DESIGN OF MECHANICAL FLAT - BED DRYER

ASSUMPTIONS:

Initial Palay Weight, Wi : 100 Kgs.

Initial Moisture Content, Mci : 22 %
Final Moisture Content, Mcf: 14 %

Drying Properties:

Atmospheric Air: Inlet Air: Outlet Air:

Relative Humidity: 70 % 75 %
Temperature: 20 °C 42 °C 25 °C

Abs. Humidity, H: 0.01 Kg./Kg dry air 0.01 Kg./Kg dry air
Enthalpy, E: 11 Kcal/Kg. 16.1 Kcal/Kg.
Abs. Volume, Va: 0.91 cu.m./kg.

1.) Calculate for the Water Removed:

Moisture Ratio: 0.91

Ww = Wi - Wi(1-Mci)/(1-Mcf) 9.30 Kgs. of Water

at 8 hours drying operation: 1.16 Kgs./hour

2.) Calculate air volume required to remove the water from the grain:

G = Ww/(H2-H1) 247.40 Kgs./hour

Q = G*r 224.64 cu.m./hr.of dry air

0.06 cu.m./sec.of dry air

3.) Calculate the Heat energy required:

q = G(E2-E1) 1,261.75 Kcal/hr.

4.) Calculate/Determine the amount of fuel to Dry the Palay @ 14% MC for 8 hours.

Sr Fuel Approx heating value Kcal/Kg

Fuel Reqt.
Natural State Dry State
Kg/8-hr.
A BIOMASS
1 Wood 1500 3500 2.88
2 Cattle dung 1000 3700 2.73
3 Bagasse 2200 4400 2.29
4 Wheat and 2400 2500
rice straw 4.04
5 Cane trash, 3000 3000
rice husk,
leaves and
vegetable
wastes
3.36
6 Coconut 3500 3500
husks, dry
grass and
crop residues
2.88
7 Groundnut 4000 4000
shells 2.52
8 Coffee and oil 4200 4200
palm husks
2.40
9 Cotton husks 4400 4400
2.29
10 Peat 6500 6500 1.55
B FOSSIL
FUELS
1 Coal 5500 1.84
2 Coke 6500 1.55
3 Charcoal 7000 1.44
4 Carbon 8000 1.26
5 Fuel oil 9800 1.03
6 Kerosene and 10000
diesel 1.01
7 Petrol 10800 0.93
8 Paraffin 10500 0.96
9 Natural gas 8600 1.17
10 Coal gas 4000 2.52
11 Electrical 860
(Kcal(KW) 11.74 Kw/8-hr.
12 Bio 5350 22.64
gas(Kcal/cu kgs. of
mtr) (12 kg of
dung dung
produces 1 (e.g.swine
cu. Mtr gas) manure,
etc) reqd.
Kg./Kg dry air
Kcal/Kg.