533221 Surveying

Angle, Bearing, and Azimuth

Dr. Surames Piriyawat

Dr. Surames Piriyawat

AB

Department of Civil Engineering

Faculty of Engineering
Burapha University

DAB

A
1

Dr. Surames Piriyawat

(Interior or exterior angles):

(Closed polygon)

: (Horizontal angle)

(Angle to the right or to the left):

: (Vertical angle)

(Deflection angle):


R (+)

L (-)
Dr. Surames Piriyawat

Dr. Surames Piriyawat

Direction of Line
(Navigation)
(Meridian)
(Great circle) 4

(Zenith angles):
0o
90o

(Astronomic meridian):


(Geodetic meridian)

(Vertical angle):
0o


Dr. Surames Piriyawat

(Magnetic meridian):


5

Dr. Surames Piriyawat

(Assumed meridian):

2
(Bearings):

(Grid meridian):



(True meridian)

Dr. Surames Piriyawat

Note: 90o
Geodetic
bearings, Magnetic bearings, Assumed bearings Grid bearings
7

Dr. Surames Piriyawat

(Azimuths):


(Clockwise)

Geodetic azimuths, Magnetic
azimuths, Assumed azimuths Grid azimuths

:
Forward bearings, Forward azimuths

:
Backward bearings, Backward azimuths

1.

2.

Dr. Surames Piriyawat

Bearings quadrant

NE

Bearings

Relation
=

N 49 E

SE

S 35 E

180 35

SW

S 50o W

180o + 50o

N 20o W

360 20

NW

Azimuth quadrant

49o

0 90

145

Azimuth

90o 180o

230o

180o 270o

270o 360o

340

10

Dr. Surames Piriyawat

E AB = HDAB sin Az AB

North

Azimuth quadrant
0 90
o

90 180
o

Azimuth
49

145

Relation

Bearings

S 35 E

SE

S 50o W

SW

230o

S (230o 180o )W

270 360

N (360 340 )W

340

NE

S (180o 145o ) E

180o 270o
o

Bearings quadrant

N 49 E

N 49 E
o

N 20 W

Az AB

HDAB

NW

A (EA , N A )

(0,0)

Dr. Surames Piriyawat

N AB = HDAB cos Az AB

B ( EB , N B )

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Dr. Surames Piriyawat

E B = E A + E AB

N AB

N B = N A + N AB

E AB
East

HDAB = ( X B X A ) 2 + (YB YA ) 2
Az AB = tan 1

(X B X A)
(YB YA )
12