Training Report HPGCL

TRAINING REPORT July 27, 2012
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TRAINING REPORT

ELECTRICAL MAINTAINANCE DIVISION

UNIT -7(250MW)

PANIPAT THERMAL POWER STATION (1367.8MW)

BY:-
SIDHANT BHAYANA


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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

IN EVERY STEP OF ACHIVING ANY CONCERT, THERE IS NEED OF GUIDENCE, INSPIRATION
& HELP FOR BETTER RESULT.I AM HEREBY THANKFULL TO FOLLOWING PERSONS FOR
NOT ONLY THEIR VALUABLE INSTRUCTIONS THAT THEY GIVEN ME TO PREPARE THIS
PROJECT REPORT BUT ALSO FOR THEIR COOPERATION DURING TRAINING PERIOD.

1. Er. Sandeep Makhija

2. Er. Pankaj Verma

3. Er.

4. Er.

I AM EQUALLY THANKFUL TO ALL OTHER WORKERS WHO TRIED THEIR BEST TO HELP ME
& PROVIDED ME INFORMATIONS REQUIRED FOR TRAINING AND COMPLETION OF THIS
PROJECT REPORT.


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INDEX

1. INTRODUCTION

2. FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

3.6.6 KV SUPPLY SYSTEM

4. MOTOR
1. H.T.MOTORS
2. L.T MOTORS

5. TRANSFORMERS

6. SWITCHYARD COMPONENTS

7. TURBO GENERATOR


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INTRODUCTION

THE SALIENT FEATURES OF THE PLANT ARE AS UNDER:

CAPACITY 4X110MW+2X210MW+2X250MW

UNIT-1 01-11-1979
UNIT-2 27-03-1980
UNIT-3 01-01-1985
UNIT-4 11-01-1987
UNIT-5 28-03-1989
UNIT-6 04-07-2001
UNIT-7 16-10-2004
UNIT-8 02-02-2005
DAILY COAL REQ. 15,000M.T.
HEIGHT OF COOLING
TOWERS
123.5 mtr. IN STAGE 1&2
143.5 mtr. IN STAGE 3&4
140 mtr. IN STAGE 5&6

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FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION:

THE THERMAL POWER STATION BURNS FUEL & USES THE HEAT TO MAKE THE
STEAM,WHICH DRIVES THE TURBO GENERATOR. THE FUEL i.e. COAL IS BURNT IN
PULVERISED FORM. THE ENERGY OF THE STEAM PROUDCED IS CONVERTED INTO
MECHANICAL ENERGY WITH THE HELP OF TURBINE.THE MECHANICAL ENERGY IS FED TO
THE GENERTOR WHERE THE MAGNETS ROTATES INSIDE A SET OF STATOR WINDING &
THUS ELECTRICITY IS PROUDUCED. IN INDIA 65% OF TOTAL POWER IS GENERATED BY
THERMAL POWER STATIONS. TO UNDERSTAND THE WORKING OF THE THERMAL
POWER STATION PLANT, THE WHOLE PROCESS IS DIVIDED INTO FOLLOWING PARTS:

1.COAL FLOW:

IN COAL FIRED PLANTS, RAW MATERIAL ARE AIR &WATER .IN PTPS ,COAL IS
TRANSPORTED THROUGH RAILWAY WAGONS FROM M\s. COAL INDIA & IS KEPT
RESERVED ON A BUFFER STOCK .THE BROUGHT OUT TO THE STATION IS UNLOADED
WITH THE HELP OF WAGON TIPPLER .AFTER UNLOADING ,THE COAL IS SENT TO
CRUSHER HOUSE WITH THE HELP OF CONVEYOR BELTS. THE COAL WHICH IS NOW
REDUCED TO VERY SMALL PIECES(~20mm),IS SENT TO THE COAL BUNKERS WITH THE
HELP OF CONVEYOR BELT .THE RAW COAL IS FED TO COAL MILLS THROUGH RAW COAL
FEEDERS . RAW COAL FEEDERS BASICALLY REGULATE RAW COAL TO PULVERISE MILL.
THE RAW PULVERISED COAL IS FED TO THE FURNACE WITH THE HELP OF PRIMARY FAN
THROUGH PULVERISED COAL PIPES .A PORITION OF THE PRIMARY AIR IS HEATED
UTILISING THE HEAT OF THE FLUE GASES IN THE AIR PRE-HEATER & THEN MIXED WITH
THE COLD AIR AS PER REQUIREMENT BY THE PULVERISED COAL.NORMALLY THE TEMP.
OF 60 TO 70 DEGREES IS MAINTAINED.THE COAL IS NOW BURNT IN THE FURNACE
USING OIL IN THE BEGINNING, SHOWERED THROUGH THE NOZZLES AT DIFFERENT
ELEVATIONS IN THE FURNACE .TO PROVIDE AIR FOR COMBUTION,THE SECONDARY AIR
IS FORCED INTO THE FURNANCE USING FORCED DRAUGHT FAN.THE HEAT PRODUCED
DUE TO COMBUTION IS UTILISED FOR THE CONVERSION OF WATER INTO STEAM .
THE WATER IS STORED IN THE BOILER DRUM .THERE ARE TWO SETS OF PIPES ATTACHED
TO THE DRUM, ONE CALLED RISER & OTHER KNOWN AS DOWN COMER THROUGH
WHICH THE WATER COMES TO THE RING HEADER & STEAM MOVES UP DUE TO THE
DENSITY DIFFERENCE OF WATER & STEAM. THIS STEAM IS SUPER HEATED USING SUPER
HEATERS & MEANWHILE THE FLUE GASES ARE FORCED OUT IN THE ATMOSPHERE
THROUGH CHIMNEY.


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2. STEAM FLOW:

THE SUPER HEATED STEAM IS SENT TO THE TURBINE THROUGH PIPELINES.THERE ARE
THREE TURBINES IN THE UNITS NAMELY HIGH PRESSURE, INTERMEDIATE PRESSURE &
LOW PRESSURE.THE STEAM AT DIFFERENT TEMP. &PRESSURE ARE PASSED THROUGH
THESE TURBINES. AFTER PASSING THROUGH HIGH PRESSURE TURBINE THE STEAM IS
SENT TO THE REHEATER FOR TEMPERATURE ADDITION IN THE STEAM.AFTER
REHEATING, THE STEAM IS SENT TO THE INTERMEDIATE PRESSURE TURBINE THROUGH
REHEATED LINE. HERE IT LOSES MOST OF ITS TEMP. & PRESSURE, & FINALLY SENT TO
LOW PRESSURE TURBINE.THE USES OF THREE DIFFERENT TURBINES HELPS IN
INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF THE PLANT. THE TURBINE IS CONNECTED TO A
GENERATOR THAT PRODUCES ELECTRICITY. THE PRODUCED ELECTRICITY IS STEPPED
UPTO 220 KV WITH THE HELP OF STEP UP TRANSFORMER & SUPPLIED TO VARIOUS
SUBSTATIONS/GRIDS.
MEANWHILE, THE STEAM THROUGH LOW PRESSURE ( L.P.) TURBINE IS CONDENSED
AND THE CONDENSED WATER IS STORED IN HOT WELL,WHICH IS JUST BENEATH THE
CONDENSER.

3.WATER FLOW:

THE CONDENSED WATER IS EXTRACTED FROM THE HOT WELL THROUGH CONDENSATE
EXTRACTION PUMPS & SENT TO THE BOILER DRUM WITH THE HELP OF BOILER FEED
PUMP (B.F.P.) PASSING THROUGH LOW PRESSURE HEATER AND DEARETER. THE LOSS IN
WATER WHICH IS AROUND 5-10% IS MADE UP FROM C.S. TANK, WHICH HAS D.M.
WATER IN IT. THE C.S TANK IS DIRECTLY CONNECED TO HOT WELL.
THE WATER USED IN CONDENSOR IS SENT TO COOLING TOWER FOR COOLING .AFTER
COOLING THIS WATER IS AGAIN SENT TO CONDENSOR WITH THE HELP OF CIRCULATING
WATERPUMP. THE LOSS IS MADE UP FROM RAW WATER PUMP HOUSE THROUGH
CALORIFIER PUMP HOUSE.


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BOILER FEED PUMP


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BRIEF EXPLANATION

1. WAGON TIPPLER:-THE MACHINE WHICH IS USED TO TIP THE COAL FROM THE
WAGON. THE COAL TIPPED IS DIRECTLY FED TO CONVEYOR BELT. ITS CAPICITY IS 12
WAGON PER HOUR.IT ROTATES THE WAGON TIPPLER AT AN ANGLE OF 140.

2. CRUSHER:-IT CRUSHES THE COAL INTO SMALL PIECES.

3.COAL MILLS:-IN IT SMALL PIECES OF COAL ARE CONVERTED INTO PULVERISED FORM.
THEY ARE 6 IN NUMBER.

4. FURNACE:-IT IS THE CHAMBER IN WHICH FUEL BURNS.

5. BOILER DRUM:-IT CONTAINS WATER FOR BOILING.

6.ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR:-IN THIS WE HAVE ELECTRODES WHICH ATTRACTS FLY
ASH AND EXTRACT IT FROM FLUE GASES SO THAT IT CAN NOT ENTER ATMOSPHERE.

7. CHIMNEY:-IT IS USED TO RELEASE FLUE GASES INTO THE ATMOSPHERE.

8. TURBINE:-TURBINE IS THE PART WHICH REVOLVES DUE TO STEAM PRESSURE.IT IS OF
THREE TYPES:

a)HIGH PRESSURE TURBINE

b)INTERMEDIATE PRESSURE TURBINE.

c)LOW PRESSURE TURBINE.

9.TURBO GENERATOR:-IT IS THE MAIN MACHINE WHICH PRODUCES 250 MW
ELECTRICITY. IT IS WATER AND H2(HYDROGEN) GAS COOLED. THEREFORE IT IS
CONTAINED IN CYLINDRICAL CHAMBER.


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10.CONDENSOR:-IT CONDENSES STEAM COMING FROM LOW PRESSURE TURBINE(L.P.T.)
TO HOT WATER.

11.COOLING WATER (C.W.) PUMP :-THIS PUMP SEND WATER FROM COOLING TOWER
TO CONDENSOR.

12.COOLING TOWER:-IT IS USED TO COOL THE WATER ITS HEIGHT IS NEAR ABOUT 143.5
mtr.

13.RAW WATER PUMP HOUSE :-IT SUPPLIES RAW WATER TO THE BOILER.

14.CLEARIFIER PUMP HOUSE:-THE WATER FROM RAW IS CLEARED AT CLEARIFIER BY
PUTTING ALUM IN IT & FILTERING IT & THEN SUPPLIED TO THE CONDENSOR.

15.CONDENSATE EXTRACTION PUMP:- C.E.P. PUMP IS USED TO EXTRACT THE
CONDENSE WATER FROM THE HOT WELL AND SUPPLY TO THE DEAREATER AFTER
PASSING THROUGH L.P. HEATER & ECONOMISER,SO THAT HIGH PRESSURE STEAM IN
THE CYLINDER CAN BE CREATED.

16.LOW PRESSURE HEATER:-IT IS USED TO INCREASE THE TEMPERATURE OF WATER, IN
THIS WAY EFFICIENCY OF SYSTEM INCREASES.

17. DEAREATER:-IT IS USED TO REMOVE AIR FROM WATER, WHICH IS ENTRAPPED IN
THE WATER MOLECULES. IT IS VERY IMPORTANT PART BECAUSE THE ENTRAPPED AIR
EFFECT THE STEAM VERY BADLY AND IN TURN THE BIOLER PIPES GET RUPRTURED.

18. BOILER FEED PUMP(B.F.P.):-IT IS THE HEAVIEST DRIVE IN THE PLANT & SUPPLY
WATER TO BOILER DRUM FROM DEAREATER.

19. HIGH PRESSURE HEATER(H.P.):-IN THIS TEMPERATURE OF WATER INCREASES, THUS
EFFICIENCY FURTHER INCREASES.


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20. ECONOMISER:-IN THIS FLUE GASES EXCHANGE HEAT TO THE WATER TO INCREASE
SYSTEM EFFICIENCY.

GENERAL WORKING DIAGRAM


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6.6 KV CIRCUIT BREAKER

A CIRCUIT BREAKER IS A DEVICE WHICH:-
MAKES or BREAKS a circuit either manually or by remote control under normal
conditions.
BREAKS A CIRCUIT AUTOMATICALLY UNDER FAULT CONDITIONS.
THUS A CIRCUIT BREAKER IS JUST A SWITCH WHICH CAN BE OPERATED UNDER NORMAL
& ABNORMAL CONDITIONS BOTH AUTOMATIC OR MANUALLY. TO PERFORM THIS
OPERATION, A CIRCUIT BREAKER IS ESSENTIAL CONSISTING OF FIXED AND MOVING
CONTACTS CALLED ELECTODES. WHEN A FAULT OCCURES ON POWER SYSTEM, THE TRIP
COIL OF CIRCUIT BREAKERIS ENERGISED WHICH PULLS APART MOVING CONTACTS,
THUS OPEN THE CIRCUIT DC SUPPLY IS USED FOR THE OPERATION OF CIRCUIT
BREAKER.ON THE BASIS OF MEDIUM USED FOR A EXTINCTION THE CIRCUIT BREAKER
ARE CLASSIFIED AS :

OIL CIRCUIT BREAKERS
AIR BLAST CIRCUIT BREAKER
SULPHER HEXAFLUORIDE CIRCUIT BREAKER.

OIL CIRCUIT BREAKER

IT IS WELL KNOWN THAT WHEN A CIRCUIT CARRYING A LARGE CURRENT IS BROKEN, AN
ARC OCCURS AT THAT POINT WHERE THE CONTACTS ARE SEPARATE, THE ARCING IS
SPECIALLY SEVERE WHEN HIGH VOLTAGES ARE INVOLVED AND IF A SHORT CIRCUIT
OCCURS ON A HIGH VOLTAGE CABLE WHICH IS SUPPLIED FROM LARGE POWER
STATION. THE ARC WOULD BE POWERFUL TO BRIDGE THE CONTACTS OF THE SWITCH
AND DESTROY IT BY BURNING. THE DEVICE IS EMPLOYED AS AN OIL BREAKER. AN OIL
BREAKER POSSES THE PROPERTY OF ALWAYS BREAKING AN ALTERNATIVE CURRENT AT
ITS ZERO VALUE.

THESE SWITCHES ARE SUITABLE FOR A MAXIMUM VOLTAGE OF 6.6 KV. THE CONTACTS
OF THESE SWITCHES, WHICH BREAKS HIGH TENSION CIRCUIT, ARE IMMERSED IN OIL TO
ENSURE RAPID & EFFECTIVE RAPTURE OF THE CIRCUIT. WHEN THE ARC OCCURS, THE
OIL IN ITS PATH IS VAPORISED AND THE GAS THEREBY GENERATED EXTRACT A
PRESSURE ON THE SURRROUNDING OIL. THIS PRESSURE IS UTILISED IN ARC
CONTROLLED DEVICES TO CAUSE A MOVEMENT OF FRESH COOL OIL ACROSS THE PATH
OF THE ARC, THEREBY EFFICIENTLY ASSISTING ITS INTERRUPTION.

SPECIFICATION:-

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LOW OIL CIRCUIT BREAKER

TYPE E7531/10.
VOLTAGE:- 6.6/11KV
CURRENT:- 3150 A.
FREQUENCY:- 50HZ
SHORT TIME CURRENT:- 50/35KA FOR 1/3 S
BREAKING CURRENT:- 44/39.4KA
WEIGHT:- 350KGS

TYPE: - E7512/10.
VOLTAGE:- 6.6/11KV
CURRENT:- 1250A
FREQUENCY:- 50HZ
SHORT TIME CURRENT:- 50/40KA FOR 1/3S
WEIGHT:- 210KGS

TYPE:- E7525/10
VOLTAGE:- 6.6/11 KV
CURRENT:- 2500A
FREQUENCY:- 50HZ
SHORT TIME CURRENT:- 50/35KA FOR 1/3S
WEIGHT:- 220KGS

INDEX

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INCOMER
TIE
LOAD
1250 A CIRCUIT BREAKER

III-A
1. DUMMY FOR TIE TO 5 A
2. TIE TO 5 A
3. DUMMY FOR TIE TO C-11-A
4. TIE TO C-II A
5. R.W.T. III
6. F.O.T. IIIA
7. BUS P.T
8. S.S.T. IIIA
9. S.B.T. IIA
10. TO C.H.S. IIIA
11. C.M.8A, 340KW, 325A
12. I.D.F.M. 5B, 130 KW, 147.5A
13. ASH WATER RECOVERY T/F.
14. H.P.W.P.M. IIIB, 260KW, 29A
15. H.P.W.P.M. IIIA, 260KW, 29A
16. C.W.P.M. 3C, 1265KW. 140A
17. A.H.T. IIIA.
18. C.L.M.T. IIIA.
19. B.C.W.P.M. IIIB, 135KW, 38A
20. B.C.W.P.M. IIIA, 335KW, 38A
21. INCOMER
22. DUMMY FOR INCOMER
23. TIE FOR UNIT 6A

III-B

TIE TO UNIT 6B
DUMMY FOR INCOMER
INCOMER
B.C.W.P.M. IIIC, 335 KW,38A.

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B.C.W.P.M. IIID, 335KW, 38A
C.L.W.T. IIIB
A.H.T. IIIB
H.P.W.P.M. IIIC, 260KW, 29A.
H.P.W.P.M. IIID, 260KW, 29A.
H.P.W.P.M. IIIE, 260KW, 29A
SPARE MOTOR
E.P.T.
C.M. 8B, 340KW, 325A,
C.H.S.
S.B.T. IIIB
S.S.T. IIIB
BUS P.T.
F.O.T. IIIB
B.F.P.M. IIIB, 3500KW, 360A.
TIE TO C- II B
DUMMY FOR TIE TO C II B
TIE TO 5B
DUMMY FOR TIE TO 5B.

INDEX

5(A )

U.S.T.-5
E.P.T.-5A
BUS P.T.
B.F.P.M.-5 A,3500 KW,360
P.A.F.M-5 A, 1250 KW, 132 A
F.D.F.M.-5 A,750 KW,80.2 A
P.M.-5 A,340 KW,40.7 A
P.M.-5B,340 KW,40.7A
P.M.-5C,340KW,40.7A
10. I.D.F.M.-5A, 1300KW, 147.5A
11. RECT. T/F
12. C.W.M.-5A, 500KW, 525A
13. C.W.P.M.-5A, 265KW, 140A
14. INCOMER
15. DUMMY FOR INCOMER
16. TIE TO SSIII-A
17. DUMMY FOR TIE TO SSIII-A


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5(B)

DUMMY FOR TIE TO SSIII-B
TIE TO SSIII-B
DUMMY FOR INCOMER
INCOMER
C.W.P.M.-5B,265KW,140A
C.P.M.-5B,500KW,525A
11KW,TEMPORARY SUPPLY
I.D.F.M.-5C,1300KW,147.5A
P.M.-5D,340KW,40.7A
P.M.-5E,340KW,40.7A
P.M.-5F,340KW,40.7A
F.D.F.M.-5B,750KW,80.2A
P.A.F.M.-5B,1250KW,132A
B.F.P.M.-5C,3500KW,360A
BUS P.T.
E.P.T.-5B
SPARE MOTOR


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MOTORS

HIGH TENSION MOTOR

HIGH TENSION MOTORS OPERATED AT HIGH VOLTAGES

IN TAU DEVI LAL THERMAL POWER STATION(P.T.P.S), THESE MOTORS ARE OPERATED AT
6.6KV.
SOME OF THESE MOTORS ARE AS FOLLOWS:-

CIRCULATING WATER(C.W.) PUMP MOTORS:-

a)SPECIFICATIONS:-

MAKE B.H.E.L.
CAPACITY(K.W.)- 1265
RATED VOLTAGE(VOLTS)- 6600
RATED R.P.M.- 493
RATED CURRENT- 140A
CONNECTIONS- STAR
DUTY- CONTINUOUS
INSULATION CLASS- F
INSTALLATION POSITION- VERTICAL
QUANTITY- 3

b).FUNCTION:- C.W. PUMP IS USED TO CIRCULATE COOLING WATER TO THE
CONDENSERS SO THAT LOW PRESSURE STEAM IN THE CYLINDER CAN BE CONVERTED
INTO WATER.


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2.C.E.P. PUMP MOTOR:-

a).SPECIFICATIONS:-

MAKE- B.H.E.L
CAPACITY- 500KW
RATED VOLTAGE- 6600V
RATED R.P.M.- 1482
RATED CURRENT- 52.8A
CONNECTIONS- STAR
DUTY-(2 WORKING,1STANDBY) CONTINUOUS
INSULATION CLASS- F
INSULATION POSITION- VERTICAL
QUANTITY- 3

b).FUNCTION:-C.E.P.PUMP IS USED TO EXTRACT THE CONDENSE WATER FROM THE HOT
WELL AND SUPPLY TO THE DEAREATOR AFTER PASSING THROUGH L.P. HEATER&
ECONOMISIER,SO THAT HIGH PRESSURE STEAM IN THE CYLINDER CAN BE CREATED.

3.BOILER FEED PUMP(B.F.P.) MOTOR:-

a).SPECIFICATIONS:-
MAKE- B.H.E.L.
CAPACITY- 3500KW
RATED VOLTAGE- 6600VOLTS
RATED CURRENT- 360A
RATED R.P.M.- 1481
CONNECTIONS- STAR
DUTY(2 WORKING,1 STANDBY)- CONTINUOUS
INSULATION CLASS- F
QUANTITY- 3

b).FUNCTION:-ITS FUNCTION IS TO SUPPLY THE WATER TO THE BOILER DRUM. IT TAKES
WATER FROM THE DEAREATOR BY CREATING STRONG SUCTION. IT IS THE BIGGEST
MOTOR IN THE PLANT.


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4.COAL MILL MOTOR:-

a). SPECIFICATIONS:-
MAKE- B.H.E.L.
RATED VOLTAGE- 6600V
CAPACITY- 340KW
RATED R.P.M.- 992
RATED CURRENT- 40.7A
CONNECTIONS- STAR
DUTY- CONTINUOUS
INSULATION CLASS- F
INSTALLATION POSITION HORIZONTAL
QUANTITY- 6

b).FUNCTIONS:-ITS FUNCTION IS TO GRIND THE COAL PIECES TO FINE POWDER
(PULVERISED) FORM i.e. UPTO SIZE OF 25 MICRON.

5.COAL CRUSHER :-
i).MAKE- N.G.F.E
ii).CAPACITY- 600KW
iii).RATED VOLTAGE- 6600V
iv).RATED R.P.M.- 747
v).RATED CURRENT- 72A
vi). CONNECTIONS- STAR
vii).QUANTITY- 2

B).FUNCTION:-ITS FUNCTION IS TO CRUSH THE BIG SIZE COAL PIECES TO A SIZE OF
25MILI METER SQUARE, WHICH ARE THAN CARRIED TO BUNKERS THROUGH CONVEYOR
BELT.


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6. PRIMARY AIR FAN MOTOR:-

SPECIFICATIONS:

i).MAKE- B.H.E.L.
ii).CAPACITY (K.W.)- 1250
iii).RATED VOLTAG (VOLTS)- 6600
v).RATED CURRENT (AMPS)- 132
vi).CONNECTIONS- STAR
vii).DUTY- CONTINUOUS
viii).INSULATION CLASS- F
ix).QUANTITY- 3

b).FUNCTION:- ITS FUNCTION IS TO CARRY PULVERIZED COAL FROM THE COAL MILL TO
THE FURNACE FOR ITS IGNITION. IT CREATES STRONG DRAFT OF AIR THAT CARRIES
PULVERIZED COAL.

7). FORCE DRAUGHT (F.D.) FAN MOTOR:-
i).MAKE- B.H.E.L.
ii).CAPACITY- 750KW
v).RATED CURRENT- 80.2A
vi).CONNECTION- STAR
ix).QUANTITY- 2

b).FUNCTION:-F.D. FAN IS USED TO SUPPLY FRESH AIR TO THE FURNACE FOR THE
PROPER IGNITION OF COAL INTO THE FURNACE.

8). INDUCED DRAFT (I.D.) FAN
i).MAKE- B.H.E.L.
ii).CAPACITY- 1300KW
v).RATED CURRENT- 147.5A
vi).CONNECTION- STAR
ix).QUANTITY- 3


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b).FUNCTION:-ITS FUNCTION IS TO DISCHARGE FLUE GASES TO THE ATMOSPHERE
THROUGH THE CHIMNEY AFTER PASSING THROUGH THE PRECIPITATOR.

9.BEARING COOLING WATER PUMP MOTOR:-

a).SPECIFICATION:-

i).MAKE- B.H.E.L.
ii).CAPACITY- 335KW
iii)RATED VOLTAGE- 6600V
v).-CONNECTION- STAR
vi).INSULATION CLASS- F
vii).INSTALLATION POSITION- HORIZONTAL

b).FUNCTION:-IT SUPPLY COOLING WATER TO THE MOTOR &OTHER AUXILLARY FOR
COOLING PUPOSES & OTHER AUXILLARY FOR COOLING PURPOSES.

LOW TENSION MOTOR

LOW TENSION MOTORS ARE THOSE WHICH AREOF 415V. THEY ARE MAINLY USED IN
H.T.MOTOR AUXILLARY.

1. B.C.W. DRAIN MOTOR:-

a).SPECIFICATION:-

i).CAPACITY- 136KW
ii).RATED R.P.M.- 987
iii).RATED CURRENT- 43A
iv).FREQUENCY- 50HZ
v).MAKE- KIRILOSKER
vi).INSULATION CLASS- B

b)FUNCTION:- IT PUMP THE B.C. WATER TO THE SUMP.


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2. SEAL WATER PUMP MOTOR:-

a).SPECIFICATION:-

i). CAPACITY- 25KW
ii). RATED R.P.M.- 1479
iii) RATED CURRENT 43A
iv) FREQUENCY - 50HZ
v). PHASE- 3
vi). MAKE NGEF
vii). INSULATION CLASS B

b).FUNCTION IT PROVIDES A LAYER OF WATER TO THE LOWER POSITION OF BOILER
IN ORDER TO SEAL IT FROM THE ENTRY OF ATMOSPHERIC AIR.

3. SEAL WATER VAPOUR EXHAUST FAN:-

SPECIFICATIONS

CAPACITY 1.5 KW
RATED R.P.M. 6205
RATED CURRENT 3.1A
FREQUENCY 50HZ
PHASE 3
MAKE KIRLOSKER
INSULATION CLASS B

FUNCTION- IT PREVENTS THE ENTRY OF AIR BUBBLES IN THE TURBINE CYLINDER BY
PROVIDING THE OPPOSITE PUSH.


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4. CENTRIFUGE PUMP MOTOR:-

a). SPECIFICATIONS

i). CAPACITY 7.5KW
ii). RATED R.P.M- 1440
iii). RATED CURRENT- 14.
iv). FREQUENCY 50HZ
v). PHASE 3
vi). MAKE CROMPTON GREAVES
vii). INSULATION CLASS B

FUNCTION TO CENTRIFUGE THE VAPOUR THAT ENTERS BY CHANGE IN TURBINE AN
REMOVE THEM

5. ASH SLURRY PUMP MOTOR:

a).SPECIFICATIONS

CAPACITY 100KW
RATED R.P.M. 1485
RATED CURRENT 176
FREQUENCY 50HZ.
PHASE - 3
MAKE NGEF
INSULATION CLASS B

b). FUNCTION TO PUMP ASH SLURRY TO THE ASH DISPOSAL AREA.


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6. EMERGENCY OIL PUMP:

a). SPECIFICATIONS

CAPACITY 15 KW
RATED R.P.M. 1425
RATED CURRENT 125
FREQUENCY N.A. (DC)
PHASE NOT APPLICABLE

b).FUNCTION TO PROVIDE OIL TO THE SHAFT AND BEARING OF THE TURBINE IF SEAL
OIL PUMP AND TAKING OIL PUMP FAILS.

7. RAW WATER MOTOR PUMP:

SPECIFICATIONS-
i).CAPACITY- 90KW
iv).FREQUENCY- 50HZ
vi).PHASE- 3
vii).MAKE- KIRLOSKER
viii).INSULATION CLASS- B

b).FUNCTION-IT IS USE TO PUMP RAW WATER FROM THE LAKE TO THE PLANT.

INSTUMENT AIR COMPRESSOR:-

a).SPECIFICATIONS:-
i).CAPACITY- 105KW
ii).RATED R.P.M- 1485
iv).FREQUENCY- 50HZ
v).PHASE- 3
vi).MAKE- KIRLOSKER
vii).INSULATION CLASS- B

b).FUNCTION- IT IS USED TO COMPRESS THE AIR USED TO CONTROL PNEUMATIC
CONTROLLED INSTRUMENTS AT A PRESSURE 6 TO 7 Kg/Cm cube.


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9.SERVICE AIR COMPRESSOR:-

a). SPECIFICATIONS-

i).CAPACITY- 30KW
iv).FREQUENCY- 50HZ
v).PHASE- 3
vi).MAKE- NGEF

b).FUNCTION- ITS FUNCTION IS SIMILAR TO INSTRUMENT AIR
COMPRESSOR.

10.CLARIFIER WATER PUMP MOTOR-

a).SPECIFICATION-
i)CAPACITY- 30KW
ii).RATED R.P.M- 1470
iv).FREQUENCY- 50HZ
v).PHASE- 3
vi).MAKE- CROMPTON

b).FUNCTION- IT PUMP THE FILTERED WATER FROM CLEARIFIER TO D.M. WATER
TREATMENT PLANT.


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TRANSFORMERS

THE TRANSFORMER IS THE MOST CONVENIENT & ECONOMICAL DEVICE FOR TRANSFER
OF POWER FROM ONE VOLTAGE TO ANOTHER VOLTAGE AT THE SAME FREQUENCY. IT
WORKS ON THE PRINCIPLE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION. THERE IS HARDLY ANY
INSTALLATION WITHOUT A TRANSFORMER.DUE TO THIS EQUIPMENT,IT HAS BEEN
POSSIBLE TO TRANSMIT BULK POWER TO LOAD CENTERS FROM FAR OFF POWER
HOUSES AND TO VARIOUS MACHINERIES AND SWITCHGEARS OF THE POWER PLANT.
TRANSFORMERS ARE OF TWO TYPES:-

#STEP-UP TRANSFORMER - WHICH STEP-UP THE VOLTAGE AT SECONDRY SIDE CALLED
STEP-UP TRANSFORMER.

#STEP-DOWN TRNSFORMER- WHICH STEP-DOWN THE VOLTAGE AT SECONDRY SIDE
ARE CALLED STEP-DOWN TRANSFORMER.

MAIN PARTS OF POWER TRANSFORMERS

# PRIMARY WINDING
# SECONDRY WINDING
# OIL TANK
# DRAIN COKE
# CONSERVATOR
# BRETHER
# TUBES FOR COOLING
# TRNSFORMER OIL
# EARTH POINT
# EXPLOSION VENT
# TEMPERATURE GAUGE
# BUCHHOLZ RELAY
# PRIMARY TERMINALS
# SECONDARY TERMINALS


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26

ACCESSORIES OF TRANSFORMERS

1.OIL CONSERVATOR:-
OIL CONSERVATOR IS A DRUM MOUNTED ON THE TOP OF TRANSFORMER. A LEVEL
INDICATOR IS FIXED ON IT, WHICH GIVES ALARM AT LOW LEVEL. CONSERVATOR IS
CONNECTED THROUGH A PIPE TO THE TRANSFORMER TANK CONTAINING OIL. THIS OIL
EXPANDS & CONTRACT DEPENDING UPON THE HEAT PRODUCED & SO THE OIL LEVEL IN
CONSERVATOR IS LEFT OPEN TO THE ATMOSPHERE THROUGH A BREATHER SO THAT
THE EXTRA AIR MAY GO OUT OR COME IN.

2.BREATHER:-
THE BREATHER IS A BOX CONTAINING CALCIUM CHLORIDE OR SILICA GEL TO ABSORB
MOISTURE OF OUR ENTERING THE CONSERVATOR AS IT IS WELL KNOWN FACT THAT
THE INSULATING PROPERTY OF THE TRANSFORMERS OIL IS LOST IF A SMALL AMOUNT
OF MOISTURE ENTERS IN IT. SO DRY AIR IS ALLOWED TO PASS THROUGH THE
BREATHER.WHEN OIL LEVRL IN OIL CONSERVATOR CHANGES, AIR MOVES IN & OUT OF
THE CONSERVATOR. THIS ACTION IS KNOWN AS BREATHING. DRY SILICA GEL IS OF THE
BLUE COLOR. IT TURNS PALE PINK AS IT ABSORBS MOISTURE . THE WET SILICA GEL CAN
BE REGENERATED BY DRYING.

3.BUCHHOLZ RELAY:-
THIS RELAY IS A GAS-ACTUATED RELAY WHICH IS MEANT FOR THE PROTECTING OF OIL
IMMERSED TRANSFORMER FROM INSULATION FAILURE, CORE HEATING OR ANY TYPE
OF INTERNAL FAULT WHICH MAY CAUSE THE HEATING OF OIL BEYOND THE SPECIFIED
TEMP. DUE TO ANY INTERNAL FAULT, OIL IS HEATED UP & OIL VAPOUR SO FORMED
CAUSES EITHER THE ALARM CIRCUIT(FOR SMALL FAULT) OR TRIP THE CIRCUIT(FOR
SEVERE FAULT).

4.EXPLOSION VENT:-
IT IS ALSO A SAFETY DEVICE OF THE TRANSFORMER WHICH PROTECTS THE
TRANSFORMER TANK FROM GASES INDUCED BY & ANY TYPE OF SHORT CIRCUIT IN THE
TRANSFORMER. THIS CONSIST OF A VERTICAL PIPE CLOSED BY A DIAPHRAGM MADE OF
THIN BAKELITE SHEET. THIS DIAPHRAGM BURST OR SLIDES OUT IN CASE OF ABNORMAL
PRESSURE INSIDE THE TANK. A DIVERTER PLATE IS USED AT THE BOTTOM OF THE
EXPLOSION VENT TO ENSURE THAT GASES PROUDCE INSIDE THE TRANSFORMER ARE
DIRECTED TOWARD THE BUCHHOLZ RELAY & DONT GET COLLECTED INSIDE THE
VENTILATION AND EQUILISE THE PRESSURE ON EACH SIDE OF THE DIVERTER PLATE.


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27

5.TEMP. INDICATOR:-
IT IS ALSO A PROTECTIVE DEVICE FITTED TO THE TRANSFORMER TO INDICATE TEMP.OF
TRANSFORMER OIL. FOR MEASURING TEMP. OF THE OIL, BULB OF THE VAPOUR
PRESSURE TYPE THERMOMETER IS PLACED IN THE HOT OIL & DIAL OF THE
THERMOMETER IS MOUNTED OUTSIDE THE TANK. TWO INDICATING POINTERS BLACK
AND RED ARE PROVIDED. ALARM CONTACTS ARE ALSO PROVIDED WHICH COME INTO
ACTION WHEN PREDETERMINED PERMISSIBLE HIGHER TEMPARATURE IS REACHED
UNDER ABNORMAL OPERATING CONDITIONS.

6.BUSHING:
THE BUSHING SERVE AS SUPPORTS AND INSULATION OF THE BUS BARS AND
TRANSFORMER TERMINAL. THE BUSHING CONSISTS OF PROCELAIN SHELL BODY, UPPER
AND LOWER LOCATING WASHER USED FOR FIXING THE POSITION OF BUSH BAR AND
MOUNTING FLANGE WITH THE HOLE DRILLED FOR FIXING BOLT AND IT IS SUPPLIED
WITH AN EARTHING BOLT.

7. MAGANETIC OIL GAUGE:-
THE MAGANETIC OIL LEVEL GAUGE SUPERVISES THE LEVEL OF OIL IN THE
CONSERVATOR TANK. THE OIL LEVEL GAUGE IS PROVIDED ON THE TRANSFORMER ARE
OF DIAL TYPE WITH MINIMUM AND MAXIMUM LEVEL MARKING AND A POINTER
WHICH INDICATE THE LEVEL OF OIL IN THE CONSERVATER. SOMETIME THE SCALE IS
ALSO GRADUATED FOR OIL TEMPERATURE ON THE BASIS OF ITS LEVEL.

8. TAP CHANGER:
THE VOLTAGE CONTROL OF TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS IS OBTAINED
BY TAP CHANGER. TAP CHANGER ARE EITHER ON LOAD OR OFF LOAD TAP CHANGER.
TAP CHANGER IS FITTED WITH THE TRANSFORMER FOR ADJUSTING SECONDARY
VOLTAGE.


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28

IMPORTANT TRANSFORMERS IN THE PLANT

1. GENERATOR TRANSFORMER (240 MVA, 16.6 KV/220KV)

IT CONVERTS 15.75 KV WHICH IS SUPPLIED FROM GENERATOR 220KV AND SUPPLIED IT
TO THE BUS BAR/ GRID.

2. STATION SERVICE TRANSFORMER (40MVA, 220KV/7KV)

IT CONVERTS 220KV WHICH IS COMING TO STATION FROM BBMB TO 7KV AND FED TO
STATION AUXILIARY.

3. UNIT AUXILIARY TRANSFORMER (15MVA, 16.6KV/7KV)

IT CONVERTS 16.6KV WHICH IS SUPPLIED FROM GENERATOR TO 7KV TO FED UNIT
AUXILIARY.

SWITCHYARD COMPONENTS

1. SWITCH-GEAR

SWITCH GEAR IS A CONTROL SWITCH THAT CONTROLS THE OPERATION OF A POWER
CIRCUIT. THE TWO FUCNTION OF A SWITCH IN POWER SYSTEMS ARE

i). TO PERMIT THE TRANSMISSION LINES TO BE PUT INTO AND TAKEN OUT FROM
SERVICE.
ii). TO DISABLE PARTS AND LINES WHEN THEY BECOME FAULTY, TO RAPIDLY AND
SAFELY ISOLATE BY AUTOMATIC MEANS.

THE FIRST OF THESE CAN BE ACHIEVED BY RELATIVELY SIMPLE SWITCHES .THE SECOND
HOWEVER REQUIRES CIRCUIT BREAKERS, WHICH ARE MORE ROBUST & CAPABLE OF
BREAKING THE LARGE VALUE OF FAULT CURRENT THAT RESULTS IN LOSS OF POWER
SUPPLY. SINCE ALL PLANTS AND LINES ARE LIABLE TO DEVELOP FAULTS AS A RESULTS OF
MECHANICAL DAMAGE, ELECTRICAL BREAKDOWN, ERRORS IN OPERATION etc. THE
SIMPLE ISOLATORS SWITCH IN FAVOUR OF AUTOMATIC CIRCUIT BREAKERS EVEN FOR
SWITCHING FUNCTION.
THE WHOLE SWITCHGEAR ASSEMBLY CONSISTS OF TWO PARTS:-


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29

A.PANEL- PANEL CONSISTS OF PROTECTIVE RELAYS, MOUNTING OF POTENTIAL
TRANSFORMER,CURRENT TRANSFORMER,AMMETER,VOLTMETER & ENERGY METER.
THE POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER IS MOUNTED ON THE PANEL. THE PRIMARY IS
CONNECTED TO 11KV & THE REDUCE VOLTAGE FROM THE SECONDARY IS GIVEN TO
ENERGY METER AS LINE VOLTAGES & FOR PROTECTIVE PURPOSES.

B.TROLLY- THE TROLLY CONSISTS OF CURRENT CARYING CONTACTS CALLED
ELECTRODES. THESE ARE NORMALLY ENGAGED BUT IN PREDETERMINED CONDITIONS,
SEPARATE TO INTERRUPT THE CIRCUIT, WHEN THE CONTACTS ARE MADE.

2 BUS BAR ARRANGEMENT

CONDUCTORS TO WHICH A NUMBER OF CIRCUITS ARE CONNECTED CALLED BUS BARS.
IN POWER PLANTS, SHUT DOWN RESULTS DISSCONECTION OF SUPPLY TO A LARGE
AREA. HENCE TO AVOID SHUT DOWN ,THE PLANTS SHOULD HAVE ELABORATED BUS
BAR ARRANGEMENTS WITH DUPLICATE BUSES, ALTERNATIVE SUPPLY ARRANGEMENT
SECTION etc. THE EXTRA HIGH VOLTAGE EQUIPMENTS SUCH AS ISOLATORS, CIRCUIT
BREAKER ARE GENERALLY COSTLY HENCE UNNECESSARY EQUIPMENT SHOULD NOT BE
PROVIDED.

SINGLE BUS BAR ARRANGEMENT:-
THE SINGLE ARRANGEMENT CONSISITS OF A SINGLE (THREE PHASE) BUS BAR TO
WHICH VARIOUS FEEDERS ARE CONNECTED. IN CASE OF FAULT OR MAINTENANCE OF
BUS, THE ENTIRE BUS BAR HAS TO BE DE-ENERGISED AND THE TOTAL SHUTDOWN
RESULTS. THIS SCHEME IS MOST ECONOMICAL AND SIMPLE.

DOUBLE BUS BAR ARRANGEMENT:-
THE DOUBLE BUS SYSTEMS PROVIDE ADDITONAL FLEXIBILITY, CONTINUITY OF SUPPLY
AND PERMIT PERIODIC MAINTENANCE. IN THE EVENT OF FAULT ON THE BUS BAR THE
OTHER BUS CAN BE USED .THERE ARE TWO BUSES CALLED MAIN BUS AND RESEVE BUS .
THE COUPLER CAN BE CLOSED SO AS TO CONNECT TWO BUSES WHILE TRNASFERRING
THE POWER TO THE RESERVE BUS.


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30

3 LIGHTING ARRESTER

A LIGHTING ARRESTER IS DEVICE, WHICH PROVES LOW IMPEDANCE PATH FOR THE
FLOW OF CURRENT BETWEEN THE LINE AND EARTH WHEN THE SYSTEMS VOLTAGE
INCREASES MORE THAN THE DESIRE VALUE AND REGAINS ITS ORIGINAL PROPERTIES OF
AN INSULATOR AT NORMAL VOLTAGE. IT IS CONNECTED BETWEEN LINE AND EARTH
AT THE SWITH YARD NEAR THE TRANSFORMER.
THE LIGHTING ARRESTERS ARE EXTENSIVELY USED FOR PROTECTION OF
TRANSFORMERS, SWITH GEARS AND ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENTS OF OVER HEAD LINES,
POWER HOUSES AND SUB-STATION . THESE ARE ALSO USE TO PROTECT THE LINE AND
EQUIPMENTS FROM SKYLIGHTING.FOLLOWING ARE THE MAIN TYPE OF LIGHTING
ARRESTERS-
1. HORN GAP LIGHTING ARRESTER.
2. EXPULSION TYPE LIGHTING ARRESTERS.
3. OXIDE FILM LIGHTING ARRESTER.
4. PELLET LIGHTING ARRESTER
5. THYRITE LIGHTING ARRESTER.
6. AUTO VALUE LIGHTING ARRESTER.

EXPULSION TYPE LIGHTING ARRESTER

IT CONSISTS OF
A TUBE MADE OF FIBRE WHICH IS VERY EFFECTIVE GAS EVOLVING MATERIALS.
AN ISOLATING SPARK GAP ( OR EXTERNAL SERIES GAP)
AN INTERRUPTING SPARK GAP INSIDE THE FIBRE TUBE.
DURING OPERATION, ARC DUE TO IMPULSE SPARK OR INSIDE THE FIBROUS TUBE
CAUSES SOME FIBRE MATERIAL OF THE TUBE VOLTISE IN FORM OF GAS, WHICH IS
EXPELLED THROUGH A VENT FROM THE BOTTOM OF THE TUBE, THUS EXTINGUISHING
THE ARC JUST LIKE IN CIRCUIT BREAKER. SINCE THE GASES GENERATED HAVE TO BE
EXPELLED, ONE OF THE ELECTRODE IS HOLLO AND DIVERTER IS OPEN AT ITS LOWER
END.

THYRITE LIGHTING ARRESTER:-

THIS TYPE OF LIGHTING ARRESTER CONSISTS OF NUMBER OF DISCS OF INORGANIC
CERAMIC COMPOUND. THESE DISCS ARE PLACED IN A SERIES HAVING SOME GAPS IN
BETWEEN THEM AND ARE SEALED IN A PROCELAIN TUBE. THIS TUBE HAS MATELLIC CAP
AND ELECTRODES AT ITS END.
THE COMPOUND USED FOR DISCS SERVE AS AN INSULATOR BUT CHAGES TO A GOOD
CONDUCTOR WHEN VOLTAGES ACROSS IT RISES TO A CERTAIN PREDETERMINED VALUE.
IT IS USED UPTO 220KV SYSTEMS.


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31

LIGHTING ARRESTER

250 MW TURBO GENERATOR

GENERAL:-

MODERN FEATURES OF DIRECT COOLING BY WATER & HYDROGEN ARE INCORPORATED
IN THE 250 MW TURBO GENERATOR, THUS EVOLVE AN ECONOMICAL & RELIABLE
DESIGN. THE MACHINE IS PROVIDED WITH A FAST ACTING EXCITATION SYSTEM &
DEPENDABLE AUXILLARY SERVICE TO GIVE PROLONGED TROUBLE FREE OPERATION
OVER THE YEARS. ALL THE MATERIAL THAT GOES INTO THE MANUFACTURE OF THIS
MACHINE SUBJECTED TO VARIOUS TEST AS PER NATIONAL & INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS. EACH COMPONONETS UNDERGOES SERIES OF STAGEWISE TESTS.
DESCRIPTION OF VARIOUS PARTS IS GIVEN BELOW:-


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32

1.STATOR WINDING AND INSULATION:-

THE STATOR HAS A THREE PHASE, DOUBLE LAYER, SHORT CHORDED, BAR TYPE
WINDING, HAVING TWO PARALLEL PATS. EACH COIL SIDE CONSISTS OF GLASS
INSULATED SOLID AND HOLLOW CONDUCTORS WITH COOLING WATER PASSING
THROUGH THE PATTER. THE ELEMENTARY CONDUCTORS ARE ROEBEL TRANSPOSED IN
THE SLOT POETION OF WINDING TO MINIMISE EDDY CURRENT LOSSES.
ADEQUATE PROTECTION IS PROVIDED TO AVOID CORONA & OTHER DISCHARGES. IN
THE SLOTS, THE SIDES ARE FIRMLY HELD IN THE POSITION BY FIBOROUSSLOT WAGES,
WHICH ARE MECHANICALLY STRONG AND HAVE HIGH DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES. THE
OVERHANG PORTION OF THE COIL IS SECURELY LASHED WITH GLASS CHORD TO
BONDAGE RINGS& SPECIAL BRECKETS OF NON MAGNETIC STEEL, WHICH ARE IN TURN
FIXED TO THE CORE PRESS RINGS. ON SHORT CIRCUITS THE FORCES BETWEENTHE
CONDUCTOR TEND TO OPEN THE CONE FORMED BY OVERHANG PORTION OF THE COILS
BUT THE MOVEMENT IS EFFECTIVELY PRESENTED BY SUPPORTS & LASHINGS.

2.DISTILLATE HEADERS OR STATOR WATER HEADER:-

RING TYPE WATER HEADERS, MADE OF COPPER ARE PROVIDED SEPERATELY FOR
DISTILLATE INLET & OUTLET IN THE STATOR ON TURBINE SIDE. THE HEADERS ARE
SUPPORTED ON INSULATORS AND ISOLATED FROM STATOR BODY. THE WINDING ENDS
ARE SOLEDLY SOLDERED INTO THE COIL LUGS WHICH ARE THAN ULTRASONICALLY
TESTED. INDIVIDUAL BARS ARE PROVIDED WITH WATER INLET/OUTLET CONNECTIONS
MADE OF P.T.F.E. HOUSES. THE BAR HEADS ARE INSULATED BY FIBRE MOULDED
CORNERS. THE WINDING SCHEME ALONG WITH THE WATER CONNECTIONS. THE
COMPLETE WATER PATH ASSEMBLTY IS SUBJECTED TO THE RIGID HYDROATIC
PNEUMATIC TESTS AT VARIOUS STAGES TO ENSURE WATER TIGHTNESS AND TO DETECT
BLOCKING OF THE FLOWS PATHS.

3.TERMINAL BUSHINGS :-

WATER COLLED TERMINAL BUSHINGS ARE HOUSED IN THE LOWER PART OF THE
STATOR ON THE SLIP RING SIDE. PROCELAIN INSULATORS ARE PROVIDED TO INSULATE
THE TERMINAL BARS FROM THE STATOR BODY. EFFECTIVE SEALING IS PROVIDED
BETWEEN THE TERMINAL BUSHINGNAND THE STATIR BIDY TO AVOID ANY POSSIBILITY
OF LEAKAGE OF HYDROGEN. TERMINAL BUSHING ARE HOUSED INSIDE A CHAMBER
MADE OF NON MAGNETIC STEEL PLATES. THREE PHASE TERMINALS ARE BROUGHT OUT
TO FACILITATE EXTERNAL CONNECTIONS. THE TERMINAL PLATE OF THE END
TERMINALS, WHERE BUS BAR CONNECTIONS ARE MADE IS SILVER PLATED.
THE TERMINAL BUSHINGS CAN BE REPLACED WITHOUT REMOVING THE STATOR FROM
FOUNDATION. PROVISION IS MADE FOR FIXING THE EXTERNAL BUS DUCTS WITH THE
TERMINAL PLATE.

4.ROTOR:-

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33

THE ROTOR IS OF CYLINDRICAL TYPE SHAFT AND BODY BEING FORGED IN ONE PIECE
FROM CHROMIUM, NICKEL,MOLYBENDUM & VANADIUM STEEL. PRIOR TO MATCHING,
A SERIES OF COMPREHENSIVE ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION AND OTHER TESTS ARE
CARRIED OUT ON ROTOR BYODY AND SHSFT PORTION TO ENSURE OF ANY INTERNAL
DEFECTS. THE ROTOR WITH ALL THE DETAILS ASSEMBLED , DYNAMICALLY BALANCED TO
A HIGH DEGREE OF ACCURACY AND SUBJECTED TO 20% OVER SPEEDING FOR 2
MINUTES ENSURING MECHANICAL STRENGTH.

5.FIELD WINDING:-
THE FIELD WINDING IS MADE FROM HARD DRAWN SILVER BEARING
COPPER. ROTOR WINDING IS HELD IN POSITION AGAINST CENTRIFUGAL FORCES BY
DURALIUM FORCES WEDGES IN THE SLOT PORTION & BY NON MAGNETIC STEEL
RETAINING RINGS IN THE OVER HANG PORTION . GAP PICK UP SYSTEM IS EMPLOYED
FOR DIRECT HYDROGEN COOLING OF ROTOR WINDING. SEVERAL GROUPS OF
VENTILATION DUCTS ARE MULLED ON THE SIDES OF THE ROTOR COIL FOR GAS
PASSAGE. THE ROTOR SLOT WEDGES ARE OF SPECIAL PROFILES WITH ELLIPTICAL HOLES
ROLLED IN TO MATCH THE VENTILATION DUCTS ON THE WINDING STACKS. THE END
WINDINGS ARE INSULATED FROM RINGS WITH THE HELP OF GLASS EPOXY MOULDED
SEGMENTS. COPPER SEGMENTAL TYPE DAMPER WINDING IS PROVIDED IN THE END
ZONE OF ROTOR MORDWS TO PREVENT OVER HEATING OF RETURNING RING S DURING
ASSYMETRICAL & ASYNCHRONOUS OPERATION.

6.SHAFT MOUNTED FANS:-

FOR CIRCULATING THE COOLING GAS INSIDE THE GENSRATOR, TWO PROPELLER TYPE
FANS ARE SHAFT MOUNTED ON THIS & OF ROTOR BODY. FAN HUBS ARE MADE FROM
ALLOY STEEL FORGING AND ARE HOT FITTED ON THE ROTOR SHAFT WITH SUFFICIENT
INTERFERENCE . THE ALLOY STEEL CAST FAN BLADES ARE MACHINED IN THE TAIL
PORTION TO SUIT THE FAN HUB AND HELD IN POSITION WITH THE HELP OF CONICAL
PINS. THE BLADES CAN BE EASILY REMOVED FROM OR ASSEMBLED IN THE FAN HUB.
FAN SHIELDS FIXED TO THE END SHIELDS, GUIDE THE FLOW OF GAS THROUGH THE FAN
SECTIONS.

7.SLIP RINGS:-

THE SLIP RING CONSISTS OF HELLICALLY GROOVED ALLOY STEEL RINGS SHRUNK ON THE
ROTOR SHAFT & INSULATED FROM IT. FOR CONVENIENCE IN ASSEMBLY BOTH THE
RINGS ARE MOUNTED ON A SSINGLE, COMMON STEEL BUSH, WHICH HAS AN
INSULATED JACKET PRE MOULDED ON IT. THE COMPLETE BUSH WITH SLIP RING IS
SHRUNK ON THE ROTOR SHAFTS. THE SLIP RINGS ARE PROVIDED WITH INCLINED HOLES
FOR SELF-VENTILATION. THE HELICAL GROOVES CUT ON THE OUTER SURFACE OF THE
SLIP RINGS IMPROVES BRUSH PERFORMANCE.


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34

TURBO GENERATOR RATINGS

CAPACITY IN KW- 210000
POWER FACTOR- 0.85
CAPACITY IN KVA- 247000
STATOR:-a).15750 V
b).90.60A
ROTOR:-a).310V.
b).2600A
ROTOR R.P.M.- 3000
FREQUENCY- 50HZ
PHASE- 3
CONNECTION- STAR
COOLENT- H2+H2O
NO. OF POLES- 2

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TRAINING REPORT July 27, 2012

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