Mahakavi Barathiyin Manuda Membattu Sinthanaigal

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UFw cauh kW Muh ika

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$ fgft ahyah, khbfhiy, kyh,
brid - 600 004. : 044 - 2495 1415
E-mail : mtsacademy@yahoo.co.in
BIBLIOGRAPHICAL DATA
Title of the Book
: Mahakavi Bharathiyarin
Manuda Membattu Sinthanaigal

Subject
: Human Development Thoughts in the works of

Mahakavi Bharathiyar
Editor
: Seva Rathna, Kalaimamani Dr. CHEYON
Date and Place of
: 29.12.1952
Birth
Tirunelveli
Language
: Tamil
First Edition
: November 2005, Thirukkural Year 2036
Date of Publication : 12th November 2005

Copyright
: Editor
Paper used
: 11.6 kg, D/cr, White Priting
Size ef the book
: 18.5 x 12.5 cms
Printing point used : 11 Point

No. of Pages
: 232
No. of Copies
: 1000
Binding
: Card Board Binding
Laser
: M.R.N. GRAPHICS
Mylapore, Chennai - 600 004.
Printer
: KAYVEEKAY PRINTERS
3/3, P.V. Koil Street, 3rd Lane,
Mylapore, Chennai - 600 004.
Publisher
: Thirukkural Higher Studies & Research Centre

Mylai Thiruvalluvar Tamizh Sangam
4, East Mada Street, Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004. Ph : 044 - 2495 1415
E-mail : mtsacademy@yahoo.co.in
Price : Rs.100- 00
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Thus she doth equal laws and justice teach

To woman, out raged and polluted long;
(Chap. 4, Po-21)
fP b, uh khY, bgQ MQ
eifnahL, fhjnyhL, rkJtkhf, Rjukhf,
jkhf
jUk
kiyghijf
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Woman and man, inconfidence and love,
Equal and free and pure together trod
The mountain - paths of virtue...
(Rani Mop, Chap. 9 : 89-90)
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1907 M ML, ut f 9 M eh, ah j,
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brJ, mf beia fhF ku nghif btWJ
kfshgh, Uk tehj ma nghnwh
xJFgt. j edil, ne bfhl ghit, y
wfis fL nghdh. jifa bgfis nghy,
ahF mrhj be, Phd brUF - itna Jik
jehL bgf midtU f wD, MSik
bg milahsfshF.
wD bgW wf ntL vW Mt bfhlh. mj
mt, jik xj bgf mahik vw ngU
mogilny Jik bgiz ghu idJ
FL, mty th thtij btWgt; mtf, o
ciuJsh.
milJ lgij LJ, btna tJ, moik
16
lhl nrnah
17
goUF e ghuj njr Ljiy bgw, gtif
bysf thif ceho. mt yhlh y
nkik bgw ciHf ntL vw vzij
iy. vdnt, mt khahr vW ghuah Ro
bfhoUgt.
fhlgLwh.
tha Egf njw, bkj tsU ma

Egf ma, g} m bgw, cy gy
gFfSF brW, mF fW njJ, mt
Jikia ghuj ehoF bfhL tJ nrF
endhf cilat.
tha brsfaf gy brJ bfhL thgtf

Mt. jfSF KLfilahf, fhy fhykhf UJ tU.
vzfis,
fhjbyhUtid ifonj at
fha ahD ifbfhLJ
khju wf gHikia fhoY
kh bgw brJ thtko...
Jik bgf rhuf gy fW njJ, mjt
bghik
ghu, yw vgJ bgzw vgij,
gHf
tHffis
jfbjthf; kj jikfis fhJ, fl

jikF fuhd eFzf ngh, rf Mkf nghw
y thJ fhLt.
bkhj, bgzoik r_fij kh, bjG
(bg..F. - gh. 8)
vw ghlyof _yK,
xiw FLg jny - bghU
Xf tsgt jij;
kiw fUkf brnj - kid
thl brgt sid!
(KuR - gh. 5)
vw ghlyof _yK L L tWsh.
bfhl r_f gilgtns ghu fl Jik bg.

(Jik bg, r_f, ghuah fijf, gh. 1-10)
yw bgQF ilF kid, jh vw

uL lfS nghWjFad vgij,
, ghu kw fijf, fLiuf, fijf t

Jik bg gkhzfis J fhngh.
Jik bg, a ggho mogil Twhd
jik ge a nrjd
jh bgaU [baw ehkK...
(bgik - gh. 1)
yw vD eyw ngQgt; mjdh, mt elkhL

r iya, ekid jiy, khr, fh Fk
tik nrgJ jhKiyghylh
vbwyh ghuah nghwgLwh. thif
khd nrF kid thijf...
ghij, xU eh nghy kbwhU eh Ugiy. ehS

xU mDgt jU yij ngh ugt bg. mt
(bgik - gh. 3)
vw mof _y Ro fhosh. bgik vgJ
18
lhl nrnah
19
jik, g, ea, m, mik, Mir fhj
f iybaW brhyt jhU
vgtiw jutyJ; Jg J g nrgJ; tik
fF m~J bghJ itngh.
jUtJ; khd nrgJ; ciu fhF jikaJ. mjdh,
(bg..F. : gh. 5)
bgik thf vW nghWnth vW ghu fij
vW TW mt, Mbzyh fig L jtW brjh,
ngRwh. yw nkikia,
mbghGJ bgik fglhnjh? vW nfF mt,
L vw brhYF Ljiy vgJ bghU. bt
bgflJ fig F tWsh. fila
vjidnah mrfSF nAJf csd. mjkhd
bgfsh y catiltJl, ehL caU vgij,
mrf yhk LjiygL thH jFj lJF
........ khjj f
L vW bga bfhLjh (ghuah fLiuf, g. 227)
fny caehL...
vW j fLiuY ghu vLJiuJsh.

yw fztD kid rk mjJl thH
ntL. jkh Kojtiu xUtUbfhUt j njLj
mtf flikahF. fzt, kidia moikahf
eljTlhJ. ij, thf brJ bfhl UrDF
moikiy; cJiz; thifF CWnfh;
tny xU gF; tD ght nghy; ZQ
yR nghy. #fF Mjhukha bgUfl Mbg vd uL fiyfSl sFwJ. uL
guz rkhd (jehL khjF, g. 48) vw fLiu
tf vLJiuwh.
nkY, FLg bgf Ljiy mila ntL.
FLg Ljiy yho, njr Ljiy uhJ
vW TWtj _y, xU njr / r_f mogil myF
FLg vgij czsh.
yw th M bg UtUF f f
aikahjJ vW ghu vLJiuJsh.
(nj..gh : gh. 5)
vw mof tWsh. mJl, fh y
ntL vw ghlny,
ghL fylnt - mnfbahU
gbg ntL...
(bg..F. : gh. 5)
vW guhrl ntLwh. thW, ghu, g,
guij vW ngRtj _y bglJ fig
tWsJ bgwgLwJ.
bgzoikF bg fik Ka
fhuzkhF. ij, ghu, jehL rnfhjfns!
cfl vjidnah ma wikfS, jufS
caJ
Uj
nghY,
guj
mfyhjgoah mtnghJ bty fG

brfis, khWjfis f mJ bfhL
mjF jfgo elf lyhk nghwJ. khjilna
f gukh jkhd jbgzf jhnk y
20
lhl nrnah
21
nghL vW Ro fhosh (jehL khjF,
bgf mit tsjh - ita
g. 121). nkY, bg, f fwh kLnk MfSF rkkhf
ngjik mL fh!
(KuR, gh. 10)
kfgLthf vgij, MfSF rkkhd f
vW, cyf ngjik thHntL vwh, bg f
wik bg kfSF bghJgilahf VgL tiu, M
Ka vW ssh. bgfSF Ljiy,
kf, bg kfis jfgo kf khlhf. jhthfnt
rkJt, ehff, mua, bghUshjhu z, k,
elJthf vW, jehL khj rz Ljiy
f Mad ilf ntL vwh mjF _W jkhd
bgw ntLkh, mjF f njhna bgU
cghaf cL. KjyhtJ cgha f. ulhtJ
JizahF (nkyJ, g. 122) vW vLJ fhosh.
cgha f. _whtJ cgha fna! mjhtJ, fia
mJl, xsitah wJ thj jehL khjF
ju ntbwyh jkhd cghaK J gaglhJ
m g fZlkhFkh? rnw C ghLgLth
(jehL khjF, g. 100) vW ltlkhf ciuwh.
fsh, j khj m gfny fuw r

gilJLthf. m wjh wF Ljiy
nfhilia ifgWj m Rygkh L (nkyJ) vW
Ro fhLwh. mjdh, mt, Jik bgfis
f wjtfshf gilJ fhLwh. bgf
%nrh nghw nguPfS, fh nghw bgU

jiytfS, bg f vgJ, MfsJ njitfis
iw br tifny mikj ntL vW fUd.
jJt, ma, gof vyh bgfSF
njitiy. rka, ebyhGf, y Kndw
f fwh, mtflJ fhzgL mahik FtJ
itfSfhd gong bgfSF nghJkhdJ vW
kLk, mtf tahf mtfSila FLgK r_fK
idJsd. Mdh, ghuahnuh bgf vyh
ngjik fbgW vW vLJiuwh. y
JiwfY
jikF Vg, g is. jh jikF Vg,
mtfSbfW jf njitiy vW idjh.
FHijf ey bgWthf vgij,
vdnt, Jik bgfis mt gilJ fhLnghJ,
y jik gFs jhFkh;

r bjhL klik bfhljh
tytuhf
sfntL.
rhuf gygy fghuh

raf gygy brthuh
jy kha kfis bgl
_j bghikf ah mghuh;
rhynt ajhtnjh brah.
_l fLf ah jfghuh.
(.bg., : gh. 5)
vw mof Ro fhLwh.
vdnt,
(.bg, gh. 9)
vW ghLwh. bgfSF Mfis nghynt, caju
22
lhl nrnah
23
f vyh isfY gHf VgLj ntL
vW vLJ fhosh. nkY, MfnshL bgfS
vW j fLiu Tsh. nkY, njr mUF
rf rkhd vW cuJ Fu xJsh ghu.
bg f f ntlghyJ vd ghuah tW
TWwh. njr r %gfsha khjfis mik
vD ngU ML njrhU, njrhU
vW TFuLnth ngjikia vbdW ciungh
vW Ro fhosh.
[t t rkJt - vyh cfS jKns f

vW, [t t Ia - vyh cfS xbwgJ,
J kj ntbfhif vW TW ghuah, uz
rkJt yhj l eh M kfSl thH khnlh
vd bgf cW bfhsntL vwh. fzkh
MQ bgQ rf rkhd vw bfhif

ghuah c bfhifahF.
MQ bgQ fbud bfhtjh
mnyh ita jiHFkh...
(.bg, gh. 4)
vW ghoa ghu,
v fhj vw fij,
gh bkh badF
ghF ehDdF...
vW brh,
uko badF
btao ehDdF...
fbud bfhL Kunr - j
vgJ <whf gy iyf MQ bgQ xUtiu xUt
y thgtbuyh...
rhJ F rkJt jJtij vLJ fhosh.

(KuR, gh. 18)
My fP b fUJfnshL, nkiy
vW,
ehL bg Ljiy fUJfnshL gy j

xbwW bfhLKunr - m
xJnghF ghu, xU fU kL ukhf khWgL
XbfW bfhLKunr...
wh; mJjh Ljiy fhj bfhif.

(KuR, gh. 31)
vW gho, y wj kf midtU rk vW
vLJiuwh. cilat rna M bg Utiu
rkkhfjh gilJsh vgij,
fahz gj vgJ xU fLjis vW fUJ

b,
........................................ Man and Woman
cilat r Mbg uL
Their Common bondage burst , may freely borrow
xUf brJik rikjh...
From lawless love a solace for their sorrow
(bg.., gh. 1)
(Ch. 5, Po. 51)
24
lhl nrnah
25
vW yh u fij Tsh. mjhtJ,
fhj bfhifia mfhu brj rhaiy.
jkJ bghJthd moikjdij cilJ behWa
Vbdwh, njrkhtJ FLgf bjhF. FLgyh
MQ bgQ, rl tugw fhj _y, jkJ
lh njr iy (nja f fLiuf) vW cyf
JauF khwhd X MWjiy jhuhskhf bgwyh
gzhk tsia, a gghL kuig kd
vWiuJsh, b. mt, jKila Episychition vw
itJ Mjukhf ngsh.
fij, fhj vw bgauh xU eg, XUUt

Matiw neF fLghil jh Ugiy
vgij,
m, J, u, gjik, cikia iyehl

Kgl, MQF rkkhf jid czJ fUJfis K
itj - vw midJ gkhzfY ghu Jik
I never was attached to that great sect
bgzhf fhawh, busg. mt, jid
Whose doctrine is that each one would select
miHf tj njghfl,
Out of the crowd a mistress or a friend

And all the rest, though fair and wise commend
vW ghosh. b j Ljiy fhj ga

fUij, ghu Ugiy. khwhf foJiuJsh.
fhjny Ljiyba whnfh bfhif
fLts Lbkgh nuh gh;
khjbuyhj jKila U tz
kjUl thlyh bkgh mndh;
ty rFF khHj ehafjh

vidKnd T Hjhuh? jikna
Kd HJ Kobjid njhwhuh?
vW nfwh. mLJ jid miHf tj Jrhjdl,
ehaf jhjik njhw - vid
eF Kik mtiy
vW nfhgKW ciuwh. mJl,
ngj Uff fyj nghny
bfsut ntj [igj - mw
atjh fyj J lh
flt ahtU iynah?
ntjidbah yhnj J brW
vW MuKl dwh. Lk, Jnuhz cl
ntbwhUt widTl ntL bkgh.
rig,
uyh kjbrhY thij fO!

Ljiyah fhjby bghik fhj!
ngauR brjh, z D rhuf...
nrhuiungh yhkf J
vW nfhgKl Ro fhLwh. thW, jdF
Ritf bgikey KQ wh...
rbaWglij jafyhk TWgt, busg.
vW fij nga ghu, j fLiu x, Ljiy
Jnt, Jik bg milahskhF.
26
lhl nrnah
27
bjhFiu :
1.
ghu
Jik
bg,
ya
ghuga mJtiu Rlglhjt.

2.
ghu,
Jik
bg
fUjhfij
3. kfhf ehLgW
My
fPfshd b, th k tflUJ
Kidt
bgwhY, mt e k kunfg, ghu

fgid cUthd bgnz Mth.
3.
ghu Jik bg, ku bgQF vuhdt

my; khW Mth.
4.
5.
8.
KDiu
a UehL, moikW lj mty iy - mj
ghu Jik bg, u bg my;
Ljiyia fdY Tl v ghf Koahjt-
ya bgnz Mth.
fshf cHw kf Tl...! jifa U fa a
Jik bg f, eyw, mrhik, u, f, M-
rKjha jHfJ vlauUJ vGJ wglJ
bg rkJt cz, brik jik vw
xU obt...!
_l gHffSF, bgfis Kl itF ku

fLfSF vuhdt vwhY, gH a kughd
7.
nguha, j Jiw, khy f, brid.
fhy! My MfF MgL, cik thit ehL
Fzeyfis cilat.
6.
g. kfhf
vkF bjh fij

eho FiHj
iknghJ nruhUj...
FLgF vuhdt my.
vD fij KHfny ehLfhf ehLikF mauhJ
Jik bgf itaij - Mzhf r_fij kh,
ciHw ntifia xU ntahfnt M bfhl
M-bg rkJt r_fij cUthf tjtf.
Ljiy fs mj m FR. mtjh kfhf
ghu Jik bg kh totnk (Role Model)
Ruka ghu!
LJ f gho tj yh
busg.
ghuj Ueho l beoa moik jisbaD

cwfUJ kfis jo vG zol
gho tj yhthf ghuia fL bjJ nghdh
ghntj ghujhr.
28
ehoid
fF gifia fF fKuR;
LJ f gho tjyh;
fhL fkG fu brhnfh!
..........................
lhl nrnah
29
ghlfns, ghuahiu f cF bfhL nrjd.

tfnk tha vD mtuJ Kj nja ghl
kfilna bgU fiH bgwJ vd o.v. Ir rhKnt
ehaf FLwh. (lhl o.v. rhKnt ehaf, ghuah
fij f Fj Mf xU kL, Kjg nk 1992, kfiu
wghl tj kwt; a
mwghl tj mP
mr, Fk khtl g. 215-234)
..........................
ghu csny Rnjr cz njrg
mayh v fizah sft...
mUtjF fhuzkhf s MWgL mUj
(ghujhr fijf, ghu-Jbe fhoa yt, g. 194, k ggf
PhdFU mid ntjh nj vgij ghu e
- kWg, brid, 1994)
bgUFl gy lf FLwh. ghu Kj
vd, ehL Ljiy ngh dfl fPdh ghu
fij bjhFahd tnjr jf 1908 M ML rdt
MSik khig cynfhF czJ mwgahf
khj bttjnghJ mLJ ulhtJ fij
thbdh f gth KHFwh.
bjhFahd b#k (tnjr jf-ulh ghf)
ghu bfhl ehLg btghL totf :

ghuah, jKila fij bjhyh ehLF ciHjiy
1909 M ML bttjnghJ Kiwna tUkhW m

fis fhifahFwh.
cW brUjhY mnjhL mikahk fLiuf,
$UZz m#]dDF Rt%g fho MJk iy
Wfijf, ciu KHff, j gf vd midY
sabjhg vdF ghujnj [z %gij
mt j ehLg MHK mGjK wghf btgL
fho, tnjr g cgnjr jUa FU ruz
tot bfhoUwd.
kyf W iy rknw - Ma vW,
njr g _y J
mLJ,
My Vfhgajh, a kfSF vuhd
vdF xU foifny khjhdJ bkbjho
rlkhf V lgLsJjh. 1905 M ML
jikia Jw bgUikia brhyhkYza
eilbgw tf id; a Ljiy af
FUk gfth ntfhdjUila jk Ma
tuyh J xU U Kidahf cJj rahf
$k ntjhF iy rknw - .
btglJ. j tf nghuhlij bjhlJ ghu
Ruka
jkJ 23 MtJ ta ehL Ljiy nghuhl
xneh bjhFJiuwh bjh.K.. uFehj.
<Lglyhdh. mfhy NH mt vGa nja
(U bjh.K.. uFehj, ghu fhyK fUJ; v...v, brid, g 1982, g 9-10)
ghu
vd
FlgLsikia
30
ghu fijf njr g Ga R
lhl nrnah
31
RgfSF _yhjhukha njr g vw ed

khf
njhaJ.
vGjgl ghlfns bgUghik fhzgLtjF
clnd
sjkhd.
ghuah ghlfis xa mQFKiw mQ M
Fiwilatdha ahD njdJ Uigah ma
nkbfhl U.. fdfrghg FLwh. ghu
RllJ m nl. mt fhuzkhf brw
bkhj
Uj
tU y fij ky idJ khjh UtoF
izsit 107. j GfhL 53.5 vd mt
idnj vD ghu T t, njr gia
bjJiuwh (. fdfrghg, ghu ghujhrD xa
a xahf - khfkhf - kjkhf bfhL nghW ghF
ghuah fijfS nja fnzhl
ghlf
200;
itf
nja
wdh, K.g. 1980, g. 305)
ghu njr g ghlf cUthffhd

fhufS mt tifghLfS :
njr g ghlfis ghuah ghLtjF gy
fhuf Lj bfhLUf ntL. mt Ka
enyhf
ijbayh
enyhUila
Fzfny
btgLwJ. (y brt lhl k.bgh. tPhd, fhy jj

fP ghu g, kh.bgh.. ngUiu, bfho ggf, brid, g. 9)
1. ghuj khjh moik iy

2. w ehLf eilbgw vGf
3. jiytf thif tuyhWfS cgnjrfS
l bgWtd :
vd gFJ TW lhl Ir rhKnt ehaf ghu
njr g - a kj
njr g ghlfis,
tf idia vJ 1906 M Mony nja

vG - njr g vD a khf njhaJ. mj
Monyna nja fia bgbwLjJ jehL vd
1. jehL f TW ghlf
2. njr jiytfis nghW ghlf
ghu cjaij nghL lhl k.bgh.. mtf,
3. njr Ljiy nfhU ghlf
eho njr g vD a khf njhaJ g, #k
4. ghuj njr bgUik TW ghlf
vD jkJ KDiu ghu vGs

Tiwna nknfhshf fho kd iw bfhwh.
eho X a Mjr, s, X jk, X khf
njhWnkahdh, nk kf beridJ uia
5. njr Ljiyia v neh tF ghlf

6. w ehLf Rju vG ga ghlf
vd MW tifahf jhJ bjgLJwh.
neh U Na fhj kyngh, mthjrij neh
(lhl Ir rhKnt ehaf, ghuah fij f Fj Mf xU
Uwd. brw RgUJ tUny ghuj eho rt
kL, K.g. 1992, g. 215-234)
32
ghu njr g ghlf
lhl nrnah
33
vd ntWik xWik fhQ a xUikghil
moikW cik HJ thL a kfSF e

eho gH bgUikfis mJ ghbfyh yf
vD bgUjij Rofho,
ngh MWgLJwh.
moik F J J j Kftna mwtfsh gFj w thG miwa ghuj kf
iyfhf u,
ghuj gHbgU
uj jt; idtfwh
beR bghWF iyna - j iybfl
vd ghuah ku tgl fijf cikzit
kjiu idJlh...
kfSF Cl KgLwh. vij jh kJ
vd thL ghu, Ljiy iw et ghujij cUthl x
Fyh UjJ ehnl (gh.g.g.3) vd eho jhd
gilj fdh - cW bfhl bedh - isa
ghrij cwit ghu cWgLJwh.
ghujdh th th th vd miH Lwh....!
tnj khju vngh - vf khy jhia tzFJ

vngh vd jhehil tzl midtiu
tha brj! thf ewH!

tha ghuj k UehL!
miHF ghu, Mu coF rh - v ma tJ
vd jhbkhah jgW, j irgW, ghuj
f vd ? vd aha nfL iy L
jhehL gW vd _iw xUnru xUF itJ
neuhUf,
nghL a Foik iyghil ghu ghFw
xWglh cL thnt - e xWik

midtF jhnt...
(g. 1-2)
vd vrJ mWJwh.
njr gna bjt gahf kyj

ma Mdh Vgl moik iyia kfSF
ghUFns ey ehL - vf
ghuj ehL!
btgL tfhLwh.
czjnt ghu fijt kfis irU cia

(g. 4)
ifahlh. gil ytf iwtDF Ug
vd bgUj bfhS ghu, bts gkiy JytJ
vG ghoa Kiw ghujkhjh, ghuahuh iwik
bjhl Mf iyY ma tYkhd mL
iyF bfhL brygLwh. ghujkhjh etud
fLfhd jidfis tirahFwh. (g. 6-7) mj
khiy ghujkhjh Ujrhf vgit Kiw
bjhlahf, ghujjh,
vGjglit vd fh. dh Rju, v.M. UZz,

e. R buoah, f. ifyhrg Mnah Ro fhLtnjhL,
br bkh gbdLilah - v
jid xWilah!
(g. 112)
it
khfthrf,
bjhluo
bghoahth
34
lhl nrnah
35
Mnahiu g vGjglit vd TWwd.
thJ KDjhuzkhf bfhsjf jiytf u u
J FJ e. brhff nkFj fUij jG
brafisbayh ghu ngh fJ, rKjha
brtnjhL, gU ghoa kdfis gbaG
kfSF s jiyKiwdUF vGLwh.
gho JbyGjiy FL ghuah, ah
ehLik aikahik - ahf nkik
moikjis lj ehf gbaG
Matiw jiytf thyhf ghu bt
ghLwh. vdnt fhy khwF Vg mt fhy
gLJwh. kh, rug th, FU nfhj,
njitaha cik czit kf cs nt%w
fhaof, t.c. jgudh, y#guh, jhjhgh
br vz ghodh. vdnt Jik t J
besnuh, ngu, mguhk j, yf Mnah ghu
mikJsbjd kLwh. cw lj a
fijf mtFJ tfhLwd.
rKjhaij jo vG Fplhf gbaG ghoa

ghuah, jhyhil ghlhk jUF csa Eg
vzjfjhF.
yfl ghu bfhoUj gid sFnghJ,

bjhL kdghik eho moik iy tsUj
neu Rju ekJ wik vd W bfhblGj
ghuah njrij bjtkhf fU nghdh
yf j ehthf sat ghuah vL
vgjF rhwhf ghgh gho, nrjyhj
fh. dh Rju fUij, Ir rhKnt ehaf Ro
Jjhd - ij bjtbkW Flo ghgh
fhLwh.
vwh.
Koyh bgwh Fns Kjikwh
ghu g ghlfY njrg CLU
vd
fhaofis
MjJ
lgij fhnwh. ghuF njrg ntW, bjtg
bjhiynehF FljfJ.
ntW vgiy; g ntW, r ntW vgJ iy vW
ghrh rgj - gHikny Jik
$ TWtij nfhoL fho Wwh, ghu
nghL
ghu
kfhghuj xU is fijahf sfToa
Mths lhl Ir rhKnt ehaf

(lhl o.v. Ir rhKnt ehaf, ghuah fijf,
g. 215-234)
ghrh rgj ghuahuh 1912 xU W fhakhf

gilfglJ. ghrh to ghuj khjhitna
flh, ghuah; ghuj khjh Ljiy Funy, ghrh
jiytf thif tuyhWf
rgj xjJ! fha mJtiu ifahsbgwhj
(ntfhdj - njrg - bjtg xik)
J vD ehLw ghku kfj ah totij
ghuj ehoY, cy w ehLfY ththF
ghrh rgj ifahL, ya cy bgU u
36
brjh, ghuah. ehL gid, m, moikjd

Matiw vF uid ghrh rgj
thyhf va kfS J bfhS tif gHikny
Jikia Fa cUtf fijahf ghu toJ jjh.
(lhl uhk. rKf, ghua, g. 230-231).
m FR - Ljiy nt
ghu ghlf Fj gy ghlfis x neh
M nkbfhl . fdfrghg, cik m FR
vwh, Ljiy - Ljiy W vgJjh wj
bghUshf UwJ. Ljiy W ia fnl - mij
My Mahs Ma gift NGlkha fho xU
a l Ma kubgh itnj. fhnl mjJ;
go bghU wf brhtjh j fijYs
uhz gh bgh wwJ. ghrh rgj Ljiy
fUit bfhl xU ed FWfha vwh, m
FR mnj Ljiy fUit bfhl xU ed dW
fij vW FLtJ Vilajhf fhzgLwJ
vW MJiuJsh (. fdfrghg, ghu - ghujhr fij
kL - K.g. 1979, g. 219)
ghujhr, ghuia fhL fkG fu brhnfh

vd FLwh. fhoil ku bgh itj m
FR vgjfhd Fplhf J UFnkh vd v
ghf l csJ. ghujhr, ghu njr g fd
gwF fu brhnfh fijiana m Frhf
fL nghUF thUwJ vdyh.
ciueilah ehLFiHj ghu

ghL wjhny itaij ghl idjt
rKjha zia fij fUah kL
lhl nrnah
37
bfhzuKoahJ vd idjhnuh vd vz thL.

V mt mthW idUf TL? ghuahnu j
fLiu gF TWwh. cikahd fijF
jeho jf kiy, Z ghi
UJ fijf bkhbgaJ nghlh gy th
thwhf (ghu fLiu : 62) mtuJ fUij eh
kd bfhlh mt, j fUJ btghoF
fijfis Jizahaik ydhF vd nghuha
e. rhjh Mnj FLwh. (e. rhjh Mnj, ghuah
fijf - xU ghit, ghu a, lhl uhk. rKf
(g) kthrf ggf, jgu, K.g. 1982, g 230-231)
gs, giwa vd e xU gdiu
brtij miy, kj khwF t tFgij M
xU gF vw fij s, mtfis j rKjha
LjiyF t nfhl mtfis MjF Kiwfis
TWth.(ghu a g. 129)
fhjD njrgnw cajJ vgij sF
neh tz Fkia ghu gilJsh (nk g.129).
njr Ljiy czfis nkil KHffshf M
kfSl beUa bjhl bfhlt ghu.ah,
Rnjru cl jf thyhf ehL
kfilna njrgo Ljiyfhf Ma ghu
gf wFaJ.
ehLik Fj fyhd mua fUJfis
nj gonjhU ghkuU v J bjbfhS
tif fUnjhafis ah cl j
thyhf MuJ bjhshuf bjhlfnyna
mKfgL, bjhlJ btL tj rhjid w
ghunf caJ.
38
lhl nrnah
39
My M Rnjr jf J fgl jilju
Rnjr jf btpL g
1921 ghuah kiwF d mtUila
ghuah fhy, fd, MbyhUghF My
Jizah brykh mtf j m fzt
murh jil bragld; ghuah jilia vJ
Wfhy yakhd btpL Kaia
murhfnjhL vGJngh fdh. ghu
iwntw Udh. jfhd Mju nto, U..f
kiwF d 1928 M ML mtUila id ehshd
etr mt ntLnfh LUjh. etr
brlg 11 M eh mW, ghu Rnjr jf, uil
Ma U..f. mtf brykh mtf mifia
M Kiw fj fhy, My murhfjh jil
jkJ j btlnjhL, xU Jiz jiyafK
bragld. brid rlrig ghu ghlf
vGdh. ntLnfhSF j ehlh vjY
gKj rgjkhd vFu, njr gj v. ra_
thf khlh vW enwh.
mtf jiyik vGgglJ. murhf rhs g
$ghuah InuhghnyD mbkfhnyD

wUghuh mtUF Jfhiy vjid Phgf
df VgLj goUF vgij eh Tw
ntLtiy. j ehlhlUJ mts bga
Tlf ghuah ghlfis ghl jkhf itf

Mfhnf KabaLf goUjd. gy gTlf
ghl l gwgL tjd. uilah
oZ Vfhga fu XUjJ. rl rig
ehty ra_, ghu ghlf gKj rgjkhf X
eajiy eh vghfiynaahD mtUila
xit nuuizia bfhL tjh. rlkw
f ey Kiw bttUtjnfD vd U..f.,
ayPuhd ehty ra_ miwa rahntr
ghu
My ciu y gFf ghu Ga njr
nkikia
ber
beJ
FoUjh.
brykh ghu KanahL Utnf
ghu Mruk vw bga btpL Wtd
gia, fij nkikia ghu J kf

bfhoUj nkig btgLa g bglf
tUkhW :
bjhlfglJ; mj btplhf 1922 Rnjr jf
mku Ruka ghuah eh fiykf njrg
U bjhFf bttjd. ghu thUj fhy, 1917
eld fjJ. cyf, ahit ju w Rju
kW 1919 M MLf gu R. beiyag Ka
eho ghu wUjh, mt murit fPuhf
ehL ghL vw jiy U gf
fUgh; kf czia kf bjj M
bttjd. kfhf ghuah fijf vD jiy
mtUF gl gjia bfhLJ bgUikgL
mtUila fij Y, w gilfS fhynjhW
UF; njr f ma nghWjYFatuhf thJ
bjhlJ btlgL tUtJ FljfJ.
kiwUgh.
40
lhl nrnah
41
Ruka ghu, njr gjuhf thjh; njr gjuhfnt
itjh. rKjha KaJt fjhf csJ. fhy
kiwjh. jiyt mtfns, L eh Tw UtJ
Mf moik iy bfhLikia md gwF
ahbj,
msyh rl mt fij czW.
bkh
css
vts
ufis gKj brayh. fhynjhW vGjh

sahf ntj XjgL tUtJ nghy, l brhf
fij bkfhny mo wHhk L xj nghy,
xU jH cs tiu j ggho iykgw
j ghlf W y...
j ghlf 25 MLfshf j khy
ghlgL tUwd... j j eho fbga
Tlij TLtjnfh, kf Mtij Ltjnfh
gwgL tKiw vJ bjkh? j ghlfis
ghLtj _yjh My bkh fPf blr,
a ns, ghf Mnah fijf ytiw
vLJ T, mtfis fhoY ghuah nja
fijf brf midJ fPf, fjf,
gntW kf Mnahiu jG brwd vgij
tWdh ra_.
ghuah wdh uhkzuh UjhY mtUila
ya vnfahtJ Xl rh myJ tFthj
ca, jh mo Rtil fhz Kokh? vd nflh,
ra_.
guj nehFl, cyf jGa jfhy fPf,
eh mjtiu ghuahnu Kjikahdt vd
rhdh.
ghujij jh ehlhf ngha Kkh a

fP ghu
ghu njrgj fijfSF ju a
fPfsJ fSF cs xWik ku t glbjd
TWtij l, K kh tifglbjd TWtnj
bghUjkhF. jiyikahd U fUbghUshf sF
jhafK RjuK ghu njrgj fijf vj
njh tswd vgij Muhnth.
Ljiy fUJfsh cntf_lbgW a
fij ya jhaf vD fUJ jiyikahd l
bgWwJ. MD nja VgL tj fhyij
nrj fPf fUij sf FnghJ mtf
gyuhY khy, d, rka viyfis flJ mgh bry
Koaiy. tfSila ehL gW jh wJ tsj
gFf fiH ghLtJlD jkJ rkaij Foia
nrj j nrhjufsJ eyfis fhgJl W LwJ.
gntW tifahd rkafis, bkhfis, tz
dfis d wtiw jdfnj bfhl
ah midij jhafkhf bfhS ghit
KjKjyhf ujueh jhT, Ruka ghu tf
Ut njrg ghlfjh f bjthf
cUbgWwJ. kbwij l ah xWikjh
xWikzit XJ mt fis ah gKj
ah tskhd g thF cuthj bra
brtJ? vd Wahf dh LJ, mitnahiu f
tyJ vw cWahd fUij U a fPf
42
lhl nrnah
43
jh KjKjyhf btgLd vgJ bgUjJl
ehL Ljiyfhd aikahj njitahf czjh.
FljfJ. jhT #dfzkd ghl (1911) c
jfhd MfKiw lfis bjl tFJ
_rhf miktJ fUJjh.
ciuwh. ghujnjr vD ghl (1910) ghu
a kf midtU xWgl xnu rKjhad

vD fUJU, ghu nja ghlf ahtY
f mGjkhf tWjgLwJ. ghu Mugfhy
nja ghlf tnj khju (1907) xwhF. tf
fP g rj wFa ghl bgaiu jha
ghl ghu ah vyh rkajtU xnu
rKjhajtf vw xUik fUij giwrhWwh.
#h kjfis ghnuh - ca
#k njr vduh
nta uhD mnw - mW
ntW Fyd uhD xnw!
vD ghu fFu btgL, ghuj njrfhd
cWghL g nghWjFaJ. (bg.R.k, g. 198,199)
ghu bfhl ehLik bjhiynehF

ehL Ljiy vgij mua Ljiy vW M
khw ms iw bfhtjF ghu idfiy.
mua LjiyF fHntoa ehL jGa iy
vyh JiwfY fHntoa Ljiy nehajhfnt
ghu jidf ll tif MwYl
btgLsik Fljfd.
jhehL bjh tsK tf iy nknyh
tsJ bghU iyah ahiu vghuhk
cWghLl fty bghUshjhu Ljiyia ghu,
jifanjh bra lij tFjwh.

tf XotU ifah
ikaJ ehLf gbrFnth;
btL ff brJ jf Kjyh
ntW gy bghUS Fil bjLngh;
vL irfY brit nw
vQ bghUsidJ bfhL tUnth!
fh ef yt ngR ciujh
fh nfgjnfh fU brnth;
uhrjhdJ u jkF
ea fdlJ jf mngh!
go Mil g Mil
g kiyfbsd Fngh;
fo uaf bfhL tUth
fh tfUF mit bfhLngh!
Mj brnth ey fhj brnth
Miyf itngh f rhiyf itngh!
Xj brnah jiyrhj brnah
cikf brhnth gy tikf brnth!
ku fngh id ju fngh
thid asngh fl id asngh;
ru klya fL bjnth
r bjUbgUF rhu fngh!
44
vbwyh
lfis
mL
bfhnl
brw ghuah, Kjhghf clghL iy,

cyf bjhyidJ ctJ brnth vd brh
Kowh.
ey Cf brj Kj Phy eLftU fgf
brj tiu midJ bjh EgfSl Toa a
bjh tsia ghu iHwh.
lhl nrnah
45
mwt Ljiy ntl

Ugjh who bjhlf UZah, Mfh,
y mbkfh kW gy HF ehLf tKiw be
W KGikahd u Vgl bjhlaJ. vD,
d tU jid mnghL
ij nghLth
(ghu fij, gh. 23)
jft bjh EgJiw tsna cyf khDlij
vd TW ghuF mtiubahj jid bfhnlhF
izF bgUr vgij czUj ghu,
ehLf uf VgLa bfhoa isf
QF kQF ilyhd midJ m
Viladthf iy. a gghoF jJtF
brtij a kf bgwhf ntL vgij
mit xjd vW fUjiy. khwhf, mjifa FU
eynt nguhw vgij ghu, Ljiy ah
bfhL uia ghu btWjh vgjid mtuJ
nkbfhs ntoa bra lkhf mwh.
fLiuf gy ekF fhL. (ghu a, g. 232)
a Foah jiyt mQr Ph ghuj
jhehL Ljiy fhaof FL mwt
udh Kidt V..n#. mJ fyh a isPfis
MSikia cth, Fns Kjikw fh
KitJ fd fhw t tyik cyf
kfhkh vd nghL ghu,
jiyik Vw wD ty ah 2020fhd
jidF mrhukhf Kndho jidfshf ghu
bjhiynehF jidf kyJ kz guwd
vdyh.
ghuia nghy a eho tsF l
bgUbfhiy tah nght fjh;

mjY wbg Jiljh
mUfiy thz bkbjhl jf
mwt baW ajh;
beUa ganr xJiH ahik
tlkhd cdjkhdbjhU ntiy lij FL
bedh ah F
ya MtK vG mua J meh ntW
tUf fL gifbjh kwJ
vj a fPlK mj msF Ufiy vd
itaf thfe ywnj.
g brL jhkiu j fLiu TW v
vd T, fhaof mwtna a LjiyFa
nghWjYFaJ.
tahf ghu m brwh.
46
ghu fd a FoauR
ghlf xwhf ghuj rKjha (1920) kyJsJ.
ghliy faur ghu mua rhrdbkd
FlntL. j ghl mt bjhiynehFl
Muhwh.
47
vbfhs iHwh. moik iy vF yhjgo
ghu ghoa vzw njrg ghlfS fil
tUfhyij
lhl nrnah
Mnya
fhy
MUJ Ljiyailj, a eho iy

vgo UfntL vW J ghwh.
cyUJ monahL fisaglhy, ah bkahd

Rju bgw Koahbjd jhTiu nghynt ghu
ciuwh. (bg.R.kh. ghu j-, nrif, gh. w
ah fij, g. 203)
nj! bdhbg whj
njankh nja khnkh?
vd KHF ghu f jid fUJF mu
nrwJ.
KgJ nfho #df rf
Koiu
KGikF bghJ cilik
rKjha mogil nehFnghJ, ghul mt
...........................
fhya gntW ff xL bkhj git fhz
...........................
KowJ. ghul cyf nehF - nja nehF - tlhu
vnyhU ehL kd.

vD j ghl t, ehL LjiyailtjF
nehF vw _W bgU TWfS cL. ghuah j
UgijJ MLfSF Kng ghu, LjiyailJ
_iw jjahf flt my.
jdh murhd ahit g, vyhU X

iwahf,
vyhU
eho
kduhf
UZa uia a fPfnyna Kjikahf
thG
tha ghu, mfij Ko Ujf vW mt
rKjhaJFa a Foauir g KHf bjhl
ifahS gok xU ehoF kLky, xU lJF
lh. jifa fUJf a fij ya
kLky, cyf KGtjFnk cs xU bghJ fid mJ
1947 - 1950F Kdh ntW vj fPuhY ts
Ro fhLtjhf mikJsJ. nj nghid ghu
sfkh vLjhsgliy vgij x nehL
vGa vyh fijfY VjhtbjhU tot fhzyh
mPj Miu (g., 201-202) fUjjfJ.
vW mPj fUJ vzjfJ. (ghu g, v.
cyf Ljiyia neha gaz
njhjh, g. 33)
a ehLF ey nrw khDl nkghL
ghu jikfis eF J bfhl ghujhr,
jidf ts iy w ghu, a
ghuah cyff - mf m
Ljiy ms W lhk mij cyf jGajhf
guJaj m x thnjh!
48
lhl nrnah
49
XcUbfhU ehLFajhd
ghu ehLgW, mua Ljiy, bghUshjhu
Xil rh idila my - kW
Ljiy,
rKjha
Ljiy
cl
midij
csla iy kyL ehL Ljiy nehaJ
u mt kfny nk vW
vgij
Stij l ntL vngh
czu
KowJ.
ehLgW
vgJ,
fhy
viyfis flJ, fhyF Vg bjhlL tha
Uaj fPl vghw
g vgJ cWahwJ.
brik ey vyhK mt ghfnlh

vd bgUjJl ghu MSikia milahs
ghu jhehL gW w ehLfis mRWJ -
fhLwh. ghu ehLgW bjhl midij
moik br nghfhf yhk, cyf jGa Ljiy
kL brw bghJilik brk th mtf,
nehFilaJ vgJ bjgLwJ. khDl nkghLF

vyh tifY mu nrL bjhiynehF bfhl
ghu fhyY thjh;
ghu Ga MSikna, ghu ehLgW.....!
fhyij jho thwh

(th y kLf, ghu g..., g. 33)
vd ciugJ, ghu Fj eybjhU rKjha klhf
btgLwJ.
ghu ghlf jJt Mw Ljiy af
nghJ,
jeho
cs
ehLw
gFfY
vbuhjJ; kfSF ehLgiw olJ.

W, ghu ya gilf jJt br,
gntW a bkhfY btl bgWkhdh, a
kf ya r_f bghUshjhu Kndw a
ghij iuJ mikj TL vd ghu a t, a
eho nkghL fhz iH nguha uhk.
rKf Mfiy jid iu bratot
bfhSj ntL.
ghu gilf t W, xL bkhjkhf
ghubaD nguhwiy fL bja KgLif,
50
lhl nrnah
51
rh (khl bjhF), 2. khl nt (Itif nt

Udiu dnjhW cgrJ czLtJ) vgjhF.
jfhy jGbfW cUthfgl ah
4. kfhf ghu fLiuf

khDl nkghL jidf
jfhy j mfuh, khDl vgjF kj jik
br e. Md
jikf catiltjfhd jidfshf ghu
Kidt gl Mths, j bkhJiw,

brid gfiyfHf, brid.
fLiuf t ygLtdtiw fhngh. ghu
vW bghU TWwJ. tif khDl vgjF kj

rKjha jikf vW bghU bfhsyh.
fLiuf
fij tot Jikia FaJ nghW

trd eil vw bganuhL njha ciueilid
btgL
ma
jidfis
jiyfshf bfhL fLiu mikfgLsJ.
fhy gziy cilaJ
gutyhFtY ghu Kidl braglt. tuJ
_l g vD jiyl fLiu, fhy
ciueil f tikahdJ. kfis f LtJ
gziy cilaJ vw Fila My gHbkhia
nkY, tuJ fijf btgL uK Jo
Ro fhLwh. jt fhy mUikia sFwh.
fLiufY btgLsJ. ghu whL
vij njha clnd NnlhL brnghJ m
HhnghJ
ghuah
bt rakhf ilF. mij f nghLl
fLiuf vw btlglJ. ghuah gntW
wF branghdh m Mug UF Ug
fLiufis jJt, fiyf, khj, r_f vW ehF
FiwJ, mjnfg gaD FiwJL vwh.
xbthU
fhyij j nghLtjfhd fhuzJ xwhf
fLiuY kfl fUJ brwila ntL;
_lgia FLwh. f fgj t, _lg x
uia ijf ntL vw vz btgLwJ.
vw jDila jidF khwhf My f fw
ghu fLiu bjhFig mogilahf bfhL
bgakjfS
jD
cilatfshf Ugij Ro fhLwh.
thd
ggfjhuh
bjhFjJsJ.
ghu
khDl
ghu
nkghL
jidfis
Muhtjhf fLiu mikJsJ.
khDl nkghL
rFd
nghw
gy
_lgfis
f fw bga kjf _l g <LgLtJ,

itfU ghkuU jik xUntis g nghrdF
khDl vgjF brid gfiyfHf j
miHfhJ nghLthfnsh vw gadhjh
ngufuh uL bghUfis TsJ. mit, 1. khl
vwh. gaij L Jryhf bragLf. J
52
lhl nrnah
fhyjh cfSF g ngh#d! ilfhUF.
fUJnth
cf bjhif mfJ Ltjh g nghrdF
fowh.
FiwUfhJ vwh. thW _l eiffis xJ

fhy bragl kfis Lwh.
eifna fhknjD
kbwhU
53
wjh
vW
Urhuhiu
bg Ljiy vD fLiu bgfSF

Ljiy bfhLgjfhd gJ Mug gofis Ro
brhwh. mj RUf,
xbthUtU jKila bfhif iybgW vW
gha thf TlhJ; Ugkwtid kzf
eif cilatuhf Uj ntL. eif vgJ
tWj TlhJ; fztid L f Udh mjF
fhknjD nghwJ; eh UtJ midij jutyJ.
l bfhLf ntL; jij brh rghf
fUij Uehfur, uhkhD#, naR, KfkJ e
bgfSF mf ntL; fzt wj kWkz
vd xbthUt t vLJ TWwh.
brtij jLf TlhJ. Ukz brJ bfhshJ
eif clhdh bt cL. mj eif

Ka yBz vdbtwh, lhKa. kdF
iyj eif Ujh brif jilgLkh? Ka
Fkh? Lf gaKWJkh? cs nrhUkh? vW
mLfLfhf nffis vG, uhkhDr nrhH eho
UJ nghFnghJ mtiu oJ bry Fiugil
jahf W ifbjh brJ jahf thH U

bgfSF rKjha cjt ntL; bgf fztid
ju w MltfSl ngRtJ jtW vW gjidia
xJl ntL; bgfSF vj cnahfK
bfhLf jafTlhJ vgjhF.
iwa iy nkFl y uidf
tUwJ. mij mJ ijakhf afl vnfh
MfhF
MLnghJ akD ltu khlh vW brhdh.
bgfSF mfgL ld vnw Twyh.
mjF bgajh eif vW vLJ fhLwh.
bgfSF guz rkJt

MQF bg rkbkW ghoa ghu, jh vGa
fLiufY fUij tWj jafiy.
bgf jkF Ugkhdtiu kzJ bfhsyh. thf
fztDF bgf moikiy. cJiz
UD,
bgUghY
Ljiyf
MfSnf uh#f Rju yhk Uif

bgfSF mJ ntL vg gaiy vW TW
ghu jHUF Rauh{a iljh bgfSF uh#hf
cikf mta gF bfhLf ntL vwh. mtuJ
jidf gy W eilKiwah Ugij eh
fTlhf fhzyh.,
thifF CWnfh. jid kwJ bgfis brF
w ehLfYs bgf iyia kLk e
khLfshf ghngh xU wjh; gR jiyaizahf
eho gila ehffid vLJT bgfl
54
lhl nrnah
55
zit Lwh. moikgLJ fztlnj
fW bfhLfhj njrij njr vW brhYj jfhJ.
tUkhW Tw brhwh, ghu. mJ, eh vyh
mJ kj rhRf To thG jhukhd RLfhL MF
tiffY cdF rkkhf tht cdF rkj
vW T nja fia tWJwh.
Ujh cDl thnt. yhlh, W uh
rh ngj nehjfis mfw
rika bra khnl. vdF ntoaij g W

bfhoUgn. cdF nrhW nghlkhnl. moJ
btna jdh ujh lJ rhnt. j L
vDilaJ. ijL btnaw khnl (g. 258-259)
vgjhF. thW bgfis jkj bra
rh fis g TWnghJ, mJ xbthU

lY xbthU jkhf Ugij vLJ fhLwh.
fhZu J uh#h. Mdh mF Kf mf.
nkY, mFs Jf midtU uhkz. kakiyF
mUYs fhfuh yh uhkziu fhoY
Lwh.
aUF k mf. Ubent yh fgsJ

bgf Kndwnk M rKjha tsu t, bg
Ljiyna e k Ljiy nghw gy jidfis
kf kd ijjt ghu.
ehaf rhia nrj y #jhf Ujd.

tfsJ fahzny jh fLnghJ uhkz
tuTlhJ. tjh, mJ mgrFz; moJ Ju
nja f
Lthf vwh.
njr vgJ FLgf bjhF. FLgf
nkY, ehF tifahd tzfis g ntj
fdh catila ntL vwh ghu. f
rhu TWtdtiw sFwh. j rhuf
Kiwia g TWnghJ, nja f vw xiw
Taj t elgnd, Ugtnd mtUzjtdhth.
bjhl m j ghiia Kakhf bfhshJ
mtif yfzf yhjtf mtiw bgw Ka
cgghi vd bfhtJ njakhfhJ vwh.
bra ntL; cikahfnt rhngjkw rkJt
njr ghina ujhd vgJ nja f Mjhu

bfhif vwh. njr ghi jiHna Kj fUahf
VgLj ntL vW TWwh.
bghU , ma, aa, ifbjh, ru ga

midJ
ghlfS
jhgdnk xnu t vwh.

Rauh{a iljh rlrigf vyh rh
fj, w ehL tuyhW, rhu, kj go,

Kjyhd
bfhif bt bgw ntLkhdh mjF Rauh{a
bkhnyna
gWf ntL vwh. thwhd nja f
nkjhfS fyUghf. vdnt, mj _y rkJt

bfhifia W lyh. wF r_f thY
mbfhif jhnd guL vW TWwh.
ghu jid t, W Rauh{a ilJ vyh
56
lhl nrnah
57
rh nkjhfS rlrig mkU iy tJlJ.
vwh. ij LJ gFg th lntL vw
Mdh, mt Ta rkJt bfhif kL W
fUJl jlid br mfhu kjDF iy
VglhJsjid fhzyh. rhngj nehjf vW
vwh.
t Tajnfg, mt fhyUJ ntWgl rhngj
Fw neuhUgjfhd tKiwfshf ghu, ViHia
nghuhlf W bjhltJ fTL.
gzfhudhFj,
tUfhy tskila Kaj
_lDF go brh bfhLj, afis
cyf vts ukhf khbfhL tUwJ

vgjid vLJ TW ghu, eh D mg
brafY UgfY <LgL lg gaiy
vwh.
ViHahFj,
foahs Koahjtid uj nghLj, caj gj

Ungh vbghGJ ahaijna brJ fhLj
Kjyhdtiw TWwh. vgJ ViH, gzfhu vw
ntWgho
midtUF
bghJthd
xwhf
mikantL vgij tWJwh.
e ehil tsgLj mt TW t ma ehLfSF

brYj,
nguhirfhuid
tjf
brnthiu
khztfis
bjhyhsfis kj
ekJ
Kjyh, bjhyh vw ghFghL ekJ ehoF J.
bjhfSF fiyfSF btehLf Vuhskhd
Mdh, e ehoY mJ fhyo itf bjhl lJ. J
cjf
ehil
Inuha bjh KiwikfS bfhiffS eKila
Uaila brayh vwh. ij nghnw
njr gutjh VgL aikahj is vwh.
khztf btehLf brW f, fiyfis fW e
Inuhgh
ehil caj Utu ntL vwh.
fhzgL fUJ ntWghLfis vLJT, e eho
maehLfSF
brYkhW
ilF.
mjid
tWJwh.
bgW
nwh t TaJ jiyHhf khsij fhz

KowJ. btehoF f, fiyfis kL ntiy
njo wgLtnj mfkh lJ. f, fiyfis
bteho fwtU mj _y e ehil ts nrf
KaYtiy. iy khwntL.
Fwthfis kj
bjhyhsf,
Kjyhf
il
mjifa iy VglTlhJ vwh. mjfhf, bjhyh,

Kjyh Utiu fyJ ng kdjhgfis Fj,
bjhyhsfis Kjyhf l elJtij jLJ
WJj,
bjh
bgUikia
aikahj
jikfis midJ kfS mkhW brj Kjyhd

tKiwfis Ro brwh.
jKila fhafis iwntWjny bjhyh
Fw brj kjid U mt Fw
MkhF <rdh fgl flis vW fUJ gy
brahjgo mY xGfY nkgl tfhl ntL
Kjyhf vzij khw ntL. au nghnw
58
lhl nrnah
59
bjhyhsfis idwhf. fUJ khw
ntL. mJ, y brtf vflUJ vfSila
ntL; bjhyhsfis kf ntL vwh.
Fwiy. f midtU ujuyh czdh gL
yh cz jj
fZlfis mjdh cfSF VgL nghuhl-
yh czTlhJ vW tWJ ghu,
fis eh mnth.
fUij vthW brayhFtJ vW TWwh. yh
Mfhu mrij Ftjfhf vf yU cf
cz cgtiu thF tjgo itjh, mtfSF
yU To bjh thf rf vw xW mikf
eJjh
cgij
ntL. gbjh, cz, U, br Kjat
Wjkhlhf. Mfnt mtfl yh czTlhJ
ts bjhf j uhk eilbgw ntL.
vgjfhd
dh jFilat vW, rfjh khd brt.
nfhg
tUnkbaha
ahafis
yh
vLJT
fhUaij
(ufij) gWkhW ntLj eyJ vwh.
mjgo eh ntiy brantL vgjhF.
MLfS nfhfS nfhf g bfhLF
thW f tWik xWik VgL uz ey
fit fowh. Wahf ghu TWtJ, jehL
clhF. thW btail jid cyfjh
#d jiytfns cf fh J nfhoju ekfhu
vnyhU ifbfhL eikailthf vW rKjha
brnw. kh[ gBzij WJtjF t brf
tsu tfhLwh.
vgjhF.
w fiyfis j nrj
rkJt rKjhaij clhf
w ehLfYs rhufis j vGj ntL
rh ngjfis xf ntL vgJ nghynt
vw Kaah j y f bkh bgaf
brtij Fj ntWikfis yhk brJ
gLsd. Ka nknkY tsuntL vwh
lntL vw bfhif cy f ukhf gu
ghu. j rhu gghi vD khj gif
tUwJ.
ehL
nryUJ btlgLsij fhQ ghu, fiy
Kaiana nkbfhs ntL vwh. nkY,
brhfis bfhL btahd mjiH ghuhLwh.
fyffS, jfS rkhjhd be jid
nkY mJ j tuhjJ FJ tU, u jgF
nkbfhS tKiwia FLwh. mj RUf
xW mgif btahF vwh.
jid
RofhL
ghu,
tUkhW :
y cikahsf rkjgo mtf uahf
xUt W uhkjtfl uhlz brJ bfhLf
fiy brhfis gghi vW FL ghu,

fiybrhfis nrfgjfhd tia vLJ
TWwh.
60
ciueilia tsj
lhl nrnah
61
miltjfhd jidfshfnt csd. fLiufis va
Toatiu ngRtJ nghynt vGJtJjh cjk
ciueil mikJsh. jdJ fUJfSF tYL
vwh. trdeilia g t, cs neik
tif UFw, njthu Kjyhd gy ya ghlfis
ijaK Ujh, if wF jhdhfnt neuhd vGJ vGJ.
vLJTWwh.
ija yhlh trd jshL. rokhL nghy
y fLiuf fijfis nghW mikJsd.
Xl tJ gLJbfhS. thiy oJbfhL
fijf vwh bghGJnghfy. mY jidia
vts UdhY vGUfhJ vW TWwh. thW
L fUJf mikJsd. cjhuzkhf Xeh
mtfhynj njhw bgUj trdeilia kf
Leh vw fLiuia Twyh. fhoF tU
k gutyhFtjF KaW tfhoahf sFwh.
Lehia
Kndh fhoa ehF bef
MirgLwJ. L eh moik thifia
mw, bghU, g, L tiw Kndhf fhoa

ehF befshf ghu sFwh. mw vgJ flik. mJ
cdF c RwjhUF wUF brYjntoaJ.
mUJ jtwTlhJ vwh. bghU vgJ brt,
ghJ,
Xeh
mijnghynt
thH
mjJ mJ xUtUila Midgo tunth nghfnth

cznth cwfnth ky#y ffnth rkJ Ugt
kfh rdh UfntL vW TWtjhf fijia
mikJsh. jt mfhy ya ma
y, fiy, f it iwUjyhF. itfis
moik th mij wJoj Rjju th kiwKfkhf
nrjny kjDF <r oUF ulhtJ flis
btgLwJ. thW midJ fLiufS ey gy
vwh.
jidfis vLJ TWtjhf mikJsd.
g vgJ a bghUfSl c fyJ gJ.
bjhFiu
mjifa gfbsyh ewhf mikgo guhr
kj rKjha jikf nkgl jkj nkgl
cdF mUth vwh. L vgJ gukhkhl
ntL. jkj nkghL vgJ mtdJ mf, w vd
m fyJ gJ. L vgjF Ljiy vgJ bghU.
U iyfY mikantL. ghu j U iyfY
nkTa mw, bghU, g vw _W iwnta
kj nkghlila gy tfis TWwh.
bgnahF <r jhdhfnt Liy mUth vwh.
bjhF w
jkj Kndwnk rKjha Kndw. jkj

xGf, eif, jsuhKa, _lg Kjyhdtiw
ghu fLiuf xbthW xU jidia
Twyh. rKjha nkghlila bg Ljiy, nja
jUtjhf mikJsJ. it midJ rKjha nkghL
fia cUthFj, w fiyfis j nrj,
62
lhl nrnah
63
ehLtskila KaYj, rkJt rKjhaij cUthFj

nghw gy jidfis vLJiuJsh.
brh J<w fhgh vtbfhnyh
5. kfhf ghu rKjha jidf
tbrh tHF tJ?

(UFw 99)
nguha v. cuhg
vD FwSzf bfhLikfis foF lJ
j nguha kW Jiw jiyt,

mP mzh muR fiyf, brahW.
tbrh Twhjt. bfhLikdh vG Jgfis s

mJ fHhUf nto gt. t jidf W
gwToa xwhf ftij fLiu t mayh.
tiw xbthU jkjD g kjFy nkghL
KDiu
Ugjh whL gytif rhjid gilj ML.
mila Kanth! thf khDl!
r_f z, rka xWik nghwtiw VgLa
gagLa f :
ML. yaY Jikf Fjgl ML.
1.
ghuah fLiuf, . Ruka ghuah, thd ggf, . ef,

brid - 600 017. 2M g 1986.
2. j ngufuh (Lexicon) brid gfiyfHf, brid - 5.

3. ah jfhy jHfuh, Uth, brid - 41.
j ya gy a jidfis j ya
gilfsh tHa gy fPf njha whL.
mj fPf jiyKiw Kjtdhf,
_jtdhf thiHao thiHahf tj kwt Tl
xUtdhf njhat ghu. bfhoUj j
r_fij j fij rhilah moJ vGat,
ghu. a eho ko lj r_f rHFfis,
rlFfis fukhf rhoat.
bg Ljiy ghu
kj r_f fbgU mfkh sF bg
dij xJ itJL r_f Kndw KoahJ. vj
eho bg d bgwiynah mj ehL
Kndw ayhJ. bjhlf fhy bg d gntW
wikfis bgW wl thUjJ. il tj
64
lhl nrnah
65
r_f khWghLfsh bgd ml xLfglJ.
mij bghJ itngh vW ufukhd jidia
mtf KndwJF gntW r_f yFf
btgLdh. f bfhif MQbfhU
jilfshf mikjd. cikf LF mil
bgQbfhU vW Ugij Kj rhoat
gL jf czfis xLbfhL thjd. xU
ghuna. gntW tifY bgf thf ngr
Git nghy bga eljglJ. r_f Ljiy
gLtij, eljgLtij fL ntjidgl ghu,
bgw ntLbk bgdK Ljiy bgw ntL

vg cWahf Ujh.
khj jik br klikia bfhSJnth.

vW Mntrkhf TWwh. j klikf Xus
il Vgl r_f khwfsh bgd
xjhY KY xjjhf Tw Koaiy. j
d miljJ vgij ilny gl iy fO,
klikfis xf a r_f u r_f wgl ntL.
jF ehbkhU goUnghnkh? vW TWwh.

bgfis wikf fhuzkhf caj ntL.
mtfSF cs wikfis flJ mij mila
thf VgL juntL. wikfis bgf
mjnfg j eil, nebfhl ghit,

j Phd brUF, vij J KobtLF neuhd
ghit bgdF ntL vwh ghu.
vlh r_f mtf nkiy vj Ko
rhj gilf brLnth bjt
vgij,
rh gilf brLnth...
wikah F nkiy nrnth;

a gil ff njngh.
vW TWwh.
vW
TWtUJ
yw
flikfis
MW
bghW bgfSF cL vgij tWJwh.

fhjbyhUtid ifonj mt fha ahD
ifbfhLJ vW TWtUJ fztndhL izJ
gHfhy bgfSF iHfgl ffis

nghf ntL vW FLwh. f, bfhif vgJ
e a ggho wj X lij bgWwJ.
a yaf ij tW ngRwd. j
bfhif bgdF kLnk KaJt ju
gLwJ. mtf jf f iy UJ jtdh
yw flikfis MWt bgd wghf <Lgl

ntL vgij tWJwh. ghu TW bg
rKjha Ljiy fUJf gghnlhL Toa Jik
bgdij cUthf ntL vgnj MF.
tWik ghu
gytif g brhfis Vf ntosJ. Jik
tWik vgJ rKjha oUF xU nehahF.
jidfis gilj ghu, j iyia fL JoJ
J ghu fhy f mfkhfnt ghjJ. r_f
nghwh. f iybaW brhy tjh U fF
Vw jhf ViH gzfhu vw ntWghLf kJ
66
lhl nrnah
67
fhzgld. ciHF Vw Ca tHfgliy.
brhy bfhFjlh ber; btW
Vik jiyJ MoaJ. kj c njitfshd
nrhWnfh tjJ j gr...
cz, cil, Ul nghwitTl ilfiy.

ij fl ghu kd bghUdh.
vW ntjidah mt fij tf btgld.

kj czit kj gF tHf cnlh
j xUtDF cz iy v
vW ghu Vw jhf mw tWik a xU r_f
b#fid mLnth...
cUthf ntL vg cWahf Ujh.
vW cz ilfhj iyia czJ ghu kd

bfhjJ. vnyhU vyh bgw ntL vw jJtij
cHbjh ga jidf
mt fij kd ntjidah btgLaJ. xU
RHW VdJ cyf mjdh
kjTl cz gah thlTlhJ vgij
cHJ cHnt jiy...
fU bfhnl mthW Mntrkh wgL tjJ. mt
vw tSt Tzf j cyf cH bjhiy
fij tf. xUtDF cz ilfiy vwhY,
mjF fhuzkhdtfis jof ntL vg mt
ciHfY jiyahdJ vgij czj ghu
fkh Ujh. tWik V VgLwJ? mjfhd
cHbjh g j fij wghf FLwh.
fhuz vd? vgij mahk kf thwhf

vgij v ghu ber bfhjJ. fhuz
fhaiy vgjnfg vj braY V elwJ
UwJ.
cHt
ciHjh
vyh
cHF bjhYF tjid brnth

cL fUnghiu jid brnth...
vgij czuhk e njr kf mahik J
vW TWwh. cHbjh tsjhjh j ehL
lwnu vW ntjidgl ghu,
ca mila Ko vW ghu cWah Ujh.
f Fogjyh - mj
fhuzf it vD myh...
vW j fij tfsh rhodh.
khL fo ngh mojh khshJ vW v ahid
rh x ghu gF
xWgL thj kj dij bjhf
mogil J itjJ xU Tl. J gogoah
tsJ rKjahij fiuahfngh mJ mJ
fo ngh moj j eho cz gr Vglij
bfhL
UwJ.
r_f
xL
bkhj
v ntjidgLwh, ghu. btisfhuf
KndwF KLfilah sFtJ j rh
Rul nghfh j eho nrhWF gr tjJ
ghFghL. ij xg monahL mg ghu u
vgij v ntjidgl ghu,
fhodh.
68
lhl nrnah
69
neh miwTt lh. bfhLikia vJ vW
Fy jh ca brhy ght...
vW mJ xU ghtbra vW Tdh. jh kfis
Ta ghu, mtiw vgjF kd cW ntL
kfshf ghf ntL. ju rh th J
vwh.
ghgJ klik vW TWwh ghu. rh kjfis
Ujhjh rKjha y bfhLikfis mJ xf
ghnuh vW TW ghu, eh rillhY vnyhU
Ko vW Tdh. th brh ufshf
rnfhjufns! vW TWwh.
braglh bfhLikf xahJ. be cuK ,
kd
tik,
neikahd
bfhif
neik wK , trid brhthuo! - na
X jh t wnjh jK
thbrh uuo... vW tfsh j fUJ cW
ril brjhY rnfhjuunwh...
bgWwJ. x gilj ffis, cW bfhl
vW FLwh.
beir cila isPfshjh j r_fij kh
kjf Vwjhf iy; midtiu

rrkkh ghf ntL vgij ghu,
mikf Ko vgij ghu czJ Ujh.

vdntjh,
vyhU XFy vyhU nkhd
xgilj fdh th th th
vyhU a kf
cWbfhl bedh th th th
vyhU Xiw vyhU Xiy
bj bgw kdh th th th...
vyhU ehL kd.
vW isPfis xU r_f khwfhf miHjt ghu.
vW TWwh.
njitf D J liy. ghu miH
r_f mrf
iwF njitgLwJ. vdnt r_f khwf fH
r_f W gtifahd mrf fhzgLwd.

r_f
eilbgWw
bfhLikfis
fLTl
kf mtiw vf J thwd. j
iyikfis fL ghu kd ntjidglJ.
m m rhth t
mrhj bghUiy mtny...
vW, j ehL kf vf ntoatiwTl vf
kd J thwhfns vW kd btJdh.
mr j vW uL brhf isa rKjhadiu
ntLkhdh kd cW m bj bgw
isPfshjh Ko.
ghu r_f ghit ghu fhynjhL kL
W Ltiy. mJ fhy flJ thJ bfhLjh
UwJ. r_f UFtiu ghu r_f jidf
njitgL bfhnljh UF. r_f khwf fH
ghu jidfis kd nj bragL r_f
khwfis fJnth.
70
lhl nrnah
71
a MNo gntW fUJfis ijJ

itJsh Jik fP ghuah. MNo vgnj
FHijf J bfhS tz ghL va bkh
6. MSik tsF a MNo
bjhljh! mj vikY ikia, Jikia,
Kidt nrnah
ghuah! kj cfis kLk, midJ cfis
kW bray, kiy UtSt j rf, brid.
mir bghUfis, mirah bghUfis jKila
uia Fat LJ f ghotj yh kfhf
cwdfshf ngh ghJfhf ntL vgij ghl
1. KDiu
t czat fKuR ghuah.
njrij bjtij U ff vd ngh,
fhif FU vf #h!
ekF bjh fij
flY kiy vf Tl!
ehoF ciHj
nehF lbkyh ehk ntiy!
ik bghGJ nruhUj!
nehf nehf fahl!!
vD caa neh thJ fhoatjh kfhf
kj neaij fhgJl khDl nghW kfjhd
Ruka ghuah. mitah MNo MJ,
fUJfis cJzU tif a MNoia
njhJ, cfUij czJ mnj to Jik
ghoat ghnj rhu ghuah! khDl nghW kfjhd
jidfis fhyF Vg cslfkhf bfhL
gF MSik ts mogil njit vgij czU
kfhf ghoaJjh a MNo! Rs
tz gtif MSik ts gfis giwrhW
fUJfis, eilKiw cikfis, rKjha
tif a MNo ghosh khDl nghW
KnghF jidfis, ijgjfhd mj fiy
kfhf ghuah! a MNo fY mJiz MSik
totnk MNo vgij czJ ghuah ghoaj
ts gfis J TWtnj j fLiu
isnt a MNo! j, My, , rkUj
nehf!
Kjyhd bkhfSl fj, tuyhW, a, ma

vd gntW tifahd ghl Rikfis bfhl isf
2. MSik ts
kd ga itgjF, a itgjF id
jkj tsna rKjha tsF kyF,
bfhL brhy itgjF bragLJtjF cw
vGF VwF, jh sFwJ. mjF
totnk xU brhbwhl czJ a MNo!
mogilah Mjhu RUah ftJ MSik ts
72
lhl nrnah
73
gna! xbthUtU ne jidl sik
bfhLJ ne jidfis tsf brJ, wj
Kjbfhnl FnahL benahL, lL, yF
brafis bra Ltnj MSik ts g
fis zJ, CfJlD, cntfJlD mauhJ
MF.
ciHjh KGikahd MSik ts bgw, gndhF

wf rhnwhfsh gzg! mjifnahiuna
bjtyt UtStU, mUshsfS, MnwhfS,
mPfS, khDl nkghL jidahsfS rhnwh,
cyfjh vd nghWwd.
(UFw 850)
brYJtnj kj caj gghF. Xu Kj Ij

gilj midJ cflJ yhj xU bgUw
gFjit bgUj MF. mj gFjjh
kj vzf, Vff, vGf, braf,
gilghw, gw Kjyhdtiw tsf Jizahf
<wh gfhgh MD braf

rhnwh gF id.
m vW bghU. midJ cflJ m
kjl UwJ vwh, mJ MwhtJ mthd
cyfjh cLvgJ vgh itaJ

myifah itf gL.
kjnea ftnd kj Mth. nea vwh
(UFw 656)
UwJ. kj j bk, th, f, _F, br Ma

Ibghf t kdnghd ngh yfis jLJ,
MS tsuQ; m tsuQ
bry lhk ikUJ y et MW
mJjhlh ts!
gLJtnj m.
vgh rKjha Uj fP, ghLnfhil

ntj gLnfhil fahzRju!
MSik vD brhyh Fj bghU fJ.
brw ljh brylh Jx

egh cgJ m.
MSik - M + cik mjhtJ cik + M! vW czJ
fiz eghnj! cid VkhW!
bghUik f
cid VkhW fhQ njhw!
brhny MSik! cik - cid
MStnj MSik! mj MSik xUKf tsahf
mit e! cs bjthF!
kLyhk gKfkhf gntW wfis bgW
cid milahs fhL!
sFtnj MSik ts MF.
(UFw 422)
vgJ iu irfP kUjfh iuglghl MF.
xU kj vgo elJ bfhwh, czwh,
M! eik eknf milahs fhL Mw bgwJ m.
vQwh, bragLwh vgij csa Kiwgo
mj mid MSik tsF vj msF
MuhJ mt iwFiwfis dfL, Rofho,
gagLjyh vgij thf sfkhf fW
czubrJ, CfgL, cntf_o, cqf
bfhLgJjh MSik ts g !
74
Ibgh M bfh!
(a MNo - 9)
bjt vW cz!
(a MNo - 48)
lhl nrnah
75
3. MSik ts mogil TWf :

MSik tsia KGikahf bgw ntLbkwh
vwh Jik fP ghuah. Ibjh vgJ vij
mjF KGikahd, Kiwahd g njit. mj gia
FwJ? bk, th, f, _F, br Ma Ibgh t
illhJ bjhlJ brjh gKf gfis
ygL yf. mjhtJ czj, ngRj, ghj, Efj,
bfhl MSik ts bgw KG kjfshf, Mknea
nfl Ma IJ bjhfis br Mw cD
f mfsafshf xJ jdF kL j
UwJ.
FLgdUF, cwh cwdfSF, egfSF,
iwt ntbwF iy. c csh. na

bghyfis
aF
iwt
vgij
_nw
brhf bkhahf xnu t brhsh kfhf.

cid czJ bfh (Know Thyself) vwJ gft ij!
rKjhaF, ehoF, cyF cw bjhlhW

nrit brkfshf, rhjid rfutfshf u Ko.
mjifa gKf gafis tHfty MSik ts
mogil TWf tUkhW:
1. kdiy (Attitude)
cid mjh -
2. brhtik (Effective Communication)
cid mjh cyf nghuhlyh!

vgh faur fzjhr.
3. fhy nkyhik (Time Management)
cs cshdO! - mij
4. bjhiy nehF (Visualization)
czu ntLko!
5. yF zj (Goal Setting)
cs fhgh v
6. cqf (Motivation)
nfh cns fhghaO!

vgh fk. vdnt, eh xbthUtU fl vgij
7. kd mGj nkyhik (Stress Management)
czJ fl vgo khDl nghw mUthnuh mgo
8. bgUj (Self Esteem)
khDl nghw, itaf tsnjhf eh xbthUtU

ghLgl ntL.
mJnt MSik ts bgwjF milahs vgij
cJzu brJs kfhf ghuah a MNo
gKiw
goJ
gwjfJ.
fjfJ;
ehS
goJ
9. clig tsj (Physical Development)

10. jiyik g (Leadership Quality)
j gJ MSik ts TWfis cJzu
br tz kfhf ghuah a MNo
gkwJ vwh mJ ifanw!
76
3.1. kdiy (Attitude)
lhl nrnah
77
ngah cHy W kdnk!

ngzh vbrh WKj!
mtut kdiyF Vg U btWf ntWgL.

mtut vzfSF Vg braf tot bgW. vdnt
ah xW brahnj!
dJ jiyt ahnd fh!
eyijna vQ kdiyia tsJ bfhs ntL.

eyij id! myij idfhnj vg Mnwh. y
jhah r jhY
vaij Kofhk f khlhf. y vaij

bra totkhfhk jo fghf, ehis brnth
jUk vdah ciugY

Xahnj W ciHLth
vW xitghf - ehis flJthf. idgJ

xwhf elgJ xwhf UF. kdiy xU iy
UfhJ. rydJlD, rryJlD gjF. gugu,
ciunj ml cah!
jidna bjtyt UtSt,
gjlK fbfhL jikjhnk behJ bfht.
brw ljh brylh Jx
Vbd
egh cgJ m.
kd
xU
FuF
vW
tUJsd
csayhsf. mj FuF kdij Fufho

Fuid gH g bfhLJ mt brhgo
nfL bragl itJ gnyh Kiy gtif
ijfis fhl brJ ghuhil bgWth. mnjngh
vgh.
kdiyia tsF tz kfhf ghos a
MNo gfU bkhf tUkhW :
eh xbthUtU e kdkha Fuid gHFtjF
1.
Fufhongh Ka vLJ e kd FuF g
2. Mik jtnw!
mf Ko. mjF Fufho if UF
3. vQtJ ca!
bfhngh ekF gagLtJ m MF. kdij m

t bragl itgJ ff fod. kdF mF
mr j!
4. fwJ xGF!
mofo nghuhl elF. m kd bt bgwh
5. nHhF mnr!
mtwtfshf, cztrgltfshf ik br
6. nfh ifbfhL th!
atfshf Mnth. khwhf m bt bgwh
7. Wnth W!
mPfshf, m tagltfshf eikna br

eytfshf, tytfshf Mnth. jid kfhf
(UFw 422)
8. nea fhj br!
Ruka ghuah f mjkhf e kd g
9. bjt vW cz!
tz ghosh.
10. eW fUJ!
78
nkTa kfhf gJ bkhfSF sf
lhl nrnah
79
4. gho m br!
njit iy. tiw kd ga itjhny a kdiy
5. btow ngR!
tsU; nejidf bgUF; ait mfY; eyit
6. eW fUJ!
elL; njh njhW nghF; bt thif NL!
7. g!
3.2. brhtik (Effective Communication)
8. ru nj bfh!
bja cfis (Mass Communication Techniques)

ifahL, jFj fUfis gagL nfngh,
ghngh, gongh ftdij <J, mtj
jidia bjhL tif wghf vLJiuF
fiyFjh brhtik vW bga.
9. ad U!
10. bky bjJ brh!
xUfUijKiwahfKGikahf,bghUij
VglhkY, gntW judU U nfF tifY
jFj cfis ifahL, njitahd fUfis
brhtik FJ bjtyt gJ Fwghf
gagL, va a eil vLJiuf tytnd
ghFl ghosh. xU kjDF uj Xl vgo
brhyty (Effective Communicator) Mth. jifa
Ka
wKilat
nrhg
jkjDF, WtdJF njit. Wbjh Kj
ftdhf,
mrh
bga bjhrhiy tiu vj g brjhY mj g
tYedhf, kf ey nghWgtdhf Uf ntL.
g thf brhY Mw mjid ehnjhW brJ
mjifa w gilj brhytyt bjF
bfhoUF bjhyhF njit. Wtd nkyhik
fUJfisna midtU nfL bragLt. V
aFe kW jiytUF njit. bkhj mUshs,
murhfK, j cyfK mt brhtij brJ D
bghUshs,
vd bra ntL vw ntzthl fhJ F
njitnah
mgo
Mahs,
brhtik
fahs,
bjhl,
Efnth Kjyhd midJju kfSF f

aik njit brhtik w (ECS).
jifa brhtikia tsF tz kfhf
ghos a MNo bkhf tUkhW :
1.
irif bghUSz!
2. brhtJ bjJ brh!

3. negl ngR!
mwtdhf,
beddhf,
RWRW
bkha
vgh bjtyt UtSt.

brhyty nrhy mrh mtid
fbty ahF mJ.
(UFw 647)
iuJbjh nfF Phy uJ

brhYj tyh bg.
kj
ngRtjF
(UFw 646)
JiztJ
th.
mY
wlij bgWtd ehF, gY, cjL MF.
80
lhl nrnah
81
_id xfis vG xghf vW
Kjyhdit llgo Fj neu bjhl Kof
ciug bkh tYef. mt bgU gid
KgLnghJ gy ff cUthF. mj ffis Fj
tgJ ehF. ehF tisJ beJ, koJ, K brW
ftdJlD, lD, bghWlD jJ Fj
xfis vG Mw bgwJ. ehF cz Ritia
fhy vLj gia KoF wikiajh fhy
cztjF gagLtJl brhfis crgjF
nkyhik vW csa tyh tiuaWg. jkj
bgJ cjwJ. mnj ngh brhtikF gY, cjL
KndwF kL FG, Wtd, r_f, ehL
Jizwd.
KndwF fhy nkyhik f njit.
cznt kUJ vg e Kndh. czit ca
jid mjj FG, Wtd, r_f kW ehL
neu njitahd ms clhny neh tuhk fhfyh.
jiytf cWl nkbfhlh ca cW. mjifa
mnjngh rj cz (Balanced Diet) cz ntL.
fhynkyhikia wDl ifahlh MSik ts
cz a Rit fL mjid czyh vwh
bgW. mjt cait milaKo.
kfhf. bghGJ eilKiw cz jahY,

RitY, gkhwY vjidnah khwf fwd.
mjifa Jikia tuntf ntL vwh. cz
cQnghJ ntf TlhJ. gugunghL czTlhJ.
khwhf bkJthf bkW RitJ cz ntL. mgo
neu jtwhk, rj czit RitJ gtif
ffis
njitnfg
fhynfg
clh
siknyna KJik tuhk ghJfhfyh vgij

czJ tz _DF l bfhnl vwh. nj
ad U vD bkh _y xbthU
dho Jikia J bragl ntL vwh,
kfhf. xbthU dho iy fJ. gy a
isfis f bragLj ttFgJ. mJnt
KndwF tsF gofyhf sF vgij
czJ tz Jik nj vwh, u fP
ghujhr. mY njbjLJ bragl ntL vgJ
FljfJ. fhy fU lbjhL bghU brjh
idgJ Ko vwh, kfhf ghuah!
fUid ghntjU Tsh.
3.3. fhy nkyhik (Time Management)

fhy bghdhdJ. MSik ts gf f
aikahjJ fhy nghWjyhF. vj braiy
Fj neu bjhl ll fhy Kof
1.
fhy mna!
2. nrhljid f!
3. PhW nghW!
4. jtid j?
ntL. j kj xU braiy Fj neu
5. ehbsyh id br!
bjhl Kofyh. mnj neu xU FG, xU Wtd
6. Hnl!
82
lhl nrnah
83
7. bgD bgJ bfh!
bjhiynehF w jhf sFwJ. bjhiynehF
8. nk nghW!
wid tsgjF fd fhQ gilghw wD

(Creative Skill) Jik fhQ wD (Innovative Skill) Ka
9. khd nghW!
njitfshF. mtiw miltjF ilawhj ciH,
10. idgJ Ko!
xUj jid, jsuhj cW, jahj mnjlY,
gf bghGij nghf TlhJ. khwhf gf

KGtJ zhfhk ntiy bra ntL vgij,
ehbsyh id br! vgj _y tWsh.
ehnjhW ahd bra ntL. mJ cl tsF
kLk, kd tsF, eyF Jiz br. nkY,
Jik gilF gilghwY, bjG njit.

jid
kfhf
ghuah
TUgJ ghuhoFaJ.
1.
RWRWig tsF vgij czJ tz jtid
2. bjhikF mnr!
j vwh, kfhf.
3. idgJ Ko!
3.4. bjhiy nehFw (Visualisation)
4. gzid bgUF!
rhjidahsDF
aikahjJ
bjhiynehFw. wj milatf d fH
ijaiy ca brh!
5. ad U!
6. ntjJik br!
Ugij Kdnu CJ czt tytuh Ug.
7. jtny nj bfh!
myhjtfSF mjifa w UfhJ vgh
8. g!
brehnghjh UtSt.
9. vQtJ ca!
10. eW fUJ!
milah MtJ mth myh

(UFw 427)
m~j fyh jt.
ghlf
ghosh. m Fghf mtj a MNo
kd mGjF il bfhLJ kd nrhit mf
xbthU
gntW
mthw vfhyij CJ m Mwiy
3.5. yF zj (Goal Setting)

bjhiynehF
wdh
fhQ
fdfis
mwJ. mJnt vfhy ga fd fhz itwJ.
edthFtjF gntW goiyfshf gagLtd
xid ga Mj jid, mjid MJ MJ
yFf (Goals)! yF vwh Fnfh vW bghU.
mj fhuz fhafis gFJzJ mjt bgW ey
Fnfh bfnl vgh Uehfur. mtut
lf khDl nkghoF bgJ gagL. mthW
vzF, vGF, fgid MwYF, ciHF,
khDl
CfF, Vg Fnfh ntWgL.
nghW
khbgU
rhjid
fJtjF
84
(UFw 467)
mjF kfhf ghuah a MNo bkhf

bgJ cjwd.
va vahF vJg vah

a Mf bg.
85
gdh yFfis vo yaij milayh.
v Jf fUk Jj
vQt vgJ GF..
lhl nrnah
(UFw 666)
3.6. cqf (Motivation)
fdfS fgidfS, UgfS btfS
kdF cs, ij, ber, Uja, j, mf
Mirdh istd. MirgLt jtiy. cgY,
vd gy bgaf cL. wkd, eLkd, mfkd vW
cwFtY, cLgY, bfhS Mir gogY,
kdij _tifahf gFg csa tYef. kdnghd
gHFtY, g bgWtY, yF zgY (Goal
nghbfyh nghf ntlh vW cyf ghoa cyfehj
Settings) mjid miljY <Lglh mj Mir cWahf
TWtJ, kd xU FuF; kj kd xU FuF vW
iwntW. bghJthf Mirf bgUghY gydkhfnt
faur fzjhr brhtJ, ngah cHY Wkdnk
UF. mtiw cWgLJtjF njitahd gf
vW kfhf ghuah ghLtJ wkdij gaJjh.
tUkhW :
knk idahf UF iyjh eLkd iy. mij
1.
ifbjh nghW!
2. ru nj bfh!
e gy eilKiw thif czUfyh. mnj

neu eh mofo, vd brtbjW bjahk
jnw. f mJ FJ fUJ brhYf! vw
3. g!
njlYl wiu ehLnth. mj njl bfhl kdjh
4. cnyhf fWbfh!
mfkd. mJnt cs vdgL. cs brhtij cjL
5. thd g bfh!
brhyhk cik wgiy vW iuglghl
6. ijaiy ca!
xF. Cid cU cbsh bgU vgh
7. ntj Jik br!

8. njrij fhj br!
Uthrf ghoa khfthrf. cs bgU nfh

vgh jhkhdt.
9. ahtiu kJ th!
kdJf khy Mj midjw
10. eW fUJ!
MFy u w.
yFfis zf Jiz br jid

gfis kfhf ghuah a MNo
ghoUgJ bgJ nghwjf xwhF. tiw
(UFw 34)
vd UtSt FF kd mfkdkhF.
cs vgjnf Cf vW bga NLth
tSt.
86
cs cilik cilik bghUSilik

yhJ L.
(UFw 592)
CfKilik mfhu cs gJ FwghfSnk

cqf (Motivation) tsF tz mikJsd. e
thif yaij mila yFfis zJ
vLtjF jhf cj cJ rahf sFtJ
cqfnk!
cqf U tifgL :
1. w cqf (External Motivation)
2. mf cqf (Internal Motivation)
1. w cqf (External Motivation)

w cqf vgJ gzjhY, gj cathY,
ghuhodhY, fdhY, btdhY istJ.
lhl nrnah
btsJ mida kyl khjj

csJ midaJ ca.
MNo bkhf gy csd.

1.
Xj x!
2. faij nl!
3. brsa jtnw!
4. Uid btW th!
5. id gFJz!
6. nfoY JJ !
7. idgJ Ko!
8. bjhikF mnr!
9. Fbwd J !
bfLoahY Cf VgL. ga, mr, Mf
10. atdngh Ka bfh!
Thoughts) isF. Mdh ne jidfis (Positive

Thoughts) isF w cqfnk MSik tsF
mojskhf mik.
2. mf cqf (Internal Motivation)
(UFw 595)
cqf tsU tz kfhf ghuah a
y neuf mRWjdhY, mlFKiwahY, mfhu

tdh bgW w cqf v jidfis (Negative
87
3.7. kdmGj nkyhik (Stress Management)

g FahY, gajhY, eifikahY,
ghJfhikahY, gF mRjyhY, bgUj
ghfgLtjhY, mik bfLtjhY kd mGj
VgLwJ. mj isthf gy nehf tUwd.
mf cqf kdiwit jU. mf cqf
Fghf g bgUgF _ Ugtf brhY
cilatf gjF, gfoF, ghuhoF, fF
thijjh kd mGj. gyUF gytif nehf
kafhJ bjhlJ CfJl ciHJ bfhoUg.
VgLtjF _ykhf Ugnj kdmGjjh vW
mJnt mtfSF bjhlj btia, iyj
kUJtfS, csa tYefS TWt. vdnt MSik
fiH nrF.
tsF jilfyhf UgJ kdmGj. mj
88
lhl nrnah
89
jilfiy gofyhFtnj kd mGj nkyhik
kdmGj nkyhikY tYefshf sFnth
aikah yfhF.
vgJ z. jF cu_o tYL tz kfhf
kd mGj, va kd mGj (Minor Stress), Mj kd

mGj (Major Stress) vd UtifgL. j Utifahd kd
ghuah a MNo bkhf csd. mit

tUkhW :
mGjfis nghFtjF mogil njit eiRit
1.
cz.
2. bfhLikia vJ !
y nkyhik aFef jdF gntW

iyf gahsf UjhY, midJ gfis
jhnk GJ nghLbfhL beLneu gnghJ
Jnghw kd mGjf Vglyh. vgo aFef
Jiw jiytf mjj Wtdfis nkyhik
bfLgJ nrh!
3. rhtjF mnr!
4. ijah beR bfh!
5. RikDF isnl!
6. nahF mnr!
brwdnuh mJnghy ehK kd mGjij nkyhik
7. Jg kwL!
bra ntL. mjfhd tf tUkhW :
8. njh fynf!
1.
9. busu gHF!
eifRit czit tsfntL.
10. btsj F!
2. _o kiwjiy jf ntL.
3.8 bgUj (Self-Esteem)
3. Fj vghid nghf ntL.

4. Fj gfis xnu neu llTlhJ.
5. gfis gyUF gjf ntL.
eik eh efJ tsJ wgnj bgUj MF.

xUt vzK, VfK Ka ciH KGikahf
bratot bgW bt LbghGJ bgUj
6. Kiwahf ll ntL.
VgLwJ. mj bgUj mtiu D gytiw
7. r jikia tsf ntL.
Mftkhf f o bragl itwJ. xUt
8. rkiy thHntL.
jDila vzK, braY btF L jdF
9. kdcW ntL.
kL gyUF gadJsJ vgij czJ
10. Jgijna gkhf ntL.
mil kna bgUj vdyh.
gJ
beKiwfis
eh
xbthUtU
bgUj FJ X mfhunk tFJ m gJ
gdh kdmGjij nghFtnjhL kL
FwghfY bgUj gntW fUJfis btntW
90
lhl nrnah
91
nfhzf gKf neh Tsh UtSt.
3. Fbwd J !
thf tSt thFgo, brtjF Koahj fodkhd
4. nfoY JJ !
brafis, br Kiw mJ wgl v brJ

Kow Mw cstnu bgUik cilat Mth
vgnj.
(UFw 26)
bgUjfhd aikah fhufis (Fators)

csa tYef goaLsd.
1.
6. brtJ JJ br!
7. vQtJ ca!
brafa brt bgah ah

brafa brfyh jh.
5. Nuiu nghW!
f wJ sf.
2. isahL, ir, ngR, eo, Xa, ifid

bghUf Kjyhd gfiyf wnjhf.
3. rhwhikahsdhf fH (Role Model).
4. bgnwh nghw thH.
5. cwh, cwd, egf nghw thj.
8. jhJ elnt!
9. khd nghW!
10. bjt vWz!
J kL D gy kfhf ghuah a
MNo
bkhf
bgUjfhd
fhufis
cJiu br.
3.9. clig tsj (Physical Development)

clig tsnjh c tsnjhnu vgh U_y.
Rt Ujhjhnd u tiua Ko. mnjngh
clUjhjhnd c af cyFF sF. cl
6. cl gahWnth ghuhLgo elj.
cWfis
7. br bjhny bjtkhf nghw.
bfhsntL. nehaw thnt Fiwtw brt.
8. MafS, tfhofS thJ tif bragl.
neh thtJ vgo? mij ewhf mJ bfhtJ
9. midtUF eif erukhf xu.
e filik bghWkhF. MSik tsF mJnt
10. eig tsJ ehy nghw thH.
ngQt
eh
Fj
mfiw
Mnt vdyh. clid cW br! vW kfhf

ghuah a MNo ghosh.
it midJ FF tifyhd kfhf ghuah

a MNo bkhfis ugl Twyh.
cliy cW brtjF ehnjhW clg

brantL. cl gtif vYf, euf, jirf
1.
<if w!
2. VWngh el!
UjhY if, fh Iyf UjhY mt y

gFf kLnk bjhlJ Fahf aFwd! gy
92
lhl nrnah
93
midJ
tytuh, nrh yhjtuh, vj fUij
cWfSF Kiwahd g bfhLjh mj
tufSl vLJ TWgtuh, FG bjh Vgo
ts xnu uhf UF. m Fghf _R g
mjid kh ctila brgtuh, juJl
f aikahjJ. clYWfSF _RF
MSw ftuh Ugtnu wj jiyt Mth.
mtF
Jiz
brwd.
cl
gaf nahfhrd, ahd gtif isahLf

Kjyhdit csd. mnjnghW idthwiy tsf,
ijia xU iygLj gy gf csd.
tiw ga bkhfis kfhf ghuah a
xU FGit, Wtdij el brY tif

jiyik gf KGtJ eF bgUgt wj
jiytdhwh. jid gfS mtl csdth
vgij kwtfS flJjh xUtid jiytdhf
Vwhf vdyh. gy To xUtid njbjLJ
MNo eh ghJ kHyh.
jiytdhFtJ kfsh Kiw. mjF j beKiwf
1.
clid cW br!
2.
isj f!
3.
Cf U!
4.
xslj Fiw!
5.
be RUnl!
Uf ntL. J wdh tUtjy. gdhY
6.
iHF l bfhnl!
KadhY tUtJ. mjF Utifahd mogil
7.
bastd fhj br!
wf (Skills) Uj ntL.
8.
%g brik br!
1. jkj w (Individual Skill)
9.
yhft g br!
2. r_fkakhd w (Socialized Skill)
10.
jtid j !
csd. mj nehF nghF ntwhF.

xbthUtU jiytdhf ntLkhdh mtfl
vjifa gf Uf ntL vgij mtnj eyJ.
xUt wj jiytdhtjF wj jiyik gf
3.10.1. jkj w
3.10. jiyik VF g (Leadership Quality)
xUt xGf caJ, m wJ, Mw
kwtfis mdh MbfhL, mthwyh
FJ Ujh kL nghjhJ. m, brh, g,
tfho, midJ brafY FGdUl jhD
f, bghWik, bghwhikik, bt~fhik, btFshik,
gnfW
Cf_o,
dh brahik, bfhyhik, mthik, fnzhl,
crhfgL, cqf (Motivation) bfhLJ gntW
bghrhthik, w brhyhik, fshik, fSzhik,
lfis bra Kiwfis sTW brhy
Lf mahik, CfKilik, Mid cilik,
FGdUF
mtnghJ
94
lhl nrnah
95
brhtik, <if, e Kjyhd egfis bgUj
9. bghUshjhuij nkgLj
ntL. idaidJ jkj wfS xUnf
10. ehL gWl ehy nghw bragLj.
thf bgw xUt jh, j kid, bgL, is, j

FLg vW j RHW Raey isjh
jiytdhf KoahJ. gogltf eho Fahf
Jiz
jiyik
1.
Ibgh M bfh!
f Fiwthf csd. khwhf r_fF, ehoF
2.
xWik tikah!
gyUF gagL tz bghJey cznthL rKjha
3.
isgy jhnf!
4.
To bjh br!
5.
nrif mna!
6.
njrij fhj br!
7.
ita jiyik bfh!
8.
ntj Jik br!
9.
Fbwd J !
10.
ijid njbjL!
glh wj jiytdhfyh.
3.10.2. r_fkakhd w (Socialized Skill)

r_f tHf (Custom of the society), r_f el (Order of the
Society) r_f (Norms of the Society) Ma _id efJ
r_fey fU mjnfw xGfyhWfis g

bfhtij r_fkakhj vg, r_fa tYef.
vdnt r_fkakhd wfis bgwtjh wj
kfhf
4. iwiu
jiytdhf Ko. r_fkakhd wf tUkhW

1.
ghuah a MNo gy bkhf Tsh.
Ugjhjh midtU ghuhLgoahd jiytf
mfiwnahL jdykw bghJey nehnfhL bra
gfis
FHijfSfhf ghgh ghoid Kj Kj ghoa
w njit mJ cjj
2. brafis MuhJ brj
kfhf ghuah, FHijf gw ntoa
3. wik mj
fUJfis FiHJ bfhLJsh a MNo!

ghuah ghoa 110 a MNo bjhlfS gJ tifahd
4. lK fhyK mJ brj
5. xU
braiy
brtjF
Vwtfis
njbjLj
6. MuhJ nkyhik brj
MuhJ
MSik ts gfis mHFw vLJiuwd

vwh,
mJ
khztfS,
ifaW.
f
caiy
khztfS,
ntiyyh
gljhfS, ntiy ghJ bfhoUF isPfS,
7. r_f ts lfis bragLj
rhf idF midtUnk MSik tsfhd
8. ik, gK EgK bfhoUj
gia bgw Mufz brytJ fwhf.
96
lhl nrnah
97
MSik ts gfis f va a eil
myth? mj isth ekJ ghuj Uehoid
czJ MNoia g gUtny f ewhf
ghbfyh yfkhf u brayh myth!
fU fW eilKiw th g Ujh,
MSik ts gfhf Mufz bry
brtij jfyh myth?
MY ntY gYF cW!

ehY uL brhYF cW!
ghY njD CDF cW!
fhiy vGj cl go -
f bfhLF ey ghL!
khiy KGJ isahL - ij
tHfgL bfhS ghgh!
j ghl MSik ts mltiz (Personality
Development Chart) jahf bgUJiz vdyh!
UF lij L
yhj l njo! vbfnfh
miywh Phd jfnk!
vd ghLt. mJnghW el cs mitah
MNo, ghuah a MNo, ghujhr MNo,
UtSt MNo Kjyhdit czJ MSik
tsfhd mKj bkhfis fU ffhjjh w
ehL mPf fUJfis ehonjo XLnwh.
w ehL mPf fUJfis Vg jtwy.
ejHh brj mPf Ta fUJfis w
jshk, Jzl fU fW, eilKiw
gLdh bjG, J ky bgW fnth
ntY kY cUF cW!

ghu ghL ehLF cW!!
a MNo MSikF cW!!!
98
lhl nrnah
99
ekF bjh fij

ehoFiHj
ik bghGJ nrhuhJ
7. ghu bjhiy nehF ghit

Kidt cyfeha
gH
nguha & jJiw jiyt, blyh kh kf f, brid.
Uj.
vW Tat ghu.
ik bghGJ nrhuhUj vgJjh ghl
ceho. nrhjtf ahUF vd bra Ko?
fhyF jFjhngh fUJ khWgL. Mj
ekFjh VjhtJ brJ bfhs Kokh? Vnjh xU ey
fhyij fUij wfJL eh thnth.
neu ekF thjJ! mneu ghu ekF ilj neu.
Mdh eh thif gaz j Lnth. jnghJ
mJ j bkhF, j dF ey neukhlJ.
mua, r_f, Phd Kjyhd xbthU JiwY,

xbthU ehoY Jikf J FYf fhnwh.
ya jF yfW. ya JiwY
ky Vgl ntL. giHa yafis a
fnzhlJl neh mt ijJ lF
fUJfis mfJ vLJ mj _y th VgL
JJ ffSF fhz Kidj mP flik.
mjifa flikia mPU, fPUkhd ghu jo
LJ f ghotj yh ghu! ghL wjhny

itaij ghJl brj ghty. fijfshY,
fLiufshY kf kdij Ro Gj jid Rl.
j itaf gaDw thtjF jidna mgj
ahf g. JikF l a. njkJu
jnHhir cyfbkyh gu tif brj u fP. jkJ
cs fUij bjs bjthf gthat.
ffiy. ghu j bkhF, j kfSF
fP gil kuig g giHa fUJfis
Jz Coa Jik fP. jfhy fPfSF
ghLthndahdh, fij tsK, ts VglhJ.
vyh tfho. va brhf, va eil, v J
mjdh ghu Jik U Mdh. My yt
bfhS Xir ea mikj a ghLfisna
bia nghy aghf ghodh. b
ghlntL vgjF ghijaikJ bfhLjt
ya fiyu! ghu ya rKjha u!
ghuah. mgogl fP bjhiynehF ghitia
j njr bt bgw ghu jid, bjhiynehF
Muh xU W Kana fLiu!
jidahfnt mikjJ.
100
x gilj fdh th th th!

cW bfhl bedh th th th!
vW ngaJ ghu f!
va beR a beR! mjdh mtj
bjhiynehF ghit Jik ahF ah njit
vgij tirgLJwh.
f gilj bkhd; bjj kahs; Wikia
fL bghFth; f ngh eil cilah! j
njrF iwa njit! vwh. j Q kQ
bt bgw ria ntLwh.
beRF njhSF thS
iwj Rlk
gRF negL brhd sht
ghitF ne bgU
trid gif N
itaf khjbuyh
jrbknw iu mtng r
X r X r X!!!
vgJ ghu iwtghL. W r_f cau
bghik th mta njit vgJ ghu
vz.
itaf fhgtnuD - W
thiH gHfil itgtnuD
bghafy bjh brnj - w
nghl thgt vfQ nknyh!
vW ghLwh.
lhl nrnah
101
ghu bjhiyneh ghuj u bjhl

lJ. ghu f Wikfis , u isjJ.
cs jha ia _o, ehil oj moik
jbkhJ m bja mt fij brhf bgU
gadjd.
bjtfd isJ fhFnk - eik
nrU Usa jhFnk
ifitjJ gRbghdhFnk -
fhy gabkhJ nghFnk!
Jnt cik th wik.
ghu Ua ghuj mrh u ghuj!
tik tik vW ghLnth! - vW
thG Rl Fyij ehLnth
fia slif nghFnth! - be
ftiy UsidJ Fnth
mj mj vW Tnth! - j
mdiy gJ ky nth!
j gHkiwf ghLnth - vW
jiyik bgUik f TLnth!
t thF iwa ghuj vF brW bfhL
UwJ vgij czJ. j eho J, kf
J ghu itj gW f tikahdJ.
Phdny gunkhdny - ca
khdny mdjhdny
fhdny aKjhf iwj
fijny a ehL!
102
lhl nrnah
103
vW mt ahit tUjJ izawJ. ghu
ky gijna tbld cL, mj kJ kafjh
kndhiy Uj fd f bgaJ! j kj
gy kdfis khw Joj fP!
MSikjh j njr bgUik bgw Ko; btia

ehl Ko vg f tikahd vz bfhlt
ghu!
kj th yank j kd tikahf
idjt! kj ththa iz vjifa caj
gfis l f ntLwh. nfjh ghu
kd cW ntL;
thny ik ntL;
d eyJ ntL;
beUd bghU ifglntL;
fd bkgl ntL;
iftrkhtJ iu ntL;
jdKgK ntL;
juny bgUik ntL;
f wl ntL;
fhaYW ntL;
bg Ljiy ntL;
bga fl fhf ntL;
k gaDw ntL;
thifF bjgl ntL;;
cik l ntL!
X! X!! X!!!
vW vnghJ jkJ ftiyia, eho Jaiu,
kf eyid v vU guhrl
tu nfL bfhnlUF ghu kd xU
bjhiy nehFil kd! j kdij guhrl itJ,
r kyuonyna thjt. ghuj mid ghj
bjhiynehF jidia KGikahf fhzyh. mt

th caj ya nf bjthf bjwJ!
eynjh iz brnj - mij
eybfl Gby tJnlh!
brhyo tr! - vid
RlF kl gilJ lh
tyik jhuhnah - j
khy gaDw thtjnf!
brhyo tr! - y
Rikbad thl Fitnah?
vW fhyjh mahj fRit fUJ ts Fwhj
f eil ghu xU bjhiynehfhsdhf W,
r_fij fhwh. ghu fl ghLfs, xU
bjhiynehF fs vW brhdh mJ ifay...!
104
lhl nrnah
105
m tlbkh ya C isj mDgtK

mtUila bjt gia tsgjF fhuzkh
mikjd vD m. r. Phdrgj T _y fh
thif jh ghul bjtgia ijjJ vgij
8. kfhf iwgW
Kidt K.m.
ma KowJ.
khfntY
fhdhLfhjh it.R. rKf broah ghuahiu
KJiy iuahs, ntfhdjh f, brid.
jkJ y xgJ ehf jf itjh. j gadhf

fhiuFo J kjhkhd rf ghuah gy ehf
KDiu
bjhlahf brhbghthdh. mnghJ gntW
Ugjh who izaw fPfS xUt

kfhf ghuah. ghuah vwl njrg ghlfis
gho cw lj kfis jobaGat vgJjh
e idF tU. Mdh mt njhu ghlfS
ghosh.
mt
mt
iwgid
rkaf fl cikfisbayh vLJiujh

vwh bg.R. k. Ruka ghuah btW Mntr
fahf
kLkyhk
Mf
Jiw
mD
jikila mUfkhth vwh k.bgh..

Jit jh ghuahUila Mf bjhlila
btgLJtnj th nehf.
gilf gilfgld. F ghL, Phduj, gft
iwgW Vgl fhuz
ijfhd sf, jf vGa Mf fLiuf
gJ tUl fhy ghonr thif ehgJ taij
Matiw Rlyh. Jit thifna ehL, bkh, r_f
Tl beUfhj ghuahiu xU uk Phahf kh
nghwtnwhL iwtid ga vzij ghuF
lbjg vwh bg. R. k. nkY KY
CoaJ vwh Kidt , gunkRt. ghuia
rkagbfnw xU fHf mikJ xa neh
cwhU cwdU rKjhaK rh muaY tWik
rkafis g brhbghf fj ntL
tho tijJ beUa nghJ, fij gfL
vgij vfhy lkhf bfhs iHjh ghuah
kj EiHJ, Mf Ljiy cyf Mknea
vwh bg. R. k.
xUikghL fhz bjhlaJ ghu MSik
ghuia
JgfS
bghWjko
kWntis
sik
nrhWF
vd
bgw
bra
tsna MF vD bg.R. k fUJ nf x

nehfjfJ.
nghnwh? vW fya fyfK myfhgh, fh nghw
nkfl fUJf _y Jnr jh ghu
lf brW tlbkh, Ma bkhfis fw
Mf thifF tfhoaJ vgij mnwh. Mdh
106
lhl nrnah
107
Mf thifF lJ tlehL gaz vW
vJ vW Tsh. j_y fP jid
Twyh.
MSjikia bgw ehafiu nto ghosh
xUt Jg neUnghJjh iwtid idgh.

tl eho tHf Uj fh tghL, uhkUZz
gukAriu ga brf vyh Jg JtoUj
ghu cs Mf id ijjd. mJ
isJ brJ tsJ mtiu xU juhf MaJ
vgij czu KowJ.
ghu a
ghuah vbghUis g ghodhY mjid
bjt rh TWtij j bfhifahf bfhoUjh.
jid,
Jnr. mtUila ghlf iwgW bt

ekF bjh fij eho FiHj
gLs jikia fhngh.
ikbghGJ nruhUj - cika
ehaf
kfhf
ikj fzehj e Foia thgh

njhu
ghlf
Kjyhtjhf
ijna _W br.
mikJsJ ehaf ehkkhiy. vj iy ghL
vw ghl czJwJ. mjhtJ, fijia aWtJ,
bghGJ ehafiu nto ghL gHf gidjh
ehoF ciHgJ, fz neuK nrhuhUgJ vw _W
whL Kj tHf csJ. mjid g,
Ujh fzehj e Foia thgh vwh fP.
J br jF fh na vW
ghosh. j _y ttahf tz tgL
nt%sij czu KowJ.
ehafiu ghuah ntosh vgij maKowJ.

J mtUila iwgiw ygLJwJ.
nkY, Jnr cs ehaf nfhf f
bgwJ kzFs ehaf nfh. mj ehafiu ngh
ghu ghosh. jid,
_y
mtl
ehaf
gW
MHkhf
guhrl gW
kj j clY csY cY czY
iwj r bgUf ntLbkgnj mt bfhoUj
ya. m t iwkhf sF fl
jJtij, vF fhzgLw c af jh czu
kzFs ehafh! thkiw jiyth
Ko. mJnt r MF vgJ ghu sf vw
jidjh MSjik eh bgo
#aghu fUJ r jikia czJwJ.
vyh gafS jhnk vJ!
ghuahl mgf fijf TW fijfis, l
vw mof czJwd. ghl jidjh
fhafis
ehlf
bris
vGJgo
MSjik eh bgWlh vyh gafS jhnk
ntLwd. Mdh, mt jank thia tzFwJ.
108
lhl nrnah
109
mt jU mU gij ju ntbwhiw ghl
ffY viyaw gubghUshd guhr
kWwJ. jid,
afij fhQwh fP. j _y ghu

guhr J bfhoUj gid czu KowJ.
fijf brh fij baGbjgh
vyh bjt
fh agy ld fblgh
jj gL kf u
cf vyh bjt; ghw bghUbsyh
nk ehlf bris nkbtgh
bjt;
jankh v fhiy khiy
Na,
ru,
nkf
kW
#lbghUf midJ bjt; vGJnfhY bjt;
vj neuK thia Tfh
vGJ bjt vwh fP. jid,
vij ntoy jid guhr
cfbsyh bjtk wbthiy
g bkhid ghLj mna.
Ctd gwgd nenu bjt
vw ghl czJwJ.
gYK tif kLk F
jkJ ehL kfilna jdif xu bra

ehL Ljiyfhf ahf a lnk r
ghw bghUbsyh bjt fO

btyF u, k, , nkf
tghoid nghdh ghu. mojo cs kfis
nkYF gygyth njhw bfhnl
rka cz cU jobaGg Ko vw kuid
aYw #l bghUf midJ bjt
ghu ifahwh vw . gunkRt fUJ nf x

nehfjfJ.
vGJnfh bjtj vGJ bjt.

vw ghl czJwJ. j _y vyh bghUfis
Ugjh who bjhlf UZa ehony

kf bgU u brJ bfhLnfhyur #hiu d.
mj u khfh guhr filf itjjh bt
bgwJ vW ghLwh, ghu. jid,
bjtkhf ghw ghu iw giw ma KowJ.
bghJik be
vkjK rkj vgJ tsyh bfhif.
fhyjh tsyhUF Kgltfshd irt, itzt
khfh guhr cUa eho
bgahf vtU bfhifF Mjuthf Ujhf
filf itjh mnf
vgjF rhiy vw . gunkRt fUJ nf
Mfh bt bwGjJ ghf u
fUjjfJ.
bfhLnfhy my jh!
vw
ghlyof
czJwd.
ghu, a MNo gubghU thid gho,

thW
vyh
rka bghJikia btgLsh. jid,
110
lhl nrnah
gytifahf guL gubghU
vw
xnw; mja xW mth;
rilia jf ntL vW tWsh
mjiy flh myiy mfdh;
fP. ghl FL ghUFns bjt xW
mjdU th mku th vJnth.
vw bfhif xnw Fy xUtnd njt vw U_y
vw mof czJwd. nkY,

ahkj kjf gy csth mnw
ahDF cijj fUbfhnw.
ghlf
111
_y
fl
rilia
kj
fUij ugwJ.
ruzhf
iwtl ruzhf mila ntL vgij gy
vW TWwh. jdh, rka rkurij uhkf
lf Rosh ghuah. jdh vJ MfhJ
RthfSF dh ghuF fuhf ahU ngr iy;
vw Phd bgwjh, iwtl ruzhf milwh
tsJ ngr iy vwh g. thdj.
busg vwh kh. rKf Ruka. jid,
ghuah,
bjt gygy brh gif
ia tsgt _l
ct jidYbkhwh - vF
X bghUshdJ bjt
vw ghl _y xnu bjt czit kfSF
Cosh. bjt gy vW brh gif tsgij
rhLwh. nkY,
id FL ghgh - j
if tzF JUf
nfh Yit Knd - W
FL VR kjjh
ahU gL bjt - bghU
ahD L bjt
ghUFns bjt xW -
ggy rilf ntlh.
nratid ngh - mj
ngaD Jid cifny
cnrh fyjh - mid
cyfij kwjh xUikwh
A A A vwh - fzh
mga mga cdF mga vwh.
vw mof czJwd. mga mga vW T
ruzilj iy, busg mt csny xU
iwt vw nrhnahL fyJ xUikW lh;
cnrh fyj mt cyfJF vyh midah
Lwh. j _y, csny xU iwtndhL xw
ntL; ruzhf mila ntL vgij czJwh
ghuah.
nkY, njr KJkhia ghL bghGJ ruziljiy
FLwh fP. jid,
112
ghoid ruzilnj
ghrbkyh fisth
nfhoey brLth
Fiwfbsyh gh...
vw mof RLwd.
K
ruzilj iy ekF ilgJ K. mj K
vw Ljiy eh wj vJtiy. j thny
ilgJ vW TWwh fP. jid,
brjwF tnyhf itFj
nrlyhbknw vUgh
j kj mtbrhY rhu
ngiu ahbk Tnjlhrf
jiu nyj eh
lhl nrnah
113
u
ghuah fz ghony u brwh; iwtid
v#khddhf ghLtJ ku; Mdh, fzid nrtfdhf
ghLwh; iwtid fhjydhf jiytdhf ghLtJ ku.
Mdh, fzid fhjahf ghLwh. flis FUthf
idj ku; ghunah ldhf idJ ghLwh.
t _y, fP, fzl bfhl gia czu
KowJ.
Koiu
kfhfF iwgW Vgl fhuzbkd? vgij
Kj mnjh. mt ehaf, KUf, r, fz, naR
J, myh vd gy rka flsfis g gho,
rka bghJikia vLJiuJsh; kj rilf
ntlh vW mWsh.
bghGnj K nrleho
Rj m iy fgt
jj flsfis ghoa ghu iwg

vyh bghUfY iwtid fhQ bghJiyF
atuhbk Tnjlh rf.
caUwJ; mJ xnu gubghU vw bfhifia

czJwJ. m gubghUl ruzhf mila ntL
vw ghlf czJwd.
ghu j thif bjhlf viyaw bjtg
bfhltuhf, Phd ijf ga bgwtuhf,
[hf af bfhltuhf sdh. Mdh, j
thif W gF kj - mku vD U
iyfSilnas f Ea viyia flJ,
mkuiy milj t Kjuhf mt tswh vw
vw jikia tWJwJ.
ghuah guhrlK, fzlK Fj g
bfhoUgij ghlf t ma KowJ. fz
ghony kuid u brJsikia fhnwh.
U_y, jhkhdt, uhkf mof ghl fUJf
mfnf vbuhgij czu KowJ.
#a ghu fUJ nf xnehfjfJ. j _y

ehL iwtl ruzhf miljh t Kjuhf
jifa kfhf xnw gubghU vw

iwgiw ehK czJ, th g, Kia
cauyh vgij ma KowJ.
milnthkhf.
114
lhl nrnah
115
Ff :
19. g. thdj, ghu t, g. 82.
1.
bg.R. k, ghuah ntj f fij, g. 100.
20. lhl e. R broah (g)., K.F.. gtif
2.
nkgo, g. 101.
3.
m.r. Phdrgj, iwa ya, g. 23.
4.
bg.R. k, K.F.., g. 101.
5.
k.bgh.., xsit - ah? g. 11
6.
Kidt . gunkRt, k.bgh.. ghit ghu, g. 301.
7.
bg.R. k, jHhs ghu, g. 200.
8.
lhl e. R broah (g), khbgUfP ghuah
ghlf - KuR, gh-11.

21. nkgo, gh-12, 13.
22. U_y, Uku, gh-2066.
23. kh. rKf Ruka, ghu xU Phdf, g. 136.
24. lhl e. R broah (g) K.F.., ghrh rgj,
gh - 292, 293.
25. nkgo, njrKJkh, gh-2.
fijf, ehaf ehkkhiy, gh-1.

9.
nkgo, gh-8.
10. nkgo, gh-25.

11.
v. #aghu, kfhf ghu - xU wdh, g. 92.
12. lhl e. R broah (g), K.F.., guhr, gh-1.

13. Kidt . gunkRt, K.F.., g. 328.
14. lhl e. R broah (g), K.F.., nja jf,
a Uah, gh-1.
15. nkgo, ghu mWgjhW, gh-18.
16. Kidt . gunkRt, K.F.., g. 326.
17. lhl e. R broah (g), K.F.., gtif
ghlf, a MNo - fh - gubghU thJ.
18. nkgo, ghu mWgjhW, gh-65.
26. nkgo, rF, gh-1, 2.

27. v. #aghu, K.F.., g. 127.
116
lhl nrnah
117
ghu bjhlFwJ. mt fijfshf 46 fijf ekF

ilUwd. fijf fhy ga F mfkhd
ms liy. guL fijfSF kLnk fhy
9. kfhf fijf
khDl nkghL jidf!
Kidt
M. mDuhjh
KJiy iuahs, v.x.. itzt kf f, brid - 34.
maKowJ. ghu fijfis tU tif

mlfyh.
ghuah fijf - tif

1.
ghu Rnjru, rfut, ah, ghyghuj,

uht, Nnahja, #ah, fknah, mj nghw
jf Mauhf, Jiz Mauhf gJ
csh. t g ghlf, njr g ghlf, gRit
2.
ghlf, fz ghL, F ghL, ghrh rgj nghw
eht tifia rhj fijf - 3

1.
Phduj (1910)
2.
Rif fij (1925-1926)
3.
d rfu fij (1956)
Wfij tif wj tot bgw fijf - 6

1.
M xU gF
2.
tz Fkh
3.
fhjhk (1919)
nguPuhf fh mwh. w fUJfis
4.
ru
thFlJ t xU jiywj Muhahsuhf,
5.
ntgku (1919)
nguPuhf fh mwh. w fUJfis
6.
Js gh
gy jiyf ghlfis vGsh. gy ciueilfis

vGsh.
ciueil
fLiufUJ
nehFlJ t xU jiywj Muhahsuhf,
thFlJ t filoF g nghwjfjhf

sFwJ. t gy ghlfis j bkh bgaJ
3.
Wfij tif Xus tot bgw fijf - 36

1.
mjuorh rh fij
2.
mga
Ma, fjha, Rju nghuhl u, bkbghUis
3.
mbkfhF nghd d uh#Fkhu
fl mP vd gKf MSik cilat vgJ
4.
md rnjf (1917)
ydhwJ. Ugjh who ya kWky
5.
Midfh cij
csh.
vdnt, ghuah fP, gifahs, ciueil
118
lhl nrnah
6.
31. kiH (1917)
7.
c{#
32. sfhgH rhah
8.
X ahF X a fhuz
33. uhft rh fij
9.
fl
34. bunt jhd
10. flfiuaho
35. tzh bjh
11.
36. itrhj vw lhu fij
f ril (1918)
12. ff fnlhfr (1918)
4.
13. fuhaD bfhyD
1. etju fijf (1928)
14. fhfh ghbk
119
eht Wfij UtifD mlfhj fij - 1
ghuah fijf VwjhH 88 ghuf l
15. fij (1917)
bgWsd. aif fj ghufshf gJ, bkik
16. Fiu bfh
ghufshf gJ, yFfshf Ug ehF l
17. FHij fij
bgWsd. ghuah 46 fijf vGUjhY kfl
18. bfhila rh
mt fPuhf kLnk mKf Msh. ghu fijf
19. nfhgjh (1918)
wj totikia, fijfSFa mik TWfis
20. rhah kf
bgW fiyjiknahL fwd.
21. Wfij
22. Rkh
23. brif
24. ook rh fij
25. njt fl
26. fs tU
27. iHnjh
ya vgJ rKjhaUJ KgJ. m

rKjha jhf UgJ a. ghu jh thj
fhy NHYnfg fijfis vGsh. mt fhy
ya uidfis f mHfhf, MHkhf gl oJ
fhosh.
mt fijf ehLgW, Ljiy cz, bg
cik, fy kz, bghJik jid, rh xWik nghw
fijf fUthf mikUf fhzyh. ghu fijf
28. a nfhz
FJ mKf nehY mt fijf fhzgL fUJ
29. ng Tl
jidfis btgLJ nehY th Ka
30. kiyahs
nkbfhsgLwJ.
120
ghu fijf mikJs j

1.
ghu bgaiu, ffis jiyghf bfhL
4.
ciuahl Kiw bjhlf, mKf bjhlf vw
iwj
gkakhd
njtnyhf
thifY, njLj, v iw bfhshik,

nghof iwj kj w nkikahdJ vw fUij
ghu vz Xl Ko, TW Kiw Ko vd gy
iwthd thifia bgWtJ fodkhdJ vW
tiff KothdJ mfiwl ifahsgLsJ.
TWwh.
fgid ghuf, aif fj ghuf,

ghuf
vD
_tif
ghu
nkY
kdfLghL
yhjtf
fs tU vD fijia ghujehL nkikw

nghtij ghku thyhf ygLJtJnghy mikJ
csh.
mHa, Ja, bk bghUa vD _tif

ctikfis fhz KowJ.
7.
Mw
Kitwh.
gilfis fhz KowJ.
6.
mil
bra ga TW Ko, ghu TW Ko,
bkik
5.
fij fjt cy jk mjkfis kQyf

jk - mjkfis ntWgL fhLwh. idjij
Utif fij bjhlfkhdJ mikJsJ.

3.
121
jid mt fdiy gil vW Twyh.
mikJsd.
2.
lhl nrnah
fs tU ey kiH bg. ehL brF,

ehL jha btna nghfhJ. ViHfSF nrhW
vs fyj eifRit eilia ifahoUgj
bfhr mfkhf ilF. gR Kja ey #Jf
_y thrfiu f, f itJsh.
UahF. #h ngj Fiw. MQF bgQF
t eil vikahf, bjthf mikJsJ.
go UahF. eKila njr nkikail
nkY
(ghuah fs tU g.212) vW fij lbgW
fUnfw
eilia
ifahLsh.
wbkh brhfy fhzgLwJ.
thrfij nrhl xUt TWtjhf mikJsh.
ghuah j fijf Ljiy czit Fj
nrhl jidf (ghuah, a MNo g. 242)
MwYl btgLsh. mt ehil iwtDF
vW a MNo TUjhY ehL kf
rkkhf kjh v mJ ifahfhJ. vdntjh,
bghJthd fUij, mjhtJ nrhl nk kf
ajh moik iyia fL kd btJdh.
bfhoUj
moik iyia fisa U, Ljiy czL
gagLbfhL, kfilna jdif czit,
fUJfis j gilf btgLdh. ahJ Cnu
jh eho J bfhoUj eifia bt-
ahtU nf vw jid j fgidia nrJ
gLsh. mnjngh, a nfhz vD fij
vGa fij Phduj.
xU FLFLigfhu.
eifia
jdF
rhjfkhf
122
lhl nrnah
123
ey fhy tUFJ; ey fhy tUFJ;
ngTl, FHijF fij, fhfh ghbk
#hf nrUJ; rilf bjhiyJ;
Ma _W fijfY ah iyikfis, cyf
ju nghFJ; brt tUFJ;
iyikfis Ro fhosh. ngTl vD
go tsUJ;
fij uL a ghffshf mikJsJ. uZah
bjh bgUFJ; bjhyh thth.
ufhy iy, by J Ma bfhoUj k.
(ghuah, a nfhz g. 218) vW TWtjhf
KUf - t fhj ehlf, RLfho jik Matiw
mikJsh. nkY mt KJFwij neh,
g ssh. FHij fij a fah vw
iwtid idJ ghu Fljhf TWwh. j
bga cyhtU FHij ghu thrff be
_y ehL Kndw FJ ah ngdhY, fUJ
iyJ F jkhf gilfgLsJ.
bjjhY
mtfis
kF
gid
ghu
bgUjh vgJ ydhwJ.
etju fijf ghu j rkfhy rKjhaij f

mHfhf gloJ fhosh. bg moik, _l
fhffns..... mj #h xUtDF khu nfhlhD
eif, iwt J f _ojdkhd g, rh id
nfho rgskh. nghJ eKila njrny Tl
nghw r_f mtyfis fUthf bfhL fijfis
UthT kfhuh#h, ikN uh#h Kja uh#hfSFTl
vGsh.
vyh
#dfS
fjg thf v Mo fij cyf
itUwhf. ehndh cfis zhf MSnw.
cs bkhf vyh rkUj bkh UJ
VjhtJ rilf nelh vl kaj f
njhajhf, guj fl #hf ehgjhu
tUf.
twoJ
UJ ehfhukhf FiwUgJ PhakwJ vW,
cfSFns kaj gQnw. VnjD MgJ
D gy brfis Mo TWtjhf vGUgij
nelh, mij FtjF vl cgha nff
ghFnghJ ghu thj fhy rKjha mikig
tUf. eh f fZlgL cgha fLoJ
g bjJ bfhs KowJ.
eh
nrJ
bjhil
bga
bga
jiu
brhYnw. jbfyh rgskh? rhoifah?

jlJF ciHnw. xbthU fhifF ehnjhW
ilw Mjha M xU gF vdF bfhLJl
ntL (ghuah, fhfh ghbk, g. 214-215) vW
MS fhfh TWtJ MSgt ahuhf UD mtf
kfis JW, mtf t moJ iHgij
fhLtjhf csJ.
M xU gF, uk rkh# nghw fijf

Ljiy cz, kf vG, uk rkh# vd gntW
fUJfis
csl
rkfhy
rKjhaij
btfhLtjhf mikJsh. rh ntWik TlhJ

vgij ikakhf bfhL mikfglnj M xU
gF fij. ah cs bkhj kf bjhif M
124
lhl nrnah
125
xU gduhf cs mrdfis JWj TlhJ vw
cdF Mrakhf njhwyh (ghuah - f ril,
fUij tWJwh. nkY mrdfSF eh br
g. 253) vW Fs rhah beilkhlid ftjhf
bfhLikfisjh MnyalUJ L bgWnwh
mikJs gF _y rh, kj, d ntWghLfis
vW Ro fhLwh.
flj kj d Kndw ntL vw xnu neh ghu
tzFkh vw fij, uk rkh#ij nrj
brWsij ekh ma KowJ. fij l
jiy xU, J kjgo xG tU jiyt xUt,
bgWs
Utilna njhW fhjYF kj jilahf Ugij
Ujjj _y rh xWikia j vGY, ngY
btfho csh. nkY kjij vJ fhjiy
kLk eilKiw thifY gat ghu
thF iyia sFtjhf fij nghF
vgij ygLJwh.
mikJsJ. jh fhz Ua Jik bgiz

fij jiyahf gilJ fhosh ghu.
beilkhlid
oF
miHJ
rif fij oo fbyl nfhghygafU,

ViH Rnfhzh kf dh kzJ bfhtjhf
jdJ fijf milahsgLa bg ca,
fhosh. btntW kj, btntW rhia nrj
lhik W e rKjha y UgJ
Ut kz jiy Jsgh vD fij
tUjFaJ. ghu, rh ntWghlw rKjha cUthf
fhosh. rh ntWghLfis fisa fy kz
ntL vw j mthid eifRit cznthL
Jiz vW mj ghu fy kzij Mjjh.
btgLJwh. jhj rh wj xUtid wj
fy kzij jJ, MjJ r_f UjF
mPdhf gilJ fhosh ghu.
nghuhoatf ghu xUt vgJ FljfJ.
f ril vD fij l bgW tSt
bg Ljiy, jit kWkz, bgf cik
rhia nrj beilkhl vw ghuij gy
Ma _iw g j fijf mf ngsh
bkhf mj xUtdhf, gy fiyf tytdhf
ghu. sfhgH rhah vw fij bg
gilJ Jik brJsh. Fs rhah, fhjh[h
Ljiyia bgJ ngRwh. M, bgfSF
vw uL fjhghufS ciuahLtij nghy
br mahafis brh khshJ. bg Ljiy r
mikJs gF, j fhjh[h! j beilkhl
vW vatfS mij g vGjnth, ngrnth kWj
uh#nahfdh jij fodt. tDF <r
fhy ghu j fij giwaDF ghghD, fW
nahfF thnghiu tahf fhjh. tDF
kDDF btis kDD aha bra ntL
fuhf th RHWnth j klg ahU ilahJ.
vW brhYf. bgQF M aha brtJ
tSt Fy e Cnyna go xU kfh UgJ
mijbayh l KabkW eh brhYnw.
126
lhl nrnah
127
(ghuah - sfhgH rhah, g. 263) vW TWlJ
c{# vw fij M, j kidia ju w
bg MQF rf rkkhf thHntL vw j Mtiy
bgfis midahf, rnfhjahf, rahf
btgLJwh.
nghw ntL vW bgiz bjt iyF ca
bg Ljiyia bg _ykhf btgLJwh

ghu. nkY jit kzij Mjwh. nfhk vgt j
ikJ rhyl jit kWkzij MjJ
ngUgjhf fhoUgJ wFaJ. thf
brJ bfh. jit thf brajfJ. MfS,
bgfS xUnf akDF goUwhf. Mjyh,
MfSF bgf moikfsh, MfSF bgf
brtij fhz KowJ. Vik fhuzkhf tajhd

xUtUF thifgl nej bg mjid kWJ jh
Ua kiyahs isP xUtUl cl nghF
brtij fhjhk fij sFwJ. Jsgh
vD fij clfilnaWjiy foj, jit
kz, fy kz Ma fUJfis tWJtjhf
mikJsJ.
m tDs tiu tU koa ntoa mtaiy.
ghu bgQa ga jidfis Coat
Mjyh, M kf vG itUF rjdkhf Raey
ntjh mikah Mt. mt rF ghu
rhuij
nghLL,
Vgl khwfis brh mlf ayhJ. ghu
ijaJl brid glzJF ngh mF
fiy cs X mra ghu. m vs fyj
ifbg thfJF cj br rigahiu fL
eifRit cz fyJ UF. mt ntoif
oJ, mtf _ykhf ey khisia njo
fijf vw mikj fijf rKjha
thifgL (ghuah- riy fij, g. 1183) vW
jidfis eifRit czl iHnahl oUgJ
TUgjhf mikUgJ nghWjFa tif
gowjfJ.
faLny
mikUwJ.
Midfh cij vw fij, uidfSF gaJ
nkY etju fijf Xl M fF
kjf thLtij rhLtjhf mikJsJ. fuhaD
bg fF ilna uid neUwJ. mnghJ
bfhyD vw fij, fhifF j FR bghFR vw
bg f, bgfis mtk brgt udhf
gHbkhia idgLJtjhf mikJsJ. ehLf
khlh vW, bgfis jhthf idgJ caj
njhW kf gghL kW fyhrhu khbfhnl
#h wjt yzkhfhJ vW TWtjhf
UwJ. gghLf btehLf ghghL
mikUgj _y kjfl kL fhL
lgij, mbkfhF nghd d uh#Fkhu vw
yFflK Vwjhf TlhJ vw fUid
fij eifRit cznthL TdhY, m ghu
tWJtjhf csJ.
tUj njhj yij czu KowJ.
128
lhl nrnah
129
mjzfSF nuhj ju ntW bjh bjahJ
mit ciHig zhFtjhf csJ vgij
vD fUij ikakhf bfhL, rhah kf
Fiu bfh vw fij _y sFwh.
vD Wfij mikfgL csJ. yf gzij
ciHgt ciH mtDF gaglhlhY
ikakhf bfhnl a tUwJ vgij X nehF
wUfhtJ gaglL vw neh ciHgtid
X a fhuz vw fij sFtjhf mikJsJ.
Wfij vw fij fhLwh.
bghUshjhuij ikal y thG kf kd

Jit VgLj, mrhJ nghL gFtij bfhL
tu jdh Md Kafis ghu brJsh.
irt,
itzt,
rhj
vw
Jkj
fSilna Vgl rf KY kiwJ

xWikl bragl ntL vw fUij K
ghuah rKjha khwF jDila Wfijfis
itgjhf itrhj vw glhu fij mikJ
fUfshf gagLsh. t fijf kfis
csJ. flfiuaho, fl, kiH, Rkh, brif,
f itgjhf csJ. a rKjhaij gilF
a nfhz, fs tU, ff fnlhfr, f
Mtid t xbthU fijfY ekh fhz
ril Ma fijf ku, Na Mat J kf
KowJ.
bfhoUj eifia, _ljdij, m_l-
fij l bgW rhah, TW urf nfl

#df gutrkilJ bghid bghUis ghj
jdij tsJ iHF Tl gadw rlFfis foF j mikJsJ.
fhifahf Fghf. mt mj gzij vjkhf
thW rKjha mtyfis, nfLfis Ritgl
brytgh vW ahUF bjahJ, fij KGJ
vLJ TWtjh kLnk xU rKjha fP bt bgw
ngh rhahf iyia eifRit cznthL T
KoahJ. mj mtyfSfhd fis v
brth. ciHig ikakhf bfhL thH ntoa
ghw fhuzdhjh ghu wj fPuhf
r_f kf mahikia gagL, mtf
nghwgLwh. jh thG fhy bghUshjhu
ciHig mo thJ, mtf _l eiffis nkY
trfis kLnk ghu bgwiy. Mdh, jid czU
tsF jkhf brfis TW ngh rhahf
kd MSikia, Phf jrdij, rKjha njitia
fofgl, jofgl ntoatf vW TWwh.
iw br Mw giljtdhf fwh. mt
mjuorh rh fij _leifia nf

brwh. m giljtf jf mit Mf
ntiyfSF gagLjhk nghwnghJ mJ kjid
Kndw ghijF bfhL bryhk, mtf
jdbfd thHhJ wbfd thG ikahd thifia

thj fhuzdhjh mtUila ghit fgid
wFf J thdij ia izF jik
bgwjhf fwJ. ghu gilf midJ mt
130
fl r_fij mt fhz Ua r_f khwij

ajhjkhd
cikfis
lhl nrnah
2.
3.
ehLgW, Ljiy cz, bgQik, bghJik
4.
5.
bfhL fijf mikfgLsd.
3.
Kidt f. sk rhduhk, ghu rKjha

jidf, cyf jHhuh Wtd, brid, 2004.
kfSF tfhofshf sF khbgU jiytf

ga fUJf l bgWsd.
j. lh Fznrfu (bjh.M.), Ljiy nta

jHf, ntjh ggf, <nuhL, 2000.
jid, fy kz Matiw ghLbghUfshf
2.
. Rtehj, ghu a, maglntoa

cikf, . Rtehj btpL, brid, 2004.
bjhFiu :
1.
f. ifyhrg, ghu Mf, brr A,

brid, 1987.
btgLJtdthf
mikJsd.
thif F
kf kd Rju ntifia CL j
1882
fUJf l bgWsd.
4.
131
vilau drh maUF, yF

mkhSF, 11.12.1882 mW kfdhf wjh.
bg cik, jit kz, fy Ukz Mait
1893
11 ta ghu (fiykf) gl bgwh.
1897
7 taJ brykhSF, 14 taJ ghuF Ukz
Fj fUJf fhzgLwd.
5.
MQF bg rf rkhd. vdnt cwf
eilbgwJ.
fhuzdh yafis Lj TlhJ vw

1898
fUid KitJsh.
ghu jij kiwdh, fh brW goig

bjhlwh. Y rkUjY nj
6.
vnyhUF
vyh
vD
bfhifia
bgwh.
fhzKowJ.
7.
1902
vilau murit _W MLf gjh.
1904
MfL Kj 3 khjf kJiu nrJg caiy
rh, kj, dngj thG thifia nghF

jkhf fUJf l bgWsd.
g jHhauhf g jh.
gagl f :
1.
ghuah, ghuah fijf (KGtJ), fh ggf,

brid, 1989.
1906
ll ef rnfhj ntjh njia rwh.
1908
yhyh y#guhia, t.c. jgudhiu MjJ

ng,
vG
tj
fhuzdh
fht
132
lhl nrnah
133
Jiwduh ifJ bragLth vw iy

Jnr brwh.
1913
Jit j egU, m#d lUkhd uh.

fdffF mJ u brjh.
1918
10. ghu ja nehF
etg 20 ghu ifJ bragL, fl

iw itfglh. org 14
f. ehaf_
Kidt gl Mths, brid gfiyfHf, brid - 5.
Ljiyah fila brwh.

1919
brid fhaofis rjh.
1921
Utnf ghjrhu nfh ahidah nH

jsgL,
fhafSl
kUJtkid
mDkfglh. brlg 11 M eh aif

vdh.
ghu gKf gilghff fij Kjik

bgWtJ nghynt, jfS Kjik bgWwd. mua
KaJt thj Ugjh who bjhlf
MLf ghu jh bghWngUj giff _y
Ma bjhL kfjhdJ. miwa eh a Ljiy
nghuhl fhykhjyh kfSF Ljiy czit
Cl MS tf mfis vLJiuf,
mjfhf kfis btFblH brakha iyf
jf bgW gfhsd. mny kfhf ghuah
ela jf r_f zF khDl nkghoF,
bkh tsFkhf bgJ JizJsd. Fghf
nja ey fhgY khDl ts bgUFtY mtUila
jg
nkY
KaJt
bgWwd.
ghuj
z bgw jkjdhf W Fu bfhLjnjhL

kLkyhk giff thyhf mt fhoa gw
gfig fLiu t mayh.
ghu gif tuyhiw mK cybfY
giff, Kj Kj njha tuyhid mtJ
F mtakhwJ.
134
Kj br bjhl
lhl nrnah
135
ah Kj brjh
kj d vW njhw bfhlnjh mnw br
ah brjhf tuyhW .. 18M
bjhl njhw bfhlJ. kj dF Kija
whoUJ bjhlFwJ. KjKj .. 1780 M
iy yFfY br bjhl VgLsd.
ML rdt khj 29M eh KGik bgw mR
fhiff czfhf fiutJ, ehf FiugJ
totjhyhd brjh ffjh UJ bttjJ.
xUtif brbjhlng. yF iyUJ LgL

w kj br bjhl g Vuhskhd rhWf
csd. bjh kj Fy dFG thif
br bjhlfis mayh.
bgfh
bfb#
myJ
ffjh
brdu
mtilr (Calcutta General Advertiser) vgJ mj bga.

mR fiy Mt bfhoUj My ehL tfuhd
nr mfl A (James Augustus Huckey) vgt j
kj ehff miljl whf _yK
jiH btlh. Jnt ah Kj brjh
kjf _yK jh mD brfis jid
vw bgUikia bgWwJ. 1785 brid Kj j
nrjtfSF vl brjh. jnghJ rhuz bfhofis
bttjJ. kjuh Ta (Madras Courier) vgnj mJ.
mirJ fggild sF xia fho jft
jid rL #hl (Richard Johnston) vgt
bjhl
btlh.
rhjdfis
gagL
brfis
mDtij ghfKowJ.
bf# njhw
gil fhy nuhkha mukidUJ gy
irf Uj uhQt mfhfSF ehnjhW
brf mDggld. jF Mnlh ldh (Acta Diurna)
vW bga. jha eho jhf brfis vG
bjUf Ka lf xo itghf. jid
mU brW gogjF bf#lh vD W jha
ehza juntL. UJjh bfb# (Gazette) vw
bga VglJ. gHfhy jf vyh bfb# vw
milbkhia bgUjd.
Jnt
brid
njha
Kj
brjh MF.
a tlhu bkhf jf njhwK VwjhH
nj fhyfljh fJsJ. bkhthahf Kj
Kj njha jf vW fhQnghJ jbkh
jh Kj Kj j bttJsJ. 1802 nyh
bf#
vD
bga
bttj
jnH
bkhfnyna Kj Kj bttj jHhf wf

bgWwJ. j j yifUJ bttJsJ
vgJ FljfJ.
w a bkhf bttj jf fhythahf
mayh.
136
fdl bkh
1812
fdl rkhrh
tfhs bkh
1818
rkhrh jg
F#uh bkh
1822
Kghdh rkhrh
kiyahs bkh
Phd nl
lhl nrnah
137
kJiu nrJg g ilfhy g iljJ. mF

1.8.1904 Kj 10.11.1904 tiu jHhauhf gjh.
mjF y ehfnyna brid Rnjru cj
Mauhf nrjh.
cj
Mauhf
bghWngUj
ghuF
bkh
1826
Cj khlL
kuh bkh
1832
ggh jg
jf tU brfis brhbghfis j
bjYF bkh
1835
ra j
bkhahf brtJ, mRiH UJtJ Kjadnt
m[h bkh
1846
mUnzhjah
ghu bgUghik gfshf Ujd. jdh
grh bkh
1867
mg jgh rh
ja Jiw ghuF ey Ka VglJ.
xah bkh
1925
gif tj tuyhW
bjhiyt (j) tU brfis My
Rnjru uL MLf gah y

ah jGF Mauhdh. ghu bghWngUj
giff ah gifjh f f KakhdJ;
gu vD tlbkh brhYF iy vgJ
KjikahdJ. ah j Kj j 12.05.1906 M eh
bghU. gil fhy fhj fLogjF K
bttjJ. ghu Mauhf bghWngUj gif-
vGJtjF gagl bghU gidku iyahF.
f ah xnw ntfK x fjhf saJ.
gid iyia, mj jhtu FLgij nrj kw
ah xU j ya gif mW. mij mua
kuf iyfis Xiy vW miHnwh.
gif vnw Twyh. mJ xU thu gif.
UJ J vLf bgw VLjh vGJ bghUshf
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138
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139
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mtW
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ah
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o.ita ehja eldh.
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gif bghW Mauhf gnaUjh.

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gjia mt VUjh. thW a nja af
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ghu _W gif Ma bghWghauhf xnu
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1904 etg Kj
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ah jHha bghW
(brid)
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afkhf cUbtLjJ. njathahf fj ghu j
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1906 etg Kj
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1908 mnlhg Kj
ah (Jnr)
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140
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1910 rdt Kj
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141
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g bra Udh. mjfhf mt eho nja
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vyh
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gif tfhsny uh#hf u br
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142
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143
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ntL.
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mjid
mifahfnth
myJ
sgukhfnth
btlhk xU brahf jUgJ mbr

nk ghu itUF krd mifF clghL
iy myhk mnj rka jehL kfl
mbria guL gh Md X cahf
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ffis kfilna bfhLbrw Jtdhf mW
braglJ ah jjh. Rauh{a, Rnja
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dilit cLbr kjthj afjhiu oZ
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fLik iwj gia ah j nd UJ
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Mnya M
Mnya Mj gyij bfhL mahik cHY
a kfis Ruo iHwhf vgij,
ah Mj gyjhY njh tikahY
khunk ohuh MsgL tUwJ.
ikahdJ j ehL 30 nfho kfSF
(. 25.8.1906)
vW ghu Ro fhosh.
Ra M
Rju vdJ wik vW u KHf brj
yf uthj J fia nrj ghu, ah
Rju bgWtJ zgfsh mW; btW
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mal ir nfL iHF.
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vW czJ ekF ehnk Jiz; ekJ
Rahia ehnk rghf ntLbkW
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Kj Kafis Munjh. (. 22.12.1906)
vW Maiu Tsh.
maehL vGf
ah Ljiy bgw ntL vd ghLgl ghu,
j kfSF vG CfK jUgoahd w ehL
kfsJ Ljiy nghuhlfis g vGdh. uZa
eho vGj uia ftJ bjhlJ vG tjh.
...mnjrkhdJ
bga
uh#hf
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Unjh. %khny if itghfns ahdh
144
lhl nrnah
145
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kfSF d czl yfU, mfhy jiytfS
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KawnghJ, mij vbuhjh ghu. MD mt J
ia ehrkiltjF Kakhd X jhF
kfka efhf,
vg ahbjhU MnBgiy.
(. 7.7.1906)
...ij ehbkyhU ekJ kfka rnfhjfSF
vW K fnghL (f jrdnjhL) vGsh.
fha fhl mg nghw kfka kfhf
Jngh My mudUF vuhf vY gkhY
crtij bfhlhl ntL. (. 23.6.1906)
bj MfhY ghufY elJ bfhoUj

vGfis g vGsh.
vW eLiy csnjhL vGdh.
jf r_f z - bgf Kndw
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Jf kfkafil xWik Vglhjh,

Mnyaiu ul aY vw fhy flhajh,
tfil ntWik f ntL vw iy
fUJ vw jiyaf (14.7.1906) gjh f, ifbg

kWkz MatWF rhghf ua vw mbkf
bjj fUJfis btLsh.
VglJ. Mdh, ntWikia tsjhjh jik ul

KoahJ vd Mnya jhY Nia brJ
tfij jd; N dh ghjh id
...ekJ njrJ f nghJ bfhoUF

f, mlf, xGf Kjait kh nghl
ntLbkgJ ekJ fUiy. tfis
tiu lJ.
D Rahd, Rju, mrhik, njrg

kfkaf jf ehilL ijna Ra
ehlhf vbghGJ miljhfnsh mW Kj
mtfSF ekF xUj rgj VgL
lJ.
(. 23.6.1906)
nfhilFns FJ btL elFkhdh

vF
vbghGJ
rnjhnkayth?
Kjatny mta g bgw bra

ntLbkgJ ekJ uhjid. (. 16.7.1907)
vW vG bgQik vgJ mJ aij FgjW
vd ssh.
bjhyhs ntiy Wj
jfhf, ektf bgUghLgL J
mua LjiyF kfilna vGw vj tifahd
fSF KfkafSF ilnas gifik
nghuhlkhf UjhY, mJ W bghahf W cj.
aha mit flf Kay ntL. (. 23.6.1906)
gh fyf vdgl Kj a bghbfG, gil
vW vGsh, ghu. th Hh bfhlho a
ufsha afis JghfSF bfhG jlt
146
brhdjhY, kj d maTlhJ vwjhY, vGj

W nghuhl MF.
vdnt,
lhl nrnah
147
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jbkh ga tir bkhah Jo JoJ nghd
bjhu
buR
kf
vGF
cjaij fl ghu, bjhyhs nghuhl fis j

j vLbjGdh.
ghu fijf mjF cu _oanjhL kLkyhk

jfY ts_oaij F fhzyh.
jgh Mwhfhj bfhl ghu bjwYl
Kjyh vwh jh vurhiy jiytdh
wj ghi vw jiyaf,
UD myJ mR au jiytdh
bghWbggnjaw y _l thgf jh
UD,
miuFiwahf RUF ma ghi
nghlh
ftbk
uahd
ntW
brUF nkltfsh j bkhna wJ
vjkhf Uj nghY vyh xWjh.
nghl ntLbkW, mjF gyhf
bjhyhia fF gwfL jdJ gz
ehblF
bgofis
ntLbkW
Kjyh
xUtiy.
jiytdhUD
bfhS
xbthU
bfhisfhunubaha
ntW
(. 18.8.1906)
vW Kjyh g sf jUwh. bjhyhs

nghuhlij KlFtjF kbwhU duha ViH
bjhyhsfis gagL bfhS Kjyhf
cF gz nehnyh Jnuhf vznyh clglh
ehisF mnj f mtfSF kwtfSF neuyh
vgij,
gna
TWtij
UJl
eF
ngUnwh.
foJ
(. 4.8.1906)
vW vGsh.
j
RitahdJ
mDgF
xbthU
jikY btgL fhodhjh, mj Ritia

KGikahdjhf mDgjtfshf Ko vgjF mtnu
vLJfhlhf fjt. jh gilF fijfshfL,
fojfshfL,
fLiufshfL
midY
jbkh ey ahk bgUikgLj Kidjt,
j kh af kw fbg ntiy
Mf mg MirgL nghtJ mjid
ajkhf khlhJ. nj kh gJ ntbwhU
fbg ntiyahfSF Vglyh.
(. 28.7.1906)
vW vGsh.
My
ghu.
vj msF jiH ghu j berJ krny
iyahf
itUjh
vgjF
mtUila
foj
btrkh fhLwJ. 1915 , #]iy 19 eg

R. beiyagl W %gh fl nfL vGJ
fojY Tl mtUila jHhtK, jiH tsF
148
lhl nrnah
vzK edLtij fhzyh. mj foj ghu
uL jiyf vbwGJ.
bjUgij ghnghnk!
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vdjUik
jaha
beiyag
isia guhr eF fhLf.

j - khjJF khj ehSF eh dj
ky bgW tUtij fhnw. dJ
cs fkyny ngutha cPh
ff iuny jh vdF eg
clhFbknw fUJnw.
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ghif bjUJ, mj ghi giff
vd mjkhd Jik bgWsd vgij
ne bjJbfhs Kokhdh,
jehoF vjid eiklhF. j,
j, j vW vnghJ jiH tsgnj
flikahf bfhf. Mdh, a a br, a
149
ahghu tsf; auf bgUFf; Kaf

XFf; [j, g, au , j,
thd, aif Mu isf. it
jehony kLf; vW KHF.
W c yh[JF ehL ghLf
mDnw. mtiw gF gFahf cdJ
gifY
PhdghiY
uRu
brLf. Jik bg vbwhU ghL
mDnw. mij jtwhk clnd mL
mj fUij s vGJf.
cdjs,
ghu.
fo mt j J bfhoUF uhfhj
eF ydhwJ.
a nahrid, a a cik, a a
ghu gbkh yik
g j Vbfhnl nghf ntL.
My, tlbkh, , buR, tfhs, y,

b#k, mu, bjYF, kiyahs Kjyhd gbkhf
yikbgw ghu jGF w nrfntLbkW
miwTt Lwh.
j, jehL thf vbwGJ. jeho

nehf f vbwGJ. jeho njhW
j gTlf kf vbwGJ.
mj
gTlfny
ed
fiyfbsyh g bgW tsf vbwGJ.

jehony xnu #hf cL. mj bga j
#h. mJ Ma #h vw FLgny jiy
FHij vbwGJ. MQ bgQ XU
njkJu jnHhir cyfbkyh

gu tif brj ntL
vw mt f jrd ghit nghJ edth,
jbkhF bra jik cL vW, mjid
brbkh jFF V w nrfyh vw ntiy
150
lhl nrnah
151
nghJ eilbgW bfhoUgij mnghJ, e

be ghujh mrhukh wh.
jf fUJgl (fh^)
ja ghu brj Jikf
tsia mnw gat, ghu.
(Kj Kj j ML - khj Lj)
eil u myJ brh u (kd) vw fhy
fUJgl vgJ nf u. mfj Xa,
ghu rfut (1905-1906) j My ML

khjK FJ j btlh. d ah, #ah
(1906-1910) Kja jf j ML, khj, eh FJ
mtnwhL My ML, khj, eh Kjatiw
Fjh. thW ja j ML, khj, eh tiw
Kj Kjyhf Fjt ghuna. 1907, 1908 brid
ah j kfka ML, khj, eh FJsh. J
kfka xWik ngat ghu.
Tlhj gl, mua tif nf u, tir nf
mjF vLJfhlhf tiw gagL csh.

d fknah (1910) j j ML, khj, eh kLnk
Fjh. Jit ah jY #ah jY gf
vfis jbHf bfhLJsh. tif Kj
Kj j vfis gagLatU ghuna Mth.
Kj Kj glJl bttj gif
id bga mKfgLatU ghuna!

sir Ruka vW 24.1.1897 Lf
vGa ghu, 1904 ntRghD j tj fij
mobahgkhf vlau . Ruka ghu vW
FJsh. . Ruka ghu vW, .R. ghu
vW FJsh. id bga vG Jik brjtU
ghuna Mth. ntjh, a u, cjk njrhkh,
bjh, uhkjh[, fhjhr, r jhr, rh
Kjad ghu id bgafshF.
u, Vsd Xa, ntoif Xa vW tHF.

jid fl u vW ghu Fgh (. 20.10.1906)
fl gif vw ghu brhyh, nf
uf _y kfis ftjJ uht vw u
jiH bjhlf Ka brjJ, fhy fl
vD jf njhw fhuzkhF. fUJ glij Kj
Kj gagLat ghu Mth.
ahjh! glkh? ehL iyikia s

u t fhL u thrfknwh ah
Kfig myfjJ.
(ghu sf, g. 62)
vW Rjhdj ghuah Tsh.

ghuah bghWghauhf UJ btl ah
jGF
ML
rjhit
zj
Kiwnah
ahrkhdJ. muRF 50 %gh, #jhf, uh#hf

KjyhndhUF 30 %gh, khj %. 200F nkgl tUkhd
cstfSF 15 %gh, kwtfSF 3 %gh... thW
ML rjhit mtut j tUkhd mogil itJ
vnyhiu ah jiH th gof brj
gif Maiu vgo ghuhodhY jF.
152
ghu jf bkheil
xU gilghia dfL bfhtjF
eil cf bgJ gagL!
vW b#. kthz TWth. ghu ciueil mtuJ
fij eilUJ f ntWglJ MF. fij
ey, a, va, a j brhfis kLnk
gagLdh. UjhY mtuJ ciueil bfhir
a ngR tHF, w bkh brhfS fyj eiliana
gdh.
ngR tH UF jnH cUs j.
mij bfhir vGjntL.
vW ja bkh eilF .gh. Mjdh yfz
TWth. vikahd ngR tHif if bfhoUj
ghu,
Toatiu ngRtJ nghynt vGJtJjh
cjbkgJ vDila f, vj a
vGdhY r, xU fij myJ xU jf, xU
rhu, xU gif a, vij vGdhY
thij brhYw khahfnt mikJ
lh eyJ.
(gh.f. 232)
vW Tsh.
vGjgLw aij Z bjahj xU
jHl thdh brhfhL. mtDF
ewhf mj sFwjh vW ghJ
bfhL wF vGJ. mnghJjh vGJw
vGJ jehoF gagL.
vW ja vGjhsfSF ghu Tsh.
lhl nrnah
153
ja eil vgJ vgo mika ntL vgij

Rnjru Jiz Mauhf gahanghJ ghu
J bfhlh. d jhnk Mauhf gaha
rfut, ah Kja jf jkbfd
cUth bfhl eilia gagLjyhdh.
ghuF K f bjtw iyjh ciueil
UjJ. j fhyJF KD j fhyJ l bgw
jf eilfis fL mt iyikF tU
nghif foJ gyKiw ghu vGsh.
gHfyhj xU aij FJ, mjhtJ

#dfSF rnwD gHfyhk jdF
mf gHfyhj xU aij FJ vGj
Mujh tha jjfjh br;
rnjfiy. MdhY, xU tahf KoFnghJ,
thF tHFwjh vW thJ ghJ
bfhSj eyJ. myJ xU egl goJ
fhL tHf itJ bfhsntL.
(gh.f., 232, 233)
vW ghu FLth.
ciueil vthW eil mika ntL vgJ
g ghu ftdnjhL bragLsh.
brhytj aij kdny rahf fo

itJ bfhsntL. wF nfhz, Uf
xWyhk eil neuhf bryntL.
Mugny, kdny fo Koj trdfisna
vGJtJ eW. csny neik ijaK
154
lhl nrnah
155
Ujh, if wF jhdhfnt neuhd vGJ
brhbgh :
vGJ... trd eil, fg fijF brhaJ
nrhH kly gbeLfhy nrhH
nghynt bj, x, jik, xGf it
kdf uh#jahf sa fh
ehFKilajhf UfntL. (gh.f., 232, 233)
goz
fhah
fnz sFwJ.
vW trd eil vw jiy vGsh.

iuF dhnyna btFfhy vLoahf ntiy
KfJthu
(ah, 10.11.1906)
ja eil
ghj eof eo bjhlf Kj Wtiu xwhf
brfis neuoahf TWtJ, mtiw jta
mikj nghy, ghu eil xnu uhfnt mikjJ.
gL sFtJ ja TW MF. jHha vw
vD fUJ nghF Vg a eil, ya eil,
iy jikna jHhf cUtJ bfhL myJ
ja eil vD _tif eilfis ghul
jiH jhkhf cth bfhL vGdh. jF y
fhzyh.
vLJfhLf :
a eil
fUJnwh;
br, bkh bga, jJt Kjat ghul

aghd eilna fhzgLwJ.
e bfhoUnwh;
vnw vQnwh;
br :
enwh;
iuk f a ftbklh bga
mnwh.
muk brJ Lwhf. fyhj

#df btW UffSF fuhdtf.
ahd
gRt
vW
brhUwhf.
bgnahf
(. 29.9.1906)
ya eil
fijs bfhl ghu ja Jiw

EiHjjh va eil vGjyhdh. fodkhd gHj
eil, MyK tlbkh fyj bfhir j eil vw
U tiffUJ bky bky j vGJ wjh
bghJthd va eilia nkbfhlh. gHbrhfis
brhbgh xiw vLJ vGJnghJ, fij,
Xus Fiwjh. My brhfyig gogona
eilu KjatY ya eil s
jjh. tl brhf Xus ghku kfilna
njhWwJ.
gHfkhUjjh mtiw gagLdh. vdnt, a
ghu
fij
cs
brfis
vGJnghJTl ya eilia btgLJwJ.
va eilbahW ghuahuh cUbgwJ.
156
bjhFiu
lhl nrnah
v) btehLf brW Fonaa kf mDgF

Jgfis dfis giff _y
m) ghu thj 20 M whony br giff
vnyhU ma brjt, ghu.
njhUjd. mtny cyf ehLf ff

vyh uRfgL tjd. j, jgh, nghF-
V) ekJ eho gif mgf My vGJtij
tuJfS mfgoUjd. tsUJ mfhy
jJL, jny vGJj ntL vgJ
j ytfny vtU btyf J jf
ghu
ghitia
fhafis
brYjiy.
mj
ghitia
mth.
mjj
mtut
kd
elF
gL
bghJ
JJ
bgUj Kj fP ghuahjh. J mtUFs
nahridfis bjj jny vG j
j wf xwhF.
gifF mDj f Rygkhd fha vW

kfSF ntLnfh jUwh.
M) ghu gKf ghit cyfsha ghit

FljfJ. uZa Ljiy, bga ,
I) Rauh{a, Rnja, ma bghU kW, #haf
jh bt, mty vbwyh mtUila
Matiw K itJ nghuhoa afjhiu
ghit J guJ Ujij ma KowJ.
gntW Kiwf xLa oZ Vfhgaij

ah j fLikahd Kiw rhLwJ.
) ehL Ljiy, moik d Ljiy, cHY

kf J mt bfhoUj Vf giff thyhf
<)
157
x) ghu jg thW bkhfhf, ehLfhf,
mgygL mtf r_f LjiyF lJ.
kfSfhf gntW iyf mikJsij ma
kf bkh, kf nghny jh Tw tjij
KowJ.
T rhJ fhl gifia Mjhukh bfhlJ

mtUila Jik nehF bgUik nrfToa
xwhF.
c) cehL bghU cg, ifbjh nkik
Jiz f :
1.
ghu jrd, ja fLiu bjhF.
2.
jHhs ghuah, iwaur. gh, brR

btpL, 1995, brid.
cl Rnjaij ah jHh cathd

Kiw K itf bgWsJ.
3.
btpL, ulh g 1998, brid.
C) j ja fUJ glfis Fa bgUik

ghunf caJ. ehjf j njia uRj
KjtU tnu.
ghu xU ghit, ty#h, Rlbfho ggf
4.
ghua, R buoah. e, gHagh uj btpL,

1983, brid.
158
5.
lhl nrnah
159
ghuah fijf, jir gfiyfHf btpL,

2001, jrh.
6.
ghu bkheil, b#ah. t., lhl b#ah ggf
11. ghu Jik jidf
btpL, 1989, kJiu.

7.
ghu ah, brtuhR eh. y, cyf jHuh

Wtd btpL, 2003, brid - 113.
8.
Jik bg gilj a, lhl nrnah, Ku

ggf, o-6, kfhyR mghbk, kf,
80, ehL Rguha bjU, kyh, brid - 600 004.
nguha Kidt
K. KJntY
j nguha, muR fiyf, ejd, brid - 35.
j ya tuyh njha xbthU ytU

mjj fhy njitia iw brJ, j
brikF w nrJsd. mj tif tSt
thkiw jjJ, nru snfh yig irjJ,
fha fg fha giljJ, j ya
njitaJ btgl gilf MF. mj tir
j bgUikia junah ma bra jfnjh
jyt njhw ntLnk vW jHf vneh
fhUj ntis gj ghu njhdh vdyh.
ghuia g FL ghntjU,
jH cf jiy jhjjh
ikw thk Uj iy
jHf jGF jUca tF
jiytid v jtl if
yF ghu yt njhdh.
vW ghLwh.
1. vikna Jik
ghu fij ghl bjhla fhy jHf
ytf gyU fij ghod. mtf midtU xU
160
lhl nrnah
161
fygfij ghJ xU fygfK, X mjhia ghJ
UfntL vg vjifa <LghL UjJ vgij
X mjh, xU khiyia ghJ kbwhU khiy
ekh J bfhs KowJ.
gho bfhoUjd. yaf midJ fod
fl vw ghLF mt vGa KDiu, [fy
eil Ujd. ytf gojfSF kLnk
#dfSF bjthFgo f va eil mikf
fGeil
tjd.
ntLbkW ukgoUng. vidaahk mfuh
vnyhUF sF tif va eil vGjgL
gojfSila fwfw bkhf GUwd.
fijia btis fij vW v eifahod.
brsik eho mbkhfSF va ugjf
vGJtnj
ghl
vW
fU
j ya gojf ifghitahf UjJ;
nghlhkUJ nl. j bghUL gonghf
mJ ghku kf muF tuhj iynyna UJ
BFkhW uhjid brnw vW vGUgij
tjJ. j iyia kh jiH vGj gof bjj

jH
midtUF
Ujhf
mik
tz
vikahanj ghu brj Kj Jik vdyh.
F Flyh. Mj, ghu fijf f

L Jikf ggybtD mit midF Kj
Jikahf gJ mtuJ vikahF. ghu fij vgJ,
brtj khif Xakhf sdh kL mjdh
ghu jh vGa ghrh rgj KDiu
ga isahJ. mJ k Foir Xiy whf Uf
vikna fij bfhif vgij Ro fhLwh.
ntL vw Udh. Ug btpilna
va gjf, va eil, v mJ bfhsToa
ghu ghf midJ giwrhWwd.
rj, bghJ #df U bkL tidila

fhabkhW
jfhyny
brJ
jUnth
ekJ
jhbkh J jUnth Mwh! vgJ 1912

ghrh rgj Kjghf bttjnghJ mjF ghu
vGa KDiuahF. j bra ghu JikF
rhwhf wJ.
ekF
bjh
2. ghu Jik
ghuia Jitjh jt vwh mJ
ifahfhJ. ghu Jit thj fhy gjhLf.
Mdh, j theh KGtJ Jik ehlny jh
thit mikjh vdyh. jdJ fij, fgid,
brh, bghU, eil midY Jik UwJ
fij
ehoF
ciHj,
vW j fijF jhnd rhW jUw fPdhf
ikbghGJ nruhUj vgij thif beahf
ghu fJsh. fUij jh vilauJ
bfhl ghu, j fijF vikna Jikbe vgij
kdUF vGa Lf bjthf FLwh.
vLJ fhosh. jdh y lf vikah
m, jeho jiywj fP iy vW, tir
vGj ayhk nghFnghJ mjfhf jh tUaij
vdh aJ vW vG jdJ jdifia
ghu FLwh v, ghuF j fij vikahf
btl fhnwh.
162
aidJ nghlth f gilJ

jbkhia f VW
faur jehLF iybaD
tirbadh fjJ mnwh?
RitJ eaJ tsJ
brhJ n#h bfhl
etfij vehS mahj
kAhfij!
vd tU ghl, ghu fij vGJ, brhY,
bghUS Rit eaK tsK Jik bghf UjJ
vgij vLJ fhLwJ vd bfhsyh.
3. gHik KF Jik!
lhl nrnah
163
ghuj khjhit itJ g vG gho Jikia

brjh. m,
bghGJ yjJ ahbrj jtjh
ik fz nghd ah
vGgR bghRl vfQ gu
vGJ saJ mbtD u
bjhGJid th tzFtjF F
bjhlg yhu NJ nwh
J wid Wv jhna
aJ fh! g vGjUshnah!
vW tU Jikia fhzyh.
ehkkhiy
vg
gila
ytf
igj yafis ghu ghbfd mUat.
iwtid ghLthf myJ xU Fl rka
mj totY tzY C W cs kjt.
Futfis kLnk ghLthf. m w rka Wjf
vdnt jh ghl Ua ghLbghUfSF giHa fij
UFnk a w rka flsfis thJtnjh
totfis gHj yaf UJ vLJ
sFtnjh l bgWj iy. Mdh, ghu ehaf
bfhs mt jafiy. mtif mt ghoat,
ehk khiy Jikia brJsh. ehaf
ghuj khjh Ug vG, ghujkhjh etud khiy,
bgUkhid mt cyfJ fls midtUF bghJthf
ehaf ehkkhiy, ghuj nj Ujrhf
gilJ fhoUgJ FljfjhF.
Matiw Flyh.
iwtl mUis bgWtjF moahf ToW
ehaf njtdh, ntYil Fkudh

ehuhazdh, eril Koadh
iwt Ug vG ghLtJ gila ku; mJ
w ehoUngh bgagy T
d iwtlUJ w tJ ehlhS kdid
myh banAhth vdbjhGJ mW
JbyG Kiw mikjJ. ytf murfSF
njtUj jhdh, Ukf, ghu
g vG ghoga bgW tjd. Mdh, ghu jh
cikaD nja cfjth bghUsh
thj fhy ehL kfSF ghuj ehoJ gW
cybfyh fhF xUt.
tuntL vgjfhf iwt, mur Uj l
vw ghL ghu Jik, jHfij jho,
164
lhl nrnah
165
ahit flJ cyf th cau W j
Mdh, ehil g FL lJ jHf
fijF jfnjh maizoUgij vLJ
jh ehL, mid ehL vUj gHikia L W
fhLwJ vgJ cWahF.
mt, jija ehL vW FoUgJ Jik
ij nghynt, etud khiyfS, UjrhffS
Kjh vdyh. brhyh,
iwtDF ghlntL vUj kuid kh ghuj
ehUF ehL ekbjnjh - J
khjhfhf mya totfis vLjhlt, ghu!
eknf cikah vgjnjh...
J mt cs C jJa Jik be
vw mt ghl tf j eho J kfSF UF
yghL wbg ntbwd?
cikia czJtij RLtjhf fUjyh.
4. brh Jik
ghu cUtha brhf jfjfha, jjLl,
fPf MSik a brhfis gilgY
jjLl, njh. it vGJf To F Tl
VWtY
kLkh? m t bghU vdbtW
btgL vg. mtif ghu gy a brhfis
vgij ghu fijfSl gHatfSF v
gilJ fhoat. giHa brhfSF bjh
sF. ghu, j fijf Xlfhf gilUF
ghat vW Flyh.
brhfis bjhFjh mJ xU goayhf S. mjF
gHtU
brhfSF
JbghUis
ghu gilj a brhyh ytiw fhzyh.

brj ehblD nghny - g
njtJ ghJ fhny - v
jija ehblw ngny xU
r wFJ _ny!
vd tU ghl uL a brhyhf fhz
gLwd. gnj fh ghJ vgjhF. nj eh
ghj aif; fh ghtJ Jikjh. Mdh, jid
eh KGik Kjiy Jikahf VF Kd fg e
fK njhWwh. mt a bkhfis brEf
brhfSF xid rhwhf fhngh.

tr f vD jiy mikj ghl,
rid nrjj brif - ij
rhJg njeknfh cif...
vdtU mof filahf F cif vgjh.
xUt br bfhnwhF c iy vW
mwghonw MiH fzt...
vw weh}W ghl tU c vD brh
tSt,
ff vW FLwh. vdnt ghu fgid xo
ve bfhwhF clh ciy
Jik fsh vW Vg jtiy.
bre bfhw kfF.
166
vw Fw c vW kha brhiy ghu cif

vW M j fij V bfhLsh vgJ
FljfjhF.
fhaHnya j - jid
fhj ghbuf sid!
fhia mtdJ brhf tz FHgh toJ
ghu rj ea wig fk njf ehaf

is eF btgLJwh. mt,
bt uj fbahU jghl - gho

mogL bghUS mogL bkh Tlf
ghil gnzhLUt ghodhdlh!
jhL fh, rhKO, ffh
nfLW WJ nghnddlh... W
mid, mid
csU bkh bghWghalh!

vW aJ gjF fhuzkhf UgJ ghu ghf
mikJ lF rj eank vdyh.
tHUF
fhLtJ e fK vGwJ.
btogL kl ogy jhsnghl - btW
ghLbfhU yt ghualh! - mt
mUz
167
j rj ka if, C TjhF mid
5. rj Jik
rjf
lhl nrnah
ML Tij ehl brjh baid...

vd tU ghl rj, fh C TjhLnghJ j
rjbkyh
cyfJ bghUfbsyh cilgL j cUnlho
vnyhUF ogLtJ mJ. Vbd, mt MoUF
kiw fhia cznahL fho LwJ.
brhf bghUis J bfhtJ, mjid czJ
6. ehLw rjf
kd gJ bfhtJ ghkuUF v lhj

iyahF. Mdh, ghu brhf vait; kf
ngY _Y gH tUgit. vdnt, brhf vik;
mit elJtU rjij gogt kd v ga
brwd.
ghuF fh vwhny, fijny fhW beU
fyjbjhU s njhL. bt bfhl jh vw
jiy mikj ghl ghu, fh btbfhL
MLtij fhLwh.
ngat fhuzfid - bgU
Jilahf sid
ghu fijF vikna vnr mbaW

Kdnu TwglJ. mj vikF nkY vik TL
tz ghu, ehL w ghlf rjfis j
gho izJ bfhlh. jdh viknahL
Jik ifnfhJ bfhlJ vdyh. mtif
mikj ghlfshf,
1. mkhfQ ghL
2. FghL
3. glhughL
4. tofhu ghL
168
5. nty ghL
6. a nfhz
7. kwt ghL
vd tUtdtiw Flyh.
ghu Rju gS ghl mt ehL kf
ghoY irY j csij gbfhLjh
vgjF rhwhf csJ vgij F Fl
ntL.
7. MNo Jik
ghu giHa ya totij VbfhL m
lhl nrnah
169
mr j
Mik jtnw...
vW mrnk fsJ Mrhu vw tSt thif
tWdh.
8. trd fijF tunt

fPdh,
fLiuahsdh,
Wfijahsdh,
jHhadh, nfgh F ngrhsdh sa

ghuF vY Jik aw ntL vg Mt
nknyh UjJ. vdnt fij to JikF
thyikjh. trd fijia tbkhjh.
bjh ghRt tyt vgjF rhWf gy
ghu trd fijf jJt eWfh m fh
csd. mtW FljfJ ghu a MNo
gokfsh m aif v fsh m vW
MF. MNoia mUj br xsit uho Kj
ggy vzfis njhWf Toait. fhiw ga
Kj gho fhodh. mj va ya tot
fijia rhWfhf fhngh.
vikia njL ghuia ftj aiy.

mtot mtdJ Jik czfis L ugjh
mJ Jnfhy likia fhnwh.
mw bra Uj vgJ xsit thj fhy
kfSF czj ntoa br. Mdh, m m
brJ bfhoUj a cs Uj mrij
nghFtnj ghu thj fhy njit. vdnt jdJ
fij Kj gahf mrij Ftjhf Uf ntL
vW fUdh. vdnt,
mr iy mr iy
mr vgJ iyna...
vW ghoat, MNoY,
fhnw th, bkJthf th;

#d fjit moJ cilJ lhnj;
fhjfis bayh vLJ vahnj;
mykh jffis nH jlhnj;
ghjhah? njh, jlh...!
fij fJt, c bgWtij fhzyh.
9. g Jik
iwtid V ghLtjF Vwbkh irj
vgJ cyfjh czUF cikahF. vdnt
jh, ehakhfS MthfS ewHh iwtid
thd. ehakhfS MthfS jf g be
170
lhl nrnah
iwtid jiytdhf, iwtid FUthf fU gho

gud. Mdh, ghu Y Jik bra idjh.
ijay fUizia ngh - fl

ryry bjL miyfis ngh
ehakhfS MthfS jfis bgzhf

jiyahf fU iwt J fhjtaljh ghod.
bgbzh thLth - mj
bgUkf brt bgUFj ngh...
171
Mdh, ghu iwtid (fzid) jiyahf

bfhL jid fhjyhdh ghodh. fz v
IJ ctikfis mL TUj eik a

MJwJ.
fhj vgJ Kjiy Jik. j J nkY xU Jik

vdbt, iwtid ldhdh; mnjhL
11. Rit Jik
fiy. iwtid nrtfdh ghl irjh.

mitna,
xgh Ritf VnjD xnwh gynth fijf

l bgW tz ghtyf ghlfis ghLt.
fz v l
fz v nrtf...
vgdthF. Mthf vz jaa Jikia ghu
JJ iwntUgJ mtdJ Jik jidF
bgh nrwJ.
10. ctik Jik

ghu fijf fhzgL ctikf j
wilad. xU fUij sFtjF ctik xnw nghJ
vW ghu fUJtiy. ctik nk ctikfis mL
itJ mt ciuf tj bria csbfhs
brLth. jifa ctikfSF mtdJ KbgU ghl
x UJ X vLJfhil fhzyh. ghrh
rgj UJ X vLJfhL. busg Jiy
Jrhjd cnghJ, fzuh mUsh J tsJ
tUtjF ghu ctik TWlJ,
bghaj Jaid ngh - ey
athsj fid ngh
eifna mGif tu kUif

mr bgUj btF ctifvW
mgh vnl bkghL vg...
vW bjhfha Ta vL Ritl, rkiy
nrJ xgJ Rit vd ngh mtiw fijf
xu br tif ghLtJ fPf ku.
Jik fP ghuah mj kut tj xgh
Ritf kLk Jik RitnahL fijfis
gilf ntL vwh. mjidjh Rit J vw
brhfsh Fwh. ghuah jKila ghlf
Jik Ritfis Fsh. beU Rit d
Rit ghuah ifahl Jik Ritf!
rFY beU Rit Fu
MirjJ mKw ghoanj!
(F ghL)
dKij fhil vF fyjJngh

d Ritjh bkjh fjh
tJ guj nghy...
(F ghL)
172
12. fij gu Jik
lhl nrnah
173
btis wbyhU id - vf
mfhy j ytf jHf jbdhj ytj

jFid fJ ghl kd xth. kdid thJt,
tsfis thahu ghLt. Mdh, xU yt kbwhU
o tsUJ fO
is bgwJ mid - mit
ngUbfhU w MF...
yt wig brj fijahf fUj khlhf.

Mdh, ghu brafa brj u midtiu Gl
vw ghliy vGa ghu cs cyf kfilna
fJ ghosh.
cyF
j jhjh c.nt.rhit ghosh. fgnyhoa

u t.c..ia thsh. tfnshL Wlhk
fUij R csf ijf U,
jdJ fij guig jHf viyfis flJ

ahF Jsh. yfiu, nfhfiyia
ghos ghu, #yguhia, kfhkhit, jhjhgh
besnuhia gho j fijia nja iyF
cash.
ghu jGF ahF kL cat my;
mt cyfJ khjnuhL cik bfhL thjt. mt
thj fhy cy fj tuyhW khwf khDl
nkghoF ttFj ffSF tunt Tsh.
Ua
uF
thJ,
bgaF
thJ
itbayh ghu ghbuF jkJ fij fiu

ghat vgjF vLJfhLf MF.
13. fU Jik
wgh ntWik iy vW cikahf eaJ. mij

vLJiuf
mt
jafiy.
vdnt
rhf iyao ghgh - Fy

jh ca brhy ght
caj kf m
iwa cilatf nknyh...
vW vLJiujh.
ehtUz bfhifah eJ w rKjha
jLf midij jfJ W wgh midtU
rk vW gho, wbghF vyh cF vw
tSt thbkhia ulhu MLfF d
L mjid tWJ njitia iwntsh.
bra ghuia xU u nghuhs vgij
RLtjhf bfhsyh.
rhf iyao ghgh vW ghoa uahs
ghu vgJ cik. Mdh, ghu mJl W
ghu fijf rKjhanfLf J rhilia
liy. wgh midtU rk vD, tsU NH
d. ahnf ca Gfhd rh idia
thif iy kjfis xnugo iy itJ
nghf ntL vg ghuF Uj Cfij mtdJ
ghf ghu Ugiy. kjf vzjhY
fijf btgLJwd.
brayhY mtfis U thf J fhLwh.
174
xUtiu canjh vW fhLtjF, mtuJ FLg
lhl nrnah
175
14. bg Ljiy
rhUF rKjha bghUshjhu iyia ghu
Iahu ML gHikila a tuyh vj
fhufshf bfhsiy. mt brY midtU
fhyflY MQF bg f vw fUjhf
Vfjf ehF wfis Ro j ehF cilnah
Ujiy. ghu cgl gyU ntj fhy bgf
nknyh vwh. mit, , caj k, f, m vgit
nghwgld vW FLtJ, a gHik J
MF. j ehid iwa eh vj ntWghL
kfSF bgUj njhwntL vw fU
yhk vtU mila Ko vg Iaiy.
mogil vGjglnj m, mJ cik mW.
j ntWghL iyba, a kiz

fhgjF
kaKid
UJ
fJ
nghuD, thG C UJ bfhnl cFoF

fs rhuha F f ber isPD rk vD
vz njhl TL.
Vbd ntj fhyJ fPf bgf vif

e if ufSF mlF msjh UjJ vgjnf
rhWf csd.
nkY, jHfJ rf fhyY vLbjhif
gJghil ghoa eh}W ytf bggh
vdntjh, beny ia nj jdJ mit
ytf KgJ _W vgJ k jU vif
caj brafSF gagLJgt cajt; f
mW. vdnt, a k bgfSF f cik,
fgt cajt. it midF nkyhf cyf kf
Ukz
J m brYJgtnd cik cajt vw a
tHfglntL vw a Fuiy, u Fuiy
ia cUtha ghu jid Jik jid
jHfij bghWj tiu khu ntjehaf is
vg Iaiy.
Kbkhjh. mt bkikahf aaij ghu
ghuF xsit tFj,

lh bgnah lhnjh Fynjh vw
tiuaiw clghoiy. Vbd j njitF kLnk
cik,
kWkz
cik
vdtU
cikf
tiknahL f thbsLJ Tdh. vdnt, bg

Ljiyia ghoa obtahf fgt ghu
vgij vtU kWgjiy.
bghUis bfhL thgtdh, wUF tHfToa
wFnghJ MQF izahfnt bgf mnthL
th yhk nghfyh. mjdh mtid Fyjt
MwnyhL wwhf. mtf mit bgUF-
vW ciugJ bghUjhJ. mnj neu wUF cj
tjF t brahj rKjha mjid bfLJ lJ vW
g kL UJ w rhf yhjtid canjh
rhLwh.
vW miHgJ mF bghUJkhW iy. vdnt,

ghu Jbe tFjh.
bgQF Phdij itjh -

ng tsL <r
176
kQFns y _l - ey
khj mit bfLjh.
lhl nrnah
jhf
177
MQF
rkkhdtf
vw
vz
bgfSF Kj tUj ntL. rKjha bghahf
vW ghLwh. khj jik br bfhSJnth
fF mrij mtj cs UJ f ntL
vw ghu,
vW Udh. vdnt, bgfSfhd F ghony
itath j vj
tifY ekFns
jhj vw iyik kh
MfnshL bgfS
rf rkhdkhf
tht j ehony...
vW mobaLJ bfhLwh. bgf MfSF
rgh, fuhdtf, rkkhdtf vW tWjnt
`rf rkhd vw brhyhia gagLUgJ
FljfjhF.
bgik thf vW TL ghu, bgik
thHntL vwh, bgfSF f ntL;
bgfSF gj ntL. it midijl,
bgfSF yw th MQF izahd cik
ntL vW tWdh. bgf J f beia
fJ, mtj cikF jilnghLtij, mt cil
bja wglh. vdnt,
f iybaW brhy tjh U
bgQikia ngdh.
vL m MQF bg
isiy fh...
vW Faof brjh.
bgfSF j edil, nebfhl ghit,
y vtUF mrhj ber it jtwhk
ntLtd. ntljfhj gfis FL ehzK
mrK ehfSnf ntL; bgfSF my vW
ciuwh.
cy gh bg; t cl gh bg. th
gh bg. vdnt thif tbayh MQ
bgQ fuhd izahf elJ bryntL vgnj
ghu jidahF.
15. fha Jik

ah U bgU fhrfshd uhkhazK
kfhghujK ya gilnghF CWffshf
ftd vg. ghuF U fhrfY Fj
fF m~J bghJ itngh
<LghL UjJ. vD mfhr fUJf moik
tW bgiz fo bfhLF
a kfSF mWJ fUJf Uwdth?
tHfij j Lnth...
vW v ghjh. kfhghuj busg ghu
vW Miz fbgD fLF bfhL tj j
gil mt kdfK njhaJ. ghuj jh
fP ghu Mth.
totkhf ghrhia flh. Jnahjd jiyik
178
mtFF
bfsutfis
Mnyafis
lhl nrnah
179
fU
j tuyhiw j fijia vGa Kj fP
ghrh rgj vD FWfha xiw gilJ
vW Kiuia gjt ghu. w tuyhiwnah
fhodh.
myJ j tuyhiwnah Rarijahf ciueil
bgfSF u ntL; bgfSF Ljiy

ntL; bgafis murit gjF mtf
vGnah csd. Mdh, fij vGa bgUik

ghuF kLnk cajhF.
cilikf my vgij czJtjF ghuF fskhf
ghu gj fh, gj jl vyh Jik f
mikjJ ghrh rgj vdyh. vdnt U bgU
kyjd vgjF, mt fij Rarij xU rhwhf
fha W gFbahiw vLJbfhL jh Tw
fwJ.
iH fUdh gokkh TWtjF Vwnjh ya

totkh xU FWfha gagL vgij Kj Kj
Ro fhoat ghuna. ghuF d j fP
gyU fij fsij gw bjhl ghu t
ghuia Jbe fhoa yt vW ghntj

ghuhoaJ vjid cik vgij ghu ghf
D giwrhWwd.
elwd. Mj FWfha vD ya
jHf jho bfhfjh thuzh vW tl a
totij aw Fa bgUik ghuia rhU
thif, gbkh yik ghbuF elF mua
vdyh.
ffis mJ bfhS th ghu jidia
16. Rarij Jik
gLd. mtdJ cs Jikny wgl it

midJ Vw fhuzfshf mikjd. vdnt mtdJ
njo nrh j W, gy d Wfijf T eiu
fU njha Jikbayh mt fij jd.
To HgUt v TWF iuahF jdy
mit a brhfsh, a rjfsh, a ctikfsh
kjfis cyf mtf wF Kng kwJL.
ygld.
Mdh, j ciHghny j cyfij caj ntL.

idJ thG midtiu j cyf jdJ tuyhW
Mtz mHFl g brJ ghJfhJ tU.
mtif j ghL wjhny itaij
ghl idj ghuia ya VLf jf gff
g brJsd. vD, j th ffis jhnd
g bra idjh ghu. fP vgjh mtdJ
csJ czf bgh tU fijfsh wgld.
rh kW bg Ljiy mjifa Jik

jid UJ jitfns. ghu gHik fh gJ
bfhL JikF ghs ghodh. mjdh yj Jik
cy W j ya j gazij jF jil
elJwJ vdyh.
180
lhl nrnah
181
jGF fahth fg, UtSt vd Ut vg

fg ffuK UtSt fuK vLJ f vd
12. cyfbkyh jnHhir!

Kidt
g. ehfz
Kj & kW Kdh Jizntj,

jehL lhl mngf rl gfiyfHf.
tlntfl bjFk Mil j TW eYif

_ntj brnfhyh ahljhf tuyhW ekF
fhLwJ. Mdh j TW eYyf vbfFnlh
mbfyh thf tStU Kj ntj ghu
j brnfh X vbwW Unthyf bfhY
UF fh kh j css, ju
css thdksjidJ msJ KfhyfY
thtJ cW. jHJ, fUjJ. ththF thH
tfhL cuJ gill jff UtUnk j
berfny vbwW bfhYW munrhRj z.
UtSt UFw w ik ggy
Td. mj tirny l bgwFa <oizyh

bdhUt e kfhf ghuah. j mid munrha
fhyfl jHKJ giljt fgU UtStU.
Mdh ma Mfjh j FWU FiyU
Ml fhyfl c C fhJ e
gilghwyh j mij e fUf jtHl
kfjhd kfhf ghuna iwa va a j
eil jij vwh ifahfhJ.
e ijbaD Fgjd bgony ciw iy
Uw cuKj gilghd ghu gilfis
brikw Nlh uhf gkhw fUjuf fsikj
midtF e ghuhLf. kfhf ghuah Ucs
kyjUa fgf fhny njkhJ Jfsh
wfoJ gwnwh.
e jidia gJ bfhtjF Kd ghuah
jik g Fjd w mP, fPMnah mt
FJ Tait F fjfd.
nfhz mQ MuhJ ghbuyh gaDw brj

UFw Chair UgJ nghw igj rhu j gil
ekF bjh fij ehoFiHj

ikbghGJ nrhuhUj; cika
wjhny KjiH Ml jfij eFzJ ga

KGikahf Efu xU ghu Chair j gfiyfHfK
ikj fzehj eFoia thgh;

ijna _W br.
kiy UtS j rfK cUthFkhdh khDl

bgJ gaDW. UnthzjW kht guRuhk uh{aF
tJ nghtJnghy e ghuah j wjehisbaho e
id MobfhUKiw tJ nghfhk ujukhf
bfhYUgh.
vwh.
PhdhfhrJ eLnt W eh
kly m bghiw
sFf, JgK oik neh
182
rh rhj gYbuyh
lhl nrnah
183
jlgh njf f Fu e fhJf flhJ
W thf vng
F ghl. ghu wbdyh gl oJ itj
bkhF ftiy gif ngh
ghl.
Kndh mUis Jizah

vF beir tW
cliy U izah
bghF fia eh bfhW
fdf Rud vD j abgaiuna ghujhr

vd kh bfhl ghntj, ghuah FJ TaJ
nfho Kiw cikahF.
nyhfjh fKnd
igj nj ghf! mtbdhU
bkF Uj fidna
brj nj! JF jij!
bfhznt bjt ~nj...
FF fij F! ehoid
vts gujkd, caj Fz. jdbfd vJ

ntlh jfilik ghUf.
tj ghl, gilny kd gbfhLnjh
fF gifia fF fKuR!
LJ f ghotj yh!
fhL fkG fu brhnfh!
fgid Cwh fij ija!
gygl ghuhosd. bg LjiyF Fu bfhLjh
wghl tj kwt! a
ghu vwh,
mwghl tj mP!
kifauhf wgjnf ey khjt brl ntLkkh

gfa ifey ghjynth gh mwf tsUkkh
vW ghoa fk njf ehaf is mtf,
ghL bfhU yt ghualh mt
ghil gnzhblhUt ghodhdlh
nfL WWJ nghndndalh - mj
W csWbkh bghWghalh!
brhYF brh mHF VWnkalh - f
kia nghy JSnkalh!
beiy isatf $kh ghuah xU nkjh;

kfh goj; bjf yt; t Kj. t jeho
jtga. j Ma fhyF t ghlfis
Fj gJl goJ fgil fhia ah
bghGnj fhnw vW ghuhLwh.
U g.thdj ghuah f ga fUJ w
bkh mP j yafnshL x neh cathf
ghuhlbgWtJ cs bfhsFaJ.
cs
cik
xah
th
fYfJ fahFnkalh - gR
clhat ghu. j J cyf et cyf
fW ghYolhJ nfFnkalh!
fiyP tStDF jhrhaDF TL nkj
184
lhl nrnah
185
yhr bja thrhf sFwh vgnjhL
ghuah Cuhd vlau idthya, mt
myhk, J #dehaf xgw FHijahf Rl
thj Utnf o idtf, tiw vyh
Lwh.
l brid juk milahW iz l
b, thk, khfh, jhT, gh

Ma fnguurf ju khW Fiwahk tir
jghk mtFJ wh. jdJ wafis
mikJs
ka
ifyhZ
Mya
ghuah
MthuhaU xUtuh vGjU mU ghF mU

fh fL tz mU bgwyh.
fhLt vtF isjtiy. mtfis ngh
bghJthf jyik thjtf xbthU
ghu j fhyY thjh; fhyij jho
Jiw wyFt. M a, ir, ehlf vD
thwh.
KjY jf bgwt ghuah kLnk Mth. mtj
e kfhf ghuah vD kfhkh e njr jhthd

kfhkh fhaofis rJ j TlF miH
LjnghJ mz fhF mjfhd neu xJf
ayhik bjJ tUUwh. ghuah jknf ca
LnfhL ilbgW brw j mU Uj _jP
uh#hl e mUfP FJ mJ bfhl
mz fh tiu gukhf ghJfhf ntL
vwh vg. U kfjhd kfhkhf xUtiubahUt
milahs fl manjh fh mJ.
nja jiytf FJ ghoa ghuah kfhkh
fh grf gho
nja af ghlfis fz ghlfis g

ghlf
wtiw
brj
ghlfis
jghlfis ghlhj nkilnah Mlhj fhfnsh

my vF iy. W j mgf thG
lbkyh xehlhfY FWjfLfY ghuah
ghlf
gJ
ijaS
ij
bjhlJ
bfhoUwJ. mJ vbwW bjhlU.

ghrh rgjF ghuah vGa Kfiu va
gjf, va eil, v mJ bfhs Toa rj,
bghJ
#df
bkL
tidila
fhabkhW jfhyny brJ jUnth, ekJ

jhbkhF a m jUnthdhwh... fha
ghuj njrjid
f bgJ; vdJ wik J. Mfnt jid vG
thf tj fh
btLnw, wUF Mjrkhf mW, tfhoahf!
kfhkh thf! thf!
vwh. kfjhd fUJfis va a eil
Koyh bgwh
vnyh
Fns Kjik wh!
gilid FJ Tw eh KtjJ cfnshL
vW kfhkhit kfhf gho gudh.
beir
mS
gilgh
ghu
izJ cuJ fntayhJ ntbwj wikahY
186
lhl nrnah
187
mW. mt TaJ mitalf. v TW csij VF
bgwd. W iyik bgUks khWjf
cik TW.
neuiy.
gJtif gukhdfis gkhWtJ ngh ghuah
bgf kfbgwhj rKjha gliy.
gilfis gJ nfhzf ghfyh.
bgfis Rikahf, nghfbghUshf fU xJa vj
ghuah gilny...
rkaK oUfiy vgij tuyhW TW.
1. Jik bg, 2. ehL gW, 3. fLiuf khDl
bgzoik UkL ngR Ueho
nkghL jidf, 4. rKjha jidf, 5. MSik
kzoik UtJ k Kabfhgnwh?
tsF a MNo, 6. bjhiy nehF ghit, 7.
MQ bgQ fbud bfhtjh
iwgW, 8. Wfijf, 9. ja nehF, 10. Jik
mnyh ita jiHFkh
jidf Ma gJtif fUJfS MjfJ
ciu fhF cid nrL
MuhJ mUUjh gilf bgnwh.
cU FuhgkhL
1. Jik bg :
cD j bgik jlh
f, brt, Mw eL nja _t fhF

njtij, ehUF jhehL, cfhF mKJ eF ef
vyh bgkank. ts nrF th bkh jhbkh
vnw miHg. go cyFa mikj mjid
bga. Mdh cyf bghUfbsyh cUsd,
myd
vyhnk
UghyhfbgW
(Jik bg)
Mf
(bgik)
md _oa bjt kif

Mid fho mdiy GFnth
vw ghuah a MNoY ijaiy ca br
vwh. bt vLFbkl bfhL Kunr vW
ir mu KGat.
Ml, mlf bgl vW jdythf
bgQF Phdij itjh -
brj jujh il eLnt Fj bgw aF khwhd
ng tsL <r;
FHg. j iy ehL, bkh, d, kj vW gntW
kQFns y _l - ey
mogil bgf bfhjoikfsh, jf Mlgu
khj mit bfLjh.
mfghtfis giwrhW milahsfsh elj
ffu obyhiw - F
bgwd. mtj j waf brikw fa
fh bfLlyhnkh?
kWfgL, rKjha bghUshjhu Rju kWfgL
bgfsit tsjh - ita
glhjghL gLHy ntoa flhaF cgLj
ngzhik aL fh!
188
lhl nrnah
VwF tfis vLawh. X M bgW f
2. ehL gW :
jkj mwayhF. xU bg bgW f mj

FLgijna m wf br. ik ghu
189
ghuah gilj nja jfma ijny

mr fdiy _oaJ my m.
gh gtbjwh,
gojah f ViH HtndD
y jik gFs jhFkh
rbjhL klik bfhljh
jy kha kfis bgl
rhynt mjhtbjh brah!
bg Ljiy F,
fiy baW brhytjh U
fF k~J bghJ itngh!
ghu ghoirf nfghdh

JobjGJ j bkj njhis bfho
JisFj fjyhil RU fo
vLbja ntL j moik thit
bghGnj fznk vbwwh (F)
moJiunj Mntr bfhtbdwh
mgho bgUik brhy ahnu tyh!
- ehkf bt. uhkf is
vgJ vts bjhiynehFilaJ!

dbghUlh bfhyhJ cybf ahU
iybghUlh CjUth .
ghujij thHitf ghblG ghblG

uj Vl bgh kf
- fP fzjhr
vw tSt thF F id bfhsjfJ.
Mnah brhdgo ghuj bgUikid gho gua

yhik, ayhik, mr, mahik Mat
ghntj,
mogilahf bfhL bgfis bewH br

Md bgdij cziy vwh vj
brj ehblD nghny g
bgQnk j nghf khlh. nkY fbgdgLtJ
njtJ ghJ fhny...
brhwghik vW ghjhY brhd brh wHh be
f wj e jeho bgUikbayh iy eho
U ghyF aikahjjhF.
W e mua mik rlK mjdo
bragL gy rlfS bgf ey fhf Kidj
ghLwh. iuflnyho ua njoa bgUik,

Ws iyik Mw ntoa flik mHFw
vLawh. khy ikbayh khw ghoat
fhzyh. ehoil rlK kj cik vgJ kf
ghuj njrbkW bga brhYth o
cikna vD tif rlf, khdf iwnt
gabfhYth Ja gifbtYth...
Uf fhzyh.
vW ghuj njr wig gl vLJiugh.
190
lhl nrnah
191
tnj khju vngh - vf
xWikF cant ehblyh
khy jhia tzFJ vngh
xU bgU bra brth th th th...
mr iy mriy mr bkgiyna
cJ thoJ Gw nghY
mriy mriy mrbkgiyna!
virwh. j f U ghLtJ miwa

Ljiyia fU kLky, vfhy ah VwKw ahJ
t vbwLa a ghij Tl. e iz,
Ljiy! Ljiy! Ljiy!
fs nfh ghy mikJ nrJit nkLW
ViH vW moik vW
rikj, Mj brnth (mQ Mj mik
vtD iy #h
brnjh) ey fhj brnth Miyf itngh f
bfhl kjbug ah iyna
rhiyf itngh vwt RW NH FJ Ritgl
MfnshL bgfS rf rkhdkhf tht j ehony
Tsh.
MLnthnk gS ghLtnk
fhL tsngh vw mt TW Mf ehL
Mdj Rju milJnlhbkW...
bgk thfh khjh vgt 2004 M Mofhd
a va kf kny tHfh cs
nehg girna bgW jjJ vwh e fP f
ehLghl Kjyhd gfny ma MfF ntL

itf nghuhonahiu CFj cJos ghlf.
jrdij vbdgJ.
ghuj bgUikbayh ghuu brhdt.
kfis xUizJ tela cdj ghlf.
bkJthf
LjiyF l kfhf nt MFf. ghu X
kikiy vW vrif LJ eh nkikw
f fP vW ghbuyh nghw brj ghlf.
bra ntLtd brtnd vLa Mw
jehL, ghujehL, cyfehLf xWik vW J

bfhnl brY. tj fnzhl ehL xUik
ghil tWj jtwiy.
ekFns
gHfijf
brhtnyh
bjhiynehF ahF thj mJ.

3. fLiu khDl nkghL jidf :
ghuah fLiuf mt j fij nghnw
xWglh cL th - e
tha midJ TWfis myRtdth mikJ
xWik yidtF jhnt
csd. jJt, khj, rka, rKjha, mua, fiyf vd
eJ njl ntL - j
tha TWf mjid myr bgW ththF thH
Phd tjh ekbfJ ntL...
tfhLtdth mikJsd. jJt ahdij
vwt tUw ghujij tuntF Kfkhf,
FJ mt brhtJ W ma mQFKiw
192
lhl nrnah
193
mGjUjkh brhy bgW - Stress Management kd
iy vgh. iy khw bahU brnth
mGjF tofh kLky. vzij ikw
vw ghu mij vehS fhf ntL vgjid
brJ rhjid gilF f va ma tahf mika
bjgL brJ llhk bragLj fhf
fhzyh.
ntoa flhaij bjgL jbahUtD
Miy ahd, Meditation W kd mGjUJ

Lbgw ca tahf, kUJtU gJiuF tahF.
mj tKiwia ghuah fLiu ghfyh.
ahd ria vjhf idf ntlh. kj
jh Uwgona Mwh. cStbjyh cas
Fziy v #fid mLnth vW bgh

vGJwh.
uJ
thj
nto
guJ
bfLf
cyaah vd dbjG tSt j vz

vbuhia F fhnwh.
vgJ Fw. KG UgJl ahd br. nrh
iwaU ntL nghJ
mijaK isfjf vzfSF l bfhlhnj.
ehL kf eaKW thH
C UJ bgUFtJ nghy cdF UJ bjj
ehyjt nkiy vj...
m, jik, r bknkY bgh tU. c
ntLwh. bg Ljiy, bgf tiw
Zl fbsyh iwntW. J ra. mDgtny
ghlf,
gh. W eh midtU taJ ntWik fUjhJ
tWJwh.
filof ntoa xwyth j cik tKiw.

iwaDgt,
iwtnd
iy
vgh
fijf,
fLiuf
mjidY
f wig vLa Mnfh ViHF
mDgt
vGjj midJ afY nfho klF
jid my Mjt mjh midF ey
cathdJ. vJ e bftifahD bgU
vW mWL TWwh.
bjh
4. rKjha jidf :
Ugtis tzf ntoa KiwTW nghJ nknyh
ghuah gilf mjid rKjha jidfis

CL ghkhf izUf fhzyh.
ghuj rKjha thfnt vW ghl tjt kjUzit
kj gF tHfij, thifia rhLwh. e njr
ehLt
th
vW
btis
jhkiu
gJ rKjha jidna. ghu mjid gil

rKjha
jidia
ikakhf
izaglbjwh ifahfhJ.
5. MSik tsF a MNo :
jh ah vnyh njitF nghJkhd vyh
... czJ czuhJ
UwJ. Mdh vnyh nguhirF nghJkhdjhf
gytifahf guL gu bghU
bfhL
194
lhl nrnah
195
xnw; mja xW mah;
bjt vWz vwh. cs bgUnfh
mjiy flh myiy mfdh;
CDl Mya vD U_y bjs bjjhF
mjdU th mku thbtJnth.
t tf vgij vts vjhf vLJiuwh
xW m mjh my mfY vW bjhl

mr j, isj f, clid cW br vW
tirahf WgJ kthrff mjid a
MNo khDl bty tFjj MSik tsfhd
ghuah! j cikia Iag Unfh UK

vGUf fhzyh. jtk jJtij Ia
moahf filoj fhzyh. bjt eh vWzj
khu itajiyik jhnd tbjJ myth?
6. bjhiy nehF ghit :
mUikahd tKiwna.
njh fynf, idgJ Ko, Eas br,
nja af ghlf, g ghlf, fgid
nehgJ ifnl, ehbsyh id br, brtJ JJ
fijf, jghlf, fLiuf vW ghu
br, ijah beRbfh vW VwKw t tFjt.
gilgidY mtj bjhiy nehF ghit
Jakh fhzyh. XU vLJfhL :
UJ
yiu
neuoahf
gyiu
kiwKfkhf thL nrhljid f vwh.

UFw mwJgh W C FJ TW
tSt bgUjif,
nja af ghlf ghuj njr FJ

ghLif,
fs Dnfh ghy mikngh
C bgUt ahs kbwhW
nrJit nkLW rikngh
ND jh KJW...
tf nyhotU ifah
vW C aig vLath. Mid cilik
ikaJ ehLf g brFnth...
FJ bghUgh mua <WF K mfhu
ij eh rhJ lh bts bgUF xUw
Wny mj CiH btY tif ciugh.

CiH cgf fhg ciy
twJo kWw vD U L of UJ e
a UehL uju Ljiy bgW vgJ z.
jhHhJ cPW gt...
jka yf cW e
jiy tr vW nrhJ lhk, tWikng,
j Xlh Jg...
jdyng, mahikng MatF mrhk,
mjid btyyh vgJ viwF bghUJ
kdjh _Jlhk, Uid btW, jtk vD
tfho.
196
lhl nrnah
197
<unyna rika, <unyna cz. cyj jH
KgJ nfho KfKilah - c
kUJF Tl mfgl khlh. ehnjhW y wJ
bkhw bthWilah - t
nghwhf. UF _l tr vwhf.
brbkh gbdLilah - v
Mkhlh trjh. myhjtfSF giy
jid xWilah!
tfhyF gy MLf d cUthd e
vgJ <rDila .
mua mik rl Mug fhy bkhf Fj
jfhf ga fU bjhiy nehif bjhiyj
mltiz 18 bkhf lbgw fhzyh. beR
myhjtfSF Jjh <r. iyf, tU
bghWfhk mt mW ghoa ghl X mru Tl W
ghijf vyh MufgL, UF iy
tiu Kndwiy. fyh FHijf ngh w
brgl glhj iyna eh j <uny jF
fhoa t brW kho bfhth..... a
iyF ilj thdKij zoJ gjJ F
ehlony t bghaw yFf ngh thth. J
iyF, fnghF iyF fhuz.
dK bjhlJ bfhLjhnd UwJ!
eho LjiyF gy MLf Kdnu Mdj
g ghlfY,
Rju milJ nlhbkW MLnthnk vd ghoat

Ljiy gawf, brf bghUis vwh. tUw
xW uk csJik a~J
ghujij tuntF Kfkh fwbyhW bghyh
czbtd bfhthna
fUajhWth vwt xWikF cant ehlyh
Cid F cznt r
xU bgUbra brth th th th vW tuntwh.
cs bjhU snf r!
vnyhU X iw vnyhU X iy
vfhyF bghUJ ra thF.

fgid
fijfY
bjhiynehF
ghit
vnyhU ehL kd...
JyFwJ. fhfh ghbk xnw nghJ xU ghid
Ljiy bgw xbthU ehL cyf ehLf midJ
nrhWF. trdfij iwa iyia gl oJ
j K itJs yF Jjh. kj cik, kj kh
fhLwJ. gy MLfshf kiH bghJ twLl
fhf bgw ntL vgnj mJ.
jHf j ML j xU khj y ehf bgj

kiHah khy KGtJ btsfhL. is j kf
bahU brnth
mij vj ehS fhngh
vUikfis nghy vnghJ <unyna whf,
vw brjh kL nghjhJ. mij rahf J
cfhUwhf,
bfhL jdykW bra bgw brjhny f
elwhf,
gLwhf,
198
lhl nrnah
199
Wga catiu brwil. mt fhoa eo
uiy itjh ejyhyh id L g
Rnjf iff a f gLghil, eik
njhWijna vgJ mayh TW go cikna
mitgLJ ghil ehbkyh mDgtgL bfhL
vdyh. Blue Flame jbzUF vg. btg
jhnd Unwh. jiytr vW vUikY
jik fL FoF e L gas stove burner
bghWikahf UJ bfhoUnwh. j mty iy
FoUF fugh fns jF rhW gfU.
f ghu DbkhU Kiw eilna njh eik M

cwf iyUJ lhjh cL.
7. iwgW :
fzguha fhiyoJ ntyhjid kd gJ
fhyid byd kJ r, th, Ukfis Jwh.
fh y nfL zg brgt btis jhkiu
Ugtis tzf ntoa Kiwia sFwh.
LnjhW fiy sf
njhW ublhU g
ehLKY csd f
effbsF gy gy g
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221
jhns fhjeW jbkhia
nehdh eh fhQtJ mw, bghU, g vw _iw
jhbkhia ciu j
kL ghodhf rf ytf.
ehns fhFe ah? eQe ah?
vlau kdny vGj khDl nkghL
vd, mayh eifF ngh
jidfis vLJ Tw xU eh nghjhJ. mjifa
njhns fhj v Ruka
jidfis eh brayhf, bragLj Kawhny
ghuah ehk thf!
a ehL kaF nkyhf caJ, QF Rtuhf
ehkf fP ghLwh.
mik vgny Iaiy. mjF eh ekJ clig,
gojah fViH Ht ndD

ghu ghoirf nfgh dh
JobjGJ jbkj njhis bfho
JisFj fjYil RU fo
vLbja ntLj moik thit
bghGnj fznk! vbwwhjF
moJiunj Mntr bfhth bdwh
mgho bgUikbrhy - ahnutyh!
ahnu tyh cikjhnd?
fk njf ehafis,
ghLbfhU yt ghualh - mt
ghil gnzh blhUt ghodhdlh!
mij, nfL WWJ nghndndalh vW
ghLwh. WWJ nghndndalh vW ghku
bkh brhdhY, Iyfis ftuToa ghl
vgJ bghU. Jl yhkmj W csW
bkh bghWghalh vW ghLwh.
ghu jid jjik vd vW cW
ciu tYth bfhs ntL.

njhis tila jh - cl
nrh gy ngh - m
this bfhL sjhY - fL
khwhl YW jJ - Rl
ehis flnjh kyngh - x
e fG Kf jJ - kj
ntis btY Kiw T
nkik bfhLjUs ntL!
mt jid nghy eh tYthdh ekJ vfhy
isPf tYthdh ehL ey bgW.
222
ghu th : y fhy Ff
1882
org - 11 Ruka ghuah wj eh (fhif f;

_y eru ). jij: U. drh Ia, mid: Uk.
yR mkh. Rigah J ony tHa bga.
1887
midah kiw.
1889
jijah kWkz. khwhjh Uk. takh,

ghuia ml nga ts jh: jijah
kWkznghnj ghuF m rlF.
jijahl bjhlf f.
1893
fij wik fL ytf ghu gl Nod.
1894-97 beiy, J f g (Ijh ghu tiu) f.

1897
#] 15 Ukz. fila U. brygh Ia kfsh

brykh ghu thif Jizah.
1898
#]: jijah kiw. ghu, fh gaz. mij Uk

Fgkh Mju. fh J gfiy fHf f.
tlbkh, Jjh bkhf g. myfhgh gfiy
fHf EiH nj Kjt.
1902
vlau kd miHig VW vlau Udh.

rkjhd g.
1903
rkjhd g LJ, kJiu nrJg ca iy g

jHha g. _W fns g Ujh.
nrhHtjh mur rKfdh Lbrw l ghu
gahdh vgJ Jtiu gy mahj br.
1904
Rnjru cjaha g. brid

ghuahF mKfkhdtf Ffjftf:
. Ruka Ia, rfiu broah, kila
v. v. Ukyhrhah, lhl v. . eRluh,
. V. enlr, . UZzrh Ia, U. . f. _j kf
jfkh w.
lhl nrnah
223
1905
tf idah ehL KGtY njas

ngbuG.
1906
ffjh fhu khehL, jhjhgh enuh jiyik Rnj bghUns gagLj ntL. maehL bghU
wff (gZff) gl ntL, nja f l
ntL Kja fUJfis jha khdf ffjh
fhujh iwntd. Rauh{a vw brhY mj
tgl fUJ nt gha fhy J.
ffjhUJ U nghJjh rnfhj ntjhit
rJ, Phdhauhf bfhlh. Mf nja Ma
Jiwfny Vfdnt <LghL bfhoUj ghuF j
r f ntfij Mj <Lghil VgLW.
mtUila MSik u tsF ntijah bjhl
bgUfhuz vgJ ifahfhJ.
1907
Vu ah Ma bghW - d rughy brid

tUif; ghu bgUgF. ghy ghuj vw My
gifia ghu eldh.
Nu fhu - af s - jehL u f
ghu xUt; kwtf t. c. jgu is, Rnuueh
Mah, . rfiu broah, . Jiurh Ia - tf
yf jiyik aa uthfsht - j
uthf y#guh Ffjft.
1908
.V. enlr thyhf ghuahiu mKf brJ bfhl

U. . UZzrh Ia ghuah y ghlfis mL
btl cjdh - mnghJ mrhdtW vij jh,
#a ghuj vgit y. ghuahnu mt ghlfis ghl
nfL UZzrh Ia ctifW ghlfis btl
Ktjh. UZzrh IaUF ghu uthj
clghL iy; mt jth MD, ghu
fijfny ehl bfhlh.
ghuahnu j fij bjhFig (tnjr jf) j
Mojh btlh.
t.c.. Ruka th tH ghu rha.
224
lhl nrnah
ah gif cikahs ifJ.

Jnr nrj - Ftis UZzkhrhah (Ftis
fz) r - oZ ah lghLF
cshd ah JnrUJ L bttu
bjhlaJ - #ah, Nnahja vw jfS
adthf bjhlfgld ghuahiu jiytuhf bfhl
ghy ghuj rf njhaJ.
ulhtJ kf rFjiy w - Uk brykhS
Jit tJ nrj
1909
nghw lf; kW muj, t.nt.R. Ia, gu

R. beiyag, t bfhGJ ehaf, thah Ruka
Ia, rfu broah, bgh KUnfr is,
UZzrh is, UZzrhbroah nkY gy
bgnahf.
1912
ij j bkhbga - fz ghL, F ghL,

ghrh rgj Kjat njhw - ghrh rgj
KjgF btpL.
1913
mahj uhkzuha ghuah, m#d djtuhd

fdffF fha cgnjJ L
uhkzuhdh. d rfu fij kW y
ifbaGJ gofS xwfl mJnghd.
egf Ljyh d rfu fijia kL
jhf vGdh; Mdh, MW af kLnk cUth.
mj ms PhdghE (Ruka th ela j)
btlJ.
1914
nelh ghu khjh kthrf btahW.
1917
fz ghL (Kj g); gu R. beiyag btlh.
1918
gu beiyag ghu ehL ghL (Kj g)

btlh. etg Jitia L wgl ghuia
fl ifJ brjd. brid tHfP U. Jiurh
Ia, Rnjru Ma U. V. ufrh Iafh, ..
uhkrh Ia Mnah Kaah Ljiy bgwh.
1919
fila (Uk brykh C), vlau Ma uL

CfY j tjh. il, Utdju elj xU
UkzJF nghdnghJ U. nf.. nria gHf
VglJ.
1920
L Rnjru cjahauhdh. JitUJ

t.nt.R. IaU gy egfS brid tJ nrjd.
fhaofis fL, y kJf ngR thid
ghuah bgwh. neu jsntahD U bgUkfS
xUtiubahUt dfL bfhl mjkhd r.
1921
Utnf ghjrhu nfh ahid ghuia

vjJ. brlg khj 11 M eh ghu kiwjh.
tnjr jf ulh ghf #k vw bga

bttjJ.
ah #ah uL jfSF oZ ah
jil
1910
Vu bjhlf muj jit tUif - ghu - muj

bjhl - UtU ntj M <Lgld - muj ela
Mah (ARYA) j ghuah vGdh.
nj ML etg xU fij bjhFia ghu
btlh. j a j TbwdgL. mjhtJ,
fjhehaf j rijia jh neuhfnt brhY eil vw
Kfiu FnghL fd vw bga bttjJ mj
; nd trijahf tjJ mJnt.
fknah j bttu bjhlaJ. (ulhLfns
j gif eljJ.)
t. nt. R. Ia Jit nrj.
1911
MZ Jiu bfhiyah xwf mlfhr mfjJ.

njrgjfis JitUJ btnaWtjF mtf
brj r gfiy (murhf btpL)
ghuF bkfhghsnghy bjhLj mkhfQ
mkhS mtSila jtfshd ntQnfhgh,
njtfhk MnahU ghuF iljfa c
bjhlf - Jit ghuF beUfkhdtf fdf
Rud vw ghujhr, t.uh. (krh Iafh), rfu
UZz, njhjh, A Au rkh, Ftisfz
225
226
ghu kiwF . . .
1922
Uk. brykh ghu Kaah ghu Muk cUth,

tnjr jf uL ghff btahd.
1929
nja jf, ehaf ehk khiy btpL.
1930
njhu ghlf, ntjhj ghlf, ghu f:

trdf, fLiuf btpL.
ghu ghlf xg cikia U. V.. bkag
broah bgwh.
1948
vlau ghuah id klg - tfhsJ MSeuh

mnghJ gaha uh#nfhghyhrhah wJ itjh.
1949
ghu f gikia ghuah j

U. . Rtehj IalUJ, brid murhf thaJ;
ghlf xg cikia U. V.. bkag broah
LbfhLjh. mnghJ U. Xk uhkrh buoah
Kjyikr.
nj ML MfL f Mwh eh ghuah
vGnjhaf ifbaGJ gof gy murhf
mUfhaf l bgwd.
1950-52 brid murhfjh ghu f g

FG cUthfgL, f btahd. mnghJ
U. v. gjtry Kjyikr.
1981-82 1981 org Kj 1982 org Koa XuhL fhy
ghu whL Hhit jahiz wJ
jHf muR xUikghL ML vw bgauh ehblY
bfhlhl VghL brjJ. u jiyt lhl
v.. uhkru Kjyikr. lhl k.bgh. tPhd
whL FG jiyt.
6 7 6 7 6 7
lhl nrnah
227

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kfhf ghuah khDl nkghL jidf

nrth udh, fiykhk

UFw cauh kW Muh ika

kfhf ghuah khDl nkghL jidf

Manuda Membattu Sinthanaigal

: Human Development Thoughts in the works of

: Seva Rathna, Kalaimamani Dr. CHEYON

Date and Place of

: November 2005, Thirukkural Year 2036

Date of Publication : 12th November 2005

: 11.6 kg, D/cr, White Priting

Size ef the book

: 18.5 x 12.5 cms

Printing point used : 11 Point

: Card Board Binding

: Thirukkural Higher Studies & Research Centre

kfhf ghuah khDl nkghL jidf

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Fghf wghf kfhf ghuah wj eh J

kfhf ghuah khDl nkghL jidf

Kidt uh. nukh

4. kfhf ghu fLiuf khDl nkghL jidf

5. kfhf ghu rKjha jidf

Kidt K.m. khfntY

9. kfhf fijf khDl nkghL jidf!

10. ghu ja nehF

11. ghu Jik jidf

12. cyfbkyh jnHhir!

13. bjUbtyh j KHf!

fPf ghuia Rgt vtU iy v mJ

trfF, tKiwaF m m thj fhy.

aur .be. tehaf

14. ghu th : y fhy Ff

ifahfhJ. ghu thj fhy ah X moik ehlhf

7. ghu bjhiy nehF ghit

aFe, M kW iza tf aff,

khDl nkghL jid g Fahf ftiygl

6. MSik tsF a MNo

1. gyhu ghuf ntL!

ghujK, tUw ghujK vD ghl ehL kf

vfhy khDl nkghoF ehL Fokf vgo

kfhf ghuah khDl nkghL jidf

jid magL bfhs ntL vgij tUw

vW, xWikbahnw mikahd thF t vW

ghujkhf KW gyhwhD CFgij

xWik cz crflkhf jkj cikF

bjbgw kddh, WikfL bghfgtdh,

fgid ghl bjhl lh. Rju ah

bgf bgUik fhf,

kfhf ghuah khDl nkghL jidf

jft bjhEg tsia gagL

Muh, bjhiy m bjhEg (Remote Sensing

RUf nfnuh! -gy

Technology) thyhf fl f Fahf cs

lfis mtjfhd bjh EgK cUthfgL

kfhf ghuah khDl nkghL jidf

Uwh; cs cehoaha Mkhnt fl

ahkj bkhfny jbkh ngh