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SIGMA TRAINERS
AHMEDABAD (INDIA)
AMPLITUDE SHIFT KEYING
MODULATION/DEMODULATION
SYSTEM TRAINER
MODEL-COM114
More
than
2000
Trainers
Since
23
Years
TRAINERS
2



INTRODUCTION

This trainer has been designed with a view to provide practical/experimental knowledge of ASK Modulation
/Demodulation technique as practically implemented in Digital Communication systems on a SINGLE PCB

.
SPECIFICATIONS

1. Power supply requirement : 230V AC, 50 Hz.

2. Built in IC based power supply.

3. On Board Modulating Digital Data signal generator to generate any binary input word with Bit clock &
Word clock.
Word Length : 8 Bits.
Data Format : NRZ.

4. On Board RF carrier signal generator.
Frequency Range : 200 KHz to 1 MHz.
Amplitude : 0 to 10 Vpp.

5. Modulator Type : Balanced modulator.

6. Demodulator Type : Diode detector.

7. All parts are soldered on single pin TAGS on single PCB of size 12" x9" with complete circuit diagram
Screen-printed.

8. Standard Accessories : 1. A Training Manual.
2. Connecting Patch cords.

3




CIRCIUT DETAILS OF AMPLITUDE SHIFT KEYING
MODULATION AND DEMODULATION

A block diagram of an ASK Modulation and Demodulation System consist of following stages/sections.

1. Digital data Generator
2. R. F. Carrier Oscillator
3. ASK Modulator section
4. ASK Demodulator section
5. Power supply.

(1) Digital Data Generator section:-
Here Digital Ics are used to generate NRZ data. This section generates Bit clock, Word clock & NRZ data.
The output bits in NRZ word can be selected by pushing data selector switches. The corresponding LEDs become
ON for 1 bit and OFF for 0 bit. The left hand side switch S1 produce MSB bit and right hand side switch S8
produce LSB bit.

(2) R. F. Carrier Oscillator section :-
1
st
BC548 Transistor is used generate RF sine wave signal. 15K Pot is used to vary its frequency. The
frequency range is 100KHz to 1MHz. Then transistors pair BC558/BC548 and BC558/BC548) are used to amplify
this RF oscillation. The amplified RF sine wave signal available at emitter junction of BC558/BC548 is given to
RF CARRIER terminal through amplitude preset and Pot. There are two RF CARRIER signals. One is
directly given to RF I/P terminal of balanced modulator section. Second RF signal can be connected at RF
I/P of Product detector section. 10K Pot is used to vary the amplitude of Sine wave signal. The output amplitude
vary from 0 to 10Vpp.

(3) ASK Modulator section: -
IC 1496 is used as balanced modulator. The modulating NRZ signal is connected at pin 1 through buffer
transistor BC548B. This IC has two inputs as it works as balanced modulator. The Second input can be connected
at pin 4 through buffer transistor BC548B. The RF carrier signal is connected at pin 8 through coupling capacitor
from RF carrier oscillator section. The modulated outputs are available at pin 12 and 6 of this IC, which are then
balanced amplified by transistor pairs -BC548B and BC558B. The final balanced modulated output is available at
ASK O/P terminal. 100K preset is used to balance carrier signal while 1K preset is used to balance input audio
signal. Output 1K preset is used to adjust output zero DC level. Output 2K2 preset is used to vary level of ASK
modulated signal.

+5 to 5V Dc voltage is given to 2
nd
input of balanced modulator to insert carrier in ASK output.

(4) ASK demodulator:-

ASK demodulation by diode detector:-
This circuit consists of Diode OA79 and Capacitors C1, C2 and Load resistor R. It works as an envelope
detector circuit. R & the capacitor C forms a low pass filter meant to reduce the carrier frequency ripple in the
output. The values of R & C are chosen so as to remove even the modulating signal frequency components. The
magnitude of this dc voltage should vary as the carrier amplitude in the input signal and should be independent
of the depth of modulation and the modulating signal frequency. C1, C2 can be selected through switch.
4




(5) Power supply section:-

The regulated power supply is used for different supply voltages.

Following output D. C. Voltages are required to operate ASK Modulation demodulation system.
+15V, 250mA,
-15V, 250mA,
+ 5V, 250mA

Three terminal regulators are used for different output voltages i. e. IC 7805 for + 5V, IC 7815 for +15V, IC
7915 for 15V.

These ICs are supplied different dc input voltages by two Bridge rectifiers consisting of D1-D4 and D5-D8 &
two 1000/25 EC and 1000/10 EC. The capacitors at each input & each output are for filtering purpose.

******************




5



EXPERIMENTS


BLOCK DIAGRAM OF ASK MODULATION/DEMODULATION


Balanced
modulator
(with Bias) Raw
ASK Signal Data


NRZ Variable Recovered
Digital Data R-C Constant Data
Generator



RF Carrier
Generator

Modulator Demodulator










Di ode
Det ect or
DG
Dat a
Squarer
RF
6



(B) EXPERIMENT PROCEDURE:-


1. Connect CRO channel-1 at NRZ DATA terminal of Digital Data generator. ______ Waveform (W1)

2. Connect CRO channel-2 at RF CARRIER terminal of RF Oscillator.
Adjust output frequency of RF oscillator to 455KHz and amplitude to 10 Vpp _____Waveform (W2)

3. Apply any digital data by pushing push switches.

4. Now Connect CRO Channel 2 at ASK MOD O/P terminal of balanced modulator.
Trigger CRO by channel-1.
The ASK Modulated wave will be observed. ______Waveform (W3)

5. See the effect on the ASK Modulator output by varying the bits in NRZ data by push switches.

6. Vary R. F. carrier Oscillator Frequency and Amplitude and observe its effect on the ASK modulated
signal.

7. Observe the Demodulated Raw NRZ data wave at the Diode Detector output. ______Waveform (W4)

8. Vary the R. F. Oscillator Frequency and Amplitude. Also vary the RC time constant in the Diode
Detector by selecting different capacitor C1, C2 by switch and by varying Pot and observe raw data.

9. Observe pure NRZ data at the output of Data squarer. _______Waveform (W5)

Conclusion :-
The modulation and demodulation process for ASK signal observed.

***********
7




TEST POINT WAVEFORMS

W1. NRZ Data at NRZ Terminal of Digital data generator:-

+5V
1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0



W2. RF Carrier signal at RF Carrier terminal of RF Oscillator: -


+5V

-5V
2.2us


W3. ASK Modulated signal at ASK O/P Terminal of Balance Modulator : -

+8V

-8V


W4. RAW ASK DATA signal at output of Diode detector




0V



H = 1 us
V = 5 V
Trig = CRO-2
H = 20 u
V = 2 V
Trig = CRO-1
H = 20 us
V = 5 V
Trig = CRO-1
H = 20 us
V = 2 V
Trig = CRO-1
8



W5. Recovered NRZ SIGNAL at output of DATA Squarer:-



1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0
+0.5V

H = 20 u
V = 2 V
Trig = CRO-1
9