2G (Second Generation)

2G (or 2-G) is short for second-generation wireless telephonetechnology.

Second generation 2G cellular telecom networks were commercially
launched on the GSM standard in Finland by Radiolinja(now part of Elisa
Oyj) in 1991.
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Three primary benefits of 2G networks over their
predecessors were that phone conversations were digitally encrypted; 2G
systems were significantly more efficient on the spectrum allowing for far
greater mobile phone penetration levels; and 2G introduced data services
for mobile, starting with SMS text messages. 2G technologies enabled the
various mobile phone networks to provide the services such as text
messages, picture messages and MMS (multi media messages). All text
messages sent over 2G are digitally encrypted, allowing for the transfer of
data in such a way that only the intended receiver can receive and read it.
2G technologies can be divided into Time Division Multiple Access(TDMA)-
based and Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)-based standards
depending on the type of multiplexing used. The main 2G standards are:
GSM (TDMA-based), IS-95 aka cdmaOne (CDMA-based), PDC (TDMA-
based), iDEN (TDMA-based), IS-136 a.k.a. D-AMPS (TDMA-based)
Disadvantages
In less populous areas, the weaker digital signal transmitted by a cellular
phone may not be sufficient to reach a cell tower. This tends to be a
particular problem on 2G systems deployed on higher frequencies, but is
mostly not a problem on 2G systems deployed on lower frequencies.
National regulations differ greatly among countries which dictate where
2G can be deployed.
Advantages
Quality of voice and high security

3G ( Third Generation)