Excel

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Gio trnh Excel
Bi 1: Lm quen vi Excel
I. Tng quan v Excel
I.1. Gii thiu Excel
Excel l chng trnh x l bng tnh nm trong b Microsoft Office ca hng
phn mm Microsoft.
Cng nh cc chng trnh bng tnh Lotus, Quattro Probng tnh ca Excel
cng bao gm nhiu c to bi cc dng v ct, vic nhp d liu v lp cng thc
tnh ton trong Excel cng c nhng im tng t, tuy nhin Excel c nhiu tnh nng
u vit v c giao din rt thn thin vi ngi dng.
Hin nay c nhiu phin bn ca Excel nh Excel 5.0, Excel 95, Excel 97, Excel
2000. Chng trnh ny hng dn s dng Excel 2000, nu bn cha tng s dng cc
phin bn trc ca Excel th vic hc chng trnh ny cng khng c g tr ngi.
Khi hc Excel bn nn xem phn l thuyt v minh ho, sau khi ng Excel
va hc va thc tp.
I.2. c im ca Excel 2000

Excel 2000 l mt phn trong b Office 2000 ca Microsoft chy trn mi trng
t Windows 95 tr nn do Excel 2000 c nhiu im ging vi Word 2000 trong
cch nh dng v trang tr, khi s dng Excel 2000 cn ch mt s im sau:
Hu ht cc nguyn tc v cc thao tc thc hin trong Excel 5.0, Excel 95 v
Excel 97 u c th thc hin trong Excel 2000.
Cc tp tin to bi Excel 5.0, Excel 95 v Excel 97 u s tng thch trong Excel
2000, nhng cc tp tin to bi Excel 97 s khng tng thch vi cc phin bn trc,
tuy nhin nu cn Excel 97 c th ghi tp tin di dng tng thch vi cc phin bn
trc.
Excel 2000 khng chy trn Windows 3.x.
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Gio trnh Excel
* B Offce 2000 bao gm Word 2000 (son tho vn bn), Excel 2000 (X l
bng tnh), Access 2000 (qun tr c s d liu), Power Point 2000 (thuyt trnh) v
Outlook 2000 (th tn in t), FrontPage (lp trnh Web).
II. Khi ng v thot khi Excel

II.1. Khi ng Excel:
lm vic vi Excel, hy thc hin nh sau: Start\Programs\Microsoft Excel
(xem hnh)
Cng c th khi ng Excel bng cch click vo biu tng (shortcut) ca

Microsoft Excel trn mn hnh Windows, hay click vo biu tng
trn thanh
Office Bar
II.2. Thot khi Excel:

Cng nh cc chng trnh ng dng khc, trc khi thot cn phi lu li d
liu, sau thot bng mt trong nhng cch sau:
C1: Chn File\ Exit
C2: Click nt
gc bn phi thanh tiu .
C3: Double click biu trng
pha trn tri thanh tiu .
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Gio trnh Excel
C3: Nhn t hp phm Alt+F4.

C4: Click biu trng
pha trn tri thanh tiu khi xut hin mt trnh
n chn Close.
C5: Right Click biu trng
trn thanh Taskbar
khi xut hin mt trnh n chn Close.

Trong trng hp cha lu li nhng thay i trn bng tnh vo a, s xut hin
thng bo nh sau:
Kch nt Yes nu mun lu nhng thay i vo a, nu khng mun, hy kch nt

No, quay tr li chn Cancel lm tip.
III. Mn hnh lm vic ca Excel

III.1. Mn hnh Excel
Trn mn hnh Excel, ch n cc thnh phn sau:
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Gio trnh Excel
- Thanh tiu (Title bar): cha tn phn mm ng dng (Microsoft Excel) v tn

tp. Tn ngm nh do Excel t l Book 1, Book 2, ...
- Thanh thc n (Menu bar): cha b lnh ca Excel. y l ni cho php thc
hin nhng lnh c bn nht ca Excel. Thc n chnh ca Excel bao gm: File, Exit,
View, Insert, Format, Tools, Data, Windows, Help. Cch s dng thc n v cc lnh
trn thc n s c ln lt gii thiu trong cc phn sau.
- Thanh cng c chun (Standard Toolbar): cha cc nt gip thc hin nhanh
(New), gi file c
cc thao tc c bn nht nh: m file mi

a
(Open), ghi file vo
(Save), ....
- Thanh cng c nh dng (Formatting toolbar): cha cc nt gip nh dng
nhanh d liu nh: chn font cho d liu
(font), chn c font cho d liu
(Font size), ....

- Hp a ch (Name box): cho bit a ch ca hin thi.
- Dng nhp d liu (Formula bar): cha d liu hoc cng thc ca hin thi
trong bng tnh.
- Bng tnh (Work sheet): phn bng tnh, l ni lm vic ch yu trong Excel.
- Danh sch cc sheet (Sheet tabs): cha danh sch cc bng tnh trong file hin
thi. Ngm nh, cc bng tnh c tn l Sheet 1, Sheet 2, Sheet 3, ... Cc tn ny c th
i c (xem phn sau).
- Thanh trng thi (Status bar): hin cc thng bo v trng thi lm vic hin thi
ca bng tnh.
III.2. nh dng mn hnh Excel

Mn hnh chun ca Excel c cc thnh phn nh trnh by, tuy nhin c th
lm n i cc thanh cng c khng cn thit, hoc cho hin th thm cc thanh cng c
khc bng cch click m trnh n View v chn:
Formula Bar : Thanh cng thc.
Status Bar : Thanh trng thi.
ToolBar : Thanh cng c, c nhiu thanh cng c nh:
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+ Standard : Chun.
+ Formatting : nh dng.
+ Drawing : V.
+ Picture : Hiu chnh hnh.
+
(Click vo tn cc thanh
cng c chn hoc hu b).
C th di chuyn v tr
hin th ca cc thanh cng c
bng cch click & drag ti
khong trng hoc thanh tiu
ca chng a n v tr khc
trn mn hnh.
IV. Gii thiu bng tnh ca Excel

IV.1. Workbook
Mi Workbook tng ng vi mt file lu trn a bao gm cc Work sheet (bng
tnh), cc biu (Chart), .... Trong mt Workbook c th c ti a 255 sheet. Cc phin
bn c t Excel 95 tr v trc, my thng m ngm nh 16 sheet. T Excel 97, my
m ngm nh 3 Sheet. Trong Excel cho php thay i s Sheet ngm nh ny bng
cch s dng thc n Tools \ Options. Trong hp Sheet in new workbook ca mc
General g s Sheet ngm nh mun m trong file mi.
D liu trn cc bng tnh khc nhau c th lin h vi nhau nh trn mt bng
tnh.
IV.2. Worksheet
Mt tp tin Excel (Book) s c nhiu bng tnh (Worksheet), trn mi bng tnh
bao gm cc hng (rows), cc ct (columns) v vng giao nhau gia ct v dng gi l
cc (cells).
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Gio trnh Excel
- Cc hng (rows): Excel 97 v 2000 c 65536 hng trong mt bng tnh (cc
phin bn trc n ch c 16384 hng). Tiu hng (row heading) nm u ca mi
hng v c nh s t 1 n 65536.
- Cc ct (columns): trong mt bng tnh ca Excel c 256 ct. Tiu ca ct

(column heading) c nh s theo A, B, C, ..., IU, IV.
- Cc (cells): Mi u c a ch ring, a ch ny c xc nh bng tn ca
ct v tn ca dng to ra (Tn ct lun ng trc tn dng).
V d: A1 ( giao gia ct A v hng 1), E200 ( giao gia ct E v hng 200).
a ch hin thi hin ln trong Cell reference.
- Vng (Range): L tp hp nhiu ng lin nhau (hnh ch nht cha t hai
tr ln), a ch ca vng c xc nh bng a ch ca bn tri v gc di phi
ca vng. a ch vng c k hiu theo quy tc: a ch ca hai i din cch nhau
bi du hai chm (:). V d B4:D7 l a ch vng gm cc B4, B5, B6, B7, C4, C5,
C6, C7, D4, D5, D6, D7.
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Gio trnh Excel
Cu hi v bi tp
1. Nu cc cch khi ng v thot khi Excel.
2. M ca s Excel, quan st v hc thuc tn cc phn t trong bng tnh Excel.
3. Phn bit s khc nhau gia mt Workbook v mt Worksheet.
4. S hng v s ct trong cc phin bn khc nhau ca Excel (Excel 5.0, Excel
7.0, Excel 97) c ging nhau hay khng?
5. Cc a ch cng A1:C4, C7:C12, B6:E6 ch nhng no trong bng tnh?
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Bi 2: Nhp d liu vo bng tnh v

cc thao tc vi tp
I. Cc kiu d liu trong Excel
Trc khi nhp d liu vo bng tnh, chng ta phi hiu c mt s khi nim
c bn v kiu d liu trong bng tnh trnh s sai st v nhm ln trong qu trnh tnh
ton v x l d liu sau ny.
Trong mt ch c th cha mt kiu d liu, kiu d liu ca ph thuc vo k
t u tin, Excel phn bit cc loi d liu:
- Hng (constant value)
- Cng thc (formula value)
- Cc kiu li v cc gi tr logic
I.1. Kiu hng:

Kiu hng l gi tr khng i. Cc gi tr ny c th l ch (text) hoc s
(number)
I.1.1. Text:
Nu trn dng nhp liu c cha ch th Excel hiu l kiu k t, ch mc
nh s hin th pha bn tri ca .
V d: Bng im, Danh sch hc sinh, ....
Nu trn dng nhp d liu c cha t nht mt ch hoc mt k t dng *, !, &, #,
? hoc du cch (space) tr ln th Excel t ng hiu d liu nhp vo c kiu k t
(text). V d: 123?, #78965, 120 456, ...
Nu g ton s m mun my hiu l k t th phi g bt u bng du ('). V d:
Nu mun g mt xu k t l cc ch s 12345 th phi g '12345.
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I.1.2. Number
K t nhp vo l s, ch mc nh d liu dng s s hin th pha bn
phi ca . Nu s m c th nhp du "-" pha trc hoc trong du ngoc n.
Number bao gm:
- Cc s thng thng, v d 2345, 56.89, ....
- Kiu ngy thng: Nhp ngy thng bnh thng vi du phn cch l gch ngang
(-) hay gch ng (/). Phn thng Excel c th hin th s hoc ch bng ting Anh, quy
nh cch hin th trong hp thoi Format Cell. Mt cch ngm nh, Excel lu tr cc s
ngy thng theo cc s nguyn t 1 n 2958525, tnh t ngy 1/1/1900 n 31/12/9999.
- Kiu thi gian: Excel lu tr s thi gian theo cc s thp phn t 0 n
0.99999999 bt u t 0:00:00 (12:00:00 A.M.) n 23:59:59 (11:59:59 P.M.).
I.2. Kiu cng thc

Cng thc l mt biu thc cha cc hng, cc a ch , cc hm v cc ton t.
Cng thc phi bt u bi du bng (=), du cng (+), du a cng @.
Dng tng qut ca cng thc:
= <biu thc>
Gi tr hin th trong cha cng thc s l kt qu ca cng thc .
V d: Kch chut vo B2 v g = 10+20+30, sau n phm Enter. Khi , kt
qu hin trong B2 s l 60.
I.3. Kiu logic v cc li

V d: Cc gi tr logic nh TRUE, FALSE hoc cc li nh #VALUE!, ... khng
t g vo bng c m ch xut hin khi tr li gi tr ca hm hoc biu thc logic
hoc khi xut hin li.
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II. Cch nhp ch ting Vit

C nhiu cch g ting Vit, nhng ph bin nht l kiu g VNI v TELEX.
II.1. Kiu g VNI:

Kiu g ny dng cc phm s (hng phm s bn trn cc ch ci) b du. Cc
phm c quy nh nh sau:
Sc (1), Huyn (2), Hi (3), Ng (4), Nng (5), du m , (6), du mc , (7),
du (8), du ngang (9).
Cch g : G phm du ngay sau cc nguyn m (O, Y, E, I, U, A).
* Khi b du sai phi xo c nguyn m v g li.
II.2. Kiu g TELEX:

Kiu g ny dng 2 ch ci k tip nhau khng theo nguyn tc ca ch ting
Vit th hin du. th hin du theo quy nh sau:
(aa), (aw), (ee), (uw), (oo), (ow), (dd), sc (s), huyn (f), nng (j), hi
(r), ng (x), xo du (z).
G ch ci trc v c th b du sau khi g xong ch , hoc b du sau khi g
nguyn m, nu b du cho ch hoa phi nhn thm phm Shift.
III. Nhp v chnh sa d liu

III.1. Quy tc chung
Vic nhp d liu vo bng tnh c thc hin theo cc bc sau:
1. Kch hot cn nhp d liu v nhp bnh thng hoc Click ti thanh cng
thc nhp d liu cho ang chn.
2. Khi bt u g bt k k t no t bn phm, k t s u c th hin trn
dng nhp d liu (formula bar) v con tr text (c dng | ) nhp nhy trong hin thi.
Nu g nhm, hy nhn phm Backspace xo li v tip tc g d liu vo.
Trong khi g d liu, c th dng cc phm sau:
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+ End: chuyn nhanh con tr text ti cui phn d liu trn dng nhp d
liu.
+ Home: chuyn nhanh con tr text ti u phn d liu.
+ Backspace: xo cc k t bn tri ca tr Text.
+ Delete: xo k t bn phi ca tr Text.
3. Nhn phm Enter chuyn sang tip theo.
Ch :
thay vic n Enter c th dng cc phm ch hng (Left Arrow), (Right
Arrow), (Up Arrow), (Down Arrow).
Nu thay i nh nhp d liu trc khi n Enter, hy nhn phm ESC hoc
kch vo hp X trn dng nhp d liu. Khi d liu va g s khng c nhp vo
hin thi.
III.2. Mt s th thut nhp d liu nhanh

Excel cho php nhp d liu nhanh nh sau:
Nu d liu cn nhp l mt dy s hoc ch tun theo mt quy lut no , v d
nh cc dy:
1, 2, 3, 4, ....
2, 4, 6, 8, ....
Jan, Feb, Mar, ...
Mon, Tue, Wed, ...
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ta c th nhp nhanh nh sau:

1. G d liu vo hai u ca dy (hoc ch cn g vo mt u ca dy trong
trng hp cn nhp dy thng hoc ngy trong tun).
2. Chn hai (hoc mt) u.
3. t tr chut ti Fillhandle cho bin thnh du +. Sau r chut sang phi
hoc xung di tng dy s.
V d:
Nu cn nhp d liu ging ht nhau trong mt hoc vi vng, hy lm nh sau:

1. Chn vng nh vo d liu (lin nhau hoc cch nhau).
2. G d liu vo hin thi.
3. Gi Ctrl v nhn Enter.
V d: H1, H3, H4, H6 u c d liu l kg. nhp nhanh d liu vo cc
ny cn thc hin nh sau: Phi chn cc H1, H3, H4, H6 (gi phm Ctrl khi cn chn
cc khng nm cnh nhau). G ch "kg" vo H6. Tip tc gi Ctrl v nhn phm
Enter, kt qu c bn H1, H3, H4, H6 u c cng ch "kg".
Xem hng dn trong hnh sau:
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Nu nh g d liu vo mt vng xc nh, hy lm nh sau:

1. Chn sn vng cn vo d liu.
2. G d liu vo u, sau nhn Tab chuyn con tr sang phi, sau
xung di (xem chiu mi tn).
Nhn Shift + Tab chuyn con tr theo chiu ngc li.

Nhn phm Enter chuyn con tr xung di, sau sang phi.
III.3. G d liu kiu text

g text vo mt , g text cn nhp v n Enter. Excel s t ng dng hng
text v mp tri ca (xem hnh 2.8)
Hnh 2.8
Ch :
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Khi text di hn rng ca mt , Excel cho php ko di k t sang cc ln

cn bn phi, nu chng rng (xem d liu trong A1 trn hnh 2.8).
Trong trng hp cc bn phi cha d liu th ta s khng nhn thy mt

phn text va g vo (xem d liu trong cc B5, B6 - d liu g vo l "Trn
Thanh Bnh" v "Hong Tun Hng"). ng lo lng v iu , text do ta g
vo vn cn nguyn vn trong hin thi ch b giu i mt phn thi. Chng ta
s c hc cch iu chnh rng hoc nh dng text trong bi sau.
III.4. G d liu kiu s

G s thng thng: g mt s thng thng vo bng tnh, hy lm nh sau:
1. Chn mun g s.
2. G s cn nhp.
3. Nhn Enter.
S c nhp vo s c dn sang bn phi .
V d: mun g s 5567 vo C8, hy kch C8, g s 5567 v nhn Enter.
Ch :
Mt cch ngm nh, trong Excel, phn thp phn c ngn cch vi phn
nguyn bi du chm (.). Do chng ta phi g s 345.6 ch khng c g
345,6. Nu g 345,6 Excel s hiu l d liu kiu text.
Khi g mt s m, hy g du tr (-), sau g tip nhng con s. V d, -123, 564, -45.765, ...
Khi s c g vo di hn rng ca mt , Excel s th hin s di dng

nh 3E+04 (dng khoa hc, ngha l 3 nhn vi 104) hoc ######. xem ton
b s, hy ni rng rng ct (xem phn sau).
III.5. G d liu kiu ngy thng

Khi g d liu kiu ngy thng v gi trong bng tnh, ta ch vic g chng theo
nhng mu m Excel c th t ng nhn bit.
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Bng sau y lit k cc khun dng ngy thng (Date) v thi gian (Time) ca
Excel.
G
Kiu
Ghi ch
4 Apr
d mmm
Ngy, thng
9/23/89
23 - Sep - 89
Sep - 89
12:01 Am
12:01:00 Am
12:01
m/d/y
d-mmm-yy
Thng, ngy, nm
Ngy, thng, nm
mmm yy
Thng v nm
h:mm AM/PM
h:mm:ss AM/PM
h:mm
Gi, pht sng hoc chiu

Gi, pht, giy sng hoc chiu
Gi, pht
12:01:00
9/23/89 12:00
h:mm:ss
m/d/yy h:mm
Gi, pht, giy

Thng, ngy, nm, gi, pht
Ch : C th g du "/ " hoc du "-" ngn cch gia cc k t ch ngy

thng. V d: 1/23/94 hoc 23 - Jan -94.
C th g ngy v gi trong cng mt nhng bt buc ngy v gi phi phn

cch nhau bi mt du trng. V d 1/23/94 1:30 AM.
IV. Cc phng tin sa v xo

IV.1. Sa d liu
Sau khi g d liu, i khi ta cn sa li d liu cho chnh xc. C th sa d liu
trong cc trng hp sau:
IV.2. Thay ton b d liu c bng d liu hon ton mi

1. Chn cha d liu mun thay th.
2. G d liu mi.
3. Nhn phm Enter.
V d: Nu mun thay s "564" trong B8 bi s 200000, hy kch chut vo
B8, g 200000 v nhn Enter.
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IV.3. Sa mt phn ni dung trong

1. Chn cn sa ni dung.
2. G phm F2 hoc kch chut vo dng nhp d liu sao cho xut hin tr text
cui phn d liu trong hin thi hoc trong dng nhp d liu.
3. Nu cn thit, dng cc phm mi tn chuyn n cc v tr cn sa.
4. Xo phn d liu sai bng cc phm Delete hoc Backspace hoc g thm phn
d liu cn b sung.
5. Nhn phm Enter sau khi sa xong d liu.
V d: Nu mun sa "Phm T Hi" thnh "Phm Thanh Hi" ti C5, hy kch
chut vo C5. Sau khi nhn phm F2, con tr text xut hin cui phn d liu, dng
phm Left Arrow chuyn tr text ti sau ch T, g thm "hanh" v n phm Enter.
IV.4. Xo d liu
1. Chn cha d liu cn xo.
2. Nhn phm Delete.
V. Cch di chuyn con tr trong bng tnh

Khi lm vic vi bng tnh, cn ch ti v tr con tr trong bng tnh
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Khi cn nhp, sa, xo d liu hoc g cng thc ti no, cn chuyn con tr
bn ghi ti .
V.1. Di chuyn con tr bng chut

Kch chut ti mun chn.
Trong trng hp cn chn khng xut hin trn mn hnh, kch chut vo cc
mi tn ca thanh cun dc (Vertical scroll bar) hoc thanh cun ngang (horizontal bar)
cun ti min bng tnh cn thit v kch vo cn chn.
V.2. Di chuyn con tr bng bn phm

Phm
Cng dng
, Shift + Tab
chuyn con tr qua tri mt .
, Tab
chuyn con tr qua phi mt .
chuyn con tr xung di mt .
chuyn con tr xung di mt .
Ctrl + ,
chuyn con tr n bn tri nht hoc bn phi nht ca

vng d liu.
Ctrl + ,
chuyn con tr n nh hoc y ca vng d liu (tc vng

trn bng tnh c cha d liu).
PgUp
chuyn con tr ln mt mn hnh.
PgDn
chuyn con tr xung di mt mn hnh.
Home
chuyn con tr ti bn tri nht trong mt hng.
Ctrl + Home
chuyn con tr ti gc trn bn tri ca bng tnh.
Ctrl + End
chuyn con tr ti gc di bn tri ca bng tnh.
End+, End, C tc dng nh sau: nu hin thi l trng, s di chuyn n

End+,
trng k tip theo hng mi tn. Nu hin thi ang cha ni
End+
dung, s di chuyn theo hng mi tn n k tip c cha ni

dung.
End + Enter
Chuyn con tr ti ct cui cng trong hng.
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V.3. Dng hp hi thoi GoTo

1. Nhn phm F5 hoc kch thc n Edit v kch tip lnh GoTo, xut hin hp
hi thoi.
2. G a ch ca hp mun chuyn ti trong hp Reference, v d I45. Mun

chuyn ti mt trn bng tnh c th no , g tn bng tnh, du chm than v a ch
. V d, Sheet2!H50.
3. Click OK.
Ghi ch:
C th chuyn nhanh ti cn chn bng cch g a ch cn chuyn ti trong
hp Name Box v n Enter.
VI. Cc thao tc vi file d liu

VI.1. Ghi file hin thi vo a
Sau khi nhp d liu vo my, d liu mi ch lu tr trong b nh ca my tnh.
Nu thot khi Excel, d liu s mt, do cn phi lu tr cc d liu vo a
sau s dng sau.
Cc bc thc hin:
1. M thc n File, kch chut vo lnh Save (hoc kch chut vo nt Save
trn Standard toolbar).
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Gio trnh Excel
2. Nu y l ln u tin lu file vo a, Excel s xut hin hp hi thoi Save

As (xem hnh).
3. Trong hp Save in kch chut vo nt Combo, xut hin cu trc folder (th
mc), kch p chut vo tn cc th mc chn th mc s lu tr file.
V d: Nu mun lu tr file trong th mc Baihoc thuc C, hy kch chut vo
nt Combo, sau kch p vo tn a C v kch p tip vo tn th mc Bangtinh
(xem hnh)
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Gio trnh Excel
3. Kch chut vo hp File name, xo ch Book1, g tn file mi, v d BD10A.

Tn file trong mi trng Windows 9x cho php ti a 255 k t, trong khi mi trng
DOS v Windows 3.1, tn file ch c php ti a 8 k t.
4. Nhn phm Enter hoc kch nt Save.
Excel t ng gn phn m rng .XLS vo tn file. Do tn file y lc ny
l BD10A.xls. Tn file va t s xut hin trn thanh tiu ca bng tnh.
Ghi ch:
Trong trng hp tn file va g vo trng vi tn file c sn ti chnh th mc

va chn, s xut hin thng bo tng t nh sau
My thng bo rng tn ti file BD10A.xls ti th mc Bangtinh ca a C,

bn c mun thay th file c hay khng? Nu kch bt Yes, my s xo file c v
ghi ni dung ca file mi vo a vi tn c. Nu chn No, th file c s c gi
nguyn v ni dung ca file mi s khng c ghi vo a.
Khi ghi file t ln th hai tr i, lnh Save s ghi d liu c b sung hoc thay
i ca file vo a m khng xut hin hp hi thoi.
VI.2. Ghi file hin thi vo a vi tn khc

C th sao chp file hin thi trn my tnh thnh file khc vi ni dung hin ti
bng cch sau:
1. M thc n File v chn lnh Save As. Xut hin hp hi thoi nh hnh 3.1.
2. Nu sao chp thnh file mi ti th mc c th ch vic xo tn file c trong hp
File name v g tn mi.
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Khoa CNTT
Gio trnh Excel
Nu mun gi nguyn tn file c nhng sao ti a hoc th mc khc th ch

vic chn li a hoc th mc trong hp Save in.
Nu mun i c tn file v ni lu tr file th phi lm c hai vic trn.
3. Nhn Enter hockch nt Save.
Sau bc th 3, Excel s ghi ni dung hin thi trn my tnh vo a vo mt file
mi vi tn file khc hoc vi tn file c nhng t v tr khc.
* Mun lu tp tin dng phin bn khc ca Excel, m khung Save as type
chn.
* C th click nt Tools\General Option (m hp thoi Save Option) c thm
nhng la chn khc.
+ Always create backup: Lun lu li tp tin c khi sa i.

+ Read-only recommended: Thuc tnh ch c xem
+ Password to open: Mt khu khi m tp
+ Password to modify: Mt khi m sa.
VI.3. Gi mt file c sn t a ra mn hnh

Khi mun gi mt file c lu tr t a ra mn hnh lm vic tip, hy
thc hin cc bc sau:
21
Khoa CNTT
Gio trnh Excel
1. M thc n File, chn lnh Open (hoc kch nt Open
trn Standard
toolbar). Xut hin hp hi thoi Open.

2. Trong hp Save in, chn a v th mc lu tr file cn m.
3. Kch p vo tn file cn m. Hoc kch chn tn file cn m v kch vo nt
Open.
V d: Cc bc m file BD10A.xls c tin hnh theo cc bc nh hnh sau:
Ghi ch:
Mt cch ngm nh, Excel lu tr 4 file c m gn nht cui thc n file.

Do , m mt trong 4 file ch vic kch vo thc n File v kch vo tn
file cn m.
Trong Windows 9x, c th m file c s dng thng xuyn bng cch kch
vo nt Start, tr tip vo Documents v kch vo tn file cn m.
Ti mt thi im c th m nhiu file ca Excel. C th xem danh sch cc file

ang m di thc n Window. Khi cn kch hot file no, hy kch vo tn
file .
VI.4. To mt file mi
to mt file mi hy lm nh sau:
22
Khoa CNTT
Gio trnh Excel
M thc n File, chn lnh New, xut hin hp hi thoi:
Hnh 3.5
2. Chn Workbook v kch OK.
Ghi ch:
C th dng nt New
trn Standard toolbar.
VI.5. ng file hin thi

1. M thc n File.
2. Kch chn lnh Close.
Nu ni dung file c thay i, s xut hin thng bo nh hnh 1.3. Ch la
chn cch tr li thch hp (Yes - nu mun lu nhng thay i, No - nu khng mun
lu li nhng thay i).
23
Khoa CNTT
Gio trnh Excel
Cu hi v bi tp
1. Phn bit s khc nhau sau khi g mt chui k t v sau khi g mt dy s.
2. Ti sao khi g s 100000 di dng 100 000 vo mt ca bng tnh v nhn
phm Enter th d liu li nm bn tri .
3. Ti sao khi g ngy 26 thng 3 nm 1999 di dng 26/3/99 v nhn phm Enter
th d liu li nm bn tri .
4. Nhp cc d liu vo bng tnh theo mu sau. Khi nhp, ch s dng cc k

thut nhp nhanh. Sau khi nhp d liu xong, kim tra v iu chnh d liu cho
tht chnh xc. Thot khi Excel, xut hin hp hi thoi hi ta c lu tr file hin
thi vo a khng, hy kch nt Yes v ghi vo a vi tn BD10A.xls.
A
Bng im hc k I
Mn: Ton
Lp: 10 A
H s 2
H s 3
1T
HK
4
5
H s 1
STT
H v tn
L Vn Thanh
Ngy sinh
15'
6/17/83
Hong Quc Tun
5/4/83
10
Nguyn Mnh H
9/12/83
10
L Thu Nga
4/24/83
11
Phm Hng Vn
1/12/83
12
Nguyn Thu Thu
6/4/83
13
Hong Vn Trang
9/12/83
10
14
V Tun Hng
6/20/83
15
V Thanh Hng
9/25/83
10
16
10 L Hng Nga
3/15/83
5. Nu chc nng ca cc lnh New, Save, Save As, Open, Close v Exit trn thc
n File.
6. Nu s ging v khc nhau gi hai lnh Save v Save As.
24
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Gio trnh Excel
7. M file va ghi, sa d liu ca bi tp s 4 trong bi trn v ghi vo a vi

tn BD10A.xls.
8. Dng lnh Save As sao chp thnh file BD10B.xls trong cng th mc. Sau
sa li theo mu sau v ghi li vo a.
A
Bng im hc k I
Mn: Ton
Lp: 10 B
4
5
H s 1
H v tn
Ngy sinh
15'
H s 3
STT
Nguyn Vn Anh
6/7/83
V Ho Bnh
6/7/83
Hong Mnh Thng
7/6/83
10
10
Nguyn Hong Hi
8/1/83
11
Phm Hng Vn
7/3/83
12
Hong Thu Trang
6/5/83
10
13
Phm Anh Tun
5/18/83
14
Trn Thanh Hi
5/8/83
10
10
15
Nguyn Hong H
6/7/83
10
16
10 Nguyn Thanh Tng
6/15/83
25
H s 2
1T
HK
Khoa CNTT
Gio trnh Excel
Bi 3: Cc thao tc vi
hng, ct, trong mt bng tnh
I. nh dng ct, dng,
I.1. Thay i rng ct
I.1.1. Dng chut
1. Chn s ct cn iu chnh rng.
2. t chut mp phi vng chn ti phn tiu ct sao cho bin thnh dng
mi tn hai u
3. R chut sang tri hoc phi gim hoc tng rng ct.
4. Th chut khi ng .
I.1.2. Dng thc n
1. Chn s ct cn iu chnh rng.
2. M thc n Format, tr vo lnh Column v kch tip vo Width, xut hin
hp hi thoi
3. Trong hp Colummn width, g tr s cho rng ct theo cc gi tr t 0 ti

255 (biu th cho s k t c php g theo rng ca ).
4. Kch OK.
I.2. Thay i cao hng

I.2.1. Dng chut
1. Chn s hng cn iu chnh cao.
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Gio trnh Excel
2. t chut mp di vng chn ti phn tiu hng sao cho bin thnh dng
mi tn hai u.
3. R chut xung di hoc ln trn gim hoc tng cao ca hng. Th
chut khi ng .
I.2.2. Dng thc n
1. Chn s hng cn iu chnh cao.
2. M thc n Format, tr vo lnh Row v kch tip vo Height, xut hin hp
hi thoi
3. Trong hp Row height, g tr s cho cao ca hng theo cc gi tr t 0 ti

409 (biu th cho chm im pt c php g theo cao ca hng).
4. Kch OK.
Ghi ch:
Nu mun rng ct hoc cao ca hng va kht vi ni dung di nht c

cha trong n, hy kch p vo mp phi hoc mp di trong cc vng tiu
ct hoc hng.
I.3. Ni v tch :
Ni: Chn nhng mun ni, click biu tng trn thanh cng c ni.
Tch: (ch tch c nhn ni) Chn ni, s dng Menu Edit\Clear\
Formats.
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Khoa CNTT
Gio trnh Excel
II. Cch chn hng, ct v

II.1. Chn hng
Chn mt hng: kch chut vo tiu ca hng .
Chn nhiu hng lin nhau: kch v r chut trongvng tiu hng; hoc kch
vo tiu hng u, gi Shift v kch vo tiu hng cui.
Chn nhiu hng cch nhau: kch vo mt tiu hng, gi Ctrl v kch vo cc
tiu hng cn li.
II.2. Chn ct
Chn mt ct: kch chut vo tiu ca ct .
Chn nhiu ct lin nhau: kch v r chut trong vng tiu ct; hoc kch vo
tiu ct u, gi Shift v kch vo tiu ct cui.
Chn cc ct cch nhau: kch vo tiu mt ct, gi Ctrl v kch vo cc tiu

ct cn li.
II.3. Chn
Chn mt : kch chut vo cn chn.
Chn nhiu lin nhau: kch v r chut chn; hoc kch vo mt , gi Shift
v kch i din trong vng cn chn.
Chn cc cch nhau: kch chn mt , gi Ctrl v kch vo cc cn li.
III. Cch chn hng, ct v

i khi sau khi g d liu, ta c nhu cu chn thm hng, ct hoc in thm
d liu. Cc thao tc chn thm c thc hin nh sau.
III.1. Chn hng

1. Chn s hng cn chn bng cch r chut ti vng tiu hng.
2. Kch nt phi ca chut ti vng chn xut hin thc n ngn v chn lnh
Insert (hoc m thc n Insert v chn lnh Rows).
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Khoa CNTT
Gio trnh Excel
3. Nu cn thit, g ni dung vo cc hng trng va chn thm

V d:
III.2. Chn ct
1. Chn s ct cn chn bng cch r chut ti vng tiu ct.
Insert (hoc m thc n Insert v chn lnh Columns).
3. Nu cn thit, g ni dung vo cc ct trng va chn thm
V d:
III.3. Chn
1. Chn s cn chn
Kch nt phi ca chut ti vng chn xut hin thc n ngn v chn lnh
Insert (hoc m thc n Insert v chn lnh Cells). Xut hin hp hi thoi
3. Chn mt trong cc la chn sau:

- Shift Cells Right: chn v y cc c chn sang phi.
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Khoa CNTT
Gio trnh Excel
- Shift Cell Downs: chn v y cc c chn xung di.

- Entire Row: chn ton b cc hng trng ln pha trn cc chn.
- Entire Colummn: chn ton b cc ct trng vo bn tri cc chn.
4. Kch vo OK.
5. Nu cn thit, g ni dung vo cc trng va chn thm
V d:
IV. Hu
hng, ct v
Khi cn hu hng, ct hoc hy thc hin theo cc cch sau.
IV.1. Hu hng
1. Chn s hng cn hu bng cch r chut ti vng tiu hng.
Delete (hoc m thc n Edit v chn lnh Delete).
IV.2. Hu ct
1. Chn s ct cn hu bng cch r chut ti vng tiu ct.

Delete (hoc m thc n Edit v chn lnh Delete).
V d:
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Gio trnh Excel
IV.3. Hu
1. Chn s cn chn
Kch nt phi ca chut ti vng chn xut hin thc n ngn v chn lnh
Delete (hoc m thc n Edit v chn lnh Delete). Xut hin hp hi thoi:
3. Chn mt trong cc la chn sau:

- Shift Cells left: hu cc c chn v y cc bn phi va hu sang tri.
- Shift Cell up: hu cc c chn v y cc bn di c chn ln trn.
- Entire Row: hu ton b cc hng cha cc chn.
- Entire Column: hu ton b cc ct cha cc chn.
4. Kch vo OK.
V d:
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Khoa CNTT
Gio trnh Excel
V. Cc thao tc vi cc bng tnh trong mt Workbook

V.1. Kch hot mt bng tnh
Trong mt Workbook c rt nhiu WorkSheet, kch hot mt worksheet, hy

lm nh sau:
Cch 1: Kch chut vo tn Worksheet cn kch hot.
Nu khng nhn thy tn Worksheet cn thit, hy dng cc nt chuyn sau
hin tn Worksheet cn kch hot trongdanh sch cc sheet v kch vo tn n.
Nt
Tc dng
chuyn ti tn bng tnh tip sau
chuyn ti tn bng tnh cui cng
chuyn ti tn bng tnh ngay trc
chuyn ti tn bng tnh u tin
Cch 2: kch nt phi chut ti vng cc nt chuyn ni trn, xut hin danh sch
cc sheet. Kch chut vo tn sheet cn kch hot. Nu s sheet trn bng tnh nhiu hn
16 sheet, kch tip vo More sheets..., xut hin hp hi thoi Activate, kch vo tn sheet
cn thit v kch nt OK.
V.2. i tn bng tnh
Tn ngm nh Excel t cho cc Worksheet l Sheet 1, Sheet 2, Sheet 3, ... Trong

qu trnh lm vic thc t, vic gi nguyn tn nh vy s dn n kh khn trong vic
phi nh Sheet no cha ni dung g khi chng ta s dng qu nhiu bng tnh. Excel
cho php i tn cc Worksheet theo cc bc sau:
1. Kch nt phi chut ti tn Worksheet cn i, v d kch nt phi ti tn Sheet.
Xut hin thc n ngn:
32
Khoa CNTT
Gio trnh Excel
2. Kch tip vo Rename. Mt qung en bao quanh tn c.

3. G tn mi (v d, HKI-10A, nu Sheet 1 cha bng im hc k I ca lp
10A).
4. Nhn Enter.
V.3. Chn thm bng tnh mi
Trong Excel ngm nh c ba bng tnh c m trong mt Workbook. Chng ta

c th chn thm bng tnh mi khi c nhu cu theo cc bc sau:
1. Kch nt phi ti v tr cn chn thm bng tnh trong danh sch cc Sheet, v d
Sheet 3. Xut hin thc n ngn.
2. Kch vo Insert..., xut hin hp hi thoi Insert.
3. Kch chn Worksheet v kch OK. Bng tnh mi s c chn vo v tr hin

thi v y sheet c (trong trng hp ny l Sheet 3) sang bn phi.
V.4. Xo bng tnh
Excel cn cho php xo cc bng tnh. Khi xo bng tnh, mi d liu trong n
u b xo sch. Cc bc thc hin nh sau:
33
Khoa CNTT
Gio trnh Excel
1. Kch nt phi chut ti tn bng tnh cn xo. Xut hin thc n ngn.
2. Kch tip vo Delete. Xut hin thng bo hi ta c thc s mun xo bng tnh
hay khng?
3. Kch OK nu mun xo tht. Kch Cancel nu khng mun xo na.
V.5. Di chuyn hoc sao chp mt bng tnh
i khi chng ta c nhu cu chuyn hai bng tnh xa nhau nm cnh nhau hoc
chuyn mt bng tnh ti file khc hoc c nhu cu sao chp thnh hai bng tnh ging
ht nhau.
lm iu , hy thc hin theo cc bc sau:
1. Kch nt phi ti tn bng tnh mun di chuyn hoc sao chp, xut hin thc
n ngn.
2. Kch vo Move or Copy..., xut hin hp hi thoi sau
3. Ti hp To book, chn tn file cn chuyn hoc sao chp bng tnh ti . Nu

ch di chuyn hoc sao chp trong file hin thi th khng cn phi chn trong hp ny.
Nu mun di chuyn hoc sao chp ti file mi th chn (New book).
4. Trong hp Before sheet, chn tn sheet s nm bn phi bng tnh ch sau khi
di chuyn hoc sao chp.
5. Kch OK nu mun di chuyn bng tnh.
Trong trng hp mun sao chp th phi kch chn Create a copy ri mi kch
OK.
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Gio trnh Excel
Cu hi v bi tp
1. Nu cc thao tc chn hng, ct v .
2. Nu cc thao tc chn v hu cc hng, ct, .
3. Nu s khc nhau gia vic hu mt v xo d liu trong mt mt .
4. Hy nu cch lm cho rng ca 5 ct lin nhau trong mt bng tnh va kht
ni dung ca chng ch bng hai ng tc chut.
5. iu chnh rng ct, cao hng bng chut v bng thc n khc nhau nh
th no v chnh xc.
6. Thc hnh cc thao tc kch hot bng tnh theo hng dn trong bi.
7. M file BD10A.xl v BD10B.xls, chn thm ct gii tnh v in d liu theo mu

sau v ghi li vo a.
Mu 1:
A
H s 2
H s 3
1 Bng im hc k I
2 Mn: Ton
3 Lp: 10 A
4
H s 1
5
6 STT H v tn
Ngy sinh Gii tnh M
15'
1T
HK
L Vn Thanh
6/17/83
Nam
Hong Quc Tun
5/4/83
Nam
10
Nguyn Mnh H
9/12/83
Nam
10
L Thu Nga
4/24/83
11
Phm Hng Vn
1/12/83
12
Nguyn Thu Thu
6/4/83
13
Hong Vn Trang
9/12/83
10
14
V Tun Hng
6/20/83
Nam
15
V Thanh Hng
9/25/83
10
3/15/83
16 10 L Hng Nga
Mu 2:
A
B
1
Bng im hc k I
35
Khoa CNTT
Gio trnh Excel
Mn: Ton
Lp: 10 B
4
H s 1
5
6
STT H v tn
H s 2
H s 3
Ngy sinh Gii tnh M
15'
1T
HK
Nguyn Vn Anh
6/7/83
V Ho Bnh
6/7/83
Hong Mnh Thng 7/6/83
Nam
10
10
Nguyn Hong Hi
8/1/83
Nam
11
Phm Hng Vn
7/3/83
12
Hong Thu Trang
6/5/83
10
13
Phm Anh Tun
5/18/83
Nam
14
Trn Thanh Hi
5/8/83
Nam
10
10
15
Nguyn Hong H
6/7/83
Nam
10
16
10 Nguyn Thanh Tng 6/15/83
Nam
8. M cc file BD10A.xls v BD10B.xls v i tn cc sheet cha d liu g

thnh tn mi l HKI-10A v HKI-10B.
9. Chn thm 5 bng tnh trong file BD10A.xls v sau xo chng i.
10. Nu s khc nhau gia xo file v xo bng tnh.
11. Sao chp sheet HKI-10A trong cng file BD10A.xls v i tn thnh HKI-10A
Sau t vo im hc k II cho cc bn.
Lm tng t i vi file BD10B.xls.
12. Sao chp cc sheet HKI-10A v HKI-10B sang cng file mi c tn l

BDKHOI10.xls.
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Khoa CNTT
Gio trnh Excel
Bi 4: S dng cng thc v

cc hm tnh ton c bn
I. S dng Cng thc trong Excel
I.1. Cc ton t
Khi nim: Cng thc c th v l tr ct ca bng tnh. Mt cng thc i khi
ch l mt k hiu ton hc dng m t mi lin h gia cc con s, v d nh 5+4+10
= 19; hoc c th l mt cng thc phc tp nh dq = 1/2(d x+d y) + 1/2(d x- d y) cosq
+xysin2q
Trong Excel, cng thc bao gi cng phi bt u bi du bng "=". Dng tng
qut ca cng thc trong Excel nh sau:
= <Biu thc>
Trong , <biu thc> l tp hp cc hng, cc a ch , cc hm, cc ton
t,...Cc ton t trong mt cng thc c dng sau:
I.1.1. Ton t s:
+ (cng), / (chia)
- (tr), ^ (php lu tha)
* (nhn), % (phn trm)
I.1.2. Ton t chui
& ni chui
I.1.3. Ton t so snh
> ln hn, >= ln hn hoc bng
< nh hn, <= nh hn hoc bng
= bng, <> khc
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Gio trnh Excel
I.2. Nhp cng thc vo bng tnh

I.2.1. Quy tc chung
1. Kch hot mt trng s cha gi tr ca cng thc.
2. G du =
3. G biu thc.
4. Nhn Enter.
Sau khi nhn Enter, trn hin thi s hin gi tr cng thc, cn bn thn cng
thc hin trn dng nhp d liu.
I.2.2. Cng thc n gin
Cng thc c bn trong Excel ch l nhng php tnh, v d nh 45-10 = 35. Tuy
nhin, Excel hiu l cng thc th phi lm nh sau:
1. Chn cha kt qu.
2. G = 45 - 10
3. Nhn Enter.
Ngay sau khi nhn Enter, trong va chn xut hin gi tr 35, nhng trn dng
nhp d liu (Formula bar) xut hin cng thc va g vo.
Tuy nhin, trong Excel, him khi ngi ta g thng gi tr cn tnh ton vo cng
thc m thng dng cc a ch tham chiu n gi tr .
V d 1:
Gi s trong C1 cha s 20, trong C2 cha s 40, ta c th to cng thc:
=20+40, nhng khng nn dng cch nh vy. Thay vo , ta c th dng cng thc
sau: =C1+C2. Excel s tnh tng cc con s trong cc C1 v C2 v cho gi tr l 60.
Nu thay gi tr C2 bng 100, th gi tr ca cng thc t ng bin thnh 120.
V d 2:
38
Khoa CNTT
Gio trnh Excel
Gi s A2 cha xu k t. "Thi kho biu ", B2 cha xu k t "- Khi 10" v

trong A4 cha cng thc: =A2&C2. Khi gi tr ca A4 s l "Thi kho biu khi 10".
Ch :
Khi g cng thc phi lun lun bt u bi du bng "=". i khi, do thi quen,
nu ta g cng thc nh kiu vit tay, v d nh 20+40 =. Khi , Excel s khng hin
kt qu tnh ton v gi tr c hin th trong hin thi di dng"20+40=", v Excel
hiu l xu k t.
Trong cng thc cho php g du cch.
Nu g cng thc cha y hoc sai (v d: = 1+), v nhn Enter, Excel s

xut hin thng bo tng t nh sau:
Nu chp nhn kt qu do Excel gi , hy kch vo nt Yes. Nu mun t sa

cng thc, kch vo nt No, Excel hin tip hp hi thoi hng dn cch sa li tng
t nh sau:
Sau khi c xong hng dn, kch vo nt OK, xut hin con tr text trong cha
cng thc. Hy t sa li v nhn phm Enter.
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Gio trnh Excel
I.3. a ch tng i v tuyt i

Tn ca mi hay vng c gi l a ch ca hay vng . C 2 loi a ch:
a ch tung i v a ch tuyt i.
I.3.1. a ch tng i:
a ch bnh thng ca hoc vng khi nhp vo trong cng thc gi l a ch
tng i.
V d : = B5+F4-D6
Khi sao chp cng thc (click & drag) cc a ch tng i trong cng thc s t
bin i theo v tr tng ng ni c chp n.
V d : khi sao chp cng thc v d trn sang bn phi pha di s i
thnh =C6+C5+E7
I.3.2. a ch tuyt i:
Cc a ch trong cng thc ng sau du $ s tr
thnh a ch tuyt i. C th ch t gi tr tuyt i
theo dng v ct.
V d: =$B$5+$F4-D$6
-
$B$5 : t gi tr tuyt i c ct ln dng

(c th nhn F4).
$F4 : t gi tr tuyt i theo ct.
D$6 : t gi tr tuyt i theo dng.
Khi sao chp cng thc (click & drag), cc a ch

tuyt i trong cng thc s khng thay i.
V d : khi sao chp cng thc v d 3 sang bn phi pha di s i thnh
=$B$5+$F5+E$6
40
Khoa CNTT
Gio trnh Excel
I.4. Lin kt d liu

I.4.1. Lin kt d liu gia cc bng tnh
Trong mt tp tin Excel bao gm nhiu bng tnh (Worksheet), khi to ra cng
thc c th s dng d liu trong cc bng tnh kkhc nhau. Mun nhp a ch ca mt
mt bng tnh khc vo cng thc, cn nhp tn ca bng tnh v k t (!) trc
a ch .
V d : =D4+Sheet2!D4
( D4 ca bng tnh hin hnh cng vi D4 bng tnh Sheet2)
I.4.2. Lin kt d liu gia cc tp tin Excel:
M cc tp tin mun lin kt trn cng mt ca s Excel, mun nhp a ch
mt tp tin khc vo cng thc, nhp tn tp tin (c phn m rng .xls) trong du
ngoc vung [], v tn bng tnh (Sheet), tt c c th trong du nhy n v k t
(!) trc a ch .
V d : =D4+[ktoan.xls]Sheet1!D4
( D4 ca bng tnh hin hnh cng vi D4 Sheet1 ca tp tin ktoan.xsl)
chuyn i gia cc tp tin trong ca s Excel, chn trnh n Window\Tn
tp tin.
II. Khi nim hm trong Excel:

Gi s trong cc A3, B3, C3, D3, E3, F3 cha cc s. tnh tng cc s ny
chng ta c th dng cng thc sau: =A3+B3+C3+D3+E3+F3, nhng cch dng nhanh
hn c l s dng hm =SUM(A3:F3).
C php chung ca hm
<tn hm> ([i s])
trong :
<tn hm> c s dng theo tn quy c ca Excel.
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Gio trnh Excel
[i s] c th c hoc khng. i s c th l hng, chui k t, a ch , a

ch vng, biu thc hoc cc hm lng nhau.
Sau y, chng ti s lit k mt s hm hay dng nht.
II.1. Nhm hm s
II.1.1. Hm SQRT
Hm cn bc hai.
C php:
SQRT(number)
Trong , number l s mun ly cn bc hai. Nu s c gi tr m, hm SQRT tr

li gi tr li #NUM!.
V d:
SQRT(16) bng 4
SQRT(-16) bng #NUM!
SQRT(ABS(-16)) bng 4
II.1.2. Hm ABS
Tr li gi tr tuyt i ca s.
C php:
ABS(number)
Trong , number l s thc mun ly gi tr tuyt i.

V d:
ABS(2) bng 2
ABS(-2) bng 2
Nu A1 cha -16, th SQRT(ABS(A1)) bng 4
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Gio trnh Excel
II.1.3. Hm ROUND
Lm trn s
C php:
ROUND(number,num_digits)
Trong , number l s mun lm trn. Num_digits ch nh s ch s mun lm

trn. Nu num_digits ln hn 0 (zero), th s c lm trn n s xc nh sau s thp
phn. Nu num_digits bng 0, th number c lm trn ti phn nguyn. Nu
num_digits nh hn 0, th s c lm trn v bn tri du chm thp phn.
V d:
ROUND(2.15, 1) bng 2.2
ROUND(2.149, 1) bng 2.1
ROUND(-1.475, 2) bng -1.48
ROUND(21.5, -1) bng 20
II.2. Nhm hm thng k
II.2.1. Hm Average
Hm ny tr v gi tr trung bnh cng ca cc i s.
C php:
AVERAGE(number1,number2, ...)
Trong : Number1, number2, ... l 1 ti 30 i s.

Ghi ch:
Cc i s c th l cc hng s, tn hoc a ch cha s.
Nu a ch nm trong i s cha text, cc gi tr logic hoc cc trng th cc

gi tr ny c b qua. Tuy nhin, cc cha cc gi tr bng 0 u c tnh.
V d:
Nu A1:A5 cha cc s 10, 7, 9, 27, v 2, th:
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AVERAGE(A1:A5) bng 11
AVERAGE(A1:A5, 5) bng 10
II.2.2. Hm Max
Hm ny tr li gi tr ln nht trong tp hp cc gi tr.
C php:
MAX(number1,number2,...)
Trong : number1,number2,... l 1 ti 30 s mun tm gi tr ln nht ca chng.

Ghi ch:
Cc i s c th l cc hng s, cc trng, cc gi tr logic hoc text i din

cho s. Cc i s l cc gi tr li hoc text khng th chuyn thnh s c s
gy ra li trong cng thc.
Nu mt i s l a ch vng, ch c nhng gi tr s trong vng mi c tnh

trung bnh. Cc trng, cc gi tr logic, cc gi tr text v cc a ch trong vng
c b qua. Nu mun tnh trung bnh c cho cc gi tr logic v text th dng
hm MAXA thay th.
Nu hm khng cha i s s cho gi tr bng 0.

V d:
Nu A1:A5 cha cc s 10, 7, 9, 27, v 2, th:
MAX(A1:A5) bng 27
MAX(A1:A5,30) bng 30
II.2.3. Hm MIN
Hm ny tr li gi tr nh nht trong tp hp cc gi tr.
C php:
MIN(number1,number2, ...)
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Trong : number1, number2,... l 1 ti 30 s mun tm gi tr nh nht ca

chng. c im ca cc i s ny hon ton tng t nh cc i s ca hm MAX.
V d:
Nu A1:A5 cha cc s 10, 7, 9, 27, v 2, th:

MIN(A1:A5) bng 2
MIN(A1:A5, 0) bng 0
II.2.4. Hm SUM
Hm ny cho gi tr l tng cc s trong mt min .
C php:
SUM(number1,number2, ...)
Trong , number1, number2, ... l 1 ti 30 i s mun tnh tng gi tr ca

chng.
Ghi ch:
Cc s, cc gi tr logic v text I din cho s m ta g trc tip trong danh sch

i s u c tnh (xem hai v d u tin di y).
Nu mt i s l mt vng a ch th ch c nhng gi tr s trong vng ny

c tnh. Cc trng, cc gi tr logic hoc cc gi tr li trong vng ny b b
qua (xem v d th ba).
Cc i s l cc gi tr li hoc text m khng th chuyn thnh s s gy li.

V d:
SUM(3, 2) bng 5
SUM("3", 2, TRUE) bng 6 v cc gi tr text chuyn thnh gi tr s v gi
tr logic TRUE chuyn thnh s 1.

Khc vi v d trn, nu A1 cha "3" v B1 cha TRUE, th:
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SUM(A1, B1, 2) bng 2 v cc tham chiu ti cc gi tr khng phi l s
khng c chuyn thnh s.

Nu cc A2:E2 cha 5, 15, 30, 40, v 50, th:
SUM(A2:C2) bng 50
SUM(B2:E2, 15) bng 150
Ch :
Khi cn dng hm SUM, hy s dng nt AutoSum ( ) trn Toolbar thc hin

php tnh nhanh hn. Cc bc thc hin nh sau:
1. Kch hot cha kt qu. (Khi cng mt ct, hy kch hot pha di st
cui cng ca ct. Khi cng mt hng, hy kch hot st pha bn phi ca hng).
2. Kch chut vo nt AutoSum. lc ny trn thanh cng thc xut hin
=SUM(i s ch vng).
3. Nhn Enter, nu tt c cc i s ch vng ph hp vi a ch vng cn chn.
Ngc li, phi dng chut chn li vng a ch (lin tc hoc ri rc) ri mi nhn
Enter.
II.2.5. Hm COUNT
m s cha s v cc s trong danh sch i s.
C php:
COUNT(value1,value2, ...)
Trong , value1, value2, ... l 1 ti 30 i c th cha hoc tham chiu n cc

cha cc loi d liu khc nhau nhng ch c cc s c m.
V d:
Trong bng sau
A
1
345
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Gio trnh Excel
6/9/88
3
4
5:20:15
TRUE
#DIV/0!
Gi tin
ta c:
COUNT(A1:A7) bng 3
COUNT(A2:A7) bng 2
COUNT(A1:A7, 2) bng 4
II.2.6. Hm RANK
Hm ny tr li s th t trong mt danh sch s.
C php:
RANK(number,ref,order)
Trong , number l s mun tm th t ca n trong dy s. Ref l vng gi tr

hoc a ch ca vng dy s. Cc gi tr khng phi l s trong vng ny c b qua.
Order l th t sp xp dy s. Nu order bng 0 (zero) hoc b qua, Microsoft Excel
xp th bc theo th t gim dn ca dy s. Nu order l bt k gi tr no khc 0,
Microsoft Excel sp th bc theo th t tng dn ca dy s.
Ghi ch:
RANK sp xp cc s trng nhau theo cng bc. Tuy nhin, s hin din ca cc
s trng nhau nh hng ti th bc ca cc s khc. V d, trong chui s
nguyn, nu s 10 xut hin hai ln v c th bc l 5, th 11 s c th bc l 7
(khng c s no c th bc l 6).
V d:
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Nu A1:A5 cha cc s 7, 3.5, 3.5, 1, v 2, th:

RANK(A2,A1:A5,1) bng 3
RANK(A1,A1:A5,1) bng 5
II.3. Nhm hm i kiu
II.3.1. Hm TEXT
Hm ny i cc gi tr s thnh text vi nh dng cho trc.
C php:
TEXT(value,format_text)
Trong , value l gi tr s, hoc cng thc cho gi tr s hoc a ch cha gi

tr s. Format_text l nh dng s kiu text trong hp Category thuc mc Number trong
hp hi thoi Format Cells (s c trnh by k phn sau). Format_text khng th
cha du sao (*) v khng th c nh dng kiu General.
Ghi ch:
S dng hm TEXT chuyn s thnh nh dng text, v kt qu khng l s

na.
V d:
TEXT(2.715, "$0.00") bng "$2.72"
TEXT("4/15/91", "mmmm dd, yyyy") bng "April 15, 1991"
II.3.2. Hm VALUE
Hm chuyn gi tr text i din cho mt s thnh gi tr s.
C php:
VALUE(text)
Trong , text l cc k t s nm trong du nhy hoc a ch cha text mun

chuyn thnh s. Text c th ch hng s, ngy thng hoc thi gian c biu din theo
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nh dng ca Microsoft Excel. Nu text khng tun theo cc nh dng ny, hm

VALUE tr v gi tr li #VALUE!
Ghi ch:
Ni chung khng cn dng hm VALUE trong cng thc v Microsoft Excel t

ng chuyn text thnh s khi cn thit.
V d:
VALUE("$1,000") bng 1,000
VALUE("16:48:00")-VALUE("12:00:00")
bng
"16:48:00"-"12:00:00"
bng 0.2, tng ng vi 4 gi v 48 pht.
II.4. Nhm hm k t
II.4.1. Hm LEFT
Hm ny tr li mt s k t c ch nh t bn tri ca chui k t.
C php:
LEFT(text,num_chars)
Trong , text l chui k t mun trch ra mt s k t bn tri. Num_chars ch

nh s k t mun trch ra. Num_chars phi ln hn hoc bng 0. Nu num_chars ln
hn di ca text, hm LEFT tr li ton b text. Nu num_chars b b qua, n tr li
mt k t.
V d:
LEFT("H Ni", 2) bng "H"
Nu A1 cha "Hu", th LEFT(A1) bng "H"
II.4.2. Hm RIGHT
Hm ny tr li mt s k t c ch nh t bn phi ca chui k t.
C php:
RIGHT(text,num_chars)
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Cc i ca hm RIGHT tng t nh hm LEFT.

V d:
RIGHT("H Ni", 3) bng "Ni"
RIGHT("H Ni") bng "i"
II.4.3. Hm MID
Tr li s k t xc nh t chui k t, bt u t mt v tr xc nh.
C php:
MID(text,start_num,num_chars)
Trong , text l chui k t cha cc k t mun trch ra. Start_num l v tr ca

k t u tin mun trch ra t chui k t. K t u tin ca chui text c nh s l
1. Nu start_num ln hn di ca chui k t, hm MID tr v chui rng "". Nu
start_num nh hn di ca chui k t nhng start_num cng num_chars vt qu
di ca chui k t, hm MID tr v cc k t t im bt u cho ti ht chui k t. Nu
start_num nh hn 1, hm MID tr li gi tr li #VALUE!. Num_chars ch nh s k t
mun trch ra. Nu num_chars c gi tr m, hm MID tr v gi tr li #VALUE!
V d:
MID("Phan Tng", 1, 4) bng "Phan"
MID("Phan Tng", 6, 20) bng "Tng"
MID("1234", 5, 5) bng "" (chui rng)
II.4.4. Hm UPPER
Chuyn text thnh ch hoa (ch ng vi ting Anh v ting Vit khng du (nu
g ting Vit c du theo kiu telex))
C php:
UPPER(text)
Trong , text l chui k t mun chuyn thnh ch hoa. Text c th l chui k

t hoc a ch .
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V d:
UPPER("total") bng "TOTAL"
Nu E5 cha "sum", th UPPER(E5) bng "SUM"
II.4.5. Hm LOWER
Chuyn text thnh ch thng(ch ng vi ting Anh v ting Vit khng du
(nu g ting Vit c du theo kiu telex).
C php:
LOWER(text)
Trong , text l chui k t mun chuyn thnh ch thng. Hm LOWER

khng chuyn cc k t khng phi l text thnh ch thng.
V d:
LOWER("E. E. Cummings") bng "e. e. cummings"
LOWER("Apt. 2B") bng "apt. 2b"
II.4.6. Hm PROPER
Bin tt c cc ch ci u t v tt c cc k t ngay sau nhng k t c bit
thnh ch hoa ng thi bin tt c cc ch ci cn li thnh ch thng.
C php:
PROPER(text)
Trong , text l chui k t nm trong du nhy, cng thc cho gi tr text hoc
a ch tham chiu ti gi tr text.
V d:
PROPER("this is a TITLE") bng "This Is A Title"
PROPER("2-cent's worth") bng "2-Cent'S Worth"
PROPER("76BudGet") bng "76Budget"
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II.4.7. Hm TRIM
Xo b tt c nhng du cch tha tr mt du cch gia cc t.
C php:
TRIM(text)
Trong , text l chui k t hoc a ch tham chiu ti chui k t.

V d:
TRIM(" H v tn ") bng "H v tn "
II.5. Nhm hm iu kin

II.5.1. Hm IF
Tr li mt gi tr nu iu kin ch nh c nh gi l TRUE v tr li gi tr
kia nu iu kin nhn gi tr FALSE.
C php:
IF(logical_test,value_if_true,value_if_false)
Trong , logical_test l bt k gi tr hoc biu thc no c nh gi l TRUE

hoc FALSE. Value_if_true l gi tr c hm tr v nu logical_test l TRUE.
Value_if_true c th l mt cng thc. Value_if_false l gi tr c tr v nu
logical_test c gi tr FALSE. Value_if_false c th l cng thc.
Ghi ch:
C th lng 7 hm IF thay cho cc gi tr value_if_true v value_if_false. Xem v

d cui.
V d:
Trong v d sau, nu gi tr trong A10 l 100, khi , logical_test l TRUE, v

gi tr tng ca vng B5:B15 c tnh. Ngc li, logical_test l FALSE, hm s tr v
gi tr l chui rng ("").
IF(A10=100,SUM(B5:B15),"")
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Gi s khi ta cn xp loi hc sinh theo im trung bnh theo tiu chun cho trong
bng sau:
Nu im TB
th xp loi
ln hn hoc bng 8.5
Gii
t 6.5 n 8.5
Kh
t 5.0 n 6.5
TB
nh hn 5.0
Km
Ta c th dng cc hm IF lng nhau nh sau:

IF(DTB>=8.5,"Gii",IF(DTB>=6.5,"Kh",IF(DTB>=5.0,"TB","Km"))))
Trong v d trn, hm IF th hai l i s value_if_false ca hm IF th nht.
Tng t, hm IF th ba l i s value_if_false ca hm IF th hai. V d, nu i s
logical_test u tin (DTB>=8.5) l TRUE, hm tr v gi tr "Gii". Nu i s
logical_test th nht nhn gi tr FALSE, hm IF th hai c kim tra tip, ...
II.5.2. SUMIF
SUMIF(Vng 1, iu kin, vng 2)
@ Tnh tng gi tr cc trong vng 2 tng ng vi cc vng 1 tho mn
iu kin.
V d :
D liu trong vng B4:B7 l 3, 6, 8, 6

D liu trong vng C4:C7 l 6, 9, 9, 4
=SUMIF(B4:B7, >5, C4:C7)
{kt qu l =22}
Tinh tng gi tr cc trong vng C4:C7 tng ng vi cc trong vng B4:B7

nu gi tr cc ny ln hn 5, nh vy cc c gi tr 6, 8, 6 trong vng B4:B7 tho
mn iu kin, tng ng vi cc c gi tr 9, 9, 4 trong vng C4:C7, kt qu tng
bng 22.
II.5.3. COUNTIF
COUNTIF(Vng, iu kin)
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@ m cc tho mn iu kin trong vng.

V d: (Ly v d ca B4:B7 v d trn)
=COUNTIF(B4:B7, <5)
{=1}
II.6. Nhm hm ngy thng

II.6.1. Date
DATE(yy, mm, dd)
@ Nhp ngy thng.
(yy,mm,dd) : Nhp hai s ca nm thng ngy.
V d : =DATE(98,09,25)
{Kt qu =9/25/98}
(Thng 9 ngy 25 nm 98)

II.6.2. WEEKDAY
WEEKDAY(Thng-ngy-nm)
@ Tr v s th trong tun.
V d : D liu trong B3 l ngy 11/06/98
=WEEKDAY(B3)
{=6}
(Ngy 6/11/98 l th 6)
II.6.3. DAY
DAY(Thng-ngy-nm)
@Tr v s th t ca ngy trong thng.
V d : =DAY(11/25/98)
{=25}
C th dng hm DAY tnh s ngy, tun.

V d : D liu trong C3 l ngy 11/25/98
=(DAY(C3)-DAY(B3))
54
{=19}
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II.6.4. MONTH
MONTH(Thng-ngy-nm)
@ Tr v s ca thng
V d : =MONTH(B3)
{=11}
II.6.5. YEAR
YEAR(Thng-ngy-nm)
@ Tr v s ca nm
V d : =YEAR(B3)
{=98}
II.7. Nhm hm logic

II.7.1. Hm And
Tr v gi tr TRUE nu tt c cc i s nhn gi tr TRUE; tr v gi tr FALSE
nu mt hoc nhiu i s nhn gi tr FALSE.
C php:
AND(logical1,logical2, ...)
Trong , logical1, logical2, ... l 1 ti 30 iu kin c th nhn mt trong hai gi

tr TRUE hoc FALSE. Nu i khng nhn gi tr logic, hm AND tr v gi tr li
#VALUE!
V d:
AND(TRUE, TRUE) bng TRUE
AND(TRUE, FALSE) bng FALSE
AND(2+2=4, 2+3=5) bng TRUE
Nu B1:B3 cha cc gi tr TRUE, FALSE, v TRUE, th AND(B1:B3) bng
FALSE.
Nu B4 cha s gia 1 v 100, th AND(1<B4, B4<100) bng TRUE
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Gi s rng ta mun hin gi tr ca B4 nu n cha mt s c gi tr t 1 n

100, ngc li mun hin thng bo li. Nu B4 cha 104, th IF(AND(1<B4, B4<100),
B4, "The value is out of range.") bng "The value is out of range."
Nu B4 cha 50, th IF(AND(1<B4, B4<100), B4, "The value is out of range.")
bng 50.
II.7.2. Hm OR
Tr v gi tr TRUE nu bt k i s no nhn gi tr TRUE; tr v gi tr FALSE
nu tt c cc i s nhn gi tr FALSE.
C php:
OR(logical1,logical2,...)
Trong , logical, logical2,... l 1 ti 30 iu kin s nhn mt trong hai gi tr

TRUE hoc FALSE.
V d:
OR(TRUE) bng TRUE
OR(1+1=1,2+2=5) bng FALSE
Nu A1:A3 cha cc gi tr TRUE, FALSE, and TRUE, th OR(A1:A3) bng
TRUE.
1. AND(Cc biu thc iu kin)
@ Tr v gi tr V logic (True hay False) ca cc biu thc iu kin.
V d : =IF(AND(B3>5,E3=A), , H)
Nu B3 ln hn 5 v (AND) E4 l A th cho kt qu l , ngc li s cho
kt qu l H.
II.7.3. Hm NOT
NOT(Cc biu thc iu kin)
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@ Tr v gi tr Khng Logic (True hay False) ca cc biu thc iu kin.

V d : =IF(AND(B3>5, NOT(C3=0)), , H)
Nu B3 ln hn 5 v (AND) C3 khng (NOT) bng 0 th kt qu l ,
ngc li s cho kt qu l H.
II.8. Nhm hm tm kim
II.8.1. Hm VLOOKUP
VLOOKUP(x, vng tham chiu, n, 0)
@ Tm gi tr x ct th nht trong vng tham chiu v ly gi tr tng ng
ct th n.
V d: (Xem hnh trn) Da vo bng m hng in tn thch hp vo ct tn
hng ca bng phiu giao hng
Lp cng thc cho C13:
=VLOOKUP(B13,$A$2:$B$5,2,0)
{=St}
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Tm gi tr bng gi tr ca B13 trong ct th nht ca vng A2:B5 v ly gi tr

tng ng ct th 2. {kt qu = st}.
Trong cng thc nn t gi tr tuyt i cho a ch vng khng b thay i khi
sao chp.
II.8.2. Hm HLOOKUP
HLOOKUP(x, vng tham chiu, n, 0)
@ Tng t nh hm VLOOKUP nhng tm theo dng thay v ct.
V d: (Xem hnh trn) Da vo bng gi in vo ct gi ca bng phiu giao
hng.
Lp cng thc cho D13:
=HLOOKUP(B13,$A$7:$D$8,2,0)
{=100}
Tng t nh hm VLOOKUP nhng tm theo dng thay v ct.
II.9. Cch s dng hp Function
Trong trng hp khng nh chnh xc tn hm hoc c php ca hm c th

dng cch sau:
1. t tr text trn dng nhp d liu hoc trong , ni cn t hm.
2. Chn thc n Insert/Function (hoc kch nt
hin hp hi thoi
3. Trong hp Function Category chn tn nhm hm
58
trn Standard Toolbar), xut
Khoa CNTT
Gio trnh Excel
Tn nhm ngha
Most Recently Used: cc hm hay dng nht

All: tt c cc hm
Financial: cc hm ti chnh
Date & Time: cc hm kiu ngy thng
Math & Trig: cc hm ton hc
Statistical: cc hm thng k
Database: cc hm c s d liu
Lookup & Reference: cc hm tm kim
Text: cc hm k t
Logical: cc hm logic
Information: cc hm thng tin
4. Kch chut trong hp Function Name chn tn hm cn thit.
5. Sau khi kch vo OK, tn hm xut hin ti v tr cn dn hm v xut hin hp
hi thoi hng dn vo cc i s ca hm. V d nh nu chng ta chn hm SUM, s
xut hin hp hi thoi sau:
6. Sau khi vo cc i s, kch nt OK.

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Cu hi v bi tp
Thc hnh li tt c v d nu trong bi, hc thuc c php cng nh ngha ca cc
hm nu trn.
M file BD10A.xls v tnh thm cc ct im TB, XL v Xp TT theo cc cng thc sau
(xem mu):
a) im TB bng trung bnh cng ca (h s 1 + 2*h s 2 + 3*h s 3)
b) Xp loi (XL):
Gii nu im TB ln hn hoc bng 8.5.
Kh nu im TB trong khong t 6.5 n 8.5
TB nu im TB trong khong t 5.0 n 6.5
Km nu im TB nh hn 5.0
c) Xp TT (th t) theo im TB t cao xung thp.
Gi :
Theo bng mu, im TB ca hc sinh L Vn Thanh, ti I8 c tnh theo
cng thc sau
= ROUND(E8+F8+2*G8+3*H8)/7
Xp loi ca hc sinh ny ti J8 c tnh thao cng thc sau:
=IF(I8>=8.5," Gii",IF(I8>=6.5,"Kh",IF(I8>=5.0,"TB","Km")))
Xp th t ca hc sinh ny ti K8 c tnh theo cng thc sau
=RANK(I8,$I$8:$I$17)
Tng t, c th tnh cho cc hc sinh cn li. Tuy nhin, tnh nhanh nht hy
dng cch sao chp cng thc s c trnh by trong bi 5.
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Gio trnh Excel
Bng im hc k I
Mn: Ton
Lp: 10 A
im
TB
XL
Xp
TT
4
5
H s H s H s
1
2
3
6
7
STT
L Vn Thanh
10
H v tn
Ngy
sinh
Gii
M 15'
tnh
1T
HK
6/17/83 Nam
7.7 Kh
Hong Quc Tun
5/4/83 Nam
10
9 Gii
Nguyn Mnh H
9/12/83 Nam
6.1 TB
11
L Thu Nga
4/24/83 N
8.4 Kh
12
Phm Hng Vn
1/12/83 N
7.6 Kh
13
Nguyn Thu Thu
6/4/83 N
4.6 Km
10
14
Hong Vn Trang
9/12/83 N
10
8.6 Gii
15
V Tun Hng
6/20/83 Nam
7.9 Kh
16
V Thanh Hng
9/25/83 N
10
9.1 Gii
17
10 L Hng Nga
3/15/83 N
6 TB
Tnh tip phn tng kt im trong c lp cui bng im theo mu di y, trong

:
im TB c lp c tnh theo cng thc: =AVERAGE(H8:H17)
im TB cao nht lp c tnh theo cng thc: =MAX(H8:H17)
im TB thp nht lp c tnh theo cng thc: =MIN(H8:H17)
Tng
kt
im TB c lp
7.5
im TB cao nht lp
9.1
im TB thp nht lp
4.6
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Bi 5: Sao chp v di chuyn d liu

I. Sao chp
I.1. Sao chp d liu
Khi lm vic vi bng tnh, i khi chng ta phi nhp d liu hoc g cng thc
ging nhau hoc gn ging nhau nhiu ln ti cc v tr khc nhau nhng thi im
khc nhau. Khi , thay cho vic phi g nhiu ln, chng ta hy dng chc nng copy
ca Excel tit kim thi gian lm vic.
Sau khi sao chp, kt qu ca bn sao s khc nhau ph thuc vo kiu d liu
gc trc khi sao chp:
Nu d liu gc l hng hoc l cng thc ch cha hng v a ch tuyt i, kt
qu sao chp s khng thay i so vi bn gc.
V d: nu d liu gc c dng l hng ch nh: "Bng Tng kt im", hoc l
mt con s nh "450000" hoc l cng thc dng "=$A$5*12" th d sao chp ti u,
kt qu bn sao vn ging ht d liu gc.
Nu d liu gc l hng cha a ch tng i th kt qu sao chp s khc so
vi bn gc. N s ph thuc vo v tr hin thi ca cha kt qu sao chp.
V d, C12 cha cng thc "=SUM(C6:C11)". Khi ta tin hnh sao chp sang
bn phi, th ti D12 Excel s i li thnh cng thc "=SUM(D6:D11)". Nu sao chp
sang G18, th cng thc lc ny s l "SUM(G12:G17)".
Sau y chng ta s hc mt s phng php sao chp d liu khc nhau.
I.2. Dng chut

Ta c th dng chut sao chp nhanh d liu trong phm vi nh trn mn hnh.
I.2.1. Dng nt tri chut:
1. Chn vng d liu gc cn sao chp.
2. a tr chut ti ng bin ca vng chn sao cho c dng .
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3. Gi Ctrl v r vng la chn ti ch. Ngay sau khi gi Ctrl, s xut hin du
+ bn cnh con tr chut. Khi bt u r chut, mt ng vin m s bao quanh vng
d liu ang c di chuyn v di dng trng thi xut hin thng bo "Drag to copy
cell contents, use ALT key to switch sheets", ngha l Excel hng dn chng ta, nu
mun sao chp sang sheet khc th phi gi phm Alt trong khi kch chn tn sheet.
Ch :
Nu trong khi r chut copy vo vng ch m vng ny ang cha d liu th
kt qu sao chp s xo d liu ang tn ti v th vo v tr . Nu mun sao v
chn kt qu vo vng d liu c sn th phi gi Ctrl + Shift trong khi r
chut. Sau khi th chut, Excel s dn d liu ang tn ti trong vng ch sang
phi hoc xung di tu theo ta th ng vin m vo v tr mp dc hay mp
ngang ca cc trong vng ch.
I.2.2. Dng nt phi chut
1. Chn vng d liu gc cn sao chp.
3. Hy bm gi nt phi v r chut ti vng ch. Trong khi r chut, ti dng
trng thi xut hin thng bo " Drag cells; then release to see paste options - R chut;
sau th chut v xem cc tu chn khi dn kt qu".
Sau khi th chut, xut hin mt thc n ngn. Chn mt trong cc phng n
sau:
Copy Here: dn kt qu sao chp ti y.
Copy as Value Only: ch sao chp gi tr ca cc
cha d liu gc.
Copy as Format Only: ch sao chp nh dng gi tr
ca cc cha d liu gc.
Link Here: lin kt vi cc cha d liu gc.
Shift Down and Copy: chn vo cc cha d liu
vng ch v y chng xung di.
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Shift Right and Copy: chn vo cc cha d liu
vng ch v y chng sang phi.
Cancel: hu vic sao chp.
I.3. Dng b m (clipboard)

Clipboard l b m, s dng mt phn b nh ca my tnh ct d tm thi
cc kt qu sao chp. Sau khi dng lnh dn (Paste), Windows s sao chp d liu t
clipboard vo v tr hin thi trong bng tnh.
Cc bc thc hin:
1. Chn vng d liu mun sao chp
2. Lm mt trong cc cch sau:
M thc n Edit, chn lnh Copy.
Nhn t hp phm Ctrl + C.
Kch nt phi chut v kch Copy trn thc n ngn.
Kch nt Copy trn Standard toolbar.
Excel xut hin mt ng vin nhp nhy quanh vng d liu c chn.
3. Chn v tr ch cha kt qu sao chp:
Nu sao chp mt vng d liu ch cn chn mt ca vng ch.
Nu sao chp vo cc vng khc nhau th phi chn chng ng thi.
Nu sao chp ti bng tnh, hoc file khc th m chng ra v chn v tr ch.
4. dn d liu vo vng ch hy lm mt trong cc cch sau:
I.4. Sao chp bnh thng:

Nhn phm Enter (ch dn c mt ln).
M thc n Edit, chn lnh Paste.
Nhn t hp phm Ctrl + V.
Kch nt phi chut v kch Paste trn thc n ngn.
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Kch nt Paste
Gio trnh Excel

Ghi ch:
Phi m bo rng vng ch l vng trng. Nu khng, d liu c trong vng
ch s b xo mt.
dn kt qu sao chp v chn d liu v tr mi hy lm nh sau:
+ Kch nt phi ti v tr mi v kch vo lnh Insert Copied cells (hoc dng
lnh Copied cells ca thc n Insert). Xut hin hp hi thoi:
+ Chn Shift cells right s y cc hin thi sang phi. Chn Shift cells down s
y cc hin thi xung di.
Nu mun xo ng vin nhp nhy xung quanh khi d liu, hy nhn ESC.
I.5. Dn c bit
1. Chn ch dn kt qu sao chp.
2.M thc n Edit, chn lnh Paste Special (hoc chn Paste Special trong
thc n ngn khi kch nt phi chut). Xut hin hp hi thoi
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3. Trong hp Paste Special, chn mt hoc vi tu chn sau:

Trong hp Paste, chn mt trong cc tu chn: All- sao ton b hng, cng thc,
kiu nh dng sang vng ch. Formulas - ch sao chp cng thc sang vng
ch. Values - ch sao chp gi tr sang vng ch. Formats - ch sao chp nh
dng sang vng ch. Comments - ch sao chp ch thch sang vng ch.
Validation - ch sao chp nhng thng s trong hp hi thoi Validation sang
ch. All except border - sao chp tt c tr ng vin sang vng ch.
Trong hp Operation chn mt trong cc tu chn: None - sao chp v thay th
gi tr ca ngun vo ch. Add - sao chp v cng gi tr ngun v ch.
Subtract - sao chp v tr gi tr ca ngun v ch. Multiple - sao chp v
nhn gi tr ngun v ch. Divide - sao chp v chia gi tr ca ngun v
ch.
Skip blanks c chn nu khng mun cc trng trong vng d liu gc xo
nhng gi tr v tr tng ng trong vng ch.
Transpose c chn s sao chp v hon v tr ct/hng trong vng d liu gc
thnh v tr hng/ct trong vng d liu ch.
Nt Paste Link c dng khi mun kt qu sao chp lin kt vi d liu vng
gc. Mi s thay i ca d liu gc s t ng dn n mi thay i d liu
trong vng ch.
I.6. Sao chp sang vng ln cn nh AutoFill (t ng in d liu)

Phng php t ng in d liu (AutoFill) cho php in d liu cc k bn
cc chn theo mt quy lut nht nh. Cc thao tc ca phng php ny c
trnh by, khi gii thiu cc th thut nhp d liu nhanh bng cch dng Fillhandle
m rng dy d liu. Ch rng, khi sao chp cng thc, ch cn chn mt cha cng
thc.
II. Di chuyn d liu

Trong khi lm vic vi bng tnh, i khi chng ta c nhu cu di chuyn cc d
liu ti v tr mi thay cho vic phi xo chng v tr c v g li v tr mi. V tr
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mi ca d liu c th l mt hoc mt vng khc trn cng sheet, c th l sheet

khc trong cng file hoc c th l file khc ca Excel hoc Winword, ...
Sau y gii thiu mt s phng php di chuyn d liu.
II.1. Dng chut

Ta c th dng chut di chuyn nhanh d liu trong phm vi nh trn mn
hnh.
II.1.1. Dng nt tri chut
1. Chn vng d liu gc cn di chuyn.
3. R vng la chn ti ch. Khi bt u r chut, mt ng vin m s bao
quanh vng d liu ang c di chuyn v di dng trng thi xut hin thng bo
"Drag to move cell contents, use ALT key to switch sheets", ngha l Excel hng dn
chng ta, nu mun di chuyn sang sheet khc th phi gi phm Alt trong khi kch chn
tn sheet.
Ch :
Khi r chut di chuyn d liu vo vng ch m vng ny ang cha d liu
th s xut hin thng bo
Nu kch OK, d liu mi s xo d liu ang tn ti v th vo v tr . Nu

chn Cancel, s hu b vic di chuyn d liu.
Nu mun chn kt qu di chuyn vo vng d liu c sn th phi gi Shift
trong khi r chut. Khi bt u r chut, mt ng vin m s bao quanh vng
d liu ang c di chuyn v di dng trng thi xut hin thng bo "Drag to
Cut and Insert cell contents, use ALT key to switch sheets". Sau khi th chut,
Excel s dn d liu ang tn ti trong vng ch sang phi hoc xung di tu
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theo ta th ng vin m vo v tr mp dc hay mp ngang ca cc trong vng

ch.
II.1.2. Dng nt phi chut
1. Chn vng d liu gc cn di chuyn.
3. Hy bm gi nt phi v r chut ti vng ch. Trong khi r chut, ti dng
trng thi xut hin thng bo " Drag cells; then release to see paste options - R chut;
sau th chut v xem cc tu chn khi dn kt qu".
4. Sau khi th tay, xut hin mt thc n ngn. Chn mt trong cc phng n
sau:
Move Here: dn kt qu di chuyn ti y.
Shift Down and Move: chn vo cc cha d liu
vng ch v y chng xung di.
Shift Right and Move: chn vo cc cha d liu
vng ch v y chng sang phi.
Cancel: hu vic di chuyn.
II.2. Dng b m (clipboard)

Cc bc thc hin:
1. Chn vng d liu mun di chuyn.
2. Lm mt trong cc cch sau:
M thc n Edit, chn lnh Move.
Nhn t hp phm Ctrl + X.
Kch nt phi chut v kch Move trn thc n ngn.
Kch nt Cut
Excel xut hin mt ng vin nhp nhy quanh vng d liu c chn.
3. Chn v tr ch cha kt qu di chuyn:
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Nu di chuyn mt vng d liu ch cn chn mt ca vng ch.

Nu di chuyn vo cc vng khc nhau th phi chn chng ng thi.
Nu di chuyn ti bng tnh, hoc file khc th m chng ra v chn v tr ch.
dn d liu vo vng ch hy lm mt trong cc cch sau:
II.3. Di chuyn bnh thng:

Nhn phm Enter (ch dn c mt ln).
M thc n Edit, chn lnh Paste.
Nhn t hp phm Ctrl + V.
Kch nt phi chut v kch Paste trn thc n ngn.
Kch nt Paste
Ghi ch:
Phi m bo rng vng ch l vng trng. Nu khng, d liu c trong vng
ch s b xo mt.
dn kt qu di chuyn v chn d liu v tr mi hy lm nh sau:
+ Kch nt phi ti v tr mi v kch vo lnh Insert Cut cells (hoc dng lnh
Cut cells ca thc n Insert). Xut hin hp hi thoi:
+ Chn Shift cells right s y cc hin thi sang phi. Chn Shift cells down s
y cc hin thi xung di.
III. Xo d liu:
( khng b xo) Chn khi d liu mun xo v thc hin mt trong nhng cch
sau:
-
Right click v chn Clear contents

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Chn Edit\ Clear\ Contents.
Nhn phm Delete.
Sau khi xo, nu mun ly li d liu c th s dng tnh nng Undo bng mt
trong 3 cch sau: Chn Edit\ Undo, nhn Ctrl+Z, hoc click biu tng Undo trn thanh
cng c.
IV. Sao chp nh dng, chn ghi ch

IV.1. Sao chp nh dng:
(Ch sao chp nh dng ca , khng sao chp ni dung ) Nu mun cc khc
cc nh dng ging nh mt no ta c th thc hin:
-
Chn c nh dng mun sao chp
Click biu tng Format\ Painter
Click vo hoc click & drug ln khi mun sao chp.
IV.2. Chn ghi ch (Comment):

Mi u c th chn ghi ch, khi a con tr chut n gc bn phi ca , ghi
ch s hin th. chn chi ch cn thc hin:
-
Right click ti mun chn ghi ch v chn Insert Comment (hoc s

dng trnh n Insert\ Comment).
Chn Format\ Comment nh dng kiu ch (font) sau nhp ghi ch

bnh thng.
IV.3. Chnh sa v xo ghi ch:

-
Chnh sa: Right click ti mun chnh sa v chn Edit Comment
Xo :Right click ti mun xo v chn Delete Comment.
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Cu hi v bi tp
1. Thc hnh li tt c cc thao tc sao chp v di chuyn d liu nu trong bi.
2. Nu s khc nhau gia vic sao chp tt c d liu trong mt bng tnh sang bng
tnh khc v vic sao chp chnh bng tnh thnh hai bn.
3. M file BD10B.xls, tnh ton tng. Trong khi tnh ton c s dng vic sao chp
cng thc sao cho kt qu c dng sau:
A
B
1 Bng im hc k I
2 Mn: Ton
3 Lp: 10 B
4
5
6
7 STT
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
H v tn
Nguyn Vn Anh
V Ho Bnh
Hong Mnh Thng
Nguyn Hong Hi
Phm Hng Vn
Hong Thu Trang
Phm Anh Tun
Trn Thanh Hi
Nguyn Hong H
Nguyn Thanh Tng
Tng kt
im TB c lp
im TB cao nht lp
im TB thp nht lp
H s 1 H s 2 H s 3
Ngy Gii
sinh
tnh
6/7/83 N
6/7/83 N
7/6/83 Nam
8/1/83 Nam
7/3/83 N
6/5/83 N
5/18/83 Nam
5/8/83 Nam
6/7/83 Nam
6/15/83 Nam
71
M 15'
6
4
8
7
9
9
5
9
9
8
8
5
9
8
9
9
7
8
9
7
1T
im
XL
TB
HK
7
5
10
8
8
8
6
10
8
8
7
4
9
8
9
10
7
10
10
8
Xp
TT
Khoa CNTT
Gio trnh Excel
Bi 6: nh dng cho d liu

Trnh by bng tnh l mt cng vic rt cn thit trong qu trnh lm vic vi
EXCEL. EXCEL lu tr cc d liu trong cc ca bng tnh cng vi cc thng s
nh dng ca cc . Vic nh dng cho cc d liu trong bng tnh c th tin hnh
bng cc lnh Cells trong thc n Format.
I. nh dng cho d liu kiu s

Cng mt gi tr nhng s c nhiu cch th hin khc nhau, nh dng s c
th thc hin nh sau:
Chn khi mun nh dng.
Chn Format\Cell (Ctrl+1), sau chn mc Number trong hp hi thoi Format

Cells v chn tip cc thng s nh dng sau.
Trong hp Category chn cc kiu d liu cn trnh by v chn tip cc thng s
khc tu thuc vo loi d liu c chn trong hp ny. Hy va chn va quan st
hp Sample xem mu nh dng. C th:
General: nh dng chung. Vi kiu nh dng ny, text g vo s c dng

hng bn tri v d liu kiu s sau khi g vo bng tnh s c dng hng bn
phi .
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Number: dng nh dng cc s thng thng. Chn tip cc thng s sau:

Decimal places - s ch s sau du chm thp phn, Use 1000 Separators(,) dng du phy phn cch hng nghn, Negative numbers - chn cch nh dng
s m. Trong hp Sample hin mu nh dng.
Currency - dng nh dng cho cc gi tr tin t. Chn tip cc thng s sau:
Decimal places - s ch s sau du chm thp phn, Symbol - chn k hiu tin t
ca cc nc khc nhau (M, Anh, c,...) Negative numbers - chn cch nh
dng s m. Trong hp Sample hin mu nh dng.
Accounting: k t tin t v du chm thp phn ca cc s c nh dng theo
kiu ny s c dng thng hng. Chn cc thng s sau: Decimal places - s
ch s sau du chm thp phn, Symbol - chn k hiu tin t ca cc nc khc
nhau (M, Anh, c,... ). Sample hin mu nh dng.
Date: nh dng ngy theo mu c chn trong hp Type
Time: nh dng gi theo mu c trong hp Type
Percentage: nh dng theo kiu phn trm. S ch s sau du chm thp phn
c chn trong hp Decimal Places.
Text: nh dng s theo kiu Text.
Special: nh dng theo m vng v s in thoi
Custom: tu bin theo khun dng c g trong hp Type. Nt Delete c dng
xo khun dng khng cn dng n.
II. nh dng ngy thng
Khi nhp ngy thng cn nhp thng trc ngy sau, c th ch cn nhp ngy,
thng v nm Excel s ly theo thng nm hin hnh ca h thng. Cng mt ngy
nhng c th chn cach hin th khc nhau.
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Trong hp thoi Format Cell, khung Category bng Number chn mc Date,
v chn cch hin th bn khung Type.
Ngy thng hin th theo dng tng qut m/d/yy (thng/ngy/nm), nu khng va
vi cc dng c sn, c th to ra mt dng hin th ring bng cch chn mc Custom
trong khung Category, v g dng cn thit vo khung Type, v d: dd/mm/yyyy (2 s
ngy/2 s thng/4 s nm) nh 25/11/1998.
III. nh dng v tr
Chn mc Alignment trong hp Format Cells dng hng cho d liu.
D liu nhp vo bng tnh c v tr mc nh tu theo tng kiu d liu. Tuy
nhin c th nh dng li theo cc bc sau:
Chn khi d liu.

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Click chn cc biu tng nh dng v tr trn thanh cng c hoc chn Format\
Cell (Ctrl+1), trong hp thoi Format\Cells chn bng Alignment:
Khung Horizontal : Click m khng ny la chn cch hin th hng ngang.
+ General: Tng qut
+ Left (Indent): Tri
+ Right: Phi
+ Center: Gia
+ Justify: u hai bn
+ Fill: Va bng , vng
+ Center Across seletion: Gia vng
Khung Vertical : Click m khung nay la chn cch hin th hng dc.
+ Top: Pha trn
+ Center: Gia
+ Botton: Pha di
+ Justify: u hai bn
Khung Orientation : Kiu ch ng hoc nghing (Chnh nghing trong khung
Degrees).
Text Control: Cc iu khin khc. Chn Wrap Text nu mun Text xung dng
trong cc khi di hn rng hin thi ca . Chn Shrink to fit nu mun Text va
kht trong cc khi cc b co hp. Chn Merge cells nu mun trn cc trn
cng hng v cng ct. Sau khi trn, ch c d liu nm tri trn trong vng
c chn hin trong c trn. Do , mun trn cha tt c d liu trong vng
chn th trc khi trn phi sao chp ton b d liu vo tri trn.
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III.1. nh dng kiu ch cho d liu

nh dng kiu ch cho d liu c th thc hin theo cc bc sau:
1.
2.
Chn khi mun nh dng.

Chn Format\Cell (Ctrl+1)
Chn cc nh dng trong bng Font trong hp hi thoi Format Cells.
Font, Font style : Kiu ch.

Size : Kch c.
Underline: Cc kiu ch gch chn c m t ti v tr Underline (None bnh thng, Single - gch di n, Double - gch di p, Single Accounting - gch
n kiu ti chnh n cui mp phi ca , Double Accounting - gch p kiu ti
chnh).
Color: Mu.
Preview: Xem trc.
Trong khung Effects c 3 mc la chn:
-
Strikethrought : Gch ngang.

Superscript : S m (x2).
Subscript : Ch s (H2O).
* Trn cng mt nh dng kiu ch khc nhau cho cc thnh phn d liu,
chn khi thnh phn (click & drag) ri nh dng bnh thng.
* La chn Normal Font c dng nu mun ly li kiu trnh by ngm nh.
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III.2. To ng vin
Mc Border trong hp hi thoi Format Cells cho php to khung (ng vin)
cho khi hin thi.
Cc ng k dng v ct trong Excel s khng thy khi in ra giy, nu cn c
khung k phi thc hin k khung nh sau:
-
Chn , vng mun k khung.

Chn Format\ Cell v chn bng Border.
Chn cc dng k khung trong hp thoi:

-
None : khng k khung.

Outline : k vng chung quanh khi hoc .
Inside : k cc ng bn trong khi chn.
Style : chn dng ng k.
Color : Chn mu.
C th chn tng ng k trong khung Border, nu khi chn c k khung,

dng khung s hin th khung Text, Click vo cc ng k chn hoc xo.
III.3. T mu
Mc Parttern trong hp hi thoi Format Cells t mu cho cc c
chn.Trong :
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Gio trnh Excel
Pattern: mu nn.
Color: mu t. Trong No Color: hy t mu nn.
Sample: hin mu t theo cc thng s va c chn.
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Gio trnh Excel
Cu hi v bi tp
1. Thc hnh li tt c cc thao tc nh dng d liu nu trongbi.
2. M file BD10A.xls v trnh by li theo mu sau.
3. . T trnh by li d liu trong file BD10B.xls
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Bi 7: C s d liu trong excel v

cch t tn cho vng d liu
I. Khi
nim
Trong Microsoft Excel, ta c th d dng s dng mt danh sch nh mt c s

d liu (database). Khi chng ta thc hin cc cng vic nh tm kim, sp xp hoc tng
hp d liu theo nhm (subtotal), Microsoft Excel t ng s dng nhng phn t sau
y ca danh sch t chc d liu.
- Cc ct trong danh sch l cc trng (fields) trong c s d liu.
- Cc nhn ca ct trong danh sch l cc tn trng (Field name) trong c s d
liu.
- Mi hng trong danh sch l mt bn ghi (record) ca c s d liu
V d: Danh sch sau tng ng vi mt c s d liu gm cc trng c tn l
H m, Tn, Chc v, Lp. Mi hng, k t hng th hai tr i tng ng vi mt bn
ghi ca c s d liu.
H m
Tn
Chc v
Lp
V Thanh
Thy
Lp ph
10A
Trn Hng
Lp ph
10A
Nguyn Hong
Lp trng 10A
V Vn
Thanh
Lp ph
10B
Phm Tun
Hng
Lp ph
10B
Phm Hong
Hi
Lp trng 10B
V Hng
Thy
Lp ph
10C
Trn Thanh
Lp ph
10C
V Hng
Thng
Lp trng 10C
Hong Minh
Thanh
Lp ph
10D
ng Mnh
Hng
Lp ph
10D
Phm Thanh
Tng
Lp trng 10D
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II. Cch
Gio trnh Excel
to mt danh sch trn bng tnh
d dng qun l v phn tch d liu trong mt danh sch ca Microsoft Excel,
khi nhp d liuvo danh sch ch tun theo cc hng dn sau y.
II.1. Kch thc v v tr ca danh sch

- Trnh to nhiu danh sch trn mt bng tnh (worksheet). Mt s cng vic, v
d nh lc d liu chng hn, ti mt thi im ch c th c s dng trn mt danh
sch.
- t nht mt ct trng (blank column) v mt dng trng (blank row) gia
danh sch v cc d liu khc trn bng tnh. Khi , Microsoft Excel c th d dng
kim tra v chn danh sch khi chng ta sp xp, lc hoc chn subtotal t ng.
- Trnh t dng trng v ct trng trong danh sch.
- Trnh t d liu ti hn (critical data) bn tri hoc bn phi danh sch,
nhng d liu ny c th b n i khi chng ta lc danh sch.
II.2. Cc nhn ca ct (column labels)
- To cc nhn ct dng u tin ca danh sch. Microsoft Excel s dng cc

nhn ny to bo co, tm v t chc d liu.
- S dng phng ch, cch dng hng, mu nn, ng vin ... khc vi cc nh
dng p dng cho d liu trong danh sch.
- Khi mun phn bit nhn v d liu, hy s dng cc kiu ng vin - khng
dng cc hng trng (blank rows) hoc cc ng t on (dashed lines) - chn cc
ng thng di nhn.
II.3. Ni dung ca hng v ct
- To mt danh sch sao cho tt cc cc hng cha cc phn t c cc thuc tnh

ging nhau. V d nh danh sch hc sinh, bng im, bng gi, ...
- Khng chn nhng khong trng tha u tng (ni cch khc, khng nhn
phm spacebar u ). Cc khong trng tha ny s nh hng ti vic sp xp d
liu v tm kim d liu.
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- Khng dng hng trng (blank row) phn tch cc nhn ct vi dng u tin
ca d liu.
III. Cch t tn cho vng d liu v truy cp ti vng t

tn
Trong Microsoft Excel, c th t tn cho mt hoc cho vng d dng nh
v c khi to cng thc hoc khi cn truy nhp ti , vng no . Nu ta c cc nhn
hng v ct trong mt bng tnh, ta c th s dng trc tip chng trong cng thc. V d
= A4 + B4. Ta cng c th t t tn cho mt hoc mt vng .
Cch t tn cho hoc vng c tun theo cc quy tc sau:
- K t u tin ca tn phi l mt ch ci hoc du tr chm (_). Cc k t cn
li c th l ch ci, ch s, du chm v cc du tr chm. V d, cc tn Dslop,
Bangdiem.10A, Tuyen_sinh l hp l.
- Cc tn khng c trng vi a ch , v d nh Z$100 hoc R1C1.
- Khng cho php dng du cch (spaces).
- Tn c di ti a 255 k t, c th cha ch hoa v ch thng. Microsoft
Excel khng phnbit ch hoa v ch thng trong tn. V d, nu ta to tn
DSCBLOP v sau to tn dscblop trong cng mt bng tnh th tn th hai s thay th
tn th nht.
III.1. Cch t tn cho mt hoc mt vng

1. Chn mt hoc mt vng lin tc hoc ri rc. V d, chn ton b cc
cha danh sch cn b lp nh v d nu trn.
2. Kch vo hp Name ti bn tri ca thanh cng thc.
3. G tn cho hoc vng . V d, g DSCBLOP.

4. Nhn ENTER.
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III.2. t tn cho cc bng cch s dng cc nhn hng v ct c sn

1. Chn vng mun t tn, chn c nhn ct (hng u ca danh sch) v nhn
hng (ct tri ngoi cng ca danh sch).
2. Thc hin Insert / Name / Create. Xut hin hp hi thoi.

3. Trong hp Create names in, nh du v tr cha cc nhn. Thng thng ta
hay chn Top row, Left column.
Cc tn c to theo cch ny ch nh hng ti cc cha gi tr ch khng
nh hng ti cc nhn hng v nhn ct.
III.3. Truy cp ti vng t tn

truy cp ti vng t tn, lm mt trong hai cch sau:
- Kch vo mi tn cnh hp tn (name box) bn tri thanh cng thc v kch
chn tn cn truy cp.
- Nhn phm F5, xut hin hp hi thoi Goto, kch vo tn vng cn truy cp v
kch OK.
V d: truy cp ti vng Dscblop, g F5, chn tn vng v kch OK. Ton b
danh sch s c bao trong hp en.
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Cu hi v bi tp
1. Th no l vng c s d liu trong Excel.
2. M file mi, to bng danh sch cn b lp theo mu trong phn l thuyt.
Ghi vo a vi tn QLHS.XLS.
3. i tn sheet hin thi thnh DSCB. Thc hnh theo v d trnh by trong phn l
thuyt.
4. Kch hot mt sheet mi, to mt bng mi c dng nh sau
Tuyn sinh
Sbd
H v tn
Xp loi
TN
Ton
Vn
Ngoi ng
Tng im
Trng
tuyn
...
Lm tip cc vic sau:

a. Nhp vo danh sch ti thiu 10 th sinh. Yu cu nhp cc ct sau: Sbd (s
bo danh), H v tn, Xp loi TN (xp loi tt nghip), Ton, Vn, Ngoi ng.
b. Ct Tng im c tnh theo cng thc:
Tng im = Ton + Vn + Ngoi ng + u tin
Bit rng im u tin = 1 nu xp loi tt nghip l gii. Cc loi khc khng
c cng im.
c. Ct Trng tuyn c in l C nu Tng im ln hn hoc bng 21. Ngc
li, in l Khng.
d. i tn sheet hin thi l TUYENSINH v ghi kt qu vo a.
5. t tn cho danh sch va to l DSTS.
6. Truy cp ti vng DSCBLOP.
7. Truy cp ti vng DSTS.
8. Ghi cc kt qu trn vo a v ng file.
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Bi 8: Tm kim v sp xp d liu
I. Tm kim v thay th
I.1. Tm kim:
Nu c nhiu d liu trong bng tnh v mun nhanh chng tm n mt d liu
no , c th s dng chc nng ny.
-
Chn Edit\ Find (Ctrl+P).
Nhp cc k t mun tm trong khung Find what v la chn cch tm

kim:
+ Match case : Tm kim c phn bit ch thng v ch in.

+ Find entire cells only : Ch tm d liu ng ring trong .
+ Search : Chn cch tm theo ct (By Columns) hoc theo dng (By Rows).
+ Look in : Chn loi d liu cn tm.
-
Click nt Find next ln lt tm.
I.2. Thay th:

Nu mun tm mt t no trong bng tnh thay th bng mt d liu khc
mt cch nhanh chng, c th s dng chc nng ny.
-
Chn Edit\ Replace (Ctrl+H).
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Nhp cc k t cn tm trong khung Find what v nhng k t mun thay

khung Replace with, cc la chn khc cng ging nh phn tm kim.
Click nt Find Next ln lt tm kim. Khi tm thy click nt Replace

thay th, (Replace All t ng thay th tt c nhng v tr tm thy).
II. Sp xp d liu
Khi nhp d liu, Microsoft Excel s dng trt t sp xp xc nh xp t cc
d liu theo gi tr ca chng.
Khi ta sp xp mt chui k t, Microsoft Excel sp xp t tri sang phi theo
tng k t. V d nh, nu mt cha chui k t "A100," ny s c sp sau cha
chui k t "A1" v trc cha chui k t "A11."
Khi sp xp gim dn, Microsoft Excel s dng trt t sau:
- Cc s c sp xp t gi tr m nh nht ti gi tr dng ln nht.
- Chui k t c sp xp theo trt t sau: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ' - (space) ! " # $ %
&()*,./:;?@[\]^_`{|}~+<=>ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTU
VWXYZ.
- Trong cc gi tr logic, FALSE c sp xp trc TRUE.
- Tt c cc gi tr li bng nhau.
- Cc trng lun lun c sp xp cui cng.
Ta c th sp xp li cc hng hoc ct bng chc nng Sort (sp xp) ca Excel.
Khi ta sp xp, Microsoft Excel sp xp li cc hng, cc ct hoc cc ring bit theo
th t sp xp do ta ch nh: tng dn (ascending) - t 1 ti 9, t A ti Z hoc gim dn
(descending) - t 9 ti 1, t Z ti A.
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II.1. Sp xp d liu tng hoc gim dn theo ni dung ca mt ct

1. Kch vo mt trong ct cha d liu mun sp xp.
2. sp xp theo th t tng dn, kch nt Sort Ascending
sp xp theo th t tng dn, kch nt Sort Descending
.
.
V d, chng ta c danh sch cc cn b lp nh sau

H m
Tn
Chc v
Lp
Nguyn Hong
Lp trng
10A
Phm Hong
Hi
Lp trng
10B
V Hng
Thng
Lp trng
10C
Phm Thanh
Tng
Lp trng
10D
V Thanh
Thy
Lp ph
10A
Trn Hng
Lp ph
10A
V Vn
Thanh
Lp ph
10B
Phm Tun
Hng
Lp ph
10B
V Hng
Thy
Lp ph
10C
Trn Thanh
Lp ph
10C
Hong Minh
Thanh
Lp ph
10D
ng Mnh
Hng
Lp ph
10D
sp xp danh sch theo th t gi tr tng dn ca ct Lp, kch chut vo mt

bt k trong ct ny v kch vo nt Ascending trn thanh cng c.
II.2. Sp xp d liu theo ni dung ca hai hoc nhiu ct
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1. Kch mt trong danh sch mun sp xp.

2. Thc hin Data / Sort, xut hin hp hi thoi Sort.
3. Trong cc hp Sort by v Then by kch chn tn cc ct mun sp xp.
4. Chn cc tu chn khc nu cn thit v kch OK. Trong My list has c hai tu chn:
Header row - trong vng d liu va chn c dng tiu , No header row - trong vng d liu
va chn khng c dng tiu . Thng thng, nn trng thi chn ngm nh ca my.
Lp li cc bc 2- 4 nu cn thit.
Ghi ch:
- Nu ct ta ch nh trong hp Sort by cc gi tr trng nhau, ta c th sp xp cc

gi tr ny bng cch ch nh ct khc trong hp Then by u tin. Nu cc gi tr
trong ct th hai c sp xp ny trng nhau, ta c th ch nh ct th ba trong
hp Then by th hai.
- Nu ta cn sp xp nhiu hn ba ct, hy sp xp nhng ct t quan trng nht

trc. V d nh, nu chng ta mun sp xp danh sch cn b theo cc ct Lp,
Chc v, H m v Tn th phi sp xp hai ln. u tin, chn ct Tn trong
hp Sort by v kch nt OK. Ln th hai, kch Lp trong hp Sort by, kch Chc
v trong hp Then by th nht, chn Descending v kch H m trong hp Then
by th hai v kch OK. Kt qu c dng nh sau:
H m
Tn
Chc v
Lp
Nguyn Hong H
Lp trng 10A
Trn Hng
Lp ph
10A
V Thanh
Thy
Lp ph
10A
Phm Hong
Hi
Lp trng 10B
Phm Tun
Hng
Lp ph
10B
V Vn
Thanh
Lp ph
10B
V Hng
Thng
Lp trng 10C
Trn Thanh
Lp ph
10C
V Hng
Thy
Lp ph
10C
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Phm Thanh
Tng
Lp trng 10D
ng Mnh
Hng
Lp ph
10D
Hong Minh
Thanh
Lp ph
10D
II.3. Sp xp xp d liu theo ni dung ca hng

1. Kch mt trn danh sch d liu mun sp xp.
2. Thc hin Data / Sort.
3. Kch nt Options, xut hin hp hi thoi Sort Options.
4. Di Orientation, kch Sort left to right, v sau kch OK.

5. Trong cc hp Sort by v Then by kch cc hng mun sp xp.
II.4. Sp xp theo thng, ngy hoc theo th t do ngi dng to

II.4.1. To danh sch theo th t do ngi dng to (custom list)
Nu mun sp xp d liu theo mt th t khc th t ngm nh ca my, chng
ta phi t to mt danh sch theo th t do mnh t ra. V d nh, nu sp xp ct Xp
loi trong mt bng im tng kt theo th t tng dn ngm nh ca Excel, th kt qu
s c sp theo th t sau: Gioi, Kem, Kha, TB. Tuy nhin, hp l hn, chng ta phi
t to danh sch theo th t: Gioi, Kha, TB, Kem v sp xp bng im theo th t .
Hy lm nh sau:
1. Nu ta nhp vo bng tnh danh sch cc phn t theo th t ring ca mnh
th hy chn danh sch . V d, hy g vo cc A1:A4 cc gi tr sau Gioi, Kha, TB,
Kem v chn bn ny.
2. Thc hin Tools / Options, kch mc Custom Lists.
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3. s dng danh sch chn, kch nt Import.

Nu cha thc hin bc 1, hy g danh sch mi bng cch kch New list trn hp
Custom lists v sau g cc phn t ca danh sch trong hp List entries. Cc phn t cch
nhau bi du phy hoc du ENTER. Kch nt Add.
Ghi ch:
Mt danh sch t to c th cha chui k t hoc chui k t xen ln cc con s.

Nu mun to danh sch ch cha cc con s, u tin chn s trng cha
cc phn t ca danh sch. Thc hin Format / Cells, v kch mc Number. p
dng kiu nh dng Text cho cc trng v sau g danh sch cc s trong cc
va nh dng.
II.4.2. Sp xp theo thng, ngy hoc theo th t ca danh sch t to

1. Chn mt trong vng hoc ton b vng d liu mun sp xp.
2. Thc hin Data / Sort.
3. Kch Options.
4. Di First key sort order, kch danh sch t to v kch OK.
5. Kch chn bt k la chn khc nu cn thit.
Ghi ch:
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Trt t sp xp theo th t ca danh sch t to ch p dng cho ct c ch nh

trong hp Sort by. sp xp nhiu ct theo th t ca danh sch t to hy sp
xp tng ct ring bit. V d, sp xp theo cc ct A v B, theo th t ny,
u tin sp xp theo ct B, v sau ch nh th t ca danh sch t to bng
cch s dng hp hi thoi Sort Options. Tip theo, sp xp theo danh sch ca
ct A.
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Cu hi v bi tp
1. Nu cc thao tc sp xp d liu theo mt ct, theo nhiu ct v theo th t ca danh
sch t to.
2. M file QLHS.XLS, kch hot sheet DSCB v thc hin nhng thao tc trnh by
trong phn l thuyt.
3. Kch hot sheet TUYENSINH v lm cc cng vic sau:
a. Sp xp li theo th t tng dn ca ct Trng tuyn.
b. Sao chp danh sch nhng ngi trng tuyn sang v tr mi v sp xp li
theo th t gim dn ca Tng im.
c. t tn vng cha kt qu trng tuyn l Trungtuyen1.
d. Chuyn v vng DSTS.
e. Chuyn sang xem kt qu ti vng Trungtuyen1.
4. Ghi cc thay i vo a v ng file.
5. Kch hot mt sheet mi, to mt bng mi c dng nh sau
Bo co Tuyn sinh
Sbd
H v tn
Ngy sinh
Ni sinh
Min
Tng im
Trng tuyn
...
Lm tip cc vic sau:

a. Nhp vo danh sch ti thiu 10 th sinh. Yu cu nhp cc ct sau: Sbd (s
bo danh), H v tn, Ngy sinh, Ni sinh, Min (Bc, Trung hoc Nam) v Tng im
(t 0 n 30).
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b. Ct Trng tuyn c in theo yu cu sau:
- C nu th sinh min Bc v min Nam v Tng im ln hn hoc bng 21
im hoc nu th sinh min Trung v c Tng im ln hn hoc bng 20 im.

- Khng cho cc trng hp cn li.
Gi : dng cng thc sau
=IF (OR (AND (OR (Min="Bc", E2="Nam"), Tng im>=21), AND
(Min="Trung", Tng im>=20)), "C", "Khng")
c. Sp xp li danh sch theo th t cc min Bc, Trung, Nam. Nu gi tr cc
min trng nhau th sp xp theo gi tr ct Trng tuyn. Nu cng gi tr ct Trng
tuyn, hy sp xp theo gi tr ca ct Tng im.
e. i tn sheet hin thi thnh BCTTUYEN v ghi kt qu vo a.
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Bi 9: To biu
I. Cc phn t c bn ca biu
Khi mun so snh cc d liu c mi quan h vi nhau chng ta nn dng biu
din mi tng quan ny qua cc biu c ci nhn trc quan v sinh ng hn.
v biu bt buc phi c danh sch d liu trn bng tnh.
Sau y l mt s phn t c bn ca biu :
- Chui d liu (data series): l cc hng hoc cc ct cha cc d liu cn so
snh vi nhau.
- Kiu th (chart type): cc hnh thc biu din th khc nhau theo dng ct
(Column), ng (line) hoc din tch (area), ...
- Nhn chung ca biu (Chart Labels): l tn chung ca c biu .
- Nhn trc (axis labels): cc nhn trn trc biu .
- Ch gii (Legend): dng phn bit gia cc chui d liu khc nhau.
Ngoi ra cn mt s phn t khc na s c trnh by tip trong cc phn sau.
II. To biu ngm nh theo mt bc

Kiu biu ngm nh ca Microsoft Microsoft Excel l biu ct. C hai
cch to biu ngm nh.
Cch 1:
Chn d liu mun biu din thnh th.
Nhn F11. D liu s c biu din di dng biu ct v nm trong mt
sheet ring bit c tn ngm nh l Chart n (n=1, 2, 3, ...).
V d:
Gi s ta c danh sch d liu biu din t l hc sinh gii, kh, trung bnh, km
nh sau:
Lp
10A
Xp loi
94
10B
10C
10D
Khoa CNTT
Gio trnh Excel

30%
50%
20%
0%
Gii
Kh
TB
Km
20%
55%
25%
0%
24%
60%
14%
2%
19%
58%
21%
2%
so snh t l xp loi hoc sinh gia cc lp, chng ta chn vng d liu trn
v nhn phm F11. Kt qu c dng nh sau:
Cch 2:
Chn d liu mun biu din thnh th.
Kch nt Default Chart
. th to ra c nhng vo bng tnh cha d liu.
Trong trng hp khng nhn thy nt ny, hy lm nh sau:

1. Thc hin Tools /
Customize. Xut hin hp hi
thoi,
kch chut
vo mc
Commands.
2. Trong hp Categories
kch chn Charting.
3. Dng chut ko lnh
Default Chart th vo mt v tr
bt k trn thanh cng c chun
(Standard toolbar).
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V d: sau khi ci c nt Default Chart trn thanh cng c chun, chn vng
d liu ni trn v kch vo nt ny, kt qu c dng:
III. Cch to th nh Chart Wizarrd

Chart Wizard l cng c hng dn chng ta to th tng bc qua cc hp hi
thoi. Cc bc to th c tin hnh nh sau:
1. Chn cc cha cc d liu mun xut hin trn biu . Cc d liu ny c
th nm cnh nhau hoc nm cch nhau. Nu mun cc nhn ct v nhn hng xut hin
trong biu hy chn c chng.
V d, so snh t l xp loi hoc sinh ca cc lp 10A, v 10D, chng ta hy
chn cc ct th nht, th hai v th nm trong bng d liu ni trn bng cch gi phm
CRTL v chn cc ct ni trn. Xem hnh v sau:
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2. Kch nt Chart Wizard
Gio trnh Excel

. Xut hin hp hi thoi Chart Wizard - Step 1 of 4 -
Chart Types. Hp hi thoi ny cho php chng ta chn kiu th (Chart type) v mt
kiu th con (Chart sub -type) ca n. Mun xem trc mu th s c to, hy
kch vo nt Press and hold to view sample.
Trong v d ny, chng ta s chn kiu Line v mt kiu biu con ca n nh
hnh v sau:
3. Kch vo nt Next, xut hin tip hp hi thoi Chart Wizard - Step 2 of 4 - Chart
Source Data sau:
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Trong hp hi thoi ny cho php chn li vng d liu trong hp Data range (nu cn
thit). Nu chn Rows, chui d liu s c so snh theo hng. Nu chn Columns, chui d
liu s c so snh theo ct.
Trong v d ca chng ta, hy gi nguyn cc thng s nh hp hi thoi.
Options. Trong hp hi thoi ny cho php chn cc tu chn khc nhau cho biu . Trong bi
ny, chng ta ch quan tm ti cc thng s trong mc Titles.
- Chart title: cho php g nhn chung ca biu .
- Categery (X) axis: cho php g nhn ca trc x.
- Value (Y) axis: cho php g nhn ca trc y.
Xem kt qu hnh mu bn phi ca th.
Trong v d ca chng ta, hy g theo hng dn trn hp hi thoi (c th g ting Vit
c du trong hp ny, nhng chng ta s khng nhn thy du ting Vit trong hp hi thoi.
Ting Vit ch hin th ng ngoi th sau khi chng ta nh dng li font ting Vit cho
chng).
Location. Trong hp hi thoi ny cho php chn v tr t biu .
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- As new sheet: t biu sheet ring vi tn ngm nh do Excel t (Chart1, Chart2,

...) hoc chng ta t g li tn mi trong hp ny.
- As object in: t biu trong sheet hin thi, hoc mt sheet khc do chng ta chn
bng cch kch chut vo mi tn bn phi hp ny v chn tn sheet ch.
Trong v d ca chng ta, gi nguyn cc thng s trong hp hi thoi.
6. Kch nt Finish.
Kt qu c dng nh sau:
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Cu hi v bi tp
1. Nu cc phn t c bn ca mt biu .
2. Thc tp li v d nu trong phn l tuyt.
3. Lp bng tng kt s hc sinh n v nam trong tng khi 10, 11, 12. Tnh t l s hc
sinh n v nam ca tng khi so vi tng s hc sinh trong ton trng. V biu biu din s
so snh ny.
4. Lp bng tng kt s hc sinh gii v kh tng khi 10, 11, 12. Tnh t l hc sinh gii,
kh ca tng khi so vi s hc sinh gii, kh trong ton trng. V biu biu din s so
snh ny.
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Bi 10: nh dng trang v In n

I. nh dng trang
I.1. nh dng trang
Cng vic chun b in n bng tnh bao gm cc phn vic c thc hin t lnh
File/Page Setup.
Trong hp hi thoi Page Setup ta c th thc hin cc cng vic sau:
Vo cc thng s in bao gm 4 loi thng s:
1. Page: Cc thng s trang giy in.
2. Margins: Cc thng s l trang in.
3. Header/Footer: Tiu trang in (nu cn thit).
4. Sheet: Cc thng s v d liu cn in trn bng tnh.
Nt Print Preview dng kim tra trc khi in chnh thc ra giy in.
Nt Print dng ra lnh in.
Nt Option dng t li cc thng s my in.
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Nt OK ng ca s Page Setup.
Cc thng s in s c m t c th di y.
I.1.1. Page
Orientation: hng in.

Scaling: t l in. C hai la chn sau:
o
o
Adjust to: t l in so vi dng chun.

Fit to: dn/nn vng in trong s trang c ch ra bi cc thng s v chiu
rng (wide) v chiu di (tall).
Paper Size: kch thc giy in.

Print Quality: cht lng in.
First Page Number: s trang bt u cn nh s.
I.1.2. Margins
Cc thng s l Top, Bottom, Left, Right: l trn, di, tri, phi.

From Edge/Header, Footer: khong cch t mp trang giy n tiu trang.
Center on Page: in vo gia trang theo chiu: Horizontally (ngang), Vertically
(dc).
I.1.3. Header/Footer
Cc thng s v tiu c a vo t ng hoc bng tay khi nhn cc nt
Customize Header hoc Customize Footer.
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Left section, Center section, Right section: v tr trnh by tiu trong trang.
Cc nt pha trn dng : trnh by font ch, chn s trang, tng s trang, ngy
gi h thng.
I.1.4. Sheet
Print Area: chn vng d liu cn in.

Print Titles: tiu hng, ct ca d liu, trong :
o
o
Row to repeat at top: tiu hng. Cc hng c in ra mi trang.

Column to repeat at left: tiu ct. Cc ct c in ra mi trang.
Print: la chn kiu in

o
o
o
o
Row and Column Heading: in tiu hng, ct ca bng tnh.

Gridlines: in ra li ca cc bng tnh.
Comment: in ch thch.
Draft Quality: in nhanh (b qua format).
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o
Gio trnh Excel

Black and white: in en trng.
Page Order: th t in.

o
o
Down, then over: in t trn xung di trc, sau mi sang ngang.

Over, then down: in sang ngang trc, sau mi xung di.
II. In
Cng vic in trong EXCEL c thc hin bng lnh File/Print. Hp hi thoi
Print xut hin.
Printer: tn ca my in, kiu my in, ...

Nt Properties: chn cc thng s ca my in nh kh giy, hng giy, ch
phn gii mu, cht lng in, ...
Page Range: la chn vng in.
o
o
Print What:
o
o
o
All: in ton b cc trang.

Pages From...To: in hn ch cc trang t...n trang ...
Selection: ch in vng c chn.

Selected Sheet: in cc sheet ang lm vic.
Entire Workbook: in ton b Workbook.
Copies: s lng bn in.

Print to file: c chn nu mun vn bn ra file.
Nt Preview: dng xem tng qut bng tnh trc khi in chnh thc ra giy in.
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Sau khi chn xong cc thng s in kch chut ti nt OK hoc nhn Enter
bt u cng vic in.
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Cu hi v bi tp
1. Thc hnh li tt c cc thao tc chun b in n trong bi v xem kt qu ch Print
Preview.
2. M file BD10A.xls, m sheets ci t c giy in l A4, font ch chnh trong bng l
Times New Roman v c ch nh nht l 12. Xem kt qu ch Print Preview. Nu
d liu nm trn hai trang giy, hy t li ch in sao cho chng nm kht trn mt
trang in.
3. Lm tng t vi file BD10B.xls.
4. Hy t ch in sao cho sau khi in ra, cc bng im ca lp 10A v 10B u c tn
sheet v ngy thng in nm gc tri phn tiu trn, dng ch "Trng PTTH ABC"
nm gc phi tiu trn v s trang nm gia phn tiu di theo mu sau:
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n tp
I. Mt s thao tc c bn vi file d liu
Khi ng Excel : Start /Programs /Microft Excel.
Thot khi Excel: File / Exit hoc Alt + F4.
M file mi: File /New
Ghi file vo a: File /Save
Ghi file hin thi vo a vi tn khc: File / Save As.
Gi file c: File /Open.
II. Nhp, sa, xo d liu

II.1. Nhp hng:
Chn trng.
G d liu
Nhn Enter.
II.2. Nhp cng thc:
Chn trng
G du bng (=)
G biu thc
Nhn Enter.
II.3. Sa ton b d liu
Chn cn sa
G d liu mi
Nhn Enter.
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II.4. Sa mt phn d liu:
Chn cn sa
Nhn F2 hoc kch chut ln dng nhp d liu
Chuyn con tr text ti v tr cn sa, xo bt hoc chn thm d liu.
Nhn Enter.
II.5. Xo d liu
Chn cn xo d liu
Nhn phim Delete.
III. Cc thao tc vi hng, ct,

III.1. Chn hng, ct
Kch chut vo tiu hng nu chn c hng, vo tiu ct nu chn c ct,

vo nu chn .
Chn cc hng, ct, lin nhau: chn phn t u khi. Gi Shift v kch chut
vo phn t i din cui khi.
Chn cc hng, ct, ri rc: chn mt phn t. Gi Ctrl v kch chn cc phn
t cn li.
III.2. Chn thm hng, ct,
Chn s hng, ct, cn chn.
Kch nt phi chut, chn Insert hoc dng Insert => Rows (hoc Columns hoc
Cells).
III.3. Hu thm hng, ct,
Chn s hng, ct, cn hu.
Kch nt phi chut, chn Delete hoc dng Edit => Delete.
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III.4. Thay i rng ct
Chn cc ct cn iu chnh rng
t tr chut mp phi vng tiu v r chut hoc dng thc n Format /

Column / Width.
III.5. Thay i cao hng
Chn cc hng cn iu chnh cao
t tr chut mp di vng tiu v r chut hoc dng thc n Format /

Row / Hight.
IV. Cc thao tc vi mt bng tnh

IV.1. Kch hot bng tnh
Kch chut vo tn sheet trn danh sch cc sheet.
Dng cc nt chuyn
Kch nt phi ti vng cc nt chuyn v kch vo tn sheet cn thit.
IV.2. Cc thao tc vi sheet
Chn sheet
Kch nt phi chut vo tn sheet v chn cc lnh sau:

Rename: i tn bng tnh
Insert: chn thm bng tnh
Delete: xo bng tnh
Move or copy: di chuyn hoc sao chp bng tnh.
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V. Mt s hm thng dng
V.1. Cc hm thng k
Average(number1, number2, ...): tnh gi tr trung bnh ca cc s.
Max(number1, number2, ...): tnh gi tr ln nht ca cc s.
Min(number1, number2, ...): tnh gi tr nh nht ca cc s.
Sum(number1, number2, ...): tnh tng cc s.
Count(number1, number2, ...): m cc cha s.
Rank(number, ref, order): tr li s th t trong danh sch s.
V.2. Cc hm i kiu
Text(value, format_text): i cc gi tr s thnh text.
Value(Text): chuyn cc text i din cho gi tr s thnh s.
V.3. Cc hm k t
Left(text,num_chars): tr li mt s k t c ch nh t bn tri chui k t.
Right(text,num_chars): tr li mt s k t c ch nh t bn phi chui k t.
Mid(text,start_num,num_chars): tr li mt s k t t mt v tr xc nh.
Upper(text): chuyn text thnh ch hoa.
Lower(text): chuyn text thnh ch thng.
Proper(text): chuyn ch ci u t v cc k t ngay sau k t c bit thnh thnh ch
hoa.
Trim(text): xo b tt c cc k t trng tha.
V.4. Cc hm ton hc
SQRT(number): hm cn bc 2.
ABS(number): ly gi tr tuyt i.
Round(number,num_digit): lm trn s.
V.5. Cc hm logic
If(logical_test,value_if_true, value_if_ false): hm tr li gi tr ng nu biu thc logic
nhn gi tr TRUE v ngc li.
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And(logical1, logical2, ...): hm nhn gi tr TRUE nu tt c cc i s nhn gi tr

TRUE.
OR(logical1,logical2, ...): hm nhn gi tr FALSE nu tt c cc i s nhn gi tr
FALSE.
V.6. Cch s dng hp Function

Insert /Function.
VI. Sao chp v di chuyn d liu

VI.1. Sao chp d liu
Dng nt tri chut: chn d liu gc. Gi Ctrl v r chut ti ch.
Dng nt phi chut: chn d liu gc. Dng nt phi chut r ti ch v chn
mt trong cc la chn sau trong thc n ngn: Copy Here - dn kt qu sao
chp ti y, Copy as Value Only- ch sao chp gi tr ca d liu gc, Copy as
Format Only- ch sao chp nh dng ca d liu gc, Link Here - lin kt vi cc
cha d liu gc, Shift Down and Copy - chn vo cc cha d liu vng
ch v y chng xung di, Shift Right and Copy - chn vo cc cha d liu
vng ch v y chng sang phi, Cancel - hu vic sao chp.
Dng b m
+ Chn d liu gc.
+ Edit / Copy
+ Chn mt vng ch
+ Edit / Paste hoc Edit / Paste Special.
VI.2. Di chuynd liu
Dng nt tri chut: chn d liu gc. R chut ti ch.
Dng nt phi chut: chn d liu gc. Dng nt phi chut r ti ch v chn
mt trong cc la chn sau trong thc n ngn: Move Here - dn kt qu di
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chuyn ti y, Shift Down and Move - chn vo cc cha d liu vng ch

v y chng xung di, Shift Right and Move - chn vo cc cha d liu
vng ch v y chng sang phi, Cancel - hu vic di chuyn.
Dng b m
+ Chn d liu gc.
+ Edit / Cut
+ Chn mt vng ch
+ Edit / Paste.
VII. C s d liu
C s d liu : l mt vng hnh ch nht gm cc hng v cc ct. Mi ct tng ng
vi mt trng. Hng nhn ct l tn cc trng. T hng th hai tr i tng ng vi mt bn
ghi.
VIII. Sp xp d liu
- Kch mt trong vng d liu
- Thc hin Data / Sort.
IX. Biu
- Chn vng d liu
- Nhn F11 hoc kch nt Chart Default hoc lm theo hng dn ca Chart
Wizard.
X. nh dng cho d liu v in n

nh dng cho d liu: Format / Cells.
Ci t trang giy in: Format / Page Setup.
Xem trc khi in: File / Print Preview.
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In: File / Print.
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Cu hi v bi tp
1. Hy phn bit s khc nhau gi vic xo mt file, xo mt bng tnh v xo d
liu.
2. Hy phn bit s khc nhau gia vic t tn file v t tn cho bng tnh.
3. M file BD10A.xls, sao chp bng tnh HKI-10A v i tn bn sao thnh HKII10A. Hy t vo im hc k II cho cc bn lp 10A, trong s im h s 1 ca
cc bn khng ging nhau. Chng hn nh, bn th nht ch c mt im h s 1,
bn th 4 li c 3 im h s 1, ... Sau tnh ct im TB cho cc bn ch bng
mt cng thc v hon thnh mt cc ct cn li. Trnh by bng im cho p v
in ra giy hoc xem ch Print Preview.
4. M file mi, ghi vo a vi tn l QLSACH.XLS
5. To bng d liu theo mu sau:
Ngy
Stt
Tn sch
Nh xb
Loi
n
gi
S
Thnh tin
lng
2/2/99
Doremon 1
Kim ng
Truyn Tranh 6500
2/2/99
Tp t lp 3,t1
Gio dc
Sgk
1200
10
2/15/99
Ting Vit lp 3,t1
Gio dc
Sgk
3500
15
2/15/99
Doremon 1
Kim ng
Truyn Tranh 6500
25
2/15/99
Tp t lp 3,t1
Gio dc
Sgk
1200
20
2/15/99
Ting Vit lp 4,t1
Gio dc
Sgk
3700
3/7/99
Doremon 2
Kim ng
Truyn Tranh 6500
30
3/20/99
Ting Vit lp 3,t1
Gio dc
Sgk
3500
25
3/20/99
Tp t lp 3,t1
Gio dc
Sgk
1200
Ting Vit lp 5,t1
Gio dc
Sgk
4000
20
10 3/20/99
Yu cu:
- Nhp d liu cho cc ct Stt, Ngy, Tn sch, Nh Xut bn (Gio dc, Kim ng, ...),
Loi (SGK, Truyn Tranh, Tiu thuyt,...), n gi v S lng. Nhp t nht 10 bn ghi theo
mu.
- Ct Thnh tin c tnh theo cng thc sau:
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Thnh tin = n gi * s lng nu s lng nh hn 10.
Thnh tin = n gi * s lng *(1 - 5%) nu s lng t 10 n 20.
Thnh tin = n gi * slng*(1-10%) nu s lngln hn hoc bng 20.
6. t tn cho sheet hin thi l BANHANG

7. Sao chp sang sheet mi, sp xp theo gi tr tng dn ca tn nh xut bn. Nu gi tr
ca nh xut bn trng nhau th sp xp theo gi tr gim dn ca ct Thnh tin. t
tn vng d liu va sao chp sang l Bansao1. t tn sheet hin thi l TONGHOP.
8. Dng chc nng Sutotal tnh tng thnh tin ca tng nh xut bn v tng chung.
Sao chp kt qu sang vng khc ca Sheet TONGHOP v t tn cho vng kt qu l
TH.NHAXB. Kt qu c dng nh sau:
Nh xb
Thnh tin
Gio dc Total
276525
Kim ng Total
354250
Grand Total
630775
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MC LC
Bi 1: Lm quen vi Excel.....................................................................................1
I. Tng quan v Excel.............................................................................................1
I.1. Gii thiu Excel .............................................................................................1
I.2. c im ca Excel 2000 ..............................................................................1
II. Khi ng v thot khi Excel.........................................................................2
II.1. Khi ng Excel: ..........................................................................................2
II.2. Thot khi Excel:..........................................................................................2
III. Mn hnh lm vic ca Excel..........................................................................3
III.1. Mn hnh Excel............................................................................................3
III.2. nh dng mn hnh Excel ..........................................................................4
IV. Gii thiu bng tnh ca Excel .......................................................................5
IV.1. Workbook ....................................................................................................5
IV.2. Worksheet....................................................................................................5
Cu hi v bi tp...................................................................................................7
Bi 2: Nhp d liu vo bng tnh v cc thao tc vi tp ................................8
I. Cc kiu d liu trong Excel..............................................................................8
I.1. Kiu hng: .....................................................................................................8
I.1.1. Text: ........................................................................................................8
I.1.2. Number ...................................................................................................9
I.2. Kiu cng thc...............................................................................................9
I.3. Kiu logic v cc li ......................................................................................9
II. Cch nhp ch ting Vit ...............................................................................10
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II.1. Kiu g VNI:...............................................................................................10

II.2. Kiu g TELEX: .........................................................................................10
III. Nhp v chnh sa d liu ............................................................................10
III.1. Quy tc chung............................................................................................10
III.2. Mt s th thut nhp d liu nhanh ........................................................11
III.3. G d liu kiu text....................................................................................13
III.4. G d liu kiu s......................................................................................14
III.5. G d liu kiu ngy thng .......................................................................14
IV. Cc phng tin sa v xo ..........................................................................15
IV.1. Sa d liu ................................................................................................15
IV.2. Thay ton b d liu c bng d liu hon ton mi...............................15
IV.3. Sa mt phn ni dung trong .................................................................16
IV.4. Xo d liu ................................................................................................16
V. Cch di chuyn con tr trong bng tnh ....................................................16
V.1. Di chuyn con tr bng chut .................................................................17
V.2. Di chuyn con tr bng bn phm...........................................................17
V.3. Dng hp hi thoi GoTo ..........................................................................18
VI. Cc thao tc vi file d liu...........................................................................18
VI.1. Ghi file hin thi vo a ..........................................................................18
VI.2. Ghi file hin thi vo a vi tn khc......................................................20
VI.3. Gi mt file c sn t a ra mn hnh .....................................................21
VI.4. To mt file mi ........................................................................................22
VI.5. ng file hin thi ....................................................................................23
Cu hi v bi tp.................................................................................................24
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Bi 3: Cc thao tc vi hng, ct, trong mt bng tnh ................................26

I. nh dng ct, dng, ......................................................................................26
I.1. Thay i rng ct....................................................................................26
I.1.1. Dng chut............................................................................................26
I.1.2. Dng thc n ......................................................................................26
I.2. Thay i cao hng ..................................................................................26
I.2.1. Dng chut............................................................................................26
I.2.2. Dng thc n ......................................................................................27
I.3. Ni v tch :...............................................................................................27
II. Cch chn hng, ct v ................................................................................28
II.1. Chn hng...................................................................................................28
II.2. Chn ct......................................................................................................28
II.3. Chn .........................................................................................................28
III. Cch chn hng, ct v ...............................................................................28
III.1. Chn hng..................................................................................................28
III.2. Chn ct.....................................................................................................29
III.3. Chn ........................................................................................................29
IV. Hu hng, ct v ..........................................................................................30
IV.1. Hu hng ...................................................................................................30
IV.2. Hu ct ......................................................................................................30
IV.3. Hu .........................................................................................................31
V. Cc thao tc vi cc bng tnh trong mt Workbook..................................32
V.1. Kch hot mt bng tnh.............................................................................32
V.2. i tn bng tnh........................................................................................32
V.3. Chn thm bng tnh mi ...........................................................................33
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V.4. Xo bng tnh .............................................................................................33

V.5. Di chuyn hoc sao chp mt bng tnh ....................................................34
Cu hi v bi tp.................................................................................................35
Bi 4: S dng cng thc v cc hm tnh ton c bn...................................37
I. S dng Cng thc trong Excel ......................................................................37
I.1. Cc ton t ..................................................................................................37
I.1.1. Ton t s: ............................................................................................37
I.1.2. Ton t chui ........................................................................................37
I.1.3. Ton t so snh .....................................................................................37
I.2. Nhp cng thc vo bng tnh.....................................................................38
I.2.1. Quy tc chung .......................................................................................38
I.2.2. Cng thc n gin...............................................................................38
I.3. a ch tng i v tuyt i .....................................................................40
I.3.1. a ch tng i: .................................................................................40
I.3.2. a ch tuyt i:...................................................................................40
I.4. Lin kt d liu ............................................................................................41
I.4.1. Lin kt d liu gia cc bng tnh.......................................................41
I.4.2. Lin kt d liu gia cc tp tin Excel: ................................................41
II. Khi nim hm trong Excel: ..........................................................................41
II.1. Nhm hm s ..............................................................................................42
II.1.1. Hm SQRT ..........................................................................................42
II.1.2. Hm ABS.............................................................................................42
II.1.3. Hm ROUND ......................................................................................43
II.2. Nhm hm thng k ....................................................................................43
II.2.1. Hm Average.......................................................................................43
II.2.2. Hm Max .............................................................................................44
II.2.3. Hm MIN.............................................................................................44
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II.2.4. Hm SUM............................................................................................45
II.2.5. Hm COUNT.......................................................................................46
II.2.6. Hm RANK .........................................................................................47
II.3. Nhm hm i kiu .....................................................................................48
II.3.1. Hm TEXT ..........................................................................................48
II.3.2. Hm VALUE.......................................................................................48
II.4. Nhm hm k t...........................................................................................49
II.4.1. Hm LEFT...........................................................................................49
II.4.2. Hm RIGHT ........................................................................................49
II.4.3. Hm MID.............................................................................................50
II.4.4. Hm UPPER ........................................................................................50
II.4.5. Hm LOWER ......................................................................................51
II.4.6. Hm PROPER .....................................................................................51
II.4.7. Hm TRIM ..........................................................................................52
II.5. Nhm hm iu kin ...................................................................................52
II.5.1. Hm IF.................................................................................................52
II.5.2. SUMIF .................................................................................................53
II.5.3. COUNTIF............................................................................................53
II.6. Nhm hm ngy thng................................................................................54
II.6.1. Date......................................................................................................54
II.6.2. WEEKDAY .........................................................................................54
II.6.3. DAY.....................................................................................................54
II.6.4. MONTH...............................................................................................55
II.6.5. YEAR ..................................................................................................55
II.7. Nhm hm logic..........................................................................................55
II.7.1. Hm And..............................................................................................55
II.7.2. Hm OR...............................................................................................56
II.7.3. Hm NOT ............................................................................................56
II.8. Nhm hm tm kim ....................................................................................57
II.8.1. Hm VLOOKUP .................................................................................57
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II.8.2. Hm HLOOKUP .................................................................................58

II.9. Cch s dng hp Function .......................................................................58
Cu hi v bi tp.................................................................................................60
Bi 5: Sao chp v di chuyn d liu ..................................................................62
I. Sao chp .............................................................................................................62
I.1. Sao chp d liu...........................................................................................62
I.2. Dng chut...................................................................................................62
I.2.1. Dng nt tri chut: ..............................................................................62
I.2.2. Dng nt phi chut..............................................................................63
I.3. Dng b m (clipboard) ............................................................................64
I.4. Sao chp bnh thng:.................................................................................64
I.5. Dn c bit.................................................................................................65
I.6. Sao chp sang vng ln cn nh AutoFill (t ng in d liu)...............66
II. Di chuyn d liu.............................................................................................66
II.1. Dng chut .................................................................................................67
II.1.1. Dng nt tri chut ..............................................................................67
II.1.2. Dng nt phi chut ............................................................................68
II.2. Dng b m (clipboard) ...........................................................................68
II.3. Di chuyn bnh thng: ..............................................................................69
III. Xo d liu: ....................................................................................................69
IV. Sao chp nh dng, chn ghi ch ................................................................70
IV.1. Sao chp nh dng:..................................................................................70
IV.2. Chn ghi ch (Comment):.........................................................................70
IV.3. Chnh sa v xo ghi ch: ........................................................................70
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Cu hi v bi tp.................................................................................................71
Bi 6: nh dng cho d liu ...............................................................................72
I. nh dng cho d liu kiu s..........................................................................72
II. nh dng ngy thng.....................................................................................73
III. nh dng v tr ..............................................................................................74
III.1. nh dng kiu ch cho d liu ................................................................76
III.2. To ng vin .......................................................................................77
III.3. T mu .......................................................................................................77
Bi 7: C s d liu trong excel v cch t tn cho vng d liu ..................80
I. Khi nim ..........................................................................................................80
II. Cch to mt danh sch trn bng tnh ........................................................81
II.1. Kch thc v v tr ca danh sch.............................................................81
II.2. Cc nhn ca ct (column labels) ..............................................................81
II.3. Ni dung ca hng v ct...........................................................................81
III. Cch t tn cho vng d liu v truy cp ti vng t tn ................82
III.1. Cch t tn cho mt hoc mt vng ..................................................82
III.2. t tn cho cc bng cch s dng cc nhn hng v ct c sn.........83
III.3. Truy cp ti vng t tn......................................................................83
Bi 8: Tm kim v sp xp d liu ....................................................................85
I. Tm kim v thay th........................................................................................85
I.1. Tm kim: .....................................................................................................85
I.2. Thay th: ......................................................................................................85
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II. Sp xp d liu ................................................................................................86

II.1. Sp xp d liu tng hoc gim dn theo ni dung ca mt ct................87
II.2. Sp xp d liu theo ni dung ca hai hoc nhiu ct...............................87
II.3. Sp xp xp d liu theo ni dung ca hng ..............................................89
II.4. Sp xp theo thng, ngy hoc theo th t do ngi dng to..................89
II.4.1. To danh sch theo th t do ngi dng to (custom list) ................89
II.4.2. Sp xp theo thng, ngy hoc theo th t ca danh sch t to ........90
Bi 9: To biu .................................................................................................94
I. Cc phn t c bn ca biu ......................................................................94
II. To biu ngm nh theo mt bc ........................................................94
III. Cch to th nh Chart Wizarrd ............................................................96
Bi 10: nh dng trang v In n .....................................................................101
I. nh dng trang ..............................................................................................101
I.1. nh dng trang.........................................................................................101
I.1.1. Page ....................................................................................................102

I.1.2. Margins ...............................................................................................102
I.1.3. Header/Footer ....................................................................................102

I.1.4. Sheet ...................................................................................................103
II. In .....................................................................................................................104
Cu hi v bi tp...............................................................................................106
n tp ..................................................................................................................107
I. Mt s thao tc c bn vi file d liu..........................................................107
II. Nhp, sa, xo d liu...................................................................................107
II.1. Nhp hng: ...............................................................................................107
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Gio trnh Excel
II.2. Nhp cng thc: .......................................................................................107

II.3. Sa ton b d liu...................................................................................107
II.4. Sa mt phn d liu: ..............................................................................108
II.5. Xo d liu................................................................................................108
III. Cc thao tc vi hng, ct, .......................................................................108
III.1. Chn hng, ct .....................................................................................108
III.2. Chn thm hng, ct, ............................................................................108
III.3. Hu thm hng, ct, ..............................................................................108
III.4. Thay i rng ct ...............................................................................109
III.5. Thay i cao hng ..............................................................................109
IV. Cc thao tc vi mt bng tnh...................................................................109
IV.1. Kch hot bng tnh.................................................................................109
IV.2. Cc thao tc vi sheet.............................................................................109
V. Mt s hm thng dng ................................................................................110
V.1. Cc hm thng k.....................................................................................110
V.2. Cc hm i kiu......................................................................................110
V.3. Cc hm k t ...........................................................................................110
V.4. Cc hm ton hc ....................................................................................110
V.5. Cc hm logic ..........................................................................................110
V.6. Cch s dng hp Function .....................................................................111
VI. Sao chp v di chuyn d liu.....................................................................111
VI.1. Sao chp d liu......................................................................................111
VI.2. Di chuynd liu .....................................................................................111
VII. C s d liu ...............................................................................................112
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VIII. Sp xp d liu ..........................................................................................112

IX. Biu ..........................................................................................................112
X. nh dng cho d liu v in n.....................................................................112
125

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Excel

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Gio trnh Excel

I.2. c im ca Excel 2000

Gio trnh Excel

II. Khi ng v thot khi Excel

Cng c th khi ng Excel bng cch click vo biu tng (shortcut) ca

II.2. Thot khi Excel:

gc bn phi thanh tiu .

C3: Double click biu trng

pha trn tri thanh tiu .

Gio trnh Excel

C3: Nhn t hp phm Alt+F4.

pha trn tri thanh tiu khi xut hin mt trnh

trn thanh Taskbar

khi xut hin mt trnh n chn Close.

Kch nt Yes nu mun lu nhng thay i vo a, nu khng mun, hy kch nt

III. Mn hnh lm vic ca Excel

Trn mn hnh Excel, ch n cc thnh phn sau:

Gio trnh Excel

- Thanh tiu (Title bar): cha tn phn mm ng dng (Microsoft Excel) v tn

cc thao tc c bn nht nh: m file mi

(Open), ghi file vo

nhanh d liu nh: chn font cho d liu

(font), chn c font cho d liu

(Font size), ....

III.2. nh dng mn hnh Excel

Gio trnh Excel

IV. Gii thiu bng tnh ca Excel

Gio trnh Excel

- Cc ct (columns): trong mt bng tnh ca Excel c 256 ct. Tiu ca ct

Gio trnh Excel

Gio trnh Excel

Bi 2: Nhp d liu vo bng tnh v

I.1. Kiu hng:

Gio trnh Excel

I.2. Kiu cng thc

I.3. Kiu logic v cc li

Gio trnh Excel

II. Cch nhp ch ting Vit

II.1. Kiu g VNI:

II.2. Kiu g TELEX:

III. Nhp v chnh sa d liu

Gio trnh Excel

III.2. Mt s th thut nhp d liu nhanh

Gio trnh Excel

ta c th nhp nhanh nh sau:

Nu cn nhp d liu ging ht nhau trong mt hoc vi vng, hy lm nh sau:

Gio trnh Excel

Nu nh g d liu vo mt vng xc nh, hy lm nh sau:

Nhn Shift + Tab chuyn con tr theo chiu ngc li.

III.3. G d liu kiu text

Gio trnh Excel

Khi text di hn rng ca mt , Excel cho php ko di k t sang cc ln

Trong trng hp cc bn phi cha d liu th ta s khng nhn thy mt

III.4. G d liu kiu s

Khi s c g vo di hn rng ca mt , Excel s th hin s di dng

III.5. G d liu kiu ngy thng

Gio trnh Excel

Gi, pht sng hoc chiu