Bi 1:

Lm quen vi SQL Server 2008

Mc tiu bi hc
1. Tng quan v SQL Server
2. Cc cng c ca SQL Server
Lm quen vi SQL Server 2008 2
2. Cc cng c ca SQL Server
3. SQL Server Management Studio
Lm quen vi SQL Server 2008 3
L h qun tr c s d liu quan h (RDBMS) do
Microsoft pht trin
Hot ng theo m hnh khch ch cho php ng thi
cng lc c nhiu ngi dng truy xut n d liu.
SQL Server
SQL Server My khch
(Client)
Lm quen vi SQL Server 2008 4
H qun tr CSDL quan h
(Relational Database
Management System)
SQL Server My khch
(Client)
Kt qu (Results) Kt qu (Results) Kt qu (Results) Kt qu (Results)
ng dng trn my khch
(Client Application)
OLAP OLAP
OLTP OLTP
Truy vn (Queries) Truy vn (Queries) Truy vn (Queries) Truy vn (Queries)
Truy cp ti CSDL qua mng
H tr m hnh Client/Server
Kho d liu (Data WareHouse)
Tng thch vi chun ANSI/ISO SQL-92
H tr tm kim Full-Text (Full-Text Search)
H tr tm kim thng tin trc tuyn (Books Online)
Mt s tnh nng ca SQL Server 2008
Truy cp ti CSDL qua mng
H tr m hnh Client/Server
Kho d liu (Data WareHouse)
Tng thch vi chun ANSI/ISO SQL-92
H tr tm kim Full-Text (Full-Text Search)
H tr tm kim thng tin trc tuyn (Books Online)
Lm quen vi SQL Server 2008 5
Cc kiu d liu mi v cc hm th vin lm vic vi
cc kiu d liu ny nh XML, Cc kiu d liu gi tr ln
(lu nh, video)
H tr FileStream thao tc vi cc i tng nh phn
ln (BLOB)
Language-Integrated Query (LINQ)
H tr DotNet 3.5

Mt s tnh nng ca SQL Server 2008

Cc kiu d liu mi v cc hm th vin lm vic vi
cc kiu d liu ny nh XML, Cc kiu d liu gi tr ln
(lu nh, video)
H tr FileStream thao tc vi cc i tng nh phn
ln (BLOB)
Language-Integrated Query (LINQ)
H tr DotNet 3.5

Lm quen vi SQL Server 2008 6

SQL Server s dng ngn ng T-SQL (Transact-SQL)
truy vn d liu
T-SQL l ngn ng SQL m rng da trn SQL chun
ca ISO v ANSI.
Ngn ng truy vn d liu
SQL Server s dng ngn ng T-SQL (Transact-SQL)
truy vn d liu
T-SQL l ngn ng SQL m rng da trn SQL chun
ca ISO v ANSI.
Lm quen vi SQL Server 2008 7
Cc cu lnh T-SQL ging vi cc cu lnh SQL hc
trong mn c s d liu, c chia thnh 3 nhm:
Cc cu lnh nh ngha d liu (DDL)
Cc cu lnh thao tc d liu (DML)
Cc cu lnh iu khin d liu (DCL)
im ni bt ca T-SQL l cung cp cc tnh nng lp
trnh gip thao tc vi CSDL nh l mt ngn ng lp
trnh thc th.
Sinh vin s c hc cc tnh nng ny trong cc bi
hc sau
Transact SQL
Cc cu lnh T-SQL ging vi cc cu lnh SQL hc
trong mn c s d liu, c chia thnh 3 nhm:
Cc cu lnh nh ngha d liu (DDL)
Cc cu lnh thao tc d liu (DML)
Cc cu lnh iu khin d liu (DCL)
im ni bt ca T-SQL l cung cp cc tnh nng lp
trnh gip thao tc vi CSDL nh l mt ngn ng lp
trnh thc th.
Sinh vin s c hc cc tnh nng ny trong cc bi
hc sau
Lm quen vi SQL Server 2008 8
So snh cc h qun tr CSDL
Oracle, DB2, SQL Server
Mc so
snh
Oracle IBM Microsoft
Pht hnh 1979 1985 1987
Phin bn hin
ti
Oracle 11g DB2 9 SQL Server 2008
Mi trng Unix
OS/390
Windows
OS/390, z/OS, and
AIX
Unix
Windows
Windows
im mnh Tin cy Tin cy D s dng
H thng in
hnh
Trung bnh n
ln
Trn nn mng
Nhim v thit
yu
Ton doanh
nghip
Ln v rt ln
Kin trc tp trung
Nhim v thit yu
Ton doanh nghip
Nh ti trung bnh
Trn nn mng
Lm quen vi SQL Server 2008 9
Mc so
snh
Oracle IBM Microsoft
Pht hnh 1979 1985 1987
Phin bn hin
ti
Oracle 11g DB2 9 SQL Server 2008
Mi trng Unix
OS/390
Windows
OS/390, z/OS, and
AIX
Unix
Windows
Windows
im mnh Tin cy Tin cy D s dng
H thng in
hnh
Trung bnh n
ln
Trn nn mng
Nhim v thit
yu
Ton doanh
nghip
Ln v rt ln
Kin trc tp trung
Nhim v thit yu
Ton doanh nghip
Nh ti trung bnh
Trn nn mng
Oracle c s dng in hnh trong cc h thng ln,
thc thi cc nhim v thit yu, cc h thng chy trn
mt hoc nhiu my ch Unix.
DB2 c s dng in hnh trong cc h thng ln,
thc thi cc nhim v thit yu chy trn h thng my
mainframe s dng h iu hnh z/OS hoc OS/390.
SQL Server s dng in hnh trong cc h thng nh
n trung bnh chy trn mt hoc nhiu my ch
Windows
So snh cc h qun tr CSDL
Oracle, DB2, SQL Server
Oracle c s dng in hnh trong cc h thng ln,
thc thi cc nhim v thit yu, cc h thng chy trn
mt hoc nhiu my ch Unix.
DB2 c s dng in hnh trong cc h thng ln,
thc thi cc nhim v thit yu chy trn h thng my
mainframe s dng h iu hnh z/OS hoc OS/390.
SQL Server s dng in hnh trong cc h thng nh
n trung bnh chy trn mt hoc nhiu my ch
Windows
Lm quen vi SQL Server 2008 10
Truy cp SQL Server
t chng trnh ng dng
OLE DB
ADO JDBC
Java driver
SQL Server
ADO.NET
.NET application Java application Visual Basic 6 application
Lm quen vi SQL Server 2008 11
OLE DB
ADO JDBC
Java driver
SQL Server
ADO.NET
.NET application Java application Visual Basic 6 application
Lm quen vi SQL Server 2008 12
Cc cng c ca SQL Server 2008
Cng c M t
SQL Server Configuration
Manager
L cng c ha dng khi ng v
dng server c s d liu.
SQL Server Management
Studio
L cng c ha chnh c nh pht
trin s dng thao tc vi c s d
liu SQL Server 2008.
Lm quen vi SQL Server 2008 13
SQL Server Management
Studio
L cng c ha chnh c nh pht
trin s dng thao tc vi c s d
liu SQL Server 2008.
Books Online B ti liu cho SQL Server 2008.
hin th mn hnh Configuration Manager
Chn StartAll ProgramsMicrosoft SQL Server
2008Configuration ToolsSQL Server
Configuration Manager.
Cc tc v thng gp:
Khi ng v dng my CSDL
Thay i ch khi ng cho mt dch v
Kch hot ch truy cp kt ni t xa (remote
connection)
Kch hot truy cp kt ni t xa cho php cc my tnh khc
c th truy cp n CSDL.
SQL Server
Configuration Management
hin th mn hnh Configuration Manager
Chn StartAll ProgramsMicrosoft SQL Server
2008Configuration ToolsSQL Server
Configuration Manager.
Cc tc v thng gp:
Khi ng v dng my CSDL
Thay i ch khi ng cho mt dch v
Kch hot ch truy cp kt ni t xa (remote
connection)
Kch hot truy cp kt ni t xa cho php cc my tnh khc
c th truy cp n CSDL.
Lm quen vi SQL Server 2008 14
SQL Server
Configuration Management
Khi ng(Start)/ Dng (Stop) server c s d liu
Lm quen vi SQL Server 2008 15
1. Click chut phi vo dch
vo dch v cn khi
ng/dng. Chn Start/Stop
SQL Server
Configuration Management
- Cc ch khi
ng:
+ Automatic: Chn ch
ny dch v s t
ng start mi khi khi
ng PC.
+ Disabled: V hiu
ch khi ng.
+ Manual: Ch khi
ng bng tay
Thay i ch khi ng cho mt dch v
Lm quen vi SQL Server 2008 16
- Cc ch khi
ng:
+ Automatic: Chn ch
ny dch v s t
ng start mi khi khi
ng PC.
+ Disabled: V hiu
ch khi ng.
+ Manual: Ch khi
ng bng tay
1. Click chut phi vo dch vo
dch v. Chn Properties.
2. Chn Tab Service. Ti mc
Start Mode chn ch khi
ng mun thit lp.
SQL Server
Configuration Management
Kch hot/ v hiu ch truy cp kt ni t xa (remote
connection)
Lm quen vi SQL Server 2008 17
1. M rng mc SQL Server
Network Configuration
2. Chn Protocol cn kch hot
3. Chn Enable/Disable
Books Online
Khi ng Book Online
bng nhng cch sau:
Chn mt trong nm
lnh u tin ti menu
Help
Nhn phm F1 khi
ang mn hnh
Management Studio
Chn t menu Start
ca Windows
S dng tra cu nhanh cc thng tin v SQL v SQL
Server nh cc cu lnh v hm SQL
Lm quen vi SQL Server 2008 18
Khi ng Book Online
bng nhng cch sau:
Chn mt trong nm
lnh u tin ti menu
Help
Nhn phm F1 khi
ang mn hnh
Management Studio
Chn t menu Start
ca Windows
Lm quen vi SQL Server 2008 19
Kt ni ti SQL Server
Khi khi ng Management Studio, mt hp thoi
hin ln yu cu nhp thng tin kt ni ti SQL Server
Hai loi xc thc khi kt ni SQL Server
Windows Authentication: S dng Windows Login ID
SQL Server Authentication: S dng SQL Login ID
Windows Authentication SQL Server Authentication
Lm quen vi SQL Server 2008 20
Khi khi ng Management Studio, mt hp thoi
hin ln yu cu nhp thng tin kt ni ti SQL Server
Hai loi xc thc khi kt ni SQL Server
Windows Authentication: S dng Windows Login ID
SQL Server Authentication: S dng SQL Login ID
Windows Authentication SQL Server Authentication
Giao din Management Studio
Menu
Tool bar
CSDL
hin thi
Kt
ni/ Ngt
kt ni
CSDL
Cc tnh nng
lin quan n
truy vn
Lm quen vi SQL Server 2008 21
Ca s Query Editor
S dng nhp cu lnh SQL
c hin th khi Click vo nt
New Query
Ca s Object
Explorer
iu hng qua cc
i tng CSDL
Attach File c s d liu
Thao tc attach dng :
To mt CSDL mi s dng file CSDL c.
File s dng attach:
.mdf: File cha d liu
.ldf: File log
Lm quen vi SQL Server 2008 22
Thao tc attach dng :
To mt CSDL mi s dng file CSDL c.
File s dng attach:
.mdf: File cha d liu
.ldf: File log
- m ca s Attach
Database
+ Click chut phi vo mc
Databases trong ca s
Object Explorer. Chn
Attach
1. Click vo nt Add
duyt n v
tr lu file CSDL
Khi attach mt file CSDL, ta khng th di chuyn file
n v tr mi
di chuyn file CSDL ti v tr mi. Ta lm nh sau
Detach file CSDL
Di chuyn file CSDL ti v tr mi. Sau attach li CSDL
Detach File c s d liu
- m ca s Detach
Database.
+M rng mc Databases
trong ca s Object Explorer
+ Click chut phi vo CSDL
cn detach. Chn
Task>Detach.
Khi attach mt file CSDL, ta khng th di chuyn file
n v tr mi
di chuyn file CSDL ti v tr mi. Ta lm nh sau
Detach file CSDL
Di chuyn file CSDL ti v tr mi. Sau attach li CSDL
Lm quen vi SQL Server 2008 23
- m ca s Detach
Database.
+M rng mc Databases
trong ca s Object Explorer
+ Click chut phi vo CSDL
cn detach. Chn
Task>Detach.
Hng dn hin th
lc CSDL
-M rng nt Database
Diagrams ca CSDL
- Nhn p chut vo lc
mun xem.
Lc CSDL hin th cc bng CSDL, cc ct ca bng v
quan h gia cc bng trong CSDL.
Cc thao tc c th thc hin:
Thm ct, sa tn ct, xa ct
Lm quen vi SQL Server 2008 24
-M rng nt Database
Diagrams ca CSDL
- Nhn p chut vo lc
mun xem.
Ni dung
Attach CSDL AP (File CSDL i km vi Slide)
Xem lc CSDL AP
Detach CSDL AP
Demo
Lm quen vi SQL Server 2008 25
Nhp v thc thi cu lnh SQL
- m ca s Query
Editor. Chn nt New
Query.
- hin th danh sch
gi bm t hp phm
Alt + mi tn sang
phi
- n danh sch gi .
Bm phm Esc
- Thc thi Lnh: Chn
nt thc thi hoc bm
phm F5
lm vic vi cc cu lnh SQL, s dng ca s Query
Editor
Nt m ca s
Query Editor
Lm quen vi SQL Server 2008 26
- m ca s Query
Editor. Chn nt New
Query.
- hin th danh sch
gi bm t hp phm
Alt + mi tn sang
phi
- n danh sch gi .
Bm phm Esc
- Thc thi Lnh: Chn
nt thc thi hoc bm
phm F5
Hng dn x l li c php
- Khi thc thi lnh
SQL nu c li xy
ra. Mt thng bo
li s xut hin ti
Tab Message.
- Phn lnh gy li
s c thng bo
v c gch chn
mu
Lm quen vi SQL Server 2008 27
- Khi thc thi lnh
SQL nu c li xy
ra. Mt thng bo
li s xut hin ti
Tab Message.
- Phn lnh gy li
s c thng bo
v c gch chn
mu
Hng dn x l li c php
Mt s gi khi x l li c php:
Qun hoc la chn sai CSDL
Vit sai tn bng hoc tn ct
Vit sai t kha
B st du ng ngoc vi mt chui k t.
Lm quen vi SQL Server 2008 28
Mt s gi khi x l li c php:
Qun hoc la chn sai CSDL
Vit sai tn bng hoc tn ct
Vit sai t kha
B st du ng ngoc vi mt chui k t.
Khi lm vic vi cc cu lnh SQL trn ca s Query
Editor. Bn c th lu di nh dng .sql s dng khi
cn
M / Lu mt File SQL
Lm quen vi SQL Server 2008 29
Ca s Query Designer
m ca s Query Designer.
Nhp chut phi vo mn hnh
Query Editor trng. Chn Design
Query in Editor
Cch to truy vn
Chn cc bng cn ly d liu
Chn cc trng cn ly d liu
Thit lp cc tiu chun lc d
liu &sp xp d liu
Chn button OK. Ca s Query
Editor hin ra hin th cu lnh
truy vn va to.
S dng to truy vn (SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE,
DELETE) qua giao din ha.
Hn ch: Ch to c cc truy vn n gin
Lm quen vi SQL Server 2008 30
m ca s Query Designer.
Nhp chut phi vo mn hnh
Query Editor trng. Chn Design
Query in Editor
Cch to truy vn
Chn cc bng cn ly d liu
Chn cc trng cn ly d liu
Thit lp cc tiu chun lc d
liu &sp xp d liu
Chn button OK. Ca s Query
Editor hin ra hin th cu lnh
truy vn va to.
Khung Diagram: Hin th cc bng
dng trong truy vn
Khung Criteria: Hin th cc ct c
chn trong khung Diagram
Khung SQL: Hin th cu
lnh SQL c to bi
Query Designer
Ni dung demo: (Demo trn CSDL AP)
Thc thi cc cu lnh truy vn (INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE,
SELECT) trn cc bng
Sa li c php
S dng Query Designer to cc cu lnh truy vn
Lu File .sql
M File .sql
Demo
Ni dung demo: (Demo trn CSDL AP)
Thc thi cc cu lnh truy vn (INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE,
SELECT) trn cc bng
Sa li c php
S dng Query Designer to cc cu lnh truy vn
Lu File .sql
M File .sql
Lm quen vi SQL Server 2008 31
Cc ni dung hc trong bi
Tng quan v SQL Server
SQL Server: L h qun tr CSDL quan h. Hot ng theo
m hnh khch ch, cho php ng thi nhiu truy cp
n CSDL
Ngn ng lm vic vi CSDL trn SQL server l T-SQL
C php cc cu lnh ca T-SQL tng t nh ngn ng
SQL.
T-SQL h tr cc tnh nng lp trnh gip thao tc vi
CSDL nh l mt ngn ng lp trnh thc th.
Tng kt
Cc ni dung hc trong bi
Tng quan v SQL Server
SQL Server: L h qun tr CSDL quan h. Hot ng theo
m hnh khch ch, cho php ng thi nhiu truy cp
n CSDL
Ngn ng lm vic vi CSDL trn SQL server l T-SQL
C php cc cu lnh ca T-SQL tng t nh ngn ng
SQL.
T-SQL h tr cc tnh nng lp trnh gip thao tc vi
CSDL nh l mt ngn ng lp trnh thc th.
Lm quen vi SQL Server 2008 32
Cc cng c ca SQL Server
SQL Server Configuration Manager: khi ng v
dng my CSDL, cu hnh cc dch v ca SQL v cu hnh
truy cp kt ni t xa
SQL Server Book Online: B ti liu tra cu thng tin
nhanh ca SQL Server
SQL Server Management Studio: Cng c ha
thao tc vi CSDL
Tng kt
Cc cng c ca SQL Server
SQL Server Configuration Manager: khi ng v
dng my CSDL, cu hnh cc dch v ca SQL v cu hnh
truy cp kt ni t xa
SQL Server Book Online: B ti liu tra cu thng tin
nhanh ca SQL Server
SQL Server Management Studio: Cng c ha
thao tc vi CSDL
Lm quen vi SQL Server 2008 33
Lm quen vi cng c Management Studio
Kt ni ti CSDL
Attach CSDL
Detach CSDL
Xem lc CSDL
Nhp v thc thi truy vn
X l li c php
M lu File .sql
To truy vn vi ca s Query Designer
Tng kt
Lm quen vi cng c Management Studio
Kt ni ti CSDL
Attach CSDL
Detach CSDL
Xem lc CSDL
Nhp v thc thi truy vn
X l li c php
M lu File .sql
To truy vn vi ca s Query Designer
Lm quen vi SQL Server 2008 34