The third quartile lies between the ninth and tenth values.

We can conrm this using

the formula:
Location of Q
3
=
3
4
(n 1) + 1
=
3
4
(11) + 1
= 9,25
Therefore, the value of the third quartile is
Q
3
=
4,75 + 4,8
2
= 4,775
Step 3: Draw the box and whisker diagram
We now have the ve number summary as (1,25; 2,5; 3,65; 4,775; 5,1). The box and
whisker diagram representing the ve number summary is given below.
1 1,5 2 2,5 3 3,5 4 4,5 5 5,5 1,25 4,775 3,65 5,1
See video: 29BT at www.everythingmaths.co.za
Worked example 2: Variance and standard deviation
QUESTION
You ip a coin 100 times and it lands on heads 44 times. You then use the same
coin and do another 100 ips. This time in lands on heads 49 times. You repeat this
experiment a total of 10 times and get the following results for the number of heads.
{44; 49; 52; 62; 53; 48; 54; 49; 46; 51}
For the data set above:
Calculate the mean.
Calculate the variance and standard deviation using a table.
Conrm your answer for the variance and standard deviation using a calculator.
SOLUTION
Step 1: Calculate the mean
The formula for the mean is
x =

n
i=1
x
i
n
In this case, we sum the data and divide by 10 to get x = 50,8.
363 Chapter 9. Statistics