Aim is to find the Determination of Contents of Tooth Powder or to test the acid
and basic radicals in the toothpowder
Toothpowder is a powder used with hands or with a toothbrush to clean and maintain the aesthetics and health of teeth. Toothpowder is used to promote oral hygiene: it can aid in the removal of dental plaque and food from the teeth, aid in the elimination and/or masking of halitosis and deliver active ingredients such as fluoride or xylitol to prevent tooth and gum disease Theory While the exact formula of each brand of toothpaste is proprietary, most toothpowders contain the same basic ingredients. These include: luoride: !erhaps the most important toothpowders ingredient is fluoride. luoride incorporates itself into tooth enamel making your teeth more resistant to acids produced by plaque bacteria, as well as acids found in fruit "uices, soda #both regular and diet$ and certain foods. %n toothpowders, fluoride is found in the form of sodium monofluorophosphate, stannous fluoride, or sodium fluoride. &brasives: &brasives give toothpowders its cleaning power. They remove stains and plaque, as well as polish teeth. 'ommon abrasives include calcium phosphates, alumina, calcium carbonate, and silica. Toothpowders should be abrasive enough to remove plaque and stains, but not abrasive enough to damage tooth enamel. (amaged tooth enamel also causes yellowing as the thinned enamel reveals the yellowish dentin layer below. )ver the years, manufacturers have been quietly reducing the abrasiveness of their toothpowders. !reservatives: !reservatives prevent the growth of microorganisms in toothpowders and eliminate the need to refrigerate toothpowders. 'ommon preservatives include sodium ben*oate, methyl paraben, and ethyl paraben. lavoring &gents: These are added to improve the taste of toothpowders. +ou may have noticed that toothpowders have very strong flavoring. This is necessary to cover up the horrid taste of most detergents, especially ,-,. ,weeteners: ,weeteners also improve the taste of toothpowders. .ost toothpowder sweeteners are artificial and contribute very little to cavity formation. ,accharin is a common toothpowder sweetener. TEST FOR ACID RADICAL I: /xperiment )bservations %nference 0&1 (ilute 2 3 ,) 4 Test: Treat the given sample of toothpowder with dilute 2 3 ,) 4 .
'olorless, odorless gas evolved with brisk effervescence which turns lime water milky. .ay be ') 5 63 071 'onfirmatory Test for ') 5 63 : #i$ .g,) 4 Test: To the aq.solution add .g,) 4 solution. #ii$ (ilute 2'l Test: To the aq.solution add dilute 2'l.
White ppt. formed.
'olorless, odorless gas evolved.
') 5 63 confirmed.
') 5 63 confirmed. TEST FOR ACID RADICAL II /xperiment )bservations %nference 0&1 (ilute 2 3 ,) 4 Test: Treat the given salt with dilute 2 3 ,) 4 8o gas evolved. 071'oncentrated 2 3 ,) 4 Test: 2eat the given sample with conc. 2 3 ,) 4 .
8o gas evolved. 0'1 Test for !) 4 56 To the aq. ,olution add a few drops of ammonium molybedate. (eep yellow ppt. formed or coloration is obtained. !) 4 56 confirmed. TEST FOR BASIC RADICAL /xperiment )bservations %nference 0&1 Test for *ero group: To the given sample add 8a)2.
8o ammonical smell.
9ero group absent. 071 Test for % group: To the aq. ,olution of sample, add dilute 2'l.
8o ppt. formed.
% group absent.
0'1 Test for %% group: To the above solution, pass 2 3 , gas. 8o ppt. formed. %% group absent. 0(1 Test for %%% group: To the aq. ,olution of toothpowder add 82 4 'l followed by 82 4 )2. 8o ppt. formed. %%% group absent. 0/1 Test for %: group: To the above formed solution pass 2 3 , gas. 01 Test for : group: To the aq. ,olution of toothpowder add solid 82 4 'l, 82 4 )2 and #82 4 $ 3 ') 5
8o ppt. formed.
White ppt. formed. %: group absent.
: group present. 0;1 'onfirmatory Test: (issolve the white ppt. in dilute acetic acid. 7oil off ') 3 . To this solution, add ammonium oxalate.
White ppt. formed.
'a 3< present and confirmed. Result: The given toothpowder contains anions namely ') 5 36 and !) 4 56 and cations namely 'a 3< . Conclusion ,everal of the ingredients in toothpastes are found by some environmentally damaging or ha*ardous to the personal health. These ingredients include: = &rtificial flavoring = &rtificial colors = Triclosan = ,odium bicarbonate #baking soda$ = (etergents = luoride = !reservatives such as .ethylparaben and /thylparaben6parabens = !yrophosphate 2omemade tooth powders are made by mixing 5 parts baking soda #cleanser$ thoroughly with > part salt #the abrasive$. &s a direct result of these concerns, some people have started making their own tooth paste instead, which 6while still not completely ecologic due to the use of baking soda6 still eliminates much environmentally or health damaging ingredients. &lso, commercial toothpowders are made which are less or even non6environmentally damaging. ,uch preparations are made from herbal resins, propolis and myrrh.