,

,
.
,
.


.

: :
1


Machinae Novae 1595
.

() .

.
medium length spans 055 0055 .


identical pre-cast concrete sections .
.
8800 Sunshine Skyway




.

/8/ Sunshine Skyway

: :
2

 -8 : fan system ,
.
-0 : harp system ,

.
.
.
.
-3 :modified fan system
, .

: /0/
,
,

.
" " .

 ,: /3/
.8
.0
.3
.4

one central vertical plane

one off-centre vertical plane
two vertical planes, with twin-leg tower
two inclined planes, with A-shaped , A
tower.

8 0 .
3 4 ,
.
8 0 3. 4

:/3/
,
.
4

 , .
Ebro ,
.

: :
7 0 , 1200 Mpa
, 1600 Mpa 450 Mpa 600 Mpa
.
.
1300 Mpa 8005
Brooklyn 1500 Mpa , 8855 1500 Mpa . 8835
, 1600 Mpa 1900
. Mpa
. 4% ,
15% .
:
0.7% 1030 Mpa .
1520 Mpa
250 mm 3% .
,
.
,
, .

-8 Spiral Strands:
.

. . /4/ Large Spiral Strands

5

 , . /5/ ,
, ,
15-25% .
10-15% . ,
4 Erskine 04 , 4*6
. 76 mm

/4/ Spiral Strands

:/0/ Large Spiral Strands

-0 : ROPES

 ( ) , . /6/
.
. .
( )
,
-85
. %05

:/6/ Multi Strand Rope

-3 : Locked Coil Strands

.
.
( ) .
, 90%
70% .
.
. Stromsund
86 4 locked coil strand
66 00 .

Locked Coil Spiral Strands: /7/

.

-4 :Parallel-wire strands

.
. .

. .
, Parana
337 7mm
.
Yamatogawa 86 88
087 . 5mm

Parallel Wire Strand :/0/

-0 : Long-lay cables

. 4
. Annacis ,
. 130 mm Yokohama bay .

-6 : Parallel-wire cables
.

,
.
6.35mm PascoKennewick . Luling
.

 : :
.
.
.
,
.
.

. :

.
:

10


( ) :

. . :

: H .
: h .

:/8/

11

 C1 ( 1 )
f1 .
. 2 f2 2 , f1
.

:/85/
A1 A2 1 2 :

12

 ) (A2-A1 A1 1
.
2

(C2-C1)/C1 ) . (2-1
) Es (secant modulus 1 2
. :

:
Es

( , 1 . 2

Es , 2/1 . Es
) Et (tangent modulus 1 Et
Es . 1 Et
1 :
13

 , 1 Et
. 1 E

[1] Sukhen Chatterjee (2003) The Design of Modern Steel Bridges

Second Edition
[2] Metwally Abu-Hamd (2007) . Steel Bridges .Faculty of Engineering,
Cairo University.
[3] Troitsky M. S. (1977). Cable-stayed Bridges: Theory and Design.
Crosby Lockwood Staples.

14