8.

4 Triangles EMCJB
Proportionality of triangles EMCJC
1. In the diagram below, ABC and DEF have the same height (h) since both
triangles are between the same parallel lines.
A
B C
D
E F
h h
Area ABC =
1
2
BC h
Area DEF =
1
2
EF h and
Area ABC
Area DEF
=
1
2
BC h
1
2
EF h
Therefore
Area ABC
Area DEF
=
BC
EF
Triangles with equal heights have areas which are proportional to their bases.
2. WXY and ZXY have the same base (XY ) and the same height (h) since
both triangles lie between the same parallel lines.
X Y
W Z
h
Area WXY =
1
2
XY h
Area ZXY =
1
2
XY h
Area WXY = Area ZXY
Triangles with equal bases and between the same parallel lines are equal in area.
3. PQR and SQR have the same base (QR) and are equal in area.
Q
P S
R
h
1
h
2
Area PQR = Area SQR
1
2
QR h
1
=
1
2
QR h
2
h
1
= h
2
PS QR
Triangles on the same side of the same base and equal in area, lie between parallel
lines.
327 Chapter 8. Euclidean geometry