N NN No oo ot tt t e ee e b bb bo oo oo oo ok kk k: :: : 2 PPG

C CC Cr rr re ee e a aa at tt t e ee e d dd d: :: : 06/11/2012 10:15 PM U UU Up pp pd dd da aa at tt t e ee e d dd d: :: : 07/11/2012 12:04 AM

A AA A u uu ut tt t h hh ho oo or rr r: :: : Suhaimi Shaarani
EDU3106 Notes
Programs carried out by the MOE to overcome inequality of education among students.
Supplementary Food Planning (RMT)
Financial Aid for Students from Poor Family (KWAMP)
Providing Hostel Food
Providing Transport for Students
Life jacket
Monthly Allowance for Disabled Students
Textbook Borrowing Scheme
Tuition Voucher Scheme
Factors that cause inequality of education opportunity among pupils in rural and urban areas.
Lack of experienced teachers
Slow development in rural areas
Physical and socio cultural environment not conducive in rural areas
Internet access in rural and urban areas is different so as the teachers ICT skills
Methods or strategies used by teachers in the classroom
Socioeconomic difference
What have the government done to solve the problem of inequality in education?
Free education for all Malaysians
Standardize the curriculum
Opportunities are given to all regardless their family background
Mother tongue to be used- in SJK
Standardized School System
Give aid to school
Ensure the workforce is sufficient in all schools
How teachers deal with socio cultural diversity?
Equip themselves with sufficient knowledge towards different ethnics
Sensitive with the habits or norms of certain ethnic and share them with students
Ensure the classroom setting brings positive images of different ethnics
Make decision wisely and spend wisely whenever purchasing teaching aids
Constructing Cultural Friendly Classroom
Managing physical environment
Managing socio emotion environment
Relationship among ethnic groups
Ways which are suitable to apply in a combined class.
Student centered teaching
Carry out group activities
Encourage discussion among students
Collaborative method
Cooperative method
Why a combined class is needed?
Lack of teachers
Insufficient number of students, less than 10
Students from the same year or level
Main features of a combined class.
Only appear in primary schools
Students are from different year and age
Less than 10 students
Types of languages that will affect the effectiveness of communication among teachers and
students.
Normal Terminology
Academic Terminology
Literacy / Creative Terminology
Sports Terminology / Science Terminology
Composition Terminology
Advertisement / Business Terminology
Mass Media Terminology
Law Terminology
Finance Terminology
List out 4 ways of non-verbal communication
Eye contact
Hand movement / Gestures
Facial expression
Body language
Classroom Communication: Problems faced, Resolution & Implication.
Cl assroom Communi cati on: Probl ems faced, Resol uti on & Impli cati on.
Probl ems Resol uti on Impl i cati on
Lack of preparati on Always be prepared. Pupil s wi ll be abl e to get the
message cl earl y so that objecti ve
can be achi eved.
Noisy cl assroom Make sure that the cl assroom is
qui et enough to carry out a lesson.
Pupil s wi ll be abl e to convey
messages cl early.
Cri ti cs Avoi d cri ti ci zing pupi l s. Pupil s become more confi dent.
Label ing pupi l s Avoi d givi ng negati ve comments on
pupi ls.
Hel p to boost pupi ls sel f esteem.
Gi ve i nstructi ons Encourage cl assroom di scussi on. Pupil s feel i nvolved i n classroom
acti vi ties.

Discuss the implications when a teacher fails to communicate effectively
Pupils do not get the message clearly.
Objectives are not achieved.
Pupils fail to follow teachers instructions as they could not hear clearly.
Poor classroom management.
List out why an action research is important to promote a culture friendly environment in
schools.
Using student centered approach.
To encourage pupils to be culture friendly.
Select and adapt content of a lesson / teaching aids.
Professionally prepared equip oneself pedagogically and aware of issues in teaching
List out plans that have been carried out by the Ministry of Education to enhance the quality
in education among native.
School fees
Co-curriculum
Monthly assessment paper
Annual sports day
Activities of Islamic and Moral Education
School aid
Stationery, exercise books and workbooks
School uniforms
Basic necessities (for pupils staying in hostel)
Transport fares
Supplementary food for pupils in rural areas.
The importance of Multiculture
To understand other culture
To interact with other races
To know other cultures
To embed respect to other cultures and beliefs
To avoid prejudice
What Malaysian can do to achieve 1Malaysia
Kelab Rukun Negara
RIMUP
Optimizing BM in multiracial classroom
Create good relationship among students
Involves all races
Change prejudice attitude
Create love and respect among multi racial pupils
How to analyze Social Structure
Social Class - based on economy - the rich vs the poor
Sosial Strafication - based on race/caste, education, wealth and age
Social differences - Race, family, religion
Why Social Structure can be found in Malaysia?
Geographical and demographical influence
Political disturbances
Changes in the nation economy
Social mobility in the community
Urbanizatian and modernizationa
Beliefs and culture - Caste
Education oppurtinity
Community prespective to other individus / groups
Factors that influence inequality in education
Sosial Class
Gender
Minority Groups
Special Requirement Group
Teachers role in choosing appropriate reading materials in Culture Relevant Pedagogy
Materials must be related to students experience
Avoid sensitive issues
Suits students culture
Materials must induce students to read
Culture:
Can be learned
Can be shared
Is inherited
Universal
Always changing
Has symbolic characteristics
Community:
Grouped
Has culture
Evolving
Interacts with others
Has social classes
Traditional Malay classes
Sultan
Royalties
Dignitaries
Civilians
Malay Taboos:
Do not sit on pillows
Do not sew at dusk
A girl must not whistle / sings in the kitchen
Chinese Taboos:
Do not sweep on CNY eve
Do not wear colourful clothing during deaths
Do not wear white. blue / black during CNY
Indian Taboos:
Do not whistle at night
Newlyweds must be vegetarians for first 3 days
Always clean the feet before entering the house
Common taboos:
Finish the rice to avoid it cries
Never pee on an anthill
Do not point the fingers to rainbows
Vision school:
To unite multiracial students
Cost saving on infras
To inculcate coorperation / tolerence
To inculcate multiracial discussions
To induce patriotisme
To create good competitions
The Ambigous Curiculum (Tersirat)
Covers all learning experience
Learning outcomes that are relative and cannot be measured quantitatively
Covers values that are built within the curiculum
Varies according to location, surrounding and backgrounds
Not written down but exists
Differs in categories based on the institue, learning levels and objectives
Implication of The Ambigous Curiculum
Build a unified race
Acceptence between cultures
Create tolerence
Inculcates cultural values
Develops unifying acts through cocuricular
Create healthy competitions
Approaches in multiracial classroom
Coorperative
Collaborative
Mediative
Directive
Future Studies
Generative
Contextual
Metacognitive
Ways to avoid single race monopoly in a classroom
Democratic and fair
Use varied materials from different cultures
Seating arrangement
T&L preparation - give ample oppurtunities to interact
Inculcate positive attitude
Non-Verbal Communication in a Learning Environment
Eye Contact
Hand movement
Smiles
Facial expression
Subtle body movement
Give positive responses during interactions
Implication to teacher's failure in communication in a classroom
Students do not get the right messages
Uaable to achieve the learning objectives
Students won't be able to hear clearly
Loss of interests
Demotivates the students
Will create disciplinary issues
Culture:
Language and the traditional ways that are the heritage of a social group
The reason to rely on each other:
Self persevation
Ethnic:
Practicing the same customs
Race:
Physical and biological simillarities like eyes and skin colurs
The Malaysian Race
Practices the same value and culture
Implication to sosio-culture:
Teacher , Students, and school.
Inclusice program:
Special needs children in normal classes