Idioms And Phrases

It's Cool!
1
Introduction 2
Hangul Transcript 2
Romanization 2
Translation 3
Lesson Vocabulary 3
Cultural Insight 5
Grammar Points 6
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lntroduction
This is the 1st lesson in the ldioms and Phrases series.
This lesson introduces a Korean word, phrase, or idiom that has a literal meaning, but also takes on
another meaning when used in certain contexts. These lessons are engineered to introduce not just
typical Korean vocabulary, but some cultural phrases, idioms, and word usages that may not exist in
other cultures as well.
Hangul Transcript
(}1)
(1)^ 7.. =7. M! 5jF7? F7^^^. (=^5)
^... 'I.
(2)^y ^, ^F'~? I... (=^5) ! P7! ^P[(^!
(}2)
(3)^ ^... TI! ^y! ^90/~F?
(4)^y I!
(5)^ ^! 'I!
(6)^y 9??? 0/7'~?
(}3)
(7)^y ^. V. =^?
(8)^ ? '==I...
(9)^y (r/) '=... P77, 77?
Romanization
(sanhwang1)
(1)appa ja... bab meokja. wa!oneul-eun gimchijjigae joha joha joha. (han sutgal tteo meogeo
bogo) a... siwonhada.
(2)adeul appa, jinjja siwonhae? nado... (meogeo bogo) a! tteugeo! appa tteugeopjanha!
(sanghwang2)
(3)appa a pigonhada! adeul! appa deung-e masaji jom hae jullae?
(4)adeul ne!
(5)appa a! siwonhada!
(6)adeul e??? masaji-ga siwonhae?
(sanhwang3)
(7)adeul appa. baegopa. bab an meogeo?
(8)appa geureolkka? siwonhan gungmul-i meokgo sipeunde...
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(9)adeul (hetgallyeoseo) siwonhan gungmul-imyeon... tteugeoun geoya, chagaun geoya?
Translation
(Situation 1)
(1)Father Hey... let's eat! Wow! We're having Kimchi jjigae today? l love Kimchi jjigae! (after
having one spoonful of the soup) Oh... "this is so cool".
(2)Son Dad, is it really cool? l want some too.... (after eating the soup) Ah it's hot!! Dad, it's
hot!!
(Situation 2)
(3)Father Ah... l'm tired. Son! Can you give daddy some massage on the back?
(4)Son Sure!
(5)Father Ah... "lt's cool".
(6)Son Huh? The massage is cool?
(Situation 3)
(7)Son Dad, l'm hungry. Aren't we going to eat?
(8)Father Shall we? l want to have some 'cool' soup.
(9)Son (ln confusion) Cool soup... you mean hot or cold?
Lesson Vocabulary
Hangul Romanization English
bap
rice, meal
=I meokda
to eat
5j oneul
today
F7 gimchi jjigae
kimchi stew
I johta
to be good
'I siwonhada
to be cool
^F jinjja
really
P[I tteugeopda
to be hot
TI pigonhada
to be tired
^y adeul
son
^ appa
father
deung
back (of the body)
0/ masaji
massage
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= gukmul
soup
I chagapda
to be cold
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Cultural lnsight
The dictionary definition of 'Iis "to be cool" as in temperature. But in Korea this
word is actually used to express many other things as well. ln today's dialogs between
the father and the son, the son is very confused about what his father is trying to say
because he's still a little child and not used to this kind of cultural term, but that is ex-
actly the same way that most children get to learn cultural idioms of their mother
tongue.
Besides the meaning "to be cool", 'Ican also mean "to be refreshing" or "to
feel good," so ironically, even when talking about some food that is really hot and
spicy like F7(kimchi jjigae - kimchi stew), Korean people often say it's 'I
(it's cool) because it feels good and refreshing.
ln the first situation, the son is upset at his father because he took what his father said
literally and carelessly swallowed the hot soup and burned the inside of his mouth.
ln the second situation, the son doesn't understand why or how a massage can be de-
scribed with a temperature term.
ln the third situation, the son is now very confused about this word itself, and asking
his father, "which one do you mean this time, hot or cold?"
Examples where the adjective 'Imeans 'to be cool.'
'l= cool breeze, cool wind
'/= an office where it's not hot, and cool
5j/7'~E. = The weather is very cool today.
Examples where the adjective 'Imeans 'to feel good.'
^! F=^F'I= This ramyeon soup is really delicious and makes me
feel good.
==II'~! = l've taken a bath and l feel so good and refreshed!
0/)I')^. = l got a massage and it felt so good.
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Crannar Poinis
This lesson introduced the (1) plain declarative and (2) how to conjugate a descriptive verb
to modify a noun.
Grammar Point #1 - Plain Declarative - -I
ln Korean, adjectives are more accurately called "descriptive verbs" because they are con-
jugated in the same way as other verbs. As this is the case, all descriptive verbs have a dic-
tionary form. And when a descriptive verb is used in its dictionary form, it is in the plain de-
clarative.
A plain declarative sentence is used to make a neutral statement about a fact. lt can be a
statement about a speaker's observation or thought. lt is much like thinking to oneself, out
loud. Statements in this form are about the speakers observation or thought in the present.
lt is not directed towards anyone in particular (including oneself), thus it cannot be categor-
ized according to politeness level. However, it is closer to the intimate politeness level more
than the other politeness levels because it is much like thinking out loud.
Construction:
Descriptive Verb Stem + I
(This is exactly the same as the dictionary form.)
lTI(bappeuda) - to be busy
lT(bappeu) - verb stem
lT+ I= lTI(bappeuda) - busy (plain declarative form)
Sample Sentences:
1.9TI. (nun-i yeppeuda.)
The snow is pretty.
2.77I. (ki-ga keuda.)
You're tall.
In this conversation:
1.'I(siwonhada) - lt's refreshing (it feels good).
Grammar Point #2 - Descriptive Verbs Modifying a Noun - -()1
Besides working like regular verbs, descriptive nouns can also proceed a noun that comes
right after, with a little conjugation to the verb ending.
Descriptive verbs can be made in noun modifiers and describe the nouns directly. The verb
acts as an adjective to modify a noun that must follow immediately.
The translation for descriptive verbs typically start with "to be (adjective)." This construction
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would remove "to be..." from the literal translation.
Example:
^I(jakda) - to be small
^(jakeun) - [a] small [noun]
Construction:
Verb stem + -1()
-(-eun) is attached to descriptive verb stems that end in consonants.
(Example)
I(johta) - to be good
(joh) - verb stem
+ = (joheun)
[/] - (a) good [noun]
/(joheun saram) - a good person
-1(-n) is attached to descriptive verb stems that end in vowels.
ITI(nappeuda) - to be bad
IT(nappeu) - verb stem
IT+ 1= I(nappeun)
I[/] - (a) bad [noun]
I/(nappeun saram) - a bad person
Sample Sentences:
1.//E. (keun sahwa juseyo)
Please give me a big apple.
2./l/9E. (i saram-eun bappeun saram-ieyo.)
This person is a busy person.
3.}\IE. (isanghan jilmun-i itneundeyo.)
l have a strange question.
In this conversation:
'=(siwonhan gungmul) - refreshing soup
'I(siwonhada) - to be cool, to be refreshing, to be revitalizing
P77(tteugeoun geo) - hot thing
P[I(tteugeopda) - to be hot
77(chagaun geo) - cold thing
I(chagapda) - to be cold
Note: The verbs stems for both P[I(tteugeopda) and I(chagapda) end with =(p).
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Sometimes =(p) is replaced with (u), as was the case in the examples above.
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