MATHS

"manishkumarphysics.in"
1
sfani f+iif-it4 +na
(Inverse trigonometric functions)
Introduction : tn lzi+iini-i +n-i = sin x, cos x, tan x, cosec x, sec x, cot x + i n c -+ t. l-+
l+ i-- +nzi R, R, R {(2n + 1) t/2}, R {nt}, R {(2n + 1) t/2}, R {nt} -ii l= +nzi
[1, 1], [1, 1], R, R (1, 1), R (1, 1), R t
z l-ni n lzi+i ilnl-i +n- (l-ni n l-i +n-) liili- t
sin
1
x : -i+ sin
1
x i arcsinx +ii u +i := -t l-l- +- t l+ sin u = x. :=+i =iii ~i t l+ sin
1
x (+ +n-
-ti t +i l+ t +n- ti - + ln ~iz+ l-ni +i = - -ti +-i t . n l+- --i +- l+- + n [1, 1]
+i i-- + n ~i ni-+ =n-- [t/2, t/2] +i :=+ l= n n- sin
1
x (+ (+n ni- +n-
(single valued function) - i-i t
~- sin
1
x +i i-- [1, 1] ~i l= [t/2, t/2] n (+ +n- + n lni i =+-i t
y = sin
1
x +i ~in i -i- <zii i ni t . l= y = sin x + x = t/2 = x = t/2 -+ + iin +i ii y = x < i
l-l- n + i-- l+i ni t
cos
1
x : - l< n +i-i + ~-=i cos
1
x i arccos x +i (+ +n- +i -t lni i-i t l=+i i--
[1, 1] ~i l= [0, t] t
y = cos
1
x +i ~ini ii :=i -t y = cos x + x = 0 = x = t -+ + iin +i ii y = x <ii l-l- n+
i-- l+i ni t
tan
1
x : tan
1
x i arctanx +i (+ +n- + n n- + ln -=+i i-- R ~i l= (t/2, t/2) i- t
y = tan
1
x +i ~ini
MATHS
"manishkumarphysics.in"
2
t/2
t/2
y
x
o
cosec
1
x : cosec
1
x i arccosec x (+ +n- t l=+i i-- R (1, 1) ~i l= [t/2, t/2] {0} n- t
y = cosec
1
x +i ~ini
sec
1
x : sec
1
x i arcsec x (+ +n- t l=+i i-- R (1, 1) ~i l= [0, t] {t/2} t
y = sec
1
x +i ~ini
cot
1
x : cot
1
x i arccot x (+ +n- t l=+i i-- R ~i l= (0, t) t
y = cot
1
x +i ~ini
MATHS
"manishkumarphysics.in"
3
a<iri # 1 : tan
(
(

|
|
.
|

\
|
+ |
.
|

\
|

3
1
tan
2
1
cos
1 1
+i ni- ai- +il(
rn: tan
(
(

|
|
.
|

\
|
+ |
.
|

\
|

3
1
tan
2
1
cos
1 1
= tan (

|
.
|

\
| t
+
t
6 3
= tan
|
.
|

\
| t
6
=
3
1
.
a<iri # 2 : sin
1
(2x
2
1) +i i-- ai- +il(
rn: ni-i y = sin
1
(2x
2
1)
y liili- ti- + ln( 1 s (2x
2
1) s 1
0 s 2x
2
s 2 0 s x
2
s 1 x e [1, 1].
4iu +i4 :
(1) sin (

|
.
|

\
|

t

2
1
sin
3
1
+i ni- ai- +il(
(2) cosec [sec
1
( 2 ) + cot
1
( 1)] +i ni- ai- +il(
(3) y = sec
1
(x
2
+ 3x + 1) +i i-- ai- +il(
(4) y = cos
1
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
2
2
x 1
x
+i i-- ai- +il(
(5) y = tan
1
) 1 x (
2

+i i-- ai- +il(

Answers : (1) 1 (2) 1
(3) ( , 3] [ 2, 1] [0, ) (4) R (5) ( , 1] [1, )
niri 1 : x
sin
1
x, tan
1
x, cosec
1
x + ~in i n nl-< + =i -i =nln- t
~- tn +t =+- t l+ sin
1
(x) = sin
1
x
tan
1
(x) = tan
1
x
cosec
1
(x) = cosec
1
x.
-ii cos
1
x, sec
1
x, cot
1
x + ~in i l-< (0, t/2) + =i -i =nln- t . :== tn +t =+- t l+
cos
1
(x) = t cos
1
x
sec
1
(x) = t sec
1
x
cot
1
(x) = t cot
1
x.
MATHS
"manishkumarphysics.in"
4
niri 2 : T(T
1
)
(i) sin (sin
1
x) = x, 1 s x s 1
Proof : ni-i u = sin
1
x. -i x e [1, 1] ~i u e [t/2, t/2].
sin u = x, -i+ + ~i ,ii
sin (sin
1
x) = x
:=i -t tn l--- +i l=z + =+- t
(ii) cos (cos
1
x) = x, 1 s x s 1
(iii) tan (tan
1
x) = x, x e R
(iv) cot (cot
1
x) = x, x e R
(v) sec (sec
1
x) = x, x s 1, x > 1
(vi) cosec (cosec
1
x) = x, |x| > 1
y = sin (sin
1
x) cos (cos
1
x) +i ~in i
y = tan (tan
1
x) cot (cot
1
x) +i ~in i
y = cosec (cosec
1
x) sec (sec
1
x) +i ~in i
niri 3 : T
1
(T)
(i) sin
1
(sin x) =

e t + t + t t + e t +
t + t t t e + t
Z n ], 2 / ) 1 n 2 ( , 2 / ) 1 n 2 [( x , x ) 1 n 2 (
] 2 / n 2 , 2 / n 2 [ x , x n 2
MATHS
"manishkumarphysics.in"
5
Proof : l< x e [2nt t/2, 2nt + t/2], -i 2nt + x e [t/2, t/2] ~i sin (2nt + x) = sin x.
~- sin
1
(sin x) = 2nt + x for x e [2nt t/2, 2nt + t/2].
2
nd
iin +i =i- liii - +
y = sin
1
(sin x) +i ~ini
(ii) cos
1
(cos x) =

I e t t e t
t + t e + t
n ], n 2 , ) 1 n 2 [( x , x n 2
] ) 1 n 2 ( , n 2 [ x , x n 2
y = cos
1
(cos x) +i ~ini
(iii) tan
1
(tan x) = nt + x, nt t/2 < x < nt + t/2, n e
Z
y = tan
1
(tan x) +i ~ini
MATHS
"manishkumarphysics.in"
6
(iv) cosec
1
(cosec x) +i ~in i ii sin
1
(sin x) + =ni- ti t
y = cosec
1
(cosec x) +i ~ini
(v) sec
1
(sec x) +i ~in i cos
1
(cos x) + =ni- t
y = sec
1
(sec x) +i ~ini
(vii) cot
1
(cot x) = nt + x, x e (nt , (n + 1) t ), n e
Z
y = cot
1
(cot x) +i ~ini
MATHS
"manishkumarphysics.in"
7
faiit : sin (sin
1
x), cos (cos
1
x), .... cot (cot
1
x) ~-i-i (non periodic) +n- t l+
sin
1
(sin x), ..., cot
1
(cot x) ~i-i +n- t
niri 4 : 1/x
(i) cosec
1
(x) = sin
1
(1/x), |x| > 1
tn : ni-i cosec
1
x = u
1/x = sin u
sin
1
(1/x) = sin
1
(sin u)
= u (as u e[t/2, t/2] {0})
= cosec
1
x
(ii) sec
1
x = cos
1
(1/x), |x| > 1
(iii) cot
1
x =

< + t
>

0 x ), x / 1 ( tan
0 x ), x / 1 ( tan
1
1
niri 5 : t/2
(i) sin
1
x + cos
1
x =
2
t
, 1 s x s 1
tn : ni-i A = sin
1
x ~i B = cos
1
x
sin A = x ~i cos B = x
sin A = cos B
sin A = sin (t/2 B)
A = t/2 B, +i l+ A ~i t/2 B e [t/2, t/2]
A + B = t/2.
:=i +i tn +t =+- t l+
(ii) tan
1
x + cot
1
x =
2
t
, x e R
(iii) cosec
1
x + sec
1
x =
2
t
, |x| > 1
MATHS
"manishkumarphysics.in"
8
a<iri # 3 : cosec
)
`

|
.
|

\
| t

4
3
cot cot
1
+i ni- ai- +il(
rn :
cot (cot
1
x) = x, x e R
cot |
.
|

\
| t

4
3
cot
1
=
4
3t
cosec
)
`

|
.
|

\
| t

4
3
cot cot
1
= cosec
|
.
|

\
| t
4
3
= 2 .
a<iri # 4 tan
1
|
.
|

\
| t
4
3
tan
+i ni- ai- +il(
rn :
tan
1
(tan x) = x l< x e
|
.
|

\
| t t

2
,
2
=i l+
4
3t
e
|
.
|

\
| t t

2
,
2
tan
1
|
.
|

\
| t
4
3
tan
=
4
3t

4
3t
e
|
.
|

\
| t t
2
3
,
2
y = tan
1
(tan x) +i ~ini := +i t
-i+- ni+ = tn +t =+- t l+ l<
2
t
< x <
2
3t
,
-i tan
1
(tan x) = x t
tan
1
|
.
|

\
| t
4
3
tan
=
4
3t
t =
4
t
a<iri # 5 : sin
1
(sin7) ~i sin
1
(sin (5)) +i ni- ai- +i
rn ni-i y = sin
1
(sin 7)
sin
1
(sin 7) = 7 +il+ 7 e
(

t t

2
,
2
2t < 7 <
2
5t
MATHS
"manishkumarphysics.in"
9
y = sin
1
(sin x) +i ni+ := -t t
ni+ = tn +t =+- t l+ l< 2t s x s
2
5t
, -i
y = sin
1
(sin x ) +i := -t lni =+- t
y = x 2t
sin
1
(sin 7) = 7 2t
:=i -t l< tn sin
1
(sin(5)) +i ni- ai- +-i t. -i
2t < 5 <
2
3t
sin
1
(sin x) + ~in i = tn +t =+- t l+
sin
1
(sin(5)) = 2t + (5) = 2t 5
a<iri # 6 : cos
1
{sin( 5)} +i ni- ai- +il(
rn : ni-i y = cos
1
{sin(5)}
= cos
1
( sin 5)
= t cos
1
(sin 5) (cos
1
( x) = t cos
1
x, |x| s 1)
= t cos
1
)
`

|
.
|

\
|

t
5
2
cos ..........(i)
aia + 2t < |
.
|

\
|

t
5
2
< t
cos
1
(cos x ) +i ~i-i := -t t
ni+ = tn +t =+- t l+ l< 2t s x s t, -i cos
1
(cosx) = x + 2t
ni+ = cos
1
)
`

|
.
|

\
|

t
5
2
cos
=
|
.
|

\
|

t
5
2
+ 2t =
|
.
|

\
|

t
5
2
5
MATHS
"manishkumarphysics.in"
10
(i) =. tn i-- t l+
y = t |
.
|

\
|

t
5
2
5
y = 5
2
3t
.
a<iri # 7 : tan
)
`

|
.
|

\
|

3
2
cot
1
+i ni- ai- +il(
rn : ni-i y = tan
)
`

|
.
|

\
|

3
2
cot
1
........(i)
cot
1
(x) = t cot
1
x, x e R
(i) +i := -t lnii i =+-i t
y = tan
)
`

|
.
|

\
|
t

3
2
cot
1
y = tan |
.
|

\
|

3
2
cot
1
cot
1
x = tan
1
x
1
l< x > 0
y = tan
|
.
|

\
|

2
3
tan
1
y =
2
3
a<iri # 8 : sin |
.
|

\
|

4
3
tan
1
+i ni- ai- +il(
rn : sin |
.
|

\
|

4
3
tan
1
= sin |
.
|

\
|

5
3
sin
1
=
5
3
a<iri # 9 : tan
|
|
.
|

\
|

3
5
cos
2
1
1
+i ni- ai- +il(
rn : ni-i y = tan
|
|
.
|

\
|

3
5
cos
2
1
1
..........(i)
ni-i cos
1
3
5
= u u e |
.
|

\
| t
2
, 0 ~i cos u =
3
5
=ni+i (i) y = tan |
.
|

\
| u
2
n ll-- ti i-i t ..........(ii)
tan
2
2
u
=
u +
u
cos 1
cos 1
=
3
5
1
3
5
1
+

=
5 3
5 3
+

=
4
) 5 3 (
2

MATHS
"manishkumarphysics.in"
11
tan
2
u
=
|
|
.
|

\
|

2
5 3
.........(iii)
2
u
e
|
.
|

\
| t
4
, 0
tan
2
u
> 0
=ni+i (iii) = tn y = tan
2
u
=
|
|
.
|

\
|

2
5 3
i-- +- t
a<iri # 10 : cos (2cos
1
x + sin
1
x) +i ni- ai- +i - x =
5
1
ti
rn : cos |
.
|

\
|
+

5
1
sin
5
1
cos 2
1 1
= cos |
.
|

\
|
+ +

5
1
cos
5
1
sin
5
1
cos
1 1 1
= cos
|
.
|

\
|
+
t

5
1
cos
2
1
= sin
|
|
.
|

\
|
|
.
|

\
|

5
1
cos
1
.........(i)
=
2
5
1
1 |
.
|

\
|

=
5
6 2
.
Aliter : Let
5
1
cos
1
= u cos u =
5
1
~i u e
|
.
|

\
| t
2
, 0
sinu =
5
24
sin
1
(sin u) = sin
1
|
|
.
|

\
|
5
24
..........(ii)
u e
|
.
|

\
| t
2
, 0
sin
1
(sin u) = u
=ni+i (ii) +i := -t lnii i =+-i t
u = sin
1
|
|
.
|

\
|
5
24
u = cos
1
|
.
|

\
|
5
1
cos
1
|
.
|

\
|
5
1
= sin
1
|
|
.
|

\
|
5
24
~ =ni+i (i) +i := -t lnii i =+-i t
y = sin

|
|
.
|

\
|

5
24
sin
1
........(iii)

5
24
e [1, 1] sin

|
|
.
|

\
|

5
24
sin
1
=
5
24
=ni+i (iii) = tn y =
5
24
i-- +- t
MATHS
"manishkumarphysics.in"
12
a<iri # 11 : sin
1
(x
2
2x + 1) + cos
1
(x
2
x) =
2
t
tn +il(
rn : sin
1
(f(x)) + cos
1
(g(x)) =
2
t
f(x) = g(x) ~i 1 s f(x), g(x) s 1
x
2
2x + 1 = x
2
x x = 1, +i (+ tn l+ -t lni i =+-i t
4iu +i4 :
(6) cos
)
`

|
.
|

\
| t

6
sin sin
1
+i ni- ai- +i (7) sin
)
`

|
.
|

\
| t

4
3
cos cos
1
+i ni- ai- +i
(8) cos
1
(cos 13) +i ni- ai- +i
(9) sin
1
(sin u), cos
1
(cosu), tan
1
(tanu ), cot
1
(cotu) +i ~--in u e |
.
|

\
|
t
t
3 ,
2
5
n ni- ai- +i
(10) cos
1
( cos 4) +i ni- ai- +i (11) tan
1
)
`

|
.
|

\
| t

8
7
tan +i ni- ai- +i
(12) tan
1
)
`

|
.
|

\
|

4
1
cot
+i ni- ai- +i (13) sec
|
|
.
|

\
|
|
.
|

\
|

3
2
cos
1
+i ni- ai- +i
(14) cosec
|
|
.
|

\
|
|
|
.
|

\
|

3
1
sin
1
+i ni- ai- +i
(15) x =
5
1
sin (2cos
1
x + sin
1
x) +i ni- ai- +i
(16) l--- =ni+ii +i tn +il( (i) 5 tan
1
x + 3 cot
1
x = 2t (ii) 4 sin
1
x = t cos
1
x
(17) tan
|
|
.
|

\
|

4
41
ec cos
1
+i ni- ai- +il( (18) sec |
.
|

\
|

63
16
cot
1
+i ni- ai- +il(
(19) sin
)
`

|
.
|

\
|

4
3
cot
2
1
1
+i ni- ai- +il( (20) tan
)
`

t
|
.
|

\
|

4 5
1
tan 2
1
+i ni- ai- +il(
(21) tn +il( sin
1
(x
2
2x + 3) + cos
1
(x
2
x) =
2
t
Answers : (6)
2
3
(7) liili- -ti t
(8) 13 4t (9) 3t u , u 2t, u 3t, u 2t
(10) 4 t (11)
8
t
(12)
|
.
|

\
| t

2 4
1
(13)
2
3
(14) 3 (15)
5
1
(16). (i) x = 1 (ii) x =
2
1
MATHS
"manishkumarphysics.in"
13
(17)
5
4
(18)
16
65
(19)
5
5 2
(20)
17
7
(21) +i: tn -ti
niri 6 : 4i n -a +t u uf+iy (Identities on addition and substraction) :
(i) sin
1
x + sin
1
y =

> + > >

|
.
|

\
|
+ t
s + > >
|
.
|

\
|
+

1 y x 0 y , 0 x , x 1 y y 1 x sin
1 ) y x ( 0 y , 0 x , x 1 y y 1 x sin
2 2 2 2 1
2 2 2 2 1
oa ,
oa ,
tn: ni-i A = sin
1
x ~i B = sin
1
y ti x, y e [0, 1].
sin (A + B) = x
2
y 1 + y
2
x 1
sin
1
sin (A + B) = sin
1
|
.
|

\
|
+
2 2
x 1 y y 1 x
sin
1
|
.
|

\
|
+
2 2
x 1 y y 1 x
=

t s + s t + t
t s + s +
B A 2 / ) B A (
2 / B A 0 B A
tc
tc
=

> + + t
s + +


1 y x ), y sin x (sin
1 y x , y sin x sin
2 2 1 1
2 2 1 1
(ii) sin
1
x sin
1
y = sin
1
|
.
|

\
|

2 2
x 1 y y 1 x ; x, y e [0, 1]
(iii) cos
1
x + cos
1
y = cos
1
|
.
|

\
|

2 2
y 1 x 1 xy ; x, y e [0, 1]
(iv) cos
1
x cos
1
y =

s < s
|
.
|

\
|
+
s < s
|
.
|

\
|
+

1 x y 0 ; y 1 x 1 xy cos
1 y x 0 ; y 1 x 1 xy cos
2 2 1
2 2 1
(v) tan
1
x + tan
1
y =

> >
|
|
.
|

\
|

+
+ t
< >
|
|
.
|

\
|

+
= < t
= > t

1 xy & 0 y , x
xy 1
y x
tan
1 xy & 0 y , x
xy 1
y x
tan
1 xy & 0 y , x 2 /
1 xy & 0 y , x 2 /
1
1
fn ;
fn ;
fn ;
fn ;
(vi) tan
1
x tan
1
y = tan
1
|
|
.
|

\
|
+

xy 1
y x
, x > 0, y > 0
MATHS
"manishkumarphysics.in"
14
Notes :(i) x
2
+ y
2
s 1 & x, y > 0 0 s sin
1
x + sin
1
y s
t
2
~i x
2
+ y
2
> 1 & x, y > 0
t
2
s sin
1
x + sin
1
y s t
(ii) xy < 1 ~i x, y > 0 0 s tan
1
x + tan
1
y <
2
t
; xy > 1 ~i x, y > 0
2
t
< tan
1
x + tan
1
y < t
(iii) x < 0 i y < 0 + ln :- = =ln+i~i +i n iin x +i =ti-i = +- + =+- t
~ii - x +i x ( y +i y n <n- t i l+ i-in+ t
a<iri # 12 : <zii : l+ sin
1
5
3
+ sin
1
17
15
= t sin
1
85
84
rn :
5
3
> 0,
17
15
> 0 ~i
2
5
3
|
.
|

\
|
+
2
17
15
|
.
|

\
|
=
7225
8226
> 1
sin
1
5
3
+ sin
1
17
15
= t sin
1
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
25
9
1
17
15
289
225
1
5
3
= t sin
1
|
.
|

\
|
+
5
4
.
17
15
17
8
.
5
3
= t sin
1
|
.
|

\
|
85
84
a<iri # 13 : cos
1
13
12
+ sin
1
5
4
tan
1
16
63
+i ni- ai- +il(
rn : Let z = cos
1
13
12
+ sin
1
5
4
tan
1
16
63
sin
1
5
4
=
2
t
cos
1
5
4
z = cos
1
13
12
+ |
.
|

\
|

t

5
4
cos
2
1
tan
1
16
63
.
z =
2
t
|
.
|

\
|


13
12
cos
5
4
cos
1 1
tan
1
16
63
.........(i)

5
4
> 0,
13
12
> 0 and
5
4
<
13
12
cos
1
5
4
cos
1
13
12
= cos
1
(
(

+
169
144
1
25
16
1
13
12
5
4
= cos
1
|
.
|

\
|
65
63
=ni+i (i) +i l--- n lni =+- t
MATHS
"manishkumarphysics.in"
15
z =
2
t
cos
1
|
.
|

\
|
65
63
tan
1
|
.
|

\
|
16
63
z = sin
1
|
.
|

\
|
65
63
tan
1
|
.
|

\
|
16
63
.........(ii)
sin
1
|
.
|

\
|
65
63
= tan
1
|
.
|

\
|
16
63
=ni+i (ii), = tn +t =+- t
z = tan
1
|
.
|

\
|
16
63
tan
1
|
.
|

\
|
16
63
z = 0
a<iri # 14 : tan
1
9 + tan
1
4
5
+i ni- ai- +il(
rn : 9 > 0,
4
5
> 0 and |
.
|

\
|

4
5
9 > 1
tan
1
9 + tan
1
4
5
= t + tan
1
|
|
|
|
.
|

\
|

+
4
5
. 9 1
4
5
9
= t + tan
1
( 1) = t
4
t
=
4
3
.
a<iri # 15 : y = cos
1
(4x
3
3x) +i cos
1
x + <i n lnli( -ii :=+i ni+ ii iil-(
rn : iin I : ni-i y = cos
1
(4x
3
3x)
i-- : [1, 1] ~i l= : [0, t]
ni-i cos
1
x = u u e [0, t] -ii x = cos u
y = cos
1
(4 cos
3
u 3 cos u )
y = cos
1
(cos 3u) ...........(i)
Fig.: cos
1
(cos x) +i ni+
u e [0, t]
3u e [0, 3t]
y = cos
1
(cos 3u), +i liili- +- + ln tn ~--in cos
1
(cos x) [0, 3t] n
+ ni+ l-i +- t -i+- n i+ = - t l+
(i) l< 0 s 3 u s t cos
1
(cos 3u) = 3u
=ni+i (i), =
MATHS
"manishkumarphysics.in"
16
y = 3u l< u s 3u s t
y = 3u l< 0 s u s
3
t
y = 3 cos
1
x l<
2
1
s x s 1
(ii) l< t < 3 u s 2 t cos
1
(cos 3u) = 2t 3u
=ni+i (i) =
y = 2t 3u l< t < 3 u s 2 t
y = 2t 3u l<
3
t
< u s
3
2t
y = 2t 3cos
1
x l<
2
1
s x <
2
1
(iii) 2t < 3 u s 3t cos
1
(cos 3u) = 2t + 3u
=ni+i (i), =
y = 2t + 3u l< 2t < 3 u s 3t
y = 2t + 3u l<
3
2t
< u s t
y = 2t + 3 cos
1
x l< 1 s x <
2
1
=ni+i (i), (ii) ~i (iii) = tn +t =+- t l+
y = cos
1
(4x
3
3x) =

< s + t
< s t
s s

2
1
x 1 ; x cos 3 2
2
1
x
2
1
; x cos 3 2
1 x
2
1
; x cos 3
1
1
1
iin II : y = cos
1
(4x
3
3x) + ln(
i-- : [1, 1]
l= : [0, t]
(i) l<
2
1
s x s 1 , y = 3 cos
1
x.

dx
dy
=
2
x 1
3

= 3(1 x
2
)
1/2
...........(i)

dx
dy
< 0 l< x e
|
.
|

1 ,
2
1
l< x e |
.
|

1 ,
2
1
ti. -i t ri=ni- tini
- =ni+i (i) +i x + =i-i ~+n- +-
2
2
dx
y d
=
2 / 3 2
) x 1 (
x 3

MATHS
"manishkumarphysics.in"
17

2
2
dx
y d
< 0 l< x e |
.
|

1 ,
2
1
-i- +i ~i ~-n tini l< x e |
.
|

1 ,
2
1
ti
(ii) l<
2
1
s x <
2
1
, y = 2t 3cos
1
x.

dx
dy
=
2
x 1
3

dx
dy
> 0 l< x e
|
.
|

2
1
,
2
1
zni- tini l< x e |
.
|

2
1
,
2
1
~i
2
2
dx
y d
=
2 / 3 2
) x 1 (
x 3

(a) l< x e |
.
|

0 ,
2
1
ti. -i
2
2
dx
y d
< 0
-i- +i ~i ~-n tini l< x e |
.
|

0 ,
2
1
ti
(b) l< x e
|
.
|

\
|
2
1
, 0 ti. -i
2
2
dx
y d
> 0
- +i ~i ~-n tini l< x e
|
.
|

\
|
2
1
, 0
ti
(iii) :=i +i l< 1 s x <
2
1
ti -i
dx
dy
< 0 ~i
2
2
dx
y d
> 0.
y = cos
1
(4x
3
3x) +i n i+ tini
4iu +i4 :
(22) sin
1
5
4
+ sin
1
13
5
+ sin
1
65
16
+i ni- ai- +il(
(23) l< tan
1
4 + tan
1
5 = cot
1
, -i +i ni- ai- +il(
(24) l=z +il( l+ 2 cos
1
13
3
+ cot
1
63
16
+
2
1
cos
1
25
7
= t
(25) =ni+i tan
1
(2x) + tan
1
(3x) =
4
t
+i tn ai- +il(
(26) =ni+i sin
1
x + sin
1
2x =
3
2t
+i ni- ai- +il(
(27) y = sin
1
(3x 4x
3
) +i sin
1
x + <i n lnli( ~i :=+i ni+ ii iil-(
(28) y = tan
1
|
|
.
|

\
|

2
3
x 3 1
x x 3
+i tan
1
x + <i n lnli( ~i :=+i ni+ ii iil-(
Answers. (22)
2
t
(23) =
9
19
(25) x =
6
1
(26) x =
2
1
MATHS
"manishkumarphysics.in"
18
(27) y = sin
1
(3x 4x
3
) =

< s t
s < t
s s

2
1
x 1 ; x sin 3
1 x
2
1
; x sin 3
2
1
x
2
1
; x sin 3
1
1
1
y = sin
1
(3x 4x
3
) +i ni+
(28) y = tan
1
|
|
.
|

\
|

2
3
x 3 1
x x 3
=

< < + t
< < + t
< <

x
3
1
; x tan 3
3
1
x ; x tan 3
3
1
x
3
1
; x tan 3
1
1
1
l-zi : y = tan
1
|
|
.
|

\
|

2
3
x 3 1
x x 3
+i n i+
niri 7 : ffri uuf+iy ( Miscellaneous identities)
(i) sin
1
|
.
|

\
|

2
x 1 x 2 =
( )

< s + t
s < t
s

2
1
2
1
2
1
x 1 x sin 2
1 x x sin 2
| x | x sin 2
1
1
1
fn ;
fn ;
fn ;
MATHS
"manishkumarphysics.in"
19
y = sin
1
|
.
|

\
|

2
x 1 x 2 +i n i+
(ii) cos
1
(2 x
2
1) =

< s t
s s

0 x 1 x cos 2 2
1 x 0 x cos 2
1
1
fn ;
fn ;
y = cos
1
(2 x
2
1) +i n i+
(iii) tan
1
2
x 1
x 2

=
( )

> t
< + t
<

1 x x tan 2
1 x x tan 2
1 | x | x tan 2
1
1
1
fn ;
fn ;
fn ;
y = tan
1
2
x 1
x 2

+i ni+
(iv) sin
1
2
1
2
x
x +
=
( )

< + t
> t
s

1 x x tan 2
1 x x tan 2
1 | x | x tan 2
1
1
1
fn ;
fn ;
fn ;
y = sin
1
2
1
2
x
x +
+i n i+
(v) cos
1
2
2
x 1
x 1
+

<
>

0 x x tan 2
0 x x tan 2
1
1
fn ;
fn ;
MATHS
"manishkumarphysics.in"
20
y = cos
1
2
2
x 1
x 1
+

+i n i+
(vi) l< tan
1
x + tan
1
y + tan
1
z = t, -i x + y + z = xyz
(vii) l< tan
1
x + tan
1
y + tan
1
z =
t
2
, -i xy + yz + zx = 1
(viii) tan
1
1 + tan
1
2 + tan
1
3 = t
(ix) tan
1
1 + tan
1
2
1
+ tan
1
3
1
=
t
2