1

3.3.
3.3.1.
.
.
, ,
. ,

, .
,
. :
,
,
,

, ,

, ,
.
,
.

(.34.1):
,
,
. ,
vmt 6 m/s.

.
,

. .
(vmt < 50 m/s).
, .
()

. ,
, - .
(Gleason, Oerlikon,
Klingelnberg).
.
,
( vmt 30 m/s;
vmt 60 m/s).

. 34.1. , P -
, P - ) ; )
( ); ) ( ); )
m = 0.

m = 0. ,

, (vmt 10 m/s).

3.3.2.
,
.

. , 900.
w1 w2
1 2. ,

.
:
u = 1 /2 = sin w 2 / sin w1
(34.1)
= w1 + w2 = 900 :

u = 1/ tan 1 ,

u = tan 2

(34.2)

,
.
2=90
, (.
34.2).

. 34.2. (), (),

.
,
= 90
zP =

z1
z
= 2
sin 1 sin 2

(34.3)

,
.
3.3.2.1.

.
, .
.

.

,
.

,

. , , ,
, , ,
, , .
,
.
.
1.





(. 34.3).

,
.

.
. 34.3.

, (. 34.4,).

. ( )
, ( )
. = 20.
,
(. 34.4,), .
.
2.

(. 34.4,).
,
(. 34.4,).
(. - ).

, ,
, .

. 34.4. () ()
. ()
() , () ()

(. 34.4,,).

. V- ,
.

V- (
).
3.3.2.2.
,
,
.
.
RP
.
. DIN 3971,
m,
mm.
JUS ,
DIN .

. ,
.

.
,
. , ,
,
.

(xh)
(xs).
3.3.2.3.

. m

. ,
.
m
(Gleason, Klingelnberg, Oerlikon). m
1,5,
.
, .

() .

.

3.3.2.4.

, .
.
(. 34.5,)

.
.


. ,
(. 34.5, ) .

. 34.5. () ()

. 34.6.

(Tredgold) ,
. ,
,
(. 34.6).
,
,
.
.

. Re, Ri
Rm .

,

. ,
t, pt,
s h = h + hf ,
.
rve :
rve1 = de1 /(2cos 1);
rve2 = de2 /(2cos 2).

.
, ,
, .
,

(. 34.6).

34.1. V-

= 1 + 2
tan 1 =

3
4
5

sin
cos u
0

= 90 ;
Re =

; tan 2 =

sin
cos 1/u

tan 1 = 1/u; tan 2 = u

d e1
de 2
=
2 sin 1 2 sin 2

Ri = Re - b = Rm - b/2
de1 = metz1; de2 = metz2 = ude1
mmn z1
cos m
= d e 2 b sin 2 = u d m1

d m1 = d e1 b sin 1 =

dm2
7

u=

met =

z2 de 2 sin 2
=
=
z1 d e1 sin 1
d e1 de 2
men
=
=
z1
z2 cos e

mmn = mmtcos m; mmt = dm1/z1 = dm2/z2

tan t = tan n /cos
10
.

da1 = d1 + 2ha1cos 1; da2 = d2 + 2ha2cos 2
11

df1 = d1 - 2hf1cos 1; df2 = d2 - 2hf2cos 2
12

( met)
9

13

a1 = d1 + vf2 (za va1 = vf2)

a2 = d2 + vf1 (za va2 = vf1)

14

f1 = 1 - vf1; f2 = 2 - vf2

15

: va1 = vf2; va2 = vf1

16

17

hae1 = met(1+xhe) = ham1+(btan va1)/2

hae2 = met(1+xhe) = ham2+(btan va2)/2

18

hfe1 = met(1+cP*-xhe) (cP* -

hfe2 = met(1+cP*+xhe)
cP*=0,1...0,3

tan vf1 = hfe1 /Re;

tan vf2 = hfe2 /Re

10
34.1. ()

( mmn)
=
a1 = f1 = 1; a2 = f2 = 2
19

=
va = vf = 0
20

ham1 = mmn(1+xhm); ham2 = mmn(1-xhm)
21

22

hfm1 = mmn(1+cP*-xhm); hfm2 = mmn(1+cP*+xhm)

() Tredgold-

vn = n; tan vt = tan mt = tan n /cos m
23

24

vm = m; sin vb = sin mcos n
25

26 =90
27

28

=90

uv = zv2 /zv1 = ucos 1 /cos 2 = tan 2 /tan 1

uv = u2 = (z2 /z1)2
zv1 = z1 /cos 1; zv2 = z2 /cos 2

zv1 = z1

30
()
31

1 /u 2 ; zv 2 = z2 u 2 1 = u 2 zv1

zvn = zv /(cos2vbcos m)

29

32 .

33

dv1 = dm1 /cos 1; dv2 = dm2 /cos 2

av = (dv1 + dv2) /2
dva1 = dv1 + 2ham1; dva2 = dv2 + 2ham2
dvb = dvcos vt
mvt = mmt =

d m1 dv1 d v 2
=
=
; mvn = mmn = mmt cos m
z1
zv1 zv 2

34

35

xhm1,2 = (ham1,2 - ham2,1) /2mmn

36

bv = b

37

nv = n(dm /dv)

38

g v =

1
2

d va2 1 d vb2 1 d va2 2 d vb2 2 av sin vt

40

v = gvcos m /(mmncos vt)

41

v = v2 v2

39

42

v = bsin m /(mmn )

v1,2 =

1/2
zv1,2
2

d va1,2 /d vb1,2 1 tan vt

2

11

3.3.2.5.
. 34.6
.


met,
mmn.

34.1.
"e", "m", "i" , (. 34.7),
.
.

( "v"), .

,

,

31-1.


,

mmn = b/8 ... b/12.

xh

,

. 34.7.
.

tB,
.
(. 34.7).

3.3.3.
,
.
,
, .

12

,
,
,
.
.
(. 34.8),
.

. ,
.
.

.
,
- .
.
Gleason:
.

.
00...450,
350.
Oerlikon - spiromatic:
.
. N
34.8.
,

.

30 ... 50.
Klingelnberg - paloid:
.
.

.
( )
35...38.
Klingelnberg - ciklo - paloid:
.
- .

.
. 34.9.


0...45.

13

3.3.4. 3.4.4.

,
(. 34.9),
34.1.
3.3.4.1.

. . 34.10
, 900.
1 2 Fbn2 (
2), Fbn1 (
1). Fbn1 Fbn2
Ft1 Ft2 Fq1 Fq2.
Fq1 Fq2.
Fa1 Fa2 Fr1 Fr2.
, . 34.10
Ft, Fr Fa
.

. 34.10. :
) ; ) 1; ) 2

1
Ft1 =

T1
;
rm1

Fr1 = Ft1 tan cos 1 ;

Fa1 = Ft1 tan sin 1

(34.4)

14

Ft 2 =

T2
= Ft1 ;
rm 2

Fr 2 = Ft 2 tan cos 2 ;

Fa 2 = Ft 2 tan sin 2

(34.4)

(34.4)
1 2
1 2 Nmm; rm1 rm2 -
mm; - ( 200); 1
2 - .
= 90, Fa1 = Fr2 Fa2 = Fr1.
3.3.4.2.
,
.


.
N-N
(.34.11)

Fbn,

Ftn Fq.

Ftn

Ft

Fl.
- Fl
Fq

.
, . 34.11

Ft, Fr
F

. 34.11.


.
Ft =

T
rm

Ft
tan n cos sin m sin
cos m
Ft
Fa =
tan n sin sin m cos
cos m

Fr =

(34.5)

15

: - Nmm; rm -
mm; n=200 ; m - ; -
.

(34.5)
, .

. = 90, F1 = Fr2 F2 =
Fr1.
3.3.4.3.
33-1.
v,
(z1vmt/100)

u 2 /(u 2 1) < 10 m/s) :

v = fF350N + 1

(34.6)

fF - 34-2,
K350N 34-1.

F = H
33-7.
F, H.
, ,
1,5
.
, beH = 0,85b.
,
.
,
.
34.4, KF = KH.
3.3.4.4.
()
1.

(. 34.9)
:

H = Z H Z E Z LS Z Z B Z K

Fmt uv 1

K A K v K H K H
dv1b uv

(34.7)

(34.7)
. , v, H, H .
zH (33.27),
- . z
33-8, z (33.29) = m.
z z= 0,8. zB

16

(33.30)
.
ZLS

. :

Z LS = 1
Z LS

= 1 2 1
v

1,5

1 42
v

v 2

(34.8)

v > 2

v > 1

0,5

( v > 2 v < 1 ) ISO 10300-2 2001.

Fmt = Ft
( (34.4)) N, b - mm,
dv1 -
mm, uv - .
2.
, :

=
H

:
ZNT
ZX

ZL
ZR

Zv

ZW

Hlim

H lim

Z NT Z X Z L Z R Z v ZW

(34.9)

, 33-9,
, , ,
,
. ISO 10300-2:2001 ZX =1,
, 33-10,
, 33-12,
Rz10 ,
, 33-11 vt =
vmt,

( 3.3.3.2.),
,
, 33-20.

(ZLZvZR)
33-13.
3.
[H] (34.9)
H (34.7)
.
:
S H1 =

H 1

SH 2 =

H 2

(34.10)

17

, (34.10),
SHmin, SH > SHmin = 1,0...1,2.
3.3.4.5.

1.

(. 34.9)
:
F
F = YFa YSa Y YLS YK mt K A K v K F K F
(34.11)
b mmn
:
K, Kv, KF, KF - ( 3.4.4.3),
YFa
33-14 zv,
zvn,
YS
,
. 33-15
zv, zvn,
b

( (34.4)) N,
Fmt mm,
mmn mm,
Y
, :

Y = 0, 25

Y = 0, 25

0,75
0,625, ( v = 0)
v

0 ,75

0 ,75
v
0 ,375 0 ,625, (0 v 1) (34.12)
v
v

Y = 0,625,

YLS

( v > 1)

: YLS = ZLS2 (ZLS (34.8)),

,

. b
lb' :
2

l' b
YK = 0,5 bm '
2 b lbm

:
2
b
'
lbm
= 2 v v2 2 v 1 v

v
'
lbm
=

b v
v

v 1

(34.13)

v < 1
(34.14)

18

2.
,
,

=
F

F lim

YNT YST Y relT YRrelT YX

(34.15)

(34.12)
:
N/mm2 (
Flim YNT

YST
Yrel

YRrel

YX

33-20),
,
33-16,
(YST = 2,0),

, 33-18,
,
33-17,
, 33-19
m=mmn.

3.
[F] (34.15)
F (34.11)
.

:
SF 1 =

F 1

F1

SF 2 =

F 2

F2

(34.16)

SF > SFmin = 1,1...1,3.

3.3.5.

, 33-20.
1100 mm u 5,
. ,
,
.
,
,
.

19

3.3.6.

.

,
.
.

:
d m1 = 2000 3

T1 K A
1

H2 lim
u2 1

(34.17)

b = 0,15 d m1 u 2 1

(34.18)

(34.17) (34.18) : b - mm; 1 Nm; - ; -

( 33-1); dm1-
mm, Hlim - N/mm2 ( 33-20),

z1 34.2.
de1 (dm1), b z1 34.1
.
dv,
:
- (. 34.12,)
dm1 1,25dv
- (. 34.12,)
dm1 (2,4...2,6)dv
xh xs
34.4, u 4,5(6) .
n = 20.
. n < 20
,
n = 17,5.

n = 22,5.
m 0 45,
30...45.
.
,

3.4.4.

20

,
(. 34.12,).
(. 34.12,,,).
34.2.
=900 h=2m

u
z1
xh1
xs1

1
1.12
1.25
1.6
2
2.5
3
4
5
18...40 18...40 17...36 16...34 15...30 13...26 12...23 10...18 8...14
0
0.1
0.19
0.27
0.33 0.38
0.4
0.43
0.44
0
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.07
0.08
: b/R 0.3; b/met 10.
v 1.5
: xh2=-xh1; xs2=-xs1

. 34.12. : ) , )
, ) , )

34-3.