TRNG I HC S PHM TP.

H CH MINH

Khoa Cng Ngh Thng Tin

Chng 5: M HA V IU CH
Gio vin hng dn
: Trnh Huy Hong
Nhm Sinh vin thc hin :
1.
T Phm Hong Thin K36.104.080
2.
Lng Th Ngc Dim K36.104.012
3.
Mai L Qun
K36.104.063
4.
Trn Vn Bo
K36.104.003
Lp : CNTT 4

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Tp.H Ch Minh, ngy 1/11/2013

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BI LUYN TP CHNG 5
I.

CU HI N TP:

1. Cho bit s khc bit gia m ha v iu ch ?

M ha l gn cho tn hiu mt gi tr nh phn v c trng bi cc mc in p

c th c th truyn trn knh truyn v phc hi my thu.

iu ch l dng tn hiu cn truyn lm thay i mt thng s no ca mt

tn hiu khc, tn hiu ny thc hin nhim v mang tn hiu cn truyn n ni
thu nn c gi l sng mang (carrier wave). Mc ch ca s iu ch l di ph
tn ca tn hiu cn truyn n mt vng ph tn khc thch hp vi tnh cht ca
ng truyn v nht l c th truyn ng thi nhiu knh cng mt lc (a hp
phn tn s)

2. M ha s - s l g?
Chuyn i (M ha) s-s l phng php biu din d liu s bng tn hiu s.
V d: khi truyn d liu t my tnh sang my in, d liu gc v d liu truyn u
dng s.
3. Chuyn i tng t - s l g?
Chuyn i tng t - s (s ha tn hiu tng t) l qu trnh chuyn tn hiu tng t
thnh lung tn hiu s. Hoc (biu din cc thng tin c trong tn hiu lin tc thnh
chui cc tn hiu s 1, 0).
4. Chuyn i s - tng t l g?
Chuyn i s - tng t hay cn gi l iu ch s l qu trnh thay i mt trong cc
c tnh (Bin , Tn s, Pha) ca tn hiu sng mang (iu ho, sin) da trn thng tin
ca tn hiu s (1 v 0).
5. Chuyn i tng t - tng t l g?
L qu trnh thay i mt trong cc thng s ca sng mang cao tn
(Dng iu ho) bi tn hiu tin tc (d liu tng t).
6. Cho bit ti sao phng php iu ch tn s tt hn so vi iu ch bin ?
iu ch tn s chng c can nhiu trit c tp m t nhin, p dng c h thng v
tuyn hai chiu cn iu ch bin nng lng pht i tp trung t nht 2/3 tn s sng
mang nhng khng mang li thng tin hu ch, cn hai bin mang thng tin hu ch th ch c
nng lng thp, mc d ch cn mt trong hai di bin l c th truyn tin do 2 di bin cha
thng tin ging ht nhau.
7. u im ca QAM so vi ASK hoc PSK l g?
QAM tha hng cc u im ca ASK ln PSK :
+ Tit kim c nng lng truyn tin, bng thng hp
+ Khng b nh hng nhiu bin
+Tc bit ln
8. Trnh by 3 dng chuyn i s - s ?

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3 dng chuyn i s-s: unipolar (M n cc), polar (M c cc), bipolar (M lng

cc).
Unipolar:
- L dng m ha n gin nht (nguyn thy-ra i u tin).
- Mt mc in p biu th cho bit 0 v mt mc in p khc biu th cho bit 1.
+ u im : n gin v chi ph thp.
+ Khuyt im: Tn ti in p mt chiu (DC) v bi ton ng b.
- Thnh phn DC: Tr trung bnh ca m n cc khc khng, to ra thnh phn
in p DC trn ng truyn. Khi tn hiu tn ti thnh phn DC, khng th i xuyn qua
mi trng truyn.
- Kh nng ng b: Khi tn hiu truyn c gi tr khng thay i, my thu khng th
xc nh c thi gian tn ti ca mt bit (Chu k bit). Hng gii quyt c th dng
thm mt dy dn truyn tn hiu ng b gip my thu bit v chu k bit.
Polar:
+ Khi nim: m ha polar dng hai mc in p: mt mc c gi tr dng v mt mc
c gi tr m, nhm gim thnh phn DC.
+ Phn loi: NRZ, RZ v Biphase.
- NRZ: NRZ-L (nonreturn to zerolevel: Cng COM RS232) v NRZI (nonreturn
to zero invert)
- RZ (return to zero).
- Biphase: Manchester (dng trong mng ethernet LAN), Manchester vi sai (
thng c dng trong Token Ring LAN)
Bipolar:
+ c im: Dng ba mc in p: dng, m, v zr (0 volt).
+ Phn loi: AMI, B8ZS v HDB3
9. Thnh phn DC l g?
Tr trung bnh ca m n cc khc khng, to ra thnh phn in p DC trn ng
truyn. Khi tn hiu tn ti thnh phn DC, khng th i xuyn qua mi trng truyn.
10. Ti sao phi c bi ton ng b trong truyn s liu ?
Bi ton ng b trong truyn s liu tc truyn s liu c nhanh hn, c s
dng trong truyn dn tc cao, thit b thu v thit b pht c th hiu c nhau v
nhn c tn hiu tt hn
11. NRZ L khc NRZ I im no?
NRZ L: Bit 0+V (+3V, +5V, +15V..); Bit 1 -V (-3V, -5V,- 15V)
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NRZ I:
Gp bit 1 s o cc in p trc .
Gp bit 0 s khng o cc in p trc .
(Bit u tin c th gi s dng hoc m)
12. Trnh by v hai dng m ha biphase dng trong mng?
Hai dng m ha Biphase dng trong mng l Manchester v Manchester vi sai.
- Manchester:
Bit 0Na chu k u ca bit l in p +V v na chu k cn li l in p -V
Bit 1Na chu k u ca bit l in p V v na chu k cn li l in p +V
- Manchester vi sai:
Gp bit 0 s o cc in p trc .
Gp bit 1 s gi nguyn cc in p trc .
Lun lun c s thay i in p ti gia chu k bit.
13. Khuyt im ca NRZ l g ? Cho bit hng gii quyt t RZ v biphase?
Khuyt im: Bi ton ng b: Khi tn hiu truyn c gi tr khng thay i, my
thu khng th xc nh c thi gian tn ti ca mt bit (Chu k bit).
Hng gii quyt c th lm dng thm mt dy dn truyn tn hiu ng b gip my
thu bit v chu k bit.
14. So snh khc bit gia RZ v AMI?
RZ :
Bit 0 =>Na chuk u ca bit l in p -V v na chu k sau ca bit l in p 0V
Bit 1 =>Na chu k u ca bit l in p +V v na chu k sau ca bit l in p 0V
u im:Gii quyt vn ng b cho chui bit 1 hoc chui bit 0 lin tip.
+C 3 mc in p
AMI :
Bit 0 => 0 Volt
Bit 1 => in p V hoc +V lun phin (tn ti 1 chu k bit)
Lm trit tiu thnh phn DC ca tn hiu
Ch ng b c i vi cc chui cc gi tr bit 1 lin tip v d mt ng b i vi
cc chui bit 0 lin tip
15. Ba dng m ha bipolar l g?
3 dng m ha Bipolar: AMI, B8ZS v HDB3
AMI (Alternate Mark Inversion)
+ c im:

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Bit 0 => 0 Volt.

Bit 1 => in p -V hoc + V lun phin (Tn ti 1 chu k bit).
+ u im :
- AMI lm trit tiu thnh phn DC ca tn hiu
- ng b i vi chui cc gi tr bit 1 lin tip.
+ Khuyt im :
- D mt ng b i vi chui cc gi tr bit 0 lin tip.
B8ZS (Bipolar 8- Zero Substitution):
+ c im:
Bit 1 => in p -V hoc + V lun phin (Tn ti 1 chu k bit), o cc in p trc
.
Bit 0 => m s bit 0 lin tip:
Nu khng phi l nhm 8 bit 0 lin tip s m ho l 0 Volt.
Nu l 8 bit 0 lin tip s m ho nh sau:
+ 00000000 => + 000 + - 0 - + (+=> +V; - -V)
- 00000000 => - 000 - + 0 +- (+=> +V; - -V)
HDB3 (High-Density Bipolar)
+ c im:
Bit 1 in p -V hoc + V lun phin (Tn ti 1 chu k bit), o cc in p trc .
Bit 0 m s bit 0
Nu khng phi l 4 bit 0 lin tip s m ho l 0 Volt.
Nu l 4 bit 0 lin tip th s tnh tng s xung (+ hoc -)
L s l: +0000 +000+
L s chn: +0000 +-00-0000 -+00+
16. So snh khc bit gia B8ZS v HDB3?
S khc bit gia B8ZS vi HDB3
B8ZS : m s bit 0 lin tip:
Nu khng phi l nhm 8 bit 0 lin tip s m ho l 0 Volt.
Nu l 8 bit 0 lin tip s m ho nh sau:
+ 00000000+ 000 + - 0 - + (++V; - -V)
- 00000000 - 000 - + 0 +- (++V; - -V)
17. Hy cho bit cc bc thit lp m PCM ?
Cc bc thc hin PCM: 4 bc:
Ly mu v gi (PAM).
Lng t ha.

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M ha nh phn.
M ha s - s.
- PAM: ly mu v gi (theo nh l Nyquist)
- Lng t ha (quantilization): l phng thc gn gi tr bt k ca tn hiu (sau khi ly
mu) v mt mc c nh sn.
- M ho nh phn: Chuyn mi mu lng t thnh 1 t hp nh phn.
S bit cho 1 mc= log2[tng s mc lng t)
- M ho s- s: Chuyn cc bit nh phn thnh tn hiu s (m n cc, lng cc.)
18. Tc ly mu nh hng nh th no ln tn hiu s c truyn ?
Tc ly mu cng ln th tc bit cng nhanh tn hiu s c truyn cnh ln
19. nh hng s bit ca mt mu ln tn hiu s c truyn ?
S bit ca mt mu cng nhiu th tc bit cnh nhanhtn hiu s c truyn cng
ln
20. Nu bn phng php chuyn i tn hiu s sang tng t l g?
1. ASK (amplitude shift keying): iu ch s bin , kho dch bin
2. FSK (frequency shift keying): iu ch s tn s, kho dch tn s
3. PSK (phase shift keying): iu ch s pha, kho dch pha
4. QAM (quadrature amplitude modulation) l phng thc iu ch rt hiu qu dng
trong cc modem
21. Khc bit gia tc bit v tc baud l g ? Cho th d ?
Tc bit (Rbit): l s bit c truyn trong mt giy (bps: bit per second)
Tc baud (Rbaud=Nbaud): l s n v tn hiu truyn trong mt giy (baud/s)
ngha tc baud nhm xc nh bng thng cn thit truyn tn hiu.
Tc bit = tc baud x s bit trong mt n v tn hiu:
Rbit= Rbaud x n
+ V d:
Baud tng t nh xe, cn bit tng t nh ngi trong xe
Mt chuyn xe ch mt hoc nhiu ngi.
Nu 1000 xe di chuyn t im ny sang im khc ch ch mt ngi (V d li
xe) th mang c 1000 ngi.
Vi s xe trn, mi xe ch 4 ngi, ta vn chuyn c 4000 ngi.
S xe l n v lu thng trn ng, tc l to nhu cu v rng ca con
ng.
Ni cch khc, tc baud xc nh bng thng cn thit, ch khng phi tc bit.
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22. iu ch l g? Mc ch ca sng mang trong iu ch?

iu ch l dng tn hiu cn truyn lm thay i mt thng s no ca mt tn hiu
khc, tn hiu ny thc hin nhim v mang tn hiu cn truyn n ni thu nn c gi
l sng mang (carrier wave). Mc ch ca s iu ch l di ph tn ca tn hiu cn
truyn n mt vng ph tn khc thch hp vi tnh cht ca ng truyn v nht l c
th truyn ng thi nhiu knh cng mt lc (a hp phn tn s)
Tn hiu sng mang (carrier signal):
-Trong truyn dn analog, thit b pht to ra tn s sng cao tn lm nn cho tn hiu
thng tin. Tn hiu nn ny c gi l sng mang hay tn s sng mang (dng iu
ho, sin).
-Thit b thu c chnh thu tn s sng mang, trong c tn hiu s c iu
ch.
Tn hiu mang thng tin c gi l tn hiu iu ch.
23. Tc baud lin quan nh th no i vi bng thng truyn ASK ?
Tc baud bng vi bng thng truyn dn ASK khi truyn bn song cng v bng
khi truyn song cng
24. Tc baud lin quan nh th no i vi bng thng truyn FSK ?
Tc baud bng vi bng thng truyn dn FSK tr cho lch tn s khi truyn bn
song cng v bng tr cho lch tn s khi truyn song cng
25. Tc baud lin quan nh th no i vi bng thng truyn PSK ?
Tc baud bng vi bng thng truyn dn PSK hoc ln hn ty theo s bit c dng
biu din mi n v d liu
26. Cho bit cc thng tin c c t gin trng thi pha?
Gin trng thi pha cho bit: s chu k bit, chu k sng mang, s bit cha trong 1 n
v tn hiu, s loi n v tn hiu
27. Tc baud lin quan nh th no i vi bng thng truyn QAM?
Tc baud bng vi bng thng truyn dn QAM hoc ln hn ty theo s bit c
dng biu din mi n v d liu
28. QAM quan h ra nh th no vi ASK v PSK?
QAM l phng thc kt hp gia ASK v PSK sao cho ta khai thc c ti a s khc
bit gia cc n v tn hiu
29. Cho bit cc u im ca PSK so vi ASK?
PSK (phase shift keying):
+ Khi nim: Pha ca sng mang thay i biu din cc bit 1 v 0 (bin v tn
s khng i).
+ u im PSK (2-PSK, BPSK): khng b nh hng nhiu bin , Bng thng hp
(nh hn bng thng ca FSK)
BWASK = Rbaud ; nhiu bin
BWFSK = f + Rbaud ; khng b nh hng nhiu bin
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BWPSK = Rbaud ; khng b nh hng nhiu bin

+ Gin trng thi pha:
0 vc1(t)= 5 sin(2.20t+00) V ; 1 vc2(t)= 5 sin(2.20t+1800)
PSK khng b nh hng ca cc dng nhiu tc ng nh ASK
30. Khc bit gia AM v ASK?
ASK (amplitude shift keying: iu ch s bin ):
+ Khi nim: L qu trnh cc bit 1 v 0 lm thay i bin ca tn hiu sng
mang (tn s v pha khng thay i).
+ Khuyt im: ASK thng rt nhy cm vi nhiu bin .
Nhiu ny thng l cc tn hiu in p xut hin trn ng dy t cc ngun tn
hiu khc nh hng c ln bin ca tn hiu ASK.
31. Khc bit gia FM v FSK?
Tn s ca tn hiu sng mang thay i biu din cc bit 1 v 0 (bin v gc pha
khng thay i).
32. So snh bng thng ca FM v AM theo tn hiu iu ch
+ Bng thng ca tn hiu AM(iu bin):
BWAM = 2 Fi max= 2 BWi
Vi Fi max l tn s cc i ca tin tc.
Vi BWi = BWm l Bng thng ca tin tc.
+ Bng thng tn hiu FM(iu tn):
BWFM = 2 (Fi max+ fm ) = 10. BWi
Vi : Fi max l tn s cc i ca tin tc.
fm l di tn cc i.
BWi l bng thng ca tin tc.
II.CU HI TRC NGHIM
33. ASK, PSK, FSK v QAM l dng iu ch:
a. s - s
b. s -tng t
c. tng t -tng t
d. tng t - s
34. Unipolar, bipolar v polar phng thc m ha:
a. s - s
b. s -tng t
c. tng t -tng t
d. tng t - s

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35. PCM l th d v phng php iu ch no:

a. s - s
b. s -tng t
c. tng t -tng t
d. tng t - s
36. AM v FM l cc phng thc iu ch:
a. s - s
b. s -tng t
c. tng t -tng t
d. tng t - s
37. Trong QAM, yu t no ca sng mang b thay i:
a. bin
b. tn s
c. tc bit
d. tc baud
38. Cho bit phng thc no d b nh hng ca nhiu bin :
a. PSK
b. ASK
c. FSK
d. QAM
39. Nu ph tn hiu c bng thng l 500Hz, tn s cao nht l 600Hz th tc ly mu l
a. 200 mu/giy
b. 500 mu/giy
c. 1.000 mu/giy
d. 1.200 mu/giy
40. Nu tc baud l 400 ca tn hiu 4-PSK th tc bit l.
a. 100
b. 400
c. 800
d. 1600
41. Nu tc bit ca ASK l 1200 bps th tc baud l
a. 300
b. 400
c. 600
d. 1200

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42. Nu tc bit ca tn hiu FSK l 1200 bps th tc baud l

a. 300
b. 400
c. 600
d. 1200
43. Nu tc bit ca tn hiu QAM l 3.000 bps v mt n v tn hiu cha 3 bit. Tc
baud l.
a. 300
b. 400
c. 1000
d. 1200
44. Nu tc baud ca tn hiu QAM l 3.000 v mt n v tn hiu cha 3 bit. Tc bit
l.
a. 300 bps
b. 400 bps
c. 1000 bps
d. 9000 bps
45. Nu tc baud ca tn hiu QAM l 1.800 v tc bit l 9.000, trong mt phn t tn
hiu c
a. 3 bit
b. 4 bit
c. 5 bit
d. 6 bit
46. Trong 16-QAM, s 16 l
a. T hp ca pha v bin
b. Bin
c. Pha
d. Bit trn giy
47. Phng thc iu ch dng 3 bit, 8 gc dch pha khc nhau v mt bin l phng
thc:
a. FSK
b. 8-PSK
c. ASK
d. 4-PSK
48. nh l Nyquist cho bit tc ly mu ti thiu ca tn hiu l.
a.

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bng tn s thp nht ca tn hiu

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b.

bng tn s cao nht ca tn hiu

c.

gp i bng thng ca tn hiu

d.

gp i tn s cao nht ca tn hiu

49. Cho tn hiu sng AM c bng thng 10 KHz v tn s cao nht l 705 KHz, cho bit tn
s sng mang:
a. 700 KHz
b. 705 KHz
c. 710 KHz
d. khng th xc nh dng cc thng tin trn
50. Yu t to chnh xc khi ti to tn hiu tng t t lung PCM l.
a. bng thng tn hiu
b. tn s sng mang
c. s bit dng lng t ha
d. tc baud
51. Dng m ha lun c trung bnh khc khng l.
a. unipolar
b. polar
c. bipolar
d. tt c cc dng trn
52. Dng m ha khng cn truyn tn hiu ng b l
a. NRZ-L
b. RZ
c. B8ZS
d. HDB3
53. Phng php m ha dng ln lt cc gi tr dng v m cho bit 1 l
a. NRZ-I
b. RZ
c. Manchester
d. AMI
54. Phng php dng yu t vi phm khi m ha s-s l.
a. AMI
b. B8ZS
c. RZ
d. Manchester
55. Tn hiu iu ch c c t yu t:

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a. Thay i tn hiu iu ch bng sng mang

b. Thay i sng mang bng tn hiu iu ch
c. lng t ha ngun d liu
d. ly mu dng nh l Nyquist
56. Theo qui nh ca FCC, tn s sng mang ca cc i AM c phn cch nhau:
a. 5 KHz
b. 10 KHz
c. 200 KHz
d. 530 KHz
57. Theo qui nh ca FCC, trong di tn ca FM c th c bao nhiu knh (i) v mt l
thuyt: (88Mhz-108MHz), BWFM=0,2Mhz=200Hz.
a. 50
b. 100
c. 133
d. 150
58. PCM nhm chuyn i tn hiu t tng t sang tn hiu.
a. analog
b. s
c. QAM
d. vi sai
59. Nu gi tr ti a ca tn hiu PCM l +31 v gi tr b nht l 31, cho bit c th dng
bao nhiu bit m ha:
a. 4
b. 5
c. 6
d. 7
60. Khi phn tch tn hiu ASK, kt qu cho ta:
a. lun l tn hiu sin
b. lun l hai tn hiu sin
c. s v hn cc tn hiu sin
d. tt c u sai
61. Phng thc RZ dng bao nhiu mc in p:
a. 1
b. 3
c. 4
d. 5
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62. Cho bit s mc lng t ha no cung cp trung thc cao khi khi phc tn hiu:
a. 2
b. 8
c. 16
d. 32
63. Cho bit phng thc no nhm gii quyt yu t mt ng b khi truyn nhiu bit 0
lin tip?
a. B8ZS
b. HDB3
c. AMI
d. a v b u ng
64. Dng chuyn i c lin quan n iu ch l.
a. chuyn i s - s
b. chuyn i tng t - s
c. chuyn i s - tng t
d. tt c u ng
65. Phng thc chuyn i cn ly mu tn hiu l.
a. chuyn i s - s
b. chuyn i tng t - s (PAM, PCM)

c. chuyn i s - tng t
d. tt c u ng
66. Bng thng ca tn hiu FM bng 10 ln bng thng ca tn hiu.
a.

sng mang

b.

iu ch (Tin tc)

c.

bipolar

d.

ly mu

67. iu ch tn hiu tng t l phng thc lm thay i yu t ..ca sng mang.

a. bin
b. tn s
c. pha
d. tt c u ng
68. iu ch tn hiu s l phng thc lm thay i yu t ..ca sng mang.
a. bin
b. tn s
c. pha
d. tt c u ng
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III.BI LUYN TP
69. Cho tc bit l 1000 bps. Hi c bao nhiu bit c gi i trong 5s, 0,2s v 100 ms ?
S bit gi i trong 5s : 1000 x 5 = 5000 bit
S bit gi i trong 0,2s : 1000 x 0,2 = 200 bit
S bit gi i trong 100ms : 1000 x 0,1 = 100 bit
70. Gi s chui d liu gm 10 bit 0. Hy v tn hiu m ha chui ny dng cc phng
thc sau?
a. Unipolar
0

b. NRZ-L
0
0
+V Tbit

c. NRZ-I

+V

Tbit

d. RZ
0

e. Manchester
0 00

-V

71. Lm li bi 71 dng chui 10 bit 1?

72. Lm li bi 71 vi chui gm 10 bit ln lt: 1010101010
73. Lm li bi 71 khi chui d liu gm: 0001100111
74. Cho tn hiu unipolar ca chui d liu, hy cho bit chui nh phn ca n?

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00100100
75. Cho tn hiu NRZ-L ca chui d liu, hy cho bit chui nh phn ca n?

11001001
76. Hnh v sau chui NRZ-I ca chui d liu, cho bit chui ny l g?

10101101
77. Hnh v RZ ca chui d liu, cho bit chui ny l g?

01110011
78. Hnh v chui Manchester ca chui d liu, cho bit chui d liu l g?

11100011
79. Hnh v chui Manchester vi sai ca chui d liu, cho bit chui d liu l g?

00010010
80. Hnh v chui AMI ca chui d liu, cho bit chui d liu l g?

10001001
81. Hnh bi 81 v chui pseudoternary ca chui d liu, cho bit chui d liu l g?

01110110
82. Hnh v chui B8ZS ca chui d liu, cho bit chui d liu l g?
Time

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10100000000010
83. Hnh v chui HDB3 ca chui d liu, cho bit chui d liu l g?

001000001001; gi s tng s xung ban u l s l

84. Cho bit c bao nhiu mc bin cn c cho cc phng thc sau:
a. Unipolar: 2
b. NRZ-L: 2
c. NRZ-I: 2
d. RZ: 3
e. Manchester: 2
f. Manchester vi sai: 2
85. Tnh tc ly mu ca PCM nu tn s thay i t 1.000 Hz n 4.000 Hz?
Tc ly mu = 2 x 4000 = 8000 mu/ giy
86. Dng nh l Nyquist, tnh tc ly mu ca cc tn hiu tng t sau:
a. Tn hiu tng t c bng thng 2.000 Hz (fmax=BW)
b. Tn hiu tng t c tn s t 2.000 Hz n 6.000 Hz
87. Nu tn hiu c ly mu 8.000 ln trong mt giy, cho bit khong cch gia 2 mu
(chu k ly mu) l bao nhiu?
Chu k ly mu : 1/8000= 125 microgiy
88. Nu khong cch gia hai mu tn hiu ly mu l 125 microgiy, cho bit tc ly mu
l bao nhiu?
Tc ly mu : 1/(1,25 x 10-4 ) = 8000 Hz
89. Ly mu tn hiu, mi mu dng mt trong bn mc. Cho bit cn bao nhiu bit biu
din mi mu? Nu tc ly mu l 8.000 mu/giy, cho bit tc bit?
n = Log2(4) = 2 bit
Tc bit = 2x8000=16kbps.
90. Tnh tc baud ca cc tn hiu c tc bit v phng thc iu ch?
2.000 bps, FSK
Rbaud = Rbit = 2000 baud/s
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Truyn Thng K Thut S

4.000 bps, ASK

Rbaud = Rbit = 4000 baud/s
6.000 bps, 2-PSK
Rbaud = Rbit = 6000 baud/s
6.000 bps, 4-PSK
Rbaud =(1/2) Rbit =6000/2 = 3000 baud/s
6.000 bps, 8-PSK
Rbaud =(1/3)Rbit = 6000/3 = 2000 baud/s
4.000 bps, 4-QAM
Rbaud = (1/2)Rbit = 4000/2 = 2000 baud/s
6.000 bps, 16-QAM
Rbaud = (1/4)Rbit = 6000/4 = 1500 baud/s
36.000 bps, 64-QAM
Rbaud = (1/6)Rbit = 36000/6 = 6000 baud/s
91. Tnh tc baud nu bit tc bit v t hp bit:
a. 2.000 bps, dibit (2 bit) Rbaud = (1/2)Rbit = 2000/2 =1000 baud/s
b. 6.000 bps, tribit (3 bit) Rbaud = (1/3)Rbit = 6000/3 = 2000 baud/s
c. 6.000 bps, quabit (4 bit) Rbaud = (1/4)Rbit = 6000/4 = 1500 baud/s
d. 6.000 bps, 8 bit Rbaud = (1/8)Rbit = 6000/8 =750 baud/s
92. Tnh tc bit khi c tc baud v dng iu ch:

a/ Rbit = Rbaud=1000 bps

b/ Rbit = Rbaud x 1= Rbaud=1000 bps
c/ Rbit = 3x Rbaud =3000 bps
d/ Rbit= 4 Rbaud =4000 bps
93. V gin trng thi pha trong cc trng hp sau:
a. ASK, bin 1 v 3
b. 2-PSK, 1 00 v 01800.

Bit
1
0

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Phase
0
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94. D liu t ngun c gi tr thay i t -1.0 v +1.0, cho bit gi tr bit ti cc im 0,91;
-0,25; 0,56 v 0,71 khi dng phng php lng t 8 bit?
95. Cc im d liu trong gin trng thi pha l (4,0) v (6,0). V gin ny. Hy cho
bit cc gi tr bin v pha ti tng im? (Bi 101)
96. Lm li bi 96 nu cc im d liu l (4,5) v (8,10).
97. Lm li bi 96 nu cc im d liu l (4,0) v (-4,0).
98. Lm li bi 96 nu cc im d liu l (4,4) v (-4,4).
99. Lm li bi 96 nu cc im d liu l (4,0), (4,4), (-4,0) v (-4,-4).
100. Gin trng thi pha hnh 5.52 l dng iu ch no: ASK, FSK, PSK v QAM?

Hnh 5.1
101. Gin trng thi pha hnh 5.53 l dng iu ch no: ASK, FSK, PSK v QAM?

Hnh 5.2
102. Gin trng thi pha hnh 5.54 l dng iu ch no: ASK, FSK, PSK v QAM?

Hnh 5.3
103. Gin trng thi pha hnh 5.55 c biu din ASK, FSK, PSK v QAM?

104. Mt gin trng thi pha c th c 12 im khng? gii thch?

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Truyn Thng K Thut S

105. Mt gin trng thi pha c th c 18 im khng? gii thch?

Mt gin trng thi pha khng th c 18 im v 2n khng th bng 18 c
106. Th ngh mt nguyn tc chung tm cc im trong gin trang thi pha
107. Nu c 8 dim trong gin trng thi pha, cho bit c th gi bao nhiu bit trong mt
baud?
Mt n v tn hiu cha: 8 = 23 gi 3 bit trong 1 baud
108. Tnh bng thng cn thit cho tng i pht AM sau, b qua yu cu ca FCC.
a. iu ch tn hiu c bng thng 4 KHz;
Tn hiu AM c bng thng l hai ln bng thng tn hiu gc: BW = 2 x 4KHz =8 KHz
b. iu ch tn hiu c bng thng 8 KHz ;
Tn hiu AM c bng thng l hai ln bng thng tn hiu gc: BW =2 x8KHz =16 KHz
c. iu ch tn hiu c tn s t 2.000 n 3.000 Hz;
Tn hiu AM c bng thng l hai ln bng thng tn hiu gc: BW = 2 x (3-2) = 2 KHz
109. Tnh bng thng cn thit cho tng i pht FM sau, b qua yu cu ca FCC.
a. iu ch tn hiu c bng thng 12 KHz;
Tn hiu FM cn 10 ln bng thng ca tn hiu gc: BW = 10 x 12 KHz=120 KHz
b. iu ch tn hiu c bng thng 8 KHz;
Tn hiu FM cn 10 ln bng thng ca tn hiu gc: BW = 10 x 8 KHz=80 KHz
c. iu ch tn hiu c tn s t 2.000 n 3.000 Hz;
Tn hiu FM cn 10 ln bng thng ca tn hiu gc: BW = 10 x (3-2) KHz=10 KHz

Nhm 5