The document discusses various topics related to motor re-winding including:
- The types of winding for AC and DC armatures and how they differ
- Materials and terms used for armature winding
- Types of winding patterns such as lap and wave winding
- Classes of insulation and temperature ratings
- Motor enclosure ratings and the need for protection from liquids and particles
- Checks performed on motors after re-winding to ensure proper functioning
The document discusses various topics related to motor re-winding including:
- The types of winding for AC and DC armatures and how they differ
- Materials and terms used for armature winding
- Types of winding patterns such as lap and wave winding
- Classes of insulation and temperature ratings
- Motor enclosure ratings and the need for protection from liquids and particles
- Checks performed on motors after re-winding to ensure proper functioning
The document discusses various topics related to motor re-winding including:
- The types of winding for AC and DC armatures and how they differ
- Materials and terms used for armature winding
- Types of winding patterns such as lap and wave winding
- Classes of insulation and temperature ratings
- Motor enclosure ratings and the need for protection from liquids and particles
- Checks performed on motors after re-winding to ensure proper functioning
WINDING IS THE TERM USED FOR THE ORDERLY ARRANGEMENT
OF COILS IN SLOTS OF ARMATURE. THEY ARE CONNECTED TO EACH OTHER AND THE SHAPE OF THEIR END CONNECTION. THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF WINDING COMMONLY USED. CLOSED COIL WINDING or D.C.ARMATURE WINDING and OPEN TYPE WINDING or A.C.ARMATURE WINDING. IN BOTH OF THE WINDINGS THE COILS ARE CONNECTED IN SERIES. IN A.C. ARMATURE WINDINGS, THE END OF THE FIRST COIL AND LAST COIL OR THE BEGINNING OF THE FIRST COIL AND THE ENDING OF THE LAST COIL IS EPT OPEN, SO THIS IS OPEN COIL WINDING. IN D.C. ARMATURE WINDING, THE ENDING OF THE LAST COIL IS CONNECTED TO THE BEGINNING OF THE FIRST COIL LIE CLOSE CIRCUIT. HENCE, IT IS NOWN AS CLOSED COIL WINDING.
TERMS USED IN WINDINGS !. COIL PITCH ". CONCENTRATED WINDING #. DISTRIBUTED WINDING $. WHOLE COIL WINDING %. HALF COIL WINDING &. POLE PITCH MATERIALS USED IN ARMATURE WINDING !. SINGLE COTTON CO'ERED ". DOUBLE COTTON CO'ERED #. SINGLE SIL CO'ERED $. DOUBLE SIL CO'ERED %. ENAMELLED AND SUPER-ENAMELLED WIRES &. COTTON TAPE (. SIL TAPE ). EMPIRE TAPE *. BLAC ADHESI'E TAPE !+. EMPIRE CLOTH !!. EMPIRE SLEE'ING !". COTTON SLEE'ING !#. P.'.C. SLEE'ING !$. LEATHEROID, PRESS BOARD or ELEPHANTIDE !%. PRESSPHAN !&. FLE,IBLE MICANITE SHEET OF MICA FOLIUM !(. RESIN CORED SOLDER !). SOLDERING PASTE FOR FLU, !*. 'ARNISH "+. BINDING THREAD or TWIN THREAD "!. BAMBOO "". FIBRE TYPES OF ARMATURE WINDING LAP WINDING TYPES OF LAP WINDING- !. SIMPLE, LAP WINDING ". DUPLE, LAP WINDING #. TRIPLE, LAP WINDING $. .UADRUPLE, LAP WINDING %. MULTIPLE, WINDING &. SINGLE RE-ENTRANT MULTIPLE, WINDING (. DOUBLE RE-ENTRANT MULTIPLE, WINDING WA'E WINDING TYPES OF WA'E WINDING- !. SIMPLE, WA'E WINDING ". MULTIPLE, WA'E WINDING A/ DUPLE, B/ TRIPLE, C/ .UADRUPLE, D/ SIMPLE, RE-ENTRANT E/ DOUBLE RE-ENTRANT F/ PROGRESSI'E G/ RETROGRESSI'E A.C.WINDING IN A.C. WINDING, THE WINDINGS CAN BE DI'IDED ACCORDING TO THE SHAPE OF THE END TURN. THEY ARE MAINLY- !. FLAT LOOP WINDING ". CONCENTRIC WINDING #. CHAIN WINDING $. BASET WINDING %. DIAMOND COIL WINDSING &. IN'OLUTE COIL WINDING (. SEW WINDING ). SEEN WINDING E,CEPT LAST WINDING, THE OTHER WINDINGS ARE FORM WOUND. THE LAST ONE IS HAND WINDING. CLASSES OF INSULATION, DEGREES OF PROTECTION and TEMPERATURE RATINGS INSULATION PLAYS A 'ITAL ROLE IN ANY ELECTRICAL OR ELECTRONIC SYSTEM. IT IS OF PARAMOUNT IMPORTANCE ONBOARD A SHIP DUE TO THE HARSH EN'IRONMENT THAT CABLES, THE 'ITAL LIN IN SUCH SYSTEMS, ARE SUB0ECTED TO. HENCE THE NEED ARISES FOR 'ARIOUS CLASSES, DEPENDING ON THE TYPE OF E,POSURE. ON TANERS ALL CABLES MUST BE EITHER LEAD-ALLOY SHEATHED AND ARMOURED, MINERAL-INSULATED COPPER- SHEATHED 1THE ENDS MUST BE SHEATHED TO PRE'ENT MOISTURE FROM BEING ABSORBED BY THE HYGROSCOPIC INSULATION MATERIAL/ OR NON-MINERAL IMPERMEABLE- SHEATHED AND WIRE-BRAIDED SO LONG AS THEY ARE LAID IN A PIPE 1THE CUR'ED SURFACE AREA OF THE WIRE MUST BE LESS THAN #+2 OF PIPE BORE/. GLANDS FITTED TO BULHEADS MUST ALLOW FOR E,PANSION AND BE WEATHER TIGHT3 WATER TIGHT BULHEADS SHOULD ONLY BE PENETRATED BY A SUITABLE GLAND. CABLES SHOULD BE LAID AWAY FROM HOT SURFACES AND ALL INSTALLATIONS MUST BE FLAME PROOF. THE METAL CASING SHOULD BE ADE.UATELY RUST PROTECTED AND EARTHED. P'C CONDUITS MUST NOT BE USED IN REFRIGERATED SPACES OR ON DEC UNLESS SPECIALLY APPRO'ED. CABLE SHEATHING, UNLESS GAL'ANISED, SHOULD HA'E A RUST PRE'ENTI'E COATING. CLASSES OF INSULATION- !. CLASS A INSULATION ". CLASS E INSULATION #. CLASS B INSULATION $. CLASS F INSULATION %. CLASS H INSULATION
INSULATION FOR TEMPERATURE ABO'E !)+4 C 1#%&4 F/ THESE ARE MATERIALS OR COMBINATION OF MATERIALS WHICH, BY E,PERIENCE OR ACCEPTED TESTS, CAN RE'EAL THEIR CAPABILITY TO OPERATE AT TEMPERATURES O'ER !)+4C WILL ALSO BE CONSIDERED. THE AGEING OF INSULATION IS A CHEMICAL PROCESS, WHICH IS RAPIDLY ACCELERATED BY PROLONGED OPERATION AT E,CESSI'E TEMPERATURES. TO A'OID REDUCING THE SER'ICE LIFE OF AN ELECTRIC DE'ICE 15.6. A MOTOR/, IT MUST NOT BE RUN ABO'E ITS RATED CURRENT FOR LONG PERIODS. SHORT DURATION O'ER LOADS MAY NOT HA'E AN APPRECIABLE EFFECT ON THE INSULATION. AS A ROUGH GUIDE, FOR E'ERY !+4C RISE ABO'E THE MA,IMUM RECOMMENDED TEMPERATURE, THE SER'ICE LIFE OF THE INSULATION WILL BE HAL'ED. A MA0ORITY OF MARINE E.UIPMENT HAS BEEN INSULATED WITH CLASS A MATERIALS AND TO A LESSER E,TENT WITH CLASS B, BUT CLASS E IS ALSO BECOMING POPULAR. HERE, FULL AD'ANTAGE IS BEING TAEN OF THE SYNTHETICS IN ENAMELS AND SIMILAR MATERIALS NOW IN USE, WHICH ARE SUITABLE FOR HIGHER WORING TEMPERATURES. THESE ARE BETTER THAN THE OLEORESIN ENAMELS WHICH WERE A'AILABLE WHEN THE LIMITS FOR CLASS A MATERIALS WERE ESTABLISHED. ENCLOSURES AND RATINGS MOTOR ENCLOSURES- ENCLOSURE PROTECTION FOR ELECTRICAL E.UIPMENT IS DEFINED IN TERMS OF ITS OPPOSITION TO THE INGRESS OF SOLID PARTICLES AND LI.UIDS. THE ENCLOSURE PROTECTRION IS DEFINED BY THE INGRESS PROTECTION 1IP/ CODE WHERE A "- FIGURE NUMBER IS USED TO INDICATE THE DEGREE OF PROTECTION AGAINST THE INGRESS OF SOLIDS AND LI.UIDS AS SHOWN BELOW. DRIP-PROOF OPEN 'ENTILATED MOTORS ARE USED WHERE THE RIS OF LI.UIDS LEAING FROM O'ERHEAD PIPES AND 'AL'ES MAY BE A PROBLEM. AIR IS DRAWN INTO THE MACHINE BY AN INTERNAL FAN TO PRO'IDE COOLING. THE 'ENTILATION DUCTS ARE FITTED WITH MESH SCREENS TO PRE'ENT ANY OB0ECTS FROM ENTERING THE MOTOR AND CAUSING DAMAGE. THESE SCREENS MUST ALWAYS BE EPT CLEAN AND FREE FROM DUST. OTHERWISE, THE MOTOR WILL O'ERHEAT DUE TO INADE.UATE 'ENTILATION. WHEN A GREATER DEGREE OF PROTECTION IS RE.UIRED, THE ENCLOSURE IS MADE 7TOTALLY ENCLOSED FAN 'ENTILATED8 1TEF'/ AND 70ET PROOF8. NO E,TERNAL AIR IS ALLOWED INSIDE THE MOTOR. TO IMPRO'E HEAT TRANSFER THE MOTOR CASING IS FINNED TO INCREASE THE SURFACE AREA, AND AIR FLOW ACROSS THE FINS IS ACHIE'ED BY MEANS OF AN E,TERNAL FAN AND COWL ARRANGEMENT. MOTORS LOCATED OUTSIDWE ON WEATHERDECS HA'E DEC WATERTIGHT ENCLOSURES BUT THE E,TERNAL FAN IS OMITTED BECAUSE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF ICE FORMATION. DEC WATERTIGHT MOTORS 1IP%&/ HA'E SEALED BEARINGS AND A WATERTIGHT TERMINAL BO,. THEY CAN BE COMPLETELY IMMERSED IN SHALLOW WATER FOR SHORT PERIODS. SEALING WASHERS ARE FITTED UNDER ALL SCREWS AND A COAT OF SPECIAL CORROSION RESISTING PAINT IS GENERALLY APPLIED TO ALL E,TERNAL AND INTERNAL SURFACES. DEC MOTORS FOR TANERS MUST HA'E A FLAMEPROOF 1E9d/ ENCLOSURE IF THEY ARE WITHIN #: 1$.%: ;or <o:5 <=>?</ OF AN OIL TAN OUTLET. MOTOR RATINGS- THE MOTOR CON'ERTS ELECTRICAL ENERGY TAEN FROM THE ELECTRIC POWER SUPPLY INTO ROTATIONAL MECHANICAL ENERGY AT THE MOTOR SHAFT. POWER LOSSES OCCUR DURING THE ENERGY CON'ERSION WHICH RESULTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF HEAT IN THE MOTOR. THESE LOSSES INCREASE WHEN THE LOAD ON THE MOTOR INCREASES BECAUSE THE MOTOR TAES MORE CURRENT FROM THE SUPPLY. THE LIFE OF THE INSULATING MATERIALS USED ON MOTOR WINDINGS DEPENDS ON THE TEMPERATURE AT WHICH IT IS OPERATED. INSULATING MATERIALS ARE SELECTED FOR MARINE PRACTICE BASED ON AN AMBIENT TEMPERATURE OF $%4C. AN ADE.UATE LIFE-SPAN FOR THE INSULATION IS BASED ON THE ASSUMPTION THAT THE MA,IMUM TEMPERATURE LIMIT IS NOT E,CEEDED. MOTOR NAME PLATE DEFINITIONS THE MOTOR RATING DETAILS ARE SHOWN ON THE MOTOR NAMEPLATE . RATED FULL LOAD CURRENT 1FLC/ RATED 'OLTAGE RATED FRE.UENCY POWER RATING RATED SPEED IP NUMBER THE FOLLOWING CHECS ARE DONE ON MOTORS WHEN RECEI'ING AFTER RE-WINDING- A.C.MOTOR- !/ C=5@A In<BCaD>on and @onD>nB>DE o; D=5 <DaDor F>nd>n6<. "/ C=5@A R5<><Dan@5 GaCB5 o; D=5 ?=a<5 F>nd>n6< ;or HaCan@>n6. #/ TBrn D=5 roDor and @=5@A >D >< aH<oCBD5CE ;r55. $/ I; ;a@>C>DE >< aGa>CaHC5 ;or D5<D>n6 >n FI<=o?, @onn5@D >D Do ?oF5r <B??CE and DrE oBD D=5 ?5r;or:an@5. D.C.MOTOR- !/ C=5@A In<BCaD>on and @onD>nB>DE o; D=5 F>5Cd and Ar:aDBr5 F>nd>n6<. "/ C=5@A D=5 Co::BDaDor and @arHon HrB<=5< #/ C=5@A D=5 <?r>n6 ?r5<<Br5 on D=5 @arHon HrB<=. $/ TBrn D=5 ar:aDBr5 and @=5@A D=5 ar:aDBr5 >< ;r55. %/ I; ;a@>C>DE >< aGa>CaHC5 ;or D5<D>n6 D=5 :oDor >n FI<=o?, @onn5@D >D Do ?oF5r <B??CE and DrE oBD D=5 ?5r;or:an@5.