Evaporation= its when water is changed from being a LIQUID to a GAS.

An example of this is rainwater evaporating from warm pavement after a thunderstorm.

Distillation- the action of purifying a liquid by a process of heating and cooling.
"the petroleum distillation process"

fractional distillation is used to separate petroleum into its fractions.

Distillation is used to get fresh water from salt water.

Distillation is used to make any of the liquors that are stronger than wine.

Distilled water for chemical reactions that may be affected by impurities in the tap water.
Decantation
1. Decantation is a process for the separation of mixtures, by removing a layer of liquid,
generally one from which a precipitate has settled. The purpose may be either to produce a
clean decant, or to remove undesired liquid from the precipitate (or other layers).

the action of floating in a liquid or gas.
"the body form is modified to assist in flotation and propulsion"
the process of offering a company's shares for sale on the stock market for the first time.
plural noun: flotations; plural noun: floatations
the process of separating small particles of various materials by treatment with chemicals in
water in order to make some particles adhere to air bubbles and rise to the surface for
removal while others remain in the water.

2. the action or process of filtering something.
"small particles are difficult to remove without filtration"