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Ban quyen 2005- Khoa Cong Nghe Thong Tin Trang 1
Trng ai Hoc Bach Khoa Tp.HCM

BI GING
MN: LP TRNH MNG
(Cp nht: 3/2006)
Hiu chnh: Nguyn Cao t
E-mail: dat@hcmut.edu.vn
GII THIEU
Mc tiu
Cung cp kin thc nn tng v lp trnh mng (Client/Server).
Cung cp k nng lp trnh mng trn cc mi trng pht trin phn
mm trc quan nh VC++, JBuilder.
Nm vng cc giao thc cp ng dng ca cc ng dng ph bin nh
DNS, E-mail, FTP, HTTP,... c kh nng lp trnh cc ng dng
mng.
Ti liu thamkho
[1] Computer Networks, A.S. Tanenbaum, Prentice-Hall, Edition 3.
[2] Unix network programming.
[3] Winsock Programming
Thng tin lin lc
E-mail : dat@hcmut.edu.vn
Telephone : 8647256 5200
GII THIEU
Chng trnh hc chi tit
Chng 0: Khi qut v mng my tnh, TCP/IP
Chng 1: Lp trnh mng dng socket
Chng 2: Lp trnh MiniChat dng VC++ bng c ch x l s kin
Chng 3: Lp trnh MiniChat dng JBuilder bng c ch x l s kin
Chng 4: DHMTL v lp trnh Web chy client
Chng 5: Lp trnh Web chy server
Chuyn :
Lp trnh mng vi cc giao thc khc.
XML-RPC
SOAP WebService
CHNG 0
KHI QUT V MNG MY TNH,
TCP/IP
GII THIU
Mng my tnh cp n vic kt ni nhng my
tnh hot ng c lp li vi nhau thng qua mi
trng truyn thng.
V SAO PHI S DNG MNG MY TNH
Chia x thong tin.
Chia xe phan cng va phan mem.
Ho tr va quan ly tap trung.
CC CU HNH MNG MY TNH
CC CU HNH MNG MY TNH
MNG KHCH CH (Server based)
CC THNH PHN C BN CA MNG MY TNH
Thit b phn cng v mi trng truyn
Cc mi trng truyn tn hiu
Cc thit b phn cng
Kt ni cc mi trng truyn li vi nhau (Hub, Switch).
iu khin qu trnh truyn d liu (Switch, Router, Gateway).
Chy cc phn mm (my tnh c nhn, my ch).
Phn mmmng
Truyn nhn d liu tin cy gia hai tin trnh, hai my tnh
Nn tng nh PPP, Frame Relay, TCP/IP, IPX/SPX, NetBEUI.
Cc phn mm mng (Web Browser/ Web Server, E-mail
Client/Server,..).
MNG CC B V NG DNG MNG
Local-Area Network
MNG DIN RNG V NG DNG MNG
Wide-Area Network
PROTOCOL, LAYER, OSI MODEL
Giao thc (Protocol)
Qui tc cc thnh phn lin lc nhau.
Cn quan tm
nh dng hay th t ca message trao i.
Hnh ng khi nhn message
Lp (Layer)
Sorting at Post Office
Write a letter
SD P110
Professional Workstation 5000
Put letter into an envelope
and address it
Letter goes on truck
for delivery
Translate letter to
another language
Monitoring sorted mail
on conveyor
Put letter in mailbox
M hnh thamkho OSI
Interconnectivity
Interoperability
Local connection
Remote connection
Logical connection
Physical
Data Link
Network
Transport
Session
Presentation
Application
user
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
C ch trao i thng tin
nh dng thng tin
B GIAO THC TCP/IP
Khi nim
Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol
c pht trin bi Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA).
a vo chun 1983.
SO SNH GIA OSI V TCP/IP
Telnet
FTP SMTP DNS SNMP
TCP UDP
ICMP
IP ARP
Ethernet Token Ring FDDI WANs
Network
interface layer
Internet layer
(gateway level)
Transport layer
(host level)
Applications
layer
TCP/IP OSI
Application
Presentation
Session
Transport
Network
Data link
Physical
SO SNH GIA OSI V TCP/IP
TNG INTERNET TRONG TCP/IP
Cc giao thc
IP, ARP, RARP, ICMP.
a ch ton cc
Cc my tnh giao tip vi nhau thng qua a ch IP v tn gi nh.
Hy suy ngh a ch IP nh thng tin nh ca bn !!!!
a ch IP : Mi a ch l mt cp (netid, hostid).
A CH IP
a ch IP (version 4)
a ch IP c chiu di 4 bytes (32 bits)
a ch IP thng biu bin dng thp phn :
xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx (x l s thp phn 0-9)
V d : 172.28.11.100
Netmask
a ch mng tng trng nh thng tin con ng, phng, qun (mt vng)
Dng mt n mng (Netmask) khai bo s bit dng cho a ch mng.
V d: 255.255.255.0 (24 bits dnh cho a ch mng, 8 bits cn li dnh cho a
ch my).
a ch my tng trng cho ch s nh (duy nht trong 1 mng con)
A CH IP
Phn lp a ch
Xc nh bi nhng bit nhn dng (Class ID).
S tng quan gia lp v kch thc mng
A CH IP
Cc a ch IP c bit
Cc vng a ch IP dnh ring (Private Network)
10.0.0.0 -> 10.255.255.255.255
172.16.0.0 -> 172.31.255.255
192.168.0.0 -> 192.168.255.255
A CH IP
CC GIAO THC XEM XT
INTERNET PROTOCOL
Khi nim
RFC 791
Giao thc lp 3 ph bin.
Giao thc nn tng to mng Internet.
Chc nng
nh ngha cu trc cc gi d liu l n v c s cho vic truyn d
liu trn Internet.
nh tuyn chuyn cc gi d liu trong mng.
c tnh
C kh nng pht hin li trong phn header.
N lc ti a(Best-effort): khng tin cy v khng c kt ni.
Phn mnh v hp nht.
INTERNET PROTOCOL
nh dng ca IP Datagram
INTERNET PROTOCOL
nh dng ca IP Datagram (tip theo)
Version(VER): IPv4 hay IPv6.
Flags, Fragmentation offset : dng cho vn phn mnh.
Time To Live.
Protocol:
OSPF 89
IPv6 41
UDP 17
EGP 8
TCP 6
IGMP 2
ICMP 1
Protocol Value
INTERNET PROTOCOL
Phn mnh (Fragment)
MTU (Maximum Transfer Unit)
Chiu di ti a ca IP Datagram
l: 65.535 Bytes.
Khi i qua cc mng c MTU
nh hn th cn phn mnh.
Khi n ch s thc hin hp
nht.
296 PPP
576 X.25
1500 Ethernet
4.352 FDDI
4.464 Token ring
(4Mbps)
17.914 Token ring
(16Mbps)
65.535 Hyperchannel
MTU(Bytes) Protocol
INTERNET PROTOCOL
V d v phn mnh i vi Ethernet
INTERNET CONTROL MESSAGE PROTOCOL
Khi nim
Gi cc thng bo li v cc thng bo iu khin.
Cc loi sau c dng nh ngha thng ip:
Address Reply Address Request
Echo reply Echo
Information Reply Information Request
Timestamp Reply Timestamp
Redirect
Source Quench Parameter Problem
Time to Live Exceeded Destination Unreachable
ADDRESS RESOLUTION PROTOCOL
Khi nim
Phn gii hay nh x t a ch IP thnh a ch MAC.
C ch hot ng.
V d cng subnet
Host Stevens
172.16.10.10
255.255.255.0
MAC 00-0C-04-17-91-CC
172.16.10.0/24
Host Cerf
172.16.10.25
255.255.255.0
MAC 00-0C-04-38-44-AA
Destination Source
Router A
Ethernet 0
172.16.10.1
255.255.255.0
MAC 03-0D-17-8A-F1-32
Host Stevens a ch IP l 172.16.10.10
mun gi IP packet n Host Cerf a
ch IP l 172.16.10.25.
V d cng subnet (tip theo)
Host Stevens
172.16.10.10
255.255.255.0
MAC 00-0C-04-17-91-CC
172.16.10.0/24
Host Cerf
172.16.10.25
255.255.255.0
MAC 00-0C-04-38-44-AA
ARP Table
IP Address MAC Address
172.16.10.3 00-0C-04-32-14-A1
172.16.10.19 00-0C-14-02-00-19
172.16.10.33 00-0C-A6-19-46-C1
Destination Source
Destination MAC Address???
Router A
Ethenet 0
- ARP Request t host Stevens a ch IP 172.16.10.10
op field ARP request = 1
ARP reply = 2
RARP request = 3
RARP reply = 4
Hey everyone! I have this IP Address, 172.28.10.25, and I need the device
this belongs to, to send me their MAC address.
ARP Request from 172.16.10.10
Ethernet Header Ethernet Data 28 byte ARP request/reply
Ethernet
Destinatio
n Address
(MAC)
Ethernet
Source
Address
(MAC)
Fram
e
Type
ARP
header
s, i.e.
op field
Senders
Ethernet
Address
(MAC)
Senders
IP Address
Targets
Ethernet
Address
(MAC)
Targets
IP Address
FF-FF-
FF-FF-
FF-FF
00-0C-
04-17-
91-CC
0x806 op = 1 00-0C-
04-17-
91-CC
172.16.10.10 172.16.10.25

- ARP Reply t Cerf a ch IP 172.16.10.25
Hey sender of ARP Request! Here is my MAC address
that you wanted for that IP address.
ARP Reply from 172.16.10.25
Ethernet
Destinatio
n Address
(MAC)
Ethernet
Source
Address
(MAC)
Fram
e
Type
ARP
header
s, i.e.
op field
Senders
Ethernet
Address
(MAC)
Senders
IP Address
Targets
Ethernet
Address
(MAC)
Targets
IP Address
00-0C-
04-17-
91-CC
00-0C-
04-38-
44-AA
0x806 op = 2 00-0C-
04-38-
44-AA
172.16.10.25 00-0C-
04-17-
91-CC
172.16.10.10

Here it is!
- Host Stevens nhn c ARP Reply v a a ch IP, v a ch MAC ca
Host Cerf vo bng ARP ca n.
- Host Stevens by gi c tt c cc thng tin cn thit ng gi IP
packet vo Ethernet frame v gi frame ny trc tip n Host Cerf.
Ethernet Frame
Ethernet Header IP Datagram from above Ethern
et
Trailer
MAC
Destination
Address

00-0C-
04-38-
44-AA

MAC
Source Address

00-0C-
04-17-
91-CC
Other
Heade
r
Info

IP
Header
Info

IP Original
Source
Address

172.17.10.10
IP Final
Destination
Address

172.16.10.25
Data FCS

V d khc subnet
Host Stevens a ch IP l 172.16.10.10 mun gi mt IP packet n
Host Perlman a ch IP l 172.16.20.12
Host Stevens
172.16.10.10
255.255.255.0
MAC 00-0C-04-17-91-CC
172.16.10.0/24
Host Perlman
172.16.20.12
255.255.255.0
MAC 00-0C-22-A3-14-01
Destination Source
Router A
Ethernet 0
172.16.10.1
255.255.255.0
MAC 03-0D-17-8A-F1-32
172.16.20.0/24
V d khc subnet (tip theo)
Host Stevens
172.16.10.10
255.255.255.0
MAC 00-0C-04-17-91-CC
172.16.10.0/24
Host Perlman
172.16.20.12
255.255.255.0
MAC 00-0C-22-A3-14-01
ARP Table
IP Address MAC Address
172.16.10.3 00-0C-04-32-14-A1
172.16.10.19 00-0C-14-02-00-19
172.16.10.33 00-0C-A6-19-46-C1
Destination
Source
Default Gateway's (the router's)
MAC Address???
Router A
Ethernet 0
172.16.10.1
255.255.255.0
MAC 03-0D-17-8A-F1-32
172.16.20.0/24
- ARP Request t host Stevens a ch IP 172.16.10.10
op field ARP request = 1
ARP reply = 2
RARP request = 3
RARP reply = 4
Hey everyone! I have this IP Address, 172.16.10.1, and I need the device
this belongs to, to send me their MAC address.
ARP Request from 172.16.10.10
Ethernet
Destinatio
n Address
(MAC)
Ethernet
Source
Address
(MAC)
Fram
e
Type
ARP
header
s, i.e.
op field
Senders
Ethernet
Address
(MAC)
Senders
IP Address
Targets
Ethernet
Address
(MAC)
Targets
IP Address
FF-FF-
FF-FF-
FF-FF
00-0C-
04-17-
91-CC
0x806 op = 1 00-0C-
04-17-
91-CC
172.16.10.10 172.16.10.1

- ARP Reply t Router A a ch IP 172.16.10.1
Hey sender of ARP Request! Here is my MAC address that you
wanted for that IP address.
Here it is!
ARP Reply from 172.16.10.1
Ethernet
Destinatio
n Address
(MAC)
Ethernet
Source
Address
(MAC)
Fram
e
Type
ARP
header
s, i.e.
op field
Senders
Ethernet
Address
(MAC)
Senders
IP Address
Targets
Ethernet
Address
(MAC)
Targets
IP Address
00-0C-
04-17-
91-CC
03-0D-
17-8A-
F1-32
0x806 op = 2 03-0D-
17-8A-
F1-32
172.16.10.1 00-0C-
04-17-
91-CC
172.16.10.10

- Host Stevens nhn c ARP Reply v a a ch IP, a ch MAC ca
Host Cerf vo bng ARP ca n.
- Host Stevens by gi c tt c cc thng tin cn thit ng gi IP
packet vo Ethernet frame v gi frame ny n Router A.
Ethernet Frame
Ethernet Header IP Datagram from above Ethern
et
Trailer
MAC
Destination
Address

03-0D-
17-8A-
F1-32
MAC
Source Address

00-0C-
04-17-
91-CC
Other
Heade
r
Info

IP
Header
Info

IP Original
Source
Address

172.17.10.10
IP Final
Destination
Address

172.16.10.1
Data FCS

Cung cp vic vn chuyn d liu trong sut gia cc
h thng u cui (end systems).
TNG VAN CHUYEN
TNG VAN CHUYEN TRONG TCP/IP
Mt giao thc ph bin tng vn chuyn
c chun ho trn RFC 793
Cc c imchnh
Tin cy.
Hng kt ni (Connection oriented).
Hot ng hai chiu ng thi.
Phn mnh thng ip v rp li ch.
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)
a ch ng dung
Khng th dng a ch IP.
Phi lm vic trn tt c
cc h thng my tnh.
Khng th s dng cc ch
s trn h iu hnh:
Process ID
Task number
Job name
a ch ng dung
Ch s port
Mi ng dng c gn
mt ch s nguyn.
M hnh Client-Server.
Server: Lun dng m ch
s port bit (well-known
port)
Client: Ly ch s port cha
dng t h thng.
a ch ng dung
Ch s port v cc dch v
a ch ng dung
Ch s cc port chun
Xem tp tin /etc/services trn cc h thng UNIX v
\winnt\system32\drivers\etc\services trn Windows NT
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)
nh dng ca TCP Segment
UDP (User Datagram Protocol)
c chun ho trn RFC 768
Cc c imchnh:
Giao thc khng kt ni (Connectionless protocol)
Phn phi thng ip khng tin cy nhng best effort
C kh nng pht hin li (trng checksum)
Khng iu khin dng (khng window)
Khng iu khin li (khng ACK)
Cung cp a ch ng dng (ch s port)
UDP (User Datagram Protocol)
nh dng thng ip UDP
Cc ng dng dng Client Server.
Cc ng dng FTP, WWW, E-mail.
ng dung mang
He thong ten mien (DNS)
Khi nim
nh x tn gi nh thnh a ch IP v ngc li.
He thong ten mien (DNS)
DNS Name Space:
He thong th tn ien t (E-mail)
Khi nim
H thng Email hin nay l h thng email cu ARPANET c xy
dng nm 1982 da trn RFC 821 (Transmission protocol) v RFC
822 (message format).
Cu trc v dch v
User agent
Message transfer agent
User Agent
Message
Transfer Agent
Message
Transfer Agent
User Agent
SMTP SMTP
SMTP
SMTP
Chuyn message
Trn Internet, email c chuyn bng cch my ngun thit lp mt
cu ni TCP qua port 25 ca my ch. Chng trnh c chy trn
port ny l SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)
N s lng nghe ti port 25 v cho php thit lp cc cu ni t
c cc message v chuyn n cc a ch tng ng.
Nhn message t mail server n mail client
Trn Internet, email c nhn bng cch my ngun thit lp mt cu
ni TCP qua port 110 ca my mail server. Chng trnh c chy
trn port ny l POP3 (Post Office Protocol Ver 3)
N s lng nghe ti port 110 v cho php thit lp cc cu ni t
c cc message v chuyn n cc mail client.
POP2 & IMAP
He thong th tn
ien t (E-mail)
SMTP
Phn phi th
Nhn th bng POP3
POP3 & IMAP
World Wide Web
M hnh
World Wide Web
M hnh
WWW l mt h thng c cu trc truy cp cc vn bn
c t khp ni trn hng ngn ci my tnh trn ton
th gii.
Server :
Web Server : lng nghe ti port TCP 80
Giao thc s dng : HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol)
World Wide Web
Server Side & Client Side
World Wide Web
Server Side & Client Side
World Wide Web
Cc phng thc ca HTTP
World Wide Web
V d
TONG KET
Khi qut v mng my tnh
Khi nim
Cu hnh
Cc thnh phn c bn
M hnh OSI
Protocol
Layer
OSI Model
B giao thc TCP/IP
IP
TCP, UDP
DNS, SMTP, POP3, HTTP

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Ban quyen 2005- Khoa Cong Nghe Thong Tin Trang 1

Trng ai Hoc Bach Khoa Tp.HCM

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