UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DEPARTAMENTO ACEDEMICO PROFESIONAL

JORGE BASADRE GROHMANN DE INGENIERIA MECANICA

FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA 2012 II
INGENIERA MECANICA
PLAN 2012
GUA DE LABORATORIO
ASIGNATURA
TURBOMAQUINAS Y MAQ DE EXPULSION
ENSAYO DE TURBINA PELTON
HORARIO: LUNES
UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DEPARTAMENTO ACEDEMICO PROFESIONAL
JORGE BASADRE GROHMANN DE INGENIERIA MECANICA
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA 2012 II
ENSAYO DE UNA TURBINA PELTON
1. OBJETIVO GENERAL
Mostrar e !"#$%o#a&%e#to 'e "#a t"r(%#a )%'r*"%$a + &e'%a#te &e'%$%o#es
e,-er%&e#taes 'eter&%#ar os -ar*&etros ."e 'e!%#e# s" re#'%&%e#to/ O(te#er
'atos e# terre#o -ara $o#str"%r s"s $"r0as $ara$ter1st%$as/ I#'%0%'"a%2ar as
$ara$ter1st%$as t3$#%$as ."e %'e#t%!%$a# a "#a t"r(%#a )%'r*"%$a/
2. OBJETIVOS ESPECIFICOS
a4 I'e#t%!%$ar e t%-o 'e t"r(%#a + s"s -artes $o#st%t"t%0as/
(4 S%&"ar "# sato )%'r*"%$o so(re a t"r(%#a/
$4 Para "# &%s&o sato e!e$t"ar &e'%$%o#es 'e re0o"$%o#es5 tor."e + $ar6a/
'4 Co#str"%r as $"r0as $ara$ter1st%$as
e4 Deter&%#ar e #7&ero es-e$1!%$o 'e re0o"$%o#es
3. INTRODUCCION TEORICA
La t"r(%#a )%'r*"%$a es "#a t"r(o8&*."%#a ."e e,trae e#er61a 'e !"%'o -ara
$o#0ert%ra e# tra(a9o &e$*#%$o5 e $"a -oster%or&e#te ser* tra#s!or&a'o e# e#er61a
e3$tr%$a &e'%a#te "# ater#a'or/
E -r%#$%-%o te:r%$o 'e s" !"#$%o#a&%e#to est* (asa'o !"#'a&e#ta&e#te e# "#
$a&(%o 'e a $a#t%'a' 'e &o0%&%e#to ."e se -ro0o$a e#tre a e#tra'a + sa%'a 'e a
t"r(%#a/
D%$)o $a&(%o 'e $a#t%'a' 'e &o0%&%e#to 6e#era !"er2as so(re e $o#tor#o s:%'o 'e
ro'ete o$as%o#a#'o "# tor."e e# e e9e 'e a t"r(%#a/
Los ee&e#tos $o#st%t"t%0os 'e "#a t"r(%#a so# a#*o6os a os 'e "#a (o&(a -ero
$oo$a'os e# or'e# %#0erso5 as1 -or e9e&-o e,%ste e $a#a 'e e6a'a o t"(er1a
!or2a'a + $orres-o#'e a a t"(er1a 'e %&-"s%:# e# "#a (o&(a/ Ca9a es-%ra5
tra#s!or&a -res%:# e# 0eo$%'a' e# "#a (o&(a es 0eo$%'a' e# -res%:#/ Ro'ete5 e
&o0%&%e#to 'e a6"a es a %#0erso ."e e# "#a (o&(a/
E# 6e#era as t"r(%#as se -"e'e# $as%!%$ar se67# e 6ra'o 'e rea$$%:#5 'e esta !or&a
e,%ste#;
T"r(%#as 'e rea$$%:#5 'o#'e a -res%:# a a e#tra'a 'e ro'ete s"-er%or a a
at&os!3r%$a5 e %#!er%or a a sa%'a/ E ro'ete est* %#"#'a'o/
T"r(%#as 'e a$$%:#5 so# 'e a'&%s%:# -ar$%a 'o#'e e ro'ete tra(a a -res%:#
$o#sta#te/
UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DEPARTAMENTO ACEDEMICO PROFESIONAL
JORGE BASADRE GROHMANN DE INGENIERIA MECANICA
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA 2012 II
T"r(%#a 'e a$$%:#5 $orres-o#'e# as t"r(%#as Peto#/
T"r(%#as 'e rea$$%:#5 $orres-o#'e# as Fra#$%s5 D3rr%a2 + <a-a#/
Lo a#ter%or o(e'e$e a "#a $as%!%$a$%:# se67# 0a $a&(%a#'o %#se#s%(e&e#te a !or&a
'e ro'ete -ara a'a-tarse a as '%!ere#tes $o#'%$%o#es 'e ser0%$%o/ S%# e&(ar6o5 a
$as%!%$a$%:# &*s -re$%sa 'e as t"r(%#as )%'r*"%$as es se67# s" #7&ero es-e$1!%$o 'e
re0o"$%o#es =#s4/
N s > # N"
1?2
H#
@?A
=14
'o#'e
#s > N7&ero es-e$1!%$o
N" > Pote#$%a 7t% =&e'%'a e# e e9e4
H# > At"ra o sato #eto
Peto# 1 $)orro
Peto# 2 $)orro
Peto# @ $)orro
#s > 2 8 BA
#s > B1 8 AC
#s > )asta D0
Fra#$%s e#ta
Fra#$%s #or&a
Fra#$%s r*-%'a
H3%$e 'e *a(es !%9o
<a-a#
#s > D0 8 1@0
#s > 1@0 8 2@0
#s > 2@0 8 A@0
#s > A@0 8 @@0
#s > A00 8 1100
At"ra #eta H#/ Para e $aso 'e "#a t"r(%#a5 a at"ra #eta so(re a t"r(%#a estar* 'a'o
-or;
2!
'o#'e;
H# > At"ra #eta
H( > At"ra (r"ta
Ht! > P3r'%'as e# a t"(er1a !or2a'a o $a#a 'e e6a'a
Hst > P3r'%'as 'es-"3s 'e a sa%'a 'e a t"r(%#a
H
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DEPARTAMENTO ACEDEMICO PROFESIONAL
JORGE BASADRE GROHMANN DE INGENIERIA MECANICA
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA 2012 II
P"#$%&'() R$%*'+'$%#" : Co#s%'era#'o a %#0ers%:# 'e os !e#:&e#os ."e e# a
t"r(%#a o$"rre#5 $o&-ara'o $o# "#a (o&(a $e#tr1!"6a5
es ."e se te#'r*;
3!
'o#'e;
Na > Pote#$%a )%'r*"%$a a(sor(%'a
> Peso es-e$1!%$o
E > Gasto =$a"'a4
H# > At"ra #eta
,!
'o#'e;
N% > Pote#$%a %#ter#a
N" > Pote#$%a 7t% ."e 'a a t"r(%#a
P& > Pote#$%a -er'%'a e# ro2a&%e#tos &e$*#%$os
-!
'o#'e;
N" > Pote#$%a 7t%5 -ote#$%a a !re#o5 -ote#$%a e# e e9e
M > Tor."e5 &e'%'o $o# e '%#a&:&etro
F > Veo$%'a' a#6"ar
.!
/!
'o#'e ; t > Re#'%&%e#to 'e a t"r(%#a
[ ] . P . H
75
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DEPARTAMENTO ACEDEMICO PROFESIONAL
JORGE BASADRE GROHMANN DE INGENIERIA MECANICA
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA 2012 II
C012(3 C(1(&#$143#'&(3:
A %6"a ."e e# as (o&(as )%'r*"%$as as $"r0as $ara$ter1st%$as se o(t%e#e#
e#sa+a#'o a t"r(%#a e# "# a(orator%o/ E,%ste e e#sa+o ee&e#ta + e e#sa+o
$o&-eto/
E e#sa+o 'e "#a t"r(%#a se )a$e &a#te#%e#'o $o#sta#te a at"ra #eta =H#4/ De
esta !or&a e e#sa+o ee&e#ta se o6ra &a#te#%e#'o $o#sta#te a a-ert"ra 'e
'%str%("%'or =%#+e$tor4/ La 0ar%a(e %#'e-e#'%e#te es 5%6 =RPM4/
Ba9o estas $o#'%$%o#es se o(t%e#e#;
E > ! =#4
N" > ! =#4
t > ! =t4
E e#sa+o $o&-eto se o(t%e#e e,-er%&e#ta#'o a t"r(%#a $o# a-ert"ras '%st%#tas
'e '%str%("%'or5 o6ra#'o -ara $a'a "#a 'e eas as $"r0as ee&e#taes %#'%$a'as/
,. RENDIMIENTO
Para o6rar "# e#sa+o ee&e#ta se -ro$e'e 'e a !or&a s%6"%e#te;
(! Re$o#o$%&%e#to 'e e."%-o
7! Mo'eos a "t%%2ar
&! I'e#t%!%$a$%:# 'e as 0ar%a(es e,-er%&e#taes
*! Co#!e$$%:# 'e "#a ta(a e,-er%&e#ta
$! F%9ar "#a at"ra #eta
8! E!e$t"ar as &e'%$%o#es e,-er%&e#taes
9! E!e$t"ar "# a#*%s%s 'e os 0aores to&a'os/
-. BIBLIOGRAFIA
- Ca"'%o Mata%,5 GMe$*#%$a 'e F"%'os +5 M*."%#as H%'r*"%$as5 E'%t/ Hara/
- V/ Streeter5 Me$*#%$a 'e F"%'os5 E'%t/ M$ GraF8H%/