Symbols and Charges for Monoatomic Ions

Symbol Name Symbol Name

H
+
hydr ogen i on H hydr i de
Li
+
l i thi um i on F

fl uor i de Note that the
Na
+
sodi um i on Cl chl or i de l etter s i n an i ons
K
+
potassi um i on Br br omi de name before the
Rb
+
r ubi di um i on I i odi de -i de endi ng i s
Cs
+
cesi um i on O
2
oxi de the stem. For
Be
2+
ber yl l i um i on S
2
sul fi de exampl e, the stem
Mg
2+
magnesi um i on Se
2
sel eni de for br omi de i s
Ca
2+
cal ci um i on Te
2
tel l ur i de br om-.
Sr
2+
str onti um i on
Ba
2+
bar i um i on Ag
+
si l ver i on N
3
ni tr i de
Ra
2+
r adi um i on Ni
2+
ni ckel i on P
3
phosphi de
Zn
2+
zi nc i on Al
3+
al umi num i on As
3
ar seni de
Systemati c name Common Systemati c name Common
Symbol (Stock system) n ame Symbol (Stock system) n ame
Cu
+
copper (I ) cupr ous Hg
2
2+
mer cur y(I ) mer cur ous
Cu
2+
copper (I I ) cupr i c Hg
2+
mer cur y(I I ) mer cur i c
Fe
2+
i r on(I I ) fer r ous Pb
2+
l ead(I I ) pl umbous
Fe
3+
i r on(I I I ) fer r i c Pb
4+
l ead(I V) pl umbi c
Sn
2+
ti n(I I ) stannous Co
2+
cobal t(I I ) cobal tous
Sn
4+
ti n(I V) stanni c Co
3+
cobal t(I I I ) cobal ti c
Cr
2+
chr omi um(I I ) chr omous Au
+
gol d(I ) aur ous
Cr
3+
chr omi um(I I I ) chr omi c Au
3+
gol d(I I I ) aur i c
Mn
2+
manganese(I I ) manganous
Mn
3+
manganese(I I I ) mangani c
Symbols and Charges for Polyatomic Ions
For mul a Name For mul a Name
NO
3
ni tr ate Cl O
4
per chl or ate
NO
2
ni tr i te Cl O
3
chl or ate
Cr O
4
2
chr omate Cl O
2
chl or i te
Cr
2
O
7
2
di chr omate Cl O hypochl or i te
CN cyani de I O
4
per i odate
MnO
4
per manganate I O
3
i odate
OH hydr oxi de I O hypoi odi te
O
2
2
per oxi de BrO
3
br omate
NH
2
ami de Br O hypobr omi te
CO
3
2
car bonate HCO
3
hydr ogen car bonate (bi car bonate)
SO
4
2
sul fate HSO
4
hydrogen sul fate (bi sul fate)
SO
3
2
sul fi te HSO
3
hydrogen sul fi te (bi sul fi te)
C
2
O
4
2
oxal ate HC
2
O
4
hydr ogen oxal ate (bi noxal ate)
PO
4
3
phosphate HPO
4
2
hydr ogen phosphate
PO
3
3
phosphi te H
2
PO
4
di hydr ogen phosphate
More Symbols and Charges for Polyatomic Ions
S
2
O
3
2
thi osul fate HS hydr ogen sul fi de
AsO
4
3
ar senate BO
3
3
borate
SeO
4
2
sel enate B
4
O
7
2
tetraborate
Si O
3
2
si l i cate SiF
6
2
hexafl uor osi l i cate
C
4
H
4
O
6
2
tartrate SCN thi ocyanate
C
2
H
3
O
2
acetate (an al ternate way to wri te acetate i s CH
3
COO)
There i s one posi ti ve pol yatomi c i on. I t i s NH
4
+
and i s cal l ed the ammoni um i on.
Pr efi xes Used to I ndi cate Number i n a Name I nvol vi ng Two Non-Metal s
mon o 1 h ex a 6
di 2 hepta 7
tr i 3 octa 8
tetr a 4 n on a 9
penta 5 deca 10
These pr efi xes ar e used i n nami ng bi nar y compounds i nvol vi ng two nonmetal s. Exampl e
i ncl ude P
2
O
5
, Cl
2
O, NO, N
2
O, NO
2
, N
2
O
5
, PCl
3
, PCl
5
, SO
2
, SO
3,
Si O
2
. Someti mes metal i ons are
i nvol ved i n a Greek prefi x name, but these are l ess common. Exampl es i ncl ude UF
6
, SbCl
3
,
SbCl
5
, OsO
4
, Bi Cl
3
.
Ther e i s a pr efer r ed or der of the nonmetal s when wr i ti ng them i n a for mul a. I t i s:
Rn, Xe, Kr, B, Si , C, Sb, As, P, N, H, Te, Se, S, I , Br, Cl , O, F.
CO i s carbon monoxi de, NOT carbon monooxi de. As
4
O
6
i s tetrarseni c hexoxi de, NOT
tetr aar seni c hexaoxi de.
Aci d Names add the wor d aci d to each name when sayi ng or wr i ti ng.
Nonoxygen containing Oxygen containing (oxyacids)
Name when di s- Name when a pur e
For mul a sol ved i n water compound For mul a Name
HF hydr ofl uor i c aci d hydr ogen fl uor i de HNO
3
ni tr i c aci d
HCl hydr ochl or i c aci d hydr ogen chl or i de HNO
2
ni tr ous aci d
HBr hydr obr omi c aci d hydr ogen br omi de H
2
SO
4
sul fur i c aci d
H I hydr oi odi c aci d hydr ogen i odi de H
2
SO
3
sul fur ous aci d
HCN hydr ocyani c aci d hydr ogen cyani de H
3
PO
4
phosphor i c aci d
H
2
S hydr osul fui c aci d hydr ogen sul fi de H
2
CO
3
car boni c aci d
HC
2
H
3
O
2
aceti c aci d
(Note that i t i s hydrogen sul fi de, NOT hydr ogen sul fur i de.) (al so wr i tten CH
3
COOH)