The document discusses the subdivision of oblong, rhombus, and trapezium shapes for use in architectural design elements like door panels, ceilings, and domes. It provides examples of historical ceilings that use oblong patterns and examines different types of trapeziums that can be subdivided, such as parallel and symmetrical trapeziums. Guidelines are given for subdividing these shapes, with the goal of leaving a regular or symmetrical central portion while cutting off projecting angles. While trapezoid subdivision is more challenging, the general principle is to try and make the entire figure more regular through triangular cuts.
The document discusses the subdivision of oblong, rhombus, and trapezium shapes for use in architectural design elements like door panels, ceilings, and domes. It provides examples of historical ceilings that use oblong patterns and examines different types of trapeziums that can be subdivided, such as parallel and symmetrical trapeziums. Guidelines are given for subdividing these shapes, with the goal of leaving a regular or symmetrical central portion while cutting off projecting angles. While trapezoid subdivision is more challenging, the general principle is to try and make the entire figure more regular through triangular cuts.
The document discusses the subdivision of oblong, rhombus, and trapezium shapes for use in architectural design elements like door panels, ceilings, and domes. It provides examples of historical ceilings that use oblong patterns and examines different types of trapeziums that can be subdivided, such as parallel and symmetrical trapeziums. Guidelines are given for subdividing these shapes, with the goal of leaving a regular or symmetrical central portion while cutting off projecting angles. While trapezoid subdivision is more challenging, the general principle is to try and make the entire figure more regular through triangular cuts.
The document discusses the subdivision of oblong, rhombus, and trapezium shapes for use in architectural design elements like door panels, ceilings, and domes. It provides examples of historical ceilings that use oblong patterns and examines different types of trapeziums that can be subdivided, such as parallel and symmetrical trapeziums. Guidelines are given for subdividing these shapes, with the goal of leaving a regular or symmetrical central portion while cutting off projecting angles. While trapezoid subdivision is more challenging, the general principle is to try and make the entire figure more regular through triangular cuts.
Plate 14. The Obloxg. 1. Subdivision for Door panels, Sofits of arches, &c. 2.
tablets, &c. 3.
Borders for ceilings. 4 and 5. Modern Album-covers, (Gewerbehalle). Plate 15. The Oblong. 1. Ceiling, Quedlinburg, German, 1560, (Gewerbehalle). 2. Ceiling, Massimi Palace, Rome, by Baldassare Peruzzi, (Leta- rouilly). 3. Coffer ceiling, Farnese Palace, Rome, by Barozzi da Vignola, (Letarouilly). Plate 16. The Obloxg. 1. Ceiling, modern, (Gewerbehalle). 2. Vaulted ceiling, S. Peter's, Rome, beginning of the 17th century, (Italienisches Skizzenbuch). The Subdivision of the Rhombus, and the Trapezium. (Plate 17.) Rhombus or "Lozenge" is the name usually given to the equi- lateral foursided figure with pairs of unequal angles. The principal auxiliary lines of these figures are the diagonals. The subdivision generally leaves an oblong or hexagonal panel in the centre. The Trapezium is a four-sided figure with unequal sides. The Parallel Trapezium has two parallel sides which are unequal and two equal sides which are not parallel (PI. 17, figs. 5 to 8). The Sym- metrical Trapezium has two pairs of adjacent equal sides (PI. 17, figs. 9 and 10). Any other irregular four-sided rectilinear figure is a Trapezoid. Some suitable subdivisions are given on Plate 17. Definite directions for the Trapezoid can scarcely be given; its sub- division is seldom easy, and varies with each particular case. The general principle is: Endeavour to cut-off projecting angles by means of triangles in such a way as to leave a portion of the entire figure regular or symmetrical. This is, however, a matter of ax'tistic taste; and more easily learnt than taught. Among other applications of the symmetrical or parallel Tni- pezium is that to Cupolas of Domes: the lines are indeed curves on a bent surface; but this causes very little alteration in the sub- division.