lowercase lellers, such as h and b, lhal exlends above lhe x-heighl is lhe ascender. xrrktukr The aperlure is lhe parlially enclosed, somewhal rounded negalive space in some characlers such as n, C, S, lhe lower parl of e, or lhe upper parl of a double-slorey a. xxIs An imaginary line drawn from lop lo bollom of a glyph bisecling lhe upper and lower slrokes is lhe axis. sxsrtIur The imaginary line upon which lhe lellers in a fonl appear lo resl. scWt The curved parl of lhe characler lhal encloses lhe circular or curved parls (counler) of some lellers such as d, b, o, 0, and 8 is lhe bowl. skxckrt The brackel is a curved or wedge-like conneclion belween lhe slem and serif of some fonls. Nol all serifs are brackeled serifs. 1Y ANA1oMY Quick Reference Basic parts of a typeface a Typeface Anatomy Handglovery 8racket Lrossbar Stem 1erminaI Lounter loo[lobe Axis link[Neck 8owI fye Aerture 1aiI 0escender Serif ShouIder Ascender far 0vershoot ckr-uccu1 x-uccu1 akscLuc www.IoufsIoI.co foLL IaLL rf 888 II Ioufs 415.252.1003 cxr urIcut The heighl from lhe baseline lo lhe lop of lhe uppercase lellers (nol including diacrilics). ccuutrk The enclosed or parlially enclosed circular or curved negalive space (while space) of some lellers such as d, o, and s. ckcsssxk The (usually) horizonlal slroke across lhe middle of uppercase A and F is a crossbar. urscruurk Any parl in a lowercase leller lhal exlends below lhe baseline, found for example in g, |, p, q, y, elc. Some lypes of descenders have specific names. rxk Typically found on lhe lower case g, an ear is a decoralive flourish usually on lhe upper righl side of lhe bowl. rvr Huch like a counler, lhe eye refers specifically lo lhe enclosed space in a lowercase e. tIuk]urck The slroke, oflen curved, lhal connecls lhe bowl and loop of a double-slorey g. tccr]tcsr In a double-slorey g, lhe loop is lhe enclosed or parlially enclosed counler below lhe baseline lhal is connecled lo lhe bowl by a link. The enclosed or parlially enclosed exlenders on cursive p, b, l, and similiar lellers are also called loops. txIt The descending, oflen decoralive slroke on lhe leller , or lhe descending, oflen curved diagonal slroke on K or R is lhe lail. trkMIuxt The end (slraighl or curved) of any slroke lhal doesnl include a serif. x-urIcut The heighl of lhe lowercase lellers, disregarding ascenders or descenders, lypically exemplified by lhe leller x. The relalionship of lhe x-heighl lo lhe body defines lhe perceived lype size. A lypeface wilh a large x-heighl looks much bigger lhan a lypeface wilh a small x-heighl al lhe same size. 1Y ANA1oMY Quick Reference a Fent5he ducatien wilhoul lraining lhe besl lypefaces can only go so far. Thals why IonlShop is more lhan a shop lhal sells fonls we wanl lo help you do greal work loo. el more lypography lips and lulorials al fonlshop.com[educalion. 2010 FontShop International. All rights reserved. All Trademarks named herein remain the property of their respective owners. The contents of this publication may not be repurposed or duplicated without express prior written permission. Abeut Fent5he Iounded by Lrik Spiekermann and Neville 8rody in 1989, IonlShop is lhe original independenl relailer of digilal lype. we offer more lhan 1uu,uuu fonls from dozens of experl-selecled foundries, including our house brand: IonlIonl. Le|ehen This documenl is sel in II Hela Serif for lilles, and II unil for caplions and lexl. Further keadin FontShop Fundamentals 2 Erik Spiekermann's Typo Tips Type Glossary Type Anatomy 0n|ine keseurces Fontshop.com FontFeed.com Spiekermann.com www.IoufsIoI.co[LaucrfIou foLL IaLL rf 888 II Ioufs 415.252.1003