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a, b, c , x .
Ko a, b, c a 0 .
( ).
( )
x x
, . a 2 + b + c = 0 .

1. | 2 |
x 2 3x + 2 = 0 2. 2 2 3 2 + 2 = 0 .
ax 2 + bx + c = 0 , . ax 2 + bx + c ,
ax 2 + bx + c = 0 .
,
P2 ( x) = ax 2 + bx + c
ax 2 , bx,

c , , , .

b, c = 0 ,
.
1.
ax 2 + bx + x = 0 , x , a, b, c
a 0 , x , a, b, c .
2.
b 0 c 0 .
b = 0 c = 0 .
, :
ax 2 + bx = 0, ax 2 + x = 0 , ax 2 = 0

2.1
j .

1. ax 2 = 0, a 0 , x = 0 .
j x = 0 .
c
a

2
2. ax 2 + c = 0, c 0, a 0 , x = .

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a

c c

= i

a
a

, x = i

c
c
x = i
.
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a

j .
3. ax 2 + bx = 0, b 0

x( ax + b ) = 0

b
a

x = 0 ax + b = 0 , a 0, x = 0 x = ,
j .
1.
( x + 1) 2 = ( 2 x 1)( x 2) + 7 x
, x 2 + 1 = 0 .
(a =1, b =0, c =1) ,
x = i x = i . () , . x1 = i
x 2 = i .
c ,

c
>0,
a

:
x

c
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x =
a

c
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2. | 2 |
3( x 2)( x + 2) = x 2 + 6

 2,
, : a =1, b =0, c = 3,
( x 3 )( x + 3 ) = 0 , : x1 = 3 x 2 = 3 .

3
x 2 + 2 x = 0

: a =1, b = 2, c =0.
3). , . x1 = 0 x 2 = 2 .

2.2
1.
ax 2 + bx + c = 0
x =

b b 2 4ac
b + b 2 4ac
, x=
.
2a
2a

.
0,
4, 4a 2 x 2 + 4abx + 4ac = 0 .
b 2 4ac , 4a 2 x 2 + 4abx + b 2 = b 2 4ac ,
( 2ax + b ) 2 = b 2 4ac , 2ax + b = b 2 4ac

 2ax + b = b 2 4ac x1 / 2 =

b b 2 4ac
,
2a

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.

1. | 1 |
x 2 + 5 x + 6 = 0

2. | 1 |
4 x 2 + 12 x + 9 = 0

x1 = x 2 =

3
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2

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 3. | 1 |
x 2 + 2 x + 5 = 0

3. j
j D = b 2 4ac ,
j j .

 3.
ax 2 + bx + c = 0 D = b 2 4ac .

2.
x2+bx2+c=0 :
1. j D > 0,
2. j D = 0,
3. - j D < 0.

4.

x :
ax =b

 a b .
x0 :
a x0 = b

(,
...) :
A B = 0 A = 0 v B = 0
A B C = 0 A = 0 v B = 0 v C = 0

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= 0 . x = 0 .
x
, x = 0 , x = 0

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4.1
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X+2=5 X+5=8 X=3
.
X+2=5 X+5=8 .


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2 x = x + 5 1 :
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A=B+C, A, B C
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C :
A+(-C)=B+C+(-C) . A-C=B.

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2:

0, .
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2x
2
= 2 3 x = 3 2 , . 2 x = 6 .
3
3
, 2 x : 2 = 6 : 2 , .

X=3.

4.2
X , 1
2, x=b b .
3
1. ax = b

b
a 0 .
a

2. a = 0 , b 0 , . .

3. a = 0 b = 0 .
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1
1
0.
a
a
1
1
b
ax = b . x = .
a
a
a
b

, ax + b
a
b

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a
2) a = 0, b 0 0 x = b 0 x = 0 x,
0 x = b .
3) a = 0, b = 0 0 x = 0

1) a 0

4.3

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:

ax + b
=0,
P( x)

 X , b , P(x) ,
. ,
ax + b = 0 , x,
P ( x 0 ) 0 . , ax + b = 0

ax + b
= 0 . (
P( x)

P ( x 0 ) = 0 ),

ax + b
= 0 .
P( x)

5.
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x=b
b ,
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: | 3 |
x :
5 x +c 2 = cx + 25

:
5 x cx = 25 c 2

( 5 c ) x = ( 5 c )( 5 + c )
x = b, =5 c, =(5-c) (5+c)
A) 5-c=0 . c=5, 0 x = 0 ,
c=5:
0X=0
B) 5 c 0 . c 5 , 3
:
( 5 c )( 5 + c ) = 5 + c
x=
5c
5 c 0 .


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1) :

3( 2 3 x ) + 4(6 x 11) = 10 x

2) :
( x + 3) 2 ( x 4) 2 = 2 x 13

3) :
x +5
1 2x 3
= +
3x 6 2 2 x 4

:
x 2 0
x2

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1
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(17361813)
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(18021829) (18111832).

XII .


1) , , ,
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. | 1 |
2) . , , 2001.
. | 2 |
3) www.viser.edu.rs | 3 |


1. .................................................................................................................................1
2. ......................................................................................................2
2.1 .............................................................................2
2.2 .....................................................................................4
3. j .......................................................................6
4. .......................................................................................................7
4.1 ..........................................................................................8
4.2 ...........................................................9
4.3 ..................................................................10
:.................................................................................20
...........................................................................................................................23
........................................................................................................................24