tIle fLr tn

) e "You

i ~-,:t

of CAFCTNZc

LP'

etter or the PBEe demon tration

h avr I' ceiV8rlfbeo,WE1C ( on our

or or not 1.1 err aLLn,:nci T

['L TrJ~f;BIV"E e 6),

Z I0l'm A:1K S O)\J

if want

JJOY1L1tJ.OTIE:i

e wo

to tion

comm t 9 cr ticisms, a t wou Id h P

Al. flO ." acti ori Co.n.

12 1:3

helve

(,

Cl)ne C

bao k to

() 8 -t 0 d ar e c1fj 0 f\

you to

?

2

r:v of CAE'CnJZ bu ainos s

1

j

1

r,

s

t

\

\1 i

t the Pao i f'Lc Basin

+aken ,

tbe:) rncdin t.he "r-owd i eet." de:noJlc:)tratioll seen, in

t:h.e .\! ic:;tn8nl Vif"E1.r ~ Ln o+her- wo.rds it 'INas a success. orguuisatiou,-, in Chl'=_stchurch we

!ind their CC1Jnterpart2, in Nevi Zealand Ertrongly oPPo2;ed to the policies e. f~:lct that would have been

to t.hcm we ek by the secur.i.t.y precautions

Ou r: meDE;aF;C demanding economic and political

fOT' &11 count.r-ie s , ,~). nuc Lear- free Pac.i.f'Lc , an end to at t.acks on

i-3pirits ! t IJ.B:e~C Chl t ~ ! I

ll1.1DeS arid chanted "PBEC _. Of'f our Backs!"

no t Wt Lcome the PE3EC as warml.y DB Vlie would

number- of policemen who rrot 'between us and the l'BEC

t when tht:) po'l i ce c:lasrled with demons t.r-at.or-s ,

_ F?lVe pl::cnty. o~' support "?O anyone who was hJLLC(', pulled hi.ur, e Lbowed , knocked off

antn.gonistic. Cne demonstrator had to be taken to in r;hc ;c;tomach.

31.1i;

Th!' CrlUn(; of moet conce-rn Via,; the pxe aence of s i.x or more plain clothes

wit h t.he" c):'ov.rCi... It \i"/;::1;:) when an n.tteIn;pt V/,'::'l.[3 IT1Etc1e to evi.cf

Individuals were

Part of their jo"b

to

urri.f O~CTne cl. to ! pLck

the leaders I •

fOl~ }U::.1~'1"rJ.ssElen.t and cJ):"re st ..

to

f:j?aGe if VIe make entirely

will only us

the dernona ur-a

Counc il for Civil LJ:bertic;3 hn~l comp'Lai.ncd .')lJout: some

bd'!'.viouI'; )Crle use of clothes policemen

rmlllbc·rG of un if'or'med men.

rl rnorD.J ... v.i.ct.cr-y fOJ~ us in. the

icC;] 1(Jn1'i and for people in the se multinDtionalE·; and thc; countries +hey

like it, with

,lIiill oont.Lnuc to grow while people

,rJllTT.1JJCr 01.-) gY'CYUpf;) tl:COUIHI t.he w.i.t.h Lnf'orma't i.on

jJJ. th.r:; If yon kT10\N of f?"'T'OUI)S tb.(3.t wou.ld

to VII~ite to U.f311

dona.t.i.ona 't o th{) 1,"V(;I~e a.r·r.:··e~)t(:;d on out

.121 all five

}\,11 f'ace

tu

If

it. wiL'l be greatly appreciated.

'.11 for :YCYJ.:c

t this

from 1975 TJoS. Senate testimony by Admiral Gaddis -

"The one station wh.i.ch has not been built, and for which the ° million

.i s in this progr',m, is a station scheduled for Australia. It VIas budgeted iri 1972. Due to a political problem between factions in Australia it

b . . '.J.J l't . 11 +' . t' t t' II

. ecame .mappr-opro.at.e ,;0 po l lea y press criz.s program at he. arne ••••

"If for rirW reason we fail to get it in Australia, which provides the best coverage of the Indian Ocean, and that is why we want it there, we have al ternate locations in the New Hebrides, New Caledonia and Ln Neil! Zealand under evaluation ••••• !1

IlThey (the Australians) look on it politioally, at least the la$t govermnent felt that they wanted to operate it ifi t were there ••••• we· feel it will go in Australia. But ,ve have to install it this year regardless" (!!)

• Ii •• II •...... .." ••••••

From the US' Air Force r s Four-teerrth Aerospace Force, Ent Air Force Base , Colerado (li'ebruary 1975):

"Oommuru.cat Lons : A secure teletype circuit connects the Nit John site with

the NAVOOMMUNl':'C at Christchurch, New Zealand, 'who in turn relay their data

to the Space Defense Cent.er-, Unsecure completely leased t e Ie type equipment and Circuit links the earner-a site on Mt Jorm vlith the De+achmenf Headquarters at Washdyke, a suburb of' T:hnaru. H

The sig;mificance of this is that; between 1972 2nd 1975, the USAF' changed

over from renting 8.. Post Office oab l e circuit to using +he US Navy Communications Unit at Harewood;1Neec1ons. So much for the latter being the "Vo.i ce of Antarctica' •

• .. • • 41 .... tl' •• or; •• et .. III •

WEEDONS

RNZi\J,l sources confirm that tJ:-lt? US Navy at Weedons, dropped when the

USS Truxtun vias in Wellington, has not been replaced. Lt s stated value Was

~t17 ,000 - its reEJ.i va'Iue is closer to 20,000, the cost of bringing a new one

ir. from the States and erecting it. So it stays a heap of twisted metal in the US Navy's paddock at Weedons. So IT'lloh £:01' the dropping of the aerial

! endanger-Ing I flight s between Harewood and Antarctica.

The lhmual General Meeting of CAFCINZ took place on May 7th in Christchurch IS CORSO hall. It WEI.S nttcmdeCi by about 30 people including several from Wellington. Its timing was chosen to coincide witL the demonstration a.gainst PBEC the following dEW.

The mee t i.ng began with from the retiring chairperson, Bill Rosenberg.

It traced the activities of CAF'CINZ over the y(:;s.r since the previous AGM in ]jaster 1976.

-4-

The main aot i. vi ty of the year was the campaa.gn inst COITL:'1lco, olimaxing

in the ride down to Invercargil1. The crgrlDisation El11d execution, and results, of this campaign were described in some detail. The; cmnpaign against Comalco has shown itself to be vCr'J effective in that it is now virtually universally nccepted that Comalco is a bad deal:; increasingly accepted that it is better

to close it down than to let it oorrtrirrue to drain our power resources; and of cour-se the government Ls now trying to renegotiate the agreement with Coma'Lco ,

Other activities during the year were listed. Involvement in the fight against nuclear warships entering New Zealand ports became CAFCTIiJZ's main activity after the return from Comalco. On this issucCAFCmZ tried \to point out that the basis of the visits was the ANZUS treaty and other military ties VTi th the US.

A watch was kept on developments over the Mt Davy coal proposals. CAFCINZ has had a partial victory· here, but the Japanese government is now pushing further involvement in such schemes.

On nuclear power, CAFC]J\TZ tried to point out the foreign oontrol aspects; that it 11{aS the vested interest of the big mul tinationEus that was pushing it.

US ~ilitary activities in New Zealand were also the subject of vigilance.

The presence of Owen Wilkes in Ohristchurch et'!.rlier in 1976 (he is nov! in Norway) helped here. Demonstrations find pickets I'l,gainst US activities and visits of

US V. LP. 'B were held on five occasions during the year.

The presence of foreign fishing vessels in 1'1. Z, I s fishing gr-ounds is an increasingly controversial iSsue. We researched this issue and kept contact with Looa'I, fishennen. Pickets were held against Japahese ,md Soviet boats in IJyttel ton.

More minor activities durd.ng the year Lnc Luded correspondence about the Kaniere Gold DredgE:) in April 1976; sending a representntive to conferences in Japan and Nahodka (USSR) in August 1976; organising a research sentiriar' in May 1976, keeping a watch on proposals for a nickel sme L ter on tho 'Hest Coast and

of' course there was the E8EC demonstration elsewhere) •

Finally, organisational nVltterswere r-ev Lewed , Wellington C.AI<'CllJZ gave its funds to Students Against Imperialism and CP,NNP,R, The mailing list Q!lS been consolidated. Most iIt1portDntly, CA1},CINZ has had t.hr-oughou t the year strong support in the way of encouragement, Lnf'crrnat.Lon and donations from members. Without these theorgDn;lsation would be pu.rpoee.Le ss and die. More needs to be done to involve members in all aotivities, but the trend is III the right direction.

Wellington CAFCllJZ gave a short report. Vifellington's activities have been limited because of their inability Clearly· to define their a irns , They decided their main activities shou l d be to get N. Z. away f'r'om the act L vi ties of the superpowers, and centred on the fight against nuo Lear- warships. Leaflets were distributed on fishing, bo i.Lerrnaker-s , and PBEC, and educational material contriputed to student newspapers. Several press st'ltements were put out (which were the sub,ject of correspondence from OAI''CTIiJZ in Ohristchurch). There. was little activity as an organisation.

Pirll:lncial Report

A report was given by secretary-trensurer ,John Lee.

Accounts were prepared for general GAl"CINZ monies and for the apec i.a'L bustrip to Coma.lco.

Or the Comalco trip, expens.es , donations tho hire of the bus 'rho trip basically

travdling (:t6li-6) paid most

up thi:; total ) • The chief expense was for

t hen for food and aooonmoda+ i.on (l160) and publicity. and made no demands on CiJi'CINZ general funds.

GAli1GINZ finances were provided principally by donations (·$336) and subscriptions (~.234). Basic expenses wer-e for pUblicity and education - paper, ink, postage, slides, stickers, etc. We Dlso :t"'epaid a large loan we owed people on the Coma.Leo Watchdog magazine (8200) and are now debt-free •.

'rhanks to all those who have so generously supported our wor-k and we look f'orwar'd tOE!. year of contirrued activity agrdnst foreign control in New Zealand.

Election of Officers

The following were e.Leo+ed unopposed as officers of C},]'CINZ:

Chairperson: Lynne Burke Secretary-Treasurer: ,John Lee

Editor of ,Watc.h.c1og: Bill Rosenberg and John Christie, jointly ..

, '.',

HISTORY' OF CAFCL"JZ

In order =to give some idea of C!\.J"'cmz' s roots, John Christie gave a brief history of Ci'lji'CIi'JZ and its predecessors.

C.A:FCINZ was a continuation of orp'lnisations growing out of the anti-war movement and the PYYl. Out of opposition to the Vietnam War acme, at first as

sideline, opposition to U.S. military [lativ:i.ties in New Zealand. The first big examp.Le of this wr,s the cDmpaign ?Lgainsi; the Omega nav.i.gat Lon station,

wm.ch was (in 1971) finally sent to Australia (see elsewhere in this newsletter). This was f'o l.Lowed by national and rai.Li.t.anf demonstrations against U.S. bases

':.t Woodbourne and Mt .JOh.rl. These ",rerG organised by committees formed specially for the purpose. The next step orgCL11is2ttionnlly Wi),.S to form CAFMJIliZ (Committee Against Foreign Military Activities in NZ) wlri ch organised the act iv i.t i.es against

the US base at Harewood Airport nt Weedons in 1973. The f'ornring of

CAF.MANZ was a step forN~trd in generali sing , broadening, and making permanent the tmti-ba.se movemcrrt ,

The n.ct:ivitics in New ZiAlland inspired similar activities in Australia.

There, CABrNfBA (Campaign Again~t Fore~gn Militar-,f Bases in .Australia) was formed and organised 13 'LongM.fl.rchl (by b!~s) across Australia against US bases there.

Several HZ activists took in this, arid from them carne the idea of

organising D. similar ride, but opposing foreign economic as 'Noll as military ':lctivities in New Zea1and. The :T,.Jluary 1975 Res i.st.ance Ride did just that. Both the economic .'"nD the military roles, and the reLttionship bebJeen them,

wer-e pointed out. CAFCJNZ was to orgenisc this Hide.

C1\.117CINZ is now Fl major (if no t the major) anti-imperialist. group in NZ.

A large amount; of' work has been done in three years. The movement has usa developed or-garri.aat i.onal.Ly - from temporary to pezrnanerrt ,

Geoff Mason gaveq short tDlk Dutlining ,just why we should oppose PBEC and

wha t the PBEC conference was trying t.o Lynne Burke then Led off' a

discu.ssion on organiSE'.tion[)J of the next cs ac t iv Lt.Les , Further

details of the PBEC campa.i.gn f'ound elsewherr2: in 'Viatcr-dog'.

for:Ja:cCi for activities in the coming year. trlem stood out as of par-t i.cu.l.ar Ly high

8. whole would have to dictate just

were: (in the order they were brought up)

1. Concentrate more ()I1 the political nature of imperialism and more

.8£I2~l:ciL

2. Renew 2\.cti v ..i.t-l .. e s on mili ta:cy base s,

3. Foreign intel..Ligence activ:Lties" 2,.. Ji'oreignfisning •

.5" dr-r.b 7 :pal"'ticu.larly PlS they af'f'eot the erosion of'

t11.8 soci:,1 we Lf rere system.

6. Re oon .. iit::cons the n'il}' and other internationa1 finrll1Cial

orga.I1lsa

] ." • t·

on .oans , m",:moersrn p, e· c ..

1, resolu'tion WDS put f'orwar-d by Wellington 8S. E;. new su;::gesteCi P;!ld, .

fO[;.1$ • When. put to +he vote J.t'Nas lost, m:linlybecausc of' in::,ufficient time, but. it was decidFjO t.hat; ChristchuI'Qh discuss t.he drclft put f'orwar-d 'by Wellington

wi.t.h a v i ew to

General Business

It for an ind ependerrt ~ con:fe'r'ence

work w8..s being done nt,ticnrdly callfng New Zealand. It is Li.ke Ly t a n;:\tion81 encourage and coor'd.i.rrat.e such calls'"

pr-oposn Ls to tJ1C G-ov'e:rr.LC1(51YC Ln "officinJ,s cornrnittcet:

both trv:c National and Labour I)E~rtiesprior to the '!Vi th Coma.Lco , In en effort. -t.o

Ls sues , Coma'l.c o in first 'by Tn~tting

·1976. The G·overIlInCnt then formed '1 secret

DCI)l~ty -'v7C; don f t

, which began on .5 August comnlittcc Firo 'be Li.eved to 'De:

, l'~lec tx-ioity Dept , ; R. ,J. Hq::,g, Minister's Der)t.; ':;no. the nnd Ini.liJ,stry, whose name

to be seer';t 0..371e11 but the quarrt.Lby of serlsl tive j,ni'c,rms;1-.1 (ir'

·1976 (:Lnciclenl;ly!, C084" J?ttr·ke'r

out. C

The

'.C~".".~.' . .J 1 has n.sk.t'.cJ: for an .L'1cre('.se in

statc,Q thct this "mounts to 427 mil lion Ir"nis v7'orks 011t

of "b out :::2.2 cent s incren.se

, and probably that its

per year, whicb. Dt O. '17 cents per ·'Jni t (1 75 till1C s n,,:; to C).4~3 cerrt s T)er unit ,"

of tens of millions n11 Coma.l oo does is

totr.1 profit in 5 bl[\.t~mt J5G. In

pn.y itself o.lu.rrLinilJ.lL ·back to

:T't is clee.r

determined to resist the

tihcy arc fr-orn rill

" t"

eLl,ree ' .. Lcns:

-7-

1. In the' nego~iations themselves, thre~tening to close the smelter and reminding the Cover-nment of its broken promise to rais.e· Lake M.:'tnapouri

2. Trying to influence public opanf.cn by feeding stories into newspapers and magazines. These commonly report false facts from Oomalco, e s g, that Comalco is paying cost p'Ius 10% for the electricity, that there would be no

Manapou:r:t :vower station but for O.omalco and so on, This last story is probably false. Coma'Loo onlyrnade its firm commitment in 1969, bywhf.oh

time Manapouri was already producing power. And when NZ is considering spending over $1500' million9n a nuclear power station, what rubbish to

say we couldn't have a.fforded $300 ndllion'for '}Jranapouri~

. . ", :,.'" ' .

.... "',

.; 3tPutting·pre;ssure'''on M.P:~ls, other companies Mdbusiness orgnnisations, .asking thein to tell the Government pga 1)l1.l.oo profit will be lost if the

smelter is closed. ',' .. :.

' .. , ...

Visits to N~ by t9P .coII1Panybf:t'i·6~s .• , First'tnere was Lord Sha.c~leion, Vice Ol;').airman bI'"·;t1;,eRl.oTinto ZinoCorporation (which owns 50% .of Qomalco) , whoqame . to ~Z ostensi1;llY ,t(j(,pen~ntdw '. section of the Canterbury Musewn. Tll.~n. tJ;le .B6EC c~::mfererice. bt"ought to Ohristchurch N9rishige Hasegawa, head

of S~i;tomo Chenucal (which.owns 25% of th~13luf'f smelter). He isalsQ

head of' the Japan-NZ E.Donomi/i) ;Cotri'icil and .oh.iros he "has tried to get his

GO.v. e ... rnm.'_ . ent.' .. t .••• 0 import ~.Q,;:e, pro. due. ts. f. rom NZ •. ".'. J. .apan .Cread Stun. it om .. O.n .. w ...• as interestea...;:;i.tJ.bttjing cheap eleotrieity fro.m_ ,NZ. It wanted more (! ~) power

Wi1;hou~. en I) a :p1'ice inor8l\.se,-NZ·'waiited greater access to the Japo.nef;3e market. .'t'1'h1$ demands' a,oornpromisen Mr HaElegawa said. So Surnitomo is threatening thc1t if the Gove~nt insists 01:1 a price increase for the smelter~selectricity, Jap/ilh win take retaliatory action againstNZ

trade - a very serious threat •

.

Hiring Jack Marshall to help in the, negotiations. Jack, a former Pr~e Minister, .:i.s desoribBd in the newsp'.ap~~s.. .l',s·.u.a, lfe;y figu~" in the original negotiations (e.t YYh.ig~j;i..t:Q,e. h~vias Minister of Industries and Oonmerce ) •

. The'.elw!s-tohuroh Star said !'there is no politioiM who has been closer to the Comalco negptiationFt, H~laiJ.ows .. tl1e strengthS of t.11e Government'.s ba:t;'gain~gpositirjns; and its weaknesses." The fact that Jack Marshal3- soe8,s1ly joins up with Oo~o now makes U!3. wonder~ust whose side he WaS on in 1969 ... when the or:igmal'bad' a.ea"l with Ooma'Lco WaS negotiated. For that matter.,. just whose sideaI'B Muldoon and.his sElC'ret negotiators on'? Muldoon himself' 'and at J,east .one conmi, th:iemember (P. W • Blakely from the

Eleotrici ty Dept) have 'defended Comalco in public, previously. .

The activities mentioned above undoubtedly do not include everything

. Comalco is doing, 'but only those b'rOl.lght to our attention. In our opinion, Oomal.co win be able to force the Goirer:nment to back down, and the defeat of the GOVernment by the oil, companies is evidence to support this. But we should point out that even if Comalco did end up paying $32 million for its electricty, this is still not enough. The cost of replacing Comaloo's electricity is over $40 million per year in oil alone, without even considering the cost of the power sto.tions which burn the oil •. In our opinion, there is only one solution. When Comalco next threatens to close down, the Government should say "we

accept your offer" ... exactly as it did when the British owner's of the Nelson Cotton Mill issued the same threat in 1961.

5.

Please note: Several members have written in asking about the significance of Marshall's job with Comal.co, At present we are trying to answer this, and to f:ind just what part Marshall played in the original nego+le.t.Lons with ComaLco, Ce~ any members help here?

................. ,. " ..

-8-

Parliament is about to consider a Bill which w~ll set up and protect a 200 mile economic fishin£zone around lIZ. ':Ehe 'Law of the Seal conference is due to meet aga '. in nU(Ust to try to finalise agreement on the zone. This 2(10 .nile e c onom.ic zone was instigated first by third world countries with a view to «protectlng their dwindl:i,.ng fishing sQ)cks from the big fishing nations, mainly the two superpowers and, Japan.

st nations have nowg:::me ahe and set up zones though no world agree-

me rrt ha s yet b.e en reachsd j. This has shown the ncy felt by third

world c.ourrt r-Le s in this area. Some C ountrie.s 1 iJi::.~ .Mex Lc 0 have take n real advarrt age of these 200nile zones and have gone all out to expand their flee:tsto make .full use of their newly protected reSOUrces.

Compare this responsible an\[' far-sighted approach to that of the NZ government. Theycan'~ wait to sell us QU~ to the highest bidter.

ready many Japa.nese and U ,Qe.A. companies have bpught into Loca.I fishing Lndustri.es. making them I ~ra:r.¥ .citlZr€l1S ! and null if;,ting the 200 mile zone. 2.lhe Soviet Union is also lcroking t..a. s-et up with a looal {lomwany

( ossibJ.,Y Jurie Fisheries of Wellington). Theyaill to rnve s t .,OOmil.l

and take ~h#. ~ivalen't of th,eentt):,6.present NZcatch • .at prc~~eht. t.he Soviet catch isprocesae d inSi,ngapQ.l."e by another I joint ven"ture I

and exportedto.i'.U-c;.t.~l.ia. Thi~.s.h.{j~ 'thE: monopoly -0 a pA.1JtJ. i.St nature of euo h a QO~"

Muldoo~ is ~~JliM to.~rw~ wUb th',; Japart.e.ge on a '1fishH

·for "meat aQ<Jes,s,lfdeal. Vf},1dt herefu,s(lsto rec 0inise is that fish iB~'a :res uuX'cer.)!the l\T1.j. peop:J.e an~the.int{~re ats of the s8<people shOUld be

t ake n in:"'()I.M.ooufi~, f~ine-tan.ce. by ~tt.ing up a fishing in~s.tJr.? in,,:NZ and. NZ (.;;xporting the pr()iO~~4.)J.~t.,product. Oo.npoEl.l'.Qidwi ttl the ir c at c h througr...:.~t tn(3 world what the. ...J~p4pe.s6.cqtp-oh in NZ is fnini mal. TbGtr;-ef ore i,t .ee,(l,fme:)lU.uldo.dn .~ t:t"JIo.tngto ba,rte.r with a <)ountry who, when they ar-e ready 1 wil::j.te 11 him what they want and that will be the end oii t. Its t irne we threw 011.11 these' amateur con-men f who.lre so Ll Lng us down

t r-o.id and NZers took ocntrolovGl:' theriz.rown future so that valuabitG: res()urces like fish can be used and r-e se rve d for the bEmefitof;all

IN Ze a landez-s,

• .. t _e " 'it ..... ; * .: ...

,T l~J~.~ ~UljJ.~~IQ1~~Jt~PlfJ:'J:J.J.'I~4§I~R~ "* 4 JAP3~.1~~·~ ~~'jl.LANP,

In January 1 ~7"/thel?h.,ilipp~ne . .F;i.sh.eri0)8~ort l'tNavot~s , 14km Y101th. o:f M:an"ll.k1. ~. i~~~:tI~"'d~ .&UrIi¢ ~~QOO J:)rjhll;.U.'llill1l~ 1ee..-s\<ppliers, fish supplie.rs,. f:J.sh boat operators and fish buyers will IDOSE!'

thcd't:' j 0;)8 when thePh.1.lipp.i.na ]:'ish Mu:rkejr. Author assumes ,full o ont z-ol

of tbe cOalpl.Q~. tt.Q pO'l~(ly is miniJ.U1.'\,m .l~bour, dax ~:~nm tll~hil!\01"'Y. In

addit Lon the entire adj-a.o¢~.ni';'Oo.mm.:<.mity of 6000- 1 5000 people'lrc threa,tGnt;;:)d ~:L'th s'tflot ian ae s.a.o.n ElS the c ornp.Lex i.,;\~K~w-~d in the. 1.l.09.:r' future.

1'.lthough the official gcrvcrnma'n± .!'O,tJo1'la}.e is that such .sac.rir i o is Jh:?i'7d\3d to achit::ve self-eH.\f:'£i.ci.oncl in fish prOduction for t~e

c ourrt r-y , he Philippin.iil JHsncl."ies Port Project was actually designed~

to service the huge Japoanese fishing vessels now prey ing on PtJiJ.:lDPine wa 1'3. lspav1ng th(~, WIY for the ;j'trangu18..tion uf the local flshm.ng Lridus t r-y and its redirection to ca t e r for tlw 11(,8 s the Japanese ~ rather than ttle l'rHl:.j.ppino po

s with other' 1 govt~ L type people: are

o onv inc e d that l\iTarc os h sfamiLy benefitted personally from the

c ona t r-uc t.Lon and oper'.i.tion of the port .

~D contain t moqnting ~eKistance of t fish haulers, com-

p o Li c e vand military ha vo c as t vi ick net o.j' I'\-opression over

s with 1 rs be in{[ t€;d. 111'0.8. t s are be Lng .i sSl)eda.nd

e~Grywtler,~. '

At present, the Japanese have the largest fishing boats in Philipp:ine waters. By v::i..l:'tu:e of' two fisbing agreements they have been {'.ble to z-oam f'ree1y in Philippine waters and, deplete the,. oountry' s marine resouroes -.

r:

These large Japanese fishing f'leets gra.velythreaten·t,he existence of local fishermen who are at a: .technolog:\.qal disadvantage. They cannot compete and lose out to the highly sophisticated Japanese trawlers.

The Filipino people· eta-not :b~oof:~tfrom any :t'Elsultant<1ncreasein fish productionbro1).ght about byJ.apanese technology t since most o:fthe. catch is . channelled to Japan. In 1973 the ceuntryslJ..f'f't?red a shortage despite a6~fftc inorease over the 1972 output. (The Goveltll11Elnt . r~porteda t\ish prodUction deficiency of3.S% in relation to requirement). But .the Marcos regime still chose to 08JCport' 23,000 metric tphB~ .

To meet ~his demand the gove:rnment began importing canned fish. Further pressure on thee.1ready weak fishing industry resulted •. In 1975 eight . major groupsofloca1fishennen'p~pte:sted the dump:ing of Japanese mackerE:ll

on the Philippine market,. This dump:i.n.g also caused the IlliCtssive ,.1ay~off. .

of workers ·af'tertp.e closure of Ie cal tin-plate manu:f'acturin,gb1Jsmesse~ and

other smal1 ... scale industries re1ateclto caIlrdng. Fish ·l?rices. ~spil:'alled .,

upwards during those years. . '. .

..

Of special interest t.o 't-l"ew .. Ze~landers :Ls the fact that Asian :pev<ilopment Bank (Japanese dommated)finanoed the Philippine ~Fisheries;J?oi't co~stIUqtion. The construction was carried out by a Japanese ;firm Toyo ConstructibnCoy~ . This port also services Japan.esefish.:i.ltgf1eets which, operate aI'o1,U).d the NZ coastline end in the South Pacifi6.: With the . ass?,.stanceof OlJ'r governmep.:t

the Sou1h Kore8Ij. fishing industpy is plann.irl.g to plunder our fish resources after the tootmer of the Japanese and Russians.

Some t:i.m8ago we ·.askedreaders ·to sertd:inany inf'orrru;ttion t~ey hado~ the Mac Donalds corporation who have re¢eritlyexpanded ·in1;o the N'~ Z. fast food! hamburger market in conjunction with Shoprite .. , There wasa.\ good resporie'tO our request. The following article puts together a'f'B'W of tp.e.facts we~s¢overed about MacDonalds. What we learned endorsed our op.l+iiopthat.the ,gi~b.t V.S. . owned and controlled MacDonalds is one of the most insidious rip";o:f'f jurik:t'ood

•. r

outfits in the business.

. - .~ .

BOVIIVVer MacDona1ds boast to the contrary, their haw..t.'Urgers are Ji in'·

re0.11 tyhigher priced and Smaller in size. . To· dis·gu1se their miserliness their burgers are swathed in.'reams of urmecessat-ypao'kaging· which youenallp :r~g for. MacDono.1ds has a. policy of exploi ting·'teenagers as a source of cheap labour. For example, in Australia. at:ldthe . States MacDqna1cls is thelar.gest single employer of young people and pay about a: third of the average adu1 trare~ of :pay. The Aussie General Manager of MacDona.lds says tiha tif they couldn't employ kids their hamburgers would cost niOre, and that by this they ar~ passing on a "prioe saving" to the public. This is a distorted view ••• the big boss of MacDonalds in America Ray Kroc1 has amassed a personal fortune of Il10re than

$500 million since the first drive in was built. Child labour seems .to be

more profit saving tlw..n price saving! It is notable that M~!cDonall'J.s gave $250,COO to Nixon's re-election campaign func1 in 1972" at the same time as

the company was attempting to include .13. SUfkninirnum wage for teenage labour

in the Minimum Wage Bill then being debated by Congress.

In the States MacDonald hambur'ge'r be.rs ere aesthetic eyesores. Each one is characterised by a huge yellow painted st~el tM' structure that makes the

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drive ins the most obvious commercial enterprise in any smal.Ler' town. Behind every till in 11lacDonalds a oard with "Service Rules" printeC'oni.t constantly rem.inds the oounter-worker that he/she hr.s to emit a phony charm for every customer. The following ar'e three of these rules which havubeen taken from the worker till card at the Porirua MacD,w\lels.

Rule 1 Greet every customer. "Good morning:" "Yes sir!" ~ enthusiastic fmel' smile

Rule 2 Take the order. "May I help you?" S,+ssest ap additional menu item. "Would you like an I2lpple pie with your order?"

Rule 6 Thank customer and show ao.cUtional interest. "Thank .. yousir.

Please call again! II

These service wles indicate the relentless manner in which the company squeezes mevery possible wa:y work out of workers and pennies out of'cuetomere.

At. the MaoDol1alds corporation headquarters (called HmnburgerCentral!)

in Illinois. it is possible to take a degree .ill Hemh\u'g~rclgy at Hamburger University! . The "university" even awards honorary degrees (one was given to Johnny Cash). The adverti.3ing manager- at Hrun'bUrgerCentr[~l has a sign inh;is offic~ which reads 'Early to bed, early ts: rise, advertise, tdverlise, advertis-e .. • Il'I.lceeping with MacDona] ds multi"'national capacity the "urrlvez-s i.ty'' has a :roreign~d~uden~ p%'Ogremtr'e with audio-visual and tren,slntion booths. The operatic:1s manager' of Mt.c.Donaldsirl Poril e<'1,Bruce Peploe,aNewZea~e.r,

went thr- gh training at Hamburger Centrr,L. The MaoDona1."corporation.Ms

been corrc,~nptuousenough of human dignity to put one of' ti'o:l.rrlriveins on

the sitef the HiroshiroL::. .Bombing. For 1"\ t±mein the Sto."jc:, they required

their young employees to i,'.lbmit to lfue ... df.i~0ct()rtests.

Nutrition 'Wise, Macl),':ru-:tlds should be banned; A Oonsu.t::.(;r .Report in Australia recent:J:y found that the Big Mao meal not only contained less meat than El1lY ctherburger br-and but that altogether i~ provided less total f9.110. Big Mac Lettuce is kept green with applioa.tions of sod:iU1ti'b:!.sulphate,citrio aeid" .Mcorbic aoid, caloium silicate, sodium citrate, and. sodium hexametia ... phospHate. The piokles are douched with polysorbate 80. },\. lot of thep-ulk in.side the, highsuger content hun i$.sim.ply f'tJ,le:r. i. e.comptlterooun:ted splats of.' ketchUp and mustard sauce I. Tho Me.oDotl.elda shw'cis never oalled a milkshakebecause there is barely a drop of milk in it. It· s been oalled 11 cold ohemical brew and was first diseovered in the tErav0'New Kit~Mn·

at the Hrunburg.el' Oentre in Illinois.

N at so long ago I visited MacDonalds in Porirua to see how it COIllPared wit.h ita American counterparts. A customer who had just orderad a Big Mac

sat down, delicatelY opened the cardboard box. UI:l:\l'I'rapped o. serviette and f',ingered around in one darner of the box for a soggy miserly oo!"ger. He turned to me

with a grimaoe of' wonder and said "Pardon me, but I.think I've just been ripped off! tt As we werB about to leave some minutes. later, aneno;rmOUe61"1"tem ecnd

tinkle sucldenly split the air. Walking around the corner to t('l.ke a look, we could see that one of the fancy chandeliers in front of the counter had fallen off the ceiling. It was not clear whether nn angry PoriruD customer or poor joinery hed sent the chp..ndelier flying but it was a' fitting scene of disg\leted retbliation.

*We npolcgise for the tim.:; it has t?.Jc.en to get this artie1;, into print - but we think the wait we.e worth it!

.......... ''f ...... " •••

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-

A review of': "Rothmans: South Afri«l' IS Mult1:national: a detailed analysis

of~thmants international network."

by Mike GilloOly. Publis~d 'by National .Anti-Apartheid Committee, Box 91 54, Well1ngtan. 32 pages.

This booklet is what it says it is: a detailed t>.na.lysis o:f'1tothm.ans· interna.tional network.. Though by no means the final word on "the f'i:tth largest tobacco company in the world with consolidated sales of ne~rly $2 billion and ass$ts of $539 million", it clarities the structure ora group of compwes span.nilt.g at least 2'9 countries, and witb sales in It~ cOp.t~ents, 160 eountries and on more than 100 airlines. It

It gives a brief history of how J\.nt~ Rupert, South Afr:1.eMchenli$t~

tumed ... bu.$:i.nesSlfl8l'1, founded the RelPbl'1andt group of tobacco and wine ~ mpanies whioh m turn took control of :aothmans :t:ntarnati9nal. Step 'by etep, Rup~

made Rothmans a multil'latiorml giant, takttng contrel' of cortll?et:Ltors, #stJ:oibutorsand suppliers. It 'br~ohed. out into 9ther :bidU$t~es - pl;U't1eul~).y wine, ~ .and spit'it$ - pertly because of adverse pu'bliQity aboui::$n1OkinSj enqpfJ-rt1y because in inany oases (it oontrols 7~ of thelll9.rketin New Zealand for eJtatnple) it oontrolled so much of the tobaooo market that thex-ewa.s virt\Uilly nO.room for eJC,pe.nsionin that direction. The whole e¢J?it'e is baaed on 11;s

South At~ b:~ad ... 8Xl(l the low wages, raciamand op;pression that has th,t1.ved

on.

; ,

To OAFCINZ Iftevmers there are some particularly interestmg f'eatu.resof thia analysis.. It shows how a multiuationa+ operates: througp int~rloolti.llg direotorsh1!Js (some ot: which fll'e shown) ~ t~o\lgh1'l.etwor~of·hol(1ing.~ompmies r"nd sub~$;a.;"ar1es: W~gh, gain1;mg of' monopo}y posl.tioJl$, ill ·a.mar~etl\ . It

shows howolosely thebankeand. large industr;tes are cotIhe~te(l (tl;lr?u'~

OQ@lon ,direotors and arranging finanoe and mergers.) It Shfma how enmeshed. :;n. politics big companies beoome - Rembrandt in South: Mrl.oa has consistently

had e.s cl1re.torsseveral prominent 8$'010g18ts for apmheid. It shows how 100al subsidia-ories ot Imltinationals can in faot be oontrolled by thep~rent even if 1'[Jfo or more of the shares are lOQally owned. And t t shows how looal businessmen (quitewi11ingJ,.y!) arv>. brought off to be. part of, the multinatioX'.al network. The Butl8nd tamilyin New Zealand (who a. tewye~'rB ago tried to sell then:lselves to the American Kraft Oorporation) have pla.yeJ. this role for Rot~. They supply local "respectability", and the local capital to

keep up the pretence of "Local," ownership of the company.

Finally! the booklet provides en exeellentexample of how . a OOlllpl'lny and all its conne_;ion~ $aJ'. be researched. It is well WOrth reading to:r;- anyone ~terested in the e.eonomiQ baClkground to apartheid, in fore::i.gn cont:rol .1& New ZeaJ.a.nd (or elsewhere), or in who~ s who :in the bus i:n.es & world. It is a pity it has no :index to make future reference easier •

••••••••••••••••••••

OOMPANIES "rITE OVERSEAS .AFFILIATIONS 1 272-]j

A table under this heading MS been put out by the Depa.rtment. of Statistics as a. supplentel1t to the Jan-Feb 1977 "Monthly Abstract of Statistios".

Two types of oompany were oonsidered to be subject to sCme degree of' overseas oo.trol for the purposes of compiling these st&tistics. Firstly, branches of. overseas organisations operating in NZ, end second, NZ registered oompanies with 2$€ or more of their equity share holding subject to c.versea.s control.

The Government Statistician ccnmenbs on the table "The figures for assessable Lnoome end for shareholders' funds would indicp.te th'1t overseasBffiliated companies are , on average, larger units than are. wholly NZ controlled companies ••• tl "The figures wou.Ld also suggest thP,t there is some ooncentration of branehee and subsidiaries of overseas comparri.ee in the four manufaoturing groups and mining and quarrying; these indUstries offer soope to large concerns with ecceas to capital and technical eXpertise. Comparing

the return of 30. ff!/r; of assessable income earned by overseas-dfili0.ted compand.ea with 22 .. b9S of shareholders' funds it would also appet).r tlw.t compam.es with cver'seaa tffiliationshave a higher earrdrig rate .. "

do~ies of the ta.ble can be. obtained from the Depar-tment; of Statistics., Wellington. If they have run out, your local libraryv'lill have a copy of the "Monthly abstraot of statistics", and Should allow you to photocopy the table. Otherwise write to us.

. ••........... ~ ....

C.AMFAIGN FOR A NUCLEAR :FREE PACIFIC

(We print below a shortened version of a speech delivered last year by Pick Arlidge, representing Cmnm,at a peaoeconf'erence in Japan and at a subsequent youth conf'ez-ence in Nahodka , U. S.S.R.)

The Paoific Ocean has played an ilnportnnt role in the deve'Lopmerrt of the techniques of nuclear . war.

. , .

The U. S., after using crude atom bombs agalinst Hiroshima and Nagasaki, developed andperfecte(l nuclear ana 'thermonuolear warneads on tre atolls

of Micronesia. The Pacific Missile Range has served as the ma.in testing ground for all Amerioa' ~nuclear missiles, and the U.S. has used thePaoific to perfect va:rious.othernuc1ear teohniques.

Britain developed its so-called nuclear deterrent with nuclef1.r tests on Christmas 181811(1; cau.sit.g illness tbn,earby Cook 1s18.nders~and in Australia where today one-third of' tile state of S01).th Australia is prohibited territory because of lingering radioactivity and continuing missile tests.

On losing her North African colonies, li'rnnce immediately shifted her nuclear tests to a much smaller and weaker colony in the South Pacifio.

And the Soviet Union uses the Northern Pacific for testing its long range missUes.*

At p:):,esent a large part of the ope:rational nucle('l"' weaponry of the world is located in the Pacific. The U.S. in particular has between ~., 000 and

1 2,000 nucle.<?x warheads in the pacific, and will soon be deploying Trident submarines there with missiles of extraordinary long range and accuracy.

During all this detre10pment and deploYment of nucleRr weapons it has been and still is the Pacific people who are pushed around from isl~d to island, subjected to radioactive fallout, and who now fRoe nuc'Lear' nr..nihilation because they happen to live too close to the nuolero'v{ar base of some other nation.. The Pacific people are in no we.y protected by all this nuclear weaponry, but it is their misfortune that their iSlands anq their ocean have been chosen as 11 nL'ljor nuclear battlefield by the nuc'Lear pO\lI[ers and in particular the U.S.

*1.1iS5ile5 have also been testetl near' the Cook Islands ... Ed.

-1

Until now protest against these nuclear war preparations has been scu.ttered, sporadic and often unnoticed. Hopefully this era is now over.

In April 1975 all the isolated protest movements c)fthe Pac if'Lc were brought together in Fiji by an importent and unprececlented\Oonference for a Nuchlr

Free Pacific. ,At this cont'er-ence , 93 delegates fr~m 22 P;~ific nrrt i.ons spent [, week discussmgradiatiPl1 hazards , the caca.l at i.on of nuc.l ear W,e)"r preparations [J1d ending colonialism"in the Pacific.

The main work of the conference Was to launch a campo i.gn for '3. nuclear free zone in the central and South Pacific •. The zone will includE; Melane"da, Micronesia (presently under U.S. oocupation), Pol:Y"11esia,Australip. and N.Z. The Pacific zone will be bounded by four other zones subjeot to some f'orrn of nuclear arms limitrltion.

To the west, the Latin .Amerioa nuclear weapon free zone established by the Treaty of Tlatelolco. This treaty has been signed by all Im.tin .American countries except Argentina and Brazil, and by tho U.S, , Britain, France and Ohina. Only the Soviet Union among the nuc'Lear' powers has z-ef'uaed to sign.

To. the South lies Arrtaz-c't i.ca which ,vas made a nuclear free zone in 1 959 by the Antarctic Treaty 0

'I'o the west lies the proposed Indian Ocean Zone of Peace which has been endorsed by the U.N. General Assembly,

To the northvvest lie the ASEAN nati.ons = Malaysia, Singapore, 'I'ha.i.Land , Phillipines and Indonesia who have 'been. 'proposing a "zone of peace, freedam and neutrality!!. One can feel suspicipus about this zone so. lal1g as

the UoS. presence remains here, but the situation in Sauth E8.st Asia is changing rapidly.

The Pacific nuclear free zone as proposed at the Fiji conference will involve the following:

1. A tatal 'ban en the testing of' mrc'Lear weapo.ns.

2. A total ban on the testing of nuc Lear- weapon delivery systems. It has been cnlculated that 8QJo o:t:.jjb~~ni.urnof ·.th§'_ strate,aic arms race

is due to increases in accuracy, range, payload and survivability af the missiles, aircraft, etc which deliver the nuclear w1:irl1.eads.

3. A total ban on the presence of nuclear weapons and on [1.11 bases whd.oh aid· the performance of nuclear weapon delivery systems.*

4. Renunciatian of "mutual defence" nuclear a'l l i.anoe s such as ANZUS.

5. Withdrawal of all colonial power's from the Pacific. This would remove much of the nuclear war estab=cishment from the Pacific.

It is also envisaged that nuclear power- reactors ,nuclear rropelled ships and the dumping of nuclear wastes will be prohibited within the zone.

The resalution to. the U.N. was sponsored by N.Z. and Fiji (Micronesia was excluded from tho propased zone, pr-esumab'Iy after U. S. pressure), and was supparted 110 votes in favour, nane against and 20 abstentians (including U.S., Brit~in, France and U.S.S.R.).

We are confident tnis zone can become fl. reality and hope that it can be expanded to include the entire Pacific and that it will be an effective mave

*This would include the U. S, base at Mt John and parts of the IfurevlfOadjw eedons base. -Ed,

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toward total nuclear disarmament. There are no longstanding antagonismS between various Pacific peoples, and the risk of war "Ls due solely to great power. occupation of the region.

(Dick concluded byrel1ding part of the pre-amble -t o the proposed treaty,; which finished as follows:)

tlWe, the people of the Pacific, will assert ourselves and wrest. control over the dest'inyof our nations and our environment from' f'oreign _powers. I.'

.. " " .

OA.MPAIGN FOR Al.'J'. INDEPE'.NDENT EAST TIMOR

The campafgn to oppose the In.donesian takeover of East Tirrlor is holdings a public meeting on July I in Christchuroh in the OORSO (206 Baro/il.does St) Ball at 8 p.m. Two films on East Timor will be sho-wn, and the national or'gard.ser- will be speaking.

tf ...•• t ... ' •• II •••••

r

COAL iT 10J\1 FOI-~

F-<I Gl-1TC

»:c, Box 13.392

Phone 6". ,153

uore zben 30 p re s eu re otrouo s ewe' po l i tc el l)arties, as we I I as the Centerbl.n:y Trs(fes Council and T~~ade Unions, have alre2'c7v come t0gethe1." to i'ol'm the I:Cbt~J,j tjOl) For P~ople I s Rights".

I.A RZ<::Nr TO A uvm« U/i(;;f1 FOl? ttl) HotJl?SW(Jj(f(

A JUGnr to ifJ:Ct.:!lf $«':141.. S1!:f1V1CJU; [-OR PSOP/..t OF AU .. AG'JJ"'S

$.. Ii Rl<mt ~ LI!/{S PRat ,~i2PfQ·<;,$lvr;: .~'(;1$tf;,rl(fJfl$ ltNJ> FJ:tfJCR1MIN.ifJ'lON

4. A IUGktZ' 'to .COIJ'lROL WI?

The CO'fJ,Htion b,~:;{ bJren t'at-met; in re:.I;'~i'f$e to t~e pro~d.f!g 43ttscks 1)1) the

livingf.jtanclatt!.s. tine! v'll rights of OrdilEH''Y people, ~"e l~t.ljeve. that a

POi:'C rt'la re sponse is reau i red to de fend tho ri gil ts that have been won in tnC:p$$1; for (1$, Throvgnout rrorkinfF-cl,::;tss history tbere has been continual struggle for r;Jece,nt f;rorking coru:Jition$, the '40 hour J,'ce.k is en €xC/l1tpli1 and nolY once 1fJt;Jt1in this :1:; v:/ider attaCk. The re' is r&pid {'rosion 0,[ our hE~lth? cducstion titnd social ~,·e.7.fe!t'f: serv ieee, LSi~'!:,i haVe ]'t:en /)e;';sc-dto restrict and ueake,n t71~ herWJining pove r' of r/o1."ldngryeoplf- throu('rr <:ittC/cks on t1"C/de Unions. The ri,ghts of (fOmen, Dolynf;S;ictn »eotii« and our privacy has 01so beer: att;(5Icked. rye, tht 'eo(11(; of New :<'EallXnd. I ive in this enVi1"'011mHlt /='ut yc t do not nt?Vc any effEctive sev iili its control. There: i s an increasing dange' 1." that our ni'yl:tn"al r( sources {;n:'c be i n« sold out to multl.nCltional

c ompend c«, ,':end the nuc l tnr- OOf,'cr threat still ex i etss ,

The re wi l l. be a public ODen -ei r Rtdly held:

(~ 1\ T 1-1 E I) I? f\ L S 0 lj ARE

~71:)~/1 O~~ vvA R DS.

,) 1+

! 1\1 I=-

L. ..... ,

iiU8IC AND SfiTIRE:)

to $h6h! the; I:'ide sareed c::issatisi$ction et: r/l'zat is haDDElling in 01,11"', country ~1t bre se nt: ,

~v1f\ t< E _,1\ \(/

AT

TI-iE

SUPPORT THE OOALITION FOR P20PLE2 RI,}1jTS.

~ ---, ... ---........ -------

Since the beginnings of thf Coalitinn For ~eople8 Rights

CAFQINZ has given full support tn its aims and goalS and strhngly

endnrses the demands dS laid out d~ the rallyin3 pointa of the

demonstrati0n. This demonstration 1s to Show the strength dnd

brBddth of peo~lJe8 opposition to what is happ~ning in New

. \

In s.upp or t we have oresd.ni sed a pi eke t to be he lei ou t s ; de

lIvonlworth r s . in Christchuroh for . FridaY .17th of June, as a fnCdl

point t n shnw CJ.n exa.rnple nf how the e cf'nr;mi C imp§riCJ.li sm of mu l ti r.l8.tl oria Ls d. ttempt· t o (cit ctate the wnrking chndi ti «ns of

New Zealanders.

In an @ffhrt tn attract multinational finance to N.Z.

successive gnvernment§ have been wi111ng to reduce our living

8tandard~ by at+acks nn the 40 hnur week, tyiotrnducing repressive

anti-unlnn legislati0n, and they are ssl11ne; 0Ut N.Z. IS res"urc':;;s

wlth~ut thnught fnr the future. OOMALOO is "ne very gand example -

of h ow the pre,fl ts nf' a few are put befnre the needs 0f the

ma.1nrity.

l'e urge a.l~ CAFCIUZ members whn can tn turn nut fnr this

rally and show Y0ur npp0sitlnn tn the pnliciesheing Impl§mentea by thisgnvernment. If ynu are able to assist thetCndlltlno' in

the preceding.week (ie. next Week) to distribute leaflets nr

man infnrnlcttinn c.e sks y ou- cnuld ring b2-15j.