$ % &' !

"#
- 665 -534 1 2 / 0 -.. , ( ) * +
,7 ) %8 )

% 7 9

3 (? : F, ?@ D @ E ? & C' + %#B ;@ A % = : >?@ : ; < ! %: -

F, ?@ GH I ?@ $ 7
F MN E @%2 FFFFF FFFFF J @& =%K?' = "L2
F,??@ >?@ U: A M N LT = I RS7 : PB&A Q FFFFF FFFFF O

CaCO (s) FFFFFF(s) W CO3(g) V

Pb(NO )3(aq) W 3KI(aq) PbI3(…) W 3KNO (aq)

-5e + %# [ B ,' M ZF, ?@ M N2 Y 2 % = , DT = ;XS 3

\F,? A

bF , _ 2 -5-g/L _ ` A CO3 % _ ,?` ?A%@ a , : U , *%P -5^6 %T ]

- mol CO3 d cc g - mol NaHCO d 6c g

3NaHCO (s) Na3CO (s) W H3O(g) W CO3(g)

- mol NaHCO DT
? L CO3 d -5^6 g NaHCO k
g NaHCO

O mol V l g CO3 - L CO3

k k k d.5c L CO3
mol NaHCO - mol CO3 -5- Y CO3

- HNO W PcO-. N3Oe W HPO F, ?@ 7 DA / = _ N

fU ?@ $ % %K?' * ,@ & % IA _ N M = 7
-5e %P & #%hB, A 7 %P ge5^ J B -.°C = ,7 A M: -^56 g = > "# %P c
- mol Fe de^ g F, ?@ R M: _ %P & #%h i
.5ge 7 =a%7 kJ ,?` E @%2 M *%P 453 % HR2 = %A B+ 7 2 % HR2 ,7 j_ 7 A < 2 A e

- mol C3HeOH d c^ g H°% HR2(C3HeOH) d c 5e kJ/mol f&

-53e > _ _ DA / D[ A < 2 A ^

--3mL AgNO .5e M

-eemL MgCl3 .53 M
p % >?@ 2 U ?@ # % ,[ A
F% A

MgCl3 W 3AgNO Mg NO 3 W 3AgCl

R A f&S ,@ ,??@ , = ,?: >?@

f,7 0A # ,?: >?@ + ,?` O
3 ,: 1 8 g
f& = ,/ ! ,@ 2, % = I @ ! ,@
&r;s 7 ! j_ 7 P #
= "? SA A 7 $ 7 * ,@ + qH = ,??@ !?n U S # @ A P O
f %`f&
F * L7 &A Q # & 2 ,?; ! % >?@ V

CO(g) W 3H3(g) CH OH(g) W q

F, ?@ M N2 >?@ M = %A @ & C' &;' %@t A
-53e F, A o ;# /A MA%@ ,p 3c = @& o ;# =% ;8 E @%2 ! ;u2 6
f& A m A% % = n + %# * ,@ , A F, ?@ M N2 E @%2 M A%L2 + %#
- mol F d -4 g -mol C d -3 g
F F
F F
(b) (a)
C C
C C
n F F n

-53e H F, : 1 8 =,7 8 = : =a%7 7 A < 2 A 4

cH W 3O
%A %A E 2%2 A O=O H--H =,7 8 =a%7
H- F, A + %A + a ; @ c46 c ^
H3
3H3(g)WO3(g)
F, ?@ M N2 H3 H- % /
H d c6c kJ
3H3O

H) ,7
(O-H) H3 ,/ A < 2 A O
-5ge , : 1 8 -.
f ,: v% DK#,?`f& , %8 # ,?` w 2 DA / x%h ULT
f&S ,@ O ,NA N?p +CT M %2 %# O
CcH-.OH C3HeOH f %`f& % AO ! ,@ & _CT V
O
CH C CH
f& ' 7 ` C^H-c " : M A >?@ U:%A
-T S

- p A 8 %7 j_ 7 w % N3Oc(g) 3NO3(g) >?@ = %A --

& , 7 DA /
G
f %`f= HA n% s & = HA n >?@ M
H

f& ,' S >?@ M S HD ' ! ,@ O

- A &;' %@t A -3 @,
f,A > "# 8 % 7 % y2 O v 7 P +C 7
f ,A > "# O KOH +C 7 O
- F, & A , % + ; U ?@ DT O 6..g 3.°C = M ! 7 -53g -
f& g5-..g H3O ,?` O ! 7 M =% z8 +C 7
f %`f& + ; 7 + ; U@ B+ ; $ 7 * ,@ ! 7 M O
-5e ,: 1 8+ = _ N A < 2 A -c
- 3Mg(s) W O3(g) 3MgO(s) H d -3.ckJ
3 Mg(OH)3(s) MgO(s) W H3O(l) H d gkJ
3H3(g) W O3 (g) 3 H3O(l) H d eg3kJ
f& kJ/mol ,?` { &_ T A O D [ 2 ,7 j_ 7
Mg(s) W H3(g) W O3 (g) Mg(OH) 3(s) R A f&S ` DA / >?@ H O
-53e & O AgCl +C 7 A m A% % wA -e
+ -
- AgCl(s) Ag (g) W Cl (g) H d 4-g kJ/mol
+ - + -
3 Ag (g) W Cl (g) W xH3O Ag (aq) W Cl (aq) H d 6e- kJ/mol
+ -
AgCl(s) W xH3O Ag (aq) W Cl (aq) H +C 7 d f kJ/mol
f,? 7 ` 3 - = :,? %# ! %:
f& kJ/mol ,?` H+C 7 O
F, : | 2f&S ` 3 ,? %# S & C' V
3. % 7{ < b, A }# ]