1 2013 EUROCONTROL

Global Navigation Satellite System Global Navigation Satellite System Global Navigation Satellite System
GLONASS GLONASS
2 2013 EUROCONTROL
Agenda Agenda
Space and Ground Segment
Signal Structure
Agenda
3 2013 EUROCONTROL
24 Satellites
3 Orbital planes:
64.8 Inclination
19100 km Altitude
11 h 16 m Orbit Period
Planes separated from each other by 120
Satellites in each plane separated from each other by 45
Frequency Division Multiple Access
GLONASS Space Segment GLONASS Space Segment
4 2013 EUROCONTROL
GLONASS Launch History GLONASS Launch History
05 98 99 00 01 02 04 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 03 82
Launch Dates
2300
2400
2500
2600
K
o
s
m
o
s
N
o
.
GLONASS Standard
GLONASS M
GLONASS K
Obsolete Operational Launch Failure Planned Launch
STATUS
Not Yet Operational
Maintenance
Spare
Operational
5 2013 EUROCONTROL
GLONASS GLONASS - - Satellite Developments Satellite Developments
GLONASS-M - 2003-2005
Increase satellite lifetime to 7 years
Broadcast C/A code at L2 frequency
Improve stability of on-board clocks
Improve ephemeris accuracy
Authorised civilian access to high prec code
GLONASS-K
Increase satellite lifetime to 10 years
L3
CDMA capability
6 2013 EUROCONTROL
GLONASS Today GLONASS Today
7 2013 EUROCONTROL
GLONASS Satellite Position GLONASS Satellite Position
11/11
5
10/07
3
GLONASS DEPLOYMENT
15 / 01 / 2013
180
90
0
-90
-180
3
4
5
6
14
13
12
11
22
21
20
19
7
8
1
2
10
9
16
15
18
17
24
23
A
r
g
u
m
e
n
t
o
f
L
a
t
i
t
u
d
e
(
d
e
g
.
)
Right Ascension (deg)
Plane 1 Plane 2 Plane 3
Frequency
Channel
Slot
Number
Launch Date
(month/year)
1
12/09
03/10
03/10
3
2
-7
12/06
0
12/06
-7
12/06
-2
09/10
0
12/07
-2
12/07
4
11/11
2
10/07
-3
09/08
4
09/08
-3
03/10
12/08
-4
12/04
-6
11/11
5
1
12/09
Commissioning Phase/Flight Tests
Maintenance
Healthy
Spares
Decommissioning Phase
12/09
-4
09/10
-1
09/10
-1
12/07
10/11
6
12/08
11/11
02/11
12/05
-5
8 2013 EUROCONTROL
St. Petersburg
Ternopol
J enisejsk
J evpatoria
Balchas
Kitala
Moscow
System Control Centre Telemetry, Tracking and Control
Laser Ranging Monitoring
GLONASS Ground Segment GLONASS Ground Segment
Novolazarevskaya
9 2013 EUROCONTROL
GLONASS Availability GLONASS Availability - - Dec 2008 Dec 2008
10 2013 EUROCONTROL
Current GLONASS Performance Current GLONASS Performance - - Jan 2013 Jan 2013
11 2013 EUROCONTROL
GLONASS Availability GLONASS Availability - - Jan 2013 Jan 2013
12 2013 EUROCONTROL
GLONASS Segments GLONASS Segments
Space Segment
3 Orbital Planes
8 Satellites Per Plane (Nominal)
24 Orbit Slots
64.8 Inclination
Orbit altitude 19.100 km
One Orbit every 11 Hours 16 Mins
Control Segment
2 Monitor Sites
5 Laser Monitoring Sites
1 System Control Centre
User Segment
Military & Civil Receivers
High Precision Signal (HP)
Standard Precision Signal (SP)
13 2013 EUROCONTROL
Agenda Agenda
Space and Ground Segment
Signal Structure
Agenda
14 2013 EUROCONTROL
GLONASS Frequencies GLONASS Frequencies
One PRN sequence for all satellites.
Carrier frequencies differ from satellite to satellite.
Frequency channel reduction:
Originally 24
Now 12 to avoid interference.
Satellites launched after 2005 equipped for
transmission on channels -7 ... +6.
Frequency range:
L1
K
=1602. +0.5625 K (MHz)
L2
K
=1246. +0.4375 K (MHz)
15 2013 EUROCONTROL
163_1049
GLONASS Signal Structure GLONASS Signal Structure
Carrier signal is BPSK modulated with the code sequence
Superframe (2.5 min, each)
5 Frames (30 s, each)
15 Lines (2 s, each)
Almanac data General Ephemerides
Navigational Information (77 bits)
PRN ranging code, digital information,
meander signal (mod 2-added)
Hamming Code (8 bits)
for error detection
Digital Information (1.7 s, 85 bits) Time Code (0.3 s)
16 2013 EUROCONTROL
197_1036
Satellite Position Accuracy Satellite Position Accuracy
17 2013 EUROCONTROL
GLONASS Performance Characteristics GLONASS Performance Characteristics
Two types of navigation signal.
Standard precision navigation signal (SP).
High precision navigation signal (HP).
No A/S so far.
SP positioning and timing services are
available to all GLONASS civil users on a
continuous, world-wide basis.
18 2013 EUROCONTROL
Topic GPS Block II GLONASS
Constellation 21 (+3) 24
Orbital Planes 6 Planes 3 Planes
Altitude (Km) 20200 19100
Inclination () 55.0 64.8
Frequency Channels 1 24
Number of Codes 1 (per satellite) 1
Accuracy (m) 15-25 (SA Off) 25
Integrity (hrs) 1.5 .. 2.5 16 .. 18
GPS and GLONASS: A Comparison GPS and GLONASS: A Comparison
19 2013 EUROCONTROL
GPS and GLONASS employ different geocentric
Cartesian co-ordinate frames to express the positions of
their satellites.
The two co-ordinate frames are brought substantially into
coincidence by a small rotation (0.3"-0.4") of the z-axis.
GPS
GPS
GLONASS
GLONASS PZ-90.02
PZ-90.02
WGS-84
WGS-84
Difference between points on earth in WGS 84 and PZ-90.02 less than 15m
Earth Model Comparison (GPS/GLONASS) Earth Model Comparison (GPS/GLONASS)
20 2013 EUROCONTROL
Debrief GALILEO
Data Integrity
Airborne Based Augmentation Systems
History of Satellite Navigation
Current Systems
Status
GLONASS
DAY/TIME 09:00 12:30 13:30 16:45
Monday Introduction Terrestrial Navigation
Tuesday Satellite Navigation: Theory and Application
Wednesday
PBN and Approach
Classifications
From GPS to GNSS
Thursday
Friday
GNSS
Modernisation
GNSS within Europe
Ground Based Augmentation Systems
Space Based Augmentation Systems
Implementations of
SBAS
Satellite Navigation:
Ranging
Course Manager: Charlie Eliot Location: Casablanca
Sheraton Hotel
28 January to 1 February 2013