FACIAL COMPARTMENTS OF THE LEG

Two intermuscular sepata with interosseous memebrabe divides

three compartment: ant, lat, post.

MUCLES OF THE ANTER COMPARTMENT OF THE LEGS

1. Tibialis anterior
2. Extenxor digitorum longus
3. Peroneus tertius
4. Extensor hallucis longus
5. Extensor digitorum brevis
TIBIALIS ANTERIOR
origin:lateral surface of the shat of tibia and interosseouw mem.
Insertion:medial cuneform &base of the 1st metatarsal bone
EXTENSOR DIGITORUM LONGUS
Origin:ant.surface of shaft of fibula
Insertion:extensor expansion of lateral four toes
PERONUS TERTIUS
Origin:ant.surface of shaft of fibula
Insertion: base of the 5th metatarsal bone
EXTENSOR HALLUCIS LONGUS
Origin:ant.surface of shaft of fibula
Insertion:base of distal phalanx of great toe
EXTENSOR DIGITORUM BREVIS
Origin:calcaneum
Insertion:four tendons 1st base of proxial phalanx of big toe
reamining three for2nd,3rd,4th insert middle and
terminal phalanges of these toes through extensor expansion
 MUSCLES OF THE LATERAL RFACIAL COMPARTMENT OF THE LEG

1.PERONEUS LONGUS
2.PERONEUS BREVIS
PERONEUS LONGUS
Origin:lat.surface of saft of fibula
Insertion: base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform
PERONEUS BREVIS
Origin:lateral surface of shaft of fibula
Insertion:base of 5th metatarsal bone
MUSCLES OF THE POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF THE LEG
----SUPERFICIAL GROUP
1.GASTROCNEMIUS
2.PLANTARIS
3.SOLEUS
--------DEEP GROUP
1.POPLITIUS
2.FLEXOR DIGITORUM LONGUS
3.FLEXOR HALLUSIS LONGUS
4.TIBIALIS POTERIOR
GASTROCNEMIUS
Origin: lat.head from lateral condyle of femur and med.head from medial condyl
Insertion: via tendo calcaneus into post.surface of calcaneus
PLANTARIS
Origin: lat.supracondylar rige of femur
Insertion:post.surface of calcaneus
SOLEUS
Origin:shaft of tibia and fibula
Insertion:via tendo calcaneus into posterior surface of calcaneus
POPLITEUS
Origin:lat.surface of lateral condyl of femur
Insertion:post.surface of shaft of tibia above soleal line
FLEXOR DIGITORUM LONGUS
Origin:post.surface of shaft of tibia
Insertion:base of distal phalages of lateral four toes
FLEXOR HALLUCIS LONGUS
Origin: post.sur.of shaft of fibula
Insertion:base of disatl phalanx of big toe
TIBIALIS POSTERIOR
Origin:post.surface of shaft of tibia and fibula and interosseous memebrane
Insertion: tuberosity of navicular bone
 RETINACULAM OF THE ANKLE

1.SUPERIOR EXTENSOR RETINACULUM

2.INFERIOR EXTENSOR RETINACULUM
3.FLEXOR RETINACULUM
4.SUPERIOR PERONEAL RETINACULUM
5.INFERIOR PERONEAL RETINACULUM
SUPERIOR EXTENSOR RETINACULAM
Attached to distal ends of the ant.borders of the fibula and tibia
Medial end, it splits to enclose the tendon of the tibialis ant.muscle
INFERIOR EXTENSOR RETINACULAM
Is Y-shaped, attached by its stem to the upper surface of the ant.part of
calcaneus,
The upper limb of the Y is attached to the medial malleus and lower limb
continuous with the planter fascia on the medial border of the foot.
Tendons of the tibialis anterior,extensor hallucis longus,extensor digi.longus
and peroneus tertius split the upper limb of retinaculam into superficial and
deep layer…fibrous band separate the tendons into compartments.
FLEXOR RETINACULAM
From medial malleolus downward and backward to attached to the medial
surface of the calcaneus
SUPERIOR PERONEAL RETINACULUM
FROM LATERAL MALLEOLUS DOWNWARD AND BACKWARD TO BE
ATTACHED TO LATERAL SURFACE OF THE CALCANEUM
INFERIOR PERONEAL RETINACULUM
Attached to peroneal tubercle and to calcaneum
FRONT OF LEG
Cutaneous nerve:
--lateral cutaneus nerve of the calf branch of the peroneal nerve,supply the
skin on upper part of the lateral surface of the leg
--superficial peroneal nerve,branch of the common peroneal nerve,supply
lower part of the anterolateral surface of the leg
--saphenous nerve:branch of femoral nerve,supply ant.med surface of the
leg

NERVE AND VESSELS FOR ANT.COMPARTMENT

----blodd supply:anterior tibial artery
---nerve supply:deep peroneal nerve
NERVES AND VESSELS FOR LATERAL COMPARTMENT
--blodd supply: branch of the peroneal artery
---nerve supply:superficial peroneal nerve
BACK OF THE LEG
CUTANEUS NERVES:
--posterior cutaneus nerve:supply skin over poplital fossa and uppper
part of back of leg
--lateral cut. Nerve of the calf:supply upper posterolateral surface of the
leg
--sural nerve:supply skin on lower posterolateral of leg
--saphenous nerve: supply posteromedial surface of leg
SUPERFICIAL VEIN:
--small saphenous vein

Nerve nad vessels for POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT

--BLODD SUPPLY:posterior tibial artery
--nerve supply: tibial nerve
Pulses
Must ensure proper circulation to foot
Can be assessed at posterior tibial
and dorsalis pedis arteries
Dorsalis pedis pulse felt between
extensor digitorum and hallucis longus
tendons
Posterior tibial located behind medial
malleolus along Achilles tendon
 POPLITEAL FOSSA

Diamond-shaped intermuscular space situated at th back of the knee.

It contains the poplitel vessels.the small saphenous vein,the ommon peroneal
and tibial nerve,the posteripr cutaneus nerve of the thigh,the genucular brach
of the obturator nerve,connective tissue and lymph nodes.
BOUNDRES:
Laterally:biceps femories above and lateral head of the gastrocnemius and
palntaris below.
Medially:semimembranous and semitendinous above and medial head of the
gastrocnemius below
Floor: popliteal surface of the femur,posteriro ligamnet of the knee joint and
poplities muscle
Roof: skin,supericial fasia and deep fascia of the thigh.