Qua Trinh Qua Do 2013c MK

Qu trnh qu
C s l thuyt mch in
Nguyn Cng Phng
Qu trnh qu - sites.google.com/site/ncpdhbkhn
2
Ni dung
I. Thng s mch
II. Phn t mch
III. Mch mt chiu
IV. Mch xoay chiu
V. Mng hai ca
VI. Mch ba pha
VII.Qu trnh qu
3
Ni dung
1. Gii thiu
2. S kin
3. Phng php tch phn kinh in
4. Qu trnh qu trong mch RLC
5. Phng php ton t
6. Phng php hm qu v hm trng lng
7. Gii quyt mt s vn ca QTQ bng my tnh
4
Gii thiu (1)
Tt c cc mch in t trc n gi u trng
thi/ch xc lp
Ch xc lp: mi thng s trong mch in (dng
in, in p, cng sut, nng lng) u l hng s
(mch mt chiu) hoc bin thin chu k (mch xoay
chiu)
Qu (T in ting Vit): chuyn t ch ny sang
ch khc
Qu trnh qu (k thut in): qu trnh mch in
chuyn t ch xc lp ny sang ch xc lp khc
5
2
Gii thiu (2)
t
0
i (A)
Qu trnh qu
6
Gii thiu (3)
12
t
0
u (V)
Qu trnh qu
7
2
Gii thiu (4)
t
0
i (A)
t
w
L
(1)
= 0 w
L
(2)
0
t = 0 ?
(2) (1)
L L
w w dw w
p
dt t t
A
= ~ =
A A
Nu t 0
p (v l) t 0
(tn ti qu trnh qu )
8
2
Gii thiu (5)
t
0
i (A)
i 0 ?
di i
u L L
dt t
A
= ~
A
Nu t 0 & i 0
u (v l) i = 0
i
(dng in trong L phi lin tc)
9
12
Gii thiu (6)
t
0
u (V)
u
C
0 ?
C C
du u
i C C
dt t
A
= ~
A
Nu t 0 & u
C
0
i (v l) u
C
= 0
u
C
(in p trn C phi lin tc)
10
Gii thiu (7)
Qu trnh qu xy ra khi c thay i t ngt v cu
trc ca cc mch in qun tnh
Qun tnh: c cc phn t L hoc/v C
Mt s gi thit n gin ha:
Cc phn t l tng
ng tc ng m l tng
Thay K bng R
R ch nhn cc gi tr 0 (khi K ng) & (khi K m)
Thi gian ng m bng 0
Lut Kirchhoff lun ng
Gii thiu (8)
11
Cun cm
trong mch
mt chiu
T in
trong mch
mt chiu
u
L
(t)
t 0
Ngn mch Ngn mch Khng ngn mch
i
C
(t)
t 0
H mch H mch Khng h mch
Ch xc lp c Ch xc lp mi
Ch
qu
Ch xc lp c Ch xc lp mi
Ch
qu
12
t
0
x(t)
S kin 1
S kin 2
S kin 3
Qu trnh qu
13
Ni dung
1. Gii thiu
2. S kin
5. Phng php ton t
14
S kin (1)
Gi tr (& o hm cc cp) ngay sau thi im ng m
ca dng in trong cun cm & in p trn t in
i
L
(0), u
C
(0), i
L
(0), u
C
(0), i
L
(0), u
C
(0),
c dng tnh cc hng s tch phn ca nghim ca
qu trnh qu
Vic tnh s kin da vo:
Thng s mch ngay trc thi im ng m (ch c):
i
L
(0), u
C
(0)
Hai lut Kirchhoff
Hai lut ng m
Hai lut ng m tng qut
15
S kin (2)
0
t
f(0)
f(+0)
0 +0
16
S kin (3)
Hm bc nhy n v 1(t)
0 1
0 0
) ( 1
>
<
=
t
t
t
- 0 + 0
t
1
t
t
t
>
<
=
t
t
t
1
0
) ( 1
- 0 + 0
t
1
17
S kin (4)
Tnh kh vi ca hm 1(t)
0
t
0
[1( )]' ?
t
t
=
-
0
[1( )]' ( )
t
t t o
=
=
(hm Dirac)
19
S kin (6)
Lut/quy tc ng m 1: dng in trong mt cun cm
ngay sau khi ng m i
L
(+0) bng dng in trong cun
cm ngay trc khi ng m i
L
(0)
i
L
(+0) = i
L
(0)
Lut/quy tc ng m 2: in p trn mt t in ngay
sau khi ng m u
C
(+0) bng in p trn t in
ngay trc khi ng m u
C
(0)
u
C
(+0) = u
C
(0)
20
S kin (7)
VD1
Ti thi im t = 0 kho K ng li.
Tnh s kin i
L
(0) & i
L
(0) ca cun cm.
i
L
(0) = 0 A
i
L
(+0) = i
L
(0)
i
L
(0) = i
L
(+0) = 0 A
6i + 2i = 12 6i(0) + 2i(0) = 12
i(0) = i
L
(0) = 0 A
6.0 + 2i(0) = 12
i(0) = 12/2 = 6 A/s
21
S kin (8)
VD2
Ti thi im t = 0 kho K m ra.
Tnh s kin i
L
(0) & i
L
(0) ca cun cm.
i
L
(0) = 12/3 = 4 A
i
L
(+0) = i
L
(0)
i
L
(0) = i
L
(+0) = 4 A
6i + 2i = 12 6i(0) + 2i(0) = 12
i(0) = i
L
(0) = 4 A
6.4 + 2i(0) = 12
i(0) = (12 24)/2 = 6 A/s
22
S kin (9)
VD3
Ti thi im t = 0 kho K ng li.
Tnh s kin u
C
(0) & u
C
(0) ca t in.
u
C
(0) = 0 V
u
C
(+0) = u
C
(0)
u
C
(0) = u
C
(+0) = 0 V
6i + u
C
= 12
6.10
6
u
C
+ u
C
= 12
u
C
(0) = 0 V
6.10
6
u
C
(0) + 0 = 12
u
C
(0) = 12/6.10
6
= 2.10
6
V/s
i = 10
6
u
C
6.10
6
u
C
(0) + u
C
(0) = 12
23
S kin (10)
VD4
Ti thi im t = 0 kho K m ra.
Tnh s kin u
C
(0) & u
C
(0) ca t in.
u
C
(0) = 12 V
u
C
(+0) = u
C
(0)
u
C
(0) = u
C
(+0) = 12 V
6i
6
+ u
C
= 12
i
C
= 10
6
u
C
i
6
= i
3
+ i
C
i
3
= u
C
/3
i
6
= u
C
/3 + 10
6
u
C
6(u
C
/3 + 10
6
u
C
) + u
C
= 12
3u
C
+ 6.10
6
u
C
= 12
3u
C
(0) + 6.10
6
u
C
(0) = 12
u
C
(0) = 12 V
u
C
(0) = 4.10
6
V/s
24
S kin (11)
1
1 3
( 0)
L
E
i
R R
=
+
VD5
E
1
= 120 V; E
2
= 40 V; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ;
R
3
= 30 ; L = 1 H; C = 1 mF. Ti thi im t = 0
kho K chuyn t 1 sang 2. Tnh cc s kin i
L
(0),
u
C
(0), i
L
(0), u
C
(0).
120
3A
10 30
= =
+
1
( 0)
C R
u u =
1
( 0)
L
Ri = 10.3 30V = =
(0) ( 0) 3A
L L
i i = =
(0) ( 0) 30V
C C
u u = =
25
S kin (12)
1 2 3
'
1 1 1 2 2 2
2 2 3 3 1 2
0
C
C
i i i
Li Ri R i u E
u R i R i E E
=
+ + + =
+ =
VD5
'
2 C
i Cu =
'
1 3
' '
1 1 1 2 2
'
2 3 3 1 2
0
C
C C
C C
i Cu i
Li Ri R Cu u E
u R Cu R i E E
+ + + =
+ =
E
1
= 120 V; E
2
= 40 V; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ;
R
3
= 30 ; L = 1 H; C = 1 mF. Ti thi im t = 0
L
(0),
u
C
(0), i
L
(0), u
C
(0).
26
S kin (13)
VD5
'
1 3
' '
1 1 1 2 2
'
2 3 3 1 2
0
C
C C
C C
i Cu i
Li Ri R Cu u E
u R Cu R i E E
+ + + =
+ =
'
1 3
' '
1 1 1 2 2
'
2 3 3 1 2
(0) (0) (0) 0
(0) (0) (0) (0)
(0) (0) (0)
C
C C
C C
i Cu i
Li Ri R Cu u E
u R Cu R i E E
+ + + =
+ =
E
1
= 120 V; E
2
= 40 V; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ;
R
3
= 30 ; L = 1 H; C = 1 mF. Ti thi im t = 0
L
(0),
u
C
(0), i
L
(0), u
C
(0).
27
S kin (14)
VD5
1
(0) (0) 3A
L
i i = =
(0) 30V
C
u =
'
1 3
' '
1 1 1 2 2
'
2 3 3 1 2
(0) (0) (0) 0
(0) (0) (0) (0)
(0) (0) (0)
C
C C
C C
i Cu i
Li Ri R Cu u E
u R Cu R i E E
+ + + =
+ =
E
1
= 120 V; E
2
= 40 V; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ;
R
3
= 30 ; L = 1 H; C = 1 mF. Ti thi im t = 0
L
(0),
u
C
(0), i
L
(0), u
C
(0).
28
S kin (15)
VD5
3 '
3
' 3 '
1
3 '
3
3 10 (0) (0) 0
1. (0) 10.3 20.10 (0) 30 40
30 20.10 (0) 30 (0) 120 40
C
C
C
u i
i u
u i
+ + =
+ =
'
1
'
3
(0) 24A/s
(0) 800V/s
(0) 2, 2A
C
i
u
i
E
1
= 120 V; E
2
= 40 V; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ;
R
3
= 30 ; L = 1 H; C = 1 mF. Ti thi im t = 0
L
(0),
u
C
(0), i
L
(0), u
C
(0).
29
S kin (16)
VD5
'
1 3
' '
1 1 1 2 2
'
2 3 3 1 2
0
C
C C
C C
i Cu i
Li Ri R Cu u E
u R Cu R i E E
+ + + =
+ =
' ' ' '

1 3
' ' ' ' ' ' '
1 1 1 2 2
' ' ' '
2 3 3 1 2
0
0
( ) ' 0
C
C C
C C
i Cu i
Li Ri R Cu u E
u R Cu R i E E
+ + + = =
+ = =
Tnh i
L
(0) ?
' ' ' '
1 3
' ' ' ' ' '
1 1 1 2
' ' ' '
2 3 3
(0) (0) (0) 0
(0) (0) (0) (0) 0
(0) (0) (0) 0
C
C C
C C
i Cu i
Li Ri R Cu u
u R Cu R i
+ + + =
+ =
''
1
''
'
3
(0)
(0)
(0)
C
i
u
i
E
1
= 120 V; E
2
= 40 V; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ;
R
3
= 30 ; L = 1 H; C = 1 mF. Ti thi im t = 0
L
(0),
u
C
(0), i
L
(0), u
C
(0).
30
S kin (17)
1
1
( 0)
L
E
i
R
=
1 2
(0) (0)
L L
i i =
1
( 0)
C
u E =
2
( 0) 0
L
i =
2
( 0) 0
C
u =
1 2
(0) (0)
C C
u u =
2 2
(0) ( 0)
C C
u u =
1 1
(0) ( 0)
L L
i i =
2 2
(0) ( 0)
L L
i i =
(vi phm quy tc 1)
(vi phm quy tc 2)
31
S kin (18)
Lut/quy tc ng m tng qut 1: tng t thng trong mt vng
kn ngay sau khi ng m (+0) bng tng t thng trong vng
kn ngay trc khi ng m (0)
(+0) = (0)
Lut/quy tc ng m tng qut 2: tng in tch mt nh ngay
sau khi ng m q(+0) bng tng in tch nh ngay trc
khi ng m q(0)
q(+0) = q(0)
32
S kin (19)
VD6
E = 120 V; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; L
1
= 1 H; L
2
= 2 H.
Ti thi im t = 0 kho K m ra. Tnh s kin i
L2
(0).
33
S kin (20)
VD6
1
1
120
( 0) 12A
10
E
i
R
= = =
2
( 0) 0 i =
2
(0) 4A
L
i =
1 1 2 2
1 2
( 0) ( 0)
(0)
Li L i
i
L L
+
=
+
1.12 2.0
(0) 4A
1 2
i
+
= =
+
E = 120 V; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; L
1
= 1 H; L
2
= 2 H.
Ti thi im t = 0 kho K m ra. Tnh s kin i
L2
(0).
34
S kin (21)
VD7
2 2 2
( 0) ( 0)
C C
q C u =
1 1 2 2
( 0) ( 0) ( 0)
C C
q C u C u = +
1 2 2
( ) (0)
C
C C u = +
1 1 1
( 0) ( 0)
C C
q C u =
1 1 2 2 1 2 2
( 0) ( 0) ( ) (0)
C C C
C u C u C C u + = +
E = 120 V; R = 10 ; C
1
= 1 mF; C
2
= 2 mF. Ti thi
im t = 0 kho K ng vo. Tnh s kin u
C2
(0).
2 2 2
(0) (0)
C C
q C u =
1 1 2 2
(0) (0) (0)
C C
q C u C u = +
1 1 1
(0) (0)
C C
q C u =
q(+0) = q(0)
35
S kin (22)
VD7
3
2
3 3
10 .120 0
(0) 40V
10 2.10
C
u

+
= =
+
1 1 2 2 1 2 2
( 0) ( 0) ( ) (0)
C C C
C u C u C C u + = +
E = 120 V; R = 10 ; C
1
= 1 mF; C
2
= 2 mF. Ti thi
im t = 0 kho K ng vo. Tnh s kin u
C2
(0).
2
( 0) 0
C
u =
1
( 0) 120V
C
u E = =
1 1 2 2
2
1 2
( 0) ( 0)
(0)
C C
C
C u C u
u
C C
+
=
+
36
S kin (23)
Khi no dng 2 lut ng m & khi no dng 2 lut
ng m tng qut?
Nu dng in trong cun cm v/hoc in p trn t
in bin thin lin tc 2 lut ng m
Nu dng in trong cun cm v/hoc in p trn t
in bin thin t ngt 2 lut ng m tng qut
37
S kin (24)
tnh s kin bc 0 [i
L
(0) & u
C
(0)]:
1. Tnh thng s ch c: i
L
(0) & u
C
(0)
2. p dng 2 lut ng m hoc 2 lut ng m tng qut
tnh s kin bc 1 [i
L
(0) & u
C
(0)]
3. Lp (h) phng trnh () (theo KD & KA) m t mch in
sau khi ng m
4. Gii ()
tnh s kin bc 2 [i
L
(0) & u
C
(0)]
5. Ly o hm 2 v ca (), c ()
6. Gii ()

38
Ni dung
1. Gii thiu
2. S kin
5. Phng php ton t
39
Tch phn kinh in (1)
= +
Nghim ca qu
trnh qu :
x(t) = x
xl
(t) + x
td
(t)
Nghim xc lp:
x
xl
(t)
Nghim t do:
x
td
(t)
Nghim ca (h)
phng trnh vi phn
m t mch:
f(x, x, x, ) = e
- Vt l: do ngun duy tr
- Ton hc: l nghim ring ca
PTVP khng thun nht (c v
phi)
- Tun theo quy lut bin thin
ca ngun
- bit cch tnh (mt chiu,
iu ho, chu k)
- Cn gi l cng bc
- Vt l: khng do ngun
duy tr, v ngun dng
cho x
xl
- Ton hc: l nghim
ring ca PTVP thun
nht (khng c v phi)
- Ch ph thuc vo bn
cht ca mch, khng
ph thuc vo ngun
40
Tch phn kinh in (2)
' 0 Ri Li + =
pt
td
i Ae =
' Ri Li E + =
0
pt pt
RAe LApe + =
Phng trnh vi phn thun nht:
Nghim:
0 Lp R + =
( ) 0
pt
R Lp Ae + =
(phng trnh c trng)
R
t
L
td
i Ae
=
R
p
L
=
(nghim c trng)
(nghim t do)
41
Tch phn kinh in (3)
= +
R
t
L
td
i Ae
=
xl
E
i
R
=
R
t
L
E
Ae
R

= +
xl td
i i i = +
(0) (0) ( 0) 0
L L
i i i = = =
0
0
E
Ae
R
+ =
R
t
L
E E
i e
R R

=
E
A
R
=
42
Tch phn kinh in (4)
1. Tnh nghim xc lp (kha v tr mi)
2. Lp phng trnh c trng (kha v
tr mi)
3. Gii phng trnh c trng tm
nghim c trng
4. Vit dng tng qut ca nghim t do
5. Tnh s kin [kha v tr c: x(0); &
mi: x(0)]
6. T s kin tnh cc hng s tch phn
7. Tng hp kt qu
5. (0) 0 i =
1.
xl
E
i
R
=
2. 0 Lp R + =
4.
R
t
L
td
i Ae
=
3.
R
p
L
=
7.
R
t
L
E E
i e
R R

=
6.
E
A
R
=
43
Tch phn kinh in (5)
2. Lp phng trnh c trng (kha v tr mi)
3. Gii phng trnh c trng tm nghim c trng
5. Tnh s kin [kha v tr c: x(0); & mi: x(0)]
7. Tng hp kt qu
44
Tch phn kinh in (6)
' 0
td td
Ri Li + =
pt
td
i Ae =
0 Lp R + =
( ) 0
pt
R Lp Ae + =
(phng trnh c trng)
0 Ri pLi + = 0 R Lp + =
(phng trnh c trng)
45
Tch phn kinh in (7)
VD1
E = 12 V; R = 6 ; L = 2 mH. Ti thi im t = 0 kho K
ng li. Tnh dng in qu trong mch.
xl
E
i
R
=
12
2A
6
= =
0 Lpi Ri + = 0 Lp R + =
3
6
3000
2.10
= =
R
p
L
=
(0) (0) ( 0) 0
L L
i i i = = =
3000 pt t
td
i Ae Ae
= =
3000
2
t
Ae
= +
xl td
i i i = +
2 A = (0) 2 0 i A = + =
3000
2 2 A
t
i e
=
46
Tch phn kinh in (8)
1
0
td td
Ri i dt
C
+ =
}
pt
td
i Ae =
1
0
pt pt
RAe Ae
pC
+ =
1
0
pt pt
RAe Ae dt
C
+ =
}
(phng trnh c trng)
1
0 Ri i
pC
+ =
1
0 R
pC
+ =
(phng trnh c trng)
1
0
pt
R Ae
pC
| |
+ =
|
\ .
1
0 R
pC
+ =
47
Tch phn kinh in (9)
R
L
C
pL
R
1
pC
48
1 2 3
1 1 1 2 2 2
2 2 2 3 3
0
1
0
1
0
pt pt pt
pt pt pt pt
pt pt pt
Ae A e A e
LpAe R Ae R A e A e
pC
R A e A e R A e
pC
=
+ + =
+ =
Tch phn kinh in (10)
VD2
E
1
= 120 V; E
2
= 40 V; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; R
3
= 30 ;
L = 1 H; C = 1 mF. Ti thi im t = 0 kho K chuyn t 1
sang 2. Tm phng trnh c trng & nghim c trng.
1 1
pt
i Ae =
1 2 3
1 1 1 2 2 2
2 2 2 3 3
0
1
' 0
1
0
i i i
Li Ri R i i dt
C
R i i dt R i
C
=
+ + =
+ =
}
}
2 2
pt
i A e =
3 3
pt
i A e =
49
1 2 3
1 1 1 2 2 2
2 2 2 3 3
0
1
0
1
0
pt pt pt
pt pt pt pt
pt pt pt
Ae A e A e
LpAe R Ae R A e A e
pC
R A e A e R A e
pC
=
+ + =
+ =
VD2
E
1
= 120 V; E
2
= 40 V; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; R
3
= 30 ;
1
1 2 2
3
2 3
1 1 1
0
1
0 0
0
1
0
pt
pt
pt
Ae
Lp R R A e
pC
A e
R R
pC

(
(
(
(
+ =
(
(
(
(

+
50
1
2
3
0
pt
pt
pt
Ae
A e
A e
(
(
=
(
(

VD2
E
1
= 120 V; E
2
= 40 V; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; R
3
= 30 ;
1
1 2 2
3
2 3
1 1 1
0
1
0 0
0
1
0
pt
pt
pt
Ae
Lp R R A e
pC
A e
R R
pC

(
(
(
(
+ =
(
(
(
(

+
1 2
2 3
1 1 1
1
0 0
1
0
Lp R R
pC
R R
pC

+ =
+
51
2
2 3 2 3 1 2 1 3 1 3
( ) [( ) ] ( )
0
LC R R p R R R R R R C L p R R
Cp
+ + + + + + +
=
1 2
2 3
1 1 1
1
0 0
1
0
Lp R R
pC
R R
pC

+ =
+
2
2 3 2 3 1 2 1 3 1 3
( ) [( ) ] ( ) 0 LC R R p R R R R R R C L p R R + + + + + + + =
(phng trnh c trng)
VD2
E
1
= 120 V; E
2
= 40 V; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; R
3
= 30 ;
52
VD2
E
1
= 120 V; E
2
= 40 V; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; R
3
= 30 ;
Cch 2: 1 2 3
1 1 1 2 2 2
2 2 2 3 3
0
1
0
1
0
i i i
Lpi Ri R i i
pC
R i i R i
pC
=
+ + =
+ =
1
1 2 2
3
2 3
1 1 1
0
1
0 0
0
1
0
i
Lp R R i
pC
i
R R
pC

( (
( (
+ =
( (
( (

+
53
1
1 2 2
3
2 3
1 1 1
0
1
0 0
0
1
0
i
Lp R R i
pC
i
R R
pC

( (
( (
+ =
( (
( (

+
1
2
3
0
i
i
i
(
(
=
(
(

1 2
2 3
1 1 1
1
0 0
1
0
Lp R R
pC
R R
pC

+ =
+
Cch 2:
VD2
E
1
= 120 V; E
2
= 40 V; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; R
3
= 30 ;
54
Cch 3:
ab ab a
u Z i =
a
i
ab
Z
ab
u
0
ab
u =
0
a
i =
0
ab
Z =
3 2 1
1
[ //( )] R R pL R
pC
= + + +
(phng trnh c trng)
2
2 3 2 3 1 2 1 3 1 3
( ) [( ) ] ( ) 0 LC R R p R R R R R R C L p R R + + + + + + + =
VD2
E
1
= 120 V; E
2
= 40 V; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; R
3
= 30 ;
55
Mch in sau khi ng/m
Phng trnh c trng
nh thc = 0
H p/trnh i s
nh thc = 0
Mch in khng ngun
Trit tiu ngun
L pL
1
C
pC
Mch in i s ho H p/trnh vi tch phn

pt
x Ae =
H p/trnh i s
Tng tr vo ti
bng zero: Z
v
= 0
Ct i dy dn
mt ch bt k
?
56
2 1 3
1
( ) //( )
ab
Z pL R R R
pC
(
= + + +
(

VD3
E = 120 V; J = 12 A; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; R
3
= 30 ; L
= 1 H; C = 1 mF. Ti thi im t = 0 kho K chuyn t 1
2 1
3
2 1
1
( )( )
1
( ) ( )
pL R R
pC
R
pL R R
pC
+ +
= +
+ + +
3
3
1
( 20)(10 )
10
30
1
( 20) (10 )
10
p
p
p
p
+ +
= +
+ + +
2 4
2 3
40 2100 5.10
60 10
p p
p p
+ +
=
+ +
2 4
40 2100 5.10 0 p p + + =
1,2
26, 25 23, 68 p j =
57
| |
2 3 1
1
( ) //
ab
Z pL R R R
pC
= + + +
VD3
E = 120 V; J = 12 A; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; R
3
= 30 ; L
= 1 H; C = 1 mF. Ti thi im t = 0 kho K chuyn t 1
2 3
1
2 3
( ) 1
( )
pL R R
R
pL R R pC
+
= + +
+ +
3
( 20)30 1
10
20 30 10
p
p p
+
= + +
+ +
2 4
2
40 2100 5.10
50
p p
p p
+ +
=
+
2 4
40 2100 5.10 0 p p + + =
1,2
26, 25 23, 68 p j =
58
7. Tng hp kt qu
59
PTT c nghim thc p
1
, p
2
PTT c nghim phc p
1,2
= j
PTT c nghim kp p
1
= p
2
=
t p t p
td
e A e A t x
2 1
2 1
) ( + =
) sin( ) ( | e
o
+ =

t Ae t x
t
td
t
td
e t A A t x
o
) ( ) (
2 1
+ =
60
2 Cxl R
u u =
2
1 2
E
R
R R
=
+
120
20 80V
10 20
= =
+
VD4
E = 120 V; J = 10 A; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; L = 1 H; C = 1 mF.
Khi kho v tr 1, mch trng thi xc lp. Ti thi im t = 0
kho K chuyn t 1 sang 2. Tm in p qu trn t in.
1 2
1 2
( ) 1
v
R R pL
Z
R R pL pC
+
= +
+ +
3
10(20 ) 1
10 20 10
p
p p
+
= +
+ +
2
10 1200 30000
( 30)
p p
p p
+ +
=
+
2
10 1200 30000 0 p p + + =
1 2
84, 5; 35, 5 p p = =
84,5 35,5
1 2
( )
t t
Ctd
u t Ae A e

= +
cn 2 s kin: u
C
(0) & u
C
(0)
1. Tnh nghim xc lp
(kha v tr mi)
2. Lp phng trnh
c trng (kha v tr
mi)
3. Gii phng trnh
c trng tm
nghim c trng
4. Vit dng tng qut
ca nghim t do
5. Tnh s kin [kha
v tr c: x(0); & mi:
x(0)]
6. T s kin tnh cc
hng s tch phn
7. Tng hp kt qu
1. Tnh nghim xc lp
(kha v tr mi)
2. Lp phng trnh
c trng (kha v tr
mi)
3. Gii phng trnh
c trng tm
nghim c trng
4. Vit dng tng qut
ca nghim t do
5. Tnh s kin [kha
v tr c: x(0); & mi:
x(0)]
6. T s kin tnh cc
hng s tch phn
7. Tng hp kt qu
61
1
1 1 2
1 1
0
'
L C
L L
C
i i i
Ri R i Li E
Ri u E
=
+ + =
+ =
Cn 2 s kin: u
C
(0) & u
C
(0)
(0) ( 0) 10A;
L L
i i J = = =
2
(0) ( 0) 20.10 200V
C C
u u R J = = = =
1
1 1 2
1 1
' 0
'
L C
L L
C
i i Cu
Ri R i Li E
Ri u E
=
+ + =
+ =
1
1 1 2
1 1
(0) (0) '(0) 0
(0) (0) '(0)
(0) (0)
L C
L L
C
i i Cu
Ri R i Li E
Ri u E
=
+ + =
+ =
3
1
1
1
(0) 10 10 '(0) 0
10 (0) 20.10 '(0) 120
10 (0) 200 120
C
L
i u
i i
i
+ + =
+ =
'(0) 18000 V/s

C
u =
VD4
E = 120 V; J = 10 A; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; L = 1 H; C = 1 mF.
1. Tnh nghim xc lp
(kha v tr mi)
2. Lp phng trnh
c trng (kha v tr
mi)
3. Gii phng trnh
c trng tm
nghim c trng
4. Vit dng tng qut
ca nghim t do
5. Tnh s kin [kha
v tr c: x(0); & mi:
x(0)]
6. T s kin tnh cc
hng s tch phn
7. Tng hp kt qu
62
84,5 35,5
1 2
80
t t
C Cxl Ctd
u u u Ae A e

= + = + +
84,5 35,5
1 2
' [80 ]'
t t
C
u Ae A e

= + +
(0) 200V;
C
u =
1 2
(0) 80 200
C
u A A = + + =
84,5 35,5
1 2
84, 5 35, 5
t t
Ae A e

=
'(0) 18000 V/s
C
u =
84,5 35,5
1 2
( )
t t
Ctd
u t Ae A e

= + 80V;
Cxl
u =
1 2
'(0) 84, 5 35, 5 18000
C
u A A = =
1
2
280
160
A
A
=
84,5 35,5
80 280 160 V
t t
C
u e e

= +
VD4
E = 120 V; J = 10 A; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; L = 1 H; C = 1 mF.
63
VD4
84,5 35,5
80 280 160 V
t t
C
u e e

= +
(0) 200V
C
u =
84,5 35,5
1 2
( ) V
t t
Ctd
u t Ae A e

= + 80V
Cxl
u =
E = 120 V; J = 10 A; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; L = 1 H; C = 1 mF.
(0)
C
u
Ctd
u
Cxl
u
t
u
0
80V
200V
64
VD5
E = 120 V; J = 10sin10t A; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; L = 1 H; C = 1 mF.
Khi kho v tr 1, mch trng thi xc lp. Ti thi im t = 0 kho
K chuyn t 1 sang 2. Tm in p qu trn t in.
2 Cxl R
u u =
2
1 2
E
R
R R
=
+
120
20 80V
10 20
= =
+
1 2
1 2
( ) 1
v
R R pL
Z
R R pL pC
+
= +
+ +
3
10(20 ) 1
10 20 10
p
p p
+
= +
+ +
2
10 1200 30000
( 30)
p p
p p
+ +
=
+
2
10 1200 30000 0 p p + + =
1 2
84, 5; 35, 5 p p = =
84,5 35,5
1 2
( )
t t
Ctd
u t Ae A e

= + cn 2 s kin: u
C
(0) & u
C
(0)
1. Tnh nghim xc lp
(kha v tr mi)
2. Lp phng trnh
c trng (kha v tr
mi)
3. Gii phng trnh
c trng tm
nghim c trng
4. Vit dng tng qut
ca nghim t do
5. Tnh s kin [kha
v tr c: x(0); & mi:
x(0)]
6. T s kin tnh cc
hng s tch phn
7. Tng hp kt qu
65
VD5
E = 120 V; J = 10sin10t A; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; L = 1 H; C = 1 mF.
Cn 2 s kin: u
C
(0) & u
C
(0)
J
10 j
100 j
20
10
( 100)
2
L
j
I

=
o
0
7, 67
20 10 100 j j
=
+
o
12, 5 A
o
( ) 7, 67 2 sin(10 12, 5 ) A
L
i t t =
o
( 0) 7, 67 2 sin( 12, 5 ) 2, 35 A
L
i = =
(0) ( 0) 2, 35 A
L L
i i = =
(20 10) 172
C L
U j I = + =

o
14 A
o
( 0) 172 2 sin(14 ) 58, 67 V
C
u = =
(0) ( 0) 58, 67 V
C C
u u = =
1. Tnh nghim xc lp
(kha v tr mi)
2. Lp phng trnh
c trng (kha v tr
mi)
3. Gii phng trnh
c trng tm
nghim c trng
4. Vit dng tng qut
ca nghim t do
5. Tnh s kin [kha
v tr c: x(0); & mi:
x(0)]
6. T s kin tnh cc
hng s tch phn
7. Tng hp kt qu
66
VD5
E = 120 V; J = 10sin10t A; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; L = 1 H; C = 1 mF.
1
1 1 2
1 1
0
'
L C
L L
C
i i i
Ri R i Li E
Ri u E
=
+ + =
+ =
(0) 2, 35 A; (0) 58, 67 V

L C
i u = =
1
1 1 2
1 1
' 0
'
L C
L L
C
i i Cu
Ri R i Li E
Ri u E
=
+ + =
+ =
1
1 1 2
1 1
(0) (0) '(0) 0
(0) (0) '(0)
(0) (0)
L C
L L
C
i i Cu
Ri R i Li E
Ri u E
=
+ + =
+ =
3
1
1
1
(0) 2, 35 10 '(0) 0
10 (0) 20( 2, 35) '(0) 120
10 (0) 58, 67 120
C
L
i u
i i
i
+ =
+ + =
+ =
'(0) 8483 V/s

C
u =
1. Tnh nghim xc lp
(kha v tr mi)
2. Lp phng trnh
c trng (kha v tr
mi)
3. Gii phng trnh
c trng tm
nghim c trng
4. Vit dng tng qut
ca nghim t do
5. Tnh s kin [kha
v tr c: x(0); & mi:
x(0)]
6. T s kin tnh cc
hng s tch phn
7. Tng hp kt qu
67
84,5 35,5
1 2
80
t t
C Cxl Ctd
u u u Ae A e

= + = + +
84,5 35,5
1 2
' [80 ]'
t t
C
u Ae A e

= + +
(0) 58, 67V;
C
u =
1 2
(0) 80 58, 67
C
u A A = + + =
84,5 35,5
1 2
84, 5 35, 5
t t
Ae A e

=
'(0) 8483 V/s
C
u =
84,5 35,5
1 2
( )
t t
Ctd
u t Ae A e

= + 80V;
Cxl
u =
1 2
'(0) 84, 5 35, 5 8483
C
u A A = =
1
2
158
136
A
A
=
84,5 35,5
80 158 136 V
t t
C
u e e

= +
VD5
E = 120 V; J = 10sin10t A; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; L = 1 H; C = 1 mF.
1. Tnh nghim xc lp
(kha v tr mi)
2. Lp phng trnh
c trng (kha v tr
mi)
3. Gii phng trnh
c trng tm
nghim c trng
4. Vit dng tng qut
ca nghim t do
5. Tnh s kin [kha
v tr c: x(0); & mi:
x(0)]
6. T s kin tnh cc
hng s tch phn
7. Tng hp kt qu
68
84,5 35,5
80 158 136 V
t t
C
u e e

= +
VD5
E = 120 V; J = 10sin10t A; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; L = 1 H; C = 1 mF.
u
t
0
80V
59V
J
10 j
100 j
20
Ctd
u
Cxl
u
69
100(20 10) 120/ 2
60, 5
100(20 10)
100 20 10
10
100 20 10
Cxl
j j
U
j j
j j
j j
+
= =
+
+ +
+
+ +
o
4,1 V
o
60, 5 2 sin(10 4,1 ) V
Cxl
u t = +
VD6
1 2
1 2
( ) 1
v
R R pL
Z
R R pL pC
+
= +
+ +
3
10(20 ) 1
10 20 10
p
p p
+
= +
+ +
2
10 1200 30000
( 30)
p p
p p
+ +
=
+
2
10 1200 30000 0 p p + + =
1 2
84, 5; 35, 5 p p = =
84,5 35,5
1 2
( )
t t
Ctd
u t Ae A e

= + cn 2 s kin: u
C
(0) & u
C
(0)
E = 120sin10t V; J = 10 A; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; L = 1 H; C = 1 mF.
E
10 j
100 j
20
10
70
1
1 1 2
1 1
0
'
L C
L L
C
i i i
Ri R i Li E
Ri u E
=
+ + =
+ =
Cn 2 s kin: u
C
(0) & u
C
(0)
(0) ( 0) 10A
L L
i i J = = =
2
(0) ( 0) 20.10 200V
C C
u u R J = = = =
1
1 1 2
1 1
' 0
'
L C
L L
C
i i Cu
Ri R i Li E
Ri u E
=
+ + =
+ =
1
1 1 2
1 1
(0) (0) '(0) 0
(0) (0) '(0) (0)
(0) (0) (0)
L C
L L
C
i i Cu
Ri R i Li E
Ri u E
=
+ + =
+ =
3
1
1
1
(0) 10 10 '(0) 0
10 (0) 20.10 '(0) 120sin(0) 0
10 (0) 200 120sin(0) 0
C
L
i u
i i
i
+ + = =
+ = =
'(0) 30000 V/s

C
u =
VD6
E = 120sin10t V; J = 10 A; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; L = 1 H; C = 1 mF.
71
o 84,5 35,5
1 2
60, 5 2 sin(10 4,1 )
t t
C Cxl Ctd
u u u t Ae A e

= + = + + +
o 84,5 35,5
1 2
' [60, 5 2 sin(10 4,1 ) ]'
t t
C
u t Ae A e

= + + +
(0) 200V;
C
u =
o
1 2
(0) 60, 5 2 sin(4,1 ) 200
C
u A A = + + =
o 84,5 35,5
1 2
10.60, 5 2 cos(10 4,1 ) 84, 5 35, 5
t t
t Ae A e

= +
'(0) 30000 V/s
C
u =
84,5 35,5
1 2
( )
t t
Ctd
u t Ae A e

= +
o
60, 5 2 sin(10 4,1 ) V;
Cxl
u t = +
o
1 2
'(0) 10.60, 5 2 cos(4,1 ) 84, 5 35, 5 30000
C
u A A = =
1
2
489
295
A
A
=
o 84,5 35,5
60, 5 2 sin(10 4,1 ) 489 295 V
t t
C
u t e e

= + +
VD6
E = 120sin10t V; J = 10 A; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; L = 1 H; C = 1 mF.
72
o 84,5 35,5
60, 5 2 sin(10 4,1 ) 489 295 V
t t
C
u t e e

= + +
VD6
E = 120sin10t V; J = 10 A; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; L = 1 H; C = 1 mF.
u
t
0
200V
73
VD7
E = 120sin10t V; J = 10sin10t A; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; L = 1 H;
C = 1 mF. Khi kho v tr 1, mch trng thi xc lp. Ti thi im
t = 0 kho K chuyn t 1 sang 2. Tm in p qu trn t in.
74
VD8
E = 120e
25t
V; J = 10 A; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; L = 1 H; C = 1 mF.
?
Cxl
u =
75
7. Tng hp kt qu
76
Ni dung
1. Gii thiu
2. S kin
a) RL
b) RC
c) RLC
5. Phng php ton t
77
RL (1)
xl
E
i
R
=
0 Lp R + =
R
p
L
=
R
t
L
td
i Ae
=
(0) ( 0) 0
L L
i i = =
R
t
L
xl td
E
i i i Ae
R

= + = +
(0) (0) 0
L
E
i A i
R
= + = =
E
A
R
=
(1 )
R R
t t
L L
E E E
i e e
R R R

= =
'
L
u Li =
(1 ) (1 )
R R
t t
L L
R
E
u Ri R e E e
R

= = =
R
t
L
Ee
=
'
R
t
L
E E
L e
R R
(
=
(

78
RL (2)
(1 )
R
t
L
E
i e
R

=
(1 )
R
t
L
R
u E e
=
R
t
L
L
u Ee
=
0 t
i(t)
E
R
R
t
L
td
E
i e
R

=
E
R
0
t
u(t)
E
79
RL (3)
sin( )
m e
e E t e = +
2 2
;
( )
m
m
E
I
R L e
=
+
R
p
L
=
R
t
L
td
i Ae
=
(0) (0) ( 0) 0
L L
i i i = = =
sin( )
xl m i
i I t e = +
arctan
L
R
e
| |
=
|
\ .
;
i e
=
( )
sin( ) sin
R
t
L
m i m i
i I t I e e

= +
0 Lp R + =
sin 0
m i
I A + =
sin( )
R
t
L
xl td m i
i i i I t Ae e

= + = + +
sin
m i
A I =
80
RL (4)
sin( )
m e
e E t e = +
( )
sin( ) sin
R
t
L
m i m i
i I t I e e

= +
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
-1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
i
xl
i
td
i
81
RL (5)
( )
sin( ) sin
R
t
L
m i m i
i I t I e e

= +
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
-1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
i
xl
i
td
i
2
i
t
=
sin( )
m e
e E t e = +
82
RL (6)
2
i
t
=
1
R
L

( )
sin( ) sin
R
t
L
m i m i
i I t I e e

= +
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
-2
-1.5
-1
-0.5
0
0.5
1
i
xl
i
td
i
sin( )
m e
e E t e = +
83
RL (7)
0
i
=
( )
sin( ) sin
R
t
L
m i m i
i I t I e e

= +
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
-1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
i
xl
i
td
i
sin( )
m e
e E t e = +
84
RL (8)
85
Ni dung
1. Gii thiu
2. S kin
a) RL
b) RC
c) RLC
5. Phng php ton t
86
RC (1)
Cxl
u E =
1
0 R
Cp
+ =
1
p
RC
=
1
t
RC
Ctd
u Ae
=
(0) ( 0) 0
C C
u u = =
1
t
RC
C Cxl Ctd
u u u E Ae
= + = +
(0) 0
C
u E A = + = A E =
1 1
(1 )
t t
RC RC
C
u E Ee E e

= =
'
C
i Cu =
1
t
RC
E
e
R

=
1
( ) '
t
RC
C E Ee
=
0
t
u(t)
E
0
t
i(t)
E
R
87
RC (2)
2
2
;
1
m
m
E
I
R
C e
=
| |
+
|
\ .
sin( )
xl m e
i I t e = +
1
arctan
RC
e
| |
=
|
\ .
1
Cxl
U I
j C e
=
e
I
C

e
= / 2
e
t
sin( )
2
m
Cxl e
I
u t
C
t
e
e
= +
sin( )
m e
e E t e = +
88
RC (3)
2
2
;
1
m
m
E
U
C R
C
e
e
=
| |
+
|
\ .
1
p
RC
=
1
t
RC
Ctd
u Ae
=
(0) ( 0) 0
C C
u u = =
1
arctan
RC
e
| |
=
|
\ .
| |
1
sin( / 2) sin( / 2)
t
RC
C m e m e
u U t U e e t t

= +
1
0 R
Cp
+ =
sin( / 2) 0
m e
U A t + =
1
sin( / 2)
t
RC
C Cxl Ctd m e
u u u U t Ae e t

= + = + +
sin( / 2)
m e
A U t =
sin( )
2
Cxl m e
u U t
t
e = +
sin( )
m e
e E t e = +
89
RC (4)
| |
1
sin( / 2) sin( / 2)
t
RC
C m e m e
u U t U e e t t

= +
| |
1
'
sin( / 2) sin( / 2) '
C
t
RC
m e m e
i Cu
C U t U e e t t

=
(
= +
(

1
cos( / 2) sin( / 2)
t
m
RC
m e e
U
CU t e
R
e e t t

(
= + +
(

sin( )
m e
e E t e = +
90
RC (5)
| |
1
sin( / 2) sin( / 2)
t
RC
C m e m e
u U t U e e t t

= +
C
u
Ctd
u
Cxl
u
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
-1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
sin( )
m e
e E t e = +
91
RC (6)
| |
1
sin( / 2) sin( / 2)
t
RC
C m e m e
u U t U e e t t

= +
1
1
RC

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
-1
-0.5
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
C
u
Ctd
u
Cxl
u
sin( )
m e
e E t e = +
92
RC (7)
93
Ni dung
1. Gii thiu
2. S kin
a) RL
b) RC
c) RLC
5. Phng php ton t
94
RLC (1)
(0) ( 0) 0;
L L
i i = = (0) ( 0) 0
C C
u u = =
0;
xl
i =
Cxl
u E =
1
0 R Lp
Cp
+ + =
2
1 0 LCp RCp + + =
2
1,2
1
2 2
R R
p
L L LC
| |
=
|
\ .
'
C
Ri Li u E + + = (0) '(0) (0)
C
Ri Li u E + + =
'(0) 0
C
u =
(0) 0 i =
' (0) '(0)
C C
i Cu i Cu = =
'(0)
E
i
L
=
'(0) Li E =
95
RLC (2)
(0) ( 0) 0;
L L
i i = = (0) ( 0) 0
C C
u u = =
0;
xl
i =
Cxl
u E =
'(0) ;
E
i
L
= '(0) 0
C
u =
2
1,2
1
2 2
R R
p
L L LC
| |
=
|
\ .
2 / : R L C >
1 2
1 2
;
p t p t
td
i Ae A e = +
sin( );
t
td
i Ae t
o
e |
= +
1 2
( ) ;
t
td
i A A t e
o
= + 2 / : R L C =
2 / : R L C <
1 2
1 2
p t p t
Ctd
u Be B e = +
sin( )
t
Ctd
u Be t
o
e |
= +
1 2
( )
t
Ctd
u B B t e
o
= +
96
RLC (3)
(0) 0;
L
i = (0) 0
C
u = 0;
xl
i = 100V;
Cxl
u =
'(0) 1000A/s; i = '(0) 0
C
u =
1
2
5
5
A
A
=
250 50
1 2
0
t t
xl td
i i i Ae A e

= + = + +
250 50
5 5 A
t t
i e e

= +
E = 100 V; R = 30 ; L = 0,1 H; C = 0,8 mF.
VD1
1 2
250; 50; p p = =
1 2
(0) 0 i A A = + =
250 50
1 2
' 250 50
t t
i Ae A e

=
1 2
'(0) 250 50 1000 i A A = =
250 50
1 2
' 250 50
t t
C
u Be B e

=
250 50
1 2
100
t t
C Cxl Ctd
u u u Be B e

= + = + +
250 50
100 25 125 V
t t
C
u e e

= +
1 2
(0) 100 0
C
u B B = + + =
1 2
'(0) 250 50 0
C
u B B = =
1
2
25
125
B
B
=
97
RLC (4)
250 50
5 5 A
t t
i e e

= +
20 40 60 80 100 120 140
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
E = 100 V; R = 30 ; L = 0,1 H; C = 0,8 mF.
VD1
98
RLC (5)
250 50
100 25 125 V
t t
C
u e e

= +
20 40 60 80 100 120 140
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
E = 100 V; R = 30 ; L = 0,1 H; C = 0,8 mF.
VD1
99
RLC (6)
(0) 0;
L
i = (0) 0
C
u =
0;
xl
i =
100V;
Cxl
u =
'(0) 1000A/s; i = '(0) 0
C
u =
112
1 2
0 ( )
t
xl td
i i i A A t e
= + = + +
112
1000 A
t
i te
=
E = 100 V; R = 22,36 ; L = 0,1 H; C = 0,8 mF.
VD2
1 2
112; p p = =
1
(0) 0 i A = =
112 112 112
1 2 2
' 112 112
t t t
i Ae A e A te

= +
1 2
'(0) 112 1000 i A A = + =
112 112 112
1 2 2
' 112 112
t t t
C
u B e B e B te

= +
112
1 2
100 ( )
t
C Cxl Ctd
u u u B B t e
= + = + +
112
100 (100 11200 ) V
t
C
u t e
= +
1
(0) 100 0
C
u B = + =
1 2
'(0) 112 0
C
u B B = + =
2
1000 A =
100
RLC (7)
112
1000 A
t
i te
=
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
E = 100 V; R = 22,36 ; L = 0,1 H; C = 0,8 mF.
VD2
101
RLC (8)
112
100 (100 11200 ) V
t
C
u t e
= +
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
E = 100 V; R = 22,36 ; L = 0,1 H; C = 0,8 mF.
VD2
102
RLC (9)
(0) 0;
L
i =
(0) 0
C
u =
0;
xl
i = 100V;
Cxl
u =
'(0) 1000A/s; i = '(0) 0
C
u =
100
0 sin(50 )
t
i Ae t |
= + +
E = 100 V; R = 2 ; L = 0,1 H; C = 3,85 mF.
VD3
1,2
100 50 p j =
(0) sin 0 i A | = =
100 100
' 10 sin(50 ) 50 cos(50 )
t t
i Ae t Ae t | |

= + + +
'(0) 10 sin 50 cos 1000 i A A | | = + =
20
0
A
|
=
100
20 sin50 A
t
i e t
=
100
100 sin(50 )
t
C
u Be t
= + +
(0) 100 sin 0
C
u B = + =
100 100
' 10 sin(50 ) 50 cos(50 )
t t
C
u Be t Be t

= + + +
'(0) 10 sin 50 cos 0
C
u B B = + =
0
102
26, 6
B
100 0
100 102 sin(50 26, 6 ) V
t
C
u e t
= +
103
RLC (10)
100
20 sin50 A
t
i e t
=
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
-5
0
5
10
15
E = 100 V; R = 2 ; L = 0,1 H; C = 3,85 mF.
VD3
104
RLC (11)
100 o
100 102 sin(50 26, 6 ) V
t
C
u e t
= +
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
E = 100 V; R = 2 ; L = 0,1 H; C = 3,85 mF.
VD3
105
RLC (12)
sin( )
m e
e E t e = +
1
0 R Lp
Cp
+ + =
2
1 0 LCp RCp + + =
2
1,2
1
2 2
R R
p
L L LC
| |
=
|
\ .
2
2
;
1
m
m
E
I
R L
C
e
e
=
| |
+
|
\ .
sin( )
xl m e
i I t e = +
2
1
arctan
LC
RC
e
e
| |
=
|
\ .
1
Cxl
U I
j C e
=
e
I
C

e
= / 2
e
t
sin( )
2
m
Cxl e
I
u t
C
t
e
e
= +
106
RLC (13)
sin( )
m e
e E t e = +
'
C
i Cu = '(0) 0
C
u =
'
C
Ri Li u e + + =
(0) ( 0) 0; (0) ( 0) 0
L L C C
i i u u = = = =
(0) '(0) (0) (0)
C
Ri Li u e + + =
0 '(0) 0 sin
m e
Li E + + =
sin
'(0)
m e
E
i
L

=
(0) '(0) 0
C
i Cu = =
2 / : R L C >
1 2
1 2
;
p t p t
td
i Ae A e = +
sin( );
t
td td
i Ae t
o
e |
= +
1 2
( ) ;
t
td
i A A t e
o
= + 2 / : R L C =
2 / : R L C <
1 2
1 2
p t p t
Ctd
u Be B e = +
sin( )
t
Ctd td
u Be t
o
e |
= +
1 2
( )
t
Ctd
u B B t e
o
= +
107
RLC (14)
sin( )
m e
e E t e = +
2 / R L C >
20 40 60 80 100 120 140
-1
-0.5
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
td
i
i
xl
i
1 2
1 2
sin( )
p t p t
m e
i I t Ae A e e = + + +
108
RLC (15)
sin( )
m e
e E t e = +
2 / R L C <
50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
td
i
i
xl
i
sin( ) sin( )
t
m e td
i I t Ae t
o
e e |
= + + +
109
RLC (16)
sin( )
m e
e E t e = +
2 / ;
td
R L C e e < =
sin( ) sin( )
t
m e
i I t Ae t
o
e e |
= + + +
(Cng hng)
50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
-1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
110
Mch ch c 1 L & 1 C tnh s kin cp 0 & 1
Mch c m L v/hoc C tnh s kin n cp n 1
(vn 1)
Phng trnh c trng c n bc cn tm n hng s
tch phn gii h n phng trnh n n (vn 2)
Ngun c dng e = Ae
t
rt kh tm dng/p xc lp
(vn 3)
Phng php ton t:
Ch cn tnh i
L
(0) & u
C
(0)
Khng cn tnh hng s tch phn
C th p dng i vi ngun c dng phc tp
111
Ni dung
1. Gii thiu
2. S kin
5. Phng php ton t
112
Phng php ton t (1)
(H) phng trnh
trong min thi gian
(B) nghim trong
min thi gian
(H) phng trnh
trong min ton t
(B) nghim trong
min ton t
Bin i Laplace thun
Bin i Laplace ngc
kh
(c th) d hn
Mch in
113
Phng php ton t (2)
a) Bin i thun Laplace
b) Tnh cht c bn ca bin i thun Laplace
c) Tm nh Laplace t gc thi gian
d) Bin i ngc Laplace
e) Tnh cht c bn ca bin i ngc Laplace
f) Tm gc thi gian t nh Laplace
g) S ton t
h) Gii bi ton qu bng phng php ton t
114
Bin i thun Laplace (1)
) ( ) ( ) ( 1 p X t x t
| |
} }

= = =
t
t
0 0
) ( lim ) ( ) ( ) ( dt e t x dt e t x t x L p X
pt pt
Gc
nh
p = + j; p : ton t Laplace
115
Bin i thun Laplace (2)
y l bin i mt pha, ch t 0
X(p) hi t th x(t) mi c nh
X(p) hi t khi x(t)e
-pt
hi t
x(t)e
-pt
hi t khi x(t) Me
t
vi > 0 x(t) phi tng
chm hn mt hm m
VD hm c nh Laplace: const, sin, e
t
, t
n
VD hm khng c nh Laplace: exp(t
2
)
Phn ln cc hm trong thit b in u c nh Laplace
) ( ) ( ) ( 1 p X t x t
116
Tnh cht c bn ca bin i Laplace (1)
x(t) X(p) = L[x(t)]
Tuyn tnh:
c
1
x
1
(t)+c
2
x
2
(t) c
1
X
1
(p)+c
2
X
2
(p)
nh ca o hm ca gc:
x(t) pX(p) x(0)
x(t) p
2
X(p) px(0) x(0)
117
Tnh cht c bn ca bin i Laplace (2)
nh ca tch phn ca gc:
Tr (dch):
1(t )x(t ) X(p)e
p
Gii hn u:
T l (ng dng):
0
( ) ( 0)
( )
X p x
x t dt
p p
+
}
0
lim ( ) lim ( )
t p
x t pX p

1
( ) ( )
p
x at X
a a
118
Tm nh Laplace (1)
Dng bng
p
t
1
) ( 1
2
1
) ( 1
p
t t
1 ) ( t o
p
e t
t
t o

) (
a p
e t
at
+
1
) ( 1
2 2
sin ) ( 1
e
e
e
+
p
t t
2 2
cos ) ( 1
e
e
+
p
p
t t
...
119
Tm nh Laplace (2)
Dng tnh cht
t
e t
25
5

+
2
1
p
t
2
5
5
p
t
25
1
25
+
p
e
t
25
1 5
2
+
+
p p
120
Tm nh Laplace (3)
Dng nh ngha
t
e t t x
2 3
4 ) (

=
( )
}

=
0
2 3
4 ) ( dt e e t p X
pt t
| | B A dt t e
p p
e t
e d t
p
p X
t p
t p
t p
+ =
+
+
=
+
=
} }

+
0
2 ) 2 (
0
) 2 ( 3
0
) 2 ( 3
3
) 2 (
4
) 2 (
4
) 2 (
4
) (
D C tdt e
p
e t
p
de t
p
B
t p t p t p
+ =
+
=
+
=
} }

+
0
) 2 (
2
0
) 2 ( 2
2
0
) 2 ( 2
2
) 2 (
24
) 2 (
12
) 2 (
12
0 = A
0 = C F E dt e
p
te
p
tde
p
D
t p t p t p
+ =
+
=
+
=
} }

+
0
) 2 (
3
0
) 2 (
3
0
) 2 (
3
) 2 (
24
) 2 (
24
) 2 (
24
0 = E
4
0
) 2 (
4
) 2 (
24
) 2 (
24
+
=
+
=

+
p
e
p
F
t p
4
) 2 (
24
) (
+
=
p
p X
121
Tm nh Laplace (4)
C 3 cch:
Tra bng
Tnh cht
nh ngha
Thng kt hp cch 1 & cch 2
Tm nh Laplace (5)
122
Tm nh Laplace ca xung vung?
( ) [ ( )] [ ( )] F p L u t L u t a =
1
[ ( )] L u t
p
=
[ ( )]
p
e
L u t a
p
o
=
1 1
( )
ap ap
e e
F p
p p p

= =
t
( ) u t a
1
0
a
t
( ) u t
0
1
t 0
1
a
123
Phng php ton t
g) S ton t
124
Bin i ngc Laplace
Ch c gc nu tch phn ny hi t
Cn gi l tm gc ca nh
Cc cch tm gc thi gian t nh ton t:
Dng bng tnh sn
Dng khai trin phn thc hu t
Dng nh ngha
| |
}
+
= =
e o
e o
t
j
j
pt
dp e p X
j
t x p X L ) (
2
1
) ( ) (
1
125
Tnh cht c bn ca bin i ngc Laplace
Vi phn ca nh:
Tch phn ca nh:
Dch nh:
t
t x
dp p X
p
) (
) (
}
) ( ) ( t x e a p X
at
+
) ( ) ( t tx p X
dp
d

126
Tm gc thi gian t nh Laplace (1)
4 cch: bng tnh sn, tnh cht, khai trin phn thc hu
t, hoc nh ngha
Cch th ba thng gp nht, do nh thng c dng
phn thc hu t:
m > n X(p) l phn thc hu t chnh tc
m n X(p) khng chnh tc chia a thc
Ch khai trin khi X(p) chnh tc
0 1
1
1
0 1
1
1
...
...
) (
) (
) (
b p b p b p b
a p a p a p a
p D
p N
p X
m
m
m
m
n
n
n
n
+ + + +
+ + + +
= =

127
K
1
, K
2
, K
3
, K
4
?
Cch tnh cc h s K ph thuc vo dng nghim ca mu s
Mu s c th c 4 dng nghim:
Nghim thc phn bit
Nghim thc lp (kp)
Nghim phc phn bit
Nghim phc lp (kp)
2
) 4 )( 2 (
8
) (
+ +
+
=
p p p
p
p X
4 ) 4 ( 2
4
2
3 2 1
+
+
+
+
+
+ =
p
K
p
K
p
K
p
K
2 4 4
1 2 3 4
2
8
( 2)( 4)
t t t
p
K K e K te K e
p p p

+
+ + +
+ +
128
Nghim thc phn bit
) 8 )( 4 (
640 300 25
) (
2
+ +
+ +
=
p p p
p p
p X
8 4
3 2 1
+
+
+
+ =
p
K
p
K
p
K
2
3 2
1
25 300 640
( 4)( 8) 4 8
K p K p p p
K
p p p p
+ +
= + +
+ + + +
2
3 1 2
25 300 640
( 4)( 8) 4 8
K K K p p
p p
p p p p p p
| | | | + +
= + +
| |
+ + + +
\ . \ .
2
3 2
1
0 0
25 300 640
( 4)( 8) 4 8
p p
K p K p p p
K
p p p p
= =
| | | | + +
= + +
| |
+ + + +
\ . \ .
2
3 2
1
0 0 0
25 300 640
( 4)( 8) 4 8
p p p
K p K p p p
K
p p p p
= = =
+ +
= + +
+ + + +
129
Nghim thc phn bit
) 8 )( 4 (
640 300 25
) (
2
+ +
+ +
=
p p p
p p
p X
8 4
3 2 1
+
+
+
+ =
p
K
p
K
p
K
2
3 2
1
0 0 0
25 300 640
( 4)( 8) 4 8
p p p
K p K p p p
K
p p p p
= = =
+ +
= + +
+ + + +
1
640
0 0
4.8
K = + +
1
640
20
4.8
K = =
130
Nghim thc phn bit
) 8 )( 4 (
640 300 25
) (
2
+ +
+ +
=
p p p
p p
p X
8 4
3 2 1
+
+
+
+ =
p
K
p
K
p
K
2
3 1
2
( 4) ( 4) 25 300 640
( 8) 8
K p K p p p
K
p p p p
+ + + +
= + +
+ +
2
3 1 2
25 300 640
( 4) ( 4)
( 4)( 8) 4 8
K K K p p
p p
p p p p p p
| | | | + +
+ = + + +
| |
+ + + +
\ . \ .
2
3 1
2
4 4
( 4) ( 4) 25 300 640
( 8) 8
p p
K p K p p p
K
p p p p
= =
| | | | + + + +
= + +
| |
+ +
\ . \ .
2
3 1
2
4 4 4
( 4) ( 4) 25 300 640
( 8) 8
p p p
K p K p p p
K
p p p p
= = =
+ + + +
= + +
+ +
131
Nghim thc phn bit
) 8 )( 4 (
640 300 25
) (
2
+ +
+ +
=
p p p
p p
p X
8 4
3 2 1
+
+
+
+ =
p
K
p
K
p
K
2
3 1
2
4 4 4
( 4) ( 4) 25 300 640
( 8) 8
p p p
K p K p p p
K
p p p p
= = =
+ + + +
= + +
+ +
2
2
25( 4) 300( 4) 640
0 0
( 4)( 4 8)
K
+ +
= + +
+
2
2
25( 4) 300( 4) 640
10
( 4)( 4 8)
K
+ +
= =
+
132
Nghim thc phn bit
) 8 )( 4 (
640 300 25
) (
2
+ +
+ +
=
p p p
p p
p X
8 4
3 2 1
+
+
+
+ =
p
K
p
K
p
K
2
1 2
3
( 8) ( 8) 25 300 640
( 4) 4
K p K p p p
K
p p p p
+ + + +
= + +
+ +
2
3 1 2
25 300 640
( 8) ( 8)
( 4)( 8) 4 8
K K K p p
p p
p p p p p p
| | | | + +
+ = + + +
| |
+ + + +
\ . \ .
2
1 2
3
8 8
( 8) ( 8) 25 300 640
( 4) 4
p p
K p K p p p
K
p p p p
= =
| | | | + + + +
= + +
| |
+ +
\ . \ .
2
1 2
3
8 8 8
( 8) ( 8) 25 300 640
( 4) 4
p p p
K p K p p p
K
p p p p
= = =
+ + + +
= + +
+ +
133
Nghim thc phn bit
) 8 )( 4 (
640 300 25
) (
2
+ +
+ +
=
p p p
p p
p X
8 4
3 2 1
+
+
+
+ =
p
K
p
K
p
K
2
1 2
3
8 8 8
( 8) ( 8) 25 300 640
( 4) 4
p p p
K p K p p p
K
p p p p
= = =
+ + + +
= + +
+ +
2
3
25( 8) 300( 8) 640
0 0
( 8)( 8 4)
K
+ +
= + +
+
2
3
25( 8) 300( 8) 640
5
( 8)( 8 4)
K
+ +
= =
+
134
Nghim thc phn bit
) 8 )( 4 (
640 300 25
) (
2
+ +
+ +
=
p p p
p p
p X
8 4
3 2 1
+
+
+
+ =
p
K
p
K
p
K
2
1
0
25 300 640 640
20
( 4)( 8) 4.8
p
p p
K p
p p p
=
(
| |
+ +
= = =
( |
+ +
\ .

2 2
2
4
25 300 640 25( 4) 300( 4) 640
( 4) 10
( 4)( 8) ( 4)( 4 8)
p
p p
K p
p p p
=
(
| |
+ + + +
= + = =
( |
+ + +
\ .

2 2
3
8
25 300 640 25( 8) 300( 8) 640
( 8) 5
( 4)( 8) ( 8)( 8 4)
p
p p
K p
p p p
=
(
| |
+ + + +
= + = =
( |
+ + +
\ .

8
5
4
10 20
+
+
+ =
p p p
135
10( 1)
( )
( 2)( 3)( 4)
p
X p
p p p
+
=
+ + +
VD
Tm gc thi gian ca
1 2 3
( )
2 3 4
K K K
X p
p p p
= + +
+ + +
1
10( 1)
( 2)
p
K
p
+
=
+
2
5
( 3)( 4)
p
p p
=
=
+ +
2
10( 1)
( 2) ( 3)
p
K
p p
+
=
+ +
3
20
( 4)
p
p
=
=
+
3
10( 1)
( 2)( 3) ( 4)
p
K
p p p
+
=
+ + +
4
15
p=
=
2 3 4
( ) 5 20 15
t t t
x t e e e

= +
136
Nghim thc phn bit
Nghim thc lp
Nghim phc phn bit
Nghim phc lp
137
Nghim thc lp
2
2
) 3 (
27 34 10
) (
+
+ +
=
p p
p p
p X
3 ) 3 (
3
2
2 1
+
+
+
+ =
p
K
p
K
p
K
2
1
2
0
10 34 27
3
( 3)
p
p p
K p
p p
=
(
| |
+ +
= =
( |
+
\ .

( )
2
2
1
2 3
3
3
3
10 34 27
( 3) ( 3)
p
p
p
K p p
p K K p
p p
=
=
=
| | + +
= + + + +
|
\ .
2
2 2
3 1 2
2 2
3 3
10 34 27
( 3) ( 3)
( 3) ( 3) 3
p p
K K K p p
p p
p p p p p
= =
( (
| | | | + +
+ = + + +
( ( | |
+ + +
\ . \ .

2
2
10( 3) 34( 3) 27
0 0
3
K
+ +
= + +
5
3
27 ) 3 ( 34 ) 3 ( 10
2
2
=
+ +
= K
138
Nghim thc lp
2
2
) 3 (
27 34 10
) (
+
+ +
=
p p
p p
p X
3 ) 3 (
3
2
2 1
+
+
+
+ =
p
K
p
K
p
K
2
2 2
3 1 2
2 2
3 3
10 34 27
( 3) ( 3)
( 3) ( 3) 3
p p
K K K d p p d
p p
dp p p dp p p p
= =

( (
| | | | + +

+ = + + +
` ` ( ( | |
+ + +
\ . \ .
) )
( ) ( )
2
2
1
2 3
3 3
3 3
10 34 27
( 3) ( 3)
p p
p p
K d p p d d d
p K K p
dp p dp p dp dp
= =
= =
( (
| | | | ( ( + +
= + + + +
( ( | | ( (
\ . \ .

2 2
1 3
2 2
3 3
(20 34) (10 34 27) ( 3) ( 3)
0
p p
p p p p p p p
K K
p p
= =
+ + + + +
= + +
2
3
2
3[20( 3) 34] [10( 3) 34( 3) 27]
0 0
( 3)
K
+ + +
= + +
3
7 K =
139
Nghim thc lp
2
2
) 3 (
27 34 10
) (
+
+ +
=
p p
p p
p X
3
7
) 3 (
5 3
2
+
+
+
=
p p p 3 ) 3 (
3
2
2 1
+
+
+
+ =
p
K
p
K
p
K
2
1
2
0
10 34 27
3
( 3)
p
p p
K p
p p
=
(
| |
+ +
= =
( |
+
\ .

2
2
2
2
3
10 34 27
( 3) 5
( 3)
p
p p
K p
p p
=
(
| |
+ +
= + =
( |
+
\ .

2
2
3
2
3
10 34 27
( 3) 7
( 3)
p
d p p
K p
dp p p
=

(
| |
+ +

= + =
` ( |
+
\ .

)
140
2
2
20 8
( )
( 1)( 2)
p
X p
p p p
+
=
+ +
VD
Tm gc thi gian ca
1 2 3 4
2
1 ( 2) 2
K K K K
p p p p
= + + +
+ + +
2
1
20 8 p
K
p
+
=
2
0
2
( 1)( 2)
p
p p
=
=
+ +
2
2
20 8
( 1)
p
K
p p
+
=
+
2
1
28
( 2)
p
p
=
=
+
2
3
2
20 8
( 1) ( 2)
p
K
p p p
+
=
+ +
2
44
p=
=
2 2
( ) 2 28 44 26
t t t
x t e te e

= + +
2
4
2
20 8
( 1) ( 2)
d p
K
dp
p p p
+
=
+ +
2
2
2
2
( 1)(40 ) (20 8)(2 1)
26
[ ( 1)]
p
p
p p p p p
p p
=
=

(
+ + +
= = (
` `
+
) (

)
141
Nghim thc phn bit
Nghim thc lp
Nghim phc phn bit
Nghim phc lp
142
Nghim phc phn bit
) 25 6 )( 2 (
76 4
) (
2
2
+ + +
+
=
p p p
p p
p X
8 6 8 6 8
2 3 4 3 4
j j
p p j p j
+
= + +
+ + + +
4 3 4 3 2
3 2 1
j p
K
j p
K
p
K
+ +
+
+
+
+
=
2
1
2
2
4 76
( 2) 8
( 2)( 6 25)
p
p p
K p
p p p
=
(
| | +
= + =
( |
+ + +
\ .

2
2
2
3 4
4 76
( 3 4) 6 8
( 2)( 6 25)
p j
p p
K p j j
p p p
= +
(
| | +
= + =
(
|
+ + +
( \ .

2
3
2
3 4
4 76
( 3 4) 6 8
( 2)( 6 25)
p j
p p
K p j j
p p p
=
(
| | +
= + + = +
( |
+ + +
\ .

o o
2 53,13 (3 4) 53,13 (3 4)
( ) 8 10 10
t j j t j j t
x t e e e e e
+
= + +
10
8
2 p
= +
+
o
53,13 10
3 4 p j
+
+
o
53,13
3 4 p j + +
143
Nghim phc phn bit
o o
2
2 53,13 (3 4) 53,13 (3 4)
2
4 76
8 10 10
( 2)( 6 25)
t j j t j j t
p p
e e e e e
p p p
+
+
+ +
+ + +
o o
3 (4 53,13 ) (4 53,13 )
10 ( )
t j t j t
e e e

= +
o o
53,13 (3 4) 53,13 (3 4)
10 10
j j t j j t
e e e e
+
+
o
(4 53,13 ) o o
cos(4 53,13 ) sin(4 53,13 )
j t
e t j t
= +
o
(4 53,13 ) o o
cos( 4 53,13 ) sin( 4 53,13 )
j t
e t j t

= + + +
o o
(4 53,13 ) (4 53,13 ) o
2cos(4 53,13 )
j t j t
e e t

+ =
o o
53,13 (3 4) 53,13 (3 4) 3 o
10 10 20 cos(4 53,13 )
j j t j j t t
e e e e e t
+
+ =
2 2
2 3 o
2
4 76 4 76
8 20 cos(4 53,13 )
( 2)( 6 25) ( 2)( 3 4)( 3 4)
t t
p p p p
e e t
p p p p p j p j

+ +
= +
+ + + + + + +
144
Nghim phc phn bit
) 25 6 )( 2 (
76 4
) (
2
2
+ + +
+
=
p p p
p p
p X
2 3 o
( ) 8 20 cos(4 53,13 )
t t
x t e e t

= +
2
2
1
2
2
4 76
( 2) 8
( 2)( 6 25)
p
p p
K p
p p p
=
(
| |
+
= + =
( |
+ + +
\ .

2
2
2
3 4
4 76
( 3 4) 6 8 10
( 2)( 6 25)
p j
p p
K p j j
p p p
= +
(
| | +
= + = =
(
|
+ + +
( \ .

o
53,13
4 3 4 3 2
3 2 1
j p
K
j p
K
p
K
+ +
+
+
+
+
=
145
2
10
( )
( 3)( 8 25)
X p
p p p
=
+ + +
VD
Tm gc thi gian ca
1 2 3
( )
3 4 3 4 3
K K K
X p
p p j p j
= + +
+ + + +
1
10
( 3)
K
p
=
+
3
1
( 4 3)( 4 3)
p
p j p j
=
=
+ + +
2
10
( 3) ( 4 3)
K
p p j
=
+ +
4 3
0, 50 0,17 0, 53
( 4 3)
p j
j
p j
= +
= + =
+ +
o
161, 6
3 4 o
( ) 1, 06 cos(3 161, 6 )
t t
x t e e t

= + +
146
Nghim thc phn bit
Nghim thc lp
Nghim phc phn bit
Nghim phc lp
147
Nghim phc lp
2
2 2
20 120 1140
( )
( 6 25)
p p
X p
p p
+ +
=
+ +
4 3
5
) 4 3 (
10
4 3
5
) 4 3 (
10
2 2
j p
j
j p j p
j
j p + +
+
+ +
+
+
+
+
=
4 3 ) 4 3 ( 4 3 ) 4 3 (
*
2
2
*
1 2
2
1
j p
K
j p
K
j p
K
j p
K
+ +
+
+ +
+
+
+
+
=
2 2
2
) 4 3 ( ) 4 3 (
1140 120 20
j p j p
p p
+ + +
+ +
=
2
2
1
2 2
3 4
20 120 1140
( 3 4) 10
( 6 25)
p j
p p
K p j
p p
= +
(
| |
+ +
= + =
( |
+ +
\ .

2
2
2
2 2
3 4
20 120 1140
( 3 4)
( 6 25)
p j
d p p
K p j
dp p p
= +

(
| |
+ +

= +
` ( |
+ +
\ .

)
2
2 3
3 4
40 120 20 120 1140
2 5
( 3 4) ( 3 4)
p j
p p p
j
p j p j
= +
| |
+ + +
= =
|
+ + + +
\ .
148
Nghim phc lp
2
2
) 25 6 (
1140 120 20
) (
+ +
+ +
=
p p
p p
p X
4 3
5
) 4 3 (
10
4 3
5
) 4 3 (
10
2 2
j p
j
j p j p
j
j p + +
+
+ +
+
+
+
+
=
5 5 j =
o
90
2 2
5
10 10
( 3 4) ( 3 4) p j p j
| |

= + +
|
+ + +
\ .
o
90 5
3 4 p j
+
+
o
90
3 4 p j
| |
|
|
+ +
\ .
3 3 o
( ) 20 cos4 10 cos(4 90 )
t t
x t te t e t

= +
149
a p
K
+
at
Ke
2
) ( a p
K
+
at
Kte
K K
p j
u
o |
+
+ p j
u
o |
+ +
2 cos( )
t
Ke t
o
| u
+
K
2
( )
K
p j
u
o |
+
+
2
( ) p j
u
o |
+ +
2 cos( )
t
tKe t
o
| u
+
150
Phng php ton t (3)
(H) phng trnh
trong min thi gian
(B) nghim trong
min thi gian
(H) phng trnh
trong min ton t
(B) nghim trong
min ton t
Bin i Laplace thun
Bin i Laplace ngc
kh
(c th) d hn
Mch in
151
Phng php ton t (4)
10
100 V
t
e e
=
| |
( ) ( 0)
' ( ) ( ) ( 0) ( )
C
C L
I p u
Ri Li u e RI p LpI p Li E p
Cp p
(
+ + = + + + =
(

| |
' ( ) ( 0)
L
Li L pI p i
'( ) ( ) ( 0) x t pX p x
( ) ( ) cx t cX p
'
C
Ri Li u e + + =
( ) Ri RI p
R = 30 ; L = 0,1 H; C = 0,8 mF. Ti thi im
t = 0 kho K ng. Tnh dng in qu .
VD1
) 0 ( ) ( )] 0 ( ) ( [ ) ( = = =
C C
Cu p CpU u p pU C p I
dt
du
C i
p
u
p I
Cp
p U
C
) 0 (
) (
1
) (

+ =
152
Phng php ton t (5)
10
100 V
t
e e
=
( 0) ( )
' ( ) ( ) ( 0) ( )
C
C L
u I p
Ri Li u e RI p LpI p Li E p
Cp p
+ + = + + + =
10
100
100
10
t
e
p
+
( 0) 0
L
i =
( 0) 0
C
u =
4
( ) 100
30 ( ) 0,1 ( )
8.10 10
I p
I p pI p
p p
+ + =
+
R = 30 ; L = 0,1 H; C = 0,8 mF. Ti thi im
VD1
153
Phng php ton t (6)
10
100 V
t
e e
=
'
C
Ri Li u e + + =
1250000
( )
( 10)( 50)( 250)
p
I p
p p p
=
+ + +
3 1 2
10 50 250
K K K
p p p
= + +
+ + +
4
( ) 100
30 ( ) 0,1 ( )
8.10 10
I p
I p pI p
p p
+ + =
+
R = 30 ; L = 0,1 H; C = 0,8 mF. Ti thi im
VD1
154
Phng php ton t (7)
10
100 V
t
e e
=
1250000
( )
( 10)( 50)( 250)
p
I p
p p p
=
+ + +
3 1 2
10 50 250
K K K
p p p
= + +
+ + +
1
1250000
( 10)
p
K
p
=
+
4
10
125.10 ( 10)
1302
( 10 50)( 10 250) ( 50)( 250)
p
p p
=
= =
+ + + +
2
1250000
( 10) ( 50)
p
K
p p
=
+ +
50
1250000( 50)
7813
( 50 10)( 50 250) ( 250)
p
p
=
= =
+ + +
3
1250000
( 10)( 50) ( 250)
p
K
p p p
=
+ + +
250
1250000( 250)
6510
( 250 10)( 250 50)
p=
= =
+ +
10 50 250
( ) 1302 7813 6510 A
t t t
i t e e e

= +
R = 30 ; L = 0,1 H; C = 0,8 mF. Ti thi im
VD1
155
Phng php ton t (8)
(H) phng trnh
trong min thi gian
(B) nghim trong
min thi gian
(H) phng trnh
trong min ton t
(B) nghim trong
min ton t
Bin i Laplace thun
Bin i Laplace ngc
kh
(c th) d hn
Mch in
Mch in
ton t ho
Ton t ho
156
Phng php ton t
g) S ton t
157
S ton t (1)
u = Ri U(p) = RI(p)
u
i
U(p)
I(p)
158
S ton t (2)
( ) [ ( ) ( 0)] ( ) ( 0)
L L
di
u L U p L pI p i pLI p Li
dt
= = =
u
i i
L
(0)
U(p)
L
pL
I(p)
Li
L
(0)
159
S ton t (3)
( ) [ ( ) ( 0)] ( ) ( 0)
C C
du
i C I p C pU p u CpU p Cu
dt
= = =
p
u
p I
Cp
p U
C
) 0 (
) (
1
) (

+ =
u i
C
u
C
(0)
1
Cp
( 0)
C
u
p
U(p) I(p)
u i
C
u
C
(0)
1
Cp
( 0)
C
u
p
U(p) I(p)
160
S ton t (4)
u
i
U(p)
I(p)
u
i
i
L
(0)
U(p)
L
pL
I(p)
Li
L
(0)
du
i C
dt
=
di
u L
dt
=
u Ri =
( ) ( ) U p RI p =
( ) ( ) Z p I p =
( ) Z p R =
( ) Z p Lp =
( ) ( ) ( 0)
L
Z p I p Li =
( ) ( ) ( 0)
L
U p LpI p Li =
1
( ) Z p
Cp
=
( 0)
( ) ( )
C
u
Z p I p
p
= +
( ) ( 0)
( )
C
I p u
U p
Cp p
= +
S ton t (5)
161
( 0) 0 i =
12V
12
V
p
10O 10O
0,1H
( 0) 0 i =
0,1p
( 0) Li
VD1
S ton t (6)
162
VD2
( 0) 4A i =
12
p
6
2p
8
( 0) 0 u =
( 0) 12V u =
S ton t (7)
163
VD3
E
1
= 120 V; E
2
= 40 V; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ;
R
3
= 30 ; L = 1 H; C = 1 mF. Ti thi im t = 0
kho K chuyn t 1 sang 2. V s ton t.
S ton t (8)
164
1
( ) E p
2
( ) E p
1
( ) I p
2
( ) I p
1
( ) Z p
2
( ) Z p
3
( ) Z p
4
( ) Z p
3
( ) I p
4
( ) I p
( ) J p
a
b
c
n
KD
= s_nh 1 = 3 1 = 2 vit 2 p/tr theo KD
n
KA
= s_nhnh s_nh + 1 = 4 3 + 1 = 2
vit 2 p/tr theo KA
1 2 3
: ( ) ( ) ( ) 0 a I p I p I p + =
3 4
: ( ) ( ) ( ) 0 b I p I p J p + =
1 1 2 2 1 2
: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) A Z p I p Z p I p E p E p =
2 2 3 3 4 4 2
: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) B Z p I p Z p I p Z p I p E p + + =
A
B
S ton t (9)
165
1
( ) E p
2
( ) E p
1
( ) I p
2
( ) I p
1
( ) Z p
2
( ) Z p
3
( ) Z p
4
( ) Z p
3
( ) I p
4
( ) I p
( ) J p
a
b
c
1 2
1 2 3 3 1 2
3 3 4
1 1 1 1 ( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
1 1 1
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
a b
a b
E p E p
p p
Z p Z p Z p Z p Z p Z p
p p J p
Z p Z p Z p

| |
+ + = +
|
\ .
| |
+ + =
|
\ .
0
c
=
S ton t (10)
166
1
( ) E p
2
( ) E p
1
( ) I p
2
( ) I p
1
( ) Z p
2
( ) Z p
3
( ) Z p
4
( ) Z p
3
( ) I p
4
( ) I p
( ) J p
a
b
c
1 2 1 2
2 3 4 2
( )[ ( ) ] ( )[ ( ) ( )] ( ) ( )
( )[ ( ) ( )] ( )[ ( ) ] ( )[ ( ) ( )] ( )
A A B
B A B B
Z p I p Z p I p I p E p E p
Z p I p I p Z p I p Z p I p J p E p
+ =
+ + + =
167
Phng php ton t
g) S ton t
168
1. Tnh i
L
(0) & u
C
(0) khi kha v tr
c
2. Ton t ho s mch in khi
kha v tr mi
3. Gii mch in ton t ho (bng
mt trong s cc phng php gii
mch in) tm thng s X(p)
4. Tm gc thi gian x(t) t nh X(p)
Gii bi ton qu bng phng php ton t (1)
( 0) 0 i =
12
10 ( ) 0,1 ( ) I p pI p
p
+ =
12/
( )
10 0,1
p
I p
p
=
+
100
( ) 1, 2(1 ) A
t
i t e
=
169
VD1
E = 120 V; J = 10 A; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; L = 1 H; C = 1 mF.
kho K chuyn t 1 sang 2. Tm dng in qu ca cun dy.
( 0) 10A;
L
i J = =
2
( 0) 20.10 200V
C
u R J = = =
1. Tnh i
L
(0) & u
C
(0) khi
kha v tr c
2. Ton t ho s mch
in khi kha v tr
mi
3. Gii mch in ton
t ho (bng mt trong
s cc phng php gii
mch in) tm thng
s X(p)
4. Tm gc thi gian x(t) t
nh X(p)
0
b
=
120 200
10
1000
10 20
( )
1 1 1
1000
10 20
a
p p
p
p
p
p
p
+
+
=
+ +
+
2
2
200 6000 240000
V
( 120 3000)
p p
p p p
+ +
=
+ +
20
120
p
10
1000
p
p
200
p
10
( ) I p
1. Tnh i
L
(0) & u
C
(0) khi
kha v tr c
2. Ton t ho s mch
in khi kha v tr
mi
3. Gii mch in ton
t ho (bng mt trong
s cc phng php gii
mch in) tm thng
s X(p)
nh X(p)
170
VD1
E = 120 V; J = 10 A; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; L = 1 H; C = 1 mF.
2
2
200 6000 240000
( ) V
( 120 3000)
a
p p
p
p p p
+ +
=
+ +
10 ( )
( )
20
a
p
I p
p
+
=
+
20
120
p
10
1000
p
p
200
p
10
( ) I p
2
2
10 1200 12000
A
( 120 3000)
p p
p p p
+ +
=
+ +
2
10 1200 12000
A
( 84, 5)( 35, 5)
p p
p p p
+ +
=
+ +
1. Tnh i
L
(0) & u
C
(0) khi
kha v tr c
2. Ton t ho s mch
in khi kha v tr
mi
3. Gii mch in ton
t ho (bng mt trong
s cc phng php gii
mch in) tm thng
s X(p)
nh X(p)
171
VD1
E = 120 V; J = 10 A; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; L = 1 H; C = 1 mF.
2
10 1200 12000
( )
( 84, 5)( 35, 5)
p p
I p
p p p
+ +
=
+ +
1 2 3
84, 5 35, 5
K K K
p p p
= + +
+ +
2
1
0
10 1200 12000
4
( 84, 5)( 35, 5)
p
p p
K
p p
=
+ +
= =
+ +
2
2
84,5
10 1200 12000
4, 35
( 35, 5)
p
p p
K
p p
=
+ +
= =
+
2
3
35,5
10 1200 12000
10, 35
( 84, 5)
p
p p
K
p p
=
+ +
= =
+
84,5 35,5
( ) 4 4, 35 10, 35 A
t t
i t e e

= +
172
( 0) 10A
L
i =
84,5 35,5
1 2
( ) A
t t
Ltd
i t Ae A e

= + 4A
Lxl
i =
VD1
E = 120 V; J = 10 A; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; L = 1 H; C = 1 mF.
84,5 35,5
( ) 4 4, 35 10, 35 A
t t
i t e e

= +
Lxl
i
( 0)
L
i
( )
Ltd
i t
t
i
0
4A
10A
173
E = 120 V; J = 10sin10t A; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; L = 1 H; C = 1 mF.
K chuyn t 1 sang 2. Tm dng in qu ca cun dy.
J
10 j
100 j
20
10
( 100)
2
L
j
I

=
o
0
20 10 100
7, 67
j j +
=
o
12, 5 A
o
( ) 7, 67 2 sin(10 12, 5 ) A
L
i t t =
o
( 0) 7, 67 2 sin( 12, 5 ) 2, 35 A
L
i = =
(20 10) 172
C L
U j I = + =

o
14 A
o
( 0) 172 2 sin(14 ) 58, 67 V
C
u = =
VD2
1. Tnh i
L
(0) & u
C
(0) khi
kha v tr c
2. Ton t ho s mch
in khi kha v tr
mi
3. Gii mch in ton
t ho (bng mt trong
s cc phng php gii
mch in) tm thng
s X(p)
nh X(p)
20
120
p
10
1000
p
p
58, 67
p
2, 35
( )
L
I p
( )
R
I p
( )
C
I p
174
VD2
( 0) 2, 35 A; ( 0) 58, 67 V
L C
i u = =
( ) ( ) ( ) 0
120
10 ( ) ( 20) ( ) 2, 35
1000 58, 67
( 20) ( ) ( ) 2, 35
R L C
R L
L C
I p I p I p
I p p I p
p
p I p I p
p p
+ =
+ + = +
+ + = +
2
2
2, 36 176 12000
( ) A
( 120 3000)
L
p p
I p
p p p
+
=
+ +
E = 120 V; J = 10sin10t A; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; L = 1 H; C = 1 mF.
1. Tnh i
L
(0) & u
C
(0) khi
kha v tr c
2. Ton t ho s mch
in khi kha v tr
mi
3. Gii mch in ton
t ho (bng mt trong
s cc phng php gii
mch in) tm thng
s X(p)
nh X(p)
175
VD2
2
2
2, 36 176 12000
( )
( 120 3000)
p p
I p
p p p
+
=
+ +
1 2 3
84, 5 35, 5
K K K
p p p
= + +
+ +
2
1
0
2, 36 176 12000
4
( 84, 5)( 35, 5)
p
p p
K
p p
=
+
= =
+ +
2
2
84,5
2, 36 176 12000
2, 42
( 35, 5)
p
p p
K
p p
=
+
= =
+
2
3
35,5
2, 36 176 12000
8, 78
( 84, 5)
p
p p
K
p p
=
+
= =
+
84,5 35,5
( ) 4 2, 42 8, 78 A
t t
i t e e

= +
E = 120 V; J = 10sin10t A; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; L = 1 H; C = 1 mF.
1. Tnh i
L
(0) & u
C
(0) khi
kha v tr c
2. Ton t ho s mch
in khi kha v tr
mi
3. Gii mch in ton
t ho (bng mt trong
s cc phng php gii
mch in) tm thng
s X(p)
nh X(p)
176
VD2
84,5 35,5
( ) 4 2, 42 8, 78 A
t t
i t e e

= +
E = 120 V; J = 10sin10t A; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; L = 1 H; C = 1 mF.
i
t
0
4A
2,35A
J
10 j
100 j
20
177
VD3
E = 120sin10t V; J = 10 A; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; L = 1 H; C = 1 mF.
( 0) 10A;
L
i J = =
2
( 0) 20.10 200V
C
u R J = = =
20
2
1200
100 p +
10
1000
p
p
200
p
10
( )
L
I p
( )
R
I p
( )
C
I p
2
1200
(10 20 ) ( ) ( 20) ( ) 10
100
1000 200
( 20) ( ) 20 ( ) 10
d x
d x
p I p p I p
p
p I p p I p
p p
+ + + = +
| |
+ + + + = +
|
\ .
3 2
2 2
3 2
2 2
180 4480 15600 340000
( ) 2
( 100)( 120 3000)
2( 20)( 15 160 1500)
( )
( 100)( 120 3000)
d
x
p p p
I p
p p p
p p p p
I p
p p p
+ + +
=
+ + +

+ + + +
+ + +
3 2
2 2
7, 08 1080 708 11980
( ) ( ) ( ) A
( 100)( 120 3000)
L d x
p p p
I p I p I p
p p p
+ +
= =
+ + +
178
VD3
3 2
2 2
7, 08 1080 708 11980
( ) A
( 100)( 120 3000)
L
p p p
I p
p p p
+ +
=
+ + +
1 2 3 4
84, 5 35, 5 10 10
K K K K
p p p j p j
= + + +
+ + +
3 2
1
2
84,5
7, 08 1080 708 11980
33, 91
( 35, 5)( 100)
p
p p p
K
p p
=
+ +
= =
+ +
3 2
2
2
35,5
7, 08 1080 708 11980
25, 37
( 84, 5)( 100)
p
p p p
K
p p
=
+ +
= =
+ +
3 2
3
10
7, 08 1080 708 11980
0, 73 1, 77 1, 91
( 84, 5)( 35, 5)( 10)
p j
p p p
K j
p p p j
=
+ +
= = + =
+ + +
o
67, 5
84,5 35,5 o
( ) 33, 91 25, 37 3,82cos(10 67, 5 ) A
t t
L
i t e e t

= + +
E = 120sin10t V; J = 10 A; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; L = 1 H; C = 1 mF.
179
VD3
84,5 35,5 o
( ) 33, 91 25, 37 3,82cos(10 67, 5 ) A
t t
L
i t e e t

= + +
E = 120sin10t V; J = 10 A; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; L = 1 H; C = 1 mF.
i
t
0
10A
180
E = 120e
25t
V; J = 10 A; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; L = 1 H; C = 1 mF.
VD4
( 0) 10A;
L
i J = =
2
( 0) 20.10 200V
C
u R J = = =
20
120
25 p +
10
1000
p
p
200
p
10
( ) I p
20
p
10
( ) I p
( )
td
Z p
( )
td
E p
1000
10
1000
( )
1000
100
10
td
p
Z p
p
p
= = O
+
+
120 200
25
1000
10
200 17000
( ) V
1 1
( 25)( 100)
1000
10
td
p p
p
p
E p
p p
p
+
+
+
= =
+ +
+
181
VD4
1000 200 17000
( ) ; ( ) V
100 ( 25)( 100)
td td
p
Z p E p
p p p
+
= O =
+ + +
20
p
10
( ) I p
( )
td
Z p
( )
td
E p
2
200 17000
10
10 1450 42000 ( 25)( 100)
( ) A
1000
( 25)( 84, 5)( 35, 5)
20
100
p
p p p p
I p
p p p
p
p
+
+
+ + + +
= =
+ + +
+ +
+
E = 120e
25t
V; J = 10 A; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; L = 1 H; C = 1 mF.
1 2 3
25 84, 5 35, 5
K K K
p p p
= + +
+ + +
2
1
25
10 1450 42000
19, 21;
( 84, 5)( 35, 5)
p
p p
K
p p
=
+ +
= =
+ +
2
2
84,5
10 1450 42000
3,13;
( 25)( 35, 5)
p
p p
K
p p
=
+ +
= =
+ +
2
3
35,5
10 1450 42000
6, 08;
( 25)( 84, 5)
p
p p
K
p p
=
+ +
= =
+ +
25 84,5 35,5
( ) 6, 08 19, 21 3,13 A
t t t
i t e e e

= +
182
VD4
25 84,5 35,5
( ) 6, 08 19, 21 3,13 A
t t t
i t e e e

= +
E = 120e
25t
V; J = 10 A; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; L = 1 H; C = 1 mF.
t
i
0
0A
10A
183
E = 120sin10t V; J = 10sin10t A; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; L = 1 H;
t = 0 kho K chuyn t 1 sang 2. Tm dng in qu ca cun dy.
VD5
J
10 j
100 j
20
10
( 100)
2
L
j
I

=
o
0
7, 67
20 10 100 j j
=
+
o
12, 5 A
o
( ) 7, 67 2 sin(10 12, 5 ) A
L
i t t =
o
( 0) 7, 67 2 sin( 12, 5 ) 2, 35 A
L
i = =
(20 10) 172
C L
U j I = + =

o
14 A
o
( 0) 172 2 sin(14 ) 58, 67 V
C
u = =
184
E = 120sin10t V; J = 10sin10t A; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; L = 1 H;
VD5
20
2
1200
100 p +
10
1000
p
p
58, 67
p
2, 35
( )
L
I p
( )
R
I p
( )
C
I p
( 0) 2, 35 A; ( 0) 58, 67 V
L C
i u = =
0
b
=
2
1200 58, 67
2, 35
100
1000
10 20
( )
1 1 1
1000
10 20
a
p p
p
p
p
p
p
+
+
+
=
+ +
+
3 2
2 2
58, 67 3524 125888 2753000
V
( 100)( 120 3000)
p p p
p p p
+ + +
=
+ + +
4 3 2
2
2, 35 ( ) 2, 35 223 3761 97688 2048000
( ) A
20 ( 20)( 84, 5)( 35, 5)( 100)
a
p p p p p
I p
p p p p p
+ + +
= =
+ + + + +
185
E = 120sin10t V; J = 10sin10t A; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; L = 1 H;
VD5
4 3 2
2
2, 35 223 3761 97688 204800
( ) A
( 20)( 84, 5)( 35, 5)( 100)
p p p p
I p
p p p p
+ +
=
+ + + +
1 2 3 4 5
20 84, 5 35, 5 10 10
K K K K K
p p p p j p j
= + + + +
+ + + +
4 3 2
1
2
20
2, 35 223 3761 97688 2048000
0, 0043
( 84, 5)( 35, 5)( 100)
p
p p p p
K
p p p
=
+ +
= =
+ + +
4 3 2
2
2
84,5
2, 35 223 3761 97688 2048000
0,80
( 20)( 35, 5)( 100)
p
p p p p
K
p p p
=
+ +
= =
+ + +
4 3 2
3
2
35,5
2, 35 223 3761 97688 2048000
0, 082
( 20)( 84, 5)( 100)
p
p p p p
K
p p p
=
+ +
= =
+ + +
186
E = 120sin10t V; J = 10sin10t A; R
1
= 10 ; R
2
= 20 ; L = 1 H;
VD5
4 3 2
2
2, 35 223 3761 97688 204800
( ) A
( 20)( 84, 5)( 35, 5)( 100)
p p p p
I p
p p p p
+ +
=
+ + + +
4 5
0, 0043 0,80 0, 082
20 84, 5 35, 5 10 10
K K
p p p p j p j
= + + + +
+ + + +
4 3 2
4
10
2, 35 223 3761 97688 2048000
1, 91
( 20)( 84, 5)( 35, 5)( 10)
p j
p p p p
K
p p p p j
=
+ +
= =
+ + + +
o
67, 5
20 84,5 35,5 o
( ) 0, 0043 0,80 0, 082 3,82cos(10 67, 5 ) A
t t t
L
i t e e e t

= + + + +
187
188
1. Tnh i
L
(0) & u
C
(0) khi
kha v tr c
2. Ton t ho s mch
in khi kha v tr
mi
3. Gii mch in ton
t ho (bng mt trong
s cc phng php gii
mch in) tm thng
s X(p)
nh X(p)
1. Tnh nghim xc lp
(kha v tr mi)
2. Lp phng trnh
c trng (kha v tr
mi)
3. Gii phng trnh
c trng tm
nghim c trng
4. Vit dng tng qut
ca nghim t do
5. Tnh s kin [kha
v tr c: x(0); & mi:
x(0)]
6. T s kin tnh cc
hng s tch phn
7. Tng hp kt qu
189
Ni dung
1. Gii thiu
2. S kin
5. Phng php ton t
190
Phng php hm qu & hm trng lng
Da trn cc hm qu h(t) & hm trng lng g(t)
h(t):
Heaviside
p ng ca mt on mch khi ng vo mt ngun 1(t)
V d: ng mch RL vo ngun 1 V, i = (1 e
R/L
)/R = h(t)
g(t):
Green
p ng ca mt on mch khi ng vo mt ngun (t)
( )
( )
dh t
g t
dt
=
191
Gii QTQ bng hm qu h(t) (1)
Dng khi ngun kch thch c dng phc tp
tng:
Chia ngun kch thch thnh cc hm n v 1(t)
Tnh p ng h(t) ca tng 1(t),
Tng hp cc p ng nghim ca QTQ
0 t
u
0 t
u
0 t
i
t
i
+
192
Gii QTQ bng hm qu h(t) (2)
( ) i u h t
t
t A = A
t t
t
A = A ) ( ' u u
) ( . ) ( ' t t t A = A t h u i
0 t
u
0 t
i
u
arctg[u()]
i
t t t t t t d t h u t h d u di ) ( ) ( ' ) ( . ) ( ' = =
} }

= =
t t
d t h u di i
0 0
) ( ) ( ' t t t
) ( ) ( 1 t h i t =
) ( ) ( 1 t t = t h i t
(Dhuhamel)
193
Gii QTQ bng hm trng lng g(t) (1)
Khi dng h(t), chng ta chia kch thch u(t) theo chiu
ngang
Nu chia u(t) theo chiu dc, ta s dng n hm trng
lng g(t)
Cng p dng khi ngun kch thch c dng phc tp
tng:
Chia ngun kch thch thnh cc xung Dirac (t)
Tm p ng g(t) ca tng (t)
Tng hp cc p ng nghim ca QTQ
194
Gii QTQ bng hm trng lng g(t) (2)
) ( ) ( t g i t = o
) ( ) ( t t o = t g i t
di d t g u i t d u = = t t t t o t t ) ( ) ( ) ( . ) (
0 t
u
0 t
u
0 t
i
0 t
i
} }

= =
t t
d t g u di i
0 0
) ( ) ( t t t
) ( ' ) ( t h t g =
195
Gii QTQ bng h(t) & g(t) (1)
Cng biu din mt dng in nn chng phi bng nhau
Kh tnh tch phn
C th i bin s:
Vit gn dng tch xp:
}
=
t
d t h u i
0
) ( ) ( ' t t t
}
=
t
d t g u i
0
) ( ) ( t t t
}
=
t
d h t u i
0
) ( ) ( ' t t t
}
=
t
d g t u i
0
) ( ) ( t t t
h u i * =
196
0
t
u
10 V
4 ms
2 ms
}
=
t
d t h u i
0
) ( ) ( ' t t t
197
) 004 , 0 ( 1 ) ( 1 t t
10 5000 + t
0
t
u
10 V
4 ms
2 ms
0
t
u
10 V
4 ms
2 ms
V t t t t u ) 10 5000 )]( 004 , 0 ( 1 ) ( 1 [ ) ( + =
0
t
u
10 V
4 ms
2 ms
0
t
u
10 V
4 ms
2 ms
1(t)
1(t 0,004)
198
0 = + pL r
t
td
Ae i
o
=
o =
=
L
r
p
r
U
i
xl
=
0 ) 0 ( ) 0 ( = = i i
t
td xl
Ae
r
U
i i i
o
+ = + =
r
U
A A
r
U
Ae
r
U
i = = + = + =

0 ) 0 (
0 o
) 1 ( ) (
t
e
r
U
t i
o
=
r
e
t h
t o
=
1
) (
199
r
e
t h
t o
=
1
) (
( ) [1( ) 1( 0, 004)]( 5000 10) V u t t t t = +
0
t
u
10 V
4 ms
2 ms
L
r
= o
}
=
t
d t h u i
0
) ( ) ( ' t t t
)' 10 5000 )]( 004 , 0 ( 1 ) ( 1 [ ) 10 5000 ( )]' 004 , 0 ( 1 ) ( 1 [ ) ( ' + + + = t t t t t t t u
) 5000 )]( 004 , 0 ( 1 ) ( 1 [ ) 10 5000 )]( 004 , 0 ( ) ( [ + + = t t t t t o o
) ( 10 ) ( ) 10 5000 ( t t t o o = +
) 004 , 0 ( 10 ) 004 , 0 ( ) 10 5000 ( = + t t t o o
'( ) 10[ ( ) ( 0, 004)] 5000[1( ) 1( 0, 004)] V/s u t t t t t o o = +
'( ) 10[ ( ) ( 0, 004)] 5000[1( ) 1( 0, 004)] V/s u t o t o t t t = +
200
t o o
t o
d
r
e
t t t t i
t
t
}
+ =
0
) (
1
)] 004 , 0 ( 1 ) ( 1 [ 5000 )] 004 , 0 ( ) ( [ 10
| | +
|
|
.
|
\
|
+
|
|
.
|
\
|
=
} } }

t t t
d
r
d
r
d
r
0 0 0
) 004 , 0 ( 1 ) ( 1
5000
) 004 , 0 (
10
) (
10
t t t t t o t t o
+
|
|
.
|
\
|

} }

t
t
t
t
d e
r
d e
r
0
) (
0
) (
) 004 , 0 (
5000
) (
5000
t t o t t o
t o t o
r
e
r
e
t h
t t ) (
1 1
) (
t o o
=
}
=
t
d t h u i
0
) ( ) ( ' t t t
)] 004 , 0 ( 1 ) ( 1 [ 5000 )] 004 , 0 ( ) ( [ 10 ) ( ' + = t t t o t o t u
D C B A + = | |
|
|
.
|
\
|

}

t
t
d e
r
0
) (
) 004 , 0 ( 1 ) ( 1
5000
t t t
t o
201
| |
}
=
t
d
r
B
0
) 004 , 0 ( 1 ) ( 1
5000
t t t
} }

=
t t
d
r
d
r
A
0 0
) 004 , 0 (
10
) (
10
t t o t t o
| | ) 004 , 0 ( 1 ) ( 1
10
) 004 , 0 ( 1
10
) ( 1
10
= = t t
r
t
r
t
r
20 004 , 0
5000 5000 5000 5000 5000
004 , 0 0
= + = =
r
t
r
t
r r r
t t
t t
202
) 004 , 0 (
5000 5000

=
t t
e
r
e
r
C
o o
t
t
t
t
e t
r
e
r
0
) (
0
) (
) 004 , 0 ( 1
5000 5000
t o t o
o o

=
} }

=
t
t
t
t
d e
r
d e
r
C
0
) (
0
) (
) 004 , 0 (
5000
) (
5000
t t o t t o
t o t o
| |
}

=
t
t
d e
r
D
0
) (
) 004 , 0 ( 1 ) ( 1
5000
t t t
t o
) ( ) ( ) (
0
T t f d t f T
t
=
}
t t t o
) 004 , 0 (
) 004 , 0 ( 1
5000

+ =
t t
e t e
r
o o
o
203
0
t
u
10 V
4 ms
2 ms
} } }

= = =
t t t
d t h u d t g u d t h u i
0 0 0
) ( ' ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ' t t t t t t t t t
204
P/p tch phn kinh in ch dng c khi ngun kch
thch c dng n gin (hng, iu ho, chu k)
P/p h(t) & g(t) c th dng c khi ngun kch thch c
dng phc tp nhng:
Phi chun b u(t), h(t), g(t)
Phi tnh tch phn
205
Ni dung
1. Gii thiu
2. S kin
5. Phng php ton t
a) Tm nh Laplace t gc thi gian
b) Tmgc thi gian t nh Laplace
c) Gii phng trnh vi phn
206
Tm nh Laplace t gc thi gian
8
5
4
10 20
) ( 5 10 20 ) (
8 4
+
+
+ = + =

p p p
p X e e t x
t t
>> syms s t ;
>> f t = - 5*exp( - 8*t ) +10*exp( - 4*t ) +20;
>> Fs = l apl ace( f t ) ; pr et t y( Fs)
10 5 20
- - - - - - - - - - - + - -
s + 4 s + 8 s
207
Tm gc thi gian t nh Laplace
t t
e e t x
p p p
p p
p X
8 4
2 3
2
5 10 20 ) (
32 12
640 300 25
) (

+ =
+ +
+ +
=
>> Fs = ( 25*s^2+300*s+640) / ( s^3+12*s^2+32*s) ;
>> f t = i l apl ace( Fs) ; pr et t y( f t )
10 5
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + 20
exp( 4 t ) exp( 8 t )
208
Ni dung
1. Gii thiu
2. S kin
5. Phng php ton t
a) Tm nh Laplace t gc thi gian
b) Tm gc thi gian t nh Laplace
c) Gii phng trnh vi phn
209
Gii phng trnh vi phn (1)
VD
E = 12 V; R = 6 ; L = 2 mH. Ti thi im t = 0 kho K
ng li. Tnh dng in qu trong mch.
6 12
0, 002 0, 002
i = +
' Li Ri E + = '
R E
i i
L L
= +
' 3000 6000 i i = +
(0) (0) ( 0) 0
L L
i i i = = =
>> x = dsol ve( ' Dx = - 3000*x + 6000' , ' x( 0) = 0' , ' s' )
>> pr et t y( x)
210
Gii phng trnh vi phn (2)
(0) 0; '(0) 1000A/ s
L L
i i = =
E = 100 V; R = 30 ; L = 0,1 H; C = 0,8 mF.
Tnh dng qu trong mch.
VD2
1
' Ri Li idt E
C
+ + =
}
1
' '' 0 Ri Li i
C
+ + =
30 ' 0,1 '' 1250 0 i i i + + =
'' 300 ' 12500 i i i =
>> x = dsol ve( ' D2x = - 300*Dx - 12500*x' , ' x( 0) = 0' , ' Dx( 0) = 1000' )
>> pr et t y( x)

Qua Trinh Qua Do 2013c MK

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Qua Trinh Qua Do 2013c MK

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Qu trnh qu

' ' ' '

Mch in i s ho H p/trnh vi tch phn

'(0) 18000 V/s

(0) 2, 35 A; (0) 58, 67 V

'(0) 8483 V/s

'(0) 30000 V/s

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