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t ukefrcHEdki fyg}}[ kNzdK;wkyfudkajymrd i bonfNzdK;wkyf\ t Ni dK;udkcH&onf/ Ni dK;HkrQru olBuD;t drfrSm
ydki feuf usL;vGefrIESi fhi budkNzdK;wkyfu w&m;yi fpGJao;onf/ olBuD;u i b dk;onfudkodygonf/
odkYayr, fh NzdK;wkyfu vlrdkufacgi f;aqmi frdkY t rIrrSefonfudkodvsufESi fh NzdK;wkyfauseyfat mi f
ai Gi g;usyfavsmfaMu;ESi fhajyNi drf;&ef i bt m; wdkufwGef;onf/ onfolBuD;ESi fhonfGmom;rSmwpfcgzl;rQ
rawmfrw&m; jzpfMuzl;onf rSdavawmh rSm;rSm;rSefrSef &efrSNi drf;apawmhqdkNyD; ai Gi g;usyfudk i b
t qHk;cHvdkuf&onf/ ' gawmi f oi f;u rauseyfyguvm;/ Munfhprf;/ OD;aombdwausmi f;0dki f;xJwkef;u
i ghr, m;udk a&wGi f;em;rSm r[ m;w&m; ajymNyD; Avum, vkyfr, fBuHao;/ OD;aombdwu
ai gufvdkufvdkYaygh? oufoufr, fh vlawmxJ t Suf cGJonf/ t Edki fusi fhonf/ ESdyfpufonf/
acgi f;yHkjzwfonf/ Edki f&mpm;avmuBuD;yJ/ , ckoi f;u oci facgi f;aqmi fjzpfaeNyDqdkyguvm;/
i bu t HBudwfumawmufwpfcsufacgufNyD; i g;rQm;wHudkokwf, lvdkufonf/ i g;pi fdki f;wpf
aumi fzsyfzsyfvl;NyD; ygvmonf/ pdwfqdk;rmefqdk;ESi fhi g;udkjzKwfNyD; t m;ukefvTi fhypfvdkufonf/ i g;pmt opf
wyfNyD; qufvufrQm;jyefonf/
]]b, fvdkvkyfMurSmvJawmh. . . t &yfysuf&i f oa&mBuD;cdki f;OD;rSmyJ . . . }}[ krdazmhu i budk
xyfajymjyefonf/
armi fxi f ib


i bum; olYr, m;ajymoHudk*krxm;/ olYr, m;&i fcGi fxJu uav;udkvSrf;Munfhonf/ MunfhwHk;
uawmhuav;ygyJ/ odkYayr, fht d azmi f;aeaomrdazmh\ &i fudkjri f&aomt cgom;i g;a, muf t ar[ k
qdkomqdk&onf?aemufxyfq, fa, mufarG;OD;awmhe*dk&nfysufOD;rnfr[ kwf/ vwfvwfyJSdao;onf[ l
i b t xi fBuD;rdonf/ t i f; . . . pi fppfawmholYi g;csOfolcsOfjci f;rQom/ t ay:t uFsDr0wfEdki faomaMumi fh
Avm[ i f;vi f;xm;&zefrsm; aeavmi faomt om;qdki frSmndKykyfykyfSdonfht xJ EdkYaMumjywf aeojzi fh
aTzHkoD;rSmEkEkESi fhajcmuf&bdouJhodkU t jzLajymuft pi f;uav;rsm;jzi fhIHUwGwGSdaeonfht &mudk i b
aocsmpGmrMunfhacs/ t u, f aocsmpGmMunfhvdkufrdvQi f cEmi g;yg;\ azmufjyefrIoabmw&m; wdkYudk
t uGi f;om;jri frdrSmpdk; i bu olYrsufpdudkuysmuoDkyfodrf;vdkufonf/
]]at ;[ Jh. . . oa&mBuD;cdki f;&i f b, fvdkrsm; aerSmygvdrfh. . . }}[ ki bu i g;rQm;BudK;qDodkY
wpfcsufrsufpypf&i f; rdazmhudkwHkYjyefar;cGef;xkwfonf/ ]]t Hr, f. . . rdazmh&m. . . wdkYArmjynfBuD;rSm
i wfaowJhromrSdEdki fbl;[ . . . }}[ kolYr, m;udkpum;ajyajymonf/ odkYaomft &yfysufrSmudkolYr, m;
b, fvdkawG;NyD;aMumufygvdrfh[ kolpOf;pm;onf/ olvnf;aMumufonf/ odkYaomf bmudkb, fvdkawG;NyD;
aMumuf&rnfudkolvnf;rpOf;pm;wwf/ onfvdkudprsdK;rSmwpfcgzl;rQawGYBuHKcJh&zl;onfrSd aMumufp&m
aumi f;onfrSmbmaMumi fh[ kt aMumi f;rSmwwf/
]]vlqdk;awGawmhxrSmyJawmh. . . }}[ krdazmhu nnf;nLvdkufonf/
]]at ;[ Jh. . . t J' gawmhpdk;&drf&w, f. . . }}
]]NzdK;wkyfvJ[ dkwpf&mhudk; wpf&mhwpfq, form;awGeJYaygi f;aeMuw, f. . . }}
]]b, folajymvJ. . . }}
i brSmonfar;cGef;xkwfNyD; awGaeonf/ olYr, m;ajymumrSyJ aMumufp&maumi f;onfudkSmawGY
awmhonf/ i ghr, m;rdazmh[ m' grsdK;us&i fEIdufEIdufcRwfcRwfpOf;pm;wwfonf[ kpdwfxJusdwfNyD; r, m;udk
csD;rGrf;rdonf/ odkY&mwGi folYr, m;u BudKwi fpOf;pm;rdoavmuft u, f vlqdk;awGxvQi fonfab;&ef
udkt b, fyHkumuG, f&rnfudkol BudKwi frpDrHwwf/ xdkYaMumi fhpdwft dkufvmonf/ olYr, m; t em;u
wwGwfwGwfajymaeonfudkolMum;[ efrwl/ ]]b, folu ajymovJ[ i f. . . }}[ kxyfar;onf/
]]aMomf. . . ' DrSmawmhajymaewmrMum;bl;vm; . . . Srf;aoa&ausmfrSmaewJhudkomOD;wdkYwJudk
uRefr raeYua&mufcJhw, f . . . "edoD;cl;rvm;vdkYOpm. . . "edoD;awGu &i fhukefvdkYudkomOD; rdef;reJY
wpfa, mufwpfvSnfhpDoef;wkyfcHMua&m. . . t J' geJYpum;pyf&i f; udkNzdK;wkyft aMumi f; a&mufoGm;a&m. . .
olu uRefrwdkYuGi f;rSmt pnf;t Hk;Ou| wJhawmh. . . ArmjynfrSmrdpmawGudkrxm;bl;wJhawmh. . .
&mrcspfwD;&JUpyg;pnfudk qi f;&Jom;t rsm;t wGuf a0i Say;r, fwJhawmfa&U . . . a&ausmf0u
wkwfqdki fuav;udkvJ"eSi fypnf;rdkYvdkY"eSi f0g' ysufpD;at mi fvkyf&r, fwJhawmh. . . }}
]]aeygOD;[ Jh. . . &mrcspfwD;u olYpyg;awGa0i SzdkYoabmwl&JUvm; . . . }}
]]cspfwD;u b, fodyghrvJawmh. . . }}
]]rodyJeJYjzpfEdki fyghrvm; . . . }}
]]awmfawG;vdkufrSjzi fhav . . . avSBuD;xdk;csnf;yJ. . . olay;rS&rSmwJhvm; . . . }}
armi fxi f ib


]]t i f;aygh. . . olay;rSaygh. . . }}
]]t *Fvdyfajy;&i fjrefrmjynf[ mwdkYNynfjzpfNyD. . . wdkYt pdk;&eJYwdkYrdkYvdkYEdki fi Hjcm;om;awG&JUypnf;
[ mwdkYypnf; jzpfua&mayghwJhawmfa&U. . . }}
i bu ]]wdkYt pdk;&eJYwdkY}}[ laompum;udkMum;vdkufvQi fyi f ykvdyfawGywa&mi fvSnfhvmvQi f
t &ufSmay;&rnfh0w&m; ESpfjyefwdk;acsOD;awmhrnf[ koabmaygufrdNyD; pdwfxJrSmt dkufHkru acR;' D;' D;
yi fusvmonf/
]]ri fhpum;uuG, f. . . &mZ0wfrui f;ygvm; . . . }}
]]t r, fav; . . . awmhfykvdyfawGudkawG;raeygeJYawmh. . . oi f;wdkYrvmwmb, favmufMum
oGm;NyDvJ. . . ri f;rSdwJhwdki f;jynfrSm&mZ0wfrIrSdbl;awmh. . . }}
]]t dk. . . ri f;u &mrcspfwD;&JUpyg;udkcsdefaewmvm; . . . }}
onfpum;udki bu t wnfvdkvdkESi fhajymi facsmfacsmfajymonf/ odkYaomf rdazmhpdwfxJrSmt awmf
aqG;oGm;onf/
]]' DrSm. . . Si fusKyfudk' Dvdkt &rf;rajymeJY. . . odvm; . . . rpm;&i wfaoao . . . ' grsdK; usKyf
b, fawmhrSpdwfrul;bl; . . . t ckajymaewmu usKyfwdkYt &yfysuf&i f b, fajy;MurvJ . . . usKyf
wdkYv, fuGi f;rSmusKyfwdkYaemufvdkuf omt dwdkY? jrwfarT;wdkY? ajrwl;ukvm; a[ mf&D;wdkY wpfodkuf&, f?
usKyfwdkY&, ft m;vHk;aygi f;rSav;i g;OD; pkae&wm. . . a[ mf&D;uvJ ukvm; . . . a&ausmf0rSmvJ wkwf
qdki f . . . ab;u wkwfukvm;awGaMumi fhusKyfwdkYydkcufvdrfhr, fxi fw, f . . . usKyfoabmuawmh
wkwf&, f?ukvm;&, fvdkYrawG;wwfbl; . . . v, form;[ mv, form;yJ . . . olYt odkuft 0ef;eJYol
t vdkuft xdkufMunfhae&rSmawmh. . . olwdkYeJY&efji dK;&efbufr[ kwfavawmholwdkYudkvJ bmrSvkyfp&m
rvdkbl; . . . udk, fhvkyfvJrcHEdki fbl; . . . aSUa&; aemufa&;qdkwm. . . }}
jzKwfueJqdki g;rQm;wHudki bu okwfwi fvdkufonf/ uuwpfBuD;wpfaumi fxGefYxGefYvl; i g;
rQm;wHwGi f csdwfygvmonf/ i bu i g;udkjzKwf yvdki f;xJodkYxnfhvdkufonf/ t wGi f; wJaSUu
uav;rsm;u . . . ]]a[ m. . . rdNyDxi fw, fa[ h. . . }}[ kqdkumwJaemufaz; acsmi f;bufqDodkY
jyHKNyD;vmMuonf/
]]rylygeJYrdef;r&m. . . udk, faumi f;&i facgi f;raGUygbl;uG. . . a[ mf&D;wdkYqdkwm' dk;wlaygi fzuf
vkyfazmfawGyJ/ . . . i gapmi fhaSmufEdki forQapmi fhaSmuf&rSmaygh. . . }}
pum;qHk;vQi fyi f wJaSUu ]]t mhudk*sD;}}[ kESpfcGef;qi fh at mfvdkufaomt oHudkMum;&onf/
xdkt oHrSma[ mf&D;\ t oHjzpfonf/ olYt aMumi f;ajymaepOf ola&mufvmojzi fhol bmt a&;wBuD;jzpf
vmygvdrfh[ kawG;rdNyD; i brSmacgi f;em;yef;yi fBuD;oGm;onf/
]]a[ mf&D;vm;a[ h. . . bmvJuG. . . }}
armi fxi f ib


]]t mhudk*sD;qDvmwmyJAs. . . t ckcRefaemfowi f;wpfckMum;w, f. . . v, fuGi f;u ukvm;awGudk
ukvm;jynfESi frvdkYwJh. . . t cguvJ ruef;bl; t mhudk*sD; . . . cRefaemf odyfaMumufwmyJ . . .
cufvdrfhr, fxi fw, f. . . }}
]]wdkYSdom;yJuG, f. . . }}[ ki bu vkyfom;t csi f;csi f; ukP moufoHjzi fhajymonf/
rSefonf/ *kP moufonf/ a[ mf&D;onf v, fudkrSD w0rf;wcg;Smoljzpfonf/ i bvnf;
xdkYt wlyi f/ vkyfom;t csi f;csi f;ajym&vQi fjzLonf?rnf;onf?ndKonf?0gonfudki b *krpdkuf/ ukvm;
awGukvm;jynfai GydkYwmudkvJt a&;rxm;/ wkwfawGBuD;yGm;NyD; ZdrfcHaewmvJolYukodkvfESi fhol[ kat muf
arhonf/ a[ mf&D;Sd wmwrHvHkjcHKonf/ wmwrHvHkjcHK pyg;xGufaumi f;onf/ a&ausmf0u ukefpHkqdki fSd
i kwf MuufoGef 0, fvdkY&NyD; , ckrdxm;aomuuwpfuav;udkt &omSdSdcsufpm;Edki frnf/ b, fol
vuf0g;BuD;t kyft kyf i gwdkYv, form;t ajcrSmonft wdki f;omjzpfrnf/ rQomi boabmaygufonf/
i bt zdkY urmolurmom;t csi f;csi f; rkef;wD;aompdwfrsm; arG;rxm;wwf/ wkwfukvm;rsm;
BuD;yGm;onfudk t m;usrcH , SOfNydKi fvkyfvdkufrnf[ laom rmersdK;vnf;rSd/ olem;vnforQrSm
pyg;ay;ESi fhai Gacs;umv, fxJ uRJvdkEGm;vdkkef;NyD; pyg;ay:csdefa<u;qyfzdkYyi fjzpfonf/
]]t mhudk*sD;eJYaevmwmESpfaygi f; ESpfq, fhi g;ESpfavmufSdNyD. . . wpfcgwpfcgb*Fvm;wGm;w, f
aemf . . . t mhudk*sD;qDrSmNypfusD;awGt yfcJhwmyJ . . . t ckvJ cRefaemfvdkufudw, f . . . t mhudk*sD;udkyJ
t m;udk;w, f. . . }}
]]at ; . . . at ; . . . ri f; bmxm;csi fovJ. . . b*Fvm;jyefawmhrvm; . . . }}
]]t m; . . . b*Fvm;jyefvdkYb, fzpfrvJ t mhudk*sD; . . . vl*sdK;awGaMumufw, f. . . ' gaMumi fhrdkY
t mhudk*sD;qDrSmjypfusD;t yfcsi fw, f . . . uRefawmfhaowmav . . . t J' garSmi f&i f, lcJhr, f . . . ai G
wpf&mhem;q, fSdw, f. . . cg;rSmcsnfwJhai GBudK;vJSdao;w, f. . . emhwHwD;vJygw, f. . . t J' gawGudk
t mhudk*sD;qDrSm. . . }}
]]OD;oma*gi fBuD;qDrSmydkUxm;ygvm;uG, fa[ mf&D;&, f. . . }}[ krdazmhu uav;udkcg;xpfcGi frS
Murf;jyi fodkYcs&i f; usD;vefYpmpm; rsufESmxm;ESi fhajymvdkufonf/
]]t dkuG, f . . . udk, fht m;udk;vdkYvmwJhOpmyJ . . . }}[ ki bu 0i fpGufvdkufojzi fhrdazmhrSm
awGa0NyD; ji drfaevdkuf&onf/
, i f;odkYvQi fawmfawmfav; arSmi fvmaomt cga[ mf&D;onfolYaowmudki bxHodkY, lvmonf/
a[ mf&D;u i bESi fhrdazmhwdkYaSUwGi f zGi fhjyonf/ ai Gom;usyfoHk; ' *Fg;jym;a&wpf&mhi g;q, fwdwd?
ai Gcg;yef;BudK; wpfck? em;oHoD; wpfpHk? ukvm;' dkwDoHk;xnf? *sHKt dwfcGHudkcsKyfxm;aomt uFsDESpfxnf
ponfwdkYudki bu pdwfrSwfjzi fhpm&i f;wi fNyD;vQi fvufcHvdkufonf/ uav;awGu ab;u 0dki f;t HkMunfh
Muonf/ i bu uav;awGudkarmi f;xkwfvdkufNyD; olwdkYSJawmhrSaowmudk0Sufonf/ a[ mf&D;\ xi f;
SL;aowmrSmwJwGi f;Sdpyg;ykwfxJodkYykef;vQdK;uG, fvQdK;ESi fhi kyfoGm;avonf/
]]t mhudk*sD; . . . b, folrSrwdygapeJYaemf. . . }}[ ka[ mf&D;u ajymonf/
]]at ; . . . at ; . . . pdwfcsyg. . . }}[ ki bu qdkonf/
armi fxi f ib


xdkt wGi f; wJ\ nmbufodkYwpfawmi fqpfcsdK;vmaomcyfvSrf;vSrf;Sdacsmi f;urf;yg;rSavSavSmf
oHMum;&onf/ arSmi fNyD[ kqdk&aomfvnf; acsmi f;dk;wpfavsmufrSmrSefjyi fwpfcsyfudkt Snfvdkufci f;xm;
bdouJhodkYSdav&mavSESi fhwuGavSmfvmol\ t &dyft a, mi frSmyuwdjywfom;vSonf/ a&mi fwapmi f;
xHk;NyD; acgi f;ay: wbufwpfxnfywfxm;yHkrSm. . .
]]r[ kwfumrSvGJa&mrdazmha&. . . i gawmhjzi fhNzdK;wkyfvdkYxi fwmyJ. . . }}

armi fxi f ib


v, fuGi f;xJrSmavayGuvnf; cP cP arTYonf/ awmi fwef;pyfu acsmi f;OD;wdkrSmvnf; a&enf;
oGm;NyD/ i g;cl?i g;&HU?i g;ajyr ponfwdkYrSma&ylwGi f aygavmarsmNyD; ykwf yi faeacsNyD/ apmapmu i b
odvQi fwrHwkwfNyD; i g;zrf;vdkuf&aomfi g;&HUajcmufcGufwpfq, favmufawmht enf;uav; &rSmaygh/
, ckvdk1304 ckESpf?waygi f;vrsdK;udki b udk, fawGYjzpfav&molvnf; uAsmq&mt aeESi fhpdwf
xJrSmpmzGJYaumi f; zGJYrdayrnf/ olzGJYrnfhuAsmrSm, ckumv aemufqHk;ay: wuodkvfausmi f;xGufpmwwf
yk*dKvfrsm;\ uAsmESi fhpmvQi f uGJjym;jcm;em;csuf wpfcsufyJ Sdonf/ xdkaemufqHk;ay: uAsmhyg&*lwdkYu
olrsm;pmudkcdk;csonfht &mi bxufomonf/ i bum; vl&nfrvnfao;aomaMumi fhcdk;rcswwf/ olY
yi fudk, fP fudkoHk;&Smonf/
]]b, fhES, fAsm. . . yl . . . ylvGef;awmhw, f . . . t jyi fuvJ yl?t wGi f;uvnf; yl . . .
aeSdef&wJht xJ &i fxJrSmaomurD;uvnf; jcpfjcpfawmufylvdkY. . . om;orD;t wGufuvnf; t aMumi fh
t Murui f;vdkYyl. . . umvysufcgeD;rSmpyg;aps;usoGm;rSmpdk;vdkYyl. . . umvysufvQi fvlqdk;t wGufyl.
. . t xl;ojzi fhNzdK;wkyfudkaMumufNyD; yl . . . [ dkoi f;t wGufvJ yl . . . onfoi f;t wGufvJ yl . . .
aMomfyll. . . yl. . . yl. . . }}
um; i b\ uAsmwnf;/
olYuAsmrSmwylyljrnfaeaomuAsmjzpfonf/ jrnfvnf; jrnfavmufygayonf/ wdkYArmjynfrSm
waygi f;vusa&mufcgrSyJ pyg;uav;a&mi f;NyD; ai Gjri fMu&onf/ onfawmhrSyJ awmom;awGydkufqH
azmawmhonf/ ydkufqHazmawmhrSyJbkefBuD;ysHyGJawGwjcdrfhjcdrfhcH&onf/ bkef;BuD;ysHSdrSvJMuufwdkufzJdkuf
vdkYaysmfonf/ Muuf0dki f;aumi f;jyefawmhvnf; w, fNyDD; SKH;vScsnfhuvm;? SHK;awmhvnf; pdwfnpfonf/
pdwfnpfrSvnf; rD;awmufwJhawmt &ufav; aomufaumi f;onf/ aomufaumi f;awmhvnf; rl;/ rl;
aumi f;awmhvnf; &rf;/ &rf;aumi f;awmhvnf; a' goxGuf/ a' goxGufawmhvnf; &efjzpfvdkY w, f
aumi f;/
xdkYaMumi fhvnf; vrsdK;udk&mZ0wfrIjy' g;csdefwSdefwnf; wdk;wufvmaomv [ l t kyfcsKyfa&;
yg&*lwdkYu t rSwft om;jyKMuonf/
, ckvnf; onfvrSmt *Fvdyf[ dkaeYajy;awmhrvdkaeYwpfrsdK; nwpfrsdK; Mum;ae&onf/ t r, f
av; . . . b, folYudk, HkNyD; yHkcJhrSmvJ/ avmbrD; a' gorD;wdkYonf]]bkef;rD;aeodkYawmufvwHY}}[ laom
wabmi ft vdkt &w[ kef;[ kef;x avmi fawmhrnf/ waygi f;vvnf; qef; vmacsNyD/
i brSm ylt dkufvGef; wJaSUuGyfyspfay:wGi f vJavsmi f;&i f; vri f;udk t mHkpdkuf aeonf/
y uav; yufvufvefaeouJhodkY, ufuef, ufuefESi fhwjznf;jznf; wGm;oGm;aeaomoHk;&ufvcrsmrSm
rsufpdayuvyfayuvyfvkyf aeaomMu, ft aygi f;wdkY\ t v, fwGi frsufpdoli , fjzpfae&Smonf/
Mu, ft aygi f; jcH&HygvsufESi fhzdk;aTvri f;uav;rSmt mumoxJwGi f a, mi fvnfvnf ae&Smonf/
vlxkt aygi f; 0dki f;&HvsufESi fhvnf; v, form; i brSmavmuBuD;xJwGi frsufpdvnf&awmhrnf/
odkYaomf?t i f; . . . eHab;rSmrdazmht Sdao;om;yJ/ rdazmhu EdkY0oGm;aomom;i , fuav; wcGD;
cGD;jzi fht dyfaysmfoGm;onfudkolESi fholYvi fESpfOD;Mum;xJwGi fcs odyfaeonf/ xbDu uydkudkESi fhrdazmh\
csufat mufudkzHk;xm;onf/ Mu, fa&mi fwGi f rdazmh\ rsufESmukdi bjri f&onf/ onfvdknrsdK;rSmrdazmhudk
armi fxi f ib


NrdKUoluav;rsm;vdkvufusyft usuav; 0wfapNyD; ykwD;vufaumuf' Gg' , mponfwdkYqi fjyi fay;vdkuf&
vQi f ]]rdk;ewfa' 0D?arb&P DwEIef;uJhodkY}}i gjri f&rSmyJ/ aMomf . . . i gwdkYv, form;awG[ m' Dvdkpnf;
pdrfrsdK;udkb, fb0usrSrSef;Edki fyghrvJ/ rdazmhudkcdk;ajy;wJhESpfwHk;uvJ ' Dv, f{u t pdwf?t ckvJ t pdwfyJ/
t i f; . . . bdk;at vufxufwHk;u {uav;q, fxdat mi fvkyfi ef;csJUxGi fcJhzl;yg&JU/ ' gayrJhpyg;ay; t wdk;
BuD;vdkYt bdk;raoci fwpfESpfavmufrSmi gSi fjyKwJht a<u;awGqyfvdkuf&vdkY' Hk&i f; jyefuswmygyJuvm;/
[ , f . . . a, mufsm;yJ/ t ckOD;oma*gi fqDrSmt yfxm;wJhpyg;ESpf&mudkaps;aumi f;aumi f; a&mi f;&vQi f
olYqDrSmaemufxyfwpfSOf;xGefavmufwdk;csJUEdki fzdkYajym&OD;rSmyJ/
i bonf t awG;yi fv, faMumxJwGi f aygavmay: aeonf/ rdazmhu uav; rEdk;at mi f t om
aTYNyD; i bem; uyfonf/ i bu oufjyi f;Ivdkufonf/
]]' DrSm. . . awmfu bmawG;NyD; pdwfarmaewmvJ. . . }}
]]aSUa&;aemufa&;ayghuG, f . . . wdkYorD;av;vJ BuD;vmNyD. . . BudK;pm;yrf;pm; t vkyfvkyfwJh
aemufvdkufaumi f;aumi f; wpfa, mufawGY&i fwpfcgwnf;omay;pm;vdkufcsi fawmhwmyJ. . . }}
]]usKyforD;u i , fygao;w, fawmh. . . }}
]]i gawmhjrefjref BuD;aphcsi fNyDuG, f . . . ' grSwdkYorufuav;u &i fajruwkwfvkyfNyD; BudK;pm;
vdkuf&i fav;i g;ajcmufESpft wGi f; {uajcmufq, favmufawmhEdki fEdki fei f;ei f; OD;pD;Edki frSmyJ. . . aMomf . .
. v, form;b0 w, fyi fyef;vSyguvm; . . . b, fawmhrSudk, fhv, f udk, fhacsmi f;eJYvlvl olol
ae&awmhrSmvJ. . . }}
i bu rdazmh\ ezl;qHpav;rsm;udkolYvufMurf;BuD;ESi fhyGwfoD;yGwfoyfvkyf&i f; csLoHygat mi f
nnf;vdkufonf/ rdazmhu aq;ayghvdyfudkvdkufprf;&i f; i budkausmay; vSnfhvdkufonf/ aq;ayghvdyf
udkawGYaomt cgrD;raoao;onfESi fhwjznf;jznf; zGm&i f; olYt awG;ESi fholji drfoGm;jyefonf/
]] t i f; . . . i ghvi fawmht vkyfZGJ w, fjyi f;wmyJ . . . olBuHovdkav;i g;ESpft wGi f;r, f
v, f{uajcmufq, favmuf xGefEdki f&i f 0rf;pmpyg;u t enf;qHk; wpf&m?wpf&mhi g;q, fawmhavSmi fEdki f
rSmyJ . . . OD;oma*gi fqDupyg;vJ ESpf&muaeNyD; av;&mxdyGm;vmrSmyJ . . . b, fenf;eJYrqdkwpfESpf
wpfESpfai GoHk;av;&mt enf;qHk; ydkr, f. . . aMomf. . . ' Dvdkqdkawmhvnf; orD;udkae&mcszdkY?om;awG
Si fjyKzdkYAm[ D&awGrsm;vmawmhvnf; wdkYwJuav;eJYaevdkYwi fhw, frSmr[ kwfbl; . . . t i f; . . . wdkY
uGi f;rSmwdkYvl&nfwufOD;rSmaygh. . . oluvnf; vldk;BuD;qdkawmhrESpfu aumufpdkufvmwJhcspfykBuD;wdkY
vdk[ mrsdK;eJYawGYoGm;&i folpdwfajymi f;oGm;rvm; rodbl; . . . }}
rdazmhOD;aESmufxJodkY aemufqHk;awG;vHk;uav; uwfoD;uwfowf 0i foGm;onfESi fhwpfNydKi feuf
rdazmhrSmolYvi feufjzefobufyJr, m;i , f, lawmhrnfht wdki f; pdk;&drfylyefrdonf/
]]' DrSmawmh. . . ' DrSm. . . }}[ krdazmhu ai gufqwfqwfESi fhac: umi brsufESmbufodkYvSnfh
vdkufonf/
i bu t vefYwMum; . . . ]]a[ . . . bmvJ[ . . . }}[ kjyefat mfvdkufonf/
armi fxi f ib


rdazmhu udk, fhvdyfjymudk, frvHkjzpfNyD; aq;vdyfudkyg;apmi fwGi fcJ zGm&i f; ajAmi fzGi fhar;MunfhvQi f
aumi f;rvm;[ kpOf;pm;cef;xkwfonf/ olzGmvdkufaomrD;a&mi fwGi f rdazmh\ uydkudkyHkyef;udki b jri f&
\ / t dkw, fomqdk&? t ysdKu HI;avmufaomolYudk, fvHk;udk, faygufuav;rSmi budkjrLaeonf/ i b
uvnf; , ckaet cgrdazmh&i fjyi frSm]]t i frfpD}}BudK;uav; wGJavmi f;cdkaevQi f ydkNyD; Munfhaumi f;rSmyJ[ k
awG;rdonf/
]]' DrSm. . . awmfeJYcP cP avSmi fwJhcspfykBuD;wdkYb, fa&mufaeyvJ. . . }}
]]b, fodyghrvJ[ . . . onfaumi fru t ajcSdwJh[ mrrSr[ kwfwm. . . }}
]]olu cyfeefYeefYaemf. . . }}
]] t i f; . . . }}
]]' DrSm. . . awmfav . . . om;BuD; orD;BuD;eJYt aysmfvdkufcsi fwJhpdwfrsm; rxm;eJYaemf. . . usKyf
wdkYorD;u ri , fawmhbl;awmfa&U. . . awmfawmfMumvluJh&JUp&mBuD; jzpfaeygOD;r, f. . . }}
i bu rdazmh\ yg;udkwHpOfuhJodkYSaomvuf0g;Murf;BuD;ESi fhyGwf . . .
]]b, fu vmNyD; MuHBuD;pnf&muGm. . . r[ kwfwmyJ. . . }}[ kt oHav;BuD;ESi fhajymvdkufonf/
]]at mf . . . pdk;&drfvdkYajym&wmawmfa&U. . . awmfawmfMumr, m;ESpfa, mufMum; Asmrsm;aerSm
pdk;vdkY. . . }}
]]uG, f. . . ' Davmufaygi f;vmrSyJ pdwfrcsao;bl;vm;uGm. . . i gu ' grsdK;awGpdwfr0i fpm;bl;
v[ . . . ri f;wdkYom;t rdwpfawGbk&m;oGm;ausmi f;wuf&i f vlvlolol oGm;vmaexdki fEdki favmuf
at mi fvdkYcsnf; awG;awG;NyD; ylae&w, f. . . ' DESpfpyg;udkwvi f;jci fwpfydomaps;eJYa&mi f;&&i f. . . }}
]]t &yfu ysufaeNyDawmfa&U. . . }}
i bt zdkYonfpum;onft r*Fvmt ppfBuD;jzpfonf/ om, maomnrSmt yljyi f;jyi f;udkni f;av
ajyu ajzazsmufaewHk; rdazmhESi fhaSUa&;aemufa&; wdki fyi f&onfrSmt Si fvwfvwfedAmefa&mufjci f;yi f
jzpfonf/ , ckrl onfpum;aMumi fhedAmefudkvufvSrf;t rDwGi f t 0DpdodkYaZmufxdk;jyefqi f;&onfESi fhwl
avonf/
]]odMum;omoemuvnf; eD;vmNyDudk;uG, fh. . . rawmfolYxdyf?awmfolYxdyfqdkwJhodMum;ri f;&JU
0&ZdefvufeufawGjri f&OD;rSmayghuG, f. . . }}
, i f;odkYnnf;wGm;umi bu oufjyi f;csonf/ rdazmhu olYnmbufvufudki b\ &i fay:odkYwi f
vdkufonf/
i bu rdazmhaMumufrnfpdk; wpfaMumi f;? olvnf; pdwfoufom&m&csi f wpfaMumi f;
t aMumi f;aMumi f;wdkYudkaxmufI rdazmh\ vufudkrvTJraSmi fomzrf;qkyfxm;&onf/ pdwfxJuawmh
t ygom;/
armi fxi f ib


ni f;avajyonfi bESi fhrdazmhwdkY\ &i fcGi fxJodkYacgi f;vQdK0i fumwGwfwD;wGwfwmvkyfaeonf/
i bESi fhrdazmhwdkYpdwfxJum; ylavmi fvSaomurmBuD;xJrSt vGwfkef;umokct NrdKufESi fhjynfhpHk
vSaomavmuedAmefwHcg;0odkYaS;IaaeMuavNyD[ kudk, fhpdwfudkudk, fvSnfhpm;xm;vdkufMuonf/
odkYaomf olwdkYESpfOD;pvHk; urmBuD;xJyi f usi fvnfvsufSdao;onfudk owd&pdrfhaomi Sm
wpfzufawmwef;rSt kef;t kef;jrnfaomt oHwpfcku EId;aqmfvdkufonf/ t oHrSmawmwef;udkausmfae&
ojzi fhawmfawmfESi fhroJuGJacs/
]]' DrSm. . . em;axmi fprf; . . . bmoHawGvJ rodbl; . . . }}[ krdazmhuajym&i f; ai gufueJ
xxdki fNyD;vQi fxbDjyi f0wfonf/
t oHwdkYrSmacG;t loH? usD;vefYoH? bJEdk;oH? MuufuawmfoHwdkYt Mum;wGi f jrKyfoGm;vdkuf ay:vm
vdkufjzpfonf/ wpfcsufwpfcsufay:vmjyefvQi fvnf; wpfcJeufjzpfonf/
vi fr, m;ESpfa, muf em;pGi fhaxmi fMuonf/ xdkt wGi f; a[ mf&D;wJrSacsmi f;[ efYoHMum;&onf/
jrwfarT;ESi fhomt dwdkYvnf; t dyf&mu xvmMuonf/ rdeDuvnf; ]]t arbmvJ}}[ kt dyfcef;wGi f;rSvSrf;
ar;vdkufonf/ rdazmhrSmrluav;awGvefYrSmpdk; t cgvnfom;uav;udkayGYumt dyf&mxJodkY0i fonf/
t oHrSmvlpkvla0;wdkY oHjydKi f[ pfat mfaeaomt oHjzpfonf/ t m;vHk; em;pGi fhvdkufMuonf/
rdeDu . . . ]][ m. . . a[ m. . . t aza&U. . . rat , dk;a[ hvdkYqJoHMum;w, f. . . }}[ kqdk\ /
]][ m. . . qJwm[ kwfrxi fygbl; vHkr&, f. . . a[ m. . . a[ m. . . em;axmi fprf; . . . }}[ k
jrwfarT;u vufndK;uav;udkaxmi fumajym&i f; em;pGi fhvdkufonf/ t oHrSmoJuGJvmNyD/
]]oci frsdK;a[ hwdkYArm. . . t a&;awmfyHkat mi fNyD}}[ laoma<u;aMumfoHBuD;onf i b\ v, f
uGi f;wnf;[ laomurmavmuBuD;udkt jrpfuaeNyD; qGJESJYvdkufavonf/ i bpdwfxJ udkoma*gi f\ pyg;
t jynfhwi fvmaomi g;&mygormefBuD; &i f0wufaqmi fhovdkat mi fhueJjzpfoGm;onf/
xdkt oHrsm; wat mi fhavmufaysmufoGm;NyD;aemufawmwef;t vGefa&ausmf0 wkwfqdki fbufqDrS
jAKef;jAKef;' dki f;' dki f;t oHrsm; Mum;&jyefonf/ awmfawmfuav; MumoGm;aomt cg rD;rsm; xdefxdefvi f;
wufvmonf/ aumufdk;yHkrD;IdUonfudkjri faeus awmolawmi fom;wdkYt zdkYxdkrD;onf bmrQxl;jcm;vS
onf r[ kwf/ odkYaomf xdkrD;a&mi fonf aumi f;ui fudkajy; [ yfvdkufaomt cg omrn aumufdk;rD;
r[ kwfwef&m[ kMunfholt m;vHk;wdkYu &i fwzdkzdkESi fhjrnfwrf;&i f; aumufcsufcsvdkufonf/
odkYaomfolwdkYwpfawGi bwJaemufbufcyfususjrpfBuD;[ dkbufu rD;a&mi fudkrjri f&ao; om
jrnfwrf;Hkjrnfwrf;Muonf/ jri fvdkufawmh&i fxJwGi f qdkYNyD; i ba&m?jrwfarT;a&m?omt da&m. . .
]]wpfcgawmhjzi fhcufMua&mayghvuGm}}[ knnf;wGm;umrsuf&nfrsm;yi fusMuonf/ a[ mf&D; rSmrlum; . .
. ]]t mhudk*sD; . . . t mhudk*sD; . . . t m;vHk; rmvuwGm;ukefNyD}}[ l csHK;yGJcsi dkavawmhonf/
aumi f;ui ft vHk; rD;[ kef;[ kef;x awmufavNyD/ omt d?jrwfarT;ESi fhi bwdkYwJSdvlukefEdk;MuNyD/
uav;awGvnf; vefY wpmpmi dkMuonf/ omt drdef;ru xbDpGefawmi fqGJNyD; vefYajy;ajy;&mAGufxJwGi f
ajcacsmfvJvdkufao;onf/ avl;uav; wpfcsufwpfcsuf onfbufvGi fhvmvQi f rD;vHk;BuD;vdkufvmouJh
armi fxi f ib


odkYSdaomaMumi fhv, fuGi f;Sdusm;r uav;oli , frusef xGufajy;rnf wuJuJvkyfonf/ i bu
a[ mufxm; ji drfaeMu&onf/
i bpdwfxJ urmBuD; ysufpD;vkeD;NyDavm[ kar;cGef;xkwfaeonf/ t jcm;olrsm;vnf; i dki faeMu
onf/ xri f;t dk; ESpfvHk;csufavmufMumat mi frD;awmufrsm;vQH wufaeonf/ NyD;vQi ft vi f;a&mi f0yf
oGm;onf/ xdkt cgrSrdef;rrsm;?uav;rsm; udk, fhwJwGi f;odkYt vQdKvQdK0i fMuonf/
]]wdkYeJYt a0;om;yJuGm. . . uJ. . . uJ. . . wJxJjyefMu . . . reufusrSt aMumi f;pHkodat mi f
pHkprf;&OD;rSmyJ. . . t dyfa&;ysufMur, f. . . owd0D&d, eJYvJt dyfMua[ h. . . }}[ ki bu olYt azmfrsm;t m;
nTefMum;csufay;vdkufonf/ odkYt wGufaMumi fha, musfm;rsm;vnf; udk, fpDudk, fi SwJxJodkYjyefMuonf/
odkYaomfxdknt zdkYvlBuD;ydki f;rSmaumi f;pGmt dyfaysmfMuonfr[ kwf/
rdazmh\ aq;cHawmi f;xJrSaq;ayghvdyfESi fhi bwdkYrSmwpfnvHk; r[ mrdwfzGJYaeMuonf/ rdazmhrSmrl
um; i b\ ab;wGi fxdki fumndK;i , faomrsufESmESi fhi b\ t uJudkcwfaeonf/ oef;aumi fMuuf
wGefaomt cgrSi bu wdkufwGef;vGef;ru wdkufwGef; rdazmht dyf&m0i fonf/ i brSmarSmi fxJwGi f aq;
ayghvdyfrD;udkuodkP f;I&i f; aMumi fwufwufjzpfaeonf/ vi f;MuufaqmfavrSt dyfcef;0Sd0g;ydk;cg;yef;ay:
acgi f;wi fNyD;vQi fwacgacgESi fht dyfarmusoGm;avawmhonf/
odkYaomfi b\ em;xJwGi f]]oci frsdK;a[ hwdkYArm}}[ laomt oHrsm; 0Dac:umrnfvsuf SdwHk;yi f/
nOhfOD;uMum;&aomt oHudkt dyfvsufESi fhMum;ae&aomaMumi fht dyfaysmfoGm;onf[ l yi f rxi frdacs/
xdkt oHwdkYrSmt dyfrufxJu t oHavvm;[ l vnf; awG;vdkufao;onf/ odkYaomf, ckMum;&aomt oHwdkY
rSmeD;uyfvGef;vSacs\ wum;/
wat mi fhavmuf arhueJt dyft aysmfwGi f ]]oci frsdK;a[ hwdkYArm. . . t a&;awmfyHkat mi fNyD}}[ l
t oH0gBuD;ESi fhwt m;ukefusHK;[ pfvdkufaomt oHrSm. . . wefawmh?jzdK;wkyf&JUt oHyJ/ i b ai gufueJ
xxdki fvdkufonf/ vi f;MuufaqmfHkr[ kwf/ xdefxdefvi f;aeNyD/ olYwJajc&i f;bufrSomt dwdkYt oHMum;&
onf/ ]]t r, fav;As}}[ ka[ mf&D;at mfvdkufaomt oHudkvnf; Mum;&onf/ awGa0aepOfyi fvQi fa[ mf&D;
udkvufjyefBudK;wkwf qGJvmaomjzdK;wkyfESi fhol\ t aygi f;ygvlESpfq, ft pdwfcefYwJaSUa&mufaeonf
udkawGY&onf/
a[ mf&D;\ acgi f; acgi f&rf;yef;awGa0qmaeonf[ ki bu at mufarhvdkufonf/ aocsmpGmjyef
Munfhvdkufaomfezl; [ ufwufuGJjyJaeaom' P f&mwpfckudkaoG;jci f;jci f;eDvsufawGY&onf/
jzdK;wkwfu i b\ wJay:odkYydki fpdk;ydki fei f; 0i fa&mufvmonf/
]]b, frvJxi f;l;aowm. . . }}[ kqdkonf/
i bu i dki faeonf/ a[ mf&D;u ]]t mhudk*sD; . . . }}[ kt oHjyKonf/
jzdK;wkyfu . . . ]]' Dukvm; bmpum;rsm;ovJ . . . }}[ kqdk "m;aESmi fhESi fhausmudkxkonf/
a[ mf&D;onfajray:odkYaqmi fhaMumi fhxdki fcsNyD;vQi fw[ D;[ D; i dkavownf;/
armi fxi f ib


]]a[ haumi f. . . b, frSmvJuG. . . }}[ kjzdK;wkyfu bDvl;obufpD;aeaomavmboHBuD;jzi fh
i budkar;onf/ i bu qkwfqdki f;t xpf jzpfaeaomaMumi fhjzdK;wkyfpdwfrSnfEdki fawmhbJ i b\ ausm
jyi fudk"m;jym;ESi fhdkufonf/
jzdK;wkyfrSmvlrdkufyi fvkyfaezl;aomfvnf; e*dku "m;udki fzl;ol r[ kwf/ owdvnf; rSd/ t &yfysuf
umrSAdkvfwufvkyf&ol jzpfav&m"m;jym;t dkufwGi f vuft enf;i , f wGefYyHk&onf/ xdkYaMumi fhdkufNyD;
"m;udkt odrf;wGi fi b\ ausmjyi frSm"m;OD;S oGm;av&mjzmueJaoG;awGyef;xGufonf/
rdazmhu aMumuf' l;wkef t cef;at mi f;ae&mrSmi bjzpfyHkudkjri favaomt cg. . . ]]t r av; . . .
jri fraumi f;Iraumi f; jzpfukefygayghvm; . . . }}[ kat mfumi bSd&modkYajy;vmonf/ jzdK;wkyfrSm
wpfrwfzdk;rQomoci fjzpfav&um; olY ol&owdwpfrwfzdk;rQomSdonf/ xdkYaMumi fhSdorQaom
owduav;ESi fhyi f vefYNyD;ajy;rnfMuH aemufwGefYoGm;onf/ wynfhwyef;rsm;u aemufydki f;
rxGufomat mi f olYudkydwf xm;aomaMumi fhvnf;aumi f;? rdazmhu olYvi fSd&modkYomcsOf;uyf oGm;
aomaMumi fhvnf;aumi f;?jzdK;wkyfrSmaNEq, f &vdkufygao;onf/
i bjzpfyHkudka[ mf&D;jri f&aomt cg. . . ]]t mhudk*sD; . . . cRefaemht wGuf ' kuzpfw, faemf . . .
ruef;bl;Sdw, f. . . ay;vdkufygawmht mhudk*sD;&, f. . . }}[ kqdkonf/
i buvnf; . . . ]]ci fAsm;wdkYvdkcsi fwmudk, fh[ mudk, f wufSmMuayghvAsm. . . }}[ kai guf
qwfqwfajymvdkufonf/
jzdK;wkyfwdkYvlodkufvnf; wJt wGi f;odkY0i fa&mufarTaESmufonfwGi f i bwdkYt dyfcef;at muf wnfh
wnfhSdpyg;ykwfxJrSa[ mf&D;\ aowmudkt vG, fwul&onf/
jzdK;wkyfu i bt m; . . . ]]acG;rom; rsdK;zsuf. . . ukvm;ypnf;udkei fht arvi f[ mat mufarhNyD;
wdkwao odrf;xm;&ovm; . . . }}[ kBudrf;onf/
olYwynfhrsm;udkvnf; i bt m; vufjyefBudK;wkwf&efjzdK;wkyfu cdki f;onf/ omt dESi fhjrwfarT; u .
. . ]]oci fjzdK;wkyf&, f . . . udk, fhArmt csi f;csi f; rvkyfaumi f;ygbl; . . . }}[ krsuf&nfcHxdk;
awmi f;yefavaomaMumi fhoci fjzdK;wkyfu cGi fhvTwfawmfrlonf/
odkYaomfa[ mf&D;udkrlvufjyefBudK;wkyf olYwJSd&modkYac:oGm;onf/ a[ mf&D;wJaSUwvi f;jyi fwGi f
a[ mf&D;pkaqmi f; xm;aompyg;wpf&mcefYwpfyHkSdonf/
jzdK;wkyf\ wynfht aygi f;wdkYvnf; i f;wdkY\ t aqmi ft jzpf, lvmaomoHk;a&mi fjc, ft vHBuD;udk
xkwf 0g;HkawmrS0g;vHk;wpfvHk;udkjzwf , lumt vHudkwyfNyD;vQi fpyg;yHkay:wGi fxlvdkufonf/
wpfa, mufu . . . ]]t a&;awmfykH}}[ koHwdki fonf/
t rsm;u . . . ]]at mi fNyD}}[ kvdkufqdk&onf/
t crf;t em;um; &efolYypnf;jzpfaoma[ mf&D;\ pyg;udkoci fjzdK;wkyfu odrf;qnf;a&;vkyfvdkuf
aomt crf;t em;jzpfownf;/
armi fxi f ib


oci fjzdK;wkyf Edki fi Ha&;vkyfcJhorQwdki f;jynft wGuf t epfemcHcJh&onfcsnf;yi f/ vlvm;ajrmufonf
ESi fhwpfNydKi feuft vkyfrSdwpf&mhudk; jzpfaeaomaMumi fh*sD?pD?bD?at acwfESi fhBuHK Edkki fi Ha&;e, fxJodkYajcpHk
ypfum0i fcJhygonf/ xdkacwf Edki fi Ha&;vrf;pOft wdki f; t pdk;&udkt maygi ft m&i f;oefoefESi fhukef; qJcJh
onf/ t qJaumi f;aomaMumi fht pdk;&udkt Munft ndKzsufrIESi fht zrf;cH&awmhrvdkvdkjzpfcJhao;onf/
ykvdyfESi fhuyfaygi f;NyD; ykvdyfowi f;ay;vkyfcJh omcsrf;omcJhonf/ 0HomEkudkomcsnf; t m;udk;aecJhygvQi f
axmi fusonfomt zwfwi fvdrfhrnf/ t vkyft udki frSd Edki fi Ha&; 0i fvkyfrdygonf/ Edki fi Ha&; 0i fvkyfrd
aomaMumi fht vkyfvufrJhjzpfcJh&onf/ *sD?pD?bD?at qufaMu;ESi fht b, frSmpm;avmufygt Hhenf;/ odkYuvdk
jzdK;wkyf t epfemcHcJh&aomfvnf; OD;cspfvIdi fBuD; orwjzpfawmhEdki fi Ha&;orm; jzdK;wkyfudkaq;azmfaBum
zufyi frvkyfyg/ xdkYaMumi fht oufESpfq, fhwpfESpfom;t G, frSmESpfq, fhwpfOD;ygwDay:vmaomaMumi fh
Mwi f;aMuat mi fESpfq, fhwpfOD;ygwDxJ 0i fcJhonf/ onft cgusjyefawmhvnf; ESpfq, fhwpfOD;aMumi fht qJ
omcH&onf/ bmrQ&ayguf&vrf;rSdcJh/ qufaMu;udkyi fvQi frSefrSefBuD; t kyfpm;Edki fcJhaomt ajcodkYra&muf
cJh&acs/ t epfemcHorQt vum;yJ/ OD;bazwdkYvlodkuf 0efBuD;jzpfvmaomt cgjzdK;wkyfudkarhypfvdkufMu
jyefonf/ roumolvnf; opfawma&;0efBuD;wpfa, muf vkyfaewmyJ/ jzdK;wkyfudkt aumufpma&;&m
xl;ay;vdkufvQi fjzdK;wkyfji drfoGm;rSmy/
, ckawmhjzdK;wkyfrji drfEdki f/ wu, fht a&;usvQi frsdK;cspfygwDudkrSt m;udk;&onf/ xdkYaMumi fhESpff
q, fhwpfOD;udkMuOf rsdK;cspfudkuyfonf/ odkY&mwGi f"m;rygwDuvnf; acwfpm;vmjyefaomaMumi fh"m;r
ESi fhvnf; a&vdkuf i g;vdkuf aygi f;&ao;onf/ jzdK;wkyfuawmhrsdK;cspfudkopmapmi fhygonf/ bk&m;pl;&yg
aph/ t J . . . EdkUayr, fhEdki fi Ha&;qdkwmavSeH"m;xpf r[ kwfbl;/ umvHwJh? a' oHwJh? t *HwJh? "eHwJh/
bk&m;a[ ma' oemr[ kwfvm;/ qi f;&Jom;ygwDESi fhvHk;aeaomfvnf; jzdK;wkyfonfrsdK;cspf\ av;pm;jci f;udk
cH&ygonf/ Edki fi Ha&;t ui f;yg;wmudk;/ rsdK;cspfacgi f;aqmi frsm;uvnf; ynmSdawGyJ?em;vnfMuwmy/
oci fawGoHyHk;wD;Muwkef;u jzdK;wkyfonf*VKefppfolBuD;vdk0g;&i f;wkwfESi fhulcJhao;onf/ odkY&m
wGi f0g;&i f;wkwfaMumi fhoci fawGESi fhy#dyurjzpfcJhyg/ 0g;&i f;wkwfwyfrawmfBuD;xJwGi fjzdK;wkyfuefYvefY
ygaeapumrlwdkYArmoci frsm;u em;vnfMuygonf/
jzdK;wkyfonfEdki fi Ha&; vmbfjri fvmNyDjzpf ygwDrsm; t i ft m;pk aumi f;wHk;t csdefrSmESpfzufcG
pm;omojzi fhacsmi fvnfvmonf[ kqdkEdki fyg\ / odkYaomf jzdK;wkyfonf Edki fi Ha&; pGefYpm; t epfemcHcJh
onfwdkYESi fhpmaomfraxrdao;yg/ Edki fi Ha&; onfwpfuGufae&mrusao;vQi f[ dkwpfuGufudkvSrf;Munfh
&onf/ t J[ dkwpfuGufu pm;aygufryGi fhao;bl;qdkjyefvQi fvnf; pdwfSnfSnfxm;wwf&rnf/ a[ m. . .
odkYuvdkpdwfSnfSnfxm;vdkufawmhEdki fi Ha&;t epfemcHcJh&orQt wGuf, ckvdkxi f;SL;aowmudkt ydki fpD;&
ua&mr[ kwfvm;/
Edki fi Ha&;t wGuf BuD;av;aomwm0efudkxrf;Guf&SmaomjzdK;wkyfonf rdrdvkyfzG, fudki fzG, f
udpt 00wdkYudkzdzdpD;pD; vkyfaqmi fNyD;onfESi fhwpfNydKi feufi bwdkY\ uGi f;rSxGufcGmoGm;awmfrlavownf;/
jzdK;wkyfonf a[ mf&D;udkyxr "m;pmcHt jzpf ac:oGm;NyD;rSvrf;wpf0ufwGi f jyefvTwfvdkufonf/
a[ mf&D;vnf; jyefcGi fh&aomfi b\ wJodkY0i fonf/ olYcrsmcg;wpfzufapmi f; aeonf/ wJxJodkYa&muf
aomt cg i b\ ausmjyi f t Snf wpfxGmomomSdaom"m;&mBuD;udkomt d? jrwfarT;? rdazmhwdkYu
a&eHqDrD;cGufrS&aom a&eHqDrsm;? rD;oD;rsm;wdkYjzi fh e, fodyf awmom; v, form;bm0 yxr
olemjyKpkjci f;jzi fhjyKpkaeMuonfudka[ mf&D; awGY&onf/
armi fxi f ib


a[ mf&D;vnf; [ D;[ D;jrnf i dkonf/ i dk&eft azmfndaeaomrdazmhu . . . ]]a[ mf&D;&JU. . . wpfcg
awmhcufMuNyDayghuG, fh. . . }}[ kat mf[ pfvdkufav&mrdeDESi fholYarmi fuav;oHk;a, mufrSmnHpmpmESi fh
i dka<u;Mujyefonf/
xdkYaemufomt du a[ mf&D;ezl;udkaq;xnfh&efMunfhonf/ a[ mf&D;u . . . ]]ezl;u udwfusrcsd
ygbl; . . . cg;ucufw, f . . . t m;BuD;at mi fhw, f . . . }}[ kqdkonf/ xdkYaMumi fhomt du cg;udk
Munfhonf/ omt drsufESmysufoGm;onf/ rdazmhu t em;uyfrnfvkyfonfudk. . . ]]ci fAsm; rvmeJY. . .
uav;awGudkomMunfhyg. . . ri dkygapeJY. . .}}[ kqdkNyD; ESi fonf/ jrwfarT;udkrl rsufpypf ac:onf/
jrwfarT;vnf; ' P f&mudkjri f&aomt cgrsufESmaoG;qkwfoGm;onf/ odkYaomfESpfa, mufom; a[ mf&D; pdwf
rylat mi f t a&;rBuD;aomt aeESi fh' P f&mudka&eHqDqGwfNyD; t 0wfESi fhywfonf/ NyD;vQi f a[ mf&D;udk
wJacgi f;&i f; vJavsmi f;apumodyfxm;vdkufMuonf/ a[ mf&D;rSmrl nnf;wGm;&i f; rSdef;aeonf/ xdkt wGi f;
i b?omt dESi fhjrwfarT;wdkYacgi f;csi f;dkufMuonf/
i b\ pdwfxJ ol\ om, maomwJt drfuav;rSmromt drfESi fhyi fwlacsNyD[ kawG;um0rf;enf;
yef;enf;jzpfonf/ xdkt csdeft cgrsdK; i b\ aoG;csi f;om;csi f;jzpfaomwdkYArmv, form;t aygi f;wdkYrSm
i benf;wl 0rf;enf;yufvuf jzpfMu&Smonfudki bod&vQi f 0rf;enf;azmf0rf;enf;zufrsm;ESi fht wl aysmf
aysmfBuD; 0rf;enf;vdkuf&rnfjzpf olpdwfajyaumi f; ajyrdayrnf/
oHk;OD;om; acgi f;csi f;dkufNyD;aomf vlpkcGJvdkufavonf/ i bvnf; ai ;arQmf&i f; usef&pfonf/
a[ mf&D;\ pyg;yHkqDodkYolYrsufpda&mufoGm;onf/
eHeufavjynfuav;u aqmfoGi f;jrL;aeonf/
oHk;a&mi fjc, fwdkYArma' gi f;vHBuD;uvnf; a[ mf&D;\ pyg;yHkay:wGi fwjzL;jzL;ESi fh0i fh aeavonf/

t cef; (4)
cspfMunfa&; vrf;p

jzdK;wkyfvkyfykHES, fSufp&myJ aumi f;awmhonf/ Edki fi HBuD;om; ryDovdkufav/ b, fhES, fAsm?usKyf
wdkYt xGwft jrwfxm;aom? Zmwdrmef yGufavmdkufapaomt rsdK;om;t vHBuD;udkrSpyg;yHkwufvk&mrSm
oi f; t oHk;csonf/ Edki fi HBuD;om;wdkYt jri frSmSufp&mygvm;/ SufSufESi fhvJNyD;aovdkufzdkYaumi f;onf/
odkYayr, fht oufwpfacsmi f;qdkwmESajrmzdkYt aumi f;om;/ t aMumi f;rSdyJESi fhawmhvJNyD;aozdkY
roi fh/ uREfkyfwdkYpOf;pm;qi fjci foHk;oyf aooi fhrSaovdkufMuygpdkY/
t i f; . . . pOf;pm;Munfhjyefawmhvnf; i gwdkYArmEdki fi HawmfBuD; vGwfvyfonfht jzpfoepfudki gwdkY
ArmEdki fi Hawmfom;jzpfaomaus;vufawmGmypE&mZf Zeyk' fom;jzdK;wkyfu , ckuJhodkYt rsdK;om; t vH
awmfBuD;udkwcrf;wem;vTi fhxlumarmfuGef;wi fcJhonfrSmi gwdkYArmht em*gwfordki f;wGi f *kP f, lp&mBuD;
wpf&yfjzpfacs\ wum;/
uJhodkY*kP f, lEdki favmufat mi fpDrHzefwD;ay;aomolawmfaumi f; oljrwfavmi f;t aygi f;wdkYt m;
vnf; i gwdkYonf aus;Zl;wi fSdxdkufvSay\ wum;/ olwdkYonfomvQi f i gwdkYArmt rsdK;om; awmol
awmi fom;t aygi f;wdkYt m; ESpfaygi f;wpf&mausmfrQwpfaoG;wnf;wpfom;wnf;t aejzi fhaumi f;&mok*wd
odkYvm;ap&ef jri fhjrwfBuD;rm;vSaomynma&;t ajcpepfjzi fhqHk;ryJhjyi foGefoi f acsmi fodyfxm;cJhonf
r[ kwfwHkavm/ xdkaus;Zl;awmft pHkaMumi fhomvQi f jzdK;wkyf\ OmP ft jri f rQBuD;us, fjci f; jzpfacsonfw
um;/
armi fxi f ib


[ dopH?xdkpum;onfrSef\ / i gwdkY\ t Si foci f t *Fvdyft pdk;&ri f;wdkYonf jrefrmjynfom; wdki f;
&i f;om;wdkYt m; &i f0, fom;uJhodkYoem;Mui femwwfaomr[ m*kP mawmfjzi fhi gwdkY\ ArmjynfBuD;udk
odrf;ydkufvdkufpOfu i gwdkYjrefrmt rsdK;om;rsm;\ t ajconf okn' D*&D wnfcJhonf/ xdkrQEHkcsmzsi f;t vS
aomt ajcrsdK;rSwdk;wufap&ef &nfoefumt Si ft *Fvdyf t pdk;&ri f;wdkYonf BudK;pm;yrf;pm; aqmi fGuf
vdkufav&m1304 ckESpf?olwdkYwpfawGat mi fjri fpGmqkwfcGmoGm;onfht csdef i gwdkYArmt rsdK;om;rsm;\
rl&i f;jzpfaomi brsm;?jzdK;wkyfrsm;\ t ajcrSm' D*&DoknwpfvHk;rSonfESpfvHk;odkYwdk;wuf&pfavNyD/
xdkYaMumi fhpyg;yHkay:wGi ft rsdK;om;t vHpdkufumvGwfNyD; vyfaeaomArmEdki fi HawmfBuD;udkvuf
rGefrqGxlaxmi fcJhaomwrwfom; oci fjzdK;wkyft wGufArmt rsdK;om; v, form;t aygi f;wdkY\ udk, fpm;
i gwdkYSufp&mrvdk/ i buvnf; enf;enf;rSSufp&mrvdk/
pi fppf i bvnf; enf;enf;rQ rSufyg/ olYausmjyi f "m;S om rcHcsi fjzpfrdygonf/
xdkYaMumi fhEdki fi HBuD;om;b0ESi fhraezl;aomjzdK;wkyf\ Edki fi HBuD;om;ryDoonfhjzpft i fudk&i frNyD; pkwfoyf
zdkYrvdkawmhNyD/ SufwwfolwdkYSufwwfzdkYxm;vdkufawmhrnf/
pi fppf onf[ mrsdK;u bmrQt a&;rBuD;/ vufi i f; t a&;wBuD;vkyfzdkYu i b aq;Hkjrefjref
a&mufzdkYjzpfonf/
ajymaeMuma&mh/ aq;Hkt jrefydkYrnf/ odkYayr, fhjrefrmjynfaus;vufawmGmt ajct aet &qdkvQi f
t eD;qHk;aq;Hkudkt jrefqHk;a&mufat mi f oGm;&rSmu b, fenf;ESi fhrqdkESpfa&ausmfausmf oHk;a&avmuf
avSESi fht jyi f;avSmf&OD;rnf/ vrf; OD;oma*gi fBuD;udkt usdK;t aMumi f;ajymjyNyD; ydkufqH0i fawmi f;&OD;rnf/
jrdKUqdkwmi bvnf; a&mufzl;onfr[ kwf/ omt dawmhwpfacgufESpfacgufavmuf a&mufzl;onf/ xdkY
aMumi fhi bu omt dudkt azmfac:onf/ jrwfarT;udkrl v, fuGi f;Sdusef&pfol om;r, m;?uav;rsm;udk
MunfhzdkYxm;cJhrnf/ omt d\ nDuav; i uufudkvnf; yJhudki fzdkYac:&OD;rnf/ xri f;t dk;awmi f;?[ i f;t dk;
awmi f; jyi fESi fhMuaya&mh/ a[ mf&D;t wGufvnf; ukvm;wpfa, muft ydkac:OD;rSjzpfrnf/ oi f;wdkYu Zmwf
BuD;avawmhvrf;pm;zdkYukvm;yJavSmfwdkY?rkefYqef;avSmfwdkYxkyfxm;MuESi fhaya&mh/
rQt jyi f; pDrHvdkuf&mi bwdkYvlodkufnaea&t rDv, fuGi f;rSxGufEdki fonf/ odkY&mwGi f[ dknu
rD;xdefvi f;aeaoma&ausmf0udkcP 0i f&OD;rnf/
i b?omt dESi fhukvm;uav;wdkYonfa&ausmf0 wkwfqdki fwHwm;odkYwufMuonf/ wkwfqdki f
t eD;t em;wGi ft drfajc q, fhav;i g;t drfavmufSdonf/ xdkt pkuvlrsm;u vlav;i g;a, mufpkNyD; aeYvnf
ui f;zGJY apmi fhaeMuonf/ i bwdkYwufvmaomt cgi bt m; ]]oci frsdK;a[ h}}[ kvufoD;qkyfvufHk;wef;
at mfumEIwfqufMuonf/ olwdkY\ t csdef;t csuft &i bu ]]wdkYArm}}[ kjyefat mf&rnf/ odkYrSrdwf
aqGESi fh&efol cGJjcm;wwfrnf/ odkYaomfi bonf rQavmufynmt &nft csi f; jynfhpHkonfr[ kwf/ i b
wdkYonfavmuft ui f;yg;vQi f jrefrmjynf vGyfvyfa&;&onfrSmMumvSua&maygh/ , ckawmhonfvdk
r[ kwf/ jrefrmawGvnf; rvGwfvyfao;/ i bvnf; t ajz ray;wwfao;ay/ xdkYaMumi fhui f;orm;rsm;
0dki f;t Hkajy;vmonf/ i bvnf; vefY aemufqkwfonf/
odkY&mwGi ft csdefaumi f;aomaMumi fhui f;orm;rsm;u i brSef;odonf/
]]a[ ht aumi f. . . i b &. . . bmaMumi fhajy;ovJ. . . }}
armi fxi f ib


]][ m. . . ci fAsm;wdkYvm; . . . bmaMumi fhuRefawmfhudkvdkuf&ovJ. . . }}
]]t dk. . . i b&m. . . ri fhES, fuGm. . . oci frsdK;a[ hvdkYt csufay;aewmrMum;bl;vm; . . . }}
]]aMomf. . . udkBuD; i vHk;vm; . . . Mum;awmhMum;wmayghAsm. . . }}
]]at ;v[ m. . . Mum;&i fxl;ygvm;[ . . . }}
]]uJ. . . xl;ygNyDwJhAsm. . . AsdKU. . . }}
]]t r, fav; avh. . . ' Dvdkxl;zdkYr[ kwfbl;uG. . . acwfrrDwJhi b &. . . ]wdkYArm}vdkYjyefxl;
&w, f[ . . . awmom;vJqdk&JU. . . aomufzsi f;Edki fvdkufwmvJvGefvdkY. . . }}
ui f;orm;rsm; 0g;ueJ&, fMuonf/
i bvnf; t awmf SufoGm;onf/ i bvdkawmom;t zdkY' grsdK;rSSufp&maumi f;onf/ pyg;yHkvk
o[ mbmrSt a&;rBuD;/ olrsm;0dki f;&, fjci f; cH&rS[ D&dMowyw&m;[ lonf/
uGi f;orm;wdkYrSmwuGi f;om;wnf;jzpfav&mi bt m; t usdK;t aMumi f;ar;onf/ a[ mf&D;\
t aMumi f;udk Mum;&ojzi fh pkwfwoyfoyfjzpfNyD;vQi f avSodkY qi f;MunfhMuonf/ udkBuD;i vHk;ESi fh
bBuD;pwdkYu vrf;pm;zdkYa[ mf&D;udki SufaysmoD;?t kef;oD; vufaqmi fay;onf/ cspfci fMui femaomt rlt &m
jyMuonf/ wu, fhapwemESi fhvnf; cspfci fMui femMuygayonf/
NyD;vQi f i bu nut jzpft ysuf t oHAvHrsm;t aMumi f; ar;ojzi fhwHwm;rSwkwfqdki fqDodkY
oGm;Muonf/
t [ efIyfonf i budkoabmaumi f; ? ajzmi fhrwf ? r[ kwfrcHwwf ci fri fSmonf/ i brSm
onfuGi f;wGi f rSefrSefvkyf? rSefrSefpm;Edki fol jzpfav&mt [ efIyfu i budkolrsm;wumxuf t xi fBuD;
onf/ olYudkpdwfvnf;csonf/ , Hkvnf; , HkMunfonf/ rQvufyGef;wwD; pdwfwloabmwl &i f;ESD;av
aomMumi fht [ efIyfu i budkjri fonfqdkvQi fyi fol\ nDi , fwpfOD; t drfjyefvmonfwGi ft pfudkjzpfolu
t drfwGi f;rIrsm;udkqD; wdki fouJhodkYca&aphwGi f;uswdki favonf/
aS;wHk;uqdkvQi f (wpfenf;t m;jzi fhraeYnaeavmufuqdkvQi f) ydkufqHodrf;aompm;yGJwef;vsm;
aemufu rSefADdkxJ ukvm;t kwfwHqdyf yavuyfvHkcsnf? qDpdrfvHkcsnf? Mu, fwHqdyfpGyfus, f? rt Hk;pdef
ZmabmfvD? Smyef;xnft eD? auauvHkcsnf? o&ufxnfxbD? yef;pnf;BudK;? ausmufql;wHqdyf
befcsnfBudK;? i g;rQm;wHt G, ft pm;pm;? puL? a&mi fpHkcJwH? ausmufwH? ausmufoi fykef;? bD;?
zefvufaumuf?ukurmMu, foD;paomAlvdewfp?jAKwfpAsi f;awmi f;?ukeft rsdK;rsdK;wdkYonf' l;ae&m' l;?
awmfae&mawmfqdkovdkudk, fhqdki f&mt uefYuefYwdkY wi fhw, fpGmpHy, fvsufSdcJhMuonf/
qDyHk;? a&eHqDyHk;? za, mi f;wdki f? qyfjymwdkYrSmvnf; olYxi f;SL;yHk;ESi fhol pnf;urf;ao0yfpGmaecJh
onf/ i kwf?MuufoGef?yJ?ESrf; ponfwdkYrSmvnf; qdki facgi f;&i f;wGi fSdaomxi fSL;aowmwi fcHk olY
t cef;ESi fholwpfodkufpDwnfSdcJhMuonf/
armi fxi f ib


, cki bMunfhvdkufaomt cgrlum; ADdkAvm/ xi fSL;yHk; ewd/xi f;SL;om;wi fcHk bmrQrSd/
a&eHqDuefawmhBuD;u ADdkxJa&mufaeonf/ qDpkyfaombHkbdki frSm&p&mrSdat mi f ysufaeaomaMumi fh
t [ efIyf\ om;uav;u jri f;vkyfNyD; pD;aeonf/ pm;yGJukvm;xdki fwdkYrSmvnf; jyefYMuJ?NydKuGJ?aysmufS
ukefacsNyD/ t [ efIyfonfawmt aersm; Armpum; yDoat mi fajymwwfonf/
wu, fqdkawmht [ efIyfArmpum;yDoonfrSmbmrSrqef;yg/ q, fhESpfESpfom; t &G, favmufu
p Armajrei f;NyD;?Arma&udkaomufcJhonfhaemufArmpum;udkrSryDo&vQi fb, fpum;udkyDo&rSmvJ/ [ dk
*Emv&mZf ]]jynfBuD;}} Sdaumi f;wHke, f zwfpefaus;GmrSt [ efqdkaomwkwfuav;onf uwL
GufoabFmBuD;pD;NyD; &efukefNrdKUodkYa&mufvmonf/ i budk t [ efIyfu olYt aMumi f; aS;a[ mi f;
aESmi f;jzpfrsm; ajymjyaomt cg ol &efukefa&mufpu cg;wGi f BudK;ESi fhoD ywfxm;avhSdaom
wkwfaMu;jym; t aygufBuD;rsm;udk xkwfjyavhSdonf/ xdkaMu;jym;t aygufBuD;rsm;rSmArmoHk;ydkufqH
r[ kwfaomaMumi fht [ efIyfonf a&ausmf0 rQBuD;us, fcrf;em;aomqdki fBuD;udkt ydki fpD;Edki fat mi f
t b, fyHk vkyfoenf;[ k i b rawG;wwf/ i brSwfrdorQrSm t [ efIyfonf &efukefrS
a&ausmf0odkYa&mufpu , ck olydki faomqdki fwGi f xri f;csuf&onf/ xdkt cg t [ efrSmt ouf
ESpfq, fcefYt G, fvlysdKjzpfonf/ i bum; ykqdk; uGi f;odki f; rjzKwfao;aomt G, f Sd\ / rdazmhawmi frSyJ
xbDudk&i frSm;wwfao;bl;/ odkYaomfi b onfrdazmhudkcdk;ajy;aomESpf t [ efonfqdki fSi fjzpfaeNyD/
oi f;wdkYwkwfawG[ mb, fvdkydkufqHSmygvdrfh/ olwdkYuawmhw, fNyD; ukodkvfxl;wmyJ/i b i , fpOfu
t [ efudk]]a[ h. . . aygufazmf. . . }}[ kac:zl;onf/ vlvm;ajrmufonfhaeUu pNyD; i bonft [ eft m;
t [ efIyf[ kac:umdkao cefUnm;vm&onf/ t [ efIyfqdkawmhArmvdkOD;t [ efaygh/ aMomf. . . vlqdkwm
olYumrm0p&t usdK;ay;eJYolyJ/
i bonft [ efIyfBuD;yGm;onfht aMumi f;udk rQt xdomodonf/ t [ efIyfu i bt m; . . .
]]ri f; BuD;yGm;csi f&i f i ghudkMunfh. . . }}[ kajymzl;yg\ / , i f;odkYajymzl;ojzi fht [ efIyfudkcP cP
Munfhrdyg\ / odkYaomfi brSmrBuD;yGm;?t [ efIyfomvQi fBuD;yGm;\ / xdkt csufonfomvQi ft HhzG, fbeef;
xl;qef;vSonf/ t [ efIyfu Armpum;udkXmefudkP f;usat mi f ajymwwfonfrSmi bt zdkYbmrQrxl;
qef;/
]]uJ . . . ' gyJ Munfhawmhudki ba&U. . . usKyfwkwfqdkayr, fhci fAsm;wdkUGmausmi f;udkqGrf;
uGrf; axmufaewJh' umt &i f;ygAsmh. . . oma&;ema&;rSmqdkvJb, fwHk;t cgurSrji i f;bl; . . . Munfhav
. . . acsmi f;OD;bk&m; xD;wi fwHk;u yef;qGJjy m' fBuD;udkvSLwmusKyfyJr[ kwfvm; . . . uJ. . . uJ. . .
udki bwdkYudkvHk;wdkYvJ t odom;yJ . . . wkwfESpfopful;&i fvJ usKyf csuft &uf t 0wdkufcJhwmyJ
r[ kwfvm; . . . ' DESpft &yfysufcgeD;rdkYusKyft apmi fht aSmuf&ygapawmhvdkYjzdK;wkyfwdkYvlodkufudkt jrJ
vdkorQaxmufyHhcJhygw, fAsm. . . ' geJYawmi f' Dvdkjzpf&wmt onf;emzdkYaumi f;w, f. . . usKyfa&ausmf0u
vlrsm;uawmhapmi fhaSmufazmf&yg&JU. . . ' gayr, fhjzdK;wkyfudkaMumuf&oudk; . . . b, fwwfEdki frvJ. . .
usKyfu ypnf;ukefwmrESajrmygbl; . . . vludk, HkrdvdkY' Davmufjzpf&wmydkNyD; t onf;emwmygyJ . . .
t r, f. . . ckrSAsdKU. . . vlqdk;eJYvlaumi f; cGJjcm;od&wmuvm; . . . usKyfwdkYwpfawGt xi fBuD;aewJh
pdyfykwD;eJYOD;omt dkBuD;[ mvufwpfzufu "m;udki fNyD; rqdki folruyfMueJYvdkYat mfwmusKyfawmh&, fawmi f
&, frdoAsm. . . r, Hk&i fudkvHk; ar;Munfh. . . }}
t [ efIyfvnf; &i fxJSdorQudk oufom&m&ygapawmh[ k t ukefzGi fhcsvdkufonf/ i bESi fhwuG
a&ausmf0t pku vlrsm;vnf; t [ efIyfudk*kP moufpGmjzi fhji drfoufpGmem;axmi fMuonf/ a&ausmf0u
armi fxi f ib


vlrsm; pum;udkMum;&onfrSmt cgESpfq, fxuf renf;NyD/ ji D;ai GYvSNyD/ odkYaomf t [ efIyf pdwfxd
cdkufrnfpdk; olxyfajymwdki f;ajymwdki f; t opfjzpfouJhodkYaNE&pGmem;axmi fMuonf/
]]EdkYayr, fht csdefvi fhr, fAsm. . . cGi fhjyKMuygOD; . . . a&odyfusae&i fa&ausmfrausmfEdki fyJ aeOD;
r, f. . . }}[ ki bu t [ efIyfESi fhwuGGmom;rsm;udkEIwfcGef;qufNyD; c&D;jyi f;xGuffcJhonf/
noef;aumi frwdki frDqdwfBuD;ukef;odkYa&mufonf/ qdwfBuD;ukef;onfok efwpjyi fuJhodkYji drfvS
onf/ OD;oma*gi fwdkYt drfaemufaz;wHwm; i bqdkufonf/ qdkufvQi fqdkufcsi f; i bt m; ]]oci frsdK;a[ h}}
[ laomt oHwpfoHu qD;BudKESIwfqufonf/
i b rSi foufaerdonf/ onfpum;udkol cP cP Mum;cJhNyD/ udkBuD;i vkH;uvnf; t ajzudkoi f
ay;vdkufNyD/ odkYaomf onfpum;Mum;wdki f; wapt ajcmufcH&ovdkjzpfNyD; i dki foGm;onf/ a[ mf&D;ESi fhygvm
aomukvm;uav;u i b t oHwHkYjyefjci f;rjyKvQi f t vdkufcH&OD;awmhrnf[ kem;vnfrd ]]wdkYArm}}[ k
t csufjyefvdkufonf/
]][ Jh. . . ukvm;oHBuD;yguvm; . . . }}[ kvlpku at mfonf/
]][ m. . . ukvm;awGwufvmwmyJ . . . wdkYudk&efrlrvdkYxi fw, f . . . }}[ kwpfa, mufu
xri f;vHk;wapajcmufcH&ouJhodkYaMumufaMumufESi fhajymonf/ vlpkvnf; SdorQav;?jrm;?ESpfzufcRef?
wkwf?"m;wdkYudkudki fNyD;vQi fukvm;wufacgufvdkufonf/
wpjyi f[ ki bxi f&aomqdwfBuD;ukef;GmrSmaoolawGt ouf0i fNyD; Si fjyefxajrmufojzi fhwHk;
Hk;aeMuovdkt kef;t kef;ESi fhjrnfoGm;onf/
Gmdk;wavQmuf wHcg;ydwfol ydwf?Gmjyi fajy;ol ajy;?ukvm;wyfBuD; csDwufvmNyD[ kat mfol
at mf?wdkYArmt oHuvnf; wpfcJeufay:vmonf/
i bvnf; t kwfat mfaomi f;wi f;jzpfrSt dyf&mrSvefYEdk;vmouJhodkYuref;uwef;ESi fhavSay:rSae
. . . ]]uRefawmfa&ausmf0u i byg. . . OD;oma*gi fqDudkvmwmyg. . . }}[ kukef;ukef;NyD; at mf\ /
xdkt cgrSvlpkvla0;SJoGm;NyD; i bESi fhwuGaemufygwdkYonf t drfay:odkYwuf&avonf/ Gmol
Gmom;wdkYt ar;t jref;xlvS wpfaMumi f;? eHeufwGi fxGufEdki f&ef udkoma*gi fxHrSai Ga&;aMu;a&; pum;
ajym& wpfaMumi f; oef;aumi fausmfESpfcsufwD;rSi b wpfa&;wpfarmt dyf&onf/ eHeufvi f;aomt cg
i ba&mufcsdef ukvm;wufNyD[ kat mf t ajy;wGi fGmxJu Armt drfoHk;av;t drfudkArmwufNyD; at ;"m;jy
wdkufaMumi f; Mum;od&onf/
i bu Armt csi f;csi f;wdkufonfrSmrjzpfEdki f[ kawG;onf/ t aMumi f;aomfum; oci fjzdK;wkyf\
aemufvdkufwpfOD;u t rsdK;om;t csi f;csi f; vufzsm;ESi fhrwdkYbl;qdkonfudk bk&m;a[ ma' oemuJhodkY
awmom;wdkYbm0 , Hkpm;rdjci f;aMumi fhjzpfonf/
eHeufpmudkcyfapmapmpm;NyD;vQi f i bESi fha[ mf&D;wdkYc&D;wpfwef xGufMujyefonf/ vrf; u&i f
Gmqdyfrsm;wGi f t armt yrf;ajz&ef acwqdkufonf/ u&i fzxD;wdkYu i budkrouFm cP cP vmppf
onf/ bmombm0ajymqdkaeMuonfudki b em;rvnf/ u&i ft drfrsm;odkYwuf yi f pm;p&mawmi f;ao;
onf/ u&i ft csdKUu . . . ]]ei fwdkYArmawGw, fr, Hk&bl;a0h. . . nn EGm;wdkY?MuufwdkYvmvkNyD; owf. .
armi fxi f ib


. owfpm;w, f . . . ' Dvdkomqdk&i fa0; . . . wpfckckawmhjzpfawmhrSmyJ 0Jh. . . }}[ k&i fav; zG, f
pum;ajymonf/
xdkn u&i fGmrSxGufcJhNyD;aemufwpfnvHk; avSmfvm&mwGi fjrpfBuD;ab; wpfzufwpfcsufu&i f
ArmGmrsm; rD;[ kef;[ kef;awmuf aeonfudkawGY&onf/ i brSmt awmfyi f pdwfav;rdonf/ ]]ei fwdkY
ArmawGw, f r, Hk&bl;a0h. . . }}wJh/ rSefonf/ jzdK;wkyfwdkYvdkArmrsdK;udku&i frajymESi fh?i bawmi frS
r, kHEdki fyg/ u&i fqdkolrSme*dkuyi fdk;om;ol jzpfonf/ t J . . . wpfckawmhSdonf/ olwdkYvlrsdK;u ][ i f}
qdk&i fNyD;a&m?NyD;a&m/
aumi f;ui fjyi fwpfckvHk;onf qkwfaeaomvri f;\ nhHoufaomt Sdeft 0gwdkYjzi fh0dk;wdk;0g;wm;
vi f;aeonf/ rD;[ kef;[ kef;awmufaeaomGmrsm;rSrD;awmufrD;vQHwdkYonf aumi f;ui fjyi fudkajy; [ yf
onf/
i bonfxdkrD;vQHwdkYudkMunfh&i f; avSOD;rSrSefrSefavSmfvm&moa&mukef; a&ausmfodkYa&mufvmav
onf/ a&ausmfonft vGefusOf;ajrmi f;onf/ aA' grsm;vnf; Nynhfnyfaeonf/ a&ausmfxJudk0i fEdki fat mi f
aA' gazmi fBuD;rsm;udkavSmfwufESi fhwt m;cGJ&ao;onf/ a&ausmfxJ a&mufonfht cgvnf; i b onf
avSOD;rSxdki f aA' gzkwfwdkYudkwufESi fhaxmufumavSudkqGJ, lygrSavSonfwaGUaGUoGm;Edki fonf/
aA' gzkwfudkavSmfwufESi fhaxmufvdkufvQi f azmufceJ jrnfonf/ nOfh\ wdwfqdwfjci f;xJ xdk
aA' grS azmufceJjrnfoHrSm i b\ t azmfjzpfonf/ aA' gzkwfwpfzkwfudk wufESi fh axmufvdkuf rS
azmufueJ rjrnfbl;qdkvQi f i b rauseyf/ GufwHSnfaA' gwdkYrSmaumi f;ui fu vri f;BuD;qDodkY
vufvSrf;um]]xri f;wpfqkyfESi fha&wpfrIwf}}udkawmi f;aeouJhodkY/ odkYaomfxdkaA' gzkwfwdkYonfdk;wHwdk
aA' gzkwfuav;rsm;ESi fhrwl/ olwdkYudki bu wufESi fhaxmufaomf axmufwdki f; t oHrjyK/ xdkYaMumi fh
i bu dk;wHSnfaA' gzkwfwdkYudkawGYvQi f wufapmi f;ckwfonf/ odkYrSomazmufceJ jrnfonf/ odkYaomf
avSOD;ESi fhrvSrf;rurf;u aA' gzkwfwpfzkwfrSmt awmfuwfoD;uwfowfEdki fvSonf/ i bu avSmfwufESi fh
axmuf vdkufaomt cg ]bkwf} ceJ jrnfonf/ wufapmi f;ESi fhckwfvdkufonfht cgusawmhjAef;ueJ
jrnfonf/ xdkYaMumi fhi bu rsufapmi f;xdk; Munfhrdonf/ t vdk. . . aA' gzkwfxJrSmjzLjzLazG;azG;
um;, m;BuD; v[ /
yJhudki f&i f; i dkufaeaomi uufonf ol\ i dkufwwfaomZmwdudkray:at mi f acsmi f;wpfcsuf[ efY
NyD;vQi fwufwpfcsufokwfvdkufonf/
odkYaomfavSum; raGUacs/
i brSmrlum; xdk]]jzLjzLazG;azG; um;, m;BuD;}}udkomt mHkpdkufumolYbufygvmat mi f avSmf
wufESi hf, uf, lonf/
jzLjzLazG;azG; a&aq;i g;BuD;vdk/ t rav;Asmh/ t cgvnf om;uav; ajcum;, m; vufum;, m;
ESi fhaA' gzkwfay:rSmzm;aygi fpi f;aeyga&mhuvm;/
at mf . . . zxD;awGudkoem;zdkYaumi f;vdkufwm/ {uEckwf&i f;?xpf&i f;?ajy;&i f;?vTm;&i f;ESi fh
rdci f zci fvkyfolwdkYonf &i faoG;uav;udkyi f ypfcJh&ygayghvm;/ at mf . . . ' ku?' ku/ zG[ Jh?vGJap?
armi fxi f ib


]]udki b . . . rjzpfbl; xi fw, f . . . urf;OD;rSmaoewfawGwudki fudki feJUvlpkvla0; w, f
aumi f;w, f. . . reufrSyJ uyfMupdkY. . . }}[ l i uufu pdk;&drfwBuD; ajymvdkufojzi fhi bpdwfxJ
jri fvdkufaomrdazmhrsufESmrSmaysmufuG, foGm;onf/
i brSmi uuft m;udk;jzpf olt BuHay;orQudkOD;rav;bJ vdkufem&eft oi fhSdonf/ xdkYaMumi fh
aTapwDuav;udkysysrQjri f&aomt &yfuae i bonf wpfncdkae&onf/ eHeufvi f;jyefaomf i b\
avSuav;rSmaMumufqkwfaMumufqkwfESi fhjrdKUqdyfodkYuyfavownf;/
t csdefrSma0vDa0vi f; t csdefjzpfonf/ i dkufrsOf;aomui f;orm;wdkYu xHk;pHt wdki f; ppfar;onf/
i brSmxHk;pHt wdki f; ]]oci frsdK;a[ h}}[ kwdki foHMum;vQi facgi f;eyef; BuD;BuD;oGm;wwfaomaMumi fhi uuf
u ]]wdkYArm}}[ kt oHazmufonf/ NyD;vQi folwdkYjrdKUodkYvm&aomt aMumi f;wdkYudkajym a[ mf&D;udkwGJum
urf;em;qdyfodkYwufonf/
]]ri f;wdkYES, fuGm. . . umvBuD;ysufrSIyfIyf, Suf, Sufaq;Hkvmae&ao;ovm; . . . *gwfwdkY?
Hk;wdkYrSdawmhbl;uG, fh. . . ckvJjrdKUudku&i fawG0dki f;r, fvdkYowi f;&w, f. . . }}[ l ui f;orm; wpf
a, mufu ajymonf/
]]' gP f&mu [ ufwufBuD;rdkYawmrSmb, fhES, fvkyfukEdki fyghrvJ t pfudk&mh. . . }}[ ki bu jyef
ajymonf/
wpfzufurf;rSaoewfoHwpfcsufMum;&onf/
jrdKU\ awmi fbufydki f;qDrSkwfkwfkwfkwfESi fhvloHawGMum;&jyefonf/ jrdKUbufu aoewfoH
wpfcsufwHkUjyefvdkufonf/ i bt zdkYxdkt oHwdkYonf0&ZdefvufeufoH[ l xi frSwfrdonf/
]]u&i fawGwufvmukefNyDa[ h. . . }}[ kwpfcJeufat mfoHMum;&jyefonf/ aoewfoHwdkYvnf;
rdk;rTefoGm;acsNyD/ ui f;orm;wdkYvnf; ajr 0yfaeMu&onf/ i b? a[ mf&D;? i uufESi fhukvm;av;wdkYrSm
' DvHk;cJyHkaemuf0i f ykaeMuonf/
wpfzufurf;rSrD;cdk;awGwufvmonf/ Gmwef;SnfBuD; awmi fbufrSrD;cdk;vHk;onfBuD;rm; om
vmNyD;vQi fajrmufbufSdt drfrsm;qDodkYul;onf/
eHeufci f; jrLrIefawGxaepOf t yl"mwf t cdk;t ai GYrsm;aMumi fhaumi f;ui fwpfjyi fvHk;rSmrIdi f;a0a0
Zmwfci f; aeonf/
jrdKUbufu ESpfvHk;jyL;aoewfoHrSmwazmi f;azmi f; jrnfaeonf/ wpfzufurf;u dki fz, fusnfqH
wdkYrSmTDueJjrnf vlt rsm;acgi f;ay:rSausmfoGm;onf/
]' dki f; . . . TD; . . . azmi f; . . . zkef;}[ l t kef;jcdrfhjcdrfhnHaeonfht oHwdkYrSm. . . ]]OD;aombdw
r, fawmfysHwHk;u ' Hk;wdkufwmxufjyi f;yguvm; . . . }}[ ki bat mufarhonf/
t oHawG t enf;i , fpJaomf wpfzufurf;rS rD;vHk;BuD;rsm;wufvm Gmt drfwef;BuD;rSm
wpft drfrQyi frusef[ kqdkpavmufyi favmi fukefonf/
armi fxi f ib


i bvnf; t oHt pJwGi fa[ mf&D;udkwGJ aq;HkodkYcyfokwfokwfajcjyi f;ESi fcJhonf/ vrf;wpfvrf;
vHk; i brSm' P f&m&olESi fhvm;vm;rSrwl?okwfcsufom; aumi f;vSonf/ aq;Hka&muf aq;xnfhcef;
0i frdavaomf ol\ ' P f&monf a[ mf&D;&aom' P f&mxufyi f pdk;&drfp&maumi f;bdouJhodkYoHrHwvi f;
Murf;jyi fay:wGi f i bonf acG, dki fvJNydK usoGm;NyD;vQi f av;vHk;ajcmufzuf t wabmBuD;rSmarhajrm
oGm;avownf;/

t cef; (5)
e, fcsJUorm;rsm;

awmom;jzpf&onfavmuf at mufusonfrSmurmrSmSdrnfrxi f/ awmom;vnf; qdkao;?
v, form;vnf;jzpfjyefqdkawmhomqdk;a&mhry/ awmom;v, form;t jzpfESi fhArmjynfrSmvljzpf&onfum;
qdk;onfxufnpfavaomaMumi fhvlYb0qHk;onfESi fhyi fwlacs\ wum;/
Armjynf ArmjrdKUom;q, fhi g;OD;avmufudkawmom; Spfq, fhi g;a, mufu jcH&Haeonf/ i gwdkY\
awmom; Spfq, fhi g;a, muft euf 70 ausmfavmufrSmv, form;csnf;ESi fESi f jzpfonf/ onfwdkYrSm
1941 ckESpf oef;acgi fpm&i f;t & rSwfrdorQajym&jci f;jzpfonf/ onf*P ef;awGudkt wnfrjyKEdki f[ k
qdkapumrl Armjynf v, form;awmom;OD;a&u jrdKUom;vlOD;a&xuf ajcmufqavmufawmhydkrnf/
xdkYaMumi fh b0qHk;onfESi fhwlaom vlOD;a& t a&t wGufrSm vlYabmi fwGi f aeom;xdki fom;us
aysmfarGYaeaomvlOD;a&xufajcmufqavmufydkaeonf/
awmom; i budkMunfhyg/ olonf aq;cef;xJwGi f Sdaomvlemwi f pm;yGJuav;ay:wGi f
zm;jyKwfBuD; cg;aygi fpi f;aeovdkarSmufcHkBuD; um;aeygonf/ olYt emcsKyfrnfqdk odkY0#fcHae&onfrSm
xri f;t dk; ESpfvHk;csufavmufSdNyD/ q&m0efqdkolrSmay:rvmao;yg/ umvysufNyD; t pdk;&rSdawmhvc
vnf;r&vdkYrvkyfEdki fbl;[ knnf;wGm;aeaomq&m0efrSmt drfjyefxri f;pm;aeonf[ kqdkonf/ q&m0ef
rvmrDaSUawmfajy; ' &ufqmukvm;uvnf; i bausmjyi fu [ ufwufjyJBuD;udkayBudK;ESi fht vsm;vdkuf
wdki f;vdkuf?oHt yfwHk;ESi fhEIduf uavmfvdkufESi fht rsdK;rsdK; uvdaeonf/ t emu ESpfay ESpfvufr av;yHk
oHk;yHkSnf t eufrSmwpfvufr SpfyHki g;yHkavmufSdrnf[ kqdkonf/ arhaq;ravmuf t pdrf;vdkufcsKyf
rnf[ kajymoHMum;onf/ onfvdkcsKyfayr, fhudprSdyg/ t yfu t *Fvdyft ajy;rSmoHacs;wufae enf;
enf;awmhemrnf/ at mi fhcHvdkufvQi fbmrQt a&;BuD;onfr[ kwfyg/ roumt emSdefaMumi fht yl ' D*&D
104 avmufomwufNyD; oHk;&ufavmufomzsm;rnf jzpfygonf/ onft cgrSmat ?wD?t uf(pf) aq;
, lepfaygi f; ajcmufaxmi favmufudk av;BudrfcGJNyD; t i f*sufSi f; xdk;vdkufvQi f t zsm;vnf; aysmuf?
t emvnf; jrefjrefusufrnf/
armi fxi f ib


aq;zdk;awmhrsm;rsm;usrnf r[ kwfyg/ t *Fvdyft ajy;rSmaq;Hkuaq;rsm; olwdkYt azESi fht wl
ygoGm;MuaomaMumi fhaq;Sm;yg;onf/ wpfvHk;t pdwfavmufESi fhav;vHk;ai Gwpf&mukefvQi f. . . / t em
SdefaMumi fhvm;?ai Gwpf&maMumi fhvm; bmaMumi fhvJrajymwwf?i b rsufjzLvefoGm;onf/
i budkaq;HkZmwfoGi f;ae&mrSrsufjzLqdkufoGm;onfudkjri f&aom' &ufqmrSmpdwfysufoGm;yHk&
onf/ ]]vdkufuGmt rdGKi feD, m}}udkykvi f;vdkuf, lNyD; t zHk;udkt ukefzGi fh i b\ ESm0udkawhvdkufonf/ ESm0
xJodkYoHcRefESi fhxdk;vdkufNyD; ESmacgi f;udkacgi f;t Hk;BuD;BuD;ESi fhqdkYxm;onf[ ki b xi frSwfvdkufonf/ yg;
pyfrScGD;cGD;ESi fhjrnfpOfrsuf&nfrsm; usvmonfudkodrf;&i f; . . . ]]t &m&, f. . . usKyfwdkYawmom;ayr, fh
aus;Zl;rarhygbl; . . . usKyfwdkYt drfrSmav . . . wrHxJu&wJhi g;awGi g;ajcmuf vSrf;xm; wm
i g;yd mavmufSdygw, f. . . }}[ kt &mBuD; BudKufrvm;vdkYi bu ajymrdonf/
' &ufqmu rMum;csi fa, mi faqmi fNyD; aq;ykvi f;udkjyefxm;&ef t cef;jyi fodkYxGufoGm;onf/
t cef;jyi f q&m0ef a&mufae[ efwlonf/ t oHESpfoHwdk;wdk;wGwfwGwfESi fhMum;&onf/ awmfawmfMum
aomf q&m0efqdkol a&mufvmonf/ i bu t *Fvdyfaq;q&m0ef qdkonfrSmukvm;' defESi fhwloudk;[ k
rSwfxm;onf/ xdkq&m0efu . . . ]]aq;vJ rSdbl; . . . cufwmyJ . . . eJeJawmhat mi fhcHaemf. . . }}[ k
t m;ay;pum;ajymonf/ NyD;vQi ft emudkp udki fonf/
]]bmvkyfpm;ovJ. . . }}[ kq&m0efu ar;\ /
]]t rav; . . . t ar&JU. . . rdazmh&JU. . . uRwf. . . uRwf. . . v, fvkyfpm;ygw, fci fAsm. . . }}
[ ki bu ajz\ /
]]b, fESpf{uvJ. . . }}
]]t cGufESpfq, favmufygci fAsmh. . . t rav;As. . . }}
]]aq;Hka&mufzl;ovm; . . . }}
]]qdwfBuD;ukef; uvGJNyD; b, frSra&muf. . . t rav; . . . av; . . . [ D; . . . }}
]]ci fAsm;u t oefom;yJ . . . t m;vJ aumi f;w, f. . . uJ . . . a[ hcRwfu&m; . . . t yfeJY
jri f;NrD;udkpwmdki fvdk(Zf) vkyfNyD;&i f, lcJh. . . }}
*vHk*vi f?cRi fcRi fESi fhZGef;oHvdkvdk?yef;uefoHvdkvdki b Mum;\ / remat mi fbk&m; t mHkjyKpOf
xdkt oHwdkYudkMum;& aTajymi fajymi fawmi fay:ubk&m; rdazmhESi fhi b opmxm;pOfqnf;vnf;oHrsm;
u qdki f;qi fhay;aeouJhodkYSd\ / t mHkjyKaumi f;wHk;rSmt emay: ykqdefusav&mi b t m;ukef[ pf\ /
ezl;u acR;' D;' D;us\ / wpfcsufwpfcsufarhoGm;\ /
pi fppfq&m0ef\ usi fvnfaomvufrsm;rSmt emay:odkYwGm;oGm;aeonfum; uGrf;wpf&mnuf
rQrMumacs/ i bt zdkYq, furmavmufMumonfxi f&\ /
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armi fxi f ib


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ausmjyi fuav;udkwapmi f;xm; acGvSJaeonfrSmrnfrQMumonfrod/ t dyf&muvefYEdk;rSa[ mf&D;rSmrdrd
t dyf&meHab;wGi fckwi fay: t aovdkjzLa&mfa&mfESi fht dyfaeonfudkawGU&\ /
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]]b, fhES, faeovJ. . . }}
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a&mufvmwmyJ. . . t efcsi fvdkufwm. . . }}
a[ mf&D;u yGufueJ t efvdkufonf/ ckwi fab;odkYwHawG;ovdyfESi fha&Munfrsm; a0gueJusoGm;
onf/ pdrf;aTaTcsdKjrjrt eHYBuD;u aq;Hkcef;xJvTrf;oGm;onf/
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]][ i fht i f; . . . ' D0HomEku ai Gt usdyfukefw, ft mhudk*sD; . . . }}[ ka[ mf&D;u ajymonf/
odkYaqG;aEG;&i f;ESi fhwpfaeukefonf/ t pm;t pmvnf; rpm;&/ i uufonf aps;u xri f;[ i f;
0, fydkY&onf/ i bt zdkYaq;Hku t pmydkYwefaumi f;onf[ kvnf; rawG;rd/ u&i f-Armt "dukP f;aMumi fh
a&mufvmMuaom' P f&m&olwdkYudkaq;Hku csufauR;onfudkawGYrSai Gukefoufom&ef aq;HkrSt pm
awmi f;onf/ t pdk;&t wnfwusrjzpfao; ai GrSdqdkaomaMumi fhaq;HkrSt pmarQmfrdonfhaeYu wpfaeY
vHk; xri f;i wfonf/
odkYa, mi fawmi fawmi ft lwlwlESi fhyi fvQi fav;i g;&ufavmufaq;Hkwufvdkufaomt cgi b
t emrSmawmfawmfBuD; usufoGm;onf/ aq;Hku aq;aumi f;? t jyKt pkaumi f;vdkYyJvm;? awmom;wdkY
obm0 usef;rmjci f;vmbfvmbaMumi fht emydk;wdkYudkcHEdki f&nfSdvdkYyJvm; rajymwwf/ q&m0efu qi f;
Edki fNyDajymojzi fha[ mf&D;udkxm;cJhNyD; aq;Hkuqi f;onf/ a[ mf&D;\ ' P f&mrSmt &uf 20 ausmf wpfv
avmuf Mumrnfjzpf i bu v, fuGi f;xJ jyefrnf/ a[ mf&D;udkaemufrSvlvTwfNyD;ac:rnf[ kqdkum
a[ mf&D;t m; ESpfodrffht m;ay;cJhonf/
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wpft drfwpfa, muf vma&mufMum;em&rnf/ edyGefppfAdkvfBuD; t rdefY/ ysufuGufvQi f BuD;av;aomt jypf
armi fxi f ib


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uGi f;odkYjyefrnf[ ki bu t pDt pOfudkpdwfxJrSmBudwfNyD; a&;qGJonf/
xdkt csdeft cgum; bDt dki fat ArmhvGwfvyfa&;wyfrawmfom;wdkYu &yfGmji drfoufa&;t wGufvlqdk;
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cdk;om; "m;jyrIrsm;udkt &yfom;wdkYu wwforQrSwforQESi fht a&;, laepOfjzpfonf/
i bonf xdkumuG, fa&;XmeodkYoGm;a&mufumAdkvfBuD;t ac:cH&olt m; oci fjzdK;wkyf\ wdkYArm
0g' t aMumi f;udkca&aphwGi f;usowi f;ay;aeonf/ AdkvfBuD;qdkolrSmArmhvGwfvyfa&;wyfrawmfxJwGi f
armfvjrdKi frSp 0i fa&muft rIxrf;NyD;vQi f vlqdk;wdkYudk &uf&ufpufpuf ESdrfei f;cJholjzpfonf/
ykvdyfvkyfi ef;udk bmrSem;rvnfSmaomfvnf; olYt odP fwGi f SdorQESi fhyi f &yfGmat ;csrf;rIudk
zefwD;vdkaompdwfqEjyi f;jyonfhvli , fwpfOD;jzpfonf/ jrdKUudkpD; 0i fpOfu t &yfxJ vk, ufonfh
vlqdk;i g;OD;cefYudk oludk, fwdki f ]ab, Gefeuf (0g) bJheuf} ac: vSHpGyfESi fh xdk;owfcJhzl;onf/
ydkufqHcsrf;omolwpfpkwdkYu ydkufqH vlEIdufrSmpdk; xdkAdkvfBuD;qdkoludk t m;ay;csD;rGrf;um
pum;ajymMuonf/ AdkvfBuD;\ t zGJU0i fwdkYudk &yfGm xdrf;odrf;xm;rIt wGuf ai GukefaMu;usrsm;rnf
pdk;ojzi fh uG, f&mrlum; wD;wdk; uJh&JUMuonf/ *syefawGvmawmhrnf qdkojzi fh xdkAdkvfBuD;ESi fh
t aygi f;ygwdkYrSm"m;jyt BuD;pm;jzpfonf[ kqdkum*syefudkvSnfh wdkufay;&efvnf; [ efjyi faeMuonf/
AdkvfBuD;qdkolrSmxdkt aMumi f;wdkYudka&;a&;rQomodonf/ odorQt ay:wGi f t ajcjyK pOf;pm;jyefaomf
jzdK;wkyfuJhodkYaom wpfrwfat mufoci frsm; rdkufrJrIaMumi fh ArmhvGwfvyfa&;wyfrawmfrSm zdkz&J
jydKuGJt Hhonfudkjri frdonf/ xdkYaMumi fhjzdK;wkyfowi f; Mum;&aomt cgt HBudwfrdonf/
]]acG;rom; rlwl;awGa&mufESi fhaeawmhci fAsm;udp[ maemufusoGm;oAsm. . . EdkYrdkY&i fav . . .
usKyft ckcsufcsi f; ' Daumi fudkvdkufowfyg&JU. . . }}[ ka' goBuD;BuD;ESi fhpum;ajymumpm;yGJudkvuf
oD;ESi fhxkonf/
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' Di yefawGudkvJcHcs&OD;rSat ;rSmygyJ. . . }}
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acgi f;ndwfumt dkt aojyKNyD; xGufvmcJhonf/ ]]jzpfacsbl; . . . jrefjrefokwfrSyJ. . . }}[ kolawG; onf/
odkYaomfedyGefppfAdkvfBuD;\ w&m;yGJudkrwufvQi fBuD;av;aomt jypf[ karmi f;orm; [ pfoGm; onfu
Sdao;onf/
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rsdK; rjri fpzl;/ xdkvlxkrSmi gwdkYArmjynfSdvlukefyJvm;[ ki bu ar;Munfhvdkufcsi fonf/
armi fxi f ib


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vdkufonf/
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t wlwlyJ}}[ laoma0g[ m&rsm; bmqdkvdkonf rod? i bem;xJ t pkvdkuft jyHKvdkuf 0i fwdk;onf/ t pk
vdkuft jyHKvdkuf vQHxGufonf/ t i f; . . . t mSw, fqdk&i f t awmf emrSmyJaemf/ om;awGwlawGnDawG
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t xnfay:at mi f BudK;pm;SmaomwdkYArmESi fhwdkYu&i f rsdK;cspfyk* dKvfwdkYrSmwpfa, mufwpfvSnfhpDolYGm
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axmi fvQi f"m;wpfpi f;rQomay;rnfqdkonf/
pDrHcsufwdkYrSmpi fppf i yefwdkYu "m;jyrsm;udkrsufpypf ac:jci f;rQomjzpfonf/ NrdKUvnf;
aumi f;?e, fvnf;aumi f;?wdki f;jynfv nf;aumi f; acgi f;aqmi ft oD;oD;wdkYonfu&i f-Armjy emajz
Si f;&ef cspfMunfa&;w&m;udkwGi fwGi f [ pfat mfaeMuukef\ / odkYaomf olwdkY\ a<u;aMumfoHrSmem;vQH
xGufukefonf/ u&i fESi fhArmvlBuD;vlaumi f;wdkYrSmwpfOD;ESi fhwpfOD; , kefxi faMumi fxi fjzpfaeMuonf/ t dk
. . . jzpfaeMurSmaygh/ olwdkYwpfawGajymorQpum;awG[ mvQmzsm;uxGufvmwJhpum;awGyJ/ ESvHk;
onf;yGwfxJu vmwJhpum;rSr[ kwfyJ/
armi fxi f ib


i bonfv, f{u t pdwfwnf;[ laomolYavmurSae pMuFm0VmwpfckvHk;udkoHk;oyf Munfhzl;
ygonf/ ae?v?euwf?wm&mwdkYonf t b, frQBuD;onf[ kqdkapumrl rdazmht ysdKb0xJu rdbrsm;
xHrSt arG&xm;aomausmufjyi favmufawmhrBuD;yg/ t J . . . odkYaomfwpfckawmhSdyg&JU/ xdkae?v?
euwf? wm&mrsm;t ay:uaeNyD; i b\ {ut pdwfavmufudkpD;MunfhvdkufvQi f i b\ avmuBuD;onf
t aumi ft xnf[ l ay:vmEdki fawmhrnf r[ kwf/ odkY&mwGi f i bonfum; at mufqHk;rSae t ay:odkY
vSefMunfh&oljzpfav&molwumrjri fEdki faomt ao;t zGJYwdkYonf olYrsufpdwGi f t vGefw&mBuD;us, fae
onf/ xdkBuD;us, faomt ao;t zGJYwdkYudkjcHKNyD; i bawG;vdkufonfht cgolYt awG;rsm;onft csufydki fvS
onf/
u&i f-Arm[ laomt a&;ay:cgpu i bonf NrdKUaq;HkrSqi f;pOf i bonf aps;pum;
t &yfpum;wdkYudkaumi f;pGmMum;cJh& aumi f;pGmrSwfom;cJh&onf/ ]]u&i fawGudkt *Fvdyfu vufeuf
t yfcJhowJhawmh. . . }}[ ki g;pdrf;onfwpfOD;ajymoHudki b Mum;cJh&onf/ ]]ArmhvufxJu aoewfudk
odrf;wmawmh[ kwfygNyD. . . u&i fhvufxJu aoewfudkawmharmi fyefwdkYu rodrf;ao;yguvm;
ausmi f;' um&JU. . . }}[ kt ui f;ryg;aomt bdk;BuD;wpfOD;u t jcm;wpfOD;udkat mfus, f[ pfus, fajym
aeonfht wGuf t eD;SdNrdKUapmi fhwyfom;rsm;u vufukwfvdkufonfudkvnf; i bawGYcJh&onf/ i bonf
u&i fGmrsm;udkjzwfoGm;pOfu . . . ]]ArmqdkwmwdkYu&i fudkaS;ya0oP Du pNyD; ESdyfpufvmcJhwma0h . .
. ' Dawmhi gwdkYaoewf jyeft yfr, fht pm; t oufomt aocHr, f0Jh. . . }}[ kaoaeaom&efrD;udk
jyef arT;aompum;&yfwdkYudkvnf; i b Mum;cJh&onf/
odkYvQi faS;dk;u&i fESi fhaS;a[ mi f;ArmwdkYonfcspfMunfa&;[ laomacwfopfpum;udkwGi fwGi f
oHk;umvlrsdK;a&; t em*gwfwdkYjzi fhacwfaemufjyefqGJ aeMuaomaMumi fhaphpyfa&;rSmt jri fvSaomfvnf;
t oGi fu wt HkaEG;aEG; Sdacs\ /
odkY&mwGi f acwfrDaomu&i f"m;jyrsm;ESi fhArm"m;jyrsm;rSmcspfMunfa&; w&m;oabmjzi fhaoG;
pnf;umacsmi f;BudKajrmi f;Mum;wpfavQmufyl;aygi f; x<uwdkufcdkufMuavonf/ Mumvwfaomf, i f;uJhodkY
"m;jyt csi f;csi f; cspfMunfa&;pepfaMumi fhu&i f-Armjy emvnf; t vdkvdkajySi f;&awmhonf/
i bum; &yfa0;rSu&i f-Armt xi fvGJrSm;apwwfaomowi f;rsm; cP cP Mum;yg\ / odkYaomf
olrsm;&yfGmb, fvdkaeae?i gh&yfGmrSmi gwdkY&efrjzpf&i fNyD;wmyJ/ EdkY. . . udk, fuvnf; ' DudprSmbmrQ
aqmi fGufwwfwmr[ kwfyJ/ olrsm;uaumi gwdkYvdkajcmufjym;rwefwJhv, form;udk*kpdkufaeOD;rSmwJh
vm;/ rdazmheJYi ghom;orD;awGrm&i fNyD;wmyJ/
odkYaomi b\ t odP fonf i bt wGuf wefzdk;Sdonf/ onft odP faMumi fhi b v, f
qi f;vkyfjzpfonfr[ kwfygavm/
odkYaomf v, ft cGufESpfq, fxGefNyD; v, fi g;cGufrQaumufyi fusNyD;rSrsufESmudk t dk;rJokwf
0i fpD;aom"m;jyrsm;aMumi fhrdk;wGi f;pmi g;yd?i g;ajcmufrsm; wufwufpi fajymi favawmhonf/
xdkUaMumi fhqdwfBuD;ukef;wuf OD;oma*gi ft m; wdki fMum;onf/
OD;oma*gi fu t &yfqlvGef;ojzi fhacwfopfwdkYArmt pdk;&u zGi fhxm;aomui f;*wfudknTefonf/
armi fxi f ib


ui f;*wf &JwyfMuyfwpfa, muf?&Jom; av;a, muf?aoewfESpfvuf(wpfvufrSmarmi f;usdK;
aeonf/) , rf;awmi fhESpfq, f (q, fhi g;awmi fhavmufu , rf;jyefoGwfxm;aom , rf;awmi fh
a[ mi f;rsm;wnf;) Sdonf/
&JMuyfudkwdki fMum;&m&JMuyfu puLrSdqdk i bu uwfuwfowfowfaps;qpfumt ojymai G
wpfrwf ylaZmfcJh&onf/ i bu t rIudkykvdyfwdki fvQi f w&m;cHcsufcsi f;SmawGYrnf[ kxi frSwfonf/ &J
Muyfu . . . ]]w&m;cHudkrrSwfrdwJhaemuf t rI[ mpHkaxmufrIjzpfrSmyJ . . . }}[ kqdkojzi fh&JMuyf bm
ajymonf? b, ft "dym, faygufonfudkaocsm*P rodaomfvnf; ay:awmhrSmr[ kwfygbl;[ kusdef;ao
wGufrdaomaMumi fhpdwfysufumuGi f;xJodkYjyefavonf/
uGi f;odkYjyefa&mufaomt cgrdazmhu . . . ]]SdorQav;awmhukefNyDawmfa&U. . . }}[ k[ pf
at mfa<u;aMumfumqD;BudKEIwfqufonf/ omt dESi fhjrwfarT;wdkYuvnf; . . . ]]udki ba&U. . . ' DwpfcgrS
acsmwmyJ. . . jci faxmi fawGyg, loGm;awmhnnrSmrt dyf&ygbl;Asm. . . udkufvdkufwJhjci fuvJvGefa&m.
. . }}[ kqD; ajymMuonf/
yef;uef cGufa, muf? t 0wft pm;? jci faxmi f acgi f;t Hk;? SdpkrJhpkuav;rSmwufwufajymi fav
onf/ xri f;csufpm;p&mt dk;rSd a&ausmf0 bBuD;pwdkYvlodkufxHrSmt dk;i Sm;&onf/ yef;uefrSdaom
aMumi fhydef;&GufESi fhck oHk;vdkuf&ao;onf/ jzpfyHkES, fajymyJrajymcsi fygbl;/
]]usKyfawmhjzdK;wkyfwynfhxJuyJvdkYpGyfpGJcsi fwmyJ udki b&. . . olwdkYt xJu t oHu aomuf
u&mzlac:wJh&cdki fu&i ft oHeJYwlw, f. . . }}[ kjrwfarT;u xi fjri fcsufay;onf/
i bu rcHcsi fonfhpdwf"mwfrsm;aMumi fhaemufwpfaeYqdwfBuD;ukef; wufNyD;vQi f ui f;*wfu
*wfpma&;xHwdki fcsufzGi fhjyefonf/ ]]onft rIawmhay:at mi fppfvdkY&Edki fygw, f. . . }}[ kqdkaomaMumi fh
onfwpfcg t rIvmppf&eft wGuf ai Gi g;usyf ylaZmfvdkuf&onf/ &Jom;wdkYvmvQi f t qi foi fh
Muufom;[ i f; csufxm;ygrnf/ vmrnfh&ufudkBudKwi fodyg&ap [ l vnf; rSmxm;cJh&ao;onf/
odkYaomfi b &Gma&mufNyD;aemufwpfaeYaomfvnf; rvm?ESpfaeYaomfvnf; rvm?OD;oma*gi fhxHrS
pyg;ay;ESi fh, lvmcJhaomyef;uefcGufa, muf t 0wft pm;wdkYudkomaemufwpfokwf "m;jyt wdkuf rcH&
at mi fwpfuGi f;vHk;Sda, mufsm;rsm; aeYvSnfhnvSnfhjzi fhomui f;apmi fh&Smonf/
wpfaeYaomf ESpfvHk;jyL;aoewfxrf; vkyf, rf;awmi fhrsm;udk Srf;vG, ft dwfjzi fhvG, fumjrdKUrS
a&vrf; ywa&mi fvSnfhvmaom&Jom;ESpfOD;onfjzdK;wkyfESi fhol\ aemufvdkufrsm;ygjcH&HvQufuGi f;xJodkY
a&mufvmMuonf/
olwdkYvlpk\ avSuav;u aemufaz;a&pi fudkuyfonfESi fhwpfNydKi feufi bu i ght rI onfwpfcg
pkHprf;jci f; cH&awmhrnf[ k0rf;ajrmuf0rf;omusdwf awG;NyD; t m;udk;vdkaomrsufESmxm;jzi fh. . . ]]t pfudk
wdkYu ckrSvmMuwmudk; . . . apmapmu qi fhvdkuf&i f Muufom;[ i f; csufxm;yg&JU. . . }}[ kEIwf
qufonf/
]]' Drat , dk;u yvDpdacsmufcsufw, fEdki fyguvm;a[ h. . . }}[ kwpfa, mufaom&Jom;u t rI
xrf;t &mxrf;wdkY\ , Ofaus;aomy#doEm&jzi fhEIwfcGef;wHkYjyefvdkuf\ /
armi fxi f ib


]]acG;rom; . . . rajy;eJY. . . }}[ kat mfumt jcm; &Jom;wpfa, mufu i b&i f0udkESpfvHk;jyL; ESi fh
csdef\ /
omt dESi fhjrwfarT;wdkYu cyfvSrf;vSrf; wJrSapmi f;yg;&dyfjcnfMunfhaeMuonf/ ESpfvHk;jyL;ESi fhi b
&i f0udkcsdefonfESi fhwpfjydKi feuft oHrMum;at mi fawmpyfodkYoGm; ykef;avonf/ i bwdkYt drfom;wpfpk
omvQi fusef&pfonf/
&Jom;ESi fhjzdK;wkyfwdkYvlpkvnf; t drfay: wuf i bt m; 0dki f;avonf/ i bwdkYt drfom;pkvnf;
i dka<u;Muukef\ /
]]Smr, f. . . Smr, f. . . }}[ k&Jom;wpfa, mufu ajym\ /
]]a[ h. . . jzdK;wkyf. . . ri f;u oufaoyJuG. . . vmvuGm}}[ kt jcm; wpfa, mufaom&Jom;u
jzdK;wkyfudkac: aSUodkYoGi f;\ /
]]SmvQi fawGYwmayghvuGm. . . }}[ kjzdK;wkyfuajymNyD; rD;zdkaacsmi fxJSdOD;oma*gi fxHrS, lvmaom
yef;uefcGufa, mufwdkYudk vufndK;xdk;jy\ / &Jom;rsm;u oufaocHypnf;[ l rSwfwrf; wi f\ /
i bwdkYt dyfcef;rSSdorQypnf;wdkYudkvnf; , li i fMujyef\ /
rdeD oeyfcg;bD;uav;wpfacsmi f; Sdonf/ rESpfurS olYt az a&ausmf0u wkwfqdki frS
t a<u;, lay;aombD;jzpfonf/ xdkbD;rSmqD&nf0aeNyDjzpf eDusi fhusi fhESi fhacsmajymi faeonf/ jrdKUBuD;om;
wdkYu olYbD;rSmqDacs;apmfeHvSonf[ kqdkMurnf/ rdeDt zdkYrl ESmacgi f;, OfaeaomaMumi fharT;onf[ kqdk
onf/ yef;aygi f;pdrfaomt Hk;qDppfppfESi fhcP cP awGY&aomaMumi fhyef;aygi f;eHYuav; wysHUysHUESi fhrdkYqi f
pG, fbD;?vdyfcGefbD;q, facsmi f;ESi fhawmi frvJEdki faygi f/
odkYaomf jzdK;wkyf\ jri forQvdkcsi faomavmbonf rdeD\ bD;uav;udkrQrcsef&pfvdk/ 0g;bdk;
xufjcrf;uGJacgi f;t Hk;em;rSxdkbD;udkawGY jzdK;wkyfaumuf, lonf/ rdeDu . . . ]]' guRefrbD;yg. . . }}[ k
ajymajymqdkqdkESi fhjyefvkxm;onf/
rdeDonf oeyfcg;bJMum;vdrf; qHyi fudkyef;pnf;BudK;ESi fhpnf;umxbDudk&i fvsm; 0wfxm;
onf/
olYbD;uav;udkoljyef&aomt cgvufudkaemufjyef0J olYacgi f;ay:SdqHpxJodkYbD;uav;udk
jrKyfoGi f;vdkufonf/
t ysdKazmf0i fp t ui f;rrSnfhwwfao;aomrdeD\ jzdK;armufjynfhwi f;aom&i fuav;rSmjzdK;wkyf\
npfywfaompdwfudkqGay;ouJhodkYSdonf/ jzdK;wkyfrSmt usi fh, kwfolwdkYbm0 onf[ mrsdK; vufaES;ol
r[ kwf&um; aT&i fawmfudkTHUayaomvufjzi fho&rf;vdkufonf/
rdeDrSmt om; qwfqwfwkefoGm;onf/ zat rat ESpfyg;pHkaSUjzpfae pdwfSdovdkrvkyfvdkuf&/
odkYaomfawmolwdkY"avhbm0 ol\ EIwfcrf;xluav;udkplNyD; Muufzi fuJhodkYIHUcsnfyGcsnfvkyfumt m;yg;
w&usdwfqJvdkufonf/ olYbmombm0t avsmuf odkYqJvdkuf&onfrSmcHkzdeyfESi fhq, fcsufavmuf
qi fhNyD; dkufvdkuf&onfESi fhrjcm; t qDt om; SdvSyg\ /
armi fxi f ib


odkYaomf i b &dyfrdoGm;aomaMumi fhrdeDSufvSonf/ i bum; rTefxGef oGm;aomaMumi fhrD;zdk
acsmi frS"m;rBuD;udk, l jzdK;wkyft yg;odkYuyfum. . . ]]a[ h. . . oci fjzdK;wkyf. . . ri fhyg;pyfu wdkYArm?
wdkYArmeJYvkyfyHkudki fyHku acG;usi fhacG;MuH. . . w, fav . . . }}[ kt HBudwfajym&i f; awmufacguf
vdkufonf/
&Jom;ESpfOD;u jzdK;wkyfESi fhi bt Mum;odkYESpfvHk;jyL;csdefum0i f&yf\ / jzdK;wkyf\ t azmfESpfOD;uvnf;
i bt m; aemufrSae 0i fzrf;\ / "m;rBuD;udkvk, lMu\ /
pi fppf i bu "m;rBuD;udkudki f &yfrdHkrQom&Sdao;onf/ a' got ai GYt vQHrsm; ol\ rsufpdudk
vm [ yfaomaMumi fhaSU bmrQrjri f/ jzdK;wkyfudkomvQi f xdkt cdk;t vQHwdkYjzi fhpdef;pdef;Munfhrdonf/ i b
omvQi fe*g;jzpfbdrljzdK;wkyfjymusavmufayonf/
i bu odkYjzdK;wkyft m; rsufpdjzi fht pdrf;vdkuf0g;pm;aeonfht awmt wGi f; &Jom;wdkYu i budk
vufjyefBudK;wkyfav\ /
rdazmh?rdeDESi fhuav;rsm; pDueJjrnfat mi fi dka<u;Mujyefonf/
]]a[ h. . . i b . . . jzdK;wkyfwJhuG. . . t aMumi f; odaphr, f. . . "m;jyvJwdkufvdkufao; . . .
t pdk;&t rIxrf;awGudkvJckcHvdkufao; . . . }}
jzdK;wkyft Edki fusi fhvdkufNyD/ i bu bmrQjyefrajymwwf/ bmrQjyefrvkyfwwf/ rdazmhudkMunfhNyD;
rsuf&nfawGusvmonf/
v, form;rsuf&nfajrodkYruspaumi f;/ odkYaomf, ckus&ayNyD/ i gwdkYArmEdki fi Hw0ef;vHk;onf
v, form;t ay: vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm; t ajcwnfonf/ ArmhpD;yGm;a&;onf i gwdkYv, form;\
pD;yGm;a&;jzpf\ / Armhcsrf;oma&;onfv, form;\ csrf;oma&;wnf;/ Armhwdk;wufa&;onfv, form;\
wdk;wufa&;wnf;/
odkYaomfjzdK;wkyft zdkYi bvdkvlpm;rsm;onft Edki fusi fh&ef?ESyfcs&efoufoufbk&m;oci fzefqi f;
cJhjci f;jzpfonf/ i bypnf;udkt acsmi ft vum;&vQi fawmfNyD?t Edki fusi fhvdkuf&vQi f[ efNyD/ aus;Gmacgi f;
aqmi frsm;?qi f;&Jom;rsm;t ay: rSD pm;aygufxGi fvdkuf&vQi fjzdK;wkyfom;r, m; 0zdkYjzpfonf/ udk, fhr, m;
udk, fSmauR;onfhae&mrSmt rsdK;om;a&;Munfhae&vQi fi wfao&awmhry/ wefcdk;jycsi f ri f;uyfpdk; ajrmi f
vkyfwmy/ MoZmBuD;csi f oci femrnfwyfwmy/ rodem;rvnfrIt ay: t Edki fusi fhwwfrS ydkufqH
wGi f;eufwJh acwfBuD;rSm00pm;&rSmy/
avmu"rwmt awmfqHk;vlomvQi f t zwfwi f&rnf/ vdrf? aumuf? npfpkwf? vlrdkufvkyfzdkY
aumi f;aomavmuxJwGi fvdrfenf;?aumufenf;?npfpkwfenf;?vlrdkufvkyfenf;wdkY t awmfqHk; olom
vQi ft zwfwi fusef&pfcJh&rnf/
jzdK;wkyfu awmom;ayr, fh]]' g0i fh}}t , lt qrsdK;avmufawmh? [ m; . . . [ m; . . . aumi f;
aumi f;BuD; oabmaygufwmaygh/
xdkaeYwGi fi bonfjzdK;wkyfESi fht aygi f;ygwpfzGJYom;wdkY\ aemufodkYaumufaumufygat mi fvdkuf
oGm;&Smonf/ om;orD;ESi fhr, m;wdkYt m; omt dESi fhNrdKUodkYvdkufcJh&ef wpfcGef;rQomrSmEdki fSmonf/
armi fxi f ib


rdazmhvnf; pma&;BuD;t cef;udkjzwf i baSUodkY0i fvmonf/ i b rsufvHk;jymoGm;onf/ ]&, f&
aumi f;rvm;?i dk&aumi f;rvm;}[ laomjy emudkolajzSi f; r&aomaMumi fholYrsufESmrSmvrf;ckvyfwGi f
rwi frusjzpfaeonf/
]]' DrSm. . . }}
]]a[ . . . }}
]]t mrcHzdkYOD;oma*gi fBuD; vdkufvmw, fawmh. . . }}
]]at ; . . . }}
]]pma&;BuD;u t mrcHaemufwpfa, mufxyfSmzdkUajymaew, f. . . t oduvJrSdbl;awmh. . . }}
]]at ;[ . . . }}
]]' DrSm. . . ' gayr, fhrylygeJY. . . t rIoGm;udkpHkprf;Munfhawmhoci fjzdK;wkyf rw&m;qi f
w, fqdkwmykvdyfu &dyfrdwJht aMumi f;udkpma&;BuD;uajymjyvdkYod&ygNyD. . . pma&;BuD;u usKyfwdkYqi f;
qi f;&J&JeJY' kujzpfwmoem;vdkYolt mrcHSmay;r, fwJhawmh. . . ukodkvfxl;vdkufwm. . . }}
]]t i f; . . . }}
]]reufNzefudpacsmacsmarmarmjzpfrSmyJwJhawmh. . . }}
]][ i f. . . }}
]]Si fvGwf&i fv, fuGi f;rSmraeawmhbl; . . . t ckuRefrwdkYudkOD;oma*gi fu O, smOfxJrSmae&m
csxm;w, f. . . v, fawGypfxm;&wHk;rSmO, smOfuav;udkyJapmi fhNyD;pm;MuwhJawmh. . . }}
]]at ;v[ . . . }}
]]rdeDjzi fhvdkufcsi fvGef;vdkYawmh. . . vlapmi fhrSdvdkYxm;cJh&w, f. . . uav;awGudkOD;oma*gi fh
c, frwpf0rf;uGJawmfwJha' :yef;ZHkBuD;eJYxm;cJhw, f. . . a, mufsm;oemrSdvdkYolYom; csufBuD; nn vm
t dyfay;rwJh. . . }}
]]at mf. . . t i f; . . . pdwfcs&&JUvm;[ . . . }}
]]awmfu csufBuD;udkrrSwfrdbl;vm; . . . dk;ygw, fawmh. . . OD;oma*gi fBuD; ajymaewJhOpm. . .
arhoGm;yvm; awmfu . . . ' DrSm. . . olwdkYuav;csi f; oabmudkvJrod&ao; . . . rdeDu vJi , fao; . .
. t J' gaMumi fhuRefr pum;rjyefbl; . . . awmfhMunfh&wm0vmovdkyJ. . . EIwfcrf;uawmhjzLvdkY. . . }}
olYt aMumi f;? O, smOft aMumi f;? orD;t aMumi f; rdazmhuajymonfudk i b Mum;&onfrSm
em;0i fcsdKvS\ / rdazmht aMumi f;rSi bt aMumi f;odkUa&mufvmaomt cg? i b ajym&rSmSufonf/ 0rf;
enf;onf/ rsuf&nfOrsm; yg;jyi fay:odkYckefqi f;Muonf/ rdazmhu vi fawmfarmi f i dkrJhrJhjzpfaeonfudk
rMunfh&ufEdki faomaMumi fht jyi fxGufoGm;onf/
armi fxi f ib


w&m;olBuD; Hk;wufaomt cg &refq, fhi g;&uf xyfay;onf/ OD;oma*gi f t mrcHay;onfudk
rvHkavmuf aemufwpfa, muf xyfawmi f;onf/ t mrcHt wGuf eufjzef csdef;vdkufonf/ rdazmhu t rI
NyD;aomf. . . ]]' DrSm. . . eufjzefawmfvGwfawmhrSmyJawmh. . . bmrSt m;ri , feJY. . . }}[ kajymum
t m;ay;Smonf/
xdknaewGi f i bonf Hk;rSt csKyfaxmi fodkYjyefa&mufonf/ t csKyfaxmi f oem;Mui femrui f;Sd
rdol &Jom;wpfOD;\ vHkYvaMumi fhrdazmht crJhvm pum;ajymcGi fh&onf/ onfwpfcgi bucsnf; ' dki fcH
ajymonf/ t usOf;axmi fA[ kokw t awmfpHkoGm;onf/
]]' gxuf' DrSm. . . awmf*syefjri fzl;yvm; . . . }}
]]aq;HkwufwHk;u jri fzl;wmri f;udkcP cP ajymzl;om;yJ. . . }}
]]t rav; . . . awmfjri fzl;wmu ppfAdkvfBuD;ygawmh. . . ppfom;udkawmfrjri fzl;ao;ygbl; . . .}}
]]at ;av . . . bmrsm; jcm;em;OD;rSmvdkufvdYk. . .}}
]]awmfu bmrSrodbl; . . . *syefppfom;qdkwmudk, fwHk;vHk;eJYawmh. . . vefuGwfwDuav; eJY. . }}
]]BuHBuD;pnf&muGm. . . ri f;u vdkufacsmi f;aewmyJ. . . rawmfwm. . . }}
]]usKyfuvm;awmfacsmi f;Munfh&rSm. . . xGD. . . at mhESvHk;emrdyg&JU. . . usKyfjri fwmu t ck
Hk;t vmrSm*syefawGvrf;qHkvrf;r vrf;av;cGem;ua&wGi f;rSmudk, fwHk;vHk;eJY. . . usKyfjzi fhSufyg&JUawmf
. . . olwdkYwdki f;jynfrSmonfvdkyJxi fyg&JU. . . }}
t &i fwpfacgufu i b *syeft aMumi f; Mum;zl;onf/ t vGef, Ofaus;aomvlrsdK;jzpfonf/ Arm
rsm;uJhodkYAk' bmomudkouf0i f, HkMunfonf/ bk&m;aSUausmi f;aSUa&mufvQi f olwdkYxHk;pHt &acgi f;i HkY
t &dkt aojyKwwfMuonf/ wkwfudkawGYvQi f vufvdrfcsdK;onfqdkonfrSmoufouf rw&m; ajymjci f;rQ
omjzpfonf/ ppfom;qdkayodt vGefMui femwwfaomvlrsdK;jzpfonf/ P fynmt &mrSmvnf; t aemuf
Edki fi Hom;wdkYu t IH;ay;&onf/ , ckrdazmht ajymt &udk, fwHk;vHk;vdkYqdkyguvm;/ t rav; . . . rMunfh
0Hhygbl;/
]]ri f;ES, fuGm. . . ri f;rdkYBuHBuHzefzefjri fwwfyav . . . }}
]]usKyfu usKyfvrf;usKyf oGm;aewmawmh. . . bkef;BuD;ausmi f;qGrf;ydkYwJhrdef;rawGawmi f jri f&
ao;w, f. . . rsufESmawmi frxm;wwfMubl; . . . t dki f;t pdki f;awGoufoufygawmf. . . usKyfjzi fh
olwdkYjri f&wmusufoa&rSd?r*FvmrSdrdkY. . . xGD. . . ESvHk;emvdkufwm. . . }}
]][ Jh. . . [ Jh. . . Mum;oGm;r, f. . . }}
i b\ ausmdk;wpfavQmufui f;avQmuf oGm;avovm; rajymwwf?i b wGefYoGm;onf/
]]uJ . . . uJ . . . pum;ajymvdkYawmhaumi f;yg&JU. . . jyefcsdefawmfNyD. . . }}[ k&Jom;u
owday;onf/
armi fxi f ib


]]bmrSryleJYaemf. . . eufjzefvGwfrSmyJ . . . }}[ krdazmhu i budkt m;ay;NyD;vQi fZeD;armi fESH
ESpfa, mufcGJcGmMuavowwf/
xdknu i b t xl;t dyf aumi f;onf/ rwi fruswpfqdkYqdkYESi fhae&aompdwfrSmaomurSui f;
a0;ae&NyDjzpf t em;, lvdkufonf/ aysmfaysmfBuD;t dyf& t dyfrufuvnf; aysmfaysmfBuD;ruf&onf/ pdwfrSm
vnf; t dyfrufxJwGi faysmfaysmfBuD;ysHUvGi fh&onf/
t csKyfcef;xJrdazmha&mufvmonf/ olYaemufu udk, fwHk;vHk;*syefppfom; ygvmonf/ rdazmhu . .
. ]]usKyfajymwmt J' D*syefayghawmh. . . }}[ kqdkonf/ i bu t r*Fvmaumi fBuD;udkbmvdkYac:
vm&ovJ[ kar;onf/ rdazmhu vlpm;xdk;zdkY[ kqdkonf/ xdkYaMumi fhxdk*syefudkt csKyfcef; xm;cJhNyD; vi f
r, m;ESpfa, muf NrdKUbufqDodkYoGm;Muonf/ xdkn vomaomaMumi fhvi fr, m;ESpfa, muf vufwGJ
avQmuf&onfrSmaysmfp&maumi f;vSonf/ i bESi fhrdazmhwdkYESpfa, mufpvHk; q, fESpfcefYjyefi , foGm;Muonf/
i bu rdazmhudkvlysdKpum;ajymonf/ rdazmhu AdkufwGi f;aMumudkvdrfqGJonf/ i bu rdazmhudkrcH
csi fat mi fusDpm;&i f; ajymvdkufonf/ rdazmht ysdKb0wkef;u t vGefpdwfqwfonf/ olYudkpvQi frcH/ rcH
csi fvQi fvdrfqGJ?ukwfzJh?zufudkufwwfonf/ , ckvnf; i b i , frljyefNyD/ i budkvdkufudkuf i b t dyf
rufxJrSmajy;&onf/ awmfawmf t armom;? ajy;avajy;av rvGwfjzpfonf/ aemufqHk; rdoGm;onf/
rdazmhu i bausmjyi fBuD;udkt Hk;ceJ aeat mi f xkvdkufonf/ t awmf at mi fhoGm;\ / odkYayr, fhpdwfrqdk;
Edki f/ rdazmhudkzrf; zufNyD; yg;jyi fuav;ay: ESmacgi f;udkvSdrfhvdkufonf/ rdazmhu ESmacgi f;udkzuf
udkufonf/ ESmacgi f; ppfceJemoGm;ojzi fhvufESi fh&rf;vdkuf&m*syefppfykvdyfajcaxmufwGi f pD;xm;aom
jri f;pD;zdeyfudkykwfrd&ufom;Sdonf/
i bu t dyfrIHpHkrTm;ESi fhrsufvHk;wpfcsufzGi fhMunfhonf/ *syefwpfOD;udkjri fonf/ olYvuf0JbufrSm
wkwfvdkvdk*syefvdkvdkpum;jyefwpfa, muf &yfaeonf/ &Jom; av;OD;? wpfOD;u rSeft drfajrmufjy&i f;
aemufem;u &yfaeonf/ *syefajcaxmufrSmrdrdrsufESmaSUwGi f oD aeonf/ zdeyfOD;rSmrdrdESmacgi f;ESi fh
wpfxGmrSdwSdrQoma0;onf/ i bpdwfxJrSmt dyfrufaemufqufwGJu t &i frufwmavmuf raumi f;bl;
[ kat mufarhrdonf/
*syefu zdeyfOD;ESi fhwpfcsufuefjyefonf/ i b\ oGm;rsm;?EIwfcrf;rsm;udkxdonf/ i bonfpdwf
xJwGi f [ kef;ueJ a' gojzpfoGm;NyD; t vl;t vJxonf/ t dyfrufxJrSmqdkvQi f i bu *syefudkqGJxdk;rdrSm
{uefjzpfonf/ , ckawmhrsufpdaocsmpGmyGwfMunfh&mwGi frdrdaSU *syefwu, fa&mufaeonfudkawGY&
aomt cgolYt BuHudkvufavQmhvdkuf&onf/
*syefyg;pyfu t jrKyfxGufNyD; wHawG;pi fonf/ ol bmawGudkXmefudkP f;ususGwfaeonfrod/
t dyfcsi frl;wl;ESi fhem;pdkufaepOf i b\ yg;jyi fay:odkYvuf0g;wpfckt Sdefjyi f;pGmESi fhjzef;ueJjrnfum
usvmonf/ *syefvnf; olYvuf0g;udkoljyefkyfvdkufonfudki b jri f& olYudkdkufwm*syefyJudk;[ k
rSwfxm;onf/
i byg;pyfu aoG;rsm; , dkpD;vmonf/ aoG;wdkYudkyg;pyfjzi fhjyefpkyf rsdKcsonf/ rsufpdudkNzJ
Munfhrdonf/ aemufu rSeft drfajrmufjyaom&Jom;u acgi f;ndwft dkt aojyK&efrsuf&dyfjyawmhrSaumi f;
pGmowd&vmojzi fhacgi f;ndwfumt dkt aojyKvdkufonf/ *syefppfykvdyfudkvnf; t aot csmMunfh
vdkufonf/
armi fxi f ib


rD;a&mi fwGi folYrsufESmrSmeDMurf;Murf;Sdonf/ uapmft csOfaygufaeaomt eHYuvnf; olYwpfudk, f
vHk;rSxGufaeonf/ rsufvHk;wdkYrSma>rayG;?a>ra[ mufrsufvHk;rsm;uJhodkYt aygufusOf;usOf;?Snfvsm;vsm;
jzpf &ufpufMurf;MuKwfaomoabmudkt xi ft Sm;jyaeonf/ rsufvHk;wdkYrSmt vum;ae&i ;f a' go
t Sdef t cdk;xGufaeaomrsufvHk;rsdK; jzpfonf/ a' go t Sdeft cdk;wdkYrSmvnf; uRJaumf0dki f;rsufrSef rSef0dki f;
ESpfckwdkYudkazgufxGi f;ume*g;ai GYvTwfaebdodkYSdonf/ yg;dk;ai gaomaMumi fhyg;ydefonfrSmydk yi fodom
Edki fonf/ ar;aphrSmvlwef;aphaomar;aphr[ kwf/ ao;vGef;onf[ ki bxi fonf/ NyJaeaomyg;pyfwGi f
t ay:EIwfcrf; xlvGef; t ay:bufodkYvefNyD;axmfaeonf/ odkYaomfaxmfaeaomEIwfcrf;u oGm;acgrsm;
udkrEdki fhwEdki frvHkYwvHkzHk;ay; Smonf/ EIwfcrf;arT;rSmdk;jywfrsm; usdK;wdk;usJwJ aygufaeouJhodkYwGJ
usaomat mufEIwfcrf;rSmar;aphuav;udkumuG, f xm;avonf/
t dyfrufxJrSmrdazmhac:vmaom*syefESi fhw, fwlwmyJ/ vl, kwfvuP mESi fhjynfhpHk r*FvmrSd
[ l i bawG;vdkufonf/
]]"m;jyrIeJYrouFmvdkY. . . }}[ k&Jom;u ajz\ /
xdkYaemuf*syefpum;jyefrSwqi fh&Jom;ESi fh*syefppfykvdyfwdkYt ar;t ajzjyKMuonf/
]]' Dt aumi fygeJYqdk&i f"m;jyrIw&m;cHb, fESpfa, mufvJ. . . }}
]]rmpwm. . . "m;jyrIeJYoHk;q, fhi g;a, mufyg. . . ' Dt aumi fu rouFmrIygyJ . . . olYt ay:
ppfMunfhawmhoufaorSdvdkYvTwfzdkYyJvdkygw, frmpwm. . . }}
]]ri f;wdkYppfwmi grvdkcsi fbl; . . . i gppfMunfhcsi fw, f . . . t m;vHk; oHk;q, fhajcmufa, muf
r[ kwfvm; . . . }}
]]at ;av . . . rmpwmu ' Daumi fhudkygxnfh&i foHk;q, fhajcmufa, mufaygh. . . }}
]]aumi f;NyD. . . oHk;q, fhajcmufa, mufudkusKyfppfHk; ydkUyg. . . }}
]]aumi f;ygNyDrmpwm. . . }}
oci f&Jom;wpfOD;u Armt pdk;&u csKyfxm;aomw&m;cHudkvdkcsi fygvQi ft xufvlBuD;rsm;rSwqi fh
awmi f;qdkyg[ k apm' uwufonf/ acwfa[ mi f;ykvdyfom;wdkYu oci f&Jom;udk t jri fuwfaomrsuf
ESmxm;jzi fhMunfhNyD; ]]' Dt aumi fvQmSnfwmyg;dkufcHcsi fvdkYyJ}}[ laomt "dym, faygufonfht ai ghrsdK;ESi fh
ar;ai ghonf/
*syefppfykvdyfyg;pyfrSt jrKyfwpDpDxGufvmonfrSmawmfovi f;v acG;l;xcsdef xGufwwfaom
acG;l;yg;pyfu t jrKyfESi fhcyfqi fqi fwlonf/ t jrKyfwdkY\ t Mum;rS]]cl;&um;}}[ laomavoHudkvnf;
*syefu rIwfxkwfonf/
pum;jyef\ bmomjyefcsuft &rSm*syefbk&i fhvufat mufu ppfykvdyf? ppfykvdyfvufat mufu
ppfom;jzpfonf/ xdkYaMumi fholajympum;rSmbk&i fhudk, fpm;jzpf em, l&rnf/ vli , fjzpf aAGr, lvdk?
aemi fudkqi fajcay;vQi f . . . pum;jyefu pum;qufrajymyJ ol\ vnfudkvufndK;jzi fh"m;vSD;[ ef jy
onf/
armi fxi f ib


oci f&Jom;u t HBudwfvdkufonf/
*syefppfykvdyfu t em;wdk;vmNyD; oci f&Jom;yg;udk]]ajzmi f}}vdkufonf/ oci f&Jom;u ausmuf
wdki fuJhodkYrwkefrvIyf&yf OD;acgi f;wpfcsuf cyfqwfqwfuav; nTwfvdkufNyD;rSyg;wpfzufudkaSUodkY
xdk;ay;onf/
]]ri f;wdkUt usOf;om; oHk;q, fhajcmufa, mufudkt ckcsufcsi f; ppf&Hk;ydkY&r, f}}
oci f&Jom;u . . . ]], ckoef;aumi fausmfwpfcsufwD;aeNyD. . . }}[ kqdkonf/
acwfa[ mi f;&Jom;u . . . ]]a[ h. . . a[ h. . . ri f;aMumi fhwdkYygyg;t dkufcHae&OD;r, f. . .
Sdcdk;yg&JUuG, f . . . ri f;rydkYcsi faeyg . . . wdkYydkYyghr, f . . . jyefrajymygeJY. . . }}[ kqdk\ /
pum;jyefu bmomjyefrnft vkyf acwfa[ mi f;&Jom;u t csufay; EIwfydwfvdkufonf/ xdkYaMumi fh
nwGi f;csi f;yi fvQi foHk;q, fhajcmufa, mufaom"m;jyrIESi fhpGyfpGJcH&olwdkYonf*syefppfHk;odkYa&muf&avawmh
onf/
ppfHk;udkt usOf;orm;rsm; oGm;&cgeD; oci f&Jom;t m; rdazmhESi fhawGYvQi ft usdK;t aMumi f;ajymjyzdkY
i bu wdwfwdwfusdwfrSmonf/ oci f&Jom;u pdwfcs[ kqdkonf/
acwfa[ mi f;&Jom;wdkYu *syefudk]]AdkvfBuD; rmpwm}}[ kwGi fwGi fac:umt jyi fodkYt jrefa&muf
at mi fjrL ac:oGm;Muonf/
]]wdkYArmt csi f;csi f; apmi fhaSmufcsi f&i f *syefyg;cscH&J&r, fuG. . . acG;om;awGdkufESi fhMuOD;aygh
uG, f. . . wpfaeYusod&rSmaygh. . . oci frsdK;nGefYwJha[ h. . . rSwfxm;vdkufMuuG. . . }}[ koci f
&Jom;u t HBudwfumBudrf;0g;vdkufonfudkAdkvfBuD;rmpwmMum;[ efrwl/ ESpfaygi f; ESpfaxmi fhajcmuf&m
ausmfrQri f;qufrjywf? t pOft vmrysuffaom&mZ0i fESi hf , Ofaus;rIwdkYt ay: t ajcwnf xGef;ay:
vmaomt aSUuae0ef;BuD;udkt olvQi fpdef;pdef;Munfh0Hht Hhenf;/

t cef; (7)
t 0DpdrSonfr[ mt 0DpdodkY

i brSmarsmarhaeonfESi fhrdrdt m[ m&jywfaeonfrSmb, fESpf&uf&NyDudkyi frrSwfrdawmhNyD/ yxr
xri f;p ray;onfhaeYudkrSwfxm;onf/ wpf&uf?ESpf&uf?oHk;&ufa&wGuf &ao;onf/ av;&uf
ajrmufaeY a&udkrQyi frrSD0J&NyD/ wpfcgwpfcgt m;jywf epfajrmoGm;av&mrdrdrSwfvmaom&ufwdkYrSm
t qHk;t prxi faomoHo&mxJwGi faysmufuG, f oGm;avownf;/
em;xJrSavawGxGufaeonf/ rsufvHk;rsm;vnf; a0vmNyD/ &i fwkefonfrSmvnf; w' kef;' kef;ESi fh?
vufacsmi f;uav;rsm;rSmuwkefu&DjzpfaeNyD; t macgi fajcmuf &i fvnf;ylonf/ wpfcgwpfcgowdvnf
vmvQi f i &J? wd&pmef? Nydwm? t ol&um, fbHkwdkYonf vlYjynfESi fhwpfqufwnf;wnfaMumi f;udkt bdk;
jzpfolu i b i , fpOft cgu ajymjyzl;onfudkt rSwf&NyD; oabmaygufrdonf/ i brSm, ckt cgi &Jjynf
ESi fhMurf;wpfajy;wnf; aecJh&ayNyD/
ua, mi fuwrf;jzpfaepOf i bab;rSm cyfauG;auG;uav;aeaom "m;jyAdkvfwpfa, mufudk
*syefykvdyfom;rsm;ESi fhokb&mZmESi fhwlaomvlwpfpku qGJ, loGm;onf[ kt rSwfxm;vdkufonf/ i bt zdkY
owdvufvGwfrjzpfrDuwnf;u olYrsufpdat mufrSaysmufoGm;aomolrsm;? t nOf;yef;ESdyfpufcH&aomol
rsm;udkjri faeusawGYaeusjzpfav&mawmom;wdkYt oufwpfacsmi f;rSmopfwpfGuf?zufwpfcsyfavmufrS
wefzdk;rSdonfudkolaumi f;aumi f;BuD; wGufrdonf/ jrefjrefao&vQi fjrefjrefudpwHk;rSmyJ/ odkYaomfraoyJ
usef&pfcJhvQi f' ku/
rdrdylyi frdonfht wdki f; , ckjzpf&NyD/ raorSi fESi fht m;jywfumae&onf/ aSUudkvnf; b, fvdk
cHpm;&OD;rnf rod/ owdr&wpfcsuf &wpfcsufESi fhua, mi fuwrf;jzpfonfht cgrsm;wGi f ui faywdki fac:
*syefppfykvdyfHk;om;rsm;u ol\ t om;udk"m;ESi fhvSD; rD;yHkBuD;wGi f ui fpm;Muonf[ l yi f t dyfrufruf
onf/ t m;rjywfrDcHpm;&aoma0' emrsm;udkvnf; t opfwpfzef jyef jyef cP cP cHpm;&onf/
a&mufpu t usOf;om;wpfOD;udkajcvufwkyf yufvufvSefxm;apNyD;rSESmacgi f;ESi fhyg;pyfudkydwfpdrf;yg;
t kyfNyD;vQi fusufusufqlaoma&aEG;jzi fhavmi f;cs&mcH&olcrsmqefYi i fqefYi i fESi fhajrmarhoGm;onfudki b
armi fxi f ib


awGUcJh&onf/ um, uHSi frSmrnfodkYcHpm;&rnf rod/ ab;u rMunfhcsi fyJESi fhMunfhae&aomi b
crsmyi fvQi f wuf csuf oGm;ao;onf/ xdkt usOf;om;rSmvnf; oHk;cgavmuf a&aEG; t yufcH&NyD;
onfhaemufwGi fwkwfwkwfrQrvIyfawmh t oufaysmufoGm;NyD[ k, lq&awmhonf/
wpfcgwpfcgvnf; ppfykvdyfu w&m;cHrsm;udkav;a, mufwpfwGJ? i g;a, mufwpfwGJ ac:xkwf
oGm;onf/ , i f;odkYxkwfoGm;onfhaeYu pNyD; olwdkYowi f; t pt e rMum;&NyD/ t usOf;orm;t csi f;csi f;
wD;wdk;ajymqdkcsuft &rSmudk, fhwGi f;udk, fwl;NyD; t Si fvwfvwfajrjrKyfcH&onfqdkonf/
vufonf;cHGat mufodkYwG, ft yfdkufoGi f;jci f;?jyKwfwljzi fhvufonf;cGmjci f;?xkyf vufjyefBudK;
wkyf aZmufxdk;qGJxm;jci f;?a&udkAdkufwi f;at mi fa&eHqDwpfyHk;t jynfhavmufudkt aomufcdki f;NyD;rSAdkuf
ay:odkYppfom;pD;zdeyfjzi fhwufaqmi fhjci f; ponfjzi fh, Ofaus;aomvlrsdK;wdkY\ cspfzG, faomt rlt &mwdkYudk
i brSmudk, fawGYrsufjri fjzpfav&mt m[ m&jywf ua, mi fuwrf;jzpfwdki f; i &Jcef;BuD;udkcP cP jyef
jri f&avonf/
t jypfusL;vGefvQi f usL;vGefonfht avsmuf t jypfay;&efwm0efrSmurmay: SdorQaomt pdk;&
wdki f;\ wm0efjzpfonf/ jypfrIESi fhavsmfpGmt jypfay;jci f;onf w&m;ojzi fhjzpfonf/ *syefwdkYBuD;pdk;aom
t cgwGi frlum; t jypf' P f[ lonfrSm*syefwpfOD;wpfa, muf\ aumi f;aomqdk;aompdwfxm;t ay: wnf
onf/ pdwfqdk;olESi fhawGYvQi fqdk;onfht avsmufavmui &JudkcH&NyD;rSrcsdrqefUt oufxGufonf/ aumi f;
olESi fhawGY&vQi f jrefjreft oufxGuf& oufom\ [ kqdk&rnf/ wpfcgwpf&Ht jypfSdygvsufESi fhvnf;
vTwfcsi fu vTwfvdkufonf/ *syefpepft &t jypfSdolwpfa, mufudkt jypfay;&m t jypfui f;rJholwpf&mrQ
t acsmi foufouf xdcdkufepfemvQi f bmrQ0efrav;/ wpfOD;wpfa, mufonf t jypfwpfckjzi fht pGyft pGJ
cH&t Hh? xdkolonf rdrdt jypfrSdaMumi f; rxkacsEdki forQumvywfvHk; xdkol t jypfSdNyD[ l *syefwdkYu
, Ofaus;pGm, lqonf/ odkYaom, Ofaus;rI\ t pGrf;t m;jzi fh, ckt cg*syefwdkYonf urm\ t aSU
wpfjcrf;udkt Edki ft kyfpD;rdawmhrnf[ kt xi fBuD;umaoG;em;xi fa&mufaeNyDr[ kwfygavm/
wpfaeYaomf i b ajrmarhae&mrSowd&vmpOf &i fwGi f Mu, fESpfyGi fhwyfxm;aom*syefppfom;
wpfOD;u a&vmwdkufonf/ rsufESmudka&ESi fhyufonf/ xdkaeYt zdkYrdrdywf0ef;usi fudkMunfhvdkuf&mt azmf
av;OD; rSdawmhNyD/
bmt aMumi f;aMumi fhrajymwwf/ i b xri f;&nf p aomuf&onf/ wjznf;jznf; t pmudkpm;
&onf/ av;i g;&ufMumaomf t i ft m;wpfzef jyef jynfhwi f;vmonf/ jrefjreft rIppf? jrefjrefajzmi fhcsuf
ay;?jrefjrefao&vQi faus;Zl;ygyJ[ ki bawG;rdonf/
xdkYaMumi fhxri f;vmydkYaom*syefudkolYt rI b, fawmhppfrvJ[ kar;vdkufonf/ xdk*syef vnf;
]]AdkvfBuD; rmpwm}} xHoGm;a&mufumi bajymonfht wdki f; t pD&i fcHavonf/ ui faywdki ft zGJY\
*syefppfAdkvfBuD;vnf; i budkaSUawmfodkYoGi f;ap\ /
]]uRefawmf"m;jywdkufvmygw, f. . . rSefygw, fAdkvfBuD; . . . t jypfSdygw, f. . . ' eft dk;wdkY?
pv, f0i ft dk;wdkYudkuRefawmfwdkufvmcJhrdygw, f. . . }}[ ki bu olYudkrar;rDajzmi fhcsufay;\ /
ppfAdkvfBuD;u . . . ]]' Dt aumi fnmw, f. . . }}[ kqdkaMumi f; pum;jyefrSwpfqi fhi b od&\ /
armi fxi f ib


]]t i f; . . . t rSefrSmawmhuRefawmfnmajymwmyJ . . . uRefawmf"m;jywdkufvmw, fvdkY. . .
[ kwf[ kwfr[ kwf[ kwfajzmi fhcsufay;vdkuf&i f' D0#fuuRwfrvm;vdkYajymwmyJ . . . "m;jywdkuf&mrSmryg
aMumi f;odvdkYuRefawmfhudkvTwfrSmjzi fhvnf; vTwfygawmh. . . }}[ kqdkjyefonf/
*syefppfAdkvfBuD;u . . . ]]' Daumi fvdrfw, f. . . }}[ krSwfcsufcsaMumi f; pum;jyefaus;Zl;jzi fh
wpfqi fhod&jyef\ /
onfwpfcgrScufawmhonf/ bmudkb, fvdkvkyfNyD; ajym&rSef; rodEdki fawmhNyD/ awmom;jzpf
t ui f;uvnf; ryg;? udk, fhbmompum;ESi fhudk, fawmi frSpum;&dyfpum;ai GYem;rvnf? pum;udkbm
ajym rSb, ft "dym, fa&mufrSef; rod?*syefvdkuGd-uG-ed-eJY' ufpu?t &drwfpu?t , kw?t ewawG
udkvnf; em;rvnf/
odkYvQi fpdwfwxi fhxi fhESi fhae&onfrSm&uft awmfanmi f;NyD; t m[ m&jywf&mrSemvefxlvmo
jzi fhe*dk&nfudkrrSDao;aomfvnf; t awmft wef t om;t a& jynfhwi f;vmNyD/ *syefuvnf; i budk
wpfcgxkwf ppfjyefonf/
]]pdefem;uyfay; . . . }}[ kqdk\ /
]]b, frSmxm;ovJ. . . }}[ kar;\ /
]]b, fu pdefem;uyfvJ . . . }} [ k i bu aMumi fwufwufESi fhapm' uwufvdkuf\ /
i b\ ausmjyi fBuD;udk*syefwpfa, mufu usdKufusdKufqlaomvufzuf&nfESi fhyufvdkuf\ /
i bu . . . ]]pdefem;uyfawmhr[ kwfyg . . . olYt drfrSmwdkuf&mygypnf;qdkNyD; OD;oma*gi fh
yef;uefrsm;?' , ft dk;rsm;udkykvdyfu odrf;oGm;ygNyD. . . }}[ kqdk\ /
i b\ ajcz0g;udk*syefwpfa, mufu pD;u&ufrD;ESi fhwdkY\ / rSefrSefrajymbl;qdk vufjyefBudK;
wkyfNyD;vQi fvufaumuf0wfudkBudK;ESi fhcsnf i budkxkyfay:qGJxm;\ /
pdefem;uyfSdw, fajymvQi f xkwfay;p&mpdefem;uyfSdu awmfyg\ / odkYaomf pdefem;uyfrajymESi fh?
ykvJwkem;uyfudkrSyi fvQi f rjri fzl;aomaMumi fhi b bmajym&rnf rod/ &rf;orf; om. . . ]]uRefawmf
rSefwmajymygr, f. . . }}[ kat mf\ /
*syefwpfOD;u BudK;ajz i budkat mufcsonf/ i bu em;uyfudkqdwfBuD;ukef;GmOD;oma*gi fh
qDrSmt yfxm;onf[ kajymjyonf/ ajymNyD;rSaus;Zl;Si fOD;oma*gi fBuD;udk odkYrqDrqdki fqGJxnfhum
vTwfceJajymrdaomrdrd\ yg;pyfudkpdwfxJu t jypfwi f\ / vufjyefBudK;csnfrxm;vQi f olYyg;udkol jyef
dkufrdayvdrfhrnf/
*syefppfykvdyfwdkYu pdwfqdk;rmefqdk;jzi fhi budkxkwfay:jyefqGJ wi fxm;NyD;vQi ft jcm;t cef;buf
odkYul;ajymi f;oGm;Mujyef\ /
xdkwpfaeYESi fhxdkwpfnrSmi bonf xkyfay:qGJxm;aomkyfao;yrmvdrfznfznfESi fhw0J
wvnfvnft csdefukef&avownf;/
armi fxi f ib


eHeufrdk;aomufaomfppfykvdyfom;ESi fhppfAdkvfBuD;qdkoljyefvmMu\ /
]]ri f;rSefrSefajym&i f vTwfr, f . . . ri f;aewJht &yfu yawmfGm. . . "m;jywdkufwmu t J' DGm
t eD;t em;yJ . . . ri f;udkrdawmhvJ wkdufNyD; q, fhSpfem&Dt MumyawmfGmrSmrdw, f . . . yawmfeJY
qdwfBuD;ukef;qdkwmu oHk;q, fhajcmufem&DavSeJYoGm;rSa&mufEdki fw, f. . . ' Dawmhri f;ajymwmrjzpfEdki f
bl; . . . }}
]]uRefawmfyawmfGmra&mufzl;ygbl; . . . }}
ppfAdkvfBuD;u i b\ ajcovHk;udk"m;t drfpGyfxm;aom"m;ESi fhajy;dkufonf/
]]uRefawmfhudka&ausmf0uGi f;xJu zrf;wmyg. . . r, kH&i fzrf;vmwJhvlawG*wfrSmSdygw, f. . .
ar;Munfhyg. . . }}
]]a[ h. . . usm;BuD; . . . ri f; acgi f;jywfoGm;csi fovm; . . . }}
]]uRefawmfusm;BuD; r[ kwfygbl; . . . }}
]]ri f; yawmfGmu bdk;rSef&JUom; usm;BuD; r[ kwfvm; . . . i rdk;t zGJYu "m;jywpfOD;yJ. . . }}
]]r[ kwf&ygbl;Asm. . . uRefawmfi byg. . . }}
]]bm*bvJ. . . bm*bvJ. . . ei f*b r[ kwfbl; . . . usm;BuD;yJ. . . }}
]]uRefawmfi bjzpfaMumi f;udk*gwfwpf*gwfvHk; odygw, f. . . pum;jyefudkar;Munfhyg. . . }}
Mu, fESpfyGi fhESi fh*syefu pm&GufawGvSefavSmMunfhonf/ ]*b}emrnf rawGY[ kqdkonf/ ppf
AdkvfBuD;u pum;jyefudkac:onf/ pum;jyefu . . . ]]ol i b yJ . . . }}[ kajymonf/ *gwfudkwpfcg
pHkprf;&ef t jrefvTwfjyefonf/ wat mi fhavmufMumaomf ykvdyfom;wpfa, muf vdkufvmNyD; ol i b jzpf
aMumi f; axmufcHjyefonf/
*syefppfAdkvfvnf; olYaemufu*syefESi fht maygi ft m&i f;oefoeft jyeft vSefajymonf/ NyD;vQi f
jyHK;awmfrlonf/ oljyHK;yHkrsdK;udkSi fOwrausmfu awmvm;wpfckwGi fpyfqdkxm;zl;onf/ ]]bDvl;oGm;udkvjzJ
wnf;}}[ l\ /
*syefppfom;u . . . ]]t m; . . . t m; . . . usm;BuD; r[ kwfbl; . . . *b?*b . . . ci fAsm;
oGm;Edki fNyD. . . t rsm;BuD; 0rf;enf;w, f. . . ' DrSmbmjzpfw*g; t jyi frSmrajym&bl; . . . }}
xdkYaMumi fhi bvnf; vufqpfjyKwfvkeD;yg;jzi fhGmudkjyefcJh&\ / Gma&mufaomfom;orD; r, m;
wdkYESi fh0dki f;zGJYumaysmfaysmfyg;yg;BuD; t m;&yg;&i dka<u;vdkuf&onf/
]]rdazmha&. . . i gawmht 0Dpdu jyefvmwmyJuGJY. . . }}
rdazmhu IdufBuD;i i fBuD;ESi fhae&mrS. . . ]]uJ . . . uJ . . . NyD;wmvJ NyD;NyDaygh. . . aSU
aezdkYxdki fzdkYt a&; pDpOfzdkYyJSdw, f. . . ' DrSm. . . uRefrwdkYvGwfvyfa&;&NyDqdkyguvm; . . . }}
armi fxi f ib


]]vGwfvyfa&; . . . t J' gu bmvkyfzdkYwkH; . . . }}
]]EdkY. . . ArmjynfvGyfvyfa&;&NyDqdkwmyJ . . . udk, fhvlrsdK;xJu Si fbk&i fjzpfwmayghawmh. . .
a' gufwmbarmfu t "dywdjzpfNyDwJhawmh. . . }}
]]olt "dywdjzpfvJ wdkYv, form; v, fvkyfrSpm;&rSmuG, fh. . . wdkYt ESdyfpufcH&awmhvJ olvm
MunfhEdki fwmr[ kwfbl; . . . }}
]]aMomf. . . udk, fht rsdK;eJYudk, fvGwfvGwfvyfvyfqdkawmhae&mwum*syefawG0i frpGufawmhbl;
aygh. . . }}
]]t r, fav; . . . av; . . . ri f;u ' gudk, Hkovm; . . . }}
awmolawmi fom; v, form;qdko[ m, HkMunfvG, faomow0grsm; jzpfMuonf/ , cki b u
, HkrSm;wwfvmonfrSm*syefwdkYu vdrmvmat mi fqHk;ryJhjyi fvdkuf [ kqdk&ayrnf/
wpfaeYaomf csufBuD;u vm t usdK;t aMumi f;ar;onf/ rdeDu csufBuD;vmonfudkjri f aemuf
az;rD;zdkacsmi fxJ0i foGm;onf/csufBuD;u vlBuD;rsm;ESi fhajyjypfat mi fpum;qdkNyD;vQi f rD;wdwfaeaomaq;
jyi f;vdyfwdkudkrD;nd&efrD;zdkacsmi fxJodkY0i fvmonf/
]]rdeD&, f. . . ri fht az jri f&wmpdwfraumi f;vdkufwm. . . }}
]]udkcsufBuD;a&U. . . uRefrwdkYt azawmh0#fa<u; qyfcJhwmyJ. . . ' gavmufeJYNyD;wefaumi f;&JUvdkY
xi fwmyJ. . . }}
csufBuD;u rsuf&nfOaeaomrdeD\ rsufvHk;uav;udkMunfhNyD; t awmf 0rf;enf;oGm;onf/
q, fhajcmufESpf rjynfhwwfao;bl;omqdkw, f? rdeD[ mt ysdKBuD;zm;zm;jzpfaeyga&mhvm;/ uav;pdwf
rukefao;aomfvnf; vlBuD;pdwf0i fvmNyD/ awmi fawG;ajrmufawG; awG;wwfNyD/ pdk;&drfylyefwwfNyD/ t nD
Sd, i ft HkqdkovdkrormwJhvlawG0dki f;t HkrSjzi fh. . .
]]rdeD&, f. . . ri f;wdkYuvJ ri fht azuvGJ&i faSUu rm;rm;rwfrwf0i f&yfEdki fr, fha, mufsm;oemvJ
rSdao;bl; . . . ri f;udki gt rsm;BuD; oem;rdygw, f. . . }}
]]' gawmhudkcsufBuD;&JU. . . uRefroabmudkt xl;ajymzdkYrvdkbl; . . . rdbawGuvJoabmusNyD;
om;yJ. . . udkcsufBuD;t arudkajymcdki f;ygvm; . . . }}
]]' Dvdkqdk&i f' Dn ajymvdkdufr, fav . . . }}
]]oabmaygh. . . }}
csufBuD;u aq;vdyfrD;nd&i f; rdeDudkTef;Tef;pm;pm; Munfhonf/
]]ei f. . . t [ kwfajymwmvm; . . . }}
armi fxi f ib


]]t dk. . . uRefr b, fESpfcgajymae&OD;rSmvJawmh. . . umvu umvysufBuD;rdkYuRefr wpfpHk
wpfckjzpf&i fudkcsufBuD;pdwfajymi f;oGm;rSmompdk;wmyJ . . . ' Dvdkqdk&i fudkcsufBuD;a&U. . . wpfoufvHk;
t drfaxmi frjyKawmhbl; . . . }}
]]t r, f . . . ' Daumi frav;[ mpum;wwfvdkufwmvGefvdkY. . . }}[ kajymumcsufBuD;u
rdeD\ yg;udkvdrfqGJvdkufNyD; uAsmuoDrD;zdkacsmi fxJrSxGufvmonf/ t drfOD;cef;wGi f i bESi fhrdazmhwdkY
wdk;wdk; wdk;wdk;ESi fhBudwfNyD;wdki fyi faeMuonfudkawGY t drfay: rSqi f;oGm;onf/
csufBuD;udki bu rsufpdwpfqHk; Munfhonf/ csufBuD;uG, foGm;rSi bu . . . ]]t awmfom;yJ. .}}
[ kqdkonf/
]]wdki f;jynfvJat ;csrf;ygNyD. . . oDwi f;uRwfuRwfNyD;jci f; NyD;pD;at mi fpDrHrSyJ. . . }}[ krdazmhu
ajym\ /
vi fr, m;ESpfa, muf orufuav;&vQi f t b, fyHkv, fuGi f;xJrSmt oHk;csvdkufrnf[ kpdwful;
udk, fpDESi fh ai ;armaeMuonf/ ]]wJuav;awmh csJU&rSmyJ}} [ k rdazmhu awG;onf/ ]]v, ft cGuf
ESpfq, fawmhjynfhat mi fpdkufjzpfrSmyJ}}[ ki bu awG;onf/
rD;zdkacsmi fxJu rdeDrSmrl 0rf;omaomrsuf&nfOBuD;rsm; rsufvHk;t drfrSvdrfh qi f;Muonfudk
t usvufzsi fpjzi fhcP cP wm;qD;&aomaMumi fhrsufvHk;BuD;rSmTJvsufSdonf/
xdkt wGi f; O, smOfxJodkYvlwpfpkajy;vmonf/ wt Hk;t Hk;ESi fhjrnfvsufSdonf/ ]ajy;Mu[ Jh}[ l
vnf; Mum;vdkuf&onf/
i bu wJay: rSrwfwyf&yf arQmfMunfhonf/
]]ykvdyfawG?q, ft drfacgi f;awGacR;wyfpkrvdkYwJha[ h. . . }}[ kwpfOD;u nmoHay;onf/ rdazmhu
. . . ]]acG;wyfvdkYMum;w, f. . . t drfay:u rqi f;eJYOD; . . . acG;l;xwmrsm;vm; rodbl; . . . }}[ kqdk\ /
]]*syefa[ h. . . *syef}}[ kwpfpku at mfjyefonf/ rdazmhu i b xckefvdkufojzi fhqGJxm;onf/
odkYayr, fh*syefoHMum;vQi frdazmhrajymESi fh?odMum;ri f;BuD; em;ui f;ESi fhqi f;wm;wmawmi fr&Edki fNyD/ xdkY
aMumi fhi bvnf; wJay:u vTm;ceJckefqi f;vdkufav\ /
odkYi b ckefqi f;vkdufjci f;um; t 0Dpdi &JrSvGwfat mi fr[ mt 0Dpdi &JodkYvTm;ceJ qi f;vdkufjci f;
omjzpfbd\ /

t cef; (8)
vlpm;jci f;

]]wpfcgjzi fhcufMuNyDudkomat mi fa&U. . . uRefrwdkYom;t rdwpfawGrSmolrSrSd&i ft usdK;BuD; enf;
ua&maygh. . . Munfhvkyfay;ygOD; . . . }}[ krdazmhu rsuf&nfpufvufESi fhq, ft drfr;udkajymvdkufonf/
]]cufwmyJrdazmh&, f. . . i gvJq, ft drfr;wdkY?&mt drfr;wdkYqdkwmrvTJomvdkY0i fvkyf&wmyg[ , f
. . . i gbmrSrodygbl; . . . ykvdyfawGeJY*syefawGGmxJ0i fvmNyD; ri f;wdkYqDu acR;wyft wGuf vl
t pdwfay;&r, fqdkNyD; i ghac:oGm;vdkYvdkufvmwmyJ . . . ri f;wdkYudki gu owday;zdkY&mrSmei fhvi fudku
ykvdyfawGSd&majy;wmudk;[ Jh. . . }}
]]olvJ usru qGJxm;yg&JU. . . *syefvdkYMum;wmeJYaoG;l;aoG;wef; jzpfoGm;wmyJ . . . t J' g
MunfhvkyfygOD; . . . }}
]]aeOD;[ Jh. . . olwdkYeJYt wl Armpum;jyefwpfa, mufygvmw, f. . . t &i fuawmhei fwdkYuGi f;
xJrSmoci fOu| qdkvm;?bmqdkvm;yJ. . . }}
rdazmhu jzdK;wkyfrsm; jzpfaervm;[ kawG; ylrd\ / odkYaomf udkomat mi f nTef&modkYyi f oGm;&acs
rnf/ jzdK;wkyfyi fjzpfapumrlajcovHk;zufoi fhu zufrnf/
acR;wyfrS*syefrSmxdkt csdeft cgwGi f aus;Gmpmoi fausmi f;udkAdkvfwJ jyKvkyfumt azmf *syefwpf
a, mufESi fhwnf;cdkaeonf/ olwdkYESpfOD;t m; aq;ay;rD;, l ajconf;vufonf;vkyfae&olrSmjzdK;wkyfyi f
jzpfonf/
rdazmhvnf; jzdK;wkyfudkjri faomfrsufESmcsdKaoG;&avonf/ jzdK;wkyfu t MuHat mi faomrsufESmxm;
jzi fh. . . ]]bmudpvmowHk;As. . . }}[ kNyHK;NyHK;BuD; qD;ar;onf/ rdazmhu . . . ]]udkjzdK;wkyfu, f. . .
NyD;cJhwmawGb, fvdkrSrat mufarhygeJYaemf. . . uRefrwdkYom;t rdwpfawGudku, fyg. . . Si fvJArmyJSi f
. . . uRefrwdkYudku, foi fhygw, f. . . }}[ kt oem;cH\ /
armi fxi f ib


jzdK;wkyfu olMunfhvkyfygrnf[ kajymonf/ AdkvfBuD;rmpwmu oabmaumi f;ygonf/ i b om;
orD;rsm;SdvQi f om;orD;rsm;u udk, fwdki fvm uRefawmfuRefrwdkYt azwpfa, mufwnf;udkomrSDcdk&yg
onf[ koem;avmufat mi fajymvQi fvGwfEdki fygonf/
rdazmhu onft BuHonf t BuHaumi f;jzpfonf[ k, HkMunfvdkufonf/ onfvdkqdkvQi f rdeDudkac:
vmvQi fraumi f;aybl;vm;/
jzdK;wkyfu t csdKSmaewkef; xef;vsuft dk;xJ arSmuf&ufvJonfht rlt &mudkrdazmhr&dyfrd&at mi frsdK
odyfvsuf. . . ]]aumi f;om;yJ. . . }}[ kqdk\ /
]]AdkvfBuD; rmpwmu nae i g;em&Davmufqdk&i fxri f;pm;w, f. . . t J' Dawmhajcmufem&D?ckESpf
em&D arSmi favmufrSvmwmaygh. . . }}
rdazmhvnf; t drfodkYjyef rdeDudkt usdK;t aMumi f;ajym\ / nae rarSmi fhwarSmi fwGi f EdkYpdkYuav;udk
cg;xpfcGi fwGi fcsDumrdeDESi fht wl om;t rdESpfa, muf jzdK;wkyfxHvmavonf/ jzdK;wkyfu olwdkYom;t rdudk
ausmi f;at muf t apmi fhcdki f;xm;onf/ olurlum; *syefawGESi fhpum;ajymaeonf/ rdazmhu apmi fh&wm
ajcovHk;awmi fhvSNyD[ knnf;\ / rdeDu . . . ]]t ar&, f. . . ' DavmufarSmi frS[ efyghrvm; . . . uRefr jzi fh
&i fxJu zdkaewmyJ. . . }}[ krOD;rcRwfajym\ /
rdazmhu onfawmhrSawG;rdonf/ t csdefrSdwkef;rSm*syefqDa&mufvdkY*syefu orD;udkqGJxm;vQi f
b, fhES, faervJ/ aMomf . . . v, form;om;orD;qdkawmht EdSyfpuf w, fcH&yguvm;/ onfavmufvJ
jzpfEdki frSmr[ kwfygbl;av/ i gt Sdom;yJ/ udki bvGwfzdkYu t i frwef t a&;BuD;w, f/ t zrf;cH&wkef;u
olYrsufESmav;u aovdkY? ui f;*gwfrSmcsKyfxm;wmjri f&jyefawmhvJ rsufESmi , fuav;eJY/ [ , f . . .
ewfaumi f;ewfjrwfawGt Sdao;om;yJ/
]]]t ar&, f . . . uRefrawmhodyfpdwfav;wmyJ . . . }}[ laomrdeD\ pum;onf rdazmh\
ESvHk;om;wdkYudkqGJ aqmi fhvdkuf\ /
]]' Davmufawmi fjzpfvSw, f. . . orD; . . . xx . . . oGm;r, f. . . }}[ krdazmhu aumufum
i i fumajymvdkuf\ / om;t rdESpfa, mufxvdkuf\ / avSum;rSuRduRdjrnfoHMum;NyD; bGm;ceJvlwpfa, muf
ay:vmonf/ rdazmhwdkYom;t rd wapt ajcmufcH&ovdk acgi f;em;yrf;BuD;oGm;onf/ vludk
aocsmpGmMunfhaomfjzdK;wkyfjzpfaeonf/ olYyg;pyfu qmau;eHYvIdi faeonf/
rdazmhu orD;av;vufudkwkwfqGJNyD; ausmi f;at mufu xGufajy;rnfjyK\ /
]][ Jh. . . ' gbmvkyfwmvJ . . . [ i f. . . ei f' Dvdkvkyf&i f*syefawGpdwfqdk;vdkYwpfrsdK;vHk; ao
ukefvdrfhr, f. . . vm. . . rdeD. . . ei fht ar at mufuapmi fhaevdrfhr, f. . . cP Mum&i fjyef&rSmyJ. . .
t ck*syefBuD;u ei fht azt aMumi f; ppfMunfhrvdkYwJh. . . }}[ kjzdK;wkyfu ajymajymqdkqdkESi fhrdeDvufudk
qGJumausmi f;ay: wufoGma;v\ / rdazmhum; ausmi f;at mufwGi ft arSmi fudkt azmfjyKumusefcJhav\ /
wefaqmi frkef;? ewfawmf? aumufavSmfpm;aom&moDwGi f aumi f;ui fjyi f rdk;&dyfwdrf&dyfESi f;&dyf
uav;awGu rui f;ao;/ vuvnf; uG, fzdkYoHk;&ufrQyJvdkawmhonfxi fh/ Gmwef;SnfBuD;rSvnf; acwf
armi fxi f ib


ysufBuD;wGi fa&eHqD0at mi frxGef;&ao;aomaMumi fht vi f;a&mi fwpfcsufrQrxGuf/ xdkYaMumi fhavmu
"mwfwpfcGi fvHk;rSmt rdkuft wdomvQi fjzpfbd\ /
t csdefonf yufusduJhodkYwaGUaGUwGm;oGm;aeonf/ ausmi f;ay:rSykvi f;oHzefcGufoHrsm; Mum;&
\ / wpfcsufwpfcsuf Murf;Mum;rSt vi f;a&mi fwpfckt rQi fwef;NyD; at mufodkYxdk;pdkufusvm\ / odkYaomf
t rdkufudkrwdk;Edki fojzi fhjzKwfqdkkyfodrf;vdkuf\ / rdazmhpdwfxJ rSeft drfudkt cef;wpfckxJ qGJoGi f;vdkufNyD
[ kxi f\ / zdeyfoHrsm; xdkt cef;qDodkYavQmufoGm;onfudkMum;&\ / Murf;jyi fay:udkSyfSyf SyfSyfESi fh
qkwfqdki f;qdki f; avQmufoHjzpf\ / *syefpum;ajymoHvdkvdkwdk;csnfwpfcg us, fcsnfwpfvSnfh? odkYaomf
pum; av;vHk;ruGJ/
t arSmi fxkonf ydk BuD;rm;vm\ / qdwfji drfjci f;vnf; t arSmi fudkvnfyi f;zufumt azmfvkyf
ygvm\ / pum;oHrsm; pJoGm;avNyD/ t cef;rSvlwpfa, mufxGufvmaomajcoHMum;&\ / oi f;wdkYi ghorD;
av;udkbmrsm;vkyfaeygvdrfhrvJ/ rdazmhpdwfxJ dk;wdk;Gw jzpfvm\ / avSum;rSajcoHrMum;at mi fwuf
Munfh\ / [ dkuf . . . udk, fusdK;enf;&csnfh/ avSum;0u wHcg;uvJ uefYvefYxdk;xm;ygvm;/ rdazmhu
wpfzefavSum;rScyfokwfokwfqi f;NyD; t oHMum;&mt cef;at mufrSae em;pGi fhjyef\ /
usdK;usdK;uRduRdjrnfoHvdkvdk?Akef;A&i f;ESi fhkef;oHuefoHausmufoHvdkvdkroJruGJu rdazmh\ pdwf
udkrcHcsdrcHomuvdvdkufonf/ t oHAvHwdkYrSmacwt em;, lMujyef\ / nnf;oHav;wpfck[ D;[ D;ESi fhay:
xGufvmjyefonf/ i dkoHvm;?IdufoHvm;/ rdeDi dk&i f ' Dvdki dkwwfwmyJ/ t rav;awmf?wuwJ?wt dt deJY/
t oHuawmhrdeDt oHygyJ/
]]i ghorD;av;uawmhvljzpfIH;ygNyD. . . }}[ kpdwfxJu usdwf at mfvdkufNyD; acgi f;ay:rSyk0gudk
t om, l rsuf&nfokwf\ / cg;xpfcGxm;aomuav;u t Jht JhESi fhjrnf vIyfvdkufojzi fholYt oHrxGuf
at mi fuRwfuRwfuRwfuRwfESi fhnnf;umuav;udkacsmhodyf\ / xdkt wGi f; zdeyfoHwpfa*gufa*gufESi fh
EkH;csnfhNyD; ' GwfqGJvmaomt oHwpfckt cef;qDrSavSum;aygufqDodkYa&mufvm\ / *syefESpfa, mufpum;
ajymaeMuonfudkMum;&onf/
*avmuf *avmuf[ kt oHwpfckxGufvmjyefonf/ t ayghoGm;wmvm;/ [ m. . . r[ kwfao;
bl;/ u&m;xJu vufzuf&nfMurf;udkyef;uefvHk;xJxnfhoHyJ/ xdkYaemuf zdeyfoHwa*gufa*gufESi fhavS
um;bufqDrSt cef;bufqDodkY*syefwpfa, mufxGufoGm;onfudkMum;&jyefonf/ olYajcoHu apmapmu
ajcoHESi fhrwl/ cyfoGufoGufyJ/ bk&m; . . . bk&m; . . ./
rdeDt ay:t ajcwnf v, form;vi fr, m;ESpfOD;wdkYonfavmuedAmefBuD;udkpdwful;wGi fzefqi f;
cJhMuonf/ rdeDudkvi fay;pm;NyD;vQi f orufudkt m;wpfckjyKumvi fr, m;ESpfOD; t drfacgi f;&i f;u t jrdKi fh
om;xdki f t em;, l&awmhrnf/ odkYaomf orufuav;&wmESi fhyJ wpfoufvHk;t ji drf;pm;aezdkYBuHG, fwm
r[ kwfbl;? acwfysufBuD;xJrSm' kuokuawGrsm;vSawmhcP wjzKwfavmuf t em;, lzdkYygyJ/ wu, fqdk
awmhorufESi fhorD;wdkYt wGufOD;oma*gi fhqDu v, fwpfyGJxyfi Sm;NyD; ESpfOD;NydKi fwl vkyfMurSmyJ/ onfvdk
qdkvQi fwpfESpfpyg;ESpf&mydkrnf/ pyg;ESpf&mqdkvQi ft zsi f;qHk; ai GESpf&m/ q, fESpfudkai GESpfaxmi f/ t Jonf
ai GESpfaxmi fESi fhv, fwpfyGJxyf0, fvdkufvQi f/
avoHu SJSJ SJSJ jrnfvdkufonf/ rdazmhacgi f;ay:u *syefuvnf; [ J[ J [ J[ J [ k&, fvdkuf
onf/ IdufoHrSmydkrdkxi fSm;vmonf/ rdeDIdufyHkESi fhawmhwax&mwnf;yJ/
armi fxi f ib


rdazmhu EdkYpdkYuav;udkt cef;xJoGi f; t &i fodyfonf/ NyD;rSi dkaeaomi 0ufudkcsufBuD;vufrS, l
t cef;xJodkYoGi f;\ /
rdeDum; rD;zdkacsmi f0wGi fxdki fumcsufBuD;udkMunfh&i f; rIdi fvsufaerd\ / csufBuD;u b, folt &i fp
pum;ajymrnfudk apmi fhpm;Munfhae[ efwl\ / odkYaomf MumMumrapmi fhEdki fonfht wlwl i guyJ pNyD;
pum;ajymvdkufrSyJ[ laomt BuHjzi fhcg;yef;ay: ajcypf xdki fae&mrSxNyD;vQi fqDrD;cGufem;uyf rD;nd\ /
nd&i f; rdeDbufodkYrsufqefudkrsufvHk;axmi fhwGi fuyf rdeDudkcdk;Munfhrd\ /
t vdk. . . rIdi fvdkYyguvm;/ apmapmuvnf; *syefawGqDoGm;w, f/ t csdefrawmfrSvnf; jyefvm
w, f/ rsufESmuvnf; raumi f;bl;? i guawmh0rf;omp&mowi f;BuD; ydkYrvdkYvmwmyJ/ csufBuD;u odkY
avm?odkYavm, HkrSm;awG;awmumolYpdwfxJcsDwHkcswHkjzpfaeonf/
qHav;wdkESi fhudkcsufBuD;\ yg;udkrD;a&mi f[ yfaeonfrSmusufoa&SdvSonf/ MunfhvdkYr0Edki fyg
wum;/ onfvdkcsnfhwoufvHk;Munfhae&vQi favmuBuD;[ maysmfp&mBuD;aygh/ ckawmhonfvdkr[ kwf
bl;aemf/ oluawmhaeYvnfuajymvdkufwJhpum;t &0rf;omt m;&vmajymwJhvuP myJ/ EdkYayr, fhrdeD
uav; IvdkYr0Edki fwJhudkcsufBuD;a&U. . . ' DwpfcgawmhvGJNyD/ uRefrav . . . udkcsufBuD;eJYrwefawmh
ygbl;/
csufBuD;yg;pyfrSaq;jyi f;vdyfwdkrSmvGwfxGufoGm;onf/
]]rdeD. . . bmawGajymaewmvJ. . . }}[ kcsufBuD;u t em;uyf ar;onf/ rdeDu onfawmhrS
olYt awG;ESi fhol awG;ae&mrSyg;pyfu vTwfceJxGufoGm;onfudkod&onf/ od&awmhrSIdufBuD; i i fBuD;
i dkvdkufonf/
csufBuD;onf rdeD\ IdufoHi dkoHwdkYt Mum;rSaqmi fh aqmi fh xGufvmaompum;wdkYudkrvIyf
r, Sufem;axmi fae&onf/ yxrwpfcGef;avmufu t onf;zsm;udkt yfESi fhqGvdkufovdk?aemufwpfcGef;u
t onf;xJ uRJ0i fcwfovdk?aemufqHk;wpfcGef;usawmht onf;xJ uRJwpft kyfvHk;0i foGm;ua&mxi fyg&JU?
&i fudkrenf;BuD; rxm;&onf/
awmolqdkawmhpum;y&d, m, f roHk;/ y&d, m, fqdkwm[ mvdrfwmjzpfonf/ [ kwfoavmuf
ajAmi fzGi fhajym&wmu t &omSdonf/ wefzdk;Sdonf/ vlvdkNyD; ewfBudKufonf/ t rSefqdkonfhpum;rSmem;
rcHom/ rcHcsi fvdkYSdvQi fvnf; vJaoHkaygh/ [ kwfwmawmhajym&rSmyJ/
]]t J' gyJawmh. . . usKyfawmht &i f;t wdki f; ajymwmyJ . . . usKyfudkawmf, lcsi frS, l . . . usKyf
b, fvdkrSrat mufarhbl; . . . awmfr, l&i fusKyfvJ wpfouft drfaxmi frjyKawmhbl; . . . }}[ krdeDu
wHk;ceJ?wdceJajymvdkufonf/
csufBuD;u ausmufkyfBuD; t ouf0i fvmovdkjAKef;qdkrdeD\ udk, fudkzufvdkufonf/ rdeDwpf
udk, fvHk; aysmufoGm;at mi f &i fbwfxJ qGJoGi f;vdkuf\ / rdeDyg;ay:rSwvdrfhaumufauG;usvmaomrsuf
&nfwdkYudkolYESmacgi f;ESi fhvSdrfh t m;yg;w&odrf;usHK;IdufIvdkufonf/ rdeDu acgi f;uav;udkarmfh ay;
onf/ py, fzl;uav;udkrcl;&uf t &dyfwMunfhMunfhaecJh&mrSolrsm;u udk, hfxufOD;oGm;awmhusdwf
rEdki fcJr&ESi fhpy, fwpfHkvHk;\ t dk;ESi fht Gufudkomodrf;usHK;ayGYydkufaevdkuf&bdouJhodkY/
armi fxi f ib


csufBuD;vnf; jAKef;qdkrdeDudkvTwfvdkufonf/ awmufajymi f t momrajyonfhcsufBuD;\ rsuf
vHk;rsm;u rdeDudk t pdrf;vdkuf0g;pm;onfrSmcRwfcRwfrjrnfHkwr, fomusefonf/ aemi fwcP t zdkY
csufBuD;onf t drfay:rSvTm;ceJckefqi f;umarSmi fxJ aysmufuG, foGm;onf/ zat ht wGuf t Sufudk
pGefYcJh&onf/ , ckcsufBuD;udkpGefY&jyefNyD/ bmyJpGefY&pGefY&zat BuD; vGwf&i fNyD;wmygyJ/ pGefY&usdK; eyfygNyD/
at mf. . . uHqdk;vScsnfhrdeDav;/
ei f onfvdkykef;vQdK;0SufvQdK;t mZmenft jzpfESi fhrdef;rwumwdkYwefzdk;t xm;qHk;t &mudkpGefYvdkuf
onfht csdefrSmei fhzci fi bonfacR;wyfom; t pdwfavmufESi fhqdwfBuD;ukef;urf;u cGmygyaum/

.. ,
-. .._.-_.

.--- ....-..._=.-. -_-_-.-.... ._-.- -.------
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.-...._._-.- =.._._.-. ....~.-.- --_ --._.-._. .~---
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.-..-.-_ -..-...-. -..-..-.- -_.-..--. -..--.-- .,-. -- ._.
armi fxi f ib


jyi frSm wdkufcdkufaepOf i gwdkYv, form;t aygi f;wdkYonf xGefwHk;wnf;[ laom vufeufudkudki fvsuf
jynfwGi f;ppfrsufESmjzefU aeonf r[ kwfwHkavm/ xdkYaMumi fhppfom;wdkYonf t mZmenfjzpfonfhenf;wl
i gwdkY\ v, form;rsm; t mZmenfjzpfukef\ / odkYponfjzi fhv, f, mpdkufysdK;a&;Xmeu 0g' jzefY aumi f;
wkH;rSmoHjzLZ&yfpcef;odkY rdrd\ v, f? acsmi f;? om;? r, m;wdkYudk pGefYypf r[ mrdwfedyGefwdkY\
olwpfOD;wnf; aumi f;pm;a&; e, fy, fcsJU&eft vdkYi Smv, form; i bu t acsmi f0#fcH ae&avNyDwum;/
i bt zdkYt vkyfu yi fyef;onfrSdyg/ wpfcgwpf&H0g;ydk;0g;wpfvHk;udkvlq, fa, muf[ D;av;cdk
xrf;&i f;ESi fhwpfaeukefonf/ rD;&xm;vrf;[ kac:aomuacsmfucRwf vrf;rBuD;ab; ausmufp&pfcJu
av;rsm;udk[ dkwpfqkyfonfwpfqkyf yHk&onfESi fhyi f wpfaecef;jyefonf/ v, form;wdkYbm0 acR;uav;pdkY
vmat mi ft vkyfvkyf&vQi fusef;rma&;ESi fhyi fnDnGwfao;onf/ , ckum; odkYr[ kwfNyD/ qefat mufudk
usdKcsuf qdkcJhNyD;aom0g;uGyfyspfwef;vsm;ay:wGi fyHkauR;onfudkacR;wyfom;wdkYpm;&onf/ xri f;auR;
NyD; a&Sm;onfESi fhuGyfyspfudkwHjrufpnf;ESi fhvSnf;csonf/ xdkt ay:udkyi fvQi fxri f; xyfumxyfumyHk
auR;onf/ xri f;odk;[ i f;odk;t eHUu a[ mi f aeaomaMumi fh, i fawGae&mrvyfat mi f xri f;yHkay:wGi f
0dki f;t HkaeMuonf/ xri f;pm;MupdkYqdkvQi f , i faumi frsm;xkxnf\ at mufodkYvufvQdK EIdufpm;&onf/
xdk, i faumi fwdkYaMumi fh0rf;azm? 0rf;a, mi f? 0rf;udkufESi fhumv0rf;wdkYu acR;wyfom;wdkYudkoHjzLZ&yf
jzwfvrf;rSae , rri f;vufodkYaeYcsi f;ncsi f;t a&muft crJhydkYay;vsufSdonf/
acR;wyfzrf;ya[ hqdk omt rdcHvdkuf&onf/ acR;wyfpcef;t wGuf i b bmrQpDpOfrxm;&?cg;
wGi fygaomt 0wfomvQi f t azmfjyKvmcJh&Smonf/ t csdeft cguvnf; aqmi f;v, fjzpf csrf;cdkufcdkuf
wkef&onf/ apmi fvnf;rSd acwfay:ykqdk;Murf;uav;ESi fhzGm;bufawmfudk rvHkYwvHk auG;&onf/
t at ;"mwfaMumi fhauG;&i f;ESi fhpefU&aomromwdkYrSmvnf; wpfaeYvQi f b, fESpfavmi f;[ ka&wGuf yi f
vQi fr&aumi f;acs/
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jzpfonf/
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, m;emwdkYwpfudk, fvHk;vTrf;aomaMumi fht Elt 0JyuwdjzpfMu&Smonf/
onft xJwGi fawmBuD;rsufrJxJ usm;pmjzpf&olt aygi f;vnf; SdSao;onf/ aq;0g;[ l t Si f;
rjri f&/ aus;vufawmGmrSaq;pyfol ]uGefaygi f' g}?aq;xnfhol ]' &ufqm}wdkYudkq&m0efygyJ[ kpGyfpGJ
NyD; edyGefwdkYu acR;wyfpcef;odkYqGJ, lavhSdonf/ xdkolwdkYrSmq&m0efvnf;r[ kwf? aq;0g; ud&d, mwdkY
uvnf; rSd?ref;wwfrIwfwwfolrsm;vnf; r[ kwfav&um; rsm;aomt m;jzi fhvlrrmwdkYrSmaoaeYraphyJ
aoMu&Smonf/ ae&mxdki fci f;uvnf; [ efjyrQyi f rSdavaomaMumi fh0rf;a&m*gorm;wdkYrSmt drfomudk
t dyf&mvkyfumrpi fESi fhr[ mrdwfzGJUNyD;vQi f, i fwyf?jci fwyfwdkYjzi fhaoG;pnf; aeMu&avownf;/ ayG;?0J?
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ykvdyfzsm;wdkYonfvnf;aumi f;? i bt m; ausmfumei f;umjzi fht rsdK;rsdK; ESdyfpufuvljyKMuukef\ / i bu
vnf; oi f;wdkYi ghudkt jreft oufxGufat mi f vkyfygap[ Jh[ kqkawmi f;umvnfpi f; cHonf/ odkYaomf
a&m*gBuD;i , ft oG, foG, fwdkYrSm*syefxHrSnOf;qJenf;t rsdK;rsdK;udkt wkcdk;NyD;vQi fi bcrsmt m; raorSi f
jzpfat mi fuvdMuukef\ /
armi fxi f ib


olwdkYudkzrf;pu acR;wyfpcef;wGi foHk;vrQomt vkyfvkyfzdkY[ kqdkonf/ , ckoHk;vuausmfav;v
pGef;NyD; i g;vjynfhcJhNyD/ i bt zdkYt oacsF, suyfoHk;av;i g;uyfavmufMumonf[ kxi f&\ / vlkyfvnf;
ysufNyD/ rdazmht vGefESpfoufaoma, mi fwapmi f;xHk;uav;rSmi Sufzsm;ESdyfpufojzi fhocFg&oabmodkY
aGUavsmoGm;NyDjzpf&mi brSmuwHk;ESi fhi Hk;wdwdae&SmNyD/ cdki frmaomar;dk;ESi fhwpfqufwnf;wnfaom
jynfh0azmi f;t donfhyg;pHkYwdkYrSmb, ft csdefu i HkYvQdK;uG, faysmufoGm;cJhavonfrod?jrKyfcsufom; aumi f;vS
onf/
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ww avQmuf&onf/
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uyfaeNyD;vQi f eHdk;NydKi f;NydKi f;ay:vsufSdonf/ ykcHk;om;?vufarmi f;om;paom<uufom;BuD;wdkYt pm; ai g
aeaomt dk;wdkYu i b\ cEmudk, fBuD;udkrEdki fhwEdki f usm;uef xm;&onf/ wpfcgwpfcg rdrdudk, fudk
uodkP f;I&i f; *syefwdkY\ , kwfrmaomt BuHudkawG;rdonf/ i gwdkYwdki f;jynfhvufHk;jzpfwJht vkyform;
a, mufsm;rSeforQvlpOfrrDat mi ft pkvdkuft NyHKvdkufnOf;yef;wJhenf;yJ[ ki b awG;rdonf/
xdkavmui &JrSvGwfajrmuf&ef vrf;pSmonf/ vldk;vlt qdkawmhzJ0dki f;wGi f0i fyGwfNyD; Edki fat mi f
rvkyfwwf/ bdef;ukeful;Edki fzdkYvnf; rdrdudk, fwdki fu t &i f;Si fr[ kwf/ t vG, fwul t &ufcsufjyefawmh
vnf; acR;wyfom;csi f; t &i f;Si fpepfjzi fhvuf0g;BuD;t kyfonfht xJwGi frwdk;Edki f/ rdrdESi fhwpf&yfwnf;ae
wpfa&xJaomufwdkYu . . . ]]ajy;MupdkYvm; . . . }}[ kt azmfndonf/ rdrdu ]ydkufqHrSd}[ kt ajzay;onf/
]]usKyfzJEdki fxm;wJhai GawGSdw, f. . . ryleJY. . . ajy;cgeD;awmhvufwdkYvdkufr, f. . . }}
xdkYaMumi fhESpfOD;om; vlt vpfxGufajy;cJh\ / wpfvrf;vHk; vlrdrSmpdk; usD;uef;awmi f;arSmufaecJh
&\ / *syefwdkYESi fhawGYrSmt vGefpdk;\ / rvTJom &i fqdki fwdk;onfht cgolwdkYudkppfvm;aq;vm; ar;jref;
pHkprf;jci f; rSdawmhrSoufrBuD;usoGm;onf/ onfvdkrSef; apmapmuodvQi f apmapmuajy;& raumi f;
vm;[ kawG;NyD; , lusHK;r&jzpfrdao;onf/ odkYajy;&i f;vTm;&i f;ESi fhyi fi bESi fholYt azmfwdkYrSm&efukefNrdKU
BuD;odkYajc&mcscJhMuavonf/
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qdkaomfvnf; b, fae&ma&mufa&muf*gwf0dki f;xJrSyi frxGuf&aomaMumi fhNrdKUqdkonfrSmola&mufzl;aom
cdki fNrdKUuav;ESi fhbmrQrjcm;[ kxi frdonf/ , ckrSNrdKU\ t aet xm;t aMumi f;udkaocsmpGmodonf/
pdwfxJ Armjynfqdkwmt us, fBuD;yguvm;/ b, foGm;oGm; v, fjyi fBuD;rsm;ESi fhw, fNrdKi fyguvm;?
onfhuavmufBuD;us, fNrdKi fqdki faomavmuBuD;wGi fi gwdkYv, form;\ jzpfaxGrSmat mufusaemufus
SdvSacs\ wum;[ kw&m;oHa0 , lrdavonf/
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onf/ blwmrSt xGufarQmfMunfh&ma&Tawmi fBuD; rdk;odkYpGi fh aeonfrSmol wpfcgwkef;u t dyfrufzl;aom
a&Twd*Hkbk&m;ESi fhwax&mwnf; wlaeojzi fhpdwfMunfEl;rdonf/ blwm0rS&yf vuft kyfcsDNyD;vQi f t dk
t ao jyKvdkufonf/ jzpfav&mb0rSmv, form; jyef rjzpfygapESi fh?"eSi f0g' udkb, folu raumi f;
bl;ajymajymjzpf&mb0wdki f;rSm"eSi fjzpfygapaom0f[ k 0rf;xJu usdwf qkawmi f;vdkufao;onf/
vrf;rrSae bk&m;udkt mHkjyK&onfrSmt m;r&/ wdkufBuD;wmBuD;awGudkai ;arQmfMunfh&i f; bk&m;wufOD;
armi fxi f ib


rnf[ kMuHvdkuf\ / ygvmaomt azmfudkwdki fyi f&mavmavmq, fwnf;zdkYcdkzdkYae&mSm&efESi fht drfjyef&ef
t wGuf avSoabFmwdkYt oGm;t vmudkpHkprf;&efu Sdaeao;aomaMumi fhaqGbk&m; rsdK;bk&m;xHeufNzefrS
oGm;awmhrnf[ kqHk;jzwfcsufcsNyD;vQi fprf;acsmi f;zufodkYESpfOD;om; ajcOD;vSnfhvmMuav \ /
vrf; armfawmfum;ysuf?armfawmfum;pkwfwdkYw&Murf;armi f;vmonfudkaSmi f&onfrSmt arm
yi f/ t vHjzL?t vHjym?t vH0g?t vHpdrf;wdkYjzi fhrGrf;rHjc, fvS, fxm;aomarmfawmfum; t opfpufpufBuD;
wdkYuvnf; usufoa&SdvSygay\ / xdkarmfawmfum;xJwGi ft NrdKi fhom; xdki f vdkufMuaom]em;zmuavmf}
' Gm' &mppf0wfwefqmt jynfht pHkESi fhqi f, i fxm;aom*syefppfAdkvfwdkYudk jri fvdkuf&jyefvQi f um;\
usufoa&rSm&mcdki fEIef; udk;q, fhudk;cefYavsmhyg;oGm;onf[ ki b rSwfcsufcsrd\
qdkaomt 0, 0wyd@wwdkYudkvnf; t awmfoabmaygufrdonf/
awmi fai ;ajrmufai ; avQmufvm t wefc&D;a&mufaomfajrmufbufqDrSacG;t loHvdkt oHoJhoJh
Mum;&onf/ vrf;oGm;vrf;vmwdkYvnf; vIyfvIyfSm;Sm;jzpfvmonf/ xdkt oHESi fhwpfqufwnf; awmi frS
onfvnf;aumi f;? t aSUrSonfvnf;aumi f;? t aemufrSonfvnf;aumi f;? acG;t loHt oD;oD;wdkYrSmwcJ
euf ay:xGufvm&mi bESi fholYt azmfonf ]urmysufcgeD;rSa, mi fwD;a, mi fw vljzpf&aom}oluJhodkY
b, fudkoGm; bmudkvkyf&rnfrodat mi f jzpfaeMuukef\ / t wefMumrSa, muf, ufcwfjzpfaepOf wpHk
wpfa, mufaomolu . . . ]]a[ h. . . OMoqGJaewmrMum;bl;vm; . . . ri fht ar av, mOfysHawGvmNyD. .}}
[ kcsdKom, Ofaus;pGmowday;rSavaMumi f;t csufay;onfqdkonfrSm' gyJudk;[ koabmaygufoGm;NyD;
eD;&musi f; 0yfaeav\ /
av, mOfysHoHwdkYrSmodrfhodrfhjrnf vmonf/ i vsi fawmfvJoHESi fhcyfqi fqi f/ ajrNydKonfqdkonf
rSm' grsdK;udkac:onf xi fyg&JU/ t oHBuD;udku aori f;ac:oHBuD;ESi fhwlvdkufav/ pOf;pm; aumi f;wkef;
0kef;?TD?*avmi f?*avmi fjrnfaomAHk;rsm;onfodMum;ri f;\ 0&ZdefvufeufpHcsdefudkcsdK;&efaumi f;ui frS
pdkufqi f;vmonf/ i bu onfwpfcgrSyJ udpacsmawmhrnf[ kat mufarhNyD; rMumrDawmom; v, form;
b0rS 0#fuRwf&rnfrdkY 0rf;yi fvQi f omvdkuf&rvdkvdk jzpfoGm;ao;onf/ 0kef;[ l jrnfaomAHk;oH
Mum;&jyefawmhvnf; ua, mi fuwrf;jzi fhorKa' udkGwfrdao;onf/ 0#fuRwfcsi f\ qdkaomfvnf; ao&
rSmawmht aMumufom;/
0kef;oHrsm; qi fhuJqi fhuJ Mum;&\ / Mum;&wdki f; Mum;&wdki f; i b olY&i fbwfudkprf;MunfhNyD; pwk
r[ m&mZf?wm0wom?rm, m?okwdom?edrme&wd?y&dedrdw?yo0wD[ laomewfjynfajcmufxyfwGi f
b, ft xyfa&mufaeNyDenf;[ kawmi fajrmufarQmfMunfhrdao;onf/ acgi f;?udk, f?ajc?vufwdkYudkprf;oyf
MunfhNyD;rScEmudk, fESi fht oufvi frSwfrSwfom;rSwfrSwfaygi f;vsufSdaeao;onf[ kawGY&rSudk, fhudk, fudk
pdwfcsrdonf/
t oHvnf;pJ?rD;cdk;vHk;rsm;vnf; wufvmonf/ rD;owfpufacgi f;avmi f;oHrsm; Mum;&\ / wGi f;
xJrSrxGuf0Hhao;aomfvnf; av, mOfysHoHESi fha0; t &JpGefYumacgi f;jyLMunfh\ / "mwfodjzpfaom(0g)
rodwwf aMumuf&rSef;rodaomNrdKUolNrdKUom;t csdKUwdkYrSmAHk;usi f;xJrSxumudk, fhvrf;udk, foGm;vsuf
SdMu\ / i buvnf; zkwfzufcg xNyD;vQi f . . . ]]uJ . . . udk, fhvl . . . oabFmqdyf t a&mufom
ajy;MupdkY. . . }}[ kt azmfudkwdki fyi f\ / ESpfOD;om; oabmwlnDcsufjzi fhanmi fyi fav;qdyfodkYa&mufaomf
OMoqGJoHMum;&jyef ykef;at mi f;&ef usi f;SmMu&jyef\ / t eD;t em;Sdvlrsm;u av, mOfysH&efrSui f;
vGwfonfht csufay;jci f;rQomjzpfaMumi f; ajymjyawmhrScyfSufSufESi fhpdwfat ;&awmhonf/
armi fxi f ib


xdknt zdkYbkefBuD;vrf; uaZmfqdki faSUwGi f a*:&i f*sD? t l&, mpaomukvm;rsm;ESi fha&maESmum
wpfnt dyfNyD;aemuf rdk;vi f;onfht cgyxrqHk;xGufaomoabFmESi fh&efukefNrdKUBuD;rScGmxGuf vmcJhav
onf/
t i f; . . . "eSi fwdkYwnfaxmi fwJhavmuqdkwmw, faMumufp&maumi f;ygvm;udkU/ apmapmu
arhNyD; "eSi ft jzpfqkawmi f;rdonf/ bk&m;xH]bGm}cwfvdkYrS&yghOD;rvm;/ r[ m*kP mawmfBuD;rm;aom
bk&m;Si fonf i gvdkawmom;rsdK; pum;rSm;wmudkaAGr, lwefaumi f;ygbl;/ okdYaomf vdkvdkr, fr, f jyefNyD;
qkawmi f;OD;rSyJ/
qdyfurf;ucGmaomf aTawmi fvdkrdkYarmuf wi fhw, fpGmpHy, fvsufSdaomav;ql"gwfyHkaTwd*Hk
apwDawmfjrwfBuD;t m; t a0;rSi b xi fvi f;pGmzl;ajrmf&av\ / xdkYaMumi fhoabFmay:rS&orQae&m
av;udkukwfjcpfNyD;t &vkumbk&m;Si ft m; uefawmhvdkufav\ / yg;pyfuvnf; wdk;wdk;Gwf\ / olGwf
onfht csufum; yxrqkawmi f;udk jyi fqi fcsuft qdkoGi f;jci f;rQom jzpf\ / xdkjyi fqi fcsufrSmvnf;
' kwd, rdqkawmi f;onfht csdefrSp t wnfjyKyg&efbk&m;Si ft m; av;eufpGmyefMum;cJhavonf/
vrf;c&D; av;i g;&ufrQMumaomfqdyfBuD;ukef;GmodkYa&mufavownf;/
awmGm naeckESpfem&DausmfvQi f t csdefrawmf[ k, lqonf/ i b Gmjyefa&mufcsdefrSmn 10
em&Domomjzpf&um; t vGefyi ft csdefrawmfawmhNyD/ xdkYaMumi fhrdazmhwdkYom;t rdaexdki f&mO, smOfodkYt ajy;
t vTm;oGm;vdkvSaomfvnf; vrf; ui f;orm;t oD;oD;\ t ppft aq; t ar;t jref; cHae& awmfawmfESi fh
t drfra&mufEdki f/ t drfa&mufjyefyguvnf; onft csdefSdu rdazmhwdkYom;t rd t dyfarmusaeua&maygh/
[ i f . . . EdkYayr, fhO, smOf0i f;wHcg;0u vSrf;Munfhvdkufyg?t drfom;awGrt dyfao;wJht jyi f rdef;rawGu
vnf; rsm;vScsnfh/ bmrsm; vkyfaeMuwmwkef;?rdazmhrrmvdkYvm;/ vi fhpdwfeJYrD;, yf0rf;rsm; jyefjzpfae
ava&mhovm;/
rdef;rwpfawG&, foHMum;vdkuf&onf/ rdazmht oHvnf; a&maESm ygvmonf/ t i f; . . .
wefawmh?csufBuD;eJYrdeDudp[ mckrSyJNyD;ajrmufawmhonf/ ae&musvdkufavudkU/ om;orD;awGpkpka0;a0;
eJY, ckvdkt drfjyefa&mufawmhvnf; v, form;pnf;pdrf[ mw, fvdkYyi ft &omxl;yguvm;/
0i f;wHcg;udkt oHrMum;at mi f t omqGJzGi fh\ / 0i f;wHcg;qdk MuD;MuD;us, fus, f rrSwfoi fh/
NcHwdki fESpfwdki f t v, fazgufNyD; Muaomi f;0g;vQdK xm;av&mpi fppfawmhonfvdkwHcg;rsdK;udkt oHrMum;
at mi ft omqGJzdkYrvdk/ i bu olYr, m;udkola&mufwmrodapyJjAKef;pm;BuD; t Hht m;oi fhat mi fvla, mi fjy
csi fonfhaZmu rTefoGm; t omqGJzGi fhjci f; jzpfonf/ olYt drfbufqDudkavQmufonfyi fvQi f ajcz0g;udk
azmh ei f;onf/ t drfem;a&mufjyefawmhaomufa&t dk;pi ft em;rSmarSmi f&dyfcdkNyD; t &dyft qi fMunfhonf/
t jyi frSmrdef;rav;i g;a, mufaq;ayghvdyfaomuf&i f; olrsm;t wi f;awGxdki fajymaeMuonf/ rdeD
t dyfcef;rSmrD;xGef;xm;onf/ acgi f;&i f;buf uav;rsm; pD t dyfaeonf/ pum;ajymaeaomrdef;r
t pkxJrSwpfa, mufu uav;awGjci frudkufat mi f , yfcwfay;aeonf/ t cef;wGi f;rSt oHwpfckxGuf
vmonf/
]]b, hfES, fuG, f. . . ' efU' vGefjrpfaoG;aomufvdkYrSr&bl;qdkawmhnnf;[ mu r[ kwfao;ygbl; .
. . aMumufaMumufeJYraomufyJ xm;a&mhovm;at h. . . }}[ laomrdef;rBuD;wpfa, muf\ t oH
jzpfonf/
armi fxi f ib


t oHoJhoJhuav;u wpfcGef;ESpfcGef; ajymvdkufonf/ i b aumi f;pGmrMum;&/ odkYaomfrdeDt oHudk
usufrdonf/
i ghorD; bmrsm;jzpfygvdrfh[ kpdwfxJu xi fhueJav;oGm;onf/
]]ei f;csv[ Jh. . . ei f;cs. . . b, fhES, fawmfvufonfvkyfvmwmt ESpfoHk;q, fSdNyD. . . ' Dvdk
t cuft cJrsdK;us&i fusKyfvkyfay;vdkufwmcsnfhyJrSwf. . . }}
b, fhES, f . . . b, fhES, f . . . t vdk. . . t vdk. . . csufBuD;eJYae&musr, fhusawmhvnf;
' Dt ajcawmi frSa&mufaeNyDvm;/ r[ kwfao;ygbl;/ i gacR;wyfrSmaecJhwmajcmufvrSrjynfhyJ/
]]t r, f. . . rdazmh&, f. . . *syefvufxufusrSae&mrusbl;qdk&i fusKyfbmcHrvJawmh. . .
nnf;vJ t odom;yJ . . . [ dkyi fpi f&pmoi fhorD;av;wHk;u olYt azu oabmrwlbl;qdkvdkYckESpfv
ausmfNyD. . . arG;r, fqdkarG;Edki fNyDaygh. . . EdkYayr, fhaumi frav;a, mufsm;u bkef;BuD;vlxGuft ouf
av;q, fausmfrdYkSufoav;bmav;eJYusKyfudkt vkyfcdki f;zdkYvmac:wmuvm; . . . olwdkYu pmoi fqdk
awmhrdazmhwdkYvdkr[ kwfbl;at h. . . udef;BuD;cef;BuD;eJYP ft rsm;wwfom; . . . ' gaMumi fhusKyfu
ydkufqHvufxJ a&mufNyD;rSvdkufw, f. . . t Jh' geJY[ dka&mufawmhaeYaphvaphBuD;eJYrdkYrvG, fwmeJYyJ ZGwf
t wi f; ei f;cswmuvm; . . . }}
i bonfpum;awGudkArmpum;jzpfvsufaumi f;pGmem;rvnf/ em;a0wdrfawmi fjzpfoGm;onf/
onft xJrSmpum;ajymolu olYavoHudkodrf;NyD; cyfwdk;wdk;ajymonf/
]]t rav; . . . t jyi fa&mufrS]t Jh}vdkYat mfvdkufao;oawmh. . . usKyfu acgi f;t Hk;ay: t rSwfwrJh
rodcsi fa, mi faqmi fNyD; arSmufcsxm;vdkufw, f . . . NyD;awmhrS[ dk[ m' D[ mvkyfovdkvdkeJY uGrf;
wpf, mnufavmuf t csdefjzKef;vdkufw, fqdk&i fyJ vSefMunfhawmhuav;t oufrSdbl; . . . olBuD;t drf
a&mufawmha[ m. . . t vG, fuav;&, f. . . zGm;aopm&i f;xJrSm]avQmarG;}vdkYxnfhvdkufwmayghat h. .
. }}
t oHwdwf oGm;onf/ qeft dwfudkrEdki fhwEdki fnpf xrf;aeaomt oHrsdK;uJhodkYt d-t d-t d-t d[ l
aomt oHaysmhuav;wpfckay:xGufvmonf/
]]at mi fhxm; orD;&, f. . . at mi fhxm; . . . }}[ kwpfa, mufu qdkonf/ ]]ulvJnpfay;rSayghat h
. . . }}[ kwpfa, mufu ajymonf/
]]t D;-t D;-t i fh. . . t rav; . . . t ar&, f. . . rcHEdki fbl; . . . uRefrawmht oufxGufawmhr, f
. . . }}
]]at mi fhxm; vHkrav; . . . at mi fhxm; . . . *syefoufjyi f;vSw, f qdkayr, fhi geJYawGY&i f rcH
Edki fygbl; . . . }}
i b acR;wyfpcef;rSmwkef;u waeYus&i f*syefudkcHcs&rnf[ laomvufodyfxdk;0g' jzefYjci f;udkMum;
zl;onf/ {uErdazmhwdkYom;t rdi gh' kut aMumi f;awGudkewfaumi f;ewfjrwfrsm;u t oday; *syefudk
awmfvSefa&; vkyfaewmvm;[ kacgi fNyD; awG;vdkufonf/
armi fxi f ib


]]t rav; . . . [ D; . . . [ D; . . . [ D; . . . [ D; . . . }}
rdeDrcsdrqefYnnf;vdkufoHjzpfaMumi f; i b t aot csmodonf/ t onf;ESvHk;rsm;udkvSHpGyfESi fh
axmufvdkufovdk&i fxJ at mi fhoGm;onf/
]]t J. . . t J. . . ' grS. . . acgi f;vnfvmNyD. . . xGufNyDa[ h. . . xGufNyD. . . jrefjreft i fwHk, lcJh
. . . }}
t jyi fu pum;ajymaeaomrdef;rawGkwfkwf&uf&uf vIyfSm;oGm;onf/ wpfOD;u t i fwHk0i fydkY
onf/ aq;oHaMumoHawGMum;&onf/ rdazmhu wpfawmi frSdwSdt xkyfuav;udkt omydkufNyD; t cef;rS
xGufvmonf/
i b rat mi fhEdki fawmhNyD/ arSmi f&dyfcdk&mrSt vi f;odkYxGufvmonf/ zdeyfcRwfavSum;&i f;aSU &yf
vdkufonf/ rdazmhuvnf; zdeyfcRwfrSvTm;ceJckeft qi f; &i fqdki fwdk;rdonf/
rdazmhu t xkyfuav;ydkufNyD; wat mi fhavmufrSi foufaerdonf/ ]]bolvJ}}[ kai gufqwfqwf
ar;vdkufonf/ 0rf;qGJonft a' :BuD;ESi fhwuGrdef;rav;i g;a, mufuvnf; rD;cGufudkvufum t drfaSU
bufodkYvSrf;Munfhonf/ 0rf;qGJonft a' :BuD;u vlqdk;qdkvQi ft oi fhjzpfapat mi ft eD;Sdri f;wkyfudkrsuf
apmi f;xdk;Munfhonf/
]][ Jh. . . ' gbolvJ. . . }}
]]i gyg[ Jh. . . }}
rdazmht aMumi fom; ai ;aejyef\ /
]][ Jh. . . i gygvdkYqdkaewm. . . rdazmh. . . vludkaoaocsmcsmMunfhprf;ygOD; . . . }}
]]t rav; . . . ' DrSm. . . awmf . . . awmf b, fwkef;u a&mufovJ . . . orD;a&U. . .
nnf;t azawmha&mufvmNyD[ JhorD;&JU. . . }}[ kajym&i f;qdk&i f; i dkoHygvmNyD;vQi ft xkyfBuD;udkuAsm
uoD0Suf aemufaz;awmwef; i SufaysmHkxJodkYokwfoD;okwfjymESi fhajy;0i fav \ / i bum; em;rvnfEdki f
aomt rlt &mjzi fhusef&pfcJh\ /
i bonfpdwfrSi f;ojzi fh&i fuvnf;rvi f;acs/ jzpforQt aMumi f;udpwdkYudkem;rvnf/ rdef;razmf
awGrSmodolvnf;yg?rodolvnf; ygojzi fhbmudkb, fvdkpNyD; b, folYar;&rSef; rodaomaMumi fh&i f
av;av;ESi fhyi fvQi ft drfay: vSrf; wufcJhav\ /

.. -,
--._._

--- _.-.._-.-. .-.-.._..- .=--_. ...-_.__.-_ =-- .
~=.... .._.- .._-.- .-._-- .._..- _.-.-- .._..
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----. ,-..-.-.._-.- --....-._ _.._----_---_.
--- -...._..-. .,.- ,.,..--_- .,--.-._.. .---- .- --.
._.._.- .-.-. ,-._.._. .... .-...._.._. ---.-. .,-.-... =--.
-...- =-- -......_-.- _...._._.-_ ,--..- .,.-...
--..-. -.._.._. .-_-.- .- --.-_..-.._.. -.--.. ._-..
.-._.. ---..-..-. .-_-._ .-_-._.-_-- .-.-... ...-_..-.
_..-.._. _-=-- -....-.-.- ...._-._-....... .,.-.-._.. ...- ..
...-...- ,...-..- .-.-...-.._.
armi fxi f ib


onf[ mawGudkawG;aevQi fpdwfarmHkyi fSdrnf/ i bu olcP cP ajymavhSdaomv, form;[ m
v, fvkyfpm;&rSmyJ? udk, frvkyfEdki fvQi f b, folurSvmauR;Edki frnfr[ kwf[ laom0g' t &udk, fht vkyf
udk, fvkyfNyD; ukyfukyfuav; aevdkufcsi fonf/ xdkYjyi f, ckwpfavmvGwfvyfNyD?vGwfvyfNyDajymajymNyD;
acR;wyfuvnf; t vGefqGJonf/ vGwfvyfaomavmuxJrSmpum;awmi f avoHESi fhrajymEdki fawmhNyD/
&Jt zGJYaMumuf&? 0efxrf;aMumuf&? aus;Gmacgi f;aqmi faMumuf&? *syefaMumuf&ESi fh waMumufxJ
aMumufae&onfrSm vufpGyfuGi f;NyD;0wf&onfh ausmufrsdK;qdkvQi f *syefawGvdkcsi faom wdki f;jynfudk
arwmodvdkufNyD;0, fay;vdkufcsi fyg&JU?' grSonfppfBuD; qHk;cef;wdki fa&mufrnf/
xdkYaMumi fhOD;oma*gi fBuD;qDt usdK;oi fht aMumi f;oi fhajymNyD; i b v, fuGi f;xJqi f; udk, fhZmwf
udkudk, fjrKyfaevdkufonf/
ae&m i bt aMumi f; qHk;cef;wdki fa&mufygbdrl i bonfewfjynfwufNyD; bk&m;yGJvSnfh&ovdk
t aysmfBuD;aysmfrdayrnf/ t u, fpi fppfolYZmwfvrf;SnfBuD; NyD;qHk;ygavp/ aMomf. . . rNyD;ao;/
i b v, fuGi f;xJrSmEGm;ESi fht wlkef; ykZGefvHk;?*P ef;uspfpmwdkYESi fhrdwfaqGzGJYNyD; AGufxJ v[ m
jyi fxJrSmpdwfat ;vufat ;aepOfvGwfvyfa&;at mi fyGJaeYBuD;&ufBuD;rsm; rBuHKzl;at mi ft avsmft pm;rsm;
aomzJ0dki f;BuD;rsm;?Muuf0dki f;BuD;rsm; jzpfyGm;onfrSmESpfcgSdoGm;NyD/ xdkESpfESpft wGi f; SdpkrJhpkt 0wft pm;
wdkYudk"m;jyrsm;ESi fhomwlnDrQpepft &cGJa00wf&aomaMumi fhcsnfMurf;eHi , fydki f;udkcg;rSrcs&awmhNyD/
rdazmhESi fhrdeDwdkYrSmxbD&i fvsm;ESi fhomaecJh&avNyD/ usef ykpkckwdkYudkrl THUnGHrsm;jzi fhomwefqmqi fcJh&
avonf/
odkYaomf i brSmpdwfrysuf/ ESpfpOfESpfwdki f; v, fudkomrJNyD;vkyfonfht wGuf 0rf;pmavmufawmh
pm;&ygonf/ acwfysufBuD;xJrSmrSefrSefpm;&vQi f armi fuHaumi f;[ kqdkNyD; vufcarmi f;rsm;yi f x cwf
Edki fonf/
, ck1306- 1307 ckESpft wGufv, frsm; &dwfodrf;NyD;NyD/ wefaqmi frkef; ewfawmfaumufavSmf
pm;NyD; jymodkwydkYwGJwGi fxreJrsm;yi fxdk;cJh&avNyD/
xdkvrsm;wGi f at ;csrf;bdjci f;? om, mbdjci f;? urmBuD;at ;csrf;rnfhedrdwfavvm; rajymwwf/
avawmi frSji drfcsufom;aumi f;vSonf/ avNi drfvGef; pyg; t avSY&awmi frSwpf&ufESi fhNyD;zdkYoHk;av;
&ufMumonf/
avNi drfvGef;awmhvnf; avayGxwwfonf/
vGwfvyfaomt csKyft jcm t mP mydki fArmEdki fi HawmfBuD;vnf; wkyfwkyfrQrvIyfawmhyguvm;/
ppfowi f;uav;awmi frSem;pGefem;zsm; rMum;&/ r[ mrdwfedyGefawGt dEd, qdkwJhukvm;jynfxJrSmukvm;
v, form;awGudkvufonf;cGHETmNyD; acR;wyf qGJaeNyDvm;/ *syefawGuawmh' DESpf ppfBuD;NyD;at mi f wdkuf
rnfqdkonf/ jrefjrefNyD; jrefjrefat ;rSmyJ/ , ckvdkrwi frusESi fhae&onfrSmbmvdkvdkSdonf/
waygi f;vvnf; uyf vmNyD/ onfvrdkYa&mufvmvQi fw, fNyD; ylyguvm;/ jyu' defu q, fhESpf
vxJrSmonfvudkausmfoGm; r&aybl;vm;/
armi fxi f ib


i bonf GmESi fht qufa0;aeonf qdkaomfvnf; yi fv, furf;dk;wef;ESi fheD;aeaomaMumi fh
yi fv, furf;dk;wef; umuG, fa&;ESi fhywfoufaomvufHk;wyfom;rsm;ESi fhrl t qufrui f;ay/ oludk, fwdki f
url *syefqdkvQi f t vdkvdkvefY aeaomaMumi fhurf;dk;wef;wyfpcef;odkUa0;a0;u aSmi fMuOfae&onf/
wpfaeYaomfol\ wynfhwyef;wdkYvufHk;wyfrSjyefvmonfESi fhawGU owi f;rsm;&vdkufrdonf/ ppfowi f;
rsm;udk]]rMum;&MumavNyD?av;v&moD}}[ kyi fqdk&ji m;aomfvnf; Mum;rnfhMum;&jyefaomfolYt xi fESi fh
uGmjcm;vSonf/ waygi f;vcgawmfrDqlqlylyljzpfOD;rnfqdkyguvm;/ *syefawGukvm;jynfodrf;awmhrnf
vdkvdkESi fh, ckt *Fvdyf?t ar&duefrsm; jyefvmawmhrnfwJh/ Armhwyfrawmfuvnf; *syefudkcHcsaeNyDqdk/
awmom;qdkawmhb, foi f;b, f[ m, Hk&rSef;vJrodygbl;/
*syefudkcHcszdkYi b oabmwlonf/ cHcsonfht xJ ol ygvdkufcsi fonf/ odkYaomf awmom;i rGJu
bmrsm; wwfEdki frSmwHk;/ udk, fhv, fuGi f;rSmudk, fat ;at ;aewmyJ aumi f;rnf/ waygi f;vqdkawmhaoG;ql
wkef;vrdkYvdkYcP yef; qlqlylyljzpfwmygyJ/ NyD;vQi fNyD;oGm;rSmyJ/ t Jonf"rwmuawmhi gwdkYArmhxHk;pHyJ/
i b at ;at ;aecsi fonfqdkayod, ckacwfBuD;u at ;at ;aer&aomacwfjzpfaeNyD/ udk, fhv, f
xJrSmudk, fhwJESi fhudk, f aeygvsufu, fESi fht aMumi f;qHkvmjyefawmhvnf; {nfhonfwpfa, muf wdk;vm&
ao;onf/
xdk{nfhonfrSmvufrcHbJaeaumi f;aom{nfhonfr[ kwf/ i b t usOf;cH&pOfu t ult nDt rsm;
qHk;ay;aomol jzpfonf/ ol t &i fu &Jt zGJYrSm&Jom;jzpfonf/ , ckawmhcdki f&JAdkvfr;ESi fhrwnfh
t vkyfu cGi fh, lvmwmvdkYajymwmyJ/ awmrSm bmaMumi fhvmcdkw, f qdkwmudkrl i b rar;rd/
, HkMunfrdwJhaemufar;p&mvJrvdk[ koabmxm;NyD; {nfhonfoci frsdK;nGefUudkvufcHonf/
oci frsdK;nGefYu i bt m; *syefrsm; rnfodkYESdyfpufyHkudk odcsi f vnf;aumi f;? t oufqHzsm;
xdwfp&m aumi f;aomaMumi fhvnf;aumi f; cP cP ar;onf/ *syefacwfrSm auseyf&JUvm;?
pdwfcsrf;om&JUvm;[ kvnf; cP cP pum;pyfwdki f;awmufMunfhonf/ i bu dk;dk;yi f rauseyfonfudk
rauseyf[ kajymonf/
]]udki bBuD;u odyfdk;wmudk; . . . rauseyfayr, fhrauseyfbl;vdkYwdkufdkufrajym&bl;As. . .
wu, fvdkYusKyfu *syefolvQdKjzpfae&i fci fAsm;awmh*syeft zrf;cH&OD;rSmyJ. . . }}
]]' gawmharmi fhudk, HkvdkYajymwmyJ. . . }}
]]usKyfvdkvlrsdK;udkb, fhES, faMumi fh, Hk&wmvJ . . . uRefawmfwdkY[ mudki bwdkYawGYzl;? jri fzl;?
Mum;zl;wJhA[ kokwrsdK;eJYui f;rJhwJhvli , fwpfpkyJ. . . vli , fqdkwmaSUaemufwdki f;xGmaewmr[ kwfbl; . .
. pdwfxJrSmrw&m;wmawGYvdkYrcHcsi f&i f xvkyfwwfzdkYavmufyJ odw, f . . . rSm;aomrSefaom
em;rvnfbl; . . . ' g[ mwdki f;jynfaumi f;r, fxi f&i fvkyfvdkufwmyJ. . . ' DvdkvlrsdK;udkaMumufzdkYaumi f;
w, fvdkYrsm; udki b rawG;rdbl;vm; . . . vlBuD;oabmvdkaSUaemufqi fjci fwwf&i f uRefawmfwdkYvdk
vli , fawGudkb, fhES, f, HkMunf&rSmvJ. . . }}
]]usKyfawmharmi fhvdkt usdK;&, ft aMumi f;&, f zGJYEGJYrajymwwfbl; . . . usKyfwdkYawmom;t jri feJY
ajym&&i fvli , fqdkwmt wG, ft wmoHa, mZOfrNi dao;wJhvlwpfrsdK;yJ. . . ' DawmhoHa, mZOfci fwG, fNyD;
wpfudk, faumi f;BuHwJhoabmeJYvlBuD;rsm;vdkrnpfywfwwfao;bl; . . . rSefwmajzmi fhwmavmufyJ
vkyfwwfao;w, f. . . ' gaMumi fhusKyf, HkMunfwmyJ. . . }}
armi fxi f ib


]]t i f; . . . ci fAsm;wdkYawmom;qdkwmvlrSef&i f udk, fhvdkoabmjzLt lpi f;csnf;yJvdkYoabmxm;
wmyJ. . . ' gaMumi fht ESyfcH&wm. . . usKyfrdkYvdkYyJAsdKU. . . ' Dhjyi fvleJYqdk' kuyJ. . . }}
]]t J' Dvdkoabmdk;eJYa[ ma[ m' dki f;' dki f;BuD;ajymvdkYrScH&&i fvJ0#fuRwfNyDayghoci frsdK;nGefY&, f. . . }}
]]uJ. . . usKyfudkwpfu, f, Hk&i fwpfckzGi fhajymr, faemf. . . usKyf[ mawmfvSefa&;orm; yJ. . . }}
i bu awmfvSefa&;[ laoma0g[ m&udkawmom;wdkY\ t bd"mefwGi f Smr&ojzi fhoci frsdK;nGefYu
*syefcHcszdkY[ kt "dym, fjyefvdkufrSoabmaygufoGm;onf/
Armhpdwf"mwfonf t vGefqef;onf/ zdvQi f<u ei f;vQi f zm;jyKwfBuD;rsm;uJhodkYukef; xwwf
onf/ i b wpfoufwmrSm*syefudkonfwpfcgyJ awGYzl;ao;onf/ awGYvdkuforQuav;rSmaMumufp&m
t wdomjzpf i b wu, faMumufrdygonf/ rdrd jrufckwf"m;omSd *syef pufaoewfSdonf/
Armjynf vlOD;a&q, fhb, fESpfoef;qdkvJSdonf[ kMum;zl;ygonf/ *syefjynfrSmoef;aygi f;wpfaxmi fSd
onf[ kacR;wyfu ]rmpwm}rsm; <um;vHk;xkwfwmawGudkvnf; Mum;zl;em;0Sdygonf/ Armvnf;jzpfjyef?
t m;enf;aomv, form;vnf; jzpfjyefqdkaomaMumi fht efwkonfht vkyfrSmvG, fulonfr[ kwfyg/ Armu
oem;nmwmpdwf Sdonf/ *syefu Murf;MuKwf&ufpufonf/ wu, fwrf; pm;csi f;pm;vQi f bDvl;uom
vludkpm;rnf/ vlu bDvl;udkpm;dk;xHk;pHrSd/ b, fbufu pOf;pm;pOf;pm; udk, fu wyef;IH;aeonf
csnf;yi fr[ kwfavm/ odkYaomf. . . ]]wu, fajymaewmvm; . . . }}[ ki bu at ;at ;ar;\ /
]]aMomf . . . ' Dpum;rsdK;[ mt jyuft jyufajym&wJhpum;rsdK;rSr[ kwfyJ . . . AdkvfcsKyfu vjynfh
aeYudk&ufcsdef;ay;vdkufNyDAsmh. . . t J' DaeYwu, fhudkxcsawmhrSm. . . }}
]]pdrfvdkuf. . . }}[ ki bu at ;at ; ajymonf/
i bwdkYvdkvlpm;rsdK;udkxl;xl;axGaxGqG, fw&m;a[ maevQi f avukefHkSdrnf/ vufwdkYvdkufvQi f
NyD;rnfht vkyfyi f jzpfonf/ olwumwdkYt apmfum;? t ESdyfpuf? t zdpD;wdkYudkpdk;pOf;rQcHvdkpdwf rSdonfh
vlrsdK;udk*syefwdkYu zdaxmi f;vdkufonfrSmvlyg;r0 jzpfonf/ vdrma&;jcm;SdNyD; yg;eyfaomvlrsdK;wdkYurl
Armjynf i bwdkYudk acsmhajrmufNyD; aygi f;wwfMuonf/ onfvdkvlyg;0olwdkYESi fhawGYjyefawmhvnf;
udk, fht drfrSmrSdrJhSdrJhuav;ESi fhyi f auR;arG;t drfwi fxm;Hkru uRefcHNyD; olYt vkyfudkvkyfay;wwfonf/
xdkYaMumi fhvnf; {nfh0wfausyGefonfhvlrsdK;[ kurmrSmausmfMum;cJhavonfr[ kwfavm/
xdkt csdef xdkt cgrSp oci frsdK;nGefYESi fht vQdKt vQdKacsmi f;BudKacsmi f;Mum;u ay:xGufvmaom
i bv, fuGi f;SdrsdK;cspfArmwdkYonfvQdKU0SufaompmcsKyfwpfckudki b\ wJt dkysuf csKyfqdkvdkufMuonf/
xdkpmcsKyfygpum;t &rSmoci frsdK;nGefYonf zdk;vS[ k wGi fap/ awmfvSefa&;orm;wdkYudk *syef
ar;jref;vQi fa&i kHaeap?*syefwdkYudkEdki favmufvQi f0g;&i f;wkwfjzi fhvnf;aumi f;?ESpfzufcRefjzi fhvnf;aumi f;
okwfoi fap [ lavowwf/
vri f;onf rdazmht ysdKb0u oeyfcg;bJMum;dkufxm;aomrsufESmBuD;vdk0dki f;0dki f;pufpuf vSyg
ayonf/ avmuBuD;onfvnf; rdazmhESi fhnm;cgpnuvdkomom, m, mSdvSygayonf/ jrpfBuD;{&mxJrS
yi fv, fa&jyi fonfvnf; va&mi fat mufwGi fvJhvJh0i f;vsufSdygayonf/
armi fxi f ib


i bavSmfvmaomavSuav;vnf; w[ J[ JESi fhjrefvSonf/ wufukefokwfvdkufonfht cgrsm;
wGi favSaemufrSa&yef;xonfrSmydk;pkef;MuL;rsm; t rQi fwef;vsufvdkufygvmouJhodkYSdonf/ jrpfBuD;ab;
wpfzufwpfcsufSdvrkyi f?uepdkyi f?orJhyi f?jAL;yi f?Adki f;a' gi fhyi fwdkYrSmqdwfNi drfpGmajErysuf aeMu
onf/ awmi favvmrSomvQi f b, fnm, drf; pum;wD;wdk;ajymaeMuonf/ us, fus, fajymvQi f *syef
Mum;rSmpdk; ayavmrod/ oufrJhopfyi fwdkYonfyi fvQi f enf;jzi fhi b\ t vkyfudkwdk;wdk;wdwfwdwf
usdwf t m;ay;aeMubdouJhodkY/
avSOD;rSaoewfuJhodkYrnf;rnf;t &m0wKwpfckudkudki fumt om0yf vlwpfa, mufvnf; vdkuf
ygvmonf/ acsmi f;OD;wdkwpfckodkYa&mufaomfxdkrxi frSm;aomo@mefu aemufodkYvSnfh ajymonf/
]]t J' Dacsmi f;OD;wdkxdyfu AsdKufawmyJAsdKU. . . }}
]][ kwfyghrvm; oci frsdK; . . . t Jav zdk;vS&JU. . . ' gu opfawmBudK;0dki f;yJ . . . vlaeEdki fwmrS
r[ kwfyJ. . . }}
]]ci fAsm; rodygbl; . . . t xJrSmvTpi fysufwpfckSdw, f. . . t J' gBudK;0dki f;em;rSmaewJhu&i fawGyJ
odw, f. . . usKyfwdkY&JabmfwpfawGqdkwmu&i fawGyJ. . . ArmxJuawmhusKyfci fAsm;udkcP cP rSmwJh
wyfMuyfuav;AdkvfMu, feDeJYusKyfeJUESpfa, mufxJyJ. . . 0i fprf;Asmjrefjref. . . }}
i bu acsmi f;OD;wdkbufodkYyJhvdkufonf/ ESpfcsufrQwufudkokwfvdkufNyD; avSudkolYt SdefESi fhol
oGm;ap t SdefaoonfESi fhwpfNydKi feufavSOD;udkAsdKufxJar;wi fxm;vdkufonf/ urf;ay:rSvloHk;a, muf
ay:vmonf/ i bpdwfxJrSmaumi f;ui fu bGm;ceJusvmovdkvdkajrxJrSjAKef;ceJ aygufvmovdkvdk
jzpfoGm;onf/ acgi f;BuD;rdonf/
ay:vmolwdkYu aoewfjzi fhcsdef ar;onf/ oci frsdK;nGefYu olYt rnf&i f;udkxkwfazmfat mfvdkuf
onf/
]]uJ. . . &Jabmfa&U. . . vTpi fem;rSmusKyfwdkYu&i f&JabmfawGapmi fhaew, f. . . t csdefrSdbl; . .
. urf;ajcumuG, fa&;wyfpcef;u *syefawGavSormefawGeJYajy;zdkYpDpOfaeNyD. . . t jrefomwufcJhayawmh
. . . AdkvfMu, feDuawmhci fAsm;udkrdk;csKyfNyDqdkuwnf;u arQmfaewmyJ. . . }}
]]olu oef;aumi fvdkYajymwmudk; . . . }}[ kqdk oci frsdK;nGefYurf;ay:odkYckefwufonf/ NyD;vQi f
i bbufodkYvSnfh . . . ]]uJ. . . udki b . . . ci fAsm; ' DnvkyfzdkYu ' gyJ. . . ' Du wdkufyGJjzpfNyD; *syefawG
vdSrfhqi f;vm&i f ci fAsm;v, fuGi f;udkjzwfoGm;vdrfhr, f . . . ar;vm;jref;vm; vkyf&i f a&i HkaezdkYowd
xyfay;yg&ap . . . }}
]]' Dt wGufawmhpdwfcsyg. . . wu, fvdkYusKyfwdkYwpfawGudk' kuay;&i fb, fvdkt aMumi f;Mum;&
rvJ. . . }}
]]t qufjywfoGm;vdrfhr, f xi fw, f . . . u&i f&JabmfawGvmaumi f;vmrSmyJ . . . t J' Dawmh
Munfhvkyf. . . ' DuGi f;em;u u&i frSef&i fusKyfwdkYeJYt qufcsnf;yJ . . . , Hk, HkMunfMunfwdki fyi fvkyfMu
aya&mh. . . }}
]]u&i fqdk&i fjzpfyghrvm; . . . }}
armi fxi f ib


]]vefYvJwmawmh. . . }}[ krdazmhu EIwfcrf;pl ajym&i f; xonf/
]]' dki f;}}[ laomt oHMum;&jyefonf/ onfwpfcgESpfa, mufpvHk;vefY zufxm;Muonf/ uav;
rsm; vefYat mfMuonf/ rdeDvnf;Edk;vm bmjzpfovJ[ kar;onf/ vi fr, m;ESpfa, mufvnf; wJxJ jyef
0i fMuNyD;vQi fuav;acsmholu acsmh?a&wdkufolu wdkufaepOf' uf-' uf-' uf-' uft oHrsm; rdk;rTefat mi f
Mum;&jyefonf/ t eD;t em;wJrSt l&, mrsm;ESi fhvli Sm;rsm;ygi bt drfodkYpkvmMuonf/ i bu pwi f
csukefNyD?odkYaomft wefi , fa0;ojzi fhaMumufp&mrvdkyg?t m;vHk; udk, fhwJudk, fjyeft dyfEdki fygonf[ kppf
ajrjyi fudkt kyfcsKyfaomAdkvfcsKyfBuD;u rdrdEdki faygufjri fae i , fom;wdkYt m; ESpfodrfhonfhavoHrsdK;jzi fhajym
vdkufonf/
xdkn ESpfcsufwD;ausmfrSp MuufOD;wGeft xdt oHrsm; t qufrjywfMum;&onf/ t oHpJav
aomfrSi bESi fhwuGt drfeD;em;csi f;wdkYygt dyfEdki fawmhonf/
armarmESi fht dyfvdkufonfrSmZGef;oH?yef;uefoHMum;rSyi f i b Edk;awmhonf/ rsufpdzGi fhMunfhvdkuf
aomt cgrdazmhwdkYom;t rdt m;vHk; xri f;pm;aeMuonfudkawGY&onf/ rdazmhu i b t dyfa&; 0ygapawmh
[ l rEId;yJxm;jci f; jzpfonf/
i b rsufESmopf&ef xvdkufaomt cgxri f;yGJwGi f rdazmhwdkYom;t rdESi fht wl zdk;vSyg0dki f;xdki fae
onfudkawGY& t Hht m;oi fhoGm;onf/
]]b, fhES, f. . . nuawmhci fAsm; rvmEdki fbl;qdk. . . }}
]]uJ. . . uJ. . . udki bu xri f; 0i fpm;OD; . . . NyD;rSt vkyft aMumi f; ajymr, f. . . }}
xri f;pm;NyD; cHwGi f;csOfajyat mi f aq;vdyfaomufMu&i f; i bESi fhzdk;vSwdkYnu t jzpft ysufudk
pm;NrHKUjyefonf/
]]*syefawGreJbl;AsdKU. . . usKyfwdkYrSef;wmu 20 avmufyJrSef;w, f. . . t ckawmhqdwfBuD;ukef;
Gmapmi fhwyfu ygvmNyD; BudK;0dki f;at mufrSmpkaeMuwmuvm; . . . pdwft xi fwpf&meD;yg;avmufSdr, f.
. . ormefoHk;pi f;eJYt xGufrSmusKyfwdkYbufu t m;vHk;aygi f;rSckESpfa, mufSdw, f . . . t J' DckESpf
a, mufeJYcswmormefESpfpi f;awmhrD;avmi fNyD;oGm;wmyJ . . . *syefawGvJ ukefoavmufyJ . . . usKyfvm
awmht avmi f;awGq, fwkef;yJAsdKU. . . wcsdKUvJ a&useJYyi fv, fxJ ygoGm;rSmygyJ . . . pm&i f;t &awmh
*syeft avmi f; av;q, f&w, f. . . }}
]]u&i fGmpk?ArmGmpkudkwufNyD; cdkaewJht aumi fawGvJ Sdao;w, f . . . u&i feJYArmawmom;
aysmufusm;awGu t Si fzrf;wmu ESpfa, muf?t aozrf;wmu i g;a, mufSdw, f. . . usKyf' Dvmwmu
ormefBuD;wpfpi f;rSm*syefppfAdkvfrsOf;oHk;aMumi f;Mu, fESpfyGi fheJYt aumi fygoGm;w, f. . . awmfvSefa&;eJY
rouFmbl;qdkNyD; usKyfwdkYArmvlBuD;vli , fraG; zrf;oGm;w, fMum;w, f. . . t J' gAdkvfMu, feDu olwdkY
NrdKUwufr, fhvrf;udkyef;NyD; wufoGm;av&JU. . . usKyfuawmh' Dormef ' DuaeYwacsmi facsmi f0i fcdkvdkY
t pt e&&i fowi f; t jrefay;Edki fzdkYxGufvmwmyJ. . . udki bwdkYwJu acsmi fusawmhonfwJudk0i fEdki frSm
r[ kwfbl; . . . ci fAsm;eJYusKyfeJYjrpfBuD;ydk;axmi fhauGYu apmi fhNyD; MunfhMu&at mi f. . . }}
armi fxi f ib


odkYzdk;vSu aemufaMumi f;jyefNyD;aomf ormefBuD;udkjri fvQi f ajcjrefawmfESi fht aMumi f;Mum;&
at mi fvufaG;pi fvlrsm; aG;\ / NyD;aomfjrpfBuD;ydk;bufodkYjzwfvrf;rSzdk;vSESi fhi bwdkYvlpkajcusi foGm;
Buonf/
i bu awmfvSefa&;udprsm; NyD;pD; umvji drfoufonfht cgolygyg0i fqi fETJcJh&aomwdkufyGJ
t aMumi f;udkjyefajymi f;ajymqdk&m xdkaeYu jzwfvrf;rSajcusi favQmufrd omwpfenf; ydkaumi f;onf[ k
qdkavhSdonf/
, i f;odkYajcusi foGm;aomaMumi fhjrpfBuD;ydk;wpfavQmuf NrdKUbufjyefrwufyJ a&ausmfxJ 0i fvm
aom*syefppfAdkvf\ ormefESi fhvGJoGm; a&ausmft wdki f;oGm;vQi f i ba&mzdk;vSygb, fvdkrSpDrHEdki frnf
r[ kwf/ *syefu wpfcgwnf; ypfowfvdkufrnfjzpfonf/ , ckrl rdrdwdkY*syeformefudkapmi fh&mt aMumi f;
rxl; t drft jyefrSmrS*syefrsm; wJudk0i fcdkaeonfudkawGY& ygoGm;aomvufypfAHk;rsm;udkuAsmuoD
0Sufxm;Edki fonf/ i borufcsufBuD;url a&ausmft wdki f;oGm;cJhvQi f*syeformefudkt em;uyfNyD; vufypf
AHk;ESi fhypfEdki fonf/ , ckawmht &i frvdkoi fhonfhae&mrSmt &i fvdk t zrf;cH&NyD; uHBuD;vGef; om
t aMumi f;awGjyefajymEdki fonf[ kqdkonf/ oci frsdK;nGefYcrsmrSmt rdrcHoi fhyJt rdcH&onf[ kqdkonf/
jzpfysufyHkrSmxdkaeYu naet xdjrpfBuD;ydk;auGYrSapmi fh&mbmt aMumi f;rSrxl; t drfjyefvmonf/
cyfvSrf;vSrf;u *syefawGwJay:a&mufaeonfudkawGY&onf/ zdk;vSu vufypfAHk;ESi fhcsdef&efpdwful;onf/
i bu rdazmhwdkYom;t rdt aMumi f;ajym vufypfAHk;udkt oHk;rcs&onfomru vGwf&muRwf&m 0Suf
xm;cJh&onf/ NyD;vQi ft dajErysufwJodkYvmonf/
*syefwdkYu ar;onf/ olwdkYESpfa, mufu xi f;ckwfoGGm;onf[ kpGyfrdpGyf&majym&mxi f;ckwf"m;?vT
ponfwdkYryg roumFp&mjzpfaomfvnf; *syefwdkYu , HkMunfonf/ odkYaomf uHqdk;csi fawmhonft xJ
jzdK;wkyfygvmonfudkawGY&onf/
jzdK;wkyfu i budkjri fvQi f *syefppfAdkvft m; vufukwfonf/ *syefppfAdkvfvnf; jzdK;wkyf *syefvdk
ajymrS jyL;wl;NyJwJjzpfNyD; i bESi fhzdk;vSudk ac:onf/ jzdK;wkyfu pum;jyeft aeESi fh ppfonf/ *syef
udk, fpm;vS, f jzdK;wkyfu i budkpGJcsufwi fonf/ yxr i bonf awmfvSefa&;orm; zdk;vSac: oci f
rsdK;nGefYt m; vufcHaomjypfcsuf?' kwd, i bonfol\ orufavmi f; csufBuD;rSmawmfvSefa&; Armhwyfr
awmfxJa&mufaeonfudkodvsufESi fhowi f;ray;aomjypfcsuf? ESpfcsufESi fhpGJcsufwi fonf/
jzdK;wkyfu oci frsdK;nGefYudkpGJcsufwi fjyefonf/ wpft csufrSmoci frsdK;nGefYonf&Jt zGJYrSaSmi fwdrf;
aeoljzpfonf/ ESpft csufrSm&Jt zGJYowi f;ay;t &oci frsdK;nGefYonf a' ;' &Joci frsm;ESi fht quft oG, f
vkyf awmfvSefoljzpfonf/
i burl ol bmrSrodyg[ kqdkonf/ oci frsdK;nGefYurl ol zdk;vSjzpfygonf[ kxGufonf/ xdkt cg
jzdK;wkyfu . . . ]]a[ h. . . ri f;wdkYESpfa, mufudki godygw, fuG. . . i ghudkNzD;raeygeJY. . . AdkvfBuD;
rmpwmudki g[ kwfoavmufajymjyNyD;ygNyD. . . }}[ kqdkav\ /
]]a[ . . . ' DvdkaMu;vm; jzdK;wkyf&JU. . . ri f;[ moci femrnfwyfNyD; opmazmufvkyfi ef; vkyf
aew, fqdkwmi godygw, fuG. . . EdkYayr, fh' DavmufajAmi fdki f;vdrfhr, frxi fbl; . . . ri f;vdkvlrsdK; [ m
t oufSnfEdki fvGef;ouGm. . . acG;rom; . . . }}
armi fxi f ib


pum;qHk;vQi fyi f jzdK;wkyfonf yg;csdyf vufoD;coGm; ajray: yHkvsufvJ\ / *syefppfAdkvf
vnf; ;;SJSJjzpfumi bESi fhoci frsdK;nGefYwdkYudkajcmufvHk;jyL;ESi fhcsdef zrf;qD;NyD; orJhyi fBuD; csnf
xm;aomv, form;wdkYxHrSt "rvk, lcJhaomormefxJodkYac:aqmi f\ / vrf;wpfvrf;vHk; oci frsdK;nGefY
u ol awmfvSefa&;orm;t ppfjzpfonf/ i brSmbmrQrod?i b t jypfrSd/ vTwfvdkufyg[ kppfAdkvfudk
ajymonf/ odkYaomfr&/ ESpfOD;om; uefYvefYuefYvefYESi fhygoGm;onf/
ormefxJ *syefppfom; oHk;q, fcefY?&Jom; ESpfa, muf?*syefxHodkYEdki fi Ha&;t usOf;om; qdkNyD;
vmydkYxm;aomArmajcmufa, mufwdkYudkawGY&onf/
Edki fi Ha&;t usOf;orm;xJwGi fOD;oma*gi fudkawGY&aomt cgi brSmrsm;pGmt Hht m;oi fhonf/ ajcudk
zuf i dka<u;onf/
Od;oma*gi frSmcsufBuD;\ OD;av;awmfoljzpf t zrf;cH&onfqdkonf/
]]i gawmhbmrSrodygbl;uGm. . . olwdkYudkaMumufvGef;vdkUacR;wyfqdkvJ pkay;&wmyJ . . . pyg;
ydkYaqmi fa&;qdkvJ ydkYay;&wmyJ . . . wpfavmu &yfGmrSmolcdk;ol0Sufrsm;vdkYzJ0dki f;awGydwfyi fzdkYqdkNyD;
&Jt zGJYeJYt wdkuft cHajymzl;yg&JU. . . t J' DaemufrScsufBuD;t aMumi f; &JMuyfcP cP vmppfawmhwmyJ. . .
olvmppfNyD; rsm;rMumrDurf;dk;wef;ppfwyfu ppfAdkvfu t vdkSdw, fqdkNyD; zrf;vdkYvdkufcJh&w, f . . .
nuvJ' kef;' dki f; t oHawGxJu vGwfxGufvmwmyJ. . . }}
]]' geJYawmi fnut aMumi f; usKyfwdkYudkrar;0Hhao;bl;AsdKU. . . acG;om;awGu usKyfwdkYukdaemuf
b, fvdknOf;t Hk;rvJ rodao;bl; . . . ' DudpudkusKyfawmhaoonft xduG, fxm;rSmyJ . . .}}[ koci f
rsdK;nGefYu wdk;wdk;ajymavonf/
xdkaeYnae ormefudkarSmi f&dyfcdkcwfvm&onf/ vxGufjyefaomf rwwfom jrpfBuD;ydk; t v, f
acgi fwGi f ajymi fajymi fyi fxGuf GufESi fhESi fcJhavonf/ i b?oci frsdK;nGefYESi fht jcm;t usOf;orm;rsm;rSm
rdrdwdkYuHMurmudkaA' i fwGuf rMunfhwwfaomaMumi fhpdwfav;av;ESi fhyi fauG;umt dyfaysmfvsuf vdkuf
ygoGm;Smownf;/
eHeufrdk;vi f;aomfawmwef;uav;aemufcHSdaomuGi f;jyi fuav;wpfckodkYa&mufvmonf/ rdk;rSm
vi f;umpjzpf awmwef;rSmrIdi f;a0 aeonf/ aumi f;ui frSmrvi f;wvi f; t HkYwHkYwHkYESi fhrdkYt vdkrus
rsufarSmi fBuD; ukyfaebdodkYSdonf/
i b t dyf&muEdk;aomf ab;ywfvnf *syefrSvJG t usOf;orm;rsm;ESi fht wl jzdK;wkyf
wpfOD;wnf;om awGY&awmhonf/ &Jom;wdkYrSmum; nu olwdkYudk *syefppfAdkvfu b, fae&mrSm
csxm;cJhonfrod/ rSdNyD/ jzdK;wkyfurl pdwfylaomrsufESmxm;ESi fh&Jom;udkvTwfvQi f olYudkygvTwf&rnfrSm
rvTwfyJ bmaMumi fhac:vmavonfrod[ kajymonf/ wu, fvTwfawmi frSolvnf; rae&pfcJhvdkyg/
*syefwdkYESi fht wlomvdkufygrnf jzpfygonf/ odkYaomf vTwfzdkYavoHrQyi f ppfAdkvfBuD;u rajymonfrSm
bm*vdkwdkwdkSdonf[ kqdkonf/ jzdK;wkyfrSwpfyg; t m;vHk;olwdkYrSmrwkefrvIyfSdMuonf/
urf;wGi f qdkufuyfNyD;aomf *syefwdkYu ygvmaoma&aEG;bl;xJrSvufzuf&nfMurf;wdkYudkzD;Murf;
i SufaysmoD;ESi fhaomufonf/ NyD;vQi f*syefav;a, mufNcH&H jzdK;wkyf?i b?oci frsdK;nGefY?OD;oma*gi fyg
t jcm; vli , fi g;a, mufwdkYESi fht wl urf;ay:odkYxkwfoGm;onf/ aygufwl;ESpfvufvnf; , lvmonf/
armi fxi f ib


*syefwpfa, mufvuf "m;vG, fwpfacsmi f;udki fvsufygvmonf/ awmpyfESi fhudkufESpf&mrSdwSda0;aom
uRJpm;usufukef;jyi fuav;odkYa&mufaomt cgvludk;a, mufudkwpfa, mufvQi foHk;awmi favmufjcm;NyD;
&yfcdki f;onf/
OD;oma*gi fBuD;u . . . ]]olwdkYusKyfwdkYudkppfrvdkYxi fw, f. . . }}[ kqdk\ /
jzdK;wkyfu . . . ]]r[ kwfbl; . . . ' Daumi fawGxri f;pm;rvdkYvm;?csD;, dkrvdkYvm; . . . wpfckckyJ. .
. ' gaMumi fhwGi f;wl;cdki f;wmyJ. . . }}[ kqdk\ /
]][ m; . . . [ m; . . . }}[ kwpfa, mufaomvli , fu aMumufp&mt oHjzi fh&, fonf/ ]]a[ h. . .
rsdK;zsufBuD;&JU. . . t G, fudkawmht m;emyg&JUci fAsm. . . ei f ' Davmuf *syefawGeJYaygi f;NyD; t aMumi f;
rodao;bl;vm; . . . udk, fhaowGi f; udk, fwl;cdki f;wm[ . . . raorcsi f; rSwf. . . }}[ kajymonf/
oci frsdK;nGefYu . . . ]]&Jabmft m;vHk; bk&m;omt mHkjyKMu . . . usKyfvkyfi ef;awmhat mi fjri fpGmeJY
t qHk;owfNyD. . . a[ m[ dkacG;rom; wdki f;jynfopmazmufwJht aumi fvJaus;Zl;t BuD;t us, fcHpm;&rSmyJ.
. . ei fht az *syefawGeJYao&mrSmoGm;awGYacs. . .}}[ kqdkvdkuf\ /
jzdK;wkyfrSmajcmufaeaomuepdki kwfBuD; t &i f;uvJovdkAdki f;ueJvJav\ / *syefwpfOD;u vmxl
\ / *syefvdka&m\ / vmxlaom*syefu acgi f;cg\ / i bwdkYvlodkufrSmem;rvnfaomfvnf; udk, ft rl
t &mt m;jzi fhcsi fhcsdef od&\ / jzdK;wkyfu olonf AdkvfBuD;rmpwmt wGuf t rsm;BuD; aqmi fGufcJhonf
ajym\ / olonf *syefudkwu, fht ult nDay;cJhonfqdk\ / olYudkowfrnfqdkvQi f vlrSm; jzpfrnf/
AdkvfBuD;rmpwmudkjyefar;zdkYaumi f;onf[ kajymonf/
*syefu Armvdkjyefajymonf/ ]]ri f; vdrf' um; . . . raumi f;bl; Sd' um; . . . ei fbdkrmolcdk;yJ.
. . "m;jywdkufw, faemf . . . aTawGt rsm;BuD;Sdw, f. . . *syefppfwyfudkaemf. . . enf;enf;av;
jyefay;w, f. . . ' gaMumi fht jypfSdw, fem; . . . *syefqDudkvmw, fem; . . . t vkyfvkyfw, fem; . . .
pdwfxJu t rsm;BuD; raumi f;bl; . . . }}[ kqdk em;xi fudkaoewf' i fESi fhaqmi fhvdkufonf/
rsdK;nGefYu . . . ]]a[ h. . . ArmyDyDaovdkufprf;yguGm. . . aMumufraeygeJY. . . uJ . . .
Mumw, fAsdKU. . . jrefjrefao jrefjreft dyf&wmyJ . . . }}[ kajymajymqdkqdkESi fh*syefvufu wlGi f; udk, l
wGi f;udkpwi fwl;av\ /
*syefwpfa, mufu wlGi f;udkjzdK;wkyfvufxJ vmxnfh\ / jzdK;wkyfu t rJowfHkxJ t qGJcH&aom
EGm;t dkBuD;uJhodkYwlGi f;udki fNyD;vQi f oci frsdK;nGefYt eD;wGi f wGi f;wl;rnf[ kajrmufvdkuf\ / oci frsdK;nGefYu
bmrajymnmrajymjzdK;wkyf\ ab;udkydwfuefav\ /
]]acG;rsdK; . . . 0ufrsdK; . . . ei fhvdkt aumi frsdK;u i ghwGi f;eJYwpfwef;wnf; vmwl;&ovm; . . .
aemufqkwf. . . }}[ kqdkvdkuf\ /
]]rmpwm&, f . . . rmpwmwdkusdKjyef&i f wdkusdKt xdajczufNyD; vdkufyg&ap . . . uRefawmfhudk
rowfygeJY. . . wpfcgwnf;omac:oGm;yg. . . }}[ kjzdK;wkyfu ab;at mi fh&mrS*syefwpfOD;udkvSrf;
ajym\ /
armi fxi f ib


i bpdwfxJrSmrdeDuav;udkjri fa, mi fvsufSdonf/ t &ufrl;rl;ESi fhOD;aombdwausmi f;xJrSmrdazmh
udkvufqGJaomjzdK;wkyf\ t oHonfonfvdkanmi fememavoHrsdK; r[ kwf/ rdeDudkvljzpfIH;at mi fBuHpnf
pOfuvnf; onfvdkywfcRJeSyfcRJvkyfrnf rxi f/ acG;rom;udkraorDwpfcsufwG, f&vQi f aumi f;rSmyJ/
vufxJvnf; bmrQrSd?*syefawGuvnf; 0dki f;vdkY/ t dk. . . aocgeD;rSmrS' Dt aumi fawGaMumufaevdkY
rjzpfawmhbl;/ rjzpfawmhbl;/
i bu jzdK;wkyfvufxJu aygufjym;udk0i fvk\ / *syefu jzdK;wkyft &i fwl;ygap[ kajymumi budk
wm;xm;\ / i bvnf; NzdK;wkyfudkvkyfzdkY&mrSmvufoD;ESi fh' l;omSdawmhonfudkod& vufoD; ESpfvHk;
pkcsdefNyD;vQi fnm' l;udkt om<u jzdK;wkyfESi fhudk, fvHk;csi f; ajy; dkuf\ /
i b\ vufoD;ESi fh' l;t SdefaMumi fhjzdK;wkyfrSmarhajrm vJusoGm;avonf/ *syefuvnf; i b udk
aoewf' i fESi fhausmudkdkufNyD;vQi fjzdK;wkyfwGi f;rwl;Edki fawmhonfESi fhi bt m; ESpfwGi f; wl;cdki f;av onf/
i bvnf; pdwfvdkufrmefyg aSUwpfwGi f;wl;NyD;vQi f jzdK;wkyft wGuf aemufwef;usus cyfa0;a0;rSm
wpfwGi f;wl;\ / useft usOf;orm;OD;oma*gi fESi fhvli , frsm;rSmvnf; t pdrf;o&JpD;aeonfhrsufESmxm;rsdK;
ESi fholwdkYwGi f;udkolwdkYwl;Muav\ /
Edki fi Ha&;ESi fhywfoufonfqdkaomvlSpfa, mufrSmaSUwef;rSpD aeonf/ aemufwef;rSjzdK;wkyf
rSmZuft pi f;om;ESi fhwGi f;0rSmyHk vJaeonf/
]]uJ . . . udki b . . . oGm;NyDaemf. . . wdki f;jynft wGufusKyfwdkYt aocH&wmrSmusKyfwdkY[ m
usef&pfcJhwJhvlawG&JUt &i fvGyfvyfa&; &vdkufwmyJ. . . }}[ koci frsdK;nGefYu EIwfquf\ /
vlowform;*syefu "m;BuD;udkvTJvTJNyD;0i fhumcsdefqae\ / i bu *kwfpi f;ay;&i f; oci frsdK;nGefY
acgi f;jzwfonfudkwaphwapmi f; acsmi f;Munfhrd\ /
oci frsdK;nGefYonf wGi f;0 ' l;axmufvdkuf\ / &i fudkaumh OD;acgi f;udkarmhvdkufonf/ ]]wdkYArm}}
[ kat mf\ / olYat mfoHonfwpfzufuawmwef;xJodkY*, ufdkufum0i foGm;av\ /
avxJwGi f]]wdkYArm}}[ laomt oHBuD;onft qi fhqi fhjrnf[ D;aepOfolowf*syef\ "m;vG, frSm
TDueJ jrnfoGm;\ / oci frsdK;nGefY\ wHk;wdwdcEmudk, frSmacwrQ' l;axmufxdki fvsufom; rwkefrvIyfae
\ / vnfyi f;aoG;aMumESpfckrSt eDa&mi frsm; t ay:odkYa0ga0gjrnfumyef;wufonfrSmi brsufpdxJ wpf
ouf xGufEdki fawmhrnf r[ kwfacs/ NyD;rSoci frsdK;nGefY\ <ui f;usef&pfaomkyfuvmyfonf wGi f;xJodkY
t dajE&&usoGm;av&m0kwfceJt oHMum;vdkufonf/
OD;oma*gi fht vSnfhodkYa&mufvmNyD/ aus;Zl;Si fBuD;awmhudpacsmawmhrSmyJ/ vufwdkYwwfolawG
uvJ olwdkYeJYrwnfhwdki f; vufndK;ESi fhxdk;awmhwmyJ/ ' Dvdkt acsmi fyg&wJhvlawGi gwdkYawmolawmi fom;
Armrsm;xJrSmt erw*aerSmygyJ/ olYt vSnfhNyD;&i f vli , foci fav; oHk;OD;yJ/ NyD;vQi f i gyJ/ NyD;vQi f nm
bufu ESpfa, muf/ t i f; . . . ao&rSmyguvm;/ raMumufeJYqdkayr, fhwu, fqdkawmhwu, faMumuf
p&mBuD;yJ/ rdazmha&. . . qGrf;oGyf&i f i gMum;avmufat mi f cyfus, fus, fuav; t rQa0aemf/ oGm;NyD?
oGm;NyD?orD;?t jzpfqdk;SmwJhorD;uav;&JU?awmoljzpf&wJht wGufw, fepfemwmyJaemf/
i bu [ dk[ dk' D' DvSnfhMunfhonf/ awmwef;buf rsufESmrlonf/ ' Dawmwef;udki bodonf/
rkqdk;vrf;qdkaom t rJvdkuform;wdkYoGm;&m vrf;aMumi f;uav;uoGm;vQi f aexef;wzsm;eD;eD;avmuf
armi fxi f ib


qdkvQi fusm;aoGmudka&mufrnf/ *syefu t m;vHk;rSav;a, mufjzpfonf/ t owfcH&rnfholawGrSmvuf
awGudkomaemufjyefcsnfxm;onf/ [ dkaxmi fhonfaxmi fhponfrSm*syefoHk;a, mufvlcGJ apmi fhaeMuonf/
roumdki fz, fESi fhypfvdkUxdvQi fvJuHukefcsi fvdkUyJqdk&rnf/ ckaersm; ajy;&i fawmhvG, fwmyJ/ pdwfat ;
vufat ;ESi fhpOf;pm;MunfhawmhvJ' Dae&mrsdK;rSmaor, fhaemufrxl;bl;qdkNyD; pGefYMunfhvQi frrSm;ygbl;/
OD;oma*gi f\ OD;acgi f;ay: "m;0i fh oGm;onf/ wpfcg?ESpfcg?oHk;cgponfjzi fholowf*syefu
t Sdef, laeonf/ i b\ udk, fcEmrSt oD;oD;t ouaomt aMumt jci fwdkYu *syef"m;vGwfESi fht Sdef, lae
onfudkt rSwfjyK wpf?ESpf?oHk;[ kqdkumt Sdef, laeMuonf/
aemufqHk;wpfcsuf "m;vG, frSmOD;oma*gi f\ *kwfay: usNyD; cRi fceJjrnfoGm;onf/ i bvnf;
olYaSUuwGi f;udkvTm;ceJckefumawmwef;bufodkYajcukefokwfavonf/ awmwef;xJodkYav;i g;vSrf;
t vdkrSmaemufrSaoewfypfoHwpfcsuf Mum;onf/ TDceJ acgi f;ay: ausmfoGm;onf/ awmwef;xJodkY
a&mufaomfwpfcsufMum;&jyefonf/
odkYaomf t a&;pdkufzdkYrvdkNyD/ olwdkYu olwdkYvrf;oGm;vQi f i bu i bvrf;vdkufrnf jzpfonf/
aowGi f;u vGwfonfqdkonfrSm' grsdK;rSwu, fvGwfjci f; jzpfonf/
i bu aS;a[ mi f;aESmi f;jzpfpm;NrHKUjyefonfht cgrsm; . . . ]]0#fa<u;uav; usefao;vdkYaemuf
csefae&pfcJhwma[ h. . . }}[ kav;av;BuD; ajymavhSdonf/

t cef; (11)
Mu, feDa&mi fawmufaea&mi faysmuf

i b awmBuD;rsufrJxJ a&mufaomfrkqdk;vrf;pudkawGYojzi fhxdkvrf;t wdki f;avQmuf usm;aoGm
odkY0i favonf/ xdkGmrSmu&i ft drf av;i g;t drfESi fhArmt drf oHk;av;t drfrQomSdonf/ awmpyfu
xGufvQi fGmudkjri f&onf/ Gmjri f&vQi fyi fGmbufrSt kef;t kef;jcdrfhnHaomoDcsi f;oHwpfckMum;&onf/
]]rci fwG, f?rMui fw, f?cspfolpGefYvdkY&, f. . .
wdkufyGJudkyi fEdki fat mi fwdkufawmhr, f. . .
vmNyDav omuDaqG?&J&Jawmufarmi fawG. . .
aoap Si fap?pdwfaZmcsufu raoG. . .
urmraus?ArmwpfawG?wdkYjynfwdkYydki fap . . .
aori f;aqGa&?opmESHpdkYav . . . }}
oDcsi f;oHonf odrfhodrfhwkefoGm;\ / i bvnf; MuufoD;arG;ni f;x zdefYzdefYwkefrdonf/ i b
oJoJuGJuGJjri f&onfum; umuDabmi f;bD? csnfMurf;vHkcsnf? ac:awm*Godki f; csnfMurf;abmi f;bDpaom
t rsdK;rsdK;aomt qi frwlonfh, leDrazmi f;wazmi f; ppf0wfwefqmawG0wfxm;aomawmom;ppfwyfBuD;
onf Gmt aemufbuf EGm;pm;usufxJwGi f pkHk; oDcsi f;qdkaeMuonf/ i bu Armppfom;udkwpfouf
ESi fhwpfudk, fvlESpfq, fjynfhat mi fwpfcgrQrjri fzl; ppfwyf[ kolt xi fSdonf/
armi fxi f ib


aoewfawGudk, fpDESi fhrdkYjAKef;ceJ vlrSm;oGm;rnfpdk; i bu t a0;rSvSrf;NyD; . . . ]]AsdKU. . .
q&mBuD;wdkY. . . }}[ kat mfac:Munfhonf/
]]urmraus?ArmwpfawG?wdkYjynfwdkYydki fap . . .
aori f;aqGa&?opmESHpdkYav . . . }}
oDcsi f;oHt Mum;wGi f]]AsdKU. . . q&mBuD;wdkY. . . }}[ laomt oHjrKyfoGm;onf/ aemufrSi bu
owd&NyD; ]]wdkYArm}}[ kwwforQrSwforQESi fhrSef;NyD; at mfvdkufonf/ at mfvdkYawmht aumi f;om;yJ[ k
at mufarhrdonf/
ajymufusm;wyfpku awmwef;bufodkYvSnfhMunfhonf/ ]]&Jabmfoci frsdK;nGefYvm;a[ h. . . }}[ k
ar;onf/
xdkt cgrSi bvnf; ppfwyfSd&modkYuqkefayguf ajy;avownf;/
i bu jzpforQt aMumi f;udk t pD&i fcHonf/ ArmhwyfrawmfrSwyfMuyfuav; AdkvfMu, feDu
t HBudwf em;axmi fonf/ AdkvfMu, feDu i bt m; . . . ]]usKyfudkodovm; . . . }}[ kar; onf/
]]oci frsdK;nGefYu AdkvfMu, feDvdkYrSmoGm;wmygyJ . . . ' gaMumi fharmi fhudk. . . t Jav . . . &Jabmfudk
AdkvfMu, feDrSef;awmhodwmyJ. . . }}[ ki bu qdkonf/
AdkvfMu, feDrsufpdxJ ydk;aumi f0i fonfESi fhwlonf/ rsuf&nfpdkYvm ol\ Murf;wrf;aomvufESi fh
rsufpdudkokwfvdkufonf/ AdkvfMu, feDu zGi fhajymcsi fwmav;wpfckSdovdkvdk/
]]uJ . . . &JabmfwdkY. . . nwdkufyGJawmhwpfcsDat mi fNyD. . . aeYwdkufyGJ qi fETJ&r, f. . . , ck
oci frsdK;nGefYudkowfoGm;wJhui fayppfAdkvf[ m' Dt em;wpf0dkufrSmyJ SdOD;r, f . . . wdkY[ dkbufu
awmwef;udkjzwfvdkuf&i f&efolajy;ESi fhNyD; jzpfvdrfhr, f. . . ' Dawmhusm;aoa&ausmf0uaeNyD; acsmi f;ypfrSyJ
. . . ae&muvJ umAm, lzdkYuZi f;yJSdw, f. . . xri f;pm;zdkYt csdefvJrSdbl; . . . i gwdkYt ckqdk&i fvl
ESpfq, fausmfav;yJSdw, f. . . i g;a, mufwpfqdki f;?ajcmufa, mufwpfqdki f; wdkuf&rSmyJ. . . }}
]]uJ. . . wdkuf&r, fqdkckoGm;rSyJAdkvfBuD; . . . }}[ kwpfa, mufaom&Jabmfu ajymonf/
]]&JabmfwdkYxri f;t i wfawmhcH&vdrfhr, f. . . }}[ kAdkvfMu, feDu ajym\ /
t eD;wGi f0dki f;MunfhaeaomGmom;xJrSu&i ft bdk;BuD;u . . . ]]a0h. . . bmvdkYxri f; i wf&rSm
vJ. . . usKyfwdkYydkYrSmaygh0Jh. . . }}[ kqdk\ /
xdkYaemufae&mrsm; pDpOfMu\ / vufeufrsm; jyi fMu\ / aemufwcP t zdkY &JabmfESpfq, fausmf
wdkYonf usm;aoGmrSppfqi f&ef xGufcJhMu\ / Gmusef&pfaomu&i ft drfSi fr Armt drfSi frwpfawGrSm
xri f;t dk;aq;?i kwfoD;axmi f;ESi fhwaysmfwyg;BuD; t rIawmfudkxrf;GufMuav \ /
i bum; oi f;wdkYrdef;rwpfawGppfqi f&ef [ efjyi faeonfudk t m;usrd\ / ei fvm;i gvm;ESi fh
, SOfNydKi fwdkufcdkufvdk\ / umvom;b0u yGJjyefwdkYt m; ukudKyi farSmi f&dyfrSZm0DwkwfESi fhacsmi f; nn wGi f
dkufcJhzl;yg\ / owdrnHhvSyg/ xdkpOft cgu wpfvufrqdkvQi f wpfvufr?ESpfvufrqdkvQi f ESpfvufr?
armi fxi f ib


t wdki f;t xGmrrSm;ap&yJ acgi f;NyJat mi f csdefq dkufwwfcJhyg\ / vufeufudkt oHk;cswwfygonf/
odkYaomf i bwdkYvdkv, form;rSm "m;ESi fhckwf wkwfESi fhom dkufwwfonf/ v, form;qdkawmh
t &i f;t wdki f;ajym&vQi fv, fudkomvkyfwwfonf/ aoewfwdkY?pdefajymi f;wdkY?vufypfAHk;wdkY?pufaoewf
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onfht &mrSm0i fpGufvQi f v, form;wdkYt zsi f;Edki frI xi fSm;HkSdawmhraygh/ "m;ESi fhvdkufckwf&rnfqdkvQi f
awmfao;onf/
, i f;odkYt awG;a&mufSdrdaomfvnf; i brSm*syefwdkYt m; cHcscsi faomaZmESi fhAdkvfMu, feDt m; vdkuf
yg&ap[ kwpfcGef;ESpfcGef;0i fajym&efyg;pyfjyi fao;onf/ odkYaomfppfruft *FgwdkYudkjyi fqi fae&aomaMumi fh
AdkvfMu, feDrSmi bt m; *krpdkufEdki f/ xdkYaMumi fhi b\ vHkYvrSmt v[ jzpfawmhonf/ i bvnf;
a, mi fayayESi fhvdkuf oGm;ygao;\ / odkY&mwGi folYt m; rnfolwpfOD;wpfa, mufurQaqmfaqmfat mat m
rvkyfaomaMumi fhawmom;i brSmawmom;yDyDcsHKuav;t uG, fwGi fvlvHk;azsmufvdkufonf/
&JabmfwdkYum; reufpmpm;csdeft xdapmi fhaomfvnf; t aMumi f;rxl;vSojzi fhpdwfysufpjyKvm\ /
xdkt wGi f; u&i frwpfa, muf t l, m;zm;, m;ESi fhppfpcef;odkYajy;vmonf/ olESi fht wl Armu&i f rdef;r
azmfrsm; xri f;xkyfawGGuf vmMuonf/
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BuD;ESi fhajy;vmonf/ eef;azmhrSmjywfjywfawmufawmuf<uyfqwfqwfESi fhpum;ajymwwfonf/
]]a[ h. . . aumi frawG&JU. . . nnf;wdkYudkaemufu waMumfaMumfac:aewmrMum;a&mhovm; 0Jh.
. . nnf;vi fawGeJYuGJaewmb, fhavmufMumyvJ. . . wuwJolwdkYvi fxri f;ydkYwmusaewmyJ. . . }}
]]t dk. . . at . . . nnf;vJnnf;vi fawGqDvmwmyJr[ kwfvm;}}[ kwpfa, mufu qdk\ /
AdkvfMu, feDt zGJYu wyfom;wpfOD;u rsufESmpyfNzJNzJvkyfNyD; . . . ]]t wlwleJYt ElElcsnf;ygyJAsm. . .
t rBuD;eef;azmhu bmrsm; a&;BuD;okwfjymjzpfvm&wmvJ. . . }}[ kar;\ /
]]uG, fh. . . i gu wpfckjri fvmvdkYaumi frawGudkvSrf;ac:wmoi f;wdkYu rMum;bl; . . . i g
' Dvm&i f; opfyi fwpfyi fay: cP wufMunfhw, fa0h. . . ormefwpfpi f;awmhjri fw, fuG, fh. . . owd
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qdki f;udkaSUodkYvTwf\ / csHKwpfckudkuG, fumpufaoewfudkqi fap\ / xdkcsHKem;odkYjri f;uom; t &i f;ydki f;
BuD;wpfckudkt jrpfzsm;ESi fhwuGukwfESi fhuyfaumf aTU\ / ' kwd, i g;a, mufqdki f;u yxrt qdki f;\ nm
buf av;q, fhi g;' D*&Davmuft usrDwm300 ausmfavmuf t a0;wGi f jrufzkwfESi fhuefoi f;rsm; udk
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armi fxi f ib


t pDt pOfrsm;rSmurf;dk;wef;vwmjyi fESi fhcyfcGmcGmxm; pDpOfjci f;jzpfonf/ yxrqdki f;rSmppf
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wwd, ESi fhpwkwt qdki f;wdkYrSmrl ppfjrLorm;rsm;udk t ult yHht jzpfjzi fht &efae&onf/ orJhyi fay:rS
t rsdK;orD;wyfrSmum; ppfOD;pD; A[ dkXmecsKyfyrmjzpfownf;/
uGrf;wpf&mnufMumvwfaomf ppfom;rsm;xdki fumvdkufygvmaomormefBuD;udkysysjri f&onf/
ormefrSm rSmbufurf;odkYaS;INyD; uyfvmonf/ urf;ESi fhrDwm100 avmuft uGmwGi fyxrt qdki f;rS
ppfom;rsm;u aoewfESi fht qufrjywfwpfudk, fvQi fq, fcsufpDavmufypfNyD; Ni drfaevdkufonf/ ormef
vnf; urf;uyf rjzpfNyD/ xdkYaMumi fhaoewfoHMum;xJu t wi f;urf;xdk;qdkufNyD;vQi f*syefrsm; u ]], m;
. . . , m; . . . }}at mfumckefqi f;Muonf/ urf;ay:a&mufvQi fajr jym;jym;0yfvdkufMu onf/
onft cgusrSorJhyi fay:u t rsdK;orD;ppfOD;pD;t zGJUcsKyf Adkvfr;BuD;eef;azmhu *syef b, fESpf
a, muf?wpfa, mufESi fhwpfa, mufb, favmufcGmaeonf/ b, f*syefaSUodkYwdk;onf?acgi f;axmi fonf
ponfjzi fhabmvHk;yGJt aMumi f;udka&' D, dkjzi fht oHvTi fhaomavoHrsdK;jzi fhajymjyumat mufapmi fhwyfMuyf
uav; AdkvfMu, feDt m; nTefMum;csufay;onf/ b, fbufu *syef b, favmufeD;vmNyD/ pufaoewf
vTwfzdkYawmfNyD?aSUwdk;zdkYt csdefusNyD?aemufqkwfcHvQi faumi f;rnfponfjzi fht rdefYay;&ao;onf/
*syefwdkYvnf; vloHk;a, mufudkrQoHk;&mrSwfxi fumaSUodkYudk, fudkvSdrfh wdk;vmumoJoJrJrJ ypf
cwfavonf/ *syefwdkYArmhwyfrawmfom;rsm;ESi fhrDwmwpf&mt wGi f;odkYa&mufaomt cg eef;azmhu
]]eD;vmNyD}} qdk wyfrawmfom;wdkYu aemufqkwfcHumppfjrLonf/ t wefMumaomf pufaoewfudki f
&JabmfESpfOD;\ aSUwnfhwnfhqDodkYa&mufav&mpufaoewfoHvnf; ]]' uf' uf-' uf' uf}}ESi fhjrnfavawmh
onf/ *syefwdkYvnf; t wHk;t Hk; aoausukef\ / *syefppfwyf\ aemufwef;usaom*syefav;i g;OD;rSm
udk, fudkvSdrfh ormefqDodkYajy;av\ / eef;azmhu . . . ]]ajy;y[ Jh. . . vdkufa[ h. . . }}[ kqdkvQi fyi f
yxr? ' kwd, ? wwd, t qi fhqi fhaomwyfom;wdkYrSmwvHk;wpnf;wnf; aygi f; aSUodkYwdk;vdkuf\ /
ormefay:odkY*syefrsm; vSrf;rwuf0HhyJ a&xJodkYul;t ajy;wGi f dki fz, fESi fhypf\ / a&ay: usnfqHrsm;
TDceJjrnf SyfoGm;onf/ wpfa, mufawmhusoGm;onf xi f&onf/ AdkvfMu, feDuvnf; ormefudkpuf
aoewfESi fhypf ESpf&ef t rdefYay;onf/ pufaoewfvnf; ]' uf . . . ' uf}jrnfjyefonf/ ormefvnf;
a&wGi fcsmcsmvnf aeownf;/
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*syefoHk;av;aumi fa&ul;aeonfudkawGY&\ / dki fz, fESi fhxyf ypfjyef\ /
jrpfwpfzufurf;rSmwpfrdki fausmfrQa0;onf/
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' Dhjyi f&JabmfawGeJYawmhawGYOD;rSmyJ. . . }} [ kAdkvfMu, feDu qdk\ /
ppfajrjyi f *syef t aumi fESpfq, f &onf/ Adkvfvkyfol\ t avmi f;udkrawGY& AdkvfMu, feD
rauseyfay/ rD;aoG;jzpfaeaom*syefrSmb, folb, f0grSef; rSef; r&/ a&xJrSt avmi f;awGudkq, f&ef
rSmvnf; a&uswGi f a&pD;vGef;aomaMumi fhb, fESpfavmi f;[ k ra&wGufwwfawmhNyD/ rSef;Munfh&vQi f
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armi fxi f ib


ygoGm;NyD[ k&Jabmfrsm;uwGufonf/ AdkvfMu, feDrSmpdwfrauseyf EIwfcrf;udkcP cP udkufonf/
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AdkvfMu, feDu ajympum;udk wefY em;axmi fonf/ rsOf;oHk;aMumi f;Mu, fESpfyGi fh *syeft aMumi f;
AdkvfMu, feDu ajymNyD; vufoD;qkwfumawmufacgufvdkufonfht cgxdkawmom;u . . . ]]AdkvfBuD;&, f. .
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]][ m. . . udki bBuD;ygvm; . . . ci fAsm;vJwdkufyGJrSmygoudk; . . . }}[ kwpfa, mufuqdk\ /
i bu ydkNyD;SufoGm;onf/ GmrSae ppfpcef;Sd&modkYwpfvSrf;csi f; avQmufcJh&mwGi f ppfacwf
t wGi f; awmom;\ wefzdk;rSdyHkudkomawG;rdcJh ppfajrjyi fat mi fvQi f at mi folwdkYESi fhat mi fao
at mi fom; 0i f pm;rnf/ IH;vQi frdrdajcovHk;udkt oHk;csrnf[ l omoHEd| mefcscJhonf/ vsi fjrefaomol\
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aomrsufESmjzi fhi dki fumt HBudwfvdkuf\ / yg;pyfu wdk;wdk;Gwf\ /
i bu olYyg;pyfu *gxmGwfonfuvnf; olYorD;emrnfudkt xyfxyfqi fh ac:vdkufovdkygyJ
vm;[ kpOf;pm;&i f; ai ;rdonf/
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t oHxGufoGm;onf/
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armi fxi f ib


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vi fudkvufwdkY
rsuf&nfpdkYESi fh
acG;t dkYac:um
ajy;&Smonf
acR;wyfvm pkwkef;u . . . }}
qdkonfhaw;oHuav;vdkvIdufvIdufvSJvSJ 0rf;enf;p&maumi f;aomt jzpfayyJudk;/ , ckaomf
wrlum; i b\ b0onfat ;bufodkYaS;Ivm&NyDr[ kwfwHkavm/ rdeDESi fhcsufBuD;omae&musygobd?
armi fxi f ib


b0opfxlaxmi fEdki fMuawmhrnf/ SdorQai Guav;i g;axmi fESi fht dyf&mcrf;em;0, f?olwdkYESpfOD;udkae&mcs?
jrufawmjzpfaewJhv, fawGudkorD;oruf pkpka0;a0;ESi fhjyefvkyf? wpfESpf? ESpfESpf . . . t vGefqHk;
oHk;ESpfayghuG, f. . ./
pOf;pm;vdkYaumi f;wkef; rdeDESi fhcsufBuD;wdkY\ t oHu wdk;csnfwpfcg? us, fcsnfwpfvSnfhESi fh
wpfcsufwpfcsufavoi fhNyD; i bem;xJ t pkvdkuft NyHKvdkuf0i fvmonf/ olwdkYuav;t csi f;csi f; ajymMu
o[ mawGudkem;raxmi fcsi fygbl;[ kqdkaomfvnf; Mum;Mum;ae& wpfcsufwpfcsuf em;t pGi fhvdkufrd
om;yJ/ rMum;t yf?rMum;xdkufaompum;rsm; jzpfaernfpdk; em;Gufudkukyfrdyg\ / odkYaomfolwdkYESpfOD;
\ t oHu cyft kyft kyfajymonf[ k qdk&ji m;aomfvnf; t oHu rlrrSefao;aomaMumi fh wdk;rvdkvdkESi fh
awmfawmfus, fonf/
]]ri f;qDuxGufoGm;wmrcspfawmhbl;vdkYqdkNyD; xGufoGm;wmrSr[ kwfyJ rdeD&, f . . . udk, f
rcl;&ufvdkY t &dyfwMunfhMunfheJYaecJhwJh yef;uav;udk olwumu 0i fNyD; vufo&rf;vdkufawmh
BudwfrEdki fcJr&jzpfrdwmaygh. . . }}
]]t J' gaMumi fhudkcsufBuD;wdkYvdkppfom;qdkawmholrsm;u arT;vdkYyefNyD; eHvdkYypfxm;wmeJYrwefawmh
bl;awmhf. . . }}
]]udk, fuawmh' DoabmrsdK; rxm;bl;a[ h. . . ri f;t ay: cspf&wJht cspfu wP Smayravmufom
qdk&i f ri f;udkrwlrwefbl;vdkYxi fawmhrSmaygh. . . , ckawmhMunfhprf; rdeD. . . ppfom;wdkYbm0
wpfzufu&efoludkwpfzufurjri fzl;yJeJYypfcwfowfjzwf&w, fqdkwmpOf;pm;Munfhvdkufawmht pGJrSdyJeJY
rjzpfEdki fbl;uG, fh. . . onfawmhppfxJvdkufw, fqdkwmt pGJuav;wpfckaMumi fhyJ . . . i gwdkYawmol
awmi fom;qdkwmv, fuGi f;avmufyJ odwmyJ . . . EdkYayr, fhudk, hfcspfoluav;t wGufvufpm;acsvdkwJh
aZmuav;u jyefvmawmhrmef<uNyD; ppfxJ0i fzdkYoHEd| mefcsrdwmaygh. . . bk&m;udkpl;&ap&JU. . . t J
[ dkwkef;u rsdK;cspfwdkY?wdki f;cspfwdkY?Edki fi HcspfwdkYqdkwmoabmraygufcJhygbl; . . . wyfrawmfxJa&mufawmh
rSyJ t cspfqdkwmumrt cspfeJUcsnf; NyD;Muao;wmr[ kwfbl;vdkYoabmaygufcJhw, f . . . onfawmh
, HkMunfcsufeJYt pGJwpfck0i fvmjyefwmaygh. . . t J' Dt pGJu bmvJqdkawmhi gwdkY&JUwdkufyGJ[ mudk, fhvlrsdK;udk
vlwumt apmfum;rcH&at mi fapmi fhaSmufzdkYt wGufwdkufwJhvGyfvyfa&;wdkufyGJyJqdkwJh, HkMunfcsufyJ. .}}
csufBuD;qdkwJhcsufBuD;uawmhvGwfvyfa&;pum;rsm; ajym&vQi f oGm;&nfwrsm;rsm;ESi fht moGuf
vQmoGuf SdvSonf/ wyfrawmfxJ a&mufonfupNyD; vGwfvyfa&;wdkY?jynfolYt mP mwdkY?' Drdkua&pDwdkY?
t &i f;Si fpepfwdkY?qdkS, fvpfwdkY?uGefjrLepfwdkYqdkaoma0g[ m&wdkYudkoabmaygufraygufawmhrajymwwf?
t vGwfawmh&aeNyD/ xdkYaMumi fhonfoabmw&m;awGESi fha, muravmi f;BuD;udka[ majymvdkuf&vQi f
a, muravmi f;BuD;rSmaeYcsi f;ncsi f; wdk;wufvmaomArmvlrsdK;jzpf&rnf[ k t onf;pGJxi frSwfonfh
t wdki f; t maygi ft m&i f;oefoefESi fha[ m&i f;ajym&i f; vGwfvyfaomEdki fi HrSvlrsdK;awGb, fyHkaexdki fMu
onfudk wyfrawmfrS&aom kyfpHkpmt kyfrsm;jzi fh i bt m; odapcJhonf/ , ck i b\ orD;udkvnf;
vGwfvyfa&; t &omudk cHpm;apvdkonf/ xdkYaMumi fh vuav;cyfomomrSm cspfwmawG
pmpDvdkYuHk;&rnfht pm; vGwfvyfa&;pum;awGajym aeonf/ rdeDu w&m;usNyD;vQi foef;vdkufonf/
em;pGi fhaeaomi burl umvom;orD;rsm; pum;ajymrSjzi fhpum;BuD;pum;us, fawGcsnfhyJ[ k
at mufarhvdkufonf/ csufBuD;u vGwfvyfa&;pum;awGudkwvGwfvGwf wvyfvyf t m;&yg;&ajymae
onfudkem;pGefem;zsm; Mum;&jyefaomt cgrlum; cJrSefzl;aompmoli , fuJhodkYrxdwfomrvefYomjzpfoGm;
armi fxi f ib


ao;onf/ vGwfvyfa&;[ kb, fodkYyi fqdkqdk? t a&;BuHKvmvQi f Xmeudkwdki fcsufESpfusyfay;&rSmaocsm
onfudki b odcJhNyDr[ kwfygavm?i b wpfcgaozl; ysOfzdk; b, faGUb, frQusrnfudkwGufwwfygao;
onf/ xdkYaMumi fh. . .
]]csufBuD;&. . . ri fh[ mu wu, fhvGwfvyfa&;vm;[ . . . }}[ kyg;apmi fu aq;ayghvdyfBuD;udk
rJ zGm&i f; i bu ar;vdkufrdonf/ , i f;odkYar;NyD;rSolwdkYcsi f;csi f; bmombm0 ajymqdkaeMuonfudk
t vdkufrod&musrnfpdk; raewwfrxdki fwwfjzpfrdao;onf/
rdazmhuvnf; ]]Iyf&efaum}}[ krajymaomfvnf; ajymbdouJhodkYi budkwHawmi fESi fhwGufvdkuf
ao;onf/
]]wu, fhvGwfvyfa&;ayght az&JU. . . }}[ kcsufBuD;u ajzonf/
]]t az&JU. . . }}[ kt ausmBuD;ESi fhac:onfudkrdeDu rcHcsi f csufBuD;\ aygi fwGi f;aMumudk
usdwfNyD; vdrfvdkufonf/
]]udk, fhjynfeJYudk, fvGwfvyfNyDqdkawmhudk, fhjynfudk, fydki fua&mayght az&JU. . . }}[ kcsufBuD; u
rdeDudkxyfNyD; t GJUwdkufvdkufao;onf/
i bu ]]a[ }}[ kt oHMoBuD;jzi fhavcsOfwufovdkjrnfvdkufonf/ ol apm' u wufcsi f[ efwl
\ / odkYaomfrdazmhu usdwfNyD; . . . ]]awmf[ mav . . . udk, fhae&mudk, faeprf;yg. . . }}[ kqdkojzi fh
vGwfvyfaom' Drdkua&pDacwfwnfaxmi fumrSyi fvQi fi b ajymcGi fhr&awmhacs/
]]ArmEdki fi HBuD; vGwfvyfw, fqdk&i fyJ wkwf? ukvm;? t *Fvdyf? t ar&duef? kS? jyi fopfqdkwJh
Edki fi HBuD;om;awGeJYwef;wlaygi f;oi f;qufqH&awmhr, f. . . ' i f;wdkYuaumbmrdkYvdkYvJ . . . uRefawmfwdkY
ArmawGvdkESmacgi f;ESpfaygufeJYvlcsnf;ygyJ. . . owdcsi f;usawmhuRefawmfwdkYuawmi fomygao;w, f.
. . ppfOD;rSmt rsm;rwdk;Edki fwJhae&mawGuRefawmfwdkYwdk;cJhwmyJ. . . }}[ kcsufBuD;u ajymonf/ ajymNyD;vQi f
t omji drfaeonf/ ji drfaeonfht wGi f;wGi f *syefwdkYudk ppfOD; raMumufrGHU? rwGefYrqkwf?
okwfoi fcJh&onfudkt auseyfBuD;auseyfumawG;&i f;awm&i f; yDwdusae[ efvuP mSdonf/
i burlvlrsdK;pHkat mi fjri fzl;onfr[ kwf/ csufBuD;aNymoGm;aomt *FvdyfwdkY?t ar&duefwdkY?kSwdkY
qdko[ mawGudk rqdkxm;bdOD;? ArmrsdK;awmi frS pHkat mi fjri fzl;onf r[ kwfyg/ odkYaomf vlrSefvQi f
ESmacgi f;ESpfayguf?yg;pyfuefYvefYSdvdrfhrnfudkolawG;wwfygao;onf/ odkYayr, fhaeYvnfu olYorufu
oludk, fwdki feuef;wpfvHk;rSrzwfwwfaomkyfpHkpmt kyfBuD;udkjypOfu i bawGY&wJhvlawGuawmhwpfrsdK;yJ/
Edki fi HBuD;om;wdkY\ pufHkt vkyform;? v, form;rsm;rSmawmhwu, fhpnf;pdrfSi fBuD;rsm;vdk aexdki fEdki f
Muyguvm;/ pGyfxm;vdkufwJh bGwfzdeyfBuD;awGuvnf; w, faumi f;/ aeylrSmpdk;vdkY OD;xkyfuvnf;
aqmi f;vdkufao;/ ab;uvJ oHyef;uefjym;awG t xyfvdkufpDxm;ovdk xGefoGm;0dki f;0dki f;ESi fh
v, fxGefpufvnf; ygao;onf/ pyg;avSYonfyi fvQi fpufESi fhqdkyguvm;/ i gwdkYuawmhoHk;acsmi f;axmuf
avSYpi fuav;ESi fhqefaumwpfcsyfudki fNyD; avudkapmi fh&onfrSmpdwfnpfp&myJ/
]]udk, fhwdki f;udk, fhjynfvGwfvyfNyDvm;qdk&i fudk, fhArmaumi f;pm;a&;t wGufudk, fvkyfEdki fNyDaygh. .}}
[ kcsufBuD;u b0i fusae&mrSjzwfNyD;ajymvdkufonf/
armi fxi f ib


]]t J' DArmawGpm&i f;xJrSmwdkYawmom;rsm;aumyg&JUvm;uG, fh. . . }}[ ki bu pdk;&drfwBuD; ar;
vdkufonf/
]]t azuvJaemf. . . }}[ krdeDu 0i faxmufvdkufonf/
]]' DrSmawmh. . . olwdkYt csi f;csi f; pum;ajymaeMuwmt aumi f;om; . . . awmfu0i frIyfprf;ygeJY}}
[ krdazmhu t mP mSi fhavoHoHk;vdkufonf/
]]t ar&, f. . . t azvJ' kuokuMum;xJvljzpfvm&awmht awGYt BuHKrsm;NyD; [ dk' i f;odcsi f' D' i f;
odcsi faerSmayght ar&JU. . . t arwdkYu rodbl;aemf. . . t awGYt BuHKrsm;vmyvm;qdk&i fpOf;pm;wwf
vmwmyJ. . . t az[ mpOf;pm;wwfNyD. . . olodcsi fwmolar;wmaeygap t ar&, f. . . }}
odkY&mwGi fi bu olYudk, fol bmrQpOf;pm;wwfolr[ kwfao; bmudkb, fvdkar;&rSef; rodaom
aMumi fha&i Hkaevdkuf&onfu aumi f;ayvdrfhrnf[ koabm&Sdonf/ olYpdwfxJrSmrcHcsi fwmwpfckrSmum;
Armhaumi f;pm;a&; qdkonfrSmv, fv, f0, f0, fESi fhydkufqHSdNrdKUolNrdKUom;wpfawGaumi f;pm;a&;rQom
jzpfrnf/ i gwdkYawmom;rsufESmrGJrSmacR;wyfb0rSaeNyD; , yi fhjyKwfaomb0odkyomvQi f yxr t qi fh
t jzpfjzi fhwufvSrf;Edki fayOD;rnfponfht pGJuav; Sdae[ efwl\ / yg;pyfu yGpdyGpdESi fhvkyfNyD; ar;&ef[ ef
jyi frdonf/ rdazmhudkppfulawmi f;rnf[ kBuH rdazmhbufodkYwapmi f;vSnfhMunfh&mrdazmhEIwfcrf; plxm;
onfudkawGY t omji drfaevdkuf&onf/
csufBuD;u i bji drfcsufom; aumi f;aeonfudkt m;ray;vdkaomaMumi fhquf . . . ]]ArmEdki fi H[ m
awmom; Edki fi HyJr[ kwfvm; t az&JU. . . t J' DawmhArmhaumi f;pm;a&;a[ hqdk&i f uRefawmfwdkYawmom;
aumi f;pm;a&;yJ r[ kwfvm; . . . wdki f;jynfvGwfvyfawmhrSvJ awmom; v, form;awG&JUt qi fht wef;
jri fhvmrSmayght az&JU. . . }}[ ka&vmajrmi f;ay; vkyfMunfh\ /
odkYaomf i b wkwfwkwfrQrvIyf/ pOf;pm;a&;e, fy, fudkomcsJUvdkawmhonf/ vlBuD;olrrsm;ajym
onfhpum;t &qdkvQi f v, form;awmom;qdkonfrSmoDaygbk&i fri f;jrwf\ ab;awmfbdk;awmfwdkYvuf
xufup EGm;ESi fht wl zuf kef;cJh&onf/ , cki bwdkYt Si foci f 0dwdk&d, bk&i frBuD;\ jrpfawmfvuf
xufusaomf awmom;v, form;wdkYonf EGm;ESi fhyi f zuf kef;&jyefonf/ vGwfvyf wdk;wufvmNyD[ k
qdkonfhb0odkYa&mufvmNyD[ kqdkcgrSawmolawmi fom;wdkYrSmEGm;ESi fhwpfcgzufkef;&OD;rnfqdkvQi fi bwdkY
t zdkYrSmolwum0at mi fpm;zdkYt pmSmay;&onfhb0u wufEdki fMuOD;rnfr[ kwf/ roumpufESi fhzuf
kef;&vQi f awmfao;&JU/ onft wdki f;omqdkvQi f csufBuD;ajymwJhGwfSjynfrSmSdaomawmom;rsm; vlarG;
vlawmi faygufovdki gwdkYt b, frSmvQi f aygufEdki ft Hhenf;/ pyg;aps;uvnf; wpfcgvmwpf&mwpf&mh
at muf?ESpfcgvmvnf; wpf&mwpf&mhat muf/ om;orD;awGwdk;yGm;vmjyefaomaMumi fhajruvnf; usOf;
oxuf usOf;vmonf/ onfawmhumwpfaeYusvQi f vkyfp&majr rSdumrSv, form;rSmaumi f;pm;
&awmhrnfvm;/
csufBuD;uvnf; ol wwforQrSwforQuav;ESi fha, muravmi f;BuD;t m; t m;ay;t m;ajrmuf
jyKcsi fonf/ awmolawmi fom;wdkYbm0 vufawGYudkrS, kHMunfcsi fonf/ t m;xm;csi fonf/ vGwfvyfa&;
t &omudkvufawGYjyEdki frSi b vdkcsi faomqEwzGm;zGm;ay:aygufrnf/ qejyi f;jyrSvnf; vdkcsi faom
t &mudkt &, l&efBudK;pm;Edki frnf/ csufBuD;u awmom; awmom;csi f;rdkYajcudkjri fyg\ /
armi fxi f ib


]]udk, fhjynfeJYudk, fvGwfvyfNyDqdkawmhudk, fhpdwfBudKufOya' awGvkyfEdki fwmayght az&JU. . . t J' D
vdkt cgrsdK;rSm v, fajrawG a0jcrf;, lMuzdkY Oya' awGvkyfNyD; wpft drfaxmi f pm;avmufat mi f
awmom;awGudkv, fay;xm;NyD;NyDqdkrSjzi fh0rf;pmt wGuf ryl&awmhbl;aygh. . . }} [ kcsufBuD;u
udk, fhvdkbSd&mudkudk, fqG, f a[ mjyefonf/
i bonf pmwwfaywwfr[ kwf/ pum;udkrQav;vHk;uGJat mi f rajymwwf/ xdkYaMumi fhudk, fh
qEudkukd, f rdrd&& t rsm;em;vnfat mi f Si f;vi f;xkwfazmfajymwwfEdki fonf r[ kwfao;/ t enf;i , f
awG;awmpjyKvmonfht csdefumvrSmvnf; rMumao;yg/ wpfoufvHk; awmom;yDyD? dk;dk;ukyfukyfESi fh
cyfat ;at ;yi f aewwfcJhygonf/ rqdki fonfudkenf;enf;rQrawG;cJhzl;yg/ odkYaomf xdkodkYat ;at ;aeNyD;
rqdki fonfudkrawG;cJhrdaomaMumi fhacR;wyft qGJcHcJh&onf/ udk, fhaowGi f; udk, fwl;cJh&onf/ t nOf;qJ
cHcJh&onf/ xdkt cgrsm;u bm0g' nm0g' orm;awGawmom;i bt m; vSnfh yi frMunfhcJhay/ xdkYaMumi fh
AkwfokwfcavmuxJwGi f w0J0Jwvnfvnf aecJh&pOfu ' kuqdkaomausmi f;q&mBuD;u aerI xdki frI?
oGm;rI vmrI? awG;awmrIawGudkvufxyfoi fay;vdkufonfudkomi b rSwfom;xm;zl;onf/ xdkYaMumi fh
t awG;P f&i fhoefNyD[ kqdk&ygrnf/ odkYaomfxdkawG;vHk;awmvHk;wdkYudkt rsm;em;vnfat mi fajymzdkYrqdk
xm;ESi fh?oludk, fwdki fem;vnfat mi frQyi fvQi fjyefvSefrqi fjci fwwfao;acs/
olY&i fwGi f; 0kef;okef;um;jzpfaeonf/ v, form;Edki fi H v, form; wdk;wufrIt wGuf
v, form;t a&; Sd&rnfudkolawG;rdonf/ v, form; t a&;qdkjyefvQi fvnf; EGm;ESi fhzufkef;&onfhb0rS
aSUodkYwpfawmi fausmf rnfoljri fcJhygoenf;/ onfuJhodkYEGm;ESi fhzufkef;rIonfomvQi fvGwfvyfaom
Edki fi HBuD;om;wdkY\ t ajcjzpfygonfqdkvQi fvnf; v, form;t a&;&, fvdkYbmaMumi fhSd&rSmwkef;/ odkYaomf
pufaoewf? puft ajrmuf? t EkjrLAHk;acwfxJwGi f ESpfzufcRef0g' wGi fus, fEdki frnfavm[ kpOf;pm;p&m
Sdao;onf/ onfawmhumawmom;b0udkwdk;wufapzdkYt wGuf v, fudkomt m;udk;&rnfavm/ i b
rsufpdxJwGi f kyfpHkpmt kyfxJrSpufHkBuD;awG? pufrIvufrIud&d, mawGudkomjri f aeonf/ xdkud&d, m
rsm;ESi fholvkyfaeaomv, fuGufudkt enf;enf;t zHkzHkqufpyfMunfhrd\ / b, fbufurSqufpyf r&acs/
csufBuD;rlum; ppfom;jzpfaeaomaMumi fh aoewfomvQi f vufawGYjzpfonf/ oabmokyf
qdkonfudkem;rvnf/ odkYaomf vli , fvlG, fjzpf pdwful;, OfzdkYavmufomodonf/ pdwful;, Of, OfESi fh
ajym&vQi f olYbufygvmrnf[ k t pGJSdonf/ xdkYaMumi fh a, muravmi f;BuD;qDrSpum;jyef&vdk&ji m;
xyfNyD;ajymvdkufao;onf/
]]t Jovdkv, form;awGrSm0rf;pmvHkavmufNyD; ydkvQHvmawmhvdkbjynfhua&m. . . t vdkjynfh
awmhpdwfauseyfua&m. . . pdwfauseyfawmhat ;csrf;ua&m. . . at ;csrf;rI&awmhrSvGwfvyfa&;
t &omudk. . . }}
i bu ]t [ Gwf . . . t [ Gwf}ESi fhacsmi f;qdk;vdkufonf/ ]]<uufavQmufwef;u vsufqm;
ykvi f;uav; urf;vdkufprf;yg. . . }}[ krdazmhudkvSrf; ajymonf/ csufBuD;u t jyi frSaeNyD; i b
vsufqm;vsufaomjywfjywfoHudkem;pGi fhonf/
]]csufBuD;&. . . }}[ kqdkumyP mrysKd;vdkuf&macsmi f;uqdk;vSojzi fhw[ Gwf[ GwfESi fhaeonf/
onft xJ rdazmhu vsufqm;ykvi f;xJrSvsufqm;udki bvuf0g;xJwGi fxyfxnfh&i f; ]]awmf[ mav . . .
t vdkufrodt m;rem? uav;awG[ molwdkYt a&;t wGuf wxi fhxi fhaewkef;rSmrqDrqdki fwmawG0i fNyD;
armi fxi f ib


*GawmaevdkY' Dudpb, fNyD;rvJawmh. . . ae&musyHkay:&i fvJ 0, fzdkYjcrf;zdkYpDpOf&OD;r, f . . . ckESpfpOf
t rQi fwef;raeeJY. . . }}[ kusdwfNyD; owday;vdkuf\ /
]]aMomf. . . ' Dvdkvm; . . . }}[ ki bu avoHudkt kyfNyD; ajym\ / odkYaomfcsufBuD;u aumi f;pGm
Mum;vdkufojzi fholYa, muravmi f;BuD; t awmfoabmaygufoGm;NyD[ kxi frSwfvdkuf\ /
]]t J . . . t J . . . t az&JU. . . t J' DvdkpOf;pm;MunfhawmhrSt &omay:wmuvm; . . . [ kwfuJh
r[ kwfvm; t az . . . }}[ kcsufBuD;u i bt m; vGwfvyfa&;t &omudkjrnf;apNyD; a0zefcsufawmi f;
av\ /
]]at ;[ Jh. . . pm;MunfhawmhrSt &omay:w, f. . . awmfawmfcsdKom;yJ. . . EG, fcsdKuJxm;wmudk;}}
[ ki bu a0zefolt ac:cHynmSdwdkY\ avoHjzi fhajymvdkuf\ /
csufBuD;u t jyi fbufcef; uGyfyspfay:rSmxdki f&i f; yg;pyft a[ mi f;om;ESi fhae\ / t em;u rdeDu .
. . ]] uJ. . . rSwfua&mh. . . }}[ kqdk csufBuD;\ ausmudkxk\ /
i bu t wGi f;bufcef;t dyf&may:rSmyufvufvSef&mrSxvdkuf&i f; rdazmhxnfhay;aomvsuf
qm;udkvuf0g;ay:rSvQmay:odkYwi fNyD; vsufvdkuf\ / t em;u rdazmhu . . . ]]w, fav . . . b, fpum;
b, fajymvdkYb, fa&mufrSef; rodyJeJY. . . }}[ kqdk wi fyg;udkqdwfvdkuf\ / i bu t csufay;onfudk
&dyfrdNyD; pum;udkjzwf&eft wGufpum;p Sm\ /
]]uJ. . . csufBuD;&JU. . . i ghom;ubmajymajym. . . t [ Gwf. . . t [ Gwf. . . }}[ kpMunfh\ /
i ghom;[ krawmfao;ci fac:vdkuf&onfrSmi bvQmxJ , m;usdusdjzpfoGm;onf/
]][ kwfuJht az . . . }}[ kcsufBuD;u 0i faxmufonf/
]]at ; . . . at ; . . . i ghom;u bmajymajym?wdkYawmi folv, form;awG[ maSUavQmufNyD; EGm;eJY
zufkef;&r, fht wlwljzpf&i f ri fhvGwfvyfa&;awGbmawGw, frxl;ygbl;uGm. . . roumpufeJY
zufkef;&r, fqdk&i fawmfao;o[ . . . t J' Dawmhri fhvGwfvyfa&;qdko[ mrsdK;[ mt prf;oHk;MunfhNyD; jyef
t yfvdkYr&bl;vm;v[ . . . }}[ kpum;rajymrajymESi fhajymrnfhajymawmhvnf; *Gawmvdkufonf/
]][ m. . . t azuvnf; . . . }}[ kcsufBuD;u nnf;onf/
]]t J' Dawmh. . . uJuGm. . . ' Dt vkyf[ mri fht arajym&r, fht vkyfuG, fh. . . ' i f;u
rajymwwfrqdkwwfqdkawmhi gt azvkyfoluyJ ajym&awmhr, f . . . olrsm;wumawGvGwfvyfa&;xuf
wdkYvGwfvyfa&;u t a&;BuD;aeouG, fh. . . ' Dawmhri f;wdkYESpfOD;vJ vGwfvGwfvyfvyfaeEdki fzdkYu ri f;wdkY
udk, fwdki f' DnrSmqHk;jzwfMuayawmh. . . }}
csufBuD;u ' Dvdkqdkawmhvnf; t bdk;BuD;u t vmBuD;yguvm;[ kat mufarhvdkufonf/
]]uRefawmfwdkYudpuawmht aza&U. . . uRefawmfht wGuf bmrSpOf;pm;zdkYrvdkawmhygbl; . . .
uRefawmf[ marwmysufvdkYxGufoGm;wmr[ kwfbl; . . . olrsm; t apmfum;rcHcsi fvGef;vdkYjAKef;ceJ
wyfrawmfxJ kyfzsufNyD; 0i fvdkufwmygyJ . . . olYt ay: pdwfukefwmr[ kwfawmhrdeDqHk;jzwfzdkYyJ vdkyg
awmhw, f. . . }}
armi fxi f ib


]]uJ. . . uJ. . . orD; rdeDuvJb0a[ mi f;awGudkarhypfvdkufygawmhorD;&, f. . . b0opfeJY
b, fvdkaer, fxdki fr, fqdkwmompOf;pm;yg . . . }}[ krdazmhu 0i f axmufay;vdkufonf/ rdeDu
SufSufESi fhrajymwwfrSmpdk; rdazmhu aSUaevdkufjci f; jzpfonf/ odkYaomfrdeDuav;u awmoluav;rdkY
bGi f;bGi f;Si f;Si f;yJajymwwfygao;onf/
]]uRefruawmht azwdkYt arwdkYoabmwpfckygyJ. . . }}[ krdeDuajym&i f; rsufvHk;rSrsuf&nfrsm;
NydK qi f;vmonfudkt uFsDvufjzi fhqD;cHvdkufonf/
]]uJ. . . uJ. . . ' gjzi fh&i fNyD;a&mayghuG, f. . . }}[ ki bu qdk\ /
]]' Dudpat mi fjri fNyDayghaemf . . . ' Dawmhi gvJ GmwufNyD; aeYaumi f;&ufomaG;r, f . . .
csufBuD;wdkYt arudkvJt aMumi f;Mum;r, f. . . t drfaxmi fypnf;vJ0, fcJhr, f. . . ' Dt wGi f;rSmcsufBuD;uvJ
wyfrawmfudpt wGufoGm;p&mSdw, fqdkwmjrefjrefoGm; jrefjrefvm. . . ri f;jyefvmEdki fr, fhaeUeJYqdki fNyD;rS
&ufowfr, f. . . r*Fvmudpudkawmh' Dv, fuGi f;xJrSmyJt usOf;kef;MuygpdkYuG, f. . . [ kwfuvm; . . . }}
[ ki bu t pDt pOfawGudkajymjyumt rsm;oabmwlcsuft wGufapmi fhpm;&efavSdefowfvdkufonf/
wdwfqdwfjci f;onfoabmwlnDjci f;udkjyonf/
xdkYaMumi fhi bu onfudpt wGufawmhNyD;pD;ygNyD/ t dyfa&;ysufrnfpdk;aomaMumi fhapmapmt dyf&m
0i fMurSaumi f;rnf[ kt BuHay;vdkufonf/
xdkt BuHay;csufudkt rsm;oabmwlvufcHvdkufMuNyD;vQi ft oD;oD;t ou t dyf&modkY0i fMuonf/
odkYaomf csufBuD; rwi frus rausrcsrf; jzpfaeonfhudprSmi bonf csufBuD;ajymonfh
pum;rsdK;udk em;r0i fEdki fjci f;yi f jzpfonf/ vlrSefvQi f Edki fi Ha&;ow0gjzpf&rnf[ laom pum;rSm
vGwfvyfaomEdki fi Hom;wdkY Nrdefa&, Sufa&ajymaompum;jzpfonf rSef\ / odkYaomf pOf;pm;bdOD;
armi fcsufBuD;/ i gwdkYawmom;awG[ mvlvdkraecJh&ao;yguvm;/
, ckMunfhprf;avmh/ i bonfvGwfvyfa&;udkvnf; oabmrayguf?' dkrDeD, efudkvnf; em;rvnf/
' Drdkua&pDqdkonfrSmvnf; a0vma0;/ uGefjrLepfudk Armvdk bHk0g' [ kSi f;jyvQi f olrsm;ypnf;udk
t acsmi fbHk;&r, fh0g' [ l omi bu t "dym, faumufacsrnf/ jynfolYqEodzdkYi budkrJay;cdki f;vQi faus;
GmwGi f Adkvfusaeaomvlrdkufacgi f;aqmi fwdkYu Zm0Dwkwfudkvufudki fyk0gESi fht kyfudki fNyD; . . . ]]' DyHk;xJ
xnfh?[ dkbufyHk;xJxnfh&i f' gMunfh. . . }}[ kqdkumt Edki fusi fh&mbufodkYvdkuf qErJay;rdvdrfhrnf/
i bbufuaeNyD; awG;jyefvQi fvnf; csufBuD; b, favmufyi frausrcsrf;jzpfjzpfolYt zdkYolYt Si f
oci frsm; jyefvmNyDjzpf 0rf;om&awmhrnf/ t rSefrSmcsufBuD; pdwfraus rsufpdaMumi faeonfESi fht rQ
i brSmaemi fa&;t wGuf t auseyfBuD; auseyfumrsufpdaMumi faeonf/ rsufpdaMumi fawmh0rf;Adkufqm
ovdkvdkSdonf/ qmovdkvdkSdawmhat mufarhao;awmhonf/
i bu rdazmhudkavoHjzi fh. . . ]]qmouG, f. . . t J' Dvdkqmawmhi gu at mufarhao;ouG, fh. .}}
[ kqdk\ /
rdazmhu . . . ]]bmrSat mufarhraeeJUawmh. . . nu bmrSrusefawmhbl; . . . }}[ kqdk\ /
armi fxi f ib


]]r[ kwfbl;uG, fh. . . csufBuD; t &ompum;awGajymawmhi guvnf; awG;rdyg&JU. . . ' gayr, fh
aumi fuav; oabmrusrSmpdk;vdkUrajym0Hhbl; . . . wpfu, fqdkawmh' Dt &omrsdK; b, ft &omrS
rrDbl;uG, fh. . . }}
]]t rav; . . . awmfu pum;BuD;pum;us, fajymaejyefNyD. . . usKyfem;rvnfygbl; . . . }}
]]t ckvdkqmawmhydkNyD;awmi faumi f;ao;ouGJU. . . aMomf. . . i ghom;uav; ESpfcgv, fausmf
vmNyD. . . ' grsdK; rawGY&ao;bl; . . . olYt xufu t aumi fawGawmhpm;zl;yg&JU. . . }}
]]' DrSm. . . t dyfygawmhawmfh. . . bmawGzspfawmufzspfawmufeJYnnf;aewmvJ. . . }}
]]nnf;wmr[ kwfbl;uG, fh. . . csufBuD;ajymwJht &omxufaumi f;wmawGYxm;vdkY. . . }}
]]bmrsm;ygvdrfhawmf. . . }}
]]ukvm;rjci f;awmi f;qGJwHqdyf EdkYqDayghv[ . . . xri f;Burf;eJYrsm; a&mpm;vdkuf&&i f b, fu
avmuft &omSdovJvdkY. . . wdkYt Si ft *Fvdyft pdk;&ri f;rsm; jyefvmNyDqdkawmhEIwfcrf;omjyi faya&mh. .}}

t cef; (13)
i b\ at mi fyGJ

csufBuD;u wpfvt wGi f; v, fuGi f;xJt a&mufNyefvmcJhygrnfqdkNyD; xGufoGm;onfrSmwpfv
jynfhvkeD;NyD/ oljyefvmonfESi fhwpfNydKi feuf om;a&;orD;a&;udpNyD;jywfat mi f pDrH&rnf/ rdazmhSdaomf
vnf; rdeDt wGufqdkvQi fi brSmudk, fyJt rd?udk, fyJt z jzpfawmhonf/ rdazmhu t &m&mav;rsdK;rSmbmrQ
pdwfcs&onfr[ kwf/ t &yfuvnf; t ajymi f;t vGJqdkaomaMumi fh"m;jyuawmhxHk;pHt wdki f; xwkef; yi f
jzpfonf/ odkYayr, fhoi f;wdkYrcHEdki fygbl;/ pum;yHkut Sdom;yJ/ ]]a*smhbk&i f aTbkef;? aewEIef; yrm, l}}
qdkwmoi f;wdkYrodvdkYaygh/ cP ygyJ/ awmfawmfMumNi drfoufoGm;rnfjzpfonf/ odkYaomfrNi drfoufrDumv
t cdkuft wefYrSm0, fa&;jcrf;a&;t wGufzat vkkyfaomolu udk, fwdki fGmwufNyD;pDpOf&rSmyJ/
owi f;oefYoefYMum;&onfrSmqdwfBuD;ukef;Gm t a&mi f;t 0, f MuufysHruspnfum;vsufSdNyD/
xHkt m;ukefpHkqdki fvnf; cgwdki f;uJhodkYyi f jyefzGi fhaeNyD/ NrdKUvnf; ppft kyfcsKyfa&;a&mufaeNyD/ wavmu
qdwfBuD;ukef;Gmudkyi fvQi f ppfoabFmuav;rsm; vm qdkufMuao;onf[ kMum;&onf/ uav;awGudk
oMum;vHk;a0onfrSm' d| yJ[ kajymMuonf/ a&ausmf0qdki fpku bkr&JUom;uav;u olYOD;av;wpfa, muf
ESi fhGmwufoGm;&mt om;eDpyfpyf?t ar&duefwpfOD;ESi fhawGY olYxHrSoMum;vHk;rsm;&vdkufonf/ t Jonf
oMum;vHk;uav;udkuav;u t rSwfw& odrf;qnf;, lvmcJhNyD; bkrudkay;owJh/ t ay:, Hu qDpdrf
puLacsmacsmuav;ESi fhxkyfxm; pm;awmht vGeft &omSdonf qdkyguvm;/ t Jonfowi f;udkomt d
ajym i b od&onf/ onfudkaxmufvQi fGmwufzdkYt wGufpdwfcs&awmhrnf/
xdkYaMumi fhrdazmh? rdeD? om;orD;t aygi f;ESi fhwuGwJeD;yg;csi f;wdkYudki b rSdwkef; t ppt &m&m
owd0D&d, ESi fhaexdki fMuzdkYrSmcJhNyD;aomf i bonf qdwfBuD;ukef;GmodkYwufav\ / qdwfBuD;ukef;a&muf
vQi faS;a[ mi f;aESmi f;jzpfawGawG;rdNyD; qdwfBuD;ukef;udkyi fpdwfem&awmhrvdkvdk?vlYabmi fwpfckvHk;udkyi f
pdwfem&awmhrvdkvdk jzpfrdonf/ GmxJrSmaus;Zl;Si f OD;oma*gi fBuD;uJhodkY oDvorm"dSdol SmrS
Sm;onf/ crsmbkrodbrodESi fh*syeft owfcH&onf/ , ckaus;Zl;Si fudk, fpm; OD;oma*gi fhrdef;romvQi f
usefcJhonf/ ol\ rsufESmudkb, fvdkvkyfNyD; Munfh&yghrwkef;/ OD;oma*gi fht drfa&mufaomt cgOD;oma*gi fh
armi fxi f ib


rdef;r a' :arT;t Hku i budkjri fonfESi fhwpfNydKi feufqD; i dkonf/ i buvnf; i dkrnf[ kt m;xkwfMunfh\ /
odkYaomfrsuf&nfwdkYrSmcef;ajcmufcJhNyDwum;/
a' :arT;t Hkuvnf; vm&i f;udpudkar;onf/ i buvnf; wdkwdkyi ft pD&i fcHonf/ OD;oma*gi fBuD;
&nfpl;cJhonfht wdki f; jzpfajrmufoGm;aomaMumi fha' :arT;t Hku olYvi fudkwwNyD; wpfcsDxyfi dkvdkufao;
onf/
]]i ba&. . . ' Dt aMumi f;awGudkar;r, fhomar;&w, f . . . yef;ZHkajymjyvdkYod&ygNyD. . .
csufBuD;u wyfrawmfudkt jyefrSmolYt arqD0i foGm;ao;wmuvm; . . . t J' DurSwpfcgusKyfqDvmNyD;
uefawmhoGm;ao;oawmh. . . t J' DawmhcyfjrefjrefNyD;oaphcsi fw, fqdk&i fyef;ZHkqDudkoGm;vdkufOD; . . . oGm;
zdkYawmhrvdkbl;ayghav . . . i gwdkYNyD;&i fNyD;ygw, f. . . ' gayr, fhxHk;pHt wdki f;awmhvkyfOD;rSyJuG, fh. . . }}
a' :arT;t HknTefMum;csuft &ryef;ZHkxHi b oGm;onf/ awmom;wdkYbm0 em;azmufonfhpum;rSm
t vGefvG, fygonf/ udef;BuD;cef;BuD;vkyf&ef rvdkyg/ xdkYaMumi fhxdkudprSmt xpft ai ghrSdyJ NyD;pD;&jyefyg
onf/
]]rdazmhwdkYu dk;vGef;t m;BuD;awmhAsm. . . usKyfyJ t rd?usKyfyJ t z jzpfaew, f. . . ' gaMumi fh
0, fa&;jcrf;a&;udprSmusKyfyJ vkyf&rSmyJ . . . uJ . . . t csdefSdwkef; oGm;vdkufOD;r, f. . . }}[ ki bu
ryef;ZHkBuD;t m; ajymjyumwkwfxHkt m;ukefpHkqdki fSd&mbufodkYavQmuf vmcJhonf/
0, fzdkYjcrf;zdkYai Gi g;axmi fuvnf; vG, ft dwfBuD;xJrSmygvmonf/ ai Gudk, ckuJhodkYwpfcgbl;rQ
t xkyfvdkuf rvG, fzl;avaomaMumi fhpdwfuvnf; rsm;pGmrvHk? onft xJrSmvrf;oGm;vrf;vmolrsm;u
ai GxkyfBuD;udkcP cP Munfhonf/ wcsdKUuvnf; i budkjri fzl;ovdkvdkESi fhNyHK; jyonf/ t csdKUu t oH
xGufat mi f&, fvdkufao;onf/ at mf. . . ydkufqHrsufESmqdko[ mt vGefwefcdk;BuD;yguvm;/ aS;wkef;u
awmom; i bqdkvQi f NyHK;zdkY&, fzdkYrajymESi fhacgi f;ndwfNyD;EIwfqufazmfawmi f Smr&bl;/ , ckawmhodol
aum? rodola&mac:csi fajymcsi fSdMuonf/ odkYayr, fhavmuBuD;u t Iyfom;? i gwdkYawmom;t ay:
pum;a&mazma&mvkyfNyD; t acsmi fokwfcsi fMuvdkYvm;rSrodyJ/
t i f; . . . *syefvufxufrSmt ESdyfpufcHcJh&onfrSmaS;uajymcJhovdkolY0#feJYolyJ Sdygapawmh/
, ckvdk acwfopfxlaxmi fEdki fzdkY? i b b0opfzefwD;Edki fzdkY vufxJrSm t qi foi fh av;i g;axmi f
usef&pfcJhonfht wGuf aus;Zl;wi frnfqdkvQi f wi favmufayonf/ aus;Zl;qdkonfrSm SmwwfrS
awGY&ayoudk;/ oi f;wdkYudkawmi f aus;Zl;wi fxdkufonfqdkvQi f i gwdkY\ udk;uG, f&mt Si foci f jzpfaom
t *Fvdyfri f;rsm;udkydkNyD; aus;Zl;wi fSdxdkufvSayoaygh/ t i f; . . . olwdkYjyefvmNyDqdkvQi fyJ wdkYwpfawG
a&csrf;t dk;BuD; jzpfawmhrnf/ , kwfpGt qHk; t drfu t i , faumi fuav; ukvm;rjci f;awmi f;qGJEdkYqDqrf;wJh
xri f;Murf;cJ pm;&awmhrnf/ t drfu xGufvmcgeD;rSmawmi fvlajymolajymESi fhaumi fuav;u t awmfBuD;
vlyg;0vdkufao; onf/ ]]t azausmwJh EdkYqDqdkwm usm;csi f' , f . . . }} wJh/ olYcrsm
olrsm;wpfawGajymvdkYom Mum;&onf? EdkYqDqdkonfrSm rkefYysm;ovufvdk udkufpm;&onf[ k
at mufarhaeao;onf/ ]][ Jh. . . uav;&JU. . . EdkYqDqdkwmESmacgi f;xJuxGufwJhESyfacs;vdkyJ[ Jh. . . }}[ k
ylqmvGef;t m;BuD; GHat mi f ajymjyygaomfvnf; aumi fuav;u t Jonf ESyfacs;ESi fhwlaomEdkYqDudkrS
pm;csi fonfqdkonf/ pm;&rSmayghom;&, f?i b t oufESi fhcEmNrJNyD; t jrwfusef&pfcJhonfhaemufEdkYqDqdkwm
rcJ, Of;awmhbl;a[ h/
armi fxi f ib


ryef;ZHkwdkYO, smOfrSonf xHkt m;qdki fodkYpOf;pm; aumi f;aumi f;ESi fhavQmufvm&mGmawmi fbuf
t csdK;rSm' DvHk;cJESi fhcvkwfwdkufrd pnf;pdrft awmfysufoGm;ao;onf/
EdkYqDqdkwmbmcJ, Of;p&mSdovJ/ bdvyfoabFmBuD;awGESi fhygvmawmhrnf/ , i f;odkYqdkvQi fi b
b0opfzefwD;a&;t wGufwt m;wuf&jyefNyD/ csufBuD;wdkYrSmvli , fomjzpf aSUaemufrwdki f;xGmwwf/
oi f;wdkYonf pGefYzdkYavmufomawG;wwfNyD; pm;zdkYudkrl rawG;wwf/ t rsm;BudKuf0g' ? udk, fydki ft kyf
csKyfa&;paompum;BuD;pum;us, frsm;onf t wHk;vdkuft wpfvdkuf 0g;pm; &aumi f;onfr[ kwf/ xHk;pH
t wdki f; udk, fvkyfrSudk, fpm;&rnf/ rdazmhESi fht drfaxmi fusuwnf;u &nfrSef;xm;aomudprsm; t Si f
t *Fvdyft pdk;&ri f;wdkYjyefvmrSyJt xajrmufawmhrnf/ rdazmhESi fhi bu , ckSd&i f;pGJv, fuGufudkvkyfrnf/
csufBuD;ESi fhrdeDwdkYurl omt d\ wluav;udkaemufvdkufxm;NyD; , ckv, fajr\ ajrmufbuf yxrwef;
ajruav;udka' :arT;t HkqDu xyfi Sm; t vkyfvkyfMurnf/ oHk;ESpfoHk;rdk;t wGi f;wGi fv, faumi f;pGmrvkyfcJh
&aomaMumi fhpyg;t vGefSm;vdrfhrnf/ xdkYaMumi fhpyg;aps;wufrnf/ onft wGi f; oHk;av;ESpfavmufdk;dk;
ukyfukyf t vkyfvkyf&vQi f om;orD;awGudkvnf; Si fjyKEdki frnf/ onfhaemufqdkvQi f rdeDESi fhcsufBuD;wdkYudk
rsufESmvTJEdki fayawmhrnf/ t J' Dt cga&mufNyDqdkvQi f rdazmhESi fht wl bk&m;oGm;ausmi f;wufESi fhoHo&ma&;
t wGufvkyfEdki frnf/ ' DvdkqdkvQi f0rf;omzdkYw, faumi f;yguvm;/
0rf;omvHk;qdkY aeaomaMumi fh aemufxyfwpfcsuf cvkwfwdkufrdonfudkrQyi f owdrxm;Edki f?
xHkt m;qdki fay: wufcgrSyi fajcruGJrSaoG;xGufaeonfudkawGY& a&eHESi fhodyf&ao;onf/
xHkt m;qdki fSi f t zdk;u i budkrjri f&onfrSmMumNyDjzpf , ckuJhodkYjyefawGYaomt cg0rf;omrd
onf/ ysLysLi Smi Smjzi fhEIwfqufonf/ vufzuf&nfMurf;udkudk, fwdkufi SJY wdkufonf/ ]]0rf;pmpAsm. . .
0rf;pmpAsm. . . }}[ kcP cP yg;pyfu a&Gwfonf/
0rf;omp&mMuD;ayy/ onfvdkt csdeft cgrsdK;rSmi bt wGuf&nfpl; yGJt Ni drfhawGwNcdrfhNcdrfhcHay;zdkYyi f
aumi f;vSonf/
odkYi bESi fhwkwft zdk;BuD;wdkY0rf;xJwGi fESpfusdyfSpfqlbk&m;yGJBuD; vSnfhaeonfESi fhvm&i f; udp
udkyi farhawhawhjzpfrdonf/ t csi f;csi f; aS;a[ mi f;aESmi f;jzpfrsm;udkpm;NrHKUjyefNyD;cgrSt aMumi f;udkazmfEdki f
SmMuonf/ i bu xHkt m;qdki fSi ft m; udpt aMumi f; ajymjyaomt cgt bdk;BuD;u t vGef oabmus
onf/ csufBuD;udk. . . ]]w, fawmfwJhaumi fuav; . . . }}[ kcsD;rGrf;vdkufaomt cgi brSmpdwfBuD;
rsm;yi fvQi f0i frdao;onf/
]]vdkcsi fwmt m;vHk; , lpGm;ayghav . . . ci fAsm;ajymwJhypnf;av t m;vHk; pkpkaygi f; . . . }}
xHkt m;qdki fSi ft zdk;BuD;u ayoD;udkxkwfNyD; wkwfvdka&Gwf&i f; a*smufa*smuf*suf*sufESi fhpm&i f;
wGufonf/
]]t m;vHk;qdk&i fav . . . ESpf&mhi g;q, f ca, mufu, yf wDrwf usv, f . . . ca, mufu, yf
wDrwfapmhay;vdkufr, fav . . . vufi i f;ay;&i f. . . }}
]]vufi i f;ayghaygufazmfBuD;&. . . }}[ ki buajym&i f; ai Gt dwfBuD;udkpm;yGJay:odkYrmefygygESi fh
ypfwi fvdkkufonf/
armi fxi f ib


i bum; bmrQrajym/ orufESi fhorD;wdkYudkac: t drfaxmi fypnf;rsm;udkt o, fcdki f;onf/ NyD;
vQi fai GpuLvG, ft dwfBuD;udkajz t drfaSUwvi f;jyi f yHkcsonf/
rdazmhu . . . ]]' gbmvkyfwmvJ . . . }}[ kar;onf/ olYvi fl;rsm;l;vmNyDvm;[ kat mufarh
onf/
i bu puLrSt ywfrsm;udkcGm puLGufrsm;udkwpfGufpDwpfGufpDaeat mi fzGonf/ at mufu
uepdki kwfwpfpESpfp cHxm;onf/
i g;axmi fzdk;rQaompuLwdkYudk, i f;odkYwvi f;xJyHkNyD;aomf rD;zdkacsmi fxJrSrD;&J&JESi fhjri f;uom;
xi f;udk, lvmNyD;vQi foN*K[ forIjyKav\ /
rdazmhu &i fbwfpnfwD;jzi fh. . . ]]rdeDwdkY? csufBuD;wdkYvmMuygOD;[ Jh. . . onfwpfcgawmh
ei fwdkYt az l;ygyaum[ Jh. . . }}[ kt oHukeft vefYwMum; at mfvdkufonf/
csufBuD;? rdeDESi fhuav;rsm; 0dki f;t HkvmMuonf/ vIyfvIyfGGoHMum; a[ mf&D;wdkYvlpkvnf; ajy;
vmonf/ omt dESi fhjrwfarT;wdkYvnf; 0dki f;vmonf/
rdazmhu . . . ]]t &yfuwdkYvkyfMuygOD; . . . usKyfvi fawmhaq;rdvmyvm; rajymwwfbl; . . . }}
[ kqdkjyef\ /
csufBuD;u . . . ]]t ar . . . ri dkeJY. . . ri dkeJY. . . t azvkyfwm' Dwpfcgenf;vrf;usw, f. . .
uRefawmfvJ t arhudkrajymt m;ao;vdkYyJ . . . *syefpuLawG[ mroHk;&awmhbl; . . . t *Fvdyfu
aMunmNyD;NyD. . . }}[ kqdk\ /
xdkt cgwGi f rdazmhvnf; xbDudkpGefawmi fqGJ rD;yHkem;odkYvTm;ceJuyfNyD;vQi f i b IdUxm;aom
puLyHkBuD;udk0g;jcrf;jym;ESi fhzGay;&i f; wzspfawmufawmufESi fha&Gwfavonf/
rD;yHkBuD;rSmt xufodkY vufckyfwpfazmi fpmavmufeD;eD; wSdefxdk;wufNyD;rS jyefusoGm;onf/
uav;rsm;u t m;&0rf;omvufckyfvuf0g;wD;Muonf/ a[ mf&D;ESi fht l&d, mukvm;wpfpku . . . ]]*syef
awGt m;vHk; ' DvdkrmvuwGm;w, faemf. . . uef;w, fSdw, f. . . }}[ kcsD;usL;onf/ omt dESi fhjrwf
arT;wdkYuvnf; rD;yHkaSUwGi f0dki f;zGJU r[ mrdwfedyGefwdkYolwdkYai GpuLrsm; avmi fpmoi fhovdkoi fhMuygap&ef
qkrGefaumi f; awmi f;Muonf/
i bu rD;yHkudkMunfhNyD; 0rf;om0rf;enf; rsufESmxm;wpfrsdK;jzi fhawGaeonf/ xdkYaemufvufoD;udk
qkyf nmvufudkab;odkYwef;NyD;vQi f wHawmi fqpfudkaxmi fhrSefusat mi f csdK;vdkufonf/ ajczaemi fhESi fh
ajrudkaqmi fhao;onf/ i bomvQi f bk&m;avmi f;jzpfbdrlum; r[ myx0DajrBuD;onf xdk' P fudkrcH
&yfEdki faomaMumi fhi vsi fvIyfrdayvdrfhrnf/
]]oci frsdK;a[ hwdkYArm. . . t a&;awmfyHkat mi fNyD. . . }}[ ki bu t oHukef[ pfvdkufav onf/
uGi f;aemufzufawmwef;uav;u i b at mfovdkvdkuf at mfonf/
i bu , ckuJhodkYat mfMunfhjyefawmhvnf; at mf t &omSdom;yJ/ rdrdu wdki foHay;onfudk
awmwef;uav;u azmufvdkufonfrSmvnf; em;axmi f t aumi f;om;yJ/
armi fxi f ib


odkYaomfolb, ft a&;awmfyHkudkat mi fvdkufygvdrfh[ kpOf;pm;Munfhrdonf/
olYaSUu rD;yHkuav;rSmjymusoGm;NyD;vQi frGJonfxufrGJ vmavonf/
t Si fBuD; oci fBuD;wdkYt m;udk;ESi fhi baqmufwnfvmcJhaomi b\ aemi fa&;rSmvnf; i baSUu
rD;yHkuav;xJwGi fyg oGm;avonf/

armi fxi f/
armi fxi f

t b OD;wa&mi f? t rda' : pdefyGi fhwdkYrSjrefrmou&mZf 1270 jynfhESpf (t *FvdyfESpf 1909) wGi f
vyGwmNrdKU arG;zGm;onf/ t rnf&i f; OD;xi fzwfjzpfonf/
vyGwmNrdKUq&mOD;cED\ jrefrmpmoi fausmi f;ESi fhq&mOD;zdk;xGef;\ jrefrmpmoi fausmi f;wdkYwGi f
pmoi f 1920 jynfhESpfwGi fajrmi f;jrNrdKUt *Fvdyf-jrefrmESpfbmomt pdk;&t v, fwef;ausmi f;wGi fqufvuf
pmoi fonf/ xdkESpfwGi f ausmi f;om; oydwf[ kac:aomt rsdK;om;a&;vIyf&Sm;rI ay:ayguf ajrmi f;jrNrdKU
wdki f;&i f;om; t xufwef;ausmi f;udkwnfaxmi faomt cgxdkausmi f; t v, fwef; ynmudkoi f, lonf/
1923-26 ckESpfwGi f &efukefNrdKUNrdKUr t xufwef;ausmi f; qufvuf ynmoi f, l&m[ dkufpul; zdki fe, fac:
q, fwef;pmar;yGJat mi fonf/
&efukef wuodkvfwGi f ynmoi f, l&maq;wuodkvfodkY wufa&muf&ef odyHbmom&yfudk
oi f, lcJhaomfvnf; aq;wuodkvfodkY 0i fcGi fhr& ? bmom&yfajymi f;vJNyD; t *Fvdyfpmay? jrefrmpmay?
t aSUwdki f; ordki f; oHk;bmomjzi fh0dZmbGJUt wGufqufvufynmoi f&m1933 ckESpfwGi fbDat (0dZm) bGJUudk
&Sdonf/
1935 ckESpfwGi f ajrmi f;jrNrdKU wdki f;&i f;om; t xufwef;ausmi f; t xufwef;jyq&mt jzpf
aqmi fGufonf/
1936 ckrS1942 ckESpft xd{&m0wDwdki f;ESi fh&cdki fwdki f;wdkYwGi f NrdKYydki ft jzpf aqmi fGufcJhNyD; ' kwd,
urmppfjzpfaomt cgvyGwmNrdKUodkYjyefvnfa&muf&Sdonf/ 1942-43 ckESpft wGi f; vyGwmNrdKUNi drf0yfydjym;rI
xdef;odrf;a&; aumfrwD (Peace Preservation Committee) udk zGJUpnf;aomt cg xdkaumfrwD\
vufat mufwGi f NrdKUe, ft &m&Sdt jzpf t rIxrf;&i f; ArmhvGwfvyfa&; wyfrawmf (B.I.A) t wGuf
ppfom;pkaqmi f;a&;vkyfi ef;udkvkyf&onf/
1943 ckESpfwGi f&efukefNrdKUodkYqdki f&mu ac:, lcJhojzi fhEdki fi Hjcm;a&;0efBuD;Xme vufaxmuft wGi f;0ef?
owi f;ESi fh0g' jzefUcsDa&;Xme ' kwd, t wGi f;0ef wm0efwdkYudk 1945 ckESpft xd xrf;GufcJh&onf/
1946-47 ckESpfwGi f t oHvTi fhXmeodkY a&muf&SdvmNyD;vQi f CAS(B) t pdk;&vufxuf t oHvTi fhXme
nTefMum;a&;0eft jzpfaqmi fGuf&onf/
1948-49 ckESpfwGi f jyefMum;a&;Xme? nTefMum;a&;0eft jzpf aqmi fGufaepOf &cdki fwdki f;
jyefvnfxlaxmi fa&;ri f;BuD;t jzpf aqmi fGuf&onf/ xdkESpfwGi f jyefMum;a&;XmeodkY jyefvnf
cefYt yfcH&NyD;aemuf &mxl;rSEIwfxGuf 1950-55 ckESpft wGi f; &efukefowi f;pmt kyfcsKyfrI t , f' Dwmt jzpf
aqmi fGufonf/
1952ckESpfwGi fowi f;pmq&mt zGJUacgi f;aqmi ft jzpf*syefEdki fi HodkYyxrOD;qHk; jrefrmowi f;pmt zGJU
udk, fpm; oGm;a&mufonf/ 1954 ckESpfwGi fjrefrmowi f;pmt zGJUacgi f;aqmi ft jzpfjzi fhvef' efESi fhyJ&pfNrdKUodkY
oGm;a&muf&onf/
1955 rS 1958 ckESpft xd pmayAdrmef pG, fpHkusrf; t wdki fyi fcHt jzpfjzi fh aqmi fGufonf/
t vGwf owi f;pmq&mwpfOD;t aejzi fh1954 rS1977 ckESpft xdvef' efwdki f; owi f;axmuf t jzpf
aqmi fGufonf/
1956 ckESpfwGi f jrefrmEdki fi H pma&;q&mt oi f;udk udk, fpm;jyK wkwfjynfolU orwEdki fi H
yDui f;NrdKUawmfodkY t ESpfESpfq, fajrmuf vlTef; t xdrf;t rSwf t crf;t em;odkY wufa&mufonf/
1961 ckESpfwGi f oD&dvuFmEdki fi HudkvHbdkNrdKUwGi f usi f;yaompmt kyfxkwfa0a&;vkyfi ef;qdki f&mESD;aESmzvS, fyGJ
t pnf;t a0;odkYjrefrmudk, fpm;vS, ft zGJUacgi f;aqmi ft jzpfwufa&mufonf/
1954 ckESpfwGi f jrefrmEdki fi Hpma&;q&mt oi f; OuX? 1959 ckESpfwGi f jrefrmEdki fi Howi f;pmq&m
t oi f; OuX t jzpfaqmi fGufcJhonf/
1977 ckESpfrSt pjyK r*Zi f; t oD;oD;wdkYwGi f0wK?aqmi f;yg;rsm;udka&;&i f;ESi fhyd#uwfbmomjyef
vkyfi ef;udkulnDaqmi fGufcJh&m1987 ckESpfwGi fjynfaxmi fpkjrefrmEdki fi H?jrefrmpmt zGJU cefYt yfjci f; cH&onf/
1989 ckESpfwGi f Edki fi Hawmf Ni drf0yfydjym;rI wnfaqmqufa&;t zGJU\ ordki f;jzpf&yfrSefrsm; jyKpka&; aumfrwD
t zGJU0i ft jzpfvnf; qufvufaqmi fGufvsuf&Sdonf/
a&;om;cJhaompmaypm&i f;rSmat mufygt wdki f;jzpfonf/

udka' gi f; (1937)
bmt a&;BuD;qHk;vJESi fht mZmenfrdci fwpfcef;&yfjyZmwf(1944)
i b (1947)
a, mt wGi f;0efOD;bdk;vIdi f\ t wKywd
(&mZ"ro*F[ usrf; ed' gef; ) (1960)
rsdK;zsuf&efol(1960)
ArmhEdki fi Ha&;okcrdef(1965 )
ykSui f\ rkefwdki f;xJu ezl;pmbmomjyef(1965)
jrefrmhv, f, majr pepf(1966)
rdkygqGef; 0wKwdkrsm; bmomjyef(1966)
avmut jri f(aqmi f;yg; aygi f;csKyf) (1966)
armi fxi f\ 0wKwdkrsm; (1968)
urmYpmay t nTef; pmapmi frsm; (1974 rS1981) t xd
t dyf*sD0J\ t em*wdusrf; bmomjyef(1977)
jri f0gawmi f(1977)
*gvDAm\ c&D;pOf(t rsdK;om; pmayqk&) (1981)
, aeYwdki f odyHaqmi f;yg; odyH0wK? vlrIa&;qdki f&maqmi f;yg;rsm; ponfwdkYudkqdki f&m-qdki f&m
r*Zi f;rsm;wGi fa&;om;vsuf&Sdonf/
ae&yfvdyfpmrSm248?(u) 4 vrf;?NrdKUopf?t i f;pdefNrdKUe, f?&efukefwdki f; jzpfonf/

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