Session 7

Relative Clause
Khi ta c hai cu ring bit m trong chng c cng mt danh t th ngoi ta c th ni chng li vi
nhau, v ngoi ta dng "i t quan h " ni 2 cu.

WHO : dng th cho ch t - ngoi
WHOM : dng th cho tc t - ngoi
WHICH : dng th cho ch t ln tc t - vt
WHEN : dng th cho thi gian
WHERE : dng th cho ni chn
THAT : dng th cho tt c cc ch trn ( c 2 ngoi l xem phn di )
WHOSE : dng th cho s hu ,ngi / vt
OF WHICH : dng th cho s hu vt
WHY : dng th cho l do ( reason /cause )
1. That v Which lm ch ng cho cu ph
Chng ng u cu v lm ch ng cho cu ph, thay th cho danh t bt ng vt ng trc n. Do
nht thit phi c mt trong cu.
2. That v Which lm tn ng ca cu ph
Chng vn ng u cu ph v thay th cho danh t bt ng vt ng trc n nhang lm tn ng =>
c th b i c
Eg: Mat is going to buy the house (that/ which) we have been thinking of buying
Khi no KHNG C dng THAT :
- Khi pha trc n c du phy hoc gii t :
o This is my book , that I bought 2 years ago. (sai) v pha trc c du phy -.>
khng c dng THAT m phi dng which
o This is the house in that I live .(sai) v pha trc c gii t in -> khng c
dng THAT m phi dngwhich
Khi no bt buc dng THAT
- Khi danh t m n thay th gm 2 danh t tr ln trong va c ngi va c vt
The men and the horses that ....
That thay th cho : ngi v nga
Khi no nn dng THAT
+ Khi u cu l IT trong dng nhn mnh (Cleft sentences)
o It is My father that made the table.
+ Khi ng trc l : all, both, each, many, most, neither, none, part, someone,
something, so snh nht
o There is something that must be done
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o This the most beautiful girl that I've ever met.

3. Who lm ch ng cu ph
N thay th danh t ch ngi/ ng vt ng trc n v lm ch ng ca cu ph => khng th b i
c
4. Whom lm tn ng ca cu ph
Thay th cho danh t ch ngi/ ng vt ng ngay trc n nhng lm tn ng ca cu ph => c th
lc b
o The man (whom) I dont like are angry
Nu whom l tn ng ca 1 ng ng t bao gm 1 verb + 1 gii t, th c th a gii t ln
trn
o He is the man to whom I talked yesterday
Tuy nhin, nu 1 ng ng t gm 1 verb + 2 gii t th t gii t ng sau ng t
o The man whom you are looking forward to is the chairman of the company
5. What v Whose
What (the thing(s) that) c th lm tn ng ca cu chnh v ng thi lm ch ng ca cu ph
o What we are expecting is his exam result
Whose => thay th cho danh t ch ngi / ng vt ng trc n v ch s s hu
o I found the cat whose leg was broken
i vi vt c th dng whose nhng ting anh quy chun nn dung OF WHICH
6. Mnh bt xc nh v mnh khng xc nh
Mnh xc nh l loi mnh bt buc phi c mt trong cu, nu khng cu s mt ngha ban u
=> cu ph ng xen gia cu chnh v khng tch khi n bng du phy => ch c
o The travelers who knew about the flood took another road
Mnh khng xc nh l loi mang thong tin ph trong cu, nu b n i th cu cng khng b mt
ngha ban u => bt buc dung which,.. cu ng xen gia mnh chnh v tch bng 2 du phy
o My mother , who is a cook , have brought us up very well
o The travelers who knew about the flood took another road => tt c

7. Cch s dng All/ Both/ Several/ Most of whom/which
Her sons, both of whom are working abroad, ring her up every night
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The buses, all of which are full of passengers, begin pulling out of the station

8. Cch loi b cc mnh ph
Trong nhng mnh ph xc nh, c th b i t quan h thay th v ng t to be trong cc
trng hp sau:
+ Khi n ng trc 1 mnh ph m cu trc ng t th b ng
+ Trc 1 ng gii t (1 gii t m u kt hp vi cc danh t theo sau)
The book (that is) on the table covers this subject
+ Trc 1 cu trc ng t th tip din
The girl (who is) running down the street might be in trouble
+ 1 s trng hp i t quan h ng st ngay danh t m n b ngha
Weeds that float on the surface should be removed before they decay => floating
i vi mnh ph khng xc nh, c th b i t quan h v to be
Mr. Jackson, (who is) a professor, is going to Vietnam this year