Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
You are on page 1of 24

G

2014 fj 12 aGG `g1435 T e 14


(1326) OdG
Thursday 12 - June 2014

issue No (1326)

`a zfEG M{ `d Ya cQe
adG Geh dG efdG

j dG dG G
jG OG e aO jH

20 ........................

02 ........................

U 24

..
www.alroya.om

jdG FQ dG jG

FdG M

info@alroya.info

dGh ad jDhdG SDe Y QJ eT ej

dGh ShQ FQ j dG dL
bdG e jH jdG ShdG dh
dG MU IM H c .Q`` gORGh
M ` ````G S ``H ``S``H``b ``````dG
FdG ea EG J bH ` ``YQh G
S dG jQL FQ cCG H
dG dL YCG .OH SG icP
Jh fJ WCG Y dN e G
dh IOdGh dG Qa ed
.QgORGh dG OGVH jdG dG

fdG - e

H jdG SG Y j AYCGh ..bdG I be Xh 1500 :zdhdG{ eCG HG

dG OS - jDhdG

``````dG ``d``G ``M```U I````M ```H


` ``YQh G M ` G S ``H SHb
Oa FdG ea EG J bH
`` jO`` G ``` ` ShQ ``jQ``` ` L ``` ` FQ ``J``H
dL V ..IOdG ``YEG j S
``` WCGh ``` ` dG `` ` `UCG ``` ` G ``` ` ` ` dG
IOdGh dG Qa ed dG

fEG HdG G AfEH Mj zHhQhCG HdG QGRdG{

aCG ce IH G jdGh
hdG CG QYG Y ,YG Th hd
dG e jG d IGOCG ``HhQhCG HdG
Qn nUh .cG jdGh jdG ac ``M
AfG QGH sMQ dG ,KCG YEG LG Y
AGQRdG JG c .fEG HdG G
Od fG H JGSG QGM ebEG Y
.eCGh SdG jdG M AGQBG

fdG - KCG

G``` Y ``H ``` Y ``H ``` S``j ``` e `` SCG`` J


ah ,eCG ,LQG hDdG Y hDG jRdG
H G ddG LG QG dG
``HhQhCG O``Gh HdG h``dG LQN AGQRh
Q``WEG ``JC` j `` dG ,````KCG ```f``f```dG UdH
````eCGh SdG jdG ``M AGQBG O```J

YhG gCGh ,aGgCGh G JGSG


UN
,gJ QGh G eGdGh
k
,q SSCG dG Yh e q j a
EG ,``jQ``` ` ` ` SGh ``jO`````bG ``Yh``` ` Gh
jQJh gCJ dG OQH gG fL
Jh IQGOEG FG be NCd ;XJh
.G G aG Gg
04

fL EG -dGh dG H dG IQd
i``NCG LdGh ``jO`````bG ``Yh````G
e c I``G Wc hG Gd cGG
GQGh jG S heh ,dUh QU
```G ``V```dG CG de ``` VhCGh .``````bEG
,bdH UG jObG G g e
ec ;``````F``dG Qh``` G ``e GkO`` `Y h``` J

FQ ``H``G S ``H j e ``cCG


CG ,bdH UG jObG G g
jj ````a ````dG A`` H ``e``G ``b``dG I`````e
MdG d Xh 1500 f aS ,G
,eCG ,de A```dEG A```KCG ``dP A``L .Y ``Y
jOYG L dhdG ``eCG fk H
e ``d``` dG `````dG O``` ` fG Qh`` d ````S```dG
j QcdG e SFH ,eG IdG
QHh ,G FQ Q```G ```fi ``H
IO``` ` Sh ,A`` ` `` `YCG ``eu ` ` G `` e G``` ` Y 70
H G rCGHh .SGh IdG `` `eCG ``` ` ` ` dG ``` S `` H ``d``N Q`` ` c`` dG
dN Q``` TCG ;``dh``dG FQ Q```c``dG G``gCG ``H``G VSGh .d ```dG
hG Gg- jObG bdG e CG EG Gh ,gQtJ MGeh ,d FdG
``jQ````G `` MCG ``` jo `` dG ,````dG O``` ` ` bG efH Sh ,adGh dG G
dG `````J ``` dG ``` ` G ``` ` ` JG``` SEG dG jM ``eG``Hh ,G ``j```Jh IQGOEG
G``` G ``` ` b``e Q``` ` ` ` SG EG ``d``N `` e ,G G J OLh ,dG e d
Uh Ic MGh IG gQHh ,G `````SD`G ``LG``J ``` dG ``j````dG ``Y ````a

MCG ..G SCGQ j zff{ ceh ..UY EG jQGG dG :zOUQCG{ bQdG QKBG `a IjL acGh ..be 15 `a J :zGdG{ch jQ e 20.4 `H aVEG YCGh IjL jQe j bG
jDhdG e
dH ``j``G ``M``Gh O```UQC`d edG jjG VhCG
dG q EG J dG FGN q CG ,G Gd edG
cJ ``jQG``e UY EG ```dG H T IO``L``G ``jQG``G
a ,bk T 67^1``W Nh T 16^9 VY N Y kdM
Ie I``j``L ``Y c 980 G``M kdM UdG ce j
edG jjG qHh . IY 45-35 H e jdG YS QJh
EG J GDdG q CG ,eCG U H jG OUQCd
MGS f HdG dG H ff jQGG UdG
G jQGG UdG ce QY dMG LQh .dG
.G MCG j dPh cQe SCGQ EG G SCGQ H e

Ff dP qjh ,d jQdG AGdG


Y a bQdG QKBd dGh MG
dGh eG LG d aJ
gOYh GQd KdG e jQSGh
Me Sh ,YW e AfG q S
dG SDe fL EG G d
jdG H e q CG JOS VhCGh .UG
```d``fl ,`` j`` KCG ``Yh``` ` G ``LG``J ``` dG
Yh AH jQJ eh VGQCG
,jKCG bGd dG dGh eGMEG
jQ IG G gG IQhV EG a
.IQGRdG e dH SSCG dG
02

eG jQe - jDhdG

ch bhG fi H S IOS cCG


q CG G`` dG hD` ` ` d ``a````dGh G`` dG IQGRh
IJh jKCG G e IQGR``dG UQ
jKCG dGh MG H IYe
Hh ``k `b``e 15 gJ ```j ```dG
dP eh qG G H UGG dG
-hS jW h dG AKCG Y c e
.jdG WdG QT he h ,bdG
OH IQGR``dG q CG z``jDh``dGz``d JOS ``cq CGh
GkO`` cDJ qaVEG acG Y ``YEG

q c. dG
YCG OSEG Y aGG ``
beh ,jdG jQd e aVEG
e O`` Y H ``````G ``` ` VG``G ``e O`` Y
fl eG Jh jG jQG
SG GQGdG PJGh ,dG afi
q h .dM
jQe a OYG LG N
`` e`` Nh ``` ` ` dG G`` ` `` `G RG`` ` `d `` jQ`` J
RQCG S ``jQ``Jh ,dG IQGR`` d ``dG f
WMGh Rd edG d cdG
q c ,FGdG
h dG VhdG OYG
(fdG MG) j - Y jW LGhORG
.IgdG a
03

fdG - e
`YLG ```eCG bG SCG
QcdG e SFH ,2014 d Y HGdG
,`````G ````FQ ``` j``G ``` ` dG ``H ````TQ
k ``jQ 20Q 428Q225 H ``` YCGh be
IAc ``aQ he OSEG :gCG ``eh .kfY
jH NCG G HH b S jW
a `` a`` Jh ,``` ` NG``dG ```a``` ih`` `f
H dG G```Gh I```LCG fd
eCG ```SG``G Y ``j``h ,dG
`` ` jhh ``` a``fi `` ` `dG IQGRh ```

zd M{`d dH dG dG jQe UCG L j

dG dG eN UJ Y Ik gL J
Y H %80 H e afi jd
dG G ```G M q CG EG Q```TCGh .2020
e j e a kdM cdG J
cdG Jh ,kej e e dCG 80 Qj
J a ,e fi 13 ``G bdG
OYh Ic jM e fi 7 AH Y
UG idG d IdG G e
```F```dG ````` dG ``` ` G ``fi ````d `````Y
.kdM
06

cdH dG jeh hDe e GOY L


fS S H `` YEG ``F```Sh ``e
```UCG L SH S cdG q CG ```eCG
IQGRh ``e dH dG dG jQeh
Y bdG H G OQGeh bEG jdG
jCG N bJ Gh IQGRdG e bJG
d IjY GQjH dG fCG e .G
``j``d``H ``jQ````Gh dG ````dG ```fi
.```J``L````MG ```Y `` b ``Y `` b`` dG `` LCG ``e
d M q Ea YVG d kW fCG O``aCGh

dGY A - jDhdG

````dG ``e`` ```f````dG ``c````dG ``` ` YCG


AGQRdG aGe Y zd M dG
dG jQeh UCG L OSEGh j Y
fCG EG Ie ,cdG EG dH dG
eeh eT N OG`` YEG Y dM J
.OdG Gg eG LJ J LCG e
GY M ``H M SG ``` VhCGh
Se Ad N d dG FdG

dG ..JGhch zedG{ AH J jRGdH dG SCc


V ;``Y``` 8 EG ``j``f``G
,Gh ,JGhch ,jRGdG :hCG
``` ` ` ` e A`` ` ` `Lh .h`` ` e`` ` ` ` `dGh
G``` d``gh (``` ` dG `` e`` M) ``` f``` ` SEG
``` dG``` SCGh ``````Jh (``` ` U``dG)
``Y````G h .``` f``` dG ``Y``` ` G
``M```Sh ``f``` dG ``````e ```d```dG
Vh ,``H``` dGh ````e``d``ch ``` dG
djEGh G```G e ```HG``dG
h ,G`` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ZhQhCGh ``` jQ``` ` S``ch
GjSh fa e eG
.SGQhgh QhOGcEGh
22

jJ Y b zYGO{
GdH d Ie cCG h
bGh .OG```H ``Z T c 160
dG ,```eCG ,dG e
Gh`` ` `` `MGh `` ` `U`` G `` ` `c`` dG
e OY e Rj QJ RhG dG
.Fgc dG Xe
```dG ``` U``G ``` ` S s` ` ` jh
,eCG ,zYGO{ Je Y S
T e f ``gO``Y jh
b d ```j``G VJ ``e
`` ` j ``` c ,``` ` G ``` b `` e
.QfCG LdG je
14

cdG - OGH
`` ` `` `eCG `` ` ` ` ` VhCG OGORG
J `` ` `MEG `` e `` `ek RC` ` J G`` ` `dG
dGh GdG eSEG dhdG
```j``e ``` Y ``J``` ` ` S ,z`` ` ` ` `YGO{
,jdG U afi ce jJ
WT QOe H OaCG e H
zYGO{ e Sh ..aG
YdG e ```Y -``d``cae Y J dG ,jJ L

eG V LMG YJ H dG `a QGRh jJ
QGRdG jdG ojh .OdG e
dG AfCG dch YCG ``dGSdG RG``` dG ```Y -`````S``dG
S ,``a``dG ``e```M ``F```dG
dG ``D` G `` M ```` ``H
VQG GMGh HS cG dG
FdG Y HGh HdG
.Og
14

cdG - AU
HQ Y dG FdG i``LCG
``jQGRh jJ ,eCG ,O``g Qe
A``H````dG :``` ` e ;``F``` M 5 ````T
YJ N Y ``dPh ;dGh
``eRCGh ,eG V LMG
J ``` dG ``bh``` Gh A``H````dG

cdG - dhH hS

``SC` c ``` ` a``` e ,`` ` `dG ,`````J


,20`` dG f ```dG Id ```dG
``N `` jRG`` dG J ``` dGh
dj 13 M fj 12 ``e I```dG
Sh .ke 32 cQ ,2014
(````````G) `` ` `jRG`` dG ``` ` ` G
MaG IGQG JGhdG f
hS ``f````fQ``c ``` jQBG ````e ```Y
h .hCG YG ``dh``H
``cQ````G 32`` ` dG ``````G J

dG jDhdG

2014 fj 12 aGG `g 1435 T e 14 G

fHj jY Gah j QX a hdG dG e G hdG J dG dG IjRh


jDhdG - e
`````dG ``` e ``````SG
SdG OM H S H
Q``` X `` `a`` `h `` `dh`` `dG `` ` `jRh
AGdG AHQCG eCG U
S Fb Lc GhTJ cdG
G aHh ``e```dG ```SG``G
``F``b h``` ` J``` T ``` ` J``c ``` H
H ```Gh ,``ehR```jEG dG
dG Fb hJe GOJe
GP Q`` ` ` eCGh `` jO`` dG `` `jO`` `MCG SQ AKCG dPh ,HdG MGdG ``` H `` ` ` ` `Gh ,`` `` ` ` ` e`` `eCG
```J `` ` ` dG `` ` `` `G `` `` ` ` ` gG
.dU A S ja Fb TJhQ JLS
.jdG jdG O`` ` `J `` ` `H`` ` `G `` ` `N QGOh
H ed edG dG

.G ``` SGQ``dGh ````dG ``


e jdG H k dM dG j M
Yb dG SGQdG
`` YGQ`` dGh `` ` `UG`` G ``` b `````H `` e
de R`` `HCG ```c .``q `````dG Ih`` `dGh
d ```````dG ````d``J ``` dG ``q ` ` gCG
aQ Qh``d GQk SG ,```dG dG
EG aVEH ,WdG ObG ie
dG H MG cGdG Ua be
b j UGh eG
fL e AdG Gg M .dG dG
IQe `` eCG A``` g IQ``` c``dG IQGR`` ` dG
dG G SCG QcdGh dG dG
.q OcCG eGH N

Ie bCH h S AfEG SGQO be UGJ ziQdG eN{


jDhdG -e

QWEG dG Y bh .OGaCd
YLG ``e Y SGQO
e GOk ``Y dN aSG
FGQBH ``NC`d UNG L
`` ` `V`` e `` ` ` `M `` `` ` J`` `` ` M`` `eh
.SGQdG

a ``L``M i``e ```Y ``b``dG EG


X `````G ``g ``` `````dG
dG GMdG AH dJ JQG
Y AdG J EG ``a```VE``H
q G G H J ``dG Qh``dG
YLG QGSG IOjR S

G e Y J FdG
A``` V ``` Y ``` ` S``` G `` M`` ` `Gh
S ```dG G``` TD` Gh G
VhdGh H j e UN
jG .VGQCG jRJh fSEG
```J `` ` `SGQ`` dG `` `g qCG ``c``d``H

dGh ``e``G bf
U iQdG YLG
Qh``dG YLG A```HQCG eCG
dG OfG QhO e Y dG
-2011) HdG IdG e ddG
H ``` ` e IO``` ` S ``` S``F``H (2015
QHh dG FQ G S
dG A``` ` YCG IO``` ` ` dG ``` ` UCG
AfEG{ SGQO ,Xeh
zIe bCH h S
ac ```LG`` dG ``e``b M
kG``` ` `` ` `dPh `` ` `SGQ`` dG ``` ` a
`````L ``` ` ` ` b``` eh ``` ` V``` d
.eOdG G
SGQdG UJ qCG dG cCGh

jDhdG - e
OS H jhGQ IQcdG e dG
dG dG IjRh jSdG
j dG h``dG dG e aH eCG
hdG hdG je QOf QcdG
jaEG ````Th ``` ShCG ````dG
``e``f``H ``j``e ``` ` dG ``` L Q`` ` c`` dGh
.HdG G e hdG hdG
q h
e O`` Y ``VG``` ` ` SG A``` ` dG `` N
H hdG jJ S H e VGG
dG b IQGR`` dGh h``dG dG
ZQ hdG dG ah iHCGh .dG
dG dG IQGRh e G hdG

jG XG e 304 J zdGh HdG{ ..dG


jG ch ,``q `d``Gh `` jQGOEG
Mdh jdG FdG e OYh
G efH j CG Y q a
.jG J
dG Gg qCG cdH jG
```H``dG IQGRh ``e `` ak G`` YG ``JC` j
```d```j ``` dG O``` ``H ``` ` ` ` dGh
``` SGQ``dG ``` dG `` N ``` X``G
G G G
`` `ak G`` `YGh ,`` H`` dG ````d``H
``eG``Hh ``jQ``` ` e `` e ``f``e``` j
dG ``j`` J jjJ
````dG ``` j ``` c ,`` H A`` `` ` JQGh
```dG ```` UG``e ```Y ``` d kG`` a`` M
eY ``gh ,G A``` ` dGh
AG``` bG ```Y ```F``e``d `````e
.H

N - e
``````dGh ``` H``dG IQGRh ``` J
`````dG `````M `` ` `dG ``` ` U
`` ` `X`` G `` ` e (304) `` ` ` d`` ` ` ` ` ` `dG
IQGR`` ` ` dG `` ` Y G`` j`` H `` j`` ` `` `G
``` ` ` ` dGh `` ` `H`` dG `` `j`` `j`` `eh
e O`` `Yh ```````dG ``` a```
eCGh A``HBG d AYCG
jYH dPh ,q dG aG
MCG H je IQcdG e
dGh HdG I``jRh fdG
,AcdG IOdG UCG QHh
I```Y Ih`` J ``` G ``````jh
IQGRdG Y GjH dG jeh
IQGR`` dG ch G ``c``dG ``e h ,````````dG ``` a``` Gh
H Y H e IOS j A```SDhQh UG dG SDe
hDd IQGR``dG ch dGY
.jGh AHBG d

GQG e Od KdG G YW e AfGh ..bQdG QKBG `a IjL jKCG acG :zGdG{ ch


bG Y af d :GdG hDd adGh
fEa HG SQG aC ``k `ah `` KCG
dG ``aCG Y aGh jM G e
S h ,jG ```G MGJ M ``d
q ``dP
``j``KCG ``bG``G ``c M ``e AfG
S dG eCG aG c jQdGh
dG JeGMEG Vah ,YG dG jH
c GPEG EG H ehG Yh H GdG j
.edG G eN dP

``j``KCG ``bG`` FSG ````b CG ``e ``g```N


J ,KCG be Y QdG M h ,jQJh
.zjPfEG jGz`H j IQGRdG
e dG ``q ``gCG EG ``JO````S Q``` TCG ```c
We q S J IQGR`` dG
Y AG```YG ``M O``Lh qCG EG a ,H
Z ``X ``ah``` G `` j`` KCG ``bG``G ````H
,``f``G G`` g `````G ``` UG``` dGh dG
G``dG IQGRh ``H dG q gCG Y GOe
dGh bEG jdGh ````SEG GQGRhh
e Yh .UG Lh Y JGh
GdG IQGRh ch b ,jKCG bGG eGMEG

a ``c ``j``KCG `````d jdG


XJ c SGQO S dG dG
ae h QG GdG eGSG j
jdG ``H ``e q CG JOS ``` VhCGh .i`` NCG
```d`` ,`` `j`` `KCG ``Yh``` ` G `` LG`` J ``` dG
Yh AH jQJ eh VGQCG
,jKCG bGd dG dGh eGMEG
jQ IG G gG IQhV EG a

GQd KdG e jQSGh dGh


Sh ,YW e AfG S gOYh
SDe ``f``L EG G d Me
Q```TCG GQ`` G eJ ``Mh .``U``G ````dG
Y jj e eJ eEH d fq CG EG JOS
jCG fCh ,BG jd J q IQM 1000
IL FfEG dM c dh UN eCG
H d aGGh jQG FNh
e OY AfG Y IQGRdG J H G
e ``jh OdG IQ``M g c ed
Mh Y dGh OG eG IQMh
,IQGR`` ` `dG ``e dH ``````dG `````dG dG IQM dG e OYh H dG bQdG QKBd dGh MG Ff dP
e cCd ,a hG J QG G FdG OGYEH J IQGRdG CG EG Ge ,hf eG LG d aJ Y a

eG jQe - jDhdG
ch bhG H S IOS U
C` H G`` `dG hD` ` ` d ``a``` ` dGh G`` `dG IQGRh
IJh ``j``KCG G e IQGR``dG UQ
jKCG dGh MG H IYe
`````Hh ``k ` b``e 15 ``g`````J ``` j ``` dG
dP eh qG G H UGG dG
` hS jW h dG AKCG Y c e
cq CGh .jdG WdG QT he h ,bdG
OH IQGR``dG q CG zjDhdGz`d jJ JOS
``cD`J ``q `a```VEG e ``Y ``k `j``b `` `YEG
qjh ,d ```jQ```dG AG`` dG GO``

`j`` G O```G e I``jL `` aO ``jH ``j ``fdG ``fdG ``G


jDhdG - e

G G hCG cG RMCG SCG GSGh


hCG ``c``G ```Y ````Mh ,``F````dG ````j ``H b
S G ```G dG ``H``dGh dG
A``L ```f```dG ``b````dG H ,``H``G ```TGQ ``H
.HdG de H Uf G G hCG cG
fdG fdG jdG Fb dCG SG Hh
jCG e ``ZCG dG Gg aj { :a b c
a jJ M ``j``YQ ``cQ```G ```Y
jG O``` G ``jG```S ``e ``j``L
c jdG dG dG H
jG S G```fG T d
m S e d YS jdG
eN dN e j f gh
i```G ``g``F```d `` U`` NEGh ````Wh
JG SGMh Wd YQO Gfdh
:jG W VCGh .zdG
Me q EG ``` j``G O``` G ``` jq CG {
gb dG SSCG ``jQ```dG
``j````dG ``H``` AG``` dG ``````dG `` g
,jdG dGh Id ```G
VGSG G``g q CG ```a ``jQ ``h
VdGh G AGOCGh FGdG dG
HQeh AG```TCG ``LQ AGQh ``c G
G G YS Y GhT hge
``dG i```````H ```c```dG ``g G`` `NE
q CG T h ,jdGh IO```TEG j
c jdG IG H EG jW
Gg d ka ,dGh H ke
cQeCG AdhC kgh dGh dG
d Q`` HCGh ,I``e```dG MdG ``g
FGdG AdG G``g odG odG
a ```` ````Y ``fO``Y `` dG
jG OOQ dP H .zJMGh
GhOCGh ,dG dG G f
IM IH KK Ggh ,AdG b
H ``S``H``b dG ``d``G ``M```U
G````d `` ` YCG ``F``` dG ````G `````S
PCSG K ,- YQh G M - G
,GfH SG YGQ QHdG Fb
`````S``eh ``V``` dG Q`` H`` W `` e ``` M
`` eCG ``e ``` ` dG ``````dG ````G
```SG``e A``` ` fG ``d``H `````e `````G
.jdG

SG ``YGQ fdG fdG jdG Fb ``b


fCG jd jdG GOT H
dG iG hCG cG A``L M ,HGh
c ,HdG S H S G G IQhd
Y UGG H TGQ G G M
H MCG G G Mh ,IG hCG cG
jedG h ,GG IQe hCG cG edG Y

```eCG ````U ``` ` dG ``````dG ````G ````MG


``dPh ,jG O```G ``e I``j``L ```aO jH
N ``H G``` Y ```H ``c``dG AG``` dG ``j``YQ ``
QH ,fdG fdG jdG Fb FdG
G ``F``b ```T````dG ```S ``H ```e ``c``dG AG``` dG
Ge Y bCG dG MG CGH .dG dG
jdG dH ,G dG Gb jQJ c
e ``e``eCG dG H ``b ``dG SG YGd
k jG b gH ,jG QHW
kjY VY
dG ``c``Mh AdG H edG cH
Jh ,dG dG G Se M
jQJ c J jQJ EG eJ aOg a Md
K ,Ye i`` NCG ``M``dh G dG G``b
dP Y .VGSG g Y eCd QHdG J

QNCG

2014 fj 12 aGG `g 1435 T e 14 G

jQ e 20.4 `H aVEG YCGh IjL jJh eN jQe j bG


. .Q 6Q3030Q970 NGdG
dG GGh ILCG fd a aJ ` 2
..Q 5Q969Q220 dG H
IQGRh ``` ````eCG ```SG``G Y ``j`` ` 3
```````dG `` ` ` jhh ``` a`` `` ` ` dG
. .Q 2Q633Q400
WJ Q`L AfEG h aVEG YCG ` 4
HdG QT SJh HdG Q`T e ``JG QT
. .Q 4Q354Q410 QX a dH
jdG ``e``N ad ```a```VEG ``` YCG ` 5
G``` ` G ```a```eh ``````dGh ``a`` ```dGh
IQGR`` d ```H```dG ``````dG ``` ` ` Gh G
..Q 562 Q383 dG
e QSG Y jd aVEG YCG ` 6
(fdG ```M``G) j ``Y ``j``W ``` LGhORG
IQGRH d G jQd dG cG ``aGh ``` dG `` ` `YCGh ``jQ``` ` G `` ` ` `gCG `` eh
`
`e``G ``` J h`` ` `` `eh I`` g`` ` `dG ``` a```
.YLG
N
gOSE
G
`

Y
`

G
. .Q540Q000 dGh HdG
edG
FdG jJh gCd jQSG
b
`
`

`
S
`
`
j
`
`
W
IA`
`

`
`
c
`
`
a
Q
h`
`

`
e
`
1
fd ````a ``a``` d ``` a``` VEG `` ` `YCG `7
. QX a dU A
a
ihf
jH
NC

G
G
HH
..Q 64Q842 dN GGh ILCG

fdG - e

dG GG RGd jQJ jQ`e a OYG


RQCG S jQJh ,dG IQGRd dG f eNh
WMGh Rd ``e```dG d cdG
q ```c ,``FG``` dG
h` dG ``Vh``` dG O````YG

Y HGdG `YLG eCG bG ` `Y


dG H TQ QcdG e SFH ,2014`d
.`bG `FQ jG
gSCG ```dG ``` YCGh bG b Hh
20Q428Q225 Q``bh ke YLG ``N G
OSEG Y aGG LG N .kfY k jQ
G HH b S jW IAc ``aQ he
aJh ,NGdG a ih`f jH NCG
H dG GGh ILCG fd a
eCG SGG Y jh ,`dG
.dG jhh a dG IQGRh
e aVEG YCG OSEG Y aGG c
VGG ``e O``Y beh ,``j`````dG jQd
Jh jG jQG ``e O``Y H G
P```JGh dG ```a`` ``e``G
``` ` LG `` N h .``` d``M ``` ` S``` G GQG`` `` ` dG

jdG `a zhdG hO{`H JGh jd jQGRdG dG LG `a dG ah SCGj dG


edG feCH e J
AdG Y ffEG GKCJ SGQd
q S fGL e VG Gd Gk f
NGJ EG aVEG ,G OG``aCG Y
dGh jdGh dG QeCG
jH NEG hO Ye L EG
.OGaCG
```G ``` ` UCG ``` KCG ,````f``L ``e
b e gPJG
q dG GG Y
dG ````JG J g
d IG HdG GQ``eEG dhOh
Vh Y Ak ```H j fGe Sb
``` ` dG ``` ` ` T ```````d ``` ` a ``` b
hO e jOhG WG jdG
.G

jDhdG - e

MG J Y aGGh ,eG
h`` dG G``` ` dG ``e``N ``e ``` f``` dG
J SGQd jQSG cT Jh
c ,fdG e eN QSCG

JG g IOYEG M Y
h``` ` dG ``` ` ` Jh ,``e``` ` G ``` ` ` Jh
O`` `Gh ``` ` ` G hO `` H ``` ` G
Jh JG ``HhQhCG

c ``` J CG ```Y ,Oh`` ` `dGh `````dGh


jd G G Y VH dhO
aVEH ,aGeh JFe ``NC
bQh OG``YE edG feCG J EG

IQGRh ``` ` ```````dG ``cQ``` T


ddG LG ````JGh dG
``j```d `` `jQGR`` `dG `````d ``j``` ` ` dGh
hd hdG hH JGh
dhH eCG Y dGh HdG G
.jdG
QcdG e dG ah SCGJh
dG ``` S ``H ``` ``H ``` MCG
IOS aGj JGh dG ``jRh
Y ``` aG``G ``` ` LG `` N
q h
FdG MGhdG S H M QcdG
MG dG fd FdG IOG ahh JG J d dG
cdG Y j dG G hd gh `` ` `` `JGh ``` ` dG IQGRh ``e
LdG jdG edG UG
.JG J

HHh FS jH dG dG HO IOT feG cGe j KQG

EG ``JO````S `````SGh .G j
c Gh ``cG``G A``` SDhQ Me
dG ``e``Gh ```f```eEG Y ```WG
Y bh c ,cGG H gaJ
q
Y b Y WGh feG S
G``MCG Y WGh YdG AG``LCG
AG``LCG aJ i``eh G dG
,feG J AGOC SG dG
ddGh dG AHCG JOS qM bh
.IHGh G e jG H Y

QhS feG ce IQjdG Th


jH Q``cP ``HQ ``H ``H ``c``eh H
Q``cP A````a ``f````eG ``c``eh FS
dWh W iOCG M ,``H``H ``j``H
eCG U ```dG dG ```HO IOT
JOS ``aGQ ``bh ,dGh dG IO``e
jH feG cG JQjR AKCG
G`` ` `TEG ````e ``j``e ``H``Hh ``F````S
H S QcdG FH HdG
H O JOS e jeh MdG

edG dW - FS
N ``H O```M Q```c``dG IO````S ``b
dGh ```H``dG IQGRh ```ch ``KQ``G
Od IQjH eCG U gGh d
J a feG cGe e
IG HG QWEG dPh NGdG
d dGh ```H``dG IQGRh b ``e
dG ```HO IO````T ``f````eG Y
.dG aG dG

GQG a dG dH MG GOGSG VGSG

.dG G`` `KD` ` Gh GQ`` ` `G ```a```


``` e A`` `` ` ` ` YCG ``V``` ` ` SG `` d`` c
GQG a dG dH MG
VGSG G ``a```VE``H 2014 ````d
````G i``` ` ` e `` `aQ h`` ` `` `e `` ` `e
HJ eY jje EG d dG
.dG IQGRd

,d dG G A``` HQCG
WdG d Y SOdG LG
A``` ` YCG IO``` ` ` dG `` ` `` `UCG Q``` ` ` H
``N h .``` ` ` G `` ` `G ``` ` h
e R`` `EG ``e ``VG`````SG ``` ` LG
beh Y eG LG GQGb
WdG `````JG```SE`d ``` dG Q`` `WEG

dG OY - e
adG dG Y / jJ
hD````d `````dG IQGRh ``` ch ``SCG``J
S H QcdG IOS dG
hDd WdG dG FQ SG
eCG U dG G``KD` Gh GQ```G

`dHzYCG OGhQ OG``YEG{ efH NG


GQdG Y dGh FNh JJh
jdG OG``aCGh cdG edG jgG
j ch fhjj
SS ``e aGj `` GQ``` dG ``g A```Hh
``H``dG EG ```eG``dG `````SD`G G`` `gCGh
Y AdG J fL EG hG Jh
IQGOEG ``d``ch `````Gh jdG IQGOEG ````SCG
.fhdEG IQdG

FQ OdG H H dG
.dG a adG a IQGOEG
UCG e 25 e cCG efdG QTh
````S```Gh I``` ` ` dG ``` ` ` SD` G ``` M``` Uh
VGSG Y efdG ``cQ M aH
ih``G ``` SGQO OG`` `YE dG ``` dBG
hG ihL J je Yh jObG
edG IQGOEG FXh EG efdG J c .

G S - dG
YdGh IQdG aZ ``a NG
OG``YEG{ jQdG efdG dG a
edG `````dG f `` dGh z`` ` `YCG OGhQ
hdH SGh IdG SDG d
jQdG e eG jdG e e
jYQ ``jCG HQCG ie Y adG ``ah

dhdG

2014 fj 12 aGG `g1435 T e 14 G

dG h dG IQ H Uh Ig h q JGSEG jQG RHCG MCG G :QG

eBG QSd Weh dG H Y Ld OGeEG HGH zbdG{ :dhdG eCG HG


UG jObG G g FQ HG S H j e b
eCG dPh ;jObG bdG e M v Fe kVY ,eCG ,bdH
IdG e ddG dG OfG Qhd SdG jOYG L dhdG
,G FQ QG fi H j QcdG e SFH ,eG
S H dN QcdG IOSh ,AYEG eG e Gk Y 70 QHh
,d FdG GgCG HG VSGh .d dG eCG dG
IQGOEG efH Sh ,q adGh q dG G Gh ,gQt J MGeh
G J OLh ,q dG e d dG jM eGHh ,G jJh
.SGh IdG SDG LGJ dG jdG Y a ,G

dG OS - jDhdG

OG FdG RJ G `a aJ jObG G
ObG VdG e RGdH G G d M OL
WGbhdG ee `ah jdG Rh Y J dG
ICH be Xh 1500h ..G jj bdG Ie `a dG AH
SHb dG eL e hdH G `a d ce AfEG be
G QOGdG d edG JGhQ MJ T e G AYEG H
bdG `a LdG MdG e IOSG feEG `a dG
GhQCG j hG f Y YG G AH IOYEG iJ dG
YhG `J b jdG ad e M Vh IQhV
gDG QOGdG `ad G `a e ch ge AfEH Me
Jh dG IY de kde ,g
dG J e ihL SGQO AGLEG N e
```TCG{ :``e````dG ``` VCGh .jQe A```dG
26 f e YSG VG he q CG EG de
ZdG Y ,aG dG dG e G
kMe ,k MH 493 H Y Y MdG OY q CG e
``V``G h``` ` e ``` Y ``Y ``` M``` dG ``````SG
edG dh .H i``NCG jQG hCG ``G
feE Gkf dG fG eG qgCG EG
H ``YO dG J CG Me ,a QSG
.YOG cc ```G G``g d cdG
he dEG Uh dG MG Y edG AJh
dG YhG ``FGhCG e j ``fCGh UN ,IG
Lh G j gCG EG Ge ,H
.jhchdG YdG bh GQSG

LQG cQG
LQG cQG q EG ``H``G ``b ,fL e
jhJh jJ cQe Y IQY fc d
```d``N `` eh ,`` ` `dG ``` ` fh `` Y `` N ```````H
QSG WQN Y bdG Vh dG YSG
VG he ge EG aVEH ,H jdGh
de ``fh .``NB` H hCG H C```dG G``g ``G
Me ``e fG QJ BG G q CG EG
YH j ah .jdG EG jhdGh jdG
dG q EG de b SGh IdG SDG
q CG EG Gke ,SDG J J Y jM
gDe ah e bWh fc jd SDG J
Gke ,jQG ih``L ```SGQO ``e``bEG YSG
AGLEH SDG J J CG JG q CG EG
RdG YdG aH dG Jh ihL SGQO
J IYe dG OGSG Y OT q d ,d
.a e SGh IdG cdG
,Y ``Y ```M```dG SG ``d```e ```Y GkOQh
e MGh G VG he q CG EG de QTCG
MdG e Ic GOG``YCG YJ dG cdG
J J `` Gk``f ``fCG ``` VhCG ``fCG ``Z ,```Y ``Y
cCdGh cdG H a ```YCG e cdG
b S ``e ``gh ,`````dG ``jQ``J ````gCG ```Y
.kjb aG jQd ge
dG q CG EG de QTCG ,dG b Mh
LG N e G Gg IL IN JG
``e``bE ``jQ````J ```` `` `````G `` `gCG ``e
,Fe e ``cG```T ``V``Yh qJ `````SD`e
cdG J dP Hh GQP jJ EG Ud
e h .```d ``cG````dG ```J ``e M ````H `` dPh
CGS dG q CG de H IG h j
VJ SGQdG CG EG a ,G jj e a
.Xh 1500-1200 f SG feEG
Y dG gGHEG QcdG G AJ a
```M ,I``M CG ```U``N ``f``c GPEGh ,`````G W
J CG kMe ,IG WG hT Y J
Y J M ,bdG f IMh UN G
J ``NC`J J ``Q ```dG `` `jQGOEG O````dG
GQSG f Y G SGh .jQG
QSG adG de bJh hG
,`````G `````dG G``` ` ` dG `` N ``` ` Gh ``LQ``G
,kdM bdG Q HSG bdG M dch
X ```U``N ,G`` YCG 10 Qh``e ```H jc i``eh
dG AJh .jd MG GAYEG
e fc GPEG qYh ,G fEG M Y
dG AJh .UN jDhQ g q CG CG 2020 jDhQ
``W`````H ```````dG GAG`` ` ` LEG ```````dG ``Y
dH G We H QdG aeh ,jOhG
.WCG bh S CG ,jG S N h

dG beh FYO OGe jJh ,bEGh fi


QSG ie J q ``fq CG HJh .h```dEG
OY e jQSG cTh YCG LQ a QT
q CG EG ``a```VEG ,`````G h````dG hO ``e
J dG jdG efdG H J dG
Ff ee `` ``b``dG Ae cT ``H
bGG EG LdG eGh jdG
dG bh c .AG ReG e V g dG
QSG ``jh``d edG dG ``e gJ I``c``e
``e``N ``e IO`````SG ``LCG ``e GQO``` ` dG Jh
Vh EG ``a```VEG ,``b``dG h ``jh``dG dG
.dhdGh G cQd ce JGSG
AYCG Tf
dhdG AYCG eG bJ fL e
GY G bh .eG VhdG OQh e M
jd M O```jEGh dG j ``fq EG eG
a h``` ` dG ```b h``` ` G ``LG``J ``` dG ``````F``dG
``EG e e SSCG e ```fq CG QYG Y
gCdGh jQdG qgCG eG ``cq CGh .hG
`` kM```e ,```gD`e ````Wh QOG`` c ``a``Jh OG`` YEG
gCd e c hCG e AfEG OdG G``g
dG SDe M fL EG ,QOG```dG jQJh
J ``L``fl ``a``J `` LCG ``e `````dG ``jQ``` dGh
IQh```V ```Y ``e````G ``Mh .h````G
hG SGQO AG``LE Y ja J
````d ``````dG `` L`` fl `` e ``` ` J``G ``jQ``` ` Gh
.e LMG
dG jQe QbG ``Y IQh```V EG dh
,```a ``` a``` G ``` Y ``` ` G ```````H ``` ` gGh
gh IQhG aG J H qSdG ``Eq Gh
J aG J q C Gkf ,bdGh NGdG
e eG ``d``Wh .ke kJGSG Gk``H
YdG hdG jG Qc IYH HG
.aG bY jQe ``e``bEG H idG
,RQ``H ````c ```WG``bh```dG EG ``e````G Q``` TCGh
.eG G H dG Zh
dG A````fEG ``e I````dG q EG ```d``H de OQh
afi d ``EGh a ``j``dG e C`J
e e OLh Y EG Gke ,L SdG
G WG FfEG Y dG ``g ```J CG
d S ,bd J CG q CG HG VhCGh .H
CG EG Ge ,cCH G Y HjEG OhOG
dH JGSG b Gkf AL bdG QNG
d S bdG J dHh ,i``NCG Wd
afi q CG VCGh .cCH G Y c KCJ
ah .QX H aG cCG K g SdG
q CG EG de Q``` TCG ,````G G H j
cCG d ,SdG J dG MG
dG J CG Y G S dG q CG
jQG jJ Mh .Sd IQhG aG
J dG CG de ```VhCG I````dG YdG
Gke ,d jhdG fd RdG Uh
jQG Y cdG EG dG ``YO e G``g q CG EG
Y J dGh ,RGh LdGh MdG
MCG q CG HG cCGh .H bW Jh RdG
Rh g dSH h dG AfEG SCG
J dG q CG EG Gke ,WGbhdG GdG
.dG Gg Y d IgL
OL Y edG S SG G KCG a
Rj dP q EG Fb ,d jhdG dG
AL e M edG AJh .adG CGe e
d Y Ua N dG QhO Y jdG
q CG EG Gke ,IdG SDG J gQhOh
d Gk``f ,dG A```dG ``e j ``eCG G``g
IdG jQG e Od jObG ih``L aJ

``N ``e ````S``dG ```a``fi J J ``` fq CG


id I``j``L ```Y ``U``a ``a``Jh ,``````bEG ```N
WdG ObG Yb jJh ,WdG edG
dG G UG QSG Jh ,dG
jG dG Lh ,TG LCGh
jdG YdG S ,jdG YdG
bd JGSG bG e IOSGh ,dGh
OG GfCG Mh .bd dG OQGG SGh
OH qZ G q CG EG LOdG QTCG ,ILGG
dGh ``G ```G e `````dG ````dG GP
Q``` MCGh ``dGR``` dGh ``````dG ``` Gh ``` e``dh``dGh
fGGh jcGh G EG aVEH ,jJG
edG ````G EG ``LO``dG ```Jh .h``H``Gh
Ge ,bdH UG jObG G jd
LMG M G Me j q ``fq CG EG
,2025 `` Y ``` M ``` ` ` ` F``dG ``Y``` ` dGh ``` ` ` dG
jObG fCG jd dG SGQO AGLEGh
G Y ObG edGh dG ad
KdGh Gh MG adG ```YCGh ,WdG
,2007 Y hG bGdG TEG ad
YdG fCd dG Q``KBG J ```SGQOh
``j``h ,``` ` ` G ``` ` Uh ``` ` ` dG ``` Y ``M``` G
ad SSCG dG aGeh VGQCG eGSG
dG SGQdG OG``YEGh ,2025 M YdG
OhdG d jGh dG G jd
````G ```````dG `` ` `SGQOh ``j`````dG G``` bh
J bdG q CG EG LOdG dh .IjG jd
SBG Zh ShCG dG jObG e cCG
jJ q fq CG kVe ,2 c 1777 MG M e
q EG c ,c 800 M 2020 M hCG MG
M qG qSd G ``M````G
``gR``EG q ```dG ``jQ````G O``Y q EG ``bh .2```c 977
jQ 1^700^000^000 H H ,kYhe 29 H
Qe ,G VG ,QdG AG :e ,Y
T ,```G fi ,AHdG fi ,``b``dG
,FdG dG ,G jRJ T ,AHdG jRJ
a ,GR``H hG``c ```a ,dG dG fi
VG Xe Sh G qSJ ,jG
G jQG e O``Y EG VdG Q```TCGh .``G
dG R``` dG GOG`` `eEG h````e :```e ;`````G
``M ``` ` ` Jh ,`` j`` G ``` ` S h``` ` eh ,```````d
T ````S``Jh ,````NG``dG ``` dG `````Jh ,A````G
````k`jCGh ,A``H````dG T ````S``Jh ,``` G ``jR``J
OG``G UQ Jh ,dG dG T J
,dGh jaG e Jh ,FdGh FdG
Gbh OhdG AHh ,jd dG O``G AfEGh
UQ EG aVEG ,dG Ae heh ,jdG
.FdG dG

jhdGh jdG
je G O```M ``H ``d```U VSG a
``jO``` ` ` bG `` b`` dG ``` ` ` H ``j``` ` ` ` ` G `` e`` N
.jhdGh jdG U Y dG OL ,UG
VhG O```G ``g s CG ``V```dG `s `Hh
cT e jJh fG Y Y Jd jQG
``jh````ch```dG ``Y`````dGh ````dG ``j````d ``b``dG
Yh ,Qg 1000 GM gQGe dLEG M
IQGOEGh jd bdG Ae cT e fGh jJ
q ``fq CG VCGh .YdG ```VGQCG e Qg 2000
``aG``e ``c```T SCd z``e```J{ ``c```T ``e ``` JG
L dG edG aGG eN jd jce
dG cQT c ,G YdG YhG
Q`` Nh `` NGO ````jh``dG `````fCG ``e ``j``` dG
``jQ``````SG ``U``a ``Y `` `YEG ``d``ch ,```````dG
oe ````U Q``` ` dG ``j````dG ``

fi T dG GAG``LEG EG de QTCGh
AfEG S M ,G AfEG jW Y FQ
e ``j```dG ,``b``d``H ```U``G ``jO`````bG `````G
aTCG dG dGh eG GQG```dGh GQOG
.G gJ q dG jQG e jdG Y
````dG IQGRh ``e``b ,1997 `` Y `` ` fq CG EG ``` dh
AfEG a MbG SGQO H JGh
30 dH ```G I````U S ``` UE Fe
jdG dG J q 2004 Y h ,W dCG
IQGRh ``` ch ```S``F``H ``b``dG A````e ``j```J h``` `
``` VCGh .``jO``` ` ` bG ``````d ``` W``dG O`````bG
edG ``f``eCG J q ,2005 ``Y ``fq CG HG
G OG``YE` H I````G ``G d dG d
2006 dj Y h ,bdG e jd edG
G U jH dG ```S``G Qh```U
SdG H bdG je jJ h edG
IQGRh J q 2008 ``j```j h ,(2006/85) ``bQ
g AfEG e SGQH (IG) WdG ObG
jh jJ he Y GTEG dhDe J
dG SG QhU q 2011 HcCG h ,bdG
bdH ```U``G ``jO`````bG G g A````fE`H
.(2011/119) bQ ef QGUEGh
G``` e EG ``F``G ``V``` dG ```d```e ``` Jh
G CG EG Ge ,adGh dG G
jObG G J bdH UG jObG
be J G q CG ``f``L EG ,I``j``Y f
dHh G ```dG H Y j JGSG
q CG EG ``H``G ``` dh .`````Y ``M``e G`` ``e
dG fG eH NJ SdG afi
,dG dGh ,fG eCGh ,dG ec
``` Gh ,``` dG ``e G`` ` `fCGh ,``` ` Gh ,`` N`` dGh
e ``b```dG GOG`` `eEG I``ah EG ``a```VE``H ```dR```dG
.dG h``` G I`` ah ``f``L EG .R``` dGh ````dG
dG T I``j``a ``X``` `````G `````Jh
.QdG jc
bdG jdG GJG VdG hJh
(2011/119) fdG eSG ``g```SQCG ```dGh
G Oh``Mh ``b``e ``j`````HGkA``H ,(2013/79)h
ec 1777 J ```d```LEG ``M```` ```aG```G
80 GM dW j WT LGh OGeGh ,He
IQGOEG d SDe c AfEH GkQh``e c
IQqe YCG H H AfGh ,G jJh
dG FQ e qfh .jQSG aGM aJh
G `````J ``jO`````bG ``Yh``` ` G q CG EG
.aGGh jGGh fdG e eH
S EG ``F``G ``V```dG ``N de q``Jh
dG q CG EG Gke ,G jJh IQGOEG efH
`````````e `` ` jDhQ `````H I``` ` e ``` M``e ``e``b
```H ``j``` ` ` d ``` ` ` G `` j`` ` Jh IQGOEG `` e`` f`` d
WQG Y Vhh ,Y UG A````VEGh
.dG iG Y jQSG

fe ```J CG d OG`` jh ,FdG ``j```Jh


dG SQh d e g e QH ebEd
VhCG ,OdG Gg dG OL Mh .ObG
d YhG e Om ``Y J q ``fq CG HG
he ``dP jh ,G WG IG Yf
e hdH J j ``dGh YLG cG
Sd J dG q CG EG Ge ,SEG IQGRh
e Sc G YLG dhDG e
.f ``c````dG ``N ``e J dG SS
dhDd hU{ SCJ EG dG Q```TCGh
,bdH UG jObG G zYLG
gJ j ```dG ```SGQ``dG Ff A```V Y ``dPh
``` aG``e ``` Y ``` ` G ``f``L EG ,k` ` d``M
,G Y J c AfEG CH bG AQGRdG
jQG G QOGdG gCJ LCG e dPh
.RdGh dG b hCG H gJ QL dG
`` bQ QG`` ` `b Qh`` ` ` U EG `` `H`` `G `` ` `J `` ` c
edG idG ``jRh dG e e (2013/246)
,G G jQd e AfEG SGQO CH
dG dG IQGRh WN dG q CG ``f``L EG
L ```dG dG ``e ``L````MG C```H
dG EG aVEH ,G GdG G
Y f cd HdG zY JJ{ SDe e
``eG``H ```Y ``Y ```M```dG ``e O`` Y `` EG C` ` ` H
G jDhQ
Y dG Q``Lh ,dG ``SCGQ Y gCdGh OG``YEG
.gJ Ice OGYEG OG`` eEG ``HG``H ``` ``b``dG q CG EG ```d```e Q``` TCGh
IdG SDG
,eBG QSd k Weh ,dG H Y Ld
ad Ge MS Geh ,IQe YCG Hh
b SGh IdG SDG Y jHh
edG dG e dH eb dG q EG HG AJQG dSQh ,JYb jJh dG ObG
gd ````S```Gh I`````dG `````SD`G d ,a SSCG dG jJh ,G YCG H
IdG `````SD`G J Ih`` f GQG`` `b J UG G SCGQ h ,jdG gOQGe Jh
H dG G MQ Y dG SGh j ,YhG QSd (LCGh G)
jd de q``Jh .```H ``j``H fldG eGSG eh edG FdG ````Gh
.SdG afi fRGG dGh dG
``dG dG ```g q EG ```a G LGJ ```dG
q
q

f
G
C
VhCG ,G jJ efH j e h
G Fb M UCG Gh ,REG q
dG
Gh SGQdG OGYEG UG Gg
dg ``dGR d ,d O`````bG WdG
GhOC

Gh
SDG jdG Y dGh .d
.EH LGe e H dGh jdG H
`
`

`
J
G`
``SG `````G ``aG``e ``j```Jh ```f``f```dG
q
```MEG J ``````F``dG ``j````dG q CG ``` VCGh
q

JGSGh
YdG dG qJGSG Vhh
kUNh ,dG d ``jQGOEGh dG QOGdG

E
G
Q`
`

` TCGh .`````G ```M`````dG ``````dG


Mh W e JgDeh JGN SJ dG
k
fc
gC
G
G
R
`
`e ,dG ```UEGh ``G VG
G H fL EG ,G IQGOEGh Y efH
bE

G
dG
dG ``WQ``N Y G j
IU qfdG Jqh ,e UdG Y
`
`

`
U
G
E
h
fU
`
`e``N a aJ M ;`````dGh
aJ `` Yh ,`````V ``c`````SG ```b```Sh ,``k ````f
,`
`
b
`
`
d
G
A`
`

`
e
`
`
f
`
`
L EG ``` MCG dG
Y ``e Ie Me dG R```dG GOG`` eEG
jdG
HGdG

fCH dEG de QTCG ``dGh


OOJ ,SG QSCHh adG qdHh G
q
dG

G
C
E
G
de
dh
.Ld OGeEG
jQSG jOdGh dG UG dG e
dG
`
`
e
`
`

`
d
G
`
`
j
O`
`

`
b
G
`
`Y````dG ``e YdG
J AH QfH ,G Yh dG
q

MdG
dG

G
C
fL
EG ,G aJ
dG Ie e IdG JGSG YhG
hGc
c
Fb
MS
jQe
T G
O```L ````L ```M``J EG ``a``` VE``H R``` dG ``` Uhh
.jG
ah GRH
UG jObG G jJh Yd eG
e
`
`

Gh
`
`

`
d
G
`
`
j
`
`

`
M
Q`
`
fi
`
`

`
d
`
`

`e R`` ` HCGh
.bdH
dG CdG IQGOE FQ Qhfi N e ,dG
WdG GgCG
G OG`` YEG `````dG GQ``` ` YG J ``Y
Ff ``LO``dG N ``H j ``b ``dP EG
dG ``jQ`````dG QG`` ` `UEGh d ````````dG
dG QG dGh Sd dG FdG aJh G G jObG Yhd
JGSG GG bG hJ M ,VdG e
.G dG edG aGG eN
jObG G h WdG GgCGh ,bd IQGOEGh AfEG q OdG Gg ``fq EG HG ``bh
G jd edG Gh ,bdH UG dG VdG e SGQOh ,dG jdG Oe
Q`` G ``jQ``` ` Gh ``b``d``H ``` U``G ``jO``` ` ` bG jdG S fi AfEGh ,fih d
G``` G ``b``G `` Mh .2020 `` Y ```M ``g`````J e d ```fi A``` ` fEGh ,`````dG ``e ``eO```dG
Gkf ``fq CG EG ``LO``dG Q```TCG ,bd JGSG S fih ,dG UE IG G
dG ``j````dG ``M``G ```N ``e ``b``dG ```d de QTCGh .IG YdG jdG eh
JGSEG ``c``e ``b``dG q E` a ,``` dGh ````dG ``H CG kVe ,G G J G OL EG
.dGh dG H LdG eG d Y J bEG g bdH UG jObG G
,d WdG GgCd VGSG N VhCGh YCG SQ Y IQe IM e dh

````FQ Q``` c``dG ``` `````H ``` ` ` G CG`` ` `Hh


bdG e q CG EG dN Q```TCG ``dh``dG
``dG dG ObG h````G G``g ;jObG
J dG G JGSEG jQG ``MCG j
GG be QSG EG dN ``e dG
IQd Uh Ic MGh IG gQHh G
``Yh````G ``f``L EG ,``` dGh ````dG ``H dG
hG Gd cGG iNCG LdGh jObG
heh ,dUh QU e c I``G Wc
q CG de VhCGh .qbEG GQGh jG S
UG jObG G g e G VdG
ec ;qFdG Qh```G e GkO``Y hJ bdH
``Yh````G `` gCGh ,``` aG``gCGh `````G `````JG```SG
a kUN ,gJ QGh G eGdGh
YhGh ,qSSCG dG Yh e q j
``` ` gG ``f``L EG ,``jQ``` ` ` ` SGh ``jO``` ` ` bG
``NC``d ````X``Jh ``k ` jQ``Jh ``` gC ` J `````dG OQ````H
G ``a``G G``g Jh IQGOEG ``F``G be
PEG ``` fEG{ :``dh``dG ````FQ ```e `` bh .``` G
IRQ```dG eG Od RG``` YGh a H f
jQSG ``U``a O``` jEGh ,``N``dG QO````e jJ
IdG cdGh dG UG d I``FGQ
C f fEa ;ic jQe Gg Y SGh
,UdG ``g ``e dG ``U``G dG j
,idG jQG g kFQ kGe j CGh
jQG g Y dhDG f bdG Yf c
GAdG EG UG dG SDe ach
ISCG H fGh a gG e HdG fdG
fe Y ``cCG ``e ``dPh ,jG ``e gH
G M -G S H SHb dG dL
-jM ``g``NBG dh ,Se ``e ``cCG -``YQh
``fl````dG H 2013 ``Y e -G `` YCG
G GQG``` dG ``e EG{ :dL ``b eY ,```H
`````SD`G Ih`` f) Ih``` dG ```H ``L``N ```dG ``e```Gh
VGQCG dCe gcQH dG (SGh IdG
hCG YU fcCG jQG UC S dG
YCG Ggh ,H fd NBG EGh YGQR hCG jQ
CG Y gjh KfEGh GQcP HT aj AT g
.za C``T d ```jh ``jQ````G ``g GWj
EG CG EG dhdG FQ QcdG e QTCGh
SG dG Ua OjEGh gCdGh jQdG fL
-G M -```d``L ```cC`J ``c ````dG d
OJ jQhdG SSCG dG q EG Mh{ :dH
N cdG EG eG Lh a J
fGL UN YLG dG Y G
e ``j``G ``M``JE`H ``dPh ,``WG``G G
IAdG aQh gCdGh jQdG eGHh dG Ua
.zGh dGh dG jdGh LfEG

Qhfi 3
`````G ````g ````FQ ``` e h``` J ,``` f``L ``e
,Qh``fi 3 ``V```dG ``b``d``H ```U``G ``jO`````bG
G IQGOEGh jJ efH ``Y ``Y VY hCG
``` Gh G`` ` ` ` gCG ``` ` ` jh ,`` b`` d`` H `` ` `U`` G
G```Gh ,h````G Ia Y SG dG WdG
``MG``eh ,`` d ``aG``` J ``` dG ```````dG ``jO``` ` ` bG
dGh ,``b``d``H ```U``G ``jO`````bG G Q```J
jdGh dG Q``WEGh dG AfEG S
dG qG ``jDh``dGh Vh q ``dG SDGh
Gh H ````dG q ```dG ``` SGQ``dGh J q
.gJ Q``Lh gOGYEG q dG jQGh eGdGh
SG ej ``dG -```dG Q```G j a
dG FdG Ff LOdG N H j
``j```J `````dG O``` L - ``````dGh ```S`````d
QG kUNh G ``e```dG ``aG``G A````fEGh
dG G````h ,``G ``V``G ```h A````Gh
Gh AHdG ``jh``J ``e``Nh dc SSCG
jJh Q```eCG ```e jJh jG Beh
Q``` G q CG ``H``Jh .``` j``G ``b``dG ``` j``e ``aG``e
eN je G OM H dU eqj ddG
dG jQSG UdG a hjh ,jG
G jObG YdG G gaJ
dG ```H ``e``b ```dG ````jh``dG ``q ``G ``d``ch
gaJ dG jQSG UdGh H d
N dG q dG qjQSG YhGh
OY ``N G WJ e VG IdG
```dG ``Yh``` ` Gh `````G ``` VGQG ``j``` Jh ````fG
.SGQdGh OGYEG b dGR

WdG GQOG
jObG G AfEG q EG HG e bh
dG qWdG GQO``` G ``MC`c A``L bdH UG
dG Obd qG ``jDh``dG{ ``Y fG
J q dG WdG dG efH dch ,z2020
OMh ,dhd edGh HdG G G
J G ```d FdG G`` gCG
WdG Obd eGeh U `` ```e
OYG Jh ````dG O`````bG ``j```Jh ,````dG
```g````e IO`` ` jRh R`` ` dGh `` G ``` ` dG ``` b ``` Y
J ,``` LEG ````G ```dG ``U``G ````dG
fRGG dG S SdG afi
IjL Y ``U``a ```Nh dG ```a``fi ``H
````dG `````dG ``e I``jG``` G OG`` ` YCG ``````S
.dG H G

ObG

2014 fj 12 aGG `g1435 T e 14 G

YCG IOjd zSS{ ce eN Y j dG fe 5 aC dG dL SCc He jJ J zYdGh IQdG{

IdG SDd jQG OSEG dBGh ````S```Gh I`````dG ``` ` ` SD` G `````J
eG dG O```j ```c ````S```Gh Y e VYh ,eG J ``
Jh bdGh bdG Me AKCG d e Q`` WEG hCG ``gh bd ``` dG Q`` `WEG
.dG e jQG bdG Y ``WD`j ,dG ``Y``f

jDhdG - e

jDhdG -e

Oe ``H ``` Y Q``` c``dG ``` e ``` WG


aGj YdGh IQ````dG ``jRh dG
,eCG dG ``` YCG ``LQ ``e O``Y
eG J g H Y
```YCG IO``j``H J dG GQO``` G ``YO
dP AL .JGh eG J
ce dL J d IQ``jR ``N
Y dG dN ,YCG IOjd SS
dGh cG NGO G cdG
gH ,cdG J gJ dG YCGh
bGdG Ic SS ce IQjd adG fG
Gce d TJ dGh ,VGaG
jQe ``j````d ``` ` S``` SCG `````dG ``a``j
FSdG ``j``` h ,``` VG``aG ``bG``dG
SG c .bEGh G d IOG
efH Y Vd d aGG adGh de

eCG ``Y``` ` ` dGh IQ`` ` ` dG IQGRh ``` Y


OcCGh YdG e hCG LG
Me b ,SHb dG eL e
dG MU IM SCc He jJ
.fe N aC
``j``` ` dG ``` Y ``` ` dG k` ` d``M ``` jh
dG ````L ``e ```S`````d `````dG ``j``` G
f ```S````G ``` dCGh .``f````Gh ``q `Y`````dG
edG I`` j`` G ``` G `` g`` dG ``` Y ``` H
K ````c ,``Y``````d ``e``` dG ``j``j````d
HoG Y J IQGR``dG jDhQ Y a
H YdG d OjQ be H
,HG J G`` gCGh ,eh I```
AJQGh ,YdG LfEG ie aQh
ObG ge f aQh dG GH
.WdG

YCG OGhd LdJ eN d zQH JGO{ e gJ Ice bj zadG{


jDhdG -e

IY Ie Ua fc Y a ,gCG q EG Q``H ``JGO ```Y cd dG FdG


fH ,UN H IGh FdG jQG LdJ eN J e cdG
SJh ``` L``` dG i`` ` NCG ``jQ``` ` G ``j``` J fq EG ``` M ;``` H``` ` ` dG `` ` ` fCGh ``e``` ` G
.dYCG dH ```Wh h````eh YLG dhDe J

cT e gJ Ice adG hU bh
H hdG YO QWEG dPh ,QH JGO Y
``e```G ``` ` dGh ``U``G ````dG
Ifeh SGh IdG SDG J
.YCG OGhQ
je `````dG ``` ``H ```f``j `` ` `VhCGh
j hdG q CG adG hH hdG Y
YOh SCJ ``e h dG ``YO Y
Y Jfe dP ,UG jQe
,jdG ``Y ```a d ``j````dG ```LG``e
k G Eq Gh
f aJh ,q dG YdG N e jC
VhCGh .SDG OQGe d jM J
d ```fh```dEG ``HG``H AfEH ``dP q CG
jdG eGdG e jd dG
.hdG e eG
Ff ````g``dG ``` S ``H ````e ``b ````a

FQ FdG OM H dN SG qbh
jjH YdG ``H``b``dGh ```H```G b
If j Fe kVY Yd edG
aGgCGh HG jJ fGLh HG Y
dG dG Y j dG jGh
.cQG Bd

QhH ``j``` ` dG EG ``` ` LG `` `gh


iH A`` ` ` ` JQGh ``j``` ` ` d ``` ` ` ` F``dG
YdG e Y dGh YdG
YdG BG b e cQG f IOjRh
HoG adG f SJh ,HG
.YdG dG L e Sd

G AKdG ..e HdG WdH G jM De QJ dG


e jQH G jM RL FQ
jM ````g ````FQ ``` SQ Q``f``Lh ,```H```dG
Y ``j``e `` d G`` f`` eCGh ,``j````d``H ```````G
FQ cc Mh ,d dG G
,OfhCG e G ``j```Mh aG
HdG O``G FQ GY QcdGh
OG FQ G gQcdGh ,d
W ``S````Gh ,```FG```dG Yd ``H```dG
M ``j``` ``H```dG O`` G ``Y `` eCG `` jGR
PSCG dG Sj QcdGh ,jdG G
QcdGh ,(e) W eL G H
IQGOE HdG dG Y eCG ZdG eGcEG
Y i``g IQ```c``dGh ,jdG OQG``G
QcdGh ,IjGh Sd HdG OG eCG
q YdG OG FQ Ff QGf O
TGQ H OS SGh , G jM
aVEH ,G dG g e dG
.dhdGh dG AGG e OY EG

aJ ffdG jdGh fCG QhO Y


;QdG dG jb e d jG
jdG `` d`` ch ,`` ` `fh`` ` `dEGh ``j``` ` ` ` dG
Gh dG OL RG``HEG ``YEG Qh``H
YdGh ,G jM `` q SdG
RGHEGh ,HdG WdG G jM jH
Y HdG WdG jObG SdG KCG
QhO Y q dGh ,d eBG jM aJ
G jM ILCGh G G SDe
bjh .G LGhh H YdG
G Q`` ` ``` ` e ;Qh`` ` I`` Y `` D` `G
G j ffdG FSdGh ``q `dh``dG
ee QhOh ,G jM YEG QhOh
eG QhOh ,```````G ``j```M IO`` `G
.G G SDeh
`````dG IO``` ` S `` D` G Q``` ` jh
I`` M`` dG ``` ` `` ` Y `` ` ` eCG `` ` `H`` dG `` ` `
j `` `eCG `` W`` Yh ,``` H``` dG ``jO``` ` ` bG

jDhdG - e
edG `````dG ```` ```````dG Q``` ` J
G jM De ,G j
jG UdG j ``dG HdG WdG
iDhQh ``j``{ GH G AKdG IgdG
I`` M`` dG ``` ` `` e ``` ` ` ` Hh ,z``` ` ` ` ` ` ` e
edG dG e hdH ,HdG jObG
.dH G j
jRh ````M ``d``N Q``` c``dG ``D` G ``Y``jh
e jQH ````NG``dG IQ````dGh ``j````dG
.Q`` G ```f``j 18h 17 ``e``j `` dPh ,```H```dG
Y Gh dG M e hCG DG jh
IOS dG ``ah ``SCG``jh ,HdG iG
dG FQ dG N H S QcdG
dG -DG jh .G j edG
jM hDeh AGN e c OY a Qj
dG EG -dGh HdG WdH G

je N aG QdG hGdG b jQ e 282^7 :zQdG dG{


VGQCG b 306h YdG Sd ``VQCG b
Sd ``VQCG b 154h ``YGQ``dG Sd
hO A```HC IQO````dG G O``Y ``Mh .``e```G
QdG HGd k ah G hdG
G ``b ,``` V``G ``j``e ````T ``N ```````d``H
.G d e S 336 H ```fq EG
H hCG ```J``G ``j```dG `` dhO ```WG``e A`` Lh
G 51 H CG ke 172 OH G OY
OH IG HdG GQ`` eEG ``dhO WGe j
G WGe q K G 31 H CG e 105
G 9 H CG ke 29 OH jOdG HdG
6 H CG e 21 OH b ``dhO WGe ``K
CG e 9 OH jdG kG``NCGh G
hO AHCG f q CG EG kGe G 3 H
WdG T a ``c``J h````dG
OH dG a bH Y G 53 H
G 9^8 H QX a J ke 177
.ke 33 OHh

35 e WdG ```L a f ``c Gk``Y


JOS QTCGh .aG qH Y YCG gh kGY
2014 Q``G dG e je T ``N q ``fq CG EG
e S 4446 e e S 17366 QG```UEG
T a e S 2566h e a
2099h NGdG a e S 2462h WdG
GS 1503h WdG L a e S
e S 1379h bdG T a e
e S 1148h ```b````dG ```L ```a``
IgdG a e S 855h QX a
e S 211h dG a e S 517h
e S 180 EG aVEH SdG a
.e a
IjG dG OY CG QdG dG eCG OaCGh
3793 H VG je T N Ie hC G
Sd `` `VQCG ````b 2739 ````e `` `VQCG ````b
dG ``````S``d `` ` VQCG ````b 321h ``````dG
174h QdG Sd VQCG b 99h QdG

ie Y dG OY OY ALh ,gQ a Y
YCG dG fc GkY 317 dG a
H c Gk``Y 130 H WdG T a
64 ```a```G ie ```Y ``e``G ````fG O```Y
WdG ```L a ```YCG dG ``c Gk``Y
88 H M ;G```TC``dG Gk` `NCGh ,Gk` ` Y 20 O```H

NGdG a K gQ J 217 OH WdG


WdG T a K ,``gQ J 188 OH
142 OH QX a K ,gQ J 173 OH
112 OH bdG T a K ,``gQ J
aJ 106 OH IgdG a K ,gQ J
K ,``gQ J 77 OH bdG L ``K ,``gQ
a q K ,gQ J 42 OH dG a
a kG`` NCGh ,``g```d k`a````J 27 O```H e
Fb G HJh .gQ aJ 14 OH SdG
jQ 636h ``` dCG 437 ````H ``dO``` G O```Y ````b q EG
fY ``jQ 752h BG 8 G SdGh fY
a f c dOe Y 67 GHEG N e
ie Y ```YCG ``gh ``dO```e Y 22 I``g```dG
393 H a QEG Od dH ``eq CG ,aG
YCG WdG T a f c QEG Y
Hh ,GkY 115 H dGh eG OdG OY
634 aG ie Y eG gdG a OY
224 OH e a YCG dG c GkY

REG dBG Y j QaS ah


NGdG zedG idG{`H eG
eG j -ihf
Gah eCG NGdG a edG id edG jjG SG
IFGO je UhG ``gGR H GY H M dG M ;jQaS
.adH jjH dGh jQGOEG hDdG
q AdG Nh
Jh .dG hDT G QeCG be
Y eG J Jh bdG Y ee J EG IQ``j``dG
jdG ``H```jEG ``KCG ``e AG`` LEG G```d `` ``dPh ,JdG dG
JeN Jh fhdEG eG EG fG dBG jJh jdGh
e eG eG ILCG Y G e jG aj Sb eR
e G OG``aCGh WGeh YCG UCG e eG dWh ,Mf
dG G VGG be LG N q h .i``NCG Mf
fCG G dBGh fCH j e jG GQdGh
.ddG jYdG IFGO dch G dG dG a

jJ he TH zYGQdG{
dG ..NGdG jdG ICGG e
jDhdG -ihf
YGQd edG jjG ,dG Ih``dGh YGQdG IQGRh
jJ he TH ,G dG ,NGdG a fGG IhdGh
dG IOS ``j``YQ `` ``dPh ,NGdG a jdG ICG``G e
.ihf dJ dL H ,NGdG a dG M H N
aH jdG ICG``G e jJ ``j``h ``YO he ````SCGh
,Jh d jdGh fEH edG ICGG id fGG e jdG
NGdG VQG cQGh jQdG dG M ebEG N e dPh
H S SG j ,IQGRd c G Ga Jh .LQGh
a fGG IhdGh YGQd edG jjG Y je dG S
hj Fe a VY fH ,h````G ``e GG ch ,NGdG
Ve G MSh .``YGQ``dG G jdG ICG``G ```YCGh fCG
G hG jh .NGdG a jdG ICGG e e jdG j
zGY{ MdG d fdG cdGh SdG G cT b e
EG j ,jQSG jJ J LfEG kYhe AdG QGO Lh
dG IOjR j ,jM IQH YGQdG jdG ICGG e jJ
YQGG id jdGh LfEG GQdG Rj CG G CT eh .Y
SG Yh jdG dSCG Y jQdG N e ,jdG AdGh
q
Ua aJh jQSG jQG IQGOEG JGQb
Jh ,d eCG
.dG Y MdG dG dG j NOh Y

,H J 1345 H M VG dG ``N
,H J 1086 OH WdG L a J
K ,H J 1081 OH WdG T a K
a K ,H J 822 OH NGdG a
a K ,H J 551 OH bdG L
bdG T a q K ,aJ 533 OH QX
371 OH IgdG a K ,H J 497 OH
J 338 OH dG a K H J
d kaJ 147 O```H SdG a q ` K H
.H J 36 OH e a kGNCGh
LEG q CG EG QdG dG eCG IOS QTCGh
781h k dCG 720h fe 144 H gdG OY b
ie Y gQ J 1796 N e fY jQ
Y G SdG H a ,dG a
dG fch .fY ``jQ 128h BG 707 gdG
fQe e a gdG aJ YCG
VG je T ``N dG a H
L ``` a`` `````J ,`` `gQ ``` ` J 698 ``` ` Hh

jDhdG -e
dG eCG G S H GY IOS YCG
dhGG O````dG b CG ````SEG IQGR`` H Q````dG
k dCG 769h fk e 282 H VG je T N
5 G SdG H M ,fY ``jQ 416h
.fY jQ 443h dCG 287h je
dG ``` YCG ``` LEG CG EG `````G Q``` TCGh
dG ````f ``N ``a````J 29059 ````H Q``` ` dG
gdGh dOGh QEGh dGh dG aJ T
.GTCdG EG aVEH gdG ah
H dG OY b LEG q CG G VhCGh
N e ,fY jQ 998h BG 610h fe 137
dG a ie Y H J 6807
105h je 4 dG Y G SdG H a
dG ``eCG IOS VCGh .fY ``jQ 61h BG
S e a dG aJ CG QdG
dG ```a`` H ``fQ```e ``` YCG dG

ObG

2014 fj 12 aGG `g 1435 T e 14 G

He

2025 Y H G G e ej e e dCG 318 fE J cdG

dG a dG dG Yhe d N ee J : zd M{
Y zd Mz`d dG FdG ,G Y M H M c
cdG gJ dG dG dG jQ j a GG NBG
bG AGQRdG J H G LdGh e a
,dG a ie Y dG dG J H cd
J LGj eh ,G dG dG e SG dBG EG aVEG
e GOY L Se Ad N dPh ,j e cdG Yhe
S H YEG FSh e cdH dG jeh hDe
.eCG ,fS
dG Y A - jDhdG
dG TGQ /jJ
fdGh dG
je ,O`````dG ``HCG O``` ``S````G ``bh
e Y kFe kVY fdGh dG Y
kVe fdGh d ``e```dG ``j``j``G
fdGh dG J d M Cq G
``` h ``` ` ` dG ``` ` dG ``` ` ` T ````
G jRJ Th G h dG
.bJ hHh YdG QGe Y G
fdGh d edG jjG ebh
H dG eGHh fdG eGH H
``cC``dGh e a 2013 ``Y ``N
H dGh G L MU e
UG W ``dPh ,dG QG``e Yh %100
```Yh G`` g .``` N``` G hD` ` ` dGh `````dG IQGRh
Q```eC e ```a`` ``V```J ``e ``Z``dG
```j ``` a ``` ` ` G ``` dG ``jO``` ` YG ``Z
``` ` ` ` dG hCG ``` ` ` ` d ``` ` ` FQ `` b`` J CG
hCG `````dG ``` ` dG ``e``N ``` Y ``KD` j ``b
edG ``j``j``G ``e``b d .`````G ```
YCG e jdG H fdGh d
``` ` dG `` ` `f AGOCG ``` ` `` ` `H `` ` `dPh
YCH eb M ,G ```YCGh dG
e ``` d ``eR``dG dG
cCd ``dPh FdG dG ````dG ```e
G dG jd ``` FGOCG He ``e
eh .NG hDdGh dG IQGRh id H
IOYE FdG fdG J :YCG g
```e ````` e ``` ` ``d``` dG `` `G ``` gC` J
H ``dPh ```dG WH dG ````dG
ke kG``e 3500 e dG S IO``jR
J ,dG ke kGe 7500 EG dG
`````G I``M``d ``````F``dG ``f`````dG `` ` YCG
H dPh dG fCG KdG
cCdGh KdG dG Y AGOCG
cJ ,SdG UGd He ``e
H d ``fG``Nh ```a```VEG G`` Mh
eb a ,dP EG k aVEG .FdG G
jQG H SGh eT H jjG
```a`` `` `jh ````` I``` ` Gh ``````G
q dG ```dG M hc ,e

ke kGe 200 H J H J
Th ``` N ``j`` ``jQ````eh ,``` dG
h `````dGh ```T``H ``j``H `````dG ``` ` dG
GSG ```YCG J EG ``a```VE``H ,```e
IdG dG Z e Y
.jdGh

dG OdG e
dG O`````dG e ``c````dG ````Th
,e ```a``` G``e``` dG `` jh zC` `c{
``` ` UG``G `` ` MCG ``` Y ``` ` ` G ``` ` T ``` M
40 EG J LfEG bH ,dG dGh
kjM kG G jh .kjS W dCG
Y J ```dG dG aCH
``dPh ,G`` ` `SCG ``M``W ```b ````G Q````NG
G AG`` G ``e O``Y G``` TEG ``
``` SGh``dG ``j`` ``` j ``` M ,`` ` `G G`` g
EG dG dG e e e dG
FGdG GcCG f GSH Y OS
H h````G G``g C```fCG ``bh G``g .``M````G
Y dH IG HdG KfG G```NG
,G e eCG SG jW
Y dG AGG G EG aVEH
,AGG Gh QTCG J Y
O`````dG ``````J `````Y A``` KCG ``g``jh``J ````d
QGG eGS G (Cc) dG
``````G ``` bQ IO`` ` jRh ,``` d``` G `` FG`` Gh
e CH cNCG CG j gh .AGG
IQOe aCG IFL Y M b zCc{ OS
2011 d dG j Y FGL M
M k```jCGh .``jO`````bG ```Y ``e
CG ``e CDM IO``` ` T ```Y C` `c `````e
IMdG cdG d M Jh IG
e ReG Gg Y UG ShCG dG
je ,G SH ``bh .dhdG G
AdG eNh QdG jdG jje Y
J eh G G Y kFe kVY HfEH
G SG e G bdG cdG H
g GS G ```Gh `````G
G e hdH d M YCGh .G
SHb dG ec dG G
``M e ``` SGQO ``` G ``e ``g``Zh
J G G e IOSG feEG
d aG QHBG Mh G hG
```G ``g G`````SG EG k `a```VEG ,Me
``g ``` ` KCG ``` d .`` g`` Zh ``Y``` ` ` dGh `` `dG
Y J CG G G Cq G SGQdG
H e J dG MG I``g``X ```jEG
JOL V Y Ik h``Y ,MdG WG
dGh fdG IO``G j Heh
.eGSG IOYE eRdG (USEPA)

2018 H dG dG h TH jh `a ICeh S IMh dCG 69 HQ


Gh dG dG eN jJ dP `a e gCJ IOYE ee he
eGMEG Y AGYGh J SQ OLh Yh IMG Gh dG Z
H j zd YCG{h zM{ Yhe j RHCG ..dG
dW S dGh G G jRJh f
,jdG dCG Hc EG aVEH ,c 17
ke 3431 ``e ``cCG h````G ```j ```Sh
.ICeh
he T G`` WCG J CG Q```G ``eh
133 G`` ` ` M `` j`` d`` H `` ` b`` ` ` dG ``` ` ` G
dG T ``e j ```Sh ,kGec
f ``` ` ` Th ``` ` f``G ``` ` ` ` dGh `````dG
14 dW S dGh G G ``jR``Jh
e 3172 G`` M h``` ` G ``` j ``` Sh ,`` c
h j e eCG.BGh cG
j a ,d HdG Gh G
``jh `````G ``` G ``` A``` Hh J
``dP `` ,`````dG GP ``` ` TCGh G``e``` dG
dG ```e ```f ``jQ````U S ``a``e
dG dG e V h dG
.`````G `````d `` fG`` Nh ,``` ` dG ``` Nh
````G `` ` MCG ``e I`` ` MGh ``` ` G ``` ` Jh
J e J dG M eG
M G e IQeh jM
e j dGh FdG YG Y G
dG e e IOG dY dG
Jh .KG e G N jh dG
kG``e 18000 ``````d ```H``````SG ``b``` dG
Y G ```h .``MG``dG ```dG ke
Y AKCG FGhdG e jM J
NGO ``FGh``dG e J dGh dG
Y j ,AGdG bWEG b G
.G YG FGhdG QfG
he Eq G ``b ``j``b ``jh h````e ``Yh
j ``j``b `` jh ``` G G`````SG IO`` `YEG
`` ` dG Q`` `` ` jh ,I`` ` j`` ` G `` `j`` `b ``` ` ` e
,Gec 8 GH dG d LEG
H `````G ```G ``jR```d T O``Lh ``e
bdG J Sh .kGec 11 GM j
,kej e e dCG 15 d HSG
k G bG ``eh
Y hG G``g j CG jC
Ik Ceh k S Ik ``Mh 7566 Y jj e HQ
``d``H k` ` YG``e ,2022 `` Y ``` ` H k ` `jQ``
.IG fdG IOjdGh fGdG IdG
IO``YEG T AfEG he cdG f c
M ```U``N ``` h ``` G G`````SG
.Jh e AfG h dG
YT d Mh e jH CG VCGh
jh jJ IOYE FdG G J
``j```` dG ``j`` ``` H A`` `L ``` dGh ``` e
jJ he J J dG HdGh
``eh ,``` e ``jh dG ````dG ```e
W h``` ` G ``LG``J ``` dG ``j````dG ```J
,``j````Gh ``````dG ```e `` jh ``W T
`` L`` ` ` M`` d `` ` `H`` ` `G `` ` Z `` ` `e`` ` `Gh
`````jh .`` ` `G ``d``M Q`` g`` Jh ,``j``` ` ` dG
T J ```e ``j```J IO`` YEG h````e
e d e h G GSG IO``YEG
CGj CG QG eh .dGh GSh e
h dG J ``dP `` h````G
.2016 ``Y H dG Gh G
Y H h````G ``e A````fG ``b```jh G``g
We G e Sh .2018
HSG bHh dGh G```Sh e
.ej e e dCG 15000 J

,dG Hh ,hQh ,jGh ,dG OG``dG


e fL EG ,MdG SQGOh ,SQGOh
e ``jh We ZCG ``HQ H ,Y
e `` MCG ```X``Jh ,`````dG ````dG ````H
`` LddG ``` dG ``` dEG ```U``J
IjG G S ,dHh .G e
```G HSG IQ```dG ``aQ Y
SQGO Jh .k``fBG IQ``c``G WG
FdG YG LdJ Y G
fCG aCG MCG j dG G e
e Y G d ```dG G
e ``f qCG e dNh IO``G dY e
G AfEG Y bJG f c ,KG
``c````dG ``` J CG ``` Y ``` ` SQGO I`` j`` G
d jjL fGN AfEGh H IG
aJ ```c ,``` G ``a``d ```V ```h `````G
Be ``H``d e Uh I````G cdG
dG ``a```H ``` G ````` ```` SQGO ```
aVEH ,fCG G e
````fCGh ``eR``dG G``` G ```c``Jh ``a``J EG
.dG

G GSG IOYEG
IO`` `YEG h``` ` e `````J `````S `` ` fq CG `` ` `VhCGh
,MGe Y GedG jh G GSG
``` ` dG `` e`` N EG ``L``` ` d k` `` `ah `` ` dPh
dG dG QYG H NCG e dG
Sh .``j``dG ```````S `` dG Q``` ` dGh
,dG dG T Vh hCG MG
`````e ``` h ``` ` dG ``` ``f``L EG
.`````G ``` G ``jR``J `````T ``j``h ,``` G
Gg ``e A````fG EG d M Jh G``g
CG bG e M ,2017 Y H hG
cG e %80 G``M hG Gg j
G MGG Sh .GedG jh
GSG IO``YEG T SG Y i``NCG
,G ```G ``jR``J T fL EG ,```G
``` ``````SG i`` e ````S``J EG ``a``` VEG
T GWCG J Sh Gg.Gh dG
J ,kGec 250 GM HdG G
``````dGh ,`````dG ``` ` dG `````T ``j``
G ```G ``jR``Jh f Th ,fG
T EG aVEH ,c 7 dW S dGh
Gg ```j ```Sh ,jdG ``` dCG ``H``c
.ICe h ke 4845 Y ``H``j ``e h````G
G``WCG a ddG G he ``eCG
T e kfe ,kGec 140 GM JT
Th fG dGh ,dG dG

e dCG 35 G YJ Sh .dG
.kej e
``` G G`````SG IO`` `YEG h``` ` e CG `` cCGh
``e `` `HQ EG `` ` `j ``` ` ` dG `` ` jh ``W``` e
Ik C` ` ` ` eh k `````S Ik `` ` Mh `` `dCG 64 `` e Q`` ` j
J M ,dG dG H jQ
```dG `````dG `` jh ``` G ````` e ```
e ``e ``dCG 60 HSG bW J
EG J i``NCG d hCG Mc dG
Y G g S ,G hG Gg
ac e dG Y aG G e
````dG ``` dG ````j ``` Sh .`` j`` dG ``W```e
jQd dG dG T
,Gec 1706 G``M Gh AfEG
H ``a``` ` G ````V ``` dG G`` g ````j ``` M
AfEG h````G j c .``d```Uh e
j LEG H G G jRd T
dG j CG Q``` G ``eh ,`` `c185 G`` M
CG Y dG Gg e NCG HdG H
WdG dH dG MG N J
.G HQCGh HGdG
J CG VhCG ,e ``jh he ``Yh
``` ` SQGO ``W``` `````dG ``` ` dG h``` ` e
hQh jGh dG OGdG ,Y ,MdG
HdG ```W``dGh ````dG A````eh ````dG ```Hh
jQG g cCG e kGMGh j e jd
e ``e``N G h````G ```j M ,jdG
.``j``dG Ik C````eh e 33,384 ``e Q```j
dG dG T GWCG J Sh Gg
bj M ,c 710 GM dG jQd
Sh ,``c 812 G``M EG e J CG
``````FQ ``` N `` e ``` ` ` ` dG `` g ``dC` ` J
150 ``H ``e hG`` J Q``` bC` H ```Y``a `````Th
G jRd m T EG k aVEG ,e 700 h e
q c .``c 26 H G
AfEG
```f```dGh ````Y hCG ,``J``j``L ```V
`````dG dG A``` dEG ``e ``M````dG ``` ` SQGO
Y ``e ``c ````F```dG ````dG ````h
.jGh

SQGO d IjL
AH ```Y ````J z`````d ``` M{ Cq G ``` VCGh
dGh SQGO G IjL
dCG 50 GM HSG bW J S
e AfG bG ``eh .kej e e
IjG G g JCJh .2015 Y N
G G`````SG EG ``c````dG ````S Q`` `WEG
We I``j``G ````G `````Sh .``` d``G

G Y M H M SG bh
kFe k``V``Y d dG FdG
``````G G``` ` ` ` G ``d``N `` e ``V``` ` ` SG
M gJ ```dG dG ````dG ``jQ````
J fCG cCG dGh e a d
.G ie Y kGJ jQG cCG e
kGc kWT b cdG CG EG Ge
ie Y dG dG jQe J
EG ``c``` ` dG `````J ``` M ,`````e ``` a``
GSG IO``YEG he efH G``gCG
e ,ke VG edG hd kah G
dGh fGdG IdG QYG H NCG
.```a```G `````J `` dG O`````G `````dG
ah dG a H J dch
``` dGh ``c`````d I``` ` ` G ``````F``dG `````d
SJ ``e ``` dG Q````dG ``````S U
dHh ,Qe H dG OY h G
``H````G ``e ``cC` H Q``` ` ` G Q``` ` dG E` ` a
dG cGe Y KDj jdG YVG
FMEG Y Gh d kah VG
.a adG dG dG HGh
Eq ` a ``Y```V``G d k```W `` fq CG ``` VhCGh
eN UJ Y Ik ``g``L J d M
e ```a`` ``j``d `````dG ``` ` dG
fdG EG M ,2020 Y H %80 H
id eG ``` VGQC``H ```U``G ``K```G
fdG GD` ` ` ` dG ``d``ch ,``` ` SEG IQGRh
A````ME`d ``` W``dG ``c``G ``j```J IOQG`` ` dG
dG e JQG cDJ ,dG eGh
Y Ic IOjRh dG GMdGh dG
j e dG dG eN UJ W
dG dG jQe dJ IOjR Y
.gd HG IGh

``g ``e ``f`````SGh ,````G ``g ``L````MG


G N SQ JYSh GQjdG
.zedG jQG jQG g Jh IQGOE
``b ,``` ` ` G ``e``` ` dGh ``` ` ` dG `` ` Mh
```e````gG ``L `` J `````d ```M Eq G ``JG``` dG
M ,``` ` ` G ``` ` ` dGh ``e``` ` dG ``` V``
HGdG Sh FGdG OjEG cdG YT
dGh edG Oe IAc ad NGdG
j ```` ``j``a O`` Lh ``N ``e `````G
Y ``dPh ,G dGh edG hDH
dhGh cdG Xe GdG ie He
fGbh hH cdG jQe edG
````dG ``j``W ``Y `````G `````dGh ``e````dG
.jQhO J H
G dhDG EG JGdG Jh
cdG ``U``M EG G
k ```e ,Q````G ```Y``J
J dG ddG cQG Y
J dGh LQNh e a
b ``f``L EG ,``g```G ``e Ik ```c kGOG`` `YCG
GdG e jdG ``jR``Jh YH cdG
jYJ M Jh YGh jdG
dhDG e ITG GAdG H Jh
`` ` `Y`` WE ``` ` ` e `` ` a`` ` `` ` ` ` ` gCGh
e 13
```````SCG ``` Y O`` ` dGh ``jQ``` ` G ```` ``` Y
.JGQSGh G G Y dG FdG h
k ` F``b ``c````dG J ```dG
j M Eq G
G jQG
``dCG 80 Q``` j ``e `````e ```a``` k` ` d``M
YCH FdG ,JGdG dN SG bh
bdG cdG Jh ,k``e``j e ``e
jQG ``Y kFe kVY jQG ``Y je Y ````J ````a ,`````e ``` 13 `` G
``c``` ` ` d `````````G ``jQ``` ` Gh ``` F``` dG e OYh Ic jM e 7 AH
h gCGH e a ``jh L UG i```dG d IdG G
GSG IO``YEG he EG ``bh ,TH ``jh FdG `````dG ````G `` d Y
jQe ``cCG ``MCG j ```T``H ``j``H ``` G ``g `````J CG `` eD` G ``e `` `fq EG ``` M .k` ` d``M
``dPh e a ```G GSG IO``YEG EG LfEG bdG aQ IjG G
j dG aGG G J Gk f G ```G ``e kej e ``e ``dCG 318
QGhO ``e ``` bG``dG ``W```G d ;OG`` ` `eGh
.G 2025 Y H
dGh ``YEG jeh dG Mh jG aGe IQGOEGh AfEGh jJ cdG Jh
```j```dGh I`` ` dGh `` j`` Gh hQ``` ` dG `` Mh dG i`` NCG ```a```G dG ````dG
jh ,IGh ``Zh fCGh ``G heh bEG jdG IQGRh b ``e QG``J fc
dGh FdG jQd ```LEG dG ``` J ``` e``N IQGRh `` gh ``` G OQG`` ` eh
1270EG J CG bjh ,kGec 816 GM ,Jhe fS ac GP jh 44 bf
Y H G jQG cG H c e jdG AfEH IQGRdG eb M
G G jRJ T EG k aVEG ,2025 T eJ 63 gOY ddG G
J c ,``c143 G``M j
m ```LEG H J ````` G ``` Gh `````dG ``` ` dG ``` e
V Y jdG FdG dG Y k ` YR``e kG`` e ````c 400 G`` M ``` dG``WCG
dG ``Y ``eO``` dG `````dG ````dG ```e dG hG`` Jh dG ```a``
bG eh .G fCG EG ke kGe 30 e G d HSG
G ``` d ```H``````SG ``b``` dG ````J CG fL EG ,ej ke kG``e 7200 EG kej
j ```Sh ,``e``j e ``e ``dCG 140 EG MJEG ``LCG e fCG GH e AfEG
Ik ``Mh 69,096 Y jj e ``HQ Y hG dG ZGdG WGG UdG
dH kYGe ,2018 Y H ICeh k S G QdG Igeh AGG XH
.IG fdG IOjdGh fGdG IdG ```J ``c``` ` dG CG `` ` `YCGh ,`` ` `dG QG`` `e ``` Y
he ee SG QWEG fCG VCGh
G HG ``e``G jJh
TH jh ec H G SG IOYEG eG g EG G L k J dPh
jQG e L J d M YT MS QG```c ``d````cG ```H h````G `````Sh
YEG jeh dG he OSEG N e WdG dH MG N dG d
e A``` ` fG ``b```j `` dGh 2012 `` Y
.HQCGh eG
jQG H OSEG Sh ,2014 Y N
IjL J N
J d M Cq G ```VhCGh .dG jf
k
e e AfEG dG Y dM YCH FdG ,JGdG L SG bh
J Sh IG dG dG M J c ```UCG IQGOEG ``Y je
dG ``jQ````U ``` M S ``` IOYEH J cdG CG Ve cdG N
J ```N ``` Vhh N ``e ``cC` ` dG
J ``e ``X UN GS 3 ``c I``j``L
e dG `````Y Q````J ``e dG
c ,i``NCG Mf e dG dGh Mf
G ``Y ````U````dG ````H ``JG``` dG ``V``Y
.2013 Y Vh dG FdG
Y `` aGh ``b``G AGQR`` `dG EG `` bh
dG jQeh UCG L OSEGh j
Jh ,zd ```M{ EG dH dG
eeh eT N OGYEG Y kdM cdG
,OdG Gg eG LJ J LCG e
```UCG ````L ````S``H ``c````dG `````S ```M
kSQ dH dG dG jQeh
H G OQGeh bEG jdG IQGRh e
`` jCG IQGR`` `dG ``e ```b```JG ```Y ```b```dG
IjY GQjH b{ ke ,eOdG dG
jQGh dG dG H EG
Y b Y bdG LCG e dPh ,jdH

ObG

2014 fj 12 aGG `g1435 T e 14 G

Ie Y H J dBG zadG{ e j zdG OG{ AGHEG YdGh IQdG IQGOEH LGG SG Yb SJ


jDhdG - e

k `` `` ` bEG I``` V``` G ``` ` Th


e G`
k ` ` `c
H QG``Gh TdG OJ i``Lh ,dG
jdG ``W ``N ``e ```V```Gh ````dG
N QGO dG VGG M SCG e
gT ``c````dG ```Y i`` HCGh .I```V```G
dhG OG Y d dG Od
eh ```M ``e ```d `` ````dG ```Y``J
.LGh e Y

cdG bd IdG cT
GQdGh dG ``f``b ```MCG H ``M
H Sj IVG b ,d G jQGRdG
.OH fb MH SdG N
:gCG ;a IY EG IVG bJh
fh dG YSh dG Yh Q``LCG
Jh ``H````dGh ``YR``` Gh ``````dG
.fLCGh WGG T

Ff UhG L H SEG H
e dG ````d ``` dG O`` G ````FQ
FQ Ff L BG VQ SG
N dBG ,Y YUh IQ aZ IQGOEG
IjY QH ``dPh ,Ie Y H
``` ` FQh h``` ` ` dG `` eCG `````T```dG
ffdG MdG `` MCGh edG ICG`` G
.OH
K ``eh dH FdG ``F``f ``MQh
h O`` G ``Y I I```f `q ` b
jQdG eGdGh ebCGh fh JQGOEG
G e hdH gJ EG j dG
c ,dG GP dhdGh G Gh
dG ```G T hdG S bf
.Ieh HPL Y H N EG J
adG ````FQ ``F``f ``` J ,```f``L ``e
HJ ```dG I``` G ``b```dG ``Y jd
,YLG AcT fc OH adG
fd ``a``` dG OG``` ` ` SG ``Y `` ` YCGh
cG `````````dG GQ`` j`` dG ``j`````d
fGG ``` ` H EG G`
k `` ` e ,``c``` ` ` d
XdG AGOCG jJ e ad jQGOEG
jQd ````````e ``c``` T G``` ` ` SGh
.XG
d dG OG f ,iNCG L e
d jYJ IV ,```eCG ,dG

QGUEG ````e ;`` e`` G ``e ``j``` dG


jJh gjh jQdG dG
AG`` LEGh ,A`` ` dEGh ``a``` VEG ``e ```J``f```H
H QG`` ` `UEGh ,`` eR`` dG G``j``` ` dG
jOdG ````NG``dG QG``` UEGh ``b```dG
HG GOT QG```UEGh ,dG
dGh ``` ` j``` Gh ``` ` UG``` ` d
.YdG NdGh

5 IQGOEG ````Jh .```````Gh ``L``` dG


e IO``` ` ` S``d (G`` `f`` `c) ``a``` e
bh .IQGR`` dG eJ dG ``e``G
IQGOEG je SGdG H N
T ```a``` ``Y`````dGh IQ``` ` dG
d J IQGOEG EG AGHEH bdG
jd ``jQ``` ` dG `` `e`` `G
IQGOEG ``` J ``` M ;``` ` ` Sh ``` ` aC` H

jDhdG -AGHEG
YdGh IQ`` ` ` `dG IQGOEG ``e``b
AG`` `HEG ```b````dG ``` ` T ```a```
,LGG ``` ` ` ` SG ``Y``b ````S```H
SGh eG REG YS H
LGG e G GAGLEG
Lj dG GAG`` LEGh ,jQdG

cdG JGd zf{ J e fdG MG TJ zedG idG{ edG idG IQGRH zTJdG{M jQJ efH NG

Y ``` ` ` SG ``e``N OG`` aC` `dh ,``U``G


SG eN dh ,e NJ
edG ``H``Jh .G bH UJ ``Y
QNCG NBG Y WG d fCG
dG ``` ` dG ``f``b ````U```Jh IQGR`` ` dG
jQGRdG FGdGh GQGdGh eG dOh
Gb ``V``Y EG ``a``` VE``H ,``` ` b``` Gh
d H YLG UGdG
.jh dS H IQGRdG e UGdG
eG Y hDG jdG qCG EG Qj
UGj cdG JGdG ``N ``e eG
eG O`` Y IO`` `jRh ``j```J ```Y ````dG
N j Sh ,JdG N e eG
AGS eG e OY aVEG G jCG
.dG UCG hCG Y Y Md

jDhdG - e

jDhdG -e

fdG MG ,edG idG IQGRh TO


e ```Y ```aQ h ,z``` ` f{ J ``e
,ed Me ``H M ;z``a BG{
Y ``d hCG ```M``G ```T``J ```H `` dPh
gh ,```V``G ``SQ``e z``jhQ``fBG{ e
Y ``` e``` dG i`` ` `dG IQGR`` ` `d `````J hCG
Y ``j``a `` bh .``` c``dG ``JG``` dG I``` LCG
NGO dG Hh H dG
M ,jd eh I jH
dG ``e``G ```Y ````G ```d j
bh .eh e SCH H Zj
b FQ edG S H M H FGQ
IYGe ``{ :IQGR``d``H ``f``fEG J
IQGRdG eJ ```dG ``e``G ``a``c O``Lh
J ```H ,dG jd
e Jh G GAG``LEG Jh
Gh Y Y MdGh dG UCG
bdGh ``` G ``` ```j```H OG`` ` `aCGh
eG H e CG edG VCGh .zke
:dG UC zf{ J ej dG
Y SGh ,NGdG Y SG
G (IaGdG ,WdG) edG idG
,dG f ``Y Q```````SGh ,IC``````H
aQGh G bdG Y ``WGh
H ,IC````G ``d``M ``a```eh ,A``` ` fG ```Y
.cG
eN ,Y Y Md dG jh
dH IZdG dG Ua Y WG

(TJa `` HhOCG) jQdG ``e``f``dG edG i```dG IQGRh NG


eGH J G ``cG``G ``MCG e hdH IQGR``dG Jf ``dG
J edG e Xe 20 efdH QTh.BG SG
gCJ geh G jQdG cGeh dG dH dG FSdG
TJdG jGe gCH cQG jJ EG efdG jh .jOdG
J JCjh .dG J efdG Gg GhOCG GSG N e
Xe gCJh jQH IQGR``dG gG V efdG G``g
dGh dG GQG e jdG HcEGh JGQe d JYb
.dEG cG dG LGhh e jOCJ YH J dG

zY J{`H QdG SCG cQG J ze S{


jObGh ``jQ``` ` dG ``` ` ` ` ` Gh
GQGUEG ````Hh jdG `````dGh
.FG dG
e kG``` k ``` bEG ````dG ```L Th
dGh ``` H ``````dG `````dG ````W
e SGh jT EG aVEH ,IQhG
YCG IQGOEGh SdG J W
G ``e O``Yh ``e````G Jh
jH ``` ` gCGh ``` e``` G ``` ` ` SD` G
-QGh`` `dG GQ``` ```` SG ``````Jh .`` Y
Q``````SG c -``e``j i``e ```Y
GhOCG Y dGh dG GQhCG S
UG ``` ` ` ` ` Gh ``jQ``` ` ` ` SG
QSG dH OTSGh G GSCH
.LdG

TdG -e
dG GQhC` d e S NG
SCG ``` d``` a ````cQ````e ``` eCG
dG `````dG f ``` dG Q``` ` dG
SDG ``e O`` Y ``cQ``` ` ,``` H
.gCGh eG
e `` ` `` ` ` bEG `` `` ` ` ` dG `` ` ` cQ `` `` ` ` ` Th
Ia ``` Y G``a``` J ``` M ;QGh`` ` ` dG ``` b
UdGh dG GQhCG H QSG
OY ``jR``J h ,``M``` G ``jQ``` ` ` ` SG
H ```U``G ``j``Y```dG ``````dG ``e
id `` jQ`` NOGh ``jQ``````SG ``a````dG
aVEH ```dG dG W ``` ShCG
gH ````````G GQG`` `` ` UEG EG

dG b be YCG UCG e Vj zadG{ a


jDhdG -e

dPh ,JeN jJh J gjh ,ObG


G ac ``e edG Qh``dGh h````dGh dH
b CG ``` VCGh .``U``Gh ``` dG YdH G
,UG d IaGdG YdG e dGh dG
gfjh jQdG cdGh SDG YH gjh
eG Jh ``gQhO R``J e gDe QOG```H
YGJ e N ah jQe QJh aCG
.JGeh dG H

bh dG S Mh e a hX YGJ
If adG GdWh .aG SDG OG``jEG
JY ```d``Jh aH ``c````dGh `````SD`G QhO
.edG idG IQGRh e TG dH
FQ FdG eR H eM b ,fL e
dG EG e a ``a```dG ``a IQGOEG
eCG bG dJ Y ```dBGh dG H S
dH A``` JQG ``fC``T ``e ``e ``ch ,``U``G ````dG

G OdG e OdGh eGdG


QX IQ`fi FS H
MCG Qh``Hh ,``N``G ``Z dG OG````SGh H j
QG H b dG G EG GQhCG A``YOG
.dEG
H FGHG G QUCG ,e S h
G jM IQGOEG dMCG iYO FGG IFGdG
,G fGOEH jQ SDe V kM bdG H
G GHEH G G Y dhDG cdG GdEGh
UGGh RG``` dG ```M ``e I``j``L i`` NCG IQ`````H
J dG idG Fbh OJh .jQH eGdEGh
EG G j edG dG EG G H
Qhe ``eh ```L````e ```c``e AG````H ```````G ``` b
G A````fG ```c``G Y ``M ``b``dG
cdG b eh G Y UNh gS AKCG
GOLe X dG CG EG Ge IY dG UEH
GT dMEG W EG G VG dG eCG cG
.QcG M QUCG dGh FdG G EG

jDhdG -dU
I`` `FG`` `dG) ``d``` ` H `` ` `FG`` ` `HG ``` ` ` G ``` ` b
G jM fb d e fGOEH (FGG
.OdG e OW e jQ 1900 H
M ee OQh eY dG UJ OJh
QG FdG H FGdG OGG MCG b
eG ``cPh ,NG Z dG H dch H
a jh YG dG ANEH j edG CG
Z ````dG ````j ```c ,````e ``e````j ``j``dG ``F``H```d
IQGOE`` H G ``b ````Yh ,````dG Qd ``N``G
eG cCG dG SG Lh G bG
q Y AHh ,dG d edG JQGh IOQG``dG

GQhCG j h ,dM ffdG GAG``LEG PJG


G jM ``f``b d H ```dG A``YO``d
dG 2010/38 ``bQ QGR`` dG QG```dG d ``d``ch

a ``` Y ``Y``` ` Uh IQ`` ` ``a``Z `` a ``` Y


,e a ```YCG ````UCG ``e Ak ```d ,e
dPh ,aG dG H jh be b
.N adG
-FdG `` eR ``` ``H ``e``M A``` ` dG `` SCG`` Jh
,e ```a``` ``a``` dG `` a IQGOEG ```` ````FQ
RGh adG IQGOEG AYCG QHh
q h .``` d``H ``````dG
VY ``` J A``` ` dG `` N
adG ``a ``g```UQ ```dG Qh``` Gh ````dG ``Y ``F``e
UCG b Jh UGJ ``N e
H VdG ``bh . ```YCG MUh
.e a adG a je Ff dG TGQ
bG Y YCG UCG j QG SGh
,dG b UG dG LGJ dG HdGh
Gc Y fCH YCG UCG Uh dGh
H EG G``d``bh .eH A```JQGh ```YCG jJ
dGh dG H UG GAG``LEGh GQGdG

ObG

2014 fj 12 aGG `g 1435 T e 14 G

QNCG

ObG hdG jJ djEG aZ FQ e j edG


G HcCG ehQ `a Y MS Ve ebEG Y JG
fdG dH Gc egG g q EG M
``g``q `h `````G G`` ` SCG ``e````e ````f```
```F````G ``e ``` ` dGh QG``` ` ` SGh ````d``H
HPL H h FSG ```dG
.QSd
IQ`` `` a`` Z ``` ` FQ `` F`` f `` `b ``` ` L `` e
J A````dG q EG G ``CG ```Y YUh
``b```dG ``j````H ````U GP ``e``g ``j````b EG
J Y adG UM X jObG
,dG IQdG M ``aQ h G dG
e ````dG ``` `````G ```M``G q CG :`` ` VCGh
G ObG dG edG G
``dG jOdG dG i````Gh H
U d ```j `` dGh `` jCG ``g Jda
.jdG H bdG

OdG QL eh jQSG jQe ebE


.dG IQdG d YdG
Gk ```e ``c A````dG q CG ``e````dG S `` cCGh
``LCG ``e QG``G dOe Zd J A``Lh
be ``fq CG EG G
k e ,aCG Z
ee h ````G ````gG GP ``j`````dG
``` ` ` SD` G ``j``` Jh Q``` ` dG O``` ` dG `````J
QdGh G``G OJh SGh IdG
q fq CG EG a
ce f Lh EG UdG
````dG ``WQ``N ```S``d ``` f I`` Y ```Y ``` JGh
``a```dG ``d````e ``` j `` `````G ```M````d
.jdG ObG Yjh
fDhd ``c { :Fb jM edG NGh
``Y``` ` ` dGh IQ`` ` `` `dG `` `Z O`` ` G ``` ` FQ `` e
``bh Oh`` G ``` HCG EG `` k``L``f ```d```jEG

bdG J IcCG ZQ djEG id


fq j ``e G``gh ``MQCG ``aBG EG H ```U``dGh
```Yh O`` a`` dG O`` ` `Jh ``` UG``` dG `` e ``j``` ` d
.G cG GDGh G
IQ````dG ``Z O`` G ````FQ `` cq CG ```f``L ``e
RGYG Y AdG ``N djEG YdGh
IQ aH g HJ dG IWdG bdH
H ``dG ```a``dG i```````Hh ```Y ``Y````Uh
q HjEG Ff e eh FdG bdG
```UG```G ````dG ``bG``dG `` VQCG ```Y ````
````G Q``````SG ``d``ch Q``` ` dG O`````d
fdG ``c````dG ``H ```UG```dG ``e ````dGh
jEG dG UM EG Ge .q djEGh
dG ``e jObG ``b```dG J Y
``M bCG EG H ```U``dGh gjJh

XG GQe d G HdG ge OGYEG M Y M J zedG idG{

jDhdG - e
```Y ``Y``` ` Uh IQ`` ` ``a``Z ``` ` FQ ``` ` dG
IQdG Z OG FH edG S IOS
ehH OG e dPh ,djEG YdGh
IOS djEH G dG S QH
adG FQ Ffh YH S MCG QcdG
IQ`` `` ah IQ`` `jR ````V `` dPh `````G `` CG
````dG i````G ``cQ``````d ``` Y ``Y````Uh
J Y adG JG bh ,hCG jOdG
G ``H``` cCG `` ehQ ```Y ``M````S ``V```e
djEG cd Ve J EG aVEH
``LQ ``M Y ``` JG EG ``a```VEG ,e
``U``` dG ``` ` ` SG ``` Y ``j``` ` dG `` ` `YCG
MG ``aG``Gh djEGh dG IaG

eG dG dG J `a cQ dG J
jDhdG - e

jDhdG -e

G d G HdG ge ZUh OG``YEG


ITB b e G G OG``YEG dO ``ah MhG
ce b e Gh eG G jG e Gh
ge OGYEG QG Jh ,G GQNGh jG
FdG AG``G e c YJ N e ,G HdG
IQGR`` dG ``e ``cQ````G A````YC Gh ```TQ``dG J Y
IQOb ee e g SSCG M Vh Y SCG
LMGh dhO je ah J L OG``YEG Y
.dG S eh

jQdG ge jJ ``M dG TQh G jQd


H ``MCG ``e h````d``Hh ````G ```H``dG ``e``f``d ````G
H eH `` CG ITB e ``````dG I``G
fj 11-1 e IdG N TQdG g Y dh
GY 75 a QT G q CG VCGh .IQGRdG Y GjO
13 ``gO``Y ````j ``` dGh dG ````dG ``e G``` Nh
G jG ah G HdG ge OG``YEG q h ,
.dG S eh LMG ah YCG dGh eG
M e I``L``G G``gCG M dG M q CG ```VhCGh

edG jjH edG i```dG IQGRh NG


G ```H``dG ``g```e OG`` YEG ```Y M ````G ``jQ````d
dGh ,jOdG gCJ geh G ``jQ```dG ``cG``
AYCGh A```SDhQ QH ,IQGR`` dG ``Y G``jO bCG
.dG dG
jd IQGR`` ` dG ````S Q`` `WEG ````dG ````M ``JC` Jh
GQbh GQe jJh jdG gOQGe d G
``g ```e J ``N ``e ````G ```H``dG ``g```e ```e
``g```eh ``cG``e ```e```dG ``` X``G ```` ``` ` G
U EG ````G ```J ```c .```e```G ````G ``jQ```dG
eG i VdG H ,dG XG Qe
cQG ``jh``J EG G Sh ,IQGR`` dG eJ dG
G d G HdG ge OG``YEG GQ```
ITB{ b e G gG OG``YEG dO ``ah MhG
ce b e Gh eG G jG e Gh
HQ EG aVEH ,IQGR``d``H G GQ````NGh jG
ge ```J ````H ``````dG ``MG``eh ``L``` ``g```G
a ``H ``L``M ``b ,```f``L ``e .k` ` dhOh k``` Ie
e J ````G q EG ````G ``jQ```dG ``Y ``j``e TdG
jQdGh dG jJ Y edG idG IQGRh S
``e```dG ``j``j``G ``e``bCG `` bh ,``````G ``J``f``` ````G

dCJ IQGR`` dG q CG I``cD`e ,``e```dG dGh AG```dG


.SCG IOL V YdG J Gk L
Ihd edG jjG q EG Fb jdG HJh
f WdG Lh T a dG
GA````dGh dG G```V`````c ``jO``` TQEG ```d```a
````SCG ```b``fh ``jO`````dG ``j````d ,``jO``` TQEG
I```G `` g ``e ``H``` jEG ``F```d``H ````````Gh
IFdG ``jO``G MdG e dch kFGZh kU
c bh SCG beh FHh jOdG Y
``a```H ``````dG ``` ` dG ``e ``j```````G h``` ` d
c QhO ``jO```TQEG O```G J ``e FGT
.dGh G hG Gg EG
dG jS H SH SG b ,fL e
Ih```d ``e```dG ``j``j````H S `````J ``F````NCG
Yh WdG Lh T a dG
kaGL j hG EG hH dG ja
ah WdG ```Lh T a ``j``dG
MJ h````G q CG ```VCGh .O`` eR efH
e GA``` dh G``` V`` `````J ``jO``` TQEG ```d```a

jDhdG - e

jDhdG -QU

```d```SCG ``j```J h``` ` ````dG ``j``a ```f


a ``` ` SCG ``j````Jh ```M `````G
k ``f``H ,``` W``` dG ``` Lh ``` ` T
``M ``jk ``Y``J ``
d fGG IQjdG N ``dPh ,hG qgCG
.WdG T a UT jH SCG
Gh jOdG YJ EG IQ``j``dG ``a``gh
Y `````d ``` ` dG G``` ` ` SG ``` j``Wh ``` ` gC` H
Y dH Oj ,``WCG Id SCG IO``L
IQGRh ``` ` Jh .`` b`` dG ````f ``F``` dGh ```````G
edG jjG ,dG Ih``dGh YGQdG
,WdG Lh T a dG Ihd
Od dG OTQEd efH J q h .hG
,jdH SCG FHh aG jOdG e
GS FGdGh dG gCG VJ H
f hCG d VY AKCG SCG M dG
k Gh ,SCG f GQS Y
jOU M jC
JMQ N jOd dH SCG M
.dG d
dG gX H AT SG ````VhCGh
Ih```d ``e```dG ``j``j````H S J ```F````NCG
Y WdG ```Lh T a dG
V ``JC`J I```G ``g CG hH dG ``j``a
jJh M G dSCG jJ he
G``` ` ` SG ``` ` gC` H ``jO``` ` ` dG ``` Y``` d `` ` ` SCG
L ej H dG aJ j M ;dG
jOd WdG Lh T a GSCG
SCG jJh f GQS UCGh aG
j hG q EG dbh .SCG GSCH Gh
UY Y aGh dG G IOL aQ EG
hX H ,dH HUEG QNCG e FGdG
dch ,IQG`` G ``LQO ```JQG G dG
``g````j `` ,d ````U ````e ``` J
eSh SCG IOL V je Y aG

``j``j````H ```` ```e```dG i``` dG IQGRh ``` UG``J


FGdG S bdG H edG id edG
Y Y Md UG dG ZGT OjEG
gdG S H e Yh .aG WGe e
bdG L a edG i```dG ``Y je
Y ``Y ``j``e G``` M `` HCG ``` VQ ``e ``Yk ````LG
XG hD``T ``j``eh HdG dGh ``jQ````G
OY QHh ,cdH Gh dhDG e OYh
```VhCGh .``j``j````H dH G ``dhD```G ``e
jjG dJ dG OG cdG gdG
O``` jEG ```b````dG ````H ```e```dG i````d ``e``` dG
OY e SG hdGh Y Y Md ZGT
qgCG ``cCGh .jdG c d f dG cdG e
OjEG Y UG dGh IQGR``dG H hdG
WdG ``LG``dG q EG{ ``bh .```WG````d ```Y ``U``a
Y Y MdG FHC ZGT OjEG Y j
,CdG G``g e UG dG hJ ``N e

`v jQJ fH
``J zR``dGh ``dG{
k
YEG F`Sh `e edG GQe ``M
I``` LCG ``e ```a```H ``e````dG ``cQ``` ` G
``` G ``` ` ` ` dGh ``` ` ` ` G `` ` ` YEG
.eYEG Hd
G`` ` fCG ``` ` jQ``` dG IQh`` ` `dG ``` s ` ` ` Jh
`` YG ``F``` Sh I``F``` ` dG ``H``` G
``` YG``fC` H `` H`` ` `G `` `M ``` ` ` ` Jh
``H h`` ` `dG ``` Y `` ` `` `dGh ,``` ` ` ` G
``j``` ` ` ` dGh `` ` jOG`` ` `dG `` `H`` `` ` G
Hd SSCG YGdGh dGh
Y dG efdG s Jh .IQG
``YG ``F``` Sh ``e ``e````dG ``` b``NCG
```Y ``` ` ` dG ``` ` ` ch ,`` ` YG`` ` fCG ``a``` H
s J c ,``YEG IQG G
CG j dGh ,M J efdG
e ;```a```Kh k`j```d ``cQ````G j
YEG FSh LGe e dG LCG
.dah Kh ICGH

d ``FG``dG G ,```M``dG Uf
QcdG e ``e ,IG CG i``d
O````d `` ` dG `` ` eCG `` jQ`` J h`` ` M
.jJh T IOT Jd hdG
Y M dG Q````J ```c
````dG ``FG``` H I``F``` dG ``jQ``` ` G `` M
q` b ``` M ,``e``` ` G ````` ``` ``` dG
cG ``Y je dG Q``H SG

bdG H Y Y MdG XJ OL UGJ zedG idG{

SCG jJh M dSCG jJ h YJ efH

Q``` G ```f EG ``` J h``` ` G ``e ``j```````G


```F``Hh ```b``fh ```a``G ``jO``````d ``e``` ` Gh
FGdGh dG ````gC``H jJh ````SCG
````SCG IO`` L ````V ``````e ```Y ```a`````d
ke FdGh d J dG HjEGh
Se IO``L GPh ``LR``W ````SCG Y ````G
.Fd OG FdG JQGh d
dG Ih```d ``e```dG ``j``j``G q CG EG Q````j
H ``` J ```W```dG ``` Lh ````T ````a```
jJh M G dSCG jJ he
,WdG Lh T a jh SCG
aJh dG Gh SCG IOL aQ H
.d dG G
I``Mh HS ``bh C```fCG ``b ``j``j``G ``f``ch
````T ``` a``` ``U``` ` T `` `jh ``` ` dG `` ` `fE
Je ``q `L```fE`Hh G``` G `` MCG ``ah ,```W```dG
FHh bfh kaM OU 500 jT e j
eGH V fk dH gjhJ jh ,SCG
.dG IhdGh YGQdG IQGRd dG YdG

M VY JeG ed WdG
``j```G `` dG GR`` EG
Q````Jh .``` ` JGh ``e````G J
``M````G ``V``` G ````k ` jCG ```````dG
;bdG ```Y H i````G ``` YC
dG OH jd dPh
RHCG Y AdG Jh eG J
.fG Gg IFGdG fdG jQG

dG cQe dG UGJ
``HG``dG ````d ``e````G ``````dG
H ```S Q```c``dG ```S``F``H ````SQ ``a``H
``````dG ``` ` F``dG ``` jR``dG ``` ` ` S
e O``Yh eG J d
Yh .dG eG SDG
iG YCG eg Y dG adG
h``` M Q``` c``dG ``` e `` e ``Yk ``` ` LG
h`` `dG O`` `` d `` ` `dG `` ` eCG `` jQ`` J
q ``` ` J``d
O```L ````b```e ``d``N
J ```b ``j```J `` dG
S eh JGh eG
,2015 ``Y H ``eO```dG GdG ``N
SDG H hdG LhCG H c
J ```b jH G ```e```G
e dG ``` ` JGh ``e````G
.Jd hdG OG
```e `` `` ` bCG ``` ` ` ` SG `` ` M h
```J ``` ` J``d h`` `dG O`` `G
``G `````J ````cG````d ```````dG
``````dG d i`````G ```a``dG
H G Y IOS J M ,eG

jDhdG -e
dG IQGRh Y GjH ,eCG ,NG
GQ`` ` `e{ ``` jQ``` dG ``e``f``dG ,R`` ` ` dGh
`` `dGh ,z`` ` ` YG ``F``` Sh `` e ``e``` ` dG
IO``` ` S ``cQ``` ` `` ` `jCG ``K``` d ``` ` ` SG
dG ``j``eh IQGR`` dG ```ch SG
``HGhQ ce e hdH ,jQGh
```V```G `` N ``e ;``` ` ` G ``j`````d
I`` j`` G `` c`` e `` `e `` ` `` `j`` c `` ` `
.jdGh jQd eYG
``` ` dG ``` ` ` J EG IQh`` ` ` dG `` a`` gh
SCH jdGh ,JGhOCGh YEG FSH
`` ` YEG ``F``` Sh `` e ``e``` ` dG `` YG`` bh
jd ``j``G GQ``` e ````` cGh
``H```G ``` ` SCGh ``a`````dGh `` jOG`` dGh
``` ` cEG ``` M `` e ``````G ``` ` ` d``` SCGh

HG AGLEH cdG e d Se
.jjG TJ S
jd cdG q CG EG GM ``HCG QTCG ,fL e
jQG e OY H kdM Jh ,d N
```Y ``U``a O`` ` `jEG ``` ` ` Y ``` ` ` j `` ```````d``H
ZGdG ``e O``Y jd cdG q EG c ,fd
AHCG eEHh ,e a Y Y Md
a dG ZGdG bdG L a
.MhG FXd dG e

JJ CG ``eC` fh ,``dP kG```c k`W```T b ``bh


`````dGh ``SQG``G ``e ``L``` G ``````S O``` G
.eOdG MG dG Y fh a f dGh
dG JQGL WdG edG idG KCG bh
cd ````T ````g``dG `` bh .z`` U`` G ``` ` dG
jdG HSG Y HdG dGh jQG
AHCG e Y Y Md ZGdG e OY aJ
jjH LdGh dG b Sh .G
Ye ``j``h Y ``Y MdG ``e O``Y TH

G `dG AGOCG ``bj QH z`adG{ a


e c Gh aH G
h ``Y`````dG ```h ``e``G ```
I`````dG ``` ` ` SD` G ``` h ``M``` ` ` dG
Q``` ` dG ``j``` ` dG ``` h ``` ` S``` Gh
EG LG Jh .dG e gZh
J M ShQe N Vh IQhV
dG dd ILG iDhdG EG adG
.aH ObG
``` ` FQ ``` ` T `` ` `` `LG `` j`` ` f h
L a adG a IQGOEG
dhG O```G Y A````YCG bdG
.dGh adG d ke

jDhdG - QU
IQ`` ``a``Z ``a IQGOEG ```` ```Y
bdG L a Y YUh
```S``F``H ``` eCG ````U ``Y````LG Q``` U
FQ ````SG``dG S ``H O```M `````dG
eCGh aH adG a IQGOEG
A``` ` YCG Q`````Hh ``a```dG ````dG
.IQGOEG
LQG dG L G bfh
O``` ` YG q ``` M ;`` ` ` ` `YCG h`` ` L
dG O````YG ``d``ch ,``H````dG G

k fH J zSGh IdG SDG J{


QU `a YCG IOjQ M k jQJ
IA``` ` H ``` ` ` ` ` ` ` Gh ``` d``G ``` ` jQ``` ` e
dG M eQ QcdG OTCGh .dah
jdG cQH ,efdG eh e ,H
gG e jG ae H GcQT
.jQdG fCGh
``` `` H ``` M``dG``` Y `` e `` c `` ` bh
``````dG G`` ` Y ``` H ``````Th `` H`` G
Y ````j```J I``` f ``e``f``dG ``cQ``` ` G
G`` gCG ````V``e ,````````G `````Yh````e
YCGh .dG GN e JLh hG
YO Y Gj CG eCG Y cQG
J ``U``Gh ```dG YdG ``e ``c
Q`` ` `aCGh ``jQ``````d ``` j ``` M ,`` ` gQ`` eCG
dG GG dG b e eG
.aGh
Qe H N b ,efdG N h
``j```M ````g IQGOEG ``j``e ````` dG `` G
``YGQ ,```b````dG ``` L ```a``` ```````G
.cQd GOdG H ,ddG

dG M -QU

YLGh jObG cd ```G


OfG IQh```V EG Q```TCGh .e dGh
jhJ ``LCG e jQdG eGdG g e
eRdG QGh GQG cQG cGh
IQGOEG ``e dG ``LCG ``e ``` YCG IO``jQ

AG``` S `` ` `dG hO `` e ``` c C` `` `T ``` fC` ` T


IOjQ e dh ,edG hCG eG
````j``dhCG ````V ``e ``G ``` ` dGh ``` YCG
dGh ,WdG ObG QhO jJ LCG e
Vh I``Y````G ````jCG QhO ```d `````S

SDG d edG dG NG
```jQ```dG ``e``f``dG ``` ` S``` Gh I``` ` ` dG
hdH f ``dGh ,```YCG IO``jQ ``M
,``jQ``` dG ``e`` `````j``c ``c```T ``e
Y YUh IQ aH GVG Yb
.QU bdG L a
`````dG ``` jQ``` dG ``e``f``dG ``` ` ` SGh
`` ` `YCG `` ` M`` ` Uh `` ` `` `UCG `` H`` ` `` `dGh
YQh .Q`` AfEG hj jdG
Q``` e ``H `````N ``e``f``dG ``` N ```d```a
``j```M ````g IQGOEG ``j``e ````` dG `` G
QHh ,bdG L a G
J I``FGO ``j``e dG Q```e ``H Uf
IQdG IQGRH SGh IdG SDG
e ``e `` `fEG ``` ` dG `` `bh .``Y``` ` ` dGh
I``` ` T``dG ``e``` G ``` d``J `` `dG ``` ` gG
SGh IdG SDG b d

ObG

2014 fj 12 aGG `g1435 T e 14 G

jRGdG dG SCc jQe QM FGH jFd dG cGJ J zfY{

VdG ``e `` jRG`` dG EG ```M``H ``j``F``` dG


Ma `` `Y ,(z`` ` ` ` ` HQGh `` ` `{ `` ` ` jh`` dG
QMh ,``G b e jfG Ig
jQG i`` MEG G`` ` LhQhGh G``` EG IGQ``` e
.HGdG YG jdG
fcH) HY H VQ IFdG HCGh
gdh M H JOS Y ,(G
jQe iMEG Igeh jRGdG EG gdG
.djfG AG``L``H SGh dG SCc
He cQT{ :IFG J H dbh
dGh `` dh ```M d z`` `HQGh `` {
R`` aCG CG ``b``JCG CG ``ZQ ``jRG``dG EG
.zHG

eG ``e G``j``e hRhCG ``b``H ``c``` ` e


G ``` ` jh``dG `` Vh`` ` `dGh ``` ` Y``` ` dG
H h ,dGh G GMCH
.zfY e eGSG
jhdG ``V``` dG h``F``` dG ``` Uhh
fS Ua fCH VhdG g dG SCd
QJ d dG SCc dah GMCG Ig
T J H S fCGh ,i``NCG Ie
dG MCG H Gh``e `s `Yh ..```dG IH
Y dG Id hRhCG He FdG
QMh ``jRG``dG G MH R```H JOS
.dG ie Y VjQ cCG G
`` `MCG) `` `H`` `G ``` ` ` S `` H ``d``` U `s ` ` Yh

jQe QMh ,jRGdG EG MH UG


,ce b e Gc bEG ,dG SCc
UN ,``` ah ``H```jEG H e G```Y```Jh
YG ``dG dG Id hRhCG `` He
VGaG dCd Yf e ``cCG ``G
HG cQG OY AGS ;dG
HG H e dG adGh YdG hCG
ebEG ``h ,``jCG I``Y SG dG ,fCG
bh ,S S e ce dG
ceh QG e G
k c GQk M ddG
:G ``j```J hCG ``j``e ``H``Jh .z```f```Y
VhdG ``g ```e ``W ``c````dG J{
UNh ````c````e ``` ``b````G ```H````Gh

e Y Uf eCG g jRGdG e G
fY ``e``b G``d ;c Ua
J J jhdG VhY WEH
eh dG VjdG GMG cQeh
jRGdG EG MH RdGh ad UdG
iMEG QMh ,``j``f``G AG``LC`H SGh
gh ``` HG``dG ``Y````G i``` dG ``jQ``` G
cdG CG GcDe ..GLhQhCGh GEG IGQe
gLGJh ce e YJ Y U
N `` e i`` ` `dG ``` ` V``j``dG G`` ` ` MCG
dG IG ``e``Gh jhdG VhdG
.zdG dh cd cdG eJ
jhdG ``Vh``` dG ````T ``` d{ :`` ` `VCGh

,cdG ``e`` ```eG`````SG ```f `` dPh


Rah YSCG HS Nd gCG dGh
VY EG ``a```VE``H G``g ,``H``F``a ``` HQCG ```H
UG ``` ` VG``aG ``` dC` d hRhCG ``
e `` cCG ```a Q``` Th HdG hRhCG ``b```H
dL H ````a G````a```J ,``c````e 250
ck e 32 ```a```J ``K `` eh ,``` ` G h`` N
SCc EG ``` MQ `` gh i``` dG I`` F`` G ``` Y
dGY BG OT bh .jRGdG dG
ce I``M``H `````G ``j```J hCG ``j``e
EG cdG J{ :fH FdG
Q dG CG T h ,dG J
b `` e `` ` `dG `` SC` `c `` jQ`` ` `e I``g``` ` eh

jDhdG - e
``j``F``` dG ``` f``` Yo ``c``` T r``a``` ` ` ` SG
e ``````TO ``` dG ``` ` jh``dG ``` ` Vh``Y
H Ak MG dPh ;dG SCc S
GEG IGQ`` ` `e Q``` ` M I``c``J ````````Jh
HGdG YG jQe V ,GLhQhCGh
.dG SCc jQe e YG Qhd
VhY `` ` `` `WCG `` `b `` ` f`` ` Y `` `f`` `ch
VY H e dG Ic d jhdG
bH ``c````e ``` `` dG ,z`` ` HQGh `` {
SCc ``jQ``` e Q``` ` M ``` U``a ``` Mh i`` e
;G b e Jg SGh dG

gCd QHG c J zSd fdG WdG{ dG IOL VJ zdGh aG SGQdG{


jYd ```gC```d Q``` ` HG ``c``e EG
LMG hP ``e ``` WCG `` MCG
H J cdG X kah ,UG
id jh .VG GdG ``N
Sd fdG WdG cdG
Y Xe 2100 GM QSGh
H ;```````dG ``` H ```` ``e
edG `` ` `LEG ``e %54 Rh``` ` J
e H YCG f ``gh ,cdH
;G ```G JOM dG J
H dG Y Ljo ``dG ``eCG
G gGh jYdG
.d dG Jh ,fdG G

jDhdG - e
fdG WdG cdG ``es `b
EG jv N Yk J ,QSGh Sd
V ``dPh ;gCd QHG ce
jG d `````dG ````YO
`` `gQhO ``` ` ` J Q`` ` `WEG ,``` ` ` ` ` d``H
G YLG deh
YdG dG eh G
.OdG
H `` ` `eCG ``` ``S``` ` G `` ` `bh
dG FdG ddG e
3500 T H ,``c`````d

jQSG dG LG beh
LG ``N h .O``` ` YGh ``` O``cCG
NGdG dG fCG M jJ J
fj Mh jj e IdG LQGh
jdG H VGSG iLh .QG
d NGdG SdG OYG dBG Y
IQGOEG jJh dG IOL S
Y ``WG EG ``a```VEG ,d ````NG``dG
S T ``e d ```d``G ``H````G
be s c .2014 SQe Mh 2013
kG ;O``` dG ``G ````d dG ``fRG``e
cG ``` ` dG ``` a`` ````` ``` ` a``d
.gOY dG

jDhdG - e
`` `` ` SGQ`` `dG ``` ` c IQGOEG ``` ` `` ` `Y
QhdG YLG ,```eCG ,```d``Gh aG
GM ``H Y SFH ,2014 d ddG
FQ Ff IQGOEG FQ FdG
AYCG Q`````Hh ,````dG ``c``G ````dG
dG IQGRhh QG e G
EG ``a```VEG ,```e```dG i``` dG IQGRhh ``` dG
``dPh ;``` ` LEG Q```e dG Y
GQGb LG VSGh .TH dG
beh ,HdG LG IQGOEG
,OYGh ```b```dG ``` ``` ` LG ````

jQJ eGH J YCG IQGOE d c


WdG ``dGh z``Yo f{ ``je Q``d
k` Y``a 54 ``` ``dG ```o `dG ```W``dG
SSCG ``L``G dG A``` fCG ``a``c
cjh .IOG aGgCG EG Ud d
Xe I``Y``` ` e ``` Y ``` ` G ``e``f``dG
jOdG Jb eGY a Y cdG
MG UdH ``EG EG aVEG ,dG
W `` M ```d ``` eCG ```L```dG ``a``Jh
.IcCGh KGh jH IOdG
`` ` `YCG IQGOE `` ` `d ``` ` c ``s ` ` ` Jh
dG SDG aCG H ``FGO H
`` ` `YCG IQGOEG ``` jQ``J ````````G
ASCG ``e kG`` MGh q ``J ``` fCG ```c ,``` dG
IQGOEG J `` ``ah``` Gh ````SG``dG
;`` `` ` ShCG `` ` `` `dG ``` ` ` e `` ` ` ` `YCG
S b ``HO gce AfEG e ``dPh
e jdG e dG ``g Jh .GS
.ShCG dG e cdG ic
OGh`` dG ```O``cCG ``e f Sh
c jQdG dG AYCG e dG
;eGdG g jQJ YCG IQGOE d
QahdG JH GO``e :H ``e
df ``` j``fh ,```````dG `````dG
GOh ,dG `````dG Q`````ah``dG
,dG `````dG Q`````ah``dG ``H``c
dG QahdG SH G``fGQh
PSCG Q``````dCG ``S``cQ``eh ,```````dG
.YCG IOjQh JGSEG YG

L ``j```J `` LCG ``e `` dPh ;``c``` ` dG ``g


H S jdG YCG IOb e jL
EG ,dG QdG Y aO e
Yb dG e Fg LQO fL
CT ``e{ :G``` aGO ``` VCGh .z`` Gh ``b```dG
HQCG e CGH dG IjG cGdG bY
dG LGJ e jdG Y J CG GYCG
G g CG c ,ShCG dG e
H YT dG dG UGe Y fYS
jdG e BG M IjY GS ie Y
.zdG IFGdG cdG e
G oY f J cT Sh
H j ```dGh ``` fEGh dG ``` YCG
jYd `````dG ``e ``X``e BG 6 ``e `` cCG
H ``dPh ;gGeh jje Qc QJ
QHG Y gMh FGOCG i AJQG
.GHEGh
IQGOEG ````b ``j``e ````M ``H``` T `` `bh
cT ``` X``` dGh ``W``` dGh `` gG`` G
c e cGT Qf{ :Yo f J
e ````Jo ``` dGh ,``` YCG IQGOE ```d
J cT X af dG IOdG
jOdG GQ``` G ``j```J EG .``` Yo ```f
d d dH ````gCG ``j``Z ``eCG
Lf ```dG ``jO````dG GA``` ` dG A```H
.zG
d N
oG efdG Sh
n

jDhdG - e
S fCG ,YCG IQGOE d c YCG
dG ``` ` ` ` dG ```````d ``` G``H ``a``` H
e d ;SGh Y IT cG
KG i``d ,``b```dGh jdG Yb IO``b
.dG cdG ic e
dGh ``` Yo ```f `````J ``c```T ``f``ch
d dG GQ``` NG ``b ,```o `dG ```W``dG
GQG `````J `` eG`` Hh ``````dG ``````dG
SG jG e jjG Qd jOdG
fH ````H dG `````Sh .``` dGh
J ``c````d zIO``` ` dG ``` ` S``` SCG{ ``` ` G
WdG dG hS ``M ,```Yo f
J J efH Y dG e o dG
dG A``` ` YCG `````Sh .k``````N e
J dG iG dG jQdG
jdG be Y cS e GQhO
IQGOEG YCG IO``b LGJ dG MdGh
.edG G
`````bEG ``j``G G``` aGO `` gGQ `` bh
:ShCG dG YCd d c
c dEG UJ dG cGdG bY EG{
J cT e c e ```YCG IQGOE d
J ```o `dG ```W``dG ````dGh ```Yo ```f
dG FdG gGG OQGe Y AdG
e dG EG f fh ,oY S H

RdGh dG jQe IOd ze{ IFL zSdG G{


GH L WdG jFdG EG{ :IFH
LCG ```e j ,`````G h````dG ````
dGh ,dEG IG jQG dS AdG
``````dG ``jQG`````SG `` KCG ``` HCG ```d `````S
.zG
edG Y IFH SdG G Rah
,IjY jQe GdG Y VG edG
zG h ``b```dG{ c ```a h
.zRdGh dG{ bh

.IG HdG GQeEG dhO HO


G `````dG `````S ```Y ``H ````e `` bh
FGL ```Y d AG````S{ :````G Y
If ````S h``` ` e 2013 ``` d IO``` ` d ```e
Vh ``` j ``` S ``dP C ;`````dG `````d
dhG R`` HCG `` MCG ``fQ````Y``H ;````a ````dG R``` jh
```Y``f ``` M ``` J ```````dG `````G
.zGAfEG
dG FQ dShCG ``f``eOEG ``bh

jDhdG - e
iMEG- SdG G cT r````M
```````dG ```S````dG ``c``` T R`` `HCG
-GAfEGh ``j````Gh SdG h``` e
a) z``jQ````G IO````d ```e{ I``F``L ```Y
gQYH ;(R`` `` ` dGh ``` ` dG ``` b ``jQ``` ` e
If S he IFdG WdG cdG
IQeEH bCG M ``dPh ;dG OS

k
u zH jOGQ{
dG SCc jQe Ig UN VhY
j
ahGh FHH MdG G H
IQY gh ,za e S{ SH kGQNG
Y c zMe dCG Fe{ J jdjCG
a ,adG jdjCG dUCG d
e ej ``eh ,``jO``dG AG``LC``H ``` ``Y
e ,J djCG HW GP T WCG
SG ``dG N Y a ,WG
edG ac e G Mh MdGh
.ehCG

HQe ``` ` ` H `` `` ` dG I`` ` c ``` ` ` ` e


Sc ``jQ```e H VjdG JgGh
kVY ``ehCG ```jo ,SG ```Hh .```dG
AKCG J j dG WG Y kUN
jCG d c .jQG Ige
dG GP ``ehCG a bH e IOSG
:e ;GReG IOe bH gh ,aG
ebEGh ,```f`` ```Lh Y ````G I```e
ehCG jh .dH kf gVh d

jDhdG - e
Y ,``` ` ` e-``` H `` ` ` jOGQ ``` a `` ` YCG
dG SCc jQe Ig UN VhY
,z`` ehCG{ ``cQ ``N ``e ;2014 ```dG Id
Ic e ``e jd ``c``e ``H``` ``gh
. dG
-djCG ``H```dG hP- `` `ehCG ``s ```jh
aS SG aGdG AGLCGh AhdH

ObG

2014 fj 12 aGG `g 1435 T e 14 G

10

hO + S

zGL GL eBG{ G `a jdG Be :OGH

bGdG GOGeEG J h LCJ e GQhO 110 ie Rhj zfH{


QdG GTCGh OdG f Ie cCG H LJ dG H
dG Y bGdG dG jRh bh .Wd ceh
eBG OdG L FdG ``G jJ Be EG d
.ej eH e 2^6 GM dG dG EGh GL GL
fCG EG dG fEG We e j dG CG e ZdHh
.```fEG J IQH VdG Q``g``J MG ``e h```G a
jdG ``fh`` CG ```j``eCG h```dG e fH ```XCGh
SCG eH dCG 441 H VfG S IG jdG
``dCG 843 ``gQ``b IO``jR EG J bdG ``f``c ``M ```V``G
.eH
Y G dGh GdG eSEG dhdG J Sh
Hj ``dG ```H``fCG ``Nh .UG je Y IYdG J
``KEG ``SQ``e ```e ````dG ``Y ``b```e ``c``J A```` G``` dG ````T
eG ``H ```J UdG ``U``a qCG d ``` VCGh .J
.UG VdG H OGR OGcCGh jcG

Jj G TDG
`a dG AH DhH
zBG.S.SEG.EG{ TDe
cdG -IgdG
``j````G ```UQ````d `````F``dG ``` TD` G ``` fCG
eH jb Se Y AHQCG eCG eJ
Y GSCG GTD BG.S.SG.G cT HCG
.TdG GSCd Fb V UQdG
f 8708^7 EG H 1^65 TDG Uh
``bh .``jO``` ` dG ``` ` SCG ````e `` ` JQG ``` Sh
dG GQhCG hG``` d e i``d S ``` MCG
GSCd fS LQe TDe e AH
(G``g) ... OdG dG G``L YS TdG
Y Yjh ``f``LCG ee S ``G
b ``` JQG CG ``` VCGh .JGQSG IO`` jR
````dG i`` `bCG ``` ` G CG cDj hG`` ` dG
``N ``` ` dG O``` ` U QG``` ` ` SG ``b``Jh BG
S S edG jHh .G IdG
SG cCG e Wh hdG QdG
Y H 3^55h H 3^12 Gbh TDG Y
``jO```Sh ``j````dG ````SCG OGR ```c .```J``dG
Y jMh g Hh J HLh Lh
bdGh Jd jGh jc Sh
HG .H 7^04 h 0^9 H H Nd
VfG Y jdG jG ````SCG ````ZCG
OG``dG ```Lh H 0^1 egh H 1^8
.H 0^13 SCd

RjhQ -a ,d
GQhO 110 `` a ``f``H ``j`` ``` LBG O``` ` dG Q``` ` SCG ````U
aBG M hG GdG dG QKCG PEG AHQCG eCG ed
jeCG jdG fh VfG a QTCG bh GOGeEG
.ibCG Se W EG
H ,ed QhO 110^18 G S 66 fH OY Uh
jh .H 0^4 Q``b VfG Y HdG G fG G
OY JQGh .YSCG e cCG d ZG YCG d fH
H ed QhO 104^74 G S 39 G jeG G
He QhO 105^06 EG HdG G AKCG b b fc CG
S dGh QhO 105^22 ddG dG Gg d ie YCG e
e e EG G```dG eCG QOe dbh .``SQ``e ``FGhCG
Y GhS jdG dGh G```dG eSEG ``dh``dG J
je GNO SCG Gg bGdG G cCG K UG je

GjEG dG GOQGh IOjR Jh ..WG ObG jd fEG aJ dG


IOSd jh dG G``g fG
d bh . M bCG EG dP e
Y J HS SH G HGO
dG ``NGhCG e G``jEG dG GOQGh
2014 ``e hCG `````dG ``` Mh ``` V``G
OJ ``G e cdG je EG
eh jQdG JLMG Y AH
dG OQJ CG LG eh .fEG
jJ dG c f fjh je
hCG HQCG TCG JOQSG dG
Jje Se ```H ``M ``` dG ``e
``fQ``` e ``` e``j ``` e``H `` ` dCG 620 ``` f
b ```e``j ```e``H `` dCG 550 G`` M ``e
.HdG

```dEG UdG i``L SeHO ```JG


fH GW J He af
e e QOe N cPh .hdG
je IOjR CG dG bh eG
J dG eG HS cT
Qc GOQGh LEG Uh bG e CG
HdGh dG -GjEG dG e
e j e EG -HG jQch dGh
IdG ej eH e 1^3-1^25
H hDe bh .fj EG jj e
cT GOG``eEG N Y e dG
``j``NCG ``e```dG i``e Y jdG
dP ``ch .Jje HS b
a BG ``eCG ...a HdG H

ObG ``cCG d VGe ``jG``H H


IJh CHCH d dG Gg dG
e .dG ``e hCG ``H``dG Gk T 18
Y e QO````e c ,i`` NCG ```L
G``jEG ``G ``e OQS dG CG
HdG ``ZQ ```b P ``e ``cCG ````c
``Y `` `FGhCG G``` W ```Y ```V``a ``` dG
``H``` ` ` S `` j`` ` ` e IO`` ` ` jR `` `e 2012
bh .SBG jdG cT i``c
G`````dG i`` e ```Y ```H```dG ``H``` ` dG
G`` jEG ``G T ````V``G dG
gObG bYh dG ``e ``bCG EG
GOG`` ` `jEG ``a``J ``` Y ``` G ```````H
Y ``H````dG ``g ````Nh .``````dG

RjhQ -H
fG EG dG dG IQGRh db
dH ``fQ```e ,``j``e `````H 24^6 ```b
eG OL R``j ``dG ``eCG HdG
.WG ObG jd
je ``G ```fEG ```LEG ```JQGh
Qe 208^75) G`` j ````j``J 1^3 EG
``gQ``b IO`` `jR ``e I``` H Q``````d (QhO
e hCG `` ` `HQCG ````TC`d `````H 9^6
eG ```fEG EG IQGR`` dG ``d``bh .```dG
fQe ``j``e H 15^8 OGR ``j``c``G
eG fEG b H HdG dH
```fEG IO``jR ``JC`Jh .H 26^9 G

zjhGdG{ EG dG dG j CGJh ..dG IOY M zjS {G fEG IOjd Ie d


``HhCG LG d CG jdG
.jd e JGQOU CG M
d e GH dR e VCG d
.HhCG f GY dR eh
EG dG ``b ,e S h
dG ```L```fEG ``j`` CG`` H O`` H
``Z ``jhG``dG Ie EG ````dG
d ``j```M Ie ``gh ,O``` dG
e JLMH UdG OG``eEG Y
De eg Y ``` VCGh .jdG
h``` ` d IQ`` ` `` `G G`` ` `` `dG ``` ` ` e
...bDe AGLEG Gg a (``HhCG)
Qa W EG GQOdG OJ Q
.IQGdG M dG SG

.RdGh dG b IS Y QN
S h``````eh h``g``L ```f
LfG ``b```dG EG ``bh .fG
e 1^5 ``e ``` YCG G`` J O``` d
f ```dR e ``bh ```e``j ```e``H
``bh .eH e EG Ud
``` ` dG ``V``a GPEG `` `fEG ``` ` ` ` dG
dCG 700 Rhf CG dH a
.``j````T ````Z (``` e``j ``` e``H)
dCG) 800 EG UdG e f Q
S ``fCG ``` VCGh .(ej eH
1^4 EG ``` fG ``aQ ``dP ```H ````
S ````Z ```e``j ```e``H ````e
e C`H ``bCGh .jJ TCG J EG

RjhQ -a ,d
``` Y `` ` `` `` `dG `` ` `` `dG `` ` ` jRh `` ` `b
``````J O`` `H EG `` ` eCG ``` ` ` ` dG
900h 800 H e EG fEH UdG
fDSG GPEG dG Gg ej eH dCG
.jb fEG
EG ``` ` SCG G`` g `` b `` jR`` dG `` c
gj dG HGVEGh LMG
``` fEG `````b O`` `H ``` ` dG ``` b
`` dCG 200 hO `` e EG ``` ` ` dG `` `G
```j e `` ` `VCGh .``` e``j ``` e``H
EG IQ`` ` `TEG JS `` Y Q`` `N
Gg `` `bh .``` ` ` d ``HG``` ` VG

zIL{ dH dG :jOdGh ..eH e 30 Y z fEG{ J zHhCG{ HQCG L H LGj zjOdG{h ..G UQH AGOCG jJ

e ````LG b dG ``bh .I```L ``d``M


S G EG (HhCG) hd IQG GdG
dG ``` HCGh .``` ` J hO ``` L``` fEG ````S ``` Y
L dG .G``j ``e Y A```T c dG
110h 100 CG e L dGh L VdGh
Y ``jR``dG Sh .IL Q````SCG ``g GQhO 95h
hdG hCG OdG G GN ij c GPEG
GQhO 110 ``` d``M Q``` J ``` dG ``` ` dG Q``` ` SC
N CG g CG YCG ``bh .fH ed
.G bdG

RjhQ -a

cdG -UGY

(HhCG) hd IQG GdG e JG


J hH dG LfEG S AHEG Y eCG
e ``` dG d ```e``j ```e``H ````e 30 ```Y
.SGh f Y be c QGb dG
jY J dG G EG AGQRh ``bh
ddG dG dG QSCG Y VGQ ``dhO 12
dGh fH N e ed GQhO 110 G``M
QhO 100 Qbh J dG dG Y Gc jJ
H bCG GjEGh d g GY jh .ed
HdGh NGdG bdG H bW e
``cCGh .QSCG ``YO gj JdG Y
YLG AfG H eN H QG```dG ``HhCG
27 ``````S ``` ` G ``` ` LG EG ``` ` jCG ``d``bh
Y dG eCG Y Ia j Sh af
Gdb AGQRh ch .2015 fj 30 EG QdG G
jd dG IjRh TQ jf EG HS bh
e QdG d chOe dCG G``jO
.jW Ia e j dG HhC dG eCG
qEG d ```dG Y bGdG dG ``jRh ``bh
QdG j e eRCG M EG j G Gg
.GjEGh jOdG Te H GU H
OdG h```dG ``jRh ``b ,e S h
dG H dGh VdG EG dG Y

UQdG e AGOCG eCG jJ


G``` TD` e ``` ` ZCG ```M ;``q ````G
M je ```eCG jdG UQH
G 0^36 FdG TDG JQG
TDe fG H f 7278 EG
0^2 ``jO````dG ````SC`d 15 ``j``c
.f 1196^9 EG G
``j``e `` ` `` `d`` dG `` `f`` `Y `` ` ` bh
R``jh``d GQ``````S``d ````e ``c```T
H ````g ``jO``` ` dG ``` ` SCG EG
g CG S ``HQCG L Y
``N ```L `````H ``` ` JQG ``` ` SCG
hQ ``` ` Z ``` ` ` H ``` ` V``G I`` ` `dG
gh IdG SCG Y HQG
ddG VCGh .JQd aO e
``` eCG ``` VQ``` ` ` d ``` Qh`` ` e CG
A````TG O`` Lh `` Yh W IQ````H
HjEG ``KCG Ye hCG S
CG S ``dhG```G je Y
c H LGJ IdG SG
jR S ```ZCGh .VG IdG
jdG Hh G 1^5 e
3^4 LCGh G GkMGh WdG

dGh 2008 f jHCG NGhCG e


9900 `` a O``` ` ` H ``` eCG ``````S
S dG LGdG O``bh .f
FH QdGh dG hP LGdG
.JdG Y H 3^13h H 0^6
Y Lh HS SCG fGh
MhGJ H eSh OdG Hh
JQG HG .H 1^8h 0^5 H
``a```Uh `````H 1^18 ``YG``G ````S
1^15 QSd OdGh H 0^4
0^2 jHeh H 0^6 ch H
.H

.```G 1^4 ````G ``` Hh ``` G


jdG jdG H SCG JQGh
G 3^6 ``HQh ```Hh ```G 2^5
.G 1^98 eh
`` ` `TD` `G `` ` ` ` `fCG ,`` ` V`` ` j`` ` dG h
Y A`` `` ` HQCG ``e``` J O``` ` ` dG
``HQCG L Y ```Sh VfG
ie YC OU e IOSd
H 0^34 TDG Nh .GT 73
hG`` J ``` Sh ````f 9871^7 EG
``d``Hh .`` ` ` jQ Q``` ` e 8^4 ``````b
Jje ``` YCG ``Y ``` TD` G `````j

fOQCG UQdG
FN H JJ
ie Y LGJ Y fOQCG UQdG JQG
SCG Oh`` AG``` T ``e de `````L `` HQCG
Sh SJdGh SdG Lc jOb
.hGdG b H
H 0^54 Je SCd dG TDG ZCGh
7^5 EG hGdG b OGR c f 2151^69 EG
G QjO e 6^1 e fQe QjO e
cT ``Y ``j``e ````j``dG ``` ` SCG `` bh .```H````dG
T ```UQ```dG EG ```d``G GQ``````S``d `` eCG
ZQ de ```V````fG ```H J ``c``M
QSCG ie Y ```G ````SCG M ``e
EG dG ZQ ``fCG jdG ``` VCGh .Se
.T ddGh V G``J UQdG CG
26^5 EG H 1^92 HdG SJdG S JQGh
6^47 EG H 1^88 SdG Le Sh QjO
EG H 1^22 h```dG Ie S OGRh .Q```jO
EG H 4^26 fOQCG JG Sh QjO 4^13
.QjO 3^18

OGS gJ fGchCG
Shd RdG jO
J UdH
d fGchCG EG eCG GchCG bdG jRh b
UdG j M Shd dG RdG jO OJ
.dG UH J
aS ````c ``f``c GPEG ```Y GD` ` S ``` Y GOQh
cd G ``j``dG ``e GQh`` `dG GQ````e
```c``a``fG ``d``ch ````f h``HR``L ````Sh``dG R``` dG
c EG chH db GOhH Qj Y fGchCG
e ```j`` ``` dG ``KO``` G ````b``e ``` J ``d
d.. VCGh .dG UdG Se
.eT J UdG b

% 0.5 Jj zf{
d ie fOCG e fHdG SCG JQG
S ``H```dG C` H A```fG H ,```eCG SG
H MdG G dG gQYH VH
.SCG GSC BG.S.SEG.EG GTDe
fCG GTDd BG.``` S.``SEG.EG cT YCGh
LGG Fb e GjJh HG jQc aQ
Uh .eG GSCG J IOYH UG
fHdG cdG S SdG f TDe
JQGh .f 15069^48 G H 0^5 i```dG
G ``` ``H 0^8 ``b``` f `` ` `ShG ``` ` H``J ``` TD` e
-cG.H.L TDe J H f 1239^07
.f 11280^65 EG H 0^8 jG 400 f
1^79 hG``J PEG V hG```dG MCG fch
L jG bJ ``e a S Qe
G ```dG CG```j ``dG ``c``G ``H```dG H
.ej jh

j dG b
HhQhCG SCH
j H eCG HhQhCG SCG LGJ
Ig MCG fCG Gfad e HQCG CH
.adGh dG b
H 10^6 G``` dG cT S ``LG``Jh
SahQj TDe Y VfG cCG ch
`` ` HQCG ``` `` d `` ` `fEG ``d``b CG ``` H 300
bG e VCG GOG`` jEG H aG
KCGh .FdG Th cdG f Wf
```a``dGh `````dG ``` b ```TD`e ```Y h``` dG
X LGJ TCG ch H 1^1 a dG
H i`` NCG G``W ``c```T ````SCG VfG
e ```YO dG SG HG .A``` fCG
```JQGh SG QJ ``dG FdG ```b
JG e bdG ba Ff H H 0^8
aeh ```H``G ````d ``j``j````dG G ``fG
``L```e ``` ` ``` dG ``` ` ` j``fEG ``` f``` ` SG
SC 300 SahQj TDe ``LG``Jh .GQGR
EG `````H 0^3 i``` dG `` ` `HhQhCG ``c````dG
Y O``J hG`` J ``` MC` H f 1394^03
Y dh ``e``j 90 Se ``e H 14
.AKdG j Se

FdG Je dG AGd H H LGj hQdG 2011 e ie YCG b Sj jOdGh ..Jj gdG

f S ``fOCG hQ```dG Sh .fjdG


gh .G``` SCG Qh`` dG `` eCG ````TCG S
QhO 1^4410 EG H 0^3 ee ``MCG
````jR```f QhO 1^5834 ````Sh .G`` ` `SCG
hQdG gh .SCG Gg H 1^4 VfH
M ``j 138^05 EG ``dG He H 0^4
S bCG gh j 101^90 EG QhdG fG
.jCG IY d

e H hG Vj j
hQdG fh .FdG Je iNCG Y AGd
fOCG e He QhO 1^3525 EG H 0^15
``dG QhO 1^3503 ````TCG ``` HQCG i`````e
dG N H VG G ``j S
He gh .IFdG QSCG ``HhQhCG cG
e S bCG gh H 80^54 EG dSG
FXd L jJ H ``dPh 2012 `` NGhCG

RjhQ -d

RjhQ -d

TCG HQCG ie fOCG b hQdG M


fh ``Y S ``bCG Sh Qh``dG He
``V```J ``e ,``` eCG ````d``` SG ````G `` `eCG
Ia ````JG H `````d I``M``G `````dG
GdGh hQ``` dG e G````S ``H ``F```dG
.iNCG FdG
d ````j``eCG GdG ``F``Y ```JQGh
``` ` dG) O`` ` ` G ``W``` ` MG ``` ` C` ` `H
I``F```dG Q``` ` SCG ``a``j ``b (``` j``eCG ``c``G
Y Vh QhdG YO bG e SCG
IMG dG LGJh .SCG Gg hQdG
H HhQhCG cG dG b H jCG
S ````S ``V``ah ```V``G ``` ` SCG I``F``` dG
fL EG jd FdG ddG G``jEG Y
iOCGh .Q````SCG TfEG AQ``d i``NCG GAG`` LEG
dG H IFdG QSCG LGJ EG ``dP
hQdG FY AG``ZEG e f hQdG e
c eGSG EG jG H ``aOh

SCG LGJ e ,eCG bhCd GQk hO 1260 a gdG S JQG


d ie YCG ``b jOdG S H Qh``dGh ```HhQhCG
TCG N e e G```VEG e YH G``YCG KK e ``cCG
.jaEG L
dG IH keYe dG jGH e H 20 f jOdG OGRh
GVEG N CG H GOG``eEG Y dGh GQdG b e
GQk V CGh H 40 H JdG e dG fEG jaEG L
e IjL dL QfGh .dG jOd e cCG K ObH
JdG cTh FdG LG Y Hf H Q``LCG KO
854 Y 2011 jGa e d ie YCG G S M ,idG
.bhCd QhO 852^78 EG H 0^1 jOdG OGRh .bhCd GQhO
H 2 ```JQG eH QhO 1474^40 EG H 0^3 ``J```dG OGRh
bhCd QhO 1262^40 EG H 0^1 gdG JQGh .HdG G
S ``dG QhO 1240^61 TCG HQCG ie ``fOCG a d
0^1 f dG QhdGh UQdG LGJ e Ge VG SCG
jeCG OdG ``g``dG S OGRh .dG ``e S ``eCG H
Uh .QhO 1262^60 EG H 0^2 BG ZCG J ``` LBG
.bhCd QhO 19^20 EG H 0^3 dG

11

ObG

2014 fj 12 aGG `g1435 T e 14 G

G S

jQ e 9.94 EG hGdG d W VfG

zYdG{ JQGh zeG{h G dG LGJh ..f 6924 Y VY j z30 e{


ie f Y aCG ,```eCG ,dG GQhC` d e d dG TDG ZCG
Hh ,f 0^80`` `H kJe ;f 6924 ie Y jJ HdG ``b``ZEG
W VfG eCG L Th ..hG``J L NBG e fQe ,FH 0^01
%5^5 f VfHh ,``jQ e 9^94 EG gGe LGJ M ;hGdG b
r
e ,``jQ e 10^5 EG dN Uh
dGh ,HdG G Y fc Y
,jJ %22 H ``gO``Y ``LG``J M ;``dhG```G dG GQhCG O``Y VfG
s dG dG OY JQG a ,de bQh e 23^8 f gOY Hh
N
Uh a ,U 1159 oe ,HdG G Y jJ %62 H G
.U 715 EG HdG G gOY
dGY A - jDhdG

s
% 2 H YJQG Qj
zQU H{
% 4 j zjd IG{
//

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,,

,,

,,

,,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,,

,,

,,


()


()


()


()

NBG Y %0^9 H bZEG S JQa


.jQ 0^450 Y bZEH ,ZEG ie
H LGJ cCG SCG Fb eCG
S SCGQ Y a ,dG dG
`` ZEG ````S `````e ``j`````d I``` ` G
A``Lh .%4 VfG H ,`` jQ 0^143
Y `` ` `ZCGh ``eC` ` ` d Q``` X ````S ``` f``K
S Y %3^2 VfG H jQ 0^242
A``Lh .`` jQ 0^250 ```Y ``H````dG ``b``ZEG
``d```dG ``c``G GQ`` ` `eEGh ``` Y ````S
e d ``jQ 0^240 S Y bZEH
ZEH dG H S J ,%2^8 f
.%1^98 VfG Hh jQ 0^099 Y
ba ,dG WdG dG S eCG
.%1^8 VfH jQ 0^230 Y
b M e bEG cCG SCG eCG
Hh fY d ``c a ,hG``` dG
f G N Y hG```dG b
LEG e %29 e ``jQ e 2^87
H S dG cG ALh ,hGdG
N Y hG``` dG b Hh ,e
%25^7 H ``jQ e 2^55 G
cG s``Mh ,hG``` dG b ```LEG ``e
b hGH QU H S ddG
,`` ` LG `` e %16 ``````Hh `` `jQ 1^6
``j````dGh GQ``````S``d ``` Yo ````S ``K
,%8^7 H jQ dCG 868 H hGH
,jd HdG e H GS J
jQ ``dCG 283 eCG ``JhG``J b Hh
.LEG e %2^85 H

cd bdG dG ``` LEG ``eCG


H FN a ,dG LQG
d ;G jH ``jQ e 16
Y %0^11 VfH ,jQ Qe 14^586
.HdG G gGe
SCG Y hGdG ,G Nh
,HGQ SCG 10 e LN ;cT 47
S 16 AHh ,S 21 QSCG LGJ e
.HdG bZEG QSCG Y ,NBG

YdG QGSG
ZCG a ,YdG ie Y ``eCG
k``H``g ;```` f 8354 ``` Y `` G ``` TD` G
,``ZEG ``NBG f 8357 ie ``e
``` b `` ` eCG .%0^04 ``V``` ` fG ``` ` ` ` Hh
ie ```Y ``` TD` e ```ZC`a ,``Y`````dG
fQe ,f 15 f HGQ ,f 10221
``` `` `` d `` ` `ZEG i``` ` ` e `` ` NBG `` e
IOjH eG TDe ZCG a ,%0^15
%0^02 f e f e bCG QG
d HdG bZEG ie Y IO``jR
TDe Hn a ,f 3637 ie Y
.f 1056 ie Y YdG dG

SCG FGb

hCG cG EG QU H S Uh
M HQ
k YCG dG GQhCG Fb
JQG e ``dPh ;dG dG f
HdG S Y %2 IO``jR H dG
`` jQ 0^241 ``` ` ` H `` ` `ZEG EG ``` ` ` d
cCG Fb dG cG eCG .d
jG L
,hGh Sd QL a kYJQG
``jQ 0^259 EG `` b`` ZEG ``` JQG `` `dGh
````dG Q``````SG AG``` T ````b ````H
5^84 dG ``` LEGh ,`` jQ e 6^62 H GS ``Jh ,%1^17 ```JQG H
e fdG Z i```TGh ,``jQ e jd ```H```dGh ``d``` G 4^5 `````e
a ,%33 Hh jQ e 3^33 b S UH ``HG``dGh ddG jcG
H ``jQ e 4^1 dG b fc ZEG EG dGh ,jQ 0^106 EG hCG
.jQ dCG 779 H H %41 ,IjG jM S eCG .jQ 0^107 Y

CGdG

2014 fj 12 aGG `g1435 T e 14 G

12

dG LQ e hCG Yd AadG
dG S H M
``aG``dG ,Wd NCG S qjCa ,WdG jYG Q```YCG RhJ
e ``cCG ObG Uh WdG ``eCG S qjCGh !?dG YG CG
.!?NBG
,dG ``e e ``gh (```dG hYG ``g) dG G Ko EG
kGc kGQGVEG q dG Gg j CG ,Mh hYe fq CG g MdG Yh
f dP c GPEG EG ,Qj e d d dG Ga ,Od WdG eCH
jQ YG Gg NO jj M ,jG dG Sf G e AT
edG XdG SCGQ Y g cdG e H QWEG Gg h ,kfio kaVEG
Xe YH gQT d ,dEG d XdG g fc e d a ,dG
.!!?a hfl fq CG J a ,HS
dL ,MdG CGh dG FdG Y fOY b a eCGh ALdG dh
MCG M j CHh ,SG bdG NdG ,G S H SHb dG
,hCG YdG LQ UNh ,WdG Gg GN G WGe e
a ,cQG fdG dG a hH e ,iG gFb j jjCG GVh
,jYG ce o a ,G j a X ch ,eY dT If hP
LGh e Y J e jh ,bM d j fb GSH EG
jCGh G YCG - dL H Lj kWHe eCG Sh ,WdGh G
.AYdG S fEG ..adGh dH Y fCGh ,Y eCGh ,H

fCG Ghq CH ,d fl eC fq Ea ,gH BG g J e d H


,2012 Y H YJ e Y kGM Baeh Teh ,fl YJ H
YdG U H GaJ h ,a fCG e Y dG SJ fq Cch
jdG LdG dhCG SJ a !? gCG EG dG hO``J GPa ,hCG
dP e gLNCG ,bYh FeH dG G J e OdG GLNCG
.QGSGh eCGh gadH j Vh EG dGh dG
IG hdG EGh e HdG hdG d dHh - dG hO q EG
dP c EGh M ,G jQ QfG cO Y a coj YG ,eGh
Ob Yuoj h ,fG hCG Y j M a ,a jQ G Yh
fdG IG dh ,QdG hCG dH c AGS T H BG a ,QGL nM
YCG e Oj CG j hYGh ,bj CG j fh Y
``cCG a ,UG SDG dG hCG ,Jh jQJ hCG ,jQSG
Qh ,aeh IN e hj dPh ,Y cCG jHh ,kM
H j g e jYG e if dG q c Ea ,dG M Ic
q C ,d VY cCG fa ,jQ jec dG OdG EG ,YdG
ZCG c aQ b dG Y H ,jjCH NCjh gYj e g d
ogh ,dc UG dG AZh ,dhdG e jYdGh YdG Ac ,Y
g :```G S Y a ,``Q LPdG DhdG H f a
QYCH Hh ,haGh UTCG JcT Y SCGj ,V fY cT

IG Me c T H ,Mh GdG J dG a ,QdG


eCGh YLG MGdG jdG ``e dGh Obc ,jdG
,RGYGh H hCG YdG LQ gaq h dG QeCG e dP Zh ,SdGh
g QK qd f G Ggh ,``G G j FS S d
LhCG e H fc ,d aJ dG dG S a ,Od cQG dG
,LCG bH EG IG eGO eh ,bdGh dG SCG e hCG YdG
l
.GJo jJ ch .. jdc
dCGh
j Oj VhCG h ,YdG Vh dG hCG YdG UCG d
Sh W ``g ``gh ,``dP ``e ``cCG hCG ``MGh Ye ``e j H g
EG IdG ```J CG e h k```bGh h kW d ``dG ```dh ,I```G
EG LH hYa ,G Y AY fCG hCG e H UCG fCch ,YG
G Ve Gf Yh ,jdGh GMG M e dPh ,jG QeCG
G eH dh ,G IH fc dG UG ahX ZQ ,Y
CGO dG dG oj jdGh ,``gG``dG VdG G Yeh
(cdGh G fCG) :d dH ,e kY GS c gQGJ Y dG
H fq C ,YG PD`J LGH dCG Y J IQdG g UCG a
.G bGh e
H ,dG Y j CG ,FGhCG jYG M fEG Y b q EG
,j dEG S feCc hCG YdG e Sh ,XdG Qh e

EG LQdG H IN J ,dG G jZ IgX Cf d


Cch ,H e EG dG hO ToG BG dG EG dG gh CG ,jb bh
,``WEG Y IcP EG LM M hCG ``gPCG e e b jQdG I``cGP
e d bCG dJ e b :b eY UCG c c ojn eCa PEG
bCa ,j J dG G S g e hCG ..o c b EGh !?fCG
de dh ,gH hCG g dG dG eCG d !!fCG e d
c ``dG da ,Jh A``G b aJ fc dG g ,WdG hCG G
S GTDc bh SdG NCG VCa dG qeCG ,eR jCG G Y
.Od dG dG ah kWg hCG kGOU J ,G
eg jQJ M ,fdG dG ``LQ e hCG YdG q EG
QdG SSCG IcQ c e gh ,bG odG jQdG M
fCG hCG dG Qoj a ,gbCG EG gbCG e OdG Y dG edG
b ,dG fdG dG e e q CG j CG j hCG ,Qoj CG j
l ,WdG Gg AHCG e hCG YdG LQ j Y YJh Cf
FdG fG Wh
,dG ToG VG ee Vhh ,dG cQ e SHb dG
dG G EG fCT aa ,AahCG FGhCG LdG YGS Y FH kGe
.ddG oY OCGh jQCH J
hj ```dG ``LQ Gh``j CG ,``Sh```TCG ```dhCG Sf t j ``dG d
fdG dG g LhCG e g fq CG e ZdH dPh ,H RdG gG

zGk gQ dG c e{
dG Y
ha SL) dG e KG LGJ ,e AGQR``dG MCG H KOfi f
,HjCG Yh ,HCG jdG Yh ,VQ M) HQCG SGh .(M QdG Yh
J gOGaCG H e c PEG ,UCG fK fc YG (hdG G Yh
.jR Sjh ,fQdG
eG J Hh ,GMCH dG JOe H j CG dG Qd h
N e QH ,WdG dG e q CG Lh dG ,QdG bH .O c dG G
kj e ``JGP bdG h ,``JGP QdH d ,SdG GfG (``e) dM
,Mh QH (G SDe) bY W U Y d ,ke kSS
.G SDe NGO FdG idG W dc g M e EGh
bf IdG J jdG iL e j c dP e QdG jh
j b ,jdG H QJh q EG j M ,dG bEG
. bEG iNCG Q Jh H kefi
dG ``c e dG GY ``gh ,dEG Q```dG d e H f H
d .NdG IQS dG BGdG OQh f e - AcH ,TG dG ,GgQ
e e QdG MCG G jQCG h ,Y bdG Y Zj AcH GdG dP U
.d JGdG JLSH hGh a dG
ubaydli@gmail.com

W dG QSdG G hCG IqG OGG Y OdG aQ jh ,jL e


eCH JQG dG fih ,fGbh QGdG dM H b HQ J
SdG IG aY dG Jh qddG MG g H Hjh ,dhdG
IYO Q``WEG ``dP jh ,d WdG O``G g IOb ``N jdG
cDj PEG .jdG dG ````f ``jh``J h```j ``e d ge jU
,1994 dG e jd jQCdG fEG hCG GdG e d fq CG HdG
e dG dG a ......fl d dG cdG jGH fq CG Y
Y WhT CG YSG dG WdG OG g fc jdG dG
.jdG QG
dG G H G FdG H j c f JdG jh
H a ,UG SdG jdG ``jQ``J ``q `H```jEG Yf f j
.H JCG dG Gd kS G c e GQH j iNCGh dG
H e) dG Y jCG J ,(WH a WH Y H e) IYdG U Ea
J dG GdG d Ije VGh IYO IQdG J .(M a M Y
.fi S Ne e G iJ CG Y
WdG dG e Qb S VYG dG G H Y dG bj
d ,G ZU e AYCG e fK gOY H Y dSG e

dGh ,YYR J TQCG H qeCa .AGdG dHh qZ IcGP Gg c


G Y e eCG Ggh ....HS bGeh jJ e IAGdGh ,Y
SCdG jQdG IcGdG QhO cDj GH fq Cch .jJ Z e
.QdG dd dEG TQCG qY SQ dG QhdGh ,eG CG
dG iMEG Aj dG AGgEG dP g QdG bj e hCG q CG Y
M QJ (Wh g) Ve
m HdG c fi EG Fb ,d hCG
... dG Gg OGYEG AKCG MQ dG HdG g EG ,(jh) ,j CG b
U c J c JCS LCG EG ,(e) ,OTdG S OdG CG eDe gh
YdG J HdG j g .eCJ dG gZh J dG ej eCG
,TQCG Qhd JdG J H HdG Y QdG j eY ,FQb gP Y
Me J dG jdG d jQdG UGd aGc QhdG Gd jDhQh
fih ,G jQdG Jfi e VG dG e gJ eh G
.IRQdG WdG gReQ e HdG gh ,HdG
e ZU Me N jdG M e Y cCdG HdG jh
e jdG GNEG HjEG QhOh G dP qgCG Rjh ,WdG dG
Md - G Jh dG AdG dhdG ``eCG fb Me f
WGdG IG Od bdG Ia J d OJ fc dG jdG T

JdG ```TO ,Gk` j`` d ``bQ````dG Ve h ,```V``G ```dG `` NGhCG


WdG dG e ZU :GkgQ dG c e Hc HdG Z jdG
MG J GMCG I dG e AH dG Kj .JYGJh jdG
e JdG gOj c h ,jdGh MGdG dG e e CGJ dG
dG M MG ddG QdGh 2000 dG ``NGhCG H e bGdG IdG
dGh jdG idG GMCH G GdG gCG e gjh ,2002
Ie fc fq EG j dH fCch .He dG LCG e jhdG e d
QWEG h ,dG dG Y jDhQ Y IQdG dG aCG IjT LQO EG
.a Vh G
iJ IQH ej CG j PEG ,QfG dH j FQb HdG j h
d dh ,gCG d J dG Fb Wj M ,QdG dP gP
hcj IdG d hUG jdG j ,H N dG gCG G``H
Z j fL a .H e e L dh ,fGLh q b dG G
. e L b ge EG jCG j c Oj d ,G gCH
KdG G h ,dG U H cG dG G``MCG
dG LSG H ``NCG G``g h``N e ,JdG H J ``dG dG
... TGQCGh db e jQJ Qe e JAGbh gY bdG J

G GdG IMh hQ ..fdG


G TQ
FdG dG Gg X ,GPh Ga ,e dG dG g
.Wh J e QH ,jO J CG SdG j
O``e CG eh :k``M bCGh ```M``dG``cr Pp ``H J ``e EG O``YCG
,ShdG a dh OdG L S AGQRd Fc fCH U
,S jTGQ H S LdG Gg c GPEG e g GDdG CG EG
M e ``dh ``dG MdG J dGh ,aG ShdG G
Jh ,O``e Sh YJ dG G kjCGh ,JfL JGQH
LGS Wd O``e SG GPE` a ,gj Y SdG J
Vf Fc f jJ e M d ,M e dG
.dG WCG Ia V b a HfG OYH AadGh
e) bCG hCG jcCc ,kjCG f CG Y dG GH dG H
,j M fEG Y ,(G``g PGSG H ``EG Y
eY gV gh jcCG f eY jO dhO LCG pe Jf
HCJ jM U jJ e Hh ,I``MGh da .bCG f
fBGb jBG e pe cCG jhCJ dhfih ,AGeCG eCJh dG
,fY dhH Ms dGcr Pp e J d ,dEG S a d
.G dG Y H ,``g``G J h jdG OJ
.hf -fZ d Sc fY fEd jM cCG a
:HLEG ?fZ CG OhO``G ;dG kf cCG c ne :``bCG
.ac G GdG hQ fdG

.cM YCG HCG dG G jj c e ,Jh H


b Y AGeCG eCJ jM pe dO VhCG g d
n OGQn Cn a mr pM n rgCGn nr U
r n rCGn ho
n es Pp r o dn n n
n Mn GPn pEGhn :jdG dhdG
s
n
n
n
n
n
r n an p u p fn n es Pp hn G
rp
r o dn r n LG

d
h
,p

e
P

h
G

e
P

d
p
p
p
ps
o
p
s
s
n
n
u
r
r r n
no rgnCG r o Hp n Ur nCG p
n n Phn r o p
n n P Gho p roJ rnCG r o fs pEan .pn Hn Ur nCG n es Pp hn n n es Pp
n OGQn Cn an mr pM n rgnCG nr U
ho
p s n es Pp Gho p roJ rnCG r pe
n Mn GPn pEGhn ,pdp So Qn n es Pp hn G
s
s
nYn r o dr p fr nCG rpdn hn ,pG p r Mo nYn r o dr p r Jo an G
p p r Mo nYn r o dn p r Jo rnCG
c ,e) r nCG r p pa G
p s n `r `Mo
o p Jo nCG pQr ` Jn n `n `fs pE` an n pr Mo
,cG e Y eSEG dG Gd .(dGh OG
:fG) jO fhjj Gh ,jO dhO eSEG gjf Gdbh
.(SEG dhdG a pe ,hVdG
,bCG dG G e j dG ,jdG dhdG pe G EG
fc EG gh ,jcCG cdG G e j dG f g
YCG HCG d f e d ,fEG gOj eSEG hCG Shg
:fG) G dG dG Y Jo dG ,G cM fCH
ie Y dG ```j ea .(``e``` SEG Q````S``dG ``jh``J
GHY a ,e c QYG H NDj CG H gG hCG jdG
j eY e IgdH dG ``gRCG CG bCG .WhCd
dG j `` dG G ``d``H ``Y ```j G ``j````Gh
LG CG ,G dc ,fjH hCG dH c EG jdG dGh
dH Y J bGdG dG Y J eY dH dG

b pe Y iG ,fdG g EGh ,f bdG OHh jH


.kjCG OdGh ac jOCG gC IdG S g ,jdG GMCG
gh ;Whh jO Ms dGcr Pp G OcCG Y jGj MCG
dGh ,dH fdG fG e GPEG Jfeh ,j H e j
(1948 ZG) fZ G g ,Shg T b SCG
hfh fZ MW NDj d GPa .(1964 ) hf gGLh
h ,jj jOCGh GYCG e FdG OdG Gg L fY pe
?OLH NBG Y pe MC
AGQB`H ``NoCGh jG dG G``FGQ MW NDj d GP``e ``bCG
(1941) eSEG YG SDe (1979 ) OhOG YCG HCG
s fn e (1966 ``YCG) b S f eh ,jdG Q``g j
dP Wh e Shg e Jh ,gLh cM e d
ac Sh j gh H OhOG a g ?jO e pe
Ra H kShg Jh Ms dGcr Pp gj dG pe ,Shg
?ShdG Oe
gh ,G fdG H dG G EHh j e
d ,dG SFQ EG dG Y jHdG jR H HCG UhCG dG
cfO Q``eC`H YCG fCG dG jG Jh ,d ``dh``dG
GPe ,e jcCG H G Z Y f ,(FdG H ,e)
QeCH YCG fCG jM j g .fdG T H ?e j
dG jj dG dG d kSe AGeCG eCJh cfO

Ms dGcr Pp dG JdGh OcCG e AL e f d


je 31) OG QG jdG IMdG hQ ..fdG
e MGU dG QSdG Y j e ZH :a ALh ,(2014
Qe dG VCG G E`a ,d SSCG CGe g fdG CG
e jda ,O```dG dG ``e c Q``b Y jh ``L
CGe G``MG Y EG dG e N j OdG G
Sh ,dG SG e fZ -hf d Sc dG fdG
Va e dP dEG OD`j b eh ,cfG EG SS i``bh G``MCG
bCG M Y dG H ,G Y ShdG ZCG b
JfL JGQH M S e g hG g CG Gh .i``NCG
OG ``N ``e LGe EG I`` NCG HfG G ``N
GQjQf ,FdG Te M HjEG IQU Sd dH dG IdG
.Oe
e H NCS eh ,e M EG ,jdG SbG Gg EG J
ie fdG CH dG QdG id IQdG J c ,kjCG Gg
,a .fCG G pb eh ,iNCG OH beh OH Y
JdGh ,kceCG hCG kHY hCG kjg c AGS ,``MGh jdG M pe
a ,kGJ jH eh eSEH eh dG e pe MdGcr Pp
OHh Shg jcCG Sh ,jO AHCGh g ,aGj C H GM dG
SdG SEG fb dG fdG Y ,gGGh ``jOCG IOe
j c OLh Y dG fEG VGh g e Y ?OEH Ak G``aG

!...QG S d
* WH S.O
,kG kW Y J Je IQYh kFL jh AGG dG M
!!dGh AdH ..QhO H bhCG J (jH e) dSG H gh
dCG HQCGh S Kh Ue LLdG fQH fEG Y ZCG ..dGh dH L
OG H dGh ddG keY 25 Yh SQ SH Md !!QhO je HQCGh
QT e H 1838 ``HOhCG L ``L dCG jeCH QdG Y c !(..Qf dG) QhO je 10^3 OGe N
jEG e eqb GZc e ``bCG fRh ICc a b ZCG ,L dCG 28 -SfCG MG- Kh ,d jjf fGjR
..TH j
..QdG GH cCS Gd -LJh J FdG
JGMh ,YdG Y kGM :f jQSCG bQCG d YS H
.dG Ahgh dH aJ
QSG *
Sadbsata@Gmail.com

K e cCH j ,(kjT QhO 1200) h``dG ASDhQ H ``bCG g JGQ


LG Y ASG j ``dG g dG k Fb ,``j``G d
!cSG dG Gg ddG
YG e gZh ,jdG AGdG LC fdG bH eDj dG
:VG M kaW cgh
e a ,ca ..kMe e a Lh , cG eRCG X Y d k Fb OQG SG g .. kSGh kGb a ,ZQ Y dCSh OQG
..dG G Gg SCG S g ;V b
kMe La ,b FGM qj dG hdG iMEG cM c cG HLCG ,!!J GPe WG k Fb GMH fGh OQ``G a ca
...??J e e WCG ..fCG H
``cB`G ```ZCG d Fb g Vf ``c``j AdH A````dG q EG ```Mh
:Y RGdGh HhGh
IN We e L LQGO T fc fg jdG a Vj !!S j ..T c d QhO dCG 12 ,JH ,dG ,f YCG
Hc SH fhfEG e H ,jeL hCG dG e JCJ Ib ZCG cCj OhdG a e fi GM a Gd qeCG ,c Hc M Gd

Q``c ;QhO Qe 21 (```j``eCG) CG ``H ;QhO Qe 23 (jdG) OG``e``c


;QhO Qe 18^4 (jeCG) dEG fQd ;QhO Qe 18^5 (fCG) jdCG
.QhO Qe 18^3 (jeCG) dGh HhQ
je k``e``j R```J ```dG ``dh``dG ``e) ```g ``K ;`````dG f Vh
d dfG S ,HUCG e fd j (dG N SdG
Gh CG QhO Q b QqJo ) dG ZCG j dGh eH
gh ;dG GcCGh AGdG ce Y j fq CG adGh ,(-dGh dH
YL QLh fT H e eDj de HG GhQ qY j jH
!!H j gh
GjdH H (UCG G) IU eOEG eQCG H Y He NBG Nh
.ShQ f d Qk hO e 736 fdG
FdG SCGQ a ;dG hO iKCG M ge iNCG F fOj Ggh
,HGdG JG jhdG ALh ;GQ``eEG q K ,b J ,hCG QdG
IG jdG MGh ,SOdGh eG JG fhHh IQaS K
SdG ``f``c ``f``gh GjS A`` Lh ,```e```dG ``j```dGh HdG ```J``G
.ITdGh
,GLQhCG FQ Ne SN :ke ce M dg q CG jdG

hCG ,G H SG e dG j{ YCG H Jc SCG


e dG eb CG H QG g QfG e BG G dh ,AdG g
jW Y dPh ...zdLQ jj CG e Wh ,QG T bH SDG
gMGh j ,``dEG ..SCG Wh ,eh ,FGMh ``Wh QL Yhe
!!IjdG GQG
H q C` H CG``b a ..``gP e dGh a e dG IYd kaN
ISCG e Oj bdH ke JHN e j HdG dG ASDhQ
j YU QhO dCG eh hGH J !!Y qShCG T
.QGG Y Gh ..a bO N
fedG d KdG ```H I```G G H ``jO G``g q ``d
J AGLCG G q jh ..(dG dG dWE TN H Yj Gh)
!GS
AZCG ``gCG Y jdG Fb HQa Q```UCG dG A``j``KC f
dG
;QhO Qe 44 (jeCG) aH jQGh ;QhO Qe 46^5 (jeCG) L H
Qe 23^9 (G) S SdQc ;QhO Qe 25 (dG) e c
QEG ;QhO Qe 23^7 (jOdG) OS BG W H ddG eCG ;QhO

13

iDhQ

2014 fj 12 aGG `g1435 T e 14 G

jDhQ
IjG a j U ..zdG SCc{
d .. QGdGh h``G AfCG Jh ,ObGh SdG QNCG dG LGJ
fq EG ..dG dG Y He ``cCGh ,d R``HCG g M ``eCG k SGh G
..jfG
jRGdG U gQfCG Jh ,IQG UCG jG e b dG J
Gg ,dG Id dG SCc H e jdG dG fG Y QdG Gj M
..dG HGh gG gG M e NBG gj dG dG G
jd ,G Y ``X JCj dG ,```dG I``c IjG IMdG ```fq EG
Sj NCG e Y aG MS Jh ,dG H ``LG``Gh QG```dG
MOjh ,YGdH j dG dG bGdG e Y GkH G Q``jh ,dG
..YGh hH
ae gCG j EG dG Ic jQJ gCG HG - dG SCc ,dG Y
k HK GkH aG UCG ,dG Mh jQdG GP eh ,1930 dG e - WEG Y
dG g GWh ..S HQCG c H dG bj dG GMCG efRQ Y
G H dCG dH iS bY Y J h ,gYe Y HG J
.fdG dG
Y J JJ CG ,d R``HCG dG dG ddG e j h
e jFd jdG Me gh FdG MG EG fG b ,GS K ie
ec d ddG H d aJ Y K Y e k e 32 H
dG YJ IQGdG be MG EG Tj Ggh .G dG Ye Y
..fEG QdG WJh dG
H ,a k a GQk M e S d dG ,ddG J jRGdG ggh
cCG jh
.. mGe N H Ra M SCH jJ
k
H jRGdG QdG LMG e dd edG OH GOGSG T e ZQh
dP c Cq G EG ,QhO Qe 11 f ddGh dG SCc aSG IQJa Y FdG fEG
gh YdG GbCG cM J dG MGdG dG iS j h ,BG TJ
.NCG G Y GHEG Md SJ

eT jObG ej
dGh ad jDhdG SDe gQJ

IQGOEG FQ
jdG ``FQ

`` FdG M H ``JM
jdG

24479885 :Jg
info@alroya.info

ObG
233 , 241 :fi

businessdesk@alroya.info

G
239 , 208 :fi

localdesk@alroya.info

VjdG
242 :fi

sportdesk@alroya.info

dU e
23295546
295546 Jg
J
23202934 ca

salalah@alroya.net

fYG
24479888 :Jg
ads@alroya.info

cGTG
24493701 :Jg

jRdG
24490386 :Jg

Jc f Lh Y Gh IjG CGQ Y IQhdH J IQG AGQBG

k zJGdG{ ..UGdGh dG
e

Ob QYEG
N GY
bh ``VG``eCG QfGh AGdG Jh dG e
f dG d Yd dG JdG AdG
,G``L ```HG``e ``gG``X ``g ``c .``` FG``Z Y
d hj b c Y UYCG dh
.hCG gdG e
``````dG ``c``` ` G `` e O`` Y `` e `` ` Yo ``` f
ce QGL EG dPh ;fEG NJ Y LdG
IdG ``W```G G`` M ```Y``b``c W H
eh .ac e d VG Zh FG OQGH
AHdG SG IOjR jjCH f dG ce
J cJh YGQdG VGQCG gh ,G Qgh
IOjR :e ;NCG ce gh .Mb VGQC
m G EG
UGG d Gf- GQdG OGY H dG
dG JGQS Y OG``aCG OYGh edG
QdG H J EG aVEG -dG
Jh ``f````G H J ``j````d I``` N
.dhDH M fOCG H AGdG
Ea ,S eh zpazh zfL{ rQYEG Hh
jOdG Q Y QGdG aQ a d G
ODG e jo M jOhCG ae OGS Yh
id dG ``Y``dG ``aQ G ``EGh ,dG EG
dGh dG CH YJh OdG OdG
Kh bY GP UdG ``e NGe ee
``H```jEG O`` a ````S CG CGh ,``` ` fEG cH
ScCG GSG Y dG :e- dG H
.c eG J HjEG KDS -SdG
,za{ H H eS EG ``bCG fEa ;g eh
hCG UYCG GM ehO f CG dMG ieh
gS ```dG ``bG````H ``gQ ``g ``EG ,```e ```f
.dG jdG eGh OG``aCG e
dG IQGRh e BG g Io dG CG iQCG g eh
e ;JGSG FcTh NG hD```dGh
YdG ad eGeh iG jW M IOb LCG
SdG cS jd dGh ,dG jdH
bGG ``e ``j``G f LJh dH IQdG
G G``g a ;d jdG cdGh
gf b H ,UYCG GM ehO S fEa
.jedG JQb IOjRh KhM IJh jJ
omanifilm@gmail.com

Y dOY
ObdG ``M ``Y LdG adG GR```dG CG Y
gj Y g fEG aJ f QMCG
L EG kL ,QG``G SMG e bJ
IO``jRh dG OQG``G Q``g``Jh Q````TCG b ``e
d UY a ;``YhQ``G Z MdG MG
;g eh .VQCG IdG Z IQGM aQ f
e PfE be PJ NdH de fEG Ea
g .GAS OGOjh eCG bj d PfEG
e H ````dG OG`` `aCGh h```d I```c A````TCG
;dG Nh dG VQCG dM LCG
GSGh ,QMCG ObdG SG N :e
Y ``` Gh ,```j```dG dG ``b```dG QO````e
IOdGh ,AHdG SG ObGh ,HdG
AMEG EG H c eCG IMGh IT e dG EG
g fc GPEGh .IKG AGG Gh HdG
IQdG g a ,dG M dLEG IQdG g
?oY g j a HG
N UYCG Kd fOH Vt J CG ``jCGQ
e e UYCG e gS ``eh ,GS S
dG IQGRh e Io dH Jo ,e KhM
YdG FcTh ,hCG G NG hDdGh
Lh dGh ```H``dG IQGRhh `` YEG IQGR`` c
VZ ``LCG e ;gZh...fdG dG
``dG- ```dG Qd Ia jEG ``gh CG ,``MGh
CG J -`````dG ``j````b ``Y `````dG ``` j
fi Z gGX d fQhJ dG UYCG
,a NJ eo Qbh Ab U e
(dG EG f) W f g H
d Njh aG f a KDj CG fEd
:e H .``eO```dG ``` LCG dd VdG
e GPEG H GQhO f CG OGaCc d
dG gGdG KDj fEG f CG cQOCG
e Y J GPEG fCGh ,dM e dG
Y jQOb S fEa ,H HjEG cdG
jQOb Sh H ,U H AHEG gG
gh .UYCd I``e``G Q``KBG ``e dG Y
RGdG eh dH dG CH cdG j
H ,```U``YCG h``M EG a OD` `j dG
Jh dc S iNCG H gGX EG Oj

GMh GeBG dG Id kGL j M PSCG eCG .H eBG dG dGh


aVCG dG Je Ke j CG kjZ d Gd ;gU e H
``FGhQ ``e iT ``cCG YdG Q```MCG ```FGQ J CGh ,I``K``dG JfdU
dH Qj LQ gAGQh j e J CG d .jQdG QdG
dHh ,U dSQ AGQh e j CG dG YG M
e LdG Gg j e JCj d Ggh ,QGSGh dG jdG dG
FQ Y j e Ggh ,gQGSCG Yh ,dG J fCG CG ,(QdG) f
.zjDhdG{ j
adG ``Y``j `` ```c ```a ````UCG ``eR ?N G ```Y ```J ``g
iDhdG NG djh ,jdG JLJ H ``NBG e ej QdGh
,zV fCa e J EG{ :j dG CGG ee ,T aN EG
EG ,G EG zb Od j CG``dG NG{ FdG IQdG gdh
j fCG e Zda ;ke ADd joe NBG T g N G Y CG
Y j dG ziDhQ{ U c e jc e J b LJh kGQaCG
VQJ b dG ADg e e H SCH kH CG eh -M Ggh- gOGYEG
SQ d kej j fCG EG ,d kGf hCG ,G Y H eDj jb e
CG hCG ,dG Y j kjOMCG kHSCG hCG k`jCGQ Vj CG hCG ,e jQJjO
a ,ke dG Y H ,dG LdG f fcQj jNBH Hc j
M e ja b M JLJh FGQBG bj b dG OhM QN
e cCH dG LGj CG oe dh ,LQO e e j bh ,dG
dG ``j ``bh ,jJ hCG J CG hO ec Ja f M ``LCG
JMe iJ h ,ZQ hO de e MGh M T d a f
hCG kGKCJ cCG NBG EG G GY J e H CGQ AG``HEG JNJ hCG
kGc Qj g Gc T .S Z d H U c M hCG ,kMVh
?HdG U
?U c IjG g IAGb Y UMCG GP BG aY g ...
Mh.oraimi@hotmail.com

``jRdGh `YdG

YEGh dGh ad Y SDe

UdG s J ,G Gg Hc M
dP d ,QYEG EG dG H IOLG jQGG
QYEG .G G``g f b IH KhM beo
dK ``fEG .z``f``f{ ```SG Y M ``bh ,PEG O``b
L !GS S N MGS j QYEG
H za{ J ,zfL{ 2007 dG hCG cf
z``f``f{ ``JC` j BGh .2010 ``` dG ,G`` `YCG ``K``K
rbU d .HdG QYEG e G``YCG ```HQCG H
Gf fCG gh ,zfL{ jCG e dG AY GDJ
G``M ``fOo ``H r```NO a dG NG Gd
EG K c MGh QYEG g Sh ,UYCG
cCG fr Up ,ddG QYEG e a .GS N
``G Y fc Y edG I``Nh GOGSG
?zfL{ MLG eY
```dG- dG `` g o````c ,2010 ``` dG
rM de -hCG S H rcCG b J
S dPh ;zdG IQGRh e Io dG{ GY
fc GPEG{ :M odAJ bh .za{ QYEG ``bh
G``M ```d``NO CG) ```bGh M UCG ``b ``g
gh H ?bGdG d AT fH a ,(UYCG
hM Y -H FL H dh- dhDe f
gMh dG J dCe ```fCG CG ,`` eCG G``g
CG eOdG GdG OhCG .z?a fEd j h
dG QhdH YJ ,dG f e We SCG
Y UMh ,NG GdG hM c f
J dG cS jJ gCH dG YdG aQ
.G dG Wd
****
CG ``` dG ``M dG AY ``e dG ``L`
u `jo
T We Jb IO``jRh UYCG O``Y JQG
g ``EG ,VG dG OdG ``N cc Y
e jo dG QG``G SMG Igd IK
CG AdG ``e H ``Z f j PEG ;``c```dG
b `` VQC` d `` `G ``` dG IQG`` `M `` `LQO `` ` JQG
SMG aj UYCG f IOjR gS
dY A``e QH ch Se IQG``M e QG``G
Gj G c GPEGh .jb UYCG q d J
``` ` fEG QhO QG``` e ``M A`````dG ``H Ge
eo G s Ea ,QGG SMG IgX hM

gYCG dGh ,ziDhQzh zCGQ{ G U -dc- d ke j e


jDj k e CG H ,jGh ,YG J ,IjG J IQO
jG e L ,ke IdG VQj ``NBG e QG```Hh ,``e b hCG Ia
``eCG ``gh ,``d``c dh ```G Md dG G`` MGh ,edG dG
.MGdG CGdG HW Y j Ic HYh N U CG j
dG Za ;dEG Gh Hd gjJh eGMG zjDhdG{ SCj
CG EG -i``NCG dG SDG H fQe- jOG feEG SdG
jdG BaG Ga ;SDG UCG id IdG b d zjDhdG{ s c
QaEG JYO hO e YLG Se OJ fEa ,d aJ dG
gGDhQh gQaCG bjh ,JbGU hOj ,ke a j ,J hCG AGZ hCG
.edG JM kGc f Of YLGh HOCG L
``jO`````bG ``` JGQO``` e ,``` ` ` SD` G ``` d ``d``c `````dG `` `aQCG ``````j `` eh
aJ b e S EG LH g dGh ,YG HOCGh YLGh
IFL{ ,zObG jDhdG ie{ :G G S Y jd N ;M
,YCG IOjQ aK jd zd jDhdG ce{ IQOoe ,zjObG jDhdG
.dEG...YG dG YW YO ,WCd G OHdG e
JS SQO dG FdG M bCG ?FdG M Y S g iJ
,gh g dG jQSCG JjM Y S dGh ,dG dG jQJ
eY .z``jDh``dG{ IjL j FQ FdG M H ``M PSCG bCG
e kG```c jh ,dG f ``e a ;dG ``H c ```NG
bdG f dh ,```YCG ``LQ g FdG ``M PSCG .HG G
.SdG He gh e LQ g QNH j .QH FSh ,Lf U
,WSh GP hCG vZ j FQ J CG e
l N oe j FQ J CG
gjN Hj M hCG ,H Y hCG adG SQO e d ke j GeCG
dG jQG GY dGeCG j CG M PSCG eEH c .e H
j QSG QNG dh ,z``SCGQ NhO{ hO G HdG b
dSdGh IdG He dP c .cCG Sh ,dG S S fCG kGL

aGJ M ,fc CG d IOLe


J CG ```c ,`` Z hCG ``` G `` a G`` `dG T
,dGh gG adG jdG aJ GQGG
c j HUCG fCG e ,dG aQ J hCG
.e Oa
kGQhO J YLG GKCdG fc ;kHSh
YLG dG X ,OGaCd jdG dG
dh ,jd dGh fEG c ZdGh
G H YSh dG dG UCG
`` gCG ``H k`j```a ````SGh ``a````e ````J ,`` j`` Gh
dM S A``` HCG j ``e QGa ;A``` HCGh
,gY e Gfc eY ``gDh``HBG J e j
,d aG IdG AHCG Hh H OGOa
gJ fl S hCG HjEG e H ``eh
e hCG ,dGh QG c fl W OjEG
.Hd S e e j
kaQ d ```G G``g VH `o ``ZQ ``eh
dG ``g KCJ SGQd dhfi ``EGh ,d
dG ``d``Gh YLG dG Y I``j``G
Y fl ffEG ``Lhr CG dG a ;OG``aC`d
rUCG dG g CG c ,S 20 b Y c
``eC``H O``` dG ```a j `` dG ````dG hCG C`````c
idG OO`` jh ,``Z``j a ``Y H d
dG UCG e h```dEG YdG OhOQ Y
UCG ``d```d``a ;``` dG G````dG fl ``e
fCG c ,hdEG UGdGh Od oe LM
j M ``d``M `` `````dG `````dG ``KD` J
GdG j c ``dG G YdG dP Y
OGO```a ;``bG``dG `` VQCG Y ```j h ,````VG``aG
OGOJ jG VGeCG f Ea ;SCdh .doY
,VjdG fG oj kdZ dG g eoa
HjEG Qoj M ,bh HBc Hf Jh
r fCG dG g Ge eh .d dG J
OGR
dG OdG hj M G AcdG f e
id G adG cG :acGh Y
YUh ,```F```HCG ``e O```dG UGj ```dG G````dG
GKCdG Y e J M QG```dGh CG``dG
.G YLG
Adla_aldhuhli@hotmail.com

UGdGh ,hdEG Yd dG GgG


u ,a ``` SGQOh d ``` ,OG`` aCG ``H
VJ
ec IM N Y cdG JGdG TT IQe
hCG N hM jW Y o ,ffEG YG
IOLe HhL Y GQG``M dG Y
,dG JGdG ILCG IaG UGdG eGH
e OdG L GQGG g .e JGdc
dG jW Y GMCG e UGe dh ,kfe
gh- YSHh ,ITe Z IQH fhdEG
H ,a KDj hCG YH KCj CG -fe
a j .YLG Hh jdG JQe
``g````jo ``b `` JGP ``b``dG h ,````G ``Y````dG
UGdG eGH Y Jo M G YdG
hd HjEG hCG S hCG jQK Ql aCG YLG
OG J Ib H ,jNBG KCdGh Qd
.OGaCG Y fh
j dG YdG OY s CG kdM MoG eh
YdG OY j dG UGdG OGaCG H
dM ``e ``e ```T```G ```UG```dG fj ```dG
eO jcdG jJ Y KDj b Ggh ,kfe
dG fCa ;IOdG Y Ije IQH fEG
fc dM e G e hCG I```SCG e J fc
,H G Q````dG ```Nh jJ gJ
Q`` J UGd ```fh```dEG dG ```dh
dG dG gj GOhfi UGJh ,IQs oe
dG e L eGdG ``g e ``eOE`a ;Od
G ``L``G J O```dG j M b Qn e
KCJ j gKCJ UCG ``Qh ,gY UGd
hH a ,G YG J ``YEG
hHh jH Zj e j OdG Jh fGb
.Ob
cGJ eGdG d KG aVEG CG c
:Y e ;Od TG jdG ``L``G ``e
,GQG``G d G dGh GedG aVEG
KCJ e aG YG e J fc a
,G bh dJh GOY Y dG hCG jaGdG
e j W id ddG hGoj UCG
Wa ;jd cdG JdG RL GS 8 dG
```g``d``H ````J``G ``j````dG ``W```e hCG ````G

H g QOj ,edG dG IjL j Hh ,Y j u c U


GPa ,dH fQe G IU gGQCG ?gZ hO zjDhdG{ GP :dG GDdG
?jNCG d MCG CG e J
cCG J Qh ,kGQfG cCG g G JjL J Q ..g CG
dG J ``f``YEG `` dG (``g``jEG) ``M``G `` ``Qh ,dG O``Y
IQdG L h ,dG dG cEG Y G Ua Jh ,U EG
jM fCG dP eh ,G Zh G VGeCG ac e Jh ,AdGh
g . g d SCGQ Y fdG bCG bh ,j c U Y dG Y
,Ie jhY a ,dG bGdG g k hCG zjDhdG{ j e ?Gg c GP J
Y FGR f h ,gh g AGM G``dCG h ,VGGh jdG W jJ h
.G
QGJ h ,QNCd (Y) hCG ,(d) a ,QdG bh fCG dc a oj
dh ,I``MGh U g G S Y VjdG dG e N .Q```aCG
dP Y bh ,iNCG dG Me dG GY j e c d J
.YVGh GHCG H
HdG Q``` NCG ``V``Y dG RG``` dGh dG O```G k```jCG a j
eGOa ,QdG d LJ hOh ,GP hCG dG Gd hO dGh bEGh
UN IjL eGO eh ,Hf hCG HM hCG eM hCG SQ L IjG
hCG a CGQ gj FQ hCG d c GPEGh ,HUCG e QdG e kGPEG a
W Ua jNBd dh ,YSCG hCG edG OY Y a ;UN SS
Y FQb ZJo CG eCG .adG jH HCG g a ;e GNG d M FGQBG
h CG hCG ,a J dG G f j CG Y CG hCG ,e a Qe
ZCG hCG LdG fCG O hCG ,GP hCG Gg d fCG O a LJ
M ,dG dG jQJjdG b g f Lh e a ,gZ hO g
d Mh ,dG d FfEG e G H jQdG Me J d
FGMG hCG ,bGQhCG OY hCG ,M c O U S e g CH bG
.U EG dG j dG dG e fYEG hCG ,FXh fYEG Y

?zjDhdG{ GP

dG fi .O

dG

2014 fj 12 aGG `g 1435 T e 14 G

d Ie cCG Y Jh jJ Y b zYGO{ :GdG


Gh eSEG SG jM Y J ,dG
.edG idG e
eSEG dhdG J EG j Je ``bCGh
15 G``YEG Y eCG G OG dGh GdG
Y hj We bGdG GdG e GY
. dhD kah ,cc a
UUdH GeYCG JG AD`g CG QOG VhCGh
``V``j``dG ````M``f ``` ` Gh ``W````dG ``e OG`` `aCG I````Y
,(OGH Z c 240) cc je Lh Z OTdGh
e I`````dG G`` b ``e ``j`````Yh O``` L ``K``Kh
.jCG cc Z ddG
e ``jO`````e EG ``` eCG ```bG``Y ````eCG QO````e ``d``bh
dG H je GNO IYdG J f J YL
Q```dG GTCGh G```dG f Ie ``cCG H LJ
.Wd ceh
GaGh IG SQM 250 GM CG QOG aVCGh
d hOG SQCG CG H iNCG je EG fG Y
bh .fH YbE FY T e G``ah
GhQ``M jOG EG dG SL ``Y``jh dG ``MCG
fCG VCGh .LGe e OGh kjCG G WdG
RHCG H G JG dG h``Z b eCH
f :d Fb JdG jW Y H FdG AYR
CG f ``d``d H ```Y f hCG `` ``c L
MS Gj CG WdGh G FHCG e GJ
H H hOG NOh .AdG IU b Gjh
GS GWCGh HY 60 G``M AKdG ``j Ae ``dP
.jG AS
````e Oh`` ` Jh G`` ` `dG `` ` cCG `` g ``` ` H I``` ` ` eh
.dG H bGdG aG

zGQM cCG{ f :fCG


dG bJG `a

cdG -OGH

cCG CG eCG H Id dhdG G YCG bh


.eh UG QG e Gh``a e ``dCG 500 e
H ``j`````dG ``e G```c GO`` Y g EG `````G ``d``bh
jG FdG dG ce CG EG Ie ,fG
Gf ```dEG ```U``dG e ```HQCG ``e ``dD`G
.Qe We Ybd
W cGe EG Le j fCG aVCGh
jG GQdG GSG CG HJh .MG
Ye dG eh G``bCG Y GS hj dGh
h .V ``FG```dG WMG H ```U``G ``Y
QdG ie bGdG dG YdG bG ,dG Gg
G``Mh J G L ``H````dG ``F```dG
jGS e bGdG eG e dH eCG

. idG eCG gCdG d


dGh G``` dG ```e```SEG dhdG J `` YOh
dG UG je gFGhO EG IOd dhdG Xe
a ``e ``MR```dG O``Y ```H ``bh ,Ah``` dG ``gO````j
.T e f e cCG if
bEG H UG e J FdG GY GJ h
OT O`` aCG ``e H ,i````f ```a``` Qh``` G ````SO``c
e f gOY j dG UG S jh .Y
G b e b d jG VJ e T
QfCG (OGH Z c 60) LdG je j c
```e```SE G dhdG J jCG Y j ```dGh
S H O``aCG ah ,```dG jGH e dGh G```dG
.jG

```Sh ,``j``dG ``` U ```a`` ``W```T Q````e O`` `aCG


eSEG dhdG J e e kGOY q CH ,eCG GdG
ce jJ je Y GhS YGO dGh GdG
.aG
Y dc GhS ```YGO e CG QG ```VCGh
160 ae Y J dG jJ L YdG e
. Rf jedG H ,OGH Z T c
``jCG S jJ je CG eCG QOe O``aCGh
cTG H ed gG G e Y
.IOhe Yd EG J a Y
,OGd jPG jdG U a UY ,jJh
bGdG ``dh``dG S ``Y j a ce ``K
(OGH T c 350) UG je S H ej
bGh .jOL Je ``jCG if a ce
YGO dGh GdG eSEG dhdG J e
e dG GhMGh UG cdG dG eCG
e Qe ``bh .``F``g``c dG Xe ``e O``Y
GbG YGO e EG ,if a
SG i````f ```a`` ```c``dG dG
``LQ``H ``g ``j``dG `````X``e Gh``` ` MGh ``` U``G ``H``` L
.Rj QJ RhG cdG dG H SeHO
AKdG GNG ``b G``f``c YGOe CG cj
UG EG Le Gfc G cJ MT FS 28
H ``fhQ`````SEG Ae ``e ``j``dG ``jR f A```KG
.UG AHc EG cJ
ac Y YGO IS e MGh j H dP JCj
jcG eG ``YEG Sh UG SDeh We

FdG e U GgGh ..dG eH j ObdG Th AHdG fG


IYdG J Yh ```G fG
dG ObG GSG EG O```dG A```fG
``eG G``b aJh .dG GOG`` jG ``LG``J ``e
Be ```Y `````dG ```eh G ```LG``
dG A```fCG ``d``ch ``d``bh .AHdGh dG
N GLg Fb ``LQ EG (CS) SdG
``j O``` dG ````H QC` ` e ```a`` A``H````dG
HdG QdG fG EG iOCG AKdG
G CG dcdG cPh .iNG Weh AU
d e dh MCG ``fG ``b
JQH ```H```G I````T ```a`` A``H```c
`````jh .A`` ` ` HQG `` j G``` ` ` ``H `````
h`` ` dGh A`` `j`` `KG ``` ` ` ` G ``` ` dG G`` ` L
.jOd IQhG dhdG QGSG Y HdG
ed ````YO I````G ``j``dG ````Uh
G``F```H ```J``b ````g GQG`` e ````Th ````Gh
j fG j jOe Y QW hH
.IYd

FdH MWCG dG HdG HdG LMG


. 2011 Y dU G Y Y HdG dG
``` H``fCG ``` N ``` Y ``` ` ` dG `` e`` Mh
O``b``dG e AGd GOG`` jEG e ``dh``dG
.HdG hdG aCG AGdG dJ e jj
HQ Y FdG e eCG VZ S OOQh
Jh MdH dJ GQ```Y O``g Qe
dG Gg T G bh .OdH
..L EG JM M eG fL e
Y GMj CG j .e h jH h AHc
fe ``gO``Yh AU S VGh .QdG
GdG hCG dH dRe IA```VEG EG f
ddG gH UCG ObH J dG UG
J dG HdG e Jh .IjGe LQH
dH QhG HUEG jdG Y
Hj QT e QGT ZEG EG dG aO
.SFdG b e UG Og e
G````VGh dG dG O`` iOCGh

RjhQ -AU
Og Qe HQ Y dG FdG iLCG
FdG GQGR``dG e GOY T ``jQGRh jJ
dG A``` ` ` SG ``Y````J ``` Sh A`` ` `HQCG `` j
FHdG QdG fG H ``e SCG Id
dG A``` fCG ``d``ch ``d``bh .Q``` ` SCG ``` JQGh
````dGh ```d``G AGQRh ````T ``j````dG EG (C` ` ` S)
QN G e .jNBGh LQGh
eCG AU UdG dG FdG e
fG e d eG SEG EG IYd
ej ``NO Y ```T``jh ```j``G j AHd
.jdG jdG dG eh ddG
j ``dG UdG A``H````dG ````fGh
HfCG N jJ G ```SGh f Y
e ihT jd Fb LQ fL e dG
f XEG Ga WCG e j eG
e A``H````dG ````fG a Q```J G````S ``K

OdG V zMe ce{ Jh ..T jdG VQG


J J Y dG e jT b VJ
``ZEG h .```f Ve I``eGD` ej dhDe
QGb ``N H ej 19 EG J dLEG I`` U
G``f ``K``K ```Jh .dG ``g dG M
CG H dSH jHCG 30 GY N e G eCG
Oa jb AGQR``dG FQ GS W dG aQ
SGh .jCH dP H aVEG Ff SGh .Ve
h ```V``G ``````ZCG T ```dG ``e```G ``e G`` jRh
.2014 e J jJ

14

eCG XCGh FN d ``fEG G``dG b ,HN N h


M c ```fEG ``b HCG TdG ``e b QG
L HdG eSEG FdG YG ,L e .b
``bh .jd Y fN H ``g OdG CG HG
EG VJ dG jdG ... GOa a d j e EG
.Y fN
H SdG RCdG G GO Le jdG J bh
aG e GS YCG ``dG dG Ah```dG e TCG
jdG ``f``ch .``e``` Gh ```VQ```G G``` dG ``H ````S```dG

N Y ASH HS dhDe G``dG JGh


``dP `` `````LCG Q````e ``` YG``jE` Hh QhO Q````e
bY TT Y GdG VY ,JeJG Ydh .FGSEG
.V ae jh HM Y f fEG b FKh
S ``e `` `cCG ``` e ```VQ`````d hCG ``g I``g``` ` dGh
IQG``G H PEG jdG ``G e ZdH BG gMh
``e```JG ``e I```H Q````G ``Y```Jh .``j```e ``LQO ``` HQCG
e b e S VQG jOb b e WCG dG
.GdG

cdG -jdG
```V ``M``` ` e ce ``` ` j``` dG ``` VQ``` G ``` ` YCG
AKdG ``NC``e ``bh T ``N I``cD` e OdG
bh .GQh``dG GQe Y GdSG HS dhDe CG
eCG VQG IOb RHCG e gh GdG e HdG FdG
AfG H CGS G cG EG jgG e BG
Y QfG H a IhdG NG Sh LG Gg
.jSdG

RjhQ - dH
GQM ``cCG f S fEG eCG fG db
G 24 H IO``jR H dG GQO``` U ``
bh jOdG e U H VG dG
e CH NGdG GOM L QKCG FGGh
.dG
Y H iCJ C fCG e e ZdG Yh
X fCG EG RdG V Gf jdG QeCG
jdG H dG d Qe ``cCG dK
XCGh . 2012 Y EG 2008 Y e ShQh IG
dG e CG AHQCG eCG f dG jdG
Qe 5^85 EG d HdG H b Qd
.VG dG hQj
dG- jHL QS ObG jRh QTCGh
FG WGdG cGTG HM Qj
fCG IQG eYH aG ``e ``c``G
aGG GO````J ``cCG f EG -``c``e ```CG
HdG AcdH fQe dG U Y
.ce eYH SdG FG
``j``dhCG `````S ````dG G``g EG ```j``H``L `` bh
YdG FXh Ga EG dP iOCG d M
f H edG OY j dG fCG YadG
S ```j``H``L ``F``f `` bh .`````T `` dCG 200
GQOU Ea fGchCG eRCG H fG jHc
j ``e{ ```VGh .be G EG dG
g J d .```fG``chCG Y j ShQ Y
z.G bdG (U Y) aGe
dG GQO```U EG d jHc ``bh
jObG SS dh eCd IGOCG J CG j
SCGh HHO jJ Y aGG G EG QTCGh
``cCG J ``b ```e````dG O````dG ```e I````U
.HU

CH ShQ J fjH
fGchCG `a ee SCG
``` ` jO `` ` `j`` dG AGQR`` ` ` ` dG ``` ` FQ `` ` b
Oh``J ``` ` ShQ CG `````j `` `fEG ``` eCG h`` e`` c
fGchCG T S dGG dfG
``L/````S ``jQG``` U ``` e ``e````e `````S``H
.dG Y e J
e ``` j``dG ````` d h`` e`` c `` bh
e ... G ``g ``J``H ``` Sh``dG Fd ````b
```d`````fG `````Y ``` ` j `` e G `` M`` G
dG dY SG G S Y jd
Y `` e ``` ` J ``L/``` ` S ``jQG``` ` dG ``` e
e ``eO``b ```fG O````YG dG ``eh dG
JH ``e h``e``c LGh .NBG e CG
j C` `H ```d``Wh ```V``G ``` ` SCG ````f``a
FdG e j CGh fGchCG NdG Y
.ThQH hH

15

2014 fj 12 aGG `g 1435 T e 14 G

GQSG ac d OGSG Y IQGRdG


:ffG T Y be Y

YG IFGO - edG idG IQGRh e hdH z

{ gQJ YSCG U

www.manpower.gov.om
80077000: NdG dG N e dch

dG S d dG QWEG
zQGOEG gdG{
edG hdG e GOb
IM VjQ .O
e eG JSDe J dhO CG Qj Q
OGYCG OLh{ jJh G ddG hCG QGOEG gdG
LG J eG ILCG edG idG e
.zd dG
SDd jQGOEG dG IQU VJ h
FMEG dG EG IOdH dG eG
WdG cG Qj dG 2013 d dG
a (YCG dG ) eGh AMEd
Xe LEG Ea eG dH UG dG
edG idG e Xe dCG 148 H eG
XdG Y CG h ,2011 Y jf M WdG
KdG GdG ie Y UGJ eG dG
Gd edG dG Ea ,2014h 2013h 2012
je IOjR H dGe G S 2013 ` ` 2003
,ac dhdG ILCG G XG OGYCG %11
fdG WGG OY Jj CG GjJ ba
Xe dCG 215 e cCG EG ac eG SDG
.2013 Y jf
GjJ Ea 2014 dG d dG fRGe h
(8,664) H fRGG jQG ahG L
eG dG Xe JGhQ Ea ,jQ Qe
.2014 dG d fRGG jQe L e %50
dhdG ILCG e dG CG EG IQTEG Q
J Y J dG fG eG IQGRh dhDe e
fb QWEG XG e eG SDG LM
dhDe Z fG eG IQGRa ,fG eG
SDd jQGOEG dG N CG hCG gJ Y
g Y dhDe eM SDe a ,eG
,XdG JLQOh Xe OY jh jQGOEG
eM SDe c XG OY H Sda
SDG dhDe e dG M Hh JgDeh
.JGP
ILCG XG e IjGe OGYCG OLh CG c
Odh YLG ` ObEG bGd f AL eG
:G e
eOdG OGYCG e RGdH Y Ua aJ Y ` `
.UG dH UG dG S EG OG
J Y IaGdG edG idG J J ` `
dG cTh Be WdG edG idG
.HdGh LfEG SC UG
e IjGe OGYCG OLh Ea eG dh ` `
eG Y FGO WV j Y Y MdG
.JSDe OY cCG J EG d
Yh eG dG e Y jGe OLh ` `
Wh dSh JGdc UG dG gaJ
..aGGh eG jf Vh QGSGh dG
FGdG edG idG J EG iODj dG eCG ,gZh
.gQfG W e eG dG d
GSCG cM edh jObG f Lh eh
FGdG IdG CG cf CG H gQGSGh
edG idG JGhQh QLCG gQe G
Ib Y J dG GSCa ,IaGdGh WdG
j e Ea Yh .eGh dG Y dG dG
XG JGhQ) jQL ahc dG fRGe e
dG deh cTh Be aJ eh ,(eG
FGdG IdG ,a ed QLCG e UG
YJ Hh dG J dG G
.WdG ObG fCG
e eG SDG CG EG IQTEG Q
e J edGh e YdG eG dG hO
d dG J CG Z ,(G ddG) QGOEG gdG
jObG GQhV JLhCG EGh ,hG FGY
PEG ,bNCG Ze fCG c ,eG Hh YLGh
M d J CG WGe jYd eG LGh e CG
JSDe XJ N e dG dGh dG
eY dG Ua ad eG G e Ac
bfEG j dP c EGh ,Y Y MdG OGYCG jGJ
OGYCG OLd SDjh ,dhdG jM e ,e Z ,de
gdG dM g Jh d Y XG e aVEG
.QGOEG
eG SDG QGOEG gdG M jh
fdG adG GP edG hda ,iNC dhO e
,fS bCG hdG e gZ e Ife cCG ddG
gdG dCe HdG G hO dM QYG h
(jOdG GY) fS b H UN dM QGOEG
LfEG fCG e Od aVEG eY id LMh
a dG WdG edG idG cJ dG eGh
QGOEG gdG CG M .IaGdG edG id
dGh dGh e eCG .J j bGh EG
fdG adG GP hdG e gZh fhfEGh
J j bGh a QGOEG gdG Ea ddG
.YLG eCd M
CG Y edG idG J G jh
M edG idG jRJh g IOYE eGH J
d UGh dG YdG d dG LG
XG Y ASEG PEG ,dG eCH
GJH J b jQa GQGH eG SDG
Q.YLG

IgdG a G dG ja
VG dG N d eY 917 j
M J jh ,jdH WdG
H ce gGeh J
idG Y dGh ,WdGh jdG
.WG dG edG
dG AYOEG e hdG Yh
e fhJ j :FdG LCa
PCG eGhCG QGSG dG AYOEG
,J OGG QGGh Rd J
edG id M eGhCG QGSGh
QGSGh ,WG dG IaGdG
edG id G j eGhCG
fGdGh fCd dG IaGdG
.dG H G
GAGLEG EG jM Jh
edG idG V gPJG j dG
, a eh ,dG IaGdG
dG MUh edG GbCG NCGh
Hh ,Lh EG G dGh
edG idG Y dGh ,dG
,eGdG h ,WdG cG
edG idG MJ EG aVEH
eh .d c dG IaGdG
edG idG e G RHCG
dG fd dGh IaGdG
fcdG) G dG
.(TOdGh
dG bGh N e :VCGh
e Y G LGJ edG
ddG dG RHCG eh ,dG
c j M ,edG idG jJ
ddG g H dG UCG e
eh ,dG jJh IaGdG
jdH V dG dG N
G g dG MU CG j
edG idG jJ Y TG
.IaGdG
UCG h i j ah
,dG j a jdG e dG
,j dG UCG h :a
IgdG a e dG UCa
ZCa e UGdG ddh
eCGh .jdG GLGj e YS
Hdh iNCG ad dH
aJ d dG UCG e UGdG
UGdG HU a Y fH
Q.e

FdG MQ
a HdG dG ReG
M Hfh dG jhh IgdG
H M ,dG a HdG
dG IaGdG edG idG OGYCG
(917) 2013 Y N WG
.UNh Q H d eY
jdG LGJ dG HdG Yh
dCG CG MCG jGH :FdG b
e Hhd aH YCG LQ
,e f dG dG hdGh
Y LGJ HU gCG dh
BG SH fH OLh Y g
HU j SDG d
cdG UNh e UGdG
NCJ Y j aG QN e
idG CH GAGLEG PJG AHh
.WG dG edG
CH FdG M VhCGh
ah ,dG d e dG
dG ja H dG j
:a ddG jYdG IFGOh G
IQjH dG IFGO e j
Y G H eJ ICe CG
GPEa ,eY ib GSG NGJ
H ej d CG GhLh
ihd dHh .jd dMGh
IaGdG edG idG Y J dG
j K eh Y dG j dG
.SG AGLEG PJG
dG ja H hdG Y eCG
,fdG Y WT Hh G
OGaCG e 2 OY Lj fCG EG QTCG a

edG idG IQGRh J Q


IaGdG edG idH k dH k egG
FGdGh dG fb MC dG
,dG H G dGh
iG Y JQN H dPh
,ObGh YLGh eCG
IQGRdG OH dNEG EG aVEH
Y UMh ,dG S J
QOGdH jd dG RL jJ
idG e d SG FSdGh
JM J Hh dG edG
hCG J a j dG bGG Y
.dG edG idG AGjEG
G dG ja jh
V Y c QhH IgdH
fd dG IaGdG edG idG
jQGRdG GQGdGh dG dG
.edG G j d IG
dG ja Y cCG dh
M e fQh H WG Gh
FQ ,FdG N H N H
YCH FdGh dG GMh b
a G dG ja je
jdG j b dGh IgdG
e cCd BG L Y dH
,dG dG fH eGdG ie
GQGdG H GdG e cCdGh
edG idG Vh ,jQGRdG
GWCG Heh ,dG IaGdG
edG idG J Y dhDG
,ffdG eGdG h ,dG
IaGdG edG idG MJh
GdG e cCdG EG aVEH ,dG
H OGaCGh BGh SDG
.jQGRdG GQGdG Jh
j dG YCH j ah
,dG jOe dG e H
idG M j :FdG b
GAGLEG AfEGh dG edG
FMEG H f M ,G
jSh jTh YSCGh ej
j dG dG G Y
UG Bd dG ja H
ie Y J dGh jQdGh
jh ` Y jh) IgdG a
We dch ,(j jh ` V

IAVEG

zdG GQhO{ SCG e QLCG ie bh dG fb MCG J Y


ANCG QGJ H fEG FG e ITe Z
AGOCG ie VfGh jQdGh IQG d dG
a ,jQhdG Z VEG dG YS dJh
jG hdG VfG dch ,IAdG f GQY
Ic QeCG LfEG fL QKBG e Y Jj eh
g dhDG Ff CLd bH dJ M d
dG jdG J GMGh ej GhOOJ h cdG
.FG g S QLCGh JGhdG a QGJ
FN dP Y Jj dG GQhO e Jj eY
JCj fBG dEG fTCG dG jOG FG H iNCG
,aG cdG id d GAdG g ee
QdG ie GL J M ie c jCG cT ch
Fa ,fG Gg AGL e j CG dG
ADg H j dG GQGh gDG IQN Y J
fd f GKCJ TCG FN EG b H ,edG
dG JGSG Gh G QGSCG j dG
,FXh H Y GWG hCG gOGYEG XG QT
IQNh GAdG IQN JQN cdG Y a
d H GQJ JQG Jgh dG QGSCG
Q .cdG gKCJ

Z edG idG Y Ic LQH e eGdG g


cCG KCda aGh IgG edG idG eCG ,IgG
IQGOEG Y gVQ Y EG Oj dG J JGQGb
h ,XdG Qd MG UdGh QLCGh JGhdG
e cd Ic gCG GP YdG g CG
Ea cdG LfEGh AGOCG IKDe INh gCJh IQe
KCdGh gCG QLCGh JGhdG IQGOEG j dP
Y cdG a S g IG JQGOEG C ,f
ha ,dG G SCGQ G G JhK Qe
IQH YCG LGJ gDGh IgG edG idG
Ua G cdG a bdG J e Ggh IOM
d GL dY QLCGh JGhdG IQGOEG Y
.dG J GQGb cJ dG KCdG H G
GQhO e JQG Y dG FG e Yf gh
j eh dG J dJ e ITe FN ,dG
,dG QJ MEG dJh jdG jQd jQe e
jdG dG GAGLEG Y U e j eh
MG dJ dch ddG GQGh gDd UN
e G edG Z e bCdG a j dG dfG
FN gh ,jL Xe EG dhDe fGh dG

GcJ jdG edG OY J N e G Gg M


Jh ,ed LEG OdG Y dG N cdG
GQhO e JQG j e AGL e gCG dG g
GQhO e J IOdG h ,gH dJ e dG
KCJ dh gZ e YCG IgG Z ddG dG
,iNCG dH dMEG dd Oh cdG AGOCG dP
IgG edG idG e IN GL J G dh
,e a dG GQhO e c EGh M aGh
IQGh jQdGh gCdG fGH J cdG C
dG J eY dG g CG c ,H j dG
aG id f YdG d gJ fEa
.JN dG cdG Y Gc GQV j Ggh
VQ Y Y GTDe dG GQhO e JQG j
H Qj dd QLCGh JGhdG ie Y edG
GP QLCGh JGhQ Y NBG e dGh dG J
dG J GQGb J iNCG M h ,aCG ie
JGhdG IQGOE G SdG Y VdG H Je
J bh ,XdG Qd MG UdGh QLCGh
Z dG c dG GQhO e JQG iNCG eGY
KCJ dh ,FdG dG be hCG dG Z hCG eBG

jh ,eG J dG GQhO Y j Q
bdGh dGh dSG :gCG SCG Id dYCG SdG
GQhO e jh IadG hCG VGh dGh dGh
N dG cj jdG edG d ah dG
JQG J GPEG fa G S a H Y Ia
IQhV j dP a OG ed dG GQhO e
J dSCGh LdGh dGh QNG SS jJ
YL e aGdG Y JY Y EG LdG OdG
ed dG GQhO e CG JG GPEG H dG
CG j fa jW Ia e XdH GdG jdG
cG dGh bdGh dG Ua IFGdG aJ
jYdG Ua aJh QLCG SS jJ fL EG
e OLh dG GQhO jh ed YLG
ZdG Y EG iODJ JbY hG dG hX
h JGQGOEG iMEG hCG H dG UGe
fG iG NGdG dG S dG GQhO j CG
bh NGdG dG Y j e hG NCG EG b e
.iNCG cT EG fGh cdG J CG LQN j
e bG jQhO IQH jdG OQGG IQGOEG Jh
jh ,dG GQhO e MUG Y jh ,dG J

eG dO
.Ggh fY jQ (1350) NO j CG j fEa e eY jd c GPEGh
IQG SdG
NJ QGUEG SQ .Q 1
dG bH SQ .Q 140
S Ih eY c Y .Q (141) G
JjJh (2005/48)bQ QGRdG QGdG ah
:Me
OdG G QOZ GPEG a MGh jQ e NJ QGUEG `1
M Y Gg j h a IMGh Ih dNO jQJ e ej 90 N
.hdGh ddG f
.KQdG ch EG dG MU Iah dM edG eN f Rj `2
Q .bdG Y G eGdGh SdG ASG IYGe `3

.(WCG MCG Oe IOT hCG ,GhdG Y) YLG dG KEG


MCG j CG bdG Md NdG T ASG Y dM Rj
Y a hCG edG Y dP jh ffdG G ac H HQbCG
.ddG OQGdG NdG T e G j CG
Y hCG G e aQEG j hdG hO WG dH eCG
e NdG KEG Y jdG e YCG IOQGdG hdH GdG e QjEG
.IQdG
LhG Zh eQCGh d e eY GSH NdG e Rj
.YCG hd k ah
c GPEG hCG G eY GSH LhG WGd jdG Rj
dH e eY hCG e eY LJ h fY jQ (350) dG NO
fY jQ (850) NO j CG j fEa e eY jd c GPEGh ,LhR

FS ,e eY) G NGO d ee GSH Nd Q


.(M eh W ,WCG He ,UN
HG GG
.fY Z eY ib W IQSG
dG Md NdG KEG
QjEG OY -3 TCG 6 I H M c hCG -2 JGQ IOT -1)
fY jQ (350) Y j CG Y (TCG 6 Y J jdG e Ie
NO L h ,Ggh fdG ed fY jQ (850) ,hCG ed
.fY jQ (350) Y j H hCG ed dH LhdGh hdG
Rj h jQ (1000) Y dG NdG j CG (cdG) ed dH eCG
.LhdG NO L
.dG dG bdG e f

WT c

2014 fj 12 aGG `g1435 T e 14 G

16

GfG e FHC ISCG He

GQG eOEG jW hCG d QdG NJ :WdG


99/17 `` bQ ``` ` ` ` dG ``` S````H
GSG dM HdG Y f
q
FGG i`` `MEG `` ` `JQG ``` U``b
dGh (43) IOG Y UG
HY Y fdG Ja b
Ub GSG dM G``YEG
UG ``FG``G i`` MEG ``` JQG
c ```g ``eh .IO`` G ``g Y
Lhe IQ``` N GQOEG ``e ``H
M dG G`` KD` `Gh GQ``` G
,LGe ``````G ````Y ````j
bd k Ua G AYEG Yh
aJ N e dPh d k V
GJdG e ``G SCG G
QRh ``` ` gGh ``j``Y``dG eh
```HGh`` `dG `` j`` ` `Jh ````j``d ``````dG
e ae IQh``` Vh .``j``` SCG
M dSCGh gQGVCGh GQG
aGh FHCG
.KGH bdG e Y

bGY ``d GQ`` ` `G ``W``` J Eq G


WG ``H``` UEG J ````Nh
dG `` ` ` VG`` ` ` eCG `` ` e `` j`` ` `d`` H
bh ,k` `f`` ` `MCG `` `G EG ``` ` J `` b
Hh ``fG``` ` SG EG ``e``G ````j
EG `` fk `` ` `MCG ``` ` ` jh ,``J``` ` `
Y A`````SGh bdG
Eq G ``` c .Q`` ` `G AG``` ` d `` j`` NBG
b G ``NGO WG bY
AGfG EG Adc kfMCG KCJ
cG ``LQ``d ``` ` Jh ``d``` dGh
N e eG q f Y KDJh
Oj f bh GJd Vq J
.QfG EG kfMCG
GQ`` ` `G `` Lh`` e ``` ` H ````j
G`` ` ` ` ` ` MCG IAG`` ` ` ` ` ` H `` `` ` ` ` ` ` S`` `H
H GQG Y fNjh
,G Y Gh S jhJ
GQG ```a```e ``f``b Cq G ``ZQ
QOdG dG dG G``KD`Gh

J .OG``G J Y jdGdG ``MCG


I```c ```dhD```e ``` SCG ```Y
eH ,dG QU UNh AHCG
jG ``` ` JG ``F```S``d ````UCG
eCG ,GQ`````d ``jh``dG QhO
N ``e A````dG Y ``KD`j ``dG
Y k` eG``d ````UCG ```c .```H ``KC``dG
e ``a```eh ```F```HCG He A`` HBG
kjOJ FSdG g e fhgj
IhY GQ``` G ``KG``H ``b```d
ch ``` F``b``` UCG ``a``` e ``` Y
.ZGa bhCG Ab
eJ CG ISCG c e jh
Heh Q`` `M ``` H ``W``` ` G `` e
ee eeh JaJh cS
eCG ````SCG GSGh M
OGeEG Yh OTQEGh fh e
IQhV `` e Q`` ` `G AG``` ` d `` `` H
Y ``bEG jW f H NCG
.GQG

```b ``a ```e ```V


q d```c Hh``` I```Le

jDhdG - e
d `` ` `` ` ` WCG `` `N`` `J `` ` `j
WdG EG jODG MGG i``MEG
GQ`` ` `` ` ` G `` ` ` `Y `` ` ` `N`` ` ` `dGh
id G`` ` `dG ``g``` ` jh ,`` ` ` `eOEGh
AdG A``b```UCG ```aG``eh ``` WCG
Ab dG a UNh
cdG SQ GdG ``bh
WJh ``` ` dG ``N``` c ``` W``G
.GQG
`` `` ` ` ` ` ` SG `` ` ` M `` ` ` ` `j `` ` ` ` `c
G`` ` ` ` `MCG `` ` `` `` `Jh `` `j`` `` ` ` ` dGh
WG O`` `` ` ` ` YGh ``W``` ` ` ` d
e ``` J OG`` `G ```J Cq ` ` H ``F````dG
H ``` ` ` ` ` dGh ``````G `` d`` G
FdG ``` ` SCG ``e ````W```J
,GMCG b e GQG Wd
``G Me EG aVEH
`` eOEG ``d``ch GQ````G Q`` J

H jQdG G Ud S

WT IOH FG dGh jdG IQGOEG LQ dCG


jq SBG q G e T Y dG IgdG a
.H QGh QG IRM H
LQ qEG fdG ``` Y ``W````H hD` ` ` e Q````e `` bh
H ``e``` j ``U``` ` TCG ````H CG EG G````U``J ``j``` ` dG
dG T `````oV ```H`````Hh ,```d````dG ``Hh````G
.WG e c eh
EG MCGh dM G ffdG GAG``LEG JG bh
.d dG AYOG

GQe J IQhO
QG e edG
WdG T WH
a WT IOH NG
GQe J IQhO WdG T
cQ Q``` ` G `` e ``e``` ` dG
OG`` `aCGh ````dG ````V ``e O``Y
IOb `` cG`` eh GQGOE` ` ` H ``` e``` dG
.WdG ````T ```a`` ``W```T
Qh I``Y IQh`` `dG J ``bh
cQG ``j```J ``` `q `gCG FQ
dGh ``j``` ` ` dG ``` ` ` ` d``H
e ``e``` ` dG ``` ` ` ch ,`` ` `` `fEG
LGdG dGh G CG
eJ AKCG eCG LQ gaGJ
.QG e
J EG ``` ` G ``` J ``` c
`` g`` jh`` Jh `` cQ`` ` `` `G Q`` `` ` e
dH G eRdG GQH
`` ` `` `fEG `` ` `` `` `dGh ``j``` ` ` dG
ad ``` ` ` `` e`` G `` ` `Jh
.G FGT

dG IQhO .. jhdG QKBG Y dG W


GQeh Qe J EG IQh``dG ag .YSCG I jdGh jhdG Y dG Wo ee IQhO dG jQJ e Y
,NCG W jhJh dG GRGLh GG jhJ eGh FdG dSCGh jdGh jhdG dSCG Y dG cQG
.dG PdG Hh H bdGh Y dG ch
.iNCG q SQ FKh jCGh GTCdGh dG GRGL UNh q SdG GG q dG jG FSh Y cQG q J c

ceh FG dGh jdG IQGOEH IgdG a WT IOb dCG


bS L HJQ jSBG G e KG e Y dG Y WT
.jQdG G MCG e
UTCG b Y Y WT ce EG OQh kZH qCG hDe Qe cPh
Y j (2500) ` H QJ jf de Y ASGh Q e bdH jdG
. Y jQ (700) ` H b QJ df JGg bH EG aVEH
HJQH ``a``YG ``bh dG `````G ```Y `````dG ``` ` dGh ````d``Hh
ebh NGdG EG dGh G H e G EG NdG H dPh bdG L
.bdH
k
.G dGY EG d G dG AYOG EG dMEG q bh
J Yh G NJ jQdG G UCG fdG Y WT YJh
H jG bGG FSH fSGh dEG UdG j ceCG dG dG
.jQdG J

WdG H GQfl b e bJ
WdG T a WT IOH dG GKDGh GQG ae IQGOEG LQ dCG
IOH Qe cPh .IQG OGH QGh WJh JR UT jH e Y dG
q ``fq CG WdG T a WT
jhdG Q Y e Yh ,G Y dG
de deh
e d dG AYOG EG MCGh ,G M G ffdG GAGLEG JG bh
.d d kG
GQG a hdG e jG EG Gh WGG fdG Y WT YJh
G Y JH dPh q dG GKDGh GQG Lhq e H j YCG jq CG Y HEGh
.(9999) QGdG Jg YhCG (1444) NdG

GQfl b e 6 V
e S e a dG GKDGh GQG a edG IQGOEG V
NO KG e H e dG G``KD`Gh GQG WJh jhJh IRM b
.Yhe Z jH OdG
CG H hCG G Y dG iL fCG fdG Y WH hDe Qe cPh
S HJ e dHh ,``NBG e EG GQG e q c H j gh gT
c ``e O``Y e Vh e a ``e be We ``j``NBG e
.dc (127) EG Uh jhdG
q bh
S dG AYOG EG dG e MCG a dG eP Y G M
.G G EG d kG e dG
WGG ej dG eH k dH kegG J fq CG fdG Y WT cDJh
H gJ dG eG g J OOdG Yh hdG e je EG YGO ;Gh
.GQG QfG e h Lhq G Y dG T

17

He

2014 fj 12 aGG `g1435 T e 14 G

GQjR J zH{
jd fGe
IQGOE JGSEH
NGdH jdG

dG WGTH ee Z ICe 82 ZEG

2014 e hCG HdG FGdG OGG e W 8498 JEG :WdG L jH je


dG dh WdG L

jDhdG NGdG
HdG fdG cdG J
IQjR ``` dG z````H{ dG ``e``
jdG eYEG e Od
dH `` ` `e`` YEG ``` ` ` SD` G
J `` ` `dG ``jQ``` ` ``H ``` ` j``` ` d
H ,AcHh HH jh kdM
LGJ dG jdG VJ
H jdGh ,jQe J
dG QG``` VCG O````d ``M```G
jdG dG ``W Y dG
WGG QDJ VCG dG FGGh
.Gh
fGe IQjR ,eCG zH{ fh
jdG hD` `` `` `dG `` ` A`` ` `` `YC
Wd ,```Hh ```eh OCG ``j``H
jdG IQGOEG jQe e OY Y
jh e O``Y gJ Q``G
GH V ,NGdG a
G JGSEH jdG
.dH jdG IQGOEH
Y H G Y SG QTCGh
bEG O``` Y ``F``` ` NCG ``bh``` G
dG O``Y IO``jR CG EG cdH
dGh ``````G i`````e `` ` `JQGh
dG JEG Yh YGQdGh YdG
eh `` ` `fh ``` L `` ` `F`` G
c IOjR EG iOCG dG jdG
e gh ,be Z H jdG
dHh ,dG f IO``jR EG iOCG
e ``` dG ``j``` ` dG IQGOEG `````UCG
.dG hO edG QeCG
`` H `` ` `MCG ``S``` ` G `` `Yh
cdH `````dG ``j``e ``M``` ` ` dG
Gh cdG JGSG Qh
d edG efdGh dG
EG kG````e ,````dG ```fh ``jQ````G
C````J ````j`` ``` 6 O`` Lh
f Y J NGdG a
SdG OG EG jdG jdG
b ``K .``` e ``j``H ``Y `````
Y je Qef Q``W SG
cdH SdG OG`` `G J
dG ``jQ````G k``F``e k``V``Y
gCG Y kGcDe ,cdG gJ
ah SdG OGG AfE dG
.kdhO IG UGG
dG CG EG IQ``` TEG Q`` h
J eb G gCG ``cQOCG
,FGOCG jJh jdG b IQGOEG
cdG A`` ` `` `fEG ``` Y ``` f `` ` ` dGh
dG ``e`` HdG fdG
`` ` `S`` G `` L`` `` ` `dPh ,z`` `` ` ` ` H{
H ,( 2009 / 46) bQ dG
JGSEG `````Jh OG`` `YEG ``` J
Jh IQGOE dG eM
,dG `` `j`` `` ` ` ` dG `` `` ` b
e IjL Me EG H NdGh
IQGOEG SQ aCG J N
aG j LG jdG
jdG e dGh dG Y
dPh ,dG dG ```d``H
H ```Y``a ``cG```T O``` jEG ``N ``e
Gh ``U``Gh ```dG YdG
aOg jYJ N Jh ,``G
.jdG fEG e d

UGd He dG eh Gh G`` dCG


.IG SdG
GAGLEG c Y TG LdG CG zFdG{ VCGh
adG M ``e YG ``NGO YJG ``LG``dG dG
ed dG edGh fEG N afh ,edG
dc `````T ``` c ,``j``` G `` VG`` eCG ``e ``g``` Nh ,``` H
```dG ````WCG ``W``` G ```Y``J He
VGh ``Jh``dGh ``H``W``dG ``e Je ```e Y
LQO jG VY bGe EG aVEH ,G
F Y f e ah U d SG IQGG
jZCG ```H `` G``` dG ``e ``cC` ` dGh ,``j``` G ```H
dGh ,G UdG eN F IOQGdG WGTH
,UdG eN IG GQdG GSG Y J
F IQG HdG J j S fCG Y kGcDe
G H jdG ```d```G ``Y GAG`` Gh ``eG```dG
dGREG ``ZEG M EG J dGh ,dG YGh
.dG

dG dGh dG HbdG I``FGO je VCGh


a G OQG``eh bEG jd edG jjH
T OY H FbdG dG fCG WdG L
,(35375) hCG `````dG ``H``dG ``N ``````dG `````G
(%38) Hh (13473) O```H ````S``dG jH ``c``Jh
jH ``c``Jh (738) ``eO```dG ```G `````T O``Y ```Hh ,
.(%44^5) Hh (329)OH SdG
Jh h OG``YEG H LdG q ``fCG VhCGh
eS fH IQG dG WGTG ``ah ,``j``ZCG
PJGh ,``j``ZCG ``e ``f H H G ``FG```dGh AG```dG
Y J ```FG``Z e CG ```H``b``dG GAG`` `LEG
,eOBG Sd U Z hCG OdGh dG eY
dG ```e ``LR``` dG `` j`` ZCG ```M `` Y ``e ``cC` ` dGh
d IG hCG G ``j``ZCG e ````SCGh ``LGh``dGh
UG FdG OGe Y J kW ,IMGh LK
,jdG ``` L``dG `` ``` ` WCG ``j```Jh ````H
e jZCd aG OGG L J CG e cCdG dc

GQdG NGJ QGUE dG LEG H FGdG OGG


,(331) OY FGdG OG``G fh QG Th G d
(15) dG e QHBG NGJ OY Hh , (%67,3) H
,(%60) Hh (9) OH SdG jH cJh NJ
dG Jh bG NGJ OY LEG eCG
NJ (2319) iNCG G fCGh HG Zh
Hh `````N``J (1429) O``` H A``c``H ``j```H ``c``J
cJh (5) dG Ge NGJ OY ``eCG ,(%61,6)
NGJ O``Y ```Hh ,(%60) Hh (3) ``HG```dG jH
NJ (1114)O``Y de SCGQ M cdGh SDG
Hh (500) O``` H ``````G ``j```H ``g``cCG ``c``Jh
Y Th (3) Obh NGJ OY Hh ,(%44,8)
.hG OGhh fh SdG jH e c NJ

LEG H :FdG b ,jdG HbdG h


LGhd jQdG QG``Gh d jQdG FG O``Y
cJh (62) ````SCGh ``LGh``dGh ````dG H ``h
LEG Hh ,(%74^1) Hh (46) OH AcH jH
cJh ,(8,498) dH LHG fGG OGYC dG
LEG e (%62^7) Hh (5335) OH AcH jH
```dG ````dG O``Y ```Hh ,``d``````H ``M``H``G ``fG``` G
(978)OH AcH jH cJh (1587) dH bJEG
aJEG ``` dG ``` ` dG ``` LEG ``e (%61^6) ``````Hh
H ```a ```G ``e ``a````G ````dG c ``eCG .``d``````H
(1995) OH SdG jH cJh c (2108 ) fRh
.dH aG dG LEG e (%94^6) Hh c
fh QG Th G d GQdG NGJ h

jdG Y je dG S H TGQ SG cCG


jjG CG WdG L a G OQG``eh bEG
OG J UGJ aG jHh jd edG
`` j`` ZCG `` H`` bQ `` ``` H``b``dG ``` J``L `` N `` e
OG`` G ``` H `` ``` e ``jQ``` ` dG ``` ` ` d I``` ` ` dGh
Jh gGh YGh cGdGh GhGh FGdG
jRJh ``` Hh ``````J `` ``````dG `` WG`` ` TG
jdG LdG H dP ,FGdG G
AGdG eH UG WGTH eGdG e cCdGh
e a edG N dch ,G g dG Hh
.je VGeCG CG
HbdG IFGO je FdG N L H S bh
jd ``e``` dG ``j``j````H `````dG ``` ` dGh ``````dG
j `` fq EG ```W```dG ```L ```a``` ``` G OQG`` eh ``````bEG
dG dGh dG ``H``b``dG Mf ``e dG
kGJ aG jHh jjG AG```dG eS ``
IFGH jjG Vh dG edG fGG d
,aG ``j``` Hh `````dG ``` ` dGh ``````dG ``H``b``dG
FGdG OGG e kW (8,498) IQOeh JEG M
316 JEG V OY Hh ,QG dG e hCG HdG
,dG WGTH e ``Z ``jQ`` `k ` 82 Zh
.U d 168 fL EG ,d (542) j h
QGUE dG LEG H jdG NGdG h
G e gZh FGdG OG``G Hh fG NGJ
Y (266) Q`` G ```dG ``e hCG `````dG ``H``dG ``N
OH G jH ``c``Jh ,aG ``jh ie
gGh YG NGJ O``Y Hh ,(%42) H (112)
cJh NJ (253) dG J geh Yeh
.(%45^5) H (115) OH AcH jH

dhdQGOEGRHXe42cQ jde jQJeGH3jzedGIQGOEG{


dG Y gh gCdGh jQdG
.fHdG ``` e``G i`` c `````jQ```dG
jQdG hDe GQe J EG Jh
dG GhOC`` ` H ``g``jh``Jh `` ` FGOCG ``j``` Jh
.dah IAH dYCG AGOCG e
YVG ``e ``j```dG IQh`` `dG ```b```Jh
gCG ``` gC` ` dGh ``jQ``` dG `` ````G
jh `` jQ`` ` dG `````Y `` ` ` cQCGh ``` ` e
dG `````J ,``` ` jQ``` dG ``L``` ` MG
.jQdG fRGeh N OGYEGh jQdG
d jG ```dG IQh`` dG bJh
eGdG J ,jQdG eGdG Jh
eGdG HbQ M If AYEG e jQdG
EG ``` fG``` e IQ`` ` jR ```````jh .``` ` jQ``` dG
IFGdG SDG iMEG QGc eL
JCJ dG jde jQdGh dG
.jdG eG H HGdG dG
QG ``` j CG ``b```j ````G ``j```f h
Y jQdG LMG j Y GQOb
Y IQdGh a j dG G ie
.jQdG d dG

.dG `` c`` G ``` ` dG IO`` ` L ``` N


G YVG e jdG G bJh
gCGh e :H ``e IO``G ``
e ,eG IOL Sb ch IOG
je ,edG IOG IQGOEG J GNh
.dGh HdG IOG FGL fh
M ``k ``````J ``M`
k `` T ````G ``````Jh
dG eh 9001 hjCG f
d fGe IQjR G jh .IOG
dG H Y Wd dG cG
G jf eDG eh .IOG
Y ``` ` dG ```Y GQk O`` ` b Q``` ` G ``` j CG
Sbh ``` ` gCGh ````G ```M ``e IO`` G
e jh ae e eG IO``L
.edG IOG IQGOEG J GNh
gG{ GY ddG G h
zjQdG e gCJh OG``YE jG
G Qjh ,fj 26 Mh 22 IdG
FGhdGh ```G ``e ck Qe (19)
.eG
G ``MCG ````G ```V```jh

Hch ddG J jeh G``D` Gh


c ``` fG``` e IQ`` `jR ``f``L EG ,``jQ``` ` dG
.GDGh VQd QGc
j CG bj dG G jf h
G ````aCG ``j`` ```Y GQO`` b Q``` ` G
e GDGh VQG e ddG d
SG ```Gh ``e``dG QNG Y IQ```dG
g jd dG aCG GSGh d
ee fGe Vh Y IQdG ,ddG
G ``e ``e````dG ```Y IQ`` ` `dGh ````d
edG Y IQdG N e dPh k eYEG
.G YGfCH YEG FSh e
jG{ G``` Y ```f```dG ````G ``` h
zedG IO`` ` G IQGOEG ``````d ``` ``` dG
GMh ``e cQe (15) cQ
EG G ```Jh .dhd QGOEG R```G
J GQ`` ` bh GQ``` e ``cQ``` ` G ``` ` cEG
G ``` e``` ` dG IO`` ` G IQGOEG ``g``` e
.dG d
dG GAdG ``MCG G Vjh
e `````jh IO`` `G `` ``j``` d``G

dGh G``D` Gh ``VQ```G J ``


QGc ``c``e ``b``e``e e `````j
.jd GDGh VQd
cQG `` ` ` cEG EG ``` ` G `` ` `Jh
IQGOEGh ``````d `` eR`` dG GQ`` ` `Gh Q`` ` G
.dah IAc H GDGh VQG
FQ Qh`` I`` Y ``e``f``dG ```b```jh
GDGh VQG G``fCGh e H e
`` ah ``` ` dG ``````J ``` ` ` ch ,`` ` `aG`` gCGh
GDGh VQd G OG``YEGh dG
fRGG OG`` `YEG ``YG``bh ````SCG be ``e
.GDGh VQd ddGh
efdG bj dG Qh```G R``HCG ``eh
ebE SG Gh edG QNG c
,OadG ebEG ,ddG Y bJ) ddG
be e (```G a ,YdG G
G ``` d``` SCGh I`` Y`` dG Q``` ` NG `````c
FSh e edG SCGh ddG jd
.ddG d G YGfCH YEG
eCG `` Wh ````b```e IQh`` ` dG ``````Jh
VQG J ```F````dG A``` NCG ``M

jDhdG e
GH ``e``` dG IQGOEG ``` ` e ``````j
KH Q`` G ````d ``` LQ``G ````jQ```dG
Xe 42 cQ jde jQJ eGH
RG G`` ` Mh ``` ` ``` ` ``` X``eh
G i``MEG ``e hdH dhd QGOEG
.jde beG jQdG
e hCG ,Ja Y eGdG Sh
IdG fdGh ,QG fj 19 Mh15
.fj 26 Mh 22 e
S Q`` WEG ``eG``dG ``g J ``JC` jh
dGh ``b``dG d edG IQGOEG e
dhdG Xe IAc jJh aQh G
AGOCG ie ```Y k` H``` jEG j ``e ``gh
.XdG
GH hCG jQdG G CG cj
zGDGh ``VQ```G IQGOEGh Jh OG`` YEG{
``e cQe fK a Q````jh
Vjh ,dhd QGOEG RG G``Mh
G jdG dG G``G ``MCG G

bYEG hP WCG QeCG AdhC SCG LdGh OTQEG fH j gCd eCG ce


d kah SCG b e JYGeh gJ
GV G Jh .IM Y dM
dG ``` ` ` V``dG `` `M `` `jO`` `` ` TQEG
J ``` ` ` ch ,`` `b`` `YEG hP ``` WC` d
M IVh ,bdG cG GQG
dG ``` WCG i``d ````dGh ````G ce
,dG ``Y C```H ``` jQ``Jh ,``Z``e``dG
q dch
GH jQJ Y M J
GQG J ````SCG J (a)
.bYEG hP AHCd aGh cGQOEG

AdhCH A``` d ``` Y ``e``f``dG ``` ` ` TGh


GOGN H IS dN K Q``eCG
LdG ``Y ``c``G I``j``e fdG
b ``e ``` J``YG``e ``` ` G ``` M``Gh
dG IR`` ` ` `LEG I`` `a `` `N I`` `` ` SCG
AHCG GQb J HjEG cQd
jQJ J c ,``` cGQOEGh fdG
H ``` U``G ``` ` gC` ` dG `` ` `dG ``j``` f
QeCG AdhCG EG cH G WCG
G GO`` ` TQEGh UdG e

jDhdG e
HdG ``` gC` ` ` d `` ` ` `eCG `` c`` e ``` f
hP UTCG hDd edG jjd
LdGh O`` ` ` TQEG ````f``H `` b`` YEG
QeCG A```dhCG dN ``e SG ,```SCG
,cH G ``b``YEG hP ``` WCG
QeCG A``` dhCG ``H UGdG J ```H
Gh ```F````NCGh ``c``G IQGOEG ``Hh
.G WCd IFa bCG d

QH edG bdG GhGG H IgX LGe dBG H Se J M Sd U Z FGZ OGe J zQX jH{
q
aSG Se J M J
ie Y bd ;FGdG OGG H
UG dG ``WG``` T``H ```eG```dG
g dhG UG G eGhCG Y
jZCG eS ``e cCdG EG aVEG G
q h Sd MUh
G ``N
.G FGdG OGG e c OY JEG

.JEd ```````G `` c`` eCG ``` ` ` Vhh


H eT H MCG b ,G GgCG Yh
dG hD```dG I``FGO ``j``e G ``Z
UGJ :``d``` U ``j````d ``e``` dG ``j``j````H
dGh HbdH G ``gO```L I``FG``dG
eh QhO H Gh fCG Y
M ,G```SCG jZCG eS e cCd

jDhdG dU

I`` `FG`` `H `` ` `` ` Q`` `` ` X `` j`` ` ` H `` `` ` ` ` JCG


jd ``e```dG ``j``j````H ``````dG hD` ` ` dG
dG ``Z FGdG OG``G H ,dU
gH ``c````dG ``e``b ```M `````S``d
jZCG HbQ b e dH fR

ihf jH jQh S VQCG b 45 Yb S


jDhdG ihf
dG dG JEGh jbdG W Y
e ``dPh ``VG``eCG g QfG e d
Y OjEG QcdG eb Fe VY N
be `` ```c ,```F``H``dG b ````FQ
N ``e ``j``d``H ```dG dG ```V``dG
Gh G dG GTDG VY
WGd ``e``` G ``````dG ``e````H
IQGR`` d ``````dG ``` ` ` SD` G `````Gh
eb UG dG SDGh dG
f ``` ` e ```j````G ``H``` U ``H `` W
ed edG jjH U ee
.bdG L a dG

UN ,G G G fL e
Gh`` ` `` `G `` ` H I`` g`` ` `H ``` ` ` j ``` ` a
AMCG Hh edG bdG cGdGh
beh ,``````dG ``` ` TCG `` ```````dG
fe e QOdG dG dG e G
.jdH edG cdG
IY Hh LG ILCG be h
GG NBG Y WG gCG Qh
ShdG ```````dG R`` ` `G `` VG`` eC
ShCG ``` ` dG ``eR``` e ``V``e ```U``N
GffCG `` V`` eh { `` fhQ`` c { ````````dG
bdGh ( H1N1) j e hCG jRG

dG M QU
dG d ``` dG ``` ` LG ```Y
M dG SFH 2014 d QU jH
QU Gh ``F``f `````S```dG `````S ``H
QcdG QHh dG dG FQ
eG ``j``e ``` ` dG G``` Y ``H ```Y
AYCGh dG Qe QU jH dG
.jdH dG dG
Jh `` ` `LG`` e `` `` ` ` ` LG `` ` `` `Th
hCG ``` ` L``d ``` H``` ` dG ``` ` U``` dG
UdG g e J e VSGh

a SEd edG ``j``j``G ``LCG


VGQCG e Om Y Y Yd kS NGdG
dH ``e``````d ``jQ``` ` dG ```````dG
,2011 Y IQGR``dG be Y fhdEG
q ``` M
S `` ` VQCG ````b (45) ````S
OGhh Jh dG M jQ
cdG Mh IOdG Mh GdG Mh S
.ihf jH AWh dGh Gh
HdG bH kdM jjG Jh
aJ ``` ` M ``` a``` G `` ` `jh ``` `
db `` `` ` W`` `G i`` ` ` ` `HCGh ,`` ` `` `` `G
f jh dS H HdG AG``LE
dG b e Gh Iq G GOGSd
.dG AGLE G

He

2014 fj 12 aGG `g1435 T e 14 G

dG HCd dG IQdG e Sc Y SHb dG eL


Y dG hDe YJ CG dG
g eh ,FGdG eCG JGSEG J
jObG IAdG :dG fCG
LfEG f N e dG e S
eG YdG aJh VJ Ie GP
dG IQ``` ` dG e ```S`````d ``H```e
QdG GQOU Jh ,(NCG hdG)
IQGOEG ``` ` h IO`` ` G ```` `` N `` e
GQOdG ``j```Jh ,Q````dG ``V``Y ee
fGd `` ` `` `eG `` `N `` e ``` ` ` ` ` dG
(SPS) JdG dGh dG
JGSG ``e``bEG gCGh,dG IQdG
OYG He d WMG hG
V `` eh ,``` ``` dG IQ``` ` dG `` ` `dBG ``` Y
G jQJ IQGOEG kjCG dG fCG
QhOh ,kY MG dG GhOCG N e
G h``d ObG edG Q``
Nh .```````dGh ``` YGQ``dG IQ````dG J
4 ``J``e ```S```dG G``g qC` `H ```j``M ````Z``H
dG IQ``` ` dG `````e ```````Sh G``` ` S
.jQG d edG YdH

FGdG `` `eRCG `` M ```c ``````dG


QSCG JQG M,2008 d INCG
je EG SSCG FGdG OG``G
GOGeEG f Mh be Z
.dG GSCG FGdG
``FG```dG `` eCG `````JG```SG CG `` cCGh
Y JJ HdG h``dGh G h``dG
IOYEGh G ```fEG jJ g FcQ HQCG
AGdG fEGh YGQdG QSH gG
k fK ,```````dG OQG`` ` G `` jOh`` ``X
dG QSCG J W e dG
FGdG eCG Y gKCJh FGdG OGd
,I`` ` `SCG i``` ` ` eh ``` W``dG i``` ` ` G ``` Y
QSCG Vh YdG SS TJ dK
JQG ``` LG`` `` ` eCG `````T ``` S``` ` Sh
d FGdG IQdG QgJh QSCG
hdG jJ ``k `HGQ ,dG ``N``dG hP
ObG edG Q`` Jh bEG
.jObG dG Hh G hO H
S HQCG FcdG g V :OQCGh
H ``` ` ` fCG ``j`` ``` S``` dG `` N ``e

dG IQdG e f N e
Y hG Gg jh ,zdG dBGh
EG PEG Y d dH dY gCG
JLM e %50 e cCG OQJ dG
(G %98h ,RQCG %100) ```FG```dG
QSCG d VY J dH gh

e ``` S``c ``e``f``H CG `` ` `VCGh


jJ EG `` ` `j `` ` ``` ` `dG IQ`` ` `` `dG
dG IQ````dG ````H ``a```Gh ````dG
G ``j``YQ `` G`` ` `WCG O``` ` G
fUh ``` ` ` dGh `` `` ` O`` `cCG `` H
e G``fCG KK ``N e ``dPh QGdG
fCG j hCG dG ,fCG
IQdH ``````G ``F``` ` G ``` ` dG
dG ,dG GP FGh LQG
eGdGh ``g```G ``j```J j ```dG
QdG O``` ` dG `` ``` ` SGQ``dG
ddG dGh ,jQdG SdGh
G Yd fCGh eGdG j
GQh`` `dGh G`` D` `G J ``N ``e
d ``dPh G```V```Gh jQdG
dG IQ`` ` ` dG ``` ` gCG ``` Y A``` ` dG
Ffh eG fh GWCG IOG
.dG
eL ``` S``c qEG ````Z `` H `` ` bh
f fCG cS SHb dG
FGdG `` eCG ``j```J{ ``fG```Y h````e

jDhdG -e
e SHb dG eL M
IQGOEG b jdGh ```YGQ``dG dG H
IQdG e Sc Y dG OQG``G
aGh dG jJ EG j dG dG
H G``WCG IOG dG IQdG H
.QGdG fUh dGh OcCG
FQ Z H M QcdG bh
H ```````dG OQG`` `G O``` ``bG ````b
M :``j``` ` dGh `` ` `YGQ`` dG ``` ` dG
IQdG `````e ``` S``c ``` Y ``` e``G
G ``e ````Y ``V``Y `` `KEG ``` ``` dG
hd ``L``e ``` SG``c 7 ```Y ```a`````d
b ``NOh ,H A````YCG edG
aG ``g dG OQG``e ObG
ee OcCGh H e H
W Y UG hdG M
dG eL ```NG ``bh ``V```dG
77 H e i``NCG eL 6 e SHb
.aG g d b Me
k

zWdG L J{`H dG HdG feG d jJ dL


,L H G Yh ,S H U
SdG ``j``H,````e ``H ````Yh
,H feG S ``b Y HJh
IOe feG ```dG iOCG M
FGOCG H GhY bh ,dGh dG
gQhS ``Y IO``G ``g ed
. Y H dSh SCG VH
`` ` `dG `` ` `` ` ` LEG CG `` `c`` `j
dG `` ` `H`` dG IO``` ` T ``` ` ` ` G
7837 : H WdG L H
1929 :dc YRe dWh dW
OY H M `a dW 2770 h , dW
375 : IG SGQdG `a G
feG ``cG``G O``Y Hh ,``` SQGO
jh ``YR``e G``c``e 41
.aG

dG dh SdG
`` ` `S `` ` H `` ` `` `` `S Q`` `` ` c`` `dG QGR
HdG I`` ` `jRh Q``` ` ` ` ` e `` `KQ`` `G
H ```U``f Q```c``dG aGj dGh
dG jG dG S H G Y
a H dGh Hd
`` cG`` e `` `e GO`` Y `` ` `W`` ` `dG ```` `L
Wd ``` dG ```H``dG ``f````eG
GAG`` ` ` LEGh ``f``` ` eG ``` S ``` Y
dG AGOCGh `` `````d `````G
dPh ,jh dS H Jfe
dGh ```H``dG IQGRh ```N V
cGG ac feG S H
. dG feG
SQ feG cGe GQGR M

WdG adG H z1 - QGdG U{JGSEG jdG da AH


LdG gh IQh``dG e fL
e ``Y``` ``` W``dG `` a`` dG `````H
GQGR`` ` dG `` e ``jQ``` ` ` ` ` Gh AG`` ` G
OSE dH eG SDGh
jdG cQG GQG`` b
,SdGh ``` ` eCGh `````JG```SEG
OcCGh dG IQG Jh
GMGh q G LQO bCG j
ING GgCG gj h
.jdG Gg e

b jH jdG jeh WdG


jdG cj jdG G``g qEG z:a
k bEGh k bG G`` MCG ``e
cQd ``` U``a ``` ` jh ,`` `k ` ` dhOh
d JGQGbh ga ``aBG Sd
WdG SdG e j ShQe
j k` ` ` jGC ``gh ```````eh d
f ``` dG ```d````dG ``a```d k``j```J
.zIQhdG N
EG ``j``` ` dG ``` d``` a Q``` ` jh

edG eG dG q
jdG Gg JCj c .WdG eCd
jdGh ```a```G d k``j```J
Y ``` ` W `` ` `SQG`` dG ```````cG ``` dG
`` q ` `` `` `` `G `` ` ` ` `SGQ`` ` dG `` `e `` e`` c
eCG ``` ````JG```SG i`````G
jdG Q`````d ```L``Jh ,``a``dGh
.OcCGh
cdG AG``` dG OCG ````S```G ``` Hh
adG c ``eBG b e H S

iG Y ``jQ```dG J `` MCG
.hdGh bEGh WdG
WdG ``a``dG ````c ``j`` ``` jh
IOdG Qh`` ` `` e k` ` ` S``` SCG kGQ`` `
G jh JGSG dGh
eEGh ``cQ````G GQ`` b ```Y hCG
q JGSG ``j`````dGh ``` SGQ``d``H
WdG `` `eCG ```g``` `````dG GP
G`` `gCGh ``d````G ``q ` ` gC `` ` `cGQOEGh
ae EG aVEH dG WdG

jDhdG - e
c ``` `` ` `eCG ``` ` U ``` ` ` fG
`jdG ``` d``` a ``` W``dG `` a`` dG
dG (1- QG```dG U) JGSEG
J hCG IQh`` dG e CG``H
e Y SdG M jh ,``` eCG
V `` JC` `j `` ` dGh ,Q`` ` `G ``` ` ` dG
JGQeh IQh``` d ``` dG ````G ```N
GSH JGSGh ```O``cCG

LGG eN IFGO X zdG dG{ dG H zMe hH{ dGh dG eG


Y k`H```jEG Qh``H fG ``dGh ,fdj ``dG ```G
.eG eG
eN IFGO je KQG N H M b gH
dG GR``EG ``gCG Y TG ,Fe VY ,LGG
LGG O``Y M e ,G ``N I``FG``dG M
eN ``e e ``dCG 40 G``M ``gO``Y H ``j``dGh
IQSG ``ah I``FG``dG CG EG ``KQ``G Q``` TCGh .I``FG``dG
EG ``a```VEG .```J``e``N IO``L ``Y ```LG``G ```VQ Sd
IQGRdG j dG dG e Y VGSG
REG YS d LGd jG dG ad
Ja `` ` Jh .``e``` ` dG `` X`` G h``` ` ` c ``` J``e``` e
LMG H eT ``EGh ``jGQO Y Xe O``Lh Y
Jee A```fEG j JGQSGh LGG
dG JG ce he EG aVEH .SG bdG
.G G MG d IQGRdG J

jDhdG -e

G S -dG

IFGO X dG dG IQGRh GNDe MG


jd fdj dG O```G f ,```LG``G ``e``N
.IQGRdG eJ dG eG Yf
Qe e M H b gdCG H G CG``H
T a f `` dGh ,d ```dG dG I`` jRh
dG IjRh jSdG jhGQ IQcdG e jJh
ch eQdG H G YQcdG IOSh dG
eN dhG gOL Y IFGdG Xe EG IQGRdG
.LGe h IQGRdG
```Y``f ``e hCG J ```d````MG ``g EG `` bh
:g ag EG dN e J dGh IQGR``dG
LGG eN I``FGO M dG GR``E``H jdG
dG S jd G dBGh G beh
Y I``FG``d``H edG J EG aVEH ,I``FG``dG

dG dG ```HO W iOCG
QNG eCG U Ge eh
Gce 13 dGh dG IO``e
h ````dG ```a`` H
feG ``cG``e GQGOEG J
a eG S Y Me
AG`` LCG ```f````eG dG iOCG
YGe eG ALh AhdG e
. jG ad
HHCG H MCG dG UGhh
HdG I``jRh Qe ```H``dG
aGj ``jQGOEG hDd dGh
feG cG JQjR G Mh dG a J Y je FdG H Y H Se
. fEd AGU SQeh Qcd hQdG SQe ce IQjdG J M aG H HdG

OcCG ``e```fdG ```fG


`eH I```G hP ``d
````MCG ..S````Hb ```dG
jDhdG - e
efdG da O```dG ``MCG ``j SHb dG eL J
dG eL J dGh ,IG hP d eG OcCG
G AEG gCH kfEG ,dGh HdG IQGRh e hdH SHb
Ld ``dP A``Lh ,``` O``cCGh ``j``H``dG ``` G d
G S H SHb dG dG MU IM f edG
.jdG OQGG J gCG Y cCG dG - YQh G M dG d OcCG fG J EG efdG jh
AGLEG eRdG GQG H HcEGh aG AGKEGh ,aG
fh ,dG ``a``c dG dGh ``j````dG Q````dG
.QaCGh AGQBG OJ N e aG H GG
GS `` HQCG G````eCG `` ,eh e 530 ``e``f``dG j
,AMCGh ,A``j````dGh ,AdGh ,````V``j``dG OG``e ```jQ``J ``cC`a
,jQdGh ,eSEG HdGh ,YLG SGQdGh ,HdG dGh
OTQEG ,z````dG z```U``G ```H``dG ,dG ````dGh ,```aG```Gh
.dG
JCjh ,Q``G dG e 26 M S efdG G``g CG cj
SHb dG eH f dGh ,HGdG OcCG efd kGOGeG
e aG o S .VG dG e dj T N kjCG
S fCG EG aVEG ,eH ILGG aGG L e IOSG
.dGh adG fG Fe eGH J J

18

OGdH dG cQ
eY j YCG
H jH SGQdG
FdG S H
HdG ``` YCG OG``d``H ````dG ``cQ ```f
Y M ,H jH fdG ICGG
dG NG S I``j``G ja e
.cd SGQdG
Y FdG YG H G CGH
YLG QhdG dN e VhCG ,cdG
G ``c``dG ````S `` dG ``Y``` dGh ``` ` dGh
,2014/2013 ```SGQ``dG ```dG ``N jJ
SZ Y UM dG aG Gh
dG cdH G e TdG Sf
idGh ``j``` dG ``` WC ````e I``` cQ ```j
dG ``` Y ````````J `` N `` e ,IQh`` `` ` G
AfG bh dGh IG ``NCGh
Jh ,``` ` ` G `` e`` Nh `` W`` dG `` Mh
YdG jJ cdG Qhd kVJ dG
dG ````H `````dG `````NGh ,`` ` `SCG
YGdG OG``aCGh G jdGh
YCG OGdH dG cQ eGHh fC
dGJh ,AdGh dG e jd IYdGh
J `` ` dG `` ` ` MG G`` ` `a `` `dP ``` H
J HCG dG eGdG e Y
fGH J Ga eh cdG WCG
dG fdG ````dGh O````fEGh adG
Heh ,``W``dG FHh Y H J
cdG G`` ` gR `` e`` bh ,``` ` ` a``Jh `````Y
dG dG MdG e Y WCGh
e SGdG QG YEGh SG b
SG YGQ b MG N h ,QG
FdG ``H ```gG``HEG ``H N dG
Y jGdG Jh cd YGdG H
.e jG Jh cdG WCG

dH jdG
dG cGG fCGh
zbdG T J{`H
G QH - bdG T
efd ``` ` ` G ``` ` ` dG `` ` `Y
jjH zA````fGh Ah U{ dG
T a dGh Hd edG
cGe A``` SDh``H k` ` ` S``e Ak ``` d ``` b``` ` dG
QMh ```a`````H ``````dG ``e``f``dG
.d jYG jQGOEG AYCG
M eY jJ If AdG J
Teh da e j eh efdG
YLGh dG fG Y e
H O``` ``` d``N `` ` ``` V``j``dGh
Y G dG FQ ``ZCG S
c dG Gg N MG eGdG gCG
dG efdG Ge EG J
,cGd UG dG OdG U dBGh
QGOEG Qh`` `dG ``Y `` `ZCG `` ```c
J CG j eh cGG ASDhd dGh
GgCG h fG e cGG g H
.efdH UG KdG
G ``` ``H ``` MCG q ` a
`` `YEGh ``e``` dG ``b``` dG ````b ````FQ
dH `` `e`` `YEG ``` ` ` dG) `` H`` dG
cGd eYEG dG Y (G
dG dG G dG
YGPEG ``````dGh G dG
dG EG `` a`` ` `VE`` H ``` f``j``` ` ` dGh
bGeh ``H``dG i````G h``` dEG
jdGh dG YLG UGdG
IQhV Y G cQ c ,GfGh
IQdG A````fGh IG ``eG``dG A````fG
dH J ```d``Y IO`` L GPh I``` G
j ``c``e ```H ``e``YEG `````e ``j``h
YEG ``F```Sh ``e ```UG```dG ``d``N ``e
.G

zCGh eCG{ L dd zG dG{ jH Yj W


fL e .H VdGh VG EG
dG IQOe dG e K
G ``` ` dG ``V``` ``` ` ` G
d `` eCGh CG L ``gQ````N
YO ``` g``` ` Gh ``` d ``V``` G `` `jQ
G Cq G e ``cPh ,fCG
FYCG OY jh 2011 Y SCJ
Y ``j```a ``j`````H ``` Jh G````Y 80
ISCG SG QXEG hH VYh SCG
,Qd ``` ``` J `` ` `jh `` `L`` `dGh
G b e YJ g Cq G GcD
k e
,SCG ``g ``e eG `````SD`Gh
GASG Y I``` SCG a
d G AH SEG IQGRh b e
YLG dG IQGRh b e YOh
b e jQOdG UTCd XJh
idG IQGRhh ``` f``G ``e``G IQGRh
e ```YO G J c ,```e```dG
,dhdG ``dhD```G ``e ````dG ```b
EG ``` ` f CG h`` ` `f ``` f :`` `` ` VCGh
IYe EG ``` ```dG ```SCG L
IdG ``N ````b ``bh ,```````dG
,ISCG 36 e j e jH VG
kfEG f Y UGS G PE` Hh
.G dhDe gCH q e

jDhdG - e

dG Q``` ` dGh ``V``` G G``g cG


dG CG`` dG YJ k` ` ` jCGh ``` dEG ```Uh
EG ``````S ``` ` Uh ``` M ,I``` ` dG ``e
G O`` aCG M dG Q``N
hdG H ``e ``` ` JG OQh ```a
.VG gd G
S Q`` ` `c`` dG `` ` b ``` ` M``f `` `e
J ``a``g ``V``` G Eq G ``e``` G
G ``e``Nh ,IAG`` ` dG ```Y ``S``q ` dG
bh ,```dG GQ`` bh GQ```e Jh
LCG ``e I``` c GOk `` ` `L ``` dG `` H

gQNG CGh ,``` ` ` ` ` G ````Y````VhCG


dG Qh``` d G``` f CGh `` eCG `````
IYG ``` J `````G ``H ``` J
bdG GP je ,LG SCd
N e H QJ VG CG EG
OY ```Uh PEG ````V``G G````S ````G
G dG SG dG dG
H VG ``jQ ``fq EG c ,c ``dCG 20
H Y jQ 1000 hCG dG
jQ 4300 EG eG dG Uh
dG ``` ` gCG ```Y ``` dO G`` gh ``` Y

IQ`` `` ` ` ` dG `` ` `` `c `` `Y`` `` ` L `` ` Y`` ` J


SHb dG eH O`````bGh
eG G dG Ve jH
EG G`` `ND` ` e `` Y`` ` `G ``` ` ` f `` ` dG
eCG ``` ` U `` `dPh CGh `` `eCG `````L
OS ``H ```Y Q```c``dG IO````S
QMh ,`` ` `e`` G ``` ` FQ ``` ` ` dG
QcdG ObGh IQdG c Y
FdG Sj QcdGh eG S
FQh Vd `````G ``` dGh
.dG e CGh eCG L
j `` dG Qh``d``H `````dG O``` TCGh
G ``e``N `` ````dG ``H
H ``e```j ```dG ```d````d``Hh
QG`` e ````S``J ```g````G `` LCG ``e
G`k `cD` e ,``k `Y````LGh ``k `a```K G
j Ic fCG K Cq G bdG GP
eN ``g````J ``` e``G `` W ```H
a ``` ` `` ` `J ``` ` ` G
.dG jhh
Y UM G dG cCGh
J ``` dGh ``j``G ``` ` ` G `` YO
``````Jh `` ` `SCG I``Y``` `

19

He

2014 fj 12 aGG `g1435 T e 14 G

AHC ```jH ``MQ


jdG IQGRh Xe
HdG dG G
jDhdG - e
`` dG ,``H``` ` dG ``` ` ` ` dG ``` ` ` G ``` ` jo
G OQGeh bEG jdG IQGRh J
AHC -jdG OQG``G J c j M ;hCG YSCG ,dG ,Xe
.QG fj e jdGh SOdG M
,GdG Y HdG Id G jh
;GgCG I``Y d ,2008 ```dG ``e GkA``H
HQh ,Gh IQGRdG H UGdG :gRHCG
AdG ``j```Jh ,k``Y````LG IQGR`` d`` H ``X``G
H ``HQ ``N ``e ``X``G i``d SDG
.XdG H YLG
IQGR`` `dG ````f ,`````G ```d```a ````Vh
40 e ``cCG cQ jH jJ MQ
KGdG ``H```dG GP S ``Y ``cQ````e
,d IQh```G WGh e WGT HL
GQhe VhdG QH e bfG fc M
Ae ```Mh ``e```dG dG bh dH
.SHb dG
RHCG ```Y ```d``N ``e ``cQ````G s ` ` Jh
b Igeh ,jQdGh dG G
Y ``jQ``J ``` ``` dG G`` `Gh `` G
gJ ``` dG GR`` E`` H ``d````JGh `````dG
L j dGh ,gGdG dG dG
gZh edG dG b Ige N e
.jdG G e
JCj ``````dG `````G `````J CG ``c``jo h
AHC Y c J dG IQGRdG OL V
M ``` KCG ``f```d kG``` f ;IQGR`` `dG ```X``e
j CG Y IQGR``dG Xe UM dH
Ie Ua G ```j PEG ;``H ``gDh```HCG
dG ``` JR``LEG A`````d ```X``G A``` HC
I``j``L ``eG``Hh GQ``` e J
Y eGH e s j kGf ;
dGh ,WCG id h aOg aJh
U RQ```dG ``KCG d j CG fCT e
.jd QaCG e jJh gGG

A````d ```M
GG Y
HGdGh SdG

QU jH X fhdEG eG he GQJ VJ zeG J{


JGh ``e````G `````J ```c``M ````e
KJh `` g`` ` ` Mh `` `e`` `G `` `` ` Jh
QdGh ``` ` NG``dG ``` ` Y``` dGh IA`` ` `` `dGh
J G`` ` ` ` S`` H G`` ` ` ` `dGh ``` ` ` SD` G
GG EG Ge ..JGh eG
fe ``a``Jh dG eh jdG
G H ed eRdG SSCG dG
bG ``W P`` ``j```Jh ```e```G
.dG jQ
`` ` `` `` `SCGh `` ` ` b`` ` ` ` d `` ` ` ` `G `` `` ` ah
eb ``` dG O``` G `` M GQ``` ` ` ` ` SGh
,fhdG eG Q``WEG QU jH
G I``` dG `` N ``e``` J CG ``` j `` eh
dG d I``a```G ```f```eEG i``eh
S Os Qh ,dd eSG G M
GQSGh MG L Y MVdG
.QG

be ,2020 d jObG WdG


AGQR`` ` dG ``` ` ``` ` ` Vh ``` dG ``` G EG
,2012 dG fhdG ed fd
d bQ Nh OL e J ``eh
,Wb ```e```G `````SD```d h``` dG
,2013 fj LGdG M CG``H dGh
Uho ,dG f jf YdG Meh
```J CG ```j ```dG ``e````dG ```M``e EG
dG Me EG d ;2014 dG jf
jO T jf fhdEG ed
YdGh cQG Y gH CGd ;2015
.hdG
dG ``e O``Y ``Y ``M```V``dG `` h
:e ;h``` dEG dG H UG
dGh ``e``Gh fdGh eG
..eM SDe c id SdGh GTDGh
dGh ,h``` dG dG `` hoe

dGG dN - jDhdG
,eCG ,``e````G J g rVSG
GAG`` `LEG ,Q````U ``j````H ``jQ``` dG ``Y```H
ed SDG H UG GQdGh
cQG QU jH X ,fhdEG
,hdG dH UG dG ja
hdEG ``` ` dG ``j``a ````FQ Q`````H
UG dG A````YCGh A``` SDhQh ,jdH
,hdEG iG IQGOEGh ,dG IQGOE` `H
bh ..fhdEG ``e``G jJ IQGOEGh
MVdG `````S ``H `````S ``VG``` ` ` SG
J H h```dEG dG IQGOEG je
.eG
dhCG GG MVdG S s`bh
oY JGSG r``` X ``g``KCG ```Y ```dG
GSG ``` ` V ``f``c ``` dG ``` ` b``dG

G hdG LhCG VGS GTd HdG bEGh adG jje H Me


VjdG `` j`` fCG ```````H G`` ` T`` Gh
ICG`` ` G ``` ` ` Lh `` ` `` ` dGh `` ` `e`` Gh
GGh dGG a AfEG Y fdG
dG SdG ``NCG i``NCG ``g dG
.YdGh
UGG ```U``f ```H jT O``` TCGh
OH ,GTd HdG bEG FQ
G`` ` `T`` Gh ``a``` ` ` ` d `` e`` ` `dG `` j`` j`` G
G``` T``G ``` Y ``````d ```J```g````eh
aSG `` N ``e ;``H``` dG ``W``dG
GTd ``H``` dG ``D` ` ` d ``` L``` dG
IOdG dG h``dG jQdG efHh
dG fCG c HjEG JcQeh
.HdG bEG j
VGG e GO``Y G rVSGh
G``` T``G ```Y ``j```J ``g````J ``` dG
G G beh HdG WdG
HdG `` e G`` ` T`` G G`` F`` b ``` gC` ` d
UG ``` ` ` ` ` ` dG `` `eG`` `dG `` j`` ` `Jh
GOdG J dG dhCGh ,GTH
.jdGh MGG Jh G eNh

jOUh ``jO``` TQEGh ```````dG ``g``` Gh


`` `dOCGh O`` ` G `` Y`` dGh `` ` `Gh ``F``` dG
HG aJ ``LCG eh .OdG gCdG
,jOTQEGh dG dG fGG
aeh adG e OY IOjR a
J ```a`` ```H `````G G``` T``G
e `````d `````gC``H ``` ` gG ``e
ad edG jjG eb c ,IAH

jOTQEGh dG cG ``NOEG ``N


UGh eG dG SQGe c
jYQ QGOh ``a``` ` Gh ``b``` G ``cG``eh
GMdG YO ,fG Gg h .ddG
J OGeh jOTQEGh dG
e %100 ``````Hh ``` G``Hh ```````fCG
Jeh O```TQEGh dG dG aJ
IMdG Sh jdGh jGdG GQTh

QU zfdG{`H Md da J zehCG{h ICGG Lh MdG IQGRh


dG M - QU

dG dh - SdG
Y A``` ` ` ` d ``` ` M ,`` `` ` eCG ,`` ` ` ` fG
edG ``j``j``G ``g````J ,`` VG`` eCG ``bG``f
a ``` G OQG`` `eh ``````bEG ``j`````d
SdG JH e hdH ,WdG L
GG ae cJh ,HGdGh
ib `````dG ``T``dGh ``VQG``` dGh
.jdG
je dG S H TGQ SG cCGh
a G OQGeh bEG jdG Y
jJ EG J G CG ,WdG L
,IQcG H FbdGh dG fG
bGG GSG N e ;IQhG WGh
.VQGdGh GG Kd kGQDH J dG
jhMh RG TQ YCG G s Jh
,BGh Rd dG Gh edG
dG dG I``` LCG G`````SG S ```c
NdG I```LCG GSGh GG a
GG ```a``` `````dG ``g````e PGP`` `dGh
q h .IFdG
YCG d eR hL Vh
Y ``T``dGh ``F``G ``T``d``c `````dG ``T``dG
gG PGPdG ILCGh dG dG ILCG
bGe ````` ``N``dG I`` ` `LCGh `````dG
e d jH VQGdGh GG KJ
AGMG gS ;gQfGh gKJ
g KJ Y dG VGeCG e jdG
dG fG jJh VQGdGh GG
.d

cH VdG HdG bEG j dG


..dGh ``H``` dG i`````G ```Y G``` T``G
FdG cGdGh hdG gCG Y GcDe
``H```dG ````bEGh dG G```T``e ``H
EG boe .GOdG Jh fCG
GTeh ac M dG GREG gCG
.VG IdG N dG
f edG jYdG rT :```VCGh
H SHb dG dG MU IM
ad -``YQh G M- G S
jjG dhCG ``dG gGh ,GTGh
ee jd GTGh ad edG
e ;dH O```TQEGh dG dG
HdG VQCG JGSEG N N
OTQEGh dG dG ee jd
Gg J jjG CG GcDe ..dH
JGSG G`` gCG ``e GOk ``Y ``f``G
J GQ`` ` `` `c ``` ` M``e ``` N `` `ah
`` gCG `` ` MCG GO`` ` `` `dG ``` ` ` Jh ``j``` ` ` dG
rY M ;d S dG GgCG
e YJh jdG IO``jR Y jjG

QU e LGGh H
.LG
fdG ``c``` ` dG ``e ``j``a ``` jh
AadG ``c``e IQ`` j`` H O``````d ``j``` ` dG
Ad Q````H ``b``` G `` ` `WCG ```gC``d
aJ ``` d``` a ``` ` ` Jh `` `` ` WCG
LMG hP ``e ``` WCG ``cQ````
jRJh SGh MdG ``g UG
.Y jGdG

QU ``jh WCG zehCG{ Od


kUM ;(fdG) jdG ddG
YdGh G e MG Y e
ge ``````Jh .``J````S```e ```e
Xe ``e YJ cQe `````ehCG
jRJ `` N ``e ;``c``` ` dG ``` X``eh
UG adG O```dG fdG
jRH ``NBG ja S c ,cdH
jbG WCG Y fdGh jGdG

Y dG dGh jGdG jRJ G


H e iNCG Ga dch ,WCG
.zWCG Lh Y SdG
aG `````e ```H ``` jR Q`` ` `TCGh
EG ,QH fdG ICG``G L FQ
eh ;Ic QU ``jh SG CG
gh ,fdG H MG :``gR``HCG
.QdGh QdG a j Se
jdG ```f````dG ``c````dG Q``` ` Jh

eG `````SD`G ,``` dG ,````


e ;fdG H QU jH UGh
;WCd Ye da J N
ICGG Lh MdG IQGRh J M
,fdG da QU jH fdG
.HdG cH ,Z Ae
H gGb aH QU ``jh h
T e Ojo dG fdG
gh ,Y c e T e Y HGdG
QU jh gC dG GOdG iMEG
GH G````e ```d h``````j ``j``dG
dGh OhCG h jeh ``jO``e
H ``` ` ` J `` ` `dG `` jQ`` ` `` `dG ``` H````H
.jdG
e ``` ` Y `` `HG`` `dG `` `j ``` ` ` ` U h
,dRe `` e `` ` `WCG ``` j ``` ` ` T
GGh Q`` bCG R```e EG Leo
Ma H gj jdG UCGh
.jGh OdG fh
je G S H GY ``cCGh
Th L a MdG IQGOEG
J dG ddG J CG ,bdG
`` jh ``e ``g``Z ``Y Q``` U `` jh ```H
,G`` ` dG ``` Y ``d``` dG ``` ` d ```````dG
fdG ICG`` ` `G ``` ` ` L `` e h``` ` d``H
hQe A``` MEG G `````S A`` ;Q``` ` H
ddG J ```M ;OG`` ` LCGh A`` `HBG
S{ :VCGh .WCG e bEG
cT ``e ``b``` ` dG ``` dG `` g ``` ` MG
Sh ,ddG d e

jDhdG - e
jjG H Me L ,eCG ,oY
HdG bEGh G```T``Gh ad edG
G h````dG `` LhCG b G```T````d
GFb ``jQ``Jh `````fCG ``j```J ``
e ``` ` ` G `` SCG`` Jh ,``` ` ` ` ` dG G``` T``e
je ````SG``dG ``` S ``H N dG
eh ,GTGh ad edG jjG Y
Uf H jT GTd HdG bEG
e QHh ,bEG FQ UGG
,GTd HdG bEG Ije ffEG
H HGh ,jQdG IN cJ Uh
IYG ``e``` dG I``j``G ``j``e```dG G``` Y
bCG ASDhQh je e O``Yh ,GTd
.HdG bEGh jjG
H h````dG jJ ``LhCG G rHh
bEGh GTGh ad edG jjG
.GTd HdG
;c ,````SG``dG ```S ``H N ``` dCGh
RQdG Qh``d``H O``` TCGh ..Q``````H a ``MQ
s

QJ zjdG{
M Y TQh
G hdG
fH Ohd IHdG
jDhdG - fJ
jdG IQGRh - dG QJ
Y ``` TQh -`` ` `G OQG`` ` eh ``` ` ` ` bEG
h``` ` dG ``M ```f``f```dG `` `WCG{
SSCG ``fG``Gh Ohd IHdG ```G
jQH ,z``` H``` dG h``` d ``U``` dGh
12 ```Mh 11 ``e I```dG ``N ,fdG
hDe Qc cQ ,Q``G dG e
h`` `dG ``` ` `` e `` ` `G ``` b AG`` ` Nh
.HdG
SdG fGG SGQO TQdG bJh
UG ```b```J``d ``` ` ` dGh ``` f``f``` dGh
IHdG ```F``G Q``` G SGh jH
zG bJG{ dhdG GdGh Ohd
d HhQhC jObG dG Y IQOdG
dd eAe ie dGh ,1992
FG G j JfeEGh HdG
.HdG
``H ```Y ``S````G IQGR`` `dG ``q ` eh
b FQ ```YC`H ````dG G ``JG```dG
G `````J I``FG``H `` ` SGQ`` dGh ``` ` dG
.aGh dG

zJ U{ efH Tj WdG T afi

HdG jYH IgdG BGdG M j zfeCG Y{o ja

jDhdG - QU

adG - dG Uf - Y

s
a dG S H e dG IOS TO
,z``````J `````U{ ``e``f``H ,``` eCG ,```W```dG ````T
,YdG QU Ae cT e YH ;ddG f
jjG Y je MdG Y H M QHh
e OY fL EG ,aH dGh Hd edG
UG dG SDeh cdG IQGOE` H dhDG
.aH dGh Hd edG jjGh
Ae cd dG FdG jJ jQfCG dCGh
efdG gCG a ```VhCG ;c ,YdG QU
e cGdG jJ EG dN e cdG J dG
YLG dhDG e Ac aWCG aH G
Hd edG jjG d cdG H J dG
YH ``````dG ``e``f``dG G``` d ````G ``g ``````dGh
N e ddGh ```dG d cdG ``e
CG cd dG FdG cCGh.dG IR``LEG
J ``eG``H dG ``jQ``Jh H ````gG
gGeh d jJ goj ,jEG dG
cEG ```H ``c````dG ```X``e G``f````d ```````dG
IQGOEG C` H ```VCGh .dGh eG SGQO
,IAdG ``eG``dG ``g ```e ```f``H J ``c````dG
cQG ```dG S dG IFdH Jh
``g``Y``````S ``` dG G`` G ```M ``e ;``e``f``dG
jJ EG ```FGO cdG J c ,```SGQ``dG ```G
gCH ``f``EGh ,````G ```````H ``HGh``dG ``j```Jh

,hCG ```eCG Ae ,I``g```dG a z``f``eCG ```Y{ ``j``a MG


,G G GhXCG eh ,G c M e OY H
dG ``eCG HdG OS H MCG dG IOS jYQ
de BG M H S dG IOS QMh ,d dG G
SHb dG He FQ dG Yh ,IgdG a dG
,IgdG a dGh iQdG AYCGh ,dG BGd
.YCGh jGh SDG jeh
H f dG jdG FQ H rCG``H ;Ga G s Jh
GgCGh LJ Q``WEG JCj G CG ```VhCG ``dG ;TG S
NCG M ;2013 af ``e Y edG bfG e jdG
aG ```Y ```SG ``aQ eh ```e ``c ``e ``b``dG ```J``Y ```Y
d C` H ```VCGh ,g Th be jd dGh bG
dL G``bCG ``e bfG ,SdG Y UN ``bh G eN
s ``dG -``YQh G M- G S H SHb dG
Gc M
dG adG S i``MEG fCH e fEG ;YdG dG Y
.dG G
eb c ,JLJh aGgCGh jdH jJ ja e VYh
,QG e YJ dG TfCG e Y jOfEG SCG ba
ddG dG BGd SHb dG H jJ ja eh
dG BGdG e eGb e dG Qc J fL EG ,hdGh
dGh 23 BG```dG He cQG ```Jh ,I``g```dG a
,dGh ad dG SHb dG ce e Hd FdG
Md IQU QfCG) jdG He jFdG YG G Th
LGh d ``` WG ``e J ``j```a e ``` LCGh (``d``G

ddG TJh ,J U efH QT Y


Q`` G `````dG ``e ````Y `` HG`` dG ```````S ``` dG
.e KdG M Jh
G TdG ```TGQ ``H dN Q```c``dG ```VhCGh
a j J U ``e``f``H CG ,``e``f``dG Y
dGh ```H```d ``e```dG ``j``j``G ```b ``e `` ` jQGOEGh
OY H bh ,YdG QU Ae cT e YH
e dWh dW 325 efdG cQG
a QUh i``d jh e SGQdG MGG
jdhCG AYEG Y cdG M ;WdG T
c ,Oh``` G ``N``dG hP ``e ``` dG dG
ae IJSCG b e dG Jh jQJ S
dP YCG eR efH ah G Gg JN d
.IOG aGgCG efdG d

CG fCT e ``dGh ,G IOd dGh jQdG


e x c G YdG M jJ Y j
.QH IG Gh YdG QU Ae
dG ``e``f``dG Q````T ``K``j ````a ``V``Y s h
G cGdG ``dGh ,dG Gd dG
AG`` `LCGh ``c````dG ``` d``J `` dG ```````dG `` LCG ``e
fL EG ,``H G `` dGh QdG FdG
jJ J ```dG ``e``f``dG G`` gCG ``VG`````SG
Th ``j``` ` EG ````dG `` ``` dG GQ``` e
HQh dG IRLEG Ia N dG Ga bhCG
e IO`````SGh ,````G G `````SD` ```dG
YLG bdG Jh dG feEGh GQb
.H a
QdG WdG T a dG IOS GRCGh

ie Y YdG dG J K ,FdGh WdG M Ib


G I``F``L ``gR``HCG Qd b ``FG``L UQ ``Y a ,dG
.OjCGh ddG JGdG ILCG e Y Y dGh IdGh
C ,ae c zfeCG Y{ SG jdG QNG EG SG YGQ bh
M dG GRGh ,dG d j feCG SSCG H GM c
dG IOS cCGh ,dP Y dO N g dG QNh NGO jdG
fdG aK CG ,IgdG a dG de BG M H S
P feCG Y jah G dGh YdG dH J dG
.Y eN adG d fh UCG dG Gd
h iQdG Y UdG Y H M IOS QTCGh
feCG Yh YdG dG H J dG CG EG ,Y jh
,aG ``b``Hh I``g```dG a ``Y```Gh jH J
dG WGG LMGh G eJ CG dG H e fh
.dG ddG J

He

2014 fj 12 aGG `g1435 T e 14 G

20

aG jYdG GVG AdEG Y HQe a 6

adG Geh dG efdG `a zfEG M{`d Ya cQe :TdG


CG EG aVEG ,VG dG N QGUEG
WGG e QR EG dG FGO dG
``` G `` e `` `dP ``` ` ` jo `` A``` ` dG i`` `d
e k` e``` ` ` fG ``JC` j ``` V``Gh ..`` ` `LG`` dGh
dG Gd Vh i``dG QdG
.AfGh Ah U :gh ;dG Gd
H d WdG dG CG EG Q``` TCGh
Y dG bEG N e VG dG a
;dG ``cG``G ``a s``J ```dG G```V```G
e HjEG a On hOQh fSG Lh M
Gg j CG ```eCG ``Y `` YCGh ..````G
S ``fCGh UN ,``G SG a ```bEG
UG ``j```Gh GQG ``e O``Y ``jR``J
.fEGG WdG H
dH ```````dG G``````G C` `H ``H``Jh
``a```K `````d ``` U``a ``` ``` ` W``dG `````d
ceCG a dG d Ud fEG M
J ``` dG ``` ` b``` G `` N `` eh .``g``LG``J
dG J ,cQGh jVG ``H
j ````a `````G ``L``` ` MG ``````J CG
.jYdG fGH
a kef KSG dG C` H jh
ZdG J gh ,UdGh ZdG J
`` eG G`` g CGh ,BG ``` ` dG ``j``W ``Y
dGh ,cQG g e N e J
.dG GG e ib IFa J
H ``` J ``` dG ``` G ````V ``e s EG `` bh
hdG J fEG WdG dG
jaGdG hCG WGG ``e AG```S ;``Z```dGh
.UGh edG SDG a

b fi - jDhdG

GQjdG H dG fL EG ,LG jCG


G SDeh edG SDd fGG
g dG Gg u o e aCG CH HCGh .G
i``dG ```V``G ```d``H ``fQ```e ``e``f``dG IO`` jR
a cTG ;a a HQCG a LJ fc
s ```dG G``g ``ah ,dG
OG`` YCG IO`` jR ``
`` j`` fCGh `` `SQG`` `G `` e Q`` `b `` ` cCG ``````d
LCG e S EG dG IOjR h ,GGh
Y cJ eGdG CH OGRh ..edG dG
e ``K``M Q````Y``H ;````dG ``f``b Qh``` U
OQh adG jYdG adG a fh
GVG ``g ``e c A``Lh ``f```dG ``a
i``dG dG ``f``b ``Y sS ```Gh

SSCG QG g G J CG EG fh
WG eN J fCG c ,MdG e
``j``W ``Y `` dPh ;Q``` ` G ```````j ``
f Q`` `WEG ``a `` dPh ;``` fh``` dEG QO``` ` G
dG H J dG fEG M ee
fb e HdG IOG EG kGOSG ;WdG
M aK f e ```chCG dG FfEG
WdG d UCG H ````fEG
.fEG
cQG s J dG Te CG ``cPh
Gg ah ,dU jN Le a YdG
e cQG IFGO SJ dG hS dG
ie Y jYdG GVG J ``N

a GVG AdEH dG J Lh
.J dG jfCG Ge
Ia N eCJ dG EG TdG ``bh
G `````G h````e i``j CG `````dG
dG cG M ;Q```dG ````fEG ```
G Td ``S``H``b dG eL ``e
```M `` `` a ````````eo ``` ` ` S ``` dG
MdG JeN Sh ,````fEG
L ``a ,dG Q``Nh ``NG``H Gh
TQCG H Sh ,fEG M Fe
G e ZGdG L u o hdEG
AGS ;fEG H J dG eG Y
,dG hO fl hCG dG ``Y fc

eCG TdG M H TGQ QcdG b


dG EG ,fEG WdG d dG
aK d jS N ``ah ``JC`j dH
aG dGh ,dG fEG M
SQGG W e dG a g G a
f j :```VCGh ..eGh dGh
L -``G dG ``N- WdG dG
IQGRh H ```J ```dG dG ``cG``G
L `````J `` `LCG ``e ;``` ` ` ` dGh ``` H``dG
``a ````S ``````J h ,```````dG ``` a``fi
``` ``` ` W``dG ``` ` ` dG `` a ``` e``` dG `` e
``K``Kh ,A`````dG ``e ``K``K :````e ;``` ` fG
N gCJ Y EG GN ,Q``c``dG ``e
GVG AdEG Y VG HQCG GdG
CGSh ,````fEG ```M `` ``a jYdG
,QX afi e bfG GVG g
.dG afi H kGQhe
``` eCG ``` Y ``` ` ` U `` D` `e `` a Q`` `` ` TCGh
EG -````fEG WdG dG H dG a j ``NBG efH dg CG
;GTGh ad edG jjGh dG
J GVfi H dG L J
G``````Gh ``` u ` ` G `` N ``e ;``j``Y``Jh
G```T``G hCG ad ``f``c AG``` S ;dG
.G ZCG T N
``NBG ````f ```j``d `````dG C` `H O``` ` ` SGh
;VjdG ```G ``a ```dG G``g U ``N
,VjdG hDdG IQGRh e dG M

ad dG IQjR bJ OfEd jfCG He dG ..jQL GHhCG OGhd Soe VY

d OfEd ``j``fCG H hCG ````LG ```YCG h``L


beh ,````dG ``j``a J QG``b ```Y `` WGh ,2014
hL be dch ,HG dBGh HG hT
````jCG ,```a```G ,dG ``` A````YCG GQ`` jR
.HG Y ````G dG ``j``a Y N EG ````dG
MCc ``JC`J 2014 ```d ``j``fC`d O````fEG He CG ``c``jh
EG ``` Jh ,`````d``H IQGR`` `dG ````gG J ```dG ``eG``dG
ddGh eGdG JbhCG QSG Y dG J
YOh ,OfEG IG gGG Y dGh ,IG
bh a GUQ d ;``f``G G``g YG UdG
Y J dG fCGh eGdG eM EG J ae
.dG Weh afi fl VjdG jfCG

jDhdG - e
r
d OfEd ``j``fCG He Y aG dG Y
efH V ,VjdG hDdG IQGRh gJ dGh ,2014
HT{ ````V``j``dG `````Gh ``j``fC``H HdG `````fCG
hDdG IQGRh Y GjH ,eCG U ,hCG YLG ,z2014
H O``` fih ,````dG G``` Y ``H ``d``N ```S``F``H ,````V``j``dG
H GY :e x c jYh ,Fd kFf dG GY
GY H MCGh ,dG Y H Mh ,TGdG OM
,G Y H fih ,OdG S H gh ,dG
,``W``G G```M ``H Sh ,Q``` G ```S ``H ```gG``HEGh
s h .(jQeh AYCG) gdG GM H Ufh
be

dG j dG VdG S H ,Ae edG


ddG YdG e hG CGj ;VY bGH ,G
M ;kG``` ` Y `````dGh ``` HG``dG ``` dGh ,``` ` ` dGh
.bO HQCGh N
k VY c j
Hd GOG`` ` eG ``````S``G ``Vh``` dG `` g ````Jh
NdG dG h```Jh ,dG ``FG``dG ``j``Gh
VhdG ``g Jh ,dG d Lh ``bQCG
M ;d dG dH QGh``dG jJh f EG
GAL fo dG fdG eS dG VhdG
dGh ,OG jQL GHhCG ce efH e SSCG
.G o dG dG id GHEG J EG j

YLG jYdG eN be
bJ H zdG G{
TH jH d fedG GYGh LY Wh ihdG e
fdG - e

fdG - Y

r
d dG YLG - TH jH YLG dG bf
dG jObGh YLG VGG e GkOY ,eCG oY dGh -2014
Gh MGhdG j H gGHEG dG IOS SFH jdG AHCG J
.TH
H jdH YLG dG LG gCG Y JOS cCGh
dGh ,``j``d``H FGdG YLG ``e``N ``e J ``e
GYd G Y d Se dBG OjEGh dG c M
..dG dG AKCG Y d dPh ;jdG AHCG e fedG
G ac e dG dG H J dG QhdG Gg gCG Y cCGh
AHC YLG eG e jG d fV UGh ,eG
hCG ````LG ````U``J ``VG`````S``H dG ``e``b ,``dP ```Hh .``j``dG
,LG OH be c ,fG Gg dG dG AG``LEGh
ah FGT fl If aOdG YLG eGdG M cJ dGh
jdhCG jh ,d eG IYG W SGQOh ,jdH G
S dG dBG Y JGh ,dG fG IaG feEd ah
jdG e OY be c .d GYG U dN e
Y LQGh jdG AHCG Jh J dG iNCG jObGh YLG
.SG UdGh GQGdG fCH dG JG M YCG hL

```` ``j``Y``` dG ``` ` ` ` dG ``` ` ``H r`` ` ` bCG


;J U GVfio ,```eCG ,dG ``Y
cQTh .G dG e G QGhs R aSG
``j````dG ``` ` ah ``````dG ``` ` ` Gh ``` V``` G
Ks dG GVG AdEG SCGh dGh
Wh J Wh YGfCGh ihdG e Y
.e jbdG Wh LY
s c
G dG dG QhO EG dG
UN ,LdG dG ihdG e
AGdG gCG M jG c ,SCG GOH
``eG```dGh ```j``G ````J ``` ` gCGh ,``````dG `````dG
``j````d``H `````j ````a ``d``` G `````dG ````U```H
,edG ``jQ````dGh ```V``j``dG ```SQ``h dG
G dG ``fG``G ``e ``j```dG EG ``a```VEG
adG ````gCGh ,``````gCGh ,dG adH
,dG e QOe afh ,dG afh ,edG
NCHh ,d IdG gCGh
.VGeCG e d jbh WCG

IQGOEG fCG J
zIgdG jH{`H FKdG
fdG - Y
``j``` ` ` d `` e`` ` `dG `` j`` j`` G r`` ` ``s ` f
,IgdG a G OQGeh bEG
oY YUh IQ`` ``a``Z ```H ,``` eCG
fCG J ``Y I```V``fio ,aH
fl ``e XG cQ ,``F``K``dG
s J ;``j``j````H ``` ` bCGh `` FGh`` dG
J IQh`` ` V ``` Y ``` cC` ` dG I``` V``` G
GhOCG J N e ;FKdG fCG
cG FKdG J d FGLEG
..UG FKdG IQGOEG f Heh
Y ``j``a IQ``jR V IVG ``JC`Jh
``j``` ` ` d `` e`` ` `dG ``j``j``` ` d IQGR`` ` ` ` dG
IgdG a G OQGeh bEG
e A````fG H ``dPh ;````dG d
.IQGRdG J ie Y J

jDhdG - e
fdG G`` HhCG QG``H ``jQ``L G`` HhCG ``c``e ```j
``````S``G `` Vh`` ` dG `` e ``` f``` dG ``` d``` ` dG ,``` ` ` e
QGhdG j M ;G dG ,jQH dG
I``g````eh ```b````dG `` ` CGh `` `ZCG ``e ``Y````
fHd HgG fo dG SG e Y
...````dGh Odc bdG BG Y ``FG``dG aH
````dG ``eO``` dG `````dG ``Vh``` dG ``` ` ` Sh ,`` g`` Zh
.jQL GHhCd FdG
dG VdGh ,Ae HdG hCG VdG CGjh

jdG `a jdG jQH zeY S{ M J zFS jH{

dG YO EG G Jh .dG IQGM
AG`` LCG ``X ````dG Y Jfeh
e IdG g OdG gJ dG IQ``G
dG eGdG V G g JCJh ..dG
dG FG OQGG jM jdG J
QT ,G OQGeh jdG IQGRh WCG
.zG Y a G Y aM{

edG dW - FS
;z``e``Y `````S{ ````M ``F````S ``j```H r``s ` f
;dG QhOh edG gCH e ``f``EG
jRH jdH YdG b Xe b M
``jQ````G ````fl ``d````dG ```Y A`` G G``` Y
j e UN ,jdH jdG

jG HG

`a A``f
dG `Y
dG fdU PJ jU
e o J OJ ..egGh bh u L Y
Ua sCG I``j``G YdGh
MG
s
u `c ``b``dG J ,``` LCG h````d ```JG``eo
`````dG `````U ``Y ``j````H ```J````
;Q``` ` dGh `` `` ` `dGh `` a`` XCG A`` `Wh
,````TCG ``````g ``` CG `` `cCG ````S``g
J ```dG FGdG jM eo
``g````L `` ` fCG `` `ZQ ,``` ` a``Y `` e ``` ` ` Y
.SG gbh G
s
fL S jU CG Y T
GJHc ;``K``fCG NCG CG J M
,`````b ``S``` d``j ``` u ` M r`` ` `bhCG ``` dG
s ``dG- ffCG Q``e H ``eh
a
``` G ``` M``` U ``` a``` chCG `` ` `LhR ``` Y
j O```j c ``fCG GP ``f``c -````dG
eb fH G``g ,Lh ee e
.IdG
ZoCG fa e Y HGdG jd sCGh
HU `` ``f``c ```dG ;`` a ````fB``H
i``MEG qEG PEG ;a N d dG
qfCG Y a ,iNCG e bCG eb
.bdG GW Jh ,dG Ic fc
o ```jh
``HG``dG ```j``d ``e ``` G `
Q``e `s ` MCG ``M ;``H``f``H Hf Y
K fCG ```fq CG ZH ,kY v M jd
````Lh I``` ` dG Q``` ` dG ``` ` Jh ,`` ` `dG
.Sd iS J h ,gLh
edG OQGhOEG u J jQdG c co Jh
-```T``Y ``e GQOCG `` eh- ```T``Y ``Y ````Y
`````G ``` ` ` ` ` S ``` ` ` e ``` ` Y `` ` LC
``e```e `` fOCG EG J ``` dGh ,``J``e
.Gh KfCG
a ,IUG edG M eCq G
s ``M ;dQJ ``eCG
cQH c a
``` MG``dG I`` ` eCG `````dG ``b`````e ``` Y
n p .``d````cG Q``` dG T ,``f``jO
```jCG
,``d````H Gk ` ` ` e `````Z cJ `` ` eCG
.!?j dG d Lh
``dG G``g Uh IM tCG
A``` T ``` g !!?`` ` `L `` ` bCG A``` ` ` dG
;JcP JdG dG g ijo
AD` g j ,``NBG ``f ``e L q a
,dG a H Gs J ``j``dG ``L``dG
b GP``e oaY -a BGh- BG Q
:```a ;``` G ``Y ````o `S ``e```Y ````SQBG
So eYh .dG Y GdCSG !G
ICGH ``jCGQ Y -ICG``G YT- b QG``f
..GMGh ak M J fCH LCG ,G
MCGh ,bdG dhO M EG ;d
CG e dN Ik CG``eG dG LdG MCG
SW EG ``eCG G``dhs C ;dL e
.dLdG GPTh dG
g ```e``jCG M GJHc TY ``dh
,```bO ``fC` H ```j```S ````Z r`````d
TQ L Y ``a ````fBG h
````UCG `` bh ! ``` c ..``` ` ` e ``` `
h``` ` e ``` ` ` S `` ` ` `jCG `` ` g `` ` ` G
dG ```Y`````S``H r`` H ``` dG ..``` ` G
``` ` ` ` fGC G`` `c`` `JG ``` a ;`` Y`` W ``` ` H
````c ``` gh ,``` ` J``` dGh `````````d
.``` ` dGh `` ` ` dGh `` ` `b`` dGh ``` ` ` ` ` d``H
H ```d f s``` a ;mQG`` M ```dh
,dG i``MEG ```JCG``b ..``` G ``e
ea ,``` G ``Y J :``` Jh
.f gT b J Y J
r`````SG ,``` b``` ` dG A`````dG `````e ``j
;FG VYo AGdG G``g H rHVGh
s ````a
c -G Q`` b - ``` H``Z ICG`` ` eG
``L``d``a ;``g``` dG ```d``` ``K``` J
`` Jh ,i`` ` j `` EG ``` ` jo ``b``` ` dG
``o `J CG ,``` ` c``` Th ``` ` SQB i`` `jo ``e
bdG ``` jq CG GP :``e``j `````dG O````S
H dG oJ GP`` h ?H J
``VQC``c `` ` MCG ``` fEG ?``` ` Y `````J h
e i`` J GP``` ` a ,QG`` ` G A``
jH ``e A```T ```a GP`` h ?QG``` ` dG ``Z
.?QjT
e.k.a-00@hotmail.com

z```dG ``````dG{``````d ````dG ````Y`dG `````a`d V````e


YH ```U``N `` `cQCG 6 A``` ` fEG h
GQk ``` ` M `` V`` ` `G ``` ` Th .``` ` ` ` dG
,`````dG ``` X``eh ``` dG ``e G
k ` ` c
dG IdG eH G OTCGh
cQT dG dG SDG eb
h``dG cG :SCGQ Yh ;VH
dH QG HCG dG ,d
dG MGL J a jG
``L``Yh ``` f``` dG `` ` `YGQRh Q``` ` dGh
```dG `` VG`` eCG ``e `` g`` Zh..`` G
I``` ` ` ` G ``` U``N ,`` ` `` `dG ``` ` ` J
YG eG EG aVEG ,dG
Sbh ,````SCG a e i`` NCG
Sh dG ``S```bh ,``` dG R`` dG
GQ``` ` ` ` SG ``` Y `` ` `` `Gh ,`` ` `dG
``V```G ``j``` f h ,``````G `````dG
```dG ```Y ``` dG ``e ````dG ``` bCG
.dH

HGLh fl W N e dPh
``` dCGh G`` ` dCGh Q````dG ``j``W ``Y
.FGGh adG
kcQ 16 J VG CG EG QTCGh
,dG ``NGO ``cQCG 8 e ;kfl
`````SD`G CG ````V``e ..``` LQ``N 8h
c ``V```G ``cQ```T ```dG dG
.VG EG a c QhO d
``cQ````e ``` ` T ``V``` G CG `` c`` jh
``` ` ` SD` G `` e O`` Y ``` b `` e ``` ` SGh
,``Y``a``dG e :````e ;``````dG
ceh ,PCGh d h``dG ``c``Gh
``c``` Th ,`` `j`` `` ` SCG `` j`` Y`` ` `d Q`` `` ` dG
``j``G ``c``eh ,`` `dG ``` Hh ,`` YG`` G
,``` ` dG GQ`` ` ` ` eEG `` c`` eh ,``` ` ` dG
``j``ah ,``` ` ` G A`` b`` ` `UCG ``` ` ` Lh
Q```T c .``Y````dG (y-peer)
,dH ddG b W VG

e - jDhdG
Ve
dG dG dG sf
k
QcO dG Y jYQ ,k U
b G`` ` `TE` `Hh ,``` ` ` S``` eCG ``d``N
YLh HdG fCGh SEG
H h````dG Q``WEG ;dH dG
dGh ,dH dG SDG
.dG dG
aG `````Y````SEG Ih`` e ``d``bh
bS dG dG EG :ddG Y
WdGh dG VG jYQ
`` V`` ` `G `` ` ` CGh ,`` `` ` Y`` `` ` ` ` LG
,``` ` ` dG ``Y``` L O`` ` `L ``` ` ` f A`` `L
hDT b O```Lh ,IO````dG Xeh
dG CG ``a```VCGh ..dH ```dG
adG ````fh ``j```J ``g ``V```G ``e
;dG H dG YdGh dG

21

j`Jh YGPEG

2014 fj 12 aGG `g1435 T e 14 G

SG

jgG f j jdG dG M QMGh dG


eG jQe

jfG jQe He e IjG IMdG Y j zG adG{


Y j dG dG QOG RHCG MCG jdG dG M QMG
dG SCc dH eh dG dG AKCG dG Id hdG OG
dG Ae Jae Jh LCG dG gj jhc IgJ cCG
aj jV jdG dG jh .jRGH jRGdG UdH
jQH SG a ,GMG Y G dG H gG
IjG jdGh IQKEH SG f ;G adG j jhdG
.AGG

````Y ``dG
k```J ```dh
dG ``` U``YCG J
dG j dG eCG ,fj T
M ``e aj ```WG``G ``e
, ``` b``` dG G``` H ``` ` J``G `````dG
ej Mh je T ``NGhCG eh
O`` ` `dG Q`` ` `` `YEG `` N GR G`` `g
Y JS ``eh ```dG H ``e
afi ``e O``Y ```Y ``KC` J ``e
J `````j , ```````dG `` ` jhh
GDdGh dG IG``g e jdG
bGe ``` b``J CG ``` ` a ,``` N``` G
WGGh ,QYEG Uh dG
,jG dG bGjh j
jdG `` `j`` `G `` ` `Y `` `gQ`` `` ` Jh
ZdG T ``H ```M ,`````dGh
e ``` ` J ``` J``` ` ` ` J CG`` ` ` `Hh
jd CG ZQ dP j , jdG
dG ```` ``j``L O``` UQCG g
da FSh jdh , GAdG e
jG ``gG``` dG `` g ```e ```U``d
SQ SQ e O``Lh G G ,
h , dG ``g ``f```e ``Y``j
QYCG Yh ShQO e IOSG
.{ a { h zfL{
NCG dG G Y ```dG
GDdG EG H Q``Gh G
jQGG UdG `` EG J
MGS f HdG dG H
dMG OUQCG LQh ,dG
`` `jQG`` `G `` ` `` `U`` ` `dG `` `c`` `e Q`` `` ` Y
G SCGQ H e G dG
MCG ``j `` dPh ,``cQ``e `` SCGQ EG
.QG fj 15 aGG G
Me ``` ` ` j `` ` dG `` ` `eCG qEG
dh ```Y dG CG ``g dG
J EG LH ka a ,J
e ``Y``` ``` ` J `` ` `dG ``e``` G
jdG SQGdGh AG``G
VdG J ```Y dG IQ``` dG
```dG ``j``G `` `Gh `` G
CG YG a , IKCe dG H
jG dG QJh J f
M ,i`` NCG hO ``e acGh
U .f e c fCG
qdh jdG dCe e d fEG
VGh jJ g J CG e
if CGh jG OUQCG Je e
fCG f dG G dG ka
Y ``dP i``f CG O``f ,``H ``e```j
dN j e ej efH
Ke OLh e UG QdG
VdG d Mj SQ
Y S ``e ``g ,``` ` bGh ```H
j dG dGh FdG QfG
MGdG ``` Y ``` W``` dG ``` ` e
.jdG
h J J hO g
FdG QfG e jJ h J
OUQCG a ,j AL fC
Te ``` ` ` H `` ` `UG`` ` `e `` `j`` `G
`` eG`` dG `` ` N `` `e ``` ` ` G `` `e
N ``eh G fjdG
Mj SGM ``e Ke
hQjh ,`````e `````H A``` T ``c
EG `` ` ` `` ` `dG ``` J``` ` `
H dG J fC j
QYEG Jh UdG IOh e
dG j M ,FfG Mh
IQ`` ` `TEG ``` ` ` fh `` d`` G `` `
OUQCG ce e gCdGh OGSG
.b jCH dP b jG
madreen@alroya.info

TdG OY jDhdG

M cCG .INCG YdG h G QN


G ``e I``` c ```j```T q CG ``a``` dG
SCc jQ HG fi e UNh
k
d ;I``g``` ` G ````e h```````S ``` dG
SCc bH GTG Y dG JQb
gG HG q CG adG VCGh ,dG
M `` a`` ` NGh ``` M``` ` e ``` d ``` ` ` S
fCG EG aVEG T d G G
FdG cJ j S dG Hh
IM Y N ``JGP H G``gh Q````dG
`` gQEG EG c ,dG I```Mh ``j``NBG
Ve
m H dG jOCJ Y IQdG Yh
ba TdG g ``eCG .dG dG
SCc dH e dG dG J CG
Id jgG f VfG ```dG
dG EG O``` j hCG `````d``a ,``` ` SCG
dG CG k e ,G```T``d JG
dG H bdG Qa EG Oj dG
gG LGdG HdG a ,jRGdGh
J CG kbe ,INCG bhCG YGh
SCc bH cG dhC IVM G
.dG

Oj da SCH YCGh ,gSCGh gCG


dG ``SC`c Ig Th M EG
f ``e```Y :``````e ,``` bD` e I`` a `` gh
dG gH eCG CG ,dG SCG
G Gg eCJ Y jQOb Z dGh
gCG ``eh ``FO```dG I``g````G d d
SG ``Y kG````H ````dG `` NGO ``g``` SCGh
Y kGHh gG INCG YdG EG
J ```dG dG ```SQ```Gh ``c````G
fGL d EG M NCG bdG dP
J HjEG ``fG``Gh ,IjY S
G I`````G G`````d O`` `G ``F``` dG G`` Y
gdG dH dG ```j CG ``` eCG
``S``` dG `` `jCG h``` ` e ``` jh
HG d j d ``jO``G Ja
dG j e c Y GH gCG e

aNh gG q CG ``KQ``G ``` VhCGh


dG hCG UGh MGdG d J
J e hCG UJ e Ye Y
fQe g d ``fCG EG Ge Rj CG
Yh Y Sh jQG Ige H
j M DhG`` gCGh de d a OG```fG
dGh dG Sh SfG dG
`` ` `c`` dGh Ah`` ` `` `d `` ` ` `NBG `` g`` j ``` ` a
dG M e UdG H SGh
H QGb SGH iNC Ib e
.QG b e jJ Y Gk M dh

HG T
dG `````j :OGh `` dh ```M `` bh
H ````dG Q`` N ``` J``bhCG e A````b
Y jH d YS jh jQG

GTG bHh jdG ILCG aJ


dG ```f```eEG a ,R``` G ````L
GTG ````S A``` d Gk ` ` f ;G`` ` ` TG
.a dGh
gG EG gdG CG EG jGhdG QTCGh
S O``` HCG ``d ``j``f``G ``jQ```e ```H```
bh ```J ``jQ```G ``e G```c C Gk ``f
dGh NdG ``FGhQ EG aVEG ,NCe
.NG b e jS dG
f Lh d fa KQG SEG eCG
Y Ea T hH :dH VhCG iNCG
``fG``G L T ```dG G`` MG
e ``j```j ``eh ``j`````dG ````dG ``dP
CG ```Th ,``f``YEGh Jh ```f ```M
Ic f J S dG SCc dH
NG dG Vda HG e Ich
H MOdG d M ke
UbGh ```````d``H EG `` G ``dP
dP ``e `` gCG ``V```d `` `YCG ```fG```e ``e
e ``c AM e A``L J hCG
dHh .. jQG H G dG
SG `` `eEG ``jQ``` N ``H ``S``` dG ``` ` UCG
AGT ``N ``e ````d ```b```dG G``` ` dG
AdG hCG N H H UG G
.e EG

eMh hY
S ``c dG CG ``H Mh i``jh
e Ic Y eMh hY Gc
G ``c CG H dG Yh He
IgG ``` f ```H`````j GQ`` ` `ch GQ``` ` U
:j ``H OQCGh ,````V``G G`````dG
jQG H I```c Y S
j ``e ```g ```dh ``g```Gh ``Y```G
h G
k c NG Z KCj Sh NdH
H Mh NGh ,``jQ```G H ``J``j
Ig j ``j````dG q CG ```j``M
UN h gcJ eH gh jQG
e Ggh dG Y GHh eJ
Qa G``d ,``g`````c ``e```dG ``c``eCG
Jh G```TG bH AGT S
Y dG OGQCG EG dd fGG e AL
.dG Ic e jJ

YGPEH eQ T N d J zIU gGe{


OGYEH ``e``b ```c ,``` YG``HEGh ``` HOCG ````T```dGh
IjL WCG GHEH J kYSCG U
{ ``Y``a Y ``gh.z```TG``a{ :fGY ``e``dG
e ``e GkO``Y ``H``L ```dG zjU Hc ab
Jh IAG``` dG Y ``` WCG `` dG
dG e OY TdGh WCd d QU .. Y
G{ ```ch , z``c``jh ``fCG{ c e ```HOCG
zIdG fi QTCG{ ch ,zJcGP a dG
zdGh dG{ jGhQh ,zfe LGe{ ch ,
zdG dG z```c OG`` YEGh H eb c ..
TQh ``cQ````G ``` WCG b J ``dG
.jU Hc ab

.dG dG N kej GkX bO HQCGh


,Leh ``` J``c ``` MCG Q`` ` gRCG q CG EG Q``` ` j
,IdG dG J ` ,``` WCG OC` H eh
.jOdG UdGh ,WCG bh ,jGhdGh
ah jf ``` SGQOh Fbh kb ``L``Jh
e kb LJ c ,HdG EG jEG e
M ebCG CG d Sh .jEG EG HdG
,HgG WCd IdG dG Hc Y
GHEG ``M Gh`` fh `````eCG OG`` YEG Y ``a```TCGh
HdG gCG M GVfi J c ,WCG
OdH YG AbUCG Of SCG .. IAGdGh
WCG ``gG``e ``j``Y``d ````e Om `` f ``gh ````dG

WCG OCH Gh LGh JdG J


fH J ```Y `` `jCG ``g ``` MCG Q`` `gRCG
KCG Y S ``dG zI````U ``gG``e{ `` YGPEG
T ``N ``e```dG I````dG ```Yo S `` YGPEG
e GkO`` `Y Q`` ` gRCG ```a Qh``` ` ` Sh Q`` ` G ``` ` eQ
JCjh .. IOG gGe M QdG HgG
d oY S YGPEG S V efdG Gg
Jh `` gOG`` YEG ````e ``` jE` H I``` ``eG``H
HdG gGe Sh .J d
,AdGh HGh SGh VjdGh SdGh
gGe{ edG QG``G Qfi g ,gZh
Nh ``` f``` dG ``Y``` ` dG G`` `J ``` dG zI``` ` U

eGH
zIM e{ `a BGdG b Y j G aCG
e `` `` ` dG ``` ` M ``` ` ` ` ` ` J
IM e `` YGPEG efdG
G ``` MCG ``H ``` aCG ``` ` ` dG
dG ```V``e ``M jd
efdG CG EG Q````jo ,```fBG```dG
c `` ` `dG BG`` `` ` dG h``` ` j
dGh fCG LJ IM
,Sh ``` ` dG ``` ` fC` ` W `` e
``e ``` LCG ``` ` fEG n ```````d
Goj ,``Z n ojh n n a f
Y ITe AGdG Y efdG
e gh ,kGX dGh fdG YdG N c dG BGdG ``YGPEG ``KCG
.G gGR H de GNEGh dG MCG Jh OGYEG

G EG dG
eaCG dg EG f M ```G f ``d .``Y``dG ``e
he iJ fG fCG Ib FS
HY ``Qh N fLe af d edG G
Oe YO e f CG j PEG.dGh jdG dfh
dG G gG aCG fUh fEG MW eCG FY
jh dG e UdG Y j dG dP g dG
QG ,dG ``jCGQ Mh .dG ```fEG A``H d
gCGh G dG IdG ddG cQGh
M d cCG YdG H g FdG e Le
IG hH TG cMG gh CG gCG dH f RJ
jJ A``H K ``eh dG Q``Nh ``NGO e FdG e
d FdG YdG cG G bY
GK ,dG HT .k e Y TGh jQe AH
a f bh dG jQe Y kgP d AdG CG
G e OG YdG LhCH j a AZh dG kL
i``NCG Ua Y f fYO .dG G``g Y dhDG
.G EG ,eCG EG f
jJh FS jQS *
careless7@hotmail.com

H CG kGHCG f dGh jOdG OGh PdG f q j


.dhdGh G dG e EG S Hh Uh
Y `` dG dG Sf UCJ e dg
...a ,Y ,HOCG ,```YCG g f c e dYCG YO
hCG ze{ c fgPCG EG QOj YO c f ea .dEG
f CG j de gh dG YGHEG dG Yd dS
Ea ,YCG jG e Y e dG dh .J Y
fdG G J CG bj CG j dG FdG
.MCG ZCG kjOe FdG jQe YH k e d
FS `` aCG ``` fE G`` eCG `` ShDhQ Q``j ``k ``H d G
e eM YO GP g d fEG c jW CG fc Ib
eM GQGRh IY EG C EGh dGh jQGSG U d
e Le d O``G YdG Y G ``LCG e
iNCG ``LhCG dg .````jCG b ```dG dGh I`` NCG f
MWh dG GO Yc G gaJ CG
Gh fLGh GVGh TQdc FdG TG
.eRCG HZ k L hJ fc dG IQGh dG Mh
FS `` ` YCG ``` J ``e``W ``` Y `````c ``` ` f ``d
dYCH d OG YdG H YQJ W jdG J
dG G``g Q````e ````d `````G ``e ``fQ````fG ``` NC``Hh

dG q CG ``` H``` G `` e O`` `Y `` ` cCGh


S ``j`````dG ``` dG ``` M Q``` ` MGh
LGJ ``` ` eh ,I``` c ``````S G`` KC` `J ``d
EG je ,`````d jgG f
SCc dH Gkjh dG dG q CG
Me fc dGh VG f dG
fl e He T ,gd H
GMG ``e d ,G ``FG```Th ```a
.HG f aj CG G Y UCG
e ``b dG e j ah
M ``H ```MCG ```V``j``dG ``G ``e``f``H
,j dG ee dG :UdG
OhG j ,jdG V j CG H fq CG
,.kf dEG UdG e SdG d
jH bdG fdH dG h
fH EG jh gJ a
G i``d ``c GPEG EG G`````S``d ```H``b
eRQGN e dG ah SG RL
CG O```h .`` eCG Jeh dG ``a
dG ce Sj ,Jh IQTEG J
M ,YdG Q``` bCG ``MCG EG I```T```e
Yjh ,IQTEG YdG dG j
jgd h ,``VQCG EG H jh
e a ,jd dG G eCG WdG
H UG fjdG GdG J
ed dh Qd e ```fCGh UN
HdG ````j ``e ``` FGO ``L```dG EG ````H
J M UG GdG J e Ga
e ``G ``g c ,````G ``eG``dG H
gh ,``` ` G ```b``j `` dG ,``` dG ``SC` c
UN bH AGT EG HG aj e
de J gQhH dG ,gG OJQG hCG
.GTG He Ic
G ``` c``dG q E` ` a ````e ``g ``` ch
qCG dHh S e g dH
SQ aj CG hO dG SCc j e
j ``fE` a k````N``J ``` hCG G``` TG
h .`` `jQ 5000 EG ````J ``jO``e ``F````N
M dG UCG G bdG
a ,HdG g c bdGh QfG
GhLGj CG U dCG hj GJH
dG hCG ``d````dG I``g```` ``g``MCG ```e
.G QN
S dG CG jGhdG a cPh
CG kG`` cD` e ,IO``` d``c ```````dG ``JG``KC` J ``d
Ic He J fc HdG G``YCG
c ```d``a G ```a fl ``e Gk` L
J `````H ,``d``` e ``e ``` H``` G ``f``` eE` H
CG k`f```MCG HdG ``e ```a BG ```V``dG

GY d fCa T Yb EG g e jM e JCS e
G H bY iJ h d fdG G
gdh .a ddG H QMh GQjdG OhM TdG
G fdG dG OH Gc j dG jG EG
.G WdG VQCG Y dG b
fdG d IdG Id He qCG Y j
`` HhDhOh Ie ``dh``fi d fdG G O```L
JCJ dG OG J .WdG VQCG Y FS YU
GN a J dG jQdG TQdG e dGb I``Y
eh ``jQ``````dG ``H```ch G`` ` NEG ``W``dG Q`` Nh `` NGO ``e
G .h``dG FdG e Lc FdG aG
b GP H gjh OG J j e g dG Gh
LG ``e Y a O```G a JJ CG Vj ``bh
HM Y GHh .dGh G ao e c fh
e dGh dG ch jGh dGh dGh HjEG
SdG H id GedG e YCG f CG j ,eY
GJ ``eh Y dG OG d edG IQdG J
h dG EG eOb FS f GQO```e J
fdG c GQOG d SQh VM H EG a
G HdG FdG GG GRe bh UN d

FS jDhQ

* S g

VjQ

2014 fj 12 aGG `g 1435 T e 14 G

22

z2014 jfe{ fG H jRGdG gQfCG Hj IjG IMdG Y


Y ``` fCG ```Y I``e 212 ``j``j ``e `` SQG`` Gh
.YG
Id h``dG O``G dhDe h``Mh
j O``G CH GOfG Y OdG dG
``FG````dG ``` aGO ````M ```Y ```F``g ``M``HQCG
.jRGdG
dG CG jRGdG e dG jh
jQG J ``NC``dGh IQh``` d ddG
```d`` `````f ``g I``` ` G ``Z O`` Y`` dGh
```dG O``` ` ` dG ``H``` ` ` d `` `dP O`` ` `jh ``` d``e
Id h`` dG O`` G ``M ``d```dG ``
``G RG```HG e jdG jQdGh dG
EG ddG ``jQ``J O```jh .f ``jRG``dG
hCG dG ebEG T dGh 1930 Y
bCG a ,dH Ra dGh G``LhQhCG
h ,1934 Y djEG fdG dG
dH RdH ```jEG G G
dG ```d```dG dG Y ``a``M `` dG
.1938 Y fa aSG

GQ```Gh VjdG YG GQSG


IFa GP S SSCG o dG e gZh
b d :dbh .jdG iG Y Od
e IQe ..jRGdG LCG e eCG GH
f dG jQG c CH b e H MU
dG FM J d ddG LCG e
.hQOj eY
J EG ```H```N ``` ` ShQ ``` ` Sh
ej bh f dG jQG Y AdG
``d````dG ````````J ``` dG `` `G ``` ` S ``` a
dG J NCJ e je 12 Yh
H `` ``Y hCG dG ``jQ````e ``e
.`` ` `WEG ``` Y ``S``` ` e `` ` bGh EG `` ` `NBG
Y ``` fEG C` H ``jh``bCG ````ShQ ````aQh
EG Q``````SG ``LG``J EG iOCG ``` dG ``SC ` c
gZh...dGh dG Yb e M
CGH e fCG VhCGh .edG eG e
b ``` dG ``SC``d ``Y``G A```H ``jRG``dG
dG ```Y ``e```G ````fCG G````S ``K

LQCG e A``L a .SGQhgh


``j````fh G`` ` `jEGh ``` S``` dGh ````S```dGh
HdG YG Vh ,SOdG YG
IG ``j``dGh JdGh fCG e
```e```dG ``Y``` ` G `` ` eCG ,`` f`` Zh ``` ` j``eCG
ShQh H e a I`` `NCGh
G ``` jh .```H```G ``jQ``ch ``FG``Gh
Y k ````M G `` cCG ``e ``` jRG``dG
G ````j ,G`` `e 5 ````M ```M ;````dG
K ,``` dCG 3`` H ```f``CG ``K ,``` dCG 4`` H ``` jEG
,e d H G`` ` LhQCGh ````LQCG
``` ` f``ah G`` ` `G ``` ` ` ` e ``` ` M ``` ` a
.IMGh Ie fSEGh
jO jRGdG FQ aGO ,fL eh
SCc aSG Y FdG fEG Y ShQ
OdG b Ie ,```dG Id ```dG
IQG``` H G``` M``j CG ``` Y `````WG``e ``` Mh
.``gO``H EG ``j``aG``dG ``f``LCG H
EG jdG H N ShQ ``d``bh

cdG - dhH hS
Id dG SCc ae ,dG ,J
J ``` dG ,20`` ` `dG ```````f ``` dG
13 M fj 12 e IdG N jRGdG
.ke 32 cQ 2014 dj
(G) jRGdG G Sh
Y MaG IGQ``` G ``JGh```dG ```f
``dh``H h```S ffQc ```jQG e
``````G ``````J h .hCG ``Y``` ` G
;Y 8 EG jfG cQG 32`` dG
,Gh ,JGhch ,jRGdG :hCG V
eM) fSEG e ALh .hedGh
dGSCGh Jh UdG Gdgh (dG
ddG ``Y````G h .```f```dG ``Y````G
edch ```dG ``M```Sh ``f```dG e
GG e ```HG``dG s Vh ,``H```dGh
h ,G`` ` ` ` `LhQhCGh ``` jQ``` ` S``ch ``` d``` jEGh
QhOGcEGh GjSh fa e eG

zVCG{ G jQch ..IdH j ShdG dGh ibCG TG Hh ..HdG IdG AGd FGG :edG YG
MCG - jDhdG

AGdG HQ
``j``f``G `` `FG`` `G ``` ` ` G Q``` ` j
jh ,````d G``` Mh ``` ,``` HG``dG I````d
Id e AGOCG FGG G
dhdG adG Cq G ZQh .HdGh jFGG
VCG ``MCG ``fq CG Y ``FG``G G J
``fq CG EG ,``j``f``G h ``Y````G ``````G
S ```fq CG bGe i``j gGe I``Y
````SEG da `` Y ``gQ`````jh ,Q`` ` dG
WfZ Y gGH Sjh a S
Qe Oj jL L EG aVEH ,SEG
CG dH H Ic K eh ``cPh
Cq G c ,```dG SCd G gCJh jaEG
.jfG gj e cQe YdG
jQG JU FGG G HJh
dG SCc a JGOGSG V jOdG
G ```Y ````J ```M ;2014 `` jRG`` dG
AGOCG H ,g He ag H ehdG
iG H H j ,iG Y a
,fehQ IGQe h .eQCG IGQe b dG
``H```dG `````G `` CG `` M`` G `` e `` c
dG Y ke H GJH FGG
,2010 jaEG L jfe H GJG dG
UeGh G Ib e edG N e
AH Y Y a ,jd aGMG jH
dG ZGdGh GdG e IOSGh dG
dG AfEG Y EG k Uh ,G ej
.H kGVM dG c EGh da jH
Y Y edH FGG G jh
bh ,HjEG eCG gh ,HhQhCG a a
jaEG L dG SCc Ff jdG H
OYGh aG YdG GbCH jRGdGh
SSCG agh ,HhQhCG aG ASCG Y
aCG ``H ``e ```j ee e ``j```J
h .jdG G dG G
H I```L ``X```M ``` dG i``d Eq G ``` dG
Y ``` fq C ,```F````dG ``e ``` dG Qh`` `dG
q``J O`` Lh ``e ``` ` MG ``c ```Y Me
hCG ```T``G j ``dG dG d
jdG cdG EG dH dG QhdG d
FGG aS M ; dG aG
jQch ShQ e c e fdG bdG Y
.HG

eY 2002 R`` EG Q``` dG `````G Q``` j CG


Gg qdh ddG HGdG cG jdG MG
IQ````SCGh ```W``dG Q`` G O```j ``dG ``j```dG
OGSG Y H e g jQdG dG Ic
QdG G Qjh .BLG d FGO
jQJ SdG Id FdG HG
S j jRGdG jfd gCJ dh
jdG jW g GgCG Qa c M
HRhCG e M Y gCdG bH
.GjEG G gQJ dG YG f
k HS Q```dG G `` ``MCG ``g ``Jh
H 2013 ```f``j ``j```dG ``jQ``J ```dhD```e
M I```T```e ```F`````d ``j```dG ``gC` J ````M
``` dhD` ` ` G ``g `` c ``` ` J ``` WG``e `` J
jdG dL AL c .ITe gCdG YCG
d jGah jj ``N IG ``j``dG
b QdG G QfCG H dG e Gje
H jfG da fG Y b QT
Ra M dG g jd VGG FdG
4/U Nh jQSc e Y U /1
.jeCG G ``eCG 2/Uh G ``eCG
G ````V``N ```H```S `` jOh IGQ``` e `` NBG h
,jRGdG jfd JGOGSG V QdG
/2 ``f```dG ```f Y R```dG jdG M
eG KCG UdH QGO Y U
eCG H RdG Gg d VG SQe e
QdG G RY ,G``g e ``cCGh .jd
``a``` G ``` Y``d``H A``` ` dG ``a``` ` U
jdG dL Y GHZ jdGh HhQhCG jfCG
QhdG QY QdG G eCjh jeCG
.jQJ ddG Id jfH hCG
I``` dG ``` f i`` `MEG ```S``dG ``N ``` h
f g dG hj H ,Q```dG G
G jh jdH VGdG dG
ZdGh jdG hQ Y deBG HG jQc
gh dGh dCdG YdG id IjdG
e EG Fg aO eb dG UdG
.VG HG jQc
Eq ` a ,``JGOG`````SGh jdG ``bGh ``eh dd
Y GQk O`` b d jJ HQ e
OLh U XM hJh hCG QhdG Rh
gdG Gh Hc ShQ H e
.AGdG HQh d

KK ``k `FGO jh .L c ``a``dG b


QjO S ,a Gh``e g SdG N
dG a dG KK qeCG .a cCGh
ccdh QdG Y OQGR``gh dGe LGj
dG G jh .```e``eCG Le
H e cGG OJh G dG Y N
q j c ,d ``ck ``HQEG j YdG
FGO ```dG VdG ```SQE`H G ML
N e G hCG ccd LG ``SCGQ e
aGG ec ``SCGQ ``f```MCGh a SdG
Rh .`` eCG EG Gc dG Oj ``dG
jdG Y IQdH dG G Y
R dG G a dGh
c dG ``g Y ``jQO``b Y LGH
YdG H ASG H e CG eh cGG
ddG ``cq ` ` ` dGh ```Y``dG i``d I````dG
G````G Jh .``b```J ```dG ````V```dGh
e Y Yh dG d IdG
G ```jEG HU H ``k `FGO N
k G j ``dGh jdG
YadG HdH jC
hCG k eg G Y cCG G j
I``aGh G WdG M hJh .k YaO
k G jbh dG QhdG H
V LGd jC
.dG SCc QdG He

jJ HQ
``` ` ` ` ` dG `` jO`` ` ` dG ``J``` ` e `` ` ` ZQh
FG ``Z bdGh jdG ``JGOG`````SGh
HG jQc e Zj ,AG``G e
```dG ``SC` c ````H GkO`` ````dG
J ```dG I``j``G f ``N ``e
G jh .G dG e jRGdG
dG QhdG Hh hCG QhdG QY EG QdG
gQKCG dG jhdG TfG Nh bCG Y
2002 jf gdG Hd jdG Uh
gG dh jS HdGh HG jQc
.``F``g `` X ``` ` dG G`` g Q`` ` `dG ```````H
H G``L Fe ``jQ```dG ``g```G h``` Jh
bq dG g dh FbEG QGhOC`d ja
c ``ZQ AG`` G i``d k M `` LGhQ
k ``
L H e M
k cCG g QdG G
jQJ QG``e Y BG M jSBG G
cCdH AGG bj h .dG SCc H

d d Gk aM S GQfd Jh
.M bCH FdG HQ QhdG

d gdG G
2002 dG SCc e dG G N
HhQhCG dG EG j h ,16``dG QhO e
H ``dhD` ` ` G CG````d 1984 ``Y ```e
gh .O```dG I```dG SS J dG
e bdG dP Od q dG jG YCG
``` O``cCG ``e EG CG``` j A``` ` dG Cq G ```H```S
ja AH Y dG 2002 e CGd TdG
bSG H Y QO``b ``b
.c bh 2012 jGH
q h
c `` gOG`` YEGh TdG ```Y ```c``dG
Se fTH OcCG Y OGYEG j
jGH QH AL e gh 3-3-4 G Hh
H ,``c``c``d ,QGR`` g IO````H T L ``e
b jh 2012 HS Md h`` NBGh
.Jjh Qe EG d jQdG G
``` FGQ ``e `` `cCG ``````J ``````H ``e``bh
fK H hCG YG IQG```U gCe
fe d FN hHh dOJh GQfG
S 12 H dG SCc EG Ojh jRGdG
Tjh .````dG d Q````NG hCG ``eh ```Z
G dG Ic eh HG e dG
UdGh jfG ICLG d dG
dG j H jRGdG VGQCG Y GH
EG ``d````dG ``SC` ` H IO``` ` d ````T``G ````V
Le jfG H Y Sh .QjdG
dG gh cCG Jh H G H
c G WdG J G MdG
dG Gh Jjh jh .j
-3-4 ``gh CG Gc J I``MGh N Y
`` e`` eCGh `` e`` G ``` SG``M G`` JQ`` c O`` L`` H 3
fha ,ec ,jajdCG YHdG
dG dG Z H dPh jeah
GSG EG QG Yj jdG J

OLH GDaJ ``cCG edG YG J


jdG ,ShQh H g HhQhCG e
gDG bdG Te fS
``jQ``ch ``FG``G ```LG``e ``` dG Qh`` dG EG
.AdG QW GJ dG HG
SCc Ff ```HQCG G cQTh
gMh d 11H Ie 29 dG
,2002 Y HdGh HG jQc gNBG c
4) FGGh (5) ShQh ,(9) HG jQc qeCG
Te QNG dH dG ``eh ,(G``e
Y J dG H d ,IO```dG ``a KG
GQ``b j c ```j Q`` eh ```gP L
.Y Ic WdG J CH eCJ ,Y
MH jRGdG EG ShQ J ,HG
H OG`````SG ``j``J ``` fq CG k``U````N ,```d``Y
.2018 ``Y J ```dG G d ``q `L
ShQh H e HG jQc e c Hh
jQc ,dG SCc kHS FdG f QhdG
,ddG aSG eY 2002 Y HG
Uh H 1986h 1982 eY Je Hh
fc eY FdG f EG 1966 ShQ
,``FG``G `` eq CG ,````a````dG O`` G ```S``H J
e G`` gh `````dG EG ``j```dG `` CG s a
C G
k ``N k N ```Sh``dG G ```jh
jaEG L jQe K a a
```d ``` H``` G G`` `j ``e G`` g ,``` LG``j ``j``a dG GEG V IMGh H ,VG dG
``SC` c ``` F``` f ``Y ```H```Z Eq G ``` c ,``` Sh``dG ShQ Q``j ``dG Hc Ha G```TE`H fc
`````jh ,kG``` c e `````L ``` dG
.dM
d eG FbEG QGhOCG LGd IH
ShdG dG
Y ``bh `` dG ```Sh``dG G ```Y
,FGGh HG jQch H dCG J jfe Ff ShdG G Vjh
dG ```b hCG ``Y````G QhO j CG ````SCG ```Vh ``Y j ``gh 2014 ``jRG``dG
cQG Cq G ``bQ```G ````Jh .``F````dG ``H``H ,2018 f Fd aSG b dG
Vh 2002 Y FdG Shd I``NCG HQ IG djEG q bGdG Y e
``jRG``dG Y kG```c He Y gCJ V e Hc OMh .Hc Ha dG
HdGh GdH H e M bh PEG ,2014 IOb g d jRGdG Ff EG e
dK M CG H gCdG e J h fJh SCc d f aCG EG ``Sh``dG
Hh ,M adG jT ,HdG N dPh ,adG OG Y fG e dG
.gh RH aS jW aCH g ``LCG e
kGL Hc jh .````VQCG Y 2018 f
jh dDhJ Y Ie e cCG Hc Yh
dG dG EG ja M M dDhJ bhJ H dG SCc Ff dG e
dG Hc YGh ,JOb ``NCG M L jf dG Qh``dG e h``G IQG``e
``j```f ``` M ``` Sh``dG ```````H ``W``` JQG O`` e J M fEG G e 2010 jaEG
Ua S 2014 Ff Cq H ,2018 jfe -1) `` CG ````Z `` eCG ``d``e ````g `` NCG
cG e S fq C Yd FGQ J GOfG `` ```jEG Q``G L ``e ,(4
G ibCG V dG N e K IN hjh .fjdG ``YEG FSh ``YP``dG
``jRG``dG j CG Hc ``eC`jh .```dG Ha hO Y j ``dG ,Hc CG
q M dG ja Ie QGH 2010 jaEG L ``SQ``dG J b ShQ
G`````S``H ``a``` SCG ```Y ```Y ``e ```` ``e dG jf JbJh JJ dj h
AG``G j ``e G``gh ,Y Y ``e aCG FdG ``HQ Qh`` dG ``k ``VGh ,``jRG``dG G
``gO``H e ````H Fe ````ShQ S d kjCG dG Gg d , c
`` ak `` Nh .``` ` G ``` ` ` dG ``` F``` f 12 e FdG Q````j ```G
,jRGdG SY cQG HhQhCG G hdG SdG d f aCG OJh keY
Y jdG dG Ff Hc j kHGQ q `M M GfG 1966 ``Y EG dG
G Qh``dG Y L j J d j h .JadG O`` G `` jCG
M `` dG Se ``e```jO ``e S H ``e fG e JGREG aCG J dG ShdG
e Nh ,SG Gg ShdG QhdG k HGQ f QhdG EG dUh JadG OG Y
.Uh jR e HQCGh dG Se S QhdG J CG ;2008 ``HhQhCG SCc e FdG
ShdG dG M Cq G EG dG Jh cCG ddG QTh ,dG SCc e hCG
HQe IAH e ,Ic dG QhdG H dG fH a Je dG T
.2002h 1994 eY
`` NBG H ``j``` Mh ````Y ````H I`` Nh

jdG TG RHCG QhOJGh dGh edGh ..aj zjfG IS{


```e````dG `` ``j``` J ``` b``` dG `` L`
u ` Jh
,ggL eCGh ,VQCG Y oG jfH
Y G
k ` ` c f k````V j ``dP CG EG
LQCG e j a ,jRGdG Y
H ````T``G `` cCG V ``` f``CGh ```f````SEGh
,dG Y aG Jh .G dG
,SdG :e- QdG cQe J H
```KEG Zd I```c ````gCG -``SGQh``` gh
g ``f``Z e CG `````G i`` jh .G`` ` dG
dG H e kM ``ahCG jaEG G
H ```U``N ,``j``f``` ` d ``` gC` ` G ``` ` j``aEG
``JGA```d `` NBG ``e``b `` dG ``g```dG ``V```dG
s M ;HG jQc eCG jOdG
dG O
YHH ,QdG dG ````T RQS
.FdG jGH e b jCG b f

Z MGdG ``HhQ AbUCG jh


EG ,dG SCc e ,IH XG
G AS jd dG f SCdG
,dG SCc e jW Gd dM dG
dH fG M e MGdG Jh
````SEG QhO``J``G bS M ;VG
.dd e Ff J IGQe
``fG``a fdG ````dG ```Z ``cC` J ```Hh
,fdG jdG e U Y QjQ
``jQ ``e s ` ` G `````H `` c ``j``` dG O``` j
IdG dCGh ,HhQhCG HCG QhH jQe
e cCG i X CG H UN ,INCG
jdG fd ``eu D`j CG SGh ,`` FGQ
f ````S ``f``L EG ,Q``` j``d ``L``` dG
.GjG jJHh

H QJ H ..dd OSCG G
.G dG Y G
SdH Ie hC SdG e Qjh
j G
k ` ` c kGR`` `EG ``` a ,``j``f``G
Y gCJ H ,SdG jQL Id
,``WEG Y S J HhQhCG Y
i``bCG G RQS dG e Qjh
e j H ,````j``aEG IQ``` dG ``Y
Id jfH MdG HdG G FGG
Id ````jo R`` EG G``` dG ```Y ```f```dG
SOdG H AH JjQe ,jFGG
,h``d``fhQ fjc O```jh ,```f``j ``e Y
IGQ```e ````fCG H OU H ,```J``dG
jdG G M Y ``HhQhCG G
.dG

e ieh IQU Y G dhDe


Ad k` ` HGQ s ` M `` dG ,G`` ` ` LhQhCG O`` H
cQe ``` h ,``` g``dG ``H````H Q````dG ``e
i`` cP `` jRG`` dG ``j``f``e iG`` ` ` ` `LhQhCG
;hdG g M C` ah ,ae
e jRGdG Y iGLhQhCG Ra M
jfe Ff ,gQL ``eCGh ,fcGQe
.1950
dG `` f`` CG G`` ` `dGh ````dG `````jh
M .c Sb bQ Sc She
ddH jdH dG djEG o
``b``dG ``jRG``dG ``cQ```` ````e``G I````d
ij a .RdG Ge Od SdG
Q````e O`` ``` j ``d J e CG
````d `````G ``e ``` c ``` ` TQ ``H ,``` T

aCG dG IQdG gG gG
.dG ie Y jhdG gGG
``j``f``G `` ` `` `LQCG `````e ``V``` jh
MdG :SCGQ Y ;dH Le
s FH
Y J ``dG ,e fd iQ``` ` SCG
`````jh ,``` ` j``Y k `` ` eBG ````` dG ``g``` L
LQCG Ra M c Y Sb bQ
Ic jQJ UCG bdG d ;SCdH
s G jQe O fCG dG fL EG ,dG
dGh ,HhQhCG HCG Sc dH G e
iG Y jfCd ``cCG ddG J
.HhQhCG
RjdG ``- jQGS ``Y``G j Hh
s
ac Y Sh
-``` ` EG Hd
fdG eL S jQH Le

dG SEG - jDhdG
I```d ``` dG ``SC` c ``d```H ,``` dG ,`````J
EG ggL j dGh ,jRGdH dG
SOdG dG edG bGQ j CG
jG dG c Y OYH ,jQJ
Jh ,HhQhCG jfCG cC j jdG
fTH Y Qf dG YQG eBG
j `` `dG- e O````d ;``` ` SEG
-JGhc e AH jfH JjQe
CG Y S ```J ``d ```dG ,````aG IQ```e
.ie
aCH JdG jeCG e Jh
;dd ``jRG``dG aSG H ;f
YJ dch ,HQe NG AG``LCG ``c

23

VjQ

2014 fj 12 aGG `g 1435 T e 14 G

zddG SCdG{ H d GYe fj 25 Oj Aa Of IQGOEG


dG G dG ``jG ``N O```dG
MCG gS dG IdG dMG d
e O``Y ```W`` ```M ;````U```dG O``` a
Sh ``` G ``j``Y``d ````a``dG dG
G Sh ,jCG N YGdG SG YEG
dG R``` Gh `` ` `jQGOGh ``` Y``dG ``` J
``` YG``dG ``` ` ` SD` Gh ``c``` ` dG EG ``a``` VEG
Aa O``f ``ch .O``` dG fC I``f````Gh
dG dL SCd FdG IGQH Ra b
H dG O`` f ```Y ``` dG I```d ````G
I````d ````d``H s ` ` ` d ;``` ` G ``j``` dG``` Y
QhO Uh M H ,jQJ SdG
CG H f 52 UH ad fY
Rd dG O```d aG R``HCG ``MCG ``c
NGdG UCG QT c ,QhdG QO H
jdG CG G SG OG Sc dH
.hCG QhdG e gCdG aj

jQJ e `a cQd fjJ EG cd e Tf

TdG OY - jDhdG
fj 25 ,A````a O`` f IQGOEG Os` `M
dG hdG jdG d GYe ;Q``G
.ddG SCdG dH N
`` dG ,``Y``` ` LG `` ` N- ``` ` ` G `` ` `YCGh
SFH ,OdG ,hCG eCG Ae oY
QMh ,OdG FQ dG S SG
IGQ```e ``e``bEG A`` `LQEG -IQGOEG A````YCG
Ye `````G Q``H ``Y``d `````SQ G``` YG
e ``j`` ,I``` dG O`` G ``e dH ,`` M
dG dG Ad Gf ;OG`` YEGh SGQdG
.fdG Id YdG eb
d OG``Y``d ```U``N ``` J h
dG R``EG Mh Sj h```dG jdG
d SdG dH jH jdG M
IQGOG CGJ CG G eh .ddG SCdG dH

zGedG { e fdG dG d GOGSG

TdG dW - jDhdG

CG cjo h . WdG e Td aGMG


dH Tf gP M SdG Y YdG
,cd IY eG G hdG
f a ```JG```dG ``L ``Y``dG ```M H
.IY HGdG f ddG

Y VG dG G ```JG ,jQdG
fEd dG e d UdG MJEG
`` YCG i`` ` MEG ``` J ``` dG ``j``` ` SBG ``` O``cC` d
:VCGh ..cdG d G OcCG
jGGh G``G e dG cQG ``g S

U ,cd WdG e Tf QO```jo


````U```dG EG ,h`` ` `dG `````e Q``` e ,``` ` ` dG
NGO e ,cQd fH jfjdG
..cd jSBG OcCG ,HSCG Kd
S H Y :``e c WdG e h
aH ,JGdG Y H Lh ,SdG
dG Yh G QGOEG dG M H T
.cdGh hOQd fo dG
S dG Yf e hCG cQG g Jh
jCHh jG YCG Y YdG jQJ a
Ic Ua ```fCG c ,cdG e
IjL GQe c G QGOE
.GMG jQdG
dG FQ dG GY H M ``bh
J cQG g EG :cdGh hOQd fo dG
JCG M ,LQG cQG HjEG ``gCG e
dH N jSBG OcCd fG Ia
VG dG bCG dG NGdG dCG SBG
Y Y a QT dG ,jdG jQc dhO
dG e V e SdG S H
H HCG FGQ Ff Mh ,cdGh hOQd
FQ GAd N eh ,dG g G
UdG jfjdG dG FQ e dG

S jYQ gd UG YdG EG
aGG dG j ebEG G GedG
dG j CG QG e M ;G jGa 14
eg Y j CG Y ,MU edG
c OY cQe T dG G S GedG
,hCG f idG dCG VjQ e
dG FQ HdG dN dG cQ h
dC dG O``G AYCGh fdG hCG
.dG
d ja J ,GOGSG Q``WEG h
e GAH S dG GedG d jhdG
Fe jdG AYCGh ,QG fj 15 MG
.dG jYd cdG e c OY SH

jDhdG - e
``{ ``` ` S ``e hCG ``````dG `` ``` H
d G AGOCG SDe J ,zGedG
j ``N e ;2015 d dG e fdG
ebEG QG dG g dGh G``gCG
S S ;G jGa e Y HGdG
hCG ```````dG `` NGO ``e ``cQ``` ` G ``e `` cCG O`` Y
e I``j``L ```a ``a``` VEG ```H ,``` dh``dG ``` HCG
cQG jfCd IFL :gh ;jFd FGG
J eCH M ;cdG EG aVEG ,dG
ad ;Y hCG Y 8 EG 5 e e ja
GYO G dG Lhh
s .hCG cGG Y

Gdgh fSEG IGQe H jRGdG J e H FGH IFdG YG


dUCG FHd IFL 24 dG N c ,QNOd
jdG FHd FGL EG aVEG ,jG OGaCd
H Nh ,TG G bH ej
FHd ``FG``L jdG ````G ``N e
JdG ``Y aG Jee h````jo ``j``dG
UdG ```YCG e H ```j ``d``Hh ;````dG
He ``` U``ah I``` G ``FG````H R````d ``````d
VjdG IgdG ``g e YdGh dG SCc
jCG N- e H j CG bG eh .dG
jFdG e Od iNCG MQ H -jfG
Y jFdG jRJ H ;jdG G
OY QM jFdG L QSh ,Y
dGh ,jRGdH 2014 a dG SCc jQe e
,G b e dG VjdG G Gg H
HdG Jh G H e H jh
a dG SCc dH FH UG jhdG
dG Qd UdG AYEGh ,jRGdH 2014
.dG VjdG G e Yd

jFdG jd HS KK AG``LEG c
He Sh dH J jJ M ``cCG
FHR HdG QTh ..```e``YEGh jgL
FGLh ,FG bH eMh fjG efH
FHd FGLh ,TG G bH FHd iNCG
.G aG eG FHd FGLh ,dUCG
Y ````H 20 ``H ``e e ```H Q````NG ``bh
jdG G g cQd ;dG ie
fY de SD Gc GRG dP ojh ,dG
VjQ I``g```J ``cG `````dG ``j````d``H ```
.jRGdG dG gS
e ```H s` `b ,````j`````dG ````G `` Nh
S M ;````dG Qd I```e I``F``L 66
dG I``c``J ``Y IQ``` Y ```e```T ``e``M I``F``L ``c
e I``MGh Q cGJh ,``jG HQCG I ``e``bEGh
dL I``F``G S ```c ,``` dG ``SC`c ``jQ```e
H Nh ,````jRG``dG ``G i`` MEG MS
fjG efd IFL 28 OY G N e

jDhdG - e
r ` `Z
V I``F```dG hCG ``Y````G ,``` eCG ,QO`
,`````e ``` H `````f ``` dG ,``` ` j``` ` ` dG ``` ` G
Id h`` `dG O`` ` Gh ``````dG G``` a ``e h````d``H
H `` jRG`` dG EG ```L```eo ;dG ``` dG
I``F```dG ``Y````G S ```M ;````` dG `` G
e ITe ,Gk` Z G```d``gh fSEG IGQ```e H
``j```dG ``````Jh IQ`` ` `KEG ``H``h ,IGQ`` ` `G ````e
i``MEG MS ``d``L ```M``dG `````Jh ,`````G
jFd Ua MdG Sh ,jRGdG ``G
d i``NCG UdGh ,GOG`````SG Ig
G WCG b e H ch .VjdG dG
2014 ```dG Id ```dG ``SC`c S jdG
hdG OGh dG Ga e hdH ,jRGdH
,2014 ``jG``a ``e hCG a ``` dG I``` d
dG fCGh ddG e jdG J Th
,dG G e dG QG YJ gJ

cG VjQ HCG H GQd fdG G


jDhdG - e

41 EG Uh dG ddGh fCH aM Se
M ;``MGh ``Y ``N da 72h TCG 6 da
e Ld kah ``eG``dGh dG N JCJ
Wd dG G jdG H M jdG
dGh ,GQd fdG G FQ Q```Gh
dG ``a``Jh ``c```G VjH VdG ```J
edG je YCG ah VjdG g SQ eBG
dG jYd GQGSG ``dPh dhdG Gh
SHb dG dG MU IM dj dG
dG d -`` YQh G M- G S ``H
.gGe Jh dG GQ``b U VjdGh
ebEG EG eOdG jCG N f :G VCGh
Y dG d cG Vjd edG LG
IQGOG Y FdG L dG bh .GdG
jJ G G J :GQd fdG G
AGS cG VjH adG YOh dG jGg
e gZh ..jQdG LGQdG hCG JQdG hCG jQdG
h ,edG H e Aj GQdG bS
.Gh dhdG HG Y e G

S ``H ``S``H``b dG ``d``G ``M```U I````M


VjdGh dG d -YQh G M- G
.gGe Jh dG GQb U
ebCG dG dG j Fe a VY h
,2014/2013 Se N GQd fdG G
IQGRh ch FdG MCG H OTQ dG IOS ``bh
ShDdG jRH (dG M YGQ) VjdG hDdG
.HG Y jFdG Y
IQGRh ```ch FdG ```MCG ``H O```TQ IO````S O``` TCGh
G ````d``H ``` dG O``` ``H ````V``j``dG hD` ` ` dG
efRhQ dd J ``N GQd fdG
d dG ee GQdG bd VG SG
,2014/2013 S M ``dG dG dG Y
TH ``a``M ``c ```V``G ```S``G CG EG G````eh
e AGS G dG a QTh G
.G h WGG
FQ G N H Y H S dG bh
M j :GQd fdG G IQGOEG
Af Ic IN 2014/2013 Se HCG J

eCG Ae ,GQd fdG G MG


```V``j``d 2014/2013 ```S``e ``` HCG ````H ,hCG
jYQ ,QG J G ,cG
hDdG IQGRh ch FdG MCG H OTQ dG IOS
G IQGOEG A````YCG Q`````Hh ,````V``j``dG
.eGh jYG e OYh ,GQd fdG
IQGOEG Y UGG ``g dG ```dCGh
f :a ``b ;c ,GQd fdG G
7 ,2014/2013 Se N GQd fdG G
cQ ,TCG 6 N dL 41 Y YRe H
.aGMG f Ic ,kcQe 877
e d G J :```UG``G `` bh
VjH Vd eh jb IYb J N
EG aVEG ,gjJh ,jQdG ``LGQ``dGh GQdG
..CdG G``g IG dhdG jG YCG J
IQGOEG Y ```UG``G ``g dG ``` VCGh
fdG G J :GQd fdG G
``aG``e ``j```Jh ```SGQ``d `` G ``b``dG GQ``````d
J N e GQdG VjQ Ife
Q h jed Of AfE jQSG Me
Meh ```ah MS Yeh ee aJ
LdG d WCG dC aJ ceCGh AGN
eCG Ad G jdG dG G
EG ``a```dG Yh dG jH ````fh ,`` `bhCG
dG G jdG H M jdG e
GQd fdG G FQ QGh Wd
FGdG gGh dG YdGh dG jYdG Y
VdG GQd fdG G H dG
g ```SQ`` ``` eBG dG ``a``Jh ``c```G VjH
``````Gh ``e````dG ``j```e ``` YCG `` ah ,``` V``j``dG
dj dG dG jYd GQGSG dPh ;dhdG

dG M ```dG U dGh HdG IQGRh ```J


IQGR`` ` dG `` Y G`` j`` H ``j``` ` G ``` X``G ``e (304) `` d`` ` `dG
e O`` Yh dG ```a``` ``````dGh ```H``dG ``j``j``eh
``dPh dG aG ```eCGh A``HBG d AYCG
I``jRh fdG ``` MCG ```H ```j``e IQ``` c``dG ```e ``j``Y``H
dGh HdG
`````dG `` g ``H ```M ``H `````N Q``` c``dG IO``` ` S ``Y``j
M ```dG U ``e I```T```dG YdG Y ````NG``dG ``a``fi
NGdG a jdG ICGG e jJ he TJ
.ihf dJ dL H dPh

Ie

hO````e
-`` aGhh ``WG``e- IQ``` ` dG G``` e )
````S```SCGh O``` e ````J ``e EG ````j
WGGh ,G M adG ..IQdG
(S G aGdGh ,S gG
jdG SEG
``N ``j``G G`` ` MCG ``Y ``j``G)
``` K G`` ` `H ``` ` ` jo ,`` ` ` ` ` SCG G`` `g
,dG dgh dG jL H Rj
jdGh RdG Gg e bCJ CG Yh
(dG
SdG T

e `````J ``` ` ` SD` e ``` g)


d ````d ,``j``` dG ``` V``G `` `ShQO
``` F``` dG Qh`` ` `d `` ` dh ,`` ` gOQG`` ` e
Jj fdG IQe jCG ..Y
(ffb dhDe Y
fdG fe
,```YCG ``LQ ``e ``MGh ````J``H)
Y ``jQ BG 5 dG
CG ``` ` ` fh ,2012 z`` H`` c `` `a{
``Y```Gh G O``Y Yj
(2014
dG Pe

IG e SCj

faiza@alroya.info

j ``b ````fGh .. dG Y j fG q E` a ``SC`j hCG


S G fG e c kjCG hCG AdG hCG dG hCG dG
EG U H dG hCG G f d fq Ea G``dh ..dG
e jfh fYe Y J dG fG f e f M
dPh dG QGdG PJq Gh G f Mh .dG f
Ahd kac fCG AYEGh dG Ua Y AYE f
WG ``` MCG d Y ``g ``eh ``d ``g ``e ``a```eh dG
dG a MEG j e eCGh..IGh dG J b dG
bdG M HjEG AT SQ Y dG jQJ e H j
..dM g e jCH dGMC fl Y f fk MCG .. MEH
OJh ..```H ``eCG q CG f `` fGT fh ..GPh ,G``g q f
(f G``g) :``jOO``e bGd d AT j
q h ..FSdG
hCG H QdG j CG Y fh ,jjCH Gh ...(M Gg) hCG
..GOdG ..GdG) NCG fQGb f CG b zadG{ f c
```fq CG Y d ``fk ```MCG f IO`````dG ``Y f f G``dh ;(```M``dG
d MdG q CG Y G bGh q EG...dG Y k Y VCG
UCGh KCJCG bh ,H fCG iNCG IQJ YC..M Cq G Y dG g
k jNBc
..je e a dG q CG j Ga .AedG j Mh
..S ``eCG Y d ...``fQG``bCG J Jf ``f``Lh ```Mh
dG QS AG``b ```dh .. .```e``jq C`H qf dM ``g Ga

2014 fj 12 aGG `g1435 T e 14 G

info@alroya.info

fdG jS Ija

...Gd ch fc W CG H Y
m H
m dG fCG dG
fH.. ```j``jC`H ```W```MEGh ````SC`j ``` ```Y f CG f
jh bQj CG j dG eCH ..d JH ..JOGQEH..
J H k fSGh..Gh Id Jf HjEH ..a
e EG ```U``dG Y IQ```dG jd W ``fq CG cdh ,A```T ``c b
. dEG f dG jdGh dG T Hh ,S fq Ea ..jf
ceh fdG fJ M fCG Y kHY jf GP JCG
jdG dhCG g ``eCG IUh b ```fq CGh ``H dGh ?egh
jdG dhCG hCG eGdG hG ICWh Sh fWhCG g j
fCG Y f ...H G gHGh VGeCH IG JbCG
dG ``H ? cG ``Hh ```V``dG ``H dG RG``f `` ?`````SG``fh
..`` eh A`````dG ```M ```Y `````a ? ``````fCG ``bG``dG `` Gh
..HQ PEH LCG OdG CGh H gYCGh
..MGd g
.. j c a fN eh eCG M IOYEG hf CG Y
..i`` ` ` ` `NCG I`` ` ` ` e O`` ` ` ` ` j `` ` ` d `` ` ` ` ` ` bGQhCG `` ` `` `` `J `` ` M `` ` `` `d`` a
..i`` ` ` `NCG GQhCG `` ` `` `J `` `` ` S `` `j`` `L `` `` ` HQ `` ` c `` ` e `` `` ` dh
..AdG Lh J dG GQhCG J EG a
..e GkAL QU a ..VQCG Y e S e dh

www.alroya.info

f MEGh..SCdGh ..dG e H e Gc
Gd J LCG Y eCG hCG jZ hCG d
m d
J ``e kdZ ;``` JOGQEG ``Y ``LQ``Nh i``NCG h```dh ```dh..```j``W
Y ``V```f CG ```j``jC`H d ```dGh ``fQG``bCG Y Va ``b
..edG Qh LCG g e JW b dGh fQGbCG fq C
q e dG .``eh AdG M Y z ```G{ OO``f S G``dh
JM a..dG jf ```fq CG ```dEG j dG ``g e
o G M S gRhj GPEGh ..jhGOdH
OGdGh
CG j G``dh ..bb f M .. ``g ```MEGh ``HB``dGh
LfEGh FY e M..gRhd iNCG Qfl Y f
VCG GP ..f AJCG e kFGO..dG g ..ejCG Mah
,S EG J bh jCGh YS dh FbO hCG f Y
YCG CG SG h ..NCGh Y e bdG Gg CG YCG fCGh
g q CG..GQOEG M cQOCG eh ?c e GHCG Lj dh iNCG Ie
H ..V AGS f g GfBG Y dG dG
CG Hh fY e a..H hCG SG..fS..
..a e JQGe hf
Hh dG ````dG d dG de ``N ``e
q EG j dG Y q CG Y G GH UG fhdEG bGG
WMEG hCG ce e dG g e Y M dG

dGh ad jDhdG SDe Y QJ


118 :jdG edG - 343 .U :SGG
Y S - e
24479889
:ca
24479888 :Jg
hdG jdG

You might also like