1

lnLroducuon Lo CeneraLor and LxclLauon SysLem

Synchronous CeneraLor 8oLary LxclLer
Excitor
Main Rotor
PMG
Main Stator Winding
Synchronous CeneraLor 8oLary LxclLer
2
Av8 8lock ulagram
Main
Stator
Exciter
Stator
Diode
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
PMG
F+ F-
AVR
A C B A C B B1 B2
llLLu
Cu1u1
SLnSlnC
lnu1
CWL8
lnu1
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
Main
Stator
Exciter
Stator
Diode
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
PMG
F+ F-
AVR
A C B A C B B1 B2
llLLu
Cu1u1
SLnSlnC
lnu1
CWL8
lnu1
Av8 8lock ulagram
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
3
Av8 8lock ulagram
Main
Stator
Exciter
Stator
Diode
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
PMG
F+ F-
AVR
A C B A C B B1 B2
llLLu
Cu1u1
SLnSlnC
lnu1
CWL8
lnu1
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
Av8 8lock ulagram
Main
Stator
Exciter
Stator
Diode
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
PMG
F+ F-
AVR
A C B A C B B1 B2
llLLu
Cu1u1
SLnSlnC
lnu1
CWL8
lnu1
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
4
Main
Stator
Exciter
Stator
Diode
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
PMG
F+ F-
AVR
A C B A C B B1 B2
llLLu
Cu1u1
SLnSlnC
lnu1
CWL8
lnu1
Av8 8lock ulagram
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
Av8 8lock ulagram
Main
Stator
Exciter
Stator
Diode
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
PMG
F+ F-
AVR
A C B A C B B1 B2
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
llLLu
Cu1u1
SLnSlnC
lnu1
CWL8
lnu1
3
Main Exciter
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
PMG
F+ F-
AVR
A C B A C B B1 B2
llLLu SLnSlnC CWL8
Stator Stator
Inside the AVR
Cu1u1 lnu1 lnu1
S1A8lLl1?
L88C8
uL1LC1
8LlL8LnCL
L88C8 AM
&
ll8lnC Cl8Cul1
CWL8
CCn18CL
Av8 8lock ulagram
Diode
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
Main Exciter
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
F+ F-
AVR
A C B B1 B2
llLLu
Cu1u1
SLnSlnC
lnu1
Stator Stator
S1A8lLl1?
L88C8
uL1LC1
8LlL8LnCL
L88C8 AM
&
ll8lnC Cl8Cul1
Av8 8lock ulagram
Diode
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
A C B
CWL8
lnu1
6
Av8 8lock ulagram
To Load
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
A C B
CWL8
lnu1
F+ F-
llLLu
Cu1u1
A C B
SLnSlnC
lnu1
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
L88C8 AM
&
ll8lnC Cl8Cul1
AVR
L88C8
uL1LC1
B1 B2
8LlL8LnCL
S1A8lLl1?
Av8 8lock ulagram
Main Exciter
Diode PMG
Stator Stator
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
CWL8
lnu1
ower lnpuL
Av8 Specs Conslderauon -
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
SLnSlnC
lnu1
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
volLage: 83 Lo 230vac
8urden: 630vA
lreq:
8uv: 6 vac
8urden: 630vA
hase: 1 or 3
30 Lo 400 Pz lreq:
AVR
B1 B2 A C B A C B F+ F-
llLLu
Cu1u1
7
Av8 8lock ulagram
volLage: 83 Lo 230vac
Exciter
Dide PMG
Stator
SLnSlnC
lnu1
CWL8
lnu1
ower lnpuL
Av8 Specs Conslderauon -
8urden: 630vA
lreq:
8uv: 6 vac
8urden: 630vA
! MC !
hase: 1 or 3
30 Lo 400 Pz lreq:
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
Diode
Main
Stator
B1 B2 A C B A C B F+ F-
llLLu
Cu1u1
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
AVR
Av8 8lock ulagram
volLage: 83 Lo 230vac
Av8 Specs Conslderauon -
8urden: 630vA
lreq:
8uv: 6 vac
8urden: 630vA
! MC !
hase: 1 or 3
30 Lo 400 Pz lreq:
ower lnpuL
8
Av8 Specs Conslderauon -
Main
Stator
F+ F-
AVR
A C B A C B B1 B2
llLLu
Cu1u1
SLnSlnC
lnu1
Aux Windings
! Aux Wlndlngs !
volLage: 83 Lo 230vac
8urden: 630vA
lreq:
8uv: 6 vac
8urden: 630vA
hase: 1 or 3
30 Lo 400 Pz lreq:
ower lnpuL
CWL8
lnu1
Exciter
Stator
Diode
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
Av8 8lock ulagram
Av8 8lock ulagram
Av8 Specs Conslderauon -
Main
Stator
F+ F-
AVR
A C B A C B B1 B2
llLLu
Cu1u1
SLnSlnC
lnu1
Exciter
Stator
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
Diode
! LxLernal Source !
volLage: 83 Lo 230vac
8urden: 630vA
lreq:
8uv: 6 vac
8urden: 630vA
hase: 1 or 3
30 Lo 400 Pz lreq:
External
Source
ower lnpuL
CWL8
lnu1
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
9
Av8 8lock ulagram
Av8 Specs Conslderauon -
External
Source
CapaclLor luncuon:
Lnergy SLorage uevlce
ower lnpuL
Main
Stator
F+ F-
AVR
A C B A C B B1 B2
llLLu
Cu1u1
SLnSlnC
lnu1
Exciter
Stator
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
Diode
CWL8
lnu1
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
Av8 8lock ulagram
External
Source
CapaclLor luncuon:
Lnergy SLorage uevlce
Av8 Specs Conslderauon -
ower lnpuL
Main
Stator
F+ F-
AVR
A C B A C B B1 B2
llLLu
Cu1u1
SLnSlnC
lnu1
Exciter
Stator
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
Diode
CWL8
lnu1
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
10
Av8 8lock ulagram
Av8 Specs Conslderauon -
External
Source
Load
ower lnpuL
CapaclLor luncuon:
Lnergy SLorage uevlce
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
Main
Stator
F+ F-
AVR
A C B A C B B1 B2
llLLu
Cu1u1
SLnSlnC
lnu1
Exciter
Stator
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
Diode
CWL8
lnu1
Av8 8lock ulagram
Av8 Specs Conslderauon -
! ln 8ush CurrenL !
External
Source
ower lnpuL
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
Main
Stator
F+ F-
AVR
A C B A C B B1 B2
llLLu
Cu1u1
SLnSlnC
lnu1
Exciter
Stator
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
Diode
CWL8
lnu1
11
Av8 8lock ulagram
Av8 Specs Conslderauon -
! ln 8ush CurrenL !
External
Source
1lme
CapaclLor: v=0 aL SW closed
CurrenL
ShorL ClrculL
ower lnpuL
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
Main
Stator
F+ F-
AVR
A C B A C B B1 B2
llLLu
Cu1u1
SLnSlnC
lnu1
Exciter
Stator
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
Diode
CWL8
lnu1
Av8 8lock ulagram
Av8 Specs Conslderauon -
Main
Stator
F+ F-
AVR
A C B A C B B1 B2
llLLu
Cu1u1
SLnSlnC
lnu1
! ln 8ush CurrenL !
1lme
CurrenL
Exciter
Stator
Diode
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
External
Source

ICRM

ower lnpuL
CWL8
lnu1
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
12
Av8 8lock ulagram
30 Lo 400 Pz lreq:
Main
Stator
F+ F-
AVR
A C B A C B B1 B2
u8C /
x Cu88Ln1
llLLu
Cu1u1
SLnSlnC
lnu1
Av8 Specs Conslderauon -
! Llne volLage !
volLage: 83 Lo 230vac
8urden: 630vA
8uv: 6 vac
8urden: 630vA
hase: 1 or 3
Exciter
Stator
Diode
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
ower lnpuL
CWL8
lnu1
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
Main
Stator
F+ F-
AVR
A C B A C B B1 B2
llLLu
Cu1u1
SLnSlnC
lnu1
Llne volLage
Av8 Specs Conslderauon -
! Llne volLage !
1lme
8uv: 6 vac
(8ulld-up volLage)
volLage (no Av8)
Speed
Exciter
Stator
Diode
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
Av8 8lock ulagram
ower lnpuL
CWL8
lnu1
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
13
Main
Stator
F+ F-
AVR
A C B A C B B1 B2
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
llLLu
Cu1u1
SLnSlnC
lnu1
Llne volLage
Av8 Specs Conslderauon -
! Llne volLage !
1lme
volLage (wlLh Av8)
Speed
8aLed Level
Exciter
Stator
Diode
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
Av8 8lock ulagram
CWL8
lnu1
ower lnpuL
SLnSlnC
lnu1
SLnSlnC
lnu1
PMG
Senslng lnpuL
Av8 Specs Conslderauon -
Voltage:
Freq:
100 to 600Vac
50/60Hz
CT:
Burden:
1 / 5A (Preselect)
<1VA 8urden: <1vA
F+ F-
AVR
A C B A C B B1 B2
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
llLLu
Cu1u1
Exciter
Stator
Diode
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
Main
Stator
Av8 8lock ulagram
CWL8
lnu1
14
SLnSlnC
lnu1
SLnSlnC
lnu1
PMG
Senslng lnpuL
Av8 Specs Conslderauon -
Analog ulglLal
Exciter
Stator
Diode
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
Main
Stator
F+ F-
AVR
A C B A C B B1 B2
llLLu
Cu1u1
Av8 8lock ulagram
CWL8
lnu1
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
SLnSlnC
lnu1
PMG
Senslng lnpuL
Av8 Specs Conslderauon -
Accuracy:
0.1V Step @ 600V
1 V Step @ 600V
Exciter
Stator
Diode
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
Main
Stator
F+ F-
AVR
A C B A C B B1 B2
llLLu
Cu1u1
Av8 8lock ulagram
CWL8
lnu1
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
13
Exciter
Diode
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
PMG
Stator
AVR
CuLpuL
Av8 Specs Conslderauon -
Exciter Type: Brushless
F+ F-
llLLu
Cu1u1
A C B
SLnSlnC
lnu1
A C B B1 B2
Av8 8lock ulagram
CWL8
lnu1
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
Main
Stator
Exciter Type: Slip Ring
Main
Stator
PMG
AVR Design Criteria:
F+ F-
AVR
A C B A C B B1 B2
llLLu
Cu1u1
SLnSlnC
lnu1
Revolving
Field
Slip Rings/
Brushes
Av8 8lock ulagram
CWL8
lnu1
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
16
Main
Stator
PMG
AVR Design Criteria:
Revolving
Field
A8M
Exciter Type: Brush Type (Static Exciter)
F+ F-
AVR
A C B A C B B1 B2
llLLu
Cu1u1
SLnSlnC
lnu1
Av8 8lock ulagram
CWL8
lnu1
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
CuLpuL
Av8 Specs Conslderauon -
WM Slgnal
Average value
PMG
Exciter
Stator
Diode
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
Main
Stator
AVR
A C B A C B B1 B2
SLnSlnC
lnu1
F+ F-
llLLu
Cu1u1
Av8 8lock ulagram
CWL8
lnu1
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
17
CuLpuL
Av8 Specs Conslderauon -
Voltage:
Min Resistance:
63Vac
9 Ohms
Current:
Forcing:
7A
15A lorclng [ 10 Sec: 133vac
Accuracy: +/-0.25%
Exciter
Stator
Diode
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
Main
Stator
AVR
A C B A C B B1 B2
SLnSlnC
lnu1
PMG
F+ F-
llLLu
Cu1u1
Av8 8lock ulagram
CWL8
lnu1
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
CuLpuL
Av8 Specs Conslderauon -
Time adjustable from:
1 to 7,200 secs / 2hrs
Av8 8lock ulagram
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
Exciter
Stator
Diode
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
Main
Stator
AVR
A C B A C B B1 B2
SLnSlnC
lnu1
PMG
F+ F-
llLLu
Cu1u1
CWL8
lnu1
18
SeparaLe Source
CLnL8A1C8
LlnL vCL1ACL
40
100
40
100
100 LCAu
ALlCA1lCn
CeneraLor Llne
llLLu vCL1ACL
Av8 8lock ulagram
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
Exciter
Stator
Diode
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
Main
Stator
AVR
A C B A C B B1 B2
SLnSlnC
lnu1
F+ F-
llLLu
Cu1u1
CWL8
lnu1
Current Transformer
1) Droop
2) Cross Current Compensation
3) Metering
for:
Av8 8lock ulagram
Exciter
Stator
Diode
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
Main
Stator
AVR
A C B A C B B1 B2
SLnSlnC
lnu1
PMG
F+ F-
llLLu
Cu1u1
CWL8
lnu1
19
1) Droop
kvAr Load
volLage
uroop
Av8 8lock ulagram
Exciter
Stator
Diode
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
Main
Stator
AVR
A C B A C B B1 B2
SLnSlnC
lnu1
PMG
F+ F-
llLLu
Cu1u1
CWL8
lnu1
Main
Stator
Exciter
Stator
Diode
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
PMG
F+ F-
AVR
A C B A C B B1 B2
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
llLLu
Cu1u1
SLnSlnC
lnu1
Power Flow for AVR
Av8 8lock ulagram
CWL8
lnu1
20
Main
Stator
Exciter
Stator
Diode
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
PMG
F+ F-
AVR
A C B A C B B1 B2
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
llLLu
Cu1u1
SLnSlnC
lnu1
Power Flow for AVR
Current Transformer for
1) Droop
2) Cross Current Compensation
3) Metering
Av8 8lock ulagram
CWL8
lnu1
Main
Stator
Exciter
Stator
Diode
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
PMG
F+ F-
AVR
A C B B1 B2
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
llLLu
Cu1u1
2 Generators running in parallel
Current Transformer for
1) Droop
2) Cross Current Compensation
3) Metering
A C B
SLnSlnC
lnu1
Av8 8lock ulagram
CWL8
lnu1
21
Main
Stator
Exciter
Stator
Diode
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
PMG
2) Cross Current Compensation
C11 C12
CLn
1
CLn
2
B1
B2
B1
B2
I = 0 I = 0
F+ F-
AVR
A C B A C B B1 B2
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
llLLu
Cu1u1
SLnSlnC
lnu1
Both Gensets share same load
neL CurrenL llow = 0
CurrenL llow
same for boLh
CenseLs
Av8 8lock ulagram
CWL8
lnu1
Main
Stator
Exciter
Stator
Diode
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
PMG
2) Cross Current Compensation
CLn
1
CLn
2
B1
B2
B1
B2
F+ F-
AVR
A C B A C B B1 B2
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
llLLu
Cu1u1
SLnSlnC
lnu1
Load on Gen 1 more than Gen 2
More I Less net I
Av8 8lock ulagram
CWL8
lnu1
22
Main
Stator
Exciter
Stator
Diode
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
PMG
2) Cross Current Compensation
CLn
1
CLn
2
B1
B2
B1
B2
F+ F-
AVR
A C B A C B B1 B2
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
llLLu
Cu1u1
SLnSlnC
lnu1
Both AVR adjust to balance Load
AVR ! AVR "
Av8 8lock ulagram
CWL8
lnu1
Main
Stator
Exciter
Stator
Diode
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
PMG
2) Cross Current Compensation
CLn
1
CLn
2
B1
B2
B1
B2
I = 0 I = 0
F+ F-
AVR
A C B A C B B1 B2
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
llLLu
Cu1u1
SLnSlnC
lnu1
Load back to balance sharing
neL CurrenL llow = 0
CurrenL llow
same for boLh
CenseLs
Av8 8lock ulagram
CWL8
lnu1
23
Main
Stator
Exciter
Stator
Diode
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
PMG
F+ F-
AVR
A C B A C B B1 B2
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
llLLu
Cu1u1
SLnSlnC
lnu1
(Only for Digital Voltage Regulator)
Av8 8lock ulagram
CWL8
lnu1
Av8 8lock ulagram
Mounting Plate Complete Solution
F+ F-
AVR
Main
Stator
A C
Exciter
Stator
Diode
Field
Flashing
PMG
B A C B B1 B2
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
llLLu
Cu1u1
SLnSlnC
lnu1
CWL8
lnu1
Current
Boost
DC
Source
27
76
Discharge
Resistor
24
Av8 8lock ulagram
F+ F-
Active AVR
Main
Stator
A C
Exciter
Stator
Diode
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
PMG
B A C B B1 B2
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
llLLu
Cu1u1
SLnSlnC
lnu1
CWL8
lnu1
F+ F-
Standby AVR
B1 B2 A C B A C B
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
llLLu
Cu1u1
SLnSlnC
lnu1
CWL8
lnu1
Redundant System
F+ F-
AVR
Main
Stator
A C
Exciter
Stator
Diode
Main
Field
Exciter
Field
PMG
B A C B B1
u8CC /
x Cu88Ln1
B2
llLLu
Cu1u1
CWL8
CCn18CL
S1A8lLl1?
L88C8
uL1LC1
SLnSlnC
lnu1
8LlL8LnCL
CWL8
lnu1
Inside the AVR for Generator <20MVA
L88C8 AM
&
ll8lnC Cl8Cul1









Av8 8lock ulagram
23
uLCS 300
ower SysLem SLablllzer
lleld Cround 8elay
lleld currenL Lransducer for
maxlmum exclLauon llmlLer
8edundanL
forced alr fan
sysLem
ac Lo dc power
recuer brldges, 6
SC8 or 3 SC8
congurauons
DECS300 Cubicle
Av8 8lock ulagram
uual 8rldge 630A
Another DECS300 Cubicle
Alr Condluoner
PMl
uual uLCS300
8L1-CS100
Av8 8lock ulagram
26
uLCS300
roLecuon
ower SysLem
SLablllzer (SS)
8L1-23A
Synchronlser
Analog/ulglLal
MeLerlng
Mlmlc ulsplay
ConLrol ush
8uuon
Slngle/Muluple
ower 8rldges up Lo
3300 Amps
More DECS300 Cubicle
roLecuon
Av8 8lock ulagram
Slngle uLCS 200 sysLem
uual uLCS 200 sysLem wlLh LC
for conLrol and or monlLorlng
lnLerface wlLh conLrol room
DECS200 Mounting Plate Solution
Av8 8lock ulagram
27
DECS15 Mounting Plate Solution
Slngle uLCS 13
uLCS wlLh Manual 8ackup laLe
lncludes ulglLal Av8 and Manual conLrol wlLh
AuLomauc lollow up of Lhe Av8 Slgnal
uual uLCS laLe
WlLh redundanL dlglLal Av8
Av8 8lock ulagram