VNPTs IPTV Implementation in Hanoi and Solutions to Improve Service Quality NXB H. : HCN, 2012 S trang 110 tr. +
Li Long Hi
Trng i hc Cng ngh Lun vn ThS ngnh: K thut in t; M s: 60 52 70 Cn b hng dn khoa hc: TS. Ng Thi Tr Nm bo v: 2012
Abstract. Lun vn gii thiu tng quan v Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) nh cc khi nim lin quan, truyn ti ni dung IPTV v cc m hnh trin khai IPTV. Nghin cu hin trng c s h tng ca VNPT v trin khai dch v IPTV ca VNPT ti H Ni. a ra gii php nhm nng cao cht lng dch v IPTV ti H Ni.
Keywords: K thut in t; Truyn hnh bng rng; Truyn hnh giao thc; Vin thng; Mng truyn thng
Content. I. LI NI U p ng nhu cu trao i thng tin ca x hi, ngoi truyn hnh v tinh, truyn hnh cp s th truyn hnh theo phng thc IP (IPTV) ngy cng c pht trin mnh m trn ton th gii. Vi s hu thun ca vin thng, IPTV d dng cung cp nhiu hot ng tng tc hn, cung cp s cnh tranh mnh m hn cho cc doanh nghip kinh doanhdch v truyn hnh. IPTV c c hi ln pht trin nhanh chng khi m mng bng rng c mt khp mi ni. Da trn nn tng c s h tng mnh m, VNPT H Ni khng ch trin khai IPTV trn mng bng rng xDSL m cn trin khai IPTV trn nn FTTx mng n cho khch hng nhng tri nghim thc s th v khi xem truyn hnh. Nhm mc ch tm hiu v thc trng trin khai IPTV ti VNPT H Ni v t a ra phng n nng cao cht lng, n c xy dng vi b cc nh sau: Chng 1: Gii thiu tng quan v IPTV Chng 2: Trin khai dch v IPTV ca VNPT ti H Ni Chng 3: Gii php nhm nng cao cht lng dch v IPTV. Kt Lun
Do ni dung kin thc ca ti cn mi, kh nng cn hn ch nn quyn n ny chc chn khng trnh khi nhng thiu st. Tc gi rt mong nhn c s ch bo gp ca cc thy c gio v ng nghip ti c hon thin v c p dng vo thc t mang li hiu qu cao. II. CHNG 1: GII THIU TNG QUAN V IPTV GII THIU V IPTV Khi nim IPTV ITPV c nh ngha chnh thc nh sau: IPTV l cc dch v a phng tin nh truyn hnh nh, ting ni, vn bn, d liu c phn phi qua cc mng da trn IP m c qun l cung cp cc cp cht lng dch v, bo mt, tnh tng tc, tnh tin cy theo yu cu. (theo ITU TFG IPTV). Cu trc mng IPTV
Hnh 1.1: Cu trc mng IPTV Cc dch v v ng dng ca IPTV Cc dch v ca IPTV Cung cp cc dch v qung b Cung cp cc dch v theo yu cu Cung cp cc dch v tng tc. Cc ng dng ca IPTV Truyn ti ni dung IPTV Tng quan v m hnh IPTV (IPTVCD) M hnh truyn thng trong IPTV c 7 lp v mt lp ty chn c xp chng ln nhau. Cc d liu video pha thit b gi c truyn t lp cao xung lp thp trong m hnh IPTV, v c truyn i trong mng bng rng bng cc giao thc ca lp vt l. thit b nhn, d liu nhn c chuyn t lp thp nht n lp trn cng trong m hnh IPTV.
M hnh IPTV v truyn ti cc ni dung MPEG Lp m ha video Lp ng gi video Lp cu trc dng truyn ti Lp truyn ti thi gian thc Lp truyn ti Lp IP Lp lin kt d liu Lp vt l MT S M HNH TRIN KHAI IPTV M hnh trin khai IPTV trn mng xDSL M hnh trin khai IPTV trn mng bng rng: M hnh trin khai trn mng FTTx: Kh nng ca PON M hnh trin khai IPTV trn mng truyn hnh cp M hnh trin khai trn mng HFC M hnh trin khai IPTV cp da trn h thng qung b DVB-C: M hnh trin khai IPTV trn mng Wimax
III. CHNG 2: TRIN KHAI DCH V IPTV CA VNPT TI H NI Hin trng c s h tng ca VNPT Mng ng trc PE/ BRASs Core router M160 Core router M160 Core router M160 PE/ BRASs PE/ BRASs
Hnh 2.1: Mng ng trc ca VNPT Mng ng trc ca VNPT c nhim v truyn dn cc lu lng thng tin lin tnh cng nh thng tin i quc t. H thng mng ng trc gm cc core router, cc PE v BRAS.
Mng gom v mng truy nhp M hnh u ni IPTV ti VNPT Mng MAN-E ti VNPT H ni Trin khai IPTV trn mng cp ng ti VNPT H Ni: M hnh trin khai: MAN E VNPT Ni 1 0 G e PE VTN Switch Agg Switch Core BRAS VNPT Ni P W P W G E / F o Modem ADSL 4port-multi PVC P W Switch Core IP DSLAM PVC0 (0/35): PPPoE PVC1 (2/35): Bridge1483 PC Access Internet STB (Set Top Box) IPTV Port0: PVC0: VPI/VCI:0/35 PPPoE- S-VLAN Internet Port0: PVC1: VPI/VCI:2/35 Bridge- S-VLAN 8 map nh VASC IPTV Head Center S-VLAN, IPTV VLAN 8,9 VFI8 Internet Cap AV/ HDMI Lu ch dng cp DMI khi ivi h r D v khch hng ng k dng gi D (khi lp STB loi D) Ghi ch : ch trin khai trn IP DSLAM Huawei MA5600 v IP DSLAM Alcatel ISAM7302
Hnh 2.6: Dch v MyTV cung cp ng thi vi dch v truy nhp Internet MegaVNN trn cp ng. o c thc t:
Bng 2.3: Kt qu o kim IPTV trn ng cp ng Knh Broadcast SD Trng thi HD Trng thi Latency 88 ms Pass 85 ms Pass Jitter current 1 ms Pass 1ms Pass Jitter max 4 ms Pass 7 ms Pass V-MOS 4.45 Pass 4.5 Pass Video Rate 4.156 Mbps Pass 8.835 Mbps Pass Packet lost 0% Pass 1.05% Fail Knh VOD SD Trng thi HD Trng thi Latency 177 ms Pass 178 ms Pass
Jitter current 1 ms Pass 0 ms Pass Jitter max 2 ms Pass 33 ms Pass V-MOS 4.45 Pass 4.5 Pass Video Rate 3.719 Mbps Pass 8.636 Mbps Pass Packet lost 0% Pass 0.05% Fail
nh gi hot ng ca m hnh: i vi knh HD s dng trn ng ADSL cp ng: th cht lng khng c m bo. Hn ch ln nht ca vic trin khai IPTV trn mng cp ng l : do suy hao trn ng truyn ln nn khong cch ti a t Tng i n nh khch hng phi nh hn 2 km v vy hn ch rt nhiu khch hng mun ng k dch v IPTV ca VNPT H Ni. Trin khai IPTV trn mng FTTx:
M hnh trin khai:
Hnh 2.8: Dch v MyTV HD cung cp ng thi vi dch v truy nhp Internet FiberVNN trn cp quang
o c thc t: Bng 2.5: Kt qu o kim IPTV trn mng FTTx Knh VOD SD Trng thi HD Trng thi Latency 94 ms Pass 65 ms Pass Jitter 1 ms Pass 1 ms Pass
current Jitter max 53 ms Fail 105 ms Fail V-MOS 4.45 Pass 4.5 Pass Video Rate 3.702 Mbps Pass 8.463 Mbps Pass Packet lost 0% Pass 0% Pass Knh Broadcast SD Trng thi HD Trng thi Latency 14 ms Pass 88 ms Pass Jitter current 1 ms Pass 1 ms Pass Jitter max 7 ms Pass 2 ms Pass V-MOS 4.2 Pass 4.5 Pass Video Rate 3.291 Mbps Pass 8.877 Mbps Pass Packet lost 0% Pass 0% Pass nh gi hot ng ca m hnh: L gii php kt ni hon ton bng cp quang t nh cung cp dch v n tn nh khch hng. u im ln nht ca m hnh trin khai trn mng FTTx so vi internet ADSL FTTH c tc nhanh hn nhiu ln (khong 200 ln), v c tc ti ln v ti xung nh nhau. Ngoi ra, FTTx cn c tc truy nhp, bo mt cao, cht lng tn hiu n nh, khng b nh hng bi cc yu t mi trng. Chiu di cp cng cho php nng cp bng thng d dng khi c nhu cu.
Trin khai IPTV trn nn GPON: 2.4.1. Kin trc GPON 2.4.2. M hnh trin khai IPTV trn mng GPON
Hnh 2.11: M hnh trin khai IPTV trn mng GPON
2.4.3. nh gi hot ng ca m hnh: Mi khch hng c kt ni ti mng quang thng qua mt b chia quang th ng. Tn hiu download truyn ti cc h gia nh c m ha trnh vic xem trm. Tn hiu upload c kt hp bng vic s dng giao thc a truy nhp phn chia theo thi gian s iu khin vic s dng cc khe thi gian cho vic truyn d liu ng uplink mt cch ti u nht. u im ca GPON l s dng cc thit b chia quang Splitter khng cn cp ngun in, nn c gi thnh r v c th t bt k u, khng ph thuc vo cc iu kin mi trng, khng cn phi cung cp nng lng cho cc thit b gia phng my trung tm v pha ngi dng. u im ny cng gip gim c chi ph bo dng, vn hnh. y hin l cng ngh s dng bng thng download v upload tc cao nht c khai thc. IV. CHNG 3: GII PHP NHM NNG CAO CHT LNG DCH V IPTV Gii php hn ch tc nghn trn mng truyn ti IPTV nh gi hot ng ca cc m hnh hin ti: Ti mi phn vng Sw 7609 Agg, dch v VOD s dng VLAN 8 chung cho khch hng MyTV trn IP DSLAM v L2 Switch, chy theo m hnh Layer 2 thuc cng mt min Broadcast nn khi xy ra li mc nhiu thu bao nh hng nh: Li do DHCP server gi mo (gy cp sai IP trn mt vng Agg).
Li do Broadcast storm gy nghn VLAN 8 Li do Loop mng... Do vy chia nh min Broadcast s c u im sau : Gim qui m nh hng s thu bao khi pht sinh cc li nu trn. p dng cc chnh sch bo mt khc nhau vi mi VLAN chia theo chng loi thit b IP- DSLAM, G-PON, L2Switch Thun li cho vic troubleshoot, khc phc li... Phng n thc hin tch VLAN VOD Ti mi Agg cu hnh cc VLAN, Subnet theo quy hoch ti ph lc di: TT Cc Vlan c Vai tr Cc Vlan mi Vai tr 1 8 VoD 8 VoD cho IP DSLAM u vo Acc 7606 2 9 Multicast 9 Multicast 3 10 Test GPON 10 S dng cho dch v trn GPON. 4
VoD 11 VoD cho MyTV cp quang u vo 6424; 3400 5
VoD 12 VoD cho IP DSLAM u vo 7609 Bng 3.1: Quy hoch VLAN mi cho dch v MyTV
Hnh 3.2: M hnh sau khi chia tch VLAN-VOD Loi thit b IP DSLAM: Gi nguyn VLAN 8 trn cc DSLAM kt ni n switch 7606. Thay th VLAN 8 bng VLAN 12 cho cc DSLAM kt ni n Agg 7609. Thay th VLAN 8 bng VLAN 12 cho cc DSLAM kt ni n switch 4924- Agg 7609. Loi thit b layer2 Switch (6424 ALU, ME 3400 cisco): Switch 6424 ALU: thay i t VLAN 8 sang VLAN 11 ti cc switch ALU 6424 thc hin bin dch trn cng Switch (translate) t VLAN 11 sang VLAN 8 (Khng phi thay i ti u cui CPE thu bao). Switch ME3400: i t VLAN 8 sang VLAN 11 (phi thay i ti u cui TB). Qun l QoS v QoE trong IPTV nng cao cht lng dch v Cc khi nim nh gi cht lng IPTV Yu cu cht lng tri nghim QoE cho IPTV Hnh 3.4: QoS v QoE ca dch v IPTV Theo khuyn ngh ITU-T G.1080, QoE gm cc yu cu ch yu lp ng dng v dch v: a. QoE cho video v audio: b. QoE cho k t v hnh v: c. Yu cu v chc nng iu khin: d. Yu cu v cc dch v cng thm v h tr:
Phng php nh gi QoE: Phng php nh gi QoE ch quan: Phng php nh gi ch quan s dng mt nhm ngi phn loi v nh gi cht lng hnh nh. Mi trng v con ngi dng kim tra ch quan khc nhau i vi cc nh cung cp dch v khc nhau. Cc bc thc hin kim tra ch quan nh sau: Xc nh mt chui cc lung video thc hin kim tra. Chn cc tham s cu hnh. Ci t mi trng kim tra tng ng vi cc tham s cu hnh. Chn ngi tham gia kim tra. Thc hin kim tra v phn tch kt qu. Cc mi trng kim tra thng tun theo h thng nh ngha bi ITU-R BT 500 l MOS (Mean Opinion Score) vi thang im:
Bng 3.2: im nh gi MOS MOS: c nh gi theo thang im t 1 n 5 tng ng vi cht lng t km n xut sc. MOS c tnh theo gi tr trung bnh. Bng 3.3: Thang im SAMVIQ v nh x vi MOS
c im ch yu ca SAMVIQ l cch thc m cc on video c trnh by cho ngi thc hin nh gi. Phng php nh gi QoE khch quan: MPQM (Moving Picture Quality Metrics) v V-factor l 2 m hnh nh gi QoE ca dch v IPTV. MPQM khng cn n s so snh gia hnh nh gc v hnh nh nhn c. im c bn ny mang li tnh kh thi v m rng cao cho MPQM trong thc t. T u vo l xc sut mt gi (Packet Loss Probability), phn tch lng thng tin c hnh nh truyn ti (entropy analysis), bin thin tr (jitter), xung gc (Program Clock Reference), loi m ha (MPEG2, H264), MPQM a ra thang im 5 cho cht lng IPTV, Excellent tng Mc cm nhn i vi knh IPTV im MOS Xut sc (Excellent) 5 Tt (Good) 4 Trung bnh (Fair) 3 Tm chp nhn (Poor) 2 Km (Bad) 1 Mc cm nhn i vi knh IPTV Thang im MOS Xut sc (Excellent) 80-100 5 Tt (Good) 60-80 4 Trung bnh (Fair) 40-60 3 Tm chp nhn (Poor) 20-40 2 Km (Bad) 0-20 1
ng thang im 5, Good tng ng thang im 4, Fair tng ng thang im 3, Poor tng ng thang im 2, Bad tng ng thang im 1. V-factor cng l mt s trin khai da trn m hnh gc MPQM. Tuy nhin, ngoi vic cho im nh gi cht lng ca hnh nh, V-factor cn cung cp thm nhng thng tin cn thit cho vic theo di v phn tch cc nguyn nhn gy ra vn cht lng. Tiu chun dch v IPTV Tiu chun ny bao gm cc ch tiu cht lng nh gi ch yu cho cc dch v sau: Dch v VoD Dch v Broacast TV (LiveTV) Dch v truy nhp Internet Best-Effort (BE) (lt web v chi game) i vi ch tiu cht lng hnh nh, m thanh ni chung s bao gm cc yu cu sau: Khi hnh nh m thanh c truyn qua mng IP NGN chng ta quan tm ti cc yu t nh hng do mng IP to ra. Hnh 3.8 m t qu trnh x l ca mng theo c ch t trn xung. C ch ny lin quan cht ch ti QoE v QoS. QoE v QoS phi m bo cc tiu ch m DLS forum a ra cho cc dch v multiplay.
Hnh 3.8: Qu trnh x l QoE/QoS
Hnh 3.10: T l mt gi lin quan ti cht lng QoE ca hnh nh
Ch tiu chung: - Jitter <50 ms - Delay <200 ms - Zapping times <2 seconds
xut m hnh qun l QoE v QoS trong IPTV ti VNPT H Ni
Hnh 3.11: S h thng qun l cht lng IPTV H thng qun l cht lng dch v IPTV thng c thit k nm gia cu trc mng ca nh cung cp dch v v cu trc mng ca ngi s dng. S b tr h thng qun l c m t nh hnh trn. Thut ton ca tin trnh QoE c th biu din hnh di:
Hnh 3.12: Thut ton tin trnh QoE
u tin, h thng o cc tham s QoS t cc phn t trn cu trc mng ng vi mi knh IPTV. Cc tham s QoS ny c a vo tnh ton QoE tng ng. Vic tnh ton c thc hin qua vic so snh cc tham s QoS ny vi cc tham s QoS v QoE chun (c c t cc tnh ton nh trong phn phng php nh gi QoE). Nu cc tham s o c nm trong phm vi cho php, h thng khng tc ng g. Nu cc gi tr o c vt qu cc gi tr quy nh, h thng thc hin cc thay i trn mng ci thin cc tham s QoS n gi tr cho php hoc a ra cc thng bo ngi qun tr c cc bin php khc phc cc s c lm nh hng n cht lng dch v.
Hnh 3.13: M hnh trin khai Qun l QoE v QoS trong thc t nh gi hot ng ca m hnh: H thng qun l cht lng dch v IPTV c thit k nm gia cu trc mng truyn ti v vic qun l QoS ti tt c cc v tr trn ton mng gip nh qun l d dng xc nh v tr cn tc ng nng cao cht lng dch v, rt ngn thi gian sa cha. Vic qun l cht QoE nh trong m hnh trn hng n tiu ch c th d on trc vic suy gim cht lng dch v pha khch hng c bin php khc phc kp thi nhm mang li s hi lng v cht lng dch v t khch hng. Cc bin php m bo QoS cho IPTV m bo QoS cho IPTV cn phi da vo cc yu cu cht lng ca dch v ny. Nh ni trn, i vi IPTV trong thi im hin ti, cht lng IPTV ch yu l cht lng cc dch v lin quan n video.
Hnh 3.14: Cc thnh phn ca IPTV Cc bin php m bo QoS IPTV mng ni dung (Head-end) Vic m bo cht lng video head-end phi xut pht t cht lng video v audio ngun. S dng cc k thut nn l phng php quan trng c s dng head-end, va m bo cht lng video, va m bo lu lng lung video/audio khng qu ln. Cc bin php m bo QoS mng qun l Middle ware phi cung cp cc tnh nng bo mt, xc nhn, tnh cc, gim st h thng, ng thi phi cung cp mt EPG y tin ch v thn thin vi ngi dng. Cc bin php m bo QoS mng gia nh (Home netwok) Yu t nh hng ln nht n cht lng IPTV trong mng gia nh l STB. Cht lng STB s quyt nh ci m khch hng c xem. Cc bin php m bo QoS mng truyn dn
Ci thin hiu nng mng NP (Network Performance) Cc tham s NP c quan tm bao gm: bng thng, tr, bin ng tr (jitter) v mt gi. a. Bng thng: IPTV c xem l mt ng dng ngn bng thng. Cc bin php nhm tng bng thng: Nng cp ng truyn: y c xem l phng php hiu qu nht nhng cng l phng php tn km nht. S dng cc QoS class phn lung u tin lu lng. Nn frame d liu layer 2: bin php ny c hiu qu tuy nhin lm tng thi gian tr do tnh phc tp ca cc gii thut nn. Nn Header, y cng l mt phng php rt hiu qu nht l trong trng hp cc gi tin c t s d liu/header nh (RTP). b. Tr u cui n u cui (end-to-end delay): c. Mt gi (Packet Loss) d. Bin ng tr (Jitter) Cc bin php m bo QoS lin quan n x l lu lng Cc bin php m bo QoS lin quan n x l lu lng l cc bin php c xem l hiu qu nht v c s dng rng ri nht. i khi, khi nim QoS cn c nh ngha l: Kh nng phn bit i x vi cc lu lng khch nhau (theo Cisco). Cc bin php ny c gi l cc c ch QoS.
V. KT LUN. IPTV c cc chuyn gia nhn nhn l mt cng ngh c kh nng mang ti li nhun rt ln cho cc nh cung cp vin thng trong mt tng lai gn. IPTV c th thay i phng thc xem cc chng trnh truyn hnh v l mt cuc cch mng trong vic to ra ni dung. Vi s pht trin ca cng ngh truy cp bng rng v cc thit b sn xut chng trnh truyn hnh, cc chuyn gia tin tng rng IPTV thc s c kh nng cnh tranh vi cc chng trnh truyn hnh v tinh, truyn hnh cp hay cc loi truyn hnh thng thng. Mc d IPTV vn trong giai on bt u, nhng c s pht trin ca mt s nh cung cp cng nh s lng thu bao. Hin ti IPTV l mt nhn t quan trng trong th trng truyn hnh thu ph, v trong tng lai cc nh cung cp IPTV s cho ra cc dch v mi v s thu ht c rt nhiu khch hng. Vi ni dung c trnh by trn, lun vn a ra c ci nhn tng qut v cng ngh IPTV, phng php ng gi d liu video qua tng lp, mt s m hnh trin khai IPTV hin nay. Lun vn a ra v nh gi m hnh trin khai IPTV ca VNPT ti H Ni v gii php nhm nng cao cht lng dch v.
Cc ti liu s dng trong kha lun ny ch yu c ly t Internet, VNPT H Ni v c bit l s hng dn ca thy gio TS. Ng Thi Tr. Kha lun ny cn nhiu thiu st, do em rt mong nhn c kin ng gp ca cc thy c v cc bn lun vn ny c hon thin hn.
References. Ting Vit: 1. Cng ty phn mm v truyn thng VASC (2009), H thng truyn hnh trn mng xDSL ca VNPT. 2. Cng ty phn mm v truyn thng VASC (2009), Tnh ton dung lng mng MEN. 3. Cng ty phn mm v truyn thng VASC (2011), Tiu chun cho dch v Triple Play. 4. Vin Thng H Ni (2010), Bo co o kim IPTV. 5. Vin Thng H Ni (2010), Quy nh tm thi cht lng mng IP. 6. Vin Thng H Ni (2010), nh ngha dch v v phng n cu hnh MYTV trn mng internet FiberVNN VNPT H Ni. 7. Vin Thng H Ni (2010), nh ngha dch v v phng n cu hnh MYTV trn mng xDSL VNPT H Ni. 8. Vin Thng H Ni (2010), nh ngha dch v cung cp trn h thng GPON VNPT H Ni. 9. Vin Thng H Ni (2012), Phng n trin khai thm VLAN ID cho dch v MyTV trn IP DSLAM, L2 Switch v GPON.
Ting Anh: 1. John Williams (2008), IPTV QoS/QoE Quality Model 2. Reza Vaez Ghaemi (2008), IP Video Test in Tranport Networks. 3. Tran Cong Hung, Le Quoc Cuong, Tran Van Dung, Tran Phu Khanh (2010), Prefeasibility Study for the Development of IPTV Service on the Network Infrastructure of Fixed Network Operators.