Presentation

on Ultra
Mega &
Super Critical
Projects
Organized By
FICCI & MOP
May 2006
Year
GROWTH OF INSTALLED GENERATING CAPACITY (MW)
Hydro
Nuclear
Thermal *
Hydro 508 940 1917 4124 6905 11384 14460 18308 20506 26910 29676 32326
Nuclear 0 0 0 0 640 640 1095 1565 1720 2720 2720 3360
Thermal * 854 1755 2736 4903 9059 16424 27030 43417 57244 78343 80860 88601
Dec-47 Dec-55 Mar-61 Mar-66 Mar-74 Mar-80 Mar-85 Mar-90 Mar-95 Mar-03 Sep-04 Mar-06
1362
2695 4653
9027
16604
28448
42585
63290
79470
124287
* - Includes Wind Capacity
107973
113256
Thermal
Hydro
Nuclear
Renewables
Installed Capacity
Thermal
82410.54 MW (66%)
Hydro
32325.77 MW (26%)
Nuclear
3360 MW
Renewables
6190 MW
(Coal 68518)
64.56
67.47
68.74
69.97
72.34
72.96
74.82
73.6
55
60
65
70
75
80
1998-
99
1999-
00
2000-
01
2001-
02
2002-
03
2003-
04
2004-
05
2005-
06
P
L
F

%

-
-
-
>
Plant Load Factor Of Thermal Stations

500 MW Group >84 %
250 MW Group >90 %
Central Sector >82%

PLF - Some Highlights

Growth In Unit Size/Parameters
Unit
Size
(MW)
Yr of
Introduction
MS Pr
kg/cm
2

MS /RH
Temp (
o
C)
< 30
1950 42 455
100
1970 90

535

210
1977 & 1983 130 &150 535/535
500
1984 170 538/538
660
Under Const. 247 535/566
Hydro Thermal Nuclear Total
2007-12
XI Plan
18781

40220

3160

68504
2012-17
XII Plan
20000 30000 10000 6000
66000
Figs in MW
COAL OTHERS
6343

Capacity Addition Targets
Drivers For Ultra Mega
Power Projects
LARGE CAPACITY ADDITION PLANNED OVER
NEXT DECADE IN 11
TH
PLAN BEYOND

PACE OF THERMAL CAPACITY ADDITION TO
INCREASE FROM ~ 5000 MW/Yr TO ~ 10,000 MW/Yr
ADVANCED PROVEN TECHNOLOGY WITH HIGH
EFFICIENCY FOR
OPTIMAL USE OF RESOURCES HIGHER
EFFICIENCY
ECOFRIENDLY POWER GENERATION
ECONOMY OF SCALE
OPERATIONAL FLEXIBILITY( Faster Start Up, Load
Cycling)
Concept Of
Ultra Mega Power Project
A FEW PRE-IDENTIFIED PROJECTS EACH WITH A
CAPACITY OF ABOUT 4000 MW ENVISAGED ABOUT 7
NOS. AT PRESENT

SASAN, MP PIT HEAD
AKALTARA, CHATTISGARH
MUNDRA, GUJARAT
GIRYE, MAHARASTHRA COASTAL
TADRI, KARNATAKA
ORISSA PITHEAD UNDER
ANDHRA PRADESH - COASTAL CONSIDERATION

USE OF LARGE UNIT SIZES OF 600 MW & ABOVE
SUPERCRITICAL TECHNOLOGY
FIRST FIVE TARGETTED FOR FINALISATION BY 31
ST
DEC.
2006
PIT HEAD STATIONS WOULD HAVE COAL BLOCKS
ALLOCATED WITH CAPTIVE MINING
Road Map For Implementation Of
Ultra Mega Power Projects

POTENTIAL SITES IDENTIFICATION AND
SELECTION BY CEA THROUGH SATELLITE
IMAGING, VISITS AND INTEGRATION WITH
STATE AND LOCAL AGENCIES.

SEPARATE SPV FOR EACH PROJECT FOR
PROJECT DEVELOPMENT.

PFC IDENTIFIED AS NODAL AGENCY FOR
SETTING UP OF SHELL COMPANIES.


-------- CONTD.
SHELL COMPANIES TO TAKE FOLLOWING
ACTION
- PREPARATION OF PROJECT REPORT
- INITIAL LAND ACQUISITION
- COAL LINKAGES/COAL BLOCKS ALLOCATIONS FOR
PIT HEAD PROJECTS
- ALLOCATION OF WATER
SHELL COMPANIES TO APPOINT
CONSULTANTS FOR ICB BID DOCUMENT
PREPARATION & EVALUATION.
SELECTION OF DEVELOPER THROUGH TARIFF
BASED ICB.
SHELL COMPANIES THEN TO BE
TRANSFERRED TO THE SUCCESSFUL BIDDER
FOR PROJECT EXECUTION.

Formation Of Shell Companies

FIVE SPV (SHELL COMPANIES) FORMED ARE :
1. SASAN POWER LIMITED (M.P.)
2. COASTAL GUJARAT POWER LIMITED (MUNDRA PORT)
3. COASTAL MAHARASHTRA MEGA POWER LIMITED.
4. COASTAL KARNATAKA POWER LIMITED.
5. AKALTARA POWER LIMITED (CHATTISGARH)

STATE GOVTS. HAVE BEEN REQUESTED BY MOP TO
PROVIDE NECESSARY SUPPORT.
MINISTRY OF COAL HAS AGREED IN-PRINCIPLE TO
ALLOCATE COAL BLOCKS, FOR PITHEAD STATIONS.
ADDITIONAL PIT HEAD SITE IN ORISSA AND COASTAL IN
ANDHRA PRADESH BEING EXPLORED.
Current Status Of Ultra Mega
Projects.
FIVE SHELL COMPANIES FORMED.
EOI ISSUED FOR SADAV, MUNDRA, GIRYE
& TADRI.
TECHNICAL CONSULTANTS APPOINTED
BY SHELL COS. FOR PREPARATION OF
PROJECT REPORTS.
CONSULTANT APPOINTED FOR BID
DOCUMENTS AND BIDDING PROCESS.
POWER ALLOCATION/POWER PURCHASE
AGREEMENTS ARE BEING FINALISED.
Use Of
Super Critical Technology
Supercritical Technology is widely established and
accepted with more than 500 units in operation.
Widely prevalent cycle parameters:
Pressure: 246 -250 kg/cm
2
Temperature: 538/538 deg C
538/566 deg C (Sipat & Barh TPS)
566/593 deg C (Mainly in Japan &
Germany)
593/593 or 600/600 deg C
Preferred steam parameters include higher steam
temp. of 566 to 593 deg C depending upon site specific
techno-economics. BHEL collaboration includes these
parameters.

Contd.
1. Lara TPS,NTPC 3x800 MW Chattisgarh
2. Ib Valley Daripalli,
NTPC
2x800 MW Orissa
3. Barh TPS, NTPC 2x800 MW Bihar
4. Krishnapattanam 2x800 MW AP
5. More Future projects
Besides Ultra Mega Power Projects Supercritical
Units envisaged for following projects:-
Expected Efficiency Range
Parameters Parameters
247/535/566@ 247/566/592
Tur.
HR
Blr
Eff
Gross
HR
Gross
Eff
Tur.
HR
Blr
Eff
Gross
HR
Gross
Eff
Case-I Turbine
Heat Rate =1904
as Quoted for 660
MW & parameters
at @
1904
88% 2164 39.75
%
1879
88% 2135 40.28
%
86% 2214 38.84
%
86% 2180 39.45
%
Case-II Turbine
Heat Rate =1880
as per BHEL for
660 MW &
parameters at @
1880
88% 2147 40.06
%
1855
88% 2108 40.79
%
86% 2197 39.15
%
86% 2157 39.87
%
Efficiency figures are on HHV basis and 100% load conditions
86% boiler efficiency is assumed for Indian coal and 88% for
Imported coal

List Of Foreign Suppliers For
Supercritical Units
BOILER STEAM TURBINE
1.Alstom, France.
2.MHI, Japan.
3.IHI, Japan.
4.Hitachi-Babcock, Japan.
5.Ansaldo, Italy.
6.TKZ, Russia.
7.Doosan, S. Korea.
8.Foster Wheeler, US.
9.Babcock & Wilcox, US.
10.Chinese (SEC, Dengfong,
Harbin).

1.Alstom, France.
2.MHI, Japan.
3.Siemens, Germany.
4.Ansaldo, Italy.
5.Hitachi, Japan.
6.Toshiba, Japan.
7.GE, USA.
8.Doosan, S. Korea.
9.Chinese (SEC, Dengfong,
Harbin).
10.Russian (Power Machines)
Option of using Washed Coal
Indigenous coal generally have high ash content, wide
variation in calorific value, presence of extranous
matter and is unsized.
Considering large unit size, it is desirable to have good
and consistent coal quality, free of extraneous matter
with a view to
Narrow down coal design range
Less wear and tear of coal handling and coal
pulverizers
Reduced teething problems in initial stage of
technology introduction
Comfort in plant operation
CONCLUSION

A MAJOR SHARE OF CAPACITY ADDITION EXPECTED
THROUGH LARGE SUPERCRITICAL UNITS IN ULTRA
MEGA PROJECTS AND OTHER 800 MW SIZE UNITS BY
NTPC, APGENCO & OTHER UTILITIES.

HIGHER STEAM PARAMETERS IN SUPERCRITICAL UNITS
PREFERRED FOR BETTER EFFICIENCY.

FOR OVERALL ECONOMICS, PITHEAD STATIONS CAN BE
INTEGRATED WITH COAL WASHING AND CFBC UNIT TO
USE WASHERY REJECTS.

DESIRABLE TO HAVE TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER WITH
INDIGENOUS MANUFACTURING CAPACITY BUILDING TO
MEET THE PROJECTED CAPACITY ADDITION TARGETS
WITH ADEQUATE COMPETITION.