I K

N P
1
kam l cnXv
tUm. B. eoemtZhn
Fw. F. (a e.), Fw. F. (kwkvIrXw)
]n. Fv. Un. (Cwojv)
D] \n j pI
hn. _meIrjvW
&
I K
N P
2
Compiled by: V. Balakrishnan and Dr. R. Leeladevi
108 UPANISHATHUKAL
(Malayalam)
108 UPANISHATHUKAL by V Balakrishnan and R Leeladevi is licensed under
a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.
I K
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D]\njpI
1
3
D]-\nj- pI thZ-fpsS Ahkm\amWv AXp
sImv thZm-kw \Inbncnpp. D]-\nj-p
I AkvXnhmcamWv. `mcXn ]no-Spmb XXz
imkv{Xfpw aXfpw AXns\ B{i-bnp \npp.
D]-\nj- pIfnse Imhy-{]- Xn`bvpw Db BZi-
pw thZkq- fnepw IkwlnXIfnepw XXz
hnNmctm A[nIambn aXs- nbpw Im\p
jvTm\- sf-nbpamWv {]Xn]mZnnp-Xv. D]- \nj- p
Ifn-emIs kwln-X-I-fnse ]pcm-W-I-Y-I-sfm-fpw,
{_mW- fnse AXnkqv a- fmb XhnX-
sfmfpw, BcWyI-fn {]Xn]mZn tZhXm imkv{X
tmfpw Db hnNmc ImWmw. D]- \nj-pI
fpsS eyw {][m\ambn Pnmkpfmb a\pjymm
v imnbpw kzX{yhpw \IpIbmWv. B[ym
nI {]iv\p ]co--WmIamb ]cnlmcw
tNmtZymccq]- nepw hmZ{]Xn]mZambpw \Inbncn
pp. Ah ]cakXy-ns icnbmb kz`mhw {Kln
bv m thn am\h a\n\pmIp hy{KXtb-bpw
AXp t\Smthn sNp ITn\ ]cn{i-atbpw {]I
Sampp. D]-\nj- pI {Ia_-amb Hcp XXzim
kv{Xns cq]-nep-hb; Ahsbmw Hscm {K
Imcs IrXnIf. AhbpsS \nmW- Imehpw H.
D]\njp IfpsS kwJybpw cN\mImehpw
D]-\nj- pIfn s]mXphn 108 BsWp IW-
mnhcpp. Ahbn imc`mjy- ap ]s- amWv
apJyw. Ch Ghpw {]mamWnIfpw ]pcmX\-fpam
Wv. AhbpsS \nmW-Imean- sXp IrXy-ambn ]d-
bm \app Ignbn. Ahbn Ghpw ]g-apXp
_uImen\pw appmb- XmWv; NneXv _p\pti-
jhpw Ah cNnXv thZkq-- fpsS \nmWw kam
]nXn\pti- jhpw _paXns Bhn`mhn\p
app CSmev AXmbXv {In. ap. Bdmw \qmamn
epamsWp hcmw. BZntam]-\nj- pIfpsS \nmW-
Imew {In. ap. 1000- amp apX _n. kn. 300- -amphsc
bmsWv IW-ms-ncnp-p. imc`mjyap
]pXnb D]-\nj- pI _p\p tijw cNnhbmWv.
AhbpsS Imew {In. ap. kpam \m\qtdm aqtdm BWv.
{]mNo- \-fmb D]- \nj- pI KZynemWv . Chbvv
{]tXyI am-tfm k{- Zmbtfm C. sFXtcbw,
Iujo- XIn, ssXncobw, OmtmKyw, _rlZmcWyIw
Chbvp ]pdta "tI\' D]-\nj- nse Ipdp `mK-fpw
{]mNo\-fmWv . AtX kabw tIt\m]-\nj- nse 113
a{fpw _rl- ZmcWyInse 8 apX 21 hsc a{
fpw D]-\nj- pI Otm_ambn amdp kw{Ia
W- ImepmbhbmWv. Ah ]noSp tNXmsWp
tXmpw. ItTm]\njv ]no-Spmb-XmWv. AXn
kmwJyXXzfpw tbmKknmfpw \app ImWm
Ignbpw. AXn ap]- \nj- pIfn\npw `K- hZvKo-X
bn\npw [mcmfw DcW-fpv. {]tXyI am- -
fns] D]- \nj-pIv app D]- \nj-pIfn
amqIyw Ghpw \ho-\amWv. AYthZo-b--fmb
D]- \nj- pIfpw ]no- SpmbhbmWv. ssa{XmbWn D]-
\nj-n kmwJy-Zi-\ntebpw tbmK- Zi- \-n
tebpw XXz ImWmw. hnhn[-fmb Zmi- \nIkn
m Xgp hfphcp ImemWv tiXmiz
tcm]\njns cN\. k\mX\ Zmi-\nI{K- -- fpsS
]mcn`mjnI -i_vZ Adnbmambncpp. F-Xn\p
kmyw hlnp [mcmfw k` CXn ImWmw.
Ahbnse {]m[m\knm- tfbpw CXn hniZoIcn
npv. BkvXnIyho- - W- neqsS thZmw, kmwJyw,
tbmKw Cu aqp Zi- \- fptSbpw ka\zbw km[n
emWv Cu D]-\nj- ns Bi-b- sap tXmpw. BZy-
Imes KZym- Iamb D]-\nj- pIfn IqSpX hnip
I]- \IfmWp-Xv . ]nmes D]- \nj-pIfn
emIs aX]camb ]qPm\pjvTm\fpw `n`mh\bpw
Dsmnncnpp. D]-\nj- pIfnse Zmi-\nIX
Xzsf {]Xn]mZnm _uImen\p tij- ap D]-
\nj-pItfbpw kzoIcnmw. \psS Dtiyw km[n
ms\Sp-p D]-\nj- pI OmtmKyw, _rl- Zmc
WyIw, ssXncobw, sFXtcbw, Iujo-XIn, tI\w
FnhbmWv. Cutim]- \njpw amqIyhpw AXn\p
tijta hcppp.
D]-\nj-pI cNn almmcmb NnImcpsS
Ncn{Xw AXmXv BfpIfpsS {][m\amb kw`mh\Isf
hnpsIm-sgpXp ]w I]nX\ma-sfmgn
m, aloZmk, sFXtcb, sscIz, imWvUney,
kXy-ImaPm_me, ssPhen, DmeI, tizX tIXp,
`cZzmP, KmKymb- W, {]X\, _memIn, APmX
i{Xp, hcpW, bmhIy, Kmn, ssat{Xbn
Fo t]cpI ap]- nbn hcpw.
D]\njpIfn N
D]\nj- pIfnse apJy{]- Xn]mZyw Zi-\imkv {Xn
I K
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4
s ASnm\{]iv \w XsbmWv; kXyw GXmsW
At\zjWw Xs. hkvXptfmSpw AhbpsS KuW
ImcW- -tfmSpap AXr]v Xn Nne tNmZy- - fp-bnp
p. tizXmizXtcm]- \nj-ns Bcw`n \mw Ah
ImWppv. ""\mw FhnsS\npmbn. \mw FhnsS Pohn
pp. \mw FhnsS t]mIpp. Atbm {_thZnItf
BcpsS imk\nIogn \manhnsS kpJ-ZpxJ- - fpsS
_nsp Ignbpp. Imetam {]IrXntbm Bh
iy-IXtbm bZrtbm A `qXtfm Bbncnptam
ImcWw? AYhm ]pcpj Fp ]d-b-s- Sp ]c{_w
Xsbmbncnptam?'' tIt\m]-\njn injy tNmZn
pp: ""BcpsS CbpsS t{]cW- sImmWv a\v
Xm\m{K-lnp ey-ntep sNpXv. BcpsS
B-bmemWv Hmas {]mW- \nizmkw ]pd-ph
Xv! BcpsS B-bmemWv \mw Cu hmp ]d- bp
Xv ? In\pw ImXn\pw t{]cW \Ip tZht\
XmWv ?'' NnIm kmam\y_pnI sNpXpt]mse
C{nbm\p`hs HchymtJybXXzambn KWnn. C{n
b sImscp m\s XnIpw icnbmsW-
pdnp kzoIcnmtam a\ns inIp kzX
{amb k-bptm AtXm ]nn \np IqSp
X inbp GXntsb-nepw Imcy-- fmtWm a\
ntXmbnmWp IgnhpI? Imcy-fpw P\y-fp
amb `uXnI]- Zm- -sf, AhbpsS Xmekz-cq]
ns, AhbpsS Imc-Wstmse XnIpw
bYm- amsWp \app IcpXm Ignbp- sXs\?
Chbvsmnepw ]nnembn kzbw`q- hmb Hcp ]cak
bpmbncnWw. AXp a\n\pw B{i- bambncnpw,
m\w, a\v, C{nb-fpw AhbpsS hnj- b-fpw
Fmw ]cnanXfpw {]Xn_- ap-hbpamWv . [mn
IImcy--fn ]cnanXw sImp bYmamb B\w
t\Sm Ignbnsp \ap\p`hap-XmWv. kmwkmcn
Ikp-J-t`m-K- -WnI- fm-Wv . Ah hmIyw
sImpw acWwsImpw \inp- hbmWv . aXm\pjv Tm
\-fn A-b-Po-hnXn\p thn apd- hnfn Iqpp.
CsXmw IqSnt Imehym]vXnbnm Hcp k-
bpsp hnizknm \s \n- cmpp. AXv
Hcp BymnIkbmWv; Zi\imkv {X- fpsS At\z
j-W- hnj-b-amWv; \psS Fm CItfbpw ]q-am
pXpw aXns eyhpamWv. D]- \njZv {Zjv Sm
Fp \npXpw (k) ]q kXyhpw (Nn) hnip
amb B\hpw (B\w) Bb Cu ]c-akbn
tebvv \s ASpnm {ianpp. Hmtcm am\h
lr- Z- b- n- tbpw {]m- \- bmWv : ""Fs Ak-
n\np k-bntep \bnq; Xan\np {]Im
i-ntep \bnq; arXyp-hn \np Aac-Xzn-
tebvp \bnq.''
bYm kXypsS kzcq]w
]cakXyns kzcq]\n-b- n\mbn D]- \nj
Im sshZnI EjnamcpsS hkvXp\njvSamb (A-
\mw) hoWtmSp Bobhn- Ws tNm
{ianp. thZkq--fn ]nXamb DX [mcW
GIk (GIw k)-sb-kw_- np-XmWv. AXv
Fmhn[w k-Ifnepw kzbw {]IShpambncpp. Cu
\njvj- n\v D]-\nj- pI _ew \In. Ahbn
Nnte- Sv Ah Bm- shp hnfnp "Alw'
XXzs Zmi- \nIho- W-tmsS hntjWw sNbvXp
sImmWv Cu {]iv \s kao]nnp- Xv . OmtmtKym
]- \nj-n Kpcpinjy-mcmb {]Pm]Xnbpw C{\pw
Xn \Sp Hcp kw`mj-W-n Bmhns\
kw_- np hymJym\n Bmhns\ (1) imcocn
Immhv , (2) C{nb-K- ay- \mb Bmhv, (3) A\p`-hmXo-
X\mb Bmhv (Kp]vXmm) , (4) ]camm Fns\
\membn hn`Pnncnpp. AhnsS hnai\ hnj- b-amb
{]iv \w a\ximkvX]-camsWp ]d-pIqSm. AXv IqSp
X B[ymnIamWv. a\pjy-\nse Bmhns AYhm
a\pjy- \nse apJykbpsS kzcq]samWv? Nbm
cw`np - sImv {]Pm]Xn Nne kmam\y e- W-sf hnh
cnpp. ""Bmhv ]m]ap\mWv; hrmhbnm
h\mWv; acWhpw ZpxJ- hpanmh\mWv; hnipw
Zml-hpanmh\mWv. Cnt- sXssmgnv ap
k- ]- fn- m- - h- \m- Wv . At- l- sbmWv \mw
kYm a\nemm {iantXv.'' AXv Fm]- cn
h\-fnepw amdmsX XpSp \np Im
hmWv ; AXv Pm{Kv , kz]v \w, kpjp- ]vXn, ac- Ww,
]p\- w, BXynIapn Cu ZiIfnsemw kmam
\y- L- SIambn \nesImp At`Zy- amb HcwK- amWv.
Hcnepw \innm Ignbm Hcp kc-fkXy- amW
Xv . acWw AXns\ kv]inpn. Hcp ZphnImcn\pw
AXns\ hnebnnm Ignbn. ncX, XpS, GI
X, \nXy-{Inbmio-eX Fnh AXns hntij e-
W-- fmWv . kzbw]q- amb Hcp temIamWXv . AXn\p
]pd-smcp hkvXphpw AXnsXnsc \nm\n. Cu
{]{InbmsI N{IItZmjw _m[nnpsp ]dv
\ho\hnai-Im FXnpw. Fm kzbw]-cym]vX
Xbpw kzbw]q-Xbpw {]tXyI e- W- ambn kzoIcn
pIgnm AXn\p kam[m\hpambn. Cns\sbmcp
{]{Inb kzoIcnp- Xn {]tXy-Iw Dtiy-apsp
\app aptmp t]mIptm ImWmw. a\p-jys
Bmhv kzbw ImhmsW- pw, AXn\v Hcnepw
kmy-hnj-b- amIm Ignbnspw {]Pm]Xn hyam
pp. AXv {ZjvSmhmb ]pcpj-\mWv Zriy hnj- b-a.
AXv "Fs' Fp ]d- bmhp hnj- bamb KpW-kwLm
Xa; Cu KpW--sfsbmw ]cntim[npsImv Fm
n\pw ]nn AIv kmnbmbn \np "kzbw
hnjbamb "Rm' BWv. icnbmb A-n AXv
hnjbnbmb mXmhmWv; HcnepaXv hnj-b-amIm
h. Bmhns LSI anhmdpw km[mcW \ne
bn hnj- b--fpsS Iq-n s]tmw. \ymb-hmZw
AwKo-Icnp [mcW, hnj- b-amIpsXmw Xs
A\mtImSnbn s]SpsamWv. \psS bYmm
mhnt\mSv sshPmXyapXpw AXn\nv `n- hpamb
Fm- nt\bpw \mw ths]-Spn AI- Ww. BZyw
\Inb Dcw P\npXpw hfcpXpw Ponp
Xpw acnp- Xpamb icocamWv bYm-amb Bmhv
Fmbncpp. {]Pm]XnbpsS A`n{]mb-n \mw asm
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5
cmfpsS IpIfn t\mptm ImWp AYhm sh
ntem ImSnbntem ImWp "hyn'bmWv Bm
hv. Nn{Xn XeapSnbpw \Jhpw IqSn ImWpptm
Fv kqNn-npbpapmbn. AXpsImv CXmmh
sp a\nemm\mbn {]Pm]Xn C{t\mSv ""Av
tZlw \hw Ae-- cnv \ hkv {X- [cnv
shntem ImSnbntem t\mpI Fp ]d- p.
C{ Xstmse Hcp hynsb \ hkv{X
[cnv Aecnv kpccq]n ImWpp. C{\v Hcp
kwi-bapZnpp. ""icocw Aecnncnptm sh-
ntem ImSnbntem ImWp Bmhv \mbn Ae
cnp ImWpp; ico-cn \ hkv{Xw [cnm
AXpw \ hkv{Xw [cnpImWpp. icocw \hw
ipNnbpw kpchpambncpm B Bmhpw ipNn
bmbpw kpcambpw ImWsSpp. Atm icocw Ip
s]mnb- XmsW- n AXpw Aambncnpw. icocw apS
msW-n B \ngenp Bmhpw apSmIpw, ico
cn\v h AwK-`wK- hpapsn B Bmhn\pw
AwK- `wKw ImWpw. HSp- hn icocw \in- m B
Bmhpw \inpw. CXnsemcp sahpw Rm ImWp
n.'' C{ Xs Kpcphns\ kao- ]npp. Ipsd Ign
Xn\ptijw Kpcp C{t\mSp]- tZinpp. ""kz]v\
n kpJ- kmcw sNp-XmWv Bmhv.'' bYmm
mhv Fmhn[w IpdhpIpw IjvSm\p`hpw
]m{XamIp- icoca. AsXmcp `uXnIamb Zriy- Imcy-
amWv. ssNX\y-n\p hnlcnm\p Hcp]IcWamWv
ico-cw. ssNX\y-amIs ico-cn\n-pfhmb- Xpa.
]noSp C{t\mSp kz]v\w ImWp hnjbn(Im)-
bmWv. Bmhv Fp ]dbpp. ]s C{\v hopw
kwibamIpp. ""icnbmWv, icocns Iphpw Ipdhpw
Bmhns\ _m[npn. ico- cn-SnsImptm
Bmhn\Xp Xpn. icocw apSmbmepw Bmhn\v
apSpmIpn. Fmepw B tZmj- ]nXpSp
Abmsf kz]v\n sNv _m[nmtem? B Bm
hn\v ZpxJ- ns IjvSm\p`hapmIppv. Ip\o
hogvpp; ZpxJm\p`hapmIpp. CXpsImpw Rm
sasampw ImWpn.'' kz]v \ ico- cn\nv
IqSpX kzX{-fmbXpsImv kz`mhnIambn {]mam
WnIamsWp IcpXnbmWv {]Pm]Xn ap am\knIm\p
`hp ]Icw kz]v\mhIsf FSpp ]d-Xv .
Bmhv kz]v\mhIfn IpSpmsX Xb- samp
anmsX k- cnpsImncnpw FmW-\pam\n-s-
Sp-Xv. a\pw kz]v\mhIfn ico- cn\v t\cnSp
kw`h- tfmSp _anmsX kzX{ambn Anv Ae
bpp. Cu A`n{]mbw XpSbmbn hfphcp, A\p
Ww amdn amdn hcp, am\knIm\p`h- tfbpw Bm
hnt\bpw Xpey-hnXm\n sImp \npp. CXv
C{nbm\p`h Gevp BmhmWv. Cu C{nb
Kay- \mb Pohmmhv PohnXm\p`- h-fpsS Zpckw`h
v hnt[b-\msWpw C{ icnv a\nemn.
{]XnWw amw hcpXpsImv CXv "hnjbn'bmIbn
. CXv icocn\nv `nhpw kzX{hpamsW- nepw
kz]v \m- h- Iv kzX- {amb \ne- \n- ev ]n- - tm.
bYmamb Alw AYhm BmhmIs kYm
kzX{\mbncnpIbpw thWw. Imentbpw P\\
ntbpw ]cn[nIsf B{i-bnp \np "Alw' Hcn
epw \nXyamsWp ]d-bm\mhn. {]mtZinIhpw `uXn
Ihpamb ]cnnXnIfn _np\np "Alw'
Hcp Imekr-jvSnbmWv. AXv kwkmctemInse Hcp
Dgmc\mWv. AXv X\nmbn A]qkma{Kln
IsImv A]q- amb Hcp temIs \nnpp.
AXv A\izca; AXn\v AXncnm kzmX{hpan
. \apv Fmhn[w A\p`hpw B[mchpw hml-
\hpamb Hcp hnjbn AYhm HcXnhym]Iamb k
Bhiy-ap -v. kz]v\mhbntebpw PmK- cnXmh-bn
tebpw A\p`h. tIhew AXns A]q- amb
A`nhyn am{XambncnWw. hnhn[ ZiIfpsS {]hm
l- n\v kzbw \ne\nm IgnbpIbn. sF{nbm
\p`h-tfevp Bmhv kzm[nImcn \nXy-\
. C{ {]Pm]- Xnsb kao-]nv Xs a\xnXn hnh
cnbvpp. Ipsd- mew IgnXn-\ptijw {]Pm]Xn
C{\p]- tZiw \Ipp. ""a\pjy Ddn ]q-hn{iaw
sImpIbpw kz]v\sampw ImWmXncnpIbpw sNp
AhbmWv Bmhv.'' {]Pm]Xnbvv C{s _pn
app a\nembn. Bmhns\ hn`nmhIfpsS AWn
Ifntebvndn NpcpnqSm; Ans\bmbm \nXy-
\mb HclwXzns Bhiyta CmXmIpw. Bm
hns\ X-fpsS BIkv anIamb A\p`h-aen\v
A[o\amtnbpw hcpw. A\p`htKmNc- fmb _mly
hnj- bv A\p`hhnj-b- fmbno-cm \nXy- \mb
Hcp hnjbn (Bm) thW- sav C{s\ ]Tnnbv t
Xpv. Benns ApX{]- ]- - snbp IY
Isfmgnv as- mbnSpw CfnpImn ipWvTnsb-Spn
bv m Hcp ]qthWw. Fm Hcp ]qsb-tmgpw
CfnpImnsmt-Wsapan. AXpt]mse hnj- bn
s-tmgpw hnj-bnsb B{i-bn-t\nev m Ign-bq.
Fm hnj- bnbvmIs AtX hn[n hnjbns
B{ibw Bhiy-an. {]Pm]Xn Cmcyw C{s\ [cn
nbvm\ptinp. Bmhns\qSmsX m\an. Ie
bn, [mNcWhpan. Bmhnt\mSp _s- Sm
hnj- b- AkXv BIpp. hnj-bnbpsS k Fm
hnj- b--fptSbpw kbv v B[mcamIpp. Fm
kzbw hnj- bnbmIs B tb-hnj- b--fpsS Iq-
nsp \nevIpXpan. {]Pm]Xn Fm A\p`h
-fptSbpw mXmhv BmhpXsbmsWv C{s\
a\nemm {ianbvpp. AXn\v C{s\ Al-\m
m thn Aaq-]Xn AXn\v AXns kz
amb Nne tZmj- - fpsnepw {]tbmKnbvpp. \psS
PohnXw kZm ]Zm-fpambn CSs]v XnSpn
gnbpIbmWv. \mw IqSpX kwkmcnIfmbntmbn. \psS
Bmhp hnImcfnepw B{K-l-fnepw k]--
fnepw Xsm\dnbm ]mSnmhn[w apgpInbncn
bv pp. tIhew hkv Xp\njvTamb PohnXw\-bnpw
{]mIrXhkv Xpfn AXyw apgpInbpw temIhy-h
lmc- fnepw euInI{]-hrnIfnepw \nccw CSs]pw
Ccnbv pI ImcW- ambn Fmnepwshv apJy-XXzamb
Bmhns\pdnv hnNmcnpI Hcp \nanjw t]mepw
hn\ntbmKnms\mcppn. m\w kzbw knam
I K
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6
bXmbn \mw IcpXpp. AXns\pdnv IqSpX hnNmcw
sNpXpw AXns KpVmw a\nemm {ian
pXpw a\n\v A[zm\ap Imcy-amWv. {]Pm]Xn
Bmhns Bhiy-IXsb IqSpX kv ]jvSamm
thn, Bmhv, \nccw \ne\nppshp Pm{K-
Zhbnepw kz]v\mhbnepw, A\p`hw Ipdp t\c
tsmw XSv \njv{Inb-ambn \nm t]mepw,
Bmhv hnSmsX \ne\nppshp \njvIjnp
{]kvXmhnbvpp. kz]v\w ImWm KmV- \n{Zbn
A\p- `q-Xnhn-j- b- -sfmpw \psS apn-ensnepw
AXp sImp Bmhpansp ]d-bm Ignbn. \n{Zn
Xmhbn Bmhns ksb C{ kzmIcnp
sImpsav {]Pm]Xn [cnncnpIbmWv . ImcWw \n{Zm
h-bn ]pdwtemIhpambn _hntZapsnepw
tNX\ \nccw XpSp\npp F hkvXpXsb
ap hn[n hymJym\nm IgnbpIbn. tZhZ
\smcpdw Ignv DWsgpt- mepw tZhZ-\m
bns XpScpp. Fsm Abm Dd-m XpS
ptmgpmbncp C{nbm\p`h-fpsS {Iaw Ddn
Fgpt-Xn\p tij-ap A\p`h{IatmSv tbmPnp
\nevppv. AbmfpsS ]qm\p`h ham\
hnNm-c- - fp- ambn Htc N- e- - n-bn IrXy- ambn
tNcpp; amcptSsb-nepw hnNmctfmSp tNcpn.
A\p`h- fpsS Cu ss\ccyw t_m[mhbpsS ka
kvXLSI-fptSbpw ]men \nXy- nc\mb
Hcmmhpsp AwKo-Icnm \s \n-np
p. hnNmcw sNm asmcp hnj- bhpanmXncnsbpw
\n{Zmhbn \ne-\np- tXtXm AXmWmmhv.
ImSnbn Hpw ImWpnspshv ImSn \inp
shp hcpn. {]Pm]Xn ChnsS hnj-bns t]cn
hnj- bnp ]cam[n]- Xys sXfnbnbvm {ianbvp
p. Fm hnj- b- fpw hnep]v XambntmIp Ah
bnepw hnjbnbmb Bmhv AYhm {]amXmhmb Bm
kzXx{]- Im- i-\mbn hn- bv pp F bm- h-
evIys A`n{]mb-nse bmYmyamWnXv. ""kqcy-\
kvXanptm An AWpt]mIptm, Bmhp
am{Xw XtXmb {]Imi- n {]Iminpp.'' imco- cn
Im\p`h- sfmpanm, Aaqamb kz]v\mZn A\p
`hfpw IqSnbnm, hnj- b-iq\yhpw IqSnbmb Cu
Bmhv tIhesamcp \njv^-eamb anYymkev ]- am
sWv C{ IcpXpp. Xm GXns\ Adnbpp;
GXns\ A\p`hnpp; GXns\ B[mcamn {Inb
sNpp; AsXmp-a Bm-shn Ahbn\n
smw _w hnXmsW- n, D- SsampanmsX
ipiq\y-amsW- n ]ns tijns-pv? ""Hpan''
C{ ]dp: ""Fmn \npw apamIpI Fm
ew Hpanm- XmhpI Fp Xs'' KuXa_p
Hcp hrs DZml-cW-amsb- Spv tNmZnbvpIbmWv :
""AXns CeIsfmw ]dnp Ifbpp; sImpIsfmw
apdnpp; tXmep apgph Dcnpp; Ans\ Fmw
\innpp. Fm ]ns hr- ambn tijnbvp-
sXmIpsamWqlntXv? _mlyPohnXs \ntj-
[nbvpXns Aw Dnep Cuizcs \miam
Wv. hnipamb B- \njvTXbn, Fm\pt- Stmfw
Db \nebn, ]caeyn \mw Fppsp
[mcWbp-h C{tbpw {]Pm]- XnbptSbpw kwhmZ
n {intXmWv . C{s A`n{]mbn icoc
L- S\bpsS acymZIfn\npw, ImetZi-]cn[nbn \npw,
hnj- b--fpsS k-bn\npw kzX{amb Hch
tIhew k\miamWv. Zmi- \nIamb hnNmchpw a\x
imkv {X-]- camb hnt-j- Whpw Cu ]cn-Wm-a-nte-
bvmWv \s \bnpI. Fm {]Pm]Xn C{nbm\p
`h-fpsS am- sImp _m[tb-evm Bm
hns AkvXnXzs Dunbpd-nm {ianp-p.
Bmhv tNX\mhIfn \np XnIpw ]pdmbn
cpn Fncpmepw tNX\mkzcq]-\pa Fp \nt
inbv m {]Pm]Xn shppv. C{ {]Pm]-XnbpsS
apn Xs _pn- apv Cs\ hnh- cn- bv pp:
""kz]v\w ImWm KmV\n{Zbn hnj-bnbv v hmkv X
hn Xs ksbnbpw Adnhn; av AhnsS
bp hnj- b--sfnbpw m\an. AXp Hcp Xc
n k-Ym iq\y- cq]- ambntmsbp ]d- bmw. AXp
sImv CXnepw KpW-sampw ImWpn.'' Cu A`n
\nccw XpSp \nevp- Xmbpw Fm ]cnh\Z
i-Ifnepw am-anmsX \nev p- Xmbpw {]Pm]Xn Nqn
mpp. Cu AJnehnizhpw ]cam-hnNmcs km
mcnbvm\p Hcp {]{InbbmWv. ""Atbm aL
h Cu icocw acW- [nbmWv. Fmw \izcamWv.
CXv ico-c`n-amb Aac\mb Bmhns \nhmk
m\w am{XamWv. Ins IrjvW-aWnIfn ImWp
]pcpj- \mWXv; Fm IpIfmIs ImWm\p D]-
IcWw am{XamWv. Rm CXns\ aWs Fp hnNm
cnbvph\mWv Bmhv. aqv Kw apXembh A\p
`hnbvm\p D]-IcWw am{XamWv.'' Bmhns\
Aaqamb Hc\u-]NmcnI-X-Xzam-bn A\hcXw
{Inbmio-eamb Hcp hym]I ssNX\y- ambnmWv {]Zin
nnp-Xv. ""izknbv p kabv CXn\v {]mWs\
pw, kwkmcnbvptm hmIv Fpw, ImWptm
Ispw, tIptm sNhnsbpw, hnNmcw sNp
tm a\spw CXn\p t] \ev Ipp. Cu kw-
Isfmw CXns hnhn-[ -{]-hr-nIp-Xm-Wv.''
Cns\ hymJym- \n- - s Bm- hp- X- s- bmWv
nc\pw \nXy\pamb hnj- bn. AXv PmKrXbnepw kz]v\
nepw acW-nepw \n{Zmhbnepw _\w, apn
Cu AhIfnepw XpSpdp \nevpp. AsXm
m- epw AJn- e- hn- iz- tbpw t\mn- sm- n- cn-
bv pp. AXvhym]- Iamb hnj- bnbmWv; AtX kabw
hym]- Iamb hnj- b-hpamWv. AXv ImWppv. ImWp
nXm\pw. D]-\njv Cs\ ]d- bpp: ""Ah ImWm
Xncnbvptm Ah ImWpnsnepw ImWppv.
{ZjvSmhv Ahn\minbmb- XpsImv Zi- \i- nbvsmcn
bv epw tem]w hcpn. Fm {ZjvSmhns\ Hgnv
Zinbvm cmaXmsbmcp hkvXphn.'' BmhpX
sbmWp apgph hnizhpw; ""Rm XsbmWv CsX
mw.''
Cu hnizkzcq]nbpw hy]- I\pamb Bmhv AXns
khnti- j-kz`mhw ImcW- ambn ZrjvSnhnj-b-amIpn.
I K
N P
7
{io. ic ]d- bpp: ""kmn`qX\mb Bmhv tNX
\sb {]Iminnpp. Fm Hcnepw Xm kzbw
tNX-\mhnj-b- amIp-n.'' AXv Hc\p`hkma-{Kn-b-,
Fm{]tabhnjbfpw AXn\pthnbmsWnepw
AXp kzbw {]tab-hnj-b-a. ka-kvXhnNm-cfpw
AXn\p thnbmsW- nepw AXv Hcp hnNmca. AXv
Fm ImgvNIfptSbpw ASnm\XXz -amsW-nepw AXv
kzbw ImgvNbv p hnj-b-a. D]- \nj-pI tZlhpw
Bmhpw Xn XmZmyapsp k-XnpIbn.
AXp t]mse a\ns hnhn[mhI, _mly- {]- Xy-
- kw`h-fpsS Ahnn{I-aw, AYhm ssNX\y-
ns \ncc {]hmlw CXnt\msSmpw Bmhns
XmZmyw m]nbv Iphm D]- \nj-pI IqmpI
bn. _smcm-[mcw Bhiy- ambnp-hbvv
Bmhv Hcp _ambncnpIbn. hnhn[ LSI-
fpsS ]ckv ]- ckw_- ns cq]hpw Bmhn\n.
Fsm AXn\p ]ckv ]c _w m]nbv m
Hcp {]Xn\n[n Bhiy- amWv . hy]Iamb Hcp tNX\bpsS
ksb AwKoIcnm \mw \n- nXcmbno-cpp.
AXp tNX\bpsS LSI- fpambn \ncckml-Ncyap
Xpw LSI-fpsS A`mhnepw apSw IqSmsX
\nm Ignhp-XpamI-Ww. Bmhns\bpw A\m
mhns\bpw aqecq]n kzoIcnp Cu auenI
amb XmZmyw XsbmWv Bmshp ]d- b-s- Sp-
Xv. AXns ksb kw_-nv Bpw ktl- ap
mIm h.
amqtIym]-\nj-n tNX\bpsS Hcp hnt- j-W-
apv . Bmhn\p aqhIfpv; Cu aqpw \mema
sXm- c- h- - bn tN- cpp. Ah PmKrXn kz]v \w
kpjp]v Xn ChbmWv. \mematXmbn Xpcobmhbpw.
BZys Ah DWncnbvp kab-p-Xm
Wv. Atm Bmhn\v _mly-hnj- b- \nd
kmam- \y- {]- ]- - s- n m- \- apmbncn- bv pw.
Atm Bmhv qe]Zm-sf A\p`- hnmkz-
Znbvpp. Cu kabp apJy-ambpw ico- cs B{i-
bnmWv IgnbpXv. cmatXv kz]v\mhbmWv.
AhnsS Bmhv kqva hkvXp-fpsS B\w A\p
`- hn-bv p- p. AhnsS Pm{K- Z- h- - bnse kma- {K- ln-
IsImv ]pXnb BIrXnI cq]- s-Spn Hcp ]pXnb
temIw Xs BhnjvIcnpp. Bmhv ico-c_-
s hIshbv msX kzX{ambn Aep\Sp
sap ]d- b-s- Spp. aqmas Ah KmV- \n{Zbp
tSXmWv. AhnsS \apv kz]\v-fpan; bmsXmcnbp
apmIpn. kpjp]vXnsbmWnXns t]. B Ah
bn Bmhv Ipdpt\ctbvp {_hpambn
XmZmyw {]m]nv B\a\p`hnbv psap ]d- bpp.
KmV-\n{Zbn \mw Fm CIfn\npw ap- cmIpp;
A\p`- hnphcp IjvSmSpIfn\npIqSn apn Inp
p. hntcm[-sfmw Xs \nnj-b-m\cq]amb
Bmhns Cu Ahbn hnebw {]m]nbvpp.
ic ]d- bpXv am\khrnI hgn DmIp ssZzX
`mhw BZys chIfnepw \ne\nevpw; Fm
Cu XrXobmhbn AXpmhn FmWv. kz]v\c
lnXamb KmV- \n{Zbn \apv ]cam\ckw A\p`-hn
m Ignbpsap ]e]e kq-fnepw \ntinp
p. ImcWw B Ahbn {isb hn`PnmIjn
bv p _mly- PK- p- ambn Bm- hn-\p _w
ths]-ncnpw. amwki-co- cns D]- tcm[apsnepw
ssZhnIamWv a\pjymmhns auenIkzcq]w. ""Cu
\memas Ah hnj-bnbpsS m\ap- X; hnj-
b-m\ap-X. cntbpw m\apXp(D-`b- {]-
w a. hnip{]mkz-cq]tam AJnem\i-
nbpsS ]pRv Ptam A. \n_nUmImcsap ]d-
bmhp- Xpa. CXv AZrjvShpw kmXnimbnbpw A{Km
lyhpw A\pam\mXo-Xhpw ANnyhpw Ahy-tJy-bhpw
B- {]-Xybns kmcXXzhpw kwkmcns ]q-
XbpamWv. \nXy- imhpw kZm B\abhpw AssZz
Xhpamb CXpXsbmWv Bmhv'' Hmmcw CXns {]Xo
IamWv. Hmmcns `mKfmb A.D.a. Pm{K kz]v\w
kpjp]vXn Fo aq- hIv D]-e-W- ambncn
bv pp. Cu Bmhv sFImnI\; Fmn\pw
s]mXphn B[mcamWv; Fmntbpw k CXns\
B{i-bnncnbvpp. KmV- \n{Zbn \mw Fm `mhfpw
\inv, AJne{]]hpw hnep]vXamb ncamb Htc
IXzn Fp- Xmbn ]d- bmhp- XmWv. Bmhm
Is Cu hniznse kIe ]Zm-- fptSbpw m\w
kmZnv Xs Dn kpcnXamnshpp. Bm
hn\p ]pdsa bmsXmpw CXm\pw. AXv Hcnbv epw
]cnh\anm Fm ]cnh\- fneqtSbpw \nc
cw Htc an XpSpsImncnbv p \nXy-k
bmWv. NnhrnI hcpp, t]mIpp, amdnad- bpp.
Fm Bmhv am-anmsX GIckambn \nesImp
p. Bmhv Adnbp hnjbv BZnbpw A-
hpapv; Fm Bmhv A\mZnbpw A\hpamWv.
""tNX- \bv v hn cmaw A\p - `- h- s- n - n ; t\cn v
kmmmchpapmbnn. C\n Ftmsg- nepapm
bnpsneXp AtX tNX\bpsS A\hcXw XpSp
\nevp- aqo- IcW- sat]mse Fmn\pw kmn
bmbn Fmw A-\p`hnp-Xmbn Fmntbpw ]nn
\nevp-XmbnmWv.'' AXv apgphkbptSbpw Akv Xn
hmcamWv. tb--fmb hnj- b-v mXmhmb
hnj- bntbmSp B{inXXzns kz`mhw F{XXs
Bhnp ]d-npw XnIpw kv]jvSambnnsnepw
\apdnhmIp s#mn\pw GIkmnbpw klmbnbm
Im km[yXbp GIhkvXphpamWv AXv. Bmhns
aq-hIfmb PmKr kz]v\w kjp]vXn Chbpw CXn
ssbmw m\w t\Sp \memas Ahbpw
tNm Bmhns AhI {Ian hniz,
ssXPk, {]m, Xpco- b FnhbmWv.
kz]v\w Pm{KXv kpjp]vXn Cu aq- hItfbpw
hn t- jWw sNbv Xv hn Nmcw sNbv Xm Ah
""Akp''Ifsnepw Ab- Ym--fmsW \n-
b- n - se- p w. ""BZy- n ep w Ah- km- \- n ep w
CmpXp a[y-nepan Fpd- mWv.''CXns ASn
m\n hnNmcw sNbvXm PmK- cnXm\w Ab-
Ym-amWv. kz]v\mhI \psS ahItfmSv
CW-m-XpsIm v Ab-YmamsWp ]d- bm-sa
n PmKcnXmhbnse A\p`h kz]v\-tfmSp
I K
N P
8
tbmPnpnspw ]d- pIqtS? PmK-cnXmh- bnse
A\p`hsftmses kz]v\mhbnse A\p`-
hfpw AhbpsS aWvUen s]mcp- s-p \np
pv . {]]- -hkv Xp Bmhns khnti- j- `mh
-fnemWv bYmambn tXmp- Xv. PmK- cnXmh
bnse A\p`hfpsS am\ZWvUw kz]v\temIp]
tbmKnpXpw As\ kz]v\temIs \nnbvp
Xpw icnb. kz]v\mhbntebpw Pm{K- Xmhbn
tebpw A\p`h hyXykvX \neIfnemsW- nepw
AbYm- amWv . kz]v\clnXamb KmV\n{Znbn \apv
_mlyamtbm B`ycamtbm hyamb bmsXmcp t_m[
hpanm HchbmWp- Xv . AXv AmImcns
adbvpn t`Zm\clnXamb Hcp ]pRv PamWv.
Bmhv `mhm- Iamb ]cam\amWv . AXv PmKrXntbm
kz]v\tam kpjp]vXntbm A. Cu aq-hIpw
kmn- bmbn km- Xn- im- bn- bmbn hn- bv p
XpcobmhbmWv.
Bmhns\-nbpff {]iv\w D]-\nj- nIfn N
sNs hnj-b- - fn apJy- amWv. AXp A[ymhnZy
F t]cn `K-hKo-Xbnepw thZmkq-{X-fnepw
hopw hcpp. B-kzcq]-ns hnt- jWw D]-\n
j- pI-fpsS kzmWv. AXv ]mc-cym-hImi- ambn
XpSph hnNmcimkv {Xv Inn. CXpaqew ]e
anYym- k- - ev ]- - fp- ap- m- bn. B- kz- cq- ]- s- n
_p\pw ic\pw I]ne\pw ]XRv Penbpw hncpkn
m- D-bnnpv.
{_w
AssZzX]camb Bibw EtKzZImev Dmbn. kZm
{Inbmio- ehpw Fm imizXhn{iaw sImpXpamb
\nXymm-hns\ XkwK-Xambn hymJym\nm\p
D-chmZnXzw D]-\nj- pI GsSpp. asmcnSv
Xmgv-Xen InSncp A]qmi-b- Db
\ne- bn- sen IqSp- X ka- - fm- bn. ssXn-
cotbm]\nj-n D-t]mse, ]tcmKXn {]m]nXpw
\mw Ip. aqmw hnbn ]p{X ]nXmhns\ kao-
]nv Fm hkvXpfpw P\nv hnIknpsXhnsS
\ntm, Ahkm\samw aSp- sXhntSbvtm B ]c
am- k- - bpsS kz`mhw D]- tZ- in- p- X- c- W- sap
{]mnbvpp. A aI\v {_ns kmam\y-e
-W- ]d- psImSpp. {]kvXpX e- W-
Xr]v XnIcambn H hkvXpsh Xncp ]nSnbv m\pw
]d- p. ""GsXmn \nv Cu hkvXp P\nbvp
pthm, P\nv GsXmp sImp Pohnppthm, arXyp
Zi-bn GsXmntebvp {]thinppthm AXmWv
{_w.'' {]]- nse ]Z- - sfmw Fpw BIrXn
amdnsmncnpp. AXpsImp ]cam-cq]- n
Ah kXy-amsWp KWnbvm h. Ftmgpw amdn
smncnbv p \macq]mIamb Cu hnizns
]men Hcnepw amdmsX ncambncnbvp
Hcp k- bptm? D]- \nj-ns ]cn`mj-bn PKv
\macq]m- IamsWp ]d-ncnbvpp. ]p{X {]Ir
Xnsb-s ]cakbmbn KWnbvpp; _mly-{]-
]-- ns Ghpw {][m\hi-amWtm {]IrXn. temIm
bXnImcpsS `uXnIhmZnIfpsS A`n{]mb-anXmWv . {]Ir
Xnsb ]cakbmbn AwKo- Icnm PohnXkw`h-
fpsS apgph\pw hni-ZoIcWamIbn Fp ]p{X Ffp
- n a\nemn. h\kv]-Xnhns hnImk
n\v thsdmcp hymJym\w BhiyamIpw. aI {]mWs\
AYhm Pohs\ ]camkbmbn FSppImpp.
{]IrXnsbq- SmsX Poh\v (Pohi- nbvv) \ne\nm
\hnsnepw {]IrXnbn Pohcl- ky- ns kmny
an. PU]- Zm- sf Dsmm\pw Ahsb cq]-am
-n\p Al- amm\pap hntj- i- {]- `mhw Pohi-n
bv p - v . CtX in - bmWv a\p- jy- i- co- c- n
ktkym]- - sf chpw Anbpw t]inIfpambn
amm klmbnbvp auen-IXXzw. AJne hniz
nepw hym]nXpw a\pjys\ CXckr-jvSnIfpambn
_nnpXpw Cu XXzwXsbmWv. {]mW ico-
ckmc- amsW- nepw {]IrXnbn\npw hyXykvXcoXnbn
emWv PohnX-ns hyh- sbv ]p{X\pd- pv .
Fm {]iv \]-cnlmc-ambn {]mWs\ ]c-akbmbn
AwKo-Icnmepw Abmp Xr]vXnbmIpn. Fs
m {]mWntemIn \ap\p`hamIp tNX-\m
{]- Xn`mksf Poh\XXzw sImv hymJym\nm
km[y-a. a\v AYhm {]Xy- -amb m\mItN
X\ Pohi- nbn \npw {]IrXnbn \npw XnIpw
hneW- amb Hcp hkvXphmWv. AXv {]mW{]-{InbbpsS
intcmaIp-SamsWp tXmpp. AXpsImp ]p{X
a\mWv {_sap hnizknbvpp. F- meXpw ]cym
]vXamIpntm. tIhew {]Xy m\w sImv
hymJym\nbvm Ignbm _unIkw`hsf{Xtbm
ImWmw. hnm\amWv {_w. _un- IXen
ssZzX`mhntbpw _mlyXbptSbpw XXz- fps
hkvXpX {]ZinnpIbmWv D]-\nj- pIfpsS eyw.
m\nepw [mnIPo- hnXnepw hnj- bhnj- bn_-
apv. ksb m\ns ]cn`mj- bn \nb-
{np \nmnSv tIhe _pnbn\npb
DIrjvSamb Ftm HpmbncnbnWw. k-bn
ep sFIy-ns Bhiyw \mw _unIXen
\npb-cW- sa-mWv. hnNmcw \mw a\n-emmdp-
t]mse Zqsc \nevpXpw hnNmc{]-{Inbbn \np `n-
hpamb hnj- b- - tfmSmWv _sp {]hnvp-Xv.
AXv Xn\np ]pd- v, Xn\np `nhpw hncp
kz`mhapXpamb GtXm Hntebvv tXSnsbpp.
bYmk hnNmcn\np `n- amWv; Adnbp
h\pw Adn- bp hnj- bhpw Adnhpw (m- Xmhpw
m\hpw t- b-hpw) Hmbno-cpp. Zmi- \nIhn
Nmcns At\zjWw ChnsSsbn Ahkm\nbvp
-p. CXpsImp B\- n\pao- sXbmbn Hp- an
FmWv \nnjvSamIp- Xv. AXpXs- bmWv ]cak- .
Cu B\w \nccw {Inbmio-ehpw kpJmIhpamb
Hc\p`hamWv ; AYhm Ignhns \nm[amb {]tbmK-
amWv. iq\y- n hnfbne, {]mWn ]qX {]m]n
emWnXv . ""hnthIZrjvSntbmsS t\mp m\nI
AhcpsS AXypIrjvSamb m\wsImv B\cq
]-\mbpw \nXykzcq]-\mbpw {]Iminbvp Bmhns\
kmmcnpp. kXyw ]dm AXypIrjvS
I K
N P
9
amb bYm-ksb hniZoIcnm \mw Ak- a-
cmWv, AXv Aaqtam aqtam F tNmZyw t]mepw
bpnkla. \mw GsXnepw hn[neXns\ hnh
cnbv-Wsav _unIamb Bhiy t{]cnnp
p. AXns\ tIhew Aaqambn KWnbvpXnt\
m aqambn KWnp-XmWv IqSpX bYm- am
hpI. Db XXz- sfmw AXmXn \np Xmgv XXz
-sfm aqhpw kathXhpamWv. AXpsImp
{_wXs- bmb B\w as-mnt\mfpw k{Km
lnbmWv . Fm hkvXpfpw AXn\npdp hcpp.
AXn\ms Fm hkvXpfpw nXnsNpp.
HSphn Fmw AXntepXs hnebw {]m]nbvp
p. J\nP, h\kv]-XnPK- v, {]mWnPmew, a\p
jykaqlw C-s\bp hnhn[`mK-v B ]ctam
-Xkbpambp _w tIhew Aaqtam bm{n
Itam A. Ahsbmw Ahbvm[mc`qXamcnp
hym]-Iamb Hn\pn GIo`qXambn \npp. Cu
{_mnepff Fm `mKfpw k hym]Iamb
Cu BXv amhns AwifmWv . Ah AXmXns
hcpXnpff Imcy \nlnm\mbn khntij
cq]w ssIsmp \ne\npp. Cu hn`mK- sm
n\pw kzX{amb AkvXnXzan. B Hns B{in
X- `m- K- - fm- sW- mw. thcp- I tatempw imJ- I
Iogv t]mpw ]Sp]nSn k\mX\amb Biz-hr-
apv. AXp XsbmWv Dzeamb {_w. AXp Xs
Aar- Xw. AJn- e- hn- izhpw AXn HXp- p- p. Hcp
hkvXphpw AXns ]pdp t]mIpn.''
\mw ]caksb B\amsWp hymJym\np.
CXpsImv ]cak AhymtJybamsWp km[mcW
]d-phcmdp A`n{]mbs JnbvpIbmWpm
b- Xv. - kmwK- ]q-amb ksb Adnbm\p cN\m
Iamb Fm {]bXv\hpw km[mcW- bmbn sNs-pI
aqamb Hcp ]q-XbnemWv. aqamb B\amWv
{]mamWnIk AXhm hnNmcinbn A`nhy-
amIp bYmyw. CXns\bmWv cmam\pP ktmIr
jvSamb {_ambn kzoIcnnp-Xv. kakvXKpW- -
fn\npw kzX{amb hnip {_amWv \ncp]m[nI
k AYhm ic kzoIcnnp \npW {_w.
BZy-tXv (cmam\pPtXv) kphy-hnXamb ]q-
kbmWv ; cmatXv (i-ctXv) AhymtJy- b- amb
bYmyamWv. ics aXn\pk- cnv cmat
XpXsbpw HmatXmbn kzbw hnfpp. AZr
jvSnsImv mXamb k-bmIs ]q-m\am
sWp tXmpp.
Xknamb AXypX k- sbbmtWm AYhm
]caksb BtWmB\ambn KWntXv F
ktl- n \nmWv Fm hmZ{]-XnhmZhpw Dhn
sXv {]Xy--amWv. icmNmcy kanp hn[w
Ai\w sImv {]m]ntXmb kc- famb \ncp
]m[nI{_-tbpw cmam\pPs aqamb ]q- {_-
tbpw kv]jvS-amn thXncnp ImWnbvp
sXfn AXnntcJIsfmpw D]-\nj- pI hcp
shnn. C\n \maXns\ thXncnbvp- ]w aq
ambn \ne\nevp Cu {]]-- n Fns\sbnepw
hnebncpmt\m hninjvSX kzoIcnmt\m \apv Ign
bmsX hcpw. Cuizc\pw {_hpw {]mtbmKnIambn Hp
Xs FmWv D]-\nj- pI kqNnnp- Xv . Ghpw
kqvaXtbmsS Zmi- \nIZrjvSym IrXyambn hnthN\w
sNbvXv \mw B-t_m[tmsS ""Rm\mIpp Rm''
Fp ]d-bptm ]cakbn \np AXyw Npcp
nb, Iev]nbvm am{Xw Ignbp, eLp -Xzapsp
]d- tb-nhcpp. Cu Aiq\yw aXnbmbn ic\v
Fmn\pw B[mc`qXhpw kXyhpamb hnipk- sb
tZi- Ime-fmepw ImcW- mepw B_-amb {]]- -
ns D]-nbv v IcWamnom . hnip
{_- - s- n hnNmcw sNm XpS- p- - tXmsS
iq\ys t`ZIXXzhpw AXpt]mse km[mchpam
ppsv D]-\njpI ]tcm- ambn kzoIcnbvp
p. kwL-SnXamb ]q-kbmbn ]noSp hnIkn
bv p m\kz-cq]\mb Cuizc kns A[n
Imwihpw Ak- ns \yq\mwi-hpamWv . _mlyXbpambn
AXn\p _hpw Ipd-hmWv. ]cam-k {]]k-
bpsS cq]- n {]ISamIpp. CXpsImpXs
bmWv {]]- nep hnhn-[hkvXpfpw Dsm
p bYm k-bpsS tXmXpIsf, ]cak-
bn\nv Ahbntebv p hkvXpfnsemw tZiw
Imew ImcWw Fo kmam\y LSI- sftmses
{_ns A`nhy- nbpw {]Xy- amIppv.cmam\p
Ps aq{_- hpw ics Cuizc\pw B hnip
{_-tmSv G- hpaSpp \nevphbmWv. CXnepa
[nIw -A-Spap Hns\ Dulnbvm IqSn km[y-a
. ktmIrjvSamb {_tam AYhm B\tam
hnm\nttbm B- ssNX\ynttbm \nebn
tkzbm kzoIcn ]cn[nItfmSpIqSn hyncq]\mb
Cuizc\mbnocpp. Cuizc Asn Bmhv GI
Xzns AkvXnhmcamWv; {]IrXn AYhm A\mmhv
_lpXz- XXzamWv.
{_hpw Bmhpw
hnjbw hnj-bn, _vw Bm, km`u-aXXzw
B-XXzw Cu bpI kam\- fmWv , A`n--
fmWv . {_amWv Bmhv. ""a\pjy\nep Cu {_hpw
kqcy\nep Cu {_hpw cpw HpXsbmWv. EtKz
Zn {]Xn]mZn Cuizcs kmXnimbnXz`mh\
ChnsS kmcymanbpsS `mhambn ]cnW- anncnbvp
p. A\w km- n\p ]pd- ; km- n- p-
nsbmWv. D]-\nj-pIfpsS m\]mTw hnj-
bn\njvTamb-XmWv Cu am- n\pchmZn. {_hpw
Bmhpw Xnep XmZmy- n {i sNeppI!
Fm AXns alXzw D]-\nj- pIpdv Ah
bpmb Imen\pw tZin\papd- v. Fnbnp-
XmbnmWmw. C\nbpw Fsmw ssZhnIm\fpw
Ip- ]n- Sp- - - fp- amWv hn{i- a- an- msX Kth- jWw
sNp Pnm- kp- - fpsS apn {]Xy- - am- Im-
\ncnbv p- sXp ]d-bm Ignbn. `mhnbnse XXzhn
Nmcw \ho\hpw Akm[mcWhpamb GsXmw am--
fhXcnnmepw icn, Cu Zmi- \nIXXzw ncambn
I K
N P
10
\nevpw. CXn \nv HcpXc-nep hyXnbm\fpw
Dm- hpI kw`m- hy- a.'' hnjb- hn- j- bn-I- fpsS Cu
XmZmyw tIhew Hckv]jvSkev]w am{Xa, bpn
bp-amb hnNmcw, A\p`- hw, Cmin ChbpsS ^en
Xm-amWnXv. {]IrXn hnNmctbmKyhpw tXmen]nbv
s-SmhpXpw kvt\lnbvm sImmhp-Xpambncpn
sn a\pjymmhn\v AXns\pdnv hnNmcnmt\m
AXns\ Iogvs]- Spmt\m kv t\lnbv mt\m Ignbpam
bncpn. {]IrXn Hcp hnjbnbpsS hnj- bamWv. XnIpw
_pnK-ayhpw bpnkwKXhpw his- Spm Ignhp
Xpw kvt\lnbvm Al-hpamWv. a\pjy\pthn
bmWv CXv \ne\nevpXv. \- {Xkaqlw AXns
I sImfp- n- sh Zo]- - fmWv ; A- Imcw
AXns\ Dd- m\p Xmcmp]mpw. {]IrXn PohnXns
Bo-b-bmYmy-ntebvv \s hnfnbv pp;
Bmhns Bhiy- IXIsf \ndthpIbpw sNpp.
{]Ir-Xnsb \nn-bv p-Xpw in-s-SppXpw
sImp\SpXpw Fmw BmhpXsbmWv. a\p
jy hnNmcnm XpSnb Imew sXmv hnjb hnj-
bnIfpsS Cu GIXzw, Fmnepw hym]nXpw Fmn
t\bpw X n DsmpXpamb Hcp tI{k
bpsS AkvXnXzw; `-P\- fpsS knmambn hn
bv pp. aX]camb cl- ky-hmZhpw AKm[amb [
\njvTbpw "AXp \o BIpp' "XXzakn' FX valm
hmIyns bmYmyn\p kmnbmWv. \apXp
a\-n-em-bnsp hcmw. Fm AXns\-nbp
AX \apXns\ \ntj- [nbvm th{X ImcW-
amIpn.
{ _s kw_- n - p hn hn [[mc- W- I
Bkw_- nIfmb hnhn[mi-- tfmSpw tbmPnbvpp
v. adnpapv . PmKrXn kz]v\w kpjp]v Xn Bmhns
kam[yh Chsb ]nmes thZm- {K-- fn
thXncnp kv ]jvSamn ]d- npv. Ah {_s
kw_-n hnhn[[mcW- Isf A\pIqenbvppapv.
]c{_w B\w XsbmWv. AXp \memas AXm
bXv Xpco- bmhbn A`nhyamIp B kzcq]w
XsbmWv. AhnsS hnj-bhpw hnj- bnbpw HmIpp.
{ZjvSmhpw ZrjvSnbpw - Zriyhpw (ImWp- h\pw ImWp-
Ipw ImW-sSp-hkvXphpw) Hcp kq-{_- n
ktfnv GImImcamIpp. Bmhv a\pjys am\
knIhpw {]mWin`qXhpamb B- `mhtmSv XmZm
yw m]n- bv p - tm { _w Cuiz- c- tbp w
a\pjymmhntbpw CSbvp lncWyK` AYhm
hnizmmhmbn Iotgmp hcpp. EtKzZns kzm[o- \
in ImWmw. hnizn\v Hcp tNX\bpw Hcnmi-nbpw
Dsv IcpXs- Spp. a\v Ftmgpw ico-ctmSp
IqsSbncnbvpp. a\ns hnkvXrX]-cn]mSnI ico-
cns hnkvXrX. hyhItfmsSmpt]mIpw. \mw
Pohnbv p Cu hnizn\v kzambn Hcp a\pv;
Cu a\v lncWyK`\mWv. Cu hnizmmhns\w_
npff Bibw D]\njpIfn ]e \mafnepw
cq]fnepw ImWmw CXns\ Imcy{_sap ]dbpp.
ImcW{_amb Cuizc\n \nv `namWv Cu
Imcy{_w; krjvSnbvsSp Fm hkvXpfptSbpw
kapbamWv . AJne ImcyfptSbpw tNX\mIamb
kapbw {_w AYhm lncWy K`\mWv. CXp
kmm {_n \nv kYm `n-a. {_w
hnipamWv, hynbmWv. AXoh kzmcq]- amWv.
GIhpw AZznXobhpamWv . Hcp L-neXp {kjvSmhmbn
AXmbXp Cuizc\mbn ImW- s-Spp; asm kabpw
AXns\ krjvSnbmbn AXmbXp lncWy-K`s cq]-
n ImWpp. Cu {_mhpIqSn {_n\nm
WphnbvpXv. ""AXpXsbmWv {_mhns D
hm\w.'' kakvXhnj- b{]-]- - tbpw Xmn \nevp
Xv hnj- bnbmWv. B hnj-bn, hyn cq]nIfmb hnj-
bnIsfmw hnebw {]m]np Ignmepw {]]- -cN\
bpsS kev]-tmSpIqSnbncnbvpp. \mw Bmhpw
\psS ico-chpw Hm-sWp kev]nbv ptm
{_w hnizcq]n AXmbXv hncmmbno-cpp. hncmv
kakvXhpamWv. kq-k- ev ]-ns kmc`qXamWv .
An Atlns incmWv; kqcyN{m IpI
fmWv ; \mep ZnpIfpw Atl-ns sNhnIfmWv . At
l- n -\np Xs D`-hn {]kn- fmb thZ
hmmWv. hmbp {]mW\mWv. kakv X hnizhpw
Atlns lrZb-amWv. Atlns ]mZfn
\nmWv `qanbpmbXv. hncmns icocw `uXnI]-
Zm- fpsS kwlnXbmWv. hncmv {]Xy- \mb Cuiz
c\mWv. Atlns C{nb- ZnpIfmWv. At
l-ns icocw ]-`qX-fmWv ; Atl-ns tNX
\bmIs ""Rm khpamWv'' F `mh\bm {]Im
in- bv p- - Xp- am- Wv . hncmSv ]p- cp- js hnIm- k- n\p
apmbn hniz{]-sbtm lncWyK`s\tm ]dbp
kq{Xm-hns hnImk-apm-bn-gnn- cn-bvpp.
kqvai- coc-fpsS kwlnXbmW-tlns hml- \w.
lncWy-K`\p tij-amWv hncv {]mZp`hnbvpXv.
hncmns cq]-n lncWy-K` {]Xy- -\mIpp.
]camk k, Nn, B\w AXmbXv nXn
tNX\ ]cakpJw FnhbpsS cq]-nemWv hnbv
]- snp-Xv. ""m\w, in, {Inb ChbmW- Xns
kzcq]w.'' AXp kzbw ImcW- amWv . {_w- kpw
Nnkzcq]hpw A\hpamWv . ]cam- k Hcp hnNm
ca; Hcp inb; Xosc A\mkamb _mly-h
kv Xphpa. FmeXv kakvXkmc`q-Xamb XXzn
tbpw Pohn- X- k- - bp- tSbpw BZi- n- tbpw
bmYmyntbpw m\w, t{]aw, kucyw Chbp
tSbpw kPo- hamb sFIyamWv . AXv \ntj-[m-Iamb
A\n-nXXXz-asncnbv nepw app ]d--t]mse
"t\Xn t\Xn' Fv \ntj-[npsImt AXns\ hn
bvms\mpIbpp.
Pohm mhv
koanX]-Zm--fn Pohmmhn\v AXyp- Xbm
Ymyapspw D]- \nj- pI m]nbvpp. AXv
]c{_- asnepw ]c{_- tmtS-hpaSpp \nevp
p. kmamb Pohmmhns\ hnizns {]Xn_n_w
_-sa \nebn hnbvp D]-\nj- ZzmIy--fpap
v. kmw A\ambno- cm thn {]bmks- Sp
I K
N P
11
{]{Inb- bmWv Cu AJnehnizwXs. Cu {]p_v[m
h Pohmmhnepw ImWpp. ssXnco-tbm]- \nj-
n\pkcn hniz{_- mWv Uns ]e LSIfpw
Pohmmhn ImWppv. Anbpw Pehpw ]rYznbpw
A\ktbmSptNmWv Pohmmhns\ krjvSnn
p-sXp ]d-ncnbvpp.
bYm k-bpsS hnhn[mhI HptNcp
ktf\m\amWv am\h. {]mW hmbphn\pw AXm
bXv ico-cnse izmtkmzmkw PKn \nccw
hoip Imn\pw, a\v BImi-n\pw AXmbXv am\h
a\v hniznse A-co(Cu-X)n\w A\cq]
-fmbncnpp. qeicocamIs hnizns `uXn
Ihkv XptfmSpw B\pcq]yw hlnpp. a\pjymm
hn\v PohkbpsS Fm AhItfmSpw ASnapSn
_apv. AXn\pn Hcp ZnhyXXzapv. AXpsIm
mWv \mw ]cam\w \Ip tNX\ Fp hyhlcn
p B\mhbpmI- Xv. AXphgn A]qk
`-fn \apv (a\pjymmhn\v) {_tmSv G-
hpaSp kapmIpp. koanXamb "Alw' As
n icoc[mcnbmb Poh C{nb- -tfmSpw a\tmSpw
_np \np BmhmWv.
hn`n- X- z- An- c- amb kam- \- X- tbmsS
hnbvpp. ""cp ]nIfpv. Htc Xenep-
h, AXy-an{X. Htc hrs B{i- bnncnbvp
p. Ahbn-semv a[pcamb ^ew Xnp-sIm-ncn-
bv pp. Fm atXv X XnmsX AXv t\mn
smncnpp. AtX hr-nt hniz hr-n
t a\pjy Cuizct\mSp IqsS Xmaknpp. Xs
Npn ]nSnncnbvp ti-fpw IjvS-fpw ImcW-
ambn aqnpp; Xs \nlmbmhbn ZpxJnp
p. Fm AXv at-Xns\- mWptm PK{]-`phmb
Xs IqpImcs\ ImWptm B Zhy kn[nbn
aXnad-mmZnpp. lm Fsmcp tPymXnv! AtXmsS
Ahs ti- ZqscbIepp.'' {]mIrX\pw Znhy\pw
Xn ncamb s]mcpw {]m]np Ignnn. Pohm
mhns k \nccw ]cnW- anpsImncnpp.
Xm\m Hns\ {]m]nm ]nXpSp {]b-Xv\n
psImncnpp. a\jy-\nep Pohmmhv A`nap
Jo- Icn-p- {]-iv\-amWv \m\mXzw. AXn GIXzw
m]nm A\mmhv Pohmmhns\ Blzm\w
sNbvXpsImncnpp. kmhpw A\hpw Xnep
Cu ]nSnhen hniz{]-{InbbnepS\ofap-XmWv . AXv am\
htNX\bnsen aq\yw {]m]npp. Ahs Pohn
Xnse _unIhpw sshImcnIhpw ss\XnIhp-amb
Fm hipw Cu kwLjw A\p- `- h- s- Sp- p.
hynXzw \ntjw hnebnnpIbpw, kms A\
amn ]cnh\w sNpIbpw, am\hXsb Znhy-X
bn apgpInbpw sNbvXm am{Xta a\p -jy\v ]q-
t{]- antbpw ]q- kzmX{ntbpw \nXykXy
hnfp Cuizckm{amPy- ntebvv {]thiw e`np
Ibpp. FmeXv am\hcq]w [cnv kmambn hn
pt-Stmfw AXn\v ^e{]m]v Xnbpmhn. Ana
eyw {]m]nm\pw Ignbn. Cu kwLj-nm[m
cambn ImWs- Sp k Xn\np Zqctbvv
hncNqpp; AXpsImv am\Po-hnXtbpw AXn
{Ianp apIfntemv t]mtIXmbn hcpp. kmamb
Pohmmhv kzbw]q-amb k- b. Ans\bmsW-
n ]cammhv Pohmmhn\m ]cnanXamb asmcp
kz{hynbmbntmIpw. Bmhns bYmXbmWv
A\w. Hgnhmtp Ab-YmXb-mWv kmw.
A-cymanbmb Bmhns\ ths]Spnbm km
\mb Pohmmhv Xpnep bYm- Xtbbpw ssIhn
pIfbpp. A\ns kmn[yw DnepmIp-
XpsImmWv a\pjymmhn\v Db ]Zhn e`np
Xv . Pohmmhv DmIpXpw \ne\nm IgnbpXpw
hniz PohnXn\nmWv. Bmhv ]q- amWv. (Sub
Specie acternitztis) Bm Hp asmns\ AIse
ampIbpw At\ym\yw _lnjvIcnpIbpw sNpp
F knmnp Hcp a\ximkv {XXXzapv. Cu
_lnjvIrXmhbpsS {]Xo- XnsImpam{Xw Bmhv
kYm thdnp \npp Fp A\pam\ntXn
. ChnsS ]rYzw Hcp Xcn t`Z{]oXoXn am{Xam
Wv. CXns\ kmZriy-ambnmWv IcptXXv. Am
]w CXv tIhew \psS a\pIfpsS A]-Ij- W-
ambv t]mIpw. thdnp\np Bm- fpsS k]w
kXyw, \, kv t\lw Fo BZi-v m\w
\IpIbn. C{]-Imcw a\jy Cp \nebn
]q-\spw Cp bYmnep Bmhnt\
m Db GtXm Hpspw AXns\ {]m]np
Xp a\ximnv AXymhiy-amsWpw Hcp ap[mc
W-bpmIpp. Pohmmhns kzX{ksb ]cntim
[nm AsXmcp shdpw {`aw am{XamsWp \app
a\nemIpw. kapZmbn\n-Im a\pjy ]ns
sb- smmWv? a\pjy\v Xn Xs-bp kmam\ya
\mWv bmYmyw \Ip- Xv . kzw \nebn Ah
as-mbmepw am\h\mIp-n. hnhn[-cq]- - fnep
kapZmbtNX\sb kw_-ntStmfw CXv kXy-am
sW-n, Hpw Ipd-h, kmapZmbnIXtb- m IqSpX
DIrjvSamb kmam\ya\ns\w_-npw! km-
fmb a\pI aXnepw aXn\pthnbpw B[ym
nIamb Hcp ]q-LSIs \nnppv. Fm
bYm-nehbvv Ahkm\w t\mptm ImWm
hp aqcq]-an. HcZriy- kapZmb-nse AwK-
F \nebvmsX Ahbv p Xnsc bmYmy-hpan
. Npcpn ]d- bmw, A-cymanbmb Bmhns\
Hgnpamnbm ]ns aXn\p thsd Bm
_mnbpmhn.
hynbmb Pohmmhv Xmgv Xcns] PU
{]- IrXntbmSv acnp temIn D-X\mbn \np
psnepw A\p`htbmKy- fmb D-XhkvXpfn
kap- X\. \nccw {]b-Xv\npXpw Fm kzc
tbnmpamb a\pjymmhv Xs B-kzmX
{yhpw kackX km[nmep BmZhpw B\kz-
cq]- amb {_m\ckhpw BntXpv. a\p
jys Dffnep Cuizc Xsm Xncndnbptm
am{Xta, BZiw AXns ^e{]m]vXnbnseptmtg
I K
N P
12
a\pjy\p Xs ]caeys ]q-amm Ignbq.
acfpw At\ym\yhntcm[fpw PohnXnse hntcm
[m`mkfpw A]q- amb hnImkns e-W- -
fmWv. AXnsXncmbn ]ckv ]- csmcphpw ktm
jhpw imnbpw hnImk{]- {Inb ]q-amsb-- Xn\p
sXfnhmIpp. PohmmhpXs- bmWv bpt{Xw. Ahn
sSsbmWv acw \Sp- Xv. BZiw ]q-am
Iphm bpw Ahkm\nbvWw; hntcm[- fn\np
mb thZ\ ianpIbpw thWw. Atmtg ]qnsb-
nb a\pjy-\n Bcw`np Cuizcs\ {]m]nm
\p {]hWXbvv XnIpw ^e{]m]vXnbpmhq. PK-
nse asm hkvXptfmfpw Db- h\mWv a\p
jy. A\tmSp tN HmIptmgmWv Ahs
]caeyw \nd- thdpI. {]IrXnbn Pohin Hfnn
cnpv. PohnXw hnIknptm {]IrXnbpsS ]ca
eyw \ndthdpp. Pohin Xn tNX\sb Hfn
np kqnpp; AXp tNX\sb XnIpw tamNn
np Ignbptm Pohs eyhpw ]q-amIpp.
{]bpWp {]XyamhptmgmWv tNX\bpsS
eyw ]qoIcnpXv. DXamb Ai\
nsen apgpIptm {]bpsS kXyw kwkn
amIpp. B Ai-\amIs hnNmctam hnImctam
Ctbm A; hnNmcns eyhpw CbpsS {]m]y
m\hpw hnImcns ]q-XbpamWv. kmamb
Pohmmhv ]cammhns\ Xms\p\nnd- nhpthm
B ]c{_-s {]m]nptm Bo-b-Po-hnXhpw
eyw {]m]npp. ""m\nbmb Hcp a\pjy\v Pohm
mhv kkz-hpamIpp. Cu sFIyw Hcn Ip
Ign Bv ]noSv ZpxJ- sav? IjvSsav?''
D] \nj p Ifnse [ imkv{Xw
PKv ]pd-s- phcpXv ]cammhn \nmWv.
AXpsImp AhnsSs hn{i-am\w IsWw.
{]]-{]{InbbnemZyw km\-f\-amm \S
p ]cn{iaw \mw ImWpp. _mnbp CXckmw
kmcnI hkvXpsftmses a\pjy Xn A\
ns kaps-dnv ktm- X\mb ]cam
mhns\ {Klnbv m ssI \opp. Fm ]nIfpw
XfpsS Bhmkhrntebv v ]dp t]mIpw
t]mse Cu PKmsI B ]cammhntebvv t]mIp
p ""Rm Ancnbnpt]mses A-bn
{]thinbv stbm? {]t`m As-n {]- thinbvp
Rm ]hn{X\pw ip\pamIs, {]t`m'' ""Av Fs
hn{i-am\amWv.'' Cuizct\mSv sFIyw {]m]nemWv
a\pjys BZiw. {]]- -nse Fm hkvXpfpw
A\s XncbpIbmWv ; Fm a\pjy\pam{Xta ]c
aeyspdnp [mcW- bpp CXp XsbmWv a\p
jy- tNX\bpw ap {]m]nI]Zm-- fpambnp A-
cw. bpK- bpKmc- fmbn \Sp hnImk]- cnWma
p tij- amWv a\pjy\v almb hnjz]-Xnsb-
pdnv t_m[apmbXv. A\ns Blzm\sf
Adnbm Aht\ Ignbq. Ah Xsmncnbvp
kzob]- Zhnbntebvp t_m[]qw k- cnbvpIbpw
sNpp. ]c{_w km\mb Pohmmhn\p sNs
m\p \nnXeyamWv.
CXv A-Xyw D-Xhpw ]q-hpamWv Ghpa[nIw
Bimkyamb BZi-amWv. Cmcyw ]ehn[nepw
{]Xn- ]m- Zn- s-n-pv . ""AXv hni- n\npw Zml-
n\npw kSn\npw ]cn-{`an \npw
hmIy-n\npw arXyp-hn\npw tatebmWv .''
""hniz- Npmb kqcy AXyw Zqcp nXn
sNpp; IpIpmIp tcmK- sfmpw _m[n
bvpan. AXp t]mses AJne{]mW-nIfnepw
IpSnsImp Cu GImmhv Fmn\npw AIp
kwkmc ZpxJ- - sfmpw hym]nbvmsX \nn]v X\mbn
\nesImpp. \m\mXz{]- ]-- n Pohnbvp, Hcp
p{Zmmhn\v kkzhpw ]W- b-s- SppI, tcmK-
pw IjvSm\p`hpw hnt[b- \mbn hnp
I, CsXms Xobmbpw \n`mKy-amWv . km k
bntep \bnp ImcW- sf HgnhmpI a\pjys
km[mcWamb Dtiy- amWv. \m\mXzn \np GI
Xzntep aSnhcnI HcmZi- ey-amWv; AXv ]c
a{]- [m\hpamWv. AXp a\pjymsI kwXr]vXnbpf
hmpp. ssXn-co-tbm]- \nj-n- \p-kcnv AXv
v""{]mWmcmaw a\ B\w imnkarw AarX''amWv.
""Poh\pw a\n\w ktmj-hpw, imnbptSbpw, \nXy-
XbptSbpw ]q-XbpamWv . \mw sImXnp ]nXpSp
sIm-ncn-p XmWXcw ey- PohnX ico-c
tbpw am\knIamb B{K-l--sfbpw Xr]vXns-Spn
sbp hcmw. Fm AsXmw CXnepsSpp; CXv
Ahsb AXni- bnp \npp. \psS apn Pohn
Xnse hn`n\neI\ptbmPy- amb ]eXcw kpJ-
-fpapv; Poh\in \Ip kpJw, C{nbm\p`h
P\y- amb kpJw, am\knIkpJw, _pn]- camb kpJw
Ans\ ]eXpw. Fm Fmnepw shv D-Xhpw
DIrjvShpamb kpJw "B\w' X-bmWv .''
kZmNmcPo- hnXsn N XpScp-Xn\papmbn
D]-\n - jpIfnse Zi-\]-Xnbn kZmNmc\nba
DmImsa A`n-{]mb-nsXncmbn D-bnbvp
Bt-]-- sfpdnp hnNmcw sNbvXpt\mmw. Fmw
HmsW- n kZmNmc]- camb _ Fns\bm
WpmhpI Fsmcp tNmZyw s]mnhcmdpv. ]c
{_w ]q-amsW- n ]noSv AXns\ {]m]nbvm
\p {]bXv \ns BhiywXs- bptm? Hs- Sepw
]ckv]-ct`Zhpw a\pjyPohnX- fn auenIambnps
n ]ns \tmSv Abmcs\ kv t\lnbvm\pw
kv t\lm kwkmcns sFIyw t\Sm\pw ]d-bp
- Xn\an FmWv D]-\nj- pI Nqnmp-
Xv. Abmcs\ kv t\lnm \tmSv I]n- -p
psneXv Fmw Xs Hscm bYmkbn
nXnsNp-XpsImmWv . _mlyhpw Anchpamb
hyXykvXXIsf AXnhnm Rm\pw Fs Ab
mc\pw A-cmmhn Hp XsbmWv. ]q-ambp
\nXyambpw hnip\pw _ehm\pamb bmmmhv tZi
ImemSnm\n \Sp ]cnh\- fn \npw
tZiIme- fn m\w]nSnncnp as-mn \npw
AXo-X\pamWv. \mw kzw PohnXnepw A\ycpsS
I K
N P
13
PohnXnepw GI`mhw ImWpI FmWv XnI \-
tbmSpIqSn PohnbvpI FXns Xm]cyw. km\mb
Bmhv AXns kpNnXamb hynXzs AXn
hnp ]q-tmSp XmZmyw {]m]nptmtg a\p
jys [mnIkz-`mhw Ftmgpw sImXnpsImncn
p Cu BZiw \ndthm Ignbq. tam- amw
Btm- XnbpsS amK-amWv ; \mw kzw hynXzs
AXnhnv sNsn hn{iaw sImp bYm-k-
bmWv AXypk. B bYm ksbbmWv D]-
\nj- pI Dun-d- bp- Xv .
a\pjy-\n Cuizc\psp ]d-bp-XpsImp
am{Xw Fm ]pcpj-{]- b-Xv\pw kam]vXnbmbn
Fw hcpn. Cuizc a\pjy\nepsp Xo
bmWv. ]t, a\pjy\v A\h[m\XtbmSpw ]pcpj-{]-
b-Xv\hpw kwLjhpw IqSmsXbpw, ssIhi- s- Spn
\nm ]p hn[w {]Xy- -cq]- ne Cuizc
a\pjy\n kmn[yw sImpXv; iIyXbpsS AYhm
kw`mhyXbpsS \nemWv. insImpw {InbsImpw
Cuizcs\ ]nSnsSptXv a\pjys IhyamWv.
AXp sNm Ignbnsn a\pjy-s\ \nev I
hy- NypXn hcpp. a\pjys Dnep Cuizc Hcp
kXykw`hsa t]mses Hcp NpaXebpamWv . Hcp
{]iv\hpamWv; Hcp ssIapXepamWv. a\pjy Xs
Am\m `uXnIhpw am\knIhpamb _mlymh
cW-- tfmSpIqSn XmZmyw m]npp. ]q- Xsb
{]m]nm\p C Ahs kmXtbmSv AYhm ]cn
anXntbmSv acnpp. ""Pohmmhv Znhy kv ^penwK-
- fm {]Iminppsnepw AXv ]q- ambpw Znhy
a. Atl-ns ssZho- IX bYm-a. ]q-Xsb
{]m]nbvm DtSbp Hcoizcmwiw am{XamWXv .
Cp \nebneXv aXcnbpw tZhXbpamWv; ]Xnbpw
(Cu- izc) ]iphpw tNp-mbXmWv. A\oizcX
Xzs Cmbva sNemWv [imkv {Xns Npa
Xe; AXns\ \innpsIm; ssZhoI insIm
Xns\ ]qcnnp-sImv .'' {]IrXnbpsS km-amb
ss]Xr-Intbpw Bk-bpsS A\--fmb
BZi-- fptSbpw CSbvv \np sshcpyamWv
a\pjy. Ah\v {]IrXnbpsS hnirwJ- eXXzsf Cuiz
ckbntebvv Xmgvnsmphv Xs PohnX
eyw km[nm {]bXv\ntXmbnpv. Xs eLp
PohnXs aqSnb HmSv s]mnv t{]anepcpIn Znhym
mhnt\mSp tNsmmbno-cpI-bmWv a\pjys
eyw. km- n- tbpw A\- - n - t- bp- an- Sv
kwLj-kzcq]- ambpw, ssZho Bkpco XXznS
bn kw{Kmakz-cq]ambpw hnp a\pjy Pohn
Xs kw_- ntStmfw [imkv{Xkw_- - amb
{]iv\v AXyw {]m[m\y- apv. kwLj-n\p
thn P\nh\mWv a\pjy. FXn- \p`hs- Sp- Xp
hsc Ah\v B-Zi\w e`npIbn.
B- km- mm- c- amWv [- im- kv {X- ns
BZiw. B- m\]qIamb kz`mhamWv kZmNm
ckz`mhw. BmshXn\v Fmcw Zu- eyhpw
kwkv m- c- lm- \nbp- ap- , kzm- io- ehpw eLp- Xz-
hpap, C{nbm\p`hwsImp "Rm' F Xm]
cy-san, hyn]- camb kzm-ns FmXcw _-
\-fn \npw ap\mb a\pjy-s AKm[kz-cq
]- amWv DnjvSmsan ap]d hymJym\w icn
bmWv . arKobmmhns hmk\Ifpw hnImc- fpw, Al-
mcns PohnXhym]vXnsb Npcppp. AXpsIm
hsb \ntcm[np \ntXpv. Bmhns D-
Xnbvpw AXypXkbpsS kmmmcn\pw
thn XS-tfbpw FXncmb kzm[n\inItfbpw
HXpn \nt- n- bn- cn- p- p. [mnI PohnXw
m\mIhpw XkwKXhpamWv. AXp tIhew
kl- Phmk-\IfptSbpw C{nbm\p`h- fptSbpw Pohn
Xa. ""Bmhns\ ico-camIp cYn nXnsN
p bPam\\mb-dnbpI, _pnsb tXcmfnbmbpw a\
ns\ ISnmWmbpw, C{nbsf IpXncIfmbpw, C{n
bhnj- bsf cYhoYnIfmbpw AdnpsImpI. C{n
b- fpw a\pw tN Pnhmhns\ hnthIimenI
t`mmshp ]d- bpp Fm Zp-e\pw hnthIiq
\y- \pamb hynbpsS C{nb- AhsmXpn\n
evpn. Ahs C{nb- tXcmfnbpsS hndfnp
XncIsftmse \nb{Ww hntmSpp. hnthInbpw ZrV-
Nn\pamb hynbpsS C{nb tXcmfnbpsS A\p
kc-Wio-ecmb IpXn-cI-sftmse kp\nb- {-fmbncn
bv pp. m\lo-\\pw hnNmciq\y\pw A]-hn{X\p
amb-h Hcnepw AarXXzw {]m]npIbn; A`u-Xn
Imhbnepw FpIbn. Ah hopw hopw P\
\- a- c- W- N- {I- - fn IpSp - n - - d- p - p . Fm
m\nbpw hnthIimenbpw ]cnip\pambh hopw
P\\acW-N{In-tep aSnhcm kpcnXm-h
sb {]m]npp.'' B{K- l- - fpsS ISnmWnm
Hms XSptXpv. Npm ]nSnpXv B{K-l-
- fmsW-n Bmhn I s]mfnXv Xo! a\p
jy-Po-hnXns [w AXsXp Xs ImcWw.
Xbpn \ntinp BZis \mwkzoIcnp
nsn, IqSpX Db-Xcnep Hcp [mnI
\nb-as ssIsmpnsn, \psS PohnXw
eyln\hpw DtiyclnXhpamb arK-PohnXn\v Xpey
ambntmIpw. kv t\lnpw shdppw, Dtiyhpw Imc
Whpw IqSmsX ]ckv ]cw Bt- jnpw Ipnsmpw
A\nb-Xambn Xncp ]nSn PohnXw \bnpsImncn
bv pw. kptJm-]t`mKnep cks Fmn\pw
eyambnW- mp]w \psS PohnXw a\p
tjymNnXam hn[n [NypXambn Zpjnp
t]mIpp. arK X-fpsS kl-Phmk\Isf D]-
tbmKnp coXnbn XsbmWv a\pjy _pnbp
s ImcW-m am{Xw arKkz`mhn \np Hpw
Db-cpn. euInI ]Zmsf tZhXIfmbn KWn
pXpw Bcm[npXpw ZpcmNmcnIfmWv. ""Ctm
hntcmN\ Xs NnbpsS ]cnWman kwXr]vX
\mbn. AkpcmcpsS ASpp tNv Ahp]tZiw
\evIm XpSn. tIhew ico-c[mcnbmb Bmhns\
bmWv ]qPntXv. AXns\sbmWv tkhnt
Xv. ico- cs ]qPnpw AXns tkh\n apgpInbpw
I K
N P
14
Ignbp-h\v Cl-temIhpw ]ctemIhpw cpw {]m]vX
amIpp. AXpsImv Zm\w sNmh\pw Cuizchn
izmk- anmh\pw bw A\jvTn-bvm-h\pamb
Hcp a\pjys\ Ah Ctmgpw Akpcs\p ]d- bp
p. ImcWw CsXmw AkpcmcpsS knmamWv.''
C- s\bmWv \psS PohnXw \bnbvs-Sp- sXn
AXv \njv^-e--fmb Bi-Ipw `b- pw hnt[
b- am- bn- cn- bv pw. ""hnth- I- ]q- amb Pohn- X- n
sFIyhpw kmwKXyhpw kv]jvSambn ImWm Ignbpw.
a\pjy-Po-hn-Xns hnhn[`mK- fpw {Ia_- ambncn
bvpw. Hcp-XmZis A`nhyRvPnnpXpambncn
bvpw. XbpnbpsS kYm\v C{nb- fmWv \s
\bnpIsb-n hnImcfpw hmk\Ifpw Anca
t\mhrnIfpw am{Xw {]Xn^-ennbv p Hcp ImSn
am{Xam-bncnbvpw \psS PohnXw. ]ckv ]- c_-an
m NnXdnb kw`-h-fpsS Hcp Ne am{Xamb
PohnXw sImv Hcp {]tbmP\hpan. AXn\v \nln
bvm Hcp Imcy- hp- an. t\Sms\mcp ey-hp-an-.
hnthI ]q-amb Hcp PohnXn Hmtcm I]- cn
]m- Snbpw AwKo- I- cns- Sp- -Xn\p apv BZy-ambn
XbpnbpsS tImSXn apmsI sImphcpw; D-
Xeyw {]m]nbvm AXn\v Ignhptm Fv ]cn
tim[npw DNnXamsWv Im Pohmmhns\ kzoI
cnbvpw''
temI-tmSp \nkzm-`nbp PohnXwXs
bmWv hnthI]q- amb PohnXw. Pohmmhv ]camm
hns Awiw am{XamsWpw ]cammhns Imcy-sam
gnv Pohm- m-hn\v bmsXmcp kzm-Xm]- cy-hpan-
spw X_pn \s D]-tZinpp. C{nbm\p`
htmSpIqSnb thdn PohnXaps hnNmcw Ah
ssIsbmgnmam{Xta `mKyntbpw Nm]-eyntbpw
_\n \n-h apn t\SpIbpp. Pohmmhv
kzm-Imcy sNbvXpsNbvXv HSphn Xm kzbw
Dmnb IpSpns-pt]mIpp. hopw hym]-Iamb
hnizm- PohnXn A[nImcw AhImi- s- SmdmIp-
Xp- hsc AtX- ]Sn _- - \n InS- t- n- h-cp- p.
Ccw klm\p`qXnbpsS amw Fm- hpambn
Xpdp shncnbvpp; AXv B-hnkvarXnbntev
\bnp-XpamWv''
""A\w B\abamWv ; km]-Zm- - fn B\
an.'' bm- hIy kkzhpapt]-np Imn
tebvp ]pd- s- Sp kabp Xs kp apgph
]Xv \namcmb ImXymb-\npw ssat{Xbnpw `mKnpsIm
Spms\mcpn. ssat{Xbnv Xms\p sN-W-sap
tXmnbn. Ah Xs Kmly kma{K-lnInS
bnencpp AXy-ZpxJ- tmsS ]pdsa Imn-tebv p
t\mm XpSn. A-h Dtiy- clnXambn hn{iaan
msX _sp tPmensNbvXpsImncp Hcp km[p
a\pjys\ Ipsd KpW-tZmjnp. km]Zm- sf D]-
IcW-amnsmp \msa-s-nepsamv km[nm
{ianm AXns hn]co-X^- eamWpmhpI, \psS
Acmmhv bYm-k- r]v Xnpthn sImXnpsIm
ncnpp; Fm A\n\np \yq\amb Hn
\pwXs AXp \app FnpXcm\mhn. \mw km
hkvXpsf tXSpp; Ah \app e`nppapv .
Fm Ahbn kr]vXnbn, AJnehnizsbpw
\mw B{Ianp IogSnFp hcmw; Atmgpw IogSm
\mbn C\nbpw hniz- fpmbntm Fv tJZnv s\Sp
honSpw. ""Ah FhnsS Fntmepw AhnSpp
Apdw t]mIm- \m- {K- ln- p- p. BI- i- p- Xs
sNsn FpshpI AhnSppw At- pdtbvv
t]mIm sImXnpw'' \fn A[nI]w BfpIfpw
""[\k-ns am-nemWv Ncnbvp-Xv. Fmem
hgnbnshv ]ecpw \inpt]mIpp.''C{nb- hnj-b-
fpsS Zmkyw hlnpsImpw _mlyk-pItfmSv Hn
bncppw \mw kXymmhns\ ImWmsX t]mIpp. ""[\
msemcp\pw kpJnX\mIm Ignbn.'' ""[\taml-
m aqV- \mb bphmhns ZrjvSnbn ]ctemI Nn
DZnbvpt-bn. "CXpXsbmWv temIw, asmcp temI
an' Fh Nnnp- p. C- s\- b- h hopw
hopw arXyphns ]nSnbn s]Spp.'' ""AarXXzsa
sdnbp m\nI ChnsSbp A\nXy-hkvXp
fn \nXyhkvXpsh tXSpn'' Cuizc\n\nphn
tbmKw {]m]n a\pjy ITn\ZpxJ- a\p`hnpp, Cuiz
ct\mSp tNsImmsX asmp sImpw Ahs
lrZb-ns hnip ianpIbn. BZi-kp-chpw
Iftaimhn[w ]hn{Xhpamb Hcp ksb {]m]n
m thnbp Bmhns AXnc B{K-lsf
tZiImemh[nbpXpw C{nb_- - fpamb ]Zm- -
sfsmp \ndthm\mhn, A\y-ktbmSp t{]a
n-eqsS Hcp ]catbmKy-k-sb {]m]n-bvm\p
BZiw Is-m B{K-lnp-h ]ecpap-v.
Fm B A\\y-k tZiImemh[nIfp a\pjym
mhmIpt- Stmfw AhcpsS BZiw Hcnepw {]m]n
m Ignbn, asmcp am\hkpn kv {Xobm
Inepw ]pcpj-\mInepw kucy-ntbpw t{]an
tbpw ]q-cq]w XncbpXv Xsm hnem
Ipw. ]q- XbpsS kmmmcw \nXy-nte km[y-
amIq. CXnmIt kwkmcn \npw kmwkmcnI[
\k-pIfn\npw _-apn Bhiy-amWv. {]]-
-sshcmKy- n -ZpxJ- tamN\w t\Snbncp-h BZy-
Imew apXtbpv. ]p{XIf{XmZnItfbpw mhcPw
K- ah-kvXptfbpapt]- nv `nmwtZln- Ifmbn \nkz-
Xbnepw PohnXipnbnepw tamw t\Smsa B{K-l
tmsS Krl- fn \nndnncnh [mcmfapm
bncpp. Krl- PohnXtmSp _- fdpnd-nb
Cu X]-kznkapZmb-amWv _ucpsS {iaW- {]- m-\
n\v hgn sXfnbnXv. XymK]q- amb PohnXw tam-
n\p apJy- am-ambn AwKo- Icnbvsp.
D]-\n-j- p kZmNmc-Po-hnX-ns B`y-c
kz`mh-fn \njvj sNepm\pw BNmcns
t{]cI kz`mhn\v AXyw {]m[m\yw Iev]nm\p
anSbmbn. ]pdsa ImWp B\pcq]y-smfpw B-
camb ]cnipnbmWv {][m\w. D]-\nj- pI "tamn
cpXv ' "sImcpXv' Fp am{Xa ]d- bp- Xv . ""Zqsc ]nSn
bv cpXv'' ""Bscbpw shdpcpXv t{Im[n\pw Zphn
I K
N P
15
Imcpw Zpcm{Klpw hio`qX\mIcpXv'' Fpw
{]Jym]nbv ppv. a\mZyw ]cnipamWw; th
Ans\s\nn hr- ns CeI am{Xw apdn
pIfbp- XpsImp t{]mP\sam-pan. BN-c-W-
ns ta \nbnpXv hnj- bnsb kw_-n
(A[nImcnIX) tbmKy- Xbpw XymKns am{Xbpw ]cn
K-WnmWv .
kakvXhnizhpw a\pjymmhns\tmses ]c
am-mhn \nv DhnXmbn \mw a\-nem- W-
samWv D]-\nj- p A\pimknp- Xv . t{]akz
cq]\mWo-izc. Cuizcs\ kv t\lnpI B\amWv,
Cuizct\mSp t{]aanmXncnpI ZpxJ- ImcW- amWv. ]c
ammhn-t\mSp t{]am m\hpw AacXzhpw
knnbvpp. Cuizct\mSv t{]aanmXncpm kwi-
b-{`aw ZpxJw arXyp Chbv ncbm-bno-cpp. Fm
bYm-aX-fnepw ktm- Xamb Cu Bibw
ImWmw. ""F\nsXncmbn ]m]w sNp- h kzw
Bmhns-Xncmbn sXp sNpp. Fs shdpp-
hscmw arXypsh kvt\lnpp.'' ]m]nbmb a\pjy
B-LmXnbmWv. A-cmsc ""B-lt\m P\mx''
FmWv D]-\nj- pI hnfnp- Xv.
kzm- amb Fm {]bXv \- tfbpw XyPnm D]-
\nj- pI \s t{]cnnpp. Fm Fm Xm]
cy- fpw Dt]ntXn. Alw`mhn \nIp
\nm\pw Cuizct\mSp kwbpcmbn \nm\p
amWv D]-\nj-pI Bhiy- s-SpXv . HcmZi-b- Xnv
B{K- l-- fpmIpw; Ah kzm- ]-camhnst-bpp.
""Cbnmh\pw, Cbn \nv AXo-X\pw, Cm
]qnh- h\pw, Bmhns\ Cnp- h\pw {_
ambncppsImpXs {_s {]m]npp.'' \tmSv
Dt]nbvm ]d-bp Imaw bYm-n Cb- .
AXv tIhew arKklPamb B{K-lamWv, Imahmk\
bmWv; arK- cq]-\mb a\pjys C{nbmtemep]- XbmWv.
Iman \np kzmX{yw t\Sm\pw imkv{X D]-
tZinbvpp. ]t CXp shdpw \njv{Inb-Xbmhn.
Imantbpw Zpcm{Klntbpw \njvTpcimk- \n
\npw _mly-h- kv Xp-fpsS BIj- I-tim`-I- fn
\npw apn t\Sm kl-Phmk\mP\y-amb DSm
`nem--fpsS kqnbn \npw apn t\Sm
\tmS\pimknppv. bYmamb Csb \ntcm
[nnn. AsXmw hnj- bs B{ibnncnpp. Hcp
a\pjys sImXn amwkku- cy- nsen Ah hy`n
Nmcnbmbn-ocpw; kpc-hkv XpfnemWm{K- l-san
Ah IemImc\mbncnpw; Cuizc\nemsW- n Ejn
bmbno- cpw. tam- nepw m\nepap B{K-l-
n\p {]map Jyw Iev]nncnpp. CIsf kXysapw
anYysb pw cmbn XcwXncnncnbv pp. \tmSv
ktXy-Ifn ]ptNcm Bhiy-sSpp. Hcp \Nn
tIXns ]nXr`nbpw [\njvTbpw Hcp kmhn
{XnbpsS ZrV- t{]- ahpw ]Xn `nbpw Zqj-W- a. krjvSn
Imhns "Ima'n\p Csb-mWw. ""Rm
At\I- fmbno-cs F-h B{K-lnp (A-Imab-
X)'' ]ctaizc\pw Cnppshn \apspsIm
`nam\w, tcmjw, Imahmk\ apXemb hnImcsf Hgn
bvm \tmSv \ntinnpv. Fm t{]ans
tImafhnImc-fmb kakv t\lhpw A\pIbpw Hgn
hmW-sap ]d-nn. B- kmmmcn\mbn
X]- psN- W-sav D]- \nj-pfnenmbn \nt
i- ImWmsaXv icnbmWv . Fm X]n\p B
i-nbpsS hnImkw, icocZmky-n\nv Bmhns
tamN\w, a\ns Kw`o-cNn, a\ns\ kzbw i
ampI FsmamWw; ""bmsXmcm-fpsS X]p
m\abamsW- n'' PohnXw Hcp atlmhamWv. AXn
tep bnshcmWv \msamw. AhnsS \apv
X]tm B-XymKtam Zm\tam HuZmcytam B-
htam kXy-amb hyhlmctam Alnwktbm ap-hsc
thZ\nnmXncntem kXy-hN\tam {]Zinnmw.
X]v As-n XymKwsImv tZymXnns-SpXv
\nct]-- `mhamWv. ""Iw sImtm kXnsImtm
kpsImtm A XymKwsImmWv AacXzw {]m]n
m IgnbpXv '' OmtmtKym]- \nj- n ""{im X]''
{iXsbmWv X]- sp ]d- ncnpp. _mly]
Zm- -fpsS _tamN\n\mbn Hcm h\mc
nse GImXbntesmpw t]mtIXn. kmwkm
cnI]Zm-fpambp AhinjvS_w s]s- -dp
pIfbm thn GImhmkn\p inIqpItbm
X]- psNpItbm thXn. ""XymKtmSpIqSn A\p
`hnpsImpI'' (tX\ Xyt\ `pRv Po-Ymx) Fp
Cutim]- \nj-n ]d-npv. Cu kmwkmcnIamb
[\k-pIfptSbpw kma{K-nIfptSbpw A\-Imcn
bmb `mcwsImp \mw Ip\n- acmsXbmbmte \apo-
PK- nseB\amkz- Znm Ignbq. tem`n\pw Zpcm
{K- l- n\pw \mw Xotc m\w \ImXncnp ]w
\apo temIn cmPmmsctmse hmgmw. \p
sS kmwkmcnIamb kpJm\p`hn\p \psS \n
\Xzhp-ambn {]Xy--amb A\p]mXapv . XymK-ns
t`Z`mhsDqe\w sNpI F A- nepw \nc
t]--t{]-a hnI-knnpI F A-nepw,
Fm kXy- aX-fptSbpw kmcXXzamWv .
`mcXob XXzhnNmcn sshZnIImen\ptijw
Hcp ]cnh\apmbn. AYthZne sshcmKy-
hmZw ImcW-ambn cl- ky-hmZ{]m\n\p in IqSn.
EtKzZnse EpIfpsS cN\ \S Imep kpJ-
t`mK- fpsS Imcyn kzXbpmbncpp. a\pjym
mhns kl-Pamb [mnI`mh\ ins-p. D]-\n
jImeambtm C{nb- fpsS B{IaW- ns-Xnsc
kv ]jvv Sambn i_vZapbp. CSbvnsS B{Ianv D]-
{Zhw sNp hnj- b-hmk\p hg- nsmv Bm
hnn\nbpw ZpxJnm h Fmbn. Fm ]nm
ev icocs ZlnnpI apXemb Ak{- Zmb-
tN {`msshcmKy-n\v hps] At[m
KXn D]-\njImev Cu kkwK- ]- cnXymK- n\p
t\cntSnhn. _paXstmses `cZzmP\pw
kmwkmcnIPo- hnXtbpw sshcmKytbpw Hcpt]mse
{]Xntj-[nppv. AXnhn lThmZns ]mcay-
nsenb Cu sshcmKy-hmZw bYmXymKs
I K
N P
16
kqNnnp H; AsXmcp {]Imcn kzm-]-
cXzwXs- bmsWp \w ]dbpw. HcmfpsS Bhv temI
nse asm Bmfpw IqSn-bmepffXn-t\
t{ijv TXcamsWp IcpXn GItam-n\pthn
sNp {ia Hcnepw Bmhns bYm- \{a
XbpsS {]IS\a. \mw Iw sNWw; Fm A\m
k- - ambn sNWw FmWv D]- \n- j- p- I
\njvIjnpXvv. {]]- -XymKw sNbvXv hn`P\
etm k\ymknaTntem hn{ianph\ [mn
I kwkmcns Pohnp kmwkmcnIh-kvXp
sf kvt\lnpsImp X\nbvpthnb- msX, Ah
bnen-lnXamb A\-n\p thn, Ahbn
Kp]vXambncnp hn`q-hn-\pthn kv t\lnpsImv
Ignbph\mWv [mnIa\pjy. Abmsf kw_-
ntStmfw Cuizcs alXzw \ncp]m[nIamWv;
asm ]Zm- pw ]qXbntebvp hml- \
AYhm Cuizc\ntebvp am- F \ne
bn kmt]--amb alXzhpapv. A\pjvTnsSp
Fm Ihy- fpw, hyn]-camb bfpw XymK
fpw B- km- mm- c- n\p klm- bn- p- p.
\app ]nXmmcmImw. Fsm kpNnXamb
hynXzn\np AXo- Xambn \nm\pw IqSpX
almb Dtiy-- fpambn kzbw XmZmyw {]m]nm
\pap am- amWXv. Znhy t{]ans \ng- emWv am\
ht{]aw. \app kzw ]Xv\nsb kv t\ln- bv mw.
Fn\p thn ? Fm hkvXpfptSbpw lrZb-n
Pzen- bv p B\- -n\p thn. ""bYm- n
`mhv {]nb-\mIpXv v `mhn\pthnb-. Bm
hn\pthn BWv `mhv {]nb-\mIpXv.'' Fp D]-
\njp ]d-bpp. Cu Imcyw Xs CSapdnbmsX `mcy,
]p{Xm, cmPy, {_mW- -{XnbPmXnI, temI
hn`mK, tZhm, kPoh krjvSnI, hym]- Iamb
hnizw Fo hkvXpsf BhnmhnpZml-cnv
Dd-nbvpp. Ahsbmw Ahbv p thnb \nXy-
kbvpthnbmWv Cu kwkmcn nXnsNp
- Xv. kmwkmcnI]Zm-sf ]m]n\p Ccbmbn
Znhym\{]m]v Xnp am--fmbnmWv krjvSnn
p--Xv. \psS hoWw bYm-ambm \app
kp apXemb sFizcy--fpmhpIbmbn. ""XtXm
ta {inb- amhl'' (A-Xn\ptijw F\nbvv [\w sImp
hcp). kwkvImclo-\\v [\w Hcp Xn-bmWv; Fm
hnthInbv ns\b Fp ic \ntinpp.
{]Xy--n AssZhnIambntm-p {]m]nI
hkvXp [mnI\mb Bm-hn\p \nc-cap
shphnfnbmWv. Bmhv AhbpsS kzX{\netbmSv
Gp s]mcpXWw; Ahsb ssZhnIi-nbpsS {]ISambn
ampIbpw thWw. Ah Cu A\mk`mhn
Fm Ifpw sNpp. ""Ak- t\m \nn]v Xt\m
BhpI F- Xns Xm]cyw Bm-hns\ {]]--
tmSp tNp sInb Fm sIpIfpw Agnp ap
\mhpI, `qaWvUense Hcp ]Zmtbpw B{i-
bnmXncnpI, `uXnI]- Z--fntebvp NmbmXncn
pI Fs-mamWv . ap-h \sn Fp]-d-bpp
Fp hnNmcnpp. \ssmsp sNnm\m{K-
lnbv pp, CXnsempw {incpXv. Hcp tbmmhv
]Sfn apt-dp- t]mse Nntbm `mhnhnNmctam
IqSmsX kzw Ihy \nlnpI. Hcp [mn
IImcyn\pthn kkzXymKw sNtnhcptm
X-fpsS ta, BZchv, bi-v , A\pIqe]cnXnXn,
kpJkuIcy- , a\p- jy- t\m-Sp- ff kv t\l- _w
Chsb Hpw Imcy-ammXncnpI.'' Cu Bo-b-kw
Lj-n\v imcocnIamb Nne Hcp sNm D]-
\nj- pI \s t{]cnnppv. iuNw, D]- hmkw,
C{nb- \n{Klw GImhmkw apXembh imco-cn-Iip
nv AXymhiy-ambn hn[ns-ncnpp. ""Fs
icocw kptbmKy- amIs, Fs Pnlz AXyw a[pcam
Is. sNhnsImv Rm Ghpw A[nIw tIpamdm
Is'' CXns Xm]cyw ico-cs HchjvSw`amtbm
Bmhn\p Hcp `mcamtbm IcpXn Xnckv cnt
Xn FmWv. ico-cns ipo- IcWtam C{nb--
fpsS tamN\tam a\ns hnImktam HpwXs B-
]oUtbmSp _- ap- X. {_Ncyw ]menp- ht
{_temI{]m]v XnbpmIq Fp hopw OmtmtKym
]- \n- j- n ]d-b- s-n-cnp-p. {_- Ncyw Hmtcm
hnZymnbpw Kpcp- hns ASp- hnZym- [y- b\w
sNp Ahkcn ]menbvtp kz`mh\nb{
WamWv. AXv kwkmcXymKtmSpIqSnb X]tm sshcm
Kytam A. Fsm AtX D]-\nj- n Viii 5
{_Ncys bRvPm\pjvTm\n\p Xpeyambn ]d-n
cnbvpp. CXp {_Ncys kwkmc\nhrnsbp
sXmbn hymJym\nmXncnm\p Hcp XmoXp \In
bncnpIbmsWp tXmpw. icocw Bmhns tkh
I\mWv. ImcmKrl- a. PohnXw a\v tNX\ _pn
apXemb- hsb \mw XyPnpIfb-W- sa kqN\Isfmpw
D]-\nj- pIfnen. adnp Cuizc A- cyanbmsW
knmw CXns- Xncmb Hcp \nb-ntebvmWv
\s \bnbvp- Xv.
bYm- aXns `mhmthi- n Dun \np
- XpsImp am{Xw D]- \nj- pI Xr]vXns- Sp -n.
Ah \apv Hcp Ihy- kwlnX IqSn Hcpn shncn
bvpp; AXnmm [mnImZiw hnizknpIq
Sm hgnImnbmbntmIpw. Fm BNmc{Iafpw hnIm
c- fpsS \nb{Whpw _pnbpsS km[n]-Xyhpap,
kzm- ]camb hynXzns kpNnXXzn \np
apn t\Sn BtmIj- ntebvp \bnp, al
mb Znhy]-Xnbn ]mfnIsf \nebv v \msamw
\nccw {]hnpsImncnp Fm BNmccq]-
fpw [mnI- fmWv; CXn\p hn]- coXambh A[m
nI-fpw, B-kwb-ahpw DZmcXbpw IcpW- bpamWv
kKpW- . hepssI sNpXv CSpssI Adn
bcpXv F XXzw Cu hmIy- fn {]ISnnpp. ""{i
tbmSpIqSn Zm\w sN- Ww, A{i-tbmSpIqNn Zm\w sN
cpXv, [mcmfw Zm\w sN-Ww, e-tbmSpIqSn Zm\w
sNWw. `btmsS Zm\w sNWw, klm\p`qXntbmsS
Zm\w sNWw'' OtmtKym]-\nj-n (Viii17) X]-v,
Zm\w, B-hw, Alnwk, kXykX FnhbmWv
kZmNmccq]- - fmbn ]d-bsncnp-Xv. GsXnepw arK-
I K
N P
17
kr-jvSnsb lnwknbvm aSnpXpw, \mbmSnnSn
apbnSmhns\smn hyk\w tXmp- Xpw, Cs
NnmK- Xn-bn AXni-mepfmb kv {XoP\v
tN hnImcZu_- ey- amtbmw. Fm D]-\nj-p
Ifn arKkrjvSnIsf kv t\lnpXv Hcpa [
ambn KWnsSpp. `qapJ- p `mcXob [im
kv{Xns kma\ycq]-amWv. \mbmnmbn Hcp am\ns\
sImpXpw hnt\mZn\p am{Xw Hscensb D]-{Zhn
pXpw A]-cm[amWv. hnImcsf Pbnm Nne
tm khnti- j-amb B-\nb-{Ww hn[nppv.
`mc-Xob NnIm a\v ico-cs B{i- bn-ncn-
bvpp F hnizmkap- hcmWv ; AXpsImh a\
ns ]cnipn BhiyamsWp \ntinpp. hmk
\IfpsS \nb-{Ww kztbm \StXmWv. AXv
kw`mhy- asn \n- ambn \nb-{nepw Nne
tm ]Xnhpv. X]v AYhm \n- amb hk\m
\nb-{Ww, \ymkw AYhm kwK-]-cnXymKw Ch cpw
Xn t`Zw I]nncnpp. X]v Xmgv ]Snbn
ep hm\{]-p-XmWv; AtX kabw \ymkw
k\ymknbvp- XmWv. GIm{K-X, [ym\w \nZn[ymk\w
apXembh tbmK-N-cy-Ifpw A\phnt--Xp-v.
""{]m hmns\ a\nepw a\ns\ _pnbnepw
hnebnnWw.'' [ym\hpw GIm{K- Nn-\hpw a\xipn
p]- IcW-ambpw ]d- ncn-pp. Fm hnNm-cfpw
AapJ-amn Cuizcs\s Nnnm Pohmm
tfmSv I]nncnpp. Cuizc\n \nv A\p{Klw
e`nm\; Cuizct\mSv XmZmyw {]m]nm ! F-
m Cu [ym\mhnXamb PohnXns B-{]
ljmh t]mepw Xobmbpw bYmXbn\n
p Hscmgnpamde. AXv ]Zm-fpsS ]ca
kXys Idnbm Ignhpmp D]-IcWw am{X
amWv. ""aqbpw kqvaXbpap a\psImp am{Xta
Cuizcs\ ImWm Ignbp.'' {_-Ncyw, Kml- yw,
hm\{]-w, k\ymkw Fnns\ \mem{i- a hn[n
bvs-ncnbvpp. {Ian AhbneqsS ISpt]mbn
a\pjy\v kmwkmcnIaew \on Xs ipammw.
Atmtg a\pjy Xs BymnIamb hmktK-l
n tIdm Al-\mIppp.
kap-Zmb- tmSp Ihy- -sfmw ]q-ambn
\nlnp Ignm Hmtcmcppw kwkmcn
\np hnc\mb hn{iaw tXSm hn[nbpv. a\pjy-
PnhnXns Ahkm\s ]SnbmWnXv. [mnIamb
BNcWhpw t{]aabamb PohnXhpw \bnp X]-kzn
bmb ]cn{hmPI kmwkmcnI{]- tem`\-fn \np
ap- \mbn ]c- tem- I- tbv p Zrjv Sn Xncnp- p.
\njvIfhpw `n ]q--fpamb `mcXnse ap\nNn
\nXy-ku-cy-ns kz]v\- fmepw A\izc
kwKo- Xns {]Xn -[z\nIfmepw \nccw BIrjvS-
fmbncnbv pp. Ah B ]camZi- ns ASpm
Wv. AXns AkvXnXzm-emIrjvScm-Ihw
\s ASpmWv \npXv. \apsXmcp kz]v\am
Imw. Fm Ah PohnptX B kz]v\nemWv.
AXpsImhXv X AhKWnp Xp `uXn
Iksbmtfsd bmYmyamWv. X]-kznsb kw_-
ntStmfw Bmhn\pw icocn\pw ISn\amb ]cn
io-e\w ITn\amb km[\-hn[nnpv. AXp knn
ht Ccw BZi- PohnXw \bnbvm\mhq. \njvIr
jvSamb ]cnipnbpw AIn-\XzhpamWv X]-kznbpsS
PohnXs `cntXv. Ab a-hkv {Xw [cnbv
Ww. incp apWvU\w sNbvXv sXcphpsXn `Ww
bmNnbvWw. Bmhn\p hn\bw hcpm\p D]-I
cW-- fmWnh. \nXy\nbX-fmb {]m-\Ifpw D]- hm
kfpw A\pjvTnbv pI hgn Bmhn\v \nXym\]-
Zhnbntepb-cphm Ignbpp. hnipnbpw hn\bpam
sWmcp X]- kznsb alm\mnopXv ; Ipie\mb
Hcn-{Pmemcs ssIb-S-nep kmaytam
hmtXmmZmcs kz]v \w ImWm\p Ignthm A.
Imaw, t{Im[w, hmk\, C Fnh hnpbv ip\m
bncnp- XpsImmWv X]kzn alzw t\Sp- Xv . Pohn
ncns A\pjv Tnp Cu BmlpXn Hcmv B
l- Xy-tb-m ITn\amWv. acWw Ffp- amWv. `mcs-
Xv PohnXamWv. kmaqly _-fn \np c-s-
Sm thn hoSpw kapZmbhpw Dt]-np- XpsImv
Hcm icnbmb k\ymknbmIpn; PohnXn ]cm
Pbw ]nb-XpsImp am{Xw k\y-knh\pw bYm
k\ymknbmIpn. Cu Ahkm\s Xcm k\ym
km{i- an\msI A]-am\w hcppp. B-kwbaw
sNbvXv [mnIho--W-neqsS am\-hkaq-ln\p
thn IjvS- f\p`hnp- h\mWv bYm k\ymkn.
PohnX]-cn{i- aamsIs \psS Al-mcw XpSp
\on \s ]cnipcmm thnbp-XmWv . B{i-a
hy- hIfpw apw BtmXnv klmb-IamIm
thn GsSpnb ]XnIfpamWv. As\ Krl
m{ian\p tijw ]cn{hmPIPo-hnXamWv hn[nn
cnpXv. B-m\n Xs Fm kzmXm]cy- -
fpw shSnv ]cn{hmPIk\ymknbmbno-cWsav
D]-\nj-pI tLmjnpp, ""{_mW B- m
\nIfmbn `mhnkm\]c- cbpsS B{K-lhpw, hyn
]- camb kzpssIh-in\p B{K- l- hpw, euInI
amb sFizcy- p B{K-lhpw ssIshSnv ]cn
{hmPIcmbn k- cn-bvpp.'' {]mNo\ `mc-X-n
k\ymkn \n\\pw AIn- \\pamsW- nepw, bmsXm
c[nImchpw inbpansncnnepw, km{amPym[n]m
IqSn Im IpnShn[w m\hpw _lpam
\hpw hlnncpp. ]cnipPohnXn\v A{Xbpw _lp
am\mZc- fpmbncpp.
lnpaXns apJye-W-amb B{i-a[w Pohn
Xns Fm hipw B-in hfn PohnXw
]q-amm {ianpp. AXv sshhmlnIPohnXn\v
Hcpsa \nebn ItTmcamb ]cnipn AYhm {_
Ncyw thWsap \njv Ijnppv . D]-\nj- Zv {ZjvSm
fpsS A`n{]mb- n hnhmlw Hcp [mnI kwkvIm
camWv; Cuizctk-hm]- -XnbmWv. Kml-y-ns
Bm\amb Krlw Hcp hnjpthZnbmWv; aX]camb
bmsXmcp NSpw []- Xv\nsb ]sSpnbvmsX
]qnbmhn. Zm- Xyhpw ]nXrXzhpw hgnbmbn Hcm
I K
N P
18
a\p- jy- kv t\- l- n- tbpw IpSpw- _- _- - n- tbpw
AgIpw B\hpw XnIpw A\p`hnpIgn tijw
hniz]u-cs Db ]Zhnbnsem thn {Ian
KrltmSpw IpSpw_tmSpap _-fn \nv
kzmX{yw t\Sm ]cn{i-anW-sapw hn[nncnpp.
_paXw `mcXob lrZb--fn kpncambn m\
apd- n- bvp- -Xn ]cmP- b- s-n- p- sn AXn\p
ImcWw AXv {_Ncys Kmlytm AXyp
-X\nebn sImpshXpw aptbmKy- XItfm Al-
Xtbm t\mmsX Fmhtcbpw Db kXymkm{ia
ntebv v sNm A\phZn-XpamWv. k\ymknI
PmXn, [\w, ]ucXzw CsXmpanm Bobamb Hcp
ktlmZcy- m]\amWv. kvt\l-ntbpw tkh\n
tbpw kti-sf {]kmZ`mhn {]NcnnpIbm
W- Xns Dtiyw. `qanbn hnipnbpsS kucy-n
\pw, hn\bns inpw, AIn-\Xzns B\
n\pw, tkh\ns kzmX{yn\pw kmnIfmbn
k- cnp CuizcZqXmcmW-h.
PmXnbpsS \nb-a kapZmb-tmSp Ihy-
sf hn[npp. a\pjy X\np hn[n Ihy-
I Fmbmepw A\pjvTnWw. tbmKy-XI
t\mn AhbpsS ASnm\nemWv Ihy- I
hn[n- np- - Xv . {_WXzw knnpI Pw
sIm BNcWwsImmsWp KWns-ncnpp.
XpSp ]d- bp IY kXys sXfnbnpp.
Pm_m-e- bpsS aI kXy- Im- a Xs Asb
kwt_m[\w sNbvXp ]dv : ""At Rm {_Ncyw
Zon-bv m\m-{K-lnp-p. Rmt\Xp tKm{Xmc-\m
Wt''
A aIt\mSp ]dp: ""Fs Ipo, \ns tKm{X
taXm-sW- s\ndnpIqSm. sNdp-n Hcp Zmkn
bmbn Rm\panpw \Sncp ImemWv \ns
K`w [cnXv. AXpsImv \o GXp tKm{XamsW- s
\ndnbn. Fs t] Pm_mesbmWv. \o kXy-Im
a\mWv. AXpsImv kXy- ImaPm_me\mWv Rms\p
\n\v ]d- bmw.''
kXy-Ima lcn{Zpams ]p{X\mb KuXas ASp
sNv ]dp:
""`K- hm, Rm AhnSps ASp {_Ncyw
Zonm\m{K-lnpp. Rm AhnSps ASp hc
stbm?''
KuXa tNmZnp : ""tl tkmay, \o GXp tKm{X
n s]h\mWv ?''
kXyIma ]dp : ""`K- h, F\nbvdnpIqSm,
Rmt\Xp tKm{Xn s]hs\v F\nbvdnpIqSm,
Rm\- tbmSp tNmZnp t\mn. A- bpsS adp]Sn C-
s\bmWv: "Rms\s sNdp- n Hcp ]cnNmcnIsb
\nebn Apanpw Aep Xncnncp Ime
mWv \ns K`w [cnXv. \ns tKm{XtasXp ]d-
bphm km[ya. Fs t] Pm_mesbmWv; \o kXy
Ima\mWv ' AXpsImv `K- h Rm kXymIma Pm_m
e\mWv .''
KuXa kXy-Imat\mSp ]dp: ""icnbmb Hcp
{_mW \msX Cs\ kXyw sXfnp ]d- bm\m
hn. AXpsImv thKw sNv An Pzennq. Rm
\n\v ZomIw \Smw. \o kXyamn \npw
]ng- -h\.''
hnhn[`mK- se abs-Spm\pw ASnXpcp h-
sshc-tfbpw sshapJy- tfbpw AIm\pamWv D]-\n
jZv Zi\ Xp\nbp- Xv . Cuizc Fmhcnepw Hcp
t]mse hym]nncnp A-cymanbmb BmhmWv.
AXpsImv Fmhpw Hcp t]mse kXys {Kln
bv m Ignbpw; Fmhcw Hcpt]mse kXy-m\w
A[y-b\w sNm A[nImcnIfpamWv. {Xnb-cpsS
{]Xn\n[nbmbn k\Ipamc {_W- \mb \mcZs\
]Zm- - fpsS ]caclkyw [cnnpp. Db XXz
m\hpw [hpw Hcnepw {_mW- hn\p
am{Xw HXpn \npX. AKm[amb B[ymnI
{]- iv \sf hni- Zo-Icnp ]Tnnp {Xnb-cmPm
mscn \mw {K- fn hmbnpp. XXzm\s
kw_- n hmZ{]-XnhmZmbn [mnIktf\
\Snbncp P\I\pw APmXi- {Xphpw {Xnb-
cmPmmcmbncpp. Xo{hamb _unIPo- hnXns
ImeL- -ambncpp AXv . km[mcW-mIqSn Zmi- \nI
{]-iv\- fn Xm]cyw ImWnphp. Pv Rm\nI \mn
etmpantmpw imkv{XNImbn Dml]qw
k-cnpsImncpp. D]-\nj-pIfpsS kmZIm
cmb {_Wv {Xnbm Kthj-W-- fn {][m\
amb ]s- Sp- p- p- sp k- Xn- - hn[w
Bm-amb kXy-k- Xbp-mbncpp. kv {XoI
PohnXn\p thnbp kwLjs kw_-nt
Stmfw Ghpw kpcnXIfpw B{inXIfpambncpp
shnepw tam-{]m]vXnp BymnIk-acn
Ahv ]pcpj--tcmSv Xpey-amb A[nImcmhImi-
fpmbncpp. ssat{Xbnbpw KmKnbpw Bobamb Kw`o
c{]- iv\-sfpdnv imkv{XhmZw \Smdpmbncp;
Zi-\-sfpdnp \Sp Nmktf-\-fnepw
]sSpmdpmbncpp.
D]-\n- j- p- I m\s tamtm-]m- b- ambn
Dun ]d-bp-ps-pXv bYm-amWv . ""XcXn
timIw Bmhn'' B- m\n Fm timI- tfbpw
XcWw sNpp. ""{_hn {_ssh `hXn'' {_
m\n {_w Xs Bbno-cpp. D]-\nj- pI
m\ns alXzneqn \npIbpw Fm kZm
Nmc-tfbpwAXns ]qhnIfmbn IcpXpIbpw
sNpXp sImv D]- \nj-pI m\spdn
p AXypmlw \nanw Cmi- nsb AXns
m\p\nv Xcw Xmgv pp Fp ]d- bp hnai-
Imcpv. m\nIv kZmNmcw hfsc Imcy-ap-
sXmpa Fv Dd-np ]d- bp Ubqk Am\n
Ipw AXmhiy- an Fp ]noSp ]d-bpp. ""tam-
{]m]vXn sImhcpp m\w t\Sp- Xn kZmNmcw
klmbnpXv {]Xy-ambn; A{]-Xy- - ambn am{X
amWv klmbnpXv. Fsm Cu PvRm\w apn
m Hns DNnXamb D]- Ic-W-fm DmItem
I K
N P
19
Dms- Stem A. Cu m\w A\mZnImeambn
\nXy-hkvXphmbn \ne\np hcp Hns A\p`qXn
am{XamWv .'' Fm D]- \nj-pI m\s i_vZ
ns kpNnXamb A-n tam-{]m]vXnv
HmtIm]mb-ambn kzoIcnbvpn. ""Bmhns\ thZ
m\w sImpam{Xw {]m]nm Ignbn. hnm\w
sImpw hfsc A[nIw ]TnXpsImpw {]m]nm
Ignbn.'' kXy-amb PohnXnemWv Du. m\
tmsSmw [hpw XpSpmbncnbv-Ww. {_
m\w t\Sm\m{K- lnph\v F{XXs inbmb
Dm-lhpw Pnmk-bpapm-bncpmepw kZmNmcw,
[\njvT Fo cp tbmKyXIfpansn {]thiw
e`nbvpIbn. m\sam tIhew _pnbpsS Ign
h Fp \mw hni- Zamtnbncnpp. B- t_m[
amWXv. {_Pnmkphns a\v A[nIw N-e
ambnqS; ]cam- kbn {i sNepm Ign
bm hn[w kmwkmcnIhnj-b- - fn kwen]vXhpambn
q- Sm. Cuizc`nsImhs lrZbw ]hn{Xhpw B\
`cnXhpambncnWw. Cuizcimkv{Xn hnZKv cmb
Ejnam injy-msc Xncs- SpW-san AXn\pap
mbn Nne injy-msc Ipsd- metmfw kZmNmcZo-
bvpw [mnIamb ASn\pw \nb{Wn\pw
hnt[b-cmtIn hXmbn AdnhmIpp. {]iv t\m]- \n
j-n ]n- emZaljn Bdp {_Pn-mkpsf
Hcp hj- tbvp IqSn IqSpX ASn\pw B-
\nb- {W- n\pw hnt[b-cmbn hnm aSn Ab-
ncpp. OmtmtKym]\nj- n Kpcp kXyImam P_m
es\ ]ip]me\n\mbn tLmch\mc- fntebvb
Xmbn ]d-bpp. GIm[ym\hpw {]IrXnkhpw
hfp- Ibmbncpp CXnptiyw. D]-\nj- pI
\njvIjnbvp m\w B-inbpsS kPo- h\n
b-aamb {i AYhm hnizmkamWv. hrw ^enp
t]mses PvRm\hpw IneqsS A`nhy-am
IWw. m\w \app e`np Ignm kXyw ssIh
- Xmbpw AXns\ kzmbamnbXmbpw AXn\m \mw
]cnh\w sN-s- - Xmbpw IcpXs- Spp. ""ZpcmNmc
n \np ap\pw, im\pw, kamlnX\pam,
lrZb-n imn hncmPnmHcp hynXv km[y
amhn. AXmbXv m\w sImp am{Xw {_{]m]vXn
bpmIm h.'' AXpsImp cmam\pP m\
ns hyJym\n [ym\w, kam[n, D]mk\, ]qP
F- nhbv pw m\w \Inbncnpp. m\n
\nv kZmNmcs ]pd- nsmp hymJym\n\v
Hcp \ymbo-I-cWhpw ImWpn. Bm-hn-t\mSp
sFIy`mhw A`nhy- amIpnsn Acw tIhe
I A]-cym]vX- fmsWv D]-\nj-pIfqn
d- bpp. ""A, BmhnnhnsS almb Nne hnip
I \nd- thm\psv Adnhp-h\snepw
AbmfpsS Iw HSphn hn\jvSamIpw. Hcm Xs
Bmhp am{XamWv kXy-sav a\nemn, Btm
]mk\ \Sppshn AbmfpsS Iw HSphn hn\
jvSamIpw. Hcm Xs Bmhv am{XamWv kXy-sav
a\n-emn, Btm]mk\ \Sppshn Abm
fpsS Iw hn\njvSamIpn. Abm B{K-lnp
sXtm AsXmw Cu Bmhn \np e`npp.''
I m\k- l-IrXambn A\pjvTnWsamWv
Cu kqw \njvIjnp- Xv . kmXnimbnbmb ]c
akbn {ihnizmk-tfmSp IqSmsX A\pjvTn
p tIheI Zp-e-fmIpp. a\pjys
bYmeyw tIhew bm{nIamb k
sImv t\Sm IgnbpIbn. Fm I- fnepw bm
\pjvTm\fnepw {InbmIem]- -fnepw Btm-Xnbp
mIpp. Fm AhnsS A\hpambn XmZmyw
{]m]n- p- sIm- - W- sa- n- . kXy- amb Bm- hns
lnXs ]pjvSnsSppI F GIhnNmctmsS
Fm Ifpw A\p-jvTnWw. Cuizc-\nmsX
\psS PohnXn\p ey-an. k-bn, B{i-b-hp
an. Cl- temIpw ]ctemIpw A[nIW- n
\ In-W- sa H DtiytmsS A\pjvTnp I
Iem]-- tfbpw b- bmKmZnItfbpw D]- \nj- pI
A]-e]nbv ppv. ]ctemIp Hmlcn [\w (sj-
b) hmt\m Cuiz- c-\p- ambn Hcp _mp- I- W-m-
cw`nmt\m D DtiytmsS BIcpXv \w Ihy-
If\pjvTnpXv. {_mW- fn IhyI
sf kw_-np {]I-Snn A_p-n]qIamb
Ccw Bi-b- sf {]Xntj- [npsImp D]- \nj-p
I Hc\nhmcy- kXys Dunbpd- nppv. Fm
eh "Ifpw m\hpw Xn _an; m\w
am{XamWv tam-km[\w' F aXs ]nmpn
. m\I-fpsS kapb-amb Hcmo-IPo-hnX
sbmWv D]- \nj- pI \njvIjnp-Xv.
[mnIamb Cu knnbpsS kw`mhyXXs-bmWv ,
Fm kZmNmc- fptSbpw ]q[mcW. AXnmsX kZm
Nmc]camb \psS A`nemj- \ndth Ignbp
sapd- n. B]-pIfpw `b-fpw tcmK- fpw acW-
fpw Fmw \psS apnepv. Fmepw {]ISamb
AkmwKXy-fpw ]ckv ]- chntcm-[hpw shpsImpw,
Fm hkvXpfpw {]hnpXv Ahkm\ambn \-
bv pthnbmsWp hnizmkw \apv Dmlhpw
ktmjhpw \Ipp. kZmNmcn\v aXns AwKo
I- cWw Bh- iy- ap- v . hniz- n- ep- sXmw icnbm-
sWpw a\pjys hnPbw A\nhmcy- amsWpw Cuiz
c \ap - p - d- p- X- cp- p. ""a\p- jys AZr- iyhpw
Aaqhpw AhmNyhpw AKm[hpamb B Hn Xs
kam[m\hpw hn{i- am\hpw IpIgnm Ah\p
kam[m\w e`nbvpp. AXnsesnepw CSaptm
th]mtSm Dsp AwKoIcnm Ah\p ]ns Akz
Xbmbn; anhmdpw X\nsmadnbmsap IcpXp
HcmfpsS AkzX!''aX]- camb Cu Ddp Inngn
mns ]cnnXnbpsS kn\pw a\pjys
A{IaIrXypw \s Akzcmm Ignbn.
FXncmfnIp \psS a\n t{Im[hpw -Ddpw Df
hmm\mhn. kZmNmcn\pt{]cW \vIpXp aX
am- Wv . aXns ASn- m- \- n- e- s- n ]ns
\apnm Ftm Hns\pdnp Fspw {]b-
Xv\satm , Ahkm\anm B{K-lsatm \ncc
amb hfsbtm Hs Bhpw kZmNmcnw.
aXnemIs CsXmw A\p`hknamIpp; k^-
I K
N P
20
ehpw B\ab- hpamIpp. Atm Pohmmhns
Zueyw \opp; Pohmmhn\p hnti- j-amb al
Xzhpw \nlnbvms\mcptiyhpw Dsphcpp. Hcn
bveot_m[apZnpIgnm ]ns icoc_- - amepw
icn XpSmepw icn, a\pjy AXns\pdnp DZm
ko- \\mIpp. Ah kmcamw kpK- aamtWm ITn
\amtWm F Nnbpw Ah\n. a\pjy\v kXym\p`q
Xn- bp- m- Ip- - tXmsS Ahs ]m]- AIse
\opp; ]mdbvsdn apcpft]mse Ah kzbw
XIp \inbv pp.
aXPohnXs kw_np Cu apJykXyw \n`m
Kyhim `mcXobhnNmc- sfn ]Tnbvp ]e anI
]Wv UnXm t]mepw thhn[w a\nempn. D]-
\nj-pIsf hnainhcn Ghpw B[p\nI\mb
tUmIvS lyqw A`n{]mb-s- Spp: ""D]-\nj- knm
hpw {KopImcmb EjnamcpsS knmhpw Xn
m\w t\Snb-h kzm`mhnIambn kcn{X\mIptam
AYhm m\- \ns ]cnWmaw kKpW- ]q-
amb PohnXw XsbmtWm F Imcy- n henb aX
t`-Zapv. ChnsS Ipdmm\w t\Sngnm
]qmnX]m]-fpw bYm-nenmXmIppv !
"henb ]m]amsWp tXmpXpw' m\anmh
sNbvXm \nyhpw ^en B]chpamb ]m]
, inm`bw IqSmsX ktmNw hnp \nccw
sNbvXpsImncnm B- m\n\phmZapv.'' D]-
\nj m\w B[ymnIamb ]WvUnXytam hmZ{]-
XnhmZ]chpw, JWv U\aWvU\mIhpamb kqvass\
]pWytam Aspw AXv ktm- Xamb ksb
hnizlrZb-n ktm]- cninbmbn {]Xy- o-Icn
bvemsWpw \mw BZyta ]dp Ign-npv. a\p
jy{]- IrXn sskmnIambpw {]mtbmKnIambpw cp
hn[nepw ]cnh\w sNbvXpIgnm am{Xta Cu
Bo-bm\p`qXn {]m]nbvm Ignbq. lyqw ]d- bp
""Ipdm m\w t\S'' lrZb-ipn hhp
am{Xta km[y- aIq. Ahp ]q- kzmX{y- apv. ""B
Db \nebn Hcp I I- \; sImebmfn sIme
bmfnb; ]pWy-]m]- -fhs\ ]nXpScpn-. Fs
m Abm Atmtgpw lrZb-nse Fm ZpxJ-
hnImc- sfbpw hnPbnp Ignncnpp.'' kzX{\v
bmsXmcp \nb{W-hpanmsX Fpw kzw sNmw;
]t Cu kzmX{yw ""tXmnbXp sNm\p {`m
Xm\pw.'' {_kmmmchmZn X\npXmt\ \nb-a
hn[mXmhmIpp; Abm X\npw Xm hknp temI
n\pw {]`phmbnocpp. \nb-a\nmWhpw \nb-{
- Whpw X- fpsS a\xkmnbpsS t{]cWbvsmv BN
cnbvmhp thnbp-XmWv. Fm kzm
amb Alw`mh-fn \npb- hv kZmNmcw Pohn
Xns \nXy_-- \bmbno- cpp; \nbaw t{]an
]q-ambn \nlns- Spp. Ah ZpjvIw sNp
Isb-Xv kw`mhyta A. ]pdsa \np kw
B-co-Iamb kzoImcambn ]cnW- anpp. [mnI
PohnXw {]m]np-Xphsc kZmNmc \nbaw a\pjy
IjvSsp sRcpn A\pkcntp ]pdsa \np
Hcp{K-imk-\ambntmpw. shfnw Inngnmtem
]ns- bXv A\mbmkambn Dml- ]- qw AdnbmsX
{]hnp Bmhns klPamb BcPohnXw
Xs- bmbn ]cn- W- anp- p. Hcp Ejn- bpsS Iw
Bmhns kv^qnbntebv v Xsm km
kzmWw sN-emWv; AmsX ]pdsa \nv Npa
s- Sp \nb-asf a\paSptmsS A\pkcn-e.
In\p ]pckv Imcw Imwnm, hogvNbv p
insb `b- anm, Hcp \nkzm-nbmb Bmhns
kzX{amb t{]cW \mw ImWpp. ]c- cmK- X-fmb
N-fpw NSpIfpw _mly- amb Ihy- fpw kZm
Nmc \nbafpw Abmsf kw_- ntStmfw \nc-
IamWv. Bmhv B ]cam\n tNv ]cnXpjvS
\mIpp; kakvX ]Zm- - fptSbpw sFIys Zin
bvpp; \mw hyn-]- cambn \psS Bmhns\
kv t\lnbvp t]mses AXv kakv X {]]- -
tbpw kvt\ln- p- p. ""kYm ]q-amb Hcp
k`mh\ Cs\ hnjb-\njvTamb, AXmbXv kZmNm
cw- kw- _- n- bmb \nb- a- - [o- \- ambn {]hn-
bvt _m[y- Xbp- Xmbn hnNmcnm IgnbpIbn.
Fsm AXns B-\njvTamb kwL- S\ ImcW
ambn kmZmNmckz`mhw sImp Xs AXns \nbw
hcpm Ignbpw. AXpsImv Cuizcobamb Cbv v
AYhm s]mXphn AXy--ipamb Cm-inv
]noSp Bmcq-]n Hcp t{]cW Bhiy-an.
"Ahiy Ihyw' ChnsS Am\mWv. Fsm
Cmivnbpw \nb- ahpw ChnsS Ahiyw GImImcambn
- gn- n- cnp- p.'' kmZm- Nmc \nb- a- AXns
{]Xy {]IS\amWv ; AXpsImXns\ _n- pn
. Ghwhn[\mb ]cammhv KpW- -fpsS hn[mZmhpw
kzcmpamWv . AXmbXv kzbw \nb- akz- cq]\mWv. hnizc
N\bpsS ]Xnbn aqpXcw kXz-fpv. (1) kzbw
\ne\nev]npw pSm\pw thn {]hnp-
h; kz {]m]vXnsb Imwntm \cI`bw aqetam
kzmtmtiytmsS Fsnepw sNp A[am.
(2) \nb-a-fdnbp- hcpw X-fpsS Bmhn\v sshcp
y`mh\bp-XpsImv \nba- fpsS ]cn[nIpn
CWn HXpn \nm IjvSsv AXy[zm\w sNp
-hcpw. (3) PohnXkwLj- n hnPbw {]m]nv imn
t\Snb hnizc-Im. A- cm PohntXmtiy- s
n XnIpw A`n- cmWv. hfsc hnNmcsSmsX, sRcp
anmsX, B Dtiyn-\pIqeambn Ah \nccw
{]hn-p-sImncnpp. kt-lhpw _pnappw
t\cnSp Imcyfn Ihy- \njvTcmb {_m
\nI XZhkc-fn BNcnp- t]mse BNcn
bvm D]-\njpI \tmSv Bm]np- t]mse
BNcnm D]-\nj- pI \tmSv Bm]nbv p
p. Cu almm \- {X {]Imiw hnXdp
t]msebpw, ]q kuc`yw s]mgnp t]msebpw
kzbw AdnbmsX Xs X- fpsS ssZ\nII-f\p
jvTnpsImncnbvpp. Fm a\pjypw thW- sa
pshm Cu knn ssIhcpm Ignbpw. Cuizc
t\mSv HmbntcpI kw`mhy- amsWv m]nm
AXns hmkv XhnIXXs- bmWv {]amWw. a\p-jy\p
ki- \mb ]cammhnt\mSv XmZmyw {]m]n
I K
N P
21
A\p`hw XsbmWv. {InkvXyZmi-\nImcpsS A`n
{]mb-n a\pjy-\n Cuizc ]q-ambn A`nhy-
- ambnmWpXv tbip {InkvXphns hynXzn
am{XamWv. Cuizcs kq-amb Hu-Xyntebvp
b- cphm\p kw`mhyX Fm a\pjycnepw IpSnsImp
psv D]-\nj- pI tLmjnbv pp. {]bXv\nm
ehv B DX ]Zhnbnsemw.
kZmNmc \njvT kzbtah Hcp eytam Dtiytam
A. AXn s\ \mw \p sS ]q Pohn Xambn
DsmffXpv . CXn\v am{XamWv ktm]cn
alXzapffXv. ]caey-n\pthn kzX{y tkh\
sa iphnNmcw hp tIdnb- tm m\{`wiw kw`
hn Hcp \nb-ahn[nsb AStmsS A\pkcn
emWnhnsS kZmNmcambn \npXv . B kzX{ tkh
\amIs ]q-{_-tmSp AsslXpI`nXs-
bm-Wv. Cu Ah--bn Pohmmhv ]cam-m-hn
hnebw {]m]nbvpp. Fm Cu ey-{]m]vXnp
hgnsbmcpp kZmNmc]-camb ITn\m[zm\w Hcnepw
hy-amIbn.
aXt_m[w
aXw apJy- ambn PohnXtbpw A\p`h- tfbpw
kw_- np ImcyamWv. aXt_m[w hfm aqp
am-- fmWv D]-\nj-pI \ntinpXv ; {ihWw,
a\\w, \nZn[ymk\w. {ihWw tI- dnbpIbpw a\\w Adn
- Xns\-pdnp NnnpI-bpamWv . GIm{K-l- ambn
apgpIn [ym\nemWv \nZn[ymk\w. Hmas Ah
bmb {ihWw aXPo-hnXn ]mc- cy-n\p
m\s kqNnnpp. kmam{X\mb Cuizc\n
hnizmkZo sImm GsXnepw Xcnep ]c
-cmK- Xamb Hcp Znhy- t{]- cW BhiyamWv. ""{]Xym
\p`q-XnbnmsXXs Cuizckbn hnizknh
A\pKrlo-XcmIpp.'' A[nI]w BfpIfpw ]mc-
cynepw {]Xo- I- fnepw (hn{K- lmZnI) Xn\np
IbmWv. D]- \njknmn-\pkcn aXw ]mc-
cyhmZhpambn Hcp hn[nepw sXn[cnbvs-pIq-Sm.
\nccamb _unI{]-bXv\w sImv ]mc- cy- ns
apJyms AYhm AXneSnb kXys \mw a\
nemm {i- anbvWw. cmas AhbnemWv
bpn- hn- Nm- c- ns Bh- iy- IX ]d-b- s- n- p- ff- Xv .
BZys Ahbn tIhesamcp [mcWbmbn kzoI
cnXv Ctm XmnI\n- bambnocpp. kXys
AdnbpI bYmksb {]m]nbvesp Xo
bmWv. Db Xcnep aXt_m[n\v bYm
k A\pam\hnj-b-ambm t]mc, kmmcnbv
s- SpIXs thWw. bYmkbpsS CuZriamb
A\p`-hn\p, A\sw_-n Ccw t_m[
n\v Xco-Xnbn\nv kYm `n-amb Hcp hnNm
c]Xn hfphtcXpv. \nZn[ymk\w Asn
[ym\aX XmnIhnNmcs [mnIm\p`qXnbmbn
amm klmbnbvpp. Hcp ]s AXns\s-
bmWv Zi- \sap hnfnpXv. AXns\ kXy-ns
{Inbm- Iamb kmmmcn\p asmcp t]cmbn
apt AwKo-Icnnp-XmWv. AXv ""tPymXnWnXw
XmnIcoXym \njvIjnv ]Tn tijw GImn
]q-\n_v ZXbn \- {Xsf t\mn-smncn
bvpI Fp hnvam ]d-bp- Xpt]mse kzX{ambn
]q-amb GImnencpv t\tSnbncnpp. Hcp
XcneXp \mw Adnbm\m{K-lnp hkvXpsh \psS
a\n\p apn \nemWv. [ym\s hyhlmc
n Zpjnp ImWp aqmhbvtm A]-kar
Xnbvtm km[\kzcq]- ambn KWncpXv. a\ns\ hnj-
b-n ncamn \nm klmb-sa \nebn
am{Xta FSptXpp. hnNmcns Nm- ey- - sfm
Xpn \nn. CbpsS ]mfnbv p ISnmWnv, a\
ns\ \mw hnj- bnepdnpp; AXn\pntepn
d- pp; AXmbn XmZmyw {]m]npp. Cuiztcm]m
k\, kZmNmcw, kXymt\zjWw Chsbmw Bmhn
kXy-Po-hnXw m]nbv m klmbnbvpp. Dulm
t]mlmIamb a\v Cuizcksbpdnp \nZn[ym
k\w sNptm t{]amI`nbnep sshImcnI
kz`mhw Cuizc\ns kzbw ebnSpp. km[m
cWt]mse Atm hnjbw \fn \np ]pd- tabn
. B kabv \nJnekbnepw Hnp kv ^pcn
bvp AKm[amb Hc\`qXnbpmIpp. Cuizct\mSv
sFIyw {]m]npIbmtWm Fp IqSn tXmntmIpw.
D]mkI Xs D]mkytZhXtbmSp Xpeyambn hfsm
- sapp. hnjbw B kabp [ym\ns LSI
ambncnbvmsX [ym\nbvp-hs tNX\ Bbno-cp
p. a\ns cq]-amw, Hc-n PohnXkbpsS
HmsI cq]-am - -amWv; D]-\nj- pI ]c{_- ns ]c
am\ck- amb Axt{]- cWtbmsSmw A{]-[m\ tZh
XIfpsS Axt{]- cWsb--nbpw \app ]d- pXcp
pv. Ai-\ns hnj- b-p hyIXnXz
ns kpNnX`mhfpw ]cnanXnbpw Dmbncnpn
Stmfw ]caeyw {]m]nm Ignbn. \app {_
ambno-cW-san {_hnj-b-Iamb Ai\w
Xs thWw.
P]w, [ym\w, kZmNmcw, kXyhpw `mh\n`chpamb
Cuiztcm]mk\ Fnhbn \njvIjnp D]-\nj-
pIfnse DIrjvSamb aX[w ap aX-fnep-
t]mse ]mc- cy- -fmb ]nSnhmZfptSbpw am{nIam
bmPme- fptSbpw `mcm Ip\nnns Imcyw \mw
HmnbvtXpv . ]camk Ht Dp; AXv
hnizw apgps kzbw A`nhy-ampp F D]-\n
j- ns apJyXXzs Hcp ]gimTyhmZsap
]d- pIqSm. am\h _pnsm Ignbp Hcp ]c
ak- XyamW- Xv . imkv{Xntbpw Zi-\ntbpw ]ptcm
KXn AXnt\mSnSbpIb. AXns\ kanbvpt-bp
p. ]cammhn t{]ahpw BZc`mhhpamWv D]-\nj-
pIfnse aXw. C- cnep [ym\amWv B[ymn
I`n hnj- b-hnj-bnI Xnep t`Z`mhw [mn
Imthiw \nd lrZb-n shpcpIn ep]vXambn
t]mIppshpw AXw-Ko-I-cnbvp kwkm-cns
sFIyhpw ]q-XbpamWv D]- \njpIfnse aXns
ktmIrjvSXXzw. aX]-camb A`ymk- nepw \njv T
bnepw \mw {Ian tatempb-cpt- Stmfw D]m
kyhpw D]mkI\pw Xn XmZmyw A\p`htKmNc
I K
N P
22
amIpp; Ans\ cpw HpXs Bbno-cpp.
]noSv ]c- cmK- Xamb ktXmn D]mk\X
sbn. Atm ]c{_w kakvX hniznepw hym]n
bvpXpw a\pjymmhns\ Xn apgpInbvpXp
amb Hcko-assNX\y- sa \nebn A\p`thZy- ambn
o-cpp. \psS AXnhcpIsfmw XIcpp; a\p
jys A]q- Xbvv ImcW- amb tZmj- Xmt\
\opp. aXns eyw aXns kmXnim
bnXzw Xs! BZiaXw XtmsSmnv Bcw`n ssZzX
`mhs Iogv s- Sppp. aXkw_- nbmb D]mk\
`b-tmSp IqSn Bcw`nbv pp. `n, t{]aw, \nXy{_-
tmSp kmbqPyw ChbpsS am-neqsS aptmp
ISv Cuizc\pw Bmhpw At\ym\yw tNcp kam
[y- hbnsen hncanbvpp. ]qmh {]m]n
p-Xphsc aX]camb km[\I Bhiy- ambn AwKo
Icnbvs-ncn- bvpp.
D]-\nj- pI Hpw AwKo- Icnpnsv km[m
cW-bmbn ]d-phcmdpv. ""t{]an hknp-h
Cuizc\n hknp-Cu-izc Ah\nepw.'' Fm
bYm aXhpw Cuizcs\ A- cymanbmbn IcpXpp;
Ahn- Spp ]ca-\nKp-V\p-amWv.
tamw
D]-\nj-pIfpsS A`n{]mb-n m\ns
Dmhbn Pohmmhns Hcp hnt-jWw \Spp;
kzmab-amb GImInXzw HgnhmemWXv. Fme
sXmcnbv epw iq\y- Xtbm arXypthm A. ""HgpIp
\ZnI \macq]- -sfmgnv kap{Zn sNv A{]- Xy-
- amIp t]mse m\nI \acq]fn \np hnap
- cmbn ]cm]-c\mb Znhy]pcpjs\ {]m]npp.'' D]-
\nj-pI kpNnX\mb Pohmmhn\v ]cakbp
sv Hcnepw AwKoIcnpn. Xv AacXzw
e`nbv m-\mbn {]mnp- h Pohmmhns ]ca
ksb kzoIcnpp.kmPohnXnse bYmXXzw,
Pohmmhns {]IrXnbn kt{i-jvTambXv , A\
amWv . AXv `uXnIkbpsS AXncpIsf ewLnv Ap
dhpw Dd-p\npp. alXzns Hcwihpw Ipdbp
n. Cl- temIs an \mat\zjnp \SpXpw
A]q- cq]-n Isp-Xpamb [mn-Iaqey-
sf ktmmhbnseptm ]q-cq]- n
]cam-kz`mhn ImWm Ignbpp. a\pjy-sc
\nebn A]q-cq]-nte \apv BZi-sf {]m]n
m Ignbppp; AXpw Ai\ap kabv
Hcp ant]mse am{Xw. DmhbnemIs Ahsb
Ipav ]q-ambn tijnsmpanmhn[w apgph\m
bn, hnI]- \hnlo\w ]cn]q-ambn {]m]nm Ign
bpp. \apo temIn Inp B\w Znhym\
ns \ngemw am{XamsW- v, AXns Xpamb {]Xn
cq]- amsWv ssXcotbm]-\njv NqnmWnpp.
PohnXk- ap{Znse Fm IjvSmSpIfpw sRcpfpw
klnXn\ptijw \mw IcW- bpXv ]nWn InSp
NmtI-n-hcp Hcp acp-c- n- esp Xo- bm- Wv .
apmhsb Bmhns kq- {]-Imi-\ambn
KWnbvWw. ]c{_-s tIhew Hcaqkbm
bncpXp ]w Cuizc\ntebvpb-cpI F-Xn\v
iq\y- amb HcKm[Xbntebvp hogpI F- amIpw.
Atm a\pjy FntcpI k\minembncn
bvpw. Cu ]cnWmas kw_- nv D]\nj- pIv
X- ap- v . Dm-h {]km- Zhpw ltjm- m- Zhpw
\nd Hcp nXnbmWv; krjvSnbmb Poh krjvSn
sb \nehnv {kjvSmhnt\mSp tNcp, IrXy-ambn ]d-
m Xm {kjvSmhnt\mSv sFIyw {]m]np Ignp
shv A\p`hw hcp Hcm\-mh-bm-Wn-Xv . Cu
]q-Xsb DNnXambn hnhcnm \ssmmhn.
\mw AXn\v {]Xo- I-fp]- tbmKnbvpp. imizX Pohn
Xns kzcq]w Hcm\mhbmWv; ]q-kzX{
amb Hcp nXnbmWv; Pohmmhns kpJ-a-b-amb
hnkv Xm- c- amWv ; AhnsS kzhpw `qanbpw Hnp
tNsmgpIp-Xmbn tXmpw.
Pohmmhv ]cammhnt\mSv GImImc- ambn tNcpp
Fp ]d-bp `mK- D]-\nj-pIfn ]ebnSp
apv, ""{]Whw hnpw, Bmhv Apw, {_w AXns
eyhpamWv. A{]-a\mbh AYhm nX{]-
As--Ww. Av Fp- h Apt]mse Bbno-
cpp. ey-amb {_tmSv sFIyw {]m]npp.''
Bmhv {_w Xs Bbno-cpp. ChnsS Bm
hn\pw {_n\pw Xn ]q- amb XmZmyw Dd-n
p]dncnbv pp. hopw ""Ahn\minbmb {_
n Chsbmw Hmbntcpp.'' ""Ah A- c\mb
]cammhn kayIv {]Imcn nNnsNpp.''
""Ah k\pw kmm-hpamIpp.'' ""Ah
Fmnepw {]thinpp'' ap\mb Bmhv Fm
hkvXpfnepw {]thinbvpp; Fm hkvXpfpw `mh
cq]- n XmZmyw {]m]npp. ""Cu Bmhns\
{]m]nv Ejnam X t\Snb m\m kwXr
]v XcmIpp. X- fpsS Ihyw \n-ln-hcmbn
Fm Ima-fn\npw apcmbn, ]q-iatmsS
kK-\mb Bmhns\ k`mK- - fneqsSbpw {]m]nv
GIm{K- Nncmbn (bpmmfmbn) kcq]-amb
{_n {]thinbvpp'' kakvXhniztbpw k
{Kmlnbmb GIk- bn Dd- p\npXmbn A\p`
hnp-hv ZpxJ-t-imZnI-fpmIp-n. ""thZm
hnm\m kwi-b-tei- sat\y tbmw Dd-
p [cnhcmbn k\ymktbmKm ipkXzmcmb-
h {_temIsf {]m]npp. icocXymK- ns ka
b-mIs ]caamb Aac`mhw {]m]nv kYm ap
cmbno- cpp. apmmhnp Xm {]]ns
{kjvSmhmsWp ]db hn[w ]cammhnt\mSv
{]KmVamb sFIyt_m[apmIpp. ""Rm A- amWv.
Rm AmZ\mWv (`nph). Rm ImhmWv;
Rm IamWv. Rm cpw IqSnb-XmWv. (A-- n
tbpw AmZtbpw kwLmXImhmWv) Rm apv
(kXymkXy- cq]-Iamb PKn\papv ) P\nN-h\mWv.
Rm Cu {]]- - ns kwlm- c- Im- hp- am- Wv .
kqcy\p Xpeyw \nXy-{]- Imi- ap-XmWv Fs tPymXn
v . Rm Cu kwkmcntbpw Aacmcmb tZhm
cptSbpw tI{amWv.'' Cu kq-fn\nv a\nem
I K
N P
23
IpXv B Ahbn thdn hynt_m[ns
{]kntb CsmWv . AXpsImv B Dmh- bn
Ins {]iv\hpw D`-hnpn. CXv icocw
hnebw {]m]nv , a\v sIWv, khpw AXncn
m Ccpnemgvp t]mtb-Sv, tNX\miq\y- amb Hc
XnPohnemsWp tXmpw. \app thWsaneXns\
kz]v\-fnm Dd-satm, t_m[iq\yamb imn
sbtm ]d-bmw. bm-hIy ssat{Xbnv CXv hnh
cnp sImSppIbmWv: ""HcppI sh-nenm AXv
AenptNcpp. AXp]ns Hcpq- nsb- Spm Ign
bn. Fm B sh-n\nv GXp `mK- saSpp
t\mnbmepw Dp]pfnbpmbncnbvpw. bYm-n
almb Cu Bmhns nXnbpw CXpXsbmWv.
AXv A\amWv ; A]- cnanXamWv; m\ns ]q-
XbmWv. Cu Pohk- Xz- fneqsS CXp {]Xy- ambn. Ah
tbmsSmw Am\hpw sNpp. arXyphn\p tijw
tNX\mhkYbn.'' ssat{Xbn ]d- bpp: ""arXyphn\p
tijw tNX\bnsp ]d- bp A-bpsS hmpI
F\nbvp ]cn{`aapfhmpp.'' bm-hIy Dcw
\Ipp. ""]cn{`anbvtXmb Imcysampw Rm `h
XntbmSp ]d-ntm. CXp XnIpw a\nemmhp
kwK-XnbmWv. Pohn-Xn ssZzX`mhapmhptm
Hcmv asmcmtfmSv kwkmcnm Ignbpw, Hcmv
asmcmtfmSv kwkmcnm Ignbpw. at- bm ]d- bp
Xp tIm Ignbpw. Hcmv at- bmsfn hnNm
cn-bvm Ignbpw. Hcmv CX-c-s\-n A\pam-\n
bv m\pw Ignbpw. Fm Hmtcm ]Zmhpw Abm
fpsS Bmhmbngnm]ns FpsImv Bsc
m- Wm Ignbpw? Fp - sImv Bcp sS Kw
{LmWnpw? FpsIm- htcmSp kwkmcnpw? Fp
hgn-bmbn B ]d-bp-Xp tIpw? FpsImv
hnNmcw sNpw? Adnbpw? Cu kwkv Xhniztbpw Adn
bp Fp]- IcWw sImmWhs\ AdnbpI? k
hpadnbp Ahs\ FneqsSbmW- dnbpI?'' CXn \nv
Hcp Imcyw kv ]jvSamWv. \psS _pnv {Klnm
Ignbmhn[w Hcp {]tXy-Ico-Xbn Ihpw {]Xy-
- m\hpw Nnbpw t_m[hpw hnpsImmWv Pohm
mhv apn {]m]npXv. Chsbmw tIhew ssZzXm
Iamb Zi-\ns e-W- fmWtm, Cu I
hnj-bnIfpsS hntcm[`mhs B{i-bnmWv \ne
smpXv. Ahbvv kmt]- -ItemInte kw`m
hyXbpp. ]catemInsenbm Fm hn[w \m\m
Xzhpw ssZzX`mhhpw Akv Xanbvp-sap ]d- bpp.
AtXmsSmw Ah aqeapmIp {]Xy- -m-\hpw
Ifpw CmXmIpp. B Ahbn \nXy\pw
am- anm- - h-\p- amb Bmhp am{X-am- Wp- m-hp- I.
AXns ]qXbn Fm KXnIfpw \nebv pp;
Fm \ndfpw app. Fm i_vZfpw imamIp
p. apnbpsS \ntj- [mIhi- -fmWnh; koanX_p
nbv v {Klnm Ignbphbpw Chsbmss-
bmWv. hn[mbIamb Hcp hihpw IqSn CXn\pv. \psS
in ]cnanXamWv. AXp sImv ]cammhns ]q-
Xsb hnhcnbvm\mhn. FmenXp sImpam{Xw AXv
\ntj- [mIamb iq\yXbmbnsm-Wsan. \ntj-
[ZrjvSym t\mptm Pohmmhv Fmcw t`Z`mh
-tfbpw hnti- j-XItfbpw Hgnp AXpanXpanm
A\no-Xamb Hcp a[y-hkvXphmbn \nesImp
p. Ccw Imcy-- fn Ddw \Snp Ignbp A{i-
m bYm-n hfsc {InbmioecmImw. XmXznI
]- -n\v _ew sImSpm apmmhv ]q- X{]m
]n PohmmhmWp \apv a\nemm Ignbpw.
XnIpw ]cammhnt\mSv XpeyamW-Xns \ne. apm
mhv Xs Fm B{K-l-tfbpw \ndthnsmv
temImc- fn k- cnp-Xmbn {]Jym]np
kqnI apn {]m]n Pohmmv {Inbmio-e
amb PohnXapsv kqNnnpp. ""Cu temI-fn
k-cnpsImv , Cm\pkmcw `Ww IgnpsImv.
Cjv Sn\\pkcv \m\m BImc kzoIcnv kam
K- m\w sNbvXp sImp hncmPnpp.'' Fmepw Xm
]cammhnt\mSv sFIyw {]m]nncnpp F [mc
W-bpapv . OmtmtKym]- \nj- n\\pkcnp AacXzsa
m Xsm tZh{]-tZi- tbvv Dbn Fn
emWv. Cuizct\mSv kmlNcysamWv apWvUtIm]-
\njp ]d- bpXv. Cuizct\mSv ]cakmZriy-sapw
]dncnpp. hyn]-camb Ccw I km[y
amm thnbmWv Pohmmhv CuizcXpey\mIpp
Fp ]d- bs- np-Xv. ]ctamXamb ZibpsS kz`m
hspdnv F{XXs hyXy-kvXm-`n{]mb--fps
nepw Hcp Imcyw XobmWv. AsXmcp k{Inbmh
bmWv ; ]q kzX{XbmWv ; ]nc]qmhbpamWv;
IrXy-am-bnd- m \apmZisb hnsmnbvm
\mhn. C\n Fsnepsamcp hnhcWw IqSntb Ignbq
Fpsn AXns\ Znhy-PohnXns Hchmt`
Zsap ]d- bpXmhpw \Xv. kqcy- civanI kqcy-\n
ebnbvp t]msebpw, AeI kap{ZnsemXpp
- t]msebpw kzc Km\elcnbn CW-p- t]m
sebpamsX AXnepa[nIambn B-k hn\mi- aS
bpn. Pohmmhns kwKoXw kwkmcbm{Xbn hnep
]v X\mIpn,. AsXspw HpXs- bmWv , Fm
HXm\pw. apmmhv Fmnt\mSpw GImImcambn
tcpp; Cuizct\mSv sFIyw {]m]nv Pohnpp. hn[m
b-I-amb hnhcWw sshb-n-I-amb t`Zt_m[s
\ntinp- Xmbn tXmpw. Cu sshb- -nIamb t`Z
`mhw GsXmcp hn[nep B-`mh\tbbpw ASn
m\amnbpXsnepw AXv CltemIn Im
\pjvTm\w sNp- Xn Pohmmhns\ klmbnpp.
Pohmmhns A-cnep PohpIX ]cak-
tbmSv sFIyw {]m]npmIp B\a\p`hnm
AXymhiy-amWv. Bm`nhy-nbpsS Dtiyw \ndth
m th Hcp hynXzw tI{s ssIhi-s-Spn
shnpsnepw Bmhn\v Xs Kuchhpw Aacmh
-bpsS al-Xzhpw \- h-- adn-bm- sap ]d-bp- p.
{_mWvU\mSIn Cuizc {]hnpsImncn
bvppshpw, Znhy-tNX\ AXn Xs `mKw A`n\
bnppspw Pohmmhv Adnbppv. apmmhpw
B \mSIn A`n\bnppv; kXys ]q-
ambpw ssIhiw shpsImpXs! AbmfpsS Dtiy-
p hg- m- Xmbn Hpw Xs-bn- . ""Ah
I K
N P
24
Imns\ Xs ktihmlImcmpp. Pzenp
An-Isf a{namcmpp.'' hyXykv X-hnhcWsf
XXzm\-fneqsS CW-ntm hopw Ipsd-
mew IqSn Imncnbvtnhp. Cu PohnXnsh
pXs Almcs \onfbpI kw`mhy- amWv.
Ans\ Cu PohnXn ]qX t\Sphs\ Poh
ps\p ]d-bpp. AarXXznep B\w Poh
ps kzKXnbns {]ISamIpp.
Fm `mcXo- b-XXzNnImcpw tamw P\\acW-
-fn \np apnbmsW Imcy-n tbmPnbvp
pv. Cuizct\mSv kmbqPy- saXv \nXy- \mIpI F-
Xns asmcp t]cmWv. "\nXyX'sb ImWs- Sp Cu
`uXnI{]]-- ns ktXntev Xa sNbvXm
eXv P- arXypclnXamb AhXsbmWv.
]m]hpw ZpxJm\p`hpw
AssZzX]-XnIfnepS\ofw hgnsXnbvp Hcp XS
amWv ]m]ns {]iv\w. thZa{-fn sshZnI
hn[nbv\pIqeambn {]hnpXp ]pWyambpw hnh
]co- - Xambn {]hnpXp ]m]ambpw ]d-ncnbvp
p. D]-\nj- pIfpsS A`n{]mb-n \nXyPohnXs
- nbp m\w ]pWyhpw Am\w]m]- hpamWv.
Cu anYymZi- \s {]ISnnp BNcWhpw A- Xn
s\pSp Bmhns Hs-Sepw ]m]mNmcamWv.
D]-\nj- pIfpsS A`n{]mb- n {]]- -nse \nJn
e]Zm- - tfbpw Cuizc{]m]v Xnp D]-Ica- fmbn
ImtW-- Xpv. \mahsb \nbXcq]-fpwths]-hbp
ambn IcpXpIbpw \mw kzbw thdn LSI- fmsWp
[cnpIbpamsW- n [mnIambn ]m]w sNpp.
Al-mcw aqew ]q-{_- ns ]cam[nImcs
\ntj- [nepw kzbw kmwK-]qhpw kzbw]-cym]v X
hpamsWp {]Jym]n-epamWnhnsSbp sXv . ]q-
{_- ns ]ctam-Xmhsb BNcW-ns Al-
mcw sImv \ncmIcnpp F-XmWv ChnsS ]m]am
bno- cp- Xv. kzmab-amb Al-mcs P\nn
bvp AIg- nm AZrjvSn Xs kpNnX
`mhs sInnSnp \npp; Fmhn[w XymK-
fn \npw ]nhenbpp. AXns km\amWv ]m]w.
D]-\nj- pI ]m]w amb-bmsWp ]d- bpn; B
]m]w imizXamsWpw kqNnnbvpn. Cu ch
kv XIfnepw AXn\v IosgmXpn hgpI a\jys
Ihy- ambncnpw. ]pWy-ambn ]cnh\w sNm
_m[yXs- -XmWv F A- n ]m]w Ab-Ym-
amWv. AXns cq]w amm {]bXv\w Bhiy-amsW-
tmptm A{Xtmfw AXp bYm-hpamWv .
B tNX\bpsS m\v ]cam- tNX\sb
IpSnbncppXv ]pWy-amsW- ncns Xs Bmhv
Cuizct\m DX\msWp hcppXv ]m]amWv .
D]-\nj- pIfpsS A`n{]mbn kZmNmcw hkvXp
fpsS bYm kz`mhs {]ISnnpp. Ahkm\
n ]pWyw am{Xta hnPbnpIbpp. ""kXyw Pbn
pp; AkXyw Pbnpn.'' ]m]w Hcp \ntj-[m
Iamb hkvXphmWv ; X\npXm FXncmWv ; arXypXXz
amWv. ]pWy-amIs \nbmIhpw bYm- hpamWv;
PohnXXXzhpamWv. ]m]n\v Fmhtcbpw kwXr]vX
cmm Ignbn.
BobPohnXnp a\pjymhIfn Igntbn
hcptStmfw Imew ZpxJs XpSp\o- nfbm\m
hn. Xs kq- kbpw Cuizcm- W- ambno-
cp- Xphsc ZpxJm\p`h- fpsS {Ian \Sp D-
Xn{]- {Inb Ahkm\nnm Ignbn. D]-\njp ]d-
bpp: ""a\pjy bYmn b-amIpp'' \mw
Cuizcm`napJ-cmbno- cp- Xphsc PohnXw \nccamb
arXyp-hmWv. a\pjymmhv \nXy-ksb {]m]nbvm
\mbn tinp XnnSbvp Hcp ]oUmm\amWv Pohn
Xw. adItfmtcmtmtcmmbn \otXpv . Cuizcob
PohnXw ssIhcp-Xn\p apmbn PohnXnep {`mn
kaqew \inWw.
Iw
EtKzZnse "EX'n {Iak-am[m\fpw k`-
cWhpw {]ISambnmWmw. Iknmn\pkcnp
t\mnbm [mnIPK- n A\nnXtam An
ctam Bb bmsXmcp hkvXphpw ImWpIbn. \mw hnX
bv pXv \mw sImpp. ]pWy-ns ]pWyns
hnpIrjnsNbvXm ]pWy ^ew sImmw, ]mhns
hnn \np ]m]hpw. Ghpw sNdnb Iw t]mepw
a\p-jy-kz-`mh-n kzm[o\w sNepp- p. I-
mbn Xs Dnencpv t{]cW \Insmncn
p Nne hmk\Isfmw XmXs hnNmcw sNbvXv
t_m[]qw Xncs-Sp ]qI- fpsS ]cnWm
a- am- sWp a\p-jy- \- dn- hp-v . Adn- p-sImv \mw
sNp I Ipsd Ignm AmX ioe
-fmbn-o- cpp. kzm`m-hnIambpw Cp \app
AmXhmk\I ap]v t_m[]qw sNbvXph
kzw I--fpsSXs ]cn-WmaamsWv IcpXs-
Spp. kap{Znse AebSnItfbpw \-{X- fpsS KXn
Itfbpw \app XSpphm Ignbmt]mses
[mnIhnImkns {]{Inbtbbpw XSbm \mw Ak-
acmWv. I\nb-asf AXnewLnbvm \S
p {iaw Hcm Xs \ng- ens\ HgnhmntmIm
{ianbv p-t]mses \njv^-eamWv. Imes
smp ampIfbmt\m acW-ssmp Npcnf
bmt\m, Ignbm I- fpsS Hcp {]amW- tcJ a\pjy
PohnXnepsXv Hcp a\ximkv{XknmamWv. tZh
b---f\pjv Tnm ]m]-tamN-\apm-Ipsa ]gb
sshZnIknm-n\v {]tXyI {]m[m\yw sImSppIm
Wppv. ]m]w sNp-h arXypsh {]m]nbvpsav
Hcp tLmcinmhn[nbpw hnfw_cw sN-s- ncnbvp
p. Hcp a\pjy ]pWyhm\mIpI bPvR- fneqsSb;
k{]- hrnIfneqsSbmWv: ""Hcp a\pjy k{]- hr
nIsImv \h\pw No hrnI sImv No
h\pw Bbno- cpp.'' hopw ""a\pjy Cmi- nbp
PohnbmWv. Cu temIn Ah hnNmcnp- t]m
ses ]ctemIpw Bbno- cpw.'' AXp sImmWv
\tmSv \Xns\ Cnbv m\pw \XpXs sNm\pw
hn[nnp-Xv. ""Ah Xs a\psImv GXptemI
I K
N P
25
sf {]m]nm sImXnmepw GXp hkvXp Inm\m{K-
lnmepw B temIfpw B hkvXpfpw ]cniplr
Zb-\mb Ah\p e`yambno- cpp. AXpsImp {]IS
i- nbmb `qXnsb B{K-lnph Bmhns\ icn
bmbdnbp (B{]- -bmb) D]- ks D]mknbv
Ww.'' Ins {]Xn^-eambnmWv A\mZnbpw A\
hpambnp k P\\acW- -fp kwkmcambn
o- cp-Xv. Iknmw a\pjy tZhm arK,
hr- eXmZnI Chsb-sbmw Xs hebn ]nSnp
Iqpp.
bYm-n D]- \nj-pfpsS A`n{]mb-n
kapZmb- tk-h\w sImt In \np apn e`n
pIbpp. kzm- I sNbvXpsImncnpt
Stmfw Imew \mw I_- ns \nb-an\p
A[o-\cmbncnpw. \mw Bk-nclnXcmbn Im\p
jvTm\w sNp- ]w apn {]m]npp. ""\obns\
Pohnbvs Iw \ns IpSpm bmsXmcp ImcW-
hpan.'' \mw P-arXypfpsS N-ebn _cmIm
ImcWw I sNpp F-X kzm]q-
amb I-fmWv. hynI X sNp- Xns
D-chmZnw kzbw GsSpmsX B `mcw hn[nbpsS
Xebv tm \- {X-fptStbm as- ntsb-neptam
taseNmcn Hgnpamdnsmncp ImeL-n I
knmw Cs\ \njvIjnp. ""Hcp ]n kzbw IqSp
mn AXn _\\mIp t]mse a\pjy
kzbw _\mIpp.'' \psS apIfn anmWp
hkvXp Ccp Zpn[nb-. \mw Xs app sNbvXp
sh I-fmWv, \mw kwkmcN{In\v Ccb-.
ZpxJm\p`hw ]m]n\p Inp thX\amWv . C-csam
cmibw kZmNmc\njvTm\n\p inbmb t{]cW-bm
sW Imcyn kwi-ban. a\pjys Iv
AXncnSp Nne \n_- - \Ifpst CXn- app.
\ma \s krjvSnXv ,. Zpm[amb Fsnepw Imcyw
t\cnSptmgmWv \mam{K-lnvp hn[w apgph \app
sNm\mhn Fp \mw a\nempXvv . icnbvp a\
nemnb Iknmw kZmNmc {]bXv\s \ncp
ml-s-Sppn. a\n\v hnep hbvpn. Cm
i-nsb N- ebvnSpn. Fm Icy-fpw ]qmh
IfpsS A\nhmcyamb ]cnWmaamsWp am{Xta AXp
]d- bppp. Imcy-ambn ]cnWanp Hcp kz`mhapv
ImcW-n\v. {]IrXntbm Db \nebnep Pohm
mhv AXns kzmX{yw {]tbmKnbvpnsn `qX
Imes BNcWhpw ham\Ime]cnnXnbpw a\p
jy-s Iv XnIpw hniZo-IcW- ambno-cpw.
a\pjy {]IrXnbpsS shdpsamcp D]-a. Ah
Xs Itm _ehm\mWv. hn[nbmWv khp
san ]ns kzX{yw kw`mhy- a. a\pjy-Po-hnXw
tIhew bm{nI_- -fpsS {]h\a. AXn
thsd thsdbmbn ]e \neIfpapv ss\knIZi,
{]mWm[mc\ne, Pm{K-Zh, _unIZi, [mnI\ne
Cs\ Cu HgppI At\y\yw Atmpantmpw
apdnp- ISpIbpw Dntebvp Xf- n-d- p-Ibpw
sNpp. a\pjys \nav \{]-IrXnsb `cnbvp I
knm-n\v Ah\nep [mnIhihpambn bmsXm
cnS]mSpan. Pohmmhns kmcXXzw kzmX{y-amWv.
AXns\ D]- tbmKnv a\pjy\v Xs {]mIrXnI- fmb
at\mthK-sf \ntcm[np \nb-{nbvm Ignbpw.
AXpsIm-pXs- bmWv Ahs PohnXw ss\Kn
Iambn \nbnbv-s AhIfpsS ]c- cbn
\nv IqSp- X t{ijv T- ambn \np- - Xv . apn-
bvmbnsmp Ahs Fm {]h\fpw \nXy
kz- `mhs B[mcamnsm-mI-cpXv; ]cnnXnI
fpsS BLmXw sImp-ambnqS. A- cmm-hns
kzmX{y t{]cW sImpXs BbncnbvWw.
In\p cp hi-- fpv; Hp hnizhym]nbmWv ;
atXp a\ximkv {X]chpw. Hmtcm Ihpw AXns
kzm`mhnIamb ]cnWmaw kwkmcntebvp \ev Ip
v. AtX kabw AXv a\pjy a\n Hckv ]- jvS[m
cW ]Xnnbvpp; Hcp khnti- j- {]- hW- Xbpfhmp
p. Cu {]hWX AYhm kwkvImcw Asn hmk
\- bmWv \s Hcn- sNbv X {]hrn hopw
Bhnbv m t{]cnnbvpXv. Ans\ t\mn
bm Cu kwkmcn Hmtcm {]hrnbvpw AXn
tXmb ^eapv; AXv a\n {]`mhhpw sNepp
p. BZyw {]kvXmhn Xcnep I^esf
kw_-ntStmfw \msa{XXs {ianmepw \ap
hbn\np c- s-p\nevm Ignbn. Fm am\
knI{]-hW- XIsf thW- san \app \nb{nm
Ignbpw. \psS `mhnbnep BNcWs kw_-n
tStmfw Fmcw kw`mhy- XIfpapv. B-kw
baw sImv \app ]qWy- amb at\mhrnIsf in
s- Spm Ignbpw; ZpnImcsf Xfm\pw Ign
bpw.
I]-Xn BkvXnIyknmtmSv s]mcp-s-
Spnsp ]etmgpw ]ecpw hmZnbv mdpv. AJne
{]- ]- -nepw A[nImcw \Sp Ahpw At_m
[hpamb Hcp XXzamWv Iw. AXv Cuizcs \nb-
{W- n\pt]mepw hnt[b-a. ss\knIamb Hcp
\nbaw \Smm \ap-smcp \ymbm[n]- \mhiy-an.
]cammhns bYm-XtbmSp s]mcpsSmX
IXXzw. Is-nbp [mnIknmw ]c
{_ns kzcq]s {]ISam- emWv. Cu {]{Inbsb
\nb-{nbvpXv Hcp Znhy-i- nbmsWp kKpW-
knms A\pkcnv \app ]d- bm Ignbpw. thZ
-fn Cu \nbakwlnXsb EXsap ]d- bpw. hcpW-
\mWv EXns A[n]Xn. tZhmcpsS am- anm
Imcy-sf Iw FSpp ]d- bpp. CXv bYmk
bpsS kzcq]- ns GXntbpw kzm]- camb CS
s]- S Akmyamnopp. imkv{Xob \nb- a-
fptSbpw {]hrnIfptSbpw B[p\nIknmhpw CtX
\n-b- nemsW- p-Xv . Ah kzhpw Anchp
amb ssIISent\mSp hntbmPnbvpp. Cuizck
sb sXfnbnm ApXIrXy- Bhiy-amsW-
n imkv{X Cuizcs\ Fs- t-bvpambn \in
n- pIgnncn-pw.
Pohn-Xnepw BNmcnepw I-kn-m-s
I K
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26
tmse alXztadnb asmcp hnizmk{]amW- an. Pohn
X- n \ap- sp kw`hn-mepw AXn\v H- Xpn
hgn hWn \nWw. ImcWw Ah \psS `qX
Imes Ins ^eamWv. C\nbpw `mhn \psS
ssIbvpnemWv ; \apv Bi-tbmSpw hnizmk- tmSpw
IqSn {]hnbv mw. Iw `qXImen\v IosgmXp
m\pw `mhnsb-pdnminm\pw t{]cW \evIpp.
AXv {]]-- nse ]Zm--sfmpw AXnse hnPb-
]- cmPb--sfmpw Bmhns alnasb kv ]inp
n Fv a\pjysc [cnnpp. kZmNmcw Xs
bmWv \. Db ]Zhntbm sFizcytam A; htam
-hwitam A. \ XmsX thsd \- bn.
`mhn PohnXw
]ctemI PohnXsn CtXhsc kpkwKXamb
Hcp nc knmhpw Dmbngnnnsnepw CXn
s\n thZImetbpw {_mW- Imetbpw hnNmc
D]-\nj- pIfn Ipsd- qSn hnIknXmbnm
Wmw. CXv ]p\ NnbpsS cq]- n D]-\nj- p
Ifn apJy-amb m\w ]nSnncnpp. Cu Bibw
BZy- ambn iX]Y {_mWnemWv ImWp- - Xv .
AXn acW-n\p tijw hopw hopw P\nbvpI,
hopw hopw acnbvpI Fo chI {Inbm
{]- Xn{Io- bmcq]nep Hcp kn{i-[mcW- bmbn {]IS
amIpp. bYm-m\w t\Sn [yI- f\pjv Tn
psImv PohnXw \bnh acW-tijw AacXzw {]m]n
bv m\mbn hopw P\nbvpp. AtX kabw B
m\w t\SmsX IhyIsf Ah-K-Wn-p
sImp Imebm]\w sNbvXh hopw hopw P-sa
Spp arXyphnncbmbn `hnbvpp. {_mWw ASp
temInte P\\ac\W \Sp-Xmbn kzoI
cnbvppp. D]\nj-pIfnemb-tm B hnizmkw
Cu temImWv ]p\- - sa hnizmk {]amW- ambn
amdn. c`n{]mb-- fpw. cRvPnnsenbncnpp Fp
\app ]dbm\mhn. Nnetm cpw HcpanXmbn
ImWmw. kpw ZpjvI-pw Cc-
^e A\p`-hs- Sppv. Hcnbv ]ctemIpw
AXn]ns ]\- - saSpv Cu temIpw. arXi
cocw Zlnv `kvaambngnm Pohmmhv Dze
amb tPymXnbcq]- n ]ctemIbm{X XpS-tijw
DSs\ aqp am- ambn ]pXnsbmcp Poh\ntep aSp
p.
{_tmSv GImImc-am-bntcpI-bmWv Aa-cXz
ns Ghpw Db Ah. Cu A`n{]mbw D]- \n
j-pIfn kv ]jvSambn {]Xn]mZnnpv. tZhm
]ctamX kIfmbncptm AhtcmSp tNcp
Xnembncpp apn, Ctm {_w ]ZmfpsS
BZnXXzhpw. {]]-ns ]caamb B[mchpambn.
AXp- sImp {_- tm- Sp tN-bmbn imizX
PohnXw ]ctam-Xamb tam-nsesnepw \yq\X
hv \apv ]X\w `hnp ]w Imens A[n
Imc]cn[nbntep Xmgm\pw Hchbn \nv asm
ntembn XpSsc HmSnsmncnm\pw \mw \n-
cmIpw. apn {]m]nbvm Bmhv P\\acW-\nba
p hnt[-b- \mWv ; CtX kwkm-cn hopw
hopw P- saSpv Xs hn[n \nlnWw. bYm-
amb AacXzw apmmp- XmWv; _pmcpsS
PohnXw Imem[o\hpamWv . ""shfpXpw Zlo\hpamb
BntbmsS hngpp m\tbvv Rms\mcn
bv epw t]mImXncnbv s'' Fsmcp {]m\ \mw
tImdpv. sNbvX Ins kz`mha\pkcnv
AXns\m XcnemWv A\cPw e`npI. Pohm
mhv kzbw t{ijvTPohnXntebvpbv Fp
m\-n\v kz-sapw AXpt]mse Xsm
Xmtgmv hogpnStv \cIsapw ]d- bpp. Cu
kwkm- cPo- hnXw Bm- hns bYm PohnX- a;
koanX ]Zm- \tfmSp ]nnSnp \npt-
Stmfw Imew \apo kwkmcns ASnaw t]dn
\Stnhcpw. koanXtmsSmn \npsImv \apsm
cnbvepw ]qs {]m]nm Ignbn; \maXns\
{Xs ASpsnbnpw Imcy-an. ]ptcmKXn \nc
camb hnImkamWv; Asn kXXamb kmao-]y-
amWv. kmXXzsf Xosc AInbm Cuizct\m
ssSIyw km[nbv pp; ]noSp kwkmcntev aS
an. Bmhns A\pimk- \amWv kkmcw sImp
tinnp- - Xv.
Hcp XXzimkv{Xn\pw AXns `qXImeNcn{Xs
Xnfbm\mhn. ]ctemIPohnXs kw_- np
D]- \n- j- n- m- - n\v ]c- tem- I- n k-
v km\hpw ZpjvI-v inbpw hn[n
bv p {]mNo\ sshZnI knmtmSpw tbmPnp
t]mtIXpmbncpp. a\pjys bYmnXnIkz`mhw
]pXnb ]p\-- hm- Zs {]mNo- \amb ]c-temI
imkv {XtmSv tbmPn-nm {ian-p. AXn ba-
[s `cWnep arXmmfpsS B\ab- tem
Is-nbpw ZpxJ-]q- amb AImctemI-s-
nbpw hnnpmbncpp. CXp ImcW- ambn D]-\nj-
nmnsmcp hnjaX t\cnp. Fsm AXn
acWtijw aqp am- sf kzoIcntXpmbncp
p. ""\mw Cu As {]Xn]mZnp Hcp Bj-
kq-hpw tInpv. "Rm ]nXrbm\amw tZhbm\
amw Fns\ a\pjyv cp am- tInp
v. ]nXrm\p \np A-co--ntbpw
amXrm\p ]rYnhnbptSbpw a[ynep Fm
PwKa hkv Xpfpw KXnsNpXv Cu cp am--fn
eqsSsbmWv'' arXmmhn\v Xm `qanbn shv Pohn
XImep sNbvX I- fpsS ^ea\p`hnbvm\mbn
D]-\nj- pI cp am- - sfnbmWv ]d-np-
Xv. Hns\ tZhbm\w AYhm Anmw Fp ]d-
bpp; {]Imi- abamb amw Fw. cmatXv
]nXrbm\w AYhm [qaam- amWv; AXmbXv AImc
amw. BZytXv An, tPymXnv , Alv apXemb
hn`n am- -fneqsS {_temIw AYhm kXy-tem
Itv \bnpp. B temIsnbm ]ns
aSan. {_mhns\ ]pWymmsfmw sNs- p
, Xs cmP[m\nbn D-Xknwlmk\nencp- cp
fp hnj- bm{inXkbmbn ImWpt- Stmfta tZh
I K
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27
bm\am-n- app. Fm PohmXv amhpw {_
-hpambn XmZmyw {]m]npIgn-m {_mhns
knwlmk\w CfIpIbmbn. tZhbm\w ]cakbpambn
sFIyw {]m]nbvm\p Hcp Nhnphgn am{Xambn Ah
ti-jnbv pp. ]nXrbm\amIs [qaw cm{Xn apXemb
hgn- I- fn- eqsS N- {- tem- I- n- tep aS- n- h- cp- n- .
Fm ]nXrbm\qsS t]mIph X sNbvX
]pWyI- fpsS kpJ-^- e- f\p`hnpIgnm `qan
bntebvp Xs aSnhcpp. hnhcnptm hfsc
hyXymk ImWpw. Iujo- XIn{_mWn- \pk
cnv acWtijw Fmhcpw BZyambn t]mIpXv N{
temIntebvmWv. hfsc Ipdp t]tc AhnsS \np
]nXrbm\am-ambn {_temIntep t]mIppp.
_mnbp- h \m\mcq]--fmb X- fpsS I- fpsS
tabpw m\ns am{Xbpa\pkcnp a\pjy
sXmp ]pgp hscbp hnhn[cq]- fmb {]mWnPo-hnX
-fntebvv aSn hcpp. tZhbm\hpw ]nXrbm\hpw
A\p{Ia-ambn {]Imi-tem- In\pw AImc-temI
n\pw AYhm Am-\-tem-I-n\pw Xpey- am-Wv.
AXmWv \s kwkmcn _np \np- Xv.
aqmasXmcp am- snbpw ]d-bppv. AXv A-
ImcmhrXhpw ZpxJ- ab- hpamb Hcp temIntebvv \bn
bv pp. ""Ahpw shhpw HSpnb Id- hv taen
s]dm tijnbpanm NS ]ipsf Zm\w sNp-
h B\iq\yamb temIs {]m]npp.'' ]pgpfpw
{]mWnIfpw CgPmXnIfpw CgbpXpw Pp Pohnpw
Npw IgnbpXpamb aqmas hgnbmWnXv. {_
tmSv XmZmyw kmmcnp Ign kzXt{m
mhn\v Xs apnmbn aspw t]mtIn hcpn
. Ah-s\hnsSbmbmepw {_m\-a\p`hnbv pp.
""Ahs {]mW Fpw t]mIpn. {_ambn
smv {_kz-cq]ns ebnpp.'' apn
{]m]nh acp am- neqsSbpw t]mIpn. apn
{]m]nbvm IbdntmIp- hcmWv tZhbm\qsS bm{X
sNp- Xv. {Ianep BtcmlWw hnsnp
- XpsImv {IaapnbpsS am- sap ]d-bpp.
ac-WtmSpIqsS Bmhpw \inbv pp F
`uXnIho-- Ws D]-\nj- nIm A\pIqenp
n. Ahp PohnXw XpSp\npsa Dd hnizm
kapv. ico-c\mi-n\npw AXo- Xambn kpcnX
ambn \np Ftm Hpspw A`n{]mb- apv.
FhnsS t\mnbmepw ]ckv ]- chncp-fmb k
ev]--fmWv ImWpI. aXImcy- nemsW- n sshZnI
amb _lptZhhmZhpw b-fpw D]- \nj-pIfnse
GtIizchmZhpw Bo-bPnhnXhpw Dunbpd- nXmbn
ImWmw. kap-Zm-b-X-en PmXn-t`Zapv; AXns
ImTn\yw Ipdbvm hnizhym]Iamb DZmc`mhhpapv.
]c-temI-hnj-b-n-em-sW-n \c-Ik- ]- tmSp
IqSnb ]p\ knm- apv. Fm icnsb sXv
Aanfp. {_mWobaXw AXns Fm Ahy
hItfmSpw ]ckv]- chncp-fmb \nch[n k]-
-tfmSpw IqSn D]- \nj- pIp tijhpw _pIme
n\p appap CSmev ]catImSnsb {]m]nncp
p. [mnIambn hc _m[n Imeambncpp AXv;
Ap kXyw I-]nSnv ]mc- cyambnoncpp. kZm
Nmcw Iv Zn\kcnbmbntmbncpp. PohnXw A\pjvTm
\]- c-cbmbn. am\htNX\sb hnlnXhyhItfmSpw
I-hy- I-fptSbpw CcppIqn Atm-pan
tmpw Npnncnp. Acow {InbmIem]-- fm
izmkwapn GsXnepsamcp a{w sNmmsXtbm NS-
\pjvSnmsXtbm, HcmpW-cmt\m InShnp Fgpt-
evmt\m, Ifnmt\m, ucw sNmt\m, apJw Igp
Imt\m {]mX Ignbvmt\m \nhrnbnm \ne
hp. p{Zhpw \njv{]-tbmP\hpamb Hcp k{Zmbn
\nm-c-fmb anYymhnizmk \nd-pInSncp
Hcp ImeL- - ambncpp AXv. ipjvIhpw lrZblo-\hp
amb Hcp Zi-\]- Xnbpmbncpp AXn\v; hcXpw
]nSnhmZap- Xpamb Hcp aXns ka- \hpw AXn\v
e`np. AXv Ir{XnaXzhpw AXni- tbmnbpw \nd
Xmbncpp. Npcpw hnNmcioemsct]mepw Xr]v Xns-
Spm AXn\ Xosc Ignncpn, A[nIw hcp
_lp-P\s ZoL-Imetp Xr]v Xns- Sp-m\pw
Ignn. D]-\nj- pIfnse GtIizchmZhpw thZ
nse _lptZhXmhmZhpw, D]-\nj- pIfnse Bo-
b- Po-hnXhpw sshZnIamb b-{Iahpw, D]-\nj-pI
fnse tam- -kwkmcfpw thKnse b-{Iahpw,
D]-\nj- nse hnizhym]Xzhpw km[mcW-amb PmXn t`Z
hpw, Xosc Aimkv{Xo-bamb Cu Zz[nIImew
Hnp tbmPnp Ignbm h-mXmbn. ]p\\nmWw
Ime-Lns AXymhiy-ambno-p. a\pjys
km[mcWPo-hnXntev Cd-nhcm Ignbp XXz
K- l- \hpw IqSpX [mnIhpamb Hcp aXamWv B
ImeLw {]XonncpXv. _paXmcpw ssP\cpw
NmhmIm AYhm `uXnIhmZnIfpw Ap \Snen
cp aXns Ir{Xnakz`mhw NqnmWnpIbpm
bn. BZyw ]d cp Iq Bmhns [mnImh
iy- sf DundpsImp aXns ]p\\nm
W- n\p {]b-Xv\np. Ah D]-\nj m\ns
kZmNmc]camb khym]nXzs \nlnm {ian
pIbpmbn. Fm AtXkabw X {_mW
PmXnbpsS {]mamWy-n \npw b-]XnIfn
\npw \Sp aXn \npw Xosc _apt]m-
Xmbn Ah IcpXn. `K-hKo-Xbpw ]no-Spmb D]-
\nj-pIfpw `qXImes Ahew_nbvm Aim
kv{Xob- XXzsf IqSpX kwc-W`mhtmsS ka
\zbnnbv phm ]cn{iaw \Sn. D]-\nj- pIp
tijw ]no-Sp ImeL- - n \mn \Spmbn
cp aXnsXncmbn AXyw ITn\amb bmYmn
XnI {]Xntj- Z cmPyns hnhn[`mK- - fnepw cq]w
sImpshp hcmw; _paXhpw ssP\aXhpw Ing-
Znnepw `KhKoX {]mNo\sshZnIaXns tIm-
bmbncp ]Snmd {]tZi- pw.
I K
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28
I K
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29
D]\njv kamlmcsn
1. D]\njv thZa{fpsS hymJym\amWv. CuimhmkyD] \njv ip b PqthZns \mXmw
AymbamIpp. ap {][m\amb Ztim]\n jp I Bc WyIfpsStbm {_mWfpsStbm
`mKamIpp. thZa{mJym\fmb D]\njpIp thZmw F t]cpIqSnbpv. ]c{_
ns kKpW\npW kzcq]fmb XXz sf D]\njn Nspp. D]\njpIp
hn`n k{Zm b fn ep BNmcym AhcpsS \Xa\pkcnp `mjyw cNnn cn pp.
D]\njp I 108 Fw Dv. Cu 108 D]\njn Ztim]\njn\mWv Ghpw IqSp
X {]m[m\yw. Ah Cuiw, tIXw, ITw, {]iv \w, apIw, sFX tcbw, OmtmKyw, _rlZm cWyw Ch
bm Ipp. Nne ]n X m tizXm iz cw, ssIjoXIn F cp D] \njp IqSn CtXmsSmp
tNv ]{ sw Ghpw {][m \ambn IcpXp p. _mnbp D]\njp I A]c [m\ambnp
BNm cym IcpXpp. Ztim]\n jp Ip {ioi c XpSn bp h `mjyw cNnn pv.
D]\njpI 108 IqSpXembn 144 Dsp ]dbp hcpw Dv. AX 183 BWv F
A`n {]mbmcpw Dv. Fm BNmcym Chbvsmpw `mjy \Inbnn .
2. D] \njns temItbv p R (B. eoemtZhn) ISpsNpXv Fgpns BZyIme
mWv. AXmbXv 19mw ImeLn InmhpnStmfw D]\njp I iJcnv ]Tnp. {ioi
cs hymJymtmsSbp `mjy aebmfn Inm\pv. {io. F. F. chnhsbtmephcpsS
hymJym\w hmbn tm aebm fn asmcp hnh \n\p m\ansp IcpXn B Nn Ah
km\nnp. R hmnb {Kfn {io. lcnIrjvWZmkv tKmb ImbpsS hymJym\w hmbn tm
AXv Fs BIjn p. Atlw efnXambn XXzNn I AhX cnnncnpp. At lns coXn
Ahew_np ""HXv D]\njpI'' FgpXn hnZymnan{Xw _ppUntmbv p sImSpp. AXn\p
henb klIcWhpw e`n p. {]kn sSpnb DSXs AXp hnpXocpIbpw sNbvXp. D] \nj
ns temIp CXn\p thdnsmcp kzc ap m bn cp p.
""H]Xv D]\n jn''s\n Aev]wIqSn ]d bmsX h. B. eoem tZhn Khsav Aym]n
I bmbncp p. Av km Poh\mc ]pkvX I sagpX Wsa n km A\p hmZw thWambn
cp p. kmcntebvp At] Abp. AXv \nckn XpsImv ]pkvXIn Fs t] am{XamWv
hncpXv. Cu \ntj[w km cn s\smv \nbaw amm \p {]tm]Wn\p XpS an Sp Ibp
mbn.
"H]Xp D]\n jv' kmln XyAmZ anp hninjvS{K ambn ]cnKWnm\mbn Ab bvm
]ecpw ]dXpsImv Abp. 600 cq] klmbhpw 20 {K AmZanp \Im\pw Dc
hmbn. Av kmln XyAmZanbnepmbn cp {io. kpIpam AgotmSv Cu {Kns t{]cWbm
""XXzakn'' F {Kw cNn pIbpmbn.
aebmfnep 108 D]\njv Xncp h\ ]pcw FUyp tjW ]ntjgv kns ASpp
hp. Cu Imew 108 D] \njpI hnh\w sNbvXncnpXv Fkv. B. hn. sslkvIqfnse
lnn Aym]I \mb ]mpfc `mkvIc \mbcmbncpp. AtlwXs ASnn {Kw
hn\bvmbn AhnsS GnXm bncpp. almb Hcp {ia ^eambncpp AXv. ""\apv Hv
t\mn bmtem?'' FUyp tj kt kns DSabmb cma\mY tNmZnp. Rm adp]Sn ]d n . 108
D]\njns kwkvIrX{Kw Atlw Fs Gnp. hon sImphphXmsX AXn
tep IS n. ""kwkvIrX en]n aebmfnsegpXnbm aXn'' ]eXpw IhnX b , KZyamsWmWv Ah
]dXv. Ipdv t\cw t]m n\mbn amnh Xm bncpp.
Imew IS p t]mbn. `mcy ISp t]mbn. Fmw amdna dnp. Fgpp Rm \ndp nb ambn.
]ns Ah XpSnhXp ]qbmm\p Hcp Nnhp. ]eXpw Xnc sSp v kplrp
sf Gnp.
{]imn ]ntjgvkns DSa {io. thembp[ \mbcmWv Fs kplrv. ]ca`,
Atlw Hcp Znhkw Ztim]\n jntep ISp. AXp {]kn oIcn m Bhiysp. Ah Bhn
izm ktmsS, ktmjtmsS \In. ]ns AXns XpSbmbn 108 XnIbv m Atlw Bh
iysp. As\ Rm hopw XpSsgpXn.
`Khms A\p{Kln\p {]mnpsImv.
hn. _meIrjvW
I K
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31
1. Cuimhmtkym] \njv............................ 33
2. ItTm]\n jv................................................ 39
3. tIt\m ]\njv ............................................ 67
4. aptIm]\njv...................................... 75
5. amqtIym]\njv.................................. 91
6. IuXIo {_m tWm]\njv.................. 95
7. ssXoco tbm] \njv............................ 112
8. tizXmizXtcm] \njv........................... 141
9. sFXtctbm ]\njv................................. 167
10. {]ivt\m]\njv......................................... 175
11. OmtmtKym]\njv................................. 191
12. _rlZmc WytIm] \njv....................... 277
13. Ayp]-\njv............................................. 362
14. A]q-tPm-]\njv ..................................... 366
15. A[ym-tm-]\njv ...................................... 367
16. AZzb- XmctIm]- \n-jv ............................... 374
17. AYhintcm]- \n-jv ................................. 377
18. AarX\mtZm]- \njv ................................... 382
19. Ah- [q-tXm]- \n-jv ...................................... 386
20. Btm]- \n- jv ............................................. 389
21. B{]- t_mt[m-]\n-jv ........................... 393
22. Bt_m-t[m]-\njv................................ 396
23. BcpWntIm]\njv.................................... 400
24. EtKzZob kckzXyp]- \njv .................... 402
25. B{i-tam-]\njv .......................................... 408
26. GIm- tcm]- \n-jv .................................... 410
DSw
27. ITcpt{Zm-]\njv .......................................... 411
28. Ienk-ctWm-]\n-jv............................. 115
29. Imemncpt{Zm]-\njv............................... 416
30. Ipn-tIm- ]- \njv ...................................... 418
31. IrjvtWm]- \njv ......................................... 420
32. ssIhteym]- \njv...................................... 423
33. pcptIm]- \njv ......................................... 426
34. KW-]-Xyp]- \njv ......................................... 428
35. KcptUm- ]- \njv ............................................ 430
36. Kt`m]\njv................................................ 433
37. Kmb{Xo D]- \njv ........................................ 436
38. Kmb-{Xocltkym]- \n-jv .......................... 441
39. tKm]me]qhXm]n\yp-]\n- jv ............... 444
40. NXpthtZm]- \njv ..................................... 448
41. Nmptjm]- \n-jv ...................................... 450
42. Pm_me-Zi- t\m]-\n-jv........................... 451
43. Pm_m-eyp- ]- \njv ......................................... 467
44. Xpco-bmXntXm]\njv ................................ 469
45. Xpf-kyp]-\njv ............................................ 470
46. {XninJn{_m- tWm]-\n-jv ..................... 472
47. [ym\_nq]- \njv...................................... 484
48. ZnWmaqyp]- \n-jv ........................... 493
49. tZhyp]-\njv................................................. 496
50. Zztbm]\njv................................................. 499
51. \mZ_nq]-\njv .......................................... 500
52. \mcZ]-cn{hmP-tIm- ]- \njv ........................ 504
I K
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32
53. \mcmb- WmYintcm- ]- \njv ..................... 534
54. \ncmetm]-\njv ....................................... 536
55. \nhmtWm]-\njv...................................... 539
56. \oecpt{Zm]-\njv........................................ 540
57. \rknwl]qhXm]n\yp]\njv ...................... 543
58. \rknwljvS-Nt{Im]-\njv ...................... 553
59. ]-{_- tm]\njv ................................... 554
60. ss]wK-tem]-\njv ....................................... 558
61. ]ca- lwtkm]- \njv .................................... 566
62. ]calwk]- cn{hm-PtIm]- \njv .............. 567
63. ]c- {_-tm]-\n- jv ....................................... 571
64. ]mip]- X- {_-tm]-\n- jv ........................... 575
65. {]W- thm]- \njv ........................................... 580
66. {]mWmntlmt{Xm-]\njv..................... 582
67. _rlv hytNm]\njv................................... 585
68. {__np]- \n-jv ...................................... 586
69. {_hntZym]- \njv .................................... 588
70. {_tm]- \n-jv ............................................. 596
71. `np-tIm- ]- \njv ......................................... 599
72. aWvUe{_m- tWm]-\njv ..................... 600
73. a{ntIm]\n-jv .......................................... 607
74. alm\mcmb-tWm]- \njv ........................... 609
75. alm- hmtIym-]\njv ................................... 641
76. atlm]- \njv ................................................. 642
77. apntIm]- \njv ......................................... 680
78. apZvK- tem]-\njv ........................................... 691
79. ssass{Xb-Wyp]-\njv............................. 695
80. ssat{Xp]- \njv........................................ 705
81. bm- hevtIym-]\njv............................ 711
82. tbmK-IpWvUeyp]\njv ........................... 715
83. tbmK- NqUmaWn D]-\njv ........................ 727
84. tbmK- XtXzm]-\njv ..................................... 737
85. tbmK-cmtPm]\njv ..................................... 747
86. cmt[m]- \njv ................................................. 749
87. cp{Zlr-Ztbm- ]-\njv ..................................... 750
88. cp{Zm-Pm_m-tem]-\n- jv ........................ 755
89. cpt{Zm]- \njv ................................................. 759
90. emwKq-tem]- \njv ......................................... 760
91. h{PkqNntIm]-\njv.................................. 762
92. ict`m]-\njv ................................................ 764
93. imSymb-\o-tbm- ]- \njv ............................... 768
94. imnteym- ]-\njv ..................................... 773
95. imco- cntIm]- \njv ....................................... 787
96. inh-kevt]m]- \njv ................................ 789
97. ipIcl-tkym- ]- \njv .................................. 790
98. {iocma]qhXm]n\yp]-\njv ................... 795
99. kt\ymtkm]\njv ..................................... 801
100. kckz-Xo-c-ltkym]- \njv....................... 813
101. kmhn{Xyp]- \njv ......................................... 819
102. kotXm]\n- jv ............................................... 820
103. kqtcym- ]-\njv .............................................. 824
104. ku`mKyevao D]- \njv ........................ 826
105. kvItm]- \njv............................................ 831
106. kzkwth- tZym]\njv .................................. 833
107. khk-tcm]-\njv...................................... 834
108. lwtkm]\njv............................................. 837
I K
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33
Cuimhmtkym]\njv
1
3
Cuimhmtkym]\njv ipb- PiqthZ ImWzim
Job kwln-X-bpsS \mev]Xmas A[ymb- am-Ipp.
a{`mKns Awiw Bb-XpsImv CXn\p {]tXyI
amb alXzw Iev]nncnpp. bPqthZnse BZys
ap- nH]Xv Aymb- fn IIm- s- n {]Xn
]mZnpp. CXv B Imns Ahkm\ `mKamWv.
ChnsS `KhXvXzkzcq]PvRm\Ims \ncq]Ww
sNpp.
D]\n- jpfn Ghpw BZytXv Cuimhmky
amWv. Cu D]\n-jns BZy a{w ""Cuimhmkyw.''
F hmIywsImv Bcw- `np- Xn\m CXn\v Cu t]cp
mbn.
imn- ]mTw
Hmw ]q-aZ: ]q-anZw ]q-mXv
]q- apZNytX
]q-y ]q-amZmb ]q-
tahmhinjytX*!!
Hmw imnx imnx imnx
kn- Zm\- L\ ]c-{_-]pcptjm- a Fm {]Im
c- nepw kZm ]cn]q- \mIpp. Cu temIw B {_
m ]cn]q- amIpp. ]q- Xbpw A]q- Xbpw
B ]c- {_n \npw D- hnXmWv . ]c- {_-ns
]q-XsImv Cu PKp ]q- amWv. ]q-amb ]c-
{_n\npw ]qXsb ampIbmsWntmepw
]qXzw Ahtijn- pp.
1. Cuim -hmkyanZw kw -b-XvIn
PKXymw PKXv tX\
Xyt\ `pRv PoYm amKr[: IkykznZv[\w.
AJne hniz {_lm- am- - n ImWp- Ibpw
tIpIbpw sNp NcmNc- hkvXp- sf- mw, Ahsb-
mntbpw km[mchpw k\nb- mhpw km[n
]Xnbpw kin- am\pw kPvR\pw k IeymW
kzcq]\pw Bb ]ctaizc\m hym]vXambncnpp. Fm
mepw Atl-m ]cn- ]q-amIpp. (KoX 94).
CXns bmsXmcp `mKhpw Atlm clnXambncnp
n (KoX 1039, 42). Cs\ Nnnv B Cuizcs\ \nc-
cw XtmSpIqSn A[nhkn- npsImv, kZm At
ls kv acnpsImv , Cu {]]- n aaXbpw Bk
nbpw XyPnp I-hy]me\-n\mbn am{Xw hnjb-
sf bYmhn[n D]t`mKw sNphn, AXmbXv hniz-cq
]n-bmb Cuiz-cs ]qP-bvpthn am{Xw Isf
BNcn-p-hn. hnjb-- Sn-a- bmIphm a\-ns\
A\p- h- Zn- - cp- Xv . CXn \np \n- b- ambpw
awKfapmIpw. Cu t`mKy hkvXp BcptSbpa. a\p
jy {`aw aqew Chbn aa-Xbpw Bknbpw Is
p- p. Ch ]c- ta-iz- c- tXmIp- p. At-l- ns
{]kXbv pthn ChbpsS D]tbmKw \S- Ww. CXp
a\pjypthn thZ`Khms ]hn- t{Xm]tZiamIpp.
2. Ih-t-thl ImWn PnPo-hn-
tjXw kamx
Ghw Xzbn \m\ytY-tXmkvXn \
I en]ytX \tc.
]qa{n ]dncnp- Xpt]mse PKns
GIam{XmImhpw [mhpw lmhpw kin
am\pw kab-\pamb ]c-taizcs\ kvacn- psImv Ch
sbmw Atl- n- t-sXp IcpXn Atl- ns ]qP
bvmbn imkv{X- \nb-X- amb I-hyIsf BNcn
psImv \qdpkw-hcw Pohn-phm\m{Kln-phn.
Cuhn[w Xs PohnXw apgph ]c-ta-iz- c-\pthn
kaWw sNphn. imkvt{Xm- amb kzIsf
BNcnpsImp PohnXw IgnpIqpXp ]c- ta- iz- cs
]qPbv pthn am{XamIpp; X\n- pthn- b-. t`mKw
t`mKnp- Xn\mbn. shdpsX sNp- Xn\m B I
p \ns _- \- n AIs-Spm Ignbpn
I K
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34
. I A\pjvTn-psImv Ahbn apgpImXncn-
p- Xn\v Cu Hcp am- ta- bpq. CXn- \- Xn- cn-ambn ap
bmsXmcp amhpw I_\- -fn \npw tamN\w
t\Sphm\mbn- n (KoX 250, 51; 510).
kw_w C{]Imcw I_--fn\npw apn-
t\-Sp- Xn- \p amw \ntin-n-cn-pp. C\n CXn\p
hncp-amb am--fn IqSn Ncn-p a\pjycpsS
KXnsb hnpp.
3. Akpcym \ma tX temIm At\
XakmhrXmx
XmwkvtX t{]Xym`n-Kn tb tI
NmXv alt\m P\mx
am\-hicocw ap Fm icoc- - tfbpw At]np
t{ijvThpw ]ca Zp`hpw BIpp. AXpt]mse CXv
PohnIp `Khms {]tXyI Ir]sImv P\- \- ac- Wcq
]amb kwkmckmKc- n \op- Xn\mbn Innb- XmIp
p. Cs\ icocw e`nnp a\pjy Xs Isf
Cuizc]qPbvmbn kanmsX, Imat`mK- sfs
Pohn-X-ns ]c-a-eysap IcpXn hnjbmkn-
bnepw A`nemjpthnbpw Hmtcmtcm hn[-n
tIhew hnjb- kpJ--fnepw AhbpsS btY- jvS-amb
D]t`mKfnepw apgpIn- -gn-bpp. C-s\-bp-h
hmkvXhn Bmhns lXy Xs \Spp. Fp
sImsm C{]Imcw ]X\ntep \oph X
fpsS Pohs\ hyambn \in-npI am{X-a Xsf
HpIqSn Bgn I_- fn IpcppIbmWp
sNp-Xv. Cu Imamk- cmbh Ah Bsc- n- epam
Is, Ah temIn henb t]cpw bipw ssh`
hhpw A[nImcfpw t\Snbnp- hcmIs ac- Wm\- cw
I^- eambp iqIc, IqIc, IoS]XwKmZn hn`n- timI
km] ]q- amb Akpc- tbm\nIfnepw `bc \c- I-
fnepw Aetb- Xmbn hcpp (KoX 1616, 19, 20). CXv C{]
Imcap Akpc kz`mhtmSpIqSnb ZpjvSmpthn
\n- bn- s- npXpw `oIcamb A- Imc- m Bm
Zn-Xhpw BIpp. a\pjy Xs kzbw D-cn--Ww,
kzw ]X\w Dm-cpXv F KoX- bn `Khm CXp
sImp ]dncnpp (KoX 65).
kw_w temIhym]n- bmbncn- p B ]c- ta- izcs\
kZm kv acnpsImv Atl- ns ]qPbv mbns
Fm Ifpw sNWw. AsX-s\? AtX-n ]d
bpp;
4. At\-P-tZIw a\tkm Photbm
ss\\- thm B]v \p h ]qh-ajXv
XmhtXm \ym\- tXyXn XnjvT-
kvan-t]m amX-cnizm Z[mXn.
kmcymanbpw k in-am\pw Bb ]c-ta- iz-
c ANe\pw GI\pw BIpp. Fn-cpmepw a\-n-
t\-mf-[nIw Xo{hKXn-tbmSp IqSn-b-h\- t{X. a\-ns
KXn FhnsS hsc Fppthm AXn\pw hfsc A[n- Ia-
Ise Atl-sa- p- hm\pIpp. a\-n\mIs AhnsS
hsc-sb- phm Ign-bpn-. Atlw Fmn-tbpw
BZnbpw m\- kz-cq]hpw BIpp. AYhm F-n-
tbpw BZn- Im-c- W\m-bn- cn- p-- Xp-sImv Atlw
Ahsb t\cs Adn- bp- p. Fm tZh- X- Ifpw
aljnKWfpw ]q- ambn Atls Adnbpn
(KoX 10-2). AXn-Xo{h thKbp-amb _pn, a\-v,
C{nb AYhm hmbp BZn-bmb tZhX-I AXm
Xns in-\pkc- Wambn ]c-taizcs A\pkm\-
n kZm ]mpsImn- cnpp. Fm ]ctaizc
\nXy\pw AN-e- \p-am-bn- cp- p-sImp- X- \s\ Ahsb-
sbmw ISp aptmp s]mbvsmn-cn-pp. Ch
bvsmpw Atl-ns ASpphsc Fm Ign-
bpn. koamcmlnXys- - nbp hnhcw koabn HXp
n- gnbp- h Fs\ A\pam\npw. hmbp apX- emb
tZhIfn AS-nbn- cn-p in PehjWw, {]Im
iw, {]mWn{]mWkmcWw apXemb Ifn Ah
hn\n- tbmKnpp. Ahsbmw ANny inbmb ]c-
ta- iz- cs alminbpsS tIhew Awiw am{X- amIpp.
Atl-ns kl-tbmKw Csn Ahsmpw
sNm km[ya- .
kw_w C\n ]c-ta-iz-cs ANny in-tbbpw
hym]IXtbbpw ]n hopw hnpp.
5. XtZPXn Xss-PXn XZvZptc XZz-n-tI.
XZcky khky XZp khkymky
_mlyXx
]c-taizc Nenpw Nen- msXbpw Ccnpp. Htc
Imen ]c- kv]c hncp- - fmb `mhfpw KpWfpw
{Inb- Ifpw Atl-n-eS-n-bn-cn-pp. CXv Atl-
ns ANny inbpsS alnabmIpp. ap Xcn
]dm `Khm Xs Znhy ]ca[ma- nepw eoem[ma
nepw Xs {]nb- s `-mp kpJw \evIp-Xn-
\mbn B {]mIrX kKpWkmImc-cq]n {]IS-ambn
eoe \S-pp. CXp `Khms Ne\mh-bmIpp.
\npWcq]w `Khms ANemh- bmIpp. CtX coXn
bns `Khm t{]c-lnXcmb a\pjyp Zi\w
\Ipn- . AXmbXv Ahsc kw_n- n- Stmfw B
]cmin hfscb[nIw AIsebmbn nXn-sNpw. adn
v , t{]ans hnfn tIp kabw t{]an- P\- - fpsS
apn {]Xy- s- Spp. t{]anP\sf kw_np ]c-
ta- iz- c kZmka- bhpw \nIS- hnbmbn nXn- sNp
p. CXp IqSmsX `Khm kZm k{X ]cn-]q-\pw.
CXpsImv Ghpw AIsebpw AXpt]mse Ghpw
ASppw Ahn-Sps kmnyw {]IS-amIpp. Fp
sImsm `Khms kmnyanm HcnSw- t]mepw
Cu PKn Ahtijn-pn-. AJn-enepw A-
I K
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35
cymanbmbn- cnp- XpImcWw Atlw \tmSv AXyw
kao]mbncnpp. Fm Am\nIfmbnp- h
At-ls Cu cq]n Xncn-dn-bp-n- . Ahsc
kw_n- nStmfw Atlw hfsc hfsc AIsebmbn
nXn-sNpp (KoX 1315). `Khm Cu ImWp
kakvX PKn\pw ]c-am[mchpw ]ca Ic- W\pw BIp
p. AXn-\m AIpw ]pdpw Fm epw
Atlw ]cn]q- \mbnhnpp (KoX 77).
kw_w C\n ASp cp a{-fn-embn Cu ]c-
{_- ]c-ta- izcs\ Adnbp alm]pcpjmcpsS nXn-
sb- n hn- pp.
6. bkv Xp khmWn {`Xm\ym
- t\yhm-\p]-iyXn
kh`qtXjp Nmm\w XtXm \
hnPqKp- ]v ktX.
C{]Imcw bmsXmcp kIe {]mWnh-tbpw
km[mc-ambncnp ]c- {_ ]pcptjm-a\n, ]c-
{_- n ImWpIbpw AXpt]mse ]c- {_s {]mWn
h- n ZinpIbpw sNppthm Ah\v Bsc- sb-
nepw shdpphmt\m tZzjnphmt\m Fs\ Ignbpw?
Ah kZm kabhpw Xs ]c-am {]`phns\ Zinp
sImv (KoX 629, 30) a\- qambn AJnetbpw {]W
an-pIbpw kIetcbpw tkhn kuJyapmm
Bin- pIbpw sNpp.
7. bkv an khmWn `qXm\ymXvssa-hm
-`q-Zzn- Pm-\Xx
X{X tIm tamlx Ix timI
GI-Xz-a- \p]iyXx
C{]Imcw a\pjy ]c-ammhns\ \mbn Xncnn- dn
bptm, Pohn-Ifn Ah ]c-ammsh GIam{X
XXzs Zinptm, Ah\p kZmkabhpw ]c- amm
hns Zi\w e`n- p- sIm- n- cn- p- p. Cu kabw
Ahs AxIc-Wn timItamlmZn- hnImc- v
Fs\ m\-apmbncnpw? timItamlmZn- hnImc- -
fpsS Omb-t]mepw Ahs lrZb- a-WvUen Gim
- hn[w Ah B\- - a- \m-bn- o-cpp. a\pjy
Ahs\ Fmw {]hnp- h\mbn ImWmdpsnepw
B kabpw Ah Xs \mYt\mSp IqSn Dmkambn
{IoUnpsImn-cn- pp (KoX 631).
kw_w C\n C{]Imcw ]c-ta-iz-cs\ XmXzn-Iambn
AdnbpXpsImpw ZinpXpsImpw D ^es
hnhcn- pp.
8. k ]cyKmp{I-a-Imb-ahv dWa-kv\m-hncw
ip- a- ]m]hnw
Ihna-\ojo ]cn`qx kzbw-`qbmYmX
YytXmYm hrZ[mmiz-Xo`y: kam`yx
ta hnhcn-n-p-Xpt]mse ]c- ta- izcs\ Fmhn-[-
nepw ImWpIbpw Adn-bpIbpw sNp alm ]pcp
j ip`mip` IP\nX {]mIrXkqvaicoc\pw ]-
`uXnI, An, kncm, amwkmZn- ab jUvhn-Imc-bp
qetZl- c- lnX\pw On{Zc- lnX\pw ZnhyknZm\- - L\\w
AXpt]mse {ImZinbpw AJn-etbpw Xs \nb-
v d- Wn shbvp km[n-]Xnbpw kzm`ojvS-
m {]IS- amIp- h\pw k\mX\-Imew apX kIePo
hcmin-Ipw-thn Ah-bpsS Im\pkc-W-amb
Fm hkvXp- tfbpw krjv Snp hn`P\w \Sp- h\pw
Bb B ]c- {_ ]pcptjm- a\mb ]c- taizcs\ {]m]n
pp.
kw_w ASp aqp a{- -fnembn hnZybptSbpw
Ahn-ZybptSbpw XXz- hnhcn-pp. Cu {]Ic-W
n ]c- {_- {]m]vXnp km[- \-bmb m\s
hnZy F t]cnepw kzmZn temI{]m]vXn AYhm Cu
temInse hnhn[ t`mssKiz-cy{]m]vXnpthn- bp
km[mcW Is AhnZy F t]cnepw hnfn- pp.
9. Aw Xa: {]hn-in tbhnZymap-]mktX
XtXm `qb Ch tX Xtam b D
hnZymbmw cXm:.
bmsXmcph t`mK-fn Bk-\mbn AhbpsS
{]m]vXn-p km[- \mcq]amb Ahn-Zysb \m\m{]Imc-
ap Imbn A\pjvTn-ppthm Ah B
I-fpsS ^ekz-cq]ambn Am\mImc-m
]cn-]q-amb hnhn[ tbm\n-Itfbpw t`mK-tfbpw
{]m]n-pp. Ah a\pjyP--ns ]c-a-e-yamb
{io]c- ta-iz-cs\ {]m]n- msX \nc-c- ambp P\-\ac- W
cq]amIp {]]{]hm- l-nsp hnhn- [- -fmb
km] A\p`hnp Igntb-Xmbn hcpp. cma-
Xmbn bmsXmcp AxIc-Wipnp thn-b-m
sXbpw {kjvSmshp am\yX AwKoIcn-msXbpw
I A\pjvTnpIbpw hnthI sshcmKymZn m\
ns {]mYanI km[-\-IfnmsX tkhnpIbpw sNp
p. Fm tIhew imkv {X]mT tInv kzbw hnZy
bpsS m\-ns anYytcm]w sNbvXv m\m`nam\n
bmbn-cn-p-Ibpw C-s\-bp anYymm\n kzbw
m\nbmbn `mhnv ""Rv bmsXmcp I-hyhp
an'' Fp]d- psImp I- hyI- sfmw XyPn
pIbpw C{n-b- p hio`qX-\mbn imkv{X-hn-[n-
Ip hn]coXambn tXmnb- Xpt]mse I BN
cnpIbpw sNpp. Cu Imc- Wm Ch kIma-`m
htmSpIqSn I A\pjvTnp hnjbmk-
cmb a\pjysc At]nv A[nIX- c- amb A- Imcs
]ip, ]n, iqIc--IqIc XpSn \oNar-Ktbm\n-I
sfbpw cuch Ipw`o]mImZn tLmc \cItfbpw {]m]n
pp.
I K
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36
kw_w imkv{X-ns bYmXmcyw a\-n-
emn m\- tbpw Itbpw A\pjvTn- p-Xp
sImpmIp ktm-aamb ]cnWmas hn
pp.
10. A\ytZhmlphn-Zy-bm-\yZmlpc-hn-Zybm
CXn ip{ipa [ocmWmw tb \kvXZv
hnNNn-tc.
m\-ns bYm kzcq]w kt{ijvTamb
^ew {]Zm\w sNpIbmIpp.\nXym\nXy hkv Xp-fpsS
hnthIhpw W`wKpchpw hn\mi ioehpw A\n- Xyhpw
Bb sFl- euInIhpw ]c- euInIhpw Bb t`mKhkvXp
-tfmSpw AhbpsS km[- \-tbmSpw D ]q hnhc-
nbpw kwb-a-]q-amb ]hn{X Pohn-Xhpw GIam{X
kn- Zm\- L\- amb ]q {_- Nnbn AJ- -amb
eo\-Xbpw Cu bYm m\- ns A\pjvTm\w
sImp {]m]vX-amIp. bYm m\- ns Cu
ktm-aamb ^ew m\m`n- am\- n cXcmbbm
sXmcp tkzmNmcnIp Zp-Xncq]amb ^ewInptm
AXn\npw Fm- - c-nepw hn`n- - ambn- cn-pw.
CXphn[w ktma ^eZmb- Iamb I- fpsS kzcq
]wIn I- mhns A`nam\m`mhhpw cmKtZzj
- fptSbpw A`nemj-fptSbpw A`mhhpw AXpt]mse
kzw hm{ia ]cn-n-Xn-I-\pkc-Wambn `K
hXvtkhm`mhn am{Xw {i-tbmSptkh\- hpamIpp.
AhbpsS A\pjv Tm\w-sImp kakvX ZpKpWfpw
ZpcmNmcmfpw \ntjw \in- pIbpw ljtimImZn
kakv X hnImc- fn \npw clnX\mbn km[- I arXyp
amb- kw- kmc-n\npw ISpt]mhpIbpw sNp-p.
kIma`mhtmSpIqSn \S-s- Sp Ip e`n
p ]p\- cq]amb ^etm bYm I
tkh\- n\p {]Xn^ew {ijv Thpw at\ml- c- hpamIp.
kw_- w- -apIfn ]d Xc-n-ep m\hpw
Ihpw- -c-n-sbpw XXz-sf Hnp \mbn {Kln-
p- XpsImp ^e- fmWv C\n ]dbp-Xv .
11. hnZym NmhnZymw N bkvXZv thtZm`bw kl
Ahn-Zybm arXypw Xozm
hnZybmar-Xa- iv\ptX.
I- n- tbpw AI- n- tbpw bYm
clkyw {Kln- p-Xn henb henb _pn-ammp
t]mepw sXp]n- bn-cn-pp (KoX 416). Cu ImcWw
sImpXs Ic- l- kyn A\-`n--mcmbp
m\m`nam\n- I Is {_-m\- np _m[-
Iambn IWmpp. Xqew X-fpsS hm{itam
Nn-X-amb AhiyI-hysf XyPn-pp. Fm
C{]Im-c- ap XymKw-sImv Ahp XymKns
bYm- ^ew I_-fn\npw tamN\w e`n-
pn (KoX 188). CXphn[w m\-ns (AIm
hm ss\jvIy) XXzw {KlnmXp ImcWw a\p
jy Xs-s m\n- bmbpw {]]n-\p]-cn-
bmbpw IcpXpp. Ah Xsfs ]m]]pWyfn
\ntmjnIsftmse Cjv Sm\pkc-Wambp ImNc-
W- fn hym]rXcmbpw Isf `mc- cq]ambpw IcpXn
Dt]n- pIbpw AekX, \n{Z apXemb {]tZi-fn
Zp`amb kzw am\- hPohnXnse Aaqeykabs
\jvSs-Spn-- f- bpIbpw sNp-p.
Cu cphn[-amb A\-fn\npw cs]Sp
-Xn-\p GtIm]mbw Intbpw m\-n-
tbpw cl- kys Hcpt]mse a\- nemn Ahsb bYm
tbmKyw A\pjv Tn-pIbmbn-cpp. bmsXmcp Cu
cn-sbpw XXz- sf Htc kabw \mbn a\- n- emp
pthm Ah Xs hm{iattbm ]cnX- nXn-
\pcq]amb imkv{Xhn-lnX I- tftbm XyPnpn- .
]Icw Ahbn Imhns A`n-am\-tmSpw cmKtZz-
jmZn ^em`n-emjc- ln-X-\mbnpw Ahsb bYmtbmKyw
BNcn-pp. CXpsImv Ahs Pohn-X-bm{X kpJ-
ambn \Spp. Cu `mhtmSpIqSn Im\pjv Tm\w \S
p- Xns ]cn-WX-^-e-ambn Ahs AxI-cWw
kIe ZpKpW-fn\npw hnImc--fn\npw cln-
X-ambnv AXyw \neambnocpIbpw `KhXv Ir]
bm Ah arXypab kwkmc-n\npw kzm`mhn-I
ambn ISpt]mhpIbpw sNpp Fv a{fn ]d
npv. Cu Ikm[- \-tbmSpIqSn hnthI sshcm
Kyk-ambn \nc- cw {_- hnNmc cq]amb m\m
`ymkw A\pjvTnp IgnbpXn-\m {io]c- ta-iz-cs
bYm mt\mZbw DmIpIbpw AXnthKw ]c- {_
- ]c- ta-iz- cs kmmXvmc- apmhpIbpw sNpp.
kw_w C\n-bp ASp aqp a{-fn-embn
Akw`qXnbptSbpw kw`qXnbptSbpw XXz- sfn ]dbp
p. Cu {]Ic- Wn Akw`qXn-i_vZns Aw
]q-cq]n k-bn- mXv Fmbn-cnpw. C-
s\- bp hn\mikz`mhtmSpIqSnb tZhI, ]nXr,
a\pjy apX- emb-hbpsS tbm\nIfpw AhtbmS\p_n
p t`mKkma{KnIfpw BIpp. a{n Akw`qXn-
bpsS m\v ""hn\mi'' F hmp]tbmKn-pp.
kw`qXn-i_vZn\v Cs\ AIev]\ sNpp.
bmsXmns k kq-ambn-cn-ppthm AXv
kq-P-Kns D-n, nXn, kwlmcw Ch
sNbvXpsImncnp Ahn\minbmb ]c- {_-]pcptjm
-a (KoX 76; 7) FmIpp.
12. Aw Xa: {]hn-in tbkw`q-Xn-
ap-]m-ktX
XtXm `qb Ch Xtam b D kw`qXymw cXmx
bmsXmcp hn\mi kz`mhtmSpIqSnb kv{Xo,
]p{X, [\w, am\w, Ion, A[n-Imcw apX-embn Cu
temInsbpw ]c- temInsbpw t`mKkma{KnIfn
I K
N P
37
Bk- \mbnv Ahsb- s kpJ-tl-Xp-fmbn Icp
Xppthm AXpt]mse Ahsb BnpXn\pw tkhn
pXn\pw apgph kabhpw hn\ntbmKnppthm Cu
t`mKhkv Xp- fpsS {]m]v Xnpw kwc- Wn\pw A`n
hr-npw thn tZhX-Itfbpw ]nXr--tfbpw a\pjy
tcbpw D]mknppthm Ah kzbw P\\ acW N{I
- fn ]Xnncn- pXp ImcWw A`mh{Kkv Xhpw imco
cnI Zrjv Snbn hn\miIc- hpamb Ahnbnembn- cn- p
Ibpw sNpp. Chsb D]mkn-p t`mKmk-cmb
a\pjy Xmm- fpsS D]mk\m ^eambn hn`n tZhI
fpsS temIn hn`n--t`mKtbm\nIsf {]m]n-pp.
CXpXs AhcpsS Am\- cq]amIpp; tLmcmIm
c-ntep {]thi\- amIpp (KoX 720, 23).
cmaXmbn bmsXmcp imkv{XXm- cy- tfbpw
`Khms ZnhyKpW- tfbpw `mh- tfbpw XXz- tfbpw
AhbpsS cl-ky-tfbpw {Kln-mbvI aqew `Kh
`P\w sNmsXbpw t`mKmkn-Ifn apgpInbpw Ign-
bpXpImcWw temItkh\-nepw imkv {X- hn- ln- X- -
fmb tZthm]mk\- bnepw {]hr- cmbncnpp. C- s\-
bp hnjbmk-cmb a\pjy Ir{Xn-a-ambn Xsf
Cuiz- tcm]mkIcmbn hnizkn- nv kcf lrZb-cmb P\-
- sfsmv Xsf ]qPnn- pp. Ah anYym`nam\-
m tZhIsf Xpamn ]dbpIbpw imkv {Xm\pkmc-
ap AhiyI- hy-fmb tZh]qP, Kpcp]qP apXem
bh X- fpsS hmKv Pme- fm abn Ah-cpsS
lrZbfn tZthm]mk\ apXembhsb-n shdppw
hntZzjhpw krjvSnpIbpw sNpp. C- s\-bp- h
Xsf-s Cuizc- Xpeyambn ImWpIbpw ap- hsc-
smv AXv AwKoIcn-n-pIbpw sNbvXv Xn-jvS-{]
Imcw ZpcmNmc- - fn apgpIn PohnXw \bnpp. Cs\
Zw`n-Ifmb a\pjy X-fpsS ZpjvI-fpsS Xn-
^ew A\p`hnp- Xn\p _m[y-cmbnv IqIc iqIcm
Zn- Ifmb \oNtbm\n- Ifnepw cuc-hIpw- `o]mImZn tLmc-\-
c-I-fnepw sNv AhnSps {Iqc- bmX-\Isfmw A\p
`hnt- Xmbn hcpp. hn\mi kz`mhnIfmb tZhXIsf
D]mknp- hsc At]nv Chp in AXyw
tLmc kz`mhtmSpIqSnb-Xmbncnpw (KoX 16- 18, 19).
kw_w imkv {Xns bYm Xmcyw icnp
a\-n-emn kw`qXn-bptSbpw Akw-`qXn-bptSbpw D]m
k\ \Sp- Xn-\m ktm-aamb ]cnWmaw knn
pp Fv ASp-Xn hnpp.
13. A\ytZhmlp: kw`hmZ\yZmlpc-kw`hmXv
CXn ip{ipa [ocmWmw tb \kvXZv
hnNNn-tc.
]c- {_ ]pcp- tjm- a-`-Khms\ kin-am,
k, km[mcw, ka-b, AJne PKn-
sbpw krjvSn-n-Xn-kw-lmc- Imhv, \nXy, Ahn-
\min Fns\ a\nempIbpw t{]a]q- amb lrZ
b- tmSpIqSn \nXyhpw \ncchpw Bbn B Znhy\mahpw
cq]hpw [mahpw AXpt]mse {]mIrX KpWc- lnXhpw Znhy
KpWabhpw Bb knZm\ kzcq]s kv acnpIbpw
{ihn- pIbpw Io\w sNpIbpw sNpI. C{]Imcw
bYmnep D]mk\sImv D]mkI\v AXn-thK
n Ahn\min-bmb ]c-{_ ]pcptjm- as\ {]m]n-
phm km[npp (KoX 934). Cuiztcm]mk\- bpsS
anYymcq]w [cnp \Sp-hp e`np ^en\p
hncp-ambn Cu bYm D]mkI\p e`n-p ^ew
Ghpw t{ijvTamb- XmIpp. imkv{X- - fptSbpw {io`K
hmtbpw Bm\pkcWw ]nXr, {_mW, amXm
hv, ]nXmhv, BNmcy, m\n-I XpS-n-b- hp
tkhm-]qPmZn-I X-fpsS I-hyambn IcpXpI.
Chsb `Khms Iev]\bpw tkh\- hpambn IcpXpI.
Cu hn[w \njvma-`mhtmSp IqSn tkhm]qPmZn-I
A\pjv TnphcpsS AxIcWw ip- ambnocpIbpw
Ahp `Khms Ir]bpw {]k- Xbpw e`yamhpIbpw
sNpw. Xqew Ah arXypab kwkmc-kmKcw IS-p
t]mhpIbpw sNpp. hn\mi ioecmb tZhI XpSn
b-hsc kImtam]mk\ sNp- Xn \npw e`yamhp
^en\npw CXp kYm hncp-amIpp.
kw_w kw`qXn-bptSbpw Akw-`qXn-bptSbpw XXz-
sf Hmbn {KlnpXpsImp ^ew C\n kv]jvT
amp- p.
14. kw`qXnw N hn\miw N bkv XZv
thtZm`bw kl
hn\mti\ arXypw Xozm kw`qXymar-
X-a-iv\p-tX.
bmsXmcp a\pjy, ]c- {_-]pcptjm- a \nXy\pw
Ahn\minbpw khym]nbpw kin- am\pw km
[mchpw km[n]Xnbpw kmmhpw kt{ijv T\pw
\nXy \npW\pw ({]mIrXKpWc- ln- X) \nXy kKpW
\pw (kz- cq- ]- `qX Znhy- I- eym- W- Kp- W- K-W- hn-`q- jn-X)
BIpp Fp a\-n-emppthm, AtXmSpIqSn tZh
I, ]nXr-, a\pjy XpSn F{Xtbm tbm\n-Ifpw
t`mK hkvXpfpw Dtm Ahsbmw hn\mikz`mhtm
SpIqSn-bXpw W`w-Kpc- fpw BsWpw P\-\- a-cW
kz`mhtmSp IqSnb-XpImcWw AXnZpxJ Imc- W-fm
Ipp Fp {Klnppthm, Ahbn \nlnXambncp
kmkv^qnbpw inbpsamw `KhamsWpw
Atlns PK{Ins kpNmcpcq]tmSp IqSnb
Ne\-n\p thn `KhXv {]oXn- pthn Ahsb bYm
m\--fn bYmtbmKyw `Khms hmpIfmIp
imkv {Xw Bm]nncnppthm, B a\pjy sFln
I]c- euInI tZh]nX- cmZn temIfnse t`mKkpJ- -fm
k- - cm- ImsX B{ K- l- fpw aa- X- Ifpw lrZ- b-
n\npw \njv mk\w sNbv Xp bYmtbmKyw imkv{X
hn[n{]Imcw tkhm]qPI \Spp. CXp ImcWw Ah
I K
N P
38
cpsS Pohn- X- bm{X kpJ- ]qw \SpIbpw B`yc- -
fmb hnImc- \inv AxIcWw ip- amhpIbpw `K
hIr- ]sImv Ah kzm`mhn- Iambn arXypab kwkm
c- kmKcs IS- pt]mhpIbpw sNpp. hn\mikz`m
hnIfmb tZhXmZnIp \njv mtam]mk\- tbmSpIq
Sn-bp Ahn-\m-in-bmb ]cmXv ]c-{]`phns D]mk\-
sImv Ah AXn-thKw Aac-kz- cq]\mb PKZoiz- cs\
{]Xyambn {]m]npp.
kw_w ]c-ta- izcs\ D]mkn- p-hv AhcpsS
Ay- Ime- n ]c- ta- izc {]m]v Xn- mbn Fs\
{]mn- Wsav C\n ]dbpp.
15. lnc-Wva-tb\ ]mt{XW kXykym]n
-lnXw apJw
XXzw ]qj-]mhrWp kXy[mb
ZrjvS-tb.
`-m Cs\ {]mn-Ww: Atbm `Khmt\,
Ahn- Spv AJne {_mWvUn- tbpw kwc- I\mIp
p. A- bn\npw Fmw ]pjv Sn {]m]n- p- p.
kXyhpw [hpw A-tbmSp `nbmhpp. Rm
CXn apgpIn-gnbpp. AXmbXv Fs ]pjvSn Fs
at\mc-Y- ]qn, AhnSpp sNbvXpsImn-cn-p- XmIp
p. knZm\ kzcq] {]Imia- b-amb kqcyaWv Uen
\pXpeyw ann-n- fnsmn- cnp tPymXnab bh
\n- Ibm AhnSps apJw BhrXambncn- pp. Rm
AhnSps Bhc- Wc- lnX\mbn Zinm\m{Klnpp.
AXmbXv A- bpsS kn[m\- n hv Asb \ncm
hc-W\mbn Zi\w \S-p-Xn\p XS--fmbn-p
kIe Bhc- W-tfbpw F\npthn amn-tc- Wta.
A- bpsS knZm\ kzcq]s {]ISamn- tc- Wta.
16. ]pjt-Itj ba kqcy {]mPm]Xy
hyql civao kaql
tXtPm bt cq]w IeymWXaw
Xt ]iyman
tbmkmhku ]pcpjx tkmla-kv an.
`Khmt\, Ahn- Spv Ahn- Sps kzm`mhn- Iamb Ir]
sImp `-mcpsS `n- km[\- - fn XpjvSn {]Zm\w
sNbv Xp Ahsc t]mjn- n-p-h-\mIpp. Ahn-Spp
kakv X m\nIfnepw A{KKWy\pw ]ca m\-kz- cq
]\pw kzw `- mp Xs kzcq]ns bYm
m\w {]Zm\w sNp- hcpw BIpp (KoX 1011). Ahn
Spv AJnetbpw bYmtbmKyw krjv Sn- v, \nb{n-v,
kwc-np sImn- cnp-h\mIpp. `-mcptSbpw
m\n-IfptSbpw ]c-a-amb eyw Ahn-SpmIpp.
Ahn-tb-\mbn-cpnpw Xs `-hm-eykz-`mhw
tlXphmbn `nam- nqSn `- mv AhnSpp
Xs shfns- SpnsmSppsImncnpp. AhnSpv
{]Pm]Xn- Ip hfsc {]nb- s- -h\mIpp. tl {]t`m,
Cu kqcyaWv UenseX]vXc- ivanIsfbpw AXns D{K
c-ivan- Isfbpw Xn- tev Bhm-ln-sm-Xpn- bm-epw.
Cs\ Ahn- Sps Znhy kzcq]ns {]Xy- Zi\w
\ItW. Ctm Rm A- bpsS Ir]mXntcIwsImv
A-bpsS kucy am[pcy\n[nbpw Znhy]ca IeymW
hpamb knZm\ kzcq]s [ym\- Zrjv SnbnqSn Zin
psImn-cn-pp; _pnbn IqSn {KlnpsImn-cn-p
p. Imc-Ww, Av ]ca ]pcpj\pw Cu kqcysbpw
AJne {_mWvUn-tbpw BmhmIpp. Fs
Bmhpw CXpX- s- bmIpp; AXmbXv Rm\pw AXpX
s.
kw_w [ym\- am-nqSn `Khms kzcq]
Zi\w \Snbnv km[- I `Khms kmm kn-
[m-\- n Fp--Xn-\pthn shsImpIbpw
icocw XyPn-p kabw qekqva-icoc--fpsS
hnLS\- sb- n Nnn-psImp `Khmt\mSpIqSn {]mn
pIbpw sNpp.
17. hmbp-c-\n-ea-ar-Xa-tYZw `kvamw icocw
Hmw {ItXm kvac IrXw kvac {ItXm
kvac IrXw kvac.
]c-a-[ma-n-tep bm{Xn-I\mb km[- I Xs
{]mtW- {n-b- - sfbpw ico- c- sbpw Xn\npw
kYm `n- ambncpXn Ahsbmw AXmXpIfpsS D]m
Zm\X-Xz- -fn-tev Ft-pambn hnebn- n- p- Xn\pw
qekqv a- ico-cs ]q-ambpw hnLSn-n-p-
Xn\pw B{Kln- pp. AXpsImv Cs\ ]dbmdpv;
{]mWmZn kajvSnhmbp BZnbn ebn- s, qeicocw
In NmemIs. ]ns Ah Xs Bcm[ytZhX-
bmb ]c- {_- ]pcptjm- a\mb `Khmt\mSp {]mnp
p. Atbm b-ab- \mb alm hnjv tWm, kn- Zm\
hnm\-kz-cq]\mb ]c-taiz-cm, Ahn-Spv kzw P\-
amb Ftbpw Fs I- tfbpw]n Nnn- t- Wta.
Av kzm`mhn- Iambn Ftbpw Fm Dm- s-n-
p `nkzcq]Imcy- tfbpw kv acnt- Wta. `Khmt\,
Av Ftbpw Fs I-tfbpw kvacn-t-Wta.
AyImen Rm A- bpsS kvarXntbmSpIqSnbn-
cnpsan Xobmbpw AXnthKw F\nv A- bpsS
kn- [m\n Fphm Ign- bpw.
kw_w Cs\ Xs Bcm[-\maqn-bmb ]c-
{_ ]pcptjm- a- \mb `Khmt\mSp {]mn- nv km[-
I ]c-a-[ma-n-tep t]mIp kabw B am-n-
ep An- tZht\mSp {]mnpp.
18. AKvt\ \b kp]Ym cmtb
Akvam hnizm\n tZh hbp\m\n hnZzm
bptbm[ykva-p- lpcmW-tat\m `qbnjvTmw
tX \a Dnw hnt[m.
I K
N P
39
Atbm AKv \n`Khmt\, Rm\n-tm Fs ]c-a{]
`phmb `Khms kn-[m\-nsen-tn-cn-pp.
Fmmehpw Cu `KhXv kn-[n-bn hkn-phm
B{Klnpp. Av AXnthKw Xs Fs ]c- akp-
chpw awKea-b-hpamb D-cmb\ am-nqSn `K
hms ]c-a-[ma-n Fn-mepw. Av Fs I
sf Adnbp- h\mIpp. Rm Bbpjvmew apgph
`Kh`n-bn Ign- pIqSn. `Khms Ir]bm Cu
ka- bpw [ym\-t\-{Xm B Znhykzcq]s Zin-
p-Ibpw B ]hn-{X-\maw Dcn- p-Ibpw sNp-p.
Fmepw Cu am-n Fsnepw hnLv\- -fmb
I Ft- Xmbn--htijn-ppsn Ap
Ir]tbmsS \in- n- t- Wta.
imn- ]mTw
Hmw ]q-aZx ]q-anZw ]qmXv
]q- apZ- NytX
]qky ]q-amZmb ]q-ta-hmh
-in- jy-tX.
Hmw imnx imnx Hmw imnx
CXns hymJym\w BZyw sImSpnp- XmIpp.
{in- pI: CXnse ]Xn\pw ]Xn\mdpw a{ IqSp
X {iml- - fmsWp alm]Wv Un- Xm ]dnp
v. Fmhcpw `Khi\- n\mbn {]mnWw Fv
CXn ]db- sSpp.
]Xnt\- gv, ]Xns\v a{ AyImeKpWn\v D]
Icn- p-XmIp-p. Cu a{a-\pkcnv AyImep
{]m\ \S- p a\pjyp apn- bpmhpw. AXn-
\m ChbpsS `mhmw HpIqSn sImSppp.
17. tl ]c- ammth, Fs Cu C{nbw, {]mW XpSnb
AXmXpIfpsS Imc- WX- Xz- fn eo\- ambnocpIbpw
Fs qeicocw `kvaambnocpIbpw sNs. CXp
kw_nv Fs a\-n Aev]am{X-amb Bkn-
t]mepw DmIcptX. tl b- ab\mb hnjvtWm, Ap
Zb-hpmbn Ftbpw Fs I-tfbpw kvacn--
tW. AhnSps kv acnp- Xn\m Rm\pw Fs I
fpw ]hn-{X-ambn-ocpw. Rm \n- b-ambpw Ahn-
Sps ]mZtkh sNm Fn- tcpw.
18. tl An- kzcq]\mb ]c- taizcm, AhnSpv Fs [\-
amIpp kkzamIpp. AXx Ahn- Sps {]m]nm
\mbn AhnSpv Fs D- a- amfn kzw Nc- W
kao]w Fn-- tW. Fs F{Xsb{X ip`mipIM
- fpv; Ahbvv AhnSps ad-bvm\mhn; AhnSpv
Fma-dn- bp-h\mIpp; Rm Cu I-fpsS _e
n Ahn- Sps {]m]nm Ign- bp- h\- . kzbw Zb-
hptXmn AhnSpv Fs AhnSpt- Xmt- Wta. Ahn
Sps {]m]vXnmbn bmsXmcp ]m]w {]Xn-_ambn-cn-
ptm AXns\ Ahn-Sps AIp-Xn-\mbn Rm
hopw hopw AhnSps \a- kv-cnpp.
Q
D]\n-jp-fn hfsc {]kn-n-tb- dn-bXmWv ITn-
t\m]\njv. CXv Irjv WbPpthZns ITimJ- bpsS
A`mKamIpp. CXn \NntIX- ntbpw batbpw
kwhm-Zcq]n ]c-amm-hns cl-kya-b- X-Xzs
hfsc D]tbmK{]Zambpw hniZambpw hnn- cnpp.
CXn cymb- fpw Hmtcm Aymb- nepw apqp
hn-Ifpapv .
imn- ]mTw
Hmw kl \mhh-Xp. kl \u `q\-p. kl
hocyw Ic-hmhssl. tXPkzn \mh[o-Xa-kvXp. am
hnZzn- jm- l-ssh.
ItTm]\njv
1
3
Hmw imnx imnx imnx
Atbm ]c- ammth, Av R Kpcpinjymv
Fm {]Imc-nepap c sNtW. R cpt]
tcbpw Ahn-Spp kapNn-X-amb coXn-bn ]cn-]me\w
sNt- Wta. R cpt]cpw A-bn\npw IqsS-
qsS Fm {]Imc- fnepw _ew {]m]ntWta. R
cpt]cpw IqSn Ayb\w \S- p hnZy tXPx]q-
ambnoc- tW. Hcnepw Bcn\npw hnZybn R
]cmPnXcmbnocmsXbncnt- Wta. R- cpt]cpw
PohnXw apgph ]c-kv]cw kvt\l- kq{X--fm _n-
X-cmbncn- t-Wta. R- fpS Dn Hcn- epw ]c-kv]c-
I K
N P
40
tZzjw DmImXn-cn-t-Wta. tl ]c-am! {Xn]mZ
p \nhrn Dm- tW.
Aymbw Hv
1. Hmw Di l ssh hmP-{ihkx
kth-Zkw ZZu
Xky l \Nn-tIXm \ma ]p{X Bk.
{Kmcw- `n ]c-ammhns\ kvacnpXv AXy
w awKfIc- amIpp. AXn\m ChnsS k {]Y-a- ambn
HmwImtcmmc- WtmSpIqSn D]\njmcw`npp.
bmsXmcpImew `mc- Xhjns ]hn{XmImiw b
[qa- fmepw AhbpsS ]hn{X-kuc- `ymepw ]cn]q-
ambncppthm XymKaqn- Ifmb Ejnap\n-amcm ]mS-
s thZa-{--fpsS Znhy[z-\n- Ifm Fm ZnpIfpw
apJcnXambncppthm B Imepmb {]kn- amb Hcp
CXn- lmkamWn-Xv. KuXa hwiob-\mb hmP-{ihm- P-a-
ljn AcpWs ]p{X As- n A-Zm\wsImp
almIon kmZn (hmPAw. {ih- AXns Zm\-
m kmZn biv ) aljn- bmb AcpWs ]p{X-
\mb DmeI aljn ^em`n- emjtmSpIqSn "hnizPvXv'
Fpt]cp Hcp almbw \S- n. Cu b- n
Xs kkzhpw Atl-n\p Zm\w sNt- Xmbn
hp. AXn-\m DmeI Xs k kpw EXzn-
pIpw kZkypw ZnWbmbn \evIn. DmeI\
\NntIXv F t]cn {]kn- \mb Hcp ]p{X\pmbn
cp- p.
2. Xwl Ipamcw kw Zn-Wmkp
\ob- am- \pkp
{imhnthi. tkma\y- X.
B Imep {][m\[-\ambn IWmn-bn- cpXp
tKm[-\- ambn-cpp. DmeI\v AXp [mcmfapmbn- cpp.
tlmXmhv, A[zcyp, {_mhv, DZvKmXmhv Ch \mepw {][m\
EXznpIfmbncpp. Chv Ghpw IqSpX tKmsf
Zn- Wbmbn \IWsa- Xmbncpp As Xocpam
\w. {]imkvXm, {]Xn{]- Xm, {_-Wmwkn, {]kvtXmXm
Cu \mev A{][m\ EXznpIv {][m\nIp sImSp
-Xns ]IpXn-hoXhpw AmhmI, t\jvSm, Ao[v d,
{]Xn-lm Cu \mev A{][m\n-Iv apJymp
sImSp- Xns aqnsempw {KmhkvXpX, t\Xm, tlmXm,
kp{_Wy Cu \mev A{][m\mv apJymp
sImSp- Xns \men- semp hoXhpw tKmsf Zn- W
bmbn sImSp-Ww. \nb-a{]Imcw Chsmw ZnW
\evIp- Xn\p tKmsf sImphtm _me\mb \Nn
tIXv Ahsb Ip. AhbpsS Zb- \ob-amb \ne I
tms Ahs lrZb- n `nbpw BkvXn- Iy
`mhhpw Dmbn. Ah Nnn- phm XpSn.
3. ]otXmZIm PKv[-XrWm ZpKv[-tZmlm
\ncn-{nbm:
A\m \ma tX temImkvXm k KXn
XmZ-Z-Xv.
]nXmhv F-s\- bp tKm- sf- bmWp Zn- Wbmbn
sImSppXv ? Ctm Chbv p I\np shw IpSn
p- Xn\p intbm ]pp Nhp Xnp- Xn\p ]p
Itfm Csm. ChbpsS kvX\--fn ]mens Awiw-
t]mepw Ahtijnnntm. Fn\n[nIw ]dbpp. Ch
bpsS C{n- b- t]mepw \nt- jv S- am- bn- cn- p- p.
Chbv v K`[mc- Wtijnt]mepw Hpan- sm. sImmw,
C{]Imcw \ncIhpw ac- WtmSSpncnp- Xpamb
tKm Ahsb sImpt]mIp {_mWcpsS hoSpI
fn ZpxJ- amsX asp kw`mh\ sNpw? \app kz
ambn kpJw e`n-pXpw em`Ic-ambXpw {]nb- s-Xpw
Bb hkvXpsf thWw Zm\w sNphm. AXpt]mse
Zm\w Bp \Is- Sppthm Ahpw em`hpw KpW
Ichpw {]nb-s-Xpambn- cn--Ww. ZpxJ-Zmbnbpw D]tbm
Kiq\yhpamb hkvXp Zm\w sNpXv Zm\- ns
t]cn \S-s- Sp h\-bmIpp. AXp kzoIcn- p
-htcbpw hn-pIbmWp sNp-Xv. C{]Imc-ap
Zm\w- sImv ZmXmhn\p kpJw teiwt]mepanm \oN
tbm\n- Ifpw \c- ImZn temI-fpa- msX asmpw e`np
n. ]nXmhv Cu Zm\wsImv FpkpJw kmZnpw?
Ch kkz- Zm\cq]n- bmb bw \Snbnpw D]Im
c- {]Z- fmb tKmsf F\npthn kqnncnpp.
AXv XnIpw sXpXs- bmWsm. Rm\mWsm Atl-
ns kkzhpw. Fs Zm\- ambn- tlw sImSpp
an. Fm Rm Atl-ns ]p{X\mWv . AXpsIm
pXs Rm ]nXmhns\ Cu A\n-jvS- Imcn-bmb ]cn-
Wman\npw cn-p- Xn\p kzbw _enbnpw.
Fs ISa CXpX- s- bmIpp.
4. k tlmhmN ]nXcw XX Ikvssa amw
Zmky-ko- Xn.
ZznXobw XrXobw Xw tlmhmN arXyth
Xzm ZZmao-Xn.
C{]Imcw \n- bn-psImv Ah ]nXmhn- t\mSp
]dp ""]nXmth! Rm\t A-bpsS [\w, Av
Fs Bp sImSppp?'' ]nXmhv bmsXmcp adp]
Snbpw ]dn. Atm \NntIX- v, hopw ]dp
""]nXmth, Fs BpsImSppp?'' ]n#mXhv Cu {]mh
iyhpw au\-ambn-cp-tX-bpq. ]s A[`ocphpw
]p{X-[w Fs-dn-ncp-h\pamb \NntIX-n\v
Hpw kln- m Ign- n- . Ah aqmw- h- hpw
tNmZnp ""]nXmth! Av Fs BpsImSppp?''
Cu {]mhiyw aljn t{Im[mhn-jvS-\mbn ]dp
""\ns arXyphn\p sImSppw.''
I K
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41
kw_w CXptIv \Nn-tIXv am\-kn-Iambn Nnn-
phm XpSn
5. _lq\mtaan {]Ytam _lq\mtaan a[yax
Inw kznZyaky Ihyw b-amZy
Icn-jy-Xn.
]p{X- mcpw injymcpw aqn\-ns- Spp; D-
a, a[ya, A[- a. bmsXmcp Kpcphnttbm ]nXm
hnttbm at\mcYw Adnv AhcpsS \ntiw IqSmsX
Xs AhcpsS at\m-cYw km[n-p-sImSpppthm
Ah Da h- ns- Sp- p. B e`n- -
Xn\ptijw {]hn-p-h a[ya-h-nepw Adn-
npw \ntinnpw {]hnphm Xmdnm- h
A[-ah-nepws]Spp. Rm hfsc-b-[nIw injym
cp--Xn {]Y-a- t{iWn-bns- Spp; AtX-coXn-bn
{]hn-pp. hf-sc- b- [nIw injym a[yh-
nsSpp; AXn{]Imchpw Rm BNcnphcpp.
A[- a- h- n Rms\mcnepw s]Spn. B e`n
nv AX- \pkcnp Rms\mcnepw {]hnmXn- cpn
n. ]ns ]nXmhv C{]Imcw FtmSp]d-bphm Imc- W
sav ? Hcp hnhchpw Inpn-. arXyptZh\v Cv Fs
Zm\w sNbvXv, Fp {]tbmP\w Dmphm\mWv ]nXm
hm{KlnpXv ?
kw_w Hcp ]t ]nXmhv t{Im[mthim ]d
pt]mb- Xmbncnmw. FsnepamIs. Atl- ns
hmp ]ment- n- bn- cnpp. ChnsS ]nXmhv ]m-
]n-p--Xmbpw ImWpp. AXpsImv Atls
kmz- \- s- Spt- XmhiyamWv . C{]Imcw Nnnv \Nn
tIXv GImX-bn-en- cn-p ]nXmhns kao]p
sNv Atl- ns timI\nhrn- pthn C{]Imc-
ap Bizmk hN\- ]dp
6. A\p]iy bYm ]qt {]Xn-]iy XYm]tc
kkyanh aXy: ]NytX kky
an-hmPmbtX ]p\:
]nXmth! \psS ]nXmal- mcmb ]qmcpsS BN
c- W t\mnbmepw. A{Xt]mseXs Cmep
ap t{ijv T ]cpjmcpsS {]h-\- - tfbpw {in- p
I. AhcpsS Ncn-{X--fn ]pw Ctmgpw AkXyw
FXv Hcn- epw kw`hnn- t- bn- . AtbmKymcmb a\p
jy am{Xta AkXymNc- W- fn Ignbppq. Fm
B A[sImv Bpw AP-c\pw Aa-c\pw
BIphm Ign-bpIbn- . a\pjy ac-Wkz`mhtmSp
IqSn-b-h\-t{X. a\pjy [ym\--sf-tmse PcmPo-
ambn \inpIbpw [m\y-sftmseXs Ihim
]p\w FSppIbpw sNpp.
kw_w Cu A\nXy Pohn-X- n-\pthn a\pjy
Hcnepw I- hysf XyPnnv anYymNcWw A\pjvTn
t Bhiyan. Av timIs XyPnv A-bpsS
kXys ]menp- Xn\v A\phZnmepw. ]p{Xs hmp
I tItm DmeI\v AXyw ZpxJ- apmbn. Fm
\Nn-tIX-ns kXy]cmbWX Iv Atlw Ahs\
bacmPs ASp- tebv-b-p. ba- kZ\- nsenb- Xn-
\ptijta \Nn- tIX- n\v ba FhntStbm t]mbn- cnp
IbmsWp a\- nembpq. AXn\m aqpZnhkw hsc
\Nn- tIXv Ahpw Pehpw IgnmsX ba-cmPmhns\
{]Xon- n-cpp. ba-cmP aS-n-h-tm Atl-
ns ]Xv\n ]dp
7. sshizm\c: {]hn-iXyXn-Yn
{_mtWm Krlm
XsskyXmw imnw Iphn lc
sshhkz-tXm-ZIw.
kmm An-X-stbm Fp tXmpamcp tXP-
kvkn\m t{]mzenX\mb {_m- W AXnYnbpsS cq]
n Krln Fgpnbncn-pp. km[plr-Zb
\mb Krl- Xs \-bvpthn B AXn-Yn- cq]n-
bmbn Ansb imamp- Xn\v Ah\p Pew (ALy
]mZymZn) sImSppsImn- cnpp. AXn\m, Atbm
kqcy- ]p{X Av B {_mW _mes ]mZ-
IgpIpXn\v AXn- thKw Pew sImphmepw. Fs
m AXnYn XpSbmbn aqpZn- hkw Asb {]Xo
np \ncmlmc- \mbn- gnbpp. Av Ahs\ ip{iqjn
psa- n Ah im\mIpw.
8. Bim-{]Xot kwKXw kq\rXmw N
CjvSm]qt ]p{X- ]iqw khm
GXZv hrMv t ]cpjkymev]ta-[tkm
bkym-\-iv\ hkn {_mlv atWm Krtl.
bmsXmcpcps `h\- n AXnYn{_lvaW hni
tmSpIqSn-bn-cn- ppthm a-_pn-bmb B a\pjy
Ah ]q- ambminncnp bmsXmpwXs e`yam
Ipn. Hcp ]s Fsnepw InIbmsWns
AXn\npw bmsXmcp KpWhpw knn- p- I- bn- .
Ahs hmpIfn\npw kucyhpw kXyhpw am[p
cyhpw AIpt]m- Ip- p. AXmX-bXv at\m-lcamb
`mjW- fn\np kpJ- t]mepw Ah\p e`yamIpn
. Ahs bPv R-Zm\mZn CjvSIfpw InWdv, Ipfw,
[ime apXmeb- hbpw AhbpsS ^efpw \jv Ssp
t]mIpp. AXpam{Xa, AXnYnsb k- cnmXncnp
-XpsImv Ahs ]q]pWy{]m]vX--fmb ]p{X-
mcpw tKmfpw [\hpw \in- t]mhpIbpw sNpp.
kw_- w- ]Xv\nbpsS hmpI tIbpSXs [
cmP AXn- thKw \Nn-tIX-ns ASpp sNpIbpw
ALy]mZymZnIfm bYmhn[n Ahs\ ]qPnpIbpw
sNbvXpsImv ]dpXpS- n.
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42
9. Xnkvtdm cm{Xob-ZhmoKrtl ta
A\-iv \ {_--Xn-Yn\-aky:
\akv tX kvXp{_ kzkvXnta kv Xp
mXv {]Xn {Xo hcm hrWojz.
{_-WtZh! Ap \akvmcmZn kmc- p
tbmKy\mb Fs AXn-Yn- bmIpp. Fm km[n-p
nStmfw Asb k-cnp ktmjnnp- Xn\p
Rm\minpp. Fs t\mpd- hpsImv aqpZnhk-
tfmfw Av A\-i\m\mbn Igntb-n- hncnpp. `K
hmt\, Fs sXpI an-pv F\nv awKfcptf-
Wta. Av Hmtcm cm{Xnp ]Ic-ambnv Fn\npw
At-b-njvSap aqp hc- tNmZnepw.
kw_-w- Xt]maqnbmb {_-W_mes A\- i\-
m `oX\mbnv [PvR- \mb bacmP C{]Imcw ]d
- tm Xs ]nXmhn\v awKfapmIWsap Bi
tbmSpIqSn \Nn- tIXv ]dp
10. imkev]x kpa\m bYm kym
ZzoX-a-\ypKuXtam am`n-artXym
XzXv{]krjvSw am`n-h-tZXv {]XoX
GXvd-bmWmw {]Yaw hcw hrtW.
arXyptZh, aqp hc- - fn BZytXp Rm tNmZn
pp. KuXa hwiob\mb Fs ]nXmhv DmeI
t{Im[mhnjv S- \mbn Fs A- bpsS ASp- te- bnv
Ctm Aim\pw ZpxJnX\pambnoncnpp. F\n
pthn Atlw t{Im[- c- lnX\pw imNn\pw kZm
kpjvS\pambn- oc- Ww. IqSmsX A-bpsS A\pa- Xn-
e`nv Rm Krl-n Xncn-psNptm Atlw
Fs kzw ]p{X\mb \NntIXv F cq]n Xncn
dnv FtmSp ]qhXv kvt\l-tmSpIqSn kwkm
cn-pIbpw sNWw.
kw_- w- b- acmP ]dp
11. bYm ]pc-kvXmZv `hnXm {]XoX
HumeIn- cmcp-Wna-Xv {]krjv S:
kpJw cm{Xo: ibn-Xm hoX- a\yp
kvXzmw ZZr-in-hmr-XypapJmXv {]ap-w.
arXyphIv{Xn\np tamN\w t\Sn Krl-n aS-
nsb-p \nsf ImWptm, Fs t{]c- Wbm
\nfpsS ]nXmhmb AcpW]p{X DmeI hfsc {]k
- \mIpIbpw \nsf kzw ]p{X-\msWp Xncndnbp
Ibpw ]q- hXv kv t\ln- p- Ibpw At- l- ns
t{Im[hpw ZpxJhpw imamhpIbpw sNpw. \nsf e`n
p- XpsImp taen Atlw kpJ- ambn \n{ZsNpw.
kw_- w- Cu hcw e`ntm \NntIXv ]dp,tl
bacmP!
12. kz temI \ `bw InwN\mkvXn
\ X{Xw Xzw \ Pcbm _nt`Xn.
Dt` Xozmi\mbm-]n-]mtk
timImXntKm tamZtX kz-temtI.
13. k Xzanw kzya-t[yjn artXym
{]{_q ln Xzw {i[m\mb alyw.
kz-temIm AarXvXzw `P
GXZv ZznXotb\ hrtW htc-W.
kz-temIw hfsc kpJ-Ichpw bmsXmcp `bmSp
Ifn-m- XpamsWp Rm\dn- bpp. kz-temIn
Bcpw hrmh- sb {]m]npn. aytemIn
A- bm BfpI acnp- Xpt]mse Bcpw acnpn
, AhnsS ac-WImethZ\-Isfmpw-X-s- bn-. ChnsS
Pnhn-I hnipw Zml-hpw-sImv Ip--Xpt]mse
AhnsS kw`hnpn. Ahn-Ss \nhmknI timI
sf XcWw sNbvXp \nXy ku`mKyw A\p`hnpp.
Fm B kzw AKv\n-hn- PvRm\w t\SmsX e`n-p
n. Atbm arXyptZh, Av B kzns km[-
\m`qX-amb AKv\nsb bYmcq]n Adn-bp-p.
F\nv B An-hn-Zybnepw Abnepw Aan- X-amb
hnizmkhpw `nbpw Dv . ` XXz-ns AhIm
inbmIpphsm. AXn\m Av Ir]tXmn F\nv
B An-hn-ZybpsS D]tZiw \In-bmepw. AXp {Kln-
nv BfpI kz-temIn hknv Aar-X-Xz-s--
Aa-c-Xzs-- {]]n- -s. CXv Fs cmas hc-ambn
A- tbmSp bmNnpp.
kw_- w- At bacmP ]dp
14. {] tX {_hoan XZp ta \nt_m[
kzKym-anw \Nn-tIXx {]Pm-\
A\-tem-Im]XnatYm {]XnjvTmw
hnn Xztahw \nlnXw Kplmbmw
Atbm \Nn- tIXt Rm B kz-ns km[-
\mcq-]n-bmb AKv\n-hn-Zysb \Xpt]mse Adn-bp-p.
AXns\ AXns bYmcq]n \n\-p]tZin- X- cp
p. \o CXns\ \mbn {Kln-psImpI. Cu AKv\n-
hnZy A\-hpw hn\mic- ln-X-temIs {]]n-p-Xn-
\pXIp- XpamIpp. AXns kzcq]w Akm[mc-WamIp
p. Fm AXv AXyw Kp]vX-amsWp \o [cn-p
sImpI. hnZzmmcpsS _pncq]amIp Kpl-bn AXv
Hfnp hknpp.
kw_- w- C{Xbpw ]dnv bacmP
15. temImZn-anw XaphmN Xkvssa
bm CjvSIm bmhXohm bYm hm
k Nm]n XXv{]XyhZZytYm
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43
aYmky arXypx ]p\-tc-hml XpjvSx
ta{]Imcw An- hn-ZybpsS almXvayhpw tKm]\ob-
Xbpw ]d- sImSpnv AKv\ntZh kztemIns
Imc-Wkz-cq]amb AKv\nhn-ZybpsS- clkyw \Nn-tIX-
ns\ {Kln-n-p. AKv\np Ip\nmWn,
BImcw F{]Imc-ambn-cn--Ww, CjvSnI F{X-sbw
thWw, AXpt]mse An-bpsS Nb\w F{]Imcw \S-
Ww Fnhsbmw hfsc X-b- Xz- tmsS {Klnn-
p. XZ\-cw \Nn- tIX-ns _pn-tbbpw kv arXn-
tbbpw ]co-n-p--Xn-\pthn ba-cmP ]dp
""\n {Kln-nS-tmfw Fs Hcp {]mhiyw tIn-
p.'' XovW_pnbmb \NntIXv AXptInv, Ah
F{]Imcw bYmw {Kln-n-cppthm AtX-{]Imcw
Xs ]dptInp. bacmP\v Ahs Akm[mc-W
amb kv arXnbpw {]Xn`bpw Iv AXyw ktmjapm
bn. A\-cw ]dp:
16. Xa-{_hoXv {]ob-amtWm almm
hcw XthlmZy ZZman `qbx
Xsshh \mav\m `hn-Xmb-an:
krmw tNama-t\-I-cq]mw KrlmW.
almmhmb ba-cmP AXyw {]k- \mbn \Nn-
tIXnt\mSp ]dp \n- fpsS A{]Xnaamb tbmKyX
Inv F\nv AXy[nIw ktmjw tXmpp. CXp
ImcWw Hcp hcw \n Bhiys-SmsX Xs Rm
Xcpp. AXv CXmIpp. ""Rm \n\- p]tZinp Xncn
p Cu An \ns t]tcmSpIqSns {]kn- ambn
o- cpw.'' AtXm- Sp- IqSn CXpw kzoI- cn- p- sIm- p- I.
\np kzw tZhXz{]m]vXnpthn- bp At\- I
cq]- tfmSpIqSnb hnhn[b- -hn- m\cq]nbmb Cu
cXv\ame Rm Xcpp. CXp kzoIcn- mepw.
kw_w B An-hn-ZybpsS ^es ba-cmP
hnpsImp ]dbpp:
17. {XnWmNn-tI-Xkv{Xn-`n-tcXy knw
{XnIIrXv XcXn P-arX
{_-Pw tZh-aoUyw hnZnXzm
\nNmt amw imn-a-Xyta-Xn.
Cu Ansb aqp {]mhiyw A\pjvTnp- h Ev,
bPpv, kmaw Cu aqpthZ- fpambn _- s- nv aqp
thZ- fptSbpw XXzc- l- ky-fn \njv ImX\mbn, \njv Im
a`mhtmSpIqSn bw, Zm\w, X]w Fo aqp I
-tfbpw A\pjv Tn-p-sImp P\-\-a-c- WkmK-c-n\v
Asc ISpp. {_mhn\nv D- gn krjv SnIsf
Adnbp kvXh\ob\mb Cu AntZhs\ \Xpt]mse
Adn- nv Ansb \njvma- `mhtmSbpIqSn Nb\w
sNbvXv F\np e`yamb A\-imn bmsXmmtWm
AXns\ {]m]npp.
18. {XnWmNn-tIX-kv {X-b-ta-XZzn-ZnXzm
b Ghw hnZzmw-n-\ptX \mNn-tIXw
k arXyp]mim ]qcX: {]tWmZy
timImXntKm tamZtX kz-temtI.
GXm-Ir- Xn-bn F-s\-bp CjvSn-II, F{X-
sbw thWw, F{]Imcw Ansb Nb\w sNWw
Cu aqp kwKXnIfpw icnp a\- nemnbnv, bmsXmcp
hnZzm aqphw \mNn-tIXmn-hn-Zysb \njvIm-a-`mh
tmSpIqSn A\pjvTm\w sNppthm Ansb kam
l- cnppthm Ah tZlmn\p aptXs arXyp
]mis XInv timIc- lnX\mbn Ahkm\w kz-
temInse B\- s A\p`hnpp.
19. Gj tXKv\n\-Nn-tIXx kztKym
ba-hr-WoYm ZznXotb\ htcW
GXaKv \nw Xsshh {]h-yn P\mk
kvXrXobw hcw \Nn-tItXm hrWojz.
bacmP ]dbpp. tl \Nn- tIXp \o cmas
hc-n Bhiys- X\pkcnv B kz- {]m]vXnp
km[\mcq]amb AnhnZysb D]tZinp Xncnpp.
CpapX BfpI \ns t]cns Cu Ansb
hnfnpw. \NntIXt C\n aqmas hcw Bhiys-
psImpI.
kw_w \Nn- tIXv aqmas hcw bmNnpp.
20. tbbw t{]tX hnNn-Inm a\ptjy
kvXotXytI \mb- a-kvXoXn ssNtI
GXZzn- Zyma\pinjvS-kv Xz-bmlw
hcmWm-taj hc-kvXr-Xobx
Cu temIkpJ-pthn ]nXmhns\ ktmjn
npXn\p hchpw ]ctemIn\pthn kz km[
\mcq]amb An- hnm\hchpw {]m]nn- v, \NntIXv
Bmhns bYm kzcq]hpw AXns\ {]m]n-p-
Xn-\p D]mbhpw {Kln-p-Xn-\pthn ba-cmPs
apn ap- hcptSXmb c`n{]mb- AhX-cnnnv
Atl- ns A\p`qXhnNmcw Adnbphm\m{Klnpp.
AXn-\m \Nn- tIXv ]dbpp: `Kh, acn a\pjysc
kw_nv Hcp henb ktlw \nehnepv. ac- Wtijw
Bmhns AkvXnXzw Dsp Nnecpw Csp ap
Nnecpw hmZnpp. CXp kw_n- p AbpsS A\p
`-h- m\w Acp- fn- sbvXm-epw. A- bpsS D]-tZ-i-
n\npw CXns clkyw Rm icnbmbpw {Klnp
sImmw. aqp hc- -fn F\n--`ojvS-amb hcw Cu
aqmat- XmIpp.
kw_w \Nn-tIX-ns al-Xz-]q-amb tNmZyw
tIv bacmP Bcm Ahs\ {]iwknp. Atlw Nnn
p. Ejn-Ipamc-\msWnepw henb {]Xn-`mimen Xs.
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44
Fsmw tKm]\ob hnjb-- fmWv Adnbphm\m{Kln-
pXv ? ]s B- XXzw AXp]tbmKnphm Ign- hp
- hp thWw D]tZin-phm. A\-[n-Imcn- Ifmb-
hv B- XXzw D]tZinpXv AXyw lm\nIc- hp
amWtm. AXn- \m BZyw ]m{X- ]coWns Bh
iyapv C{]Imcw Nnnp ba- cmP Cu XXz-ns
ITn-\- X-Isf hn-psImv \Nn-tIX-ns\ AXn
\npw ]nncnnphm {ianpsImp ]dp
21. t`sshc- {Xm]n hnNn-In-nXw ]pcm
\ ln kphn-tb-a-Wptcj [x
A\yw hcw \Nn-tItXm hrWojz
am tam]tcmocXn am krssP-\w.
\NntIXt, Cu B-XXzw AXyw kqva-hnj
b- amIpp. CXp a\- nempI Ffp- ap Imcya. ]p
tZhIpt]mepw Cu hnjbn kt-l-apmbn- cp
p. Ahcnepw CXp hfsc hnhmZhnjb- ambn- cpnpv ,
Fm Ahpw CXp {Klnphm km[nnn. AXp
sImp \n asmcp hcw tNmZn-psImpI. Rm
aqphcw Xcmsap hmpXnntm. AXn\m Rm
\np IS- mc- \pamIpp. Fm \n Cu hc-
n\pthn, am\y\mb Hcp IS- mc-\n kw sNep
p- Xpt]mse Fs hnjann- cpXv. Cu B- XXz- hn
jbw F\np Xncnp Xcq; CXv F\n-pthn Dt]
n-q.
kw_w \Nn-tIXv B-X-Xz-ns ITn-\- X-I
tInv Aev ]wt]mepw ]cn{`ann; Ahs Dmlw ao
`hnn- . adnv, Ah HpIqSn ZrVXm]qw ]dp
22. tZsshc-{Xm]n hnNn-In-nXw Ine
Xzw N artXym b khn-tb-am
hm Nmky XzmZr-Kt\ym \ et`ym
\mt\ym hc-kvXpey GXky In-Xv.
tl artXym! ApXs CXp ]dphtm. ]pcmX\-
Imep tZhI Cu hnjbs kw_nv BtemN
\- I \S-n- bn- cpspw Ahv AXp {Kln- phm
Ign-n-spw Cu hnjbw Ffp-apX AXyw
kqvaamsWpw. Atm AXpsImpXs a\- nem
phm km[np- Xv , CXp hfsc al-Xztadnb hnjb-
amsWmWv. A-s\-bp alXz ]q-amb hnj
bs {Klnnp-Xn\v A-sb-tmse A\p`hm
\- ap Hcp hmhns\ hfscb[nIw At\zjnnpw Ip
Inphm F\np Ignnspw AhnSpp [cn- - Ww.
AhnSpp ]dbpp: CXpt]nnv asmp tNmZnpsIm
phm. Fm CXn\pXpeyamb asmcp hcw Csp
Xs Rm hnizknpp. AXn\m Ir]m]qw CXv
F\np]tZinp-Xmepw.
kw_w hnjb-ns ImTn\yw Ip \NntIXp
`bs- n. Ah Xs \n- b- n ]gb- Xpt]mseXs
Dd-p\n-p. Cu ]cobn Ah hnP- bmbnop.
Atm ba- cm- P asmcp ]co- bpsS cq]- n
AbmfpsS apn hn`n- - fmb {]tem`\- \nc- n
shbv p- Xn-s\- n Nnnp ]dp XpSn
23. iXmbpjx ]p{X- ]u{Xm hrWojz
_lq ]iq lkvXn-ln-c-Wyma-izm
`qtaa-l-Zmb-X\w hrWojz
kzwb N Poh ictZm bmhZn-kn.
\Nn- tIX- t, \o hfsc \njv If-\mIpp. Cu hcw
sImv Fp t\amWp \n\-pmIpXv? ZoLPohn
Xn\pXIp kpJ- t`mK hkvXpsf kzoIcnq. \qdp
\qdp kwhvX{k Pohn- n-cn-p ]p{X-]u{XmZnIfS-
p henb ]cnhmc- s- tNmZnpsImq. tKm apX
embn D]- tbm- K- {]- Z- - fmb arKtfbpw B\- I,
kzw, IpXn-c-I Chb- S- p hn]peamb km{amPy
t- - sbpw tNmZnq. Chsbmw A\p`hnp- Xn\v
F{X Imew Pohn-Wtam A{Xbpw Imew Cjv Sw- t]mse
Pohn- n- cppsImq.
24. GXpeyw bZn a\ytk hcw
hrWojz hnw Nnc-PohnImw N
alm`qau \Nn-tIX- kv Xz-ta[n
Imam\mw Xzm Ima`mPw Itcman.
""\NntIXt, \o {]Npc- [\ kv, ZoLPohnXn
\pthn- bp kpJ-kma{Kn- I, Asn a\pjyv
B-X-Xz-hn-jb- n\p ka-ambn F{X-am{Xw t`mK-
t`mKnphm km[nptam Ahsbmw tNmZnpsImp
I. \o Cu hnime`a-WvUens N{Ihn-bmbn-
s IgnpsImpI. Rm \ns kIekpJ- fpw
Cjv Sm\pkcWw A\p`hnp- h\mnopsImfA
fmw.'' C{]Imcw bacmP Xs hmIvNmXpcym B-
X-Xz-ns alXzw Dbn-smpw \Nn-tIX-ns\
hnimet`mK ImWnp {]tem`nnpsImpancpp.
kw_w C{X-bpambnpw \Nn-tIXp Xs \n- b-
n Dd-pXs \np. Atm kz- nse ssZhnI
t`mKsf-mWnp {]tem`n-n-psImv ba- cmP ]d
p.
25. tb tb Imam Zp`m aXytemtI
km Imamw-ivOX: {]m-bkz
Cam cmam: kcYm: kXqcym
\ loZrim ew`\obm a\pssjy:
B`na-Xv{]m`n: ]cn-Nmc-bkz
\Nn-tItXm acWw am\p-{]mo:
I K
N P
45
\NntIXt, Fsmw kpJ aytemIn
Zp`-fmbn- cn- ppthm Ahsb Fmw \o CjvSm\p
kcWw tNmZnpsImpI. Cu cY- -tfbpw hnhn[ Xc-
n- ep hmZy--tfm-SpIqSn kz- nse kp-c-c-a-
WnItfbpw kzoIcn-q. A-s\-bp kp-cn-Isf a\p
jynSbn HcnSpw ImWpI km[ya, henb henb
aljnamt]mepw Ahpthn {]tem`\ hiK-cmbn
on-pv. Chsbmw \n\p Rm AXn-thKw
\Imw. \o Chsb kzoIcnp aS-n-tmIq. Ahsc-
smv \ns Bhiy \nlnp IgnpsImq.
Fm B- hnZysb- n am{Xw \o tNmZn- - cpXv.
kw_w bacmP injys- ta kzm`mhnIambn Zb-
hp alm\p`mhnbmb BNmcy\mIpp. Atlw ]co
WtmSpIqSns `bhpw ]Sn]Snbmbp kpJ- t`m
K-fpsS {]tem`\hpw sImv , Ipn Cfn Dd- n- p-
Xpt]mse \Nn-tIXns sshcmKyk- amb ZrV\n-
- bs hopw IqSpX Dd-np. BZyw ImTn\yns
`bw ImWn- p. ]noSv Cu temInse kpJt`mKkma-
{KnIsf HsmmbpbnmWnp. Ahkm\w kz-
temItmSpw Ah\p sshcmKyw DmIp- Xn\v kzo
b-kpJ-t`mKfpsS Nn{Xhpw Ahs apn Dbn-
mWnp. A\- cw ]dp: "\o Chsbmw B B-X
Xz-kw-_n-bmb hc- n\p Xpeyw IWmpps
n Ahsb tNmZnpsImq. Fm \NntIXv ZrV
\n- b\pw kXyhm\pambncpp. Cu temIntebpw ]c-
temIn-tebpw Ghpw henb t`mKkpJ--sf, B-
m\ kpJ- ns Hcp p{ZmwitmSpt]mepw Xpe\w
sNphm kmyasv Ah\-dnbmambncpp. AXpIm
cWw Ah Xs \n- bs bpn-]qw kan-
psImv ]q- sshcmKybp- amb hmpIfn bacm
Pt\mSp ]dp
26. tizm`mhm ayky bZ-ssIXXv
kth{n-bmWmw Pc-bn tXP:
A]n khw Pohn-Xa-ev]tah
Xsshh hmlmkvXh \rXy-KotX.
Atbm kmI\mb ba-cmPmth, Av Fs
apn DbnmWn kpJ-t`mK hkvXp-fpsS aln
aIsfmw tIhew W`wKpc- fmIpp. \msfhsc \ne
\nptam Fpt]mepw Rm kwibnpp. ChbpsS
kwtbmKn \npmIp kpJ- hmkv Xhn
kpJta A, Ah ZpxJ-a-t{X. Cu t`mKyhkvXp
bmsXmcp em`hpw kw`mh\ sNpn. adnp a\pjys
C{nb-- fpsS tXPpw [hpw lcnpIbt{X sNp
- Xv.
Av F\np \Iphm\m{Kln ZoLPohnXs
A\- Ime Pohn- XtmSp Xpe\w sNptm tIhew
Aev ]w am{Xta BIppq. {_mhp apXemb tZhm
cpsS Pohn-Xhpw Aev]Imetp am{X-ta-bpq. Hcn-
Ahcpw acn-t-n- hcpw. Fn ap- hcpsS
nXn Fmbncnpw? AXpImcWw Rm\nsXmpw B{K
ln- pn. A-bpsS cY- , B\, IpXn-c, ca- Wn- am,
AhcpS \r- Fmw ApXs ssIhiw shp
sImq.
27. \ hnt\ X-Wotbm a\ptjym
e]vkymatl hn-a-{Zmva tNXv Xzm
Pohn-jymtam bmhZo-in-jykn Xzw
hc-kvXpta hc-Wobx k Gh.
a\pjy [\w sImv Hcnepw Xr]v X\mIpnsv
A-dn-bpp. An-bn s\pw hndIpw CSp-Xp
sImv AXv Hns\mp inbmbn Bfn- pp. A{]
Imcw Xs [\-n-tbpw t`mKn-tbpw {]m]vXn-
sImp t`mKm`nemjMv l HpIqSn hnimeambnocp
p. AhnsS Xr]v Xn F-s\- bpmIpw? AhnsS cmhpw
]Iepw A]q-X-bptSbpw AXr-]vXn-bptSbpw An
PzenpsImtbncnpw. C{]Imc- ap ZpxJZmbnbmb [\-
tbpw t`mKtbpw _pnbp Bpw Bhiys-
Sphm km[ya. F\nv Fs PohnXmhiymbn
F{Xam{Xw [\w Bhiyaptm A{Xbpw [\w AbpsS
Zi\w- sImv kzbw {]m]vX- ambn- ocpw. ]ns-bpXv
ZoL Pohn-X-ns ImcyamIpp. AXp ac-Wmh-
bn AbpsS Iev]\ hcp- Xphsc F\np acWs
`bstS Bhiyansm! Xmc- W- fm ap hcw
tNmZn-pXv DNn-X-amsWs-\np tXmn-bn-. AXn-
\m Fs {]m\ AtX B- XXz hnjb- Iamb hcw
Xs- bmWv. F\nXp ]nhenphm km[ya.
kw_w C{]Imcw t`mK- fpsS XpXsb- n hn
np \NntIXv Xs hc- ns al- Xz- s-n ]d-
tijw AXp {]Zm\w sNWta- sbv ZrVX-tbmSpIqSn
A`ynpp
28. APo- cy-Xm-a- ar- Xm\m-ap-t]Xy
Pocy ay: Iz[x: {]Pm\
A`n-[ymb h-c-Xn-{]tamZm
\Xn-ZotL PohntX tIm cta-X.
Atbm bacmPmth, ApXs AcpfnsbvXmepw.
A- sb- tmse AP- c\pw Aa-c\pw Bb almmhns
Zp`hpw AtamLhpamb Iqp e`nn- v, PcmacW kz`m
hap kv{XoIfpsS kucynepw {IoUIfnepw BtamZ
{]tamZ-fnepw Bk-cmbn AXpIfpsS t\sc GsX-
nepw _pnam t\m-an- Sptam? Cu temIn ZoL
Imew Pohnp- Xn Bcv B\w ImWpw?
29. bkv an-nZw hnNn-In-n artXym
bm\z-cmtb alXn {_pln \kvXXv
I K
N P
46
tbmbw htcm KqVa-\p{]hnjvtSm
\m\yw Xkvam--Nn-tIXm hrWotX.
\NntIXv ]d-bpp ""tl bacmP, GsXmcp B-
X-Xz-kw-_-n-bmb almm\s--n, ac- Wm\cw
Bmhns BkvXnIyw Dtm Ctbm Fv BfpI
kwibw {]ISnnppthm, AXns\ kw_nv \n-
bm- Iambn Atbvv A\p`qX- amb m\s
F\nv Ir]m]qw D]tZinpXctW. Cu B- kw_
n-bmb hcw AXyw KqVamIpp, kXyamIpp.
Fm A-bpsS injy\mb \Nn-tIXv CsXmgnp
asmcp hchpw B{Klnpn- .''
kw_w C{]Imcw ]coI \S- n-gn- tm
\NntIXv ZrV\n- b\pw ]c-a-sshcmKyhm\pw \n`o
I\pw {_- hnZybvv Al- \pamsWp bacmP\p \n-
b- ambn. AXn\m {_-hntZym]tZiw Bcw- `np- Xn\p
apv AXns al- Xzs {]IS-amn- smv ba- cmP
]dp
1. A\ytdtbm\yZpssXh t{]b
kvtX Dt` \m\mt ]pcpjw kn\oX:
Xtbm: t{ib BZZm\ky km[p
`hXn lobtXmZy D t{]tbm hrWotX!!
a\pjyicocw A\y tbm\n-Isf-tmse I^ew
A\p`hnm\mbnam{Xw Inn- bnp- X. CXpsImp a\p
jyp `mhn-bn kpJ- kmZ\- n\p km[- \- fpw
A\pjv Tn-phm km[npp. thZ- fn kpJ- km[-\-
cmbn \nhNn-n- cn-pp. 1. t{ib-v- AXmbXp
kZmImehpw Fm ZpxJ- - fn\npw thZ\Ifn\npw
csv \nXym\- - kzcq]amb ]c- {_-]pcptjm- as\
{]m]n- p-Xn- \p D]mbw. 2. t{]b- vAXmbXv kv {Xo,
]p{X, [\w, amfnI _lpam\w, biv apX-embn Cu
temIn- tbpw kz-temInt-bpambn F{X- am{Xw
{]mIrXt`mKhkvXp- fptm Ahsb {]m]np- Xn\p
D]mbw. C{]Imcw AXmXnt- Xmb coXnbn a\pjyp
kpJw Zm\w sNp-Xn\p Ign-hp Cu cp km[- \-
Ifpw a\pjysc _- \- - cmpp. Ahsc AXmXpI
fpsS t\tc BIjnpp. A[nIw BfpIfpw t`mK-
fn {]Xyhpw Xmmen- Ihpamb kpJw Isp
p. Cu {]oXn Imc-Ww, AXns Ays-n Nnn-
msX t{]b-ns t\sc BIjn- s- Spp. Fm
GXm\pw `mKyhmm `KhXv Ir]bm t`mKfpsS B]m
Xc- aWob- Xbpw ]cnWma ZpxJ- ns cl- kyfpw {Kln
nv Ahbn\npw hnc- -cmbn t{ib-m[-\- IfpsS
t\tc BIjn- sSpp. Cu cn-\- nepws] a\pjy
cn Bcp `Khms Ir]m]m{Xambn t{ib- ns\ X\np
thn Xnc-s-Spppthm, X]c-XtbmSpIqSn AXn-
t- Xmb km[- \- Ifn hym]rX\mbn Ignbppthm Ah\v
Fm {]Imc- nepw D awKfw DmIpw. Ah Fs-
t- pambn Fm ZpxJ- - fn\npw ap-\mbn A\-
hpw, Akoa-hpamb B\-- kzcq] ]c-ammhns\ {]m]n-
pp. Fm bmsXmcp kmwkmcnI kpJ- km[-
\- Ifn apgpIn- - gn-bppthm Ah Xs am\h Pohn-
X- ns ]ca ey- amb ]c- am- - {]m- ]v Xn- cq- ]- amb
bYm {]tbmP\w t\Spn. AXn-\m Ah\v BXy
n- Ihpw \nXyhpamb B\w e`n-pn- . Ah\mIs
{`ahim kpJ- cq] F tXm- epmp A\n
Xyt`mK e`n-pp. Ah hmkvX- hn ZpxJ-Zmbn-
IXs Bbn- cn- p- sa- n epw Ah \nXym- \- -
n\npw {`jvS\mbn- ocpp.
2. t{ib t{]b a\p-jyta-X
kvXu kw]coXy hnhn-\n [oc:
t{itbm ln [otcm`n t{]btkm hrWotX
t{]tbm atm tbmKt-amZv hrWotX.
A[nIamfpIfpw ]p\- n hnizmkanm- h
cmbXpsImv Cu hnjb-sf-n A[nIw Nnn- mdn-
. Ah t`mK- fn Bk-cmbn X- fpsS tZhZp
`amb a\pjyPohn-Xs arKXpeyw t`mKkpJm\p`h
fn Ahkm\nn- pp. Fm Ghp ]p\
- nepw ]c-temInepw hnizmkaptm B Nnmio
ecmb a\pjycpsS apn t{ibx t{]bx{]iv\w hcp
tm Ah Ch cn-t\bpw]n icnp Nnn-pIbpw
Ch cn- t\bpw ]n {]tXyIw {Kln- p- Xn\p {ian- p
Ibpw sNpp. Chcn t{ijvT\pw _pnk-\pam
b- h cn-tbpw XXzs ]q- ambn a\- nemn \oc-
oc- hnthInbmb Ac- b- - s- tmse t{]b- ns\ Dt]
n-nv t{ib-ns\ kzoIcn-pp. Fm Aev]_p
nbmb a\pjy Xs hnthI inbpsS A`mhw aqew
t{ib- ns ^esf AhnizknpIbpw {]Xyambn
ImWs- Sp euIn-ItbmKta- n\pthn, AXns
knn-pthn, t{]b- ns\ kzampIbpw e`yamb
t`mKhkvXp kpc- nXambn kqnpIbpw A{]m
]v Xamb- hsb {]Npc- amb am{Xbn Inpsap hnNmcn- p
Ibpw CXpXs tbmKta-sap IcpXpIbpw sNp
p.
kw_w ]c- am {]m]vXn- p km[-\mcq]amb
t{ibns\ {]iw-knnv bacmP km[mcW a\pjycn
\npw \NntIX- n\p hntijXsb FSppImWnnv
Ahs sshcmKys {]iwkn- psImp ]dbpp
3. k Xzw {]nbm {]nb-cq]mw Imam
\`n-[ym-b--Nn- tItXmXy kv dmox
ss\Xmw krMvImw hn-a-boa-hm]vtXm
bkymw-a-n _lthm a\p-jym.
ba- cmP ]d-bpp ""tl \Nn-tIX-t, \ns ]co
nnv \o henb _pn- am\pw hnthInbpw sshcmKyk
I K
N P
47
\pamsWp Rm \Xpt]mse a\- nemnbncnp
p. kzbw henb ka\pw hnthInbpw XmnI\pw
Fsms IcpXn \Sp Bfp- I t]mepw shnnf
p kpIfpsS ambmtaml-heb-n AIs- p
t]mIpp. Ahtbbpw \o \ncmIcn-n-cn-pp. Rm
BIjWamb `mjbn XpSbmbn ]p{X, ]u{X,
B\, IpXnc, tKm, [w, kv, `qan apXembn Zpjv{]m
]yfpw tem`\ob-- fpamb t`mKsf ImWnp \ns
{]tem`n-n-p. am{X-a-, kznse Znhyt`mKfpw
A\p]a-kpcn- Ifmb kzob Xcp- WnIsfsm-p
Nnc-t`mK kpJ-ns {]tem`\hpw Dbn-mWn- p.
Fm \o Ahsbmw kzm`mhn- Iambn Dt]n-pIf-
p. AXpImcWw \o Xobmbpw ]camXXzs {ihn
p- Xn\p XnIpw A[n- Imcn- bmbn- cnpp.''
4. Zqc-tatX hn]cotX hnjq No
Ahn-Zymb bm N hntZyXn mXm
hnZym`o]vkn\w \Nn-tIXkw at\y
\ Xzm Imam _lthmtemep]-.
Cu AhnZy, hnZy F t]cpIfn {]kn-amb cp
km[- \-I {]tXyIw {]tXyIw ^esf {]Zm\w sNp
- hbpw ]c- kv]-c-hn-cp-- -fp-am-Ipp. bmsXmcp\p
t`mK- fn BknbpmIppthm Ah\p awKfkm
[-\-Ifn ]ptcmKan-phm km[n- pn-. bmsXmcp
awKfam- nse ]YnI\mbnocppthm Ah
t`mK- fpsS t\tc Zrjv Sn Dbpn. Ah \m\m{]
Imc- -fnep t`mK- tfbpw ZpxJ- Zmb- I-fmbn ImWp
Ibpw Ahsb ]cn- XyPnpIbpw sNpp. \NntIX- t,
\o hnZysb- s A`n- ejnpp Fp Rm hnizkn
pp. FpsImsm A\--fmb kpJ-t`mK
p \ns lrZbn teiwt]mepw {]`mhw krjvSn
phm Ignn- .
5. Ahn-Zymbma-tc h-am\m:
kzbw [ocm: ]WvUn-X\yam\m:
Z{-ayamWm: ]cn-bn aqVm
At-ss\h \ob-am\m bYmm:
Ftm A- \mb a\pjy\p am- Zinbmbn A-
s\-s e`n-ptm Atm Ah\v A`ojvS-m\
s- phm IgnbmXmhpIbpw CSbvp ImXn hogp
Ibpw, appI Xdpw IppIpgnIfn hoWpw Dbp
\nevp ]mdIfnepw `nn-Ifnepw arK-fpsS-taepw
Xnapnbpw \m\mhn- [- nep IjvS- X- I A\p`hn- t-
Xmbn hcnIbpw sNpp. AXpt]mse Xs B aqV
mp arK- fptSbpw ]nIfptSbpw ]pgppfptSbpw
bmX\m]q- amb tbm\nIfnepw, {Iqc-\c- I- fnepw {]th
inv A\-P--hsc Ahkm\anm bmX\- I
A\p`hn-t-Xmbn hcn-Ibpw Ah _pn-ammcpw
hnZzmmcpambn kzbw Al- cn-pIbpw hnZybptSbpw
_pnbptSbpw anYyml- mc- m imkv {Xtbpw alm
]pcpjm-cpsS hN\--tfbpw Aev]w-t]mepw hIh
bvmsX Ahsb Ahtlfn- pIbpw {]Xy kpJ-cq]
Fp tXmnb t`mKsf A\p`hn-p-Xnepw
D]mnp- Xnepw \nc- cw hym]rXcmbn a\pjyPohn
Xnse Aaqeyamb ka- bs hyambn \jvSs- Sp
pIbpw sNbvXpsImn- cnpp.
6. \ kmcmb: {]Xn-`mXn _mew
{]am-Zyw hn-tam-tl\ aqVw
Abw temtIm \mkvXn ]c CXn am\o
]p\x]p\-iam-]ZytX ta.
C{]Imcw a\pjyPohnXns al- zs Adnp
IqSm Al-mcn-bmb a\pjy {]] kpJ- t`mKk
pIfpsS {]m]vXn-pthn [\mZn-Ifn tamlnp
Pohnpp. AXmbXv t`mK- fn Bk-\mbn. {]amZ
]qw tXmnb-Xpt]mep BNc- W A\pjvTnp
hm XpSpp. Ahs lrZb- n ]c- temIw tXm-
s- Spn- . ac-Wm\- cw, X\np Xs kakvX I-
fptSbpw ^ea\p`hn-p-Xn\p hnhn-[-tbm\n-Ifn P-
sa- Spt-Xmbn hcpsap hnNmcw Ahs a\- n
DZn- p- tXbn. ChnsS {]Xy- n Fsmw ImW
s-Sppthm AXpXs temIw Fv B _pn- lo\
IcpXpp. ChnsS F{X-am{Xw hnjb- kpJw A\p`hn-
mtam A{Xbpw _pnbmbncnpw. CXn\- pdspv ?
]ctemIs Bcp In- cnpp? ]c- temIw BfpIfpsS
`mh\-am{Xw. Chsbmw am\yambn--cpXp a\pjy
XpSbmbn ba-cmPs ]nSn-bn-eIs-SpIbpw Atlw
Ahs I-\pkcnv Ahs\ hnhn[- tbm\n- Ifn
tep Xn-hnSpIbpw sNpp. P\-\- a-cW N{In
\npw Ah\p tamN\ta e`npn.
kw_w C{]Imcw hnjbmkcpw {]XyhmZn-
Ifpw Bb aqVmsc \nntijw B- XXzntbpw
AXns\ Adn-bpIbpw {Kln-pIbpw hn- pIbpw
sNp- hcptSbpw Zp`Xsb hnpp.
7. {ih-Wmbm]n _lp`ntbm \ e`y:
irWztm]n _lthm bw \ hnZyp:
Btcym hm Ipitemky e_v[m
tcym mXm Ipiem\pinjv Sx
B- X-Xz-ns Zp`-Xsb {Kln- n- p- - Xn\p
thn ba-cmP ]dp-\-Nn-tIX-kvtk, B-XXzw
km[mc-Wt]mep Hcp Imcya- . temIn A[nIam
fp-Ipw BXva-Ieym-W]c- amb Imcy- sf- -n-bp
NI tIp-Xn\pt]mepw km[n- pn- . {]`mX-
n DWcpXp apX cm{Xn DdpXpsImncnt
Np-]mSn Ah Pohnpp. AXn-\m AhcpsS a\v
I K
N P
48
Fpbma--fnepw hnjbNn--Ifn apgpIn--gn-bpp.
AhcpsS lrZb- -fn B-XXzw tIp-Xn\pw
{Klnp- Xn\pw D Nn Hcnepw DZnpn; AYhm
As\ Hcp k`w Dm- Ip- Ibm-sW-ns
Ahp hnjb- tkh\- n\npw Hcn-epw Hgn-hp
Inppan. NnebmfpI tIp {KlnpXp \sXp
IcpXn tIpp. Fm Ahs hnjb{Kkv X-amb
lrZb- n\v AXphln-phm km[n-msX hcpp.
Asn a- _pnbmbXpImcWw AXp {Klnm Ign
bpn-. bmsXmcp Xov W_pn-bmbn IcpXs- Sp
pthm As\ D- h- cns A- X- Xzs
bYmcq]n hn-phm Ign-hp alm]pcp
jam hfsc hnc- f-amtb ImWs-Sppp. A-X-
Xzs {]]nnv PohnXw k^-eamn- bnpXpw Htc Hcp
]pcpj am{X-ta-bpp. \Xpt]mse {Kln-v, PnhnXw
k^eamnbhcpw PohnXm\p`hfp-hcpw, B- Zin
Ifpamb BNmcymcn\npw D]tZiw e`n- nv, AXn\-
\pkc- aambn a\- \- \nZn[ymk\-m XXz- ns kmm
Xvmcw t\Sp ]pcpjmcpw temIn hfsc hnc- f
amtb DIppp.
kw_-w- C\n AXv a-PvRm-\-ns Zpe`-X-bpsS
ImcWw ]d- bpp
8. \ \tc-WmhtcW t{]m Gj
kphn-Pv tRtbm _lp[m Nnyam-\x
A\-\yt{]mt KXn-c{X \mkvXn
AWobm lyX- ya-Wp{]-amWmXv.
{]IrXn- ]cy-ap kqa-X-Xz- tfm Cu A-
XXzw kqa-amIpp. CXns bYm cq]w {Kln-n-
p-Xn\p Ign-hp almmsc e`n-p-Xphsc a\p
jyv AXn {]thi\w e`n- pI AXyw Zpjv-c- am
Wv . AXv A{Xbvp Kl\- amWv . Aev ]PvRm\w km[mcW
Adn- hpImcWw CXns\- n D]tZinpIbpw AXn-\- \pk
cnv hnhn-[-coXn-bn Nnn-pIbpw A`ykn-pIbpw
sNpIbmsWn AXns A-PvRm\ cq]amb ]ew
DmIpn-. BXva-XXzw Aev]w-t]mepw a\-n-emp
hm km[n-pIbn- . aphcn \npw {ihn-msX
kzbw X-hnX-bp-amb hniIe\wsImpw Cu
B- XXzw {Klnphm km[npIbn- . Fm {ihn
pI BhiyamWv. ]s CtX-kw-_n-p \ ]cn-
PvRm\w knn- n- p almmcn\npw thWw XXz- {i
hWw \Sphm. Atm X- n\pw AXoXamb Cu
Kl- \- hnjb- n ]cnm\w knnpp.
9. ss\jm XtW aXn-cm]t\bm
t{]mmt\yss\h km\mb t{]jv T
bmw Xzam]: kXy[r- Xn_Xmkn
XzmZrMv t\m `qbm--Nn-tIX: {]jvSm.
\Nn- tIX- ns\ {]iw- knpsImp bacmP hopw
]dbpp. Fs {]nb-s- -ht\. \ns Cu ]hn-{X-amb
_pnbpw \neamb \njvTbpw Ip Rm AXyw
{]k-- \m-bn-cn-pp. C{]Im- c- ap \njv TX--
fn\nv Hcnepw e`yamIphm kmya. AXmIs
`KhXv Ir]bm GsXnepw almmhns IqpsImpw
Atlw apJmn-c-ambp XpSbmb ]c-amma- l-Xz-
ns hni-Zhn-thN\w {ihn-p-Xn-\p ku`mKyw-
sImpw kwkn--amIpp. C{]Imc-ap \njvTX-s-
bmWp a\pjys\ B- m\n\pthn {]b- Xv\np
-Xn\p t{]cnnp- Xv. \ns Rm C{X- b- [nIw {]tem
`n-n-npw kzw Xocpam\n \o ZrVambn \np.
AXn \npw hmkv Xhn bYm [mc- Wbn \o
k-\msWpw hy-ambn-cn-pp. \Nn- tIX-t,
\app \ns- tmse tNmZnp hmp Pnmkp- sf
bm- Wm- hiyw.
kw_w Atm ba- cmP DZml-c-W-klnXw
\njvIma`mhs {]iwknpsImp ]dp:
10. Pm\maylw tih-[n-cn-Xy\nXyw
\ lyp[vdpssh: {]m]ytX ln [vdphw XXv
XtXm abm \mNn-tIX-ntXmn
c\n- ssXy{Zsshy: {]m]vX- hm- \kvan \nXyw.
\NntIXt! I- fpsS ^ekz-cq]amb Cu temI
n- tebpw ]c-temIn- tebpw t`mKkaql- - fmbn e`y
amIp \n[nI, Ah F{Xam{Xw Aaqey- fmbncpmepw
Hcp Znhkw Ah \inpw. AXmbXv Ah A\nXyamIpp
Fp Imcyw Rm \mb-dn-bpp. AXpt]mse
A\nXy km[- \- Ifn\npw \nXy hkvXpsf {]m]n- p
hm Hcnepw kmya. Cu cl- kys Adn- psIm
pXs Rm \Nn-tIXmn-bpsS Nb\mZn cq]n
Nne bmZn I-hyI A\nXy hkvXp
hgnbmbn Fm A`nemj- tfmSpw BkntbmSpw cln
X-ambn I_pn-tbmSpIqSn am{Xw sNbvXn-cn-pp.
A\nXy]Zm- sfsmp I- hy]me\ kzcq]-
fmb Cuizc- ]qP-I sNbvXv Rm \nXykpJ cq]\mb
]c-ammhns\ {]m]n-n-cn-pp. CXp \njvIma `mh
ns alnaXs-bmIpp.
kw_w \NntIXn Cu \njvIma`mhw ]q- ambn
IXpsImv Ahs\ {]iw- knpsImpXpScpp.
11. Ima-kym]vXnw PKX: {]XnjvTmw
{ItXmc\-ya-`-bky ]mcw
kvtXma-a-l-Zpcq-Kmbw {]XnjvTmw
ZrjvSzm [rXym [mtcm \Nn-tItXmXy{km- o.
\Nn-tIX-t, \n Fmhn-[-nepw t{ijvT\pw
_pn-k\pw \njvIma\pw BIpp. Rm hc- Zm\
I K
N P
49
ambn \ns apn hncnp kzw Fm {]Imc- n
epap t`mK- fm ]cn]qhpw PKns B[mc- kz
cq- ]hpw bm- Zn- ip`- I- - fpsS A- c- ln- X- amb
^ehpw Fm ZpxJ- -fn \npw `b- fn\npw cln
Xhpw kvXpXn--s-Sphm tbmKyhpw AXyw al-Xz-
]q- hpamIpp. thZ-fn AXns At\I hn[- n
ep KpWsf Km\w sNbvXn-cn-pp. AXv A\-
Imew \ne\np-XmIpp. \o AXns al-Xzs
icnp {Klnncpnpw ss[cytmSpIqSn AXns\ ]cn
XyPnncnpp. \ns a\v AXn Aev]wt]mepw Bk
-ambn-cpn-. \o kzw Xocpam\n ZrVambn
Ddp\np. CXp km[mc-Wamb Hcp kwKXn-b- . AXn-
\m \o henb _pnam\pw, A\mk\pw B- XXzs
Adnbp-Xn\p tbmKy\pw BsWv Rm IcpXpp.
kw_w C{]Imcw \Nn-tIX-ns \njvm-a-`mhw-
sImv Ch ]c- ammhns XXzm\- n\v bYm
amb AhIminbmsWp bacmP \n- bnpp. AXn
\m Ahs AxIc- Wn ]c-{_]pcptjm-
as XXz-s-n Pnmk hfp-Xn\v C\n- bp
cp a{- fn-embn ]c-{_ ]c-ammhns alnasb
hnpp.
12. Xw ZpZiw KqVa-\p{]hnjvSw
KplmlnXw Klz-tcjvTw ]pcmWw
Aym-tbmKm[n Kta\ tZhw
aXzm [otcm ljtimIu Plm-Xn.
Cu kq PKv AXyw Zp- ahpw Kl-\- hp
amb Hcp h\n\p kZriamIpp. Fm Cu ]c- {_
]c- ta- iz- c ]cn- ]q- \mIpp. AXv Ch- bn- semw
k{X {]hnjv Tambncnpp. AXv FmhcptSbpw lrZ
b- amIp Kpl-bn nXnsNpp. C{]Imcw \nXyhpw
Hnncpnpw BfpIp kzm`mhnIambn Adnbphm
Ign-bpn: FpsImsm AXp kzw tbmKam
b-bpsS hmpIfn Hfn-n-cn-pp. AXyw Kp]vX-
ambn- cnpp. AXns Zi\w AXyw Zpe`amIpp.
bmsXmcp ip- _pn k-\mb km[-I, Xs a\- n
t\bpw _pntbbpw \nXyhpw \nc- chpw AXns Nn
bn aamppthm Ah\v B k\mX-\-ssZhs
{]m]np kZmImew ljtimIclnX\mbnocm km[n
pw. Ahs AxIc-Wn \npw ljtimImZn
hnImc kaqew \inpt]mIpp.
13. GXrXzm kcn-Krly aXyx
{]hrly [ya- Wpta-Xam]y
k tamZtX tamZ\obw ln e_v[zm
hnhrXw kZva \Nn-tIXkw at\y.
Cu Aym hnjb- Iamb [tm]tZis BZy
ambn A\p`hm\ap alm]pcpjmcn\npw {im
]qw {ihnWw; A\-cw AXns\ a\\w sNWw;
XZ\-cw GImX-bn AtX-n Nnnv _pn-bn
ncs- Sp- Ww. C{]Imcw km[\ sNbvX-Xn\pta a\p
jyv B-kz-cq]{]m]vXn-bpmIptm AXmbXv
Ah Bmhns\ XXztmSpIqSn {Klnptm B\-
- kzcq]\mb ]c- {_ ]c- ammhns\ {]m]npp. B
B\ almkap{Zs {]m]n-nv Ah AXn \na-
\mbnocpp. tl \Nn- tIXt! \n\- pthn B ]c- a
[ma- ns hmXn Xpdn- ncnpp. Atmp {]thin-
p-Xn\nv Bpw \nsf XSbphm km[ya- .
\n {_ {]m]vXn- p D- amhIminbmbncnp-
Xmbn Rm IcpXpp.
kw_w ba-cmPs apJ-p\npw ]c- {_- ]pcp
tjm- as alnamtIpIbpw Xm AXn\- hIminbm
sWv Adn-bpIbpw sNbvX-tm \Nn-tIX-ns a\-
n ]c-am-X-Xz-a-dn-bm\p Xmcyw Dev]-ambn.
AtXmSpIqSn bacmP Xs {]iwknp- XpIqSn tI
tm AXyw ktmNtmSpIqSn tNmZnp
14. A\y{X [mZ\y{Xm[mZ\y
-{Xm-kv am- XvIr-XmIr-XmXv
A\y{X `qXm `hym b-Xv]iykn XZz-Z.
\Nn-tIXv tNmZnp: `Kh, Av Fn {]k-
\mbncnpp Fn A[ kw_c- ln- Xhpw Imcy
Imc-W{]Ir- Xn- bn\npw hyXykvXambpw `qXw. h-
am\w, `mhn Chsb- mn\npw `nhpw Bbn A-
dn-n-cn-p ]c-am-X-Xzs F\n-p]tZin tXc-
Wta.
15. kt thZm bXv ]Zama-\n
X]mwkn kmWn N bZv hZn
bZn-tm {_-Ncyw Ncn
Xt ]Zw kw{KtlW {_hotayman-tXyXXv.
ba-cmP ChnsS ]c-{_ ]pcptjm-as\ ]c-a-
{]m]yw Fp ]d- psImp AXns hmNIamb Hmw
Imcs kzcq]ambn D]tZinpp. Atlw ]dbpp,
ka- kvX-th-Zfpw \m\m{]Imc- n-ep O-pIsf-
smp bmsXmns\ {]Xn-]mZn-ppthm kq
X]w apX-emb km[- \-IfpsS GIam{Xhpw ]c-a-hpamb
eyw GsXmmtWm GXns\ {]m]n-p- Xn-\pthn-
bp Cbm km[- I \njvma]qw {_-Ncys
A\pjvTnppthm B ]pcptjma `Khms ]c- aXXzw
Rm \n\p kwt]ambn D]tZinpp; AXmIpp
Hmw F Cu GImcw.
kw_w \mac- lnX\msWnepw ]c- ammhv At\Iw
t]cpIfm hnfn- -s-Spp. Atl-ns Fm t]cp
Ifnepw Hmw kt{ijvTw Fp KWn- -s- Spp. AXn-
\m ChnsS \mantbpw \manbptSbpw At`Zs ]cn
I K
N P
50
K- Wn v "{]Wh's ]c- { _ ]pcp- tjm- - as
m\p hnpsImp bacmP ]dbpp
16. GXtyhm-cw {_ GXtyhm
-cw ]cw
GXtyhm-cw mXzm tbm
bZn-Xn-X-kyX- Xv .
Cu Ahn\minbmb {]Whw HmwImcw Xs- bmIpp.
(]c-ammhns kzcq]w). {_hpw AXpXs- bmIpp.
AXmbXv B {_- ntbpw ]c- {_-ntbpw \maw
HmwImcsapXs- bmIpp. AXn\m Cu XXzs {Kln
nv km[-I\v CXphgnbmbn cnqSnbpw GsX- nepw
A`ojvScq]s {]m]nphm Ignbpp.
17. GXZmew_\w t{ijvT-ta-X- Zmew- _\w ]cw
GXZmew_\w mXzm {_-temtI
alobtX
]c-am {]m]vXnpthn kzoIcnp ]ecoXn-bn-
ep Bew- _\- - fn ]c- at{ijv Thpw ]c- amhew_hpw
Cu HmwImcw Xs- bmIpp. CXmsX ap bmsXmc- hew
_\hpw C. AXmbXp ]c- ammhns t{ijvTamb \ma
s- s icWw {]m]n- pI FXv AXns
{]m]vXnp ktm- ahpw AtamLhpamb km[- \bm
Ipp. Cu cl-kys {Kln-np bmsXmcp km[- I
`nbpw t{]ahpw CXn Anppthm Ah Xo
bmbpw ]c-ammhns\ {]m]npp.
kw_w C{]Imcw HmwImcs {_w, ]c- {_w
Ch cn-tbpw {]XoIambn ]dn-v, \Nn-tIX- ns
{]iv\-n-\-\pkc-Wambn ba- cmP Bmhns kzcq
]s hnpp:
18. \ PmbtX {anbtX hm hn]n
mbw IpX- n _`qh InXv
AtPm \nXy: imiztXmbw ]pcmtWm
\ l\ytX l\yamt\ icotc.
\nXym\-cq]amb Bmhp acn- pItbm P\n- p
Itbm sNpn-, AXp kzbw Hn \npmbtXm
Hn\p Imc- Wtam A. AXmbXv AXv Hns ImcyIm
c-WamIpn-. AXv AP-mhpw \nXyhpw kZm GIc-k
apXpw ]pcmX-\-hpamIpp. AXp hrn-b-c- ln-X- hp
amIpp. icoc- n\p \miapmbmepw Ah\p \miapm
Ipn- .
19. lm tN-\ytX lpw
lX- t-- \ytX lXw
D`u Xu \ hnPm-\otXm \mbw ln
\ l\ytX.
ba-cmP ChnsS Bmhns ip-kzcq]tbpw
AXns \nXyX- tbbpw hnn- cnpp. FpsIms
m, km[- I\v Xs \nXyX-bpsSbpw \nn-Imc-X-bp
tSbpw A\p`hw DmIpntbm AXpt]mse Xs ico
cmZnIfmb A\yhkvXp-fn \npw `n-ambn IcpXm
Xn- cnp-Xphsc Cu A\n- XyhkvXp-tfmSp sshcmKy
apmbn Ahs AxIc- Wn \nXyXXzns A`n
emjw D- hnpn- . Pohmmhp \nXytNX\m m\
kzcq]amIpp. A\n- Xyhpw hn\min-bpamb PUicoc-
pw t`mKpw hmkv X-h- n CXpambn
bmsXmcp kw_- hpanspap ZrVamb A\p`qXn
Ah\pmIWw. CXv A\mZnbpw A\-hpamIpp.
bmsXmcp ImcyImc- Wfpw CXn\n. AXn\m CXp P\-
\- acW cln-Xhpw kZm GIhpw kYm \nnImchpw
BIpp. icoc-ns \miw- sImv CXn\p \miw kw`
hn- pn-. CXv acn-psapw acn-n-psapw Bsc-
nepw IcpXp- hcpsn Ah hmkv Xhn B-
kz-cq]s Adn-bpn-. Ah kYm {`a-n Ign-
pIqSpp. Ah ]dbpXv Bcpw {in- t Bh
iyan. bYmn Bmhv Bscbpw sImppan;
Bpw AXns\ sImphm\pw km[n- pn.
km[- I\p icoc- ntbpw t`mK- fptSbpw A\nXy
Xtbbpw Xs Bmhns \nXyX-tbbpw Nnn-nv Cu
A\nXy t`mK-fn-ep kpJ-ns Bibs XyPn-
v, kZm XtmSpIqSn hkn-p \nXykpJ kzcq]\mb
]c- {_-]pcptjm- as\ {]m]np- Xn\v A`nemjap-
h\mbnoc- Ww.
kw_w C{]Imcw B- XXzns h\ hgn \Nn
tIX-ns AxIc- Wn ]c- {_-]pcptjm- as
XXzs- nbp PnmkbpWnbnp bacmP ]c-
ammhns kzcq]s hnpp.
20. AtWmc- Wobm-ltXm alo-bm
\mmky Ptm\n-lntXm Kplmbmw.
Xa-{IXp: ]iyXn hoX-timtIm
[mXp-{]kmZm lnam\-am\mx
CXn\p ap]pXs Pohmmhns ip-amb kzcq
]s hnnpv . Cu a{n AXn\p "Pp' Fp
t]cp sImSpnv AXns hrmhsb hy- amn- bn
cnpp. AXmbXv ]c- {_-]pcptjm- a B Pohmm
hns AXyw \nIS-h- bmbn nXnsNps-nepw
AXns t\tc Hcn- t]mepw ZrjvSn-bpbn {in-
mdn-. AXv taml--fn apgpIn Fmw adp Ign-bp
p. Cu ImcWw sImpXs "Pp' a\pjyicocw e`n
npw IoS ]Xw-K-fmb Xp{]mWnIsftmse Xs
Zpe`-amb Pohn-Xw-hyambn \in- np If- bpp.
bmsXmcp km[- I ]qtm- amb hnthN\a\pkcnv
kzbw \nXytNX- \mkzcq]w Fp IcpXn Fm {]Imcn
epap t`mKm`nemj-fn \np cln- X- \mbpw timIc-
I K
N P
51
ln-X-\mbpw Xocppthm Ah ]c-am Ir]bm ]c-
{_ ]pcptjm-a AWphn AWphpw al-n
alpw khym]nbpw BsWp ]c- {_- alnasb
{Klnnv kmmXvmcw {]m]n-ppshv A\p`hn-
dnbpp. ChnsS "[mXp {]kmZmXv' F-Xns Aw
"]c-ta-iz-cs Ir]' Fpw "[mXp' F hmn-\w
"km[mc ]c-ammhv' Fpw AwKoIcnpp.
21. Bkot\m Zpcw {hPXn
ibmt\m bmXn khX:!
IkvXw aZmaZw tZhw
aZt\ym mXpal-Xn.
]c- {_ ]c- ammhv ANny inbpw hncp-[m
{ibnbpw BIpp. Htc kabw Xs Atl-n
hncp [-fpsS eoeI kw`hnptam. AXn-\m
Atlw Htc kabv kqvam kqvahpw al- n
alpw Bbn Adnbs- Spp. B ]c- taizc Xs \nXy
]ca [man hncmPnpsImv `m[n\- \mbn `-m
cpsS hnfntIv _lpZqcw k- cnpp. ]ca [ma- n
A[nhkn- p ]mjZ`-mcpsS Zrjv Snbn Atlw
ibnpsImv Fm ZnpIfnepw k- cnpsImn-cn-p
p. Asn B ]c-ammhv kZm k{X nXn-
sNpp. Ccn-pn-S-pw, Zqsc t]mbm Ahn-S-bpw,
Dd- ptm Ahn-sSbpw Atlw-Dv . Atl-ns
khym]IX CXmIpp. Atlw k{X Fmcq]-
fnepw \nXyhpw Xt-Xmb aln-a-bnepw nXn-sNpp.
C{]Imcw AeuInI]c- ssaizcykzcq]\mbncpnpw At
l-n\p Xs sFizcyn teiwt]mepw Almc- an
. B ]c-ta-iz-cs\ Adn- bp- Xn- \p AhImiw (B-
XXz- \mb bacmP\p Xpeyw) F\nmsX ammWp
km[np- - Xv.
kw_w C\n C{]Imc-ap B ]c-ta-iz-cs aln-
asb Adn-bn-p ]pcpjs\ Xncn-dn-bp Imcyw ]d
bpp
22. Aicocw icotcjp
A\- htjzh- nXw
almw hn`pamm\w
aXzm [otcm \ timNXn.
PohnIfpsS icocw A\nXyhpw hn\mi kz`mhtm
SpIqSnbXpw BIpp. AXn\v {]XnWw ]cn- h\w
kw`hnpsImn-cn- pw. AXnsemw ka`mhtmSpIqSn
nXnsNp ]c- {_- ]pcptjma Cu icoc- - fm
khYm cln-X\pw Aicoc\pw BIpp. Cu ImcWw
sImpXs Atlw \nXy\pw ANe\pamIpp. {]mIrX
tZiIme KpWmZnIfm A]cn-n--\mb B alm\pw
khym]nbpw Fmntbpw B kzcq]hpamb ]c-
taizcs\ Adn- Xn\ptijw m\nbmb alm]pcpj
Hcnepw bmsXmcp Imc- Whimepw teiam{Xambntmepw
timIw {]ISnnpn. CXp Xs- bmWv A- s\- bp
Bfns eWw.
kw_w C\n B ]cammhns\ kzw ]pcpjmw
sImv Bcpw {]m]npn. adnv AXv Bsc kzoIcnp
pthm Ah\p am{Xw e`n- pp. AXns\- n ]dbpp
23. \mb-amm {]h-Nt\\ et`ym
\ta-[bm \ _lp\m {iptX\!
bta-sshj, hrWptX tX\ e`y
kvXsskyj Bm hnhr-WptX X\qw-kzmw.
Rm GsXmcp ]c-taiz-c-s\-n hn-pIgnn-cn-
ppthm, Atl-s, imkv {X- ]Tn- nv at\ml- c-
- fmb `mjW- fn ]am-X- Xzns \m\m{]Imc- -
fn-ep h-\-I \S-p-ht\m X-ioem-cmb
_pnPohn-Itm _pn- am\msWp Al- mc {]a
- Xbn \np`qXamb Xw apJmncw hnthNnnv
Atls {]m]n- p- Xn\p {ianp- ht\m ]c- amm
hns\ kw_np hf-sc- b-[nIw tIn-p-ht\m {]m]n-
phm km[np- X. bmsXmcps\ Atlw kzbw
kzoIcnppthm bmsXmcp\v Atl- s- n D-
Samb A`n\nthiaptm bmsXmcp\v Atl-s- q
SmsX Pohn-phm km[n-mXn-cnppthm bmsXmcp
Xs _pn-in-bnepw km[- \-Ifnepw B{i-bw-
shbvmsX Atl-ns Ir]sb am{Xw {]Xon-p
sImn-cn- ppthm C{]Imcw Ir]m\n`c- mcmb km[-
ImcpsSta ]c-ammhv Ir] ImWnpIbpw tbmKam
b- bpsS ad amn-bnv Ahs apn kz-cq]w {]IS-am
nmWnpIbpw sNpp.
kw_w C\n ]c-am {]m]vXn BpmIpp
Fp ]dbpp
24. \mhn-ctXm Zp-cn-Xm
mimtm \mkamlnX:
\mim am\tkm hm]n
{]m- t\-ss\- \- am- ]v \p-bmXv
hymJym\w bmsXmcp ZpcmNcWfn hnc\mbn
Ahsb ]cnXyPn- pntbm bmsXmcps a\v ]c-
ammhns\ Dt]nv Zn\-cm{X- fn t`mKkpJ- - fn
AepXn- cn- bppthm ]c-ammhn hnizm-kan-msX
bmsXmcp kZm Aim\mbn Pohnppthm bmsXm
cps a\- v , _pn, C{nb- Ch \nb-{W hnt[-
b- ambncnpntbm A- s\bp a\pjy kqva_p
n- tbmSpIqSn B-hn-Nmcw sNbvXpsIm-n-cpm
t]mepw ]c-ammhns\ {]m]n-phm km[n-pn-.
FpsImsm Ah ]c- ammhns Akoaamb
BZc-hn\p ]m{X-ambn-ocpn; AXns\ Ahtl-fn-p
sImp Pohn-pp. AXn\m Ah ]c-ammhns
I K
N P
52
Ir]n- bv-hIminbmbnocpn-.
kw_w ]c- {_ ]c- taizcs XXz- sf {ihnnpw
_pnbp]tbmKnp a\\w sNbvXnpw a\pjy\v AXp {Kln
phm FpsImp km[npn? AtXkw_np
]dbpp
25. bky {_ N {Xw N
Dt` `hX HmZ\:
arXypb- tkym]- tkN\w
I Cm thZ b{X k.
a\pjy-i- coc- - fn [-kz- `m- h-ap {_m-W-
tbpw [c- mkz`mhap {Xnb- tbpw icoc
]c- ammhns {]m]vXnpthn AXy[nIw Daw Fp
IcpXpp. Fm Ahbpw B Imekz- cq]\mb ]c-ta-
izc\p t`mP- \-ambnocpp. ]ns ap km[mcW a\p
jyicoc--fpsS IY Fmbn-cnpw? Fmn-t\bpw
kwl- cnp arXyptZht]mepw B ]c- taizcs t`mP
\-tmSpIqSn tN-s- Sp Nv\nbpw ]-dn-Ifpw
t]msebmIpp. Cs\ {_mW {Xn- bmZn kakvX
Pohn-IfptSbpw kzbw arXyphn-tbpw kwlmc-I\pw
B{ib- ZmXmhpw Bb ]c- taizcs\ GsXnepw a\pjy\v
Cu A\nXy a\-v, _pn, C{n-b- hgn-bmbn AXy
t-b-hkvXp-tftmse Fs\ Xncndnbphm Ign
bpp. AJn-etbpw Adn-bp-hs\ Xncn-dn- bp-Xn-
\p kmayw Bpv? AXmbXv (]qtm- amb
23mw a{a- \pkcnv) ]c- ammhv Bsc Xs Ir]m]m{X-
amn kzX-Xz- {Kln- n-phm-\m{K-ln- p-pthm
Ah\p am{Xta Atls Adn- bphm km[n-pIbp
q. GsX- nepw kzw in- sImv At- ls
bYmcq]n lrZn- - amphm km[ya; Fp
sImsm Atlw euIn- IPvtRb hkvXp-sf-
tmse _pnbp]tbmKnp Xncndn- bp- Xn Fps]
Sp- Xm- bn- cnp- n.
kw_w cmw `mKn Pohmmhntbpw ]c-am
Xvamhntbpw kzcq]sf {]tXyIw {]tXyIw hnp
Ibpw AXp {Kln- np {_s {]m]np-XpsImp
kn-amIp ^es-n ]dbpIbpw sNbvXn- cn- pp.
Npcp--n bmsXmcps\ ]c-ammhp kzoIcn- p
pthm Ah\p am{Xta Atls Adn- bphm Ignbp
pq. Fm ]c- ammhns\ {]m]np- Xn\p km[-
\- Isf AXn kv ]jv Sambn hnhcnnn. AXn\m km[-
\- Isf hniZoIcn-p-Xn- \pthn aqmw `mKw Bcw-`n-
psImv bacmP BZy a{n Pohmmhn-tbpw
]c- ammhn- tbpw \nXykw_hpw \nhmkm\hpw
]dncn- pp.
1. EXw ]n_u kpIr-Xky temtI
Kplmw {]hnjvSu ]cta ]cmt
OmbmX]u {_-hntZm hZn
]mtbm tb N {XnWmNn-tIXmx
bacmP ChnsS Pohmmhntbpw ]c- ammhnt-
bpw. \nXykw-_s ]cn-Nb- s-Spn-smp ]d
bpp {_- thm-fmb almm\n-Ifpw bmZn-
awKfI A\pjvTnp BkvXnIalmP- \- fpw
Fmhcpw Htc kzc- n ]dbpp. ""Cu a\pjyicocw
hfsc Zp`amb HmWv . ]qPmnXamb At\Iw
]pWyI \nan--ambn ]c-a- Ir-]mep-hmb ]c- am
mhp Ir]m]c- hi\mbn PohnIv AhbpsS awKfk
mZ\- n\mbn Cu t{ijv Tamb icocs {]Zm\w sNp
Ibpw ]ns Cu Pohmmhn-t\msSmpXs kzbw
AXns Xs lrZbm`mKv ]c- {_ns \nhm
kcq]amb t{ijv Tm\v A-cymanbmbn {]Xn- jv Tn-
XambncnpIbpw, sNpp. am{Xa, Ah cpw AhnsS
HtmsSmnv kXys ]m\w sNpp. ip`I
mhiyamb kXv ^es A\p`hnpIbpw sNp
p. Xobmbpw cn-tbpw A\p`h- fn hepXmb
Acw Dv . (]c-ammhv Akw-Khpw At`mmhpw
BIpp.) Hmtcm Pohn-bptSbpw lrZb- n hkn-p
sImv AXns ip`I- fpsS ^ew A\p`hnpXv
AP- mhmbn- cpnpw Pw kzoIcnp- Xpt]msebp
Atl-ns eoemhn-emkw am{X-amIpp. AXn-\m
Atlw BkzZnppsnepw hmkv X- hn Bkz
Znpn. Asn, HpIqSn ]d-m ]c-ammhp
kXys ]m\w sNn-pp. ip`I-fpsS ^ew
A\p`hnnpp. Pohmmhp ]m\w sNpp. Fm
^et`mK kabp Pohmmhv AkMv Kambncnpn.
AXv Al- mc- tmSpIqSn kpJs D]t`mKw sNpp.
C{]Imcw Hnn- cpn- pIqSn Pohmmhpw ]c- ammhpw
shbnepw \ng-epw-t]mse ]c-kv]cw `n-ambn-cn-pp.
Pohmmhp \ngt]mse Aev ] {]ImitmSpIqSnbXpw
Aev]-hpw BIpp. ]c-ammhp shbnt]mse
]q- {]Imibphpw kbpw BIpp. \ngen
ImWp Aev]{]Imiw F{]Imcw ]q{]Imicq]amb
shbnent- Xmbncnppthm AXpt]mse Pohmmhn
\ne\np Aev ]m\w t]mepw ]c- ammhn-tXp
Xs-bmIpp.
Cu clkyw {Klnnv, a\pjy X-fptS- Xmb in
bn Hcp {]Imc-nepw Al- cnmsX A-cymaocq]
n kZm XfpsS lrZb- - fn \nhknpp. ]c-
amob ]ca Ir]mephmb ]c-ammhns\ \nXyhpw \nc-
chpw Nnn- psImp Ign- b-Ww.
kw_w ]c- ammhns\ {Klnp-Xn\pw {]m]np
-Xn-\p ktm-a- amb km[\ ""Atls {Kln-
p-Xn\pw {]m]n- p-Xn- \pap in {]Zm\w sNt-
Wta'' Fv Atl- tmSp {]mn- pI am{XamIpp.
Cu kwKXn ba-cmP kzbw {]mnpsImp hy-
amp- p.
I K
N P
53
2. bx tkXpcoPm\m\ma-cw {_ bXv ]cw
A`bw XnXojXmw ]mcw \mNn-tIXw
itI-a-ln.
bacmP ]dbpp. ""Atbm ]c- ammth, Rv
\njv ma`mhtmSpIqSn bmZnip` I \Sp
- Xn\p hn[nI \mbn {Klnp- Xn\pw A- bpsS
Bm]me\mw Ahsb A\pjvTnv AbpsS {]k
X {]m]np- Xn\pw AXn{]Imcw bmsXmp kwkm
c- kmKc- ns A-sc-sb-p-Xn\v Cmephmb hnc-
- ]pcpjmp thnbp \n`b- ]ZamIppthm B
]c- ahpw Ahn\minbpamb AmIp ]c- {_-]pcptjm
- a- `Khms\ Adn- bp-Xn\pw {]m]n- p- Xn\pw tbmKy
amIp- Xn- \p Ignhpw kmayhpw Zm\w sNtW.''
Cu a{n ba-cmP ]c-ammhn- t\mSv At
ls {]m]n- p-Xn\p in {]Zm\w sNp- Xn- \p
thn, ]c- {_ ]pcptjm- as\ Adnbp- Xn\pw {]m]n
p-Xn-\pap Ghpw D-ahpw kc-f-hpamb km[- \-
bv pthn Atl- tmSp {]mnpIbmWv .
kw_w C\n B ]c- {_]pcptjm- as ]c- a[ma
n GsXmw ]c- akm[- Imk- mp {]thin- p
hm Ignbpw? Cu Imcyw cYhpw cYnbpw F cq]Iw
hgnbmbn hy-ampp
3. Bm\w cYn\w hnn icocw cY-tah Xp
_pnw Xp kmcYnw hnn a\x
{]{K-l-tah N.
4. C{n-bmWn lbm\mlphn-jbmw
kvtXjp tKmNcm
Bt-{n-b-a-t\mbpw t`mt-Xym
-lpa- \o-jnW:
Pohmmhv ]c- ammhn \npw ths]ncn- pp.
A\-Imeambn AXv A\-hcXw kwkmc-cq]amIp
tLmc-h\- n Anp kpJs At\z-jnv Ae
pXncnbpp. kpJ-sap IcpXn FhnsS sNppthm
AhnsSsbmw h]n coXnbn hn- - s- Spp. ]ca
kpJ- kzcq]\mb ]c- ammhns kao]w Ahs\- mn
S- tmfw Imew kpJhpw imnbpw Hcn- epw e`yamIp
n- . Cu Zb-\obmh Ip Zbma- b- \mb ]c-ammhv
Ah\p am\-hicoc cq]amIp kp- chpw kkm[\m
k- hpamb cYw sImSpncnpp. C{nb cq]nIfmb
i- mcmb Aiz- - tfbpw sImSpncnpp. Ahs
a\-mIp kmc-Yn-bpsS ssIhiw Gev]n-psIm-Spp
Ibpw Pohmmhns\ B cY-n {]Xn-jv Tnv AXns
kzman- bmnbnv \nc- cw _pnbpsS t{]c- Wb\pkcnp
]cammhntem\- bnp `Khms \maw, cq]w, eoe,
[maw apXembhbpsS Io-\- {ihWw a\\w apXembn
{]ikv Xhpw kl-Phpamb am- - fnqSn k-cnp
]c- ammhns [man FntcWw Fp \nt
ihpw \Inbn-cn- pp.
Pohmmhv C{]Imcw sNpIbmsWn AXnio{Lw
]c-ammhn- Fn- tcpw. Fm AXp kzw ]c-
am\- - ab- `KhXv {]m]vXn kzcq]amb Cu eys taml-
him ad- pt]m-Ipp. AXp _pn- p t{]cW
\np-XpImcWw _pncq]n- bmIp kmcYn A{i-
\mbn-ocpp. AXp a\- mIp ISn-mWns\ C{n-
b- amIp ZpjvSmiz- fpsS Cm\pkcWw hnpsImSpp
p. X]cn-Wmaw Pohmmhp hnjb- {]hWamb C{n-
b--fpsS A[o\-ambn-v, kwkmc N{In hogn- p
euInIi_vZkv ]imZn hnjb-kpJ- -fn Aebphm
XpSpp. AXmbXv `KhXv {]m]vXn- pthn D]Icn-
s- tS icocw, a\- v, C{nbw ChbpsS klIcWtm
SpIqsS hnjb- hnj-fpsS D]t`mK-fn apgpIn-gn-
bpp.
kw_w ]c- ammhn- tebvp t]mImsX AXns
C{nb- euInI hnjb- fntev FpsImp Xncn
bpp Fp-Xns\ hnhcnpp
5. bkv Xz- hn-m\- hm `hXybp-t\
a\km kZm
Xtky{n-bmWyh-iym\n ZpjvSmizm
Ch kmctY:
cYs Aiz-Xs \bn-pp. Fm B
IpXn-c-Isf Ftmsmw \bn-Ww? AsXmw ISn-
m ]nSnncnp _pnam\mb kmc- YnbpsS tPmen
bmIpp. C{nb-cq]n- Ifpw Icp-mcpw Zp[jmcp
amb IpXncI kzm`mhnIambns B]mX- caWob- -
fmb hnjb- - fm \ndb-s kwkmc- cq]amIp ]
ph\- ns t\sc IpXn- p]mbphm CjvSs- Spp.
Fm _pnbmIp kmcYn a\-mIp ISnm
in-bmbn hen- nv B IpXn-c-Isf Xs \nb-{Wn-
\-[o\mpIbmsWn ]noSp IpXn-c-Ip a\-m
Ip ISnmWns klmbtmSpIqSn NnnmsX Hcp
`mKtbvp t]mIphm km[npn. a\ C{n- b- -
fpambn kl-Icn- ptm am{Xta AXn\v hnjb- kpJ-{K
l- Wn\v km[n- bpp; CXv Fmhpw Adnbmhp
kwKXnbmWv . ISn-mWns klmbw e`n- p Znn-
tebv p IpXnc ]mpsImncnpp. Fm Cu ISn
m icnp \nb- {np sImn-cn-t-Xv kmc-Yn-
bpsS Xov W_pnsb B{i- bnncnpp. _pn-cq]n-
bmIp kmcYn hnthIbp-ambn kzman- bpsS Bm
\phnbmbn eyntebvp nchpw Dd- pXpw
m\ khpw C{n- b- cq]nbmIp IpXn- c-Isf \bn
p-Xn ka\pambncn- pnsn \nmsX,
ISn-mWns klmb-tmSqIpSn cYs apgph\pw
AXns kzm[o\-n-em-pIbpw kmc- Yn- bpssS
cYs HmsI henpsImpt]mbn AKm[- amb K-
I K
N P
54
n- tebvp ]Xn- npIbpw sNpp. _pnbpsS \nb
{- W- n \nm C{n- b- (A- {i- - \mb
kmcYntbbpw ZpjvSmwi- tfbpw t]mse) D- tcmcw
AtX- {]Imcw Xs Drw- J- eambn s]mbvsmn- cnpw.
kw_w C\n kzbw {imephmbn Xs _pnsb
hnthIioetmSpIqSnb-Xmp- XpsImp {]tbmP-
\s hnhcnpp
6. bkv Xp hnm\-hm `hXn
bpt\ a\km kZm
Xtky{n-bmWn hiym\n kZizm
Ch kmctYx
bmsXmcp Pohmmhv Xs _pnsb hnthIk-
am- p- pthm bmsXm- ns _pn Xs ey-
ns AXyw {i- tbmSpIqSn \nXyhpw \nc- c-
hpamb ss\]pWytmSpIqSn C{n-b-sf km-
nqSn \bnpXn\p a\- ns\ _m[y- amnsm
n-cn-ppthm AXns a\pw eyns
tI{oIcn-n-cn-pIbpw Xzmcm AXns C{n-b-
\n-bm- Iamb _pn- [o\- ambn `Khw-_- n- bmb
hnjb- tkh\- - fn, t{ijv Tmiz {imephmb kmc-
Yn-bpsS \nb- {-Wn AXns \nnjvT am--
fnqSn \bn- p-Xpt]mseXs kwe- ambn- o
cp- p.
kw_w Amas a{a-\pkcnv Hcps
_pnbpw a\pw hnthIhpw kwb-a- hpw-IqSmsXbmIp
tm AXns Ah FmIpp AXns\ hnhcn-
pp.
7. bkvXz-hn-m\-hm `hXya- \kvIx
kZmipNn:
\ k XXv]Zam]t\mXn kwkmcw
Nm[n- K-Xn.
bmsXmcps _pn kZm hnthIn\npw
I-hym-I-hy--fpsS m\-n\npw cln-
Xhpw a\- ns\ \nb- {n-p-Xn Aka-hpambn-cn-
ppthm bmsXmcps a\v \n{Kl- c- lnXhpw Akw
b-X-hpw, hnNmc ZpjnXfpambn-cn-pIbpw AXp
t]mseXs C{n- b- \nc-cw ZpcmNmc-- fn apgp
InbncnpIbpw sNppthm A- s\- bp _pnin
bn- m a\v C{n-b--fpsS kzm[o\-heb- n- eIs-
n- cnpp. Ahs PohnXw Hcnepw ]hn- {Xambnocp
n. AXn\m Ah am\- hicoc-tmSpIqSn {]m]ytbm
Kyamb ]c- a]Zs Hcnepw {]m]npn- . adnv Xs
Zpjv- -fpsS ]cnWma-kzcq]amb Cu kwkmc-N{I
n- eIsv Aetb- Xmbn- hcpp. IqIc- iqIcmZn \oN
tbm\n-Ifn P\n-pIbpw acn- pIbpw sNt-Xmbn
hcpp.
8. bkv Xp hnm\-hm `hXn
ka-\kvI: kZm ipNn:
k Xp XXv]Zam]vt\mXn bkv amZv `qtbm
\ Pmb-tX.
CXn\p hn]coX- ambn Bdmas a{a\pkcnv kzbw
{imephmbn Xs _pnsb \nc-cw hnthIkz`mh
tmSpIqSn-b-Xmnbpw Xzmcm a\-ns\ \nb- {np
]hn{X `mhn nc-s-Spnbpw C{nb- amw
`Khms B-b-\pkcnv ]hn{X- Isf \njvm
a- `m- h- tm- Sp- IqSn BN- cnpw AXp- t]mse `K- hm\v
AWw sNs t`mKsf; cmKtZz-jc- ln-X-ambn
\njvm- a-`mhtmSpIqSn ico-c-c- \n-l- Wn-\mbn
am{Xw D]t`mKw sNbvXpsImpw Ign- bppthm Ah
`Khms ]c-a-[mas {]m]n-pp. ]nosSmcn-epw
AhnsS- \npw Xncnp t]mtc-Xmbpw hcpn.
kw_w Fmas a{n ]db-s Imcysf
hopw HpIqSn kv]jvS-hpamn- smp cY- ns
cq]Iw D]kwl-cn- pp.
9. hnm\-kmcYnbkvXp a\:{]{K-
l-hm \cx
tkm[z\: ]mc-am]vt\mXn XZzn-jvtWm:
]caw ]Zw.
XrXob a{w apX H]Xmw a{w hsc Ggpa-{-
-fn-embn cY-ns cq]In Cu Imcyw hy-am
n- bn- cn- p- p. Cu AXn-Zp- `- amb a\p- jy- i- cocw
bmsXmcp Pohmmhn\p ]c-ammhns Ir]bm e`y
amtbm AXns\ AXn-thKw Pohmn `LhXv {]m]v Xn-
bpsS am- nqSn \bn- -Ww. icocw A\nXyamIp
p. \nanjwtXmdpw AXp bnpsImn-cnpp. kzw
Pohn-X-nse Cu Aaqey ka-bs arK-sf-tmse
tIhew kmwkmcnI t`mK A\p`hnpXn\pthn
\in- n- -s- SpIbmsWn ]noSp XpSbmbn P\\
acW cq]amb kwkmc-N{In AIsp Idp-
Xn\p _my- ambnocpp. GsXmcp al- mb Imcy
kn- n-pthn Cu Zp`amb a\pjyicocw e`yambn-
cnppthm AXp ]q-ambncnpn. AXmbXv a\p
jyp `KhXv Ir]bm e`yambn-cn-p hnthIi
nsb icnbmb coXn- bn ssIImcyw sNWw. kwkm
c- ns A\nXyXbptSbpw Cu B]mXc- aWob- amb hnj
b- PohnXkpJ- - fptSbpw bYmamb ZpxJ- kz`mhs
a\-n- emn Chsb-n Nnnpw D]t`mKfn \np
hnc- -cmbpw Xoc-Ww. tIhew icoc-ns \ne\n-ev]n-
\mh-iyamb I- hyIsf \njvma- `mh-tmSp
IqSn `Khms B Fp hnNmcnv A\pjvTnpsImv
kz_pnbn Atlns \maw, cq]w, eoe, [maw XYm
Atl-ns AeuInI in Assl-XpI{Inb Ch
bn ZrVhn-izmkw kwPmX-ampIbpw k`mh-
I K
N P
55
tfmSpw IqSn `Khm\ns tNncnpIbpw thWw.
Xs a\ns\ `Khms XXzNnIfnepw hmWnsb At
l- ns KpWh- \Ifnepw t\{Xsf Atl- ns
Zi\- nepw I- sf Atl-ns alnam{ihW
nepw hym]r-X-am-Ww. C{]Imcw Fm C{n-b- -fp
tSbpw kw_w `Khm\pambn kwLSn-n--Ww. Pohn-
X-ns Hcp Ww t]mepw `Khms a[pc-kva-cW
IqSmsX \ontmIphm A\phZn- cpXv . CXn- s-
bmIpp a\pjyPohn-X- ns kmIX \nesImp
-Xv. C{]Imc-samw A\pjvTnp Pohnp ]pcpj
\n-b- ambpw ]c- {_ ]pcptjm-as ANny ]c- a]
Zs {]m]n-np kZmImetmfw IrX-Ir-Xy\mbn- o
cp- p.
kw_w D]cyp- amb h- \- Ifn cY- ns cq]
In `KhXv {]m]vXnpthnbp km[-\- Isf \nt
in- ncnpp. B km[\Ifn hnthI_pntbmSpIqSn
a\-ns\ \nb-{W hnt[-b-amn C{nb-sf hn]coX-
am- n \npw AIn `KhXv {]m]vXnp am- -
fn-tebvp \bn-t Imcyw hy-amn-bn-cn-pp.
CXn asmcp {]iv\w D-hn-pp. kzm`mhn-Iambn
ZpjvShpw _ehpamb C{nb- sf AXpInjv Ss-
Xpw Akpamb am--fn \npw F{]Imcw amn-
hnSmw. AXn\m Cu Imcys XmXzn- Iambn hnthNnnv
C{nb-sf Akm- - fn \npw XSp `Khm\n
tev Xncn- phn-Sp-Xn\p D]mb- sf \ntinpp.
10. C{n-tb`yx ]cm lym At`y
]cw a\:
a\-kkvXp ]cm _pn_pt-cmm
alm]cx
Cu a{-n "]c' F hmIv {]tbmKw _ehm
Fn- emIpp. Cu Imcyw {]tXyIw a\- nem-
Ww. Fp- sIm- s-m Imcy- Im-c- W- `mh- tmtSm
kqv a-X-bpsS ZrjvSn-bntem C{n-b- sf At]np
i_vZmZn hnjb- sf t{ijvTw Fp ]dbpXv bpn-
bp-ambn- cn-pIbn- . CXpt]mseXs "alm' F
hntijWtmSpIqSn Bm F ]Zw Pohmmhns\
Dtinp- XmIpp; al- Xzns- bmIpn. Pohmmhv
Chsb- mn- tbpw A[n-Im-cn-bm-Ip-p. AXn- \m
AXns\ kw_nv "alm' F hntijWw kYm
DNn- XhpamIpp. B- X- Xzns Bib- n CXns
{]tbmKw DmIpIbmsWn B-]Z{]tbmKns
bmsXm-cmhiyIXbpw DmIpambn-cpn- . _pn- XXzw
AXyw al-Xz-ap- XpX-s. AXp asmcp Imcyw. XXz-
hnNmcmhkc-n CXn bmsXmcp t`Zhpw AwKoIcn-
- s- Spn. CXp IqSmsX aptmphcptm \ntcm[- \-
ns (Hcp XXzs asmn eo\-amptm) hni
ZoIc- WapmIptm Ahn-sSbpw _pn-bpsS \ntcm
[\w al- mb Bmhn tNp-Xn-\pthn ]db-
sncnpp. Cu ImcWsfmw sImpw AXpt]mse
{_-kq-{X- Im- cs kmwJy- a- Xm- \p-k-cWw al- Xzhpw
Ahy {]IrXn- cq]hpw F Ahpw kzoIcnmXn-
cnp- Xn\npw ChnsS almhntijWtmSpIqSn
B-]Zns Bibw Pohmmhp Xs-bmIpp
Fpw AwKoIcn- Ww. CXn\m a{ns kmcmwiw
C{nb-ns Aw (hnjbw) _ehm FmIpp.
Ah km[-Is C{n-bsf _emev mc-ambn Xn-te
bv mIjn-psImn-cn-pp. AXn\m C{n- b-sf
hnjb- - fn\npw AIn \npXp km[-I\v DNn-
Xambncnpw. hnjb-- fn a\v _ehm\mIpp. hnj
b--fn a\v A\mk-amsWn C{n-bhpw hnj
bhpw cn\pw km[I\p bmsXmcp lm\nbpw kw`hn-
nphm IgnbpX. a\- nt\m _pn _ehm
Ipp. AXn- \m _pn-bp]tbmKnp Nnnv a\-ns\
cmK tZzjc- lnX- amn Xs \nb- {Wnemno-
Ww. AXpt]mse _pn-tb- m Chsb- mn-tbpw
kzman-bmb alm "Bmhv' _ehm\mIpp. AXns
B ]menp- Xn\v Chsbmw _my- amWv . AXn
\m a\pjyv B- in- bpsS A\p`ha-dnv AXp
hgnbmbn _pn apX- emb Fmhsbpw \nb- {- Whnt[-
b-amno- Ww.
11. alXx ]c-a-hy-a-hymXv ]pcpj: ]c:
]pcp-jm ]cw Inw Nnm ImjvTm km
]cm KXm:
Cu a{n "Ahy' ]Zs `Khms {XnKpW
abn-bmb ssZhnIambminpthn {]bp-amn- bn
cnpp. AXpt]mse bmsXmn\m tamlnXamb Poh
`Khms\ Adn- bpntbm AXpXs- bmIpp Pohmm
hn-tbpw ]c-ammhntdbpw CS- bv p ad. Xmc-
WwsImp Pohmmhn\p khym]nbpw A- cymanbp
amb ]c- taizcs\ \nXyhpw kao]- \mbncpnpw ImWp
hm\pw {Kln- phm\pw km[npn- . CXns\- bmWv Cu
{]Ic- Wn Pohmmhn-s\- m _ehms\p ]dbp
- Xv. Pohmmhn\p kzw insImv Cu ambsb amp
- Xn\p Ignbpn. `Khms\ icWw {]m]npIgnm
s Atl-ns Ir]m_em AXn\v CXn
\npw Ic- Ib- dphm km[npp. ChnsS "Ahy' ]Zw
sImp kmwJya- Xmhew_nIfpsS "{][m\- XXzw' kzoIcn
-Wsa-n; FpsImsm AhcpsS A`n-{]mb-
n "{][m\w' kzX{amIpp. AXv Bmhn\p]cnbm
bncnpn. AXpt]mse Bmhn\p t`mKhpw apnbpw
cphkvXpfpw \In-bXns Xmcyw C{n-b-
, a\- v, _pn Chsb- mn- sbpw ta Bmhn\v
A[nImcaps- mIpp. AXn\m AXp kzbw Ahsb
\nb- {nv `Khm\n-tebvv B\-bnpp. Fm Cu
Bmhn- s\- m _ehmb asmcp XXzw IqSnbpv.
AXns \ma-amWv "Ahy-X'. Nne amb-sbpw hnh
I K
N P
56
n-pp. CXn-t\mSp PohkapZmbw taml-_-cmbn
CXns hebn Ipcppp. CXns\ amn--f-bphm
PohnIp km[npn. AXn\m CXns\- m _e
hm\mbn AXns kzmanbmbncnpXp ]c-a]pcpj\mb
]c-ta-iz-c-\mIpp. Atlw _ew, {Inb, m\w BZn-
bmb Fm inIfptSbpw An- amh[nbpw {][m\m[m
chpw BWv. Atl- s- s icWw {]m]nWw. At
lw. Zbmhm\mbn Cu ambmcq]amIp adsb kzbw
henp amptm AtX Ww Xs `KhXv {]m]vXnbp
mIpw. Fsm Atlw kZm k{X nX-\m
Ipp.
kw_w Cu Bibw Xs ASp a{n Hp
IqSn kv ]jv Sampp.
12. Gj ktjp `qtXjp KqtVmm
\ {]ImitX
ZriytX Xz{Kybm _pym kqvabm
kqva Zin`n:
Cu ]c-{_]pcptjm-a`Khm Fmn-tbpw
A- cymanbmIpp. AXn\m Fm PohnIfptSbpw lrZ
b--fn hncmPn-psImpan-cn-pp. Fm kzw
ambma- d-bn Hfn- ncn- pXp ImcWw Bpw At
ls Adn-bphm Ign-bpn-. bmsXmcp `Khm
\n B{i-bnv Xs _pnsb Xov Wamppthm
kqv a-Zin-bmb Ah\pam{Xw `KhXv Ir]bm At
ls Zinphm Ign- bpp.
kw_w hnthIioecmb BfpI `KhcWcmbn
F{]Imcw `KhXv {]m]vXn-pthn km[\ A\pjvTn-
Ww CXp hnNmcnpsImp ]dbpp
13. btZzmMv a\ko {]m
kvX- ZytPv m\ B\n
m\-am\n alXn \nbt-
Zym B\n
_pnamm BZyambnv hmv apXemb C{nb- sf
_mlyhn-jb-- fn\npw ]nhenp a\-nXs
HXp-Ww. AXmbXv AXns\ bmsXmcp Ifpw
sNphm Ign-hn-m Ah-bn-em-Ww. a\-n
hnjbfpsS Apcw DmImXn-cn- -Ww. Cu km[\
icn- bmbn hcptm a\-ns\ m\- kzcq]amb _pn
bn hneo\-am- Ww. AXmbXv GIam{Xhpw hnm\-
kzcq]hpw \n-bmXv aIhpamb _pn-bpsS {]h- \-
IqSmsX a\ns `n- k amdpn. ap bmsXmcp
hn[- amb NnIpw CSamIcpXv. ChnSw hsc ZrVamb
A`ymkw sNbvXpIgnbptm m\- kzcq]amb _pn
sbbpw Pohmmhns ip- amb kzcq]n hneo\- am
Ww; AXmbXv Xn\npw `n-ambn, GIam{X- amb
B-XXz- anmsX ap bmsXmcp hkvXphnttbm kv arXn
bptStbm IWnIt]mepw Ahtijn-m Ahm
hntijn Fntc- Ww. XZ\- cw kzbw ap\n-
b- a\pkcnp imambn B-cq]amb ]c- {_ ]pcptjm
- a- \n hneo\- ambnocpw.
kw_w C{]Imcw ]c-am--kz-cq]s hn- nv
AXpt]mse AXns\ {]m]np- XpsImp al- Xzhpw
km[-\bpw \ntinp. C\n {ipXn a\pjysc {imep-
fmnsmv ]dbpp
14. Dn-jvTX Pm{KX {]m]y hcmn-t_m[X
pcky [mcm \ninXm Zpc-Xybm Zpw
]YkvX XvIhtbm hZn.
Atbm a\p-jy-tc, \n P- P-m-c--fmbn
Am\ \n{Zbn ebnpsImncnpp. Ctm ]c-
ammhns Ir]bm \nv Cu Zp` a\pjyicocw
e`n-n- cn-pp. CXp e`n-XpsImv C\n Hcp \nanjw
t]mepw {]amZn \jv Ss-Sp- cpXv . AXnthKw {im
ep- fmbnocphn. t{ijvTmcmb alm]pcpjmcpsS
kao]w sNv AhcpsS D]tZiw hgnbmbn X- fpsS awK
famhpw ]c- ammhns\ kw_n- p cl- kyfpw
{Kln-psImpI. ]c-am-XXzw hfsc Kl-\- am-Ipp;
AXns kzcq]m\w, X {]m]vXn- p amw Ch
almm- fpsS klmbw- sImpw ]c-am-Ir- ]sImp
a-msX km[n-p-Xv , Xov Wamb ITmc- bpsS [mc-
bnqSn \S- p- Xpt]mse AXyw ZpkvX- c- amIpp.
C{]Imcw Zp-a- amb am- - fnqSn kpKaambn A-
c- bv s- p- Xn- \p kc- famb D]mbw kzbw A-sc-
sb- n- gn A\p`hm\nIfmb almmp
am{Xta ]dpXcphm km[n- bpq.
kw_w {_ {]m]vXnp amw C{Xbvp ZpkvX-
c- amb- sX-psImv? Cu Pnmkm]qnv ]c-am
kzcq]s hn- psImv AXns\ {Kln- p- XpsIm
p ^es ]dbpp.
15. Ai_vZa-kv]ia-cq]-a-hybw
XYmckw \nXya-Kh bXv
A\mZy\w alX: ]cw {[phw
\nNm XrXypapJmXv {]ap-NytX.
Cu a{n B ]c-{_- ]c-ammhns\ {]mIrX- i
_vZ, kv ]i, cq], ck, K- c- lnX- s\p ]dpsImv
kmwkm- cn- I- hnjbsf {Kln- p C{n- b- v
AhnsS hsc Fphm Ignbpnsp shfnhmpp.
Atlw \nXy\pw Ahn\minbpw A\mZnbpw koamc-ln-
X\pw BIpp. Pohmmhnepw t{ijvThpw kYmk
Xyhpw BIpp. Atls Adn- np a\pjy \nXy
ambn P\-\-a- c- W- fn\np tamN\w t\Spp.
kw_w D]tZis ]qn-bmn-bnv C\n Cu
BJym\s {ihnpXpw hnpXpw sImp
amlmys ]dbpp
I K
N P
57
16. \mNn-tIX-ap]mJym\w arXypt{]mw
k\m- X\w
Dzm {ipXzm N ta[mho {_-temtI
alo-b-tX.
Cu Aymb- n \NntIXn\v ba- cmP \Inb
D]tZiw Hcp ]pXnb Imcysampa, CXp ]c- cmKXamb
k\mX-\-amb D]mJym\-amIpp. _pn-bp a\pjy
CXns\ hnpw {ihnpw {_-temIn {]XnjvT
t\Spp.
17. b Caw ]caw Kplyw {imh-tbZv
{_-kw-kZn
{]bX: {im-Imte hm XZm\ymb Iev]tX.
XZm\ymb Iev]X CXn.
bmsXmcp hnip-\mbnv {i-tbmSpIqSn Cu ]c-
ac- l- kyamb {]`mjWs XXzhnthN\m]qw `KhXv
t{]an-Ifpw ip-lr-Zb-cpamb {_m- WcpsS kZn
tInppthm AYhm {im- Ime- fn t`mP\w Ign
p {_-Wsc tIn- ppthm Ahs Cu h-
\-cq]amb Iw A\-amb ^es {]Zm\w sNp-
XmIpp. A\-amIp-Xn\p kahpamIpp. Hp
IqSn ]dpsImv Cu knmns \nnX-Xzhpw
Aymb- ns kam]v Xn- bpsS eyhpw Ipdnpp.
Aymbw 2.
kw_w ]c-{_ ]c-ammhv Fm Pohn-Ifnepw
nXn- sNpp. Fm Hcppw ImWs-Spn- .
hfsc hnc- f- am- bnt Bs- nepw kqv a- _p- n-
bnqSn Atls Zin- phm Ign-bppq. B
{_ Xs Xs lrZb- n nXnsNptm Fm
hpw Xmm-fpsS _pn-bmIp t\{X- hgn
FpsImp ImWphm Ignbpn? Npcpw Nnev
FpsImp ImWphm Ignbpp? As\ Hcp {]iv\w
DZnpp. CXn\p adp]Sn ]dbpp
1. ]cmn Jm\n hyXr-WXv kzbw-`q
kvXkvamXv ]cmMv]iyXn \mcm
In- o-cx-{]Xy-Kmm\- ssa
Zmhr Npc-ar-XXz an.
i_vZw, kv]iw, cq]w, ckw, Kw Cu C{n-b- -
fpsS Fm qehn-jb-fpw ]pd- ta-bp- hbmIpp.
CXns bYmamb Adnhn- \pthn- bmIpp C{nb-
sf cNn- n-cn- p-Xv. FpsImsm ChbpsS
m\- anmsX a\pjyv GsXnepw hnjb- ns cq]
ttbm KpWttbm Adnbphm km[npn. AXp
t]mse Xs Ahsb bYmtbmKyw {KlnpIbpw XyPn
pIbpw sNbvXp. `Khms C{nb- \nmtWmtis
k^-eamp-Xn-\pthn Ah am-ambn \ho\ ip`
Isf A\pjv Tn-phm\pw km[n- pp. a\pjy
C{n-b- aqew kzmy{]Zhpw kp_pn-ZmbIhpw
hniphpw Bb hnjb- sf kzoIcn-np kpJ-amb
PohnXw \bn-psImp ]c-ammhn--tebvv Fn-t
cp- Xn\p D]m[nbmbnv C{nb- sf \nnncnpp.
AXn-\m kzbw-`qhmb `Khm C{n-b- -fpsS apJw
shfn-bn- tembn LSn-n-n-cn-pp. Fm hnthI
iq\yXbm A[nIamfpIfpw Cmcyw {KlnmsX hnj
bm-k- cpw D- -cp- ambn B]mX ca- Wob- - -fmb
]cnWma- fn `Khm\n\npw AIv ZpxJ-timIab
\c-I-fn Fn-p-hbmb Aip-hn-jbt`mK
fn Xs apgpIn--gn-bpp. Ah A-cyman-bmb
]c-ammhns t\v t\mpn Xs. Npcpw Nne
_pn- am-m am{Xw kw-Kw- sImpw kzmymbw
sImpw `KhXv Ir]bm Aip-hn- jbt`mKfpsS
]cnWmaZpxJ- sf Adnv AarX- kzcq]\mb ]c- amm
hns\ {]m]n- p-Xn- \p Cbm t{]cn- X- cmbn _mly
hnjb-kpJfn\npw ]nncnv Ahsb `Khw-
_nbmb hnjb- fn {]thinnv A-cmmhns\
A- cymanbmb, ]c- amammhns\ Zinpp.
2. ]cmN: Imam\-\pbn _mem
kvtX artXymbn hnX- Xky ]miw
AY [ocm Aar-XXzw hnZnXzm
[vdph-a-[vdpth-jznl \ {]m-b-t.
bmsXmcp hnjb- - fpsS shnnfepw B]m
XcmaWob- Ihpw Inv Ahbn Bk- \mbn Ahsb
{]m]np- Xn\pw t`mKnpXn\pw thn Zp`hpw Aaq
eyhpamb a\pjyPohn- Xs \in-n-ppthm Ah
AXyw _pnlo\- \mIpp. \n- b- ambpw Ah k
Imehym]nbmb arXyphns ]mim _ns- Spp.
ZoL-Imew hsc \m\m{]Im-c--fn-ep tbm\n-Ifn
P\\w kzoIcnpsImpw IqsSqsS acnpsImpw Ccn
pp. Fm _pnammcmbnp- h Cu hnjbs-
n Kl- \- ambn Cs\ Nnn- pp. Cu C{nb-- fpsS
t`mKsfmw PohnIp ap tbm\nIam{Xw kmZn
psImSpphmt\ ]cym]vXamIbpq. a\pjyicocw Fm
nepw hne- WamWv . AXns hmkv XhntImtiw hnj
tbm]t`mKn\mbnsm. C{]Imcw Nnnnv CXns
Dtiw AarX- kz- cq]\pw \nXy\pamb ]c- {_ ]c- amm
hns\ {]m]npIbmsWpw AXv Cu icoc- ns
e`yamIpsapw D Imcyw Ah\p a\-n-emIptm
Ah ktXm`mhn Atl-n- tebvp Xncn- bp
Ibpw sNpp. ]ns Ah Cu hn\mi kz`mhtm
SpIqSnb PKn W`wKpc-- fmb t`mKsf {]m]n
p-Xn-\p A`n-emjtmSpIqSn Ncn-pn-. Ah
bn \npw kYm hnc- -\mbnv AXyw {imep
hmbn ]c-amkm[-\-Ifn hym]r- X- \mbn- gn- bpp.
I K
N P
58
3. tb\ cq]w ckw Kw i_vZm
kv]imw ssaYp\m
GtXss\h hnPm-\mXn Ina{X ]cn-in-jytX.
GXssZz XXv.
i_vZw, kv]iw, ckw, Kw apX-emb Fm hn[-
n-ep hnjb--fn\npw kv {Xokl- hmk-n
\npw e`yamIp kpJ-fpw a\pjy\v GsXmcp ]c-a-
tZh\n\npw e`yambnp m\-i- nZzmcm A\p`
hapmIppthm Atl- m \Is- n- p in-
sImpXs ChbpsS W`wKpc- XIsf a\- nemp
p. Cu kpJ--fn ChnsS Ahtijn-pXv Fv
Fv Nnn- m Chsbmw {]Xn- Ww amdn-smncn-
pXpw hn\mi kz`mhtmSpIqSnbXpw BsWpw a\-
nemphm Ign-bpp. Chsb-mn- tbpw ]c- amIm
c-W\mb GIam{X ]c-{_ ]c-ta- iz-c am{Xw \nXy\m
Ipp. Atlw BZyw Dmbn-cpp, Ahkm\w Dm
bncnpIbpw sNpw. AXn-\m Atbm \Nn-tIX-t,
\nm tNmZn- s {_- XXzw CXpXs- bmIpp; AXv
Fmntbpw _mnbpw Fmntdbpw Ayhpw
AJn- en-tbpw A[n-]Xnbpw AJn-entbpw ]ca
KXnbpw BIpp.
4. kz]v\mw-PmKcn-Xmw tNm`u
tb\m-\p- ]iyXn
almw hn`pamm\w aXzm [otcm
\ timNXn.
GsXmcp ]cammhns kl- tbmKwsImv Cu Pohm
mhp kz]v\mh-bnepw Pm{KZh-bnepw kw`hn-
p Fm kw`hfptSbpw A\p`hw IqsS-qsS
{]m]n-psIm-n- cn-p-pthm Chsbmw Adn-bp--Xn-
\p in CXn\v GsXmcp ]c{_ ]c- taizc\n\npw
e`y- am-bn-cn-p-pthm bmsXmns Ir]- bm Cu
Pohnv AXns (]c- amm) hnm\inbpsS Hcwiw
{]m]v X- am- bn- cn- p- p- thm, Ah- bv s- m- ap- ]- cn- bmbn
alpw kZm k{X hym]v Xhpw Bb ]c- {_ ]c-
taizcs\ Adnbp [oc]pcpj Hcnepw bmsXmcp Imc
Whimepw teiam{Xw t]mepw timIw A\p`hnpn.
5. b Caw a[zZw thZ Bm\w Poha-n-ImXv
Cuim\w `qX- `hyky \ XtXm hnPq-Kp-]vk
tX. GXssZz XXv.
bmsXmcp km[- I AJne Poh {]ZmbI\pw PohnI
fpsS ]c-a-Poh\pw Ahsb kzw I^ew A\p`hn-
np- h\pw `qXw, h-am\w, `mhn Fo PKp-
fpsS GIam{X `c- Wm[n-Imcnbpw Bb ]c- {_ ]c- ta- iz
cs\ ""A- cymanbmbn \nc- cw Xs kao]nepw lrZ
b- nepw nXn- sNpp Fp {Kln- ppthm, AXp
t]mseXs Atlw FmhcptSbpw lrZb- -fnepw
hkn-pp Fpw kzm`mhn-Iambn A\pam\n-pp
Fn Ah\v ]noSv B alnamab kzcq]s Hcnepw
ad-phm Ign-bp-X-. AXn-\m Ah Hcn-epw
Btcbpw \nn-pn-, BtcmSpw shdppw hntZz-jhpw
{]ISnnpn. \NntIXt, \o GsXmcp {_- s- n
tNmZnncnppthm AXv CXpXs- bmIpp. AXns\- -
s-bmWp Rm apIfn hnp Ignn-cn- p-Xv.
kw_w {_lv aw XpSn mhc- ]cyw kIePohn
Ifpw B ]c- {_ ]c-ta- iz- c- \m D--ambncnpp.
AXmbXv Fsmaptm Ahsbmw Atlns cq]
hntij-fmIpp. Atl-n\npw `n-ambn Chn-
sS bmsXmpw Xsbn-. FpsIm-sm Cu
kq PKns A`n- \nantm]mZm\- ImcWw GI
am{X\mb ]c- taizc Xs- bmIpp; Atlw GI\mbn
s AJnenepw IpSn- sImpp. C\n Xw- _
ambn ]dbpp
6. bx ]qw X]tkm PmX- aZv`y:
]qh- a- Pm- bX
Kplmw {]hniy XnjvTw tbm
`qtX-`nhy]iyX. GXssZz XXv.
bmsXmp Pen \npw D]enXamb ]-a- lm
`qX-pw apv lnc-WyK` {_mhns cq]n
{]Xyambn- cppthm Atlw Xt-Xs kev]cq]
amb X]n- \m {]IS-amIp-h\pw AJn- ePohPme-
fptSbpw lrZb- KplIfn {]hnjv S\mbn AhtbmSpIqSn
kl-hkn-p ]c-ta-iz-c-s\, bmsXmcp Atlw
Fmhcp-tSbpw lrZb- -fnepw A[n- hkn-p- h\pw
Fmntbpw A- cymanbpSamb ]c- taizc Xs- bm
Ippshpw Cu kq PKv Atl-ns aln-
a-bm {]Imin-ppshpw {Kln-ppthm Ah
bmYmys- s {Klnpp. AJnelrZb- fn
A[nhkn- p-h\mb kmm ]c- {_ ]c-ta- izc-s\
-s- bmWp \o Adnhm B{Kln- Xv.
kw_w AtX ]c-{_s C\n AZn-Xn- tZhn- bpsS
cq]n hnpp
7. bm {]mtW\ kw`hXyZn-XntZhXmabo
Kplmw {]hniy XnjvTow bm
`qtX-`nhyPmb-X. GXssZz XXv.
k tZhXma-bn-bmb `KhXn AZn-Xn-tZhn Ghpw
BZyw B ]c- {_- ns kev]n\npw Fm PK
ntbpw Poh\ intbmSpIqSn D- hnpw Fm Pohn
Itfbpw _oPcq]tmSpIqSn XtmSptNpw {]Xy-
ambn-cpp. lrZbqc-]amIp Kpl-bn {]hn- jv S-bmbn
AhnsSs hknp B `KhXn, `Khms ANny
almin, `Khm\n\npw kYm A`n- amIpp; `K
hmsbpw AhfpsSbpw in- bn bmsXmcp hyXymk
hpan-. `Khm Xs in-cq]n FmhcptSbpw
lrZ- b- - fn {]th- in- n- cn - p- p. \Nn - tI- X- t,
I K
N P
59
GsXmns\- n \o Pnmkphmbncppthm AXp Xs
B ]c-{_amIpp.
AYhm P\-\ocq]n kakvX tZhItfbpw krjvSn-
XpImcWw Ah ktZhXma-bn- bmbn; i_vZmZn
kakvX t`mK kaql- sf `n- p-hfmb- XpsImv
AhfpsS \maw AZnXn Fmbn. Ah lnc- WyK` cq]
amb {]mWt\mSpIqSn {]ISamIpIbpw kakv X `qX{]mWn
ItfmSp IqSns bmsXmns {]mZp`mhw DmIp
Ibpw AXpt]mseXs bmsXmv Fm `qX{]mWn- Ifp
tSbpw lrZb- Kpl-Ifn {]hn- jvS-bmbn AhnsS nXn-
sNpIbpw sNppthm B ]c-ta-izcs almin
hmkvX-hn Atl-ns {]XoIw Xs-bmIpp.
kzbw ]c- taizcXs Cu cq]n Xs- s {]I
S-amn-bn-cn-pp. \Nn-tIX-t, \o Adn-bphm\m{Kln-
p {_w CXpX-s-bmIpp.
8. Ac-tWym\n-lntXm PmX- thZm K`
Ch kp`rtXm K`n-Wo`n:
Znth Znh CutUym PmKr-hZv`nl-hn-jva-Zv`n
a\p-tjy`n-c-n:. GXssZz XXv.
K`n-Wn- bmb kv {Xobn\npw ip- amb A- ]m\m
Zn- I kzoIcnv ]cn-]pjvS- \mb _me F{]Imcw K`
n Hfnncnppthm AtX{]ImcwXs k
\mb An- `Khm Ac-Wn- - SnIfpsS CS- bn Hfnn-
cn- pp. AXpt]mse AnhnZysb {Klnn- p ]cn- {i
anIfpw {imepfpw Fm Ahiykma{Ko kcpamb
a\pjyKW {]XnZn\w Bsc kv XpXnpIbpw BZcn
pIbpw sNppthm B AntZh k\mb
]c-ta-iz- cs {]XoIw-X-s- bmIpp. \Nn-tI-Xt! \o
tNmZn- Xmb kmm ]c- {_w CXpXs- bmIpp.
9. bX-tmtZXn kqtcymkvXw b{X N KXn
XwtZhm: kth An-XmkvXZp \mtXyXn
I\. GXssZz XXv.
GsXmcp ]c- ta- iz- c- \n \npw kqcytZh {]Xy-
\mIpIbpw FhnsSsv hneb\w {]m]npIbpw sNp
pthm bmsXmcps alnabn \npXs kqcytZ
hs DZbmkvXab- eoeI \nb- a]qw \Sppthm B
]c- {_-ns kq- tZh {]hn- jv S\mIpp;
Fmw AXns nXn- sNpp. Bpw B
km-Ihpw ka-bhpw Fmn-sbpw BZnbpw
Ahpw B{ib- m\- hpamb ]c- taizcs alnatbbpw
hyh- tbbpw Dw- Lnphm kmya- . ktXm`m
htmSpIqSn Fmw Ftmgpw Atl-ns A[o\
n Atl- n- s-Xs `c-Wn IgnpIqSpp.
Bpw Xs Atlns alnasb ISpt]mIphm
km[npn. \o tNmZnXmb kmm {_w B in
am\mb ]c- {_- ]pcptjm-a-\mIpp.
10. btZthl XZap{X bZap{X XZ\znl
artXym: k arXypam]vt\mXn b Cl
\mt\h ]iyXn.
bmsXmv kin-am\mbn, kmcyman-bmbn,
AJn- en-tbpw ]c-a-Imc-W\mbn nXn- sNp ]c-
{_- ]pcptjm- a ChnsS Cu ]rYznbn- s- bpv;
AXpXs AhnsS ]c-temIn-epw, AXmbXv tZhK
mZn hn`n--temI--fn-epw, ImWs-Spp. XYm
bmsXmv AhnsSbptm AXpXs ChnsSbpapv. Htc
]c- ammhpXs AJne {_mWv U- fnepw hym]vX\m
bn-cn-pp. bmsXmcp B Htc ]c-{_s eoe
bn\npw \m\m \ma- - fnepw cq]-fnepw {]Imin- p
XpIv tamlhnhi\mbn AXn \m\mXzs hn`mh\w
sNppshn Ah\p hopw arXyphn\v A[o\- \mtI
Xmbn hcpp. Ah kzm`mhn-Iambpw P-ac- WN{I
n\npw tamN\w t\Spn. AXmbXv GI\mb ]c-
{_-]c-ta-iz- c Xs ANnyin-tbmSpIqSn \m\m
cq]-fn {]IS-amIp-Xn\pw Cu {]]w apgph
AIpw ]pdpw B Htc ]c-ammhn-\ms
hym]v XamIp- Xn\pap Imc- Whpw Atl- ns kzcq
]hn- tijw Xs- sbv ZrVXm]qw a\- nem- Ww.
11. a\-sskthZam]vXhyw t\l
\m\mkvXn InwN\
artXymx k arXypw KXn b Cl \mt\h
]iyXn.
]c-ammhns ]c-a- XXzw ip-lr-Zb- tmSpIqSn
s C{]Imcw {Klnphm Ignbpp. Cu PKn
GIam{X ]c-ammhpXs ]cn-]q-\mIpp. Fmw
Atl-ns cq]w-X-s-bmIpp. ChnsS ]c-amm
hn\npw `n-ambn bmsXmpan-. bmsXmcp-
ChnsS hn`n--Xsb Zin-pp Fn B a\pjy
arXyphn\npw arXyphns\- s {]m]n- pp; IqsS-
qsS P\npIbpw acnpIbpw sNt- Xmbn hcpp.
12. AwKpjvT-am{X: ]pcptjm a[y
B\n XnjvTXn
Cuimt\m `qX- `hyky \ XtXm
hnPp-Kp-]vktX. GXssZz XXv.
A- cymanbmb ]c- ta-iz- c `qX h- am\ `mhn-Ime
-en kw`hn- p Fm PohnIfpSbpw `c- Wm[nImcn
bmIpp, kam\-`mhm kZm k{X ]cn]q-
\mIpp. Fn-cpmepw lrZb- n Atl-ns
m\w alXztadn-b-sXp IcpX-s-Spp. ]c- ta-iz-c
bmsXmcp qekqvamImc- hn-tijtmSpIqSnb-Xmbn
cn-pn-. Fm nXn--\pkc- Wambn Atlw
Fm BImcpw AXoX\mIpp. p{Z- fmb Fdp
pIfpsS lrZb- n AXns lrZbmImc- ns ]cn
I K
N P
60
Wma- n hncmPnpp. a\pjylrZbw AwKpjvT]cn-
Wmanep- XmIpp. a\pjy ]c- ammhns\ {]m]np
hm AhImin-bmbn- s IcpXpp. AXn- \m a\p
jylrZbw ]c{_ ]c- taizcs D]e_v [np m\-
ambn IWm- s- Spp. AXn- \m ChnsS a\pjycpsS
lrZb- ]cnamWa\pkcnv ]c- taizcs\ AwKpjvSam{Xamb
Afhn hn`mh\w sNpp. C{]Imcw ]ctaizcs\ Xs
lrZbn nXnsNp- XmbnmWp- h, C{]Imcw
FmhcptSbpw lrZb- n Atlw hncmPn-pp
Fp kzm`mhn-Iambn [cn-pp. XmcWw Ah
]noSv Btcbpw \nn- pIbpw shdppIbpw sNpn
. \Nn-tIXt! GsXmn-s\-n \o tNmZn-pthm AXv
Cu ]c-{_-amIpp.
13. AwKpjvT-am{X: ]pcptjm
tPymXn-cn-hm[q aI:
Cuimt\m `qX- `hyky k GhmZy k D iz:
GXssZz XXv.
a\pjys lrZb- Kpl- bn nXnsNp Cu AwKp
jv Tam{X ]pcpj `qXw, `mhn, h- am\w CXpIsf \nb-
{n- p kzX- {- `- c- Wm- [n- Im- cn- bm- Ip- p. Ctlw
tPymXna-b\pw BIp-p. kqcyt\bpw An-tbbpw
t]mse Djv W{]Iminbmbncnppan. Fm Znhyhpw
imhpamb {]Imitm-Sp-IqSnbh\mIp-p. euInI
tPymXn- pIfn [qa- cq]w tZmjIc- amIpp. CXv [qa-c-
ln-Xhpw tZmjc- ln-Xhpw kYm hnip-m\-kz-cq
]hpw BIpp. ap tPymXnpI hfcpIbpw XfcpIbpw
bYmkabw AWbpIbpw sNpp. Fm CXv Cs-
- s\tbm AXt]mse \msfbpw nXnsNpp. CXns
GIc- kX \nXyhpw Ap- hpamIpp. CXv Hcn- epw
Ipd- bpn, Hcn- epw hf-cpn. Hcn- epw \in- pn-
. \NntIXt! Cu ]cn- h-\- c-ln- X\pw Ahn- \minbp
amb ]c- taizc- s\- - ns \o tNmZnpp.
14. btYmZIw ZptK hrjvSw ]tXjp
hn[mhXn
Ghw [m ]rYIv ]iyw- kvXmt\- hm-\p-
hn- [mh- Xn.
ag- shw Hpam{X- ta- bpp. Fm AXv AXyp-
X--fmb ]X--fnepw sImSpapSn-Ifnepw hjn-p
tm AhnsS AXp Xn\npn. AXnthKw Xmgv
`mK- fntep HgpIn hn`n h- - fnepw BImc- n
epw, K- tmSpIqSnbpw \mep `mK-fntebvpw NnX-
dntmIpp. CtX {]ImcwXs Htc ]c- ammhn\npw
D- hn hn`n kz`mh- tfmSpIqSnb tZhmkpc a\pjym
ZnI ]cammhns\ {]tXyIw {]tXyIw hn`mh\w sNbvXv
Atl- n\v D]mk\- Ifpw ]qPmZn- Ifpw sNbv Xv Ahcpw
NnXdn- tmb Pen\p Xpeyw hn`n tZhmkpcmZnIfpsS
temI-fnepw AXpt]mseXs \m\m{]Imc- -fn- ep
tbm\n-Ifnepw Aep Xncn-tbXmbn-hcpp. Ah\v
{_-temIw {]m]nphm km[ya.
15. btYmZIw ipt ip-amknw
XmZrtKh `hXn
Ghw apt\hn-Pm\X Bm `hXn KuX-a.
Fm ag-bpsS \nePew \neambn-s
hjn-pIbmsWn AXv AtX- Ww Xs ]hn- {X-
ambnocpambncpp. AXn bmsXmcp hnImc- - fpapm
Ibn, Hcn-S- tbvpw NnXdntmIpIbnmbncpp. CXp
t]mseXs Atbm KuX- ahwiob-\mb \NntIXt,
Cu ImWp-sXmw ]c-{_ ]pcptjm-a Xs
Fp XXzw \mbn {Klnp a\- \- ioe {]]-
ns _mly- cq- ]- p- ]- ]- c- X- \mb ]pcp- j- s,
Bmhp ]c- {_-n ebnv AXnt\mSpIqSn XmZmyw
{]m]npp.
1. ]pc- ta- Im- Zi-Zzm- c-a-P-kymh-{I-tNXk:
A\pjvTmb \ timNXn hnap-
hnap-NytX. GXssZz XXv.
a\pjyicoc- amIp \Kcw cpIpI, cp sNhn
I, cp \mkmZzmc-, Hcp apJw, {_- c-{w, \m`n,
KpZw, iniv\w Fo ]Xns\mp hmXnepItfmSp IqSn- b-
XmIpp. CXv khym]nbpw Ahn\minbpw APmhpw
\nXy\pw, \nhn- Imc- \pw, GIc-k\pw, hnip m\-kz-
cq]\pamb ]c- ta-iz- cs \Kc- amIpp. Atlw k{X
ka`mh\tbmSpIqSn Fmfpw ]cn]q- \mbncppsImv
Xs cmP-[m\n-bmb Cu a\pjyicoc-ns lrZb
{]mkmZtmsS cmPmhn\pXpeyw hntijcq]n hncm
PnpsImncnpp. Cu clkys {Klnp Pohnp
bmsXmcp `P\kv ac- WmZnkm[\- I A\pjvTnp \K
c-ns alm[n-Imcn-bmb ]c-ta-iz-cs\ \nc-cw Nnn-
pw [ym\npw Ign-bppthm Ah Hcn-epw timIw
A\p`hnpn; Ah timIImc-W-fmb kwkmc-
_\- fn\npw tamN\w t\Sn Pohp\mIpIbpw
icoc- XymKn\ptijw hntZ-l-bp- \mbn `hn-bpw
sNpp; ]c- ammhn hnebw {]m]nv P\- \- a- cW N{I
n\npw Fs- tpambn tamN\w t\Spp. \o Adn
bphm thn tNmZn- Xv Cu khym]I\mb ]c- {_
- s- -nbmIpp.
kw_w C\n B ]c- taizcs kcq]s kv]jvSo
Icn- pp.
2. lwkx ipNn-jZv hkp-c-cn-k
tmXm thZn-jZXn-YnZptcmWkXv
\rjZv hc-kZr- X- kZv thyma-kZ_vPm
tKmPm-EXPm A{ZnPm EXw-_rl-Xv.
{]mIrX KpW- XoXhpw Znhyhn-ip- hpamb ]c-
a-[ma-n hncmPn-p kzbw {]Imin-bmb ]c-{_
I K
N P
61
]pcptjm-a Xs A-con k- cn-p
hkp Fp t]cp tZh\mIpp; Atlw Xs AXn-
Yn-bpsS cq]n Krl-s `h\- n BKX-\m
Ipp; Atlw Xs bthZn-bn {]Xn-jvTn-X-ambn-
cnp tPymXnab Anbpw AXpt]mse Xs AXn
BlqXn \S- p tlmXmhpw BIpp. Atlw Xs
Fm a\pjycpsS cq]nepw nXnsNpp. a\pjysc
At]nv t{ijvT-mcmb tZhmcptSbpw ]nXr--fp
tSbpw cq]n nXnsNpIbpw kXyn A[njv Tn
X-ambn-cn-pIbpw sNpp. Atlw Xs Pen
ayambpw iwJmbpw ipnbmbpw {]ISamIpp. ]rYzn
bn hr- ambp w Ap - c- ambp w A- ambp w
Huj[nbmbpw bmZn k- fn \m\mhn[- -
fnepap b ^e-fpsS cq]nepw ]X- -fn
\Zn apXemb- hbpsS cq]nepw {]ISamIpp. Atlw
Fm hoWnepw Fmnepw t{ijvThpw alpw
]ca kXyX- Xzhpw BIpp.
3. Du[zw{]mWap--b-Xy]m\w {]XyKkyXn
at[y hma-\-amko\w hntiz tZhm D]mktX.
icoc- n \nb- am\pkrXambn A\-hcXw {]mWm]m
\mZn- IfpsS {Inb \SpsImn-cn-pp. Cu PUhkv Xp
-fn ImWs-Sp {InbmioeX B ]c-ammhns
inbpw t{]c-Wbpw-sImp kw`-hn-pp. Atlw
Xs am\-hlr-Zb-fn cmPmhn\p Xpeyw hncmPn-p
sImv {]mWs\ apIfntebvpw A]m\s\ Xmtgbv pw
Xnsmncn-pp. C{]Imcw Atlw icoc- n- \p
n kw`hnp Fm hym]mc-- tfbpw kpNmcpcq]
n {IaoIcnpp. lrZb-n- X\mb B ]c- a`P\ob
]c- {_- ]pcptjm- as\ Fm tZhX- Ifpw D]mknpsIm
n- cnpp. icoc-nXamb {]mW, a\- v , _pn apX
emb Fm C{n-b-fptSbpw A[n- jvTm\-tZhX-I B
]c- taizcs\ {]kmZn- n- p- Xn-\pthn AhbpsS t{]c-
Wb- \pkcnv \nXyhpw {i-tbmSpIqSn ka-kvX- Imcy-
tfbpw bYmhn[n {IaoIcn- psImn- cnpp.
4. Aky hn{kw kam\ky
icoc-ky tZln\x
tZlmZzn-ap-Nyam\ky Ina{X ]cn-in-jytX.
GXssZz XXv.
Hcp icoc-n\npw asmntebv p Ka\- kz- `m
htmSpIqSnb tZln (Pohmmhv) Cu h- am\- icocw
hnpt]mIptm AXnt\mSpIqSn C{nb- fpw {]mW\pw
ISpt]mIpp. Atm Cu arXicoc- n Fhti
jn- pp? ImgvNsmpw Ahtijnp-Xmbn- mW
s-Spn-. Fm kZm kam\- `m-h-tm-SpIqSn
k{X ]cn]q- \mbncnp B ]c- {_ ]c- taizc
tNX-\-bnepw Pohn-X-nepw PUnepw Fmnepw
kZm hym]v X- \mIpp, AXv Ahtijnpp. \o Adnb-
Wsam{Klnp ]c- {_w CXpXs- bmIpp.
kw_w C\n Xmsg- d-bp cp a{- fnembn ba
cmP \Nn- tIX-n-\m tNmZn--s XXzs hopw
asmcp {]Imc- n hnmsap {]Xn sNpp.
5. \ {]mtW\ \m]mt\\ atXym
PohXn I\
CXtcW Xp Pohn bkv an-t-Xmhp-]m{in-Xu.
6. l X CZw {]h-yman Kplyw {_
k\mX\w
bYm N acWw {]m]y Bm `hXn KuX-a.
bacmP ]dp ""\Nn-tIXt Hcp Znhkw \n-
b-ambpw arXypapJ-n Ft-hcmb Cu a\pjymZn
PohmI {]mWtbpw A]m\tbpw insImp Pohn
n- cnpn. Chsb PohnnpXv asmcp tNX\mX- Xz-
amWv . Pohmmhv AXmIpp. Cu {]mW\pw A]m\\pw
cpw B Pohmmhns\ B{i-bnp Ignbpp.''
Pohmmhns\ IqSmsX Ahbvv Hcp Ww t]mepw
\ne\nphm Ignbpn- . Pohmmhp ISpt]mIp
tm Ch am{X-a ChtbmsSmv Fm C{n- b-fpw
AXns\ A\pkcnp ISpt]mIpp. C\n ac- Wm\- cw
Cu Pohmmhns\- pkw`hnpp? AXv Ftmpt]m
Ip XYm F{]Imcw hknpp Fpw Rm ]dp
X-cmw. AtXmSpIqSn ]ca cl-kyhpw khym]nbpw
km[mchpw km[n- ]Xnbpw Bb ]c- {_ ]c-ta- iz
cs kzcq]w FmsWpw ]dpXcmw.
7. tbm\n-at\y {]]Zyt icoc-Xzmb tZln\x
mWpat\y\pkw-bn bYmI
bYm{ipXw.
ba-cmP ]dbpp ""Ah\-hs ip`mip`I
- \pkcnpw imkv{Xw, Kpcp, kwKw, ]Tnv apX-em
b-hbv-\pkc-Wambn Ipw tIpw Dmb `mh-
fn\npw \nn-X-amb AyIme hmk\b- \pkcnp
ac- Wm\-cw F{Xtbm PohmfmIs ap icocw [cn
p-Xn-\pthn hocytmSpIqSn amXmhns tbm\n-
bn {]thin-pp. Chcn BcpsS ]pWy]m]
Xpeyambn-cn-ppthm Ah a\pjy-cptSbpw Bp
]pWyw Ipd-hmbncnpIbpw ]m]w A[nIambncnpIbpw
sNppthm Ah ]narKmZnIfpsS icocw kzoIcnp
P\n-pIbpw ]m]w AXy[n-Iambp At\Iw t]
mhc-`mhtbpw (hr-w, eX, XrWw, ]Xw apX-
embh) {]m]np P\n- pp.''
kw_w bacmP Pohmmhns KXnbpw ]c- amm
hns kzcq]hpw Cu cp kwKXn-Ifpw ]d- bmsap
{]Xn sNbvXn-cpp. CXn ac-Wm\- cw Pohmm
hns KXn Fmbnocpp? AXp ]dnv Imcy
]dbpp
I K
N P
62
8. b Gj kp]vtXjp PmKn Imaw Imaw
]pcptjm \nn-amWx
XtZhip{Iw XZv {_ XtZhmarXapNytX.
Xkvanw-tmImx {inXmx kt XZp \mtXyXn
I-\. GXZv ssh XXv.
Pohmmhnsd I- f\pkcnv \m\m{]Imc- - fn
ep t`mKsf \nnp- h\pw Ahsb bYmtbmKyw
hyh sNp-h\pamb Cu ]c-a-]pcpj]c-ta-iz-c
kakvX Pohn-Ifpw \n{Zbn-emXn\p taepw {]f-b-Ime
n Fmnt- bpw, m\w ep]v Xambnocptm)
kz-amb aln- a-bn \nXyw Pm{Kmbn-cn-pp. At
lw kzbw m\ kzcq]\m-Ipp. bmsXm-cps
m\w kZm GIc-kambn- cn- ppthm, Hcnepw IqSp
Itbm IpdbpItbm ep]vX-amIpItbm sNmXn- cn-p
pthm AXpXs ]c- a- ip-ZnhyX- Xzw BIpp; AXp
Xs ]c-{_amIpp. AXn-s\-s m\n-Ifmb
almm hgnbmbn {]m]yamb ]c- amar- Xkzcq]]c- am
\w Fp ]db- s- Spp. Cu kq- temIw AXns\
B{ibnp \ne\npp. AXn\-sc Bpw Fp
hm Ign- bp-X Bpw AXns \nb-asf AXn
{Ian-phm Ign-bpn-. Fmw kZm GIam{X- amb
AXns `c- Wn Iogn Ign-bpIbpw AXn-\-[o\-am
bn-cn-pIbpw sNpp. Bpw AXns aln-a-bpsS
A- c-- S- p- hm kmy-a- . GsXmn- s\- n \o
FtmSp tNmZnpthm B {_- XXzw AXpXsbmIpp.
kw_w C\n An- bpsS ZrjvSmm B ]c- {_
-]c- taizcs hym]IXtbbpw \nte]Xtbbpw hn
pp.
9. Anb-ssYtIm `ph\w {]hnjvtSm
cq]w cq]w {]Xn-cqt]m _`qh
GIkvXYm k`qXmcmm
cq]w cq]w {]Xn-cqt]m _ln-.
Htc AnXs \ncmImc- cq]n {_mWv Uw apgp
h hym]n-n-cnpp. AXn\v bmsXmcp t`Z`mh- fpan-
. Fm kmImc- cq]n Pzenptm B[mc- `qX
amb hkvXphn- s\-tmse BImc- tmSpIqSn ImWs-Sp
p. C{]Imcw Xs kakvX {]mWn-Ifnepw \ndp
\np ]c- ta- iz- c GI\-s{X. AJn-enepw ka-`m
hn hym]nn- cn- pp. AXn bmsXmcp {]Imc-n-
epap t`Z`mhan. Fncpmepw Atlw `n`n Pohn
Ifn AtX Pohn-I-\pcq]ambn \m\mcq]-fn
{]Imin- pp. B[mc-hkv Xp- \pcq]ambn Atl-
ns alna {]ISamIpp. hmkv Xhn B ]c-taiz
cs alna CsXmpa. CXns\- m hf- sc-b-[nIw al-
- camIpp, Atlnsd A\amb inbpsS Hcp
IWnIsImpam{Xw Cu kq {_mWvUw \m\m
{]Imc- nep B- cya- b- - fmb inbm k- am
bn-cn-pp.
kw_w Cu Imcyw Xs hmbphns\ Zrjv SmoIcn
psImp ]dbpp
10. hmbpb-ssYtIm `ph\w {]hnjvtSm
cq]w cq]w {]Xn-cqt]m _`qh
GIkvXYm k`qXmcmm
cq]w cq]w {]Xn-cqt]m _ln
Htc hmbpXs Ahy- cq]n {_mWv Uw apgp
h hym]n-n-cn-pp. Fn-cpmepw hnhn[ hkvXp
fpsS kwtbmKn\npw AtX hkvXp\pcq
]amb KXnbpw inbpw {]ISn-n-pp. AtX- {]Imcw
Xs PohnIfnse A- cymanbmb ]c- ta- izc GI\mbn
cpnpw AtX PohnIsf kw_n- nStmfw {]tXyIw
{]tXyIamb inbpw KXnbpw {]IS-ampp. Fm
A{Xsmpa-, Ah-bvs-mn\pw _mlyambnpw
A\-hpw Ako- ahpw Akm[mc- Whpam- b-cq]- n
nXn-sNpp.
kw_w Cu a{n kqcys Zrjv Smw sImp
]c- ammhns \nte]Xsb ImWnpp
11. kqtcym bYm khtemIky Np
\ en]ytX Nmp-ssj_mlytZmssjx
GIkvXYm k`qXmcmm
\ en]ytX temI-ZpxtJ\ _mlyx
Htc kqcyXs {_mWv Us apgph {]Imin-
n-pp. AXns {]Imiw Pohn-IfpsS IpIp
klmb-Ic-amIpp. B {]Imins klmb-tmSp
IqSns BfpI \m\m {]Imc- nep KpWtZmja
b- -fmb I A\pjv Tnpp. Fm AhcpsS
t\{X- hgn sNs-Sp hnhn-[-cq]n-ep I
tZmj-fpambn kqcy Aev ]wt]mepw _- s-Spn- .
C{]Imcw Xs Fmnepw A-cyman-bmb hn-
p `Khm ]c- {_ ]pcptjm-a GI am{X-am
Ipp, Atl-ns in-bn\npw in-bp-am
bnv a\-v, _pn, C{n-b- Ch hgn-bmbn a\pjy
\m\m{]Imc- nepap ip`mip`I A\pjv Tnp
p. AXpt]mse AXpIfpsS ^ekz-cq]-fmb kpJ- Zpx
JmZnI A\p`hnpIbpw sNpp. Fm B ]c-ta
izc AhcpsS Ifnepw en]v XamIpn. FpsIm
sm Atlw AJn- enepw hknppsnepw
Fmn\npw ths]pw kYm Akw-Kambpw
\nesImpp.
12. GtIm hio k`qXm cmm
GIw cq]w _lp[m bx ItcmXn
I K
N P
63
Xamw tb\p]iyn [ocm
kvtXjmw kpJw imizXw t\X- tc-jmw.
GsXmcp ]c-ammhp kZm AJn-entbpw A-
cmmcq]n nXn- sNppthm bmsXmv AZzn-Xo
bhpw kYm kzX- {hpambncn-ppthm AJne PK
nepw tZha- \pjymZn Fmnt\bpw kZm Xs \nb-
{Wn shpsImncnppthm B kiInXm
am\mb ]c-ta- iz- c Xs Htc cq]s Xs eoebmbn
\m\m{]Imc-n- emn- opp. B ]c-am-m-hns\
bmsXmcp m\n-bmb alm]pcpj \nc-cw Xs
Dn nXnsNp- XmbnmWppthm Ah\p am{Xw
kZm nc- ambncnpXpw k\mX\hpw Bb ]c- am\w
e`npp. asmcppw e`npn.
13. \ntXym \nXym\mw tNX\-tX\m\m
tatIm-_lq\mw tbm hnZ[mXn Imam
Xamw tb\]iyn [ocm
kvtXjmw imnx imizXo t\X- tc-jmw.
bmsXmcp kakv X \nXyssNX\yw Bm-fptSbpw
\nXytNX\- bmb BmhmbncnpIbpw bmsXmv kzbw
GIambn-s AJne Pohn-IfptSbpw t`mK-fpsS
AXmXns Im\pkrXambn hn[m\w sNbvXpsImn-
cnppthm kzw Dn \nhknp B k in
am\mb ]c- {_ ]pcptjm- as\ bmsXmcp almm\n
]pcpj \nc- cw ZinpsImncnppthm Atl- n
\pam{Xw kZm nc- ambncnp k\mX- \amb ]c- aimn
e`n- pp ampw e`npn- .
kw_w Pnmkphmb \Nn- tIXv C{]Imcw B
]c-{_ {]m]vXn- bpsS B\-hpw imn-bpsS alnabpw
tInv Bcm Nnn-phm XpSn
14. XtZXZnXn a\yt \ntZiyw ]caw kpJw
IYw \p XZzn-Pm-\obmw Inap `mXn hn`mXn hm.
B k\mX\- ]cam\- hpw ]c- aimnbpw {]m]nnp
m\nIfmb almm Cs\ IcpXpp. bmsXmns\
hnphm a\n\pw hmn\pw IgnbmXncnppthm
B AeuInIhpw ktm]cnbpamb B\w \IpXv
]c- {_ ]pcptjma\mIpp. B ]c- am\ ]ctaizcs\
Rm A]tcm cq]n F{]Imcw Adnbpw AXns
m\w GXpcoXnbn kw`hnpp?
kw_w \NntIX- ns B- cnI`mhw {Klnnv ba
cmP ]dp
15. \ X{X kqtcym `mXn \ N{-XmcIw
t\am hnZyptXm `mn ItXmbanx
Xtah `ma-\p`mXn khw
Xky `mkm khanZw hn`mXn.
B kz{]Imi]c-am\-kz-cq] ]c-{_]c- ta- izcs
kao]w Cu kqcy {]Iminpn. kqcy {]Iminp
tm anman\pns {]Imiw CmXmbnocpXpt]m
se, kqcys tXPpw B Akoa-tX-P-ns apn
ep]vX-ambn-ocq-p. N{, \{X- , hnZypv
Chbpw AhnsS {]Iminpn. ]ns Cu An- bpsS
Imcyw Fv? FpsImsm {]mIrXPKn {]Im
ikz`mhtmSpIqSnb XXz- -sfmw Xs B ]c- {_
]c- taizcs {]ImiinbpsS Awis {]m]nnp ]c-
ta- izcs {]ImiinbpsS Awis {]m]nn- p {]Im
inpp. Ahbvv X- fpsS {]ImiIs kao]w F{]
Imcw {]Imiw ]c- phm Ignbpw? Cu ]q- {]]w
PK-Zmmhmb ]pcptjm--as {]Imiw sImtm
AYhm B {]Imins p{Zamb Awiw-sImtm
{]IminpsImn- cnpp Fp kmcw.
1. Du[z-aqtemhmIv imJ Gtjmizx
k\mX\x
XtZh ip{Iw XZv {_ XtZhmar-Xap-NytX.
Xkvanw-tmIm: {ioXm: kt XZp\mtXyXn
I-\. GXssZz XXv.
bmsXmns aqe`qX- amb ]c-{_ ]pcptjm- a
Ghpw D]cn-bmIppthm AXmbXv, AXn-kqv ahpw
kinam\pw BIppthm, bmsXmns {][m\- imJ
{_mhpw AhmcimJI tZhI ]nXr, a\pjy,
]narKmZnI Ch {Ia{]Imcw Xmsgbpw BIpp; C{]
Imcw Cu {_mWvUamIp Aiz--hrw A\mZn-
Imew apX \nXyambn-cn-pp. Nnetm {]IS- ambpw
Nnetm A{]IS- ambpw Xs Imc- Wcq]amb ]c- {_-
n \nXyhpw nXn-sNpp; AXmbXv k\mX\- amIp
p. bmsXmv CXns aqe- Im- c- W- am- Ip- pthm
AXn\nv Chsbmw D- hnpp, AXpsImpXs
kpc-n-X- ambn-cn-bpw AXn-tebvp Xs hnebn-p
Ibpw sNp- p, AXp- Xs hnip Znhy- X- Xzhpw
{_hpw BIpp. AXn-s\- s Aa- c-Xz- sap ]dbp
p. AJnetemIfpw AXns\ B{ibnp \nevpp.
Bpw AXns\ AXn- ew-Ln-phm Ignbpn-. \Nn-
tIXt, \o Adnbphm B{Kln {_-XXzw CXpXs-
bm- Ipp.
2. bZnZw Inw N PKXv kw {]mW
GPXn \nxkrXw
al- Zv`bw hPvd- ap- ZyXw b GXZzn- Zpc-ar-Xmkv tX,
`h- n.
C{n- bw, a\- v , _pn Ch-sImp ImWp-Ibpw
tIpIbpw {Kln- pIbpw sNp- hbmb kq-
NcmNc- P- Ksmw Xs ]ca Imc-Wcq]amb GsXmcp
]pcptjm- a- \n \npw {]IS- amtbm AtX {]mWkz-cq
]amb ]c- taizc- \n hym]cnpsImn- cnpp. AXmbXv
I K
N P
64
CXns tNjv SIfpsS B[mchpw \nb- {I\pw B ]c- ta-
iz- cX- s- bmIpp. B ]c-ta- izc ]c- a- Zbmephmbn- cn
p-Xp-t]m-seXs AXyw `bkz-cq-]\pamIpp.
sNdpXpw hepXpw Fmw Atls `bs- Spp. At
lw, Dbn- nSn- ncnp h{Pmbp[- n\pXpeyhpamIp
p. Ic- fn h{Pmbp[w DbnnSnp \np {]`p
hn- s\-v Fm tkhIcpw \nc-cw Bm ]me\-
n Xev]c-cmbncn-p- Xpt]mse ka-kv X-tZ- hmcpw
kZm ka- bhpw \nb-am- \p- kcWw Cu ]c-ta-iz- cs
Bm-]me\- n hy{K-X-tbmSpIqSn hn- pp.
bmsXmcp Cu ]c{_s Adnbppthm XXzm
\nbmb B ]pcpj Aa-c- \mbnocpp; P\\ ac-W-
fn \npw ap- \mIpp.
3. `bmZkymn-kvX]Xn `bmXv X]Xn kqcyx
`bmZn-{ hmbp arXyp[mhXn ]ax
Fmn- t\bpw `cnpw AJn-etbpw \nb- {npw
\nb- am\pkcWw Nenn- pwsImn- cn- p Cu ]c- ta- iz
ct\mSp `bw ImcWw An X]npp. AtX `bm
kqcy X]n-pp. AtX `bms C{\pw
hmbphpw ]ar- Xypfpw shtemSpIqSn ]mp\- Sv
ag s]n- pI, PohnIp {]mWin \IpI, Pohn-
IfpsS icocsf \innpI XpSn AhchcpsS tPmen
I {im]qw sNbvXpsImn-cn-pp. Npcpw
Fsm, Cu {]]- n ssZhI aqeambn \nb-
anX cq]n \S--s-psImn-cn-p Fm Imcy
fpw kink\pw AJnentbpw \nb-m
hpamb ]c- ta- iz-cs AtamL imk\m kw`hn-p
sImn- cnpp.
4. Cl tNZiIZv t_myw {]mIv
ico-cky hn{kkx
XX: ktKjp temtIjp icoc-Xzmb Iev]tX.
kin- am\pw AJn- entbpw t{]c- Iinbpw
AJnetbpw `cnpsImn-cn- ph\pamb ]c-ta-iz-
cs\ GsXnepw km[- I Cu Zp`a\pjyicoc- ns
\miw kw`hnp- Xn\p apmbns Adnb- Ww. AXm
bXv Cu icoc- n `P\- kv ac- WmZnkm[- \- I A\pjv Tn
p-Xn- \p in Ftmhsc \ne-\n-evpIbpw
Ftm hsc acWw `hnmXn-cn- pIbpw sNppthm
AXn\p apmbn {i-tbmsS {]b-Xv\np ]c-ammX-Xz-
m\w t\tS--XmIpp; Atm am{Xta Ahs
PohnXw k^-eamIppq. A\mZn-Imew apX P\-\- a-
cW {]hml-n ]Xn-psImn-cn-p Cu PohnXw
AXpsImp tamN\w t\Spp. Asn ]noSv AXpw
sImv At\Iw Iev]w hsc hn`n temIfnepw tbm\n
Ifnepw \nv icocw kzoIcnt- Xn\p _my- ambn
ocpp. AXn- \m a\pjy ac- Wn\p hfsc apm
bn- s ]c- ammhns\ Xncndn- b- Ww.
5. bYmZti XYm \n bYm
kz]vt\ XYm ]nXr-temtI
bYm]vkp ]coh ZZrti XYm KtemtI
OmbmX- ]tbm-cnh {_-temtI.
F{]Imcw If-c-ln-X-amb Z-Wn AXns
apn hp\np hkvXp ZWt- m hne-
Whpw kv]jv S-hpambn ImWs-Sppthm AtX-{]Imcw-
Xs PvRm\nIfmb- hcpsS AxIc-Wn B ]c-ta-
izc AXns\m hne- Whpw kv ]jv Shpambn ImW
s- Spp. F{]Imcw kz]v\- n hkvXpkaqlw bY
cq]n ImWs-SmsX kz]v\-{ZjvSmhmb a\p-jys
hmk\bpw kwkvImc-hpa- \pkcnv Fhn-sStbm D
hkvXp FhnsStbm hnirwJ-ecq]n Akv ]jv Sambn
ImWs-Sppthm A{]Imcw Xs ]nXrtemIn ]c-
ta- izcs kzcq]w bYmhXv kv ]jvSambn ImWs-SmsX
Akv]jvS-ambn-s ImWpp. FpsImsm
]nXr- temIw {]m]n- n-p Pohn-Iv ]qP-- nse
kvarXn-Ifpw Ahn- sS- bp _p- fpsS ]qhXvm
\hpw DXpImcWw Ah XZ\pkc-Wamb hmk\I
fn B_- cmbngn-bpp. KtemIw ]nXr- temI
sm Ipdp t{ijvTamIpp. Pen\pn t\mn
bm {]Xn-_nw_w icnp ImWpnsnepw GXmv
icnbmb cq]n ImWs-Spp. Fm Pens
Hmf ImcWw CfInsmncnp {]XoXnbpmp
p, kv]jvS-ambn ImWs-Spn-. AXpt]msebmWv
kz]v \s At]nv Pm{KZ-h-bpsS nXnbpw
As\- Xs KtemInepw t`mKel- cnbn Ae
b- Snp lrZbtmSpIqSnb AhnSps \nhmknIv
`Khms Zi\w kv]jvS-ambn e`npn-. Fm
{_-temIn Pohn-p-hv \ngepw shbn-epw-
t]mse kz-ambpw B ]c-{_- ]c-ta-iz-c-s\- n-bp
m\w {]Xyambpw kpkv]jvS-ambpw e`n-pp.
AhnsS bmsXmcp hn[- amb {`ahpw \ne\npn. {]Y-
amymb- ns aqmw `mKn BZya{n ]d- b-
s-n-cn-pp Cu a\pjyicocw Hcp temIamIpp,
CXn ]c- {_hpw Pohmmhpw shbnepw \ngepwt]mse
lrZb- cq]nbmb Kpl-bn hknpp. AXmbXv a\pjy
ap temIsf A`nejnmsX Cu a\pjyicocw \ne
\nptms ]c-{_-]-c- ta-iz- c-s\- -n-bp
m\w kmZn-Ww.
6. C{n-bmWmw ]rY- Kv`mhapZbmkvX- abu
N bXv
]rY- Kp-Xv]Zyam\m\mw aXzm [otcm \ timNXn.
i_vZ kv]imZn hnjb--fpsS A\p`hkzcq]ambn
{]tXyIw {]tXyIamb Imcypthn `n- `n cq]
-fn Dev]-ambn-cn-p C{n-b- -fpsS, bmsXmv
{]tXyIw {]tXyIw `mh- tfmSpIqSnb- Xmbncnppthm,
I K
N P
65
AXpt]mse Pm{KZh-bn {]h\ ioetmSpIq
Snb- XmbncnpIbpw kpjp]v XnImen ebambnocp
Ibpw sNp cq]w AXns ]cn-h-\-kz-`mhamIp
p. Chsb- -nsbmw Nnn- nv, _pnammcmb-h Cu
clkyw AXmbXv Cu C{nb- a\- v , _pn AYhm
ChbpsS kwLmX-cq]amb icocw Rmt\m BIpn;
Rm Chsb-m kYm hneWhpw \nXyssNX-
\yhpw ktm]cn hniphpw GIc-khpw BIpp
Fp a\- nemptm Ah bmsXmcphn[- n- ep
timIw A\p`hnpn. Fs- t- pambn ZpxJ- timIm
ZnIfn\npw ap- \mbn- ocpp.
kw_w ASp cp a{-fn- embn XXz-Nn- I
hnpp.
7. C{n-tb`y: ]cw at\m a\k: kz-apaw
kzm-Z[n alm\mm altXmhy-ap- -aw.
C{nb-- fn a\v t{ijv TamIpp. a\- ns\m
_pn D- aamIpp. _pntb- m AXns kzmanbmb
Pohmmhv Db- XmIpp; FpsImsm Ahsb-
m- n- tbpw ta CXn- \- [n- Im- c- ap-v . Ah- sbmw
CXns Bm]meIcmWv ; CXv AhbpsS `cWm[n- Im
cnbmIpp. AXmbXv Ahtbm Pohmmhv AXyw
hne- WamIpp. Cu Pohmmhnepw CXns Ahy(
Imc- Ww) icocw {]_eamWv . bmsXmv CXns\ _nn
n- cnppthm AXp `Khms B {]Ir- Xn-bpsS Awiam
Ipp.
8. Ahymp ]cx ]pcptjm hym]tIm
enwK GhN
bw mXzmap-tNytX Ppc-ar-XXzw N KXn.
Cu {]IrXn-sb- m AXns-kzmanbmb ]c- a]pcpj
]c- ammhv t{ijvT\mIpp. Atlw \ncmImc- cq]n
k{X hym]nncnpp. (KoX 94) Cu Pohmmhv {]Ir
Xn- bpsS _-\- -fn\npw kYm ap-amhpIbpw
Aar-X-kz-cq]amb ]c-am\-s t\SpIbpw sNpp.
AXp- sImv a\p-jy Cu {]Ir- Xn- bpsS _\--
fn\npw apn- t\- Sp- Xn- \pthn CXns kzman- bmb
]c- {_ ]pcptjm- as\ icWw {]m]nWw ]c- ammhv
Cu Pohn-Ifn IcpWtXmn ambma-dsb henp amp
tm Atl- ns Zi\w Chbvp kn-amIpp.
As- n Cu aqVm, kZm X-tfmsSmp hkn-
n- cpnpw B ]c- ta- iz- c- s\-s Xncn- dnbpn.
9. \ kwZrti XnjvTXn cq]aky \
Npjm ]iy Xn I-ss\\w
lrZm a\ojm a\-km`n p]vtXm b
GXZvhn Zpc-ar-XmkvtX `hn.
Cu ]c-{_ ]c-ta-iz-cs Znhykz-cq]w {]Xyhn-
jb- cq]n \psS apn hcpn, ]c-ammhns
Znhycq]s bmsXmcp a\pjy\pw {]mIrX NNp
pIsImp Zin- phm km[ya- . bmsXmcp `mKy
hm\mb km[-I \nc-cw t{]a`cn- Xamb a\- tmSpIqSn
Atls Nnn- psImn-cn-ppthm Ahs lrZb-
n `Khms B Znhykzcq]w kw_np [ym\w {]Km
Vambn-ocptm B kabw km[- Is lrZbw `K
hms [ym\- P\nXamb kzcq]n \n- eambnocpp.
C- s\-bp \n- elr-Zb-tmSpIqSns B km[-
I hnip _pncq]amb t\{X hgn ]c- ammhns
B Znhykz-cq]ns Zi\w t\Spp. bmsXmcp
Cu ]c-ta-iz-cs\ Adn-bppthm Ah Aa-c-\mbn-o
cpp; ]c-am\-kz- cq]\mbnocpp.
kw_w tbmK[mc- Wamw a\- n- t\bpw C{nb--
tfbpw \nb- {nv ]c-ta-iz-cs\ {]m]n-p-Xn-\p ap
km[\ hnhcnpp
10. bZm ]mhXn-jvTt m\m\n
a\km kl
_pn \ hntNjvSXn Xmamlp:]camw KXnw.
tbmKm`ymkw sNbvXpsNbvXv Ftm a\- tmSpIqSn
]t-{n-b \Xpt]mse nc- amIptm _pn
GI\mb ]c-ammhn ]c- ammhn- s\-bmsX asmn-
tbpw teiwt]mepw m\-apmIm- coXnbn nc-
ambn-ocptm B Ahsb tbmKn-I ]c-a-KXn
tbmKns ktm-a-KXn Fp ]dbpp.
11. Xmw tbmKanXn a\yt ncm
an- {n- b-[m-cWmw
A{]a--kvXZm `hXn tbmtKm ln
{]`- hm- ]y- bu.
C{n-bw, a\-v, _pn ChbpsS \n- emh-bpsS
\maw tbmKw FmIpp. C{]Imcw A\p`hm\ap
tbmKnsb alm-\p`m-h\mbn IcpXp-p. FpsIms
m B kabw km[- I hnjbZi\ cq]- fmb Fm
{]amZ- fn \npw cln- X-\mbnocpp. Fm Cu
tbmKw DZbhpw Akv Xa- bhpw t]msebmIpp. AXpIm
cWw ]cammhns\ {]m]n- Wsav A`nejnp Cm
ep- fmb km[- I \nc-cw tbmKbp- cmbn- cnp- Xn-
\p ZrVm`ymkw sNbvXpsImn- cn- Ww.
12. ss\h hmNm \ a\km {]m]vXpw itIym
\ Npjm
AkvXoXn {_phtXm\y{X IYw XZp]e`ytX.
B ]c-{_ ]c-ammhns\ hmWn apX-emb It-
{n-b-sImpw Npv BZn-bmb mt\-{n-b
sImpw a\-v , _pn BZn- bmb Ax- Ic-W-
sImpw {]m]nphm km[npn. FpsIms
m AXv Chbv smw FmhpnSp\npw hfsc
Zqsc nXn- sNpp. Fm Atls {]m]n- p-
I K
N P
66
Xn\p Xo{hambn Cnph\v Atls {]m]nphm
km[npp. Cu kwKXn bmsXmcp ]dbpntbm
kzoIcnpntbm AXmbXv CXpkw- _nv bmsXmcp
\v ZrVamb hnizmkw DmIpntbm Ah\v At
ls Fs\ {]m]nphm Ignbpw? AXn\m ]q
a{n ]dn- p coXn-b-\pkcnv C{nbw a\v
apXembn Fmw tbmKm`ymkw apJmncw XSnv ""AXym
hiyhpw km[-I\p e`yhpw BIpp'' Fp ZrV\n-
- b- tmSpIqSn \nc- cw AXns {]m]vXnpthn ]c-
aamb D- WvTtbmSpIqSn {]b- Xv\ioecmbn- cn- Ww.
13. AkvXotXythm-]e_v[ hykvXz
`mth\ tNm`tbm:
AkvXotXythm-]e_v[ky XXz-`mh: {]koZXn.
""]c- ta- izc Bhiyhpw Atlw km[-I\p \nb-
ambpw e`yhpw BIpp'' F Imcyt--n- bp ZrV
hn- izmkw km[- I\v Ftmgpw Dmbn-cn--Ww. ]noSv
CtX \n- b-tmSpIqSns Atls kzoIcn- p
Ibpw XZ\- cw XmXznI hnthN\m]qw \nc- cw At
ls [ym\npIbpw sNbvXnv B ]cmi- nsb {]m]n
mw. ""Atlw BhiyamWpw Xs Xs lrZb-
n hncmPnpp Fpw AXns {]m]vXn Bhiyam
Ipp'' Fpw Ftm km[I hnizmktmSpIqSn `K
hms\ kzoIcn-ppthm Atm ]c-ammhns B
XmXznI Znhykz- cq]w Ahs hnip lrZb-n kzb-
ambn {]IS- amhpIbpw `Khms {]Xyw A\p`hamIp
Ibpw sNpp.
kw_w C\n \njv ma`mhns alnasb-n ]d
bpp
14. bZm kt {]apNyt Imam tbky
lrZn- {inXm:
AY atXymartXm `hXy{X {_
ka-iv \p-tX.
a\pjys lrZbw \nXyhpw \nc- chpw \m\m{]Imc-
-fn-epap sFln- Ihpw ]mc-euIn-Ihpw Bb A`n- em
jsImp \ndb- s- n- cnpp, Cu ImcWw sImv
Cu ]c- am\ kzcq]\mb ]c- ta- iz- cs\ F{]Imcw {]m]n
phm km[npw Fv Ah Hcn-epw Nnnpn-
. Imayhn- jb-fpsS Bkn-bm Ah ]c-amm
hns\ {]m]np- Xn\v A`nejnppan. Cu Fm A`n
emjfpw km[-Is lrZb- n \npw kaqew \in
pt]mIptm Ah Aa- c-\mbnocpIbpw Cu a\p
jyicocns B ]c{_ ]ctaizcs kmm
A\p`hw \Xpt]mse kwPmX- amIpIbpw sNpp.
kw_w kwib clnXamb ZrV\n-b- ns aln
asb ]dbpp
15. bZm kth {]`n-Zyt
lrZb-tkyl {Kb:
AY atXymartXm `htXyXmhy\p
imk-\w.
km[-Is lrZb-nep Al- bpw aa- Xmcq]n
ep kakvX Am\ {KnIfpw \Xpt]mse Ap
t]mIpIbpw Ahs Fmhn[-n-epap kwib-
kYm \in- pIbpw D]cyp-amb D]tZia\pkcnv
""]c-{_ ]c- ta- izc BhiyamWv ; Atls \n-b
ambpw e_npw'' Fp ZrV\n--bhpw Ah\pm
Iptm Ah Cu icoc-n Pohn-psImpXs
]c-ta- izcs\ kmmXvIcnv Aa- c- \mbn- ocpp. thZm
ns k\mXt\m]tZiw CXp am{XamIpp.
kw_w C\n ac-Wm\c- ap Pohmmhns KXn
hn- s-Spp.
16. iXw ssNIm N lrZbky \mUykvXmkmw
aq[m\ a`n\n: krssXIm
Xtbm[z-am-b--ar-X-Xz-taXn hnjz-\ym
DXv{I-atW `hn.
lrZb- n \qnsbmp {][m\ \mUnI Dv. Ah
AhnsS\npw Fm `mKtbvpw hym]npInSpp.
AXn kpjpav \- sb- p-]- d-bp Hcp \mUn lrZ-b-
n\npw akvX-In-tebvp t]mbn-cn-pp. `K
hms ]c-a-[ma-n-tebvp t]mtI AhImin B
\mUn- bnqSn ico- c- n\npw shfn- bnhv
Ghpw Db temI- n `K- hms ]c-a- [m- a-
nsNv Aar-Xkz- cq]\pw ]cam\- - a- b- \pamb ]c-ta-
izcs\ {]m]npp. ap PohnI ac- WImev ap \mUn
IfnqSn icoc- n \npw shfn-bnhv Ahc-h
cpsS Ipw hmk\Ipw A\pkc- W-ambn
\m\mtbm\n- Isf {]m]npp.
17. BwKp-jvT-am{X:]p-cptjmcmm
kZm P\m\mw lrZtb kn-hnjvSx
Xw kzmcocm- Xv{]hr- tl-pRvPmZn-th- joImw
ss[tcyW Xw hnZypp{I-a-arXw
hnZym-p{I-a- ar-X-an- Xn.
AJn- entbpw A- cymanbmb ]ca ]pcpj ]c- ta-
iz- c lrZb- n-\-\pcq]ambn AwKpjv Sam{X- cq]n
kZm Fm a\pjycptSbpw Dn \nhknpp, Fnepw
a\p-jy Atl-ns t\tc t\mpp-t]mepan-.
bmsXmcp {]amZc- lnX\mbn Atls {]m]np-
Xn\p km[-\- bn apgpIppthm Ah icoc- - \mb
B ]c- taizcs\ Cu icoc- tmsSmp Xs kzb- ambpw
AXpt]mseXs {]tXyIambpw hneWambpw km[m
cW BfpI ap- pn\npw AXns \mcns\ {]tXy
IambnmWp- Xpt]mse ImWpIbpw thWw. AXmbXv
I K
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67
F{]Imcw appnep \mcv appnt\- m hne
Whpw {]tXyI-X-bp- Xp-ambn-cn-ppthm AtX
{]Imcw Xs B icoc- hpw. Bmhns Dn A[nh
kn- p ]c- taizc B cn- t\- mfpw kYm Akm
[mc- WamIpp. AXpXs hnip AarXaIpp. ChnsS
Cu hmIys ]p\- cmhnpXv D]tZins kam
]vXn- tbbpw AXpt]mse knm-- ns \nn- X- Xz-
tbpw kqNnnpp.
18. arXypt{]mmw \Nn-tItXmY e_v[zm
hnZymtaXmw tbmKhn[nw N Ir\w
{_ {]m]vtXm hnctPm`qZzn-ar- Xyp
ct\ymt]y hw tbm hnZ[ym-ta-h.
C{]Imcw bacmP\m D]Znjv Samb kakv X hnthN
\--tfbpw {im]qmw tI-Xn-\ptijw \Nn-tIXv
Atl- m ]db- s kq- hnZybpw tbmKns
hn[n- Ifpw {]m]n-nv P\-\- a-c-W-fn\np ap\pw
Fm hnImc- fn\np clnX\pw AXpt]mse kYm
hnip-\pambn ]c-{_ ]c-ta-iz-cs\ {]m]n-p. amsc-
nepw Cu BymnI hnZysb Cu hn[-n \Nn-tI
Xn\p Xpeyw icnpicn a\- nempIbpw {im]qw
AXns\ [cnpIbpw sNppthm Ah\pw \NntIX- n
t\- tmse Fm hnImc--fn\npw cln- X\pw P\-\- ac-
W-fn\np ap-\pambnv ]c-{_ ]c-ammhns\
{]m]nphm km[npp.
imn- ]mTw
Hmw kl \mhh-Xp. kl \u `q\-p. kl
hocyw Ic-hmhssl. tXPkzn \mh[o-Xa-kvXp. am
hnZznjm hssl. imnx imx imnx
CXns Aw D]\n- jns Bcw- `n sImSp
n- pv.
Q
Cu D]\n-jv kma-thZnse ""XehImc {_m
W''ns Hcp `mKamIpp. XehImcs ssPan\otbm
]\njv FpIqSn ]dbmdpv . Cu D]\n-jv BZyw
""tI\'' F hmpsImv Bcw-`n- p-Xn\m CXn\v
tIt\m]\njv Fp t]mcphp. CXns\ XehImtcm
]\njv ({_m-tWm]\n-jv) Fp IqSn Nne hnfn-
pp.
tIt\m]\njn {_- XXzsn {]Xn]mZnpp.
Cu XXzw hniZamp- Xn\v Kpcpinjy kwhmZcq]n
XXz-sf hnhcn- pp.
imn- ]mTw
Hmw A]ymbp aamw-Km\n hmIv {]mWpx-
t{im{X- atYm _ean-{n-bmWn N khmWn; khw
{_u]\n-jZw amlw {_ \ncmIpcymw am am
{_ \ncmItcmXv, A\n-cmIc- Wa-kvXz-\ncmIcWw
takv Xp ; XZm\n \n ctX b D]- \n - jp
[mkvtX abn kp tX abn kp.
tIt\m]\njv
1
3
Hmw imnx imnx imnx
tl ]c-ammth, Fs Fm AwKfpw hmWn,
t\{Xw, t{im{Xw apX- emb Fm It- {n- b- fpw
mt\-{n-bfpw {]mWkaqlhpw imcocnIhpw am\-
knIhpamb inIfpw HmPpw Fm ]pjv Snbpw AXp
t]mse hrnbpw {]m]n- - s. D]\n- jp-fn hn-
s- ncnp kcq]{_s Rm Hcnepw kzoI
cn-mXn-cn-- bn-. AXpt]mse B {_hpw Fs Hcn-
epw ]cnXyPnmXn- cn-s. Fs kZmImehpw kz-
amn-o-s. FtmSpIqSn {_-n-tbpw {_-
tmSpIqSn Ftbpw \nXykw \ne\n-s. D]
\njp- fn GtXXp [- sfn {]Xn]mZ\w sN
s-ncn-ppthm Ahsbmw D]\njns GIam{X
eyamb ]c-{_-]c- ammhn \nc- cw hym]r- Xambn
Fttmep km[- Imcn kZmImehpw {]Iminp
sImn-cn-s; Fn \nXyhpw \nc-chpw Dmbn-
smncn- s. Fs {Xnhn[Xm]pw imn- bpm
Is.
I K
N P
68
{]Y- a- JWvUw
kw_w injy KpcptZht\mSp tNmZnpp:
1. Hmw tIt\-jnXw ]XXn t{]jnXw a\:
tI\ {]mW: {]Y-axss{]Xn bp:
tIt\-jnXmw hmNanamw hZn
Npx t{im{Xw I D tZthm bp\-n.
Cu a{-n \mep tNmZy ASnbn-cn- pp.
PUcq]amb AxIc-Ww, {]mW, hmWn XpS-nb
It-{n-b- pw Npv BZn-bmb mt\-{n-b
pw AXmXn- t-Xmb Imcy \S-p-Xn-\p
Ign-hpI {]Zm\w sNbvXn-cn-pXpw AXpIsf AXm
Xn- t- Xmb I- fn {]h\ \nc-X- amn-smn-
cnpXpw Bb GtXm kinamb tNX- \- bp
tm, AXv GXmWv ? F- s\-bp- XmWv?
kw_w CXn\p adp]Sn- bmbn Kpcp ]dbpp.
2. t{im{Xky t{im{Xw a\tkm at\m b
ZzmtNm l hmNw k D {]mWky {]mW:
Np-j- p-c-Xn-apNy [ocm:
t{]Xymkv amtmIm- Z-ar-Xm-`hn.
Cu a{n Kpcp injys tNmZyp kv]jv S
amb adp]Sn ]dbmsX hmpIsImp Imcyw {Kln- n
m {ian-- bmWv . bmsXmcp a\- ntbpw {]mW
tbpw kqt-{n- b--fpsSbpw kakvX PK-n-
tbpw ]c- aImc- W\mIppthm bmsXmcp- \n \npw
in {]m]nnv Chsbmw AXmXnt-Xmb {]h- \-
\Sphm {]m]vXcmbncnppthm bmsXmcp
Chsbmw Adn- bp- h\mbn- cnppthm Ah B ]c-
{_- ]pcptjm- a Xs CXns-sbmw t{]c- Iin
bmbncnpp. Ahs\ Adnnv m\nIfmbnp- h
Pohp- cmbn Cu temIn \npw {]bmWw sNbvX
tijw Aa-c- kzcq]ambnocpIbpw sNpp. AXmbXv
P\- \- ac- W- fn \npw \nXyambn tamN\w {]m]npp.
kw_w B a\-nepw {]mW\nepw C{n-b- -fnepw
t{]c-WsNepp {_w C-s\- bpXmIpp. C{]
Imcw Akv]jv Scq]w FpsImmWv? CtXn Kpcp ]d
bpp.
3. \ X{X NpKXn \ hm-Xn t\m a\x
\ hnZvtam \ hnPm-\otam bssY- X- Z\pin-jymXv
A\ytZh XZzn-Zn-XmZtYm Ahn-Zn-XmZ[n
CXn ip{ipa ]qtjmw
tb\- kvX-Zv hym-NNn-tc.
B knZm\ ]c- aL\ ]c- {_s {]mIrXfmb
AxIc-Wpw C{n- b- pw Adn-bphm Ign-
bpn. Ahbvv Ahn- Sw- hsc Fphm Ignhn. B
AeuInI Znhy XXz--fn-tebvv AhbpsS {]thi\w
Hcp Imepw kw`hya. ]nstbm Ahbn IpSnsIm
p tNX-\bpw {Inbminbpw AtX {_-ns
Xs t{]c- Wbpw inbpw BIpp. C{]Imc- ap Ah
- bn a\xC{nb- apJmncw B {_w "Cs\'
DXmsWv Bv Fs\ ]dbphm Ignbpw? C{]
Imcw {_-X-tXzm]tZins kzcq]w \mw Bcn
\npw ]Tnn- pan; \mw kzbw kz_pn- bpsS a\\w hgn
bmbn {Klnnpan. GsXmcp alm]pcpj\n\npw Cu
KqVX-Xz--fpsS D]tZiw \app e`n-n- cn-ppthm
Ah B ]c-{_-]c-taizc PUtNX\-Ip `n-
\msWp \mw {Klnncnpp. Adnb-s- Spn- Stmfw
kw]q-P-Uh-- fn\npw kYm `nhpw Cu
PUhs AdnbpIbpw Fm kzbw Adn-bs-Sm
Xn- cn-pIbpw sNp Pohmmhn- s\-m AXy[nIw
D-ahpw BIpp. C{]Imc-ap nXnv AXns
kzcq]XXzs hmpIhgn hy- amphm Hcnepw
km[ya. CXpsImp AXns\ {Klnp-Xn\p kqN\-
Isf B[mc- amt- Xmbn hcpp (KoX 1518).
kw_w C\n AtX {_- s, {]iv\fpsS ASnm
\-n hopw Ap a{aqew a\- nempp.
4. bZzmNm\- `ypZnXw tb\ hmK`ypZytX
XtZh {_ Xzw hnn t\Zw bZn-Zap]mktX.
bmsXmv hmpIfm hy-amphm km[n-p
pthm AXpt]mse {]mIrXhmWnbn ]d-snp XXz
- fm D]mkn- s- Sppthm AXv {_-ns hmkv X
hnI cq]w BIpn. {_-XXzw hmpIpw AXoX
amIpp. bmsXmcp inbpsS Awiw-sImv hmWnbn
kwkmc-in {]IS-amIppthm, bmsXmv hmWn-bp
tSbpw mXmhpw t{]cWbpw {]h- \hpw Bbncnp
pthm AXp {_-amIpp. B hnjb- n tIhew
C{Xbpw am{Xta ]dbphm km[npIbpq.
5. b-\km \ a\ptX tb\mlpt\m aXw
XtZh {_ Xzw hnn t\Zw bZn-Zap]mktX.
_pnbptSbpw a\- ntbpw hnjb- n Fsmw
Adnbphm Ignbppthm AXpt]mse {]mIrX at\m_p
nbn \npw Adnnp- Xmb GsXmcp XXzs D]m
knppthm AXp {_-ns hmkv XhnIkzcq]amIp
n. ]c- {_-]c- taizc a\- n\pw _pnpw kYm
AXoX\mIpp. bmsXmp a\- ntbpw _pnbptSbpw
mXmhmIppthm Ahbv p a\\w sNp--Xn\pw
\nbw sNp-Xn-\pap in \Ippthm AXp
t]mse a\- \hpw \n-bhpw sNp-Xn \nbp- ambn-
cn- p- pthm bmsXm- ns in- bpsS Aev ]mw- i-
n\npw _pnbn \nbw sNp- Xn\pw a\- n
a\\w sNp- Xn-\pap Ign-hpmIppthm AXt{X
{_w. B hnjb- n C{Xam{Xta ]dbphm\pq.
I K
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69
6. bpjm \ ]iyXn tb\ Npwjn ]iyXn
XtZh {_ Xzw hnn t\Zw bZn-Zap]mktX.
IpIfpsS hnjbw IpI apJmncw ImWp
Ibpw AdnbpIbpw sNpXpw D]mk\ \Sp- Xpamb
{]mIrX ]Zmk-bw. AXp {_- ns hmkvXhn-
Icq]w BIpn. ]c-{_ ]c-ta- izc NpcmZn C{n
bpw AXoX\mIpp. bmsXmns inbpw t{]c
WbpwsImp Npv BZnbmb mt\- {nb- X-
fpsS hnj-b--fn kmayw {]I- Sn-n- ppthm
bmsXmv Ahsb Adn- bpIbpw Ahsb AXmXpIfpsS
hnjb- AdnbpXn t{]cW sNeppIbpw sNp
pthm AXpt]mse bmsXmns in- bpsS Awiam
Ippthm B {]`mhw {_- amIpp. Cu hnjb- n
C{Xam{Xta ]dpXcphm kmyamIbpq.
7. btdmt{XW \ irtWmXn tb\
t{im{X- anZw {ipXw
XtZh {_ Xzw hnn t\Zw bZnZ ap]mktX
bmsXmv {ihW]pS- - fp eo`hnppthm
bmsXmcp {]mIrXhkv Xpkaql-m D]mk\ sNs-
Sppthm AXv hmkv Xhn {_- kzcq]amIpn. ]c-
{_-]c- ta- izc t{imt{X{nb- - fpsS mXmhpw t{]c-
I\pw AXn {ihWin kzoIcn-p-Xn-\p Ign-
hns \nt]I\pambncnppthm AXp kmm ]c-
{_- amIpp. Cu hnjbs kw_nv CXn IqSp
Xembn Hpw ]dbphm\n.
8. bXv {]mtW\ \ {]mWnXn tb\ {]mW:
{]WobtX
XtZh {_ Xzw hnn t\Zw bZn-Zap]mktX.
{]mW aqew tNjvSmbp-amb hkvXp-tfbpw
{]mIrX- {]mW\m A\p{]mWnX- amb XXz- tfbpw D]m
k\ sNpXp hmkvXhn {_-ns kzcq]a.
]c- {_ ]c- ta- iz- c Ah- bv smw AXo- X- \- t{X.
bmsXmp {]mWs mXmhpw t{]c-I\pw AXn\p
in \Ip- h\pw BIppthm bmsXmns in
bpsS Aev]mwiw e`nnv , bmsXmns t{]c- WsImv
Cu {][m\ {]mW AJn- e-tbpw tNjv Smbp--
amnoppthm AXp ki-\mb ]c- ta-izc
{_- amIpp. AXns\ kw_nv C{Xbpw am{Xta ]d
bphm Ign-Ibpq.
kmcmwiw Fsm {]mIrXfmb a\- n\pw C{n
b- pw e`yamIp hnjb-- sfmw {]mIrX- fmIp
p. AXmbXv Ahsb ]c-{_ ]cta- izc ]cmXv]c- ]pcp
tjm--as hmkv X-hn-Ikz-cq]-fmbn AwKoIcn-p
hm km[ytab- . AXn\m Ahsb D]mknpXp ]c-
{_ ]c-taizcs D]mk\bpw BIpn. a\- v, _pn
apX- emb- hbv- XoX- amb ]c- {_ ]c- ta- izc kzcq]s
kmtXn- I`mjbn {Kln- p- Xn\pthn ChnsS Kpcp,
AJn-en-tbpw mXmhv, in-{]ZmbI, kzman,
t{]c- I, {]h- I, k- i- n- am, \nXy
Fsmw A{]mIrX]c- aXXzamb {_-s- n ]dp
Xn-cnpp.
ZznXob JWv Uw
1. bZn a\ytk kpthtZXn Z{`ta-hm]n
\q\w Xzw th {_tWm cq]w
bZky Xzw bZky tZth-jzY \p
aoamwkytah tX at\y hnZoXw.
Cu a{n Kpcp Xs injys\ {i-tbmSpIqSn
hon- psImp ]dbpp. \mw apJmncw a\- nemn
{_XXzs {ihnnv. B {_s ]qambpw
{KlnpIgnp Fp \o Xocpam\npIbmsWn \o
{_- kzcq]s Ghpw Aev]ambn am{Xta {Klnnpq
FXp Xobmb kwKXnbmIpp. FpsImsm
B ]c- {_- ns Awi`qX- ambn-cn- p Pohmmhv,
AXns\- -sbpw AYhm Fm tZhX-Ifnepw AXm
bXv a\- v, _pn, {]mW apXemb- hbn Aeo\-am
bn-cn-p {_-ns Awiw-sImv AXmXpIp
{]hnp- Xn-\p IgnhpI Dmbnsmn-cn- p
p. AXns\ \o {_w Fp IcpXpIbmsWn \ns
Adnhp bYmamIpn-. {_lvaw C{X-bn HXpn-
\npn. Cu Pohmmhnepw kakvX hniz{_m-
nepw hym]n-pIn-S-p in-sbmw GtIm]np
t\mpIbm-sWn AXv B {_- ns tIhew
Hcwiw am{Xta BIppq. AXn-\m \o a\-n- emn-
bn-cnp Cu {_- XXzw \ns kw_n-n-S- tmfw
]p\hn-NmcW sNt- Xp BhiyamWv Fp Rm
IcpXpp.
kw_- w KpcptZhs D]tZis ASn-m\amn
Nnnnv injy Atl- ns apn Xs A`n{]mbw
{]ISampp.
2. \mlw at\y kpthtZXn
t\m \ thtZXn thZ N
tbm \ kvXtZzZ XtZzZ
t\m \ thtZXn thZ N.
Cu a{n injy Xs KpcptZhs D]tZi
n\npw kzw A\p`hw C{]Imcw {]ISampp.
""B {_s Rm \mbn Adnbpp Fv AhImi
s- Spn; Fm AXns\ Rm\- dnbpnspw AwKo
I- cn- p- n- . Fp- sIm- s- m Rm\- dn- bp- Ibpw
sNpp Fncpmepw Fs Cu Adnhv Hcp mXmhv
GsXnepw tb- hkvXphns\ Adnbp- Xpt]mep-X
. CXv AXnt\- m kYm A]qhpw AeuInIhpw
I K
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70
BIpp. AXpsImmWp Rm BZyw ""Rm\- Xns\ Adn
bpp Fpw Adnbpn Fpw Fnepw Rm\- dnbpp''
Fpw ]d- Xv. Fs Cu hmpIfpsS clkyw injy
mcmb R-fn B {_s Adn-n-p-h\p
icnp a\- n- emphm km[npp.
kw_w C\n {ipXn apIfn ]d Kpcpin-jykw-
hmZns Bibw kzbw hymJym\npp.
3. bkym aXw Xky aXw aXw bky
\ thZ k:
Ahn-mXw hnPm-\Xmw hnmX
a-hn- Pm-\-Xmw.
bmsXmcp alm]pcpj ]c- {_]c- taizcs kmm
Xvmcw {]m]n- n-cn- ppthm Ah\n "Rm ]c- ta-iz-
cs\ Adnncn- pp Fp Al-mcw Aev ]am{Xw
t]mepw DmIpn- . Ah ]c- ammhns A\-hpw
Akoahpw Bb aln-am-hn \na-\mbn "]c-am
mhp kzb-tah Xs Adn-bs-Spp' Fp a\- n-em
pp. AmsX ampw Xs B alm- hns
Ac ISphm km[ya. Akoa- bpsS koasb koam
_-amb-Xn\v Fs\ {]m]n-m Ignbpw? AXmbXv
Rm {_s Adnncnpp. Rm m\nbmIp
p, ]c-ta-iz-c F\ndnbsp Ignp Fv Bsc-
nepw IcpXppsn Ah kYm {`a- n AI
s-pIgnncn- pp. FpsImsm {_w C{]
Imc- ap m\-hnjb- a. F{Xtbm m\ km[-\- I
Dv . Ahbn Hn\pt]mepw {_-ns kao]v
Fp- Xn\v km[n-p-n- . AXpsImv C{]Imcw
Adnhp kmZnhsc kw_nnStmfw ]c- ammhp
kZm AmXamIpp. Adnb- Wsap A`nam\w \ne
\np- Xphsc ]c- ta- izcs kmmXvImcw e`yamIp
n. Adnb- Wsap A`n- am\w Aev]am{Xw t]mepan-
m `mKyhmmcmb alm]pcpjmp ]c-ta- iz- cs
kmmXvmcw e`yamIpp.
4. {]Xn-t_m[-hn-ZnXw aX-a-ar-XXzw ln hntX
B\m hntX hocyw hnZybm hn-tXarXw.
D]cyp-amb h-\-n ]c-ammhns GXp
kzcq- ]s ey- am- n- bmbn- cn- p- pthm AXns\
Ghpw \mbn a\- nemp- XmIpp hmkv XhnIamb
m\w. Xzmcm ]c- am- {]m]v Xnbpw e`yamIpp. ]c- am
m\ {]Zmbn\nbmb m\cq]in Acymanbmb
]c-ammhn-\m a\p-jyp e`n-pp. a{- fnepw
hnZyIfnepw \nv Aar-X-cq]amIp ]c-{_ns
{]m]v Xn e`n- p- p. Xqew a\p- jy- cn ]c- {_
]pcptjm- as bYm kzcq]s Adnbp- Xn\p
A`n-cpNnbpw Dmlhpw hn-psImncnpw Fp
]db-s-ncnpp.
kw_w C\n B {_-X- Xzs CtX P- n Adn
ncntXv AXyw BhiyamIpp Fp ]dp
sImv Cu {]Ic-Ws D]kw- l- cnpp.
5. Cl tNZthZo ZY-kXyakvXn
\ tNZn-lmth-Zo-lXo hn\jvSn:
`qtXjp `qtXjp hnNnXr [ocm:
t{]Xymkvam-tmImZarXm `hn.
am\hPohnXw AXyw Zp`amIpp. AXp e`np
a\pjy ]c- ammhns\ {]m]npXn\p km[- \Ifn
X-c-\mbn-ocpn-s-n Ah Ghpw hepXmb
sXp {]hnpp. AXpsImmWp {ipXnbn ]dbp
- Xv, "Cu Zp`amb a\pjyicocw \ne\np- Xphsc
`KhXvIr]m ISmm {]m]vX-ambn- cn-p km[\
kma{KnI D]e_v[- ambncnptm F{Xbpw thKw ]c-
ammhns\ AdnbpXp Fm {]Imc- nepw t{ijvTam
bncn- pw. am\-hP-- ns ]c-a-kmIXbpw AXpX-
s- bmIpp. Hcp ]t Cu kphmhkcw ssIhn- p
t]mIbmsWn ]noSp kw`hnpXp alm\mi- ambn
cnpw XpSbmbpw arXypab-kw- kmc- ns {]hml
fn HgpIn \St- Xmbpw hcpp. Atm Icp
]mm]w {]I- Sn- n- p- I- b- msX ap bmsXmcp
t]mwhgnIfpw Ahtijnpn. {]]ns {Xnhn[
Xm]-fnepw {Xnhn[ thZ\Ifnepw \np c-Sp-Xn-
\p Hcp Hcp t]mwhgn PohnI am\- hP- -n ZX-
tbmSpIqSn km[\ ]cmb- Wcmbn X- fpsS Pohs\ \nXy
Xbntep thn k^eamnopI F- XmWv. a\p
jyPw IqSmsX ap A\-h[n tbm\nIsfmw-Xs
I^- e A\p`hnp- Xn-\mbn am{Xw {]m]v X- amIp
p. Ahbn PohnIp ]c- ammhns\ {]m]np- Xn
\p bmsXmcp km[-\-Ifpw A\pjvTn-phm km[ya-
. _pn-ammcmbh Cu kwKXn a\-n-empIbpw
Ah AXnqSn ]cammhns kmmXvImcw {]m]nv
Fs- t- pambn P\\ acW N{In\npw tamN\w
t\Sn Aa- c-mcmbn- ocpIbpw sNpp.
XrXob- JWvUw
kw_w {]Ya JWvUn {_-ns kzcq]
XXzw a\-n-emp-Xn-\pthn AXns in-bpsS
kmtXnI `mjbn hn`n {]Imcn ZnKvZi\w sN
s-n-cn-pp. cmas JWvUn {_-m\-
ns t{ijv TX- sb-n ]dbp-Xn- \pthn {]Y-a- {]Ic-
Wns h-\-ItfmSv H-t\m- n {_-ns
kzcq]w Fns\ tXm-s-Sppthm hmkvX-hn
AXns ]q- cq]w A{X-bvsmpw Bbncn-pn;
AXmIs AXns aln-abpsS Awiw am{Xta BIpp
q. Pohmmhv, a\-v, {]mW, C{n-b- apX-emb
hbpw AhbpsS tZhX-Ifpw Fmw-Xs {_-n
I K
N P
71
\npw A\p{]mWn- Xhpw t{]cn- Xhpw in-apw Bbn
Imcyam{X {]k- - fmbn hnpp.
aqmas JWvUn hniz-n GtXXp Pohn-
Itfm ]Zmtfm in-apw kp-chpw {]nb-s- -
Xpambn tXmppthm, AhbpsS Pohn- Xn ImWs-
Sp k^-eX-Isfmw Xs aln-X-s-bmIppshp
Zrjv Sm aqew {Kln- npp.
1. {_l tZtht`ym hnPntKy Xky l {_
tWm hnPtb tZhm Aa-lob X
sFmkv am
Ita-hmbw hnPtbm kvamIta-hmbw
aln-ta- Xn.
]c- {_ ]pcptjm- a tZhmcn Ir]bp- h\m
bnv Ahp in {]Zm\w sNbvXp. AXp ImcWw Ah
Akpc- mcpsS ta hnPbw hcn-p. Cu hnPbw hmkv X-
hn `Khmt- XpXs-bmbncpp. tZhX- I tIhew
\nanw am{Xta Bbn-cppq. Fm B hkvXpX
tZhm AwKoIcnn- . Ah `Khms Ir]sb AwKo
Icn-msX B aln-asb X-fpsS Ignhpw aln-abpw
Fp IcpXnbpw AXyw Al-mc-tmSpIqSn X
henb _eimenIfmsWpw X- fptSXmb _e]ucpjw
sImmWv Akp-c- msc ]cm-P-b- s- Sp-n-b- sXpw
`mhn- p.
2. Xssjw hnPv u tXt`ym l
{]mZp_- `qh
X hyPm\X InanZw b-an-Xn.
tZhXIfpsS Al- mcs IcpWm\n[nbmb `Khm
a\- nemn. Cu Almcw hfcpIbmsWn AhcpsS
]X\w Xobmbpw kw`hnpw F `-IeymWImcn
bmb `Khm hnNmcn- p. `- h- e\mb `Khm\p `-
mcpsS ]X\w Fs\ klnphm Ignbpw? AXn\m
`Khm tZhmcn IcpWbp- h\mbn AhcpsS Zw
iannp-Xn\pthn AhcpsS apn ZnhykmImc-b
cq]n {]Xy- \mbn. tZhm B- cyNIn-X- cmbn.
B ApX hnimecq]s ImWpIbpw Cu Znhybw
Fv Fp Nnn-pIbpw sNbvXp. Fm Ahv
AXns\ Xncndnbphm Ign-n- .
3. tXna{_ph-RvPmX- thZ GXZv hnPm-\oln
InanZw b-anXn XtY- Xn.
tZh-m B AXn- hn-Nn{X almIm- b- amb Znhy-b-
s Inv B-cn-Iambn `bs-SpIbpw AXns\
Adn-bp-Xn\p hy{Kcmbn-ocpIbpw sNbvXp. An-tZ
hX ]c- atXPkznbpw thZm- fpsS mXmhpw Fm
PmX]ZmfptSbpw hnhc Adnbp- h\pw k
-cn k\pw BWv. AXn\m Atl- ns
]ZhntbmSpIqSnb \maw "PmXthZ' FmIpp. tZhI
Cu Imcykmyn\v An Ign-hp-h\msWp Iv
Atl- tmSp ]dp: "Atbm PmXthZm, Ap t]mbn
B bw BcmsWp hnhcw AdnpsImphm
epw.'' Anp Xs _pnin- bn A]mc- amb Kp
mbncpp. AXpImcWw Atlw ]dp, "\Imcyw,
Rm\pS Xs hnhcw Adnphcmw.'
4. XZ`y{ZhXv Xa-`yhZXv tImkoXy- nhm
Al-a-kv ao-Xy-{_homX-thZm hm
Al- kvaoXn.
CXn FmWp {]bm-kap-sXv An-tZh
Nnn-p. AXn-\m Atlw AXn-thKw bns
kao]p sNptNp. Atls Xs kao]w
Inp bw tNmZnp. ""AmcmIpp?'' Atm An
hnNmcnp; Fs tXtPma-b-cq]s Fmhcpw Adn- bp
-XmWsm? Ch\-s\ Fs Adn- bphm Ignn- n
. Atlw sNmSnpsImpcw ]dp. ""Rm {]kn
-\mb AnbmIpp. Fs ]ZhntbmSpIqSnbXpw cl-
ky]q- hpamb \maw PmXthZ FmIpp.
kw_w Atm bcq]amb {_w AntbmSp
tNmZnp
5. Xkvan-kvXzbn Inw hocyan-Xn. A]oZw kw
Ztl-bw, bZnZw ]rYn-hyman-Xn.
AnbpsS Ktmn tInp {_w Hpw Adnp
IqSm- X- hs\- tmse ]dp "\Xv. Av An- tZh
Xbpw PmXthZ\pw BWtm. hfsc \ Imcyw. Fm
F\np NnesXmw Adn- b- Wsapv. Zb- hpsNbvXp ]d
pX-m sImmw.'. ""\n-fn Fp in-bmWp
Xv? \nsp sNm Ignbpw?'' CXn\v An-tZ
h KtmSpIqSn adp]Sn ]dp F\n-s-psNp
hm Ign-bpsatm? CXdnbphm \n-fm{Kln- pp,
As? tl' Rm a\p hbvpIbmsWn Cu `qa
WvUetbpw AXn-ep Fm hkvXp- tfbpw Icnp
Nmqmc-ambn amphm Ignbpw.
6. Xkvssa XrWw \nZ[mth-Xtl-Xn.
XZp- ]-t{]bmb- k
Pth\, X iimI ZKv[pw kXX Gh \nhr
tX, ss\XZiIw hnmXpw btZXZv
b- an-Xn.
An-tZhX-bpsS hopap Ktmn-I tI-
tm bcq][mcn-bmb ]c-{_ ]c-taizc Atl-
ns apn- tebvv Hcp DW--pv CpsImSp-p
sImp ]dp ""Atbvv Fmn-t\bpw Zln- n-
p- hm Ign - bp- a- sm. \nm- c- amb Hcp _e- {]-
tbmKwsImv Cu XrWs Pzennmepw.'' AntZh
CXp X\nsmc]am\ambn- cpXnsbnepw km[mcW coXn
bn B ]pns kao]w Fn AXns\ `kv a-amp-
I K
N P
72
Xn\m{Klnp. Bcw`n AXp `kvaamImXncp- XpIv
Atlw Xs kIe inbpw hn\n-tbmKn-p. ]s
AXn\v Aev ]wt]mepw NqSv Gev]nphm\- tl- n\p Ign
n-. AsX-s\ NqSp]n-Snpw? An-bn-ep An-
Xzhpw Zml-IXzhpw AXns inbpsS aqe`WvUmKmc-
amb ]c-ammhn\npw e`yambnp-XmWsm. Ahn-
Spv B in-t{kmX-ns\ XS-bpIbmsWn ]ns
FhnsS \np inhcpw? AntZh CsXmpw {Kln-
msX honfpIbmbncpp sNbvXXv. Fm {_w
Xs insb XS-pIgn--tm Anv Hcp DW
- pns\- tmepw Icnphm km[nn. Atm e
bm Ip\n inc- pambn lX{]\pw lX{]`\pambn
An tZhIfpsS ASp sNnp ]dp. ""B bw
BcmsWv F\n- dnbphm Ignn.''
7. AY hmbp-a-{_p-h hmb-th-XZv
hnPm-\oln Inta
XZv b-anXn XtY- Xn.
AntZh ]cmP-b- sp aS-n-h-tm tZhI
Cu Imcykmyn-\mbn A{]Xn-a-in-bmb hmbp`K
hms\ Xnc- s- Spnv Atl- tmSp ]dp. ""Atbm
hmbptZh! Apt]mbn Cu bw BcmsWp Fm
hnhc-fpw Adnp hmepw. ""hmbp `Khm\pw Xs
_pnssh`hn AanXamb Al- mc- apmbncpp.
AXn-\m Atlw ]dp ""\ Imcyw. DS Xs
Rm hnhc-a- dnbmw.''
8. XZ`y{ZhXv Xa-`yhZXv tImkoXn. hmbphm
Al- a-kv ao-Xy-{_ho-mX- cnizm hm
Al-a-kvaoXn.
hmbptZh Nnn- p, ""An, AdnbmsX FhnsSsb
nepw t]mbncn- pw. As- n Cu bs a\-n-em
pXv A{X-henb kwKXn- bmbn-cptm? icn, Cu hnP-
b- ns am\yX F\np Xs e`npw.'' Cs\ Nnn-
psImp bns kao]santp. Atls
kao]p Itm bw tNmZnp ""Xm BcmWv?''
hmbp Xs KpWKuc- h-fpsS KtmSpIqSn adp]Sn
]dp: ""Rm {]kn- - \mb hmbp BIpp, Fs ]Z
hntbmSpIqSn- bXpw cl-ky]q-hpamb t]cv amX- cnizm
FmWv .
kw_w b-cq- ]n-bmb {_w hmbp- hn- t\mSp
tNmZnp
9. Xkvanw-kvXzbn Inw hocyanXn? A]oZw k
amZZo-bw, bZnZw ]rYn-hyman-Xn.
hmbphns ta{]Imc- ap Ktmn tInv {_w
Ctl- tmSpw AXpt]mseXs Hpw AdnpIqSm
`mhn ]dp. sImmw, Av hmbptZh\mWsm?
A- co- n B[mc- anmsX k- cnp- h Ap
Xs- bt? hfsc \ Imcyw. Fm A- bn Fp
in-bpv? Atbvv Fp sNphm Ignbpw?
Fp ]dp tIn-m sImmw. CXn\v hmbphpw
An-tb-tmse hopw Al-mc-tmSpIqSn adp]Sn
]dp ""Rm hnNmcn-m Cu `qa-WvUesbpw
AXn-ep kIetbpw bmsXmcm[mchpw IqSmsX
DbpIbpw ]dpIbpw sNmw.''
10. Xkvssa XrWw \nZ[mth-XZmZtz-Xn. XZp
]t{]bmb k-P-th\ X iimImZmXpw, k
XX Gh \nh-hr-tX, ss\XZiIw hnPv RmXpw
btZXZv b an-Xn.
hmbptZhs hopap KtmnI tIv Fm
n\pw kmb in \Insmncnp ]c- {_
]c- taizc Atl- ns ap]nepw Hcp DW- pv Cp
sImSppsImp ]dp. ""Atbv v Fmnt\bpw
]dn- f- bphm Ign- bpatm. Aev ]w _ew {]tbmKnv
Cu DW- pns\ Aev ]w ]dXnmWnm \mbn
cpp.''hmbptZh\v Cu hmpI Xs A]am\npI
bmsWp tXmn. Fnepw km[mc-WcoXn-bn B
]pns kao]w sNv AXns\ ]dp-Xn\v B{Kln-
p. ]pp ]dmXncp- tm Xs ]qamb in hn\n
tbmKnp ]cn{ianpt\mn. Fm kinam\mb
]c-ammhn- \m in XS-b-s--XpImcWw hmbphn\v
Aev ]w- t]mepw AXp Nen- n- p- - Xn\p Ign- n- .
hmbphpw An-sb- tmse Xs lX-{]`\mbn, e
sImv apJw Xmgvn, ap tZhX- IfpsS kao]sanbnp
]dp. ""Cu bamcmsWp a\- nemphm F\np
Ign-n-.''
11. AtY- {- a- {_p- h aL- h- t- XZv hnPm- \oln
Inta-XZv b-an-Xn. XtYXn XZ`y{ZhXv. XkvamXv
XntcmZt[.
An, hmbp apX-emb A{]Xn-a-in-Ifpw _pn-k
-mcpamb tZhm Ak^-ecmbn aS-n-hcn-Ibpw
bmsXmcp Imc-Whpw ]d- bmXn-cn- pIbpw sNbvX-tm
tZhXI Nnnnv tZhcmP\mb C{s\ Cu Imcyns
\n-l-W-n- \mbn sXcsSpp. Ah Atl-
tmSp ]dp ""Atbm alm_ehm\mb tZhcmPm!
C\n Av t]mbn Cu bw BcmsWp kIe hnh
c-fpw Adnp hmepw. At- bv - msX ampw
Cu Imcyn hnPbw- hcnphm km[ya.'' C{
""hfsc \Xv'' Fp ]dv AXnthKw bns kao
]t- bvpt]mbn. C{ AhnsS Fnb- tmtgbv pw
bw Atlns apn \np adpIgnncpp.
C{-t\mSp ap tZhXItfmSp-Xnepw _lpam\-apmbn
cp- XpsImv Atl- tmSp kwkmcnphm\p Ah
kcw t]mepw bw sImSpn-. Fm C{ Cu
Hcp tZmjw Hgnm asm hn[- nepw {_- m\n\v
A[nImcn- bmbncpp. AXn\m Atl- n\p {_-X- Xz-
I K
N P
73
mt\m]tZiw \evtIXv Hcp BhiyamWv Fp Icp
Xn, AXn-\p hyh-I sNp-Xn-\mbn Atlw
kzbw A[m\w sNbvXp.
12. k Xkv an- t- hmImti kv { Xnbam PKm- a-
_plptim`am \mapamw ssla- hXow Xmw
tlmhmN Inta-XZv b-an-Xn.
bw Am\w sNbvXp Ignnpw C{ Ahn
sS-s \npIbmbn-cpp. An-tbtbm hmbphn-
t\tbm t]mse Ahn- sS- \npw aS- n- tm- Ip- n- .
XWw bw \nn-cp AtX m\v AXyw
tim`ma- bnbmb lnamNe Ipamcn DamtZhn {]Xy- s- p.
\np-Xmbn C{ Ip. DamtZhnsb Itm
C{ tZhnbpsS kao]tbvp sNp. C{- t\mSp Icp
WtXmn, IcpWmab\mb ]c{_ ]pcptjma Xs
Damcq]nep kmm {_-hn- Zysb {]Xys-Sp
nb- Xmbncpp. C{ `n]pc- cw AhtcmSp ]dp
""`KhXn! Av k intcma-Wn-bmb Cuiz-c
{ioics kzcq]inbmIpp. AXn\m Fm kwK
Xn-Itfbpw Xobmbpw Adn-bphm Ign-bpw. Ap
Ir]m]qw FtmSv Acpfnsbv Xmepw. ""F\nv Zi\w
\Inbnv Av DS ad-p- t]mb B Znhybw Bcm
sWpw FptitmSpIqSn {]Xys-pshpw ]d
b- tW.''
NXp- JWvUw
1. km {_tXn tlmhmN. {_tWm hm GX
ZznPtb alo-b-[z-an-Xn, XtXm sslh hnZzm--
Imc {_t-Xn.
tZhcmPs tNmZyn\pcambnv DamtZhn C{]Imcw
adp]Sn ]dp. ""\n IXpw Ctm Am\w
sNbvX- Xpamb B Znhybw kmm ]c-{_ ]c-ta-
iz-c Xs Bbn-cpp. \n Akpc-mcpsS ta
hcn hnPbw B {_-ns in-sImp kw`hn-
Xmbn-cpp. AXmbXv hmkvX-hn AXv ]c-{_
ns hnPbw Xs-bmbn- cpp. \n AXn-s\mcp
ImcWw am{Xta Bbncppq. \n- fmIs {_-ns
Cu hnP- bs kzw hnPb- ambn IcpXpIbpw AXns
aln-asb X-fpsS aln-a-sbp IcpXpIbpw sNbvXp.
CXp \nfp Zpclmc-ambn- cpp. ]ca ImcpWn- I\mb
]c- ammhv \n- fpsS- ta IcpW tXmn Akpc- mcpsS
ta \np hnPbw \In. B ]c-ammhpXs
\n-fpsS \- bv pthn \n- fpsS Zpc-l-mcs ian
n-p-Xn\p bs cq]w [cnp {]Xys-SpIbpw
An-bpsSbpw hmbphn-tbpw Kw ian-n- pIbpw
AXpt]mse \np hmkvXhnIm\w \Ip- Xn\v
Fs t{]cn-n-pIbpw sNbvXn-cn-pp. AXn-\m
\n kzw hmkvX-hnI in-sb-p Al-mcw
ssIshSnv GsXmcp {_- ns alnabn\np aln
am\zn-Xcpw in-ammcpambn `hn-pthm B ]cmin-
bpsS alnasb AdnpsImphn. {_ns in
bmemsX, X-fptS-Xmb kzX{ in-bm Fs
nepw sNphm Ignbpw Fp kz]v\-nt]mepw
Nnn- p- t]m- I-cpXv! Dam- tZ- hn- bpsS adp- ]-Sn- bn\np
kmm ]c- {_-]c- taizcX- s- bmbncpp X- fpsS
apn bcq]n {]Xys-- sXp tZhmcn
{]Y- a-\mb C{\p a\- nembn.
2. Xkv amZzm GtX tZhm AXn- X- cm- an- hm- \ym-
tZhm bZKv \nhm- bp- cn- {kv tX tly\- t-
ZnjvTw ]kv]ipkvtX tly\Xv {]Ytam hnZm
-Imc {_t-Xn.
tZhXIfn An, hmbp, C{ Chsc ]c- at{ijvT
mcmbn IWm- Ww. FpsImsm Ah aqp
t]cpw {_s kv]inp Ign- ncn- pp. ]c-{_
]c-ammhn Zi\-ntbpw Atls ]cn- Nb-s
Sp-Xn\p ]cn{ian apgpInbncp- Xntdbpw At
l- tmSp hmmem]w sNbv XXntbpw ]ca ku`mKyw
Ahp am{Xw e`yambn. X bmsXm1-ns\ Zin-
pthm bmsXmnt\mSp hmmem]w \Sntbm bmsXm
ns inbm XkpcpmcpsSta hnPbw ssIhcn-
pthm AXpXs kmm ]c- {_- ]c-ammhv F
kXyw Ah BZyw {Kln-p.
kmcmwisasm ku`mKyimenIfmb alm]pcp
jm GsX-nepw Imc-Whim `Khms Znhyk
w e`yampp. Atl- ns Zi\w, kv ]i\w,
Atl-tmSp hmmem]w sNp- Xn\p Ahkcw
Chsbmw Ahp Inpp. Cu a{n Atl-
ns alna C{mZn- tZhmcpsS DZmlc-Ww-sImp
hy-amnbn- cnpp.
kw_w Cu aqptZhX-Ifn An-tbbpw hmbp
hn- t\bpw At]np tZhcmP-\mb C{ t{ijvT-\m
sWp ]dbpp
3. XkvamZv hm Ct{mXnXcman-hm-\ym tZhm
k tly\- t- Znjv Tw ]kv ]i, k tly\Xv
{]Ytam hnZm-Imc {_t-Xn.
Anpw hmbphn\pw bcq]n {]Xys
{_- ns Zi\hpw hmmem] ku`mKyhpw Inn-
bn- cpp. Fm Ahv AXns kzcq]m\w e`n
n-. `KhXn DamtZhn-bn\nv Ghpw BZyw C{\v
kin- am\mb ]c-{_]pcptjm-as XXzs--
n- bp m\-apmbn. XZ\- cw C{ ]d- XpsIm
mWv Ahpw B m\w Dmb-Xv. AXn\p tijw
Chcn\npw ap tZhI B bw kmm ]c-
{_-]c- ta-iz- c Xs- bmbncpp. F kXyw a\- n- em
n. Ans\ Hmtcmcp- cn\npw tIptImWv Hmtcm
cpcpw bmYmyw a\-n- emn- b-Xv. Ahp ]c- ta-
I K
N P
74
izc-t\mSv kwkmcn- p-Xnt\m Atl- ns XXzs
{Kln- p- Xnt\m Ign- n. AXpImcWw AJnetZhX
Ifnepw Anbpw hmbphpw C{\pw kt{ijvT-m
cmbn KWn- s- Spp. ImcWw Cu aqpt]pw {_-
Zi\hpw XXz- m\- ]v Xnbpw e`yambn. Fm Ghpw
BZyw C{ Atl-ns XXzs {Kln-Xn-\m
C{ kt{ijv T\mbn am\n- s- Spp.
kw_w C\n apIfn ]d {_-X-Xzs B[n-
ssZhn- IZr- jv Smw-aqew a\- nempp.
4. Xsskyj BtZtim btZXZv hnZyptXm hyZyp-
XZm CXoyaoan-jZm CXy[n-ssZhXw.
km[-Is lrZb-n {_w kmmXvIcn-s- Sp
-Xn\p Xo{hm`n- emjw Inz- en- ptm `Khm
Ahs DXv- Wv Tsb HpIqSn Xo{hhpw D- Shpamp
- Xn- \pthn hnZypXv {]Imiw t]msebpw Ip Nnp-
Xpt]msebpw Xs kzcq-]ns Wn-Iamb Hcp
Zi\w \In- bnv Hfn-pIf- bp-p. ]qtm- amb
BJym\n C{]Imcw Xs C{s apn \npw
Znhyb- ns Am\s CXp kqNnnpp.
km[- Is Iap]ntem AY- hm, lrZbtZintem
BZyambn `Khms kmImctam \ncmImctam Bb cq]
Zi\w Asn A\p-`hw Dm-Ip-tm Ah
B\mcy- fm NIn-X-\mbn-ocpp. Xmc-W
m Ahs lrZb-n Xs BcmytZhs\ \nc-
cw IpsImn-cn-p- Xn\pw A\p`hnpsImn-cnp
-Xn\pw A\nhmcyhpw D-S-hpamb A`nemjw Dev]
-amIp-p. ]ns Ah\p Wt\-c-t-p-t]mepw
CjvSkmmXv mcw IqSmsX imn e`n-pn-. Cu
kwKXn Xs Cu a{-n B[n-ssZhn-Iamb DZml
cWw sImp hy- amn- bn- cnpp.
kw_w C\n Cu kwKXn Xs BymnI `mh
n shfns-Sppp
5. AYmymw btZXZvKXoh N at\mt\\
ssNX-Zp]-kva- c-Xy`ovWw kev ]x
bmsXmcp km[-I\p Xs a\v BcmytZhX- bmb
{io`Khms kao]w hsc Fnt- Xmbn A\p`hs-
Sppthm Ah Xs a\-nqSn `Khms \nKp
Wtam kKpWtam Bb GXp kzcq]s Nnn- pIbpw
AXns {]Xy-m\p`qXn DmhpIbpw sNppthm
Atm kzm`mhn- Iambn-s Ah AXn eo\-\m
bn-ocpp. ]ns Ah\p Xs CjvS-ssZhns
Wt\- c- t- pt]mepap hnkvarXn klnphm Ign
bp-X-. B kabw Ah AXyw hymIpeX-tbmSp
IqSnbh\mbnocpp. Ah \ntXy\, \nc- c- ambn t{]a
]qw AXns\ kvacn-pIbpw kzlr-Zb- n Xs
Cjv SssZhs {]m]np- Xn\v A\nhmcyhpw D- Shp
amb A`n- emjw D-h- \m- bn- o-cp- Ibpw sNp- p.
Ign a{n B[n- ssZhnI ZrjvSn- tbmSpIqSn ]db-
s Imcyw Xs CXn BymnI ZrjvSn-bn ]d- b-
s- n- cn- pp.
kw_w C\n B {_- ns D]mk\m {]Imc- fpw
AXns ^efpw ]dbpp:
6. X XZz\w \ma XZz-\-an-Xyp]mkn-Xhyw k b
GXtZhw thZm- Zn- ssl\w kmWn `qXm\n
kw hmRv On.
B\- - kzcq]\mb ]c- {_ ]c- taizc Fmhpw
AXyw {]nbc\mIpp. Fm PohnIfpw Hmtcmtcm coXn
bn Atls B{Klnpp. Fm Xncndnbpn
. AXpImcWw kpJ-ns cq]n Atls
At\z-jn-psImWavSv ZpxJ-kz-cq]-fmb hnjb-fn
AepXncnpsImn-cnpp. Atls {]m]np
hm Ignbpn. Cu clkyw a\- nemn km[- I B
]c-{_]c- ammhns\ Poh\p Xpeyw {]nb- ambn- cpXn
AXns\ \nXyhpw ANehpw Aa-ehpw A\- hpw Bb
]c-am\ kzcq]s Nnnp Ign-b- Ww. C{]Imcw
sNbvXpsNbvXv B\ kzcq]\mb ]cammhns kmm
Xvmcw {]m]nptm Ah kzbw B\- - ab- \mbno
cpp. AXmbXv PKnse Fm {]mWn-Ifpw Ahs\
X- fpsS Bob-ambn--cpXn Ahs\ lrZbw- Ka-ambn
kv t\ln- m XpSpp.
7. D]- \n- jZw t`m {_qlo-XypmX D]- \n- jZv
{_mow hmh X D]\n-jZ{_qta-Xn.
KpcptZh\n \npw kmtXnI `mjbn {_-hnZym
kw_n- bmb t{ijvtTm]tZi {ihn-npw injy\v
AXp ]q-cq]n lrZn- -amphm Ign-n-.
AXn- \m Ah C{]Imcw {]mn- p. ""`Khmt\!
F\nv D]\njZv cl-kya- bnbmb {_-hnZy D]tZin- p
X-mepw.'' AXn\p KpcptZh ]dp, ""h! \mw
\n\p {_-hnZy D]tZinp XpIgnp. \ns tNmZy
ns D-c-ambn "t{im{Xky t{im{Xw' apX XpSn
apIfn ]dn-cnp a{- hsc bmsXmp]tZ
inn- cnppthm AXp \o ZrVambn {Kln- psImpI.
AXp \n-b-ambpw cl- kya-bn-bmb {_- hn-ZybpsS
D]tZiw Xs- bmIpp.
kw_w {_-hn- ZybpsS {ihWam-{X- bns
{_-kz-cq]ns clkyw a\- n- emphm km[np
n-. AXn\p {]tXyI km[- \-IfpsS Bhiyw DmIp
p. AXn\m C\n B {][m\ km[\- Isf hnpp
8. Xssky Xt]m Za: ItXn {]XnjvTm thZm:
kmwKm\n kXyamb-X-\w.
hmbnp ]Tn-v, Dcphnv {_-m\n-bmbn-op;
CXv {_-hn-Zysb ]cn-l- kn-epw kzbw h\- bn-eI
s-S- epamIpp. {_-hnZybmIp {]mkmZns ASn-
d Xm]w, Zaw, Iw apXemb km[-\- IfmIpp. Ch
I K
N P
75
bpsS ta cl-kya-bn-bmb {_-hnZy A[n- jvTn-X-ambn-
cn-pw. bmsXmcp km[- I kz[-]cn-]me\- n-\p
thn AXnITn\- - fmb IjvSXIsf kljw kzmKXw
sNn-n--tbm, bmsXmcp a\-n-t\bpw C{n-b- -
tfbpw \mbn kzm[o\nsSppntbm, bmsXmcp
\njvIma`mhtmSpIqSn A\mk- \mbn hm{ia[
sf A\pjvTn-pn- tbm Ah\p {_-hn-ZybpsS
bYmc- lkyw Adnbphm km[n- pn; FpsIm
sm Ahsb {KlnpXn\p {][m\ B[mc-
ChbmIpp. Iqn thZw B {_-hn-ZybpsS Fm
AwK- fpamsWpw AdnncnWw. thZn- s-
bmIpp, {_- hnZybpsS AwK{]Xyw- K-fpsS hymJym
\w. AXpsImp thZs AXnhniZamb coXnbn Ay
b\w sNpIbpw kXykzcq]]c- taizc AXmbXv {XnIm
e_m[n- X-\mb knZm\-L\ ]ctaiz-c, B {_- hn-
ZybpsS ]c- aamb A[njvTm\hpw B{ib- am\-hpw, ]c-
a-eyhpw BIpp. AXn-\m B {_s ey
amn bmsXmcp thZm\pkc-Wambn X]w, Zaw,
\njvIma-Iw CXpI sNppthm Ah\p am{Xta
{_- hn-ZybpsS kkz- amb ]c- {_ ]pcptjm- as\
{]m]n- phm kmyamIpIbpq.
9. tbm hm GXmtahw thZm]lXy
]m]v am-\-a-\t
kztK temtI tPytb {]Xn-Xn-jvTXn
{]Xn-Xn- jvT-Xn.
apIfn ]dn- cnp {]Imc- n bmsXmcp
D]\n- jZv cq]amb {_-hnZybpsS cl-kys {Klnp
pthm AXmbXp XZ\pkc- Wamb km[- \-Ifn hym]r
X- \mbn- cnppthm Ah kakv X ]m]sf ]c-am-
kmmXvmc- n\v {]Xn_- fmbn \np kIe
ip`mip` I-tfbpw \ntjw \in-nv \nXyhpw
kt{ijvT-hpamb ]c-a-[ma-n nXn-sNpw. Hcn-
epw Ah\v AhnsS \np aS-t-Xmbn hcpn-.
Ah Fs- t- bv pambn AhnsS {]Xnjv Tn- s- Spp.
ChnsS "{]Xnjv TXn' F ]Zns ]p\- cpmcWw {K-
kam]vXn- bpsS kqN\ Xs-bmIpp. AtXmsSmw D]
tZins \nnX- Xz- tbpw {]Xn- ]mZn- pp.
imn- ]mTw
Hmw B]ymbp aamMvKm\n hmIv {]mWpx
t{im{X- atYm _ean-{n-bmWn N kmWn, kw
{_u ]\n-jZw amlw {_ \ncmIpcymw am aw
{_-\n-cm-Itcm-Xv, A\n-cm-Ic-Wa-kv Xz-\n- cmIcWw
takv Xp. XZm- \n \n ctX b D]- \n - jp
[mkvtX abn kp tX abn kp.
Hmw imnx imnx imnx
(CXns Aw Cu D]\n-jns Bcw-`n
sImSp- n- pv.)
Q
Cu D]\n-jv AYth-Znse iu\IoimJ-
bns- XmWv .
imn- ]mTw
Hmw `{Zw It`nx {iWpbma tZhm `{Zw
]tiyam`n- b-P{Xmx
nssc- c-MvssKkvXp-jvSphmw kkv X-\q-
`nhytia tZh-lnXw bZmbpx
kzkvXn \ Ct{m hr-{ihmx kzkvXn \x
]pjm hniz-thZmx
aptIm] \njv
1
3
kzkvXn \kvXmtym Acn-jvS-t\anx
kzkvXn t\m _rl-kvX]nZ[mXp.
Hmw imnx ! imnx ! imnx !!!
KpcpIpen Ayb\w \Sp injy kzw
Kpcp, kl- ]mTnI am\-hkapZmbw Fn- hcpsS \sb
NnnpsImp tZhItfmSp {]mnpp. Atbm tZh
KW- tf, R kzw ImXpIfnqSn awKf- Ic- -
fmb hN\- tI-tW. \n, apJ- kv XpXn, AkXyw
AYhm ap ]m]Ic- fmb Imcy Fnh R- fpsS
I- - fn ]XnmsX R-fpsS kzw PohnXw bmK
I K
N P
76
]cmb-Wambn `hn- tW. R kZm `Khms Bcm[-
\- bn hym]r- X- cm- bn- cn- - W- ta. I- sImp
tIpI am{X-a-msX t\{X-sImp kZm awKfw
Zin- pIbpw sNWta. GsXnepw AawKeImcntbm
AYhm \mintebvp \onsmncnptXm Bb
ImgvNIfntev R- fpsS Zrjv SnI Hcnepw BIjn
- s-SmXn- cn--tW. R- fpsS icochpw Hmtcmtcm Ah
b-h-fpw kpZr-Vhpw kp]pjv Shpw Bbn-oc- tW.
AXpw `Khms\ kv XpXnp- Xn\pthn am{XamtIWta.
R- fpsS Bbpv t`mKhnemkfnepw {]amZ- fnepw
IqSn ISp t]mImXncntW. `KhXv Imcy- fn {]tbm
P- \- s-Sp-Xn- \pthn-bp Bbpv Rp e`n- -
tW. (tZhI R- fpsS Fm C{nb- - fnepw {]thinv
Ahsb kwc- n- p- Ibpw \bn-p-Ibpw sNp- p.
Ah- \pIqeambn hn- p-XpsImv R- fpsS
C{n-b- p kpKa-ambn km-nIqSn Nen- p
hm Ign-bpp. AXn\m AhtcmSpw {]mn-pXv
DNnXamIpp) FmZnnepw Ion- ]c- n- p tZhcm
P C{, k\mb ]qjm, Acnjv S- \nhmc- I\mb
Xmy (KcpU) _pncmPmhmb _rl- kv ]Xn Cu
Fm tZhXIfpw `Khms Znhyhn-`qXn- IfmIpp. Ch
kZm Rv awKfw hn-n--tW. ChcpsS Ir]
bm R-tfmSpIq-Sn-bp Fm PohPme-pw
awKfw Dmbnsmn-cn-- tW. Bymn- Ihpw B[n-
ssZhn-Ihpw, B[n-`uXn-Ihpambn Fm Xm]pw
imnbpmtW!
{]Y- a- apWvUIw
{]Y-a-JWv Uw
1. Hmw {_m tZhm\mw {]Y-axkw-_`qh
hnizky Im `ph\ky tKm]vXm
k {_-hnZymw khn-Zym{]Xn-jvTm
aYhmb tPyjvT]p{Xmb {]ml.
("Hmw' Cu ]c-ta- izc \mas kvacnpsImv D]\n-
jmcw`n- pp. CXphgn- bmbn Hmtcm Imcyhpw Bcw- `n
ptm a\pjy Cuiz-cs\ kvacn-pIbpw Atl-
ns \mtammcWw Ahiyw sNpIbpw thWsap
kqNnn- -s-Spp.)
k inam\mb ]c- {_ ]ctaizc\n\npw tZh
Ifn {][m\n-bmb {_mhv D-hn-p. ]noSv Ctlw
Xs Fm tZhItfbpw aljnamtcbpw acoNn apXemb
{]Pm]XnItfbpw krjv Snp. AtXmSpIqSn kakv X temI
-tfbpw krjvSnv AXns cbvpthn kpZr-V
amb \nb-a- apXemb- hbpw \nn- p. Atl- ns
Ghpw aq- ]p{X AY aljnbmbncpp. Ghpw
BZyw {_mhv {_-hnZy D]tZinpsImSpXv Atl-
n- \mbn-cp- p. bmsXmcphn- Zybn\npw {_- ns
"]c' hpw "A]chp' amb cp kzcq]-fptSbpw ]q-
amb m\w e`npthm AXns\ {_-hnZysbp ]dbp
p. CXv Fm hnZyIfptSbpw B{i-b- amIpp.
2. AYtW bmw {]h-tZX {_m
Yhm Xmw ]ptcmhmNmMvKntc {_-hnZymw
k `mc- Zzm-Pmb kXyhlmb
{]ml `mc- Zzm-tPmMvKnctk ]cmhcmw.
AY aljnp {_mhn\np e`yamb {_-
hn-Zysb Atlw AwKnc pa-ljnp ]dpsImSp
p. AwKnc- paljn `c- ZzmP- tKm{X- n ]nd kXy
hl Fp t]cp aljnp ]dpsImSpp. `mc-
ZzmP-a-ljn ]mc- cyambn \ne\nn-cp {_- ns
]c, A]c- kzcq]ns m\w ]IpsImSpp Cu
{_- hn-tZym]tZiw aljn AwKnc-n\p \In.
3. iu\tIm l ssh almimtem MvKnckw hn[n-
h- Zp - ]- kx ]{ ]- . Ikv an p `Kthm
hnmtX kanZw hnmXw `hXoXn.
iu\I F t]cn {]kn- \mb Hcp aljn Dm
bncpp. Atlw Hcp henb hnizhnZymeb- ns m]
I\pw Bbn- cpp. ]pcmWa\pkcnv Atl-ns Ejn
Ipen F]s- mbncw aljnam hknncpp.
Atlw D]cyp {_- hnZy ]Tnp- Xn- \mbn imkv {X-
hn[nb- \pkcnp Ic-- fn kanv FSppsImv `n
]qw aljn AwKn-c-ns ASp hp. Atlw
AXyw hn\-b]qw aljntbmSp tNmZn- p. "`Kh,
bmsXmp \mbn Xncndn--Xn\ptijw ImWpXpw
tIpXpw A\pam\n- p- Xpamb Fmw Xncndnbp
-Xn\p Ignbptm, B ]c- a- XXzw FmIpp? AXns\
Fs\ Xncn- dn- bphm Ignbpw Fp Zb-hmbn Acpfn
sbv Xmepw!
4. Xkvssa k tlmhmN. tZz hntZy thZn-Xthy
CXn l kva bZv {_-hntZm hZn ]cm ssNhm
]cmN.
C{]Imcw aljn iu\- Is tNmZyn\v aljn
AwKn-cv ]dp ""iu\I, {_s {Kln-n-p
aljnam ]dbpXv a\pjypthn Adnbp-Xn\v
cphnZyI Dv FmWv . H ]c, aXv A]c.
5. X{Xm- ]cm EtKztZm bPpthZx kma- thtZm
Yh thZx in m Iev t]m hymI- cWw
\ncpw Otm tPymXn jan-Xn. AY ]cm bbm
XZ-- ca- [n- Kay-tX.
B cp hnZyIfn bmsXmphgn Cu temIn-
tebpw ]c-temIn-tebpw t`mK-fptSbpw AhbpsS
{]m]v Xn km[- \IfptSbpw m\w e`yamIppthm,
bmsXmn t`mK- fpsS nXn, t`mKsf A\p`hn-
I K
N P
77
p-Xn\p {]Imc-, t`mKhkvXp-fpsS cN\,
Ahsb D]e_v[- amp- Xn- \p ]ehn-[- km[-\-I
Fmw AS-nbn-cn-ppthm AXv A]c-hn- ZybmIpp;
EtKz-Zw, bPpthZw, kma-thZw, AYthZw Cu \mep
thZ- fn \m\m hn[- nep bmKhnZyIfpw AhbpsS
^efpw hnkvXmc-]qw hnncnpp. PKnse
Fm hkvXp- fptSbpw hnjb- - fptSbpw h\w thZ
-fn \Xpt]mse sNbvXn-cn-pp. Cmev thZ
ns Fm imJ-Ifpw e`yamIpn. AXn hnn
p hnhn[ hnm\Ic--fmb Imcysf Adnbmhp
- hcpw CspXp icnbmIpp. thZ- fpsS ]mZ
AXmbXv icn- bmb Dcn- p-Xn-\p hn[nIsf kw_
n D]tZi ""in'' BIpp. bw, bmKw apX
em-b-hbpsS hn[n-I ]d-b-s-n-cn-p hn`mKs
"Iev]w' Fp ]d-bpp. sshZn-Ihpw euIn- Ihpw Bb
i_vZ- fpsS A\pimk\-ns {]Ir- Xn- {]Xyb hn`m
K]qambp i_vZkm[- \-bpsS {]{Inb. i_vZm
t_m[-- fpsS {]Imcw {]tbmKw apXembhbpsS \nb-a-
kw_n D]tZifpsS \maw "hymIcWw' Fm
Ipp. sshZnIi_vZtImi- fn C ]Zw C hkvXp
hns\ kqNnn- pp F kwKXn Imc- WklnXw ]db-
s-ncnpXp "\ncpw' F hn`mKnemWv . sshZn-
IO-- pIfpsS PmXnbpw t`Zhpw ]d-bp hnZysb
"Nkv' Fp ]dbpp. {Kl--fptSbpw \{X--fp
tSbpw nXn-KXn-Ifpw AhtbmSp \pp _-
fpw FmIpp Fpw apw hnhcn-p hnZysb
"tPymXnj' sap ]dbpp. C{]Imcw \mep thZfpw
Bdp thZmw-Kfpw Cu ]n-sbpw \maw "A]cm'
hnZy FmIpp. bmsXmphgnbmb ]c{_ Ahn\min
]c-ammhns XXz-m\w DmIppthm AXv "]cm'
hnZybmIpp. AXns h-\- Iepw thZ-fn Xs-
bpv. AXn\m A{Xbpw Awis hnnv _mn Fm
thZfpw thZmw-Kfpw A]cmhn- Zybn AS-n-bn-cn-
p- Xmbn IcpX- Ww.
kw_w apIfn ]dncnp ]cmhn- Zyhgnbmbn
bmsXmns m\w DmIppthm B Ahn\minbmb
{_w F- s\-bp- XmWv ? AXns\- n ]dbpp
6. b- Z- t{Z- iy- a- {Km- ly- a- tKm- {X- a- h- a- N- px-
t{im{Xw XZ]mWn]mZw. \nXyw hn`pw kKXw
kpkqv aw XZ-hybw bZv `q- X- tbm\nw ]cn- ]-
iyn [ocm.
Cu a{n ]c-{_- ]c-ta-iz- cs \ncmImc- kz-cq
]s hnncnpp. B ]c{_]ctaizc mt\-
{nbw hgn Adnb- s-Sphm Ignbpn; It{nb
hgnbpw {Kln- s- Spn. Atlw tKm{Xw apXemb D]m
[n- Ifnm- h\pw {_mWmZn h- KXt`Ztfm AXp
t]mse \ndw, BIrXn Chtbm Cm-h\pw BIpp.
Atlw Iv , sNhn apX- emb mt\- {n- b-fpw Imev ,
ssIbv apX-emb It-{n-b- fpw Cm-h\mIpp.
AXpt]mse Atlw AXnkqv ahpw hym]Ihpw A-
cm-cq]tmSpIqSn Fmnepw hym]npw Hcn- epw
\miw kw`hn- m-h\pw kYm \nXy\pw BIpp.
Fm Pohn-IfptSbpw B ]c-a-Imc-Ws\ m\n-I
k{X ]cn]q- ambn ImWpp.
kw_w PKZmmhmb ]c- ta-iz- c kakv X krjv Sn
IfptSbpw ]caImc- W BIpsXs\? kq- amb
Cu {]]w Atln \npw Fs\ Dhnp? Cu
Bibs hyampp
7. btYm- \m`nx krPtX KrlvWtX N
bYm ]rYn-hymtam-j[bx kw`hn
bYm kXx ]pcp-jm-tIitemam\n
XYmcmXv kw`hXol hnizw.
]c- {_ ]c- taizc Xs Cu PUtNX- \m- Iamb
PKns \nan-hpw D]mZm\Imc-WhpamIpp Fv
aqp ZrjvSm hgn a\-nempp. BZyw FpIm
enbpsS Zrjv Smn\npw Cu kwKXn ]d-bpp. F{]
Imcw FpImen Xs hbn- \pn-ep hesb shfn-bn-
seSpp hncn-pIbpw ]ns AXns\ hngppIbpw
sNppthm AtX- {]Imcw Xs Cu ]c- {_ ]c- ta- iz
c Xs Dn kqv a-cq]tmSpIqSn eo\-ambn-cn-
p PUtNX- \mcq]amb PKns\ krjv SnbpsS Bcw-
`n \m\m{]Imc-n krjvSnp hym]nnpIbpw
{]fb- Imen hopw Xn- tebvpXs ]nhenp
Ibpw sNpp. cmas DZmlc-Ww-sImpw Cu
Imcyw hyampp. F{]Imcw `qanbn hnhn[- - fmb
[m\y, XrWw, hrw, eX apX-emb Huj[nIfpsS
_oP ]Xnppthm A{]Imcw Xs- bp `n- -
fmb t`ZtfmSpIqSnb Huj[nI AhnsS apfbv pp.
AXn `qanp bmsXmcp ]]mXhpw C. AXpt]mse
Xs Pohn-IfpsS hn`n- - -fmb Icq]_oP-
\pkc- Wambn `Khm Ahsb hnhn[ tbm\n- Ifn D-
hnnpp. AXn\m Atl- n bmsXmcp {]Imc- n
epap hnjaXbptStbm \nb- XbptStbm tZmjw Btcm
]n- phm km[ya- . aqmaXp a\pjyicoc-ns DZm
l-c- Wn\npw Cmcyw hy-ampp. F{]Imcw
a\p- jys Pohn- X- i- co- c- n\npw at\m- l- c- amb
tIihpw tcmafpw \Jhpw kzb- ambn D- hnpIbpw
hfcpIbpw sNppthm Ahs\ kw_n-n-S-tmfw
AXv bmsXmn\pw {]tbmP-\-s- Spn-. AtX {]Imcw
Xs ]c-{_]c-ta-iz-c-\n\npw Cu {]]w kzb-
ambn D-hn-pIbpw hnIkn-pIbpw sNpp; CXn-
\pthn `Khm\v bmsXmcp {]b-Xv \hpw sNt--Xmbn
hcpn- .
kw_w C\n kwt]-ambn {]]tmn
{Ias hnhcn- pp.
I K
N P
78
8. X]km NobtX {_ XtXm a`n-PmbtX
AmXv{]mtWm a\x kXyw temImx
IkpNmar-Xw.
PKns krjv SnImea- Sp- tm ]c- {_ ]c- taiz
c Xs kev ]cq]amb X]n\npw hf {]m]n
pp, AXmbXv Atl- n hnhn[ cq]- tfmSpIqSnb
krjv SnbpsS \nmWn\p kev ]w Dbcpp. Pohn
IfpsS Im\pkrXambn B ]c- {_ ]pcptjm- a\n
bmsXmcp kv ^pcWw krjvSnbpsS Bcw`nepmbncp
pthm AXpXs Atl-ns X]w Bbncpp. B
kv ^pcWw Dmb am{Xbns AXyw kqvacq
]n- embn- cp `Khm AXns\ At]np qeam
bnocpIbpw Atlw krjv SnImhmb {_mhns
cq]w [cn-pIbpw sNpp. {_mhn\npw Fm
PohnIfptSbpw D-nbpw hfbpw kw`hnnp
Aw D- - amIpp. ]ns A- n\npw {ItaW
{]mW, a\-v , Imcycq]fmb BImimZn ]alm`q
X Fm PohnIfpw AhbpsS hmkefpw, Ah
bpsS hn`n I- fn\npw Ahbvv Ahiyw kw`
hn-t kpJ-ZpxJ-cq]^efpw Cs\ Cu kq
PKv D-hnpp.
kw_w C\n ]c- taizcs alnasb hnpsImv
Cu {]Ic- Ws D]kw- l- cn- pp.
9. bx kx khn-Zyky
m\-abw X]x
Xkvam-tZXZv{_ \ma cq]aw N Pmb-tX.
kw]q PKns Imc- W`qX\mb B ]c- a]pcpj
]c-ta-iz-cs\ km[mcW cq]nepw hntijcq]nepw
Fmhcpw \mbndn- bpp. B ]c-{_-ns GIam
{Xamb m\wXs X]amIpp. Atl- n\v km[mcW
a\p-jysc-tmse PKns\ krjvSn-p-Xn-\pthn
IjvSkl\- cq]amb X]\pjv Tn- t--Xmbn hcpn- .
B kinam\mb ]c- {_ ]c-ta- izcs kev ]am
{Xbns {]Xy- ambn ImWs- Sp Cu hncmSv cq]
amb PKv (AXns\ A]c- {_w Fp ]dbpp) kzbw
{]IS-amIpIbpw kakvX Pohn-Ifpw temIfpw Ah
bpsS \maw, cq]w, Blmcw apX-embhbpw D-hn-p
Ibpw sNpp.
"Bsc Adnbp-Xn\npw CsXmw {Kln-phm
Ignbpp' Fv iu\- Ia-ljn tNmZn-n-cpp. CXns
D- cambn kakv X PKns ]c- aImc- W\mb ]c- amm
hn\npw PKns D]nhnhcWw ]dnv Npcp
-n B kin-am\pw k\pw Fmn-
sbpw Imhpw [mhpamb ]c- taizcs\ Adnp
Ign- m Fmw a\-n- emIpp F Imcyw [cnn- p.
ZznXo- b- JWvUw
kw_w BZyJ-WvUnse \memw a{n ]cm,
A]cm Cu cp hnZyIfpw {KmlytbmKyamsWp ]d
bpp. C\n Cu JWvUn AXn\nv A]cmhn- Zy
bpsS kzcq]hpw ^ehpw ]d-nv ]cmhn-Zysb-n
Pnmk Dfhmpp
1. XtZ- X- Xyw at{jp ImWn Ihtbm
bm\y]iyw kvXm\n t{XXmbmw _lp[m kwX
Xm\n. Xm\ymNcY \nbXw kXyImam Gj hx
]mx kpIr-X-kytemtI.
_pn-ammcmb aljn-I bmsXmcp D-Xn-bpsS
km[- \m`qX- amb bmKmZn \m\mhn[- nep Isf
thZa{- fn ]t Incppthm B Ia{
Ev, bPpv, kmaw Cu aqp thZ-fnepw ]ecoXn-I
fn hnkv Xmc-]qw hn- ncn- pp. AXn\m {]Xy
amb DXn B{Klnp BfpI Ahsb icnbmbn
{Klnv \nb- a{]Imcw B Isf A\pjv TnpsImn-
cn- Ww. Cu a\pjyicocn CXpXs D- Xnp
kp- c- amb amw. AekXbnepw {]amZnepw t`mK-
f\p`hnp- Xnepw arK- sftmse PohnpXv a\pjy
icoc- n- \p]bp-a.
({][m\ cq]nep thZ- fpsS Fw aqpXs
Fv AwKoIcnpp. Anmbn "thZ{Xbn' apXemb
\ma-tfmSpIqSn EtKz- Zw, kma- thZw, bPpthZw Fo
aqn- sbpw DtJ\w e`npp. A- s\- bp m\-
- fn \mem- as AY thZs tad
aqnepw Aeo\-amsWp IcpXpp.)
kw_w thtZm- - fmb At\Iw {]Imc- - fnep
I- fn\npw {]tXyI eWtmSpIqSnb {][m\
Antlm{X- Is hnphm\mcw- `npp.
2. bZm teembtX lyNnx kant
lhyhm-lt\
XZmPy`mKm-htc-WmlpXnx {]Xn- ]mZtb-Xv.
A[n- ImcnIfmbnp-h \nXyhpw An-tlm{Xw \S-
-Ww. tZhIv lhnv Fn-psImSpp An
bmK- th- Zn - bn \n mbn In - Pz - en - p - tm,
AXn\npw PzmeI Db-cptm, BPy`mKm\w
hnp a[yn BlpXn kan--Ww. An Bfn--
p- Xn\p aptm AXn\npw PzmeI Db-cp-Xn\p
aptm AYhm In-b- Xn-\ptijtam imambXn\p
tijtam AXn BlpXn kanphm ]mSn F
Imcyw AXpsImp hy-am-s-Spp. Ansb \
Xpt]mse Pzen- n- nv An- tlm{Xw \S- - Ww.
kw_w \nXyhpw An- tlm{Xw \S- p a\pjy
AtXmSpIqSn Fsmw sNWw F hnjbsn
]dbpp
I K
N P
79
3. bkym-n-tlm{X-a-Zi\]u- am-k
aNmXpm kya-\m{Kb-Wa-Xn-Yn-hnXw N.
Alp-Xa- sshiz-tZ-ha- hn-[n\m lpX
amk]vX-amw-kvXky temIm ln\-kvXn.
\nXyhpw An-tlm{Xw \S-p a\pjy Zib-
hpw ]u- amk-b-hpw sNmXn-cn-ppthm
AYhm NmXpmkyb-hpw \S-m-Xn-cn-p- pthm
AXpt]mse icZv hkpp- fn \S- s- Sp \ho
\m- ns (]pXp[m\y) bmKcq]amb B{Kb- Wbw
\Ss- SmXncnppthm Ahs b- imebn AXn
Yn- I bYmhn[n k-cn- - s- SmXn- cn- ppthm As
n Ah \nXyw An-bmKn IrXyka-bpw
imkv{X- hn[n- b-\pkcnpw lh\w \SmXn- cnppthm
AXp-t]mse _en sshiz-tZhIw \S-mXn-cn- p
pthm BsWn B An-tlm{Xw \S-pp a\p
jys k]v XtemIsf B AwKlo\- amb Antlm{Xw
\in-np If-bpp. AXmbXv B bw aqew e`n-p
ambn-cp ]rYzn-temIw apX kXytemIw hsc- bp
temI-fn\np e`yamIp tbmKy t`mK Ah
\n\npw AXv Xn amn-- f- bpp.
kw_w An-bn\npw PzmeI \mbn Db- cp
tm BlpXn kanWw Fp kwKXn ap a{
-fn ]dp Ignn-cn-pp. C\n B PzmeIfpsS
{]Imct`Zfpw \mahpw ]dpX- cpp.
4. Imeo Icmeo N at\m-P-hmN
kptemlnXm bm N kp[q-{a-hm
kv^penw-K\o hniz-cpNo N tZho
teemb-am\m CXn k]vX Pnlzmx.
Imeo Idp \nd-tmSpIqSnb- h, IcmeoAXyp{K
amb (An _m[npsa `bw P\nn- p-h), at\m
Phm a\- pt]mse AXyw N-eamb- h, kptemln
Xm- kp- c-amb NphtmSpIqSn- b- h, kp[p{ahm- kp
-c- amb ]pIbpsS \nd- tmSp-IqSnb- h, kv^penw- Kn\o
Xosmcn- I s]mn-n-dp-- h, hniz-cp-No-tZhn Fm
Znnepw {]Iminp- h C{]Imcw Ggp coXnbnep
PzmeI AntZhs lhn- ns\ {Klnp- Xn\v CfIn
smn-cn-p Ggp \mhpIt]mse BIpp. AXn-
\m Ftm AntZhX C{]Imcw BlqXncq]amIp
t`mP\w {Kln-p-Xn\p Xmdmbn-cn-ppthm AtX
kabw Xs t`mP\-cq]amb BlpXn {]Zm\w sNWw.
As- n A{]-z-en- Xhpw AWp-t]mb-Xp- amb
An-bn \IsSp BlpXn Nmc-tmSp Iev
\in- pt]mIpp.
kw_w ta {]Imcw {]Zo]v Xamb Anbn \nb- a
{]Imcw {]XnZn\w lh\w sNp- XpsImp ^es-
n ]dbpp.
5. GtXjp b-ctX {`mP-am-t\jp
bYmImew NmlpXtbm lymZZmb.
Xw \b-tyXmx kqcyky civatbm
b{X tZh\mw ]Xn-tc- tIm[nhmkx.
bmsXmcp km[- I ]qa{n ]dnp Ggp
{]Imc- n- ep Pzmembp-ambn, \mbn t{]mz- enp
sImn-cn-p An-bn IrXykabw imkv{X- hn- [nb-
\pkcnp \nXyhpw BlpXn-\In An-bmKw \S-p
pthm Ahs\ ac- WImen XtmSp Iqntv Cu
BlpXnI kqcyInc-W- fmbn, tZhcmPmhmb C{s
temIn Fn- pp. Antlm{Xw kz-kpJ- {]m
]v Xn-p AtamLamb D]mb- amsWp Xmev]cyw.
kw_w F{]Imcw Cu BlpXn-I kqcyIn- c-W
am- ambn bPam\s\ C{- temIn Iqnsmpt]m
Ipp Amcyw hnhcn- pp.
6. GtlyloXn XamlpXbx kphkx
kqcyky civan-`nb-P-am\w hln
{]nbmw hmNa-`n-hZ-tymby
Gj hx ]pWyx kpIrtXm {_-temIx.
B {]Zo]vXamb PzmeIfn Ans BlpXnI
kqcyIncW- fpsS cq]n ]cnWanv ac- WImen
B km[-It\mSp ]dbpp ""hcp, hcp \ns k
-fpsS ^ekz-cq]amb {_-temIw AXmbXv t`mKcq]
kpJ-sf A\p`hnp- Xn-\p ew kz- temIam
Ipp'' C- s\- bp {]nb- hmpI IqsSqsS ]dp
sImv BZc-kmc-]qw Ahs\ kpcys Inc- W
am-- fnqSn sImpt]mbn kz- tem-I- n
Fn- pp. ChnsS kzs {_- temIw Fp ]d
bp- Xn Xmev]cyw kzm[n]Xnbmb C{\pw `Khms
Xs A]c-kz- cq]am-Ipp. AXn- \m {]Imcm-tcW
{_w Xs-bmIpp.
kw_w C\n kmwkmcnI t`mK-tfmSp sshcm
Kym ]c- am\- - kz- cq]\mb ]c- ta- iz- cs\ {]m]np-
Xn\p A`nemjw Dev ]- amIp- Xn\pthn ap]d
kz-temIns km[-\mcq]amb bmZn kIma-
Ihpw AXns ^ecq]amb euInIhpw ]mc- euIn- I
hpamb t`mK-fpsS XpXbpw ]dpXcpp
7. hm tlytX AZrVm bcq]m
AjvSmZtim-a-hcw tbjp I
GXvtdtbm tb`n\n aqVm
PcmarXypw tX ]p\-tc-hm]n bn.
Cu a{n bs \uImcq]nepw Ah
bpsS kwJy ]Xn- s\v Fpw ]db-sSpp. \nXy, Zi,
]uamk, NXpamkt`Z- tfmSpIqSn b- n\p ]Xn
s\p {][m\ cq] Dsv A\pam\n- s- Spp. Ah
I K
N P
80
bn D]mk\mc- ln-Xamb kIma- Isf hn- n-cn-
pp. Cs\ b cq]-fmIp ]Xn-s\p \uI
Ifpw Dd- p-X-sp ]db-s-Sp-p. Ch hgn-bmbn
kwkmc-kmKc-ns Ac IS-pI km[ya-. Cu
temIns h-am\ ZpxJ kzcq]amIp Ghpw
sNdnb \Zn-tb- tmepw XcWw sNbv Xv kzw- hsc
Fptam Fpt]mepw kt-l- amWv. FpsIms
m aqmas a{nse h- \-b\pkcnv GsX-
nepw AwKns Ipd- hpmIpp Fn km[- I\p
kz- n Fphm km[n- p- X; CSbv pshp
Xs NnXdntmIpp. AXn\m CXv AZrVhpw An
c-hpamIpp. Cu clkyw a\- n-emmsX aT- b-mcmb
BfpI Cu kImaI- sfs ]c- ta-iz-c-{]m]vXn
p D]mbw Fp IcpXn CXns ^es-s
]c-akpJ- sap IcpXn CXns\ kvXpXn- psImp Pohn
pp. Ahv kt-l- c-ln-X-ambn IqsS-q-sS-bp
hrmh-tbbpw ac- WZpxJ-tbpw A\p`hn-t-
Xmbn hcpp.
kw_w Ah F{]Imcw ZpxJa\p`hnpp? CXn\p
kv ]jv SoIcWw \Ipp
8. Ahn-Zymbma-tc h-am\mx
kzbw-[ocmx ]WvUnXw a\yam\mx
PMvL\yam\mx ]cn-bn aqVm
At-ss\h \ob-am\m bYmmx
A\p hgn-Imn-bmbn As\s Inptm
Ah- s\- s\ A`o- jv S- - e- s- p- hm Ignbpw?
CSbv v Imepapnbpw apnepw NpNhdnepw ImhgpXn
hoWpw ]md- Ifnepw `nn- Ifnepw arK- fpsS-taepw Xn-
apn \m\m hn[--fnepap IjvS-X-I A\p`hn- t-
Xmbn hpIqSppthm AXpt]mse Xs Cu aqVm
cmb BfpIfpw ]n-ar-KmZn-IfptSbpw IoS--fptSbpw
hnhn[ ZpxJ- ]q- - fmb tbm\nIfnepw AXpt]mse \c-
ImZnIfnepw {]thinv A\-Pw- hsc A\-h[n Ijv Sm
cnjv SXI A\p`hnt- Xmbn hcpp. bmsXmcp
kzbw _pn- am\pw hnZzm\pw Fp \Sn- ppthm hnZym
_pnbpsS anYymlmcm imkv{Xtbpw almm
\nIfpsS hN\--tfbpw Aev]w-t]mepw hIhbvmsX
Ahsb Ahtl-fn-pIbpw {]Xy-fmb kpJ- t`mK
sf A\p`hnp- Xnepw AhbpsS D]mb `qXfmb
AhnZymab kImaI- fn \nc-cw apgpIn hkn- p
Ibpw sNppthm PohnXns Aaqeyamb kabs
hrYm \jvSamn- -fbpp.
kw_w B BfpI XpSbmbn ZpxJ- -fn ]Xn
psImn-cpnpw FpsImpW-cpn? \- bvp-
thn FpsImp {]hn- pn? Cu B{Kls
kw_np ]dbpp
9. Ahn-Zymbmw _lp[m h-am\m
hbw IrXmYm CXn-`n-a-\yn _memx
bXvIntWm \ {]th-Zbn cmKmXv
tX\mXpcmx oWtemIm-yht.
]qa- {n ]d-n-cn-p coXn-tbm- Sp-IqSn
bmsXmcp CltemI]c- temIt`mK {]m]vXnpthn
kmwkmcntIm- Xn-bpsS km[-\mcq]- fmb kIma- I
- fns ]ecoXnIfn apgpIn hknppthm Ahn
Zybn apgpIn--gn-bp Am\n-Ifmb B a\pjy
"R R-fpsS I-hysf ]menp Ign-n-cn-
pp'Fp IcpXpp. B kmwkmcnI I-fn
apgpIn-bn-cn-p BfpIp t`mK-fn AXyw
Bkn- bpmIpp. CXpImcWw Ah kmkmcn- tIm
- Xn-bn- te- msX \-bpsS t\tc ZrjvSn ]Xn- n- pn-
. ]c- am\-ns kap{Zw GtXm ]c-ammhmsWpw
a\pjy\v AXp {]m]n-phm Ign-bpsa-pap hnhcw
Ahv Adn-bphm Ign-bpn. AXn\m Ah ]c-
ammhns\ {]m]n- phm ]cn{ian- msX kZm ZpxJn- X-
cmbnocpIbpw ]pWyI- fpsS ^ew Ahkm\np
Ign- bptm Ah kzmZntemI-fn \npw Xmsg
]Xn-pIbpw sNpp.
kw_w apIfn ]d-ncnp kwKXn HpIqSn
kv ]jv Sambn ]dbpp
10. CjvSm-]qt a\yam\m hcnjvTw
\m\yvtdtbm thZbt {]aqVmx
\mIky ]rjvtT tX kpIrtX \p`qtXzaw
temIw lo\-Xcw hm hnin.
AXyw aqVmcpw t`mKmk- cpamb B a\pjy
thZw, kv arXn apXemb imkv {X- fn kmwkmcnI kpJ-
{]m]vXn- mbn F{Xam{Xw km[-\-Itf- n ]dnptm
Ahsb kt{ijvT IeymWkm[\Ifmbn-cpXpp.
AXn - \m Ah- bn \n pw `n- ambn AXm- bXv
]ctaizcs `P- \w, [ym\w, \njvma`mhtmSpIqSnb
I-hy]me\w, ]c-a]pcpjvXmamhns\ Adn-bp-- Xn-\p
thn Xo{hXtbmSpIqSn-bp {]h\w apX-embn
F{Xtbm ]c- a- aw- Kf- {]Z- fmb km[-\-Ifptm Ahsb-
sbmpw Ah Adnbpt- bn; B IeymWkm[- \- IfpsS
t\sc eyta hbvpn- . AXn-\m Ah X-fpsS
]pWyI-fpsS ^ekz-cq]-fmb kztmIw- hsc-
bp kpJ- sf t`mKnnv ]pWyns bw kw`hn
p kabw hopw Cu a\pjytemIn-tebvtm
AYhm CXnepw tamiamb iqIc- IqIcmZntbm\nIfntem
Asn cuc-hmZn tLmc-\c- I- fntem ]Xn- pp.
kw_w apIfn ]dncn- p kmwkmcnI t`mK
- tfmSp hnc- cmb a\pjycpsS BNmc- \- S]SnIfpw Ah
bpsS ^efpw hnpp
I K
N P
81
11. X]x{it tb lyp]h-kyctWy
imm hnZzmwtkm ss`y]cymw Ncx
kqcyZzm-tcW tX hncPmx {]bmn
b{XmarXx k ]pcptjm lyhybmm.
D]cyp--amb t`mKmk-cmb a\pjycn \npw
bmsXmcp `n- \mbncnppthm a\pjyicocns
alXzw {Kln- np- XpImcWw bmsXmcps AxI
c-Wn ]c-am-XXzw Adn-bp-Xn\pw ]c-ta-iz-cs\
{]m]np- Xn\pw D C DWs- gptppthm
Ah Hcp ]t h\n hkn-p hm\- {]t\m
imkz`mhtmSpIqSnb hnZzm\pw kZmNmcnbpamb Krl-
t\m AYhm `nhmn Pohn-p {_-Nmcntbm
kymkntbm Bbnsms, Ah \nc- c-amb X]
psImpw `nsImpw tkh\w A\pjv Tn-psImn-
cnpp. AXmbXv Ahc- hcpsS hhpw B{iahpw ]cn
X-n-Xnbpw A#pkcnv bmsXmcp kabw bmsXmcp
Ihyw DmIp-pthm Ahsb imkv {X- ns
Bb- \pkcnp bmsXmcp hn[- amb A`n-emjfpw
IqSmsX ]menpsImp PohnpIbpw kwba- \- tmSp
IqSn ia-ZamZnkm[- \-ItfmSpIqSnb k-mcmbnv ]c-a
`ntbmSpIqSn ]c- taizcs\ Adnbp- Xn\pw {]m]np-
Xn\pw D km[-\- Ifn hym]rXcmbn Pohnpp. AXp
sImv Xtamc- tPmKpWfpsS hnImcfn\npw k
Ymiq\yhpw \nehpamb kXzKpWn nXnsNp
-Xp-amb kqcytemInqSn Ah-cpsS ]c-a-{]m]y
AarXkzcq]\pw \nXy\pw Ahn\minbpamb ]c- a]pcpj
]pcptjm- as \nhmk-etbvp t]mIpp.
kw_-w- B ]c-{_-]c-ta-iz- cs\ Adn-bp-Xn\pw
{]m]np- Xn- \pwthn a\pjy FpsNWw? AtX-
n hnhcnpp
12. ]coy temIm INn-Xm {_mtWm
\nthZam-bmm- kvXyIrXx IrtX\
XZzn-m\mw k Kpcpta-hm`n-KtOXv
kan-Xv]mWnx t{im{Xnbw {_-\n-jvTw.
kzw ku`mKyw Binp a\pjy BZyw ]dn
cn-p I-fpsS ^ekz-cq]amb Cu temIn-
tebpw ]c- temIntebpw kakv XkpJtfbpw \Xp
t]mse ]con-nv AXmbXv hnthI]qw AhbpsS
A\n-XyXbpw ZpxJ-kz-cq]hpw {Klnv Fmhn-[--fn-ep
ap t`mKfn\npw kYm hnc- -\mbn- oc-Ww.
Imhns Al-mc- ]qamb kIma`mhtmSpIqSn
sNs- Sp Iw A\nXy ^es sNpXpw XYm
kzbw A\n-Xyhpw BIpp. AXn-\m bmsXmcp
{Inbmkm[y\- mXncnppthm As\- bp \nXy]c- ta
izcs\ Ahp {]m]nphm km[npn. CXphnNm
cnv B Pnmkp ]c-ammhns hmkvX-hnI XXz-
m\w {]m]n-p-Xn-\pthn Ic- -fn kanpw
FSpv `n- hn- \-b-`mh-tfmSpIqSn thZc-l-kysf
\mbndn- bp-h\pw ]c- ammhn nXn-sNp- hh
\pamb kZvKpcphns\ icWw {]m]n- Ww.
kw_w apIfn ]d- n-cn-p eW-tfmSp
IqSnb GsX-nepw injy Kpcphns ASp hcn- I
bmsWn Kpcp FpsNWw? CXpkw-_np ]d
bpp
13. Xkvssa k hnZzm-\p]kmb kayIv
{]imNn-mb iam\zn-Xmb.
tb\mcw ]pcpjw thZkXyw
t{]mhmN Xmw XztXm {_-hn-Zymw.
thZ\pw {_-\njv T\pamb B almmhv Xs
icWw {]m]n-n-cn-p Nnw ]q-ambn imhpw
\nn-hpambn--gn-n- cn-p injy\v kmwkmcn-I
t`mKfn XnIpw hnc--\mbn-o-XpIm-c- Ww,
bmsXmcps lrZb- n bmsXmcphn-[-amb Nn
Ifpw hymIpeX- Ifpw hnImc-fpw Ahtijn- nn- tbm
bmsXmcp iaZamZn km[- \mk- \mbncnppthm
bmsXmcp Xs a\-v , _pn, C{n-b- Chsb
\mbn \nb{nv kzm[o\- amnbncnppthm B {_-
hnZysb XXz- hnthN\m]qw a\- nemn Ah\v D]tZ
inpsImSp- Ww. XmcWw B injy\v \nXy\pw Ahn
\minbpamb ]c- {_]pcptjm- as m\w {]m]np
hm Ign-bpw.
ZznXo- b- ap- WvUIw
{]Y-a-JWv Uw
kw_w {]Y-aapWvUInse ZznXob-J- Wv Un
A]c-hn- ZybpsS cq]hpw ^efpw ]dXn- \ptijw
AXns XpXsb ImWn- psImv AXn\np hnc--
cmbncn-Wsa Imcyw ]dnv ]c- hnZy ]Tnp- Xn\v
kZvKpcphns\ icWw {]m]n- Wsapw ]d-p. C\n ]c-
hn-Zysb hn- p-Xn- \p {]IcWw Bcw- `n- pp.
1. XtZXXyw bYm kpZo-]vXmXv]mhImZv
hnkv^penwKmx
kl-kvdix {]`ht kcq]mx
XYmcmZv hnhn[mx tkmay `mhmx
{]Pmbt X{X ssNhm-]n-b-n.
AwKncpaljn ]dbpp. {]nbs iu\- Im, Rm
\nv BZyta ]c-{_]c-ta-iz-cs kzcq]s
hnpsImp bmsXmcp clkyw ]dpXncppthm
AXp kYm kXyamIpp. C\n AXns\s hopw
{Klnnpp. {im]qw {ihnpsImpI. F{]Imcw
Bfn--n- smn-cn- p An- bn\npw AXpt]m
I K
N P
82
seXs cq]h--tfmSp-IqSnb Bbn-c-- W- n\p
kv^penwK \mep]mSpw NnX-dppthm AXpt]mse
Xs ]c-a]pcpj Ahn\min{_-n \npw krjvSn-
Imen \m\m-{]Imc- n-ep `mh- -tfmSp-IqSnb
aqhpw Aaq- hpamb hkv Xp D- hnpIbpw
{]fbmImen hopw Atl- ns eo\- amIp
Ibpw sNpp. ChnsS `mhs {]IS-amp-Xn-\p
Imcyw {Kln-n-p-Xn-\mbn An-bptSbpw kv^penw-K
-fptSbpw Zrjv Smw \Is- ncnpp.
kw_w bmsXmcp ]c- {_ ]c- taizc- \n\npw Cu
PKv D- hnnv hopw Atl-ns hneo\- am
bnocpp. Ah kzbw Fs\ Fp hnhcnpp
2. Znthym lyaqx ]pcpjx
k_mlym`ytcm lyPx
A{]mtWm lya\mx ipt{`m lycmXv
]cXx ]cx
B Znhy]pcpj\mb ]c- ammhv \nt- l- amb BIm
c- c- ln- X\pw AJnePKntbpw AIpw ]pdpw ]cn
]q\pw BIpp. Atlw PmZnc- lnX\pw hnip\pw
BWv; FpsImsm Atl- n\mIs {]mW\pan
, C{nb- -fpan, a\- pan- . Atl-n\v Chsbmpw
IqSmsX Fmw sNp- Xn\p Ignbpp. AXn\m k
inam\mb B ]c- taizc Ahn\minbmb Pohmmhn
s\- mfpw AXyw t{ijvT\mIpp. kYm D- a- \m
Ipp.
kw_w tad eW- tfmSpIqSnb \ncmIm
c\mb ]ctaizc\n\npw Cu kmImcPv Fs\ D
hnpp? Cu Pnmkbvv Atlns k in
Xzs hnpp
3. GXkvammbtX {]mtWm a\x
kt{n-bmWn N
Jw hmbptPym-Xn-cm]x ]rYnho
hniz-ky[mcn-Wo.
B ]c- {_ ]pcptjm- a \ncmImc\pw a\v C{n
b- apX-emb Ic- WkapZmb--fn\npw kYm
clnX\pw Bbncnpp Fncpmepw Fmw {]hn
p-Xn\p ka\pw BWv. Cu k in-am\mb
]c-{_-]pcptjm- a\n\npX- s krjv SnIme
{]mW, a\v (AxIc-Ww), kq C{n-b-
Chbpw BImiw, hmbp, tXPv , Pew Fm PohPme-
tfbpw hlnp ]rYzn Cu ]a-lm`qX- fpw Fmw
D-hnpp.
kw_w C{]Imcw Npcp-n ]c-ta-iz- c-\n
\npw kqv aXXzfpsS D- nsb- n ]dnv C\n
PKn `Khms hncmSv kzcq]w Zin-p-Xn-\p
{]Imc- ]dbpp
4. An-aq[m Npjo N{-kqcyu
Znix t{imt{X hmKv hnhr-Xm thZmx
hmbpx {]mtWm lrZbw hniz-aky
]Zv`ymw ]rYnho tlyj k`qXmcmm.
ap a{- - fn bmsXmcp ]c- ta- iz- c \ncmImc-kz- cq
]\mbn hn- s- ncnppthm AtlntXpX- s-
bmWv Cu {]Xy- ambn ImWs-Sp PKns hncmSv
kzcq]w. Cu hncmSv kzcq]w Atl- ns An AXm
bXv ZyptemIw akvX- Ihpw N{\pw kqcy\pw cpt\-{X-
fpw kakv X ZnpI I-fpw \m\mhn-[- -fmb
O- pI a{- fpsS cq]n hnkv XrXambncnp
\mep thZhmWn- Ifpw hmbp{]mW\pw kq- NcmNc-
PKv lrZbhpw ]rYzn Atl-ns ]mZfpw BIp
p. Cu ]c- {_ ]c- taizc kIe PohnIfptSbpw A-
cymanbmb ]c- ammhmIpp.
kw_w B ]c-ammhn\npw Cu NcmNc-P-K
ns Dn GsXmw {Ia--fn kw`hn-pp?
Cu {]iv \- n\v {]Imcmc- ambn PKZpXv ]nbpsS {Iaw
hnhcn- pp.
5. Xkvam-Znx kant[m bky kqcyx
tkmamXv ]\y Hmj[bx ]rYnhymw
]qam tcXx knpXn tbmjn-Xmbmw
_lzox {]Pmx ]pcp-jmXv kw{]kqXmx
]c- taizc Cu PKns\ krjv Sntmsgms kZm
Htc coXn- bn-embn-cpn. As\ \nb-ahpan Atlw
Ftm Fs\ kev]nppthm AtX{]Imcw AtX
{Ia-n PKv D-hn-pp. Cu `mhss
kv ]jvSamp- Xn\p ChnsS {]Imc hyXymktmSpIq
Snb krjvSn-bpsS D-nsb hnhcn-pp. ]c-{_
]pcptjm- a\n \npw k{]Yaambn Atl- ns
ANn-yin- bpsS Hcw- iamb ApXmKv\nXXzw Dm
bn. AXns kanp (C\v [\w) kqcy\mIpp; AXmbXv
kqcy_nw- _ns cq]n AXp Pzen- psImn-cn- p
p. AKv\nbn\npw N{- \pmbn, N{- \n\npw (kq
cycivanbn\npw kqvacq]tmSpIqSn nXnsNbvXn
cp Pen Aev ]w ioXfXbpmbXp Imc- Ww) taL
apmbn. taLn\npw hjw-aqew `qanbn \m\m
{]Imcnep Huj[nI Dmbn. B Huj[nIsf `n
Xn\npmb hocys ]pcpj Xs hnep
kv {Xobn Xfntm Ahfn\npw km\w Dmbn.
Cs\ ]c- a]pcpj\mb ]c- taizc- \n \npw Cu \m\m
{]Imc-nepap NcmNc- Pohn- I D-hn- p.
kw_- w- C- {]Imcw Fm PohnIfptSbpw D- n- {I
as hnhcnnv C\n AhbpsS Fm cbv pwthn
sNs- tS bmZnIfpw AhbpsS km[-\- Ifpw ^e
fpw AtX ]c-ta-iz-c-\n\npw {]IS-amIpp F
Imcyhpw ]db- s- Spp.
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83
6. Xkvam-ZrNx kma bPpwjn Zom
bm kth {IXthm Zn-Wm
kwh-c bP-am\ temIm
tkmtam b{X ]htX b{X. kqcyx
B ]c- taizc- \n\npXs EtKzZnse a{fpw
kmathZnse a{fpw bPpthZnse {ipXn- Ifpw
AXpt]mse bmZnI-fpsS Zobpw Fmhn[-
n- epap b- fpw {IXpfpw Ahbvp \evIs-
Sp Zn-WIfpw Atlw sNbvXn-cnp Cu kwh
- c- cq]amIp Imes Ahsb sNp- Xn\p A[n
Imcnbmb bP-am\- t\bpw AhbpsS ^ekz-cq]-fmb
kqcy\pw N{\pw {]IminpsImncnp temIfpw
Chsbmw Dmbncnpp.
kw_- w- C\n tZhmZnIfpsS hyXymkfpw Fm kZm
Nmc-fpw AtX-{_n\npw D-hn-p. AXns\
hnhcn- pp.
7. Xkvam tZhm _lp[m kw{]kqXmx
km[ym a\pjymx ]ithm hbmwkn
{]mWm]m\u {holn-bhu X]
{im kXyw {_-Ncyw hn[n-.
B ]c- {_ ]c-taizc- \n \npXs hkp, cp{Z
BZnbmbn At\Iw {]Imc- fnep tZhKW D-
hn- p. Atl-n\n-pXs km[yKWfpw ]ehn-
[-nep a\pjycpw hn`n PmXn arKfpw \m\mXcw
]nIfpw AXpt]mse apPohPmefpw Dmbn. Fm
ntbpw Pohcq]amb {]mW\pw A]m\\pw AXpt]mse
kIe PohnIfptSbpw Blmccq]- fmb ]ehn[ [ym\-
fpw Dmbn. Atl-n \np Xs X]w, `n,
kXyw, {_- Ncyw Ch {]ISambn. bmZn I
\Sp- Xn\p hn[nIfpw B ]ctaizc- \n \npXs
{]ISambn. Fmw Atl- n \npw D- hnp. Atlw
Xs AJnentbpw ImcWw Fp Xmev]cyw.
8. k]vX {]mWmx {]`hn XkvamXv
k]vXmnjx kan[x k]vX tlmamx
k]vX Cta temIm tbjp Ncn {]mWm
Kplmibm \nlnXmx k]vX k]vX.
AtX ]c- taizc- \n\npw Ggp {]mW\pw AXmbXv
hnjbsf {]IminnpXn\p hntijinbp Ggv
C{nb- I-, Xzv, t\{Xw, ck\, {]mW
AXpt]mse hmWnbpw a\pw a\- tmSpIqSnbp C{n
b-- fpsS tI, kv ]in- , izkn, kwkmcn
, a\\w sN C{]Imcap Ggp hrnIfpw AXm
bXv hnjbs {KlnnpXn\p inIfpw B C{n
b- - fpsS hnjbcq]-fmb Ggp kvanpIfpw B C{n
b--fpsS hnjb- cq]-fmb Ggp kan-pIfpw Ggp{]
Imc-a- -fn- ep lh\hpw AXmbXv _mlyhn- jb cq]
-fmb kan-pIfpsS C{nb cq]amIp An-bn
\nt- ]cq]{In-bbpw Cu C{n-b- - fpsS hmkm\-cq
]amb k]v X- temIfpw AXn hknnv Cu C{n-b- cq
]amIp k]v X{]mW AXmXnt- Xmb Imcy \nh
ln- pp. \n{Zmkabw a\-nt\mSpIqSn Hmbnv lrZb-
cq]amIp Kpl- bn ibn-psImn-cn-p Cu Ggn-
t-Xmb kapZmbw ]c-ta-iz-c-Zzmcm AJne Pohn-Ifnepw
m]n-s- ncn- pp.
kw_- w- C- {]Imcw BymnI hkvXp-fpsS Dev-
nbpw nXnbpw ]c- taizc- \n\npXs Fp {Kln
n- nv ]noSv PKns D-nbpw Atl-n\n-
pXs Fp ]dpsImv {]Ic- Ws D]kwl-cn
pp.
9. AXx kap{Zm Knc-b kth
kvamyt knhx khcq]mx
AX khm Hmj[tbm ck
tbss\j `qssXkvXn-jvTtX lycmm.
Cu ]c- ta-iz-c-\n \npw kakv X kap{Zfpw ]
X- fpw D- hnp. CXn\npw ]pd-s-v. At\-ImIrXn-
ItfmSpIqSnb \ZnI {]hlnpsImn- cn- pp. Ctl-
n\n-pXs ka- kvXHuj[n- Ifpw ckfpw D-
-ambncn- pp. Xmc-Wm ]pjvSamb icoc- -
fn AJnentbpw A\cmmhmb B ]c- taizc,
B Fm PohnIfptSbpw Bm-tfmSpw- IqSn AXmXpI
fpsS lrZb-- fn hkn-pp.
kw_-w- B ]c-taiz-c-\n \npw Fm D-hn-Xp
ImcWw Ahsbmw Xs Atl-ns kzcq]amIp
p. C{Xbpw ]dv Atls Adnbp- XpsImpm
Ip ^es {Kln-n-psImv Cu JWvUs kam
]nnpp
10. ]pcpj GthZw hnizw-I Xt]m{_ ]cm
ar-Xw. GXtZym thZ\n-lnXw Kplmbmw tkm
hnZym{Knw hnIn-cn-Xol tkmay.
X]v AXmbXv kwb- a- cq] km[- \, Iw AXmbXv
_mly km[-\- hgn- bmbn \S- s-Sp IrXyw, ]c- amarX
{_w Chsbmw ]c-a]pcpj ]pcptjm-a Xs-
bmIpp. {]nb- iu\I, lrZb- cq]amIp Kpl-bn Hfn-
n- cn- p A-cymanbmb Cu ]c- ta-iz- cs\ bmsXmcp
Xncn- - dn- bp- pthm Ah Cu a\p- jy- i- co- c-
ns AhnZymP\nXamb AxIc- Wns sIp
Isf XIpIfbpp. AXmbXv Fm {]Imcnepap
kwib--fnepw {`afnepw\np clnX-\mbn ]c-{_
]pcptjm- as\ {]m]npp.
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84
ZznXob Jw
1. Bhnx kw\n-lnXw KplmNcw \ma al-Xv]Za-
ss{X-X--anXw GP-Xv{]mW-n- an-j btZ
X- m\Y kZkZz-tcWyw ]cw hnPv Rm-\mZyZz-
cnjvTw {]Pm\mw.
kin-am\pw k\pw khym]nbpamb
]c- taizc {]Imicq]\mIpp. AJne PohPme- fpsS
AXyw kao]v AhcpsS lrZbcq]amIp Kpl-bn
Hfnn- cn- p Imc-WwsImpXs Atlw Kp]vX- N
c F-t]cn {]kn--\mbn- on-cn-pp. F{X-
am{Xw Cf-IpXpw Nen-pXpw izknpXpw I- S-
bv pXpw Xpd-p- Xpamb Pohn-Ifptm Ahsb-m
n-tbpw kapZmbw Cu ]c-ta-iz-c-\ns nXn-
sNpp. AJn- en- tbpw A{ib- m\w Cu ]c-m
hmIp- p. \n Ct-ls Adn- bphn. Ctlw
kpw Akpw AXmbXv Imcyhpw Imc-ahpw AXp
t]mse {]IShpw A{]IShpw FmamIpp. Fm hn[-
nepw hc- WtbmKyhpw AXyw t{ijvThpw XYm ka-
kvXPohnIfptSbpw _pnv Apdhpw BIpp; AXm
bXv _pnZzmcmAPvtR- b-amIpp.
kw_-w- AtX ]c- {_ ]c-ta-iz-csc XXzs a\-
n-emp--Xn-\pthn hopw Atl-ns kzcq
]s ap hmpIfnqSn hn- pp
2. bZn- a- Zy- Wpt`ymWp N bkv anw- tmIm
\nlnXm temIn- \- . XtZX- Zcw {_ k
{]mW- kv X- Zp- hm- Mv a\x XtZ- X- Xyw XZ- arXw
XtZz-hyw tkmayhn-n.
bmsXmcp ]c- {_- ]c-ta-iz-c AXyw tZZo]yam\
{]Imicq]amIppthm bmsXmp kqva- nepw AXn
kqv a-am-bn-cn- ppthmam\ {]mImicq]amIppthm
bmsXmp kqv anepw AXnkqaambncnppthm
bmsXmn kakv XtemIfpw AXpIfnse Fm Poh
Pmefpw nXn-sNppthm AXmXXv Chsbmw
bmsXmns\ B{ibnncnppshm AXpXs Fmn
tbpw Poh ZmXmhmb {]mW, AXpXs Fmn-
tbpw hmWnbpw a\kvkpw AXmbXv AJn-eP-Kn-
tbpw C{n- b- fpw AxIc- Wcq]n {]IS- ambn- cn
p- Xpw. AXpXs ]c- a- c- kXyhpwAarXhpw Ahn\m
inbmb XXzhpw BIpp. {]nb-s iu\I, t`Zn-s-
Sphm tbmKyamb B eys \o t`Znp,A-XmbXv
C\n ]db-sSp {]Imc- -fnqSn km[- \- sNbvXv X-
b- ambnocp.
kw_-w- -eys t`Zn-p-Xn\v Apw hnpw
thWw. AXn\m Cu cq]Ins ]q-Xbv pthn
Fm kma{KnItfbpw hnpp.
3. [\pKr-loXzu]\n-jZw alm{kw
icw lyp]m-km\n-inXw kw[-boX
Bbay XZv `mhKtX\ tNXkm
eyw XtZhmcw tkmay hnn.
F{]Imcw Hcp _mWs eynte-b- p- Xn-
\papmbn AXns ap\sb NmWbn Dcp aqIqp
Ibpw AXn-tep XpcppI Fmw Ifv DPvPz-
ebpw Xnfhpw D- Xmn- opIbpw sNppthm
AtX-{]Imcw Xs B-cq]amIp ics D]mk\-
Zzmcm \nehpw iphpamn AXns\ {]Whcq]amIp
[\pkv kn \mbn sXmSpphn-SWw; AXmbXv Bm
hns\ {]Whns DmcWnepw AXns Acq
]amb ]c-amXva-Nnbnepw kaymb-hn[-n hym]r-
X-am- Ww. AXn-\ptijw bmsXmcp-hn-[-n [\p-
kvkns\ kinItfmSpIqSn henp _mWs ey
n- te- p- hn- Sp- pthm Xm- c- W- m AXn\p
eys ]q-ambpw t`Zn-phm Ign-bpp. AtX-
{]ImcwXs ChnsS `mh]qNn- tmSpIqSn HmwIm
c- ns Dm- cWw AXy- [nIw \onbpw AXns
As {]KmVambn kpZoLImew Nnn-p-
Xn\pw ]db- s- ncn- pp. AXpsImv Bmhv \nn- X-
cq]tmSpIqSn Ahn\minbmb ]cammhn {]thinp
Ibpw AXpambn XmZmyw {]m]nv AhnNenXn {]m]n
pIbpw sNpw. HmwImc- ns t{]a-]q-ambp
Dmc- Whpw AXpt]mse AXns Acq]amb ]c- am
mhns {]KmVamb Nnbpw Atls {]m]np-
Xn- \p ktm- a- amb D]mb-amIpp.
kw_w ]qa-{-n]d cq]Is ChnsS
kv ]jv Sampp.
4. {]Wthm [\px itcm lymm {_
Xy-ap- NytX
A{]a-t\ thhyw ic-h-tbm `thXv.
apIfn ]d cq]In ]c- taizcs hmNIamb
{]Whw (HmwImcw) [\ppw Cu Pohmmhp icochpw
]c- {_ ]c-taiz- c eyhpw BIpp. X]c-X-tbm
SpIqSn Atls D]mkn-p km[- I hgn-bmbn
am{Xta B eyw t`Zn- s- Sphm km[nppq. AXn
\m tl tkmay, \n\p ]qtm- amb cq]n B
eys t`Znp _mWt- tmseXs AXn X- b-
ambn-o-c-Ww.
kw_-w- hopw ]c-ta-iz-cs kzcq]s hn-p
sImv {]amZc- lnX\pw hnc-\pambn AXns\ {Klnp
-Xn\pthn {ipXn ]dbpp.
5. bkv an Zyux ]rYnho Nmcn
tamXw a\x kl {]mssW kssx
I K
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85
Xta-sshIw Pm\Y Bm\-a\ym
hmtNm hnapYmar- Xsskyj tkXpx.
bmsXmcp ]c- {_ ]cammhn kzhpw ]rYznbpw
AhbpsS CSbvp kq BImihpw AXpt]mse
kakvX {]mW\pw C{n-b- bp-amb a\pw _pn-cq]
amb AxIc- Whpw Fmw DuSpw]mhpw t]msebmIpp,
AtX GI kmmhmb ]c- ta-iz-cs\ \o ]qtm-
amb D]mb-Zzmcm Adn-bq. asm Imcy-tf-bpw, {Kmay
NIsf, kYm Dt]np Ifbq. Chsbmw \ns
km[- \-Ip XS--fmIpp. AXn-\m AhtbmSp
kYm hnc- - \mbn km[-\- Ifn X- c- \mbnocpI.
CXpXs AarX- ns ]mew AXmb-Xv, kwkmc- kap{Z
nqSn A-sc-ISv Aar-X-kz-cq]amb ]c-amm
hns\ {]m]np- Xn\p ]mew.
kw_w hopw ]c- ta-iz-cs kzcq]s hnp
sImv AXns {]m]vXn-mbp km[- \-Isf- n ]dbp
p.
6. Acm Ch cY-\m`u kwlXm b{X \mUyx
k GtjmctX _lp[m Pmb-am\x
Hman-tXyhw [ymbY Bm\w
kzkvXn hx ]mcmb Xakx ]c-kvXmXv.
F{]Imcw cY-N{Ins tI{- n IWmepI
LSn-n-n-cn-ppthm AtX-{]Imc-n ico-c-ns
Fm \mUnIfpw bmsXmcp lrZb- n GI{X nXam
bncnppthm AtX lrZbn \m\m cq]- fn {]I
Samp ]c-{_]c-ammhv A- cymancq]n hkn
pp. Chsb-mn- tbpw Bmhv ]pcptjm- as
"Hmw' Imc- ns Dmc- WtmSpIqSn \nc- c- ambn [ym\n
psImp hknq. C{]Imcw ]c- ammhns HmwImc-P
]hpw AXns A`qX-amb ]c-ammhns\ [ym\n-p
sImv hknp- Xn\npw \n B ]c- ammhns\
{]m]n- p- hm kacm-bn- ocpw. bmsXm- cp
Am-\m-Imc-n\npw kYm AXoX- \mbpw
kwkm- c- km- K- c- ns A- scbpw Bbn- cn- pw.
"\np awKf-apmIs' C{]Imcw BNmcy D]
cyp hn[n- Ifm km[\ A\pjvTn-p injymsc
BioZnpp.
kw_w hopw ]c-ta-iz-cs kzcq]ss
hnpp.
7. bx kx khhnZv bsskyj
aln-am-`qhn
Znthy {_-]ptc tlyj thymav \ymm
{]Xn-jvTnXx
at\m-abx {]mWicoc-t\Xm
{]XnjvTn tXmt lrZbw kw\n-[n-bmb
XZzn-mt\\ ]cn-]iyn [ocm
B\--cq]a-arXw bZv hn`mXn.
bmsXmcp ]c{_w ]ctaizc k\pw Fm
a-dn-bp-h\pw Fm`mKpap Fmnt\bpw \m
bndn- bp- h\pw BIpp, AXmbXv tZiIme At
l- ns m\- insb _m[npn. Atl- ns
B- cyalna PKn {]XyamWv . AJnen- tbpw
Bmhmb ]c-ta-iz-c ]c-a-thymaw F \ma-m
{]kn--amb ZnhymImicq]amb {_-temIn kzcq
]- hm- \mbn nXn- sN- p- p. Fm Pohn- I- fp- tSbpw
{]mW\pw icochpw \nb-{n-psImn-cn- p Cu ]c- ta
iz-c a\-n hym]n-n-cn-p-XpsImv at\ma-b
Fp hnfn- s- Spp. Fm PohnIfptSbpw lrZb- Ia-e
n\m{ibw \In-smv A-a-b-amb qei-coc-
n {]Xnjv Tn-X- \mbncnpp. B\- - a- b-\mbn Ahn- \m
in-bmbn k{X {]Imin-psImn-cn-p B ]c-{_
s _pn-ammcmb BfpI hnm\w hgnbmbn
{]XysSpnsmn-cn-p- p.
kw_- w- C\n ]c- ammhns m\- ^ew ]dbpp.
8. `nZytX lrZb-{Kn ivOnZyt
k- kw-ibmx
obt Nmky ImWn XkvanZrjvtS
]cmh- tc.
ImcyImcW kzcq]\mb B ]cam ]pcptjm- as
XXzs {KlnpXn\pta, Cu PUicocss
X-fpsS kzcq]sap hniz-kn-p PohnIfpsS lrZ
b- nse AhnZymcq]amb sI- gnp t]mIpp. am{X- a-
, AhcpsS Fm kwib-fpw Apt]mIbpw kakv X
ip`mip`Ifpw \inpIbpw sNpp. AXmbXv
B Pohn Fm _-\- -fn \npw ap-\mbnv ]c- am
\-kz- cq]\mb ]c-taizcs\ {]m]npp.
kw_w B ]c- {_-ns m\w, kzcq]w, alna
Chsb hnpp.
9. lncatb ]tc tImti hncPw
{_ \njvIew
Xvip{`w tPymXnjmw tPymXn-kvXZyZm-
hntZmhnZpx
\ne\pw \nn-Imc\pw Ahb-hc-ln-X\pw Bb
AJ- Wv U]c- ammhv {]Imiab- amb ]c- am[- an hncm
Pn- pp. Atlw kYm hnip\pw Fm {]Imibp
- - fmb ]Zm- fpSbpw {]Imihpw BIpp. At
ls B- m\nIfmb almm am{Xw Adnbpp .
10. \ X{X kqtcym `mXn \ N{-XmcIw
t\am hnZyptXm `mn ItXmbanx
Xtah `ma-\p`mXn khw
Xky `mkm kanZw hn`mXn.
I K
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86
B kzbw{]Imiw ]c- am\ kzcq]\mb ]c- taizcs
kao]w kqcy {]Imin-pn-. kqcy{]Imkn
anman- \pns {]Imkw ep]vX- ambn- ocp- Xpt]mse
kqcytX- Ppw B Akoa-tXPkv kns apn \njv{]`
ambn-o-cpp. N{\pw XmcmKW-fpw hnZyppw
AhnsS {]Im- in- p- n- , ]ns Cu temI- nse
AnbpsS Imcyw Fn\p ]dbpp. FpsImsm
{]IrXPKn {]Imi kz`mhtmSpIqSnb- X- Xz--sf-
mw-Xs ]c- {_ ]c-ta- iz- cs {]Im-i-in- bpsS
Awis e`nnp{]Iminpp. Ahbvv XfpsS {]Im
iIsc kao]w X- fpsS {]Imiw Fs\ hym]nnp
hm Ignbpw? Cu kq- PKv PKZmXmamhmb ]pcp
tjm- as {]Imin\npw AYhm {]Imins
Hcp p{ZmwkwsImp {]Iminp sImn-cnpp.
""{_ss- th-Za-arZw ]pc-kvXmZv{_ ]m
Zv{_lv a ZnWX-tm- tcW
A[tm[zw N {]krXw {_lvssa-thZw
hniz-anZw hcn-jvTw.
Cu a{n ]c-ammhns khym]IXbpw
kcq]Xbpw {]Xn]mZn- - sn-cn- pp. Cu Aa-c-cq]
\mb ]c-{_ ]c-ammhpXs apnepw ]nnepw
CSpw hepw Dnepw ]pdpw apIfnepw Xmsgbpw
k{X hym]n- n- cnpp. Cu hniz{_lv amns
cq]n Cu kt{ijv T {_lv aw ImWs-psImn-
cn- pp.
XrXob- apWvUIw
{]Y- aImWvUw
1. Zzm kp]m kbpPm kJmbm
kam\w hrw ]cn-jkz-PmtX
Xtbmc-\ymx]n- ew kzmZz-y
\iv\-t\ym A`n-NmI-ioXn.
KoX-bn F{]Imcw PKns\ Aiz--hr-ambn
hn- s-ncnppthm AtX- {]Imcw Xs Cu a{-
n icocs hShrambpw Pohmmhnt\bpw ]c-
ammhnt\bpw ]nbpsS cq]ambpw hnncn- pp.
CXpt]mse Xsbp h\w ItTm]\njnepw Kpl-
bn {]hn- jvS-amb {]Imihpw Ombbpw F t]cn
hnpv. Bibw cp- epw {]mtbW HpXs.
Cu a\pjyicocw hrwt]msebmIpp. Cuiz-c\pw
Pohmmhpw kZm Hn- phknp cp Iqp]n- I
fmIpp. Ah icoc-cq]amIp Cu hrn Hn-
pXs lrZb- cq]amIp s]mn \nhkn- pp. Cu
cn Hmb Pohmmhv B hrns ^ecq]amb
kzw I^- esf AXmbXv {]mc-_v[m\pkc- Wambn
{]m]vX-- fmIp kpJ- ZpxJ- sf BkntbmSpw hntZz
jtmSpwIqSn A\p`hnpp. ASpXp Cuizc B
I^- e- tfmSpwIqSn A\p`hnpp. ASpXp Cuiz
c B I^- e-tfmSv bmsXmcp {]Imc-nepw tei
am{Xambntmepw _w]pemsX tIhew IpsIm
pam{X- ancn- pp.
2. kamt\ hrt ]pcptjm \natm
\oibm timNXn aplyam\x
PqjvSw bZm ]iyXy\yaoi
aky aln-am\-anXn hoXtimIx.
t\cs hn- s- ncp icoc- cq]amIp Htc- hr
n lrZbmIp amfn hkn- p Cu Pohm
mhv XtmSpIqSn hknp ]c-a-kplr-mb ]c- ta-
izcs\ t\mmsXbpw icoc- ns Bk-\mbn
AXns \na\mbn AXmbXv icoc- tmSv At`Zy
amb aaX]pen AXphgn e`yamIp t`mKkpJ- sf
A\p`hnpsImncnp- Xphsc Akacq]amb Zo\-
X-bn tamln-X-ambn \m\m {]Imc-n-ep ZpxJ-sf
A\p`hn-psImn-cn-p-p. `Kh Ir]bm Xn
\npw `nhpw \nXyhpw Xs kao]pXs hknp
-h\pw ]c-a- klr-Zb\pw ]c- a-{]n-b\pw `-m-cm
tkhn- X-\pamb Cuiz-c-t\bpw PKn `n-`n- coXn- I
fn {]ISambnsmn- cnp Atl- ns B-cy
a- bn-bmb aln-a-tbbpw {]Xy- am-b-\p`hn-ptm
Ah XWw Xs timIc-lnX\mbn- ocpp.
kw_w Cuizc-kz-cq]s hn-psImv At
ls Xncn- dnbp- XpsImpmIp ^es hn
pp.
3. bZm ]iyx ]iytX cpIva-hw
Im-caoiw ]pcpjw {_-tbm-\nw.
XZm hnZzm ]pWy]mt] hn[qb
\ncRv P\x ]caw kmayap-ss]Xn.
ap ]d coXnbn ]c- taizc- s B- cya-bnbmb
aln-a- bpsS t\tc ZrjvSn-]XnnpsImv Atl- n- \-`n-
apJ-ambn-tmIp Pohmmhv AJn-en-tbpw \nb-
mhpw {_mhns t]mepw BZn-Imc-W\pw kq
PKns\ krjv Sn- h\pw Bb Znhy{]Imi kzcq] ]c-a
]pcpj]c- taizcs\ kmmXv- cnptm Ah Xs
]pWy]m]Isf kaqew \innv Ahbn\npw
kYm _-c-ln-X-\mbn ]c-a-\ne\mbn ]c-a-]pcp
js\ {]m]npp.
4. {]mtWm tlyj bx k`qssXhn-`mXn
hnPm-\ hnZzm `htX \mXn-hmZo
B-{IoU B-cXnx {Inbmhm
t\j {_-hnZzmw hcnjvTx
I K
N P
87
khym]n-bmb Cu ]c-ta-iz-cXs AJn-en-
tbpw {]mW\mIpp; icoc- ns Fm tNjvS- Ifpw
{]mW aqew kw`hn-p-Xpt]mseXs hniz-n
Fmw Cu ]c- ammhns in-sImp kw`hnpsIm
n- cnpp. Fm PohnIfnepw Atl- ns {]Imiw
Dv . Atlhpw B Pohn- IfnIqSn {]Imin- psImn-
cn-pp. Cu kwKXn {Kln-np m\nIfmb `-
m Hcnepw Al- mctmSpIqSn s]cpamdpn. Fp
sImsm Ahs Dn khym]I\mb B ]c-
taizcs in nXnsNpp F- h\- dnbpp. ]ns
Ahs\- n-\- l- cn- pp? Ah\mIs temI\- -bvp
thn `KhZmm\pkcWw Xs hm{ia- n- \p
Iqeambnp Isf A\pjvTnpsImv Fmn-
tbpw Bmhmb Acyman `Khm\n {IoUn- pp.
Ah kZm `Khm\pambn can-psImn-cn-pp. C-
s\bp `KhZv` {_m\nIfn AXnt{ijvT\m
Ipp. KoXbnepw hmkptZhcq]s Zinp m\n
Ifmb `- msc almm Fp ]db-s- Spp.
kw_w B ]c- ammhns {]m]vXnp km[\Isf
hnhcnpp
5. ktXy\ e`ykvX]km tlyj Bm
kayKv mt\\ {_-NtcyW\nXyw
Ax-icotc tPymXntbm ln ipt{`m
bw ]iyn-b-Xbx oWtZmjmx.
AJn- en-tbpw ico-cm`mKp, lrZb- n,
hncmPn-psImn-cn-p ]c- a-hn-ip\pw {]Imiamb
m\- kzcq]\pamb ]c- {_ ]c- ammhns\ Fm tZmj
-fn\npw cln-X-\mb {]b-Xv\-ioe\mb km[-I\p
am{Xta Adn- bphm km[nq. kZm kXy`mjWw X]-
cy, kwb-aw, kzmXymKw, {_-Ncy]me\w Chbn
\np- amIp bYm m\w hgnam{Xta B ]c-
ammhns\ {]m]nphm Ignbppq. CXns\mw hncp
- ambn bmsXmcp t`mK- fn Bk- \mbpw t`mK
-fpsS {]m]vXnpthn \m\mhn[- nep anYym`mj
W \S- nbpw Bkn-him \nb- a-{]Imc-ap
Xs hocys cn-phm Ign- hnmsXbpw Ign- bp
kzm]cmb- W\mb AhnthIn a\pjy B ]c- amm
hns\ A\p`hnpn. FpsImsm Ah At
ls Binp-tXbn- .
kw_-w- -]qav\-tm--fmb km[- \-Ifn kXy
ns alna hnhcn- pp.
6. kXytah PbXn \m\rXw
ktXy\ ]m hnXtXm tZh-bm\x
tb\m-{I-a-r-jtbm lym]vX- Imam
b{X XXv kXyky ]caw \n[m\w.
kXyw hnP-bn-pp; Iw hnP-bn-pn-. ]c-am
mhv kXykzcq]\mIpp. AXn\m Atls {]m]n
p-Xn\v a\pjycn kXys {]Xn-jvTn-Ww Fp
Xm-cyw. ]c-ammhns\ {]m]n- p-Xn\v kXyw A\n-
hmcyamb Hcp km[-\- bmWv . AXpt]mse temIn ap
Imcy-fnepw kXyw al-mbn hnP- bn-pp. anYym`m
jWw, Zw`v, Im]Syw Ch sImv D-Xnsb B{Klnp
-h Ahkm\w \ncmicmbn-ocpp. anYym`m- jWw,
anYymNcWw Ch kXyns ad- hn \SpXpsImv
Nne Ahbn GXmp kXyns Awiapsp
hniz-kn-p-p. AXn\npw Ahv Wn-Iamb
Aev]kzev]w em`w DmIpIbpw sNpp. Fm
AXns ]cnWmaw ip`ambncnpn. Ahkm\w kXyw
kXyambpw Ifhp If-hmbpw Xs Ahtijn-pp.
AXn-\m _pn-amm kXy`mjWtbpw kZmNmc-
tbpw kzmb- - ampp. FpsImsm t`mKhm
k\- I \jv Ss aljnKW ISpt]mb amw
FhnsS Ahkm\nn- cn- ppthm AhnsS ]ca [ma- amb
]cammhv nXnsNpp. AXv ]ca tZh ]c- ammhns\
{]m]n-p-Xn- \p km[- \mcq]hpw kXym ]cn-
]q- hpamb tZhbm\-am- amIpp. AXn AkXy`m
jWhpw, Zw`pw Im]Syhpw Bb AkZmNWp
m\-an.
kw_- w- - D]cyp- - fmb km[-\IfnqSn {]m]yam
- Ip ]c-ammhns kzcq]s hopw hnpp
7. _rl XZv Znhya-Nn-ycq]w
kqvam Xqva-Xcw hn`mXn
ZpcmXv kpZqtc XZn-lmntI N
]iyzn sslh \nlnXw Kplmbmw.
]c-{_-]c- am-mhv Fm-n- t\mfpw alm\pw
Znhy\pw AeuIn-I\pw ANny kzcq]\pw BIpp;
AXmbXv Atl- ns kzcq]w a\- phgn Nnn- -s-
Sphm Ignbp-X-. AXn\m ]c-ammhns\ {]m]np
- Xn\v a\pjy {i- tbmSpw `ntbmSpwIqSn ]qIYnX
amb km[- \- Ifn hym]rX- cmbncn- Ww. B ]c- ammhv
ANn- y\pw AXpt]mse kqvanXmkqvahpw Bbncp
npw km[-Is lrZb- n Xs kzcq]s kzbw
{]Imin-n-pIbpw sNpp. ]c-ammhv k{X ]cn-
]q\mIpp. Atlw Cm Hcpm\hpw HcnSpw
Ahtijn- pn. AXn- \m \mw Fhn- Sw- hsc Zqcs
Adn-bppthm Atlw AXn-\-pdhpw \psS Ghpw
kao]pw Dnsbpw hncmPnpsImn-cn-pp.
Fn- \- [nIw, ImWphcnsemw Xs AhcpsS lrZb-
kz-cq]amIp Kpl- Ifn Atlw Hfnn-cn-pp.
AXpsImv Atls At\zjnp asmcnSp t]mtI
Bhiyan.
I K
N P
88
8. \ NpjmKr-lytX \m]n hmNm
\mss\ytZ sshkvX-]km IWm hm
m\-{]kmtZ\ hnip-kXz
kvXXkvXp Xw ]iytX \njvIew [ymbam\x
B ]c-{_s a\pjyv IpIfm Zin-p
hm km[ya; am{X-a-, hmWn apX-emb an-{n-b-
aqehpw Atlw {Kln- s- Spn. AXpt]mse \m\mhn
[- n- epap X]--cyIfmtem I-fmtem At
ls {]m]nphm km[np- X. Ahb- hc- lnX\pw
]c-a-hn-ip-\pamb B ]c- ammhns\- bmIs a\pjy
Fm t`mKkpJ-- fnepw \np apJw Xncnv , B{Kl- c- ln
X\mbn hnip-amb AxIcWw hgn- bmbn \nc- c- ap
[ym\wsImv m\- ns \neXbn IqSn Zinp
hm Ign- bpp. AXn- \m B ]c-ammhns\ {]m]n- p
hm Bsc-nepw B{Kln- pp Fn Ah kwkm
c- t`m- K- - fn\npw kYm hnc- - \m- bn, Fm
A`nemjfpw XyPnv GIam{X\mb ]c- {_ ]c- amm
hns {]m]n- p- - Xn\v At- l- ns Nn-
bns \nacmbn- cn--Ww.
kw_w C\n B ]cnip ]c-ammhv Fm lrZb-
-fnepw hknpp. Fm Fm Pohn- Ifnepw At
ls FpsImdnbpn? ip- amb AxIcWtm
SpIqSnb a\pjy F- dnbpp? CtXn hnhcnpp .
9. GtjmWpcmm tNXkm thZn-Xthym
bkv an {]mWmx ][m kwhn-thi
{]mssWnw ktamXw {]Pm\mw
bkv an hnipt hn`htXyj Bm.
bmsXmcp icoc- n {]mW, A]m\, hym\,
kam\, DZm\ Cu ApcoXnIfnep {]mW {]th
inp {]hnpsImn- cnppthm AtX icoc- ns
Dn lrZb-ns ay`mKmbn mXrcq]n
Adnb- s- Sp Cu kqvaamb Pohmmhpw hknpp.
Fm Fm PohnIfptSbpw Fm Ax Ic-Wfpw
{]mWt\mSpIqSn tbmPnp hnpp; AXmbXv Cu
{]mWt\bpw C{nb- - tfbpw Xr]v Xns- Spp- Xn\pm
bnp \m\m{]Imcnep t`mKhmk\Ifm aen\hpw
p_v[- hpambnsmncnpp. Cmc-Wm Fm
a\pjypw ]c- ammhns\ Adn- bphm km[npn.
AxIcWw hnip-ambn--gn-m Pohmmhv Fm
{]Imc- nepw kaambnocpp. AXn-\m t`mK-
fn\npw hnc- -\mbn ]c-am Nnbn apgpInbn- cn-
pp Fn Atm Atls {]m]nphm km[n
pp. adnv t`mKm`nemjfn Bk- ambn- cnpp
Fn B{Klnp t`mKsf {]m]npp.
10. bw bw temIw a\km kwhn-`mXn
hnip-kzx Ima-btX bmw Imam
Xw Xw temIw PbtX Xmw Imamw
kvXkvamZm w lytbZv `qXn-Imax
hnip- amb AxIc- WtmSpIqSnb a\pjy t`mK
- fn\npw kYm hnc-- \mbn \neamb Ax-
Ic- WtmsS \nc- c- ambn ]c- {_ ]c- ta-iz- cs\ [ym\n
p-p-shn Atm Atls {]m]n-phm
Ah\p Ignbpp. Fm Ah kYm \njv ma\m
bn-cn-pn-sn Fsmw temIm`n-emj-sf-n
Nnn- ppthm A{]Imcw GsXmw t`mKsf Cnp
pthm AXmXn- t-Xmb temIsf PbnS- pp, B
temIfn t]mhpIbpw AhnSp t`mKsf {]m]np
Ibpw sNpp. AXn\m sFizcys A`nejnp
a\pjy icoc-n\npw `n-ambn Bmhns\ Adn-
bp AxIc- Wbp- amb hnthI ]pcpjs\ tkhnp
Ibpw kev- cnpIbpw sNs. FpsImsm
Ah X\npthnbpw ap- hpthnbpw Fsmw
B{Klnpphthm AXv ]qambn `hnpp.
ZznXo- b- JWvUw
kw_w ]q{]Ic- Wn hnipmxIcWtm
SpIqSnb km[- Is Ign-hns\ hn-p-Xn-\pthn
kwKXn-him A`n-emj]qn-bpsS Imcyw ]dtb-
Xmbn hp. AXpsImp \njv ma`mhs {]iwknpw
kIma`mhs \nn- pwsImv hopw {]IcWw Bcw-
`np- p.
1. k sshssZXXv ]caw {_-[ma
b{X hnizw \nlnXw `mXn ip{`w
D]mktX ]pcpjw tb lyIm-a
kvtX ip{ItaX ZXn-hn [ocmx
Cs\ bmsXmcp-\n Cu kq-amb PKv
nXn-sNpp F {]XoXn- bpmIppthm B ]c-a-
hnip-\pw {]Imka-b-[m-a- kz- cq]-\pamb ]c-{_]c-am
mhns\ kakv Xt`mK- fnepap A`nemjsf shdp
pt]nv \nc-cw Atls [ym\np Ign-bp
km[-I a\- n-empp. bmsXmcp B ]c-amm
hns\ D]mknp Ignbppthm G{Iam{X\mb Atls-
s B{Klnppthm Ah ]q- \njv ma\mbn
- gnbpp F Imcyw \n- b- amIpp. bmsXmcphn[- n
epap A`n-emjfnepw Ahs a\v Ipcppn- .
AXn\m Ah Cu ctPmabicocs XyPnp Ignbp
p. Ah\p ]p\w DmIpn. AXn\m Ahs\
_pn- ams\p ]d-bpp. FpsImsm bmsXmcp
kmc-hkv Xphn\pthn Akmc-hkvXpsf XyPn-
ppthm Ah _pnam\mIpp.
kw_w C\n kIma ]pcpjs\ \nn-psImv apI
fn ]dnp kwKXn kv ]jv S- ampp.
I K
N P
89
2. Imam bxIm-a-btX a\yam\x
k Ima-`n PmbtX X{X X{X
]cym]v X- Im-aky IrXm--\-kvXzn
sslh kth {]hn-eobn Imamx.
bmsXm- cp- t`mKsf BZ- cn- p- p- hthm
bmsXmcps Zrjv Sn- bn Cu temIntebpw ]c-tem
In-tebpw t`mK kpJ-tl-XpIf- - fm-bn- cn-p
pthm Ah t`mKsf A`nejnpIbpw \m\m{]Im
c- nep B{Kl- Imc-Wam-bn-s Fhn-sS-
sbmw t`mK e`yamIphm km[n-ptam Ahn-sS-
sbmw Im\pkcWw P\npIbpw sNpp. Fm
bmsXmcp `Khms\s B{Kln-ppthm Cu
PKns kpJ-t`mKsf shdptmSpIqSn hon- pI
gn-bppthm B hnip-amb AxIc-WtmSpIqSnb
`s Fm A`nemjfpw Cu icoc- nXs hneo
\- ambnocpp. kz]v\ntmepw Ahs ZrjvSn t`mK
- fpsS t\tc Dbcpn- . X^-eambn Ah\p ac- Wm\-
cw \ho\ Pw kzoIcn-t-Xmbn hcpn-. Ah
`Khms\ {]m]np P\- \- acW _- \- - fn \npw kZm
ap- \mbnocpp.
kw_w Ign cp a{fnembn `Khms ]c- a
{]nb-cmb bmsXmcp `-mscn hnn- cn- ppthm
Ahv ]c- ammhmb ]c{_ ]pcptjm- a Zi\w
\Ip Imcyw C\n hnhcnpp.
3. \mb-amm {]h-Nt\\ et`ym
\ ta[bm \ _lp\m {iptX\
btasshj hrWptX tX\ e`y
kvXsskyj Bm hnhr-WptX X\pw kzmw.
bmsXmcp imkv {X- se ]Tn- nv Bthi]q-
amb {]`mjW- fnqSn ]cam- X- Xzs \m\m{]Im
c-n hnppthm B X-ioe\mb _pnam\v
Atls e`n-pn-. bmsXmcp _pn-am\m
sW Al- mc- m {]a\mbn X- hgn hnth
N\w \Sn Atls a\-n-emp-Xn\p {ian-p
pthm Ah\pw Atls a\-nemphm Ignbpn
. AXpt]mse Xs ]c- am- hnjbn hfsc-b-[nIw
tIpIbpw {in-pIbpw sNbvXnph\pw At
ls {]m]n- phm Ign- bpn- . bmsXm-cp- s\
Atlw kzbw kzoIcn-ppthm Ah\v Atls
{]m]n- phm Ign- bpp. bmsXmcp Atls
{]m]np- Xn\v DXv- Samb CtbmSpIqSnbncnppthm
bmsXmcp\v Atl-s-IqSmsX Pohn- phm km[y
a-mXncn- ppthm Atlw Ahsc- s kzoIcn- p
p. bmsXmcp Xs _pn-tbbpw km[- \Itfbpw
B{ibnmsX Atl- ns Ir]sb am{Xw {]Xonp
Ignbppthm A- s\- bp Ir]m\n`c- \mb km[Is
ta ]c- ammhv Ir]bp- h\mbn Xs tbmKamb-bpsS
ad- hen- pamn Ahs apn Xs kzcq]w {]Xys-
SpnmWn- pp.
4. \mb-amm _elot\\ et`y
\ N {]am-Zm-]tkm hm]yen-MvKm-Xv.
GssX- cp]mssbb-XtX bkv Xp hnZzmw
kvXsskyj Bm hnitX {_-[ma.
Cu {]Ic- Wn ]dncnp AJnentbpw
B-cq]amb ]c{_ ]c- taizcs\ D]mk\m_eanm
a\pjy\p {]m]nphm Ignbpn. kakv X t`mK- tfm
Spap Bibpt]nv GIam{X-\mb ]c-ammhns
D-S- amb A`nemjtmSpIqSn \nc- cw hnip- `mh
tmSpIqSn Xs CjvS- tZhs\ Nnn-pXv D]mk\m
_es k-bn- -emIpp. C{]Imc-ap _em
clnX\mb- h\v Atls e`npn. CXpt]mseXs
Ihy XymKcq]amIp {]amZw-sImpw Atlw
{]m]y\- mXmbnocpp. AXpt]mse kmXznIeW-
fm cln- X- amb kwbacq]X- ]psImv Hcp km[- I\p
{]m]n- p- hm Ign- bp- n- . Fm _pn- am- \mb
km[I ]qtm- - fmb D]mb--fnIqSn ]cn- {ian-
v, AXmbXv {]amZc- lnX\mbn D- Samb A`nemjtm
SpIqSn \nc-cw B ]c-ta-iz-cs\ D]mkn-ppthm
Ahs Bmhv ]c- {_- ]c- ammhn {]thin- pp.
kw_w ap]d coXnbn ]c-ammhns\ {]m]n
n- p alm]pcpjmcpsS al- Xzs hnpp.
5. kw{]mss]y\-ar-jtbm m\-Xr]vXmx
IrXmmt\m hoX- cmKmx {]immx
tX kKw khXx {]m]y [ocm
bpmm\x kta-hm-hn-in.
hnip- amb AxIc- WtmSpIqSn- b- hcpw kYm
Bknc- lnXcpamb aljnKWw apsNm coXnbn
Cu ]c-{_ ]c-ta-iz-cs\ \mbn {]m]n-nv m\-
m Xr]v Xcmbnocpp. Ahp bmsXmcphn[-n
epap A`mhntbpw t_m[w DmIpn-. Ch
]q- Imamcpw ]caimmcpambn Pohnpp. Ah
X- ms\ ]cammhpambn _sv Atls Fm
`mKp\npw {]m]np \nXy{_- n ]q- ambn {]hn
jv S- amIpp.
kw_w C{]Imcw ]c-ammhns\ {]m]n alm]pcp
j-mcpsS aln- asb hn--tijw {_-tem- In-
tebvp t]mbnp alm]pcpjmcpsS apnsb hn
pp.
6. thZm hnm\ kp\n-n-Xmmx
kymktbmKmZv bXbx ip-kzmx
tX {_-temtIjp ]cmImte
]cmarXmx ]cn-ap-Nyn kth.
I K
N P
90
bmsXmcp thZm imkv{Xs kayIv m\-
Zzmcm AXns A- kz- cq- ]- amb ]c- am- m- hns\
\mbpw ZrVambpw a\- nemppthm XYm I^- e
n- tbpw Im-kn-bptSbpw XymK-cq]-tbmKcq]
tmSpIqSn bmsXmcps AxIcWw XnIpw ip-
ambnocppthm A- s\- bp {]b-Xv \- ioecmb km[-
I ac-WImen icocs XyPnp ]c-{_ ]c-am
mhns ZnhyktXn {]thinpIbpw AhnsS ]c-
amar-Xkz- cq]\mbn kmwkmc-_\- n \npw \nXy
ambn apn {]m]n- pIbpw sNpp.
kw_- w- bmsXmcps ]c- am {]m]vXn CtX icoc-
ns DmIpp. AyImev Ahs nXn
F- s\- bp- Xmbncnpw? Cu B{Kl- n\p adp]Sn ]d
bpp
7. KXmx Ipemx ]-Zi{]XnjvTm
tZhm kth {]Xn-tZhXmkp!
ImWn hnm\-ab Bm
]tchytb kh GIo`hn.
B alm ]pcpjs tZlmy kabv ]Xn\p Ie
Ifpw a\-tmSpIqSnbp Fm tZhX- Ifpw Chsbmw
AXmXpIfpsS tI{- in- Ifntmbn nXn-sNpp.
AthmSpIqSn B Pohp\p bmsXmcp _fpw Ah
tijn-pn-. A\-cw Ahs kakvX Ifpw
hnm\- a- b- amb Pohmmhpw Fmw ]ca Ahn\min
bmb ]c- {_-n eo\-ambnocpp.
kw_w Pohmmhp ]c- {_- n F{]Imcw eo\am
Ipp? Cmcyw hnhcn- pp.
8. bYm \Zyx ky-am\mx kapt{Z
kvXw Kn \ma-cqt] hnlmb
XYm hnZzm \ma-cq]mZv hnapx
]cmXv]cw ]pcp-japss]Xn Znhyw.
HgpInsmncnp \ZnI AhbpsS \macq]
Fmw XyPnv F{]Imcw kap{Zn ebnptNcppthm
As\Xs m\nI \macq]clnXcmbn ]cm]c Znhy
]pcpj\mb ]c- {_ ]c- ammhn eo\- cmbnocpp.
9. k tbm l ssh XXv]caw {_ thZ {_ss
h `hXn \mkym{_-hn-XvIpte `hXn. XcXn
timIw XcXn ]m]v am\w Kplm- {K- nt`ym
hnaptmartXm `hXn.
bmsXmcp B ]c-{_ ]c-ammhns\ Adn-bp
pthm Ah {_w Xs Bbn-ocpp. Ahs
hwin, AXmbXv Ahs km\- - fn BcpwXs
{_s Adn- bm-hcmbn ImWpIbn- . Ah Fm
{]Imc- nepap timI-fn\npw NnIfn\npw
kYm AIp Pohn-pp. Fm ]m]kb--
fn\npw ]q- ambpw ISpt]mIpp. lrZb- nep
Fm kwib- fpw Al-mcfpw hnjbmkn- Ifpw
thtcmsS \in- nv Aa- c- \mbnocpp; P\\ ac-Wc-ln-
X\mbn- ocpp.
kw_-w- Cu {_-hn-ZybpsS AhIminsb hn-
pp.
XtZX-Zr-Nm`yp-w
10. {Inbmhx t{im{Xnbm {_-\njvTmx
kzbw PplzX GIjnw {i-bx
tXjm tasshXmw {_-hnZymw htZX
intcm{hXw hn[n-h-ssZykvXp Now.
bmsXmns\ Cu D]\njn hnncnppthm
B {_-hnZysb kw_nv Hcp Imcyw a{Zzmcm hy-
amnbncnpp. bmsXmcp Xs hn\pw B{i
a-n\pw ]cn-Xn-Xnpw A\pkc-Wambn \njv Ima- `m
htmsS bYmtbmKyw I A\pjvTnppthm
thZnse bYm cl- kysf AdnbpIbpw ]c- {_
]c- ammhns\ D]mkn-pIbpw sNppthm AXns
Pnmkphpambn-cn-ppthm bmsXmcp kzbw
""GIjn'' F \mam {]kn- amb t{]mz-enXmn
bn imkv{X-hn-[n-b- \pkcnv {i-tbmSpIqSn lh\w
sNppthm bmsXmcp hn[n- {]Imcw {_- Ncyw
]menn-cnppthm Ah\pam{Xw Cu {_-hnZy D]tZ
in- psImSp- Ww.
11. XtZ- XXv kXy- ar-jn- c- Mv Kn-cmxh ]ptcm- hmN
ss\X-ZNo-{htXm[otX. \ax ]c-a-Ejnt`ym
\ax ]c-a-Ejn-`yx.
{_-hn-Zymcq]amIp Cu kXys BZyw AwKn-
cp aljn apIfn ]dn- cnpw {]Imcw iu\- Ia-
ljnv D]tZin-psImSpp. bmsXmcp hn[n-
]qw {_- Ncys ]men- pntbm Ah\v CXp ]Tn
phm km[n-pn-. AXmbXv CXns KqVmw
{Kln- phm Ignbpn. almap\namp \a- kv mcw,
almap\n-amp \a-kvmcw. C{]Imcw cp{]mhiyw
ap\n-amsc \a-kv -cn-psImv {K- ns Ays
kqNnn- pp.
imn- ]mTw
Hmw `{Zw It`nx {iWpbma tZhm `{Zw
]tiy amm`n-cyP{Xmx
nssc- c-MvssKkvXp-jvSphmw kkv X-\q-
`nhytia tZh-lnXw bZmbpx
I K
N P
91
kzkvXn \ Ct{m hr-{ihmx kzkvXn \x
]pjm hniz-thZmx
kzkvXn \kvXmtym Acn-jvS-t\anx
kzkvXn t\m _rl-kv X- ]nZ[mXp.
Hmw imnx ! imnx ! imnx !!!
CXns Aw Cu D]\n-jns Bcw-`n
sImSpn- pv.
Q
imn- ]mTw
Hmw `{Zw It`nx {iWpbma tZhm `{Zw
]tiy amm`n-cyP{Xmx
nssc- c- MvssK- kv XpjvSphmw
kkvX- \q`nhytia tZh-lnXw bZmbpx
kzkvXn \ Ct{m hr-{ihmx kzkvXn \x
]pjm hniz-thZmx
kzkvXn \kvXmtym Acn-jvS-t\anx
kzkvXn t\m _rl-kv X- ]nZ[mXp.
Hmw imnx ! imnx ! imnx !!!
KpcpIpen hnZy A`yknp injy Xs Kpcp,
kl]mTn, am\- hIpew Chp awKfapmIp- Xn\p tZh
X-ItfmSp {]mn-pp. tl tZhKWtf! R
kzw I- - fnqSn awK- f- I- c- amb hN- \-
tI- tW. \n, apJ- kv XpXn, Ak`yw AXpt]mep ap
]m]Ic- - fmb kwKXn- I Ch R- fpsS I- -fn
]Xn-mXn-cn--tW. R-fpsS kzw PohnXw bmK]cm
b-Wambn `hn--tW. R kZm `KhZmcm[-\Ifn
hym]rXcmbn- cn-tW. I- sImp {ihn- - am{Xw
sNmsX t\{X- sImpw kZm awKf- Isf
Zi\w sNtW. GsXnepw AawKfImcn- tbm \min
tep ]XnpsImncnptXm Bb ImgvNI R
ZinmXncn- tW. R- fpsS Fm Ahbhfpw kpZr
Vhpw AXy[nIw ]pjvS-hpambn-oc-tW. R-fpsS
PohnXw t`mKhn-emk- fnepw {]amZ- fnepw IqSn ISp
t]mImXncn- tW. `Khm\p {]tbmP\Ic- amIhn[- n
ep Bbpp Rp e`n- - tW. (tZhI \psS
Fm C{n-b- -fnepw hym]nv AXns kwc--Whpw
kwNme\hpw \Spp. Ah- \pIqeambn- cn- p- Xp
sImv \psS C{n-b- v kpKa-ambn km--
amqtIym]\njv
1
3
fnqSn Ncnphm km[npp. AXn\m AhtcmSpw
{]mnpXv DNnXambncnpw). AJne temI- fnepw
kpb-itmSpIqSnb tZh-cmP C{, k\mb
]pjm, Acnjv S\nhmc- I\mb Xmy, (KcpU) _pn
cmP- \mb _rl- kv ]Xn Cu Fm tZhXIfpw `Khms
Znhyhn`qXnI BIpp. Ch Ftmgpw \psS sFizcy
s hnn- tW. ChcpsS Ir]bm \apv Ftmgpw
awKfw Dmbnsmn-cn-- tW. Bymn- Ihpw B[n-
ssZhnIhpw B[n`uXnIhpw Bbp Fm Xm]pw
imn DmItW.
1. Hman-tXyZc-anZw kw Xtkym]hym-Jym\w
`qXw `hZv`hn-jyZnXn ktam-mc Gh. bm
\yXv {XnIm-emXoXw XZt]ymmc Gh.
Cu D]\njn ]c- {_ ]c- ammhns ka{K cq]
XXzs {Klnnp- Xn\v Atls \mep ]mZ- fmbn
kev]n-ncn-pp. \ma-n-tbpw \man-bptSbpw GI
Xsb {]Xn- ]mZn-p-Xn\p {]Whns A, D, av Cu
aqp am{XItfmSpw am{Xmc- lnXamb Atl- ns Ahy
-cq]tmSpw IqSn ]c- {_ ]ctaizcs Hmtcm ]mZ
n\p XpeyX ImWn- s- ncnpp. C{]Imcw Cu a{
n ]c- {_-]c- ammhns HmwImc- amIp \mas
ka- {K]pcptjm-a-\n \npw A`n- -ambn-cpXn "Hmw'
F Cu Acw Xs ]q- {_hpw Ahn\minbmb
]c- ammhpw Fp ]db- sncnpp. {]Xyambn ImW
s- Sp Cu PU-tNX-\- IfpsS kap- Zm-b- cq- ]am- Ip
kq- P- Kv Atl- ns \nIS-X- aamb aln- abpsS
\nZi\-amIpp. bmsXmcp qehpw kqva-hpamb
PKv D-hn- nv Atl- ns hneo\- ambn-gn-
pthmbmsXmv Cu kabw h-am\-ambn-cn-p
pthm bmsXmv Atl- n\npw DmIphm\ncnp
pthm Ahsbmw HmwImcw Xs-bmIpp. AXmbXv
I K
N P
92
]c- {_- - ]- c- am- mhp Xs- bm- Ip- p. AXp- t]mse
bmsXmv {XnImepw AXoX-ambn CXn\npw
`n-ambn-cn-ppthm AXpw HmwImcw Xs-bmIpp.
AXmbXv Imc-Ww, kqv aw, qew Cu aqp t`Z-
tfmSpw IqSnb PKpw CXns\ hln- psImn- cnpp.
]c-{_- ns bmsXmcwiw CXns B- cq]nepw
B[mc- cq]nepw {]Imin- psImn- cnppthm ]c- am
mhns B kzcq]w A{X Xs-b; Atlw AXn-
t\m thdn-n-cn-pp. AXpsImv Atl-ns
k]v jS- ambncnp Awihpw AXn-- XoX- ambn as- s
maptm AsXmw IqSnbm am{Xta ]c- {_-]c- amm
hns ka{Kamb cq]amIppq.
bmsXmcp ]c- {_s kmImc- amtbm \ncmImc-
atbm AYhm kYm \nhn- tijamtbm am{Xw IcpXp
pthm Atls k- X, km[mc-X, kIm
c-WX, B\-w, hnm\w apX-emb kKpW-fm
ks\p {KlnmXncnppthm Ahscmw B ]c-
{_- ns Hmtcmtcm Awis- am{Xw ]c-ammhmbn
{Kln-pp. ]q-{_ ]c-ammhp kmImc\pw \ncm
Imc\pw BIpp. AXpt]mseXs kmImc \cmImc cq]
cn\npw clnX\pw BIpp. ]q-cq]tm
SpIqSnb Cu PKv Atl-ns Xs kzcq]amIp
p. Fm Atlw CXn\npw kYm `n\pw
BIpp. Atlw kKpWc- lnX\pw \nhn- tij\pw
kKpW-k\pw Bbn-cpn-pIqSn Atls
kmwK]q- s\p KWnpp.
kw_w Fmw HmwImc-amIp- sX- s\? AtX-n
]dbpp.
2. kw tlyXZv {_mb-amm {_tkm
bamm NXpjv]mXv.
Cu kq-amb PKv {_-n\npw Hpw-
Xs `n- amb H- . Fmw {_hpw HmwImcw AXns
\mahpw Bb-XpImcWw \man-bn\npw A`n-hpw
BIpp. Cmcyw BZya{nXs ]dpIgnn
cnpp; FpsImsm Cu ]q- {]]w B ]c-
{_ ]c-ta- iz- cs icochpw Atlw CXns A- cym
an- bmb Bmhpw BIpp. AXn\m B kmmhp
Xs {_-amIpp. B ]c- ammhp apt ]d-- t]mse
\mep ]mZ- tfmSpIqSnb- h\mIpp. hmkv Xhn AJ-
WvU\pw \nc- hbh\pamb B ]c{_]c- ammhns\ \mep
]mZ- tfmSpIqSnb- h Fp ]dbpXp icnb- . Fn-
cpmepw Atls ka{Kcq]n hymJym\npXv
Atl-ns kv]jvSX-bpsS {]Imc-t`Zsf {ipXnI
fn ]e m\pw \mep ]mZtfmSpIqSnb- h Fp
hn`mh\w sNbvXnpv. AtX hoWns Chn
sSbpw {ipXn ]dbpp.
3. PmKcn- X- mt\m _ln-jv{]x k]vXmMvK
GtIm- \- hnw- i- Xn- apJx qe- `p- Kv ssh- izm- \cx
{]Yax ]mZx
]c-{_ ]c- ammhn\v B \mep ]mZ Fs\
F{]Imcw Dmbn? Cu Imcyw {Klnnp-Xn\p Pohm
mhnsbpw AXns qekqva-ImcW icoc--fp
tSbpw DZmlcWw hgn B ]c-ammhns ]mZ-fpsS
h\ {Iaambn sNpp. Ahbn BZy]mZs Cu
a{n hnncnpp. F{]Imcw Pm{KZh- bn
Cu qeicoc- ns AlwImcnbmb Pohmmhv inc-
papX ]mZw hsc Ggv AwK- fm bp- ambn qe
hnjb- sf D]t`mKnp- Xn\p Zzmc- cq]- fmb ]n
{nb- fpw Ap{]mW\pw \mev AxIcWfpw C{]
Imcw B ]sm]Xp apJfnqSn hnjbsf
A\p`hn-pIbpw AXns Adnhp _mlyP-Kn
hym]n- psImncn- pIbpw sNppthm AtX-{]Imcw
Xs k]vXtemI cq]fmIp k]v XmwKfpw C{nb
kaq- lhpw {]mW\pw Ax- I- c- Whpw Cs\
]sm]Xp apJ--tfmSpIqSnb Cu qeP-K{Zp]am
Ip icoc- ns Bmhv bmsXmcp Fm tZhX
Ifpw ]nXrfpw a\pjycpw Bb kakv X PohnIfptSbpw
t{]c- I\pw kzmanbpamb- XpImcWw Cu qe PKns
mXmhpw t`mmhpambncnppthm bmsXmcps
{]Imi\w Cu {_mWv Un kw`hnpsImn-cn-p
pthm AXv kcq] sshizm\-c-\mb B ]c- {_ ]c-
taizcs Hmas ]mZamIpp.
Cu hniztbpw AXnse a\pjytcbpw Iqn sshizm
\- cy Fp ]dbpp. Cu hypev ]n A\pkcnv qe
P-{Zp] icoc- tm-SpIqSnb kcq]\mb PKZoiz-cs\
ChnsS sshizm\- c Fp hnfn- pp.
4. kz]v\-mt\mx {]x k]vXmwK GtIm
\- hn w- i- Xn - apJx {]hn- hn- - `pIv ssXPtkm
ZznXobx ]mZx
Cu a{n ]q-{_ ]c-ammhns cm
as ]mZs hn-pp. F{]Imcw kz]v\mh-
bn kqv a-icoc-ns A`n-am\n-bmb Pohmmhv
t\ct ]d- Xpt]mse kqva- fmb GgwK- tfmSv
]sm]Xp apJ--tfmSpw-IqSn kqv a hnjb- sf
D]t`mKw sNpIbpw AXns AXns m\w
hym]n-n-pIbpw sNppthm AtX {]Imcw Xs
bmsXmv qemh- bn \np `n- ambn kqvacq]
n ]cn-Wanp k]vX-temIcq]ab k]vXmw-Kfpw
XYm C{ n - bw, { ]mW, A- Ix- I- c- W- cq- ]- amb
]sm]Xp apJ- - fm bp-amb kqva PK{Zp]am
Ip icoc- n nXnsNp AXns Bmhv lnc-
WyK`amIpp. AXv kakvX PUtNX-\m-I-fmb
kqv aP- Kns ka-kvX-XXz--fptSbpw \nb- mhpw
mXmhpw AJn-etbpw Xn-tebvv {]thinn-p
I K
N P
93
sImn-cn-p-h\pamIpp. AXn\m AXns t`mm
hpw ]cn-Nb- mc\pw Fp ]db- s-Spp. Cu tXPv
AXmb-Xv kqv a-{]Imiamb lncWy K`w B ]q
{_ ]c- ammhns cmas ]mZamIpp.
5. b{X- kp]vtXm \ I\ Imaw Ima-btX
\ I\
kz]v\w ]iyXn Xpjp]vXw.
kpjp-]vX-m\ GIo
`qXx {]m\-L\ Ghm\--atbm
lym\ `pIv
tNtXmapJx {]mkvXrXobx ]mZx.
Cu a{n Pm{KZh- bpsS Imc- Ww, ebmh
cq]amb kpjp]v Xn ChtbmSpIqSn {]fb- Imen nX
amb PKns kam\Xsb ImWnpXn\p thn BZy
ambn kp{]kn- amb kpjp]v Xyh-bpsS eWw ]d
np ]noSp ]q- {_ ]c- ammhns aqmas
]mZw hn- -s-Spp. bmsXmc- h-bn Dd-nsm
n- cn- p a\pjy bmsXmcphn[ t`mKtfm B{Kl-
tfm A\p`htfm {]m]nmcnXncnppthm AXpt]m
seXs bmsXmcpXc- nepap kz]v \-fpw ImWmXn-
cn-ppthm A-s\-bp B Ahsb kpjp]vXn-
sbp ]d-bpp. Cu kpjp]v Xnp kZr- iambn bmsXm
pw {]f- b-Imen PKns Imc-Wmh-bmbn- cp
pthm bmsXmn \m\m "cq]' fpsS {]kv]jvSX Cm
Xn-cn-ppthm A-s\-bp Ahy {]Ir-Xn-Xs
bmsXmns icocambncppthm AXpt]mse bmsXmv
AZznXob cq]n nX- ambn- cppthm D]\n-jpI
fn bmsXmns h\w Nnebn- Sv "kXv' F
t]cnepw apNnebnSv Bmsh t]cnepw {]IS- amIp
pthm bmsXmns GIam{X- tNX\ ({]Imiw) Xs
apJ- ambncnpIbpw B\w Xs t`mP\- ambncnpIbpw
sNppthm B hnm\m- amb {]m Xs B
]q {_-ns aqmas ]mZamIp-Xv .
kw_w apIfn ]d- ncn- p {_- ns ]mZ
-fmb sshizm\cw, ssXP-kw, {]mw Ch BcpsS
t]cmIpp. CXns\ hnhcn- pp.
6. Gj kthizc Gj k Gtjmcym-
tayj tbm\nx kky {]`m- hm- ]ybu ln
`qXm\mw.
bmsXmcp ]c-ta-iz-c aqp ]mZ-fpsS cq]n
hn--s-n-cn-ppthm Atlw kq Cuiz-c-
tbpw Cuizc BIpp. Atlw Xs k\pw
Fmntbpw A- cymanbpambncnpp. Atlw Xs
AJne PKn- tbpw Imc-W\mbn-cn-pp. FpsIm
sm Fm PohnIfptSbpw D- nbpw nXnbpw
ebhpw Bb m\w Atlw Xs-bmIpp. A]q
hn-X--fmb sshizm\cw, ssXP-kw, {]mw Ch
sbmw ]c- ta- iz- cs \ma Xs-bmIpp. {]tXyIw
{]tXyIw nXnIfn At- l- ns h\w `n `n
\ma-fm sNs- ncnpp.
kw_w C\n ]q{_ ]c- ammhns \memas
]mZs hnpp.
7. \mx- {]w \ _ln- jv {]w t\m`- bXx
{]w \ {]m\-L\w \ {]w \m{]
w. AZr- jvS-a-hyh-lmcya-{Kmlya eWa-
Nn-y- a- hy- ]- tZiyta Im- {]- Xy- bkmcw {]]-
tm- ]- iaw imw inh- a- ssZzXw NXpYw
a\yt k Bm k hntb:
Cu a{n \nKpW \ncmImc-\nhn- tij kzcq
]s ]q- {_- ]c- ammhns \memas ]mZw Fp
]dncnpp. bmsXmns m\w shfnbn\npw
AIp\npw cphi- fn \npw e`ya- mXncnp
pthm bmsXmv m\-kz-cq]ambncnpntbm Adn
b- s- SmXncnppthm bmsXmv Zrjv SntKmNc- ambncn- p
n-tbm bmsXmn-s\-n Nnn-p- Xn\pw ]dbp-
Xn\pw km[ya-mXn-cnppthm bmsXmn\v bmsXmcp
eWhpanmXncn- ppthm bmsXmn Fm {]]-
n-sbpw A`mhw Dmbn-cn-p-pthm bmsXmn
GIam{X ]c-{_ k- bpsS {]XoXn {]amWambncnp
pthm-C- s\ kYm imhpw IeymWa-b-hpamb
AZznXobXXzw ]q- {_ns \memas ]mZw Fp
IcpXpp. C{]Imcw bmsXmns\ \mep ]mZ- fmbn hn`
Pnv hnncn- ppthm Atlw ]q-]c-{_amIp
p. Atl- s- s Adnb- Ww.
hmkv X-hn Ahb-hc-ln-X-\mb ]c-ammhn\v
bmsXmcp `mKhpan-sp kv]jvS-amIp-p. bmsXmcp
]q- {_- ]c-ammhv qeP- Kn ]cn- ]q-\mbn
cn-p-pthm Atlw Xs kqv ahpw Imc-WP-K
ns A-cymanbpw A[n-jvTmXmhpw BIpp. AXp
t]mse Atlw Xs Chsb- mn\npw thdnv
\nhn-tij ]c-ammhmbpw Ccnpp. Atlw k
inam\pw Fm inIfn\npw clnX\pw BIpp.
Atlw kKpW\pw \nKpW\pamWv ; kmImc\pw \ncm
Imc- \pamWv. hmkv Xhn Atlw \psS _pnpw
Nnbvpw kYm AXoX\mIpp.
kw_w ap]d ]c- {_ ]c- ammhns\ hmNI
amb {]WhtmSpIqSn GIoIcnpsImp ]dbpp
8. tkmbam-myc-tamw-Imtcm[nam{Xw ]mZm
am{Xm am{Xm ]mZm AImc DImtcm aImc
CXn.
\mep ]mZ- tfmSpIqSn hn- s- ncnp B ]c-
{_ ]c-ammhv, ChnsS A-c- ns {]Ic- Wn
Xs \man\npw A`n-- amb- XpImcWw aqpam{X-
ItfmSpIqSnb HmwImc-amIpp. A, D, av Cu aqpam{X-
I K
N P
94
I Xs Atl- ns D]cyp-amb aqp]mZfpw
Atlns aqp ]mZ Xs HmwImc- ns aqp
am{XIfpw BIpp. F{]Imcw HmwImcn\p kzw am{X
Ifn\np thdnncnphm km[npntbm AtX- {]
Imcw Xs Xs ]mZ-fn\npw ]c- ammhv thdnp
\npn. ChnsS ]mZntbpw am{XbptSbpw GIX
Hmmcw hgnbmbn ]c-{_ ]cammhns\ D]mkn- p-
Xn- \pthn sNs- ncnpp Cs\ tXmpp.
kw_w HmwImc- ns GXpam{Xbpw {_- ns
GXp]mZhpw GIcq]ambncnpXv FpsImv? CXn-
\pta aqpam{XIfpsS clkyw a\- nemp- Xn\v {]Y-
aambn BZy]mZn- tbpw BZyam{XbptSbpw GIXsb
{]Xn]mZn-pp.
9. PmKcn-X- mt\m sshizm\tcmImcx {]Yam am
{ Xm]v tXcm- Zn - a- z mZz m]v t\mXn l ssh
khm Imam\m Zn-`hXn b Ghw thZ.
]c- {_ ]cammhns \mam- Iamb HmwImcns
BZyam{Xbmb "A' CXv temInep Fm t]cpIfnepw
AXmbXv GsX-nepw As [z\n-n-p Fm
hmpIfnepw hym]n-pIn- S-pp. kzcw AYhm hy
\w bmsXmcp hhpw AImc- c- ln- Xambncnpn
. Fm h--fnepw "A' Xs BZyh-amIpp.
CXpt]mseXs Cu qe PKZvcq]hncmSv icoc- n
B sshizm\- c- cq]mcyman ]c- taizc hym]vXambncnp
Ibpw hncmSv cq]tmSpIqSn BZyw kzbw {]IS-amIp
Ibpw sNbvXXpImcWw Cu PKns BZnbpw Atlw
Xs- bmIpp. C{]Imcw "A' bpw "PKpw' t]mse {]Xy
ambn ImWs-Sp Cu qe PK{Zp]icoc-n
hym]nn- cnp sshizm\- c Fpt]cp {]Ya ]mZ
ns GIX Dmb- XpImcWw "A' Xs ]q-{_
]c-ta- izcs BZy]mZamIpp. bmsXmcp a\pjy C{]
Imcw AImctbpw hncmSv icocns Bmhmb ]c-
ta- iz-cs GIX- tbbpw {Kln-ppthm D]mkn-p
pthm Ah Fm A`nemj- tfbpw AXmbXv CnX
hkvXp-tfbpw {]m]npIbpw temIn kam\y
\mbn- ocpIbpw sNpp.
kw_w C\n cmas ]mZtbpw cmw-am{X-
tbbpw AhbpsS GIoIc- Wtbpw {]Xn- ]mZn- pp.
10. kz]v \- m- \- kv ssX- Pk DImtcm ZznXobm
amt{XmXvIjmZp`b-XzmtZzmXvIjXn l ssh
m\ kXnw kam\ `hXn \mkym{_-
- hn-XvIpte `hXn b Ghw thZ.
]c-{_ ]c-ammhns \mam-Iamb Hmw Imc-
ns cmas am{Xbmb "D' "A' sbm DXvIrjv S
amb-XpImcWw t{ijvThpw "A' bptSbpw "a' bptSbpw
CSbv mb- XpImcWw Ah cn-t\mSpw At`Zyamb kw_
ap- XmWv. AXn-\m CXv D`b kzcq]-amIpp.
CXpt]mse Xs sshizm\- c- t\- m ssXPkw (lncWy
K`w) DXvIr- jv Shpw XYm sshiz- t\-c- tbpw {]mbp
tSbpw a[yKXamb- Xn\m AXv D`b kw_Cbpw BIp
p. Cu kam\X ImcWw Xs "D' "ssXPkw' F
t]cn ZzXob ]mZambn ]db- s-Spp. Cu qeP-K
ns {]Xy- Xbv p ap]p ]ctaizcs BZnkev]
Zzmcm bmsXmcp kqv akrjvSn D--ambn-cppthm
bmsXmns h\w am\-kkrjv Sn F t]cn hcp
pthm bmsXmn kakvX XXz-fpw Xm{X-IfpsS
cq]n hknppthm qecq] ]cn- Wan-m
Xn- cn- ppthm, B kqva PK{Zq]icoc-n tNX\m
{]Imikzcq]lnc- WyK` ]c- taizc CXns A[njv Tm
Xmhmbn hknpIbpw ImcWPKpw qeP- Kpw
Chc-nepw \npXs kqv a PKpambn L\n- jvS-
kw- _w Dm- Ip-p. AXn- \m Ah Imc- Whpw
kvYqehpw cpcq]tfmSpw IqSn-b-hbmIpp. CXp
t]mse "D' hntbpw am\- knIkr- jv SnbpsS A[njvTmXm
hmb ssXPkcq]w cmas ]mZns kam\X hln
pXp ImcWw "D' Xs ]q-{_ ]c-ta-iz-cs
cmas ]mZw BIpp. bmsXmcp C{]Imcw "D'
hnsbpw tXtPmab- amb lncWyK`cq]ntbpw kam
\- X- bpsS cl-kys a\-n-emppthm Ah kzbw
Cu PKns kqva- X- Xz-sf \Xpt]mse {]Xy-
s- Sppp. CXpImcWw Cu m\- ns ]c- csb
D-X-amn AXns\ hfn k{X ka`mhtmSpIq
Sn- b-h\mbn-o-cpp; FpsImsm PK-ns
kqva-X-Xz- sf a\-n- em-n- b- Xp-ImcWw AXns
bYmc-lkyw _pn-bn hcp-Xn-\m AXns
sshjay \inpt]mIpp. CXn\m Ah\n \npw
P\n km\-- fn lnc- WyK`cq]\mb ]atc- izcs
D]cyp-amb cl-ky-fpsS m\w Cm-hcmbn
Bcpw Dmbn- cn- pIbn-.
11. kpjp-]vXm\x {]mtm aImc-kvXr-Xobm
am{Xm antX-c-]o-tXhm ant\mXn l hm CZw
ka-]oXn `hXn b Ghw thZ.
]c-ammhns \ma--Iamb HmwImc-ns aqm
as am{X-bmb "a' FXv "am' [mXphn\n-p-hn-
XmWv . "am' F [mXphns Aw AfpI AXmbXv
C hkvXp C{X-bpv Fp a\-n-empIbmWv. Cu
"a' HmwImc-ns An-a-am{X-bmWv; "A' "D' ChbpsS
]nmse Dcn- - s- Spp. Cmc-Wm cnsbpw
Afhv CXn hcpp. AXn-\m CXv Ahsb \Xp
t]mse Adnbpp. AXpt]mse "a' bpsS DmcWw sImv
apJw AS-bpIbpw sNpp. "A' bpw "D' hpw cpw
AXn hneo\- ambpw Xocpp; AXn\m CXv B cpam
{XItfbpw Ahkm\w hneo\- ampXpw BIpp. CtX
{]Imcw Xs kpjp]v Xm\ob ImcWPKns A[n
jvTn-Xmhmb {]mbpw k\mIpp. qew,
kqv aw, ImcWw Cu aq-h- Ifnepw nXn-sN
I K
N P
95
p PKns\ Adn-bp-h\pw BIpp. Imc-WP-K
n\npXs qehpw kqva- hpamb PKp
D-hnpIbpw AXns AhbpsS eb\w kw`hn
pIbpw sNpp. C{]Imcw "a' bpsSbpw Imc-WP-K
ns A[njvTmXmhmb {]mPvR Fpt]cp aqm
as ]mZn-sbpw kaXzw DXpsImp "a' bpw
"{]m' kzcq]]c-ta-iz-cs GIX-sbbpw Adn-bp
pthm Cu cl-kys {Kln-nv HmwImc-ns kvac-
WmZzmcm ]c- ta-iz- cs\ Nnnppthm Ah aqekln
X-amb kq-P-Kns\ \Xpt]mse Adn-bpIbpw
Fmnt\bpw hneo\- ampIbpw sNpp; AXmbXv
Ahs _mly Zrjv Sn Ahkm-\n- pp. AXn-\m
Ah k{X GI]c- {_ ]c- taizc- s\- s t\mn
smn-cnp- h\mbnocpp.
kw_- w- am{Xmc-ln- X-amb HmwImc- ns \memw]mZ
tmSp GIoIc-Ws {]Xn]mZnpsImv Cu D]\n
jns\ D]kw- l-cnpp.
12. Aam- {X- XptYmhyh- lmcyx {]]- tm- ]-
iax inthmssZzX Gh- tam- mc Bssh
kwhn- iXymXv a\mm\w b Ghw thZ b
Ghw thZ.
]c{_ ]c- ammhns \mam- Iamb HmwImc- ns
am{Xmc- lnX- amb kwkmc- n hcm- Xmb, \ncmImc-
kz-cq]w AXp a\-n\pw hmWnpw Ahn-jb- amb-Xp
sImp hyhlmcn sImphcphm k[yamXpw
{]]- n\npaXoXhpw IeymWabhpw AZznXobhpw
B \npW\n-cmImc-cq]amb \memas ]mZamIpp.
F{]Imcw aqpam{X-IfpsS t\c- t]dn- p aqp
]mZ- tfmsSmp kam\- Xbpmbncnppthm AtX
{]Imcw Xs HmwImc- \ncmImc-kzcq]ns ]c-{_-]
c- ammhns \nKpW\ncmImc \nhntijcq]amb \mem
as ]mZtmSp kaXzw Fp `mhw. bmsXmcp a\p
jy Cu hn[w HmwImchpw ]c- ammhns GIX- bpsS
cl- kyhpw {Kln-nv ]c-{_ ]c-ammhns\ {]m]np
- Xn\pthn Atl- ns \maP]s Ahew_amn
X]tmSpIqSnb km[\ \S-ppthm Ah \nt-
l- ambpw Bmhn\npw Bmhn AXmbXv ]cmXv]
c- ]c- {_- ]c-ammhn {]thin- pp. bmsXmcp
C{]Imcw {Klnpp Fp hmIys cp {]mhiyw
Dcnnv D]\n- jns kam]v Xnsb kqNn- npp.
]c-{_]c-ammhntbpw Atl-ns \ma-n-
tbpw alna A]mc- amIpp. CXns Ac ISphm
Bpw km[ya- . Cu {]Ic- Wn B Akoa- ]q
{_ ]c- ammhns \mep ]mZ-fpsS Iev]\ Atl-
ns qe, kqv a, Imc- W- fmb aqp kKpW cq]
-fptSbpw \nKpW\ncmImc kzcq]ns GItXbpw
ImWn- p- Xn- \pthnbpw AXpt]mse \ma- n- tbpw
\manbptSbpw Fm{]Imc- - fnepap GItXbpw ImWn
p- Xn\pw AXpt]mse Atl- n\npw A`n- amb
ANnyintbbpw kam\ kmaytbpw ImWn
pXn\pwthn sNsncnpp Fv A\pam\npp.
imn- ]mTw
Hmw `{Zw It`nx {iWpbma tZhm `{Zw
]tiy amm`n-cyP{Xmx
nssc- c-MvssKkvXp-jvSphmw kkv X-\q-
`nhytia tZh-lnXw bZmbpx
kzkvXn \ Ct{m hr-{ihmx kzkvXn \x
]pjm hniz-thZmx
kzkvXn \kvXmtym Acn-jvS-t\anx
kzkvXn t\m _rl-kv X- ]nZ[mXp.
Hmw imnx ! imnx ! imnx !!!
CXns Aw Cu D]\n-jns Bcw-`n
sImSpn- pv.
Q
imn]mTw
Hmw. hmMv ta a\kn {]Xn-jv TnXm. at\m ta
hmNn {]Xn- jv Tn - X- am- hn- cm- a. G[n thZky a
AWox {ipXw ta am {]lm-ko-ct\-\m-[otX
Iujo XIn {_tWm]\njv
1
3
\mtlmcm{XmXv kwZ[man. EXw hZnjyman kXyw
hZnjyman. XmahXp. XZv hmcahXp. AhXp
amw. AhXp hmcw Hmw. imnx imnx imnx
I K
N P
96
Hmw. Fs hmv a\n ncambncns. hmn
a\v ncambncns. kzbw {]Imimmth, Av
Fs apn {]Xy--amIpI. tl hmWn, tl a\t,
\n cpt]cpw Fs thZm\n\v B[mcam
Ipp. AXn\m Fs thZm[ymb-\s XSb-cptX.
Cu thZm[yb\s XSb- cptX. Cu thZm[y-b\n
Rm cm{Xnbpw ]Iepw Nnehgnpp. Rm EXw ]dbpw
kXyw ]dbpw Fs cnmepw hmhns\ cn
mepw Fs cnmepw.
Hmw A[ymbw
1. Nnt{Xm l ssh KmKymb-Wn by-amW
BcpWnw ht{h. k l ]p{Xw tizXtIXpw {]Pn
{Lmb. bmP-tb- Xn. Xm lmko\w ]{]-. KuX
aky ]p{XmkvXn. kwhrXw temtI bkvan am
[mky tlm thmNZ[zm temtI bmkyko-Xn. kl
]nXcamkmZy ]{]- tXo-Xn. am {]moXv IYw
{]Xn{_hmWo-Xn. k tlm hmN. Al- a-t]yXXv
\ thZ. k Z tky h hbw kzm[ymb-a[oXy lcm
atl b ]tcZltXy ln D`u Kanjymh CXn.
k l kanX ]mWnx Nn{Xw KmKymbWow {]Xn
N{Ia D]m- bm- \o- Xn. Xw tlmhm- N- {_-mtLm
kn KuXatbm \ am\ap]mtKm Ghn thyh Xzm
m]- bn-jymao-Xn.
aljnbmb Nn{X Ks ]p{Xs ]p{X\mbncp
p. Atlw bw sNW-saptinv AcpW ]p{X
\mb DmeIs\ {][m\ EXznmn. Fm DmeI
B b-n\p t]mImsX ]p{X\mb tizXtIXphn\v
thn Nn{Xns b-n\p t]mbn. AXv th
hn[w ]cy-hkm\nnm \ntiw sImSpp. \nt
im\pkcWw tizXtIXpb-n ]psImv Hcp
Db ]oTnencpp. Atls Iv almmhmb
Nn{X Cs\ tNmZnp: ""Fs {]XnjvTnm Cu
temIn BhcWtmSp IqSnb Hcp m\aptm?
AtXm `n- amb Bhc-WclnXamb m\mbncn
ptam Fs {]XnjvTnpI?'' CXptIv tizXtIXp ]d-
p.
""F\nv CXns\n Hcp Adnhpan. Fs ]nXmhv
imkv {X- c- l- ky- Adn- bp- - h\pw AX- \p- k- cnv
{]hn-p- h\pam-Wv. A- bpsS tNmZy- s-n
Rm At- l- tmSv ]dbmw.'' ]ns tizXtIXp ]nXm
hns ASpp sNv Nn{X tNmZn kwibw hyam
n. DmeI ]dp: ""F\npw Cu tNmZy-n\p
cw \nb-an. almmhmb Nn{Xs b ime
bnsen XXzm[ymb\m m\w t\Smw. A\ys
- t]mse \appw Nn{X\n\nv [\w e`npw. AXn
\m Atmpt]mhpI.'' As\ kanXn ]mWnbmbn
DmeI m\Xrjv W-tbmsS Nn{Xs ASppsNv
]dp: "m\mP\n\mWv Rm\nhnsS hXv'. Dm
eIs Dtiyw AXmsW- - Xn Nn{X\v kwi-b-apm
bncpn.
2. ktlmhmN tb ssh tI N Akvamtm
ImXv {]bn N{-a-k- tah tX kth Kn.
tXjmw {]mssWx ]qh ] B]ymb-tX. Xm\
]-c- ]-tW {]P- \-b- Xn. GX- ssZz-kz- ky- tem-
Iky Zzmcw b-{amkvXw bXv {]XymlX aXn
{kPtX. b G\w {]XymlXanl hyjvSn `qXzm
hjXn X Cl IotSm hm ]XwtKm hm iIp\n
hm imZqtem hm knwtlm hm atym hm ]cizm
hm ]pcptjm hm t\ym ssh tXjp mt\jp
{]XymPmbtX bYm Ia bYm hnZypx XamKXm
]rXn tIm koXw Xw {]Xn {_qbmXv hnN-
Wm ZrXthm tcX A`qXw ]ZimXv {]kq
XmXv l{Xy- hkvXmam]pwkn Itcy- cb [zw.
]pwkm I{Xm amXcnam\nj-IXm kPmb D]- Pm
b-amt\m ZzmZi- {XtbmZi D]- amtkm ZzmZi {Xtbm
Zti\ l{Xm kw ZtZztZ {]Xn ZZzntZ lw Xa
EXthm AaXyh B`c [zw. tX\ ktXy\ tX\
X]km EXpckvaymthm kvan tIm kvan Xza
kvaoXn XaXnkva PtX.
]ns Atlw ]dp: "tl DmeI, Fs-tmse
\nmc\mb Hcp hynbpsS ASp Cs\ hcm
ImcW- sav? kzw alXzw icndnntm. Av
Fm {_mWcnepw shv ]qP\o-b\pw {_hnZym[n
ImcnbpamWv. Rm tNmZn tNmZys kw_-nv
Atbv v bYm m\w \Imw.
b-Imhmb Nn{X ]dp: "apt\, bm
ZnIfmb Da If\pjvTnnp hnZzmm Cu
temIw hnv t]mIptm kzw {]m]npp. Fm
IrjvW-]- -n N{\v PohnIv Xr]vXn sImSp
m Ignhn.
kz-ntebvp IhmSw N{ F t]cn\m
{]knamWv . kz-n\[nImcnIfmb- h NnnpXv
kzn\nv Ipsd Ignbptm Xmsg ]Xntn
hcpsapw A-s\bp kzw \ncamsW-pam
Wv. \njv ImaInIfmbn N{temIw shSnbp- h ip`
Imepw ZrV\n-b-mepw kz- temIn\pw
apIfnep {_temIs {]m]npp. kpJw sImXnv
kz- nse kpJ-n Xs apgpIn Ign-bp-h
]pWy- - b- tmsS Xmtgmp ]Xnpp.
Cs\ temInse kz\cI {]m]vXnIcamb KXn
a\nemp injy hnc\mbn PnmktbmsS
kZvKpcphns\ icWw {]m]nptm Kpcp injy-t\mSv
tNmZnWw. "\o BcmWv ?'
I K
N P
97
B tNmZy-n\v injy C-s\bmWv Dcw ]d-
tb-Xv: "tZhmsc, ]Xn\p IeItfmSp IqSnbXpw
ipIrjvW- ]- - v ImcW-`qXhpw {itbmsS {]Xy
-sSp ]nXrtemIw \Iph\pw hn`n t`mKZm
b-I\pw Bb N{s kao-]p \npw Dmbn {i,
tkma, hjw Aw FnhbpsS {]`mhm kwPm
Xamb-h\pw hocy-ns cq]-n ]cnh\w sN-
s- - h\pw Poh DsmpXpamb Fs Av
kwtbmK-Imay aptJ\ ]pcpj-\n m]npIbpw
]noSv B ]pcpj aptJ\ Fs K`n [mcWw
sNnnpIbpw Dmbn. Gsd hjfmbn Rm anYym
m\w {]m]nI {`aw hnImc Fnhbnepw {_
m\ Pnmkbnepw IgnpIqSpp. C\n F\nv
Av AacXzw ssI hcpphm t]m {_m\w
e`nm DXIhn[w BtcmKyhpw ZoLmbppw
XcpI. Fsm {_kmmXvmcw e`np- Xp
hsc PohnncntXpv. Rm kqNnn kXyhpw
X]- kybpw \nanw Rm EXamIpp. Ap Xs
bmtWm Rms\pw bYm- n Rm BcmsWpw
F\nv ]dp XcWw.' Ahs hmp tIv kZvKpcp
B injys\ kwkmcs `b- s-Sph\msWp Iv.
{_hnZy D]-tZinp. Ahs\ kwkmc_- \n
\npw hnSn kIe ]m]-fn\npw hnap\m
tXpv .
3. k Xw tZhbm\w ]m\w B]Zy An
temIamK- Xn. hmbptemIw k hcpW-temIw k
BZnXy temIw k C{- temIw k {]Pm- ]Xn
temIw k {_ temIw. Xky lhm GXky
{ _- tem- Iky Btcm- { ltZm ap lq tm
tbjv Snlm hnPcm \Zoteym hrx kmePyw
kwm\a]cmPnXamb X\an{ {]Pm]Xo Zzmc
tKm]u. hn`q-{]anXw hnN-Wm. Bk- an-XuPmx
]cyx {]nbm N am\ko {]Xncq]m NNmjo
]pjv]mWymhbXu ssh N PKmXyw _mmw_m
hb-ho- m]vkckx Aw_bm \Zyx Xnanw hnZm
KXn Xw {_m lm`n[mhX aa bikm hnPcmw
hm Abw \Zow {]m]- hm Abw Pcbnjy-Xo-Xn.
Cuiztcm]mk\ sNph tZhbm\am- nIqSn
BZyw AntemInsepp. ]ns hmbptemIw;
AhnsS \nv kqcy-temIw; ]ns hcpWtemIw; A\
cw C{temIw; A\cw {]Pm]XntemIw; XpSv
{_temIw; {_temIn {]thinphm\p am-
n "Bc' Fp t]cp hensbmcp Pemib-apv
AXp ISv Imat{Im[mZnIfm {_temI {]m]vXn
p km[\b- mZnIfm {_temI {]m]vXnp
km[\b-mZn]pWy I Ch \innp
"tbjvSn l' F `mKw ISv "hncPm' \Znbnsemw.
AXns Zi- \m Xs hmIyw \jvSamIpp.
A\cw "Cf' Fp t]cp Cey hrw ImWmw.
]noSv ]e tZhmcpw Xmaknp \K- camWv. AhnsS
]qtm- , \ZnI, ktcmhc, InW- dpI Ch
bpv. \Kcns Hcp `mKv [\pns BIrXnbn
ep Hcp {]tImjvTapv. AXpw ISpt]mbm "A]-
cmPnX' Fp hnimeamb m\amWv . AhnsS {_mhv
Xmaknpp. kqcy-tXPpw Bpw XIm Ign
bmXpamIbm A]- cmPnX F t]cv AXn\p Inn.
{_mhns B `h\ns Zzmc]meIm taLfpw
b-ns {]Xo- I-fmb hmbphpw BImi-cq]nbmb
C{\psat{X.
"hn`q-{]aXn' F Hcp k`maWvU]w AhnsSbpv.
AXns a[y- n "hnNW' F thZn A`pXIc
amWv. intb-dnbXpw "AanXuPm' Fp t]cp-Xp
amb {]mW XsbmWv {_mhns knwlmk\w.
{]IrXn cq]nWnbmb Atl-ns {]nb a\ns\ lcn
p- hfmIbm "am\kn' F t]cn Adnbs-Spp.
AXns Ombmaqn "Npjn' bmWv tXPt-dnb
AXns AemcmZnI tXtPmab- -fmIpp.
{]]w \mephn[nep PohnIfm ]q- amWv
PcmbpPw, AWvUPw, tkzZPw, DZv`nPw, {]]--nse
kIe PUtNX\ hkvXpfpw {_mhns DZym\
nse ]pjv]--fmWv. AhbpsS [uXw D-co-bmZn
hkv{X-fmWv. AhnsSbp A]vk- cpIsf "Aw_m'
Fpw "Aw_mbhn' Fpw ]d- bpp. Aw_-bn P\
\o`mhhpw Aw_mb-hnbn _pn`mhhpamIpp. {_
m\w \Ip Aw_bm F \Zn AhnsS HgpIp
p. m\nbmb ]pcpj\v AhnsS sNs- m Ign
bpp. hnPcm F \ZnbpsS kao- ]- p- Iq- Sn- bmWv
Atmp t]mtIXv . AhnsS Fp- hv hmIy
_m[bpmhpIbn.
4. Xmw ]-i-Xm\n A]v kckmw {]Xnbn
iXw ]q lkvXmx iXw iXw hmtkmlkvXmx
iXw ^eklkvXm iXamRvP\ lkvXm iXw
amey lkvXmx Xw {_mew ImtcW Aew Iph
n. k {_memtcWmewIrtXm {_ hnZzm
{_m`nss{]Xn k AK-Xzmcw {lZw Xw a\km
tXyXn XanXzm k{kXn hntZm a-n. k BK
Xn alqm tkyjvSn lmw kvtX kvamZv {]Z
hn k BK-Xn hnPcmw \Zow Xmw a\ssk
hmtXyXn. XXv kpIrX ZpjvIrtX [p\ptX. Xky-
{ ]n bm mXbx kp Ir - X- ap - ]- bp { ]n bm
ZpjvIrXw XZyYm ctY\ [mhb cY Nt{I ]cy
th-X, Gh atlm- cmt{X ]cy-th-- X. Ghw
kpIrX ZpjvIrtX khmWn N Zzzm\n k Gj
hnkpIrtXm hnZpjvIrtXm {_ hnZzm {_ss
hm`n-ss{]- Xn.
I K
N P
98
s]sp Xs {_mhns \ntim\p-kcWw
Aqdp A]vk-cpI AhnsSsb-nb {_m
\nsb kzmKXw sNm HmSnhcpw. Ahcn Aqdp
t] tIkcw Ippaw a FnhbpsS Nqw
ssIbnseSpncnpw. Aqdpt]v hnhn[ hkv{X
Dv. \qdp A]vkcpI ssIbn ]ehn[w AwK-
cmK- hlnncnpw. Fmhcpw IqSn B almm
hns\ Aecnv {_kzcq]nbmnopw. AtXmsS
Abm "Ac' Fp t]cp Pemib-n\Spv \bn
sSpw; AhnsS Ba-\w sN- s-Spw. kev ]w
aptJ\ AXns\ XcWw sNp {_m\n ]ns
"tbjvSnl' bpsS kao- ]-sapw tZhm Ahs {_
tXPns apn Ddp\nm\mImsX HmSntmtIn
hcpp. m\n "hncmPm' \ZnbpsS Xocsn ]m]
]pWy- AhnsS Dt]- nv Xs am\knI kev]-
m Xs AXns Ac ISpp. B m\nsb
tZzjn- p- - hv Ah ssIhn ]m]w e`npw;
Fm Ahs\ kv t\lnp IpSpw_nI Ahs
]pWymwi-n ]mfnIfmIpp. tXcn k- cnp
hyn cYw \nb-{nptm AXnse N{I-fpsS
]rYzn- bpambp kwtbmK-hntbmK- -fdnbpn. AXp
t]mse {_m\nbmb hyn cm- I ]m]]pWy-
ab-fmb ]e Zriy- fpw ImWppsnepw Ahbp
ambn _npn. ]m]]pWy Ahs\ _m[np
n. {_m\m Ah {_ss {]m]n
pp.
5. k BK- - Xoeyw hrw Xw {_- Kx
{]hniXn. k BKXn kmePyw kwm\w. Xw
{_-ckx {]hni-Xn, k BK-Xn A]-cm-PnXw
Bb X\w Xw {_tXPx {]hniXn B KXn.
C{{]Pm]Xo ZzmctKm]u XmhkvamZ]{ZhXx k
BKXn hn`q{]- anXw Xw {_ tXPx {]hniXn
k BKXn hne-Wmamkow _rl- {ZYw Xtc
kma\n ]qhu-]mZu ssyX \u[tk Nm]- cu-
hsshcq] sshcmtP A\qNytX imIzcsschtX
Xoco km{]m {]bm ln hn]- iyXn k
BKXn AanXu Pkw ]cyw k {]mW-kvXky
`qXw N `hnjyw N ]qhu ]mZu-{io-t-cmNm]-
c, { _lv {ZYw Xtc B\qtNy `{ Z- b- mb
botb iojtWy EN kmam\n N {]mNo-
\mXm\m\n bpwjn Xnco-\m\n tkmamw-ihx
D]-kv XcW apZv KoYx D]{iox {iocp]_lWw
Xkvan {_mkvtX Xanw hnXv]mtZss\hm{K
Btcml- Xn. Xw {_m ]rXn tImkoXn. Xw
{]Xn {_qbmXv.
{_m\nbpsS \mknIbn Cey hr-ns
ASpsnb DSs\Xs {_Kw {]thinpp.
]ns Ah "kmePy' sap t]cp \Kcn\Sps
pw. AhnsS Ahs\ Znhy-amb {_ckw {]m]np
p. CXn\p apv Ah\v C{Xbpw B\w Dmbnpm
hn. AXn\ptijw Ah {_mhns "A]-cmPnX'
F `h\n\Spspw. AtXmsS Ah\n {_
tXPv \ndbpp. ]ns `h\Zzmckwc- Imcmb C{
sbpw {]Pm]- XnbpsSbpw kao]w {]m]npp. amw
ImWn- - sv aptmp t]mbn "hn`p- {]- anX' F
k`maWvU]-nsepw. {_b-ip tNv Ah
_rlspw cYckmasapw t]cp cpapIm
tNXpw ssiyXw, \u[kkmaw F ]nImepI
tNXpw sshcq]w sshcmPkmaw Cu ZntWmc
]mZ tNXpw imIzcw, sschXkmaw F ]qh
]na ]mZ tNXpw Bb hnN-- W-sbp
thZnp kao]w Fpw. _pncq]nWnbpw alXz
cq]nWnbpambn B thZn {_m\nv Znhy ZrjvSn
\Ipw. ]ns {]mWkzcq]- amb "AanXu Pm' F
knwlmk\n\Spv Fpw. AXns aphi- p
cp ImepI `qX`hnjypfmWv. ]nnep Imep
I {iotZhnbpw `qaotZhnbpw. A\qNy F cp ZoL
JSzmwK- AXns D-cZnW ]mZ-fmWv. Ah
_rlpw cYc kmahpsat{X. `{Zsapw bmb-
o-b-sapw t]cp kmacq-]nep cp sNdnb
JSzmwK- ]qh]- na `mKs ]mZ- fmIpp. Ah
bn incpw ]mZhpw hbvpp. Ingp ]Snmdmb
hmSnI EtKzZkmathZ- fpsS kzc`qXamWv. hSpsX
mbn hfp ]pfpap hmSnI bPpthZ{]- Xo-
I-fmIpp. N{civanI AhnsS tImafi- t]mse
hncnncnpp. DZvKoYw AXn hncnnp ]pXmWv
evanbmIp XebW AhnsSbpv. Ans\bp
B Znhy-knwlmk\w {_mhn\v hncmPnm thn
bp-XmWv. Cu XXzw {Klnnp {_m\n B
knwlmk\n Imepshv tIdpp. Atm {_mhv
Aht\mSv tNmZnpw. "\o Bcv ?' Atlns tNmZy-
n\v C{]- Imcw adp]Sn sImSpWw.
6. EXp-c-kv aymthm kvaymImim- tZymt\x
kw`qtXm `mcym GXXv kwh-cky tXtPm-`q
Xky `qXkymm Xzammkn bkvXzakn tkm
lakv aoXn Xam- ltIm la- kv aoXn kXy- anXn
{_qbmXv Iow XZyXv kXy- anXn bZ\yXv tZth`y
{]mtW-`y XXv kZY bZv tZhm {]mWm-
XXzw XtZXbm hmNm `nhym{lnbtX kXy- antXy
Xmh- ZnZw kh- anZw ka- kn. CssXy- ssh\w
XZman XtZXZyIv tmtI\m`ypw.
bPq-Zcx kmaincm Akmhy- Mvaqn chybx k{_-
tXn k hnPob Ejn {_atbm alm\nXn. Xaml
tI\ ta ]uwkym\n \mam\n B]vt\mjn CXn {]mtW-
t\Xn {_qbmXv.
tI\ kv{Xo\mam\oXn hmtNXn tI\ \]pwk
Im\oXn a\- tkXn tI\ Kmm\nXn {]mW- t\-
I K
N P
99
tXyh {_qbmXv tI\ cq]m- WoXn Np- tjXn
tI\ i_vZm \nXn PnlztbXn tI\ A ckm
\nXn PnlztbXn tI\ IamWoXn lkv Xm-`ym-
anXn tI\ kpJ- ZpxJ CXn icntctW-XntI\\w
cXnw {]PmZnanXy]-tt\Xn. tIt\Xzm CXn ]mZm
`ym-anXn, tI\[ntbm hnw Xhyw Imam-\nXn
{]-tbXn {_qbmaml. Bt]m ssh Jep
taly-km- hbw tX temI-C- Xn-kmbm {_tWm
PnXn bm hyjvSn kvXmw PnXn PbXn Xmw hyjvSnw
hyiv \ptX b Ghw thZ b Ghw thZ. CXn
{]Ytam [ymbx
""Rm kzbw`qhpw kzbw {]Imihpw hnizns\mw
ImcW `qX\pw Bb Cuizc\n \npw Dhnh\m
Wv. Rm `qXsmaXoX\pw `qXsmw Imc
W- ambnp-h\pw PUtNX\b-amb `qXcq]- amb kwh
- cns tXPxkzcq]nbmWv. Rm EXs kw_-
nph\mWv ; EXhpamWv . Rm BmhmWv. Apw
BmhmWv. Av FmtWm AXpXs-bmWv Rm\pw.
Cu hn[- n- ep Dcw tIv {_mhv hopw
tNmZnpw "Rm BcmWv?' AXn\v {_m\n
Cs\ Dcw sImSpWw. "Av kmmXv kXy- - am
Wv.' CXptI {_mhv hopw tNmZnpw "kXysap
]d- bpXp bYm-n FmWv ?' AXn\v C{]- Imc
amWv adp]Sn sImSptXv. "GsXmmtWm Znhy-Xz
n \npw {]mW\n \npw `nhpw ApXhpw
BbnpXv AXp Xs- bmWv kXyw. Znhyhpw A\iz
chpw GsXmmtWm AXpXsbmWv kXyw. A-bn
khhpw ASnbncnp-p. AXn\m Av kXy-
amWv.'
cmw Aymbw
1. {]mtWm {_tXn l kvaml Iujo- XIn
kv Xky l hm GXky {]mWky {_tWm
at\m`qXw hmIv ]- cn- th- jv So. Np tKm]v Xr-
t{im{Xw {imh- bnXp Xkv ssa hm GXkv ssa
{]mWmb {_tW GXmx khm tZhXm Bbm
Nam\mb _enw lcn XtYm Ghmkvssa khm
Wn `qXm\n AbmN am\mssbh _enw lcn b
Ghw thZ Xtkym- ]- \n- j- - bm- tN- ZnXn XZyYm
{Kmaw `nnXzm Ae-_vt[zm-]hn timl- atXm
Za-iv\o- bmanXn. b Gssh\w ]pckvXmXv {]Xym
Nocw kvX Gssh\ap]a{bt ZZmaX CXn.
Gj [tm bmNntXm `hXn. A\yXkvtXzssh
\ap]a{bt ZZma X CXn.
Iujo- XIn aljn ]d-bpXv {]mW XsbmWv
{_samWv. Cu {]mW\mIp {_s cmPmhn
s\tmse IcpXWw. hmv AXns cmnbmWv . sNhn
ktiw tInp Zzmc]meI\mWv. t\{Xw AwK-c
- I. a\v ZqX\mIpp. kth{nb- fpw AhbpsS
A`nam\nIfmb tZhXam aptJ\ Bhiys-SmsX Xs
{]mW\mIp {_n\v D]-lmc cq]- n \Is-
ncnpp. Cu clkyw Adnbp- h\v bmNnmsX Xs
khNcmNcfpw D]-lmcw kanpp. Hcp bmN
I Hcp {Kman t]mbn `n bmNnv Hpw InmsX
\ncmi\mbn B {KmahmknI sImSpmepw AmZn
I kzoI- cn- p- I- bn- sp \n- bn- p- - Xp- t]mse
{]mWs\ D]mknp km[I BtcmSpw bmsXmpw
bmNnm ]mSnsXv Xs ]mh\Ihy-sav Icp
Xpp. Ah Xs \nb-n ZrVNn\mbncnp
p. Fsm bmNI\n ssZ\y-`mhw kzm`mhnIam
Wv. Cu ssZ\y-`mhw sImmWv Ah\v `n-InpXv.
IqSmsX BfpI Ahs\ hnfnv "\n\v `n-Xcmw'
Fp ]d- bpp AXpw Ah\nsb Zo\`mhw \nanam
W-tm.
2. {]mtWm {_tXn l kv aml ss]wKy-
kv Xky l hm GXky {]mWky {_tWm
hmIv ]ckv X- p- cmcpt Npx ]ckv XmXv
t{im{Xamcpt t{im{Xw ]ckv XmXv a\ Bcpt
a\x ]c- kv XmXv {]mW Bcpt Xkv ssa hm
GXkv ssa {]mWmb {_W GXmx khmtZ-
hXm Abm- N- am- \mb _en w lcn XtYm
Ghmkvssa khmWn `qXm\n BbmNam\mssbh
_enw- l- cn b Ghw thZ Xtkym- ]\n j
bmtNZnXn XZyYm {Kmaw `nnXzm Ae_vt[zm]-
hn- ti- m- l-a- tXmZ- - aiv \o-bm- an-Xnb Gssh\w
]pckvXmZv {]Xym No-cmkv X Gssh\ ap]-a-
{bt ZZma CtXyj [tmbmNntXm `hXy
\yXkvXp Gssh\ ap]- a{bt ZZma X CXn.
{]mW XsbmWv {_sav ss]wKyaljnbpw
]d- bpp. {_w \nanw hmn\pw AXo-Xambn t\t{X
{nbw `hnpp. {_w t\t{X{nbs Fm`mKp
\npw BhcWw sNbvXnpv t{imt{X{nbn\pw AXo
Xambn a\pv a\paptJ\ t{imt{X{nbw Fm `mK-
p\npw BhcWw sNbvXncnpp. {]mW Xs
bmWv {_w khtZhXIfpw B {]mW\mIp {_
n\v bmNnmsX Xs D]-lmcw \Ipp. AXv
BtcmSpw Hpw bmNnpIbn. Hcn Hcp bmNI
Hcp {Kman t]mbn `n bmNnpp. `n Inm
]w \ncmi\mbn Ah C\n Rm HcmtfmSpw `n
tNmZnpIbnsv i]Yw sNpp. Ahs B ZrV
\nbw Iv apv `n sImSppIbnsv ]d- -
h Xs hnfnp hcpn \n\v `n-Xcmw Fv ]d-
bpp.
3. AYmXI GI [\mhtcm-[\w btZI[\w
A`n[ymbmXv ]u-amkyw hm Aamhmkymbmw
hm ip]t hm ]ptWy \t{X Anw D]-
I K
N P
100
kam[mb ]cn kaqly ]cnkvXocy ]cyptymXv
]qbb ZnWw PmmNy {kpthW hm Natk\
hm Iwtk\ sshXm BPym- lp- Xn PptlmXn
hmMv\ma tZhXm Ahtcm[n\o kmta Aapjvam
ZnZw Ahcpmw Xssky kzmlm. {]mtWm \ma
tZhXm Ahtcm[n-\okm ta Aapjvam-ZnZw Ah
cpmw Xssky kzmlm. Np \ma tZhXm Ah
tcm[n\o km ta AapjvamZnZw Ahpcmw Xssky
kzmlm. t{imXw \ma tZhXm Ahtcm[n \o kmta
AapjvamZnZw Ahcpmw Xssky kzmlm. at\m
\ma tZhXm Ahtcm[n\o km ta AapjvamZnZw
Ahcpmw Xssky kzmlm. {]m \ma tZhXm
Ah-tcm- [n\o kmta Aap- jv am- ZnZw Ah- cpmw
Xssky kzmlm CXyY [qa- Kw {]Pn- {Lmb
BPy- tet]\ AwKm\n A\phnarPy hmNw btam
A`n {]{hPy Aw {_hoX `qXw hm {]ln
WpbmXv e`tX sslh.
A\cw [\ \ntcm[\sn ]d- bpp. ]q-
amknbntem Aamhmknbntem at- sXnepw ]pWy-Xn
Ynbpw \- {Xhpw hcp Znhktam [\w B{K- lnp
hyn An m]nv Ipihncnv a{w sImv hnip
amb Pew Xfnv ]m{Xn shps\pw ipoIcnv
bYmhn[n BlpXn kanWw. "hmWo tZhn' B{K-
l- - sfmw km[nnphfmWv . tZhn {]mtWm]mk\
sNp- h\v CXn\m Cn [\w ssI hcps'
Cs\ sNmn BlpXn sNpI. {]mWtZhX A`o-
jvTknn \Ip- XmWv. {]mtWm]mkI\mb F\nv
[\w ssI hcps. Fp sNmn BlpXn Anp
I. Npmb tZhn Ima\ km[nnp-hfmWv. tZhn
{]mtWm]mkI\mb F\nv Cn[\w ssI hcp
s. t{im{Xw F tZhn A`ojvS ^fZmbn\nbmWv. {]mW
{_tm]mkI\mb F\nv tZhn Cn [\w ssIhcp
s. Ahmbn BlpXn kanpp. a\mIp
C{nbw A`o-jvS^ew \IpXmWv. {]mtWm]mkI
\mb F\nv AXv Cn [\w ssI hcps. Cs\
BlpXnI sImSpXn\p tijw [qKw {LmWnp
Ibpw lh\minjvSamb LrXw ]pcpIbpw au\w hcnv
[\m[n]s\ kao-]nv [\w Bhiy-sav ]d- bpIbpw
sNpI. B hyn Zqscsb-hnsSsb-nepamsW- n
ZqX aptJ\ ktiab-bvmw. Cu Iw B{K- ln
^ew \Ipw.
4. AYmtXm ssZhx kvatcm bky {]ntbm_p
`q- tj- Zyssky hm Gjmw ssh tXjm- assh
Ikv an ]hWn Anw D]- kam[mb GXbm
Gh BhrssXy Xm BPym- lp- Xn PqtlmXn
hmNw tX abn Pqtlm- ayku kzmlm. {]mWw
tXabn Pqtlm- ayku kzmlm. Np- kv tX- abn
Pqtlmayku kzmlm. t{im{XwtX abn Pqtlm
ayku kz ml. a\kv tX abn Pqtlm- ayku
kzmlm. {]mw tX abn Pqtlmayku kzmlm.
CXyY [qa- Kw {]Xn- {Lmb BPy- te- t]\
AwKm\n A\phnarPy hmNwbtam A`n{]-{hPykw
kv]iw PnK- antj ]nhmXm Zzm kw`mj-W-amWx
XnjvtTXv {]ntbmsslh `hXn kvacn sslhm
kv am- Xv.
A\cw hmMv aqew knamIp A`ojvS]qnsb
n ]d- bpp. D]mk-I Bsnepw {]nbwIc\mI
W- sav B{K-lnp ]w Ah hmKmZn tZhX
Iv {]nb-\mIWw. AXn\v GsXnepw ]pWy-XnYn
bn bYmhn[n tlmamNmc- sfmw \nhlnv LrXm
lpXn kanWw. "Rm \ns hmmIp C{n
bs Fn lh\w sNpI. Fs Imcyw km[np
amdm- IWw. Cu BlpXn Ans Rm Fs
{]mWs\ Fn lh\w sNpp. F\nv Imcy knn
bpmIs. Cu BlpXn kanpp. Rm \ns
t\{Xsf Fn lh\w sNpp. "Fs Imcyw
km[ns. Cu BlpXn kzoIcnpI. Rm \ns
t{im{Xsf Fn lh\w sNpp. Fs Imcyw
km[npamdmIs. Cu BlpXn ssIsmpI. Rm
\ns a\ns\ Fn lh\w sNpp. Fs Imcyw
km[ns. Cu BlpXn kzoIcnpI; BlpXnIp
tijw [qaKw Gv tlmamnX LrXw AwK- - fn
]pcn au\ahew_nv B{K-ln hynsb kao-]n
Ww. ]ns hmbv i_vZw CnX hyn hsc Fnp
- Xn klmb- Iamb m\v \npsImv ]d-bWw
AtXmsS B hyn {]nbwIc\mbno-cpw. IqSmsX
m\w hnXn\pti-jhpw Abm Hmnpw.
5. AYmXx kmwb- a\w {]mXZ- \- am- - c- an
tlm{Xw CXn N BNtX bmhssZz ]pcptjm
`mjtX \ XmhXv {]mWnXyw iIvt\mXn {]mWw
XZm hmNn PqtlmXn bmhssZz ]pcptjm {]mWnXn
\ XmhXv `mjnXpw iIvt\mXn hmNw XZm {]mtW
PptlmXn. GtX A\t AarXmlpXo Pm{K
kz]v\w kXahyhn\w PqtlmXyYbm A\ym
BlpXtbm AhXv bkv Xmx Ia atm ln
`hn GX ssh ]qth hnZzmwtkm An-
tlm{Xw \ Pplphmw N{Ipx
A\cw ZnthmZmk ]p{X\mb {]X\ A\p
jvTn kmwb-a\w F Antlm{Xsn ]d-bpp.
a\pjy\v kwkmcnpsImncns ]q-coXnbn izkn
m km[ya. B Ln {]mWs\ hmWnbmIp
Anbn lh\w sN-Ww. hmpw {]mWmlpXnIfpw
Hcnepw Ahkm\nmXmWv . Ah Aac- fmIpp.
DWncnptmgpw Dd-ptmgpw PohnI Cu Blp
XnI tlmanp sImp XsbncnWw. hmn\pw
{]mWmlpXnIpw `n-amb Ahmhnti-j- -fmWv.
{Zhy sImp BlpXnI ]qsav ]d- bm
I K
N P
101
\nhrnbn. {]mNo- \Imes m\nI AXdnn
cpp. Ah tIhew I abamb BlpXnIv Gsd
{]m[m\yw sImSp-ncpn.
6. Dw {_tXn l kvaml ipjvI `rwKmcx
XZrKnXyp-]m-koX khmWn lmkv ssa `qXm\n
t{ijvTym bm`yNyt XXv bpcnXyp]mkoX
khmWn lm kv ssa `q Xm\n ss{ ijv Tym
bpPyt XXv k{io- cn- a- Xyp- ]m- koX khmWn
lmkvssa `qXm\n ss{ijvTymb kw\at XXv
{iocn-Xyp-]mkoX XZyi CXyp]m-koX XtP
CXyp]mko- X. XZyssY XXv imkv{XmWmw {ioa
- aw. bi- kzn- Xaw tXP- kzn\w XtYm Gssh
hnZzm kthjmw `qXm\mw {iotam bikzo
Xax tXPkzo Xtam `h- Xn. XtaX ssajv SIw
I abmXv am\w A[z cypx kwkv I- tcmXn
Xkvan, bp abw {]hbXn bPpab EIv abw
tlmXm EIv atb kma- a- b- ap- Zv KmXm k Gj
khssky {Xb hnZymbm Bssj D Ghm
kymm GX Zmm `hXn b Ghw thZ.
{]mW- s\- - s- bmWv alm- m- hmb ipjv I`rw
Kmc\pw {_-sap ]d-bp- Xv. DIvY cq]-nep
{]mWs\ EIv Fv IcpXn D]mknpI. {]mW cq]-
nep DIvYs EIv Fv Adnbp m\nsb
temInse alXzw B{K-lnp kIe PohnIfpw
]qPnpp. Dn bPp _pntN D]mk- Is\
alXzImwnI klmbnpp DIv Yn kma_pn
tN km[Is\ DXvItj-p \akvIcnpp.
DIvYs {io`mth\ D]mknmw. AXn btim`mhw
Dv. tXPv F \nebnepw AXv D]mknmw. t{ijvT
amb [\pv in khpw Gsd tXtPmabhpw Bbn
cnp- Xpt]mse Cu cl- ky-adnbp- h t{ijvT\pw
bi-kznbpw {iok--\pamIpp.
CjvSnImcNnXamb thZnbn knX Ibp- amb
{]mWmnsb B kzcq]- n kzoIcnp. EXznv
BkwkvImcw sNWw. bpthZhn[n{]- Imcw kn
amb I A\pjvTnWw. bpthZob I
-fn EtKzZknIsf tbmPnnpIbpw kma
th-Zm-\p-kr-X-- fmb A\pjvTm-\ kapNnX-ambn
tbmPnnpIbpw sNptm ]q- amb ^eknnbp
mIpp. aqp thZhnZy-bptSbpw Bmhv A[zcy-am
Ip {]mW\mWv. {]mW XsbmWv Cu hnZy-bpsS
Bmhv . {]mWs\n Cs\ Adnbp hyn kzbw
{]mW-k- am\-\mIpp.
CjvSnImcNnXamb thZnbn knX Ibp- amb
{]mWmnsb B-kzcq]-n kzoIcnp. EXznv
B-kwkvImcw sN-Ww. bpthZ hn[n{]Imcw
knamb I A\pjvTnWw. bpthZob
I- fn EtKzZknIsf tbmPnnp-Ibpw
kmathZm\pkrX- fmb A\pjv Tm\ kapNnXambn
tbmPnnpIbpw sNptm ]q- amb ^eknnbp
mIpp. aqp thZhnZy-bpsSbpw Bmhv A[zcy-am
Ip {]mW\mWv. {]mW XsbmWv Cu hnZy-bpsS
Bmhv . {]mWs\n Cs\ Adnbp hyn kzbw
{]mW-am\\mIpp.
5. AYmXx khPnXx Iujo-XtIxkv {XoWn
D]mk\m\n `hn. btm]-hoXw IrXzm A]
BNay {XncpZ ]m{Xw {]knNy DZyamZnXyap]-
Xn-jv TtX. htmkn ]m]-am\w ta hrMv [otXy
Xssb- hm- hrXm at[y k- ap- Zz tm Akn
]m]v am\w a DZv hrMv [o tXyX ssbhm- hrXm
Akv Xw bw kwhtm kn ]m]v am\w ta
kwhrMv [oXn bZtlmcm{Xm`ymw ]m]w ItcmXn
k XZv hrMv tX AY amkn- am- ky- am- hm- kymbmw
]m- - {- akw Zriy am\- ap- ]- Xn - jv tT- ssXX
ssbhmhrtXm lcnX XrWm`ymw hmIv {]Xy-b-
kyXnbt kpkoaw lrZb-a[n {inXw tX\ arX
Xztky imt\ am lw ]u{XaLw cpZanXn \
lmkvamXv ]qhmx {]Pmx ss{]XoXn \p PmX]p
{Xky AY APmX ]p{Xky A]ymb-kzktaXp
tX kw tX ]bmwkn kapbp hmPm bamZnXym
Awipam]ybn tXyXmkvXn {k EtNm P]nXzm
am AkvamIw {]mtW\ {]Pbm ]ip`n cm]ymb-
bnjvTm tbm Akvam tZzjvSn bw N hbw Zznjva
kvXky{]mtW\ {]Pbm ]ip`n cm]ymb tkzXn
ssZho- am- hrX amh BZn- Xy- kym- hrX a\zm-
h CXn ZnWw _mlpa\zmhtX.
Iujo-XIn aljnv aqp XhWbpmb A\p
`qX D]mk\sb-- nbmWv C\n ]d- bpXv. CSp`mK
ncpv BNanpI; ]ns ]m{Xw hnip \ne
Pew sImv aqp{]mhiyw \ndbvpI. ]ns DZb
kqcy\v ALyw sImSpv ]d-bWw "{]]-s XrW
Xpeyw XyPnpIbm Asb hw Fv ]d- bpp.
Fs ]m]w \innpI. ]ns a[ym- n kqcys\
\akvIcnv ]d- bpI' "Asb DZzw Fv ]d- bpp.
Fs ]m]w \innp. kymImepw Cs\ ]d-
bWw: Asb kwhw Fp ]d- bpp. Fs ]m]
sf AIpI, Cu D]mk\bpsS ]cnWnX^-eambn
a\pjy-a\v ]cnipamIpp. Ah cm{Xntbm ]Item
Hcnepw ]m]w sNpn. cmas D]mk\ ]d-
bmw. Hmtcm amknepw Aamhmky Znhkw kqcyaWvU
ens ]Snmdv `mKv nXnsNp kpjpav\m
civanbn N{ nXnsNpXv ImWmw. B Ln
kqcys\ ]qPnWw. ALy-n\p Pe]m{Xn
cp]-]pns apfshp {]mnWw. "N{aWvU-
ens A[njvTm{Xnbmb tZhn kpc `mh\ Ie
`hXnbpsS lrZbw N{aWvUen hncmPnpp.
AXp aptJ\ tZhn Ah\mi-]- Zm[nImcnWnbmWv. Rm
I K
N P
102
]p{XtimIm Hcnepw ZpxJnv IcbmXncnm
Fn Zb sNpI.' Cs\ D]mknph ]p{X
hm\msW- n Ahs ]p{X AbmfpsS acW- n\p
apv acnn. ]p{Xlo-\\msW-n apnestmse
Xmsg kqNnnp a{w P]nWw. "tl \mco-cq]-
bmb tkma, \o ]pcpj cq]nbmb kqcys tXPv kzoI
cnv {]hrampI. DXv]-nv ImcW- `q-Xamb hocy-
amb tXPv \nn nXn sN-s. \o A- {]m
]v Xnpw tlXphmIpI. tkma, \o kuay- KpW- hm\mWv.
\ns t{ijvT ckw ]pcpjv D]-Imcw sNpXpw
inZmbIhpw i{Xpsf ]cmPbs-Spm ka-
hpamWv. B ckw PohnIv A\mbmkambn e`np
amdmIs. \o tXtPmab\mbn Rv AacXzw ssIh
cppI. kz- n t{ijvTamb biv {]Xnjv TnpI.
kv {Xo cq]-amb tkmas ZzmZimZnXy- mcmb ]pcp
j-m X-fpsS hocy-amIp tXPpsImv B\n
npp. Ab _eap tkmaw ]m\w sNpp.
tkmaXwcwK- -fm ss{XtemIy kwc--I\mb hcp
W\pw _rl- kv ]- Xnbpw Rv _ehpw B\hpw
\IpamcmIs. tl tkma, \o R-fpsS Poh {]P
I arK Fnhbn \ns hniv ianncpXv.
Fm R- tfmSv sshcap-htcm Rv sshcap
-htcm Bb-hcpsS Poh kXn arK Fnh
bn \o kwXr]v X\mIWw. Rm Cu a{ns A[n
]- \mb tZhXsbbpw \ns k-b-\{Inbsbbpw A\p
hnp- h\mWv.' Cs\ Ens ]mT klnXw
heXp`pPw A\zmh\w sNpI.
6. AY ]q-amkymw ]pckvXmXv N{akw
Zriyam\w D]- XnjvtTX GXssb-hmhrXm tkmtam
cmPm kn hnNWx ]aptJm kn {]Pm]Xn
{_mWkvX GIw apJw tX\ aptJ\ cmtm
kvan tX\ aptJ\ amw AmZw Ipcp. cmPm X
GIw apJw tX\ aptJ\ hntimXv kntX\ aptJ\
amw AmZw Ipcp. tiy\kvXp GIw tX\ aptJ\
]ntWmn tX\ aptJ\ am AmZw Iph
njvS GIw apJw tX\ aptJ\ Caw temIan
tX\ aptJ\ ama-mZw Ipcp Xzbn ]aw apJw
tX\ aptJ\ khmWn `qXm\ykvXn tX\ aptJ\
amamZw Ipcp. am kvamcw {]mtW\ {]Pbm ]ip
`ncht-]jvSm tbm kvam tZzjvSn bw Nhbw
Zznjva-kvXky {]mtW\ {]Pbm ]ip`n-c]- ob
tkzXn ssZho-amhrXm amhr BZnXykym hrX
a-\zmh CXn `nWw _lp- am- \zmh-- tX.
AY kwthiy Pmbssb lrZb-a`narti- Zyt
kpkota lrZtb lnX ax {]Pm]Xu at\ylw
amw XZv hnZzmwkw tX\ am lw ]u{Xalw cpZ
anXn \lmkvamXv ]qhmx {]Pmx ss{]Xo- Xn.
A\cw hyXy- kv Xamb Hcp D]mk\sbnbmWv
]d-bp-Xv. ]uan Znhkw kybvv Ingp Znn
{]Xy- -sSptm N{s\ \akvIcnv Xmsg sImSp
p a{w DcnWw. "Atbm tkma, Av temI
nse {]IrXn cq]nWnbmb DatbmSpIqSnb tkmas\p
t]cp cmPmhmWv. Av khImcy-Ipie\pw ]-ap
J-\pamb {]Pm]XnbmWv. {_mW A-bpsS Hcp
apJ- amWv . B apJw sImv Av {Xnb cmPmmsc
`npp. B apJw sImpXs Fs Aw `n
p- Xn\pw Zl\n\pw i\mpw. {Xnb A-
bpsS Hcp apJ-amWv. AXpsImv Av sshiy-msc
`npp. AtXapJw sImv Av Fs A `-
W-n\pw Zl\n\pw i- \mpI. tiy\w A- bpsS
Hcp apJ-amWv. AXpsImv Av ]nIsf `np
p. B apJw sImv Ap Fs A `-W
n\pw Zl\n\pw ka-\mpI. An A- bpsS
Hcp apJ- amWv . AXpsImv Av Cu {]]-s `n
pp. B apJw sImv Av Fs A `-I\m
pI. A- bpsS Amas apJw sImv Av kh
{]mWnIsfbpw `npp. AXpsImv Av Fs
A-t`mPnbmpI. Av Fs {]mW {]P arK-
Fnh Hns\bpw \inncpXv. R-fpsS i{Xp
fpsS {]mWs\bpw {]PIsfbpw arK- sfbpw \innp
I. Rm a{m[n]- Xnbmb tZhXsbbpw A-bpsS k-
c- W- {In- b- sbbpw A\p- hn- p Iq- n- em- Wv .'
Cs\ at{mmcWtmsS hes `pPw A\zm
h\w sNpI.
Cs\ tkmas\ ]qPnXn\ptijw ]Xv\nbpsS
amhnSw kv]inv AhfpsS ASpncpv Cs\ ]d-
bWw: "t{ijvTIma\ItfmSp IqSnb- hsf, \o tkmacq]n
WnbmWv. \ns lrZbw {]PIsf t]mjnnp-XmWv.
AXn nXn sNp tkma-a- Wv Ue kZr- i-amb
AarXw F\ndnbmw. Cu kXy-IY\m ]p{Xtim
I- m F\n- sm- cn- epw ZpxJn- m- \n- S- bm- I- cp- Xv .
Cs\ sNmnbm km[Is km\ Ah\p
apv arXnb- SbpIbn.
7. AY t{]mjym-b ]p{Xky aq[m\a-`nar
ti-Xv. AwKmZwKmXv kw`hkn lrZbmZ[nPmbtk
Bm Xzw ]p{Xamhn[ k Poh icZx iXakm
hnXn \mamky KrlvWm-Xn. Aiv am `h ]c-ip
`h. lncWy- akvXyXw `h. tXtPm ssh]p{X\m
amkn k Poh icZx iX- am- km- hnXn \mamky
KrlvWmXn tb\ {]Pm]Xnx {]Pmx ]cyKrlvWmXv
AcnjvssSy tX\ Xzm ]cnKr-lvWmay kmhn{Xn
\mamky KrlvWmXn AYmky ZntW It
P]Xy kvssa {]bn aL-hp PohnjnnXo{
t{ijvTm\n {ZhnWm\n tZloXn kthy amnm
am hyYnjvSm iXw icZ Bbptjm Poh]p{X tX
\mav \m ap[m \ahPn-{Lmhy-kmhnXn{Xnap[m
\ahPnt{LXv Khmw Xzm lnmtcWm`nlnw Itcm
aoXn {Xn aq[m\ a`n lnw IpcymXv.
I K
N P
103
A\y tZi- p\npw Xncnsnb ]nXmhv Xs
]p{Xs incn {LmWnv Cs\ ]d- bWw: AwK-
n\npw lrZb-n \npw Dmb-h\mWv. \o
Fs \cIn \nv cnp. \o \qdphjw Pohn
ncnpI. \o hwi- ]- ccsb hnn-amnocpXv.
a\km hmNm ico-tcW \o Hcnepw ]oUnX\mbn Xoc
cpXv. ]ip AXns InSmhns\ hnfnm i_vZapm
p- Xpt]mse Rm\pw \ns kv t\l]qhw hnfnp
IbmWv. Cs\ ]dv kqNnnsnp a{
bYmhn[n sNmWw.
8. AYmtXm tZhx ]cnkcx GXssZz {_mZn
]ytX bZ- n PzeXn X{n- btX b PzeXn
XkymZnXy tah tXmtPm KXn hmbpw {]mWx
GXssZz {_ Zo]ytX bZm- ZntXy ZriytX
AssYX{nbtX X Zriy tX Xky N{amk
tah tXtPm KXn hmbpw {]mWx GXssZz {_
Zo- ]ytX XZv hnZyptZymXtX AssYX {nbXv b
hntZymXtX Xky hmbptah tXtPm KXn hmbpw
{]mWx Xm hmw GXmx khmx tZhXm hmbptah
{]hniy hmbu arXm\NvOt Xkvamssh ]p\
cp`o-cX CXyZn ssZhXw. AYm[ymw GXssZz
{_ Zo]ytX bZzmNmb-ZXy ssYX{an-btX b
hZXn Xky {_- Zo- ]ytX b- pjm ]iyXn
GXXvv#nbtX b ]iyXn Xky t{im{X tah
tXmtPm KXn {]mWw {]mWx GXssZz {_Zo-
]ytX b- \km [ymbXy ssYX{nbtX b
[ymbXn Xky {]mW-tah tXtPmK- Xn. {]mWx
Xm Gh GXm khmx tZhXmx {]mW-tah {]hniy
{]mW-n]vXm \ aqOt Xkvam ssZzh ]p\cp
Zo- ctX. ZXy- Znl hm Ghw hnZzmw k D`u ]hXm
h`n {]htbmXmw XpkvXqj-amWm `nW-
tmc \sslssh\w kvXrWzo-bmXmw AY
b G\w Zznjn bmw kzbw tZzjvSn X G\w
kth ]cn- {an- b- t. irWz a\km [ymb
inipx Gh AssY\Xv at\m {]hnthi XZv hm
Nmh- Zpjm. ]iyXv t{imt{XW irWz
a\km [ymb inipx GhmssY\Xv {]mW.
tZh]cnkcsnbmWv C\n ]d-bp- Xv. Cu euIn
Imn ianptm AXmbXv acnptm AXns
tXPv kqcy- \ntebvv t]mIpp. kqcy adbptm
AXns tXPv N{\ntebv v t]mIpp. AXpt]mse
N{s tXPv hnZypnepw hnZypnsXv hmbphnepw
{]thinp-p. AtX {]Imcn Xs a\pjy
hmp aptJ\ FmtWm? kwkmcnpXv AXv {_
cq]w XsbmWv. hmv Ahkm\nptm AXns
tXPv Npn {]thinpp. Npv ASbptm
AXns in ImXpIfn {]thinpp. ImXns
in Ahkm\nptm AXv a\n sNs- p
p. a\v \njv{Inb-ambnocptm AXns tXPv
{]mW- fnsepp. hopw {]mW- - fn \npw Cu
kh inIfpw Bhn`hnpp. Cu hn]- cnWmas
-nbp m\w knn hynbpsS B ]hX
n- \p- t]mepw A\m- Z- cn- m km[y- a- . Ahs\
FXnp- hv \mi-amWv ]cnWmaw. Cu hn[w ImWp
Ibpw NnnpIbpw tIpIbpw apw sNp inip
XsbmWv {]mW.
9. AYmtXm \nx t{ib-kmZm\w khm l ssh
tZhXm Alw t{ibtk hnhZam\mx AkvamZv ico-
cmXv D{Iapx Xmcp`qXw intcm ssY\Xv hmv
{]hnthi XZzmNm hZnipx Gh AssY\px
{]hn- thi XZzmNm Ah- Z-p jm ]iy- nipx
Ghm ssY\Xv {]mWx {]hn-thi XZzm-Nm- hZ--
pjm ]iyXv t{imt{XW irWz a\km[ym
b inip Ghm ssY\Xv {]mWx {]hnthi- XX
Gh kapu tXtZhm {]mtW \nt{i- bkw
hnZnXzw {]mW-tah {]mm\w A`nkw `qb
ksslssXx ksshckvamXv temImXv D{Iapx
tX hmbp {]Xnjv Tm BIm- im- m\x kzco- bp-
kvXYm Gsshhw hnZzm kthjmw `qXm\mw
{]mW-tah {]mm\ a`n kw`qb ksslXx
ksshckvamXv ico- cmXv DXv{ImaXn k hmbp
{]Xnjv T BIm- im- m- kz- tcXn k XZv `hXn
Xss{XtX tZhmk XXv {]m]y XZartXm `hXn
bZarXmx tZhmx
Hcn hmv Npv t{im{Xw a\v FnhbpsS
tZhXam Al- mcnIfmbn X- fpsS t{ijv TXzw m]n
p-Xn\mbn {]mWt\msSmw ico-cn \npw ]pd-
pt]mbn. AXn\ptijw Cu C{nb- - fpsS tZhXam
Hmtcmcpcmbn ico- cn {]thinp. As\ {]th
intXmsS icocw kwkmcnpXn\pw ImWp-Xn\pw
tIp- Xn\pw Nnnp- Xn\pw Bcw`ambn. Fm
{]mW CmXncpXpsImv th hn[n Imcy-
-aX {]Zinnm Ahv Ignn. AtXmsS
kIe C{nb-pw {]mWs alXzw AwKo-Icn
msX Xcansp hp. {]mW\mWv kthm]cn al
XzsaXv Ahscmw k- Xnp. BImi kzcq]- - fmbn
Ah kz- nsenx AarXXzhpw ssI hcnp.
10. AYmXx ]nXm ]p{Xobw kw {]Zm\anXn N
BN- tX. ]nXm ]p{Xw t{]jvT-mlzbXn \
sshXrssW-cwKmcw kwkvXocy Anw D]mkam
[mb DZ- Ipw`w k{]m- {X- ap- ]- \n- [mb Bl- tX\
hmkkm kw{]- x kzbw tiyX GXy ]p{X\
D]-cnjvSmZ`n\n]-Zy-tX. C{nssb- c-tky-{nbmWn
kwkv ]r- iym]n hm A`n - ap- JX Ghm koX
AYmkv ssa kw{]-bXn hmNw ta Xzbn Z[m\oXn
]nXm hmNw tX abn Z[ CXn ]p{Xx {]mWw
taXzbn Z[m\oXn ]nXm {]mWw tX abn Z[ CXn
I K
N P
104
]p{Xx Np ta Xzbn Z[m\oXn ]nXm. Np
kvtXabn Z[ CXn ]p{Xx t{im{Xw ta Xzbn Z[m
\oXn ]nXm t{km{Xw ta abn Z[ CXn ]p{Xx
AmckmXv ta Xzbn Z[m\o-Xn. ]nXm A ckmw
kv tX abn Z[ CXn ]p{Xx ImWn ta Xzbn
Z[m\o-Xn. ]nXm ImWn ta abn Z[ CXn. ]p{Xx
kpJ ZpxtJ ta Xzbn Z[m- \o- Xn. ]nXm kpJ
ZpxJtX abn Z[ CXn . ]p{Xx B\w cXnw
{]PmXow tX abn Z[ CXn. ]p{X CXymta Xzbn
Z[m\oXn ]nXm CXymkvtX abn Z[ CXn ]p{Xx
[ntbm hnmXhyw Imam ta Xzbn ZnZm\oXn
]nXm [ntbm hnmXhyw Imamw kvtX abn Z[
CXn ]p{Xx AY ZnWm hpXv {]mMp ]\n jv{Ia-
XnXw ]nXm \p a{-btX btim {_ h
kamZyw Ion kvXzmpj XmanXytY Xcx
khyw ka\zt]-tX ]mWn\m A [mb hk
\mt\ hm{]- mZy kzmXv temImXv I Imam
\m]v \p loXn kbcy KZx kymXv ]p{XssWy
iztcy ]n Xm- k- h- tkXv ]cn - hm- tP- ZyZyp ssh
t{]bmZy tZssh\w kam]bmXn XYm. kam]bn
Xthym `hXn XYm kam]bnXthym `hXn. CXn
ZznXo-tbm-[ym-bx
Xs Ay-Imew kao]npshv t_m[yw hm
]nXmhn\v ]p{Xs\ hnfnv Xs {]mWinsb Ah
\n {]XnjvTnmhp- XmWv. AXn\mbn Abm ]p{Xs
khmwK-fpw kv]inv Xs hmv, {]mW {LmWw
Npv t{im{Xw A-ckw Iw kpJ ZpxJ-
kmt\mXv]mZ\ in kmcin _pn apXem
bh Ah\v {]Zm\w sNmw. ]p{X\v Ah kzoIcnmhp
- XmWv . AXn\ptijw ]nXmhv PohnncnpIbmsW-n
]p{Xs\ B{i-bnv IgnpIqSpItbm k\ymkw kzoI
cnv Krlw ssI shSnbpItbm Bhmw. As\ ]p{X\v
]nXmhns kh inIfpw ssI hcnm Ignbpw
AtXmsS ]p{X ]nXmhns bYm A\cmhIm
inbmbn `hnpp.
]p{Xt\mSv ]nXmhv ]d- bpXpw ]p{X {]Xypc
ambn ]d- bp- Xpamb hmIy--fmWv aqen Dsm
p-Xv.
aqmw Aymbw
1. {]XZt\m l ssZthmZmkncn{ky {]nbw
[mtam- ]- P- Km- a. bpt\ N ]ucp- tjW N Xw
tl{x DhmNx {]XZ- \, hcw tX ZZm \nXn.
ktlmhmN {]XZ\x Xztah hrWojz bw Xzw
a\pjymb lnXXaw a\yk CXn Xw tl{ Dhm
Nb \ ssh htcm Ahckvssa hrWo-tX. Xztah
hrWo- tjy- tXyh ahtcm ssh Ine CXn tlm
hmN. {]ZZ\x AY Jep C{x kXymtZh t\\m
b. kXyw lo{x ktlmhmN. am tah hnPm\oln
GX-tZhmlw a\p-jymb lnXXaw at\y- bamw
hnPm\o-bmXv. {Xn{io-iojmWmw Xzmjv{Sa-l\-a
cpapJm\y- Xo kmemhrtI`yx {]mbw hox
kw[m AXn{Iay Znhn {]mZo bm\XrW al-a
cot ]utemam ]rYnhymw ImeJm\Pm.
Xky ta X{X \ tema N am aob-tX. ktbm amw
hnPm\o- bmmky tI\ N IWm temtIm aob-
tX. \ amXrht[\ \ ]nXrht[\ \ kvtXtb\
\ {`qW-l- Xybm \mky ]m]w N\NIrtjm apJm
oew th XoXn.
ZnthmZmks ]p{X\mb {]X\ Hcn kz-
n t]mbn. Atlns bp NmXpcyhpw ]pcp
jmhpw Iv C{ hfsc kpjvS\mbn Cs\
]dp: "Rm Abvv Fp hcw XcWw?' {]X
\ ]dp: "tZhcmP, Av GsXmcp hkvXphmtWm
a\pjy PmXnv awK- fImcnsbp a\nempXv AXv
Xcq. hcw ApXs Xncs- SppI.'AXptIv C{
]dp: "hcw Bcpw A\ypthn tNmZnmdn.'
AXn\m A- bvsmhiytam AXv tNmZnmw. {]Z
\ ]d-p. A- s\sbn F\nv Hcp hchpw tNmZn
m\n. C{ GXmbmepw hmn \nv ]namdnbn
. kXy-kzcq]- \mb C{ ]dp: "{]X\, Av
Fs a\nempI. a\pjy- PmXnv Fs \t]mse
a\nemp- XmWv awK- fIcw.'
{]Pm]-XnbpsS ]p{X\mb hnizcq]-s\ {Xnincns\
Rm h{Pmbp[m l\np. B{i- a{`jvScmb k\ym
knamsc AwK-`wKw hcpn Ipdp\cnIv sImSpp.
{]mZ ]cnNmcIcmb cm-kamsc sImpw {]tem
amkpcs ]cnNmIscbpw ImeImiysc ssZXyscbpw
sImsmSpn. AXpsImsmpw F\nv oWw `hn
n. Cs\ Fs a\nemnbm AbmfpsS ]pWy
temIw Ap- ambncnpw. Fs bYm kzcq]w
{Klnhs\ Hcp ]m]hpw D]- {Zhnn. Ah Hcp ]m]-
nepw ]mfnbmIn. ]m]{]hrn Pm{K- mbmepw
Ahs apJv \oeabpmhn.
2. k tlm hmN {]mtWm kvan {]mmXw
amambpcarXan-Xyp]mkzm. Bbpx {]mWx {]mtWm
hm Bbpx {]mW Ghm arXw bmhXv ln Ak
an icotc {]mtWm hkXn Xmh Zmbpx {]mtW\
ln Gh Akvan temtI AarX Xzam]vt\mXn.
{]tbm kXyw kev]w k tbm aambpc
arXanXyp]mkvtX khambpckvan temI bG
Xn. B]v t\mXn Aar- XXzw AnXnw kzt-
temtI XssI BlptcI `qbw ssh {]mWm
Ko-Xn. \ ln I\ iIv\p bmXv kIrZzmNm
\ma{]- m]- bnXpw Npjm cq]w t{imt{XW
i_vZw a\km[ymXpw CXn GI`qbw ssh{]mWmx
I K
N P
105
GssI- I- ta- Xm-\n. khm-tWym-h- {]-m- ]-bn
hmNw hZn kth {]mWm A\phZn. Npx
]iyXv kth {]mWmx A\p-]- iyn t{im{Xw
irWzXv kth {]mWm A\pirWzn. {]mWw
{]mWmw kth {]mWmx A\p- {]m- W- o- Xn.
Gh apssl-X- ZnXn tl{ DhmN Akv Xn- tXzh
{]mWm\mw \nx t{ib-kanXn.
hopw C{ ]d- p. "Rm {]- bpsS kmmXv
cq]-amb {]mW\mWv. B {]mW\pw {]mcq]- amb
BmthmSp IqSnb-hs\pw Adnnp C{\mb
Fs BbpmsWpw AarXamsWpw IcpXn D]m
knpI. {]mW AarXamIpp. AXpXs Bbppw.
BbppXs {]mW. Cu tZln {]mW DnS
tmfw am{Xta Bbppq. Fm {]mWcq]nbmb
Pohn ]ctemIp t]mbn AarXns B\w A\p
`hnpp. {] aptJ-\-bmWv kXymk-Xy-- fpsS
\n-bw. C{\mb Fs Bbpspw AarXsapw
IcpXn D]mknph temIn ]qmbpphsc
Pohnncpv kz {]m]vXnptijw Hcnepw \jvS
am- Im Aar- X- Xz- ns B\w A\p- `- hn- pw.
{]mWs\ kw_- nnStmfw Nne ]WvUnXm ]d-
bpXv Fm {]mW- fpw Htc `mhw tN- XmsW- m
Wv . Hcmpw ImXpsImv tIm\pw a\psImv
Nnnm\pw IpsImv ImWm\pw hmpsImv ]d-
bm\pw Hcpanv km[ya. Ahsb- smp A\p`hw
{]tXyIw {]tXyIw kabmWv. a\p Nnnp L-
n asm {]mWfpw AXpambn kl-Icnv Nnm
ab-amIpp. t\{Xw Fsnepw ImWptm ap {]mW
AXns\ A\pkcnpp. hmv Fsnepw ]d-
bptm ap {]mW AXns klmbnIfmIpp.
ImXp tIptmgpw A- s\s. {][m\ {]mWs
Imcy- n ap {]mW- kl- Icn-pp. C{
]dp: ""Fm {]mWfpw HpXs. Cu ]-{]m
W- fpw IeymW kzcq]nIfmWv F Imcyw bYm-
as{X.''
3. PohXn hmK-t]tXm aqIm ln ]iymtam
PohnXn. Np ct] tXm Am ln ]iymtam
PohXn t{im{Xm t]tXm _[ncm ln ]iymtam
PohXn. at\m t]tXm _mem ln ]iymtam Poh
Xn. _mlpntm PohXypcpn CXnx Ghw ln
]iyma CXn. AY Jep {]mW Gh {]mXv
taZw icocw ]cnKrtlymm]b-Xn.
hmv Csnepw a\pjy Pohnncnpp. aqI\mb
hyn CXnpZmlcW- amWtm. A\pw Pohnncn
pp. _[nc\pw acnpn. a\- nbnsnepw
inip Pohnncnpp. ssIImepItfm av AwK-
tfm \jv Ss--hcpw Pohnncnppv Fm {]mW
\nm ]w bmsXmcmpw Hcnepw Pohnncnm
Ignbpn.
Xkv amtZXtZh D]mko- X. tbm ssh {]mWx
km {]m bm hm {]m k {]mWx k ln
GXmh- kvan icotc hkXx ktlmXv {ImaX-
kvXssky Gjm Gh ZrjvSnx GXXv hnm\w.
b{X GXXv ]pcpjx kp]vXx kz]v\w \ I\
]iy- XyYmkv an {]mW Gh GIYm `h- n.
XssZ\w hmIv kssh\m- a`nx klm- t]yXn
t{im{Xw ksshx i_v ssZx ktlm]ytX a\x
ksshx [ymss\x klmt]yXn k kZm {]Xn
_p[ytX bYmt Pze\x khmZntim hniv]p
enwKm hn{]- XnjvtTcth ta Ghw Xkvam Zm\x
{]mWm bYm bX\w hn{]- XnjvTt {]mtWt`ym
tZhm tZtht`ym temIm. Xky Gjm Gh knnx
GXZv hnm\w. bss{XXXv ]pcpj Btm
acnjy- m_eyw t\yXy ktmlw t\yX-a- X`
lpx DZ-{Iao- nw \ irtWmXn \ ]iyXn \
hmNm hZXn \ [ymb-XyYmkvan {]mW Gssh
IYm `hXn XssZ\w hmIv kssh \ma`nx klm
t]yXn t{im{Xw ksshx i_vssZx ktlmt]yXn
a\x ksshx [ymss\x klmt]yXn bZm {]Xn
_p[ytX bYmt PzetXm hnkv^penwKm hn{]-
XnjvtTcthtasshX kvamZm\x {]mWm bYm
b-X\w hn{]- XnjvTt {]mtWt`ym tZhm tZth
t`ym temImx
AXn\m AXns\s D]mknpI. {Inbmi- n
bpsS t_m[apmp {]mW XsbmWv m\
n {]hnp {]mIamb Bmhv. AXp
Xs- bmWv tZls Fm `mK- p\npw {Klnv
hyXykv X I sNnp- Xv. AXn\m Cu {]mW-
s\s DIvY-sap IcpXn D]mknWw. {]mWcq]-
n {]kn-am-bnpXpXs {]. {]bpw
{]mW\pw ico-c-n Hcp-anv Ign-bpp. {]mW-ab
{_s kw_- n m\w CXmWv. PohnI apJy
{]mW\n GIo`hnptm kz]v \w ImWpIbn. B
nXnbn PohnI Xs \ma-tfmSpw t\{XmZn C{n
b- a\v FnhtbmSpsamv apJy {]mW\n ebn
pp. Fcnbp Xobn \nv XosmcnI \mep]mSpw
NnXdpp. AXpt]mse a\pjy m\w t\Snb tijw
{]mW\mIp Bmhn \npw hmv apXemb Fm
{]mWfpw ]pd- sv AXmXns m\-fn {Kln
pp. ]noSv Ahbn \npw An XpSnb tZh
m {]Xy-- sv hn`n {]h\ \Sm\p
ImcW- ambnocpp.
{]mWcq]- amb Bmhns knnsb-nbmsW-n
a\pjy tcmKnbmbn acnm XpSptm Ah in
lo\\pw sslX\y clnX\pamIpp. Atm Ah\v
]cnNb- msctbm {]nb P\- sftbm Xncndnbm in
bn. B Ahbvv {]mtWmXv{IaWw Fp ]d- bp
p. B L- n Ah Fsnepw ]d- bpItbm
I K
N P
106
tIpItbm a\nempItbm sNpn. tIhew
{]mW-fn ebnncnpp. Atm \ma, cq], i_vZ
NnmZnI {]mW\n ebnpp. Fm acWm\
cw Ah ]p\Pw kzoIcnptm Pzenp
Anbn XosmcnI ]pd- s- Sp-Xpt]mse {]mWcq
]nbmb Bmhn \npw ]-{]mWfpw ]pd- sv
AhcpsS m\w kzoIcnpp. AhbpsS A[njvTm
Xmhmb An apXemb tZhXI {]Xy--sv temIw
\maw XpSnb- hsb bYmtbmKyw ssIsmpp.
4. k bZm Akv amXv ico- cmXv DXv {Im- aXn
kssl ssh ssXx kssh- cp- Xv {Im- aXn hmK-
kvamXv khmWn \mam\n A`nhnkrPtX. hmNm
khmWn \mam\n B]vt\mXn. {]mtWm kv am
khm Km B]v t\m- Xn. Np- c- kv amXv
khmWn cq]mWn A`n- hn- kr- P- tX. Npjm
khmWn cq]mWn B]vt\m-Xn. t{imX-a-kvamXv
khm i_vZm A`nhnkrPtX. at\m-kv amXv
khmWn [ym\m\n A`n - hn- kr- P- tX. a\km
khmWn [ym\m\n B]vt\mXn. sskjm {]mtW
khm]v Xnx tbm ssh {]mWx km {]m bm
hm {]m k {]mWx kl- t]yXm hkv an
icotc hkXx ktlmXv {ImaXx. AY Jep bYm
Assky {]mssb khmWn `qXm\n GIw
`hXn. XZv hymJym kymax
icocw hnpt]mIp Pohn DXv{Ianp L- n
AXv Fm C{nb-fpw tNmWv DXv{IanpXv.
Atm hmv kIe \ma- sfbpw XyPnpp. {LmtW-
{nbw KclnXambno- cpp. t\{X bmsXmpw
ImWm inbnmhbmbn `hnpp. sNhn kh
i- _vZ- sfbpw shSnbpp. a\v Nnnm\pXIp
kIe hnj-b- sfbpw ]cnXy-Pnpp. Cs\ {]mW-
cq]nbmb Bmhn kIe C{nb-fpw kans-
Spp. Ah X-fpsS hnj- b-sf ]q-ambpw ]cnXy-
PnpIbmWv .
{] Fv ]d- bp- Xp Xs- bmWv {]mW.
{]mW Xs {]. cpw tZln tNv Ignbp
p. Hcpanp Xs cpw DXv{Ianpp. {]bn
C-s\bmWv kh`qXfpw GIo`hnpXv Fv hni-
ZoIcnmw.
5. hmtK hmkym GIaw-KapZrVw Xky \ma
]c- kv XmXv {]Xn- hn- ln- Xm- `q- X- am- {Xm. {LmWta
hmkym GIaw-KapZqVw Xky Kx ]ckvXmXv
{]XnhnlnXm `qXam{Xm. Nptchmkym GIaw
KapZqVw Xky cq]w ]ckvXmXv {]XnhnlnXm `qX
am{Xm t{km{Xta-hmkym GIawKw kpZrVw Xky
i_vZx ]ckvXmXv {]XnhnlnXm `qXam{Xm Pnssl
hmkym GI- aw- Kw. apZqUw Xkym- - ckx ]c-
kv XmXv { ]Xn - hn - ln - Xm. `qX- am{ Xm lkv Xm
thhmkym GI- am- {X- ap- Zq- Vw. Xtbm I ]c-
kvXmXv {]XnhnlnXm `qXam{Xm. ico- ctahmkym
GI awK-apZqVw Xky kpJ ZpxtJ ]c-kvXmXv
{]Xn hnlnXm `qXam{Xm. D] Ghmkym GI
awK- apZqVw Xkym\tm cXnx {]PmXnx ]ckvXmXv
{]XnhnlnXm `qX-am{Xm. ]mZmthhmkym GIaw
KapZqVw. XtbmcnXym ]ckvXmXv {]Xn-hnln-Xm
`qX am{Xm {]t- hmky GI- aw- K- ap - ZqVw
Xssky [ntbm. hnmXmhyw Imam ]ckvXmXv
{]Xnhn-lnXw `qXam{Xm.
hmv {]- bpsS HcwK-ns ]qo-IcWw \nh
lnpp. B C{nbw AXns hnj- bn\\pcq]-ambn
]pd- tbvv Bi-b- hnSpp. AXpt]mse {]
bpsS Hcp AwK-ns ]qo-IcWw {LmtW- {nbw
\nhlnpp. AXns hnj-bn\\pkcW- ambn K
Idnbpp. t\{Xw {]- bpsS asmcp AwKs
]pjv Sns-Sppp. AXns hnj-b-n\\pcq-]ambnp
Xv cq]-amWv. t{imt{X{nbw {]- bpsS asmcwKs
]q- ampp. AXn\\pcq]- amb hnjbw i_vZamWv.
\mpw {]- bpsS HcwKs ]q-ampp. AXns
kz`mhw kzmZv XncndnbpIbmWv. ssIIfpw {]bpsS
asmcwKs ]pjvSnsSppp. AXns {]h\
aWvUew IamWv. tZlhpw {]bpsS HcwKs
]pjvSns-Sppp. AXns {]h\ aWvUew I
amWv. tZlhpw {]bpsS HcwKs ]pjvSnsSpp
p. AXns hnj- b-n\\pcq]ambnpXv kpJ-ZpxJ-
-fmWv. D]-hpw {]bpsS HcwKs ]cn]pjvS
ampp. AXns {]h\ aWvUew IamWv.
tZlhpw {]bpsS HcwKs ]pjvSn-s- Sppp.
AXns hnj-b- n- \\pcq]-ambnpXv kpJ-ZpxJ--fm
Wv. D]-hpw {]bpsS HcwKs ]cn]pjvSamp
p. AXns _mlyhnj- b- cXnbpw kmt\mev]m
Z\hpamWv. ImepIfpw {]bpsS cwKs ]q-am
pp. AXns _mly- hnjbw \SpIbpw k- cnp
IbpamWv. {]bpsS HcwKs {] Xs ]q-
am-pp. AXns _mly- hnj-b- _pnaptJ\
A\p`hnm Ign hkvXpfpw a\pjys Hmtcm
B{K-l- fpamIp- p.
6. {]bm hmNw kamcply hmNm khmWn
\mam- \ym- ]v t\m- Xn. {]bm {]Ww kam- cq]y
{]mtW\ khm Km B]vt\mXn. {]bm
Npx kamcply Npjm khmWn cq]mWn
B]v t\m- Xn . {]bm t{im{Xw kam- cply
t{imt{XW khm i_v Zm B]v t\m- Xn .
{]bm Pnlzmw kamcp]y Pnlzbm lnkhm
A- ckm B]vt\mXn. {]bm lkvXu kam
cply lkvXm`ymw khmWn IamWn B]vt\m
Xn. {]bm icocw kamcply ico- tcW kpJ
ZpxtJ B]vt\mXn. {]bm D]w kamcply
I K
N P
107
D]- t\ B\w cXnw {]PmZnw B]v t\m- Xn.
{]bm ]mZu kam- cply ]mZm`ymw khm-
CXym B]vt\mXn. {]-ssb- h[nbw kamcply
{]-ssbh [ntbm hnmXhyw Imam\m]vt\m
Xn.
a\pjy hmv hiw hZamn {]aptJ\ Xs
bmWv \masf {Klnp- Xv . {]- aptJ\ XsbmWv
{]mW\n A[nImcw sNepn Fmhn[n-epap
K- sfbpw {Klp-Xv. {] aptJ\ XsbmWv
t{im{X i_v Zsf {Klnp- Xv. As\ {ihW
{Inb kw`-hnpp. {] aptJ\ XsbmWv \mv
A-ckw {Klnv hn`n {]Imcnep kzmZv Adn
bpXv. ssII hnhn[ Imbn {]hnp
Xpw {InbmioeamIpXpw {] aptJ- \bmWv. icocw
hnhn[-fmb kpJ ZpxJ--f\p`-hnpXpw {]
bm Xs. D]w t`mKm- Iamb {]P\\{Inb sNp
Xpw {]bm Xs. ImepI Ka\mK- a\ I
sNpXpw {]-bm Xs. {]-bm
{]bn A[nImcw m]nmWv a\pjy ]e hn[
nep B{K- l- km[np-Xv.
7. \ln {]m- t]Xm hmMv \ma In \
{]m- ]- tbXv A\y{X ta at\m A]- `q- Zn -
Xyml\ml- ta- X- ma {]m- kn- j- an- Xn. \ln
{]m\mt]Xx {]mtWm Kw I\ {]m
]tb Z\y{X ta at\m `qZnXym l \ml- taXw
Kw {]m knj anXn. \ln {]m t]Xw
Npcq]w In\ {]m]tb Z\y{X. ta at\m
`qZnXyml. \mltaXZv cq]w {]mkn j anXn.
\ln {]m t]Xw Npcq]w In\ {]m
]tb Z\y- {X. ta at\m `qZn Xyml. \mltaXZv
cq]w {]mkn j an Xn . \ {]m- t]Xw
t{im{Xw i_vZw I\ {]m ]tb-Z\y{X ta
at\m`q-ZnXyml \mltaXw i_vZw {]m knj
anXn. \ln {]m t]Xm Pnlzm A ckw
I\ {]m]tb Z\y{X ta at\m`qZnXym-l.
\ml- taXw A- ckw {]m- kn - j- an - Xn , \
{]m t]Xm lkvXu In\ {]m ]tb\
\m a\y- {Xta at\m `qZn- Xym- l \mltaX- ma
{]mknj-anXn. \ln {]m\mt]Xx {]mtWm
Kw I\ {]m- ]tb Z\y{X ta at\m
`qZnXym l \mltaXw Kw {]m knj anXn.
\ln {]m t]Xw Npcq]w In\ {]m
]tb Z\y-{X. ta at\m `qZnXyml. \ml- taXZv
cq]w {]mkn j an Xn . \ {]m- t]Xw
t{im{Xw i_vZw I\ {]m]tb-Z\y{X ta
at\m`q-ZnXyml \mltaXw i_vZw {]m knj
anXn. \ln {]m t]Xm Pnlzm A ckw
I\ {]m]tb Z\y{X ta at\m `qZnXym-
l. \mltaXw A- ckw {]mknj anXn, \
{]m t]Xm lkvXu In\ {]m ]tb\
\m a\y- {Xta at\m `qZnXyml. \mltaXXv I
{]m- kn- j- anXn \ln {]m- t]Xw icocw
kpJw ZpxJw In\ {]m- ]tb Z\y{X ta
at\m `qZnXym l. \ml taXXv kpJ- ZpxtJ
{]m-kn- j- an- Xn. \ ln {]m- t]Xu ]mZm-
hnXym Im\ {]m]- tb-Xma\y{X ta at\m
`qZn- Xyml. \ml- ta- Xm-anXmw {]mkn-j- an-Xn.
\ln {]mt]- X[ox ImN\ knty {]m
Xhyw {]mb-tX.
{]tbmSp IqSmXmsW- n Hcp hmpw Hcp
\mansbpw t_m[w DfhmpIbn. Cu Ah
bn Fs a\v C `mK- mbncpp. "F\nv B
Imcyw a\nemm Ignn' Fsmw ]d-bptm
{]mlo\amb C{nb {]h\san Imcyt_m[w
Dmhpn. {]mlo\amb C{nb {]h\san
Imcyt_m[w Dmhpn. {]mlo\amb t\{Xn\v
cq]w Idnbm km[y- a. {]m lo\amb t{im{Xw
bmsXmcp i_vZsbpw tIm ia. {]m
lo\amb \mhn\v A ckmkzmZ\w km[y-a. {]
bnm ]w ssIIv Hcp {]hrnsb- -nbpap
m\w e`nn. {]mlo-\amb tZlw Hcp hn[
nep kpJ- ZpxJ-fpw AdnbpIbn. {]mlo-\
amb D]w {]P\\{Inbm ka-a. {]mclnX
amb ]mZv t]mImt\m ]cmt\m Hpw th hn[
n km[y-a- . _unI- amb bmsXmcp Imcyhpw
{]-bnsn thhn[w \SpIbn.
8. \ Nmbw hnPnm koX hmcw hnZym. \
Kw hnPn- m- koX cq]- hnZym hnZym- Xv . \
i_vZw hnPnmkoX Imcw hnZym kpJ
ZpxtJ hnPnmkoX kpJ- ZpxJ- tbm hnPnm
Xmcw hnZymXv. \m\w cXow \ {]PmXow hnPn
mkoX B\ky ctXx {]Pm tX hnm
Xmcw hnZymXv. t\Xymw hnPnmko ssXXmcw
hnZymXv. Xm hm GXmZ-ssih `qXam{Xm A[n-
]w Zi {]mam{Xm A[n `qXw. bn `qX
am- {Xm- \- kyp \ {]m am{Xm kyq bZzm
{]m am{Xm \ kyp \`qX am{Xm kypx
hmv Adnbp- XpsImpam{Xw Hcp {]tbmP\hpan
. hmns\ t{]cnnp Bmhns\ a\nem
Ww. Ks am{Xw Adnbm {ianXpsImmbn.
Ks {Klnp Bmhns\ Adnb-Ww. cq]w
am{Xw Adnbphm\p {kaw shdpsXbmWv . cq]-- \mb
Bmhns\bmWv Adntb- Xv. i_v Zw Adnbm am{Xw
{ianXpsImmbn. i_vZw {ihnp Bmhns\
Adntb-Xpv. A-cks- nbp m\w e`n
psa B{Klw shdpsXbmWv. AXmXns Im
hmb Bmhns\ Adntb-Xpv . kpJ ZpxJ- sn
Adnbp-h\pw A\p`-hn-p-h\p-amb Bmhns\
I K
N P
108
bmWv a\nemtXv . {]P\\ Ihpw AXns B\
hpw Adn- XpsImpam{Xambn. {]tPmev]- nsb-
n Adnhp Bmhns\ a\nemWw. Kam\K-
a\ {Inb- Isfn am{Xw Adn- XpsImmbn. Kam\
K- a\v kmnbmbncnp Bmhns\ a\n
emWw. a\ns\n Adnm am{Xw t]mcm a\\
ioeamb Bmhns\ Adnb-Ww. {]bn nXn
sNp \mamZn hnj- b- Cu ]p `qXam{XIfpw
`qX-fn nXnsNp hmv apXemb C{nb
Dsmp ]v {]m am{XIfpamIpp. `qXam
{XIfnsn {]mam{XIfpsS AnXzw km[y- a.
Ch cn Hn-s\bpw X\nsb Xs GsXnepw
hnjb hntij knnv ka- ambn IcpXm ]mSn.
AXpsImv, `qXam{XIfpw {]mam{XIfpw Bhiy-
amIp-p.
9. \ln A\yXctXm cq]w In\ knty- Xv,
t\m GX- m- \m, XZy- Ym- c- Y- kym- tcjp t\an
cntXm \m`mhcm AnXm. Gh-tasshXmx`q-
X-am{Xmx {]mam{XkznXm {]m-am-{Xmx-
{]mtW nXmx k Gj {]mW Gh {]m
m-\m\t Ptcm arXw \ km[p\m IaWm
`qbmtm Ghm km[p\m I\o- bm. Gjtly
ssh\w km[p Ia ImcbXn Xw b tat`ym temtI
`yx Dn\o- jX Gj D Gssh\ a km[p Ia
ImcbXn Xtat`ymtemtI`yx Dn\o-j- ktX. Gj
temI]mex Gj temIm[n]Xn tcY kthix k
a BtXn hnZymXv k a BtXn hnZymXv. CXn
XrXo- tbmymbx
bYm- n {]mam{XbpsSbpw `qX-am{Xbp
sSbpw kzcq-]n am- an. cYt\an Ac-fnepw Ac
cY- \m- `n- bnepw kam- {i- bn- n- cn- p- - Xp- t]mse
`qX {]mam{XIfnepw {]mam{XI {]mW
\nepw nXnsNpp. Cu {]mW APchpw Aachpw
kpJ-abhpw {]mmhpamWv. Cu {]mW Da
I-fm Db {]m]npIbpw \oNI-fm
Db {]m]npIbpw \oNI-fm bw {]m]n
pIbpw sNpn. apIfnsem B{K- lnp a\p
jys\smv ip`I sNnpXpw A[x]- Xn
m\m{K- lnphs\smv ZpjvI sNnp
Xpw {]mcq]- nepw {]mWcq]nepw Cuizc
XsbmWv. Cu Bmhv khtemIpw A[o-
i\pw temI kwc--I\pw kIen\pw A[n]Xnbp
amIpp. Cu KpW- tN {]mW XsbmWv
Bmshv a\nempI.
\memw A[ymbw
1. AY KmtKym l ssh _mem Inc\qNn\x
kwkv ]rjv S Bk. tkm hZZpio-\-tcjp kh-
k atyjp Ipcp ]mm- tejp Imio- hn- tZ-
tljp CX k l APmX i{Xpx Imiy taXy
Dhm- N. {_tX {_hm- WoXn Xw tlmhmN
APmX i{Xpx kl{kw XZva kvX CtXy- Xkymw
hmNn P\tIm P\I CXn hm D P\m [mho- Xn.
K- hwi-n ]nd KmKy Fsmcp {_W
Dmbn. Atlns ]nXmhns t]cv _emI Fm
bncpp. thZw \hw A`yknh\mWv. IqSmsX thZ
sf A[nIcnv {]hN\fpw \Snbncpp. As\
Ion t\Snb Dio-\ctZkhmknbmbncpp Atlw.
Xs hkXnbn Xs ncambn XmaknmsX ]e
tZipw ]cy-S\w \Sn. As\ Nne Znhkw Imin
bnepw Nne Znhkw Ipcpt-{Xnepw ]ns ]mme
tZi-nepw Nne-tm ay-tZi-nepw Nnetm
anYnem cmPypw Xmaknp. Hcp Znhkw Atlw Imio
cmPmhmb APmX i{Xphn-t\mSn KmKy Al-mc
tmsS ]dp. "Rm \nv {_mt\m]- tZiw
sNmw.' AXptIv cmPmhv ]dp: "{_, Cu
Ir]bvv Rm Abvv Bbncw ]ipsf Xcmw. Cm
ev B {]PI P\I P\I Fp ]d-psImv
P\Is ASptbvv HmSnspIbmWv.
2. ktlm hmN _emInx b Gsshj BZntXy
]pcpj- kv X- ta- hm- l- ap- ]mk CX. Xw tlmhmN
APm-Xi{Xpx am am GXkvan kwhmZbnjv Tmx
_rlXv ]m- c- hmkm AXnjv Tx kthjmw
`qXm\mw aqt[Xn hm Al- ta- X- ap- ]mk CXn
ktbm sslX tah ap ]mkv tX Xn jv Tmx
kthjmw `qXm \mw aq[m `hXn
B KmKy ]d- p kqcy-aen hncmPn
p Cuizcs\bmWv Rm {_m_p[ym-km[\w
sNpXv ? APmXi{Xp ]d-p Av Cu hnj- bs
n Hpw ]d- b-cpXv B ip`hkv {X[mcnbmWv Ghpw
henb alm. AXv Fmns\bpw AXn{Ianv Fm
n\pw apIfn \nesImpp. AXp Xs Fmn
sbpw incv . Rm AXns\ AtX{]- Imcw D]mknp
p. kqcy-aWvU-ehnbmb B ]pcpjs\ Cs\
D]mknp a\pjy Fmns\bpw ISv Ghpw
Db m\spp. Ah khPohnIfpsSbpw
incv t]mse `hnpp.
3. k tlmhmN _memInx b Gsshj N{
akn ]pcp- j- Y- kv X- ta- hmlw D]mk CXn Xw
tlmhmNm PmXi{Xpx am am GXkvan kwhmZ
bnjv Tmx tkmtam- cmPm A- ky. BtXn hm
Al-ta-X-ap-]mtk CXn k tbm tah-ap-]mktX
Aky Bm `hXn
KmKy ]d-p. Rm N{aWv Uen {]XnjvTn
n- s- ncnp A- cymanbmb Cuizcs\bmWv D]m
knp- Xv. AXp Xs {_w AXptIv APmXi{Xp
I K
N P
109
]d- p ""Av Amcysn Hpw ]d- b-cpXv. Cu
N{ kIen\pw cmPmhmWv. A- ns {]mW-\mb
AXns\ Rm CtXhn[w D]mknpp. N{ae
n {]XnjvTns- ncn-p ]pcpjs\ {_cq]-
n D]mknp a\pjy Xobmbpw A-ns
Bmhmbn `hnpp.
4. ktlm- hmN _memIn x tbm Gsshj
hnZypXn ]pcpjx GXta hmlw {_tm]mk CXn
Xw tlmhmN APmXi{Xpx am am GXkvan ka
hm- Z- bnjv Tmx tXP- kym- tXn hml- ta- X- ap- ]mk
CX k tbm sslXta- hap]mkvtX tXPkx Bm
`hXn
KmKy ]d- p hnZyp-WvUen AK- X
ambn A-cmanbmbncnp {_s Rm D]mkn
pp. AXptIv APmXi{Xp ]d- p. Av CXns\
n Hpw ]d-b- . Rm tXPns Bmshp Icp
XnbmWv CXns\ D]mknpXv. hnZyp-en
{]XnjvTnXambncnp {_s Cu \nebn D]m
knp-h tXPns Bmhmbno- cpw.
5. ktlmhmN _memInx b Gsshj kvX\
bn\vXu ]pcpj-kvXtahm l ap]mk CXn Xwtlm
hmN APm- X- i{Xpx am am GX- kv an kwhm- Z-
bnjvTm i_vZkymtXn hm Al-taXap]mk CXn
k tbm sslX-tahm-ap]m kv tX i_v Zkymm
`hXn
XpSv KmKy ]d-p taL- aen {]Xn
jvTnsncnp A-cymanbmb Cuizcs\ Rm
{_sap IcpXn D]mknpp. APmXi{Xp ]d- p
-Av AXns\n Hpw ]d- b-cpXv. Rm AXns\
i_vZns Bmhv Fp IcpXnbmWv D]mknp
- Xv . As\ taL- a- - e- n nXn- sN- p
{_s i_vZns BmhmsWp IcpXn D]m
knp- h i_v Zns Bmhmbn `hnpp.
6. ktlmhmN _memInxb Gsshj BImti-
]p- cp- j- kv X- ta- hm- l- ap- ]mk CXn Xw tlmhmN
APm-Xi{Xpx am am GXkvan kwhmZbnjv Tmx
]qW-a{]- hrn {_tXn hm Al- taXap]mk
CXn k tbm sslX- ta- h- ap- ]mkv tX ]qcytX
{]Pbm ]ip`nx t\m Gh kzbw \mky {]Pm]pcm
ImemXv {]htX.
A\cw KmKy ]d- p BImi- aen
nXnsNp Acymanbmb ]pcpjs\ Rm {_
cq]-n D]mknpp. Atm APmXi{Xp ]d-p
-Av AXns\n Hpw ]d- b-. CXv {]hrniq
\yhpw {_hpamWv. B \nebn Rm\Xns\ D]mkn
p- p. BIm- i- a- - e- n nXn- sN- p B
{_s Cu `mh\tbmsS D]mknp hyn km
\- fmepw arK-- fmepw k- -\mIpp. Ahs km
\ AImearXyphn\v CcbmIn.
7. ktlmhmN _memInx b Gsshj hmbu-
]p- cp- j- kv X- ta- hm- l- ap- ]mk CXn Xw tlmhmN
i{Xp am am GX-kvan kwhm-Z- bnjv Tm Ct{m
sshIpWv Tx A]-cmPnXmtkt\Xn hm Al- taX
ap]mk CXn k tbm sslX- ta- h- ap- ]mkv tX
PnjvWpl- hm]-cm-Pnjv Wpc\p-kvXymPmb `hXn
XpSv KmKy ]d- p hmbp aWvUen
nXnsNp Acymanbmb ]pcpjs\ Rm {_s\
\nebn D]mknpp. Atm APmXi{Xp ]d-p
Av CXns\n Hpw ]d- bcpXv. CXv C{\mWv. CXp
Xs sshIpWv Tw. CXp Xs Hcnepw tXmm
hoctk\. Rm AXns\ CtX \nebn D]mknp
p. AXns\ Cs\ D]mknp hyn Hcnepw
]cmPbs-Spn. Ah kZmi- {Xphn hnPbw t\Spp.
8. k tlmhmN _memInxb Gsshj Au
]pcp,kvXtahml- ap]mk CXn Xw tlmhmN APm
Xi{Xpx am am GXkvan kahmZbnjvTm hnjm
klncnXn hm Al- ta-Xap]mk CXn ktbmssl
Xta-hap]mkvtX hnjmklnhm Gj `hXn
]ns KmKy ]d-p An aen nXn
sNp A-cymanbmb ]pcpjs\ Rm {_sa
\nebn D]mknpp. Atm APmXi{Xp ]d- p.
Av Cu hnj-b-sn Hpw ]d- b-. CXv hnjmk
lnbmWv Rm AXns\ AtX `mhn D]mknpp.
An aen nXnsNp ]pcpjs\ Cu
`mhn D]mknph A\y- cpsS B{IaWw sNdp
m ka-\mIpp.
9. k tlmhmN _memInx bx Gsshj-a]vkp
]pcp- j- kv X- ta- hm- l- ap- ]mk CXn Xw tlmhmN
APm-Xi{Xpx am am GXkvan kwhmZbnjv Tmx
\mav \m AtXn hm Al- ta- Xp- ap- ]mk CXn
tbmssl- X- ta- h- ap- ]mkv tX \mav \ Bm- `- hXn
CXn A[nssZhXw AYm [ymw
XpSv KmKy ]d- p. Rm Pen nXn
sNp A- cymanbmb ]pcpjs\ {_sa \nebn
D]mknpp. APmXi{Xp ]d- p. Av CXns\n
Hpw ]d- bcpXv. CXv \ma[mcnIfmb PohnIfpsS Bm
hmWv Fp a\nemn Rm D]mknpp. Cs\
D]mknph \ma[mcnIfmb PohnIfpsS Bmhm
bno-cpp. C{Xbpw A[n-ssZhnIamb D]mk-\sb
kw_- nXv . C\n B[ymntIm]mk\sbn ]d-bmw.
10. k tlmhmN _memIn x b Gsshj
BZti ]pcpj-kv Xtahm l ap]mk CXn Xw
tlmhmN APmXi{Xpx am am GXkvan kwhm
I K
N P
110
ZbnjvTm {]Xncq] CXn hm Al- ta-Xap]mk CXn
k tbm sslX- ta- h- ap- ]mkv tX { ]Xn - cqt]m
sslhmky {]PmbmamPmbtX \m{]- Xncq]x
XpSv KmKy ]d- p Z- W- nXnsN
p Cu ]pcpjs\ Rm {_sa \nebn D]m
knpp. Atm APmXi{Xp ]d- p Av CXn
s\n Hpw ]d- tb- . Rm CXns\ {]Xncq]- `mth\
D]mknpp. Z- W- n nXnsNpp ]pcpjs\
Cu `mh\tbmsS D]mknph {]Xncq]- Kphm\mbn
o- cp Ahs km\ Ahv Xpey-cmIpp.
11. ktlmhmN _memInx b Gsshj {]Xn
{ipXvImbmw ]pcpj-kvXta-hmlap]mk CXn Xw
tlmhmN APmXi{Xpx am am GXkvan kwhm
Zbnjv Tm ZzoXn tbm\]K CXn hm Al-taXap]mk
CXn k tbm sslXta\ap]mkvtX hntX AZzn
Xo- b-hm `hXn
]nsbpw KmKy ]d- p Rm {]Xn[z\n \nln
X\mbncnp ]pcpjs\ {_sap IcpXn D]mkn
pp. CXptIv AXmPi{Xp ]dp Av CXns\
n Hpw ]d- tb. Rm AXns\ ZznXobsbpw A\p
]- K- sbpw IcpXn D]mknpp. [z\nbn nXnsN
p ]pcpjs\ Cu `mh\tbmSp IqSn D]mknp a\p
jy AZznXo-b- \mbn `hnpp.
12. k tlmhmN _memInx b Gsshj i_vZx
]pcpj-at\zXn Xtahml-ap]mk CXn Xw tlmhmN
APmXi{Xpx am am GXkvan kw hmZ bnjvTmx
Akp- cnXn hm Al- ta- X- ap- ]mk CXn - ktbm
sslXap]mkvtX t\m Gh kzbw \mky {]Pm
]pcmImemXv kwtamltaXn
]ns KmKy ]d- p Ka\ioe\mb hynbpsS
]pdsI [z\ntbmSp IqSn ]mZ[z\n tIpp. AXn
ep {_sbmWv Rm D]mknpXv. Atm
APmXi{Xp ]d- p Av CXns\ kw_- nv Hpw
]d- b-cpXv. Rm AXns\ {]mWcq]nemWv D]mkn
p-Xv . Atm AXns\ A{]-Imcw D]mknp a\p
jy ]qmbpp-h\mbno-cpp. Ahs km
\fpw ]qmbpnsemsX arXnb- Sbpn.
13. ktlmhmN _memInx b Gsshj Ombm
]pcpj k Xtahml- ap]mk CXn Xw tlmhmN
APm-X-i{Xpx am am GXkv an kwhm-Z-bnjvTm
arXyp- cnXn hm Al- ta- X- ap- ]mk CXn k tbm
sslX- ta- h- ap- ]mkv tX t\m Gh kzbw \mky
{]Pm]pcmImemXv {]ao-btX
XpSv KmKy ]dp Hcp hyntbmsSmw
ImWp Ahs Ombsb AXmbXv Ombm]pcpjs\
Rm {_cq]- n D]mknpp. Atm APmX
i{Xp ]d- p. Av Cu hnj- b-sn Hpw ]d-b-cp
Xv. Cu Omb arXypcq]nbmWv. Rm AXns\ CtX `mh
\tbmsS D]mknpp. AXns\ Cu cq]- n D]mkn
p- h AImeNcan\v ]m{XamIpn. Ahs
km\pw AImeNcaw Dmhn.
14. k tlmhmN _memInx b Gsshj icocx
]pcp-j-kv Xtahml ap]mk CXn Xw tlmhmN
APm-X-i{Xpx am am GXkv an kwhm-Z-bnjvTm
{]Pm- ]- Xn- cnXn hm Al- ta- X- ap- ]mk CXn k
tbmssl- Xap]mkvtX {]PmbtX {]Pbm ]ip`nx
A\cw KmKy ]d-p ]pcpj- i-co- cn D
]pcpjs\ Rm {_sap IcpXn D]m-kn-p-p.
Atm APmXi{Xp ]d- p Av Cu hnj- b-s
n Hpw ]d- b- . CXv {]Pm]XnbmWv Rm CXns\
CtX cq]- nemWv D]mknp-Xv . ico- cn \nhkn
p ]pcpjs\ {]Pm]Xn F `mth\ D]mknp
h km\-fmepw arK--fmepw karn t\Spp.
15. ktlmhmN _memInx b Gsshj {]m
Bm tb\ GXXv ]pcpjx kp]vXx kz]v\bmN
cXn Xtahm lap]mk CXn Xw tlmhmN APm
Xi{Xpx am am GXkvan kwhmZbnjvTm btam
cmtPXn hm Al- ta-Xap]mk CXn k tbm sslX
ap- ]mkv tX khw {]Pm- btX lmkv am CZw
t{ijvTymb baytX
]ns KmKy ]d- p {]hm\pw {]mWcq]n
bpamb Bmhnt\mSv kwbp\mb ]pcpj kpjp
]vXmhbn kz]v\am- n IqSn k-cnpp.
Rm AXns\sbmWv {_sap IcpXn D]mkn
p- Xv . CXptIv APmXi{Xp ]d- p Av AXns\
kw_-nv Hpw ]d- bcpXv. Rm CXns\ bacq]n
emWv D]mknp-Xv. AXns\ C{]- Imcw D]mknp
a\pjys\ t{ijvT\mbn IcpXn am\nm Fm temIhpw
Ahs apn \akvIcnpp.
16. ktlmhmN _memInx bx Gsshj Zn
tW- ]pcpjkvX tahmlw D]mk CXn Xw
tlmhmN APmXi{Xp am am GXkvan kwhmZ
bnjv Tm \mav \ Bm At- cmm tPymXnj
Bt- Xn hm Al- ta- X- ap- ]mk CXn k tbm
sslXtah ap]mkvtX GtXjmw kthjmamm
`hXn
A\cw KmKy ]dp Rm Cu heXpIn
nXnsNp ]pcpjs\ {_sa \nebn D]mkn
pp. CXptIv APmXi{Xp ]d- p Av Cu hnj-
bs kw_- nv Hpw ]d-b- cpXv . Rm CXns\ \maw
An tPymXnv Fnhsb Bmshp IcpXnbmWv
D]mknpXv. AXns\ B \nebn D]mknp
hyn Fmnsbpw B- cq]- ambn Xocpp.
I K
N P
111
17. k tlmhmN _memIn x b Gsshj
kthy ]pcpj- kv tXta hml-ap-]mk CXn
Xw tlmhmN APm- X- i{Xpx am am GX- kv an
kwhm- Z- bn jv Tmx kXy- kymm hn Zyp- X- Bm
tXPk BtXn hm Al- ta-Xap]mk CXn k
tbm sslXtah ap]mkvtX GtXjmw kthjm
amm `hXn
KmKy hopw ]d-p Cu CSXp In nXn
sNp ]pcpjs\ {_cq]- n Rm D]mknp
p. AXptIv APmXi{Xp ]d- p Av Cu hnj-b-
sn kwkmcnt. CXv kXy-nsbpw tXPn
sbpw hnZypnsbpw BmhmWv. AXns\ Rm
AtX amXrIbn D]mknpp. Cs\ D]mknp
a\pjy FmhcpsSbpw Bmhmbno- cpp.
18. XX Dl _memIn x Xpjv Wo- amk Xw
tlmhm N APmXi{Xp GXm]p _memIm Cu
CtXy XmhXv [oXn tlmhmN _memInx Xw
tlmhmN APmXi{Xpx arjm ssh Ine am kwhm
ZbnjvTm {_ tX {_hmWoXn k tlmhmN tbm
ssh_m- emI GtXjmw ]pcp- jmWmw Im
bky ssh kvXXv Ia k ssh thZnXhy CXn
XX Dl _memInx kanXv ]mWnx {]XnN{Iw D]m
bm-\oXn Xw tlmhmN APm-Xi{Xpx {]Xntema
cq]-tahh XXv kymXv {Xntbm {_mW-ap-]
\tbXv Gln thyh Xzm m]-bnjymaoXn Xw
l ]mWmhm`n]Zy {]h{hmP Xu l kp]vXw ]pcp
j- am- P- - Xpkv Xw l APm- X- i- {Xp- cm- a- {bmw
Nt{I_rl _mchmkx tkmacmPnXn k
D l XpjvWo-tah intiy XX Dssl\w bjvSym
hnNn t] k XX Gh kapu Xw tlm
hmN APmXi{Xpx ssIzj GXZv_memtI ]pcp
tjmibnjvS Iz GXXv A`qXv IpX GX ZmKm
CXn XX D l _memIn \ hnPt
AsXpSv KmKy bmsXmpw ]d-n. AXp
Iv APmXi{Xp ]d- p A-bpsS {_m\w
C{Xtb Dtm? KmKy ]d- p C{Xtb Dq.
Atm APmXi{Xp ]d- p B \nebn Av
{_tm]-tZiw Xcmsap ]d-Xv shdpsXbmbn. Ap
]d Cu Fm hynIfpsSbpw Imhns\bmWv
AdntbXv . AXv tI-Xns\pSv KmKy kanXv ]m
Wnbmbn PnmktbmsS APmXi- {Xphns\ kao-]nv
Cs\ ]d- p Asb Kpcphmbn kzoIcnm\mWv
Rm hXv. AXptIv cmPmhv ]d- p. {Xnb
{_mWs\ injy-\mbn kzoIcnpXv temImNmchn
cpamWv AXn\m Av Fs IqsS hcpI. Rm
Abv v {_m\w ssIhcpncmw. AXns\
pSv cmPmhv KmKys ssIbvp ]nSnv Ipsd \Sv
Dd-p Hcp hynbpsS hon sNv Abmsf hnfn
p. tl, cmPmhmb tkma, tl _rl, tl ip{`hkv{X
[mco Cs\ At\Iw {]mhiyw hnfnnpw B hyn
DWn. AXn\ptijw cmPmhv Ahs ta Nqc
sImv \ ASn sImSpp. ASnsIm DS Xs B
a\pjy DWs-gptp. Atm APmXi{Xp KmKy
t\mSv ]d- p Cu ]pcpj ssNX\y-lo-\\mbn Fhn
sSbmWv Dd- nsmncpXv? GXv tZi-mWv Dd- n
smncpXv ? Ctm DWv FhnsS\npw hncn
pp?
19. Xw tlmhmN APmXi{Xpx bss{Xj GXZv
_memtI ]pcptjm Ai- bnjvS bss{XXZ`q-ZyX
GXZmKmZnXn lnXm \ma lrZbky \mtUym lrZ
bmXv ]pco-XXa`n{hX\zn XZv bYm kl{k[m
tItim hn]mSnX kvXmhZWzx ]nwK-eky AWn-
av \m- Xn - jv Tn ipky Irjv Wky ]oXky
temlnXtkyXn Xmkp XZm `hXn bZm kp]vXx
kz]v\w \ IwN\ ]iyXn AY Akvan {]mW
GsshIYm `hXn XssZ\w hmIv ksshx \ma`nx
klmt]yXn Npx ksshx cqss]x klmt]yXn
t{im{Xw ksshx i_v ssZx klm-thyXn a\x
ksshx [ymss\x klmthyXn k bZm {]Xn_p
[ytX bYm AtPzeX khm Zntim hnkv^p
enwKm hn{]- Xn- jv tT- c- ss- h- tah Xkv am- Zm- \
{]mWm bYmb-X\w hn{]-XnjvTt {]mtW-t`ym
tZhm tZtht`ym temImx XZyYm pc pc [mtc
h lnXx kymXv hnizw-`tcm hm hnizw-`cIpemb
Gh tasshj {]m BtZw ico- camm\a
\p{]hnjv S Btema`yx B\tJ`yx
KmKy B tNmZyv Dcw ]d- bm i\m
bn. Atlw Cu cl- ky-adnbm Ai-\mbncpp.
Atm APmXi{Xp hopw ]dp Ch FhnsS
bmWv Dd- nsmncnp-sXpw FhnsSbmWv InS
ncp-sXpw FhnsS \npw DWpshpw m\
tasXpw Rm ]d- pXcmw. lrZb-Iaes kw_-
np lnX Fp t]cp At\Iw \mUnI Dv .
Ah lrZbn \npw ]pd-sv icocw apgph hym]n
ncnpp. AhbpsS henw Hcp XeapSn \mcns Aw
Bbncambn Awinmep- Xnepw kqvaamWv . B \mUn
I ]ehn[nep kqvakmcm ]cn]q- am
Wv. Ahbn shfpv, a, Nphv, Idpv Fo Fm
\nd-fpw Dv. Ddp Ahbn hyn Cu \mUn
Ifn ebnncnpp. kpjp]vXnbpsS Ahbnepw
a\pjy kz]v\w ImWmXncnptm {]mW\n ebn
ncnpw. Atm hmv AXns kh\ma kln
Xhpw t\{X khcq]- klnXhpw sNhn kh
i- _vZ klnXhpw a\v khNn\o- b- hnj-b
klnXhpw {]mW-\n Xs-bmWv nXnsNp- Xv . a\p
jy DW-cptm Insbcnbp Xobn \npw Fm
bnSpw XosmcnI ]cp-Xpt]mse {]mW\mIp
I K
N P
112
Bmhn \npw kth{n-b-fpw Ahb- hbpsS
m\- fntebvv Kanpp. Atm AhbpsS A[n
jvTmXmhmb An apXemb tZhXI {]mWfn\np
{]Xy-sv \mamZn kh hnj-b- - sfbpw {]ISamp
p. pcI Xs In Xs s]nbn ASpshn
cnpXpt]mse tZl-n nXnsNp lrZbn
s]cphnc hen-n ]pcpjmIrXnbn Cuizc \nh
knpp. AcWnbn An \nKqVw hknp- Xp
t]mse Cu icocn Bmhp \J-inJmw kh{X
A{]-Xy- cq]- n \ne-sImpp.
20. Xta- X- am- m- \- ta- X- am- - t\m\z]iyn
bYm N t{ijvTn\w kzmx XZyYm t{ijvTo-kz`pMv
t bYm hm kzmx t{ijvTn\w `pRvPty-hta
sshj {]mssXcm`n `pMvt Ghw ssh
Xamm\taX Bmt\m`pRvPnk bmhhm
C{ GXamm\w \ hnP-t-Xmh-tZ\akpcm
A`n - _- `p hp x k bZm hn Pt YlXz m
kpcm hnPnXy kthjmw tZhm\mw ss{ijvTyw
kzcmPnam[n]Xyw ]cnbmb XtYm Gsshw hnZzm
khm ]m]v at\m A]- lXy kthjmw
`qXm\mw ss{ijvTyw kzcmPyam[n]Xyw ]tcyXn
b Ghw thZ b Ghw thZ CXn Nptm [ymbx
hfsctbsd KpW- ap Hcp [\hms B{inXm
Abmsf A\p- k- cn- p- -Xp- t]mse hmv apX- emb
kth- {n- b- - fm- Ip {]mW tZl- n nXn
sNp Bmhns\ A\pK- anpp. Hcp[\nI Xs
]cnP\-tfmsSmw kpJ- A\p`hnpIbpw ]cnP
\ B [\nIs [\s A\p`hnpIbpw sNp
tm Ah [\nIs\sbmW-\p`- hnpXv. AXp
t]mse Bmhv hmv apXembhtbmsSmw AhbpsS
{]h\ A\p`hnpIbpw AXpt]mse hmp
apXembh Bmhns\ A\p`hnpIbpw sNpp. tZh
cmPmhmb C{ Bmhns\ AdnbpXp hsc ssZXy
mcn \np ]cmPb-n\ncbmbncpp. Fm
Bmhns\ Adn- tXmsS Atlw ssZXymsc kwl-
cn- p- Ibpw kz- cmPyw hos- Spv tZh- m- cn
t{ijvTXzw t\SpIbpw sNbvXp. AXpt]mse Bmhn
s\n Adnbp m\n Xs kh]m]- fpw \in
nv kIe PohnIfnepw t{ijv T\mbn khm[n]-Xnbmbn
`hn-pp. Cs\ Adnbphv apv kqNnn
Fm ^efpw e`nm\nSbmIpp.
Iujo- X{Io{_mtWm]- \njv Ahkm\np.
Q
Cu D]\n-jv IrjvWb-Pq thZob- ssX-ocnb
imJbpsS AKX-amb ssXocn-bmc- WyIns
AwK-amIpp. ssXn-cobmc- Wy- In\v ]-Zv[ym-
fpv . Ahbn Ggv, Fv, H]Xv Cu Aymb-sf
ssXncobp]\njv Fp ]dbpp.
imn- ]mTw
Hmw iw t\m an{Xx iw hcpWx iw t\m `h
Xzcy amw iw \ Ct{m _rl-kv]Xnx iw t\m
hnjv Wp- cpcp{Iax \tam {_lv am- tW. \akv tX
hmtbm. Xzta- h- {]- Xyw {_lv amkn. Xzmtah
{]Xyw {_ hZn-jyman. EXw hZn-jyman. kXyw
hZn-jyman. XmhXp. XZz-mc-a-hXp. AhXp amw.
AhXp hmcw.
ssXncotbm] \njv
1
3
Hmw imnx! imnx!! imnx!!!
CXns Aw {]Y-am\phmInBZyw sImSpn
cn- pp.
inm- hn
{]Yam\phmIw
Hmw iw t\m an{Xx iw hcpWx iw t\m `hXzcy
amw iw \ Ct{m _rl- kv ]Xnx iw t\m hnjv Wpcp
cp- { Iax \tam { _- tW. \akv tX hmtbm.
Xzmtah{]Xyw {_lvam-kn. Xzmtah {]Xyw
{_lva hZn- jyman. EXw hZn- jyman. kXyw hZn- jym
an. XmhXp. XZzmc-a-hXp. AhXpamw AhXp
hm- cw. Hmw imnx! imnx!! imnx!!!
I K
N P
113
Cu {]Y- am\phmIn `n-`n in- IfpsS A[n-
jvTmXmhmb ]c- {_lva ]c- ta- iz- cs\`n--fmb \ma-
fnepw cq]- fnepw kv XpXn- psImv Atl-tmSp
{]mnppx B[nssZhnIhpw BymnIhpw Bym
n-Ihpw B[n-`uXn-Ihpamb in-bpsS cq]nepw
AtX- t]mse AhbpsS A[njvTmXm-fmb an{X, hcp
W apXemb tZhX- IfpsS cq]nepw bmsXmv AJn-
e- n- tbpw Bmhv A- cym- an- bmb ]c- ta- iz- c-
\mbncnppthm Atlw Fm {]Imc- nepw \app
IymWa-b- \mbncn--tW. \psS D-Xn- bpsS am--
fn bmsXmcp hn[- n-ep hnLv\ fpw kw`hn-p
hm A\phZn- mXn- cn- tW. Fmn- tbpw A-cym
an- bmb B {_s \akv-cnpp.
C{]Imcw ]c- ammhnt\mSp imn-mbn {]mnnv
kq{Xmmhv {]mWs cq]n ka-kvX-Pohn-Ifnepw
hym]nn- cnp B ]c-ta- iz- cs\ hmbphns \matm
SpIqSn kvXpXn-pp. tlkin-am\pw AJn-en-
tbpw {]mWkz-cq]\pw hmbpa-b-\pamb ]ctaizcm,
Asb \akv -cnpp. ApXs Fm{]mWnIfp
tSbpw {]mWkz-cq]amb {]Xy{_ BIpp. AXn-
\m Rm Asb {]Xy{_-ns \ma-n
hnfnpw; "EX' \ma-nepw Rm\sb kwt_m[\
sNpw. FpsImsm Fm {]mWnItfbpw kw_
nv AXv awKfImcnbmb \nb- aamIpp. As\-bp
\nb- acq]amb EX- ns A[njvTm\w Ap X- bmW
tm. AXpt]mse Rm Asb "kXy' a-t]cnepw
kwt_m[\ sNpw. FpsImsm kXy (b- Ym
`mjWw) ns A[njv Tm\ tZhXbpw ApX-s-bm
Wsm. khym]nbpw A- cymanbpamb B ]c- taizc
F\np kZmNc- Whpw AXpt]mse kXv `mjWhpw kZv
hnZy {Kln-p-Xn-\p inbpw {]Zm\w sNbvXv Cu
P\-\- ac-Wcq]amIp kwkmc- N{In \npw Fs-
c-n-- s. IqSmsX, Fs BNmcy\v Chsbmw D]tZ
in- psImSpv FmbnSpw B kXys {]Ncnn- p
-Xn-\p in {]Zm\w sNbvXv Atls cn--
s. "ChnsS Fs cn-s' "hmhns\ cn-s'
Fo hmIysf Bhnp ]dbpXv imn-]mT
ns kam]v Xnsb kqNn- npp.
Hmw imnx, imnx, imnx C{]Imcw aqphw ]d
bp-- Xn- \p ImcWw B[n- `u-XnIw, B[n-ssZ-hnIw
BymnIw Fo aqp {]Imc-nepw kw`hn-m
hp Fm hnLv\- -fptSbpw k\miw kw`hns
FpXmWv. `Khm imn-kz- cq]\mIpp. AXn\m
Atl-ns kv ac- Wam{Xbns Fm {]Imc- n
epap imn \nnXamIpp.
ZznXo- bm- \p- hmIw
inmw hymJymkymax, hx kzcx. am{Xm
_ew. kma kwXm\x. CXypx inm-[ymbx.
Cu a{-n thtZmm-c-W-ns \nb-a-sf
hn-p-Xn\p {]Xn sNbvXpsImv AhbpsS
ktX am{Xsb Ipdn-pp. Amev GsX-nepw
injy ]c-ammhns cl-kyhnZybpsS Pnmkphm
bnocpIbmsWn Ah Cu \nb- asf t\c-t-
Xs ]q-ambpw {Klnncnp- h\mbncn- Ww. AXn
\m Ahs\ {imephmp- Xn\v ASbmf {]IS\-
Xs Bhiyambn-cpp. a\pjyv Hmtcm hmpIfp
tSbpw Dmc-Wn {i-tbmSpIqSn kwkmcn- p-Xn-
\p A`ymkw knnWw Fp-XmWv Cu ktX-
- fpsS `mhw Fp {]XoX- amIpp. Fm euIn-Ii
_vZ-fn \nb-a-sf ]men-phm Ign- bpn-s- n
Ipd- ]w thZa{- fpsS DmcWsanepw Ahiyw
inWa\pkcnmbncn--Ww. I, J apXemb hyRvP- \-
h- - fnepw A, B apX- emb kzc-h- fpw kv ]jv S
ambns Dcn- Ww. Zyamb "k' bpsS m\- n
Xmehyamb "i' AYhm "j' bpsS DmcWw \Sphm
]mSn. "h' bpsS m\v "_' Fpw Dcnphm ]mSn
. C{]Imcw Xs ap h--fpsS Dmc-Wnepw
{]tXyIamb {i ]Xn-n-n- cn--Ww. CXpt]mseXs
kwkmcn- p ka-bw, GXphs GXp m\v
Fp `mhw {]ISnnp- Xn\v Dkzcn DcnpXv
DNn-X-ambn- cn-ptam GXns\ a[ykz-c- nepw GXns\
\nav\-kz-c-nepw Dcn-pXv DNn-X-ambn- cn-ptam
AsXmw ]q- ambn {inv btYmNn- Xamb kzc- n
kwkmcn- -Ww. thZa- {- -fpsS Dmc-Wn DZm-
- fmb kzc- sf {]tXyIw {inpIbpw FhnsS GXp
kzcw thWtam AXns\- nbp bYmm\w Dm
bn- cn- pIbpw sNt- Xpw BhiyamWv . FpsIms
m a{- fn kzc-hyXymkw DmIp- Xn\npw
AhbpsS Aw amdn-hcpw. AXpt]mse Aip-kz-c-
sf Dcnp- h\v A\njvSXsb kzoIcnt- Xmbpw
hcpp. {lkzw, ZoLw, ]vfpXw C{]Imcw am{X-IfpsS
hyXymkw a\-n- emn btYmNnXw DmcWw \S- - Ww.
FpsImsm {lkz-ns m\v ZoLhpw
ZoLns m\p {lkz-hpamn Dcn-p-Xp
sImv An hepXmb Acw kw`hn-pp.
"knX' bpw "koX' bpw t]mseXs. _ens Aw
{]b-Xv\w, h-sf Dcn- ptm AXns [z\nsb
hy-amp-Xn DmIp {]bmks {]bXv\w
Fp ]dbpp. {]bXv\w cphn[nepv ; B`ychpw
_mlyhpw. B`yc-n\v Apw _mlyn\v ]Xn-
s\mpw t`Z-fpsv AwKo-Icn- -s-n-cn-pp.
kv]rjvSw, Cujv]r-jvSw, hnhr-Xw, CujXv hnhr-Xw,
kwhrXw Ch B`ycfmb {]b- Xv\- - fmIpp. hnhm
c, kwhmc, izmk, \mZ, tLmj, AtLmj, Aev ]{]mW,
alm{]mW, DZm, A\pZm, kzcnX- _mly{]b-
Xv\fpw BIpp. DZml-c-Wn\p "I' apX "a' hsc-
bp A- c- - fpsS B`yc-{]bXv\w kv ]rjv Sw BIp
p. FpsImsm IWvTw BZnbmb m\- fn
I K
N P
114
{]mWhmbphns kv]i\wsImpw ChbpsS DmcWw
kw`hnpp. "I' bpsS _mly{]bXv\w hnhmcw, izmkw,
AtLmjw, Aev ]{]mWw ChbmWv. Cu hnjbns
hniZm\-n\v hymIcWw t\m- Ww. h--fpsS
ka- hr-n- tbm-SpIq-Snb DmcWw AYhm kma- Km-\-
ns coXn-Xs kmaw BIpp. AXn-s\-n- bp
Adnhpw XZ\pkc-Wamb Dmc-Whpw AXyw Bhiy
amIpp. kwXm\ns Aw kwlnX FmWv.
kn, kzcw, hy\w, hnkw, A\pkzmcw apX-em
bh AXmXns ]c- hnIfmb h- -fpsS kwtbm
Kw- sImv ]ebn-S- - fnepw \qX- \- cq]w {]m]npp. Cu
kwtbmKP-\n-X- -fmb hnIr-Xn`mhsf "kn' Fp
]dbpp. GsXnepw {]tXyI m\- n kn {]tbm
Kn-n-psn AhnsS h-hn-Imcw DmIpn-.
Fn AXns\ {]Ir-Xn-`mhw Fp ]dbpp. Npcp-
n hfpsS Dmc- Wn ta- d Bdp \nb
a- -tfbpw ]men- -Ww.
XrXo- bm- \phmIw
kw_w C\n BNmcy Xsbpw injysbpw A`yp
Zbs {]IS-amn- smv kwlnXm hnjbIamb D]m
k\mhn[n Bcw- `npp
kl \u bix. kl \u { _- h- kw.
AYmXx kwln- Xmbm D]\n-jZw hymJymkym-ax.
]-kz- [n-I-c-tWjp. A[n-temI- a-[n-tPymXnja[n-
hn-Zy-a[n {]P-a-ymw. Xm almkw-lnXm CXym
N- - tX. AYm[n- tem- Iw. ]rYnho ]q- cq- ]w.
Zyucp-c-cq]w. BImix knx. hmbpx km-
\w. CXy[n-temIw.
Cu Aymb-n BZyambn ka-Zin-bmb BNm
cy hgn X\np thnbpw injy\pthnbpw bin-
tbpw tXP-n-tbpw hrn-p DtitmSpIqSn
ip`mImw {]ISnnpp. \appw \psS {imephpw
hn\b- hm\pamb injy\pw m\-n\npw D]mk\
bn \npw e`yamIp bipw {_-tX- Px{]m]vXnbpw
DmIs. AXn-\ptijw kwlnXmhnjb- Iambn D]\n- j
ns\ hymJym\n-p-Xn\p {]Xn sNbvXpsImv
AXns\ \ncq]Ww sNpp. h--fn-epmIp
knsb "kwlnX' Fp ]dbpp. B kwln-X-Xs
hym]Icq]w [cnv temIw apX- emb- hsb kzw hnjb-
- fmptm AXns\ "almkwlnX' Fp ]dbpp.
kwlnX AYhm kn Ap{]Imc-n-epv kzcw,
hyRv P\w, kzmZn, hnkw, A\pkzmcw. ChXs kn
bpsS A[n- jvTm\- amIp-XpsImv ]- knsb- -t]
cn {]kn--ambn-on-cn-pp. Cu kn-Iv
Av B{ib- - fps- Xv Hcp hkvXpX- bmWv. CXpt]m
seXs ]qtmamb almkwlnXbvpw AYhm alm
knpw Av B{ib-- fpv AXv temIw, tPymXn
v , hnZy, {]Pm, Bmhv ChbmIpp. Fs\ h- -
fn kn Zin- - Sppthm A- s\- Xs Cu temIm
ZnIfnepw kwlnXmZrjvSn shbv Wsap Xmev ]cyw. AXv
F{]Imc- amtWm A{]Imcw Cmcyw a\- nems- SWw.
Hmtcm knpw \mep`mK hoXapv ]qhw,
]c- hw, cnsbpw IqSnbp cq]w XYm cnsbpw
kwtbmP-I\nb- aw. CXpt]mseXs bmsXmcp temIw
BZn- bn kwln- Xm-Zr- jvSn- sb- n ImWn- p-X- pthm
AXn\pw \mep hn`mK DmIpw; ]qcq]w, D- c-
cq]w, kn (c-pw-IqSn tNcptmgpmIp cq]w)
kw[m\w (kwtbmP- Iw).
Cu a{n temIhn-jbIamb kwln-XmZr-jvSn-
bpsS \ncq]Ww \S-s- ncnpp. ]rYzn AXmbXv Cu
temIw Xs ]qcq]amIpp. temIhnjb- Iamb alm
kw-ln-X-bn ]q h-ns m\v ]rYznsb
ImWWw FpXmev]cyw. CXpt]mseXs khpw
kwlnXbpsS D- c- cq]w (]c- hw) BIpp. BImiw
(A-cow) Xs. Cu cn-sbpw knbpw hmbp
ChbpsS km\hpw (kw- tbmPIw) BIpp. Fs\
]qhpw D-c-hpamb h- kn-bn tNv
Hmbn-ocppthm A-s\-Xs {]mWhmbp-aqew
]qh- m\ob- amb Cu `qX- ense {]mWn D- c-
h-m\ob- amb kz-temIhpambn tN-s- Spp
(kw_s- Sppp).
Cu h- \- bn Cjv S- ap temI- n s
{]m]vXnsbn ]dncnpp. FpsImsm ^e
{ipXnbn Cu hnZy Adnbp-XpsImp ^ew kz-
temIhpambn _- s- pt]mhpI Fp ]dncnpp.
Fm Cu hnZy-bpsS ]c-c \jv S-s-p-t]m- bXp
ImcWw BwKycq]n- ep h-\-Ifn\npw F{]
Imcw GXptemIs {]m]nphm Ignbpw Fp a\-
nemphm km[ya Fv Hc- \pam\w ChnsS DmIp
p. temI-fpsS {]m]vXn-bn {]mW\p {]m[m\yap
sp am{Xw a\-nemIpp. {]mW hgn- bmbn- s
a\-tmSpw C{nbtfmSpwIqSn Pohmmhns {]tXyI
temIfn-tep Ka\w \Spp. Cmcyw D]\n- j
pIfn ]ebnSpw ]dn- cnpp. Fm ]rYzn
BZy h-sapw ZyptemIw cmas h- sapw
AXpt]mse BImiw kn (C- hbpsS kwbp- cq]w)
Fpw ChnsS ]db- s- ncnpp. (Cu IY\- ns icn
bmb Bibw FmsWp a\-nemIpn.)
AYm[n-PyuXn-jw. Anx ]q-cq]w. BZnXy
D- c- cq-]w. B]x knx sshZypXx km\w.
CXy[n-Pyu-Xn- jw.
An Cu `qXen kpe`amWv. AXn\m AXns\
kwln- X- bpsS ]q- h- sap IcpXp- p. kqcy
ZyptemIn {]Iminpp. AXn\m AXns\ D- c-
cq] (]c-h) sap ]dbpp. Ch cn \npw D-
hn- XpIm-cWw taLw Xs knbpw AXpt]mse
I K
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115
sshZypXinXs tlXphpw (km\w) Bbn ]db- s-
Sp- p.
Cu a{- n tPymXnhnjbI kwlnXsb hn-
nv tPymXn- pIfpsS kwtbmKn\npw \m\m{]Im
c-n-ep `uXnI hkvXp-fpsS {]Imi\- fpw Ah
bpsS hnm\ cl-kyhpw a\-n-empp. B tPymXn-
pIfpsS kw_n \npw D- hn-np t`mKy]
Zmv Pens \maw sImSp- sSpIbpw Ah
sb-mn-tbpw D-n- bn hnZypns\ kwtbmP-
Isap ]db- s-SpIbpw sNpp. FpsImsm
Cmep sshm\nI sshZypXn kw_n
\npw \m\mhn[- nep `uXnIhnImk {]ISamn
mWn-pp. thZ- fn Cu `uXn-tIm-Xn-mbp
km[-\bpw \mbp]tZin-s-ncn-pp Fv CXn
\npw hy- amIpp; Fm ]c-c \in-pt]mbXp
ImcWw AXns\ {Klnnp-hcpw, {Klnnphm Ign
hp-hcpw Zp`ambnon- cn- pp.
AYm[nhnZyw. BNmcyx ]qcq]w. Athmkyp-
c-cq]w. hnZymx knx. {]hN\w km\w. CXy[n hnZyw.
Cu a{n hnZysb kw_np kwlnXm ho
Wn-ep D]tZiw sImSp-s- n-cn-pp. CXphgn-
bmbn hnZym{]m]v Xn- p clkyw a\- nem-s- Spp.
F{]Imcw h-kn-bn Hv ]qhhpw asmv
]c- h- hpambncnppthm AXpt]mse Xs ChnsS
hnZymcq]kwlnXbn KpcphmIs ]q hhpw `n
hn\- b-tmSpIqSn Kpcphns\ tkhn-p hnZym`n- emjn-
bmb injy ]c-h-hpamIpp. AXpt]mse kn-
bn cph- - fpsS kwtbmKwsImv Fns\ aqm
a-Xmbn Hcp ]pXnb h-apmIppthm AtX- {]Imcw
Kpcphn- tbpw injytbpw kw_n \np- hn-
p hnZy m\wXs ChnsS knbmIpp. Cu
hnZymcq]kn {]IS- amIp- Xn\p Imc- WamWp {]hN
\w. Kpcphns D]tZihpw injys {im]qap {ih
Whpw {Kl- Whpw Xs km\w BIpp. bmsXmcp
Cu clkyw a\-n-emn hnZzm\mb Kpcphns\
tkhnppthm Ah Xobmbpw hnZysb {]m]n- nv
m\nbmbnocpp.
AYm[n-{]Pw. amXm ]q-cq]w, ]ntXm-c-cq]w.
{]Pm knx. {]P-\\w km-\w. CXy[n-{]Pw.
Cu a{n kwlnXmcq]n {]Pmh\w \S
nbnv km\- {]m]vXnp clkyw a\- n- empp.
Cu {]Pmhnjb- kwlnXbn amXmhmIs ]qhhpw
]nXmhv ]c-h-hpamIpp. cp h-- fpsS kn-
bn\npw Hcp ]pXnb hw DmIp- Xpt]mse amXm
hn-sbpw ]nXmhnsbpw kwtbmK- n \npw D- hn
p km\w-Xs Cu kwln-X-bn cn-sbpw
kn (kw-bp kzcq]w) BIpp. AXpt]mse EXp
Imen imkv {X- hn-[n- b-\pkcnp btYmNnXw \nb- a- ]
c- ambn amXm]nXm kmt\mev]mZt\mtitmSpIqSn
\S- sSp kl- hmkw Xs km\w (kmt\m-
nbpsS ImcWw) BIpp. bmsXmcp Cu clkyw
a\- nemn kmt\mnbpsS DtitmSpIqSn EXp
Imen [bp-ambn kv{Xokl-hmkw \S-p
pthm Ah \n- b-ambpw Xs Cm\pkc-Wap
t{ijv T km\s {]m]npp.
AYmymw. A[cm l\px ]qh-cq]w. D-cm
l-\pcp- -c- cq]w. hmIvknx. Pnlzm km- \w.
CXy-[ymw.
Cu a{n icoc- hn- jbIamb kwlnXm ho
Ws D]tZin-n-cn-pp. icoc- ns {][m\amb
AwKw apJ-amIpp. AXn-\m apJ-ns Ahb-h-
fnXs kwln-X-bpsS hn`mK ImWn--s-Spp.
apIfnse XpS-sbp ]c-hhpw Xmgs XmSn-sbp
kwln- XbpsS ]qhhpw BIpp. Cu cn-sbpw
kwtbmK- n\nv ChbpsS ay`mKn A`nhy-
amIp hmWn-Xs knbpw Pnlzm km\hpw (hm
Wo- cp- ]- am- I kn- bpsS {]I- S- am- Ip Imc- Ww)
XsbmIpp. FpsImsm Pnlzsb- qSmsX a\p
jyp bmsXmcp hmpw Dcnphm kmya. hmWn
bn Akm[mcWamb in nXnsNpp. hmWoZzmcm
{]m\ \Sn a\pjyp icoc- ns t]mjWhpw
AXns\ t{ijvTamp- Xn\p Fm kma{KnIfpw {]m]n
phm km[n- pp. HmwImc- kzcq]amb ]c- ta- izcs
\ma-P-]n\npw ]c-am-mhn- t\bpw {]m]n-phm
km[n-pp. C{]Imcw hmWn-bn imcocn-Ihpw B-
hnjb-Ihpamb cpX- c-nep DXn kwPmXamp
-Xn- \p Ignhp \ndp\npp. Cu cl-kys
a\-n-emn bmsXmcp a\pjy Xs hmWnsb bYm
tbmKyw D]tbmKnppthm Ah hmIvin {]m]nnv
AXphgnbmbn A`ojv S^- es {]m]np- Xn ka
\mbn `hn-pp.
CXoam alm kwlnXm b GhtaXm almkw-
lnXm hymJymXm thZ. kw[obtX {]Pbm ]ip
`nx. {_-htk\mmtZy\ kphtW temtI-
\.
Cu a{n Ap{]Imc-n ]dn- cn-p
almkwlnXIfpsS bYmm\^ew ]d-b- sncnp
p. Chsb Adnbp- h\p Xs C- \pIqeamb km
\s {]m]n-phm IgnbpIbpw hnZyhgn-bmbn {_
tXP--\mbn `hn-pIbpw sNpp. Xs Cm\p
kc-Wambn \m\m{]Imc-n-ep arK-tfbpw Aw
apXemb t`mKy]Zmtfbpw kmZnphm Ignbp
p. C{Xam{Xa, Ah\p kz- temI{]m]v Xnbpw DmIp
p. Chaqew temIhn-jbamb kwln-X-bpsS m\-
I K
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116
m kzmZn D- atemIfpw tPymXnhnjb- Iamb
m\-m \m\mhn-[-n-ep `uXn- IhkvXp-fpw
{]Pmhn- jbIkn-bpsS m\-m km\-fpw
hnZymhnjb- Ikw- lnXbpsS m\- m hnZybpw {_-
tX- Pv BymnI kwlnX ChbpsS hnm\- m
hmIv in{]m]vXnbpw DmIpw Fp a\- n- em- Ww.
{ipXn-bn Fm kwln-X-IfptSbpw m\- ns
kmaqln- Iamb ^esf ]dn- cnpp. {ipXn Cuiz-
cs hmWn- bmIpp. AXn\m CXns clkyw a\-n-
emn {i-tbmSpw hnizmktmSpwIqSn D]cyp-amb
D]mk\Isf A\pjv Tn- m \nt-l- ambpw Fm ^e
-tfbpw {]m]nphm km[yamIpp.
NXpm- \phmIw
bivO--kmar-jt`mhn- izcq]x. Otmt`ym[yar-
Xm-Xvkw-_`q-h. k tat{mta- [bm kv]rtWm-Xp.
Aar- Xky tZh [mctWm `qbm- kw. icocw ta
hnNjWw. Pnlzm ta a[pa- am. Im`ymw `qcn
hn{ip-hw. {_Wx tImtimkn ta[bm ]nln-Xx.
{ipXw ta tKm]mb.
Cu \mema-\p-hm-In ta{ipXw tKm]mb Cu
hmIyw hsc ]c- {_ ]c- ammhns {]m]n- mhiyamb
_pn_ehpw imcocn-I_ehpw {]m]np-Xn\p Dt
iytmSpIqSn ]c-ta-iz-c-t\mSv Atl-ns \ma-amb
HmwImc- ]mcm {]mn- p- Xn- \p {]Ic- W \nt
in- - s-n- cnpp. Hmw F- Xv, thtZm- - fmbn ]c-ta
izc-\p \ma--fn-semw t{ijvThpw kcq]hpamIp
p. FpsImsm Hmtcm a{ntbpw BZnbn
HmwImcw Dcn--s-SpIbpw HmwImc-ns DmcWw
kq thZ-fpsS Dmc- W^ew {]m]vX- ampIbpw
sNpp. AXpt]mse Ahn\minbmb thZ- tfmSpw Cu
HmwImcw {][m\-cq]n {]IS-ambncn- pIbpw sNp
p. HmwImcw \mahpw ]c- taizc \manbpw BIpp. AXn
\m cpw ]c- kv]cw A`n-amWv. {]Whcq]amb B
]c- am- mhv AJn- e- n- tbpw ]c- ta- iz- c BbXp
ImcWw ""C{'' F t]cn {]kn- \mbncnpp. B
C{ Fs ta[minbm k- am- s. "[o[mc-
WmhXo ta[m' F tImihmIya\pkcnv [mcWm in
bm k- amb _pnbpsS \maw "ta[m' FmWv . ]c-
ammhv Fs ]Tn- Xpw {KlnXpamb `mhsf hln-
p- Xn\p inbm k- \mtW Fp Xm-
cyw. tl tZh, Rm A-bpsS Assl- XpIo Ir]bm
B AarX- amb kzcq]s kzw lrZb- n hln- p
-h\mbn- oc- s. A- bpsS D]mk\bn bmsXmcphn
[-amb hnLv\- fpw kw`hn-mXn-cn-p-Xn\v Fs
icocw tcmKc- lnX- amn-o-tW. Fs Pnlz Ap
XIc- amb a[pc- hmWnbm A- bpsS a[pc\ma- - tfbpw
KpW-tfbpw Ionv AhbpsS a[pc-ckw Bkz-Zn-
p- Xmbn `hn- tW. Rm Fs cp I- hgn
awKea-b-amb hf- sc- b-[nIw hmpIsf {ihn-psImn-
cn--tW. AXmbXv Fs I--fn BNmcy\m
hn- s cl- kys ]q- ambn {ihnp- Xn\p
in-bpm-tW. F\nv A-bpsS awKf-a-b-amb
bip {ihnp- Xn-\p Ahkcw e`yamtW. tl
HmwImcta! \o ]c-taizcs \n[nbmIpp. AXmbXv B
]q- {_ ]c-taizc \nn \nd-ncnpp; Fp
sImsm \man- \ma- s-s B{ibn- ncnpp.
Cs\ Bbn-cpnpw \o a\pjycpsS euInI _pn-
bm s]mXn-b-spw Ccn-pp. euIn- Iamb X--
fm A\pkm\w sNsSp- hcpsS _pnbn \ns
{]`mhw hy-ambncn- pn. tl tZhm, \o tI- s
D]tZis cn-q. AXmbXv F\nv bmsXmcp]tZiw
{ihn-p-Xn-\p km[n-pthm AXns\ Rm kvacn-p
sImv AX-\pkcnv Fs PohnXw Bhn-jv-cnp-
Xn\p Ir]sNp.
kw_w C\n sFiz- cys A`n - e- jn- p- -
hpthn lh\w \Sp-Xn\p a{s Bcw-`n
pp
Bh-lo hnX-\zm\m IhmWmNoc-am-\x.
hmkmwkn aa Kmh-. A-]mt\ N.
kZm. XtXm.
ta {inbamh-l. temaimw ]ip`nx
kl kzmlm.
\mema- \phmInse D]cyp-amb Cu Awin
sFizcys Imwn-p kImc-a-cmb a\pjyp
thn ]c-ta-iz-c-t\mSp {]mn-psImv AKv\n-bnev
BlqXn \Ip coXnsb- n ]dbpp. "Atbm AKv\n
bpsS A[njvTmXmhmb ]c- taizc, Fs kzambnp
Bhiyn\p thnhm hnew_w IqSmsX \m\m{]
Imc- nepff hkv{Xfpw tKmfpw `np- Xn\p
Fm hkvXpfpw Ftmgpw Zm\w sNpI, Ahsb A`n
hr-ns-SppI, AXpt]mse Ahsb \hq\-amn- - cn
I. \q F\npthn BSv apXembn tcma-tfmSpIqSnb-
hbpw ap Xc-n-epapf-Af arKkln-X-amb sFiz-cy
tbpw {]Zm\wsNq. AXmbXv Fm t`mKkma{KlnI
fptSbpw km[- \mcq]amb [\s \o F\n-mbn Zm\w
sNpI F- XmWv {]m\- bpsS Bibw. Cu a{s
D-cn-nv "kzmlm' F hmtmSp-IqSn AKv\n-bn
BlpXn sNWw. CXv sFiz- cy{]]vXn- p km[-\- bm
Ipp.
kw_- w- BNmcy {_-NmcnbpsS lnXmw F{]
Imcw lh\w \SWw? CXns hn[nI ]dbpp.
B ambp {_-NmcnWx kzmlm. hnambp
{_-NmcnWx kzmlmx {]am-bp {_lva-NmcnWx
kzmlm. Zabp {_lva-NmcnWx kzmlm. iambp
{_lvamNmcnWx kzmlm.
I K
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117
\mema\phmIns Cu Awin injylnXn
\mbn BNmcy GsXmw a{Zzmcm lh\w sN
Wtam Ahsb hn-n-cn-pp. BNmcy "D-a-{_
lv aNmcnI Fsb- Sp hnZyb- `yknpXn\p hcs'
Fp DtiytmSpIqSn a{w sNmn "kzmlm' F
Dmc-WtmsS BZymlpXn \Is; "Fs {_-Nmcn
Im]Syiq\y\mbn- cn-s' F DtitmsS a{w
sNmn "kzmlm' F Dmc-WtmSpIqSn cmas
BlpXn kan--s. ""{_lva-Nmcn-I C{n-b- sf
Aa-hcpn-b-hcmbnocs' Cu DtitmSpIqSn
\memas BlpXn kan- -s. AXpt]mse ""{_lva-
NmcnI a\- kv kns\ kzm[o\-nemnb- hcmbncns''
Cu Dti-tm-SpIqSn at{m-mc-W]qIw"kzmlm'
i_vZtmsS Amas BlpXn kans.
kw_- w- BNmcy Xs euIn- Ihpw ]mc-euInIhp
amb lnX-pthn F{]Imcw lh\w \S- Ww?
AXns hn[nIsfn ]dbpp.
btim Pt\km\n kz mlm. t{ ibm
hkytkmkm\n kzmlm. Xw Xzm `K {]hn-im\n
kzmlm. k am `K {]hni kzmlm. Xkvan kl-
kvd- imtJ \n `Kmlw Xzbn artP kzmlm.
\memaymb- ns Cu Awin BNmcy Xs
lnXn\pthn sNs- tS lh\s hnncnp
p. "BfpIfn Rm bikznbmIs. temIn Fs
bins kuc`yw k{X hym]n- s. Fs bin\p
If--ta- BNc-W-sfmpw Fn\npw
DmImXncns' Cu DtiytmsS "btim Pt\km\n'
F a{s DcnpsImv "kzmlm' ]ZtmSpIqSn
BZymlpXn An- Ww. "alm[\nI\- msc At]np
Rm AXy[nIw k- \mbn `hns' Cu Dtis
ap\nn a{ s D- cn - p- sImv "kz mlm'
i_vZtmsS cmas BlpXn An- bn An- -
Ww. "tl `Kh, Rm A-bpsS Znhy kzcq]n
{]th- in- s' Cu Dt- i- tmsS a{w D- cn v
"kzmlm'i_vZtmsS aqmas BlpXn Anbnen
- Ww. "tl `Kh AbpsS Znhykzcq]w Fn {]hn
jvS-ambn-ocs' , Fs a\-n nXn-sNs'Cu
DtitmSpIqSnb at{mmcW klnXw "kzmlm' i_vZ
tmsS \memas BlpXn Anbn kan- -Ww.
"tl `Kh, Bbn- c- -Wn\p imJ-ItfmSpIqSnb A-
bpsS B Znhycq]n [ym\- \n-a\mbn Rm kzmb-
ambns hnip- \mbnocs' Cu DtitmSpIqSn
at{mmc-W]qw "kzmlm' i_vZtmSpIqSn Am
as BlpXn Anbn Hgn- -Ww.
bYm]x {]hXm bn bYm amkm AlP-
cw. Ghw amw {_-]mcn-tW[mXcmb-pkXx
kzmlm.
{]Xn-thtimkn{] am `mhn {] am ]Zykz.
"F{]Imcw kakvX Pe {]hmlfpw Xmgv `mKt-
bvsmgpIn kap{Zn tNcppthm F{]Imcw amkZn
\- - fpsS Ayw kwh- c- cq]amIp Imen sNp
tNcppthm tl hn[mXm. A{]Imcw Fs ASp
Fm `mKp\npw {_-Nmcn-I hcpIbpw Rm
Ahp hnZybp]tZin-nv awKf-Imcn-Ifmb D]tZi
fpw \In Fs I- hytbpw AXpt]mse A-
bpsS B-tbbpw ]men- psImv Pohns' Cu Dt
itmSpIqSn a{apcnv "kzmlm' i_vZtmSpISn Bdm
as BlpXn Anbn An- Ww. "tl ]c- am!
Av AJnentbpw hn{ia- m\amIpp. Ctm
F\npthn A-bpsS Znhykzcq]s {]Iminnp
X-cn- Ibpw Fs kzoIcn-bpw sNbvXmepw. Cu Dti
tmsS a{apcnv "kzmlm i_vZtmSpIqSn Ggmw
BlpXn An- bn CS-Ww.
C{]Imcw Cu temIn- sbpw ]c- temInsbpw
D- Xnp ]c- ammhnt\mSp {]m\bpw AtXmSp
IqSn- bp lh\-hpamsWp ]db- s- n- cnpp.
]- am- \p- hmIw
`q`phx kph-cnXn hm GXmkvXnkvtdm hymlr-
X- bx. Xmkmap l kvssaXmw NXpYow amlmN
akyx {]th-Zb-tX. al CXn. XZv{_. k Bm.
AMvKm\y\ym tZh-Xmx. `qcnXn hm Abw temIx.
`ph CXy- - cn- w. kph- cn- Xyku temIx. al
CXymZn-Xyx. BZn-tXy\ hmh kth temIm alo-
b-t.
Cu Amas A\phmIn `qx, `phx, kzx, alx
Cu \mep hymlrXnIfpsS (a{- fpsS) D]mk\mc- lkyw
]dnv AXns ^es hnpp. BZyambn `qx,
`phx, kzmx Cu aqp hymlr-Xn-I {]kn---sf
Imcyw ]dn- cnpp. Fm Chsb-qSmsX \mem
as hymlrXnbmb "alx' F- Xns D]mk\m clkyw
hfsc apt] Xs almNa- ks ]p{X {Klnncpp.
Cu \mep hymlrXn- Isfbpw \mep {]Imc- - fn {]tbm
Knv D]mknp- Xn\p hn[nI app]d-np B
Imew apX {]Ncn- psImn-cn- pp. CXn\ptijw Cu
\mep hymlrXnIfn F{]Imc- nep `mh\ItfmSpIq
Snb D]mk\ \S- Ww Fp CXv a\-n-empp. Cu
\mep hymlrXnIfn F{]Imc- nep `mh\- ItfmSpIq
Snb D]mk\ \S- Ww Fp CXv a\-n-empp. Cu
\mep hymlrXnIfn \memat- Xmb "alx' Ghpw {][m
\-s-XmIpp. AXn-\m D]mky tZhX-Ifn "alx'
hymlr- Xnsb {_- ns kzcq]sap a\- nem- Ww
\memas hymlr-Xn-bmb "alx' {_-ns \ma-am
b- Xp-sImv {_w-X-s- bm- Ipp. FpsImsm
{_w Fmnsbpw BmhmIpp, kkzcq]am
Ipp. ap Fm tZhX-I AXns AwK-fpamIp
p. AXn\m GsXnepw Hcp tZhX Cu hymlrXnIfm
I K
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118
D]m- kn- - s- Sp- p- sh- n AXv k- kz- cq- ]- \mb
]ctaizcs Xs D]mk\ F Imcyw ad-pt]mIcp
Xv. Fm tZhX- Ifpw Atl-ns Xs AwKfmb-
XpsImv ap tZhX-IfpsS D]mk\bpw Atl- ns
Xs-bmIpp. AXn\ptijw Cu hymlr- XnIfn temI
- sfn Nnn- p- Xn- \p hn[nbpw C{]Imcw ]dn
cn- pp. "`qx' CXv ]rYznsb-pdnpp. "`qhx' A- co
t-bpw, "kzx' kp{]kn--amb kz-temIt-bpw,
"alx' CXv kqcyt\bpw Ipdn- pp. FpsImsm
kqcy\n\npw Fm temIfpw alnam\znXambnsm
n-cn-pp. `qx, `phx, kzx Cu aqp hymlr-Xn-Ifpw
B ]c-ta-iz-cs hncmSv icoc- cq]amIp Cu qe
{_mWvUs Ipdnpp AXmbXv ]c- taizcs AwK
ns \mahpw AXpt]mse "alx' F \memas
hymlrXn Cu hncmSv icocs {]Iminnp AXns
B- kz- cq]amIpp ]c-taizcs\ Ipdnp-XpamIpp.
"alx' CXp kqcys \maw BIpp. kqcys Bmhpw
]c-ta- iz-c Xs-bmIpp. AXn- \m kqcycq]n
\nv Fm temI-tfbpw Atlw-Xs {]Imin-n- p
sImn- cnpp. AXpsImv ChnsS kqcys D]e
Wn\npw Cu hncmSv icocs {]Imin-n-psIm
n-cn- p CXns B-cq]amb ]a-tc-iz-c- s\-s
D]mk\- bpsS eyamnbncn- pp.
`qcnXn hm Anx. `ph CXn hmbpx. kph-cnXym
ZnXyx. al CXn N{-amx. N{-akm hmh khmWn
tPymXowjn alo-b-t. `qcnXn hm ENx. `ph CXn
kmam- \n. kph- cnXn bPpw- jn. al CXn- {_- .
{_Wm hmh kth thZm alo-b-t.
CXpt]mse Xs hopw tPymXnpIfn Cu hymlr
XnIZzmcm ]ctaizcs D]mk\m{]Imc \ntin-
s- Spp. "`px' F hymlrXn AnbpsS \maamb- Xn\m
An Xs- bmIpp Fp `mhw. AntZhX hmWnbpsS
A[njvTm\- tZhXbpw hmWn Hmtcm hnjb- tfbpw hy-
amn {]Iminn- p-XpImcWw tPymXnpw BIpp.
AXn-\m AXpw tPymXn-pIfpsS D]mk\bn "`qx'
Fp tXmpamdmIpp. "`phx' CXv hmbphmIpp. hmbp
tZ-hX XzKn- {n-b-ns A[n-jvTm-Xmhpw XzKn- {nbw
kv ]i\s {]Iminnp- Xpamb tPymXnpamIpp.
AXn\m tPymXn- hn-jb-Iamb D]mk\- Ifn hmbphn
t\bpw Xzn-t\bpw "`phx' cq]n a\-n-em-Ww.
"kzx' CXv kqcy\mIpp. kqcy t\t{X{nb- - fpsS A[n
jvTmXmhmIpp. t\t{X-{nbhpw kqcys klmb- tm
SpIqSn cq]s {]Imin- np tPymXn- mIpp. AXn-
\m tPymXnhn-jbIamb D]mk\-Ifn kqcyt\bpw
t\t{X-{n-b- bpw "kzx' F hymlrXn cq]n a\-
n-em- Ww. "alx' F \memas hymlrXn N{-\m
sWp tXmpp. N{ a\- ns A[njv Tm\- tZhX- bm
Ipp. a\- ns klmb- m a\-tmsSmphkn- p
- Xn-\m Xs ka-kvtX- {nb-fpw kz- amb hnjb-
sf {]Iminnphm Ihnhp- Xmbnocpp. a\- n
s\- qSmsX Hpw kmya. AXn\m Fm tPymXn-p
Ifnepw {][m\w N{-s\pw a\-n-s\- s "alx'
hymlrXn cq]w Fpw Adnb- Ww. FpsImsm
N{-\n\npw AXmbXp a\-n \npXs Fm
tPymXncqt]{n- b-fpw aln- am\znX-ambn-smn-cn-p
p. C{]Imcw a\- ns cq]n ]c-ta- iz- cs\ D]mkn
p- Xn- \p hn[n hy- am- s- ncnpp. CXpt]mse
Xs thZ- fpsS hnjb- nepw hymlrXn-IfpsS {]tbm
Kwaqeap ]c- taiztcm]mk\- bpsS {]Imc- \ntin
-s-ncnpp. CXmWXns `mhw.
"`qx' CXv EtKz-ZamIpp. "`phx' kma-thZhpw "kzx'
bPpthZhpw "alx' {_hpw BIpp. FpsIms
m {_- n\npw Fm thZfpw aln- ambp-
ambn- cn- pp. Fm thZfnepw hn- n- p kakv X
m\fpw ]c- {_-]c- taizc- \n\npXs {]IShpw
Atl- n\npXs hym]vXhpamIpp. AXpt]mse
B ]c-ta-iz- cs XXz--fpsS h\w Cu thZ-fn
ImWpIbpw sNpp; AXn\m CXv Atl- ns aln
X-s-bmIpp. C{]Imcw thZ-fnse Cu hymlr-Xn-I
fpsS {]tbmKw-sImv D]mk\ sNWw.
`qcnXn ssh {]mWx. `ph CXy]m\x. kph-cnXn
hym\x. al CXyw. At\ hmh kt {]mWm
alo-b-t. Xm hm GXmXkvdXp[m. NXkvd
-Xkv tdm hymlr-X-bx. Xm tbm thZ. k thZ
{_. kthkvssa tZhm _en-amh-l-n.
AXn - \p - tijw { ]mWs hn j- b- n Cu
hymlrXnIfpsS {]tbmKw-sImp {]Imc- sf {Kln
npp. "`qx' {]mW\pw "`phx' A]m\\pw "kzx' hym\\pw
BIpp. Cs\ PKZv hym]n-bmb kakvX {]mWX-
s-bmWv Cu aqp hymlrXn-Ifpw. Aw "alx' cq]am
Ip \memas hymlr-Xn-bmWv . FpsImsm
F{]Imcw hymlrXnIfn "alx' {][m\- ambncn- pthm
AtX{]Imcw Xs Fm {]mWtbpw t]mjWw \Sn
AhbpsS aln-asb \ne\npIbpw hfpIbpw
sNp- XpImcWw Ahsb At]nv Aw {][m\- s-
XmIpp. AXn\m {]mWs Acymanbmb ]ctaiz
cs D]mk\ A-ns cq]n \S- -s-SWw.
C{]Imcw \mep hymlrXnItfbpw \mep {]Imc- n
{]bp- amn D]mknpXn\p coXnsb ]dnv AXv
{Klnv D]mknpXpsImpmIp ^esfpdnp
]dbpp. \mep {]Imc-W-fn-embn {]bp-amb Cu
\mep hymlrXnIfpsSbpw D]mk\- IfpsS clkyw bmsXm
cp Adn- bppthm AXmbXv a\-nemnbnv AXn\-
\pkc- Wambn ]c- {_ ]c- ammhns\ D]mknppthm
Ah {_s Adn-bp- Ibpw ka- kv X- tZ- h-X- Ifpw
I K
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119
Ah\p Imgv N kan-pIbpw sNpp. Ahs\ ]c-
ta-iz-cs {]nb Fp IcpXn BZcn-pIbpw k-
cnpIbpw sNpp.
jjvTm- \p- hmIw
k b Gtjmlr-Zb BImix. Xkvan-bw
]pcptjm at\m-a-bx. AartXm lnc-bx.
Cu A\phmIn \mepkw-KXn-I ]dn- cnp
p. AhbpsS kw_w ]qm\phmIn ]dn-
p D]tZifn\npw hyXykvXhpamIpp. B D]
tZifpsS ]qoIc-Wn- \mbn CXv Bcw- `n- pp.
]qm\phmIn a\- ns A[njvTm\ tZhXbmb
N{s\ C{n- b- - fpsS A[njvTm\ tZhXIfpsS {]Imi
I Fp hntijnnncnpp. AhbpsS {_-cq]n
ep D]mk\ sNp-Xn-\p bpnbpw a\- n-em-
sp Ign- ncn- pp. B at\mab ]c- {_w AJne
n-tbpw A-cyman-bmb ]pcpj Fhn-sS-bmIpp;
Atl-ns D]e_v[n FhnsS \npapmIpp
Cmcyw Cu A[ymb- ns BZymw- i-fn D]tZin-
n-cn- pp. Aymb-nse Cu Awins Bibw
ap]- d- - Xp- t]mse bmsXmv Cu lrZ- b- ns
A`mKv AwKpjv Tam{Xamb ]cnWma- tmSpIqSnb
BImiw Dmbncnppthm AXns Cu hnip
{]Imikz- cq]\pw Ahn\minbpw at\ma- b\pw A- cyman
bpamb ]c-ta-iz-c hncmPn-pp. CXpXs Atl-
ns kmmXvmc- amIpXv AXns\ {]m]np- Xn\p
ap e- fntepw t]mtI- Xmbn hcpn.
AtcW XmeptI. b Gj kvX\ Chmh-ew
_- tX. tk{ - tbm- \n x. b{ Xmku tIimtm
hnh- tX. hyt]mly ioj- I- ]m- te. `qcn -
Xyu {]Xn- Xn- jvT-Xn. `ph CXn hmbu. kphcn-
XymZn-tXy. al CXn {_-Wn.
B ]c- {_- ]c- taizcs\ Xs lrZb-n {]Xy
ambn- psImn- cn- p alm]pcpj Cu icocs
XyPnpt]mIptm F{]Imcw GXp amw shfnbnend
n, GXp {IatmSpIqSn `qx, `phx, kzx cq]- fmb ka
kv XtemI- fn ]cn]qambn AJnentbpw B-
kz- cq]amIp ]c- ta-iz-c- \n hnebw {]m]npp Cu
Imcyw Cu A\phmIns cmas Awin
shfns- Spnbncnpp. a\pjycpsS hmbn Xmephns
CSbn-embn apesRns BImc- n Xqn- nSp
amwk]nWv Uw (AXns\ kwkmc- `mjbn Ipdp\msp
]dbpp). AXn\p apIfn tIifpsS aqem\amb
{_-cv dw AhnsS lrZ-b- n \npw ]pd- sv
Ipdp\mns DnIqSn ISv cp It]metfbpw
t`Znp s]mbvsmn-cn-p kpjpav \ F t]cn
{]kn--amb \mUn, AXpXs C{-\ma-n kwt_m
[\ sNs- Sp ]c- ta- izcs {]m]vXnp hmXn- emIp
p. AyImev B alm]pcpj B am- nIqSn
icoc- ns shfn-bn ISv "`px' Fp ]db- s-Sp
Anbn nXnsNpp. {_-m\n {_-temIn
tep t]mIptm Ah BZyambn tPymXnabnbpw
A`n- am\n- bpamb AntZhX- bpsS A[n-Imc-n hp
tNcpp. A\- cw hmbphn nXn- sNpp. AXmbXv
`qanapX kqcytemIwhsc- bp Fm BImi- fnepw
bmsXmcps A[nImcw \ne\nppthm bmsXmv
Fpw k- cnp hmbphns A[njv Tm\- tZhX- bmbn
cn- ppthm bmsXmv "`phx' F t]cn Ama- ym
b- n hn- s-ncnppthm AXns Xs A[n
Imc- n Ah sNptNcpp. B tZhX Ahs\ "kzx'
F t]cn hn--s-Sp kqcytemIn Fn-
pIbpw ]noSv AhnsS \npw "alx' F t]cn hnfn
-s-Sp "{_' n nXn sNn-pIbpw sNp
p.
B]v t\mXn kzmcmPyw. B]v t\mXn a\-kkv]
Xnw. hmIv ]Xn-- p-jv]Xnx. t{im{X- ]Xnhn-m
\-]Xnx. GXtXm `hXn.
{_-temIn {]Xn- jvTn-X- \mb B alm]pcpj
GX- h-bn-emIpp F Imcyw Cu A\phmIns
aqmaw-in ]dpIgn-p. A\phmInse Cu
Awins Bibw Ah kzcmmbnocpp Fm
Wv. AXmbXv apIfn {]Ir-Xn-bpsS A[n-Imcw \ne
\npn-. Fnepw AXp kzbw Xs {]Ir-Xn-bpsS
A[n- jvTm-Xmhmbn- o-cp-p, FpsIms-m a\-
ns kakvXmx- Ic- WkapZmb- - fpsS kzmanbmb
]c-ammhns\ {]m]n- pp. AXn\m hmWn, Npv,
t{im{Xw, BZnbmb ka- kvtX- {nb-fpw AhbpsS tZh
XIfpw AXpt]mse hnm\- kzcq]amb _pnbpsSbpw
kzman- bmbn-ocpp. AXmbXv Chsbmw Ah-[o\-
ambn-ocpp. BZyw ]dn- cn-p B km[- \-bn
\npw D]cyp- amb ^ew e`n- pp.
BImiicocw {_. kXym {]mWmcmaw a\
B\-w. imn kar-a-ar-Xw. CXn {]mNo\- tbm
tKym-]m-z.
Ah {]m]n-p {_w F-s\- bpXmIpp?
AXns\ F{]- Imcw Nnn-p- Ibpw [ym\n-p- Ibpw
sNWw? B {_w BImiw-t]mse \ncmImchpw k
hym]nbpw AXyw kqva-icoc- tmSp-IqSn- b-XpamIp
p. GIam{X- kmcq]hpamWv. Fm C{n-b- pw
hn{iaw \IpXpw a\-n\v ]c-am\- ZmbIhpamWv.
AJ- WvUimnbpsS `WvUmchpw kYm Ahn\minbp
amWv. D-a- hnizmktmSpIqSn C{]Imcw IcpXn km[-
I Atls {]m]n- p- Xn- \pthn Atl- ns
Nnbnepw [ym\-nepw X-c-XtbmSpIqSn hym]r- X- cm
bnoc-Ww. Cu `mhs ImWn- p-Xn\pthn Ah
km\w {ipXnbpsS hmWn- bn Ejn Xs injyt\mSp ]d
I K
N P
120
bpp "tl {]mNo\ tbmKy, \o B {_ kzcq]s
C{]Imcw IcpXn AXns D]mk\ \Sq!'
k]vX- am- \p- hmIw
]rYn-hycnw ZuZntimhmc-Zn-ix. AKv
\nhm-bp-cm-Zn-Xy{am \{XmWn. B] Huj
[tbm h\-kv]Xb BImi Bm. CXym[n-`qXw.
AYmymw. {]mtWm hymt\m]m\ DZm\x kam
\x. Npx t{im{Xw at\m hmIv XzIv . N amwkw
kv\mhmn-a-m. GXZ[n-hn-[mb Ejn-c-thmNXv.
]mMv w hm CZw khw. ]mMv tss\h
]mMv w kv]rtWmXoXn.
Cu A\phmIn\p cp `mK Dv. BZy`mK
n AXnapJy-fmb B[n`uXnIhkv Xpsf temIw,
tPymXn-v, kvYqe]Zm Fo aqp ]wn-Ifn-
embn hn`Pnnv Ahsb hnpIbpw cmas `mK
n apJy- fmb BymnI (icoc- nXw) ]Zm
sf {]mW, Ic- Ww, [mXp Fo aqp ]wnIfnembn
hn`Pnv Ahsb hn-pIbpw sNpp. Ahkm\w
Ahsb D]tbmKnp- Xn-\p bpnbpw ]dncnp
p.
]rYzotemIw, AcotemIw, kz-temIw, ]q
]namZn ZnpI, Btb ss\crXymXn Ahmc Znp
I Ch temIns B[n`uXnI ]wn- I, An,
hmbp, kqcy, N{, \{X- Ch tPymXn-pI
fpsS B[n`uXnI ]wn, AXpt]mse Pew, Huj[nI,
h\kv]Xn, BImiw, ]m`uXn-Iqeicocw Ch
qeP-U]Zm- fpsS B[n-`uXn- I]w- n- bmIpp.
Cs\ Chsbmw IqSntXns\ B[n`uXnI]wn
AXmbXv `uXn-I]wn kaqlw Fp ]dbpp. CXp
t]mseXs app ]dnp BymnI icoc- ns
Dn hknp ]wnI; CXn {]mW, A]m\,
hym\, DZm\, kam\ Ch {]mWs ]wnbpw
t\{Xw, a\-v, hmWn, Xzv Ch Ic- WkapZmb--fpsS
]wnbpw Nw, amwkw, \mUn, An, a Ch ico
c- KX [mXp-fpsS ]wnbpw BIpp. C{]Imcw {][m
\- - fmb B[n`uXnIhpw BymnIhpamb ]Zm-
fpsS {Xnhn- [-]w-n-I Na-phnpXv ChnsS D]
eWcq]nemIpp. AXn\m _mn hkvXp
Chbn AK-X-sap [cn-psImWw. C{]Imcw
hn-nv {ipXn ]dbpp: Cu ]wn-Ifn-embn hn`
Pnp hnnp ]Zm- sfmw Xs ]wnIfpsS
Hcp kapZmbamIpp. Chbv p ]c-kv]cw L\n- jv Tamb
kw_apv. Cu clkyw a\- nemn AXmbXv B[n
`uXnI ]ZmtmSpIqSn BymnI ]Zmv
Fp _- amWpXv? F Imcyw \Xpt]mse a\- n
emn a\p-jy Bym- n- Ii-n- bnIqSn `uXnI
]Zm- fpsS hnImkw kwkn-ampIbpw `uXnI]
Zm- fnqSn BymnI insb hfpIbpw
sNpp.
Hmas B[n- `uXnI temIkw-_- n- bmb ]wn
tbmSp \memas {]mWkapZmb- amIp Bymn-I]w
np kw_-apv; FpsImsm Hcp temI
n \np asmcp temIntebvp _w ]pep
-Xn {]mW\mWp {]m[m\yap- Xv. Cu kwKXn kwln
Xm- {]- I- c- W- n BZyta ]d- n- cn- p- p. cm-
asXmb tPymXn hnjb- Iamb B[n-`uXnI ]wn-
tbmSv Amas IcW kapZmb cq]amIp Bym
nI ]wnp _-apv. Fsm B[n`uXnI-
fmb B tPymXnpI Cu BymnI tPymXnpIfpsS
klm- bn- I- fm- Ip- p. Cmcyw imkv {X- - fn ]e
epw ]dn- pv. CXpt]mseXs aqmas
qe ]Zm-fpsS B[n`uXnI ]wn Bdmas
icoc-K- X- [mXp- fpsS BymnI ]wn- bpambn _-
s- ncnpp. FpsImsm Huj[ncq]nIfpw h\
kv]Xn- cq]nIfpamb A- n\npw amwkamZnI
]pjv Sns- SpIbpw A`nhrns- SpIbpw sNpp FXp
{]Xyam-Wsm. C{]-Imcw qekqv a-X-Xz- sf
{]tXyIw {]tXyIw \Xpt]mse a\-nemn AhbpsS
D]tbmKw bYmtbmKyw \nhln-ppshn a\p
jyv Fm {]Imc- nepap D- Xnsb {]m]nphm
Ign- bpp.
AjvT- am- \p- hmIw
HmanXn {_. Hman-XoZw kw Hman-tXyXZ\p
Ir-Xnl kva hm At]ym {imh-tb-Xym{imhb-n.
Hm anXn kmam\n Kmb-n. Hmw timan- Xn. ikv{XmWn
iwk-n. HmanXy[zcypx {]Xn-Kcw {]Xn- Kr-WmXn.
HmanXn {_m {]kuXn. Hman-Xyn-tlm{X-a-\pPm-
\mXn. HmanXn {_mWx {]h-yml {_tm
]m]v\ hm\oXn. {_ss- thm]m]vt\mXn.
Cu A\phmIn ]c-ta-iz-cs "Hmw' F \ma-
tmSp a\pjyp {ibpw `nbpw DmpXn\p
thn HmwImc-ns aln-asb hn-pp. "Hmw'
FXv ]c- {_- ]- c- am- mhns \ma- am-b- Xp- sImp
kmm {_w XsbmIpp. FpsImsm `K
hms \mahpw `Khkzcq]w Xs- bmIpp. Cu ImW
s-Sp Fm temIfpw "Hmw' F B {_-ns
Xs qecq]amWv . "Hmw' FXv A\p{IXnbpsS A\p
tamZ\-ns kqN\-bmIpp. Ftm GsX-nepw
kwKXnsb A\ptamZnppthm Atm t{ijv T]pcpj
\mb ]c-ta- izcs \ma- kzcq]amb Cu HmwImcs D
cnv BwKytmsS AXns\ A\ptamZnpp. av A
c-lnX- -fmb ]Z Dcn- - s- Spn- . Cmcyw {]kn
amWv. injy Xs Kpcphnt\mSpw AXpt]mse t{imXmhv
GsXnepw ]Wv UnX- t\mSpw D]tZis A`yn- p
tm Kpcphpw hmhpw "Hmw' Fp ]dpsImp
Xs D]tZinphm Bcw- `npp. kmathZw ]mSp-
I K
N P
121
hcpw "Hmw' F {io]c- ta-iz- cs \maw \mbn Dcn- nv
kmathZnse Km\- ]mSpp. bI- fn
ikvX- iw-k\mIw \Sp imkvXm Fp t]cp
EXznp "Hmw timw' Fp ]dv imkv {X- - fpsS AXm
bXv XZznjbIa- {-- fpsS ]mT Dcphn-Spp. b-
I \S- n- p A[zcy Fpt]cp EXznpw
"Hmw' F ]c-taizcs \mas Dcn- n- pXs {]XnK
c-a{s Dcn-pp. {_mhv (\memw EXzn-v) "Hmw'
Fv ]c- {_ ]c- am \mas DcnpsImp b-
Iw \S- p-Xn\v A\phZn- pp. AXpt]mse "Hmw'
Fp ]d- psImpXs Antlm{Xw \SpXn\pw
A\phZn-p-p. Ayb\w \S-p--Xn-\p-Zyp-- cmb
{_mW {_-Nm- cn- Ifpw "Hmw' F ]c- ta-iz- cs
\mas BZyambpcn- psImv "F\np thZw \Xp
t]mse ]Tn- phm Ign- bs' Fp ]dbpp. AXmbXv
Hmw Imcw bmsXmcps \maw BIppthm B ]c- ta-
iz- c-t\mSv Hmmcs Dcn- psImv Cu {]m\ \S-
pp. "Rm thZs sshZnIm\s {]m]npw.
AXn\p _pn \In- bmepw, CXns ^ekzcq]ambn
Ah thZs \nt- l- ambpw {]m]npp. C{]Imcw
Cu a{n Hmmc- ns alnasb hnncnpp.
\h- am- \p- hmIw
EXw N kzm[ymb {]h- Nt\ N. kXyw N
kzm[ymb-{]hNt\ N. X] kzm[ymb-{]hNt\
N. Za kzm[ymb {]h-Nt\ N. Ab kzm[ym
b-{]hNt\ N. An-tlm{Xw N kzm[ymb {]h
Nt\ N AXn- Y- b kz m[ym- b- { ]- h- Nt\ N.
am\pjw N kzm[ymb {]h- Nt\ N. { ]Pm N
kzm[ym- b- {]- h- Nt\ N. {]P- \- - kzm- [ymb {]h-
Nt\ N. {]PmXn kzm[ymb-{]hNt\ N. kXy
anXn kXyhNm cmYo-Xcx. X] CXn Xt]m-\nXyx
]ucpin-jvSnx. kzm[ymb {]hNt\ GthXn \mtIm
auZvK-eyx. Xn X]kvXn X]x.
Cu A\phmIn Ayb- \hpw Aym]\hpw \S
p-hsc imkv{X--fn \ntin-n-cn-p am-
nqSn kzbw \o-Wsa Imcyw Hms-Spp
p. CtXImcyw D]tZiI\pw D]tZiw {ihnp- h\pw
a\-n- em--Ww. Ay-b-\hpw Aym-]-\hpw cpw
hfsc D]tbmK{]ZamWv. imkv{X--fpsS Ayb\w
sImpXs a\pjyp kzw I-hy-fptSbpw
AhbpsS hn[nIfptSbpw ^efptSbpw m\w Dm
Ipp. AXn\m CX\pjvTnpsImpXs AtXmSpIqSn
bYmtbmKy- amb kZm-Nm-c-]me\hpw kXy`mjWhpw
kz[ ]me\- n kw`- hn-mhp IjvSXIfpw
C{nbsf kzm[o\n-epw a\-ns\ \nb- {n-epw
Antlm{X-n\mbp Ansb Pzennepw AXn
lh\w \Sepw AXnYntkh\w sNepw FmhtcmSpw
a\ptjymNnXambn s]cpamdepw imkv{Xhn[n- {]Imc- ap
Kt`mev]mZ\w \S-epw EXpImen \nb-a-{]Imcw
kv{Xokw-t`mKw \S-epw AXpt]mse IpSpw-_s
hfp- Xn\p D]mb- \Sepw Cs\ Fm
t{ijv TI- fptSbpw A\pjv Tm\ \Snsmp
PohnWw Fv ChnsS kqNnnpp. Aym]It\bpw
D]tZiIt\bpw kw_n- nS- tmfw Cu Fm I-
hy- - fp- sSbpw kap- Nn- X- amb ]me\w {]tXy- Inpw
BhiyamWv; FpsImsm AhcpsS BZisf
hnZymXvYnIfpw t{imXmfpw A\pIcn-pp. cYoX-
cs ]p{X kXyhNv aljn ]dbpXv ""Cu Fm
I- fnepw kXyw Xs kt{ijvTamIpp; Fp
sImsm Hmtcm Ihpw kXy`mjWtmSbpw
kXy`mhtmSpw- IqSn sNs-m am{Xta bYmcq
]tmSpIqSn- b-Xmbnocppq'' FmWv. ]pcpin- jvS
]p{X- \mb Xt]m\n- Xyaljn ]dbpXv ""X]- cyXs
kt{ijv TamIpp. FpsImsm X]n \np
Xs kXy`mjWmZn kakvX [- fptSbpw ]me\w
\S-p-Xn\pw Ahbn Dd- p\np-Xn\pw D
in DmIpp' FmWv apZv KeIs ]p{X \mIap
\nbpsS A`n-{]mbw, "thZfpw [imkv {X- fpw ]Tn-
epw ]Tn-n-epw Xs kt{ijvT-amIpp. Fp
sImsm AXpXs X]mIpp. AXmbXv Ch
bn \npX- s- bmWp X]p apX-embn Fm [-
fptSbpw m\w DmIpXv'' FmIpp. Cu Fm
aljn- amcpw ]dbpXv bYmamWv. AhcpsS IY- \-
sf D- cn- psImv Hmtcm Inepw Cu aqs- -
n\pw {]m[m\yaps `mhw ImWn- -s-n-cn-pp.
bmsXmcp Iw sNs-Spphthm AXv ]T\-]mT-
fn \npw D]e_v[- amb imkv{Xm\- n\-\pIqeam
bn- cn--Ww. F{Xam{Xw hnLv \- Dmbn- sms,
kzw I- hy]me\- X]n kZm Dd-pXs \np
Ibpw Hmtcm {Inbbnepw kXy`mhhpw kXy`mjW]c- amb
hntij {ibpw Dmbncn- pIbpw thWw.
Zi- am- \p- hmIw
Alw hrky tccn-hm. Ionx ]rjvSw Kntc-
cn- h. Du[z- ]- hnt{Xm hmPn- \oh kzar- X- a- kv an.
{ZhnWw kkw. kpta[m Aar-tXmnXx CXn-
{X-ti-tmthZm-\phN\w.
{Xnip Fpt]cp aljn ]c-ammhns\ {]m]n
nv X\n-pmb A\p`hs hnhcn-pp. AXn-s\-
s ChnsS D- cnncnpp. {Xniphns hmn{]
Imcw kzw AxIc-Wn Nnn- p-XpXs ]c-
am {]m]vXn- p km[- \-bmIpp. CXp ]dbp- Xn- \p
Xs Cu A\phmIns Bcw`w D]tbmKn-pp.
{ipXnbpsS `mhmw CXmWv . ""Rm {]hml- cq]n
A\mZnImew apX \ne\npt]mcp Cu P\\ ac- Wam
Ip kwkmc hrns Dqe\miw hcpp- h\m
Ipp. CXv Fs Ahkm\s P-amIpp. CXn-\p
I K
N P
122
tijw F\np ]p\w Dm- Ipn. Fs Ion
]- X- in - J- cw- t]mse D- Xhpw hnim- e- hp- am- Wv .
AtmmZ\- inbm bp- amb kqcy\n Fs\
D-a-amb AarXw \nhknppthm A{]Imcw Rm\pw
hnip cmKtZmjmZnIfm kYm ap\pw Aa-c- kz-
cq]\pamIpp. CXp IqSmsX Rm {]Imibp-[-\-
ns `Wv UmKmchpw ]cam\- - cq]amIp AarXn
\na-\pw t{ijvT-amb [mc-Wmbp-_pn-bm k
\pw BIpp.'' CXv {Xnipa- ljnbpsS thZm\phN\-
-fmIpp. AXmbXv m\-{]m]vXn- ptijw hy- am
- s Bmhns DZvKmc- amIpp.
a\pjy GXp {]Imc- n- ep `mh\ sNppthm
AXp `mh\- b-\pkcnp kw`hn- pp. Ahs kev ]
n CXv A]qhpw B- cyP\-Ihpamb inbmIp
p. AXn\m bmsXmcp a\pjy Xns D]cyp
- amb `mh\- bpsS A`ymkw \Sppthm Ah \n-
b- ambpw A-s\- X- s-bmbn- ocpw. Fm Cu km[-
\-bn ]q-amb {i-bpsS Bhiyapv . `mh\--\p
k-c-W- amb KpWw hcmsX Almcw hp `hn--
bmsWn \miwXs kw`hnpp. Cu thZhN\- -
fpsS cl- kys icnpw a\nemn AXns\ Nnn-p
IbmsWn Almc-s-- nbp Bibvt Ah
Imian.
GIm- Z- im- \p- hmIw
thZ-a-\qNymNmtcymthmkn\ a\pim- kv Xn.
kXyw hZ. [w Nc. kzm[ymbmm {]a-Zx. BNm
cymb {]nbw [\-amlrXy {]PmXpw am hyh-t
ox. kXym {]a-Zn-Xhyw. [m {]a-Zn-Xhyw.
Ipi- em {]a- Zn- X- hyw. `pssXy \ {]a- Zn- X- hyw.
kzm[ymb-{]h-N\m`ymw \ {]a- Zn-X- hyw. tZh-]n-Xr-
Im-cym`ymw \ {]a-Zn-Xhyw.
Krl- Xs PohnXw Fs\ Bhn-jv-cn-
Ww; Cmcyw {Kln-n-p-Xn\p thn Cu A\p
hmIw Bcw-`n-pp. BNmcy injys\ thZns
Ay- b\w \- Xp- t]mse \S- np kam- h\
kwkvmc- kabw Krl- m{ian {]thin-nv Krl-
- [sf ]menp- Xn\p hnZy \Ipp ]p{X,
\o Ftmgpw kXyw kwkmcn--Ww, B]p kw`hn-
mtmepw Is Hcn-epw icWw {]m]n--cpXv.
Xs hm{ia- n- \- \pIqeambn imkv {X-kX- - fmb
[sf A\pjv Tn- pI. kzm[ymb- tmsS AXmbXv
thZm`ymktmSpIqSn kymh- \hpw Kmb-{XoP]hpw
`Khma KpWIo- \- fpw \Sn \nXyIfn
Hcnepw {]amZw hcpmXncnpI AXmbXv Hcnepw
Ahsb A\mZc-thmSpIqSn \S-mXn-cn-pI. Bekyw-
aqew \S- mcn-pIbpw sN-cpXv. Kpcphn\p Zn- Wmcq
]n Atlns cpNn\pkcWamb [\w sImp
hv t{]a]qw \evIpI. ]ns Atl-ns B-
tbmSpIqSn Krl- m{ian {]thinp kz[sf
]menpsImv km\ ]cc- Isf kwcnpI. CXn\p
tem]w hcp- cp-Xv . AXm- bXv imkv {X- hn- [n- {]- Imcw
hnhmlw Ign []Xv\ntbmSpIqSn EXpImen \nb-
a{]Imc-ap kl- hmkw A\pjv Tnp kmt\mmZ\-
Iw A\mkn- ]qw \S-pI. \o Hcn- epw kXy
n\npw hyXnNen- -cpXv; AXmbXv IfnX- amibnepw
hyamb Imcy- fnepw hmWnbpsS insb \jv Ss-
Sp- cpXv. ]cnlmksa \mSyn Hcnepw Ifhp ]d
b- cpXv. C{]Imcw Xs []me\- - fn sXp {]hn
-cpXv; AXmbXv Fsnepw \mSyntem AekX-
bmtem [s Ah- tl- fn - - cp- Xv . euIn- Ihpw
imkv {Xohpw Bbn I- hycq]n e`yamIp F{X
sb{X ip`I-fptm Ahsb Hcn-epw XyPn-p
Itbm Ahbn Dt] hnNmcnpItbm sNcpXv. adnv
bYmtbmKyw Ahsb A\pjvTnpsImpPohn- Ww. [\-
kp hn-n-ph euIn-tIm-Xn-IfpsS km[-\-
Isf kw_npw DZmko\ at\m`mhw kzoIcn-- cpXv .
CXn-\pthnbpw hm{iam\pIqe- fmb {]h- \-
A\pjvTn- Ww. apJy hnjbfmb ]Tnepw ]Tn
nepw Ahsb Hcnepw AhtlfnpItbm aSnsIm
pt]npItbm sNcpXv . C{]ImcwXs Antlm
{Xhpw bmZnIfpsS A\pjv Tm\- cq]- fmb tZhImcy
fpw {im X- WmZn ]nXr- Imcyfpw \Sp-Xn
Bekytam Ahtlf\m]c- amb {]amZtam kw`hn- cpXv .
amXrtZthm `h. ]nXrtZthm `h. BNmcytZthm
`h. AXn-Yn-tZthm `h. bm\y\- hZym\n IamWn
Xm\n tkhn-X- hym-\n. t\m CXcmWn. bm\ykvamIw
kpNcnXm\n Xm\n Xztbm]mky\m\n. t\m CXcm
Wn. tb tI Nmkv a- v td- bmwtkm {_m- tWmx.
tXjmw Xzbmkt\\ {]iz-kn- X- hyw. {itbm
tZbw. A{ibmtZbw. {inbm tZbw. lvdnbm-tZbw.
`nbm tZbw. kwhnZm tZbw.
]p{X, \o amXmhnt\bpw ]nXmhnt\bpw Kpcphnt\bpw
AXn-Yntbbpw tZhXpeyw IcpXWw. Cu \mept]tcbpw
Cuizcs {]Xn- aqnsbp IcpXn {i-tbmSpw `n-
tbmSpw ChcpsS Bsb ]menpw \akv - cnpw Pohn
pI. Chsc Ftmgpw Xs hn\b- ]q-amb \S- ]SnI
fm {]k-cmn-opI. temInep \ntmj
- fmb Fm I-tfbpw \o tkhn- - Ww. Ahbn
\npw hncp-ambn tZmjbp- fpw \njn--fpamb
Isf ad-nv kz]v\- ntmepw Ahsb BN
cn- - cpXv. \psS kzw- Kpcp P\-- fpsS BNmc-hyhlm
c-- fn D- a- fpw almm- fm A\ptamZn- - s- n
p-hbpamb BNc- Wsf kw_nv bmsXmcphn- [-
nepap iInSanm- hsb \n A\pIcn-
Ww. bmsXmns\ kw_nv Aev ]sanepw ibpm
Ippthm AXns\ Hcn-epw A\pIcn-phm ]mSn-.
bmsXmcp Bsc-nepw t{ijvT hbnepw hnZy
I K
N P
123
bnepw X]nepw BNc-W-fnepw D-X Bbn-p-
h XYm {_mWmZn ]qPy, hon BKX- \mIpIbm
sWn B Bfns\ ]mZyw ALyw Bk\w apXembh
\In Fm {]Imc-nepw _lpam\n-pIbpw bYm
tbmKyw tkh\w sNpIbpw thWw. Xs in--\p
kc- Wamb Zm\w sNp- Xn\pw \n DZmc- ]qIambn
X-c-cmbn- cn--Ww. Fsnepw \IpIbmsWn
AXv _lpam\-tmSpIqSn- bmbn-cn-Ww. {im]qa-
msX bmsXmpw \Iphm ]mSn. FpsImsm
A{i--tbmsS \Is-Sp Zm\mZn-I Ak
mbn ]cn- K- Wn- - s- Sp- p. hn\- b- tmsS Zm\w
sNWw; AXmbXv Fm kpIfpw `Khmt- XmIp
p. Rm\- Xns\ Ft- sXp IcpXpp Fn AXv AXy
[nIw A]cm[-amIpp. AXns\ Fm Pohn-IfptSbpw
lrZb-n nXn- sNp `Khms tkh\-n- \mbn
Nnehgnt- Xv Fs I- hyamIpp. Rms\- pam{Xw
sImSpmepw AXv Aev ]am{Xta BIppq. C{]Imcw
Nnnp hfsc Ffn- atbmSpIqSn \IWw. a\- n Zm\n
bmsW Al- mcw hcphm\- \phZn- cpXv . FmbnSpw
Fmnepw `Khm nXn-sNpp. AXn-\m Zm\w
kzoIcnp- XpXs Atl- ns Ir]sbmpam{Xw
Fp hnNmcnp `Khmt\mSp `bm\znX\mbn Zm\w \I
Ww. ""R Nnesmw D]Imcw sNpp'' Fp
`mhtmSp-IqSn, Al- m-tm-SpIqSn, Ahn- \- b- ambn
bmsXmcp Zm\hpw sNcpXv . Fm bmsXmv \mw Zm\-
cq]n \Ippthm AXp hnthItmSpw AXns
]cnWmas a\- nemnbpw \njv ma`htmSpIqSnb
I- hysap IcpXnbpw BbncnWw. C{]Imcw \evI
s- Sp Zm\w `Kh{]oXnmbn awKfns km[-\- bm
bnocphm CS- bmIpp. AXpXs Ab-^-es
{]Zm\w sNp- XmIpp.
AY bZn tX Ihn-Nn-Inm hm hr-hn-Nn-
Inm hm kymXv tb X{X {_mWmx kin-
\x. bpm Bbpmx. Aepm [Imamx kyp;
bYm tX X{X h-tc. XYm X{X htYmx.
AYm`ymJymtXjp. tb X{X {_Wmx kin-
\x. bpm Bbpmx Aepm [Imamx kypx,
bYm tX tXjph-tcx XYm tXjht-Ymx.
Gj BtZix. Gj D]tZix Gjm thtZ]\n-j
Xv . GX- Z\pimk- \w. Gh- ap- ]m- kn-Xhyw! Ghap
ssNX-Zp]m-kyw.
Chsbmw sNbvXpsImn- cpnpw \nv GsX-
nepw Hc- hkc- n kz Ihys \n- bnpXn\v
hnjaw t\cnSpItbm kzw _pnbn Hcp Xocpam\n
sep- Xn\p km[nmsX hcnItbm \n InwI-
hyhn-aqV\mbn-o-cpItbm BsWn A-s\- bp
Ah-bn \ NnmKXntbmSpIqSnb- h\pw DNn-X-
fmb \ D]tZi \Ip- h\pw kfnepw
kZmNmc- -fnepw X- c- XtbmSpIqSn hym]rX\mbncn- p
- h\pw FmhtcmSpw kv t\l-ab- amb s]cpam- tmSp
IqSnb- h\pw AXpt]mse GIam{Xamb []me\- n
B{Kl- aph\pamb hnZzm\pamb {_mW F{]Imcw
C- s\bp Imcy {]hnppthm AXpt]mse
Xs \nfpw BNcn--Ww. A-s\-bp Ahkc-
n Atl- ns D]tZia\pkcnpw Atl- ns
BZi- a- \p- k- cnpw Ahsb A\p- K- an- - Ww. CXp
IqSmsX Hcph GsXnepw tZmjm Ifs- pt]m
sb- n Aht\mSv Fs\ s]cpamdWw F hnjb-
nepw \nv Hcp hnjamh DmIpIbmsWn
\nv kzw _pn-bm Hcp Xocpam\n-sep
hm km[npnsn apIfn ]dncn- p hn[-
nep almmcmb BfpI Aht\mSp Fns\ s]cp
amdpthm As\- Xs \nfpw {]hn- Ww. Ah
cpsS \S]SnI Cmcyn {]amWamIpp.
imkv{Xns Bimkv{Xw ]ngns- Sp kv
CXpXs-bmIpp. Kpcp-mcpw amXm]n- Xmfpw X-
fpsS injy- mpw km- \- pw \Ip
D]tZi Fm thZ- fpsSbpw cl- kyamb CXpX- s-
bm- Ip- p. am{X- a- , \nb- ahpw CXp- X- s- bm- Ip- p.
Cuizcs Bbpw ]c-cmKX- amb D]tZi-fpsS
\mahpw Cu \nbaw Xs-bmIpp. AXn-\m \n
CXpt]msebp I- hyfpw kZmNmc- fpw ]menp
sIm- Ww.
ZzmZ- im- \p- hmIw
iw t\m an{Xx iw hcp-Wx. iw t\m `hXz-cyam.
iw \ Ct{m _rl-kv]Xnx. iw t\m hnjvWpcpcp
{I-ax. \tam {_- tW. \akvtX hmtbm. Xztah
{]Xyw {_mkn. Xzmtah {]Xyw {_mhm
Zn-jw. EXa-hm-Zn-jw. kXya-hmZnjw. Xmamho-Xv.
XZz-mc-amho-Xv. Bhomw. BhoZz-mcw.
Hmw imnx ! imnx !! imnx !!!
inmhn- bpsS Cu An- am\phmIn `n- `n- -
inIfpsS A[njvTmXmhmb ]c- ta- iz- c- t\mSp `n`n- -
\ma-nepw cq]nepw Atls kvXpXn-psImv
{]m\m]qw \n {]ISnnpp. B[nssZhn-Ihpw
Bymn-Ihpw B[n-`uXn-Ihpamb in-IfpsS cq]
nepw AXpt]mse AhbpsS A[njvTm\tZhXIfmb
an{X hcpW apXemb tZhXIfpsS cq]nepw bmsXm
cp AJn- en- tbpw Bmhpw A-cymanbpambn-
cn- p ]c-taizc-\mbncn- ppthm Atlw Fm{]Im
c- nepw \app IeymWab\mbn `hns \psS D-
Xn- bpsS am- n bmsXmcphn-[- nep hnLv\-
kw`hn- phm A\phZnmXncn- s. \nJnensbpw
A- cymanbmb {_s \akv - cn- pp.
C{]Imcw imnpthn ]c- ammhnt\mSp {]mn
np kq{Xmmhmbn {]mWcq]n Fm PohnIfnepw
I K
N P
124
hym]n- n-cn- p ]c-ta-iz-cs\ hmbphns \ma-n
kvXpXn-pp ""tl kin-am, Fmntbpw
{]mWcq]amb hmbpab ]c-ta- iz-c, Asb \akv- cn-
pp. ApXs Fm {]mWn-IfptSbpw {]mWkz-cq
]amb {]Xy {_- amIpp. AXn\m Rm A- sb-
s {]Xy- ssZhasap ]dp hnfnpp. Rm
EXw F \ma-nepw Asb hnfn- pp. FpsIm
sm Fm PohnIpambn bmsXmv IeymWIm
cn-bmb \nb- a-ambn-cn-ppthm B \nb- a-cq]amb EX
(Cuizc-\n- b-a)ns A[n-jvTmXmhpw Ap Xs-bm
Ipp. am{X-a-, Rm kXyw F t]cnepw Asb
kwt_m[\w sNpp; FpsImsm, "kXy' (b-
Ym`mjW)ns A[njv Tm\- tZhXbpw ApXs-
bmIpphsm. khym]nbpw A- cymanbpamb ]c- ta-
iz-c kZmNmchpw kXy`mjWhpw kZvhnZy {]m]np
-Xn-\p in F\nv {]Zm\w sNbvXv P\-\- a-c-Wam
Ip Cu kwkmc- N{In\npw Fs cnpIbpw
AXpt]mse Fs BNmcy\v Fm D]tZifpw \In
FmbnSpw B kXys {]Ncnnp- Xn\p in
{]Zm\w sNbvXv Atls cn- pIbpw sNbvXncnp
p. ChnsS "Fs cn-n- cn-pp, Fs BNmcys\
cn-n-cn-pp' Cu hmIy-fpsS Bh- \-ns
BibwinmhnbpsS kam]v Xnsb kqNnnpp.
Hmw imnx imnx imnx C{]Imcw aqp {]mhiyw
"imn' ]Zs Dcn- p-Xns `mhmw B[n- `u
XnIhpw B[nssZhnIhpw Bymn-Ihpambn aqp hn[-
n-ep hnLv\- v kYm D]ia\w DmIs
F- XmWv. `Khm imnkzcq]\mIpp. AXn\m At
l-ns kvac-Wbn \npw Fm {]Imc-nepap
imn kp\nnXamIpp.
{_m- \- - hn
imn- ]mTw
Hmw kl \mhh-Xp. kl \u `p\pw kl-
hocyw Ic-hmhssl. tXPkzn \mh[o-Xa-kvXp. am
hnZznjm hssl.
Hmw imnx ! imnx !! imnx !!!
tl ]c- am-, Ap Kpcp- in- jycmb Rsf
Ftmgpw Fm {]Imc-nepw cn-mepw! Rsf
Ftmgpw kap- Nn- X-amb cq]- n ]cn- ]m-en- m-epw.
Rv Fmhn[ in-Ifpw {]Zm\w sNbvXmepw.
R A`ykn hnZy tXPx-]q-ambn-cn--tW. Hcn-
epw BtcmSpw hnZybn Rp ]cmPbw kw`hn-
mXncn- tW. R PohnXImew ]cmPbw kw`hnm
Xn-cn--tW. R Pohn-X-Imew apgph ]c-kv]cw
kvt\lkq{Xm _- cmbncntW. R- fpsS Dn
Hcn- epw ]c-kv]c- hntZzjw DmImXn- cn- - tW. tl ]c-
am. aqp Xm]pw \nhrnbpm-Wta.
{]Y- am- \phmIw
{_-hn-Zm]vt\mXn ]cw. XtZjm`ypm.
{_ m\n-bmb almmhv ]c-{_s {]m]n-
pp; Cmcyw Adnbnp- Xn\pw apn hcp {ipXn
]db-s- Spp.
kXyw m\-a-\w {_. tbm thZ \nlnXw
Kplmbmw ]cta thyma. tkmiv\ptX khm
Imam kl {_mWm hn]n-tX-Xn.
Cu a{n ]c- {_ ]c- ammhns kzcq] t_m[-
Iamb eWsf ]dnv Atlns {]m]vXnm
\s hnv Atl- ns {]m]vXnsImp ^ehpw
hnhcnpp. ]c{_ ]c- ammhpw kXykzcq]\msWv
Bibw. "kXy' i_vZw ChnsS \nXyX-bpsS t_m[s
Dfhmpp. AXmbXv B ]c- {_w \nXy kv BIp
p. bmsXmcp Imenepw AXn\v A`mhw DmIpn.
AXpt]mse Atlw m\-kz- cq]\pw BIpp. At
l- n Am\w ehteiw t]mepw C. Atlw A\-
amIpp. AXmbXv tZin\pw Imen\pw AXoX- \m
Ipp ko amc-ln-X-\mIpp. B {_w AXn-hn-ip-
amb BImin hkn-psIm-n-cpnpw Fmhcp
tSbpw lrZb- Kpl-Ifn Hfn-n-cn-pIbpw sNpp.
B ]c- {_ ]c- ammhns\ bmsXmcp km[- I XXztm
SpIqSn a\-nemppthm Ah Fmtbpw \mb-
dnbp- h\mb B {_-tmSpIqSn hknpsImv Fm
{]Imc- n-epap t`mKsf AeuIn-Iamb-coXn-bn
A\p-`-hn-pIbpw sNp- p. Cu {_m- Wv Un
bmsXmv PUtN-X-\mcq]amb PKmbn- cn-ppthm
AXv Cuizc- \m ]cn]q- ambncnpp. B Cuizcs\
Xns hkn- n-psImv AXm-bXv \nc- cw
Nnnp sImpXs hkn-n-psImv AXmbXv \nc-
cw Nnn- psImpXs XymK]qw Ahiyhn- jb-
sf tkh\w sNWw. bmsXmcp]tZiw km[- I\p
thn \Isn- cn-ppthm Amcyw Xs ChnsS
kn- mcmb almm-fpsS nXn- sb-n ]dbp- Xn\v
{]tbm-Kn-n-cn-pp. "Ah {_-tmSpIqSn Fm
t`mKfpw A\p`hnpp' ]c- ammhns\ {]m]n kn-
cmb ]pcpjm C{nb hgnbmbn _mlyhnjb- sf
A\p`hnpsImv kzbw ]c- ammhnXs nXn- sN
pp. Ahs a\- v , _pn, C{n- b- -fpsS {]h- \-
Ch apJmn- c-apmIp Fm tNjvS- Ifpw ]c-am
m-hn nXn-sNbvXp-sImpXs kw`hn-pp.
BfpIfpsS ImgvNbn Bhiya-\pkcnv bYmtbmKyw
hnjbsf C{n- b-Zzmcm A\p`hn-p ka- bpw
Ah ]c-ammhn\npw Hcp Wt\-c-t-bvp
t]mepw thhnp\npn. AXn\m kZm Fm I
- fn\npw \nte]ambn hknpp. Cu `mhw ImWn
p- Xn-\pthn "hn]nXm {_mWm kl km
Imam Aiv\ptX' Fp ]db- s-Spp. C{]Imcw Cu
I K
N P
125
{ipXn ]c-{_ns kzcq]hpw AXpt]mse AXns
m\-ns alnabpw Adn- bn- p- XmIpp.
kw_w B ]c- {_-]c- ammhv F{]Imcw Fs\-
bp Kpl- bn Hfnn- cnpp; Atls Fs\
Xncn-dn- bWw Cu B{Kl- \n-hr-n-pthn ASp
{]IcWw Bcw- `npp.
XkvamZzm GXkvamZm-\ BImix kw`qXx.
BImimZzmbpx. hmtbmc-nx. Atcm]x. AZv`yx
]rYn- hn. ]rYnhym Hmj- [- bx. Hmj- [ot`ymw.
AmXv]pcpjx. k hm Gj ]pcptjmc ka-
bx. XtkymZta-h-in-cx. Abw-ZnWx ]x. Ab-
ap- -cx]x. Ab- amm. CZw ]pw {]Xn-jv Tm.
XZt]yj tmtIm `hXn.
Cu a{n a\pjylrZb- amIp Kplsb hn
pXn\p DtitmSpIqSn BZyw a\pjyicoc- ns
D-n{Ias kwt]ambn ]dnv AXns Ah
b- hsf ]nIfpsS AwK- fmbn hn`mh\w sNpp.
AJnentbpw Bmhv A- cymanbmb ]c- ammhn
\npw BZyambn BImiX-Xz-n D-hnp Fp
kmcw. BIm- i- n \npw hmbp- X- Xzhpw hmbp-
hn\npw An- X- Xzhpw Anbn \npw PeXXzhpw
Pen\npw ]rYznbpw D-hn-p. ]rYzn-bn\npw
\m\m{]Imc-n- ep Hmj[nIfpw [m\ysSn- Ifpw Ah
bn \npw a\pjyp Blmchpw D-hn-p. B
A-n\npw Cu qea-\pjyicoc ]pcpj\pw
Dmbn. A- c-kn \npw Dmb a\pjyicoc-[m
cn- bmb ]pcpjs\ ]nbpsS cq]tmSp]an- n- cn- pp.
CXns inc- ns\ ]nbpsS inc- tmSpw CSp`pPs
CS-p]-tmSpw D]an-p-p. heXp`pPw heXp]
hpw icoc-ns a[y`mKw ]nbpsS icoc- ns
a[y`mKhpw BIpp. cp]mZfpw ]n-bpsS Imep
amIpp. A-ns aln-asb hn-psImpXm
Ipp ASp a{w.
ZznXo- bm- \p- hmIw
AmssZz { ]Pmx { ]Pm- b- t. bmx Im
]rYnhow {ioXmx. AtYm At-ss\h Pohn.
AssY\- Z- ]n - b- y- - Xx. Aw ln `qXm\mw
tPyjvTw. Xkvam-huj[-apNytX. kw ssh
tXam]v\phntbw {_tm]mktX. Aw
ln `qXm\mw tPyjvTw. Xkvam-huj[-apNytX.
AmZv`qXm\n Pmb-t. PmXm\yt\ h[-t.
AZytXn N `qXm\n. XkvamZm\w XZpNyX CXn.
Cu a{n A- ns alna hn- s- ncnp
p. Cu ]rYzn- bn F{Xtbm Pohn- I hknpp. Ah
sbmw A-n \npw D- hn-n- cn- p-p. A-
ns ]cn-Wma-cq-]amb cP-n\npw hocyn
\npw AhbpsS icocw Dmbncnpp. AXn\p tijw
AwsImpXs AhbpsS ]me\hpw t]mjWhpw \S
pp. AXn-\m Aw- sImpXs Ah Pohnpp.
]noSv Ahkm\w Cu A-ns As
D- hnnp `qanbnXs hneo\- ambnocpp. Fm
Pohn-IfptSbpw P\-\hpw Pohn-Xhpw ac-Whpw qei
coc- ns kw_- n \npw D-hn-pp. Aw-
sImp Pohnpp. AXpt]mse A- ns D- hm
\- amb `qanbn hnebpw {]m]n- pIbpw sNpp. CXm
Wn-Xns Xm-cyw. B icoc- n hkn-p Pohm
mhv A-n ebn-ptNcpn; Ahsb-mamIs
arXypImen {]mWt\mSpIqSn Cu icoc- n \npw
]pd- sp ap icoc- ntep amdntmIpp. C{]Imcw Cu
Aw Fm PohnIfptSbpw D-hns Imc- WamIp
p. CXn Fmw ASnbn-cn-pp. BIbm CXp
Xs Fmnepw t{ijv Tw. AXn\m CXp kuj[
cq]sap ]db-s-Spp; FpsIms-m CXn
PohnIfpsS p[m- P- \y- amb km]w \in- p- p.
bmsXmcp km[-I Cu As {_- cq]n D]m
knppthm Ah kakvX Atbpw {]m]npp.
Ah\v CjvSwt]mse Aw e`yamIpp. AXns A`mhw
Hcn-epw DmIpn-. Cu Aw Xs Fm `qX--
fnepw kt{ijvTamIpp. AXn\m CXv kuj[-a
b-sap ]db- s- SpXp kYm kXyw Xs- bmIpp.
Fm PohnIfpw An\npw DhnpIbpw Aw
sImp hfcpIbpw AhbpsS Ahb-h]pjvSn Aw-
sImp kw`hn-pIbpw sNpp. Fm Pohn-Ifpw
CXns\ `n-pIbpw AXpt]mse Fm PohnItfbpw
CXp `n- pIbpw sNbvXv XntebvpXs hen- sSp
pIbpw sNpp. AXn-\m ""AZytX, An N CXn
Aw'' F hypev ]- n- b- \p- k- cnv CXns \maw
Asambncn- pp.
Xkv amZzm GX- kv am- Z- - c- k- a- bm- Zt\ymc
Bm {]mWa-bx. tXss\j ]qx. k hm Gj
]pcp-jhn[ Gh. Xky ]pcp-jhn-[-Xma-\zbw ]pcp-
jhn-[x. Xky {]mW Gh incx. hymt\m Zn-Wx
]x. A]m\ Dcx ]x. BImi Bm.
]rYnho ]pw {]Xn-jvTm. XZt]yj tmtIm `h
Xn.
ZznXobm\phmInse Cu cmw Awin {]mW
a-b-amb icocs hn-n- cn-p-p. ]qtm-amb
A- c- kn \npw D- hnnp qe icoc- n
\npw `n- ambn AXns Dn nXnsNp asmcp
icoc- apv. AXns t] "{]mWabw' FmIpp. {]mW
a-b-t-m A-a-b- icocw ]q-amIpp. A-a-b-
amb qe icoc- s- m kqvaamb- XpImcWw {]mW
ab icocw CXns AwK{]Xyw-K-fn hym]n-n-cn-p
p. Cu {]mWa- b- icochpw ]pcpjmImc-tmSpIqSn- b- X-
t{X. A- ab icoc- ns ]pcpjmImcXzw {]kn- amWv .
AXn A\pKX-amb- Xn-\ms Cu {]mWa- b-ico
I K
N P
126
chpw ]pcpjmImc-sap ]db- s-Spp. AXns\ ]n-
bpsS cq]n hn`mh\w sNp-Xn-{]Imc-amIpp
{]mWXs AXns incv ; FpsImsm ico
c-ns Ahb-hb--fn akv XIw F{]Imcw t{ijvT-
ambn-cn-ppthm AXpt]mseXs ]-{]mW- fn
apJy{]mW Xs kt{ijvTambncn- pp. hym\
heXpNn-dIpw A]m\ CS-XpNn- dIpw BIpp. BIm
is AXmbXv A-con hym]n-pIn- S-p
hmbphn- s\- tmse kicoc-hym]n-bmb "kam\-hmbp'
BmhmIpp; FpsImsm AXpXs icocw
apgph kam\ cq]n ckw Fnv Fm {]mWab
icoc- - tfbpw ]pjv Sns- Sppp. CXns m\w ico
c-ns a[y`mKamWv. AXpt]mse CXn\v _mlymImi
hpambn kw_apv.
Cu {]mWs aln-amhn-jIambn ]db- s-Sp a{
amWv C\nbp-Xv.
XrXo- bm- \phmIw
{]mWw tZhm A\p {]mWn. a\pjymx ]i
h tb. {]mtWm ln `qXm- \m- am- bpx. Xkv am-
hmbp-j-apNy-tX. ktah X Bbpbn
tb {]mWw {_tm]mktX. {]mtWm ln `qXm\m
ambpx. Xkvam-hmbpjap-NyX CXn. Xsskyj
Gh imcoc Bm bx ]q-ky.
aqma\phmInse Cu BZymwin {]mWs
aln- asb hn- p {ipXnsb Dt- J\w sNbv X-
Xn\ptijw Cu {]mWab- icoc- nse Acymanbmb ]c-
ta- iz- cs\ eyamnbncnpp. F{X- am{Xw tZhX- Ifpw
a\pjycpw arK- fpambn icoc- [mcnIfmb PohnIfptm
Ahsbmw {]mWs klmbw-sImp am{Xw Pohn- p
p. {]mWs\qSmsX bmsXmn-tbpw icocw \ne
\npn- . FpsImsm, {]mWXs Fm
PohnIfptSbpw Bbpv Poh BIpp. AXn\m
Cu {]mWs\ "khmbpjw' Fp hnfnpp. bmsXmcp
km[- I "CXp PohnIfpsS BbpmIpp, AXn\m CXv
FmhcptSbpw Poh As-n Bbpv Fp ]d-b
s- Spp' Fp hnizknv Cu {]mWs\ _mlycq]n
D]mk\ sNppthm Ah ]q-amb Bbpns\
{]m]npp. bmsXmcp kmmhmb ]c- taizc A-
ns ckm Dm- s qeicoc[mcnbmb ]pcp
js Acmmhmbncnppthm Atlw Xs {]mW
a-b-\mb ]pcpjs icocmhnbpw A-cyman- bp
amb Bmhmbncnpp.
Xkv amZzm GX- kv am- Xv {]m- W- a- bm- Zt\ymc
Bm at\m-a-bx. tXss\j ]qx. k hm Gj
]pcp-jhn[ Gh. Xky ]pcp-jhn-[-Xma-\zbw ]pcp-
jhn-[x. Xky bPptch incx. EKvZnWx ]x.
kmtamcx ]x. BtZi Bm. AYhmMvKn-
ckx ]pw {]Xn-jvTm. XZt]yj tmtIm `hXn.
ChnsS at\mab- ]pcpjs\ hn-n-cnpp. BZyw
]d {]mWab ]pcpj\n\npw `nhpw AXn-s\-
m kqvahpw Bb- XpImcWw AXns Dn hkn
pXp asmcp ]pcpj\mIpp. AXns \maamIpp
""at\ma-b''. B at\ma-b-\m Cu {]mWab icocw
]q- amIpp. AXmbXv AXv Cu {]mWab icoc- n
k{X hym]n-n-cn-pp. B at\mab icochpw ]pcp
js BImc- tmSpIqSnb- XmIpp. {]mWab- ]pcpj\n
A\pKX\mb- Xn-\ms Cu at\mab icocw ]pcpj
kam\- amb BImc- tmSpIqSn- b- XmIpp. AXns\ ]n
bpsS cq]n C{]Imcw hn`mh\w sNpp B at\m
ab ]pcpjs incv bPpthZamIpp. EtKzZw heXp
NndIpw kma- thZw CSXp NndIpamIpp. BtZiw (hn-[n-
hmIyw) icoc- ns a[y`mKhpw AXpt]mse AYm
hv, AwKncv Fo aljn- amcm Zin- -s AY
thZa- {w- Xs hmepw B[mchpw BIpp.
bmZnI- fn bPpthZnse a{p
{]m[m\yapv. CXp IqSmsX bmsXmnse A- c- v
bmsXmcp n]vX-kw- Jybpw CmXn-cn-ppthm bmsXm
ns ]mZ]qnp bmsXmcp \nnX\nb- a- fpanm
Xncnppthm As\- bp a{sf "bPpthZ' O-
n AKXambn- -cpXpp. Cu \nbaw A\pkcnv
GsX- n-epsamcp sshZn-I-hmIytam AYhm a{tam
""kzmlm'' ]Zw Ayn tNv Anbn BlpXn
kan-m B hmIyttbm a{ttbm bPpv
Fp ]dbpw. C{]Imcw bPpa{-ZzmcmXs Anv
lhnv An- s-Sp- Xn- \m AhnsS bPpv {][m\-
amIpp. AwK-fn incpw {]m[m\yaln- p-Xp
t]mse bPpthZs incpw Fp ]dbpXpNnX- am
bn-cn-pp. thZa-{--fpsS hw, ]Zw, hmIyw apX-
emb- hbpsS Dmc-Wn\v BZyw a\-ns k
ev ]apWcpp. AXn-\m kev]m- IhrnZzmcm at\m
ab ]pcpjt\mSpIqSnb thZa-{p L\n-jvTamb
kw_apv. Chbv v at\mab ]pcpjs Ahb- h-
fnXs m\w \I-s- n- cn-p-p. icoc- n
bmsXmcp m\w \I- s- n-cn- p- p. ico- c-n
bmsXmcp m\w cp `pPpmbncn- ppthm
B kvYm\w XsbmWp at\mab ]pcpjs AwKfn
EtKzZn\pw kmathZn\pap- Xv. b- bmKmZnIfn
ChbpsS a{Zzmcm kv Xh\hpw Io- \hpw \Spp.
AXn-\m bPpthZa- {-sf At]nv Ch A{][m
\-- fmIpp. Fn- cpmepw `pP- -sftmse b--
fn {][m\ klmbIfpw BIpp. AXn\m Chbvv
`pP--fpsS cq]w \Isn-cn-pp. BtZi (hn-[n)
hmIyw thZfpsS DnemIpp. AXn\m AhXpXs
at\mab ]pcpjs AwK- fpsS a[y`mKambn ]db- s-
I K
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127
Spp. AYhthZn imnIw ]ujv SnIw BZnbmb
I-fpsS km[- Ia- {-amIpp {]Xn- jvTbpsS Imc- W
ambn-cn-p-Xv. AXn- \m AXns\ ]psapw {]Xn- jv T
sbpw ]dbpXv kYm bpnkw- KXambncnpp.
kev]mI hrnZzmcm at\mab ]pcpjs \nXykw-
_w Chsb-mn-t\mSpw- IqSnbpv. AXn-\m thZa-
{- AXns AwKambn ]db- s-Spp. Cu Imcyw
Ftmgpw kvac-Wbnepmbn- cn-Ww.
NXpYm- \phmIw
btXm hmtNm \nh-t. A{]m]y a\km
kl. B\w {_tWm hnZzm. \ _nt`Xn IZm-
Nt\- Xn. Xsskyj Gh imcoc Bm bx ]q-
ky.
Cu a{n {_m\- s {Klnnp hnZzmam
cpsS aln-a-tbmSpIqSn AhcpsS at\ma-b-icoc-ns
amlmytbpw {]ISn-n-pp. ]c-{_ ]c-amm
hns bmsXmv kzcq]`qXambncnp ]c- am\- ambncn
ppthm AhnSwhsc a\- pw, hmWn BZnbmbp C{n
b--fpsS kapZmb cq]amIp at\mab icoc- n\v
Fntcphm Ignbpn-. Fm {_s {]m]n-
p- Xn\v km[- \b- \pjvTnp a\pjy\v CXv {_-tm
S- Spp- Xn\p {]tXyIw klmb- IamIpp. Cu a\- pw,
hmWn apX- embh km[-\m]cmbW]pcpjs\ B ]c- {_
- ns hmXnhsc Fn-pIbpw AXn- s\-AhnsS
hnnv kzbw aS-n-hcn-Ibpw B km[- I Atls
{]m]n- pIbpw sNp-p. {_-ns B\-- a-b-kz-cq
]s Adnn- p m\nI Hcnepw `b`oXcmIp
n.
at\mab icoc- nse Acyman-bmb Bmhpw
]qtm- amb A- c- kab- icoc- ntebpw {]mWa- b- i
coc-n-sebpw A-cyman-bmb Bmhpw B ]c-amm
hpXs- bmIpp.
Xkv amZz m GX- kv am- - t\m- a- bm- Zt\ymc
Bm- hn- m-\- a-b- kvtX- ss\j ]qx k hm
Gj ]pcpj hn[ Gh. Xky ]pcp-jhn-[-b-Xma-
\zbw ]pcp-j- hn-[x. Xky {issh incx. EXw
ZnWx ]x. kXyap-cx ]x. tbmK Bm.
alx ]pw {]Xn-jvTm. XZt]yj tmtIm `hXn.
ChnsS hnm\-a-b- ]pcpjs AXmbXv hnm\
amb icoc- ns A[njvTmXmhmb Pohmmhns h-
\mIpp. BZyw ]dn- p at\mab icoc- s- mfpw
CXp kqv a-ambn-cn-pXp ImcWw CXns Dn
hknp Bmhv A\yamIpp. hnm\-amb ]pcp
j AXmIpp. Cu at\mab icocw ]q-ambn- cn-p
p. AXmbXv Cu at\mab icoc- n AXp hym]v X- am
bn-cn-pp. AXmbXv Cu at\mab icoc- n AXp
hym]vX-ambn-cn-pIbpw at\mabw Xt-m app
{]mWabhpw A- a-b-hpamb icoc--fn hym]Iambn-
cnpIbpw sNpp. AXn\m Cu hnPvRm\amb Pohm
mhv icocw apgph hym]n- n- cnpp. Pohm-kzcq]
\mb t{X icoccq]amIp t{Xn k{X
nXn- sNpp. Cu hn\amb-amb Bmhpw \n-
b-ambn-s ]pcpjmImc-tm-SpIqSn-b- XmIp-p. B
at\mab ]pcpj\n hym]nncnp- Xn\ms AXv
]pcp-jmIm-c-ambn ]db-s-Spp. B hnm\-a-b-s
]n-bpsS cq]n C{]Imcw hn`mh\w sNpp.
_pn-bpsS \nn- X- hn- izm- k- cq- ]amb hrnsb B
hnm\mmhns icoc- ns {][m\ AwKcq]amb
inc-mbn Iev]npp. FpsImsm Cu ZrVhn
izmkw- Xs Hmtcm hnjbnepw D-XnbpsS Imc- Wam
Ipp. ]c-am-{]m]vXn-bn-emIs GhpamZyw CXns
BhiyapmIpp. kZmNmc-\n-bw CXns heXp
NndIpw kXy`mjW\nbw CXns CSXp]hpw BIp
p. kXy`mjW\n-bw CXns CS-Xp]hpw BIp
p. [ym\- Zzmcm ]c- ammhpambn kwbp- amIpI Xs
hnm\ab icoc- ns a[y`mKhpw. ""alv'' F \ma
n {]kn--amb ]c-ammhv hmepw B[mchpw BIp
p. FpsImsm ]c- ammhpXs Pohmmhns
]c- aamb B{i-b-amIpp.
C\nbp a{--fn Cu hnm\mmhns aln-
asb hn- n- cn- pp.
]- am- \p- hmIw
hn m\w bw X\p - tX. ImWn
X\ptX]nN. hnm\w tZhmx kth. {_
tPyjv T- ap- ]m- k- tX. hnm\w {_ tNtZz- Z.
Xkvam-t {]am-ZyXn. icotc ]m]vat\m lnXzm.
km Imam ka-iv\pX CXn. Xsskyj Gh
icoc Bm bx ]q-ky.
Cu a{n hnm\- mhns alnamh- \hpw
{_-cq]tmSpIqSnb AXns D]mk\- bpsS ^ehpw
]dbpp. hnm\-cq]amb AXmbXv _pn-tbmSpIqSn
X{Zp]amb PohmmhpXs b- ns ip`Icq]
amb ]pWysf hnkv XrXampXpw At\ym\yeuInI
Isf A`nhrns- SppXpw BIpp. AXmbXv
Pohmmhn \npXs Fm Ipw t{]c- W
e`npp. Fm C{nb- fpw at\mcq]amIp tZhXbpw
kt{ijv Tamb {_- cq]n Cu hnm\ ab Pohm
mhns\-s tkh sNpIbpw AXmXpIfpsS {]hr
nI hgnbmbn CXn\p kpJw FnpsImSppIbpw
sNpp. GsX-nepw km[- I Cu hnm\- cq]amb
Bmhns\- s {_-sap [cnpIbpw Cu [mc- W
bn \npw sXn amdmXncnpIbpw AXmbXv B [mc-
Wbn sXpmImXncnpIbpw AYhm icocmZnIfn
I K
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128
nX-ambncnp GItZiobhpw AXpt]mse _- kz
cq-]-hp-amb {_s sXn--cn- msX-bn-cn- pIbpw
sNpp Fn Ah\v At\-IP---fn-embn kmZn-
n-cn- p ]m]kb- cq]amb icocs Dt]n-nv
Fm Znhyt`mK- tfbpw A\p`hnphm Ignbpp. B
hnm- \- a- b- cq- ]- n A- cym- an- b- bm- bn- cn- p
Bmhv BZyw ]dn-p A-c-ka-b-qeicoc-
nepw {]mWa-b- cq]icoc-nepw at\mab cq] icoc-
nepw nXn-sNp B ]c-{_ ]c- ta-izc Xs-
bm- Ipp.
Xkv amZzm GX- kvam- Zzn- m\- a- bm- Zt\ymc
Bm\-a-bx. tXss\j ]qx. khm Gj
]pcp-jhn[ Gh. Xky ]pcp-jhn-[-Xma-\zbw ]pcp-
jhn-[x. Xky {]nb-tah incx. tamtZm ZnWx
]x. {]tamZ D-cx]x. B\ Bm. {_
]pw {]Xn-jvTm. XZt]yj tmtIm `hXn.
ChnsS B\--ab- \mb ]c- a- ]pcpjs\ hnn- cnp
p. BZymwin ]dncnp hnm\ab- Pohmm
hn \npw `n- ambn AXns Dn hkn-p
thsdmcp Bmhpv; B\- -ab- ]c-ammhv AXmIpp.
AXnt\mSpIqSn Cu hnm\ ab- ]pcpj hym]nncnp
p. AXmbXv AXv CXns ]cn]qambncnpp.
hmkvXhn Atlw-Xs kakvX ]pcpjmcnepw
Da\mb- XpImcWw "]pcpj' F hmns\ A\z
amnbncnpp. Atlw hnm\]pcpj\pXpeyw BIm
c-tmSpIqSnb-h\pw BIpp. B hnm\ ab ]pcpj
\n hym]v X- ambXp ImcWw Atlw ]pcpjmImc- \mbn
]db- s-Spp. ]n- bpsS cq]In B B\- - ab ]c-
ta- izcs AwK- sf C{]Imcw hn- ncnpp. {]nb-
`mhw Atl-ns inc- mIpp. B\- -ab-\mb ]c- am
mhv Fmhpw {]nb- \mIpp. Fm Pohn- Ifpw B\-
s t{]anpp; Fmhcpw B\w B{K- ln- pp.
Fm Adn- pIqSmXp ImcWw {]m]nphm Ign
bpn. Cu "{]nb- `mhw' B\- -ab-\mb ]c-ammhns
Hcp {][m\mw-iamIpp. AXn-\m CXpXs Atl-
ns {][m\mwKamb inc-mIpp. tamZw hetXpw
{]tamZw CStXpw Nnd- IpIfmIpp. B\- wXs ]c-
ammhns a[ymwKhpw AXpt]mse {_wXs CXns
hmepw B[mchpw BIpp. ]c-ammhp Ahb- hc-ln- X-
\mbXp ImcWw Atl-ns cq]tbpw AwK-
tfbpw bYmcq]n hnhcnphm km[np-X-
. Cu {]Ic-Wn hnm\a- b-n- \w Pohmm
shpw B\- - a-b-n- \w ]c- ammshpw AwKoI
cn-Ww.
ASp A\phmInse a{- Cu B\-a- b- ]
c-ammhns hnjbs hn- p- hbmIpp.
jjvTm- \p- hmIw
Akth k `h- Xn. AkZv {_tXn thZ
tNXv. AkvXn {_tXn tNtZz-Z. kta\w XtXm
hnZp-cn-Xn.
Cu a{ - n { _- n s ksb am\n -
pXpsImpw am\n- mXn-cn- p- XpsImpw Df- hm
Ip ^ew hnhcn-pp. GsX-nepw a\pjy {_w
AkmIpp, AXmbXv {_lvatam Cuiz-ct\m C
Fp \n- bnpIbmsWn Ah kmc- lnX\mbn
`hn-pp; AXmbXv tkzmNmcn-bmbn kZmNmc-n
\np {`jvS\pw \oN{]Ir- Xn- tbmSpIqSn- b- h\pambn- ocp
p. GsX- nepw a\p- jy {_- ns bYm
XXzs {KlnmsX {_-apsp kwib- c- lnXambn
hnizknpIbpw AXmbXv imkv {X- fnepw almm\n
Ifnepw ZrVhn-izmkapXp ImcWw Ahs lrZb-
n Cuiz-cs k-bn-t ]q-hn-izmkw Dm
IpIbpw sNpp. Fn A-s\-bp a\pjys\
m\nbmbpw kXv]pcpj\mbpw AwKoIcnpp. Fp
sIm-sm ]c- ammhn- s\- pdn-p XXz-m- \-
ns BZy]Sn Atl- ns k- bnep hnizmkw
Xs- bmIpp. ]c- ammhns k- bn hnizknpsIm
n-cnpsan GsXnepw Hcp kabw GsXnepw alm
]pcpjs Ir]bm km[- \-bn apgpIn a\pjy\v At
ls {]m]nphm Ignbpp.
Xsskyj Gh imcoc Bmx b ]qh-ky.
ChnsS aph-a-\pkcnv B\-- a-bs A-cm
mhv kzbw B\- -ab- s\p ]db- s- Spp. Atlw B
B\- - ab {_-ns kzbwicoc-hn- bmb Acm
mhmIpp. FpsImsm Atl- n ico-c-
n\pw ssNX- \yn\pw bmsXmcp hyXym-k- hp-an
bmsXmv t\ct ]dncp A- c- kabmZn Fmn
tbpw A- cym- an- bmb ]c- am- m- hm- bn- cn- p- pth
Atlw kzbw Xt-Xs A- cyman-bmIpp; Atl-
ns A- cyman am- cp- am- Ip- n- . CXn- \m ap
bmsXmpw ]dbmsX B h\m]ccsb ChnsSs
Ahkm\n- npp.
kw_w apI- fn ]d- n-cn- p Awi- n
{_s "AkXv' Fpw "kXv' Fpw am\np- XpsIm
p ^ew ]dpIgn-n-cn-pp, AXns\ {ihn
Hmtcm a\pjytbpw a\-n bmsXmcp {]iv\w DZn-
ppthm B {]iv \s \n- bnnv B {_-ns
k-bpsS {]Xn]mZ\w \S- p- Xn\pthn {ipXn kzb-
ambn- s {]iv\w AhXcnnpp.
AYmtXm\p {]iv\mx. DXmhn-Zzm\apw temIw
t{]XyI-\ KXo. Btlm hnZzm\apw temIw
t{]Xy- I- n- - a-iv \p-Xm-D.
I K
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129
C\n ChnsS \npw D]tNmZy Bcw-`n-pp.
AXn BZy {]iv\w Fsm {_w Dsn
AXns\ Adn-bm Bsc-nepw acnp ]c-temIn
t]mIpptm Ctbm? cmas {]iv \w {_s
Adnbp GsX-nepw m\n ac-Wm\- cw ]c-temIw
{]m]npptm Ctbm? B hnZzmmcpw {]m]npn
. AXn\m Cu aqmas {]iv \w hnZzmm (m\n
I) {_s A\p`hnpptm Ctbm? ChbpsS
adp]Snbmbn {_s krjv SnbpsS Imc- Wambn ]d-p
sImv AXns k-sb, BkvXnIys, hy-amp
p. ]ns "XXvkXyw CXymNtX...' Cu hmIyZmcm
{ipXn kv ]jv Skzcq]n Atl- ns ksb {]Xn
]mZn-pp. Ggmw A\phmIyn HpIqSn kv]jvS-
amb hN\- e`n-pp "tIm tlyhm\yX? Ix
{]mWymXv? btZj BImi B\t\m \ kymXv.' AXmbXv
CXv BImiab\mb ]c- ammhmbncnpnsn Bcp
Pohnpp? Bp {]hn- phm Ignbpp? AXm
bXv PohnIfpsS {]mW\pw Ne\hpw ]cammhns\ B{i
bnn- cn-pp. cmas {]iv\- n-\p- c-ambn Ggmw
A\phmIyn Cmcyw hymn-bn-cn- pp, a\p
jy ]c-ammhns\ ]q-ambn AdnbmXn- cn- ppthm
Atls Aev ]Xam{Xambntmepw kwibnppthm
AXphsc Ah P\- \- ac- W- fn\npw tamNn- -s- Sp
n. aqmas {]iv\- n- \p-c-ambn Fmw A\phm
Ins D]kw- lmc- n {ipXn kzbw ]dbpp: "k
b Ghw hnXv... B\- - ab- amm\- ap]kw{ImaXn' AXmbXv
"bmsXmcp C{]Imcw ]c-ammhns\ Adnbppthm
Ah {Ia-ambn A-a-bw, {]mWabw BZn-bmbhsb
{]m]npsImv Ahkm\w B\- - a- b- \mb ]ctaizcs\
{]m]npp.'
kw_-w Cu {]iv\-- fpsS D-c- ambn {ipXn {_-
ns kzcq]hpw inbpw hn- nv BZys A\p
hmIn bmsXmv kwt-]ambn krjv Sn-bpsS D-
{Ias hnhcnpthm AXnt\bpw hniZambn {Kln- np
p.
tkmIma-b-X. _lp kymw {]Pmtb-tb-Xn. k
X t]mX]yX. k X]kvXz]vXm CZw kha-kr-
PX bZnZw InwN. XXvkrjvSzm XtZhm\p{]mhn-i
Xv. XZ\p{]hniy k Xym`hXv. \ncpw Nm\n-
cpw. N. \neb\w Nm\n- eb-\w N. hnm\w
Nmhn-m\w N. kXyw Nm\rXw N kXya-`hXv.
bZnZw Iow N. X-XyanXym NtX. XZ-t]yj
tmtIm `hXn.
Rm \m\m cq]- n P\n p hf- sc- b- [n - I-
ambnocpw Fv Bcw`n ]c- {_-]c- taizc hnNm
cnncpp. Cu hnNmc- tmSpIqSn Atlw X]psNbvXp.
AXmbXv Pohn- IfpsS Ia-\pkcnv krjvSn \S-- W
sapw kev]np. C{]Imcw kev]nv CmWpXpw
tIpXpw Bb Fm PUtNX-\mab PKns\
krjv Snp. AXmbXv CXns kev ]ab- amb cq]w \nn
p. AXn\ptijw kzbw AXn {]thinp. Xn\npw
D--amb Cu PKn B ]c-ta-iz-c aptXs
{]hnjv S\mbncpp. Cu PKv Atl- ns- Xs kzcq
]ambncp- tm AXn Atlw {]hnjv SamIWambncp
n. Fncpmepw PUtNX\ma- b- amb PKn B-
kzcq]m ]cn- ]q-amb B ]c- {_ ]c- ta- iz-cs
hntijkzcq]w Atl-ns A- cymanbmb kzcq]
ns AS- bmfw kv]jv Samp- Xn-\pthn "Cu PK
ns\ krjvSn-nv Atlw AXn kzbw IpSn-sIm
pp' Fp Imcyw ]dncn- pp. {]hnjv SambXn
\ptijw Atlw aqhpw Aaq- hpamb cq]n
AXmbXv ImWs-Sp ]rYzn, Pew, tXPv Fo `qX-
- fpsS cq]nepw AXpt]mse hmbp, BImiw Cs\
ImWs-Sm `qX--fpsS cq]nepw {]Xys-p.
]noSp hn- - s- Sphm Ignbp hn[-nepw hn
- s- Sphm Ignbm- hn[nepw hnhn[ hkvXp-fmbn
cq]mc-s-p. CXpt]mseXs B{ibw \evIpXpw
\IsSm-Xpambn tNX-\bpw PUhpw Cs\
Fm cq]nepw GI\mb kXykzcq] ]c- taizc Xs
]e \ma- tfbpw cq]-tfbpw kzoIcnp {]Xy- ambn.
B GI\mb ]c-ammhpXs \bpw Xnbpw Bb
Fm cq]n- epambnop. AXpImcWw PvRm\nI
]dbpp "Cu ImWpIbpw tIpIbpw {KlnpIbpw
sNp Fmnepw kXykzcq]\mb ]c- ammhpXs
nXn-sNpp' Fv.
k]vX- am- \p- hmIw
AkZzm CZa{K Bko-Xv. XtXm ssh kZPmb-
X. XZm-m\w kzb- a- Ip-cp-X. Xkv am- - p- Ir-X-
ap-NyX CXn.
kqvaqecq]fn {]ISamIp- Xn\p apv Cu
PUtNX- \mab- amb PKv AkXv AXmbXv Ahy-cq
]n Bbncpp, B Ahymh- bn \npXs
kXv AXmbXv \ma-cq]a-bhpw PUtNX-\m-Ihpamb
{]Xy PKv D- hnp. ]c- ammhv Xss kzbw
Cu PUtNX- \m- Iamb PKns cq]n Bnbn
cn-pp. AXn-\m Atl- ns \maw "kpIrXw' (X-
- ms\ Dmb- Xv) Fmbnop.
bssZz XpIrXw ctkm ssh kx. ckw- tl-
hmbw e_v[zm\o `hXn. tIm tlyhm\ymIx
{]mWymZv btZj BImi B\tm \ kymXv. Gj
tly hm\-- bm-Xn.
ap]d h-\-n "kpIrX' \ma-n ]db-
s B ]c- {_ ]c- ammhv hmkvXhn ckkzcq]
(B\-- a-b) BIpp. Ctlw-Xs hmkvX-hn-Iamb
I K
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130
B\w BIpp. FpsIm-sm A\mZn-Imew
apX P\- \- ac- W- fmIp tLmc- ZpxJ- sf A\p`hnp
hcp Cu Pohmmhv Cu ckab {_s {]m]n-p
Xs B\- - bp- ambnocpp. Cu ]c- am\- \- - ab- \mb
]ctaizct\mSv CXns kwtbmKw \SmXncnp- Xphsc
CXn\p bmsXmcp hn[- nepw ]qm\w, \nXym\-w,
AJ-WvUm\-w, A\- m\w Ch {]m]nphm km[n-
pn. CXpsImpXs B hmkvXhnI B\- - kzcq]
]c-ammhns AkvXn-Xzs kt-l- c- ln-Xambn {Kln-
phm Ign- bpp; FpsImsm Ctlw BIm
it-tmse hym]I\mb B\-]c-ammhmIp-ns
n Bv Pohnphm Ignbpp; GXp {]mW\p Nen
phm Ign-bpp. am{X- a AJn-entbpw PohnXw
\nln- p- Xn- \p Fm hyhIfpw sNbvXn- cn- p
Xv Atlw Xs-bmIpp. IqSmsX, Cu PKns
Fm `uXn-I{In- b-Ifpw \nb- an-Xhpw hyhn-X-hpamb
coXnbn \SpXv Fs\ km[npp? AXn\m a\p
jy CXv ZrVX- tbmSpIqSn hniz- kn- Ww. Cu PKn\v
{kjvSmhpw cn- Xmhpambn ]c- {_- ]c-ta- izc \nb
ambpw thWw. AXpt]mse kt-ic- ln-X-ambn Cu ]c-
{_ ]c- ammhv Fmhpw B\w {]Zm\wsNpp.
B\- -kzcq]\pw GIam{X-\pamb ]c- am-mhptm
amv B\w {]Zm\w sNphm Ignbpw?
bZm- tly- sshj GX- kv an- Zrtiy\mty
\ncpt\nebt\`bw {]XnjvTmw hn-tX. AY
tkm`bw KtXm`hXn.
B ]c- {_ ]c- taizcs\ {]m]np- Xn\`nejnp-
h Hcnepw ImWs- Sm, hnhcn- phm kmyam
, Bscbpw B{ibnm, icoc- c- lnX\mb ]c-{_
]c- ammhn \n`b (Ahn-Ne) nXn{]m]npp. B
kabw Ah \n`b- ]Zs {]m]npp. Fs- t- p
ambn `bn\npw timIn \npw ap- cmbn- o
cp- p.
bZm tlysshj GXkvan-pZc-a-cw IpcptX.
AY Xky `bw `hXn. Xtzh `bw hnZptjm
a\zm\-ky. XZt]yj tmtIm `hXn.
Cu Pohmmhv B ]c-{_ ]c-ammhn \npw
Aev]amb A-c-tmSpIqSn Ftm apX hkn-p
pthm AXmbXv Atl- n ]q-nXn {]m]nm
Xn-cn-pIbpw Atls \nc-cw kvacn-mXn-cn-p
Ibpw Atls Aev]t\-c-t-bvpam{X-sa-nepw ad-
pt]mIpIbpw sNppthm AXphsc Ahs\ kw_
n- nStmfw `bw AXmbXv Ahs ]p\Pw Xo
bmbpw DmIpw. FpsImsm Ah ]c- amm
hn nX-\mImXn-cn-pIbpw Ah `Khms\ adp
PohnpIbpw sNptm Ahs acWw kw`hn- pI
bmsWn ]ns Ahs An-a-kw-kvImc- a-\pkcn-
p P\\w DmIpsapXp \n- b- amWv . ]c- amm
hn ]q- nXn {]m]n- m kabw hsc, `Khms\
\nc- cw kvacn- mXncnp-Xphsc Cu ]p\- `bw
P\-\a- c-W`bw FmhpapmIpw. Hcph henb
hnZzmt\m imkv{X-t\m kzbw henb m\nsbm
]WvUn- Xt\m BIpn. FpsImsm B ]c-ta-
iz-c FmhcpsS taepw `cWw \S-pp; Atl-
ns `c- Win- sImp temInse Fm hyh-
Ifpw \nb-an- X-cq]n NenpsImn- cnpp.
AjvT- am- \p- hmIw
kw_w Ign A\phmIn ]dnp a{
-fpsS eys DtJ\w sNpp.
`ojm- kv am- ZzmXx ]h- tX. `otjm- tZXn kqcyx
`ojm- kv am- Z- n- t- {- . arXyp[m- hXn ]a
CXn.
Cu ]c- {_ ]c- ta-iz-c-t\mSp `bwsImp ]h\
\nb- am\pkcWw Nen-pp. Atl-tmSp `bw-
sImp kqcy IrXyka- bp DZn-pIbpw IrXyka-
bv AkvX-anpIbpw sNpp. AXpt]mse Atl-
tmSp `bwsImv An, C{, Amas arXyp
Chsbmw Ahc- hcpsS Imcy \nb- a]qw kphy
hn-X- ambn sNbvXpsImn- cn-pp. ChbpsSsbmw
hyh-I sNp-Xmbn Chbv smw t{]c-Iambn
Bscnepan- sn Cu PKns Imcy Fs\
\S-pw. Chsbmw krjvSn-h\pw Fmtbpw bYm
tbmKyw \nb-aa\pkcnv shpsImn-cn-p-h\pamb
GtXm Hcp kXym\m\- - kzcq]]c- {_, ]c-ammhv
\n- b-ambpw Dspw Atls a\pjy\p \n- b-
ambpw {]m]nphm Ignbpsapw CXn\npw kv ]jv S
am- Ipp.
kw_w B\--kz-cq]\mb B ]c- {_- ]-c-amm
hns Cu B\w F{Xbpv, F- s\- bpv? Cu B{K
l-\nhr- nv B\-- hnjb-Iamb Nn Bcw- `n- pp
sskjm\ky aoamwkm `hXn. bphm
kymm[pbp-hm[ymbI BinjvtTm {ZVnjv tTm
_en- jv T- kv X- tkybw ]rYnho khm hnky
]qm kymXv. k GtImam\pj B\-x.
Cu h-\-bn B B\-- ns Nbmcw- `n-p
- Xn\p kqN\ \Inbnv k{]Y- aambn a\pjytem
Ins t`mK- fn\npw e`nphm kmyXbp
Ghpw D-X-amb B\-s hn`mh\w sNpp. Hcp
bphm-hmb a\pjy, AXpw A-s\- bn-- s\-bp
km[mcW bphmhmcnpn. kZmNmcnbpw kkz`m
hnbpw D-X-Ipene P\n-h\pambn-cn- -s, Ah
Fm thZ- fptSbpw hnZy e`nnp-h\pw AXpt]mse
inWn {_-NmcnIv D]tZiw \Ip- Xn
Ipie\pw Bbn-cn--s, Ahs Fm AwKfpw
I K
N P
131
C\v {Znb- fpw tcmKc- ln- Xfpw IgnhpXpw kpZr- Vhpw
Fm {]Imnepw inkhpambncn- s. ]ns [\-
km \ndb- s Cu ]q-amb PKv Ahs
A[o\- n- emhpIbpw BsWn B a\pjys kpJw
Ghpw hepXmIpp. CXp am\-htemIns Ghpw
henb B\-- amIpp.
tX tb iXw am\pjm B\- mx. k GtIm
a\pjy KmWmam\-x. t{im{Xn-bky NmIm
a-l- X-ky.
a\pjy tbm\n- bn D- a- I- f- \pjv Tnv K
`mhs {]m]nhs\ ""a\pjyK'' Fp ]d- bpp.
ChnsS Chs B\w apIfn ]dn- cn-p a\p
jys B\-- t-m \qdn-c-n-sbp ]d- b-sSp-p.
bmsXmcp a\pjykw_n-bmb B\- s BZyw hn
pthm As\ Hcp \qsdw Hnp IqSp Iqs
a\pjyKs B\- - tmSv Xpeys- Spmw. Fm
BZyw ]d a\pjytemIns t`mK apX
KtemIns t`mK hsc-bp Zpjn B{K
l--fn\np hnc- -amWv t{im{Xn-b AYhm thZ
. B t{im{Xnb\v thZ-]pcpj\v , kzm`mhnIam
bn- s B\w e`npp.
tX tb iXw a\p-jyKhm-Wmam\-mx. k
GtIm tZh- K- hm- Wm- am- \x t{im{Xn- bky
NmIm-a- l-X- ky.
Cu h- \- bn BZyw ]d- n- p a\pjy
Ks\ At]nv tZhKs B\-s \qdn
cn Fp ]dn- cn- pp. bmsXmcp a\pjyKs
B\-s apI-fn hn-n-cn- ppthm As\
\qsdw HnpIqSp B\-n\p XpeyamWv krjv Sn
bpsS Bcw`w apXep tZhPmXob Kcq]n
P\nnp Hcp Pohnp- Xv. AXpt]mse bmsXmcp a\p
jy Cu B\- m`nemjm tamlnX\mbncnppthm
AXmbXv bmsXmcp\v CXns Bhiyw CmXn-cn-p
pthm bmsXmcp thZ- fnse D]tZisf lrZbw
Kaambn kzoIcnncnppthm As\- bp hnZzm\v Cu
B\w kzm`mhn-Iambn e`n- pp.
tX tb iXw tZh-KmWmam\mx k GIx
]nXrWmw Nnc- temItemIm-\mam\-x. t{im{Xn-bky
NmIm-a- l-X- ky.
Cu h-\-bn tZhKmcpsS B\-s
At]np Nnc- mbn-bmb ]nXr-temIs {]m]np
Znhymcmb ]nXrfpsS B\s \qdnc- nbmbn ]dn
cn- pp. apIfn hnncnp tZhKmcpsS
B\- -ns \qdn- c-n-bmbn-cn-p-p. Nnc-mbn-bmb
]nXrtemIse Znhymcmb ]nXr- fpsS B\- - ns
cq]w. AXpt]mse bmsXmcp B temIns A`n
emjm tamlnX\mImXncnppthm AXmbXv bmsXm
cp\v AXns BhiyIX-bn-mXn-cn-ppthm B
t{im{Xn-b\v thZc-lkyw {Kln-n-p hnc- \v B
B\w kzm`mhnIambpw e`n- pp.
tX tb iXw ]nXrWmw Nnc- tem- Item- Im\m
am\-mx. k GI B Pm\-Pm\mw tZhm\mam\-x.
t{im{Xnb ky NmIma-l-Xky.
Cu h-\- bn Nnc-mbn-bmb temIn hkn-
p Znhymcmb ]nXr- - fpsS B\-s At]nv
"BPm\P' F t]cnednbsSp tZhmcpsS B\s
\qdnc- nbmbn ]dncnpp. apIfn hn- ncnp
Nnc-mbn- bmb temIn hkn-p ]nXr--fpsS
B\w \qsdw HnpIqSp A{Xbpw "BPm\P' F
tZhmcpsS B\- - n\v hnImkapmIpp. tZhtemI
se Hcp {]tXyI m\ns \ma-amWv "BPm\-P.'
Ahn-Sps tZhI kvarXn-Ifn {]Xn-]mZn--s- n-cn-
p GtXm ]pWyI ImcWw AhnsS krjvSn-
- s-n-cn- pp. Ahsc BPm\Pm Fp ]dbpp.
bmsXmcp Cu temIw- hsc- bp t`mKfn Bk
- \mImsXbncnppthm AXmbXv bmsXmcp Cu
B\- s Xpambn- cpXn AXnt\mSv hnc- - \mbncnp
pthm B thZm\n-bmb hnc- s\ kw_n-n- S-
tmfw B B\w kz`mhkn- amIpp.
tX tb iX-amPm- \- Pm\mw tZhmx \mam\- mx.
k GI I tZhm\mw tZhm- \m- am- \- x. tb
IWm tZhm\-]n-b-n. t{im{Xn-bky NmIma-l-
X- ky.
Cu h-\-bn BPm\-P-tZhmcpsS B\-- t-
m ItZhXIfpsS B\s \qdnc- nbmbn ]dn
cnpp. apIfn hnncnp BPm\PtZhXIfpsS
B\- -s-m \qdncn alnatbmSpIqSn- b-XmWv thtZm
- - fmb I hgn a\pjytbm\nbn \npw tZh
`mhw {]m]nnp B ItZhXIfpsS B\w. bmsXm
cp B ItZhX- I hsc-bp B\- s A`ne
jnmsX-bn-cnppthm AXmbXv bmsXmcp\v tZh
temIw hsc-bp t`mK BhiyanmXncnppthm
thZc- l- kys {Klnnp B hnc- - ]pcpjs\ kw_
n- nStmfw B B\w P- kn- - amIpp.
tX tb iXw ItZh\mw tZhm-\mam-\-mx.
k GtIm tZh-\mam\-x. t{im{Xn-bky NmIma-l-
X- ky.
Cu h- \- bn ItZhs\ At]nv krjv SnIm
en mbo`mhtmSpIqSn krjvSn-- s-n-p-h
cpsS, kzm`mhnIamb tZh`mhtmSpIqSn- b- hcpsS, B\-
s \qdnc- nbmbn ]d- bpp. apIfn hn- snp
ItZhmcpsS B\- - t- m \qdpaSmWv kz`mh
kn- -cmb tZhX- IfpsS B\-w. bmsXmcp kz`mh
kn- cmb tZhXIfpsS t`mKm\s B{KlnmXncnp
I K
N P
132
pthm AXmbXv bmsXmcp AXn-s\bpw teiw-
t]mepw A`nejnmXncnppthm, thZc- l- kys {Kln
np B \njvma hnc- s\ kw_n- nStmfw B
B\w P- kn- amIpp.
tX tb iXw tZhm-\mam\-mx. k GI C{-
kym\-x. t{im{Xn- bky NmIma-l-X-ky.
Cu h-\-bn ap]d kz`mh kn-cmb tZh
X-IfpsS B\-- ns \qdn-c- n-bmWv C{s B\w
Fp ]d-bs-Spp. apIfn hnhcn-ncn-p tZhX-I
fpsS B\w As\ \qsdw HnpIqSn- bm DnS
tmfamWv C{- `mhs {]m]nnp tZhX- IfpsS Hcm
\- w. bmsXmcp Cu C{- t`mKm\- s B{Kln- m
Xn- cn-ppthm AXmbXv bmsXmcp Cu C{-kpJ-
t-tmepw Imwn- mXncnppthm AXns\ Xpam
bn-cpXn AXnt\mSv hnc--\mbnocppthm thZc-
l-kys {Kln-n-p B \njvIma-]pcpj\mIs B
B\w kzXxkn-amWv.
tX tb iX-an-{- kym\-mx. k GtIm _rl-
kv]tX- cm\-x. t{im{Xn-bky NmIma-l- X- ky.
Cu h-\-bn C{s B\-- s-m \qdn-c- n-
bmWp _rl-kv]Xn-bpsS B\w Fp ]dbpp. apI
fn hnn-cn- p C{s B\w \qsdw Hnp
IqSp- Xn\p XpeyamWv _rl-kv ]XnbpsS ]Zhnsb {]m]n
np tZhX- bpsS B\- w. Fm bmsXmcp a\pjy
_rl-kv ]Xn-bpsS t`mKm-\- -tbpw Cn-mXn- cn- p
pthm B t`mKm\- - tbpw A\nXyamb- XpImcWw Xp
ambn- - cpXn AXnt\mSp hnc-- \mbnocppthm thZc-
l-kys {Kln-n-cn-p B \njvma-a-\pjy\v B
B\w P- {]m]vXamWv .
tX tb iXw _rl-kv]tX-cm\-mx. k GIx
{]Pm]tX- cm\-x. t{im{Xn- bky NmIma-l-Xky.
Cu h- \- bn _rl-kv ]Xn- bpsS B\--t- m
\qdncn hepXmWv {]Pm]XnbpsS B\w Fp ]dbpp.
apIfn hn-n- cn- p _rl-kv]Xn- bpsS B\-t-
tmse \qsdw Hnp IqSp- Xn\p XpeyamWp {]Pm]
Xn- bpsS m\- s- p tZhX- bpsS B\- w. Fm
bmsXmcp a\pjy Cu {]Pm]Xn-bpsS B\- s B{K
ln- mXncnppthm AXn\npw hnc- -\mbn-gnbp
pthm, thZc- l-kys Adnbp B \njvma- a\pjy
\mIs Cu B\w kzm`mhnIambpw {]m]vXamIpp.
tX tb iXw {]Pm- ]- tX- cm- \- mx. k GtIm
{_W B\x t{im{Xn-bky NmIma-l-Xky.
Cu h-\-bn {]Pm]Xn-bpsS B\-- s-mfpw
lnc- WyK`{_mhns B\-s \qdnc- nbmbn hn
pp. apIfn hnn- cnp {]Pm]Xn- bpsS B\--
t-m \qdncn hepXmWv krjvSn- bpsS Bcw-`n
GhpamZyambp- hn lnc- WyK`{_mhns Hcm\- w.
AXpt]mse bmsXmcp a\pjy B {_mhns ]Z
n\npw e`yamImhp t`mKkpJ- - fpsS B{Kl-an
m- h\mbncnppthm bmsXmcp Ah A\nXyhpw
Xphpw Fp IcpXn AXn-t\mSp hnc- -\mbn-ocp
pthm bmsXmcp\v ]cam\- - kzcq]\mb ]c{_s
{]m]np-Xn\v DXv- S- amb A`nemjw DmIppthm
thZc-l-kys {Kln-n-p B hnc- -]pcpj\v B
B\w kzXxkn-amWv.
C{]Imcw Hn\pta asmmbnp B\- -ns
B[n-Iys hnp hnv Ghpw D]cnbmb lnc-
WyK`ns B\-s hnhcn-psImv Cu temI
n GsXmw B\- - Zin-p- Xn\pw {ihn- p
-Xn\pw Bkz- Znp-Xn\pambnptm Ah F{X- am{Xw
ta- tb- dnb-Xmbn- cn- s, Ahsb- mw- Xs, B ]qm\
- kzcq]\mb ]cammhns B\- - tmSp Xpe\w sNp
tm tIhew XpamsW `mhw kv ]jv SamIpp.
kb- mbw ]pcptj bm- km- hm- ZntXy k
GIx. k b Ghw hnZkvamtmIm-Xvt{]Xy. GXa-
-a-b-amm\-ap-]kw{Ima-Xn. GXw {]mWa-b-amXv
am\-ap-]kw{Ima-Xn. GXw at\m-a-b-am-m\-ap]kw-
{Im-a-Xn. GXw hnm-\-a-b- am-m\- ap- ]kw-{Im-a-
Xn. GXam\--a-b-amm\-ap-]kw{Ima-Xn. XZt]yj
tmtIm `hXn.
apIfn ]dncnp Fm B\- - fptSbpw GI
am{Xm tI{w ]c- am\- - kz- cq]\mb ]c-{_- ]c-ammhp
Xs. AJnensbpw A- cymanbmbn- cnp a\pjy
cn nXnsNp ]cammhpXs kqcy\nepw nXn
sN-pp. Atlw Fmn-tbpw A- cyman-bmb
GI Xs- bmIpp. bmsXmcp C{]Imcw {Klnn
cnppthm ac- Wm\- cw Ah Cu a\pjyicocw Dt]
nv aphn-n-p A-a-b, {]mWa-b, at\ma-b,
hnm\ab, B\-- ab- amb Bmhns\ {]m]n-pp.
AXmbXv Chbpw GXmmhpw BcpsS kzcq]hpam
Ippthm B ]c{_]cammhns\ {]m]npp Fp
Xmev]cyw. BZyambn Cu An- t\bpw hn kabw
AJnentbpw icocmhn- bmb Bmhv A-
cyman- bmb ]c- ta- izcs\ ]dncpp. X^- eambn At
l-ns {]m]vXn-bpmIpp. Atlw Xs {_- am
Ipp. CXp a\-nemp-Xn\pthn ChnsS As--
tbpw {Ia{]Imcw {]m]nt Imcyw ]dncnpp.
hmkvXhn Cu {Ia{]Imcw {]m]n- Wsap ]d- Xv
icnb-. FpsImsm A-a- b-amb icoc-s- bm
Is Ah t\c-t-Xs {]m]n-pIgnn-cn-pp.
AXns\ Dt]np t]mbXn- \ptijw {]m]n- p ^ew
]c-ammhpXs- bmIpp; icoc- amIpn- . ChnsS A-
abmZnIfpsS A- cyman- bmb ]c- ammhns {]m]vXn- sb-
-n- s ]dbpp. Ahsb-mnepw ]cn-]q\pw
I K
N P
133
kkz- cq]\pw AJnentbpw Bmhpw ]c- am\- -
kzcq]hpw Bb ]c- {_s {]m]npI Fp- XmWv
Cu ^e{ipXnbpsS Xmev]cyw. ASp A\phmZIn
Cu hnjbw {]Xn]mZnpp.
\h- am-\p- hmIw
btXm hmtNm \nht A{]m]y
a\km kl.
B\w {_tWm hnZzm \
_nt`Xn IpXt\-Xn.
Cu a{n ]c-{_]c-ammhns ]c-am\-kz-
cq]s Adnbp- XpsImpmIp ^fs- n ]d-bp
. a\pssSbp Fm C{nbfpw AXns\ {]m]n
msX Ahn- sS- \npw aS-n-hcpp. bmsXmcp {_m\-
s Adn- bp- Xn\p in Cu C{nb- pw a\-
n\pw CmXncnppthm B ]c- {_- ]c- ammhns B
B\- s {Kln- np m\nIfmb alm]pcpjm
Hcnepw Btcbpw `bs- Spn. Ah Ftmgpw \n`
b- cmbn- cn- pp.
GXw l hmh \ X]Xn. Inalw km[p \mIc-
hw. Inalw ]m]-a- Ic- han-Xn. k b Ghw hnZzm
t\tX B m\w kv]rWptX. Dt` tlysshj
GtX Bm\w kv]rWptX. b Ghw thZ. CXyp
]\n-j-Xv.
m\nIfmb alm]pcpjmp bmsXmcp hn[- n
epap timIfpw DmIpn-sv Cu h- \-bn
hy-amn-bn-cnpp. apIfn ]d-n- cn-p- X-\pk
cnv ]c- ammhns\ Adnncnp hnZzmm m\n
I Hcnepw Hcp {]Imc- nepw ""FpsImp Rm
t{ijvT If\pjvTnn, Asn Rm ]m]Iw
Fn\p sNbvXp?'' Fp Nnnv ZpxJ-a-\p`hnpn-.
Ahs a\-n ]pWyI-fpsS ^ekz-cq]amb
D- atemI {]m]vXnp B{Kl- an. ]m]P\nXamb \c-
Is--n-bp `bhpw D]{Zhn-pn-. tem`-n
\npw `bP\nXamb km]n\npw Ah Dbp
\npp. ap]d m\n-I BkntbmSpIqSn
sNp ]pWyhpw ]m]hpw cp {]Imc--fn-epap
Isf P\- \- acW km]ns Imc- W Fp
IcpXn cmKtZzjtmSpIqSn Ahbn\npw XnIpw hn
Ip ]c-ammhns Nnbn hym]r-X-cmbn hkn-p
sImv Bmhns kwc-Ww \nlnpp.
`rKp- hn
{]Y- am- \p-hmIw
`rKpssh hmcpWnx, hcpWw ]nX-cap-]kkmc
A[nln `Kthm {_t-Xn. Xkvam GXXv t{]mhm-
N. Aw {]mWw Npx t{im{Xw at\m hmNan-
Xn. Xw tlmhm- N. btXm hm Cam\n `qXm\n
Pmbt tb\ PmXm\n Poh-n. bXv {]b-y`n-
kw-hn-in. XZznPn mkkz. XZv {_t-Xn. k
Xt]mX]yX. k X]kvX-]vXzm.
hcpWs ]p{X\mbn `rKp F \matmSpIqSn {]kn
\mb Hcp aljn Dmbncpp. Atlns a\n
]c- ammhns\ Adn-bp-Xn\pw {]m]n-p-Xn- \pap
D- Samb A`nemjw Dmbn. Atm Atlw Xs
]nXmhmb hcpWs ASp sNp. Atl-ns
]nXmhmb hcpW thZsf {Kln-n-p- h\pw {_- -
m\nbpamb alm]pcpj\mbncpp. AXn\m `rKphn\v
asmcp BNmcys ASp t]mtI Bhiyanmbn
cpp. hcpWs kao]w sNv `rKp C{]Imcw {]mnp
"`Kh, Rm {_s Adnbphm\m{Klnpp; BI
bm Zbhpmbn Av {_-XXzw Fs {Kln-n-m
epw. Atm hcpW `rKphn-t\mSp ]dp "{]nbm
Aw, {]mW, t\{Xw, t{im{Xw, a\v, hmWn Chsbmw
Xs {_-ns D]e_v[n-p hmXn- epIfmIpp.
Chsb-mnepw {_- ns k kv^pcnpsImn-
cn-pp. ""{]Xyambn ImWs-Sp Fm Pohn-Ifpw
bmsXmcp-\n\npw D- hnpthm D- hnnv bmsXm
cps kl-tbmKtmSpIqSn, bmsXmcps _ew
{]m]n- psImv Pohnpphthm Poht\m]tbmK I
\S- p-Xn kacmbncn- pIbpw alm{]f- b-
Imen bmsXmcp\n hnebw {]m]npIbpw sNp
pthm Atls icnv Adn-bp-Xn\v B{Klnq.''
C{Xbpw IqSn ]dpsImSpp. ""Atlw Xs- bmIpp
{_w'' C{]Imcw ]nXmhns D]tZiw kzoIcnpsImv
`rKpap\n {_- Ncytbpw ia-ZamZn \nb- a- tfbpw ]men
psImpw AXpt]mse Fm t`mKkpJ-- fnepw XymK
]qIamb kwb-a-tmSpIqSn hkn-psImpw ]nXm
hns D]tZisn Nnnp. CXpXsbmbncpp At
l- ns X]v . C{]Imcw X]a\pjv Tn-nv Atl-sa-p
sNbvXp? Cmcyw ASp A\phmIn hnhcnpp.
ZznXo- bm- \p- hmIw
Aw {_tXn hyPm\mXv. Amtyh Jezn-
am\n `qXm\n Pmb-t. At\ PmXm\n Pohn.
Aw {]b-y`n-kwhn-io-Xn. XZzn-mb ]p\-
tch hcpWw ]nX- c-ap-]- k-km-c. A[o-ln-`- Kthm
{_t-Xn. XwtlmhmN. X]km {_ hnPn-m
k-kz. Xt]m- {_-t-Xn. k Xt]mX]yX. kX]-
kv X- ]v Xzm.
]nXmhns D]tZiw A\pkcnv AwXs {_-
sav `rKp \n-bn-p. FpsImsm ]nXmhp
]d {_-ns Fm eWfpw A-n
ImWs- Spp. Fm PohnIfpw A- n \npw A-
I K
N P
134
ns ]cn- Wma `qXamb hocyn \npw D- hnp
p. Aw-sImpXs AhbpsS PohnXw kpc-n-X-
ambn \ne\npp; ac- Wm\cw A-kzcq]amb Cu
]rYzn- bnXs {]hn-jvSamIpp. C{]Imcw \n- bn- nv
Atlw hopw ]nXmhmb hcpWs ASp hp.
hnp Xs \n-b-a- \pkcnp-sXmw Atlw Adn-
bn-p.
]nXmhmb hcpW bmsXmcp adp]Snbpw ]dn-.
Atlw Nnnp ""Ch Ctm {_ns qe
cq]s am{Xw a\- nemnbncnpp. hmkv XhnI cq]w
hsc Chs _pn-sNn- n-. AXn\m Ch\v C\nbpw
X]psImv Ipsd- qSn Nnn-t Bhiyw Dv .
Fm Ah Aev ]sanepw a\- nemnbXp Xpam
n- mWnv Ahs _pnsb \ncpml- s- SppXv
DNnXambn- cn-bn. AXn-\m CXn\p adp]Sn ]dbmXn- cn
p-Xmbn-cnpw D-aw.'' ]nXmhn- t\mSp Xm ]d
Imcyw AwKoIcnpsImp B e`nm- Xn\m
`rKp hopw A`ynp "`Kh, Rm a\-n-emn-
bXp icnbmbncnpnsn Av F\nv {_-XXzw
icnbmbn D]tZinpXcq.'' Atm hcpW ]dp "\o
X]phgnbmbn {_-X- Xzs {Klnphm ]cn{ianq.
Cu X]pXs {_ kzcq]amIpp. AXn-\m CXv
Atl- ns t_m[w \Ip-Xn kYm Ignhp-
Xmbncnpp.' C{]Imcw ]nXmhns B e`nnv `rKp
aljn hopw BZyt- tmse Xs Xt]mab PohnXw
\bnpsImv ]nXmhn\npw BZyw e`yamb D]tZiw
A\pkcnv {_-kz-cq]s \n- bnp- Xn\p Nnn-p
hm XpS-n. C{]Imcw X]\pjvTnv Atlw Fp
sNbvXp? Cmcyw ASp A\phmIn ]dncnp
p.
XrXob A\p- hmIw
{]mtWm {_tXn hyPm\mXv. {]mtWm-tyh
Jezn-am\n `qXm\n Pmb-t. {]mtW\ PmXm\n Poh-
n. {]mWw {]b-y`n-kwhn-io-Xn. XZzn-mb
]p\- tch hcWw ]n X- c- ap- ]- k- km- c. A[oln
`Kthm {_t-Xn. XwtlmhmN. X]km {_ hnPn-
mkkz. Xt]m {_t-Xn. k Xt]mX]yX. k
X]-kvX- ]vXzm.
]nXmhns D]tZim\pkcWw `rKp X]phgn- bmbn
{]mWXs {_w Fp Xocpam\w sNbvXp. Atlw
Nnn- p. ]nXmhn\m ]db-s {_-ns Fm e
Wfpw {]mW\n ]qambn ImWsSpp. Fm Pohn
Ifpw {]mW\n \npw D-hn-pp. AXmbXv Pohn-
p Hcp {]mWn- bn \npw AXn\p kZr- iambn asm
p- hnpXv {]Xy- ambn ImWs- Spp. AXpt]mse
Fmw {]mW\mXs Pohn- pIbpw sNpp. izmk
ns t]mphchp \npt]mbm, {]mW aqeap
A-{KlWw \S--s-SmXn-cpm, AXpt]mse A-
ckw icoc- ns Fm `mK-fnepw Fn-tcmXn-cp
m bmsXmcp Pohnpw Pohn-n- cn-phm km[ya-.
ac- Wm\- cw Fmw {]mW\nXs {]thin- pp. arX
icoc- {]mW \ne\npnspXv {]Xy-
ambn ImWs-Spp. AXn-\m {]mW Xs {_- sa-
pXn\v bmsXmcp kwib-hpan-. C{]Imcw \nbw
sNbvXpsImv Atlw hopw ]nXmhns ASp
sNp. t\c- t- bp- Xpt]mseXs Xs A\p`hsf
Adn-bn-p. ]nXmhv B ka-bpw bmsXmcp adp]Snbpw
sImSpn. Ch ap]net- m Ipsd-qSn kqva
X-bn-sen-bn-cn-pp; Fm C\nbpw hf-sc-b[nIw
{Klnphm InSpp. AXn\m adp]Sn sImSpmXn-
cpm Ahs Pnmkbv v HpIqSn _eapmIpw.
AXpsImp adp]Sn ]dbmXncn-pXp icnbmbncnp
sap Atlw hnNmcnp. Xm ]d Imcyn\p ]nXm
hn\npw bmsXmcp adp]Snbpw e`nmXncp- XpImcWw
`rKp hopw Atl-tmSt]np "`Kh, Ctmgpw
icnb Rm a\- nemnbsXn Av Ir]tbmSpIqSn
F\nv {_XXzw D]tZinpXmepw.' Atm hcpW
hopw ]g-b-Xpt]mse ]dp ""\o X]phgn-bmbn
{_s {Klnp- Xn\p ]cn{ian-q. Cu X]w Xs
{_amIpp. AXmbXv {_- XXzs {KlnpXn\p
{][m\ km[- \- bIpp.'' C{]Imcw ]nXmhns B e`n
nv `rKpa-ljn hopw AtX {]Imc-nXs X]
pjvTnpsImv ]nXmhns D]tZis- n NnnpsIm
n- cpp. X]\pjv Tn- nsImv Atlw FpsNbvXp?
CXv ASp A\phmIn ]dbpp.
NXpYm- \phmIw
at\m {_tXn hyPm- \m- Xv . a\tkm tlyh
Jezn am\n `qXm\n Pmb-t. a\km PmXm\n Poh
n. a\x {]b`nkwhnio-Xn. XZzn-mb ]p\-
tch hcpw ]nXc ap]- k- km- c. A[oln `Kthm
{_t-Xn. Xw tlmhmN. X]km {_ hnPn-m
kkz. Xt]m {_t-Xn. k Xt]mX]yX. k X]
kv X- ]v Xzm.
C-hW ]nXmhns D]tZia\pkcnv a\- pXs-
bmWv {_- sap `rKp \n- bnp. Atlw Nnn- p, ]nXm
hn-\m ]d-bs {_-ns Fm eWfpw a\-
n ImWs- Spp. a\- n\npXs Fm PohnIfpw
D-hn-pp. kv{XobpsSbpw ]pcpjsbpw am\-kn-I
amb t{]a-]q-kw-tbmKn \npw Pohn _oP-cq]
tmSpIqSn amXmhns K`nhv D-hn- pIbpw
D-hn-nv a\-tmSpIqSn-s C{n-b- hgn Fm
Pnhn-tXm]tbmKnIfmb hkvXpsf D]t`mKw sNbvXp
PohnpIbpw ac- Wm\- cw a\- ntebvpXs {]thin-
p-Ibpw sNp- p. ac-Wm- \- cw Cu icoc-n
I K
N P
135
{]mW\pw C{nb- fpw \ne\npn- . AXn\m a\-
pXs {_-amIpp. C{]Imcw \n-bn-psImv
Atlw hopw ]gXpt]mse ]nXmhmb hcpWs ASp
sNv Xs A\p`hsf ]nXmhns\ Adn-bn-p.
Cu {]mhiyhpw ]nXmhn\npw bmsXmcp adp]Snbpw
e`nn. "Ch apnetm F{Xtbm Bg-nten
d-n- sn-cn-pp. Fm C\nbpw Ch Iptd-qSn
X]\pjv Tn- Ww. AXn\m adp]Sn ]dbmXncn- pXp
Xs DNn-X-ambn- cn-pw.' Fv hcpW Nnn-p. ]nXm
hn\npw Xs Imcyn\v bmsXmcp adp]Snbpw e`nm
- XpImcWw `rKp hopw apn-e-t- tmseXs
A`ynp ""`Kh, Rm {Kln- ncn- pXp icn- bm
bn-cn-pn-s-n Av , Ir]bpmbn {_-c-lkyw
F\n- p]tZin-pX- mepw.'' Atm hcpW hopw
AtX adp]Sn Xs ]dp ""\o X]phgn-bmbn
{_XXzs Adnbp-Xn\m{Klnq, AXmbXv X]p
sNbvXpsImv Fs D]tZis- n hopw Nnn-q.
Cu Xt]m-cq]amIp km[\ Xs {_-am-Ipp.
{_s {Klnp- Xn\v CXn\p]cnbmbn ap bmsXmcp
]mb- fpw C.'' C{]Imcw ]nXmhns B e`np `rKp
hopw apt- tmse kwb-a- \-tmSpIqSn Pohnv ]nXm
hns D]tZis- n Nnnp. Nnn-nv Atlw Fp
sNbvXp F Imcyw ASp A\phmIn hnhcn-
pp.
]- am- \p- hmIw
hnm\w {_tXn hyPm- \m- Xv. hnm\m-
tyh Jezn- am\n `qXm\n Pmb-t. hnmt\\
PmXm\n Pohn. hnm\w {]b-y`n-kwhn-io-
Xn. XZzn-mb ]p\-tch hcpWw ]nX-c- ap-]mk
km-c. A[o-ln-`Kthm {_t- Xn. Xw tlm hmN.
X]km {_ hnPn-mkkz. Xt]m{_t- Xn. k
Xt]mX]yX. k X]kvX-]vXzm.
C{]mhiyw `rKp ]nXmhns D]tZia\pkcnv hnm
\-kz-cq]tNX- \-bmb Pohmm-hpXs {_- amsWp
\n- bnp. Atlw Nnnp {_- ns eW-sf-
n ]nXmhp ]dncn- p-sXmw ]q- ambpw CXn
ImWs- Spp. Cu Fm {]mWnIfpw Pohmmhn \np
Xs D- hnpp. kPohtNX\- bn \npXs {]mWn
IfpsS Dev ]n {]Xyambpw ImWs- Spp. D-hnnv
Cu hnm\-kz-cq]amb Pohmmhn-\ms Pohn-
pp. Pohmmhp \ne\n-evpn-s- n a\-v , C{n-
b- , {]mW apXemb bmsXmn\pw Pohnphm Ign
bpn- . bmsXmn\pw AXn-t- Xmb tPmenI \nln
phm km[npn. AXpt]mse ac-Wm\-cw a\v
apX-emb-hsbmw PohmmhnXs hnebn-p- p.
Poh t]mbXn\ptijap arXicoc- n Chsbmpw
ImWs-Spn. AXn-\m hnm\ kzcq]amb Pohm
mhp-Xs {_-amIpp. C{]Imcw \n- bn-Xn-\p
tijw Atlw BZyt- Xpt]mseXs ]nXmhmb hcp
Ws ASp sNp. Atlw Xs Xocp- am\w
]nXmhns\ Adn- bn- p. C{]mhiyhpw hcpW bmsXmcp
adp]Snbpw ]dn. Atlw Nnnp. C{]mhiyw Ch
hfscb[nIw {_- tmSSpncn- p. Chs NnI
qehpw kqv ahpw Bb cpX-c-n-ep PUX-Xz-
-fn\npw Dbv tNX\-Pohmmhntemfw Fn
bn- cn-pp. Fm {_ kzcq]amIs CXn-s\- m
Hsbpw t{ijv Tambn- cnpp. Atl- amIs \nXym\-
kz-cq]\pw AZzn- Xob- \pamb ]c-amm-hmIpp. Ch
C\nbpw Iptd-qSn X]\pjvTnt- n-bn- cnpp. AXn
\m adp]Sn ]dbmXncnp- Xmbncnpw icn.'' C{]Imcw
XpS-bmbn ]nXm- hn\npw bmsXmcp adp]Snbpw
e`nmXncpXpImcWw `rKp lXmit\m \ncmit\m Bbn
. Atlw ap]net- tmse hopw AtX {]m\
Xs \S-n. ""`Kh, Rm icn-b {Klnncn- p-
sX-n Av Ir]tbmSpIqSn {_-c-lkyw F\n-p]
tZinpX- mepw. Atm hcpW hopw AtX Dcw
Xs \In ""\o X]phgnbmbn- s {_-XXzs
{Kln- p- hm- \m-{K- ln-q. AXm- bXv X]- kym- ]qIw
AXns ]q-amb IY IYm\pkcWw Nnn-q. X]w
Xs {_-amIpp.'' C{]Imc- ap ]nXmhns B
e`n- nv `rKp hopw ap]n-et-tmse kwb-a\-tm
SpIqSn Pohn- psImv ]nXmhns D]tZi{]Imcw Nnn-
p. Nnn--Xn-\p-tijw Atlw FpsN-bvXp. CXp
XpSp ]dbpp.
jjvTm- \p- hmIw
B\tm {_tXn hyPm\mXv. B\- mty-h
J- ezn- am\n `qXm\n Pmbm-t. B\- t\ PmXm\
Pohn. B\w {]b-y`n-kwhn-io-Xn. sskjm
`mho hmcpWo hnZym ]cta thyma {]Xn-jvTn-
Xm. k b Ghw thZ {]Xn-Xn-jvT- Xn. A- hm-\-
mtZm `hXn. alm `hXn {]Pbm ]ip`n{_
htk\. alm Ioym.
C-hW `rKp ]nXmhns D]tZis-n AKm[-
ambn Nnn- nv B\w {_w Xs F Xocpam\n-
sen. ""Cu B\- - ab- \mb ]c- ammhpXs- bmWv A-
abmZnIfmb Fmnsbpw A-cmmhmIp- Xv. Ah
sb- mw- Xs Atl-ns qecq]- fmIpp. Cu
Imc-Ww- sImpXs Ahbn {_- _p-n- bpmIp-
Ibpw {_-ns Bwin-IeWw {]IS-amhpIbpw
sNpp. Fm ktiz-cs\ At]np {_-
ns eWw B\- - n ImWs- Spp. FpsIm
sm, Cu Pohn-Isfmw B\- -kz-cq]\mb ]c-{_
- ]-c-ammhn\n-pXs krjvSn- bpsS Bcw-`n
D- hn- n-cn-p-p. Chsb-mn-sbpw BZn-ImcWw
I K
N P
136
t]mepw Atlw Xs- bmIpp. AXpt]mse Cu B-a
bs B\-- ns teiw e`n-n- pXs Cu {]mWn-
Isfmw PohnpsImn-cn-pp. Bcpw ZpxJ- tmSpIqSn
Pohnphm\njv SsSpn. am{Xhpa- , B\- - ab- \mb B
kmcyman-bmb ]c-ammhns ANn- yin- bpsS
t{]c-WtbmSpIqSns Cu temInse Fm PohnI
fpsSbpw Fm {]h-\-fpw \SpsImn- cn- pp.
Atl-ns `c- Wn Ign- bp kqcymZn-I AXm
XpIfpsS tPmenI \nlnmXncnpIbmsWn Hcp
Wt\cw t]mepw bmsXmcp {]mWnpw Pohn-n- cn-p
hm km[np- X. AJnentbpw Pohm[mcw hmkvX
hn B\- - kz- cq]\mb B ]c- ammhmIpp. AXp
t]mse Fm Pohn-Ifmepw \ndb- s Cu {_mWvUw
{]f-b- Imen Atl- ns eo\-amIpIbpw
sNpp. Atlw Xs Fm {]Imc-nepw kZm
AJnentbpw B{ib- amIpp. C{]Imc- ap A\p`
h- ap- m- b- tm `rKp- hn\p ]c- {_- - s- - nbp
bYm m\w Dmbn. ]noSv Atl- n\p bmsXm
cphn[amb Pnmkbpw Ahtijnn. {ipXnkzb- ambn
B hnZybpsS alna Adnbnp- Xn- \pthn ]dbpp
AXpXs hcpW\m ]db- s- Xpw `rKphn\p e`yamb
Xpamb {_-hnZy ({_c- lkyw shfns- Spp hnZy).
Cu hnZy hnip BImikz-cq]amIp ]c-{_ ]c-am
mhn nXn-sNpp. Atlw Xs Cu hnZybp
tSbpw B[mcw. bmsXmcp `rKphns\- tmse X]kym
]qw CXns\- n Nnn- nv ]c-am\- kzcq]\mb ]c-am
mhns\ Xncndn- bppthm Ah\pw Ahnip-]c- am\
]c-ammhn nX- \mbnocpp. C{]Imcw Cu hnZy
bpsS hmkvX-hn-I^ew ]dnv a\pjysc B km[- \-
bpsS t\tc Xncn-phn-Sp-Xn\v D]cyp-amb coXn-bn
A {]mWmZn kakv X XXzfptSbpw cl- kyhnm\
]qIamb {_s Adnbp m\n-IfpsS icoc-
epw AxIc-Wnepw kzm`mhn- Iambp- hn- p
Akm[mc- Wamb in- sbn {ipXn ]dbpp Ah
\m\m {]Im- c- n- ep- ap Poh- \- b- t{Xm- ]- tbm- Kn- I-
t`mKfn k-\m- bn-o-cpIbpw Ahsb-mn-
t\bpw tkhnp- Xn\p kmayw Ah\n h- tN
cpIbpw sNpp. AXmbXv Ahs a\- v , C{n- b- ,
icocw Ch \nhn-Imchpw \otcmKhpw Bbn-ocpp.
am{X-hpa, Ah km\-, arK, {_-tX-Pv
henb Ion Chbm kar- \mbnv temIn k
t{ijv T\mbn am\n- - s- Spp.
k]vX- am- \p- hmIw
kw_w {_lva- m\n Aw, {]P (km\w) apX-
emb- hbm k- \mbn- ocpsa Imcyw ]dpIgn-
p. Atm Hcp kwib- apmIpXv Cu Fm knn
Ifpw {_-kmmXvmcw {]m]nXn\pta am{Xta e`y
amIbptm AYhm Chsbmw {]m]np-Xn- \p ap
]mb-aptm? CXn\p adp]Sn- bmbn Chsbmw {]m]n- p
- Xn\p ap]mb- ]dbpp
Aw \ \nym- Xv . XZv {h- Xw, {]mtWm hm
Aw. icoc-a-mZw, {]mtW icocw {]Xn-jvTn-Xw.
icotc {]mWx {]Xn-jvTn-Xx. XtZXZ-at {]Xn-
jvTn-Xw. k b GXZ-at {]Xn-jvTnXw thZ {]Xn-
Xn-jv TXn. A-hm\-mtZm `hXn. alm `hXn
{]Pbm ]ip`n_vhtk\ alm Ioym.
ChnsS A-ns al-Xzs hnhcn-nv AXv Adn-
bp- XpsImpmIp ^es Adn- bn- pp. AXm
bXv bmsXmcp a\pjy AmZnIfm k- \mIphm
B{Klnppthm Ah Ghpw BZyambn "Rm Hcn
epw As \nnpIbn' Fp {hXw AwKoI
cn-Ww. GsXnepw Hcp hkvXphns\ e`n-phm a\p
jy\m{Klnppthm AXns\ kw_n Hcp al- Xz_p
n- bpmbncn- - WsaXv Hcp km[mcW \nbaw am{Xam
Ipp. Atm AXv Ah\pthnbpw {]b-Xv \npw. Hcp
\v GsXnepw Hn hnc- k_pnbmWv tXmp- sX
n Ahs t\sc AXp IpXpd-pt\mpIt]mepw
sNpIbn- . As \nn-pIbn-sp {hXw
kzoIcn--Ww. Aw Xs {]mW\pw {]mW Xs
Ahpw BIpp. FpsImsm An \np
Xs {]mW_ew DmhpIbpw {]mWin- bn \np
Xs A-a- b-i-co-c-n Poh-in-bpmIp-Ibpw
sNpp Fp A-ns al- Xzs a\-nem-
Ww. icoc- n A-c-ks k{X hym]n-n-p-
XpsImv ChnsS {]mWs\ A-sap ]dncn- pp.
icocw {]mWs B[mcn Dd- p\nevpp. AXn\m
AXv {]mWcq]amb A- ns t`mmhmIpp. icocw
{]mW\n nXnsNpp. AXmbXv icoc- ns nXn
{]mWm[o\mbncnpIbpw {]mW icoc- n nXam
bncnpIbpw sNpp. {]mWs B[mcw icoc-amIpp.
Cmcyw {]XyamWsm. C{]Imcw Cu A- ab- icocw
AamIpp. {]mW\v Blmcw e`yamImXncpm AXp
icoc-nse [mXp- sfs DWn- - fbpsapXv
A\p`hkn--amb hnjb- amWv. Atm ico-c-ns
nXn {]mW[o\- amb- XpImcWw {]mW\pw AwXs-
bmIpp. AXn\m icoc- n\pw {]mW\pw ]c- kv ]cm{i
b- _ap- Xn\m A- ns Aw nXn- sN
pp Fp ]db-s-Spp. bmsXmcp Cu clkyw
a\-n-emppthm Ah\pXs ico-chpw {]mW\pw
cn-tbpw D]tbmKw icn- bmbn \S- phm Ignbpp.
AXn\m icoc-nsbpw {]mWsbpw hnm\- n
]mc-MvKX\mbph Cu hnm\-ns ^ekzcq]
ambn Fm {]Im- c- n- ep- ap t`mK- h- kv Xp- - fm
bp\pw Ahsb D]tbmKn sImphcp- Xn\p
inbn k- \pambnocpsap ]db- s- ncnpp.
IqSmsX Ah km\-, \m\mhn[ arK, {_-
tX- P- v Chbm k- \mbn alm- \m-bn- o-cpp.
I K
N P
137
Ion, biv Ch temIn hym]n- pIbpw XZzmcm
Ah temIn alm\mbn- ocpIbpw sNpp.
AjvS- am- \p- hmIw
Aw \ ]cnNoX. XZv {hXw. Bt]m hm
Aw. tPymXn-c- mZw. A]vkp tPymXnx {]Xn-jvTn-
Xw. tPymXn-jym]x {]Xn-jv Tn-Xmx. XtZX-Z-at
{]Xn-jvTn-Xw. k b GXZ-at {]Xn-jvTnXw thZ
{]Xn- Xn- jvT- Xn. A hm\- mtZm `h- Xn. alm
`hXn {]Pbm ]ip- `n{_- - hN- tk- \. alm
Ioym.
ChnsS Petbpw tPymXn- n-t\bpw A-cq]ambn
]dpsImv Ahsb Adn- bp-Xn \npm-Ip
^ew ]dbpp. bmsXmcp a\pjy\v Aw apXemb- hbm
k- \mI-W-sav B{Kl-ap-mIppthm Ah
""Rms\m- cn- epw As Ah- tl- fn- p- I- bn- ,
As Zpcp]tbmKs- SppItbm AXns\ Fnens
cq]n Dt]np IfbpItbmbn'' Fp \nbaw
Ahiyw ]men-n-cn--Ww. Hcp GsX-nepw hkvXp
hns\ A\mZcn-bmsWn AXnt\mSv Dt]m_pn
kzoIcnppshn B hkv Xp Ahs\ Hcn- epw hcn
pIbn FpXv km[mcW \nbaw am{XtabmIpp
q. GsX-nepw hkvXphns\ {]m]n--Wsa-n AXn-
t\mSv BZc- _pn {]ISnnt- Xv ]c- a- amb I- hyam
Ipp. Hcp\v Hcp hkvXphn BZc-hn-t-Xmb at\m
`mhw DmIpnsn Ah AXns\ {]m]nWsav
Fn\m{Klnpp? Pew Xs A- amIpp. FpsIm
sm Fmbn-\-n-epap Aw, `y]Zm
, Pen\n-pXs D-hn-pIbpw tPymXn-v,
tXP-v, Xs Cu Pecq]amIp As `n-p
Ibpw sNpp. C{]Imcw As Ahtl- fn-bn-s
p {hXw kzoIcn- psImv apIfn ]dn-cn-p
A-ns Cu XXzs \mbn a\-n-empIbpw
thWw. Anbpw kqcyc-ivan-Ifpw F{]Imcw PeIW
sf timjnnp Ifbppthm AtX {]Imcw icoc- n
ep PT- cmn icoc- nse Pemw-iX-Xzsf timjnn-
pp. Pen tPymXnv {]XnjvTnXambncnpp. CXp
t]mse tXP-nepw Pew nXn-sNpp FpXp
\app {]Xyambn ImWphm Ign- bpp. FpsIm
sm kqcys {]Jc Inc-W- fn nXnsNp
Pew Xs \psS apn hrjvSn-bmbn hjn--s- Sp
p. C{]Imcw Pehpw tXPpw At\ym\ym{ib--fmbn
cnpXp ImcWw A- cq]amb Fm `y]Zm-
fptSbpw Imc- WamIpp; Bb- Xn\m ChXs AhbpsS
cq]n ]cn- Wan-n-cn-pp. AXn- \m cpw Aw
Xs-bmIpp. Cs\ Aw Xs A-n {]Xn-
jvTnX- ambncnpp. bmsXmcp a\pjy Cu XXzw a\- n
emppthm Ah Cu cn-sbpw hnm\- n
\n]pW\mbn `hnpp. FpsImsm Ah\v Cu
cn-sbpw icn- bmb D]tbmKw \S- phm Ign- bpp.
CXns ^eambn Ah Fmhn[ t`mKkma-{Kn- Ifm
k\pw Ahsbmw bYmtbmKyw D]t`mKw \S-p
-Xn Ign-hp- h\pw Bbn-ocpp. AXpImcWw
Ah km\fmepw \m\mhn[ arK- fmepw {_-tX
Pn\mepw k- \mbn alm\mbnocpp. Ah bi
kznbpw Xmc-Wm alm\pambnocpp.
\h- am- \p- hmIw
Aw _lp IhoX. XZv {hXw. ]rYnho hm
Aw. BImtimmZx. ]rYn-hym-amImix {]Xn-
jvTn-Xx. BImti ]rYnho {]Xn-jvTn-Xm. XtZXZ-
at {]Xn-jvTn-Xw. k b GXZ-at {]Xn-jvTnXw
thZ {]Xn-XnjvTXn. A-hm\-mtZm `hXn. alm
`hXn {]Pbm ]ip- `n{_- - h- tk- \. alm
Ioym.
ChnsS BImitbpw `qan-tbbpw A-cq]ambn
]dv AhbpsS XXzs Adn-bp- - Xp-sIm-p
^es hnhcn- pp. bmsXmcp a\pjy\p `y[m\y
karnbmbpmIp-Xn- \p A`nemjw DmIp
pthm, Ah BZyambn Cu {hXn An ZrV
amb Hcp k-ev ]n Fn-bn- cn- Ww "Rm
As hf-sc-b[n-Iambn hn-npw' Fv. GsX-
nepw hkvXphn- t\mSp Aan-X-amb A`ypZbw Xs
AXns\ hf-Wsa-p A`n-emjw Xs, AXns\
BIjnp- Xn- \p Ghpw t{ijvTamb D]mb-amIp
p. bmsXmcp GsXnepsamcp hkvXphns\ Aey
ambn ssIImcyw sNpIbmsWn B hkvXphns\
Ah\v Hcnepw {]m]nphm km[npn AYhm e`y
amIpIbmsWn Xs AXp \ne\npp-an-.
CXn\ptijw ]rYzn Xs A- amsWp A- ns
XXzw icnbmbn a\- nem- Ww. F{Xsbmw A- aptm
Ahsbmw ]rYzn-bn\n-pXs DmIpIbpw Cu
]rYznsb Xntev BIjnpsImn- cnp- Xns B
[mc- `qXamb BImiw Cu A- ns t`mhpw BIp
p. `qan-bn BImiw nXn-sNpp, FpsIms
m AXv khym]n-bmIpp; BImin ]rYzn
nXnsNpp Fp Imcyhpw {]Xy- amIpp. Ch
cpw Hp asmnm[mc- ambncnp- XpImcWw A-
kz-cq]amIpp. ]- a-lm`qX--fn BImiw BZy
tXpw `qan Ahkm\t-Xpamb XXz--fmIpp. CS-
bvp aqp XXz-fpw Chbn AKX--fmWv.
kakvX t`mKy]Zmcq]amb Aw Cu ]- a-lm
_qXfpsS {]h-\-amWv. AXn-\m Chbpw A-
ns cq]n nXn-sNpp. CXpsImv A-
n Xs Aw {]Xn- jv Tn- - s- n- cnpp. bmsXmcp
Cu Imcyw XmXznIambn {Klnppthm ]rYzocq
I K
N P
138
]amb A-n BImicq]amIp Ahpw BImi
cq]amIp A-n ]rYzocq]amIp Ahpw {]Xn-
jvTn- X- ambncn- pp Fv Ah\v BImimZn- bmb ]-
`qXsf bYmtbmKyw D]tbmKnphm Ignbpp. AXn
\m Ah Cu hnjb- n ka\mbpw `hnpp.
Cu hnm\ns ^eambn Ah Fm {]Imc-- fn
epap t`mKyhkvXpfmepw Ahsb D]t`mKn- p- Xn-
\p in-bmepw k--\mbn-o-cpp. AXn-\m
Ah km\- - fm, \m\m- { ]- Im- c- - fn - ep
arKfm, hnZybpsS tXPn\m ka\pw alm\p
ambn-ocpp. Ahs biv temIw apgph hym]n-
pp. AXn-\m Bbpphgn-bmbnpw Ah alm\m
bn- ocpp.
Zi- am- \p- hmIw
\ IwN\ hkXu {]XymNoX. XXv{h-Xw. X
kvamZybm Ibm N hn[bm _lzmw {]m]v\p-bm
Xv . Bcm- ykv am A- an- XymNtX. GXssZz
apJtXmw cmw. apJXmkvam Aw cm[ytX.
GXssZz a[ytXmwcmw. a[ytXmkvam Aw
cm[y- tX. GXZz m AtXmwcm- w.
AtXmkvam Aw cm[ytX. b Ghw thZ.
Cu A\phmIn AXn-Yn-tkhbpsS al-Xzhpw
^ehpw ]dncn- pp. bmsXmcp AXnYn- tkh\-
ns ]q-amb ^ew In-Wsam{Kln-ppthm
Ah BZyambn Xs hon GsXnepw AXnYn B{i
bs B{Klnp hcps- n Xm Hcnepw tamiamb
adp]Sn ]dp aSn Ab-bvpIbn F \nbaw
kzoIcn-Ww. "AXnYn tZthm `h' AXnYnsb tZh_p
n-tbmSpIqSn tkhn-pI F D]tZiw Kpcp apJ-p
\npw thZmyb\w \Sn-bn-p injy\p sImSpp
Ign-n-p-XmWv. C{]Im-c- ap \nbaw ]men-m
am{Xta AXn- Yn-tkh\w kmyamIpIbpq. Cu {hXw
kzoIcnv AXns\ ]menp- Xn\pthn Xsbpw IpSpw
_n-sbpw Bhiyn-\pthn am{X-a-msX GsX-
nepw \ymtbmNn-X-amb am-nqSn hfscb[nIw
Aw D]mn--Ww. [\w, kv , Aw Cs\
icoc- t]mjWn\pthnbp kma{KnIsf kmZnp
-Xn\v F{Xtbm \ymtbmNnXamb amfptm, AXp
t]mse Ign A\phmIfnembn GsXmw D]mb-
]dn- ptm Ah GsX-nepw aptJ\ hf-sc-b[nIw
BlmchkvXp kmZnWw. AXmbXv AXnYn tkh
\-n-\mbn AhiyhkvXp A[n- Iam{X-bn kw`cn-
-Ww. FpsImsm AXnYntkh\w KrtlmNnX
amb kZmNmc- ns HgnpIqSm ]mSnm AwKamIp
p. am\y\pw tbmKy\pamb a\pjy hon hcp AXn
YntbmSv C{]Imcw ]dbpp "hcp, hcp, Ccnp, `Ww
Xmdmbn-cn-pp. `Ww Ignmepw.' Fn--s\.
"R-fpsS lrZb- n \np \Ip-Xn\p \
`Wtam XmaknpXn\p etam C' Fv Atlw
Hcnepw ]dbpIbn- . bmsXmcp Xs Krl-n- em
KX-\mIp AXn-Ynsb AXy[n-Iamb BZc-kmc-
]qw D- a`mhtmSpIqSn \ hkvXp- fm tkh\w
sNppthm Ahs\ {i- tbmSpIqSn Dmnbnp
t`mP-\hkvXp-fm Xr]vX- \m-s- Sppthm Ah\pw
D-a-`mKn Aw e`yamIpp. AXmbXv Ah\p
t`mKy-]Zm-fpsS k-mZ\-n IjvS-s-tS
Bhiyw DmIpn-. AXnYn tkh\- ns {]`mh
n \npw Ah\p bmsXmn-tbpw Ipd- hpmIpn
. Abm- fpsS Fm Bhiyfpw A\m- bm- kambn
]qoIcnsSpp. Ah hon hcp AXnYnsb
a[y`mhtmSpIqSnbmWp k-cnp-sX- n, AXm
bXp km[m- c- W- co- Xn - bn `Ww \Ip- Ibpw
{]tXyIamb _lpam\- sampw {]ISn- n- mXn- cn- pIbp
amsWn Ah\pw km[mc-WcoXnbn Aw e`yamIp
p. AXmbXv Ahkv {XmZnIfpsS kw`c- Wn km[m
c-Wbn Ihnv _pn- apt-Xmbn hcpp. GXp `mh
tmSpIqSn Ah AXn-Ynp \Ippthm AtX`mh
tmSpIqSn A{Xbpw Ipdhmb BZc- thmSpIqSn B hkvXp
e`npp. CXpt]mseXs Ana`mhtmSpIqSn
AXmbXv bmsXmcphn-[-amb BZchpw {]ISn-n-msX
\nmc- `mhn `mc- -]ambn- -cpXn AXn-Yntkh\w \S-
pIbmsWn Ah \nIrjv S`mhtmSpIqSn A{i
-ambn Xmdm- s `Ww \In k- cnpIbm
sWn Ah\pw AtXcoXnbnep ]Zm AtX
`mhtmSpIqSn e`n- pp. AXmbXv Ahsb {]m]np
-Xn\v Ah hf- scb[nIw IjvSs- tSXmbn hcpp.
BfpIsf apJ- kv XpXnbm ktmjnnt- Xmbn hcp
p. bmsXmcp C{]Imcw Cu cl- kys {Kln-p
pthm Ah Daamb coXbn hnip- amb `mhtm
SpIqSn AXnYntkh\w \Sn ktm- aamb ^ew {]m
]np- p.
kw_w C\n ]c- ammhns hn`qXn- cq]tmSpIqSn
k{X Nnn- t- Xmb hn[s \ntinpp.
ta CXn hmNn. tbmKta CXn {]mWm]m
\-tbmx. ItXn lkvX- tbmx. KXn-cnXn ]mZtbmx.
hnapn-cnXn ]mbu. CXn am\pjox. kammx.
AX ssZhox. Xr]vXn-cn-Xn. hrjvSu. _eanXn hnZyp
Xn. bi CXn ]ipjp. tPymXn-cnXn \t{X- jp.
{ ]Pm- Xn - c- ar- X- am- \ CXyp - ]- t. k- an -
XymImti.
ChnsS ]c-ta- iz-cs hn`qXn-Isf kwt]ambn
hnncnpp. kXykzcq]amb hmWnbn Biohm
ZmZnIaqew c \Ip- Xn\p in {]XoXamIpp
thm, AXns cq]n AhnsS ]c-ammhns nXn-
bpmIpp. {]mW\nepw A]m\- \nepw Poht\m]tbmKn
I K
N P
139
bmb hkvXpsf BIjnp- Xn\pw Pohs\ cnp
- Xn\pap GsXmcp inbpmbncnppthm AXpw
]c-ammhns AwiamIpp. AtX-{]Imcw ssIIfn
{]hnp-Xn- \p inbpw ]mZ- fn Nenp-
Xn- \p inbpw aeZzmc-n aehnk-\-n\p
inbpw ]c- ammhnt-XmIpp. Cu Fm iIv XnIfpw
]ctaizcs in-bpsS Hcwiw Xs-bmWv. CsXmw
ImWp a\pjy ]c- taizcs k- bn hnizknpI
Xs thWw. CXv am\pjn- Iamb alna-bmWv. AXmbXv
a\pjys icoc- n {]XoX-amIp ]c-amm-hns
in-bpsS kwt-]n ZnKvZi\w sNs-Spp.
CXns\ BymnIamb (icoc- kw_n) D]mk\- sbp
]dbpp. CXpt]mse Xs ssZhnI]Zmfn {]Xy
-ambn ImW-s- Sp insb hn- pp. CXv
ssZhnI (B[nssZhnI) amb D]mk\- bmWv . hrjvSnbn
bmsXmcphn[- amb AmZnIsf D- hn-np- Xn\pw Pe
{]Zm\w aqew AJn-etbpw Xr]vXn- s-Spp- Xn- \p
inbpw \{X- fn AXmbXv kqcy, N{, Xmcm
KW Chbn ImWsSp {]Imifpw enwKn
\ne\np kmt\mev ]mZ\- inbpw hocycq]n
cbpw B\-hpw \Ip-Xn-\p inbpw AXp
t]mse BImin Fmn-s\bpw \ne\np
inbpw k hym]IXz-n-sbpw As\ Fm
{]Imc-n-epap inbpw ]c-ta-iz-cs ANn-yhpw
A]mc- hpamb inbpsS GtXm Hcw-ins {]kv ^p
cWw am{X-amIpp. Chsbmw Iv a\pjy k{X
GI\mb ]c- ammhns hym]IXbpsS clkyw a\-n-
em- Ww.
kw_\v[w C\n hnhn[ `mh- tfmSpIqSn \S- s- Sp
D]mk\IfpsS ^eklnXamb h\w \S- s- Spp
XXv {]Xn-jvtTXyp-]mkoX. {]Xn-jvTmhm `h
Xn. Xl CXyp- ]m- ko- X. alm `h- Xn. X\
CXyp-]mkoX . am\- hm `h-Xn. Xa CXyp-]m
koX. \aytkvssa Imamx. XZv {_t- Xyp]m-
koX. {_-hm `hXn. XZv {_Wx ]cn-ac CXyp
]mkoX. ]tcyWw {anbt Zznjx k]Xv\mx. ]cn
tb{]nbm {`mXrhymx.
Cu a{n kImtam]mk\- bpsS `n- - fmb ^e
sf hnhcn-pp. {]XnjvT B{Kln-p ]pcpj
Xs D]mkytZhs {]Xn- jvTbpsS cq]n D]mk\
\S--s. AXmbXv "B D]mkytZh Xs Fmn-
sbpw {]XnjvT AJnen- sbpw B[mcw' BIpp.
Cu `mh\tbmSpIqSn Atls Nnn- s. temIn
A-s\-bp D]mkI\v {]XnjvT e`n-pp. alXzw
{]m]n-p-Xn-\pthn Xs D]mkytZhs\ "alm'
Fp IcpXn Atls D]mknpp Fn Ah
alm\mbn- ocpp, al-Xzs {]m]npp. Xs D]m
kytZhs\ alm a\kzn Fp IcpXn a\\in {]m]n
p- Xn\pthn AXns\ D]mknpp Fn B D]m
kI \\w sNp-Xn\p hntijinsb {]m]np
p. C{]Imcw bmsXmcp Xs D]mkytZhXsb \a
kv mc-tbmKy\mb inimen-bmbncpXn A-s\-
bp in {]m]np-Xn\pthn Atls D]mkn
pp Fn Ah kzbw \akv mc-tbmKy\mbno
cpp. Fm A`nemjfpw ssIIqn Ahs apn
\npp. Fm t`mKfpw kzb- ambn Ahs Nc-W
-fn ]Xnpp. A\mbmkambns Fm t`mKh
kvXpfpw Ah\p e`yamIpp. bmsXmcp Xs D]m
kytZhs\ Ghpw henb km[mc-amb {_w Fp
IcpXn AXns\ {]m]np- Xn\pthn D]mk\ \Spp
Fn Ah {_-m\n-bmbn-ocpp, AXmbXv
kinam\mb ]c-taizc Ahs kz- ambnocp
p. Ah[o\- ambn `hnpp. bmsXmcp Xs D]m
kytZhXsb {_whgn- bmbn Fmnt\bpw kwl- cn-
Wsap \n- bns A[nImcntZh Fp IcpXn D]m
kn- pIbmsWn Aht\mSp hntZz- jap Fm i{Xp
fpw kzbw \in-pp. AXpt]mse bmsXmcp
Ahs A]Imcn- Ifpw A{]nb- cpamb _p Bbn-
cnpphtem Ahcpw \inpt]mIpp. hmkv Xhn
GsXnepw cq]n GsXnepw D]mkytZhXsb D]m
knpIbmsWn AXv {]Imcmc- ambn ]c-{_ ]c-
ta- iz-cs D]mk\X-s-bmIpp. Fm kIma- cmb
a\pjy Am\him Cu clkyw {KlnmXncn- p
- XpImcWw `n- `n-inIfm bp-amb `n `n
tZhXIfpsS `n- `n A`n-emj- fpsS- kn- n- pthn
D]mk\ \Snsmn- cn- p-p. AXn-\m Ah
bYmKpW- fm hnXcmbnocpp. AXpsImv
a\pjy Cu clkyw \mbn {Klnv AJn-etZhmcp
tSbpw tZh\mb kinam\mb ]c-ammhns D]m
k\ Atls s {]m]np- Xn\pthn sNs.
Atl- n\npw asmpw B{Kln- cpXv.
kw_w GI\mb ]c- ammhv k{X ]cn]q- \m
Ipp. Cmcyw {Klnv Atls {]m]np- XpsIm
p ^ehpw {]m]np- hcpsS nXnbpw hn- p
p.
k bmbw ]pcptj bm- km- hm- ZntXy k
GIx. k b Ghw- hn- Xv . Akv amtm- ImXv t{]- Xy.
GXa a- b- am- m\ap]kw-{I- ay. GXw {]mW-a-
b-XvZa-\-ap]kw- {I-ay. GXw at\m-a-b-am-m\ ap]
kw- {I- ay. GXw hnm- \- a- b- am- m\ ap]wkw
{Iay. GXam-\-ab amm\ ap]kw-{Iay. Camw-
tmImImamo Ima-cq]y \pkw-Nc. GXvkm
Xa Kmb-mkvtX.
GsXmcp ]c-ammhns\ krjvSn-nXn kwlmc--
fpsS Imc- Wambn apt hnp Ign-n-cnppthm
bmsXm- cp- ]c- am- \- - kz- cq- ]- \m- bn- cn- p- p- thm,
I K
N P
140
Atlw Cu ]pcpj\n AXmbXv a\pjycnepw kqcy
\nepw HpX- s- bmIpp. AXmbXv Fm Pohn- Ifnepw
Acymanbmbn hncmPnpXv Htc Hcp ]c- ammhp Xs
bmIpp. hnhn-[-cq]-fn Atl- ns {]Imi\w
kw`hn-psImncnpp. bmsXmcp a\pjy Cu XXzw
\mbn {Klnppthm Ah ham\ icocs Dt]
np-Xn\pta, A-ab Bmhv, {]mWa- b- Bm
hv, at\mab Bmhv, hnm\- ab B-hv, B\-- ab
Bmhv Fo \ma- - fm B ]cam\- -kz- cq]amb ]c-
{_s {]m]n- pp. Chsbmw {]m]nnv AXmbXv
qekqv at`Z- tfmSpIqSn bmsXmv Hns A-
cmmhmbnv \m\mcq]n nXn- sNpIbpw AJn- e
n- sbpw A- cyman-bmbn ]a- cm\-kz-cq-]ambn- cn-p
pthm Atls {]m]nnv a\pjy ]cym]vXamb t`mK
kma{KnIfm bpcpw Cm\pkc- Wap cq]sf [cn
p-Xn-\p in-bm kcpw Bbn-ocpp.
AtXmSpIqSn-s Cu temI-fn Npn--cn-p
sImv kaXmbp- amb `mhtfmSpIqSnb kma- Km\w
Be]n- psImp hknpp.
kw_w Ahs B\- -aamb a\- n bmsXmv
ka- XbptSbpw kcq]X-bptSbpw `mhw DWnsm
n- cnppthm AXns\ hnpp.
lmhp lmhp lmhp. Al-a--a-l-a--a-l-a-w.
Al-a-mtZmla- mtZmlav\m-Zx. Alw tmI-
Ir-Zlw tmI-Ir-Zlw tmI-Ir-Xv. Al-akvan {]Y-
aPm EXmky. ]qw tZtht`ymarXky \m`mbn.
tbm am ZZmXn k CtZham-hmx. Al-a--a aZ
amZvan. Alw hnizw `ph\ a`y`-hmw. kph
tPymXox. b Ghw thZw CXyp]\n-jXv.
B alm]pcpjs nXn icoc- n- embncnpn- .
Ah icoc- n \npw Ghpw apIfn- embpbv ]c-
ammhns\ {]m]npp. Cmcyw BZyambn ]dnv
AXn- \p- tijw Cu kma- Km- \s hn- p- p.
CXn\npw ]c-ammhnt\mSpIqSn sFIyw {]m]n-pI
gn alm]pcpjs Cu ]mht\mZvKmcw Ahs hnip
-amb AxIc-Wn \npw ]pd- s-n-cn-pXpw
AXns AeuInI aln- asb kqNn- n- p--Xp-amWv
FXv {]ISamIpp. "lmhp' F ]Zw B- cytZymX- I
amb Ahybw BIpp. B alm]pcpj ]dbpp. CXp
hfsc BcyIc- amb kwKXnbmIpp. Fm t`mKhkv Xp
fpw Ahsb A\p`hn-p Pohmmhpw Ch cn-
t\bpw kwtbmPn- n- p ]c-ta-iz-c\pw Rm Xs-bm
Ipp. Rm Xs Cu {]Xyambn ImWsSp PK
n tZhX- Ipw apmbn Fmnepw {][m\- ambn
{]Xyamb {_hpw BIpp. ]c-am\- kz-cq]amb
Aar- X- n s tI{ - amb ]c- {_- - ]- c- taiz c\pw
Fn\npw `n- \mbncnpn. AXn\m Atlhpw
Rm Xs- bmIpp. bmsXmcp GsXnepw hkvXp
hns cq]n Fs Bs-nepw {]Zm\w sNp
pthm Ah Fs sImSppsImpXs Fs
cnpp. AXmbXv k ]m{Xnep t`mKy]Zm
- fpsS Zm\wXs Atls cnphm\p ktm
- aamb amw CXn\p hn]coX- ambn bmsXmcp X\n
pthns A- cq]- fmb Fm hkvXp- tfbpw
A\p`hnpphthm Ahs\ Rm A- cq]ambnp hngp
p-p. AXmbXv Ahs hn\mi kw`hn-pp
Ahs t`mKhkvXp \ne\npn. Rm kakvX
{_mWv Utbpw Xnc-kv Icn- p-h\mIpp. Fs
aln- a-bpsS Xpe\- n Chsbmw Xp-fmIp-p.
Fs {]Imins teiam{X-amb Hcp _np kqcy\p
XpeyamIpp. AXmbXv {]]n {]Imibp--
fmb F{Xtbm hkvXp- fpv. Ahsbmw Xs Fs
tXP- ns AwiamIpp. bmsXmcp C{]Imcw ]c-
am- XXzs {Klnppthm Ah\pw CtX nXnXs
{]m]npp.
imn- ]mTw
Hmw iw t\m an{Xx iw hcp-Wx. iw t\m `hXz-
cyam. iw \ Ct{m _rl- kv]Xnx. iw t\m hnjvWp
cp- cp- {I- ax. \tam { _- tW. \akv tX hmtbm
Xzmtah {]Xyw {_mhm-Zn-jw. EXa-hmZnjw.
kXy- a- hm- Zn-jw. Xm- am- ho- Xv . XZz-mc amho- Xv .
Bhomw BhoZz-mcw.
Hmw imnx! imnx !! imnx !!!
CXns Aw inmhnbpsS ZzmZim\phmIn
sImSpn- pv.
Q
I K
N P
141
imn- ]mTw
Hmw kl \mhh-Xp. kl \u `p\-p. kl
hocyw Ic-hmhssl. tXP-kzn-\mh[oX-a-kvXp. am
hnZznjm hssl.
Hmw imnx ! imnx !! imnx !!!
tl ]c-am-! Kpcp-in-jymcmb R cp
t]pw Fm-{]Imc-n-epap kwc-Ww Ap
\Inbmepw. R cpt]cptSbpw ]cn]me\w Ap
kapNn-X-amb coXn-bn \S-n- bmepw. R cp
t]pw Fmhn-[-n-epap _ew kwkn--amItW.
Ayb\w \S-n-bn-p R-fpsS hnZy tXPx-]q-
ambn `hn--tW. Hcn- epw BtcmSpw hnZybn ]cmPn- X-
cmImsXbpw PohnXImew apgph ]c-kv ]c- kv t\-lkq{X
m _nXcmbpw R hkntW. Rp ]c-
kv]ctam A\ycmbn-phtcmtSm Hcn-epw hntZzjw
DmImXncn- tW. tl ]c- am. aqpXm]pw
imnbpmtW!
{]Y- am- ymbw
lcnx Hmw {_-hmZnt\m hZn
1. Inw ImcWw {_ IpXxkva PmXm
Pohma tI\ Iz N kw{]XnjvTmx
A[n-jvTnXmx tI\ kptJ-Xtc-jp
hm-atl {_-hntZm hyhmw.
"lcnx Hmw' C{]Imcw ]c-ammhns \mtammc-W
tmSpw B ]c-{_]c-ta-iz- cs kvac-WtbmSpw IqSn
D]\njv Bcw- `npp
]c- {_ ]c- ammhns\ Adn- bp-Xn\pw {]m]np-
Xn\pwthn Atl- s- n N sNbvXpsImncnp
Ipdp PnPv Rmkp ]c-kv ]cw ]dbphm XpSn: ""
Atbm thZ- cmb aljnamtc, Cu kakv X PKn
sbpw ImcWw {_-amsWn B {_lvaw GXmWv?
\- sfmw Bcn\npw DXv `hnp? \psS aqew
FmWv ? BcpsS {]`mhw sImv \mw Pohnncnpp?
\psS Pohs B[mcw BcmIpp? \psS ]q-
nXn FnemWv ? AXmbXv \mw Pohn- p- Xn- \papv
`qX-Imen D-hn-Xn-\ptijw h-am\Ime
nepw AXn-\pti-jhpw {]f- b-Ime-n Bcn
tizXmizXtcm] \njv
1
3
nXnsNbv Xn- cpp? \psS ]c- aamb B{ibw BcmWv?
AXpt]mse \psS A[n-jvTmXmhv \app hyh
Isfmw sNbvXpsImncn- pXv Bcv? bmsXmcp
-\m cNn--s hyhIf\pkcnv \sfmw
kpJ-ZpxJf-\p`hn-psIm-n- cn-pp. As\ Cu
kq PKns kphyh-I sNbvXpsImv
CXns\ \bn- p- sIm- n- cn- p CXns bP- am- \
BcmWv?
2. Imex kz`mthm \nb-Xnb-Zrm
`qXm\n tbm\nx ]pcpj CXn Nnym
kwtbmK Gjmw \ Xzm `mhm
Zmm-]y\oix kpJZpxJ-tl-tXmx.
thZimkv {X- - fn At\Iw Imc- W hnn- cn
pp Fv Ah ]dbp-hm XpS-n. Nnebn- Sv
Imes Imc-Wambn ]d-n-cn- pp. FpsIms
m Hmtcmtcm ka-b--fn-embn hkvXp-fpsS D-
hs IpsImncnpp. NnebnSv kz`mhs Imc
Wambn ]dbpp; FpsImsm _oPn\-\pkc-
W-am-bn- s hr-ns D- n- bpmIp- p.
bmsXmcp hkvXphn bmsXmv kzm`mhnIinbmbncn
ppthm AXn\npw AXns Imcyhpw D-hnp
-Xmbn- -phcpp. AXn- \m hkvXpKX- amb in-
cq]w bmsXmcp kz`mhambncn- ppthm AXpImc-Wam
Ipp Fv hy- amIpp. NnebnSp Is Imc-
Wambn ]dbpp. FpsImsm Im\pkc- Wam
bns PohnI `n- - fmb tbm\nIfn `n- - fmb
kz`mhmZnIfm bp- cmbn P\npp. NnebnSv BI
kvanI kw`hsf AXmbXp hn[nsb Imc-Wambn ]d
ncn- pp. NnebnSp ]- alm`qXtfbpw Nnebn
Sp Pohmmhn-s\bpw PKns Imc- Wambn hn-
n-cn- pp. AXn-\m CXns ImcWw BcmWv Fp
\app Nnn-- Ww. Nnn-Xn\npw a\- nemphm
km[npXv Imew apX ]- alm`qX hsc ]dn
cn- p PU]Zm- sfmpw PKns Imc- WamIp
n-s-mWv. Ahp {]tXyIw {]tXyIamtbm Iq-
amtbm PKns Imc- WamIphm km[ya. FpsIm
sm Chsbmw PUhkvXp-fmbXpaqew tNX-
\[o\-amIpp. Chbn kzX- {ambn {]hn- p-
Xn\p inbn. bmsXmcp PUhkv XpfpsS kwtbm
Kn\npw ]pXn- b- Xmbn Hcp hkvXp DmIppthm
AXv AXns kmeItN\- X- bmb Bmhns Xs
I K
N P
142
A[o\- nepXpw A\p`hnm\p- XpamIpp. CXns\-
qSmsX ]pcpj AXmbXv Pohmmhv PKns Imc-
WamIpn. FpsImsm AXp kpJ- ZpxJ- fpsS
tlXp`qX- fmb {]mc_v[[o\- amWv. AXn\pw kzX
{-ambn Hpw sNphm Ign-bpn-. AXn-\m Imc-
WXXzw astm BWv.
kw_w C{]Imcw Nnnnv Ah FpXocpam\np?
CtXn ]dbpp
3. tX [ym\-tbmKm\p-KXm A]iy
tZhm-inw kzKpssW \nKpVmw
bx Imc-Wm\n \nJn-em\n Xm\n
Imembpm\y[nXn-jv TtXy- Ix.
C{]Imcw Nnn- Xn-\ptijhpw bpn-bmepw A\p
am\-mepw Ahv Hcp Xocp-am\- n-sen-- cphm
km[n-msX h-tm Ahscmw [ym\-tbmKn
nXcmbn AXmbXv X-fpsS a\- n-t\bpw C{n-b- -
tfbpw _mlyhnjb- - fn \npw ]nmn ]c- {_s
Adn- bp-Xn\v Atl- s- s Nnn-n- cn- p- Xn
X- c- cmbnop. [ym\np [ym\nv Ahv ]camm
hns alnabpsS A\p`hw Dmbn. Ah ]c- atZh\mb
]c- {_ ]c- taizcs kzcq]`qXamb ANnyZnhyin
bpsS kmmXvmcw {]m]n-p. bmsXmv XtdXmb
KpW-fm kXz-c-Pkv Xa-pIfm ad-b- s-n-cn-p
pthm AXmbXv ImgvNbvp {XnKpWambn-msWnepw
hmkvX-hn {XnKpWpw AXoX-ambn-cn-pp.
Atm Ah Imew apX Bmhphsc F{Xtbm Imc-
W ap]p ]dncppthm, B Fm Imc- W-fp
tSbpw A[njvTmXmhp bmsXmcp- \mIppthm AXmbXv
Ahsbmw BcpsS Bbpw t{]c- Wbpw aqew bmsXm
cps in-bpsS GtXm Aev]mwiw sImv Xmm
- fpsS I- sf A\pjv Tn- p-Xn ka-cmbncn-
ppthm B GIkin-am\mb ]c-taizcXs
Cu PKns hmkvXhnI Imc- WamIpp. ap bmsXm
cp-\pa Fp Xocpam\- n Ahsc- ntp.
4. Xta-It\aow {XnhrXw tjmUimw
iXm[mcw hnwiXn-{]-Xycm`nx.
AjvSssIx jUv`nhn-iz-cqss]-I]miw
{XnamK-t`Zw Zzna-\n-an-ss-Itamlw.
Cu a{n hnizs N{Icq]n hn- n-cn-
pp. ]c-{_-]c-taiz- cs kzcq]`qX- amb ANnyi
nsb Zinnp Ejnam ]dbpp R Hcp hf-
b- n Dd-nncn- p N{Is Ip. Cu hfb-n
B N{I- ns Imep- Ifw IShpw Dd-n- phm\pw
N{Is bYmm\p LSn- nphm\pw km[n- pp.
ChnsS Ahy {]IrXnsb hfbw Fp ]dbpp; Fp
sImsm AXpXs Cu hy- amb {]]- ns
aqetam B[mctam BIpp. N{Ins kpcnXXzn
\pthn AXn-t teml-hfbw Dd-n-n-cn- p- Xp
t]mse Cu Ahy-{]Ir-Xn- cq]amIp hf-bn-t
kXzw, cPv Xav Cu aqp KpW Xs aqp
hf-b-fmbn-cn-pp. `Khms ANn-yin aqp
KpWfm ad- bv- s- ncnpp Fv t\cs ]d-p
Ignncn- pp. N{Ins hfbw {]tXyIw {]tXyIw
`mK- fmbn tN- s- ncnp- Xpt]mseXs kwkmc-
cq]amIp N{Ins {]Ir-Xn-cq]amIp hf- b-n
a\-v, _pn, Almcw, AXpt]mse BImiw, hmbp,
tXP-v, Pew, `qan Fo Fp kqv a-X-Xz-fpw Ch
bpsSXs Fp qecq]fpw C{]Imcw ]Xn\mdp`m
K-fpv. AXpt]mseXs F{]Imcw N{In Imep
I LSn- nn- cnppthm AXmbXv bmsXmv Hcp `mK
p\nv hfb-ns Hcp `mKp LSn- npIbpw adp
`mKw N{Ins IpS-n LSn-n-pIbpw sNbvXn-cn-
pphthm AtX- {]ImcwXs Cu kwkmc- N{In
AxIc-Wns hrn- IfmIp A]Xn- \- p
A]Xp ImepIfpsS m\-fpw ]- alm`qX- - fpsS
Imcyw ]n-{n-b-fpw ]hn-jbfpw ]{]m
W\pw Cu Ccp]Xp klmbImepIfpsS m\fpw
BIpp. Cu N{In Fsp hoXap km[-\- -tfm
SpIqSnb Bdp kaql- Ahb- hcq]n hncmPnp
p. Ch Bsdv F t]cn hnfn- s-Spp. Pohn- Isf
Cu N{In _nnSp- Xmbn At\- Icq]n {]I
S- amIp Bkn- cq]n- ep Hcp Xqpa-c-apv . tZh
bm\w, ]nXrbm\w, Cu temIn Hcp tbm\nbn \npw
asmcp tbm\nbntep t]mIp- Xn\p amw C{]Imc-
ap aqp-am--fpv. ]pWyIfpw ]m]I
fpw Cu Pohn-Isf Cu N{ItmSpIqSn Idp-Xn-
\p \nan--fpw AXn ImepI Dd- p\np
\m`n AYhm IpSw Am\hpw BIpp. Cu IpSw N{I
ns tI{- ambncnp- Xpt]mseXs Am\w Cu
temIns tI{hpw BIpp.
5. ]-kvtdmtXmw_pw ]-tbm\y{Kh{Imw
]-{]m-tWmanw ]-_pymZn- aqemw
]mhmw ]-Zpx-JuLthKmw
]miZvt`Zmw ]]ma-[o-ax.
Cu a{n kwkmcs \Zn-bpsS cq]n
hnncnpp. {_- m\nIfmb B aljnam ]d
bpp Ap mt\- {nb- - fmIp t{kmXtmSpIq
Snb \Znsb R IpsImn-cnpp. {]]- ns
PvRm\w Ap mt\- {nb hgn- bmbn Rp
e`n-pp. ChbnIqSn- s {]]w {]hln-psIm
n-cn-pp. AXn-\m C{nbsf ChnsS t{kmXv
Fp ]dbpp. Cu C{-b Ap kqv a`qX--
fm \nn--s--hbmWv. CXn-\m Cu \Znv Av
DZv Ka- m\ Dsp IcpX- s-Spp. Cu \ZnbpsS
I K
N P
143
{]hmlw hfsc `bc-amIpp. Cu {]hml- n ]Xn-
p-XpsImp IqsSqsS P\- \- ac- Wtisf A\p
`hntn hcpp. temIns KXn Ghpw h{IXtbm
SpIqSn- b-XmWv ; Im]Sy \ndXmWv. CXn\npw
cs- SpI hfsc {]bmkta-dnb ImcyamWv. AXn-\m
Cu kwkmc-cq]amIp \Znsb h{IX Fp ]d-bpp.
{]]-PohnIfn kw`hnpsImn- cn tNjv SIfpw
Ne\-fpw {]mWaqew kw`- hn- p-p. AXn- \m
{]mWs\ `hkcnns XcwKameItfmSp]anncnpp.
\Znbnse tImfn- fw Xcw- K- fm kw`hnpp. ]-
mt\-{nbZzmcm kw`hn-p NmpjmZn Ap
{]Imcfnep m\-- fptSbpw BZn- ImcWw a\- m
Ipp. Fm m\- fpw a\-ns hrn-I Xs-
bmIpp. a\-pmbncn- pnsn C{-b F{X
am{Xw {ianmepw bmsXmcphn[nepap m\w {]m]n
phm km[np- X- . Cu a\v kwkmc- cq]amIp
\Zn-bpsS aqeamIpp. a\v imn-bSm \in-
pIgnm Cu {]]ns AkvXnXzw Cu cq]
n \ne\npn-. a\v \ne\np-Xphsc
kwkmc- N{Ihpw \ne\npp. C{nb- -fpsS i_vZw,
kv ]iw apXemb Aphn- jb- Xs Cu kwkmc-
cq]amIp \Zn-bnse Npgn-IfmIpp. CXn AIsv
Pohn-I P\-\- a-cW N{In ]Xn-pp. K`thZ\,
P\-\- ZpxJw, hmyIyns thZ\, tcmKw-aqeap
ZpJw, ac-W`bw Cu An\- n- ep ZpxJ-Xs
Cu \Zn-bnse {]hml-ns thKX-bmIpp. ChbpsS
XtemSsImv PohnI hymIpecmIpIbpw Cu tbm\n
bn\nv asmcp tbm\nbn- tev Aep\- S-pIbpw
sNpp. Am\w, Almcw, cmKw, tZzjw, arXyp
`bw Cu Aphn[- nep ti Cu kwkmc- cq
]\Zn-bpsS Aphn-`mK-fmIpp. CXpt]mse Xs
Aphn- `mK-fnembn Cu {]]hpw hn`Pn--s-ncn-
pp. Cu An-sbpw Iqw-Xs kwkmc-ns
kzcq]hpw AxIc-Wns A\-]Xphr-n-I Cu
\Zn- bpsS A]Xp cq]- fpw BIp- p. Ax- I-
cWns hrn-Isf FSppsImpXs kwkmc-
ns t`Zsf a\- nempp.
6. khmPot kkwt _rlt
Akvan lwtkm {`maytX {_-Nt{I
]rY- Kmm\w t{]cn-Xmcw N aXzm
Ppjv S- kvX-X-kvtX-\mar- X-Xz- ta-Xn.
bmsXm- ns\ t\cs hn- p- I- gn - pthm
bmsXmv AJn- en- sbpw Poh\-\nl- Wns
tlXphmbn-cn-ppthm bmsXmv kakvX Pohn-Ifp
sSbpw B{ib- ambncnppthm. A- s\- bp PKZv cq]
amIp {_-N{In ]c- {_-]c- ammhn\m \S-
s-SpXpw ]c-ammhns Xs-bmb hncmSv icoc-cq]
amIp kwkmc-N{In Cu Pohmmhv Xs I
\pkc- Wambn B ]c- ammhn\m Id- s- psIm
n- cnp- XpamIpp. Cu Pohmmhv Xs kmeI\p
a\- nemn Atl- ns Ir]m]m{XambnocmXncnp
-Xphscbpw Xs-s Atl-ns {]nb-\mn-
op-Xphscbpw CXn\v Cu N{In \npw
tamN\w t\Sp- hm km[- p- n- . Cu Pohm- mhv
Xsbpw Fmn-tbpw t{]c-I\mb ]c-ammhns\
\mbpw {]tXyIw {]tXyIambpw a\nempIbpw At
l-ns IdsImv Rm Cu kwkmc- N{In
Idnsmn-cn-pp Fpw Atl- ns Ir]bm
Xs tamNn-- s-Sphm km[npsapw a\-n-emp
Ibpw sNptm ]c-ta-iz-cs {]nb-\mbnv Atl-
m kzoImcy\mbn `hnpp. ]ns Aac- Xzs {]m]n
pIbpw P\- \- a-c- Wcq]- am- Ip kwkm- c- N- {I- n
\npw Fs- t- bv pambn tamN\w t\SpIbpw ]caim
n- tbbpw AXp-t]mseXs k\mX-\- Zn- hy- ]c- a-[m-a-
sbpw {]m]npIbpw sNpp.
7. DZvKoX-ta-XXv ]caw Xp {_
Xkvanw kv{Xbw kp{]Xn-jvTmcw N.
A{Xmcw {_-hntZm hnZnXzm
eo\m {_Wn XXv]cm tbm\n-apmx
bmsXmnsd alna thZfn Km\w sNs- ncn-
p- pthm bmsXmcp ]c-{_ ]c- am- mhv AJn- e-
nsbpw ktm-a- amb B{ib- ambn- cn-ppthm
Atl- ns {XntemIfptSbpw kapZmb-cq]am
Ip kakv X hnizhpw kv YnXnsNpp. Atlw Xs
apIfn ]dn- cnp kIensbpw t{]c- I\pw Hcn
epw \mianm ]c- amc\pw ]c- atZh\pw BIpp.
bmsXmcp [ym\-tbmKn nX- cmbnp ]c-amm
hns Znhyinsb ZinpIbpw thZcl- kys {Kln
p- Ibpw sNbv Xn- cp- pthm B aljn- am Fm-
nsdbpw t{]cI\mb B ]cammhns\ XfpsS lrZ
b--fn A- cymanbmb cq]tmSpIqSn hncmPnpp
Fp a\-n-emn, Atl-n Bk-cmb Atl-
n eo\-cmbn Fs-tbvpw P-a-c-W tbm\n-I
fn\npw ap- cmbnocpp. AhcpsS ams A\p
Icnv \aps-mhpw Ah-sc-tmse P\-\- a-c-W-
fn\np tamN\w {]m]nnv ]c- ammhn eo\cmIphm
Ign- bpp.
kw_w C\n B ]c- ammhns kzcq]s hn
nv Atls Adnbp- XpsImpmIp ^ew hnh
cnpp
8. kwbp--ta-XXv c-a-cw N
hym-hyw `ctX hniz-aoix
A\oimm _[ytX t`mr- `mhmPv
mXzm tZhw apNytX k]mssix.
I K
N P
144
hn\mi kz`mhtmSpIqSnb PUhw `Khms A]
cm{]Ir-Xn-sbpw c-X-Xz-sapw ]db- s-SpIbpw `K
hms ]cm{]Ir-Xn-cq]amb Pohk-apZmbw A-c-X-Xz-
ns \matmSpIqSn hnfn- - s- SpIbpw sNpp. Ch
cntbpw kwtbmKn\n- pmb {]IShpw (q
ew) A{]IS-hpw (kqvaw)amb cq]n nXamb Cu
PKns\ B ]c-{_ ]pcptjm-a Xs ]cn]men-
p-h\pw kzmanbpw t{]c-I\pw AXpt]mse Fmn-
s\bpw bYmtbmKyw Nen- np- h\pw \nb- {np- h
\pamb ]c-ta-iz-c-\mIpp. Pohmmhv Cu PKns
hnjb- -fpsS t`mmhmbncn- - XpImcWw {]IrXn- -
[o\- amb CXns taml- Pme- fn Ipcpn- gnbpIbpw
]c-atZh\mb ]c-ammhns t\tc Zrjv SnbpbmsX-
bncn- pIbpw sNpp. Hcph B k kplrmb
]c- ammhns Assl- XpIamb Zb- bm alm]pcpjm
cpsS _w e`n- nv Atls Adnbp- Xn- \p A`n-
emjtmSpIqSn ]q-ambn ]cn{ianptm B ]c-a
tZ- h- \mb ]c- ta- iz- cs\ Adn- nv Fm _- -
fn\npw \nXyambn cs- Spp.
kw_w hopw Pohmmhv, ]cammhv, {]IrXn Cu
aqnsdbpw kzcq]s {]tXyIw {]tXyIw hn- n-
v, Cu XXzs {Klnv D]mknp- XpsImp ^ew
ASp cp a{--fn- embn hnhcn- pp.
9. mu Zzmhm-ho-i\oim
hPm tlyIm t`mr- t`mKymbpm.
A\mm hniz-cqt]m lyIm
{Xbw bZm-hn-tX {_-ta-X- Xv.
Cuizc k\pw kin- am\pw BIpp;
Pohn-I Aev]-cpw Aev]in-tbmSpIqSn-bhcpw
BIpp, Ch cpw AP-m-fmWv. Chsb- qSmsX
aqma-sXmcp inbpw APmhmbpv. AXns\ {]Ir-
Xnsbp ]dbpp. CXv t`mmhmb Pohmmhn\pth
Fm t`mKy]Zmtfbpw Xmdmnsmncnpp.
Cu aqpw APm-fmbn- -s-bn- cn- pp; A\mZn- bm
bn-cn- pp. Fn-cpmepw Cuizc ap cp XXz--
tfbpwIm t{ijv T\mIpp; FpsImsm B ]c-
ammhv Ac- lnX\mpp. ]q- amb Cu hnizw At
l- ns kzcq]w Xs- bmWv; hncmSv icocw Xs- bmIp
p. Atlw Fmw {]hnpsImv ]qPKns
cN\bpw ]me\hpw kwlmchpw \S-pp. Fm
hmkv X- h- n Hpw Xs sNp- n- . Fp-
sImsm Atlw Imhv F Al- m- c-
n\npw cln-X-\mIpp. a\pjy C{]Imcw Cu
aqnsbpw Akm[mc- WXz- tbpw hn`n- - X- tbbpw a\-
nemns Atls {_-cq]n {]m]nv Cu
{]IrXnbpw Pohn-Ifpw Cu ]c- ta- izcs {]Ir- Xnbpw ]c-
ta-iz-c ChbpsS bP-am\\pw BsWv {]Xyambn
{Klnptm, Fm _- - fn\npwAh hnap-
\mbnocpp.
kw_w ap]d-ncnp a{- fnse aqp XXz
- fptSbpw hniZoIcWw ASp a{n hy- amn
bn-cn-pp.
10. cw {][m\-a-ar-Xmcw lcx
cmm\mhoitX tZh GIx.
Xkym`n-[ym\mZv tbmP-\mXv XXz-`mhmZv
`qb-mt hniz-am-bm\n-hr-nx.
{]IrXnbmIs cw AXmbXv ]cnh- \- tmSpIq
SnbXpw hn\mikz`mhtmSpIqSnbXpw BIpp. CXns
t`mmhmb PohkapZmbw Ahn\mikz`mhtmSpIq
Snb Ac-X-Xz- hpamIpp. Cu chpw A- chpw (P-
U{]IrXnbpw tNX- \mPohkapZmb- hpw), cn-s\bpw XXz
n GI\mb ]c- a- tZh\mb ]c- taiz- c `cWw \Sp
p. Atlw Xs {]m]n-p-Xn\pw Adn-bp-Xn\pw
tbmKy\mIpp. Atls XXz-tmSpIqSbn {Kln-
Ww C{]Imcw ZrV\n-bw sNbvXnv B ]c-amm
hns\ \nc- cw [ym\np- XpsImv, cmhpw ]Iepw At
l- nXs kweambn hknp- XpsImv, Atl-
ns X- bo`hnp- XpsImv, Ahkm\w At
l- s- s {]m]n- p- p. ]ns CXns Fm
ambIpw ]q- amb \nhrnbpmIpp. AXmbXv
ambma-b- amb Cu PKn\npw CXns kw_w
]q- ambpw hntZn- - s-Spp.
kw_w ]c- {_s Adnbp-XpsImp ^ew
hopw hnhcn- pp.
11. mXzm tZhw k]mim]lm\nx
ossWx tssiP--arXyp {]lmWnx
Xkym`n[ym\mXv XrXobw tZlt`tZ
hnssizizcyw tIhe B]v X- Im-ax.
]c- a-]pcpj\mb ]c-ammhns\ [ym\np [ym\np
km[- I B ]c-a-tZhs\ a\-n-emptm Ahs
kakvX _-\- fpw \nXyambn kYm \in-pt]m
Ipp; FpsImsm Ahn-Zy, cmKw, Al-mcw,
tZzjw-, ac-W`bw Cu Apti- fptSbpw hn\miw
kw`- hn- p-- XpIm-cWw Ahs P\-\- a-c- W-- fpsS
A`mhw F- tbvpw kw`hnpp. AXn\m Ah
]nosSmcn- epw Cu _- \- - fn AIs-Spn. Cu
icoc- ns \miw kw`hnpIgn- m Ah XrXob
temIns AXmbXv kz-ns Ghpw Db
m\- amb {_- temIw hsc- bp Ghpw henb
sFizcysf XyPn- nv {]Ir-Xn- bn\npw hnbphpw
kYm hnip-hpamb ssIhey]Zs {]m]nv ]q-
Ima\mbnocpp. Ah\p bmsXmcphn[- nepap A`n
I K
N P
145
emj DmIpn. FpsIms m Ah Fm
A`nemj- fptSbpw ^ew {]m]npIgn- n- cnpp.
kw_w Adnbphm tbmKyamb XXzs hopw
hnpp.
12. GXPv Pv tRbw \nXyta-hm-kww
\mXx ]cw thZn-Xhyw ln InwNn-Xv.
t`mm t`mKyw t{]cn-Xmcw N aXzm
kw t{]mw {Xnhn[w {_-ta-X- Xv.
Cu ]c-{_ ]pcptjm-a Xs Xs lrZb-
n A-cyman-bmb cq]n hkn-pp. CXns\
Adnbp- Xn\v shfn- bnsepw t]mtI- Xmb Bhiyan
. Ctls Adn-bp-Xn\v Ftmgpw ]cn{ian--Ww.
FpsImsm Ctl- n\p]cnbmbn Adn- bp-Xn-
\p asmcp hkvXphpan-. Cu GIs Adn-bp-Xp
sImpXs Fm m\fpw DmIpp. Ctlw
Xs Fmnsbpw Imc- Whpw ]c- am[mchpw BIpp.
a\pjy t`mmhpw (Pohmmhv) t`mKy (PUhkvXp)hpw
BIpp. Cu cn- sbpw t{]c-I\mb Cuizcs\ Adn-
bptm Fmw a\- nempp. ]ns bmsXmpw Adn
tb- Xmbnhtijnpn. bmsXmcps Cu aqp
t`Z- tfbpw hnhcnncnppthm Ah Xs ka{Kamb
{_- amIpp. AXmbXv PU{]IrXnbpw tNX- \mmhpw
Ah cnsbpw B[mchpw \nbma-I\pamb ]c-am
mhpw Ch aqpw {_-ns cq] Xs- bmIpp.
kw_w ]d-bs tb- XXzs AdnbpXn\p
D]mbs hnhcnpp
13. hlvt\bYm tbm\n-KXky aqn
\ ZriytX ss\h N enMv K\mix
k `qb Gth-\-tbm\n Krly
kvXtZzm`bw ssh {]Wth\ tZtl.
F{]Imcw Xs tbm\n AXmbXv {]IS-ambn-p
m\-hntijamb C-\- - fn nXn- sNp An-
bpsS cq]w-t]mse ImWs-Spn-. Fm Cmc-W
m An-bn-sp IcpXpn-. Fm Cmc-W
m An-bnsp IcpXpn-. Xobmbpw AXp
sp AwKoIcnpsImv AcWn (Dcp Xobpmp
XSn-jW) aY\w sNbvXpIgnbptm C\- cq]
amIp Xs m\-p\nv AXn\p hopw Pzenpb-
cphm Ignbpp. AXpt]mseXs D]cy-amb Pohm
mhpw ]c-ammhpw lrZb- cq]am- Ipp. XfpsS
m\v Hfnp- h- kn-nv {]Xy- - s- Sm- Xn- cn- pp.
Fm "Hmw' Fp P]w hgnbmbn km[\ sNbvXpI
gn-m icoc-ns CXns kmmXvmcw
DmIpp.
14. kztZl-a-cWnw IrXzm {]Whw
tNm- cmc- Wnw.
[ym\-\na-Y-\m`ymkmZv tZhw
]tiyn-Kq-V-hXv.
Ansb {]IS-amp-Xn\p cv Ac-Wn--Sn-Isf
Iqnbpcbv p- Xpt]mseXs Xs icoc- n ]c- a]p
cpj\mb ]cammhns\ {]m]npXn\pthn icocs
ASn-bn shbv-s-Sp XSn-bmn ampIbpw Hmm
cs apIfnse XSn-bmbn ampIbpw thWw. AXmbXv
icocs ASn- Snbmbn kz`mhtmSpIqSn \n- eamn
smp apIfn- es XSnpXpeyw HmwImcs i_vZw
hgnbmbn P]npIbpw a\m AXns Acq]amb
]a- cmmhns\ \nc- cw NnnpIbpw thWw. C{]Imc-
ap Cu aY-\- cq]amIp [ym\-kz-cq]m`ymkm
km[I hnd-In Hfnncnp An- pXpeyw Xs
lrZb-n Hfnn-cn-p ]c-a-tZh ]c- ta- iz-cs\
HmWw {]Xy- am-Ww.
15. Xntejp ssXew Z[-\oh kn
cm]x kvtdmXx kzc-Wojp Nmnx
Gh-amm\n KrlytXku
ktXyss\\w X]km tbm\p ]iyXn.
F{]Imcw Fn Fbpw ssXcn shbpw DW
nhc \ZnbpsS Dn-ep Dd-hn Pehpw Ac-Wn-
Snbn Anbpw Hfnncnppthm AtX{]Imcw Xs
]c-ammhv \psS lrZb- cq]amIp Kpl-bn Hfnn
cn-pp. F{]Imcw AXmXpm\-fn Hfn-n-cn-
p ssXemZnIsf Ahbvp]dnp D]mb- - fm
D]e_v[- amphm Ign-bppthm AtX-{]Imcw GsX-
nepw km[- I hnjb- -fn hnc- -\mbnv kZmNmc-
\n-c-X-\mbn, kXy`mjWw, kZmNmcw Fo X]kyhgn-
bmbn km[- \I A\pjvTn-psImv apIfn ]dn-
p coXn-bn Atls \nc-cw [ym\n-psImp
hkn- pp. Ah hgnbmbn Ah\p ]c- ammhns\ {]m]n
phm Ignbpp.
16. khym-]n-\-amm\w otc
kn-cn-hmnXw
B-hn-ZymX-t]maqew XZv {_tm]
\njXv ]cw.
XZv{_tm]\n-jXv ]cw.
B- hnZybpw X]hpw Atls {]m]npXn\p
aqekm[-\- bmIpp. bmsXmv ]men ss\bvpXpeyw
k{X ]cn]q- ambncnppthm kmcyman- bmb
B ]c- ammhns\ apIfn ]dncnp B km[-I
a\- n- em- p- p. "Atlw Xs- bm- Ipp D]- \n- j-
pfn hn- -s- n-cn-p ]ca XXz- amb {_w
I K
N P
146
AnahmIys ]\-cmhn- pXv Aymb- ns
kam]v Xnsb kqNnnp-Xn- \pthnbmIpp.
ZznXo- bm- ymbw
kw_w BZys A[ymb-n ]c-atZh\mb ]c-
ammhns kmmXvmc-n\p {][mt\]mb-ambn
[ym\s hntijnnncnpp. B [ym\- ns {]{Inb
a\-nemp-Xn\v Cu cma- X-ymbw Bcw- `n-pp.
CXn BZyambn [ym\- ns knn-pthn-bp
Ap a{- fn ]c- ta-iz- ct\mSp {]mnt {]Im
c- sf hnhcnpp.
1. bpRv Pm\x {]Yaw a\-kvX- Xzmb
khnXm [nbx
At tPymXn\n-Nm ]rYnhym A[ym`c-X.
AJn-e- tbpw krjv Sn ]c- ammhv BZy-ambn
\psS a\-ntbpw _pn- bptSbpw hrn- IfpsS XXz-
{]m]v Xn- pthn Xt-Xmb Znhykz- cq]n cq]s-Sp
pIbpw An apX-emb C{n-bm`n-am\n-Ifmb tZh
XIsf hnjb- sf {]Iminn-p-Xn-\p kmay
s ZrjvSnbn IpsImv _mlyhnjbfn \npw
]nhenv \psS C{n- b-- fpsS {]Imiw _mlyambn
\jv S- s- SmsX _pnpw a\-n\pw klmb-Iambn- cn- p
- Xn\v C{nb--fn \nt]n-p.
2. bpt\ a\km hbw tZhky
khnXpx kth.
kpht-bmb iym.
\sfmw AJnetbpw krjvSn ]c- atZh\mb ]c-
atZhs Bcm[\mcq]amb b- n apgpInb a\- p
hgnbmbn ]c- am\- {]m]vXnpthn ]q-intbmsS
{]b-Xv\n- Ww. AXmbXv \psS a\v \nc- cw `KhZm
cm[- \- bn apgpIpbpw \mw `KhXv {]m]vXnbn\npw P\y
amIp ]cam\- - ns A\p`qXnpthn ]qin
tbmSpIqSn {]b-npIbpw sNWw.
3. bpzmb a\km tZhm kph-cytXm
[nbm Znhw
_rl-tymXnx Icn-jyXx khnXm
{]kp-hmXn Xm.
AJn - e- n - sbpw { kjv Sm- hm- bn - cn - p B
]ctaizc a\-n-sbpw C{n-b- -fpsSbpw A[n-jvTm
\-tZhX- Isfbpw kzmZntemIfnepw BIminepw
k- cn- p henb {]Imiw hym]n-n-p-htbbpw
\psS a\-tmSpw _pn-tbmSpw kwbp-am-n-bnv
\app {]Imiw {]Zm\w sNp-Xn\p t{]cW \In.
XmcWw sImp \mw ]c-ta-iz-cs\ kmmXv-cn-
pXn\p [ym\- n kacmbnocpp. \psS
a\pw _pnbpw C{n-b- fpw {]Imiw hym]n-np
sImn-cn-pw. \n{Z, AekX, AIWyX apX-emb
tZmj \psS [ym\- n hnLv\w DmmXn-cn
- - s.
4. bpRv PtX a\ DX bpRv PtX [ntbm
hn{]m hn{]ky _rltXm hn]nXx
hntlm{Xm Zt[ hbp\mhn-tZI
Clo tZhky khnXpx ]cn-jvSp-Xnx.
t{ijv T_pntbmSpIqSnb {_mWmZnIfmb A[nIm
cnI X- fpsS a\- ns\ bmsXmcp ]c{_- ]c- ammhn
tNppthm AXpt]mse X- fpsS Fm {]Imc-n-
epap _pn-bpsS BkvXn-Iys \nbp-ampp
hthm bmsXmcp An tlm{XmZn-ip`I-fpsS
hn[m\w sNppthm bmsXmcp PKns hnNmc-
sf Adn-bp- h\pw GI\pw AZznXob\pw Bbn-cn-p
pthm A-s\-bp alm\pw khym]nbpw k
\pw AJn- en- sbpw DmZI\pamb ]c-atZh]c-
ta- izcs\ \mw Ahiyw ]cn]q-ambn kv XpXn- - Ww.
5. bptP hmw {_ ]qhyw \tam-`n
hn tmI GXp ]tYyh kqtcx.
irWzp hntiz Aar-Xky ]p{Xm
B tb [mam\n Znhym\n Xpx.
Atbm a\-t, _pn, Rm \n cp t]cp
tSbpw kzmanbpw AJnePKns BZnImc- Whpamb ]c-
{_ ]c-ammhns\ XpSbmbn \a-kvIcn-psImv
hn\- b- ]qw Atl-ns ic- Wn sNv Atl-
n kwe\mbn- ocpp. Fm Km\w sNs
]c-ta-iz-cs aln-amh\w hnZzmmcpsS Ion-p
Xpeyw temIn hym]ns. AXns\ ZnhytemI- fn
\nhknp Ahn\min- bmb ]c-ammhns Fm ]p{X
mcpw \Xpt]mse {ihn- s.
kw_w [ym\- n\pthn ]c- ammhnt\mSp {]mn
p- Xn\p {]Imcsf ]d- tijw C\n Bdmwa{
n B [ym\-ns nXnsb hnpIbpw Ggmw
a{n a\pjys\ B [ym\- n hym]r- X-\mp-
Xn\p \ntiw \IpIbpw sNpp.
6. Anb-{Xm`n-a-YytX hmbpb-{Xm[ncp[ytX
tkmtam b{XmXn-cn-NytX X{X kwPmbtX a\x.
bmsXmcph--bn An- bpmp-Xn-\pthn
Ac-Wn--Sn-Iaqew aY\w \S-p-Xpt]mse An-
m\ob- amb ]c- ammhns\ {]m]np- Xn\pthn BZy
a{- fn ]dncnp coXntbmSpIqSn icocs ASn
bn-es Ac-Wn--Sn-bmbpw HmwImcs apIfn-es
Ac-Wn- bmbpw I]n-nv AXns P]hpw AXns
I K
N P
147
Acq]amb ]c-ammhns \nc- c- ambp Nnmcq
]hpw sImv aY\w \S- s- Spp. FhnsS {]mWhmbp
hns\ hn[n]qw \mbnv \ntcm[n- ppthm FhnsS
B\-- cq]amb tkma-ckw AXy[n-Iambn {]IS-amp
pthm B [ym\mh- bn a\pjys a\v kYm
hnip- ambn-ocpp.
7. khn{Xm {]kth\ PqtjX {_ ]qhyw.
X{X tbm\nw IrWhtk \ ln tX
]q- a- n- ]Xv .
Atbm km[- I, AJne {_mWvUns Dev]mZ
I\pw kmcymanbpamb ]ctaiz-cs t{]c-Wbm
AXmbXv apIfn ]dncnp coXnbn Atls
kvXpXn-psImv Atl-n\nv A\paXn {]m]n-p
sImv \n B BZn-]c-{_a-]c-ammhns\s
tkh\w (kamcm[- \) sNWw. B ]c- taizc- \ns
B{ibw {]m]n--Ww. Atl-n ic-Ww-{]m]n-nv
Atl-ns kzbw hneo\-ambn-oc-Ww. C{]
Imcw {]hnm, \n ap]papXte sNs- np
Fm kn- X-Ifpw hnLv\-Imcn-bmbn-ocpn,
_- \- cq]ambnocpn-.
kw_w [ym\- tbmKns km[\ A\pjv Tn- p-
h F{]Imcw CcnWw, Fs\ [ym\n- Ww. Cu hnj
b- s-n {]Xn- ]mZnpp
8. {XncpXw m]y kaw icocw
lrZo{n-bmWn a\km kw\n-thiy.
{_tmUpt]\ {]X-tcX hnZzm
t{kmXmwkn kmWn `bmhlm\n.
bmsXmcp [ym\- tbmKns km[\ A\pjvTn-
ppthm B _pn-am\mb km[- I inc-v, Kfw,
amnSw Chsb Dbn-\n-s, AXpt]mse ico
cs t\scbpw nc-ambpw hbv-s. FpsIms
m icocs t\scbpw nc- ambpw hbv- s. Fp
sImsm icocs t\scbpw nc- ambpw \nm
sXbpw incpw Kfhpw h-ehpw DbmsXbpw
Ccpm Bekyhpw \n{Zbpw apambp hnLv\-
hp`hnpp. AXn\m Cu hnLv\- - fn\npw c
s]Sp- Xn\p tad {]Imc- n Ccn- Ww. CXn\p
tijw Fm C{nb- - tfbpw _mlyhnjb- - fn\npw
amn-bnv a\-n-\m Ahsb lrZb- n \ntcm[np
\n-Ww. ]ns HmwImc- cq]amIp \uIbpsS B{i
b-tmSpIqSn AXm-bXv HmwIm-c-ns P]tmSpw
AXns hmNyamb ]c-{_ ]c- ammhns [ym\- tm
Spw-IqSn Fm `bm\I-fmb {]hml- -tfbpw XcWw
sNbvXv Asc Fntc- Ww. \m\mtbm\nIfn \npw
kmZn- n- p F{Xtbm hmk\Ifpv. Ahsbmw P\-
\- a- cW cq]- fmIp `bw P\n- np {]hml- - fmIp
p. Chsb- mn-s\bpw XyPn-nv Fs-t-bvpam
bp Aa- c- ]Zs {]m]n- Ww.
9. {]mWm {]]otUyl kwbp--tNjvSx
otW {]mtW \mkn-Itbmz-koX.
ZrjvSmiz-bp--anh hml-ta\w
hnZzm at\m [mc-tb-Xm{]a-x.
hnZzm\mb km[-I Cu m\- tbmK km[- \-bvp
thn BlmcmZn-Ifmb Fm {]hr-n-Itfbpw bYm
tbmKyw sNbvXpsImn-cn-- Ww. Ahsb [ym\-tbmKn
\p]bp- - fmnoWw. tbmKimkv {Xns hn[n
{]Imcw {]mWbmaw sNbvXpsNbvXv {]mW AXyw
kqvaambnocptm \mknIfnqSn AXns\ shfn
bntep Xn- fb- Ww. AXn\ptijw ZpjvSmiz- fm
]q-s cYs ka-\mb kmcYn F{]Imcw AXn-
{i- tbmSpIqSn \bnpsImp kpc- nXamnqSn
sImpt]mIppthm AXpt]mseXs km[- I\pw Xs
a\- ns\ {i- tbmSpIqSn Xs kzm[o\- heb- n kpc-
n- X- amn \n-Ww. A- s\- bmsWn tbmKkm[-
\-bn bmsXmcphn-[- amb hnLv\- fpw kw`hn- msX
Ah ]c- ammhns {]Xncq]eyn FpIbpw
sNpw.
kw_w ]c- {_ ]c-ammhn a\- ns\ ebnn- p
- Xn\v F- s\- bp m\v F- s\-bp `qanbn
Ccpp km[\ \S- Ww F- Xns\ hnhcnpp.
10. kta ipNu icmhn-hmepIm
hnhntX i_vZP-em{ibm-Zn-`nx.
at\m\pIqte \ Xp Np]oUt\
Kplm\n- hm-Xm-{ibtW {]tbmP-tb- Xv.
ChnsS [ym\- tbmK-n- \p]-bp-amb m\s
hnpp. [ym\-tbmKns km[-\- b\pjvTnp
km[- I ka\n-c- tmSpIqSnb `qanbpw \navt\mX--f-
mXpw hf-hpXn-cn-hn-mXpw Fm {]Imc-nepw
hrnbpXpw kzm`mhnIambn ]hn- {XXtbmSpIqSn- bXpw
tZhmebw, Xom\w BZnbmb- ht]mse NpNhdpw
NcpIfpw CmXpw An-bptSbpw shbn- en-
sbpw NqSn- mXpw a\-ns\ Cf-p i_vZtImem
l- e- fnmXpw tImeml- ens ]q- amb A`mh
apmbn-cn-pXpw Bhiyn\p Pew e`n- pXpw
Fm hf-sc-b[nIw BfpI hcn- Ibpw t]mIbpw
sNp Pemibwt]mse AmXncnpXpw icoc-c--
bvp]bp- amb B{ib- tmSpIqSnbXpw Fm [
imet]mse AkwJyw BfpI hcn- Ibpw t]mIbpw
sNmXncnp- Xpamb CSw BbncnWw km[\ sNp
- Xn\p sXc- s- Spt- Xv.
kw_w tbmKm`ymkw \Sp km[- Is km[\
I K
N P
148
icntbm sXtm F- dn- bp- Xn\p D]mbw ]dbpp.
11. \olmc[p amm\n-em\- em\mw
JtZymX-hn- ZypXvkv^-Sn-I-iko\mw.
GXm\n cq]mWn ]pc-cmWn
{_-Wy`n-hyn-IcmWn tbmtK.
km[- I ]c-{_ ]c- ammhns {]m]vXnpthn
[ym\-tbmKns km[-\- bmcw- `nptm Ah\v Xs
apn Nnetm aqSa-n\p Xpeyamb cp]w A\p`
hs-Spp. Nnetm ]pIt]mse ImWs-Spp. Nne
tm kqcys\- tmse {]Imiw k{X ]cn]q-ambn
ImWs-Spp. Nnetm \n- eamb hmbphns\-tmse
\ncmImc- cq]w A\p`hn hcpp. Nnetm Anp
kZr-iamb tXP-tmSpIqSn ImWs-Spp. Nne kabw
anman\pn\p kZriw ann- ann-ambp-Xmbn tXmp
p. Nne-tm CSn-an- -en-\pXpeyw I-n-n-p
{]Imiw P\n-n-p-Xmbn ZrjvSn-tKmNc-amIpp. Nne
tm kv^Sn-Ia-Wnp kZr-iamb Dz-ecq]w Imgv N
bns- Spp. Nnetm N{\pXpeyw ioXf{]Imiw {]k
cnnpsImn-cn- p- Xmbn ImWs- Spp. Chbpw AXp
t]mse a- t\Iw Zriyfpw tbmKkm[- \- bpsS D- Xnsb
tZymXn- n-p- hbm-Ipp. Chbn\npw km[-Is
[ym\w icnbmbncnpp Fp a\- n- empp.
12. ]rYzy]vtXtPm\netJ kap-ntX
]mtI tbmKKptW {]hrt
\ Xky tcmtKm \ Pcm \ arXypx
{]m]vXky tbmKm-n-abw icocw.
[ym\-tbmKns km[\ sNbvXpsNbvXv ]rYzn, Pew,
tXP-v, hmbp, BImiw Fo ]- a-lm`qX--fpsS
Dm\w kw`hnptm AXmbXv Cu km[- I ]- a
lm`qX- - fpsS- ta A[nImcw {]m]npIgnbptm Cu
]-a-lm`qX- fpambn kw_w ]pep tbmKhn
jb-fmb Apkn-n-Ifpw {]IS-amhpIbpw sNp
tm tbmKmn-a-b-amb icocs {]m]n-n-p B
tbmKnbpsS icoc-n tcmKapmIpn- , hm- Iyhp
apmIpn-. Ah\p arXyphpapmIpn-. Ahs
Cp hncp- ambn Ahs icocw \in- pn- .
13. eLpXz-amtcmKya-temep]Xzw
h-{]kmZw kzc-kujvThw N.
Kx ipt`m aq{X-]pcojaev]w
tbmK{]hrnw {]Yamw hZn.
`qXfpsSta hnPbw ssIhcnnp tbmKnIfn
]qhhthm-inIsfqSmsX ap inIfpw hp
tNcpp. DZml- c-Wambn: Ahs icocw emLhtmSp
IqSnb- Xmbnocpp, icocn `mc- nstbm AYhm
Bekynstbm `mhw \ne\npn. Ah kZm
\otcmK\mbn- gnbpp. Ah\v Hcnepw bmsXmcp tcmK
hpap-m- Ip- n- . `uXnI hkv Xp- fn- ep Ahs
Bkn \jv Sambnocpp. GsXnepw `uXnI hkv Xp
Ahs apn hmepw Ahs a\pw C{nb- fpw
AXn- \m BIjn--s-Spn- . Ahs icoc-ns
hw Dz- eambn-ocpp. kzcw AXyw a[pchpw
kv ]jvShpambn- ocpp. icoc- n \npw hfsc \
kpKw ]pd- sv \mep]mSpw {]kcn-pp. aehpw
aq{Xhpw hfsc kzev]amb am{X-bn BIphm XpS- p
p. Chsbmw tbmKam-ns {]mcw- `kn-nIfmIp
p. Cs\ tbmKn-I ]dbpp.
14. bssYh hnw_w arZtbm-]en]vXw
tXtPmabw {`mPtX XXv kp[m-w.
XZzmXXzw {]kaoy tZlo
GIx IrXmtYm `htX hoX- timIx.
GsXnepw tXtPmab- amb- cXv\w an ]pXpt]m
b-XpImcaw F{]Imcw Hfnn-cn-ppthm AXns
Ak cq]n {]ISamImXncnppthm AXns\ av
apX-embh amw sNbvXp IgpInpSv hrn- bmn-sb-
Spptm AXv Akcq]n {]Im-in-p-hm
XpSpp. AtX{]Imcw Cu Pohmmhns hmkv XhnI
kzcq]w AXy- kzambn- gnmepw A\- P- fn
sNs I-fpsS kwkvmc-- fm aen-\- ambn-cn-
pXp ImcWw {]Xy- ambn {]ISamIpn. Fm
[ym\- tbmKns km[- \-hgn-bmbn Fm AgppI
tfbpw IgpIn- bnv Bmhns bYm kzcq]s \
Xpt]mse {]kv ]jv Samptm AXv AkwKambnocp
p. AXmbXv Ah\v PU]Zm-fpambn bmsXmcp
kwtbmKapmbn-cppthm, AsXmw \in-nv Ah
ssIheymhsb {]m]n-pp. AXpt]mse Ahs
Fm{]Imcfnepap ZpxJ-fpsS Ahkm\w kw`hn
nv Ah XnIpw IrX-Ir-Xy\mbn- ocpp. Ahs
a\pjyPw kmIambn `hn- pp.
15. bZmX-tXz\ Xp {_-XXzw
Zot]m]ta-t\l bpx {]]tiyXv.
APw {[phw khX- ssXzhn-ipw
mXzm tZhw apNytX kh]mssix.
]noSv BtbmKn CtX nXnbn Zo]Zzmcm {_-X-Xzk
Zrihpw \ne{]Imiab- hpambn ]qtm- amb B-
XXzw icnbmbn Zinptm AXmbXv B ]c- {_-]c-
ammhns\ {]Xyamptm PmZnIfnse Fm hnIm
c--fn\npw cln-X\pw ANe\pw \nn-X\pw AXp
t]mse kakv X- XXz- - tfmSpw Akw- K\pw kYm hnip
- \pamb ]c- a-tZh\mb ]c-ammhns\ XXztmSpIqSn
Adnnv Fmhn[- amb _\- - fn\npw \nXyambn
tamNn- s-Spp.
I K
N P
149
Cu a{n B- XXznqSn {_-X-Xzs Adn
bp-Xn-\p amw ]dnv ]c-ammhns kmm
Xv mcw a\-v , _pn, C{n-b- hgn kw`hnphm
kmyasp `mhw {]ISampp. Chsbmw AhnSw
hsc Fpn. GIam{Xamb B B- XXzZzmcm Xs
Atlw {]XyamIpp.
16. Gj l tZhx {]Zntjm\ khmx
]pthm l PmXx k D Kt` Ax
k Gh PmXx k P\n-jyamWx
{]XyMvP-\mw-kvXn- jvTXn ktXmap- Jx.
Cu ]c- a- tZh\mb {_w Fm ZnpIfnepw Ahm
c- Zn- p- I-fnepw hym]n- n- cn- pp; AXm- bXv Fpw
Atlw ]cn-]q-\m-Ip-p. {]]-n Atlw
Cm bmsXmcp m\hpw C. {]kn- - amb ]c-{_-
]c-ammhmbn Ghpw BZyambn lnc-WyK`cq]n
{]Xyambncpp. Atlw Xs Cu {_- cq]amb K`
n A-cyman-bmbn nXn-sNpp. Atlw-Xs
Cu kabw PKns cq]n {]ISamIpIbpw `mhn-
bn AXmbXv {]f- b- n\ptijap krjv Sn- Imen
hopw {]IS- amIphm t]mIpIbpw sNpp. Atlw
Fm PohnIfptSbpw Dn A- cyman cq]n nXn
sNpw AXpt]mse Fm `mKtbvpw apJ- tmSpIq
Snbpw AXmbXv Fmn-s\bpw Fm`mKp\npw
IpsImpw Ccn- p- h\mIpp.
17. tbm tZthm Au tbm A]vkp
tbm hnizw `ph\-amhn-thi
b Hmjm[ojp tbm h\-kv]Xnjp
Xkvssa tZhmb \tam \ax.
bmsXmcp kin-am\mb ]c-{_ ]c-a-tZh
Anbn Bbncn- ppthm bmsXmv Pen BIp
pthm, bmsXmp kakv XtemI- fnepw Acymanbmb
cq]- tm- Sp- Iq- Sn {]hn- jv S- am- bn- sm- n- cn- p- pthm
bmsXmv Huj[nIfnepw h\kv]XnIfnepw Bbn-cn-p
pthm AXmbXv bmsXmp k{X ]cn-]q-ambn- cn-
ppthm bmsXmns\ At\-I{]Imc- t\cs
hnncnppthm B ]c- atZh\mb ]c- ta-iz- cs\ \a
kv-cnpp. Aymb-ns kam]v Xnsb kqNn- n- p
-Xn\v \akv Imc-]Zs Bhn- n- cn- pp.
XrXo- bm- ymbw
1. b GtIm Pmehm\oiX Cui\o`nx
khmw-temIm\o-iX Cui\o`nx
b GsshI Dth kw`th N
b GXZzn-Zpc-ar-XmkvtX `hn.
bmsXmcp AZznXob ]cammhv Pes krjvSn
nv Xs kzcq]`qXamb imk\min hgn-bmbn AXn-
t `cWw \Snsmncnppthm AXpt]mse hnhn
[--fmb B imk\minIhgn- bmbn Fm temI-
tfbpw temI]memtcbpw bYmtbmKyw kme\w
sNbvXpsImn- cn- ppthm bmsXmc- s `c-Wn
Chsbmw Xmm-fpsS I-hysf \nb- a-]qw
]menpsImn- cnppthm, AXpt]mse bmsXmcp
X\n-tb-Xs amcptSbpw klmbw IqSmsX AJn-etem
I-sbpw D-n-bnepw AXns\ hfp-Xnepw
ka\p-ambn-cn-p-pthm B ]c- {_-]c-ta- iz-cs\
bmsXmcp alm]pcpj XXztmSpIqSn {Klnppthm
Atlw Aa-c- \mbnocpp P\- \- ac- Whebn\npw
\nXyambn tamNn- - s- Spp.
2. GtIm ln cpt{Zm \ ZznXobmb Xp
b Camw temIm\oiX Cui\o`nx
{]XyMvP\mw-kvXn- jvTXn kptIm-NmImte
kwkrPy hnizm `ph\m\n tKm]mx
bmsXmcp Xs kzcq]`qX- - fmb hnhn-[-imk
\-in-I hgn-bmbn Fm temI-fpsS-taepw `cWw
\S- ppthm Ahsb \nb- am\pkcaw \nb- {n- psIm
n- cnpphthm B cp{Zcq]\mb ]c-ta- iz- c GIX-
s-bmIpp. AXmbXv Cu hnizs \nb- {n-p
inI At\Iw Dmbncpmepw Ahsbmw Htc ]c-
ta- iz-cs Xs- bmIpp, Fm Atl- n\npw
A`namIpp. Cu ImcWwsImpXs m\nI PK
ns Imc- Ws \n- bnp kabw ap bmsXmcp XXz
tbpw B{ibn- mXn- cpp, GI]c- {_w Xs-bmWv
PKns Imc-Wsav Fmhcpw Htc kzc-n \n-
bn-pIsXs sNbvXp. B ]c-ammhv Fm PnhnIfp
tSbpw Dn A- cymancq]n nXnsNpp. Fm
temI- tfbpw krjv Snv Ahsb cnpsImncnp
]atcizc {]fb- Ime kzambns Chsbmw
HnptNpp. AXmbXv XntepXs hneo\- am
pp. B kabw Atl- ns `n- `n- cq]- fnep
cq]sfmpw Dmbn- cnpIbn.
3. hnkz-X-pcpX hniz-tXmaptJm
hniz-tXm_mlpcpX hniz-X-kv ]mXv
kw _mlp`ymw [aXn kw ]X- ss{X
Zymh-`qan P\-b tZh GIx.
]c-atZh\mb B ]c- ta- izc GI\mIpp; Fncp
mepw Atl- ns IpI Fmbn-S-- fn-epapv.
ssIIfpw ]mZfpw Dv. Atlw Fm temI-fnepw
Fmbn-S--fnepw nXn-sNp ka-kv X-Pohn-IfpsS
I-tfbpw hnNmc--tfbpw Fm kw`h-tfbpw
Xs Znhyinhgn- bmbn \nc-cw ZinpsImncn- p
I K
N P
150
p. bmsXmcp Imcyfpw Atl- n\npw Hfn-n-
cn-pn-. Atl-ns ` Atl-n\v Fhn-
sSsbnepw t`mP\- tbmKyamb hkvXp kanppthm
Atlw AXns\ Ahn-sS-shpXs A\p`hn-pp.
Atlw Fm epw Fm hkvXp- tfbpw Hmbn
kzoIcnp- Xnepw Xs `P\- fpsS kSsf \in
nv Ahsc cn-p-Xnepw ka-\mIpp. AXp
t]mse FhnsS \ns- nepw Atlns `- m At
ls hnfn- phm\m{Klnppthm Ahn-sS-s
Atlw AtX-kabw FntcpIbpw sNpp. temI
n Hcp m\hpw Atl-ns in- bm hncmPn
- n- m- - Xmbn ImW- s- Sp- n- . BImiwap- X
`qtemIw hsc- bp Fm temI-tfbpw krjvSnn-cn-
p GI\mb ]c-ta-iz-c a\pjymZn Pohn-Isf Cu
cp `pP-fmepw ]n- Isf Nnd- IpIfmepw bp- amn
bncnpp. Atlw Fm PohnItfbpw Bhiym\pkc-
Wamb `n-`n in-Ifmepw km[- \--fnepw k-
amnbncnpp. ChnsS `pPfptSbpw NndIpIfptSbpw
IY\w D]eWw am{X- amIpp. CXn\npw kakv X
{]mWn-Ifn-epap Fm in-Ifpw ]c-ammhn-\m
\Is- XmsWp a\- nem- Ww.
4. tbm tZhm\mw {]`htmZv`h
hnizm[nt]m cpt{Zm aljnx
lnc-WyK`w P\-bmamk ]qhw
k t\m _pym ip`bm kwbp-\-p.
AJn-etbpw Xs `c- Wn shpsImn-cn-
p cp{Z- cq- ]- \mb ]c- ta- iz- c C{m- Zn- tZ- h- Isf
krjv Snpw cnpwsImn- cnpp. AXpt]mse bmsXm
cp Fmns-bpw A[n-]Xnbpw almm\nbpw
k\pam-bn-cn-ppthm bmsXm-cp krjvSn-
bpsS Bcw`n lnc- WyK`s krjvSnpthm B ]c-
a-tZh-\mb ]c-am-mhv \ssbmw k_pn-bm
kwbp-am- tW.
5. bm tX cp{Z inhm
X\qctLmcm]m]Im- in- \o.
Xbm \kvX- \phm iabm
Kncn-im-`n-Nm-Iioln.
tl cp{ZtZh, `bm\IXbn\nv iq\yhpw ]pWyI
- fm {]IminpsImn-cnp- Xpamb A- bpsS awK
f- a- bnbmb kuayaqnsb Zinnp a\pjy ]c-am\-
-\n- a\mbnocpp. tl Kncn- i, ]X- n hkn
psImv kakvX temI-pIw kpJw {]Zm\w
sNp ]c- taizcm, ]c- aim aqnbmbncppsImp
Xs Ir]tbmSpIqSn R-fpsS t\tc t\mn-bmepw.
A- bpsS Ir]mZrjvSnbpsS ]X\wsImpXs R
kYm ]cnip- cmbn Asb {]m]npXn\p tbmKy
Xbp-hcmbn- oc- tW.
6. bmanjpw Kncn-i lkvtX _n`jykvXth
inhmw Kncn-{XXm Ipcp am lnwkox
]pcpjw PK-Xv.
tl Kncni, ssIemkhmknbpw, kpJ- Zmb- I\pamb
]c-ta-iz-cm, bmsXmcp _mWs Fdn-bp-Xn- \pthn
Av ssIbn FSpncnpp? tl KncncmP\mb lnam
eb-ns cn-Xmth, Av B _mWs awKf-a-b-
amn amn-bmepw. AXns {Iqc-Xsb \in-nv AXns\
imamnbmepw, PohnIfm \ndb- sp Cu PKns\
\innmXncpmepw. CXns\ IjvSs- SpmXncpmepw.
7. XXx ]cw {_-]cw _rlw
bYm\n-Imbw k`qtXjp KqVw
hniz-sskyIw ]cn-th-jvSn-Xmc
aoiw Xw mXzmarXm `hn.
bmsXmcp ap]p ]d-ncnp PohnkapZmb
cq]- amIp PKnepw lnc-WyK`\ma- {_- nepw
kYm t{ijvT-\mbn-cn-ppthm Fm Pohn-Ifnepw
AhbpsS ico-c-n-\- \pcq]ambn Hfn-n-cn-ppthm
Fm temItbpw Fm `mKfn IqSnbpw hebw
sNs- n- cnppthm AXpt]mse k{X hym]v Xhpw
alpw Bbncnppthm A- s\- bp GIam{X\mb
B ]c- ta-iz-cs\ Adn-nv m\nI Fs- t- bv p
ambp Ac- Xzs {]m]npp. ]noSv Ahp P\- \-
ac- W DmIpn.
kw_w C\n m\nIfmb alm- mfpsS
A\p`hsf ]dnv ]cam\- ^ens ZrVXsb
{]kv ]jv Sampp.
8. thZml-taXw ]pcpjw alm
amZn-Xyhw Xakx ]c-kvXmXv.
Xtah hnZn-XzmXn arXyptaXn
\m\yx ]m hnZytXb\mb
m\n-bmb Hcp alm ]dbpp Cu almmsc-
mfpw alm\mb ]ca ]pcptjm-as\ Rm\dn-bpp.
Atlw AhnZymcq]amIp AImc-n\pw kYm
AXoX\mWv . AtXt]mse kqcy\p Xpeyw kzbw{]Imi
cq]\mIpp. Atls Adnbp-XpsImpXs a\p
jy arXyphns\ DwL\w sNp- Xn Cu P\- \-ac-
W-fpsS _-\- -fn\nv kzmX{yw {]m]n-p-
Xn Ignhp-h\mbnocpp. ]ca ]Zs {]m]np
-Xn\v CX- msX ap bmsXmcp]mb- hpan.
9. bkv amXv ]cw \m]c-akvXn InwNnZv
bkv ammWotbm \ PymtbmkvXn In-Xv.
hr Ch kvX_vt[m Znhn XnjvS-tXyI
kvtXt\Zw ]qw ]pcp-tjW kw.
I K
N P
151
B ]ca tZh\mb ]c- taizc- s\- m t{ijvT\mbn am
cpan. Atlw kt{ijv T\mIpp. F{Xtbm kqv a
XXz- fptm Ahsb- mns\mfpw Atlw kqv aw
Xs- bmWv . Atl-s- m A[nIw kqva- ambn ap
bmsXmpan. CXn-\mX- s Atlw Ghpw sNdnb
PohnIfpsS icoc- n {]thinp nXnsNpp. CXp
t]mse F{Xtbm alpw hym]Ihpamb XXz--fpv .
Ahsb-mn-s\mfpw alpw hym]IhpamWv B ]c-
{_w. AXns\- m alpw hym]Ihpambn asmpw
X-s-bn- . CXn-\m {]f-b-Imen Cu kq
{_mWv Us Atlw Xsbpn hneo\- ampp.
bmsXmp X\ntb-Xs hrn\p Xpeyw \n-e`mh
tmSpIqSn ]c-a[macq]hpw {]Imiab- hpamb ZnhymIm
in nXn-sNppthm B ]c- {_ ]c-ammhn
Cu kakvX PKpw hym]n-pIn- S-pp. ]c-a-]pcpj
\mb B ]c-ta- izcXs \ncmImc-cq]tmSpIqSn Cu
hnizw apgph hym]nncn-pp.
10. XtXm bZp--c- Xcw XZcq]a-\ma-bw.
b GXZzn-Zpcar
XmkvtX `hytYXtc ZpxJ-ta-hm]n-b-n.
apt hn- n- p B lnc- Wy- K`- t- m
bmsXmv Fm {]Imc-nepw AXyw DIrjv S- ambn-
cnppthm B ]c-{_ ]c-ammhv BImc-c-ln-X\pw
Fm hnImc- -fmepw iq\y\pamIpp. bmsXmcp alm]p
cp-j Cu ]c-{_ ]c-amm-hns\ Adn- bp-pthm
Atlw Aa-c- \mbn `hnpp \nXyambn P\- \acW-
fn \npw ap- \mIpp. Fm bmsXmcp Ct
ls Adn-bmXn-cn-p-pthm An-s\-bp-hscmw
\n- b-ambpw IqsS- qsS ZpxJsf A\p`hnpsImn-
cn-pp. AXn-\m a\pjy \nXyambn ZpxJ--fn
\npw tamNn- s- Sp-Xn\pw ]c- am\- kz- cq]\mb ]c- am
mhns\ {]m]np- Xn-\pambn Atls Adnb-Ww.
11. km\\-in-tcm{Kohx k`qXKplmibx.
khym]o k `Khmw-kvXkvamXv
khKXx inhx.
Fm m\-fpw ktizc- \mb B `Khms apJ-
amIpp. Fm m\- fpw incpw Kfhpw BIpp.
Hmtcm m\pw Hmtcm Ahbhhgn \S- stS
Imcy \Sp- Xn Atlw ka\mWv . Atlw
Fm PohnIfptSbpw lrZb cq]amIp IymWkzcq]
\mb B ]c-ta-iz-c Fm m\- -fnepw Fn-sm
n- cn- pp. km[- I Atls GXpkabw FhnsS,
GXpcq]n {]Xyambn ImWphm\m{Klnppthm
AtXkabw AtX- ev AtXcq]n Atl- n\p
{]Xy- s-Sphm Ignbpp.
12. alm {]`pssh]pcpjx
kXz-sskyh {]h- Ix.
kp\nem-anamw {]m]vXn-aoimt\m
tPymXn-c- hy- bx.
\n- b- ambn Ctlw Fmn- t\bpw `cnp- h\pw
alm\pw {]`phpw AXpt]mse Ahn- \minbpw {]Imkkz
cq] ]c- a]pcpj]pcptjma\pamWv . t\ct ]dncn
p Cu ]ca \ne`mhns AXmbXv Xs B\-
- ab- amb hnip- cq]ns {]m]v Xnpthn a\pjys
AxIc-Ws t{]cn- npsImn- cnpp. Hmtcm a\p
jyt\bpw Ctlw XntebvmIjnpsImncnpp.
Fncpmepw Am\nIfmbp- h Fm{]Imcnep
ap ku`mKy {]m]nnpw Atl- ns t{]W{]
Imcw Atls {]m]np- Xn\pthn {]hnpn
. Cu ImcWwsImpXs Ah AepXncnp \S
pp.
13. AMvKpjvT-am{Xx ]pcptjmcmm
kZm P\m\mw lrZtb kn-hnjvSx
lrZm a\zotim a\-km`n\p]vtXm
b GXZv hnZpc-ar-XmkvtX `hn.
AwKpjv Tam{X-amb ]cn-amWtmSpIqSn A-cyman-
bmbr ]c-ta- iz-c Ftmgpw a\pjycpsS lrZb-- fn
kaymb coXnbn nXn-sNpIbpw a\-ns kzman
bmbn-cn- pIbpw sNpp. AXpt]mse \nelr-Z
bhpw hnip-a-\pw hgn-bmbn [ym\- n sImph
np {]XyamIpp. bmsXmcp km[- I Cu ]c- {_
]c- taizcs\ Adnbpphthm Atlw Aac- \mbn `hnp
p. AXm- bXv Fs- t- bv p- ambn P\- \- a- c- W- -
fn\npw ap- \mbn-ocpp; Aar-X-cq]\mbn- o-cp
p. a\pjys lrZbw AwKpjvTns AfthmSpIqSn
b- XmIpp. AXpXs ]c- ammhns D]e_v [n- p-
m\hpw AXn-\m ChnsS ]c-ammhns\ AMv KpjvT
am{X- amb ]cn- WmatmSpIqSnb- h Fp hnpp.
14. kl-{kiojm ]pcpjx kl-{kmx
kl-{k- ]mXv
k `qanw hniztXm hrXzmXyXn-jvTimMvKp-ew.
B ]c-a]pcpj]c-ta- iz- c\v Bbn- c-- Wn\p inc- p
Ifpw BbncWn\p IpIfpw Bbnc- - Wn\p ]mZ
-fpapv. AXmbXv Fm Ahbhfn\npw clnX
\mbncpnpw Atl-n\p inc- v , IpI, ]mZ
BZn-bmb Fm Ahbhfpw A\-hpw AkwJyhp
ambn Dv. kinam\mb B ]c- taizc Fm temI
- tfbpw Fm `mK- fn\npw hebw sNbvXpsImv
kh{X hym]v Xambn \m`nbn\npw ]w- Kpew apIfn
embnv lrZbmImin hknpp. Atlw khym
]nbpw alm\pw Bbns lrZb- cq]amIp GI-
I K
N P
152
ep nXn-sNpp. Atlw At\Iw hpcp [
-fpsS B{ib-amIpp.
15. ]pcpj GthZw kw bZv `qXw b `hyw
DXmar-XXz-tkyimt\m bZt-\mXn-tcml-Xn.
bmsXmv `qX- Imen kw`hn-pI-gn-n-cn- p
pthm bmsXmv `mhn- bn kw`hn-m\n- cnppthm
bmsXmp ham\Imen Aw hgn-bmbn AXm
bXv `W]Zm hgnbmbn hfpsImncnp
pthm, B ]q- amb PKp ]c- a]pcpj\mb ]camm
hns Xs kzcq]amIpp. Atlw kzb-ambn-s
Xs kzcq]`qX- amb ANn-yin-tbmSpIqSn Cu cq]
n {]XyamIpp. AXpt]mse Atlw Aar-X- kz
cq]amIp tamns bP-am\-\mIpp. AXmbXv
PohnIsf kwkmc- _\- fn\npw tamNnnv Xs
{]m]np-h- cmnopp. AXn- \m Atls
{]m]np- Xn- `nejnpp. km[- Im Atl- ns
ic- Wn sNptNc- Ww.
16. kXx ]mWn-]mZw XXv
khtXmnintcm apJw
kXx {ipXn-a-tmtI kamhrXy
XnjvT-Xn.
B ]c-ammhns Im, ssI, inc-v, apJw, sNhn
Fmw m\- -fmIpp. B Fm m\fpw Fm
in- tbmSpwIqSn {]hnp- Xn ka- fmbncn
pp. Atlw Fmm\pw Xs `- msc cn-
p- Xn\pw AXpt]mse Ahsc Xntep kzoIcnp
- Xn\pw Ic \on- smncnpp. Atl- ns
`-m Atls FhnsS B{Kln- ppthm Ahn-
sSs Atlw Fnbncnp- Xmbn ImWs- Spp.
Atlw Fm-epw Fm Pohn- Ifpw hgn \S- s-
Sp Isf IpsImn-cn-pp. Atl-ns
`- m FhnsS Atls {]Wanppthm (Fmbn
Spw hym]vX-am-bn- cn-p-XpImc-Ww) Ahn-sS-s
Atl-ns Nc-Wfpw incpw nXn-sNpp.
Xs `- mcpsS {]m\I tIp- Xn- \pthn
Atl- ns I Fpw Dmbncnpp. Xs
`- mcm AWw sNs- Sp hkvXpsf A\p`
hn- p-Xn\v Atl-ns apJw Fmbn-Spw Xm
dmbpw Ccn- pp. B ]c- taizc Cu {_mWv Un
Fmn- s\bpw Fm `mK-fn\npw hebw sNbvXp
nXn- sNpp. Cu Imcy- sfmw hnizknv a\pjy
Atl- ns tkh\-n hym]r- Xcmbn- cn- Ww.
17. kt{n-b-KpWm`mkw kt-{n-b-hn-
hnXw
kky {]`paoim\w kky
icWw _rl-Xv.
kinam\mb ]c- a]pcpj\- ]c-ammhv kakv tX
{nb-c-ln- X\mWv . tZtl-{nbmZn t`Z-fm iq\y\mbncp
npw Fm C{nbhnjb-tfbpw Adn-bpp. AXp
t]mse Fmnsbpw kzmanbpw ]c- aka\pw Fm
n- s\bpw `cn- p- - h\pw Pohn- Isf kw_\v [nn-
Stmfw Ghpw henb B{ibhpw BIpp. a\pjy
Fm `mh-tfmSpw-IqSn Atl-ns icWw
{]m]n- Ww. a\pjyicocwsImp Ghpw henb D]
tbmKw CXmIpp.
18. \hZzmtc ]ptc tZlo lwtkm
teembtX _lnx
hio kky temIky mhcky
Ncky N.
mhc- Pw-Ka- -fmb Fm PohnIfptSbpw kapZmb
cq]amIp Cu {]]s Xs A[o\n shp
sImn-cn-p B {]Imia-b-\mb ]c-ta-iz-c\v cp
I-fpw cp \mkn-ImZzmc- fpw Hcp apJhpw Hcp
KpZhpw Hcp enwKhpw Dv. C{]Imcw H]XphmXn-epI
tfmSpIqSnb a\pjyicoc- cq]amIp \Kc- n Atlw
A- cymancq]tmSpIqSn nXnsNpp. AtlwXs
Cu _mly{]]- nepw eoeI \S-n-smn-cn-
pp CsXmw a\- n- emn a\- ns\ FhnSwhsc kpK
aambn ncsSpphm km[nptam AhnSwhsc At
ls [ym\npsImncn- Ww.
kw_w Atlw kakv tX- {nbfm clnX\mbn
cpnpw Fm C{n-b- -fptSbpw hnjb- sf Adn-bp
p. CXp IqSpX kv ]jv S- ampp.
19. A]mWn-]mtZm Pht\m {KloXm
]iyXyNpx k irtWmXyIx
k thn thZyw \ N XkymkvXn thm
Xamlpc{Kyw ]pcpjw almw.
bmsXmcps {]I-c-W- \S-psImn- cn-p
pthm B ]c- {_ ]cammhv lkvX- clnX\mbncpnpw
Fm m\pw Fm hkvXp- tfbpw ]nSnsSppp.
AXpt]mse ]mZc-ln- X- \mbn- cpnpw AXnthKw C- m\p
kc- Wambn Fpw Ka\mKa\- \Spp. \b\- c- ln
X\mbn- cpnpw Fm m\pw Fmw IpsImn- cn
pp. I- c- lnX\mbncpnpw Fm m\- p\npw
Fmw {ihn- pp. Atlw {KmlytbmKy-fmb PU
tNX-\- hkvXpsf \mbn Adn-bpp; Fm At
ls Adnbp- hcmbn BcpwXs C. bmsXmcp
Fmns\bpw Adnbp- h\mbncnppthm Atls
B- dnbm km[npp? Atl- ns hnjb- n
m\nIfmb almm ]dbpXv Atlw AJn- e
nsbpw BZnbpw ]pcmX\pw alm]pcpj\pw BIpp
FmWv .
I K
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153
20. AtWmc- Wobm altXm alo-bm
\mm Kplmbmw \nlntXmky Ptmx.
Xa-{IXpw ]iyXn hoX- timtIm
[mXpx {]kmZm-ln-am\-aoiw.
kqvas- m AXnkqvahpw qes- m
AXn-qehpw Bb B ]c-{_ ]c-ammhv Cu Pohn-
IfpsS lrZb- cq]amIp Kpl- bn Hfnphkn-pp.
Fmsbpw krjvSn-n-cn- p B ]c-ta-iz-cs Ir]
bms a\pjyv kzmkev ] clnX\pw Ir]m
Ic\pw ]c-a-kplr-pamb ]c-ta- iz-c-s\bpw Atl-
ns aln- atbbpw {Klnphm km[n- pp. B ]c-
aZbmephmb ]c-ta- izcs Cu kmmXvmcw DmIp
tm Fst- bvpambn Fm {]Imc- nepap ZpxJ-
-fn\npw ap-\mbn ]c- am\ kzcq]\mb ]c-ta- iz
cs\ {]m]npp.
21. thZml-ta-X-a-Pcw ]pcmWw
kmm\w kKXw hn`pXzm-Xv.
P\ntcm[w {]h-Zn bky
{_-hmZnt\m ln {]h-Zn \nXyw.
thZc- l- kysf hnp alm]pcpjm bmsXm
cps\ P-c-ln- X- \mbpw AXpt]mse \nXy\mbpw hnh
cn-ppthm Atlw hym]I\mbn-cn-p-- XpImcWw
Fpw hncmPn-psIm-n-cn-pp. bmsXmcp--\m
bmsXmcpm\hpw iq\yamImXn-cn-ppthm bmsXmcp
Pc, arXyp apX-emb Fm hnImc--fnepw \np
kYm c lnX\pw kn-sbpw BZn-]pcmW]pcp
j\pw Bbn-cn-ppthm kIen- sbpw Bmhpw
A-cyman-bpambn- cn-ppthm B ]c-ta-iz-cs\ Rm
Adn-bpp Fv ]c-ammhns\ {]m]np almm
]dbpp.
NXpYm- ymbw
1. b GtImhtm _lp[m in-tbmKmZv
hm\-t\-Im \nln-XmtYm Z[mXn
hn ssNXn Nmt hniz-amZu k tZhx
k t\m _pym ip`bm kwbp-\-p.
bmsXmcp ]c-{_-]c- ammhp \ncmImc- kzcq]n
cp]hmZn cln-X-\mbn-cpnpw krjvSn-bpsS Bcw-`
n GtXm cl-ky]q-amb Dtiw ImcWw Xs
kzcq]`qX--fmb \m\m{]Im-c-n-ep in-I-fpsS
kw_-tm-SpIqSn At\I- fmb cq]hmZn-Isf
[mcWw sNpp. AXpt]mse Ahkm\w Cu ]q-
amb PKv bmsXmcp- \n hneo\-amIpp AXmbXv
Xs {]tbmP-\- n\mbnmsX PohnIp ku`mKyap
mIp- Xn\p thnam{Xw AhbpsS Im\pkcWambn
Cu \m\mh-cq]-tfmSpIqSnb PKns cN\bpw
]me\phw kwlmchpw \S-p-Ibpw ImemIme-fn
Bhiya- \pkcnv At\I cq]- fn {]Xy- amhpIbpw
sNpp B ]c-a- tZh\mb ]c-ta- iz- c hmkvXhn
GI\pw AZznXob-\pamIpp. Atl- n\npw AXn-
cn- ambn Hpw Xs- bn. Atlw \apv k_pn
{]Zm\w sNpamdmItW.
kw_w C{]Imcw {]mnt-- hn[w ]dpIgn
p. C\n aqp a{ hgnbmbn ]c-ta-iz-cs\ PK
ns cq]n NnnpsImv Atls kvXpXnp
-Xn\p hn[- \ntin- ncnpp.
2. XtZhmn-kv X- ZmZn-XykvX-ZzmbpkvXZp N{amx
XtZh ip{Iw XZv {_ XZm]kvXXv
{]Pm-]- Xnx.
An, Pew, kqcy, hmbp, N{, ap {]Imin-
p Fm \{X--fpw, {]Pm]Xn-I, {_mhv Ch
sbmw ]c{_w Xs-bmIpp. Chsbmw GI\pw
AZznXob- \pamb ]c-{_ ]c- taiz- cs hn`qXn-I Xs-
bm- Ip- p. Ch- sb- m- n - sbpw A- cym- an - bmb
Bmhpw Atlw Xs- bmIpp. AXn\m Chsbmw
Atl-ns cq]amIpp. C{]Imcw ]q-amb PK
ns cq]n B ]c- ammhns\- n Nnn-- Ww.
3. Xzw kv{Xo Xzw ]pam\kn Ipamckv Xzw
DX hm Ipamco
Xzw Potm ZWvtU\ hkn Xzw
PmtXm `hkn hniz-tXmap-Jx.
tl kthiz-cm, Av kv{Xo, ]pcpj, Ipamc,
Ipamcn BZnbmbn At\Iw cq]- tfmSpIqSnb- h\mIpp.
AXmbXv Chsb-mn-sbpw cq]n Ap {]IS-
ambnsmn-cn-pp. ApXs hr- \mbnv hSnbpsS
klmb-m \S- pp; AXmbXv ApXs hr- cq
]n {]Xys-Spp. tl ]c-am-, ApXs
hncmSv cq]n {]Xyambnv Fm `mKtbvpw
apJw Xncn-psImn-cn-p; AXmbXv ]q-amb Cu
PKv A-bpsS-kz-cq]w Xs-bmIpp. temIn
F{Xtbm apJ ImWs- Spp. Ahsbmw AbpsS
Xs-bmIpp.
4. \oex ]XMvtKm lcntXm temln-Xm
kvXUn-ZvK` EXhx kap{Zmx
A\mZn-aXzw hn`ptXz\ htk
btXm PmXm\n `ph\m\n hnizm.
`Khmt\, ktcymanbmb Ap \oeh- tm
Sp-IqSnb Nn{X-i-e`hpw AXpt]mse lcn-X- hhpw
Nph IpIfpap ]nbpw BIpp; ApXs
I K
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154
hnZyn\m bp- amb taLamIpp. hkmZnIfmb
Fm EXpfpw k]v Xkap{Zfpw A- bpsS cq]wXs-
bmIpp. AXmbXv Cu \m\m{]Imc-n-ep h-
cq]tfmSpIqSnb Fm PUtNX-\- hkvXp-fpsS cq]
n Rm Asbs Zin- psImn-cn- pp.
FpsImsm An \npXs Cu Fm temI
fpw Ahbn hkn-p Fm PohPmefpw D-
hnn- cnpp. hym]Iamb cq]n ApXs Fm
nepw hncmPn-pp. AXpt]mse Ahyhpw Pohcq
]hpw Bb A\mZn {]Ir- Xn- bpsS (C-h]cm, A]cm F
t]cn hnfn- -s-Spp) bP-am\\pw ApXs BIp
p. AXn\m GIam{X\mb Asbs Rm Fm
n- sbpw cq]n Zinpp.
kw_w ]qa{n ]c- {_-]c- taizcs\ cp
{]Ir-Xn-IfpsS kzman-sbp ]dn- cn-pp. B cv
A\mZn{]IrXnI GsXmw? CXns\ hniZoIcnpp
5. APmtaImw temlnX ipIrjvWmw
hox {]Pmx krP-am\mw kcq]mx
AtPm tlytIm PpjamtWm\ptitX
Plm-tXy\mw `pt`mKmatPm\yx.
Ign a{n kqNn-n cp {]Ir-XnIfn
HmIs KoX-bn hn-n- cn-pp A]c-bmIpp.
AXn\v Fp t`Zfpw ]dn-cn- pp. CXv Xs A[n-
jvTmXmhmb ]c-atZh]c- ta- iz- cs kmn- [yn Xt-
Xs kmZr- iy- n AXm- bXv {Xnp- Kp- a- b- amb
AkwJyw PohtZlsf krjv Sn- n- cn- p. {XnKpWambn
AYhm {XnKpWm- Iamb- Xn\m CXns\ {Xnh- tfm
SpIqSnbXv Fp ]dbpp. kXzw, cPv , Xav Cu aqp
KpW Xs CXns aqph--fmIpp. kXz-
KpWw \nehpw AXpt]mse {]ImiIhpamb-Xn-\m
AXns\ tizX- sap IcpXpp. ctPmKpWw cmKm- Iam
Ipp. AXn- \m AXns hw Nphmbn IcpXpp.
AX- t]mse XtamKpWw Am\cq]ns Bhc- W
tmSpIqSnb- XmIbm Irjv Whambn ]db- sSpp.
Cu aqp KpW-tfmSpw-IqSn {]Ir-Xnsb shfpv, Nph
v , Idpv Fo h- - fn ]db- s- Spp. cma- tXv
Pohcq]amb ]c AYhm tNX\m{]IrXnbpsS \mam
t{X F t]cnepw AXpt]mse A- c- ]pcpjs
\manepw h\w sNs- ncnpp. AXn\v cp `mK
- fpv . HmatXv A]cm {]IrXnbn Bk- \mbnv
AXnt\mSv sFIyw {]m]nv AXns hnNn{X- - fmb t`mK
sf X-fpsS I-\pkc- Wamb\p`hn- p
PohnI, cmatXv bmsXmcp Cu t`mKsfmw
A\p`hnnv Chsb \nmcfpw W`wKpcfpambn
-cpXn ]cn-]q-ambpw ]cn-XyPn-p m\n-Ifmb
alm]pcpjmcpsS kaqlw. Cu cn- \-nepw s]n-p
- h APmfpw A\mZnIfpamIpp. CXn\m Chsc
"APm' Fp hnfnpp.*
kw_w ]cm{]Ir- Xn- cq]amb B PohkapZmb- n\v
Ftm Fs\ hnap-amIphm Ign-bpp Fp
ASp cp a{-fn- embn ]dbpp
6. Zzm kp]m kbpPm kJmbm
kam\w hrw ]cn-jkz-PmtX
Xtbmc\yx ]new kzmZz-Xy
\iv\-t\ym A`n-NmI-ioXn.
Cu a{n icocs Aiz-- hr-nsbpw
Pohmmhnsbpw ]c-ammhn- sbpw ]nIfpsSbpw
cq]n hnncn- pp. CXpt]mseXs ItTm]\n
jn Pohmmhns\bpw ]c- ammhns\bpw Kpl-bn
{]hn- jvSamb \ng- en- sbpw {]Imin- sbpw cq]n
hn- n- cn- pp. cp m\- -fptSbpw `mhw HpX-
s. a{ns kmcmwiw a\pjyicocw Bhr-
n\p ka- amIpp FmWv . Cuiz- c\pw Pohmmhpw
Ch cpw Hnp hkn-p cp ]n-Isf-tmse
bp an{X- - fmIpp. Ch c pw Cu icoc- cq]amIp
hrn Hnv Htc lrZb- cq]amIp amfn \nh
kn- pp. icoc-n hknpsImv {]mcm_v[- -
\pkcWambn Cu hrns ^etfm Fp tXmp
amdv kpJ-ZpxJ cq]- fmb I^- esf {]m]n- pp.
Cu ^esf Pohm- cq]amIp ]n AXn- kzmtZmSp
IqSn `pPnpp. AXmbXv ljtimIsf A\p`hnp
sImp I^-es t`mKnpp. cmas Cuiz- c-
cq]amIp ]n Cu ^esf `npn. IpsIm
pam{Xw Ccnpp. AXmbXv Cu icoc-m {]m]vX-
-fmb kpJ- ZpxJ-sf AXv BkzZn- pn; AhbpsS
kmnam{Xambnocp- tXbpq. ]c- ammhns\- tmse
Pohmmhpw ZiI am{XambncnpIbmsWn ]ns
CXn\v AhtbmSp bmsXmcp kw_hpw Ahtijnp
n-. Cs\ Xs Pohmmhns kw_-nepw
apa{fn ]d- ncnpXpt]mse AXp {]IrXnsb
A\p`hnXn-\ptijw AXns\ \nmc-ambn ]cn-KWnv
]cnXyPn-pp. AXn\npw apJs ]nn-cnpp.
AXns\ kw_n-nStmfw ]noSv {]IrXnbpsS AXm
bXv PKns k Xs CmXmbn- ocpp. ]ns-
bmIs AXpw AXns an{Xhpw Chcpw am{Xw
Ahtijn- pIbpw ]c- kv ]cw an{XXbpsS B\w A\p
`hn- pIbpw sNpp.
7. kamt\ hrt ]pcptjm \na-tm
\oibm timNXn aplyam\x
PqjvSw bZm ]iyXy\yaoi
aky aln-am\-anXn hoXtimIx.
Cu icoc-cq]amIp Htc hr-n lrZb-cq]am
Ip IqSn\pn ]c- ammhnt\msSmp IgnpIqSp
Cu Pohmmhv XtmSpIqSn hkn-p ]ca kplr-
I K
N P
155
mb ]c- ta-iz- cs t\sc Zrjv SnIfpbmsX Cu ico
c- ns Bk-ambnv taml--fn \na-ambn
icoc- tmSv AXyw aaX ]pen-smv AXphgn-
bmbn t`mKsf D]t`mKnp- Xn X- c- XtbmSpIqSn
hknv Aka-X-bmepw Zo\X-bmepw tamln-X-ambn
\m\m{]Imc- -fn-epap ZpxJ- sf A\p- `-hn-p- sIm
pIgnbpp. Ftmsgnepw Chs-ta `Khms Zb-
bpmIptm Ch Xn\npw `nhpw Xtm
sSmp hkn- p- Xpamb ]c-a{]n-b\mb `Khms\ Xncn-
dnbpp. bmsXmcp `- P\- fm \nc- cw tkhn
X\mbncnp B ]c-taiz- c- s\bpw AXpt]mse Atl-
ns B-cya-bn-bmb alna-tbbpw PKn `n-`n-
- {]Imc- - fn {]ISambnsmn-cn-p- Xns\ Zinp
Ignbptms Ah kYm timIc-ln- X-\mbn-
ocpp.
8. EtNm Atc ]cta thyma
bkv an tZhm A[n hntiz \ntjZpx
bkv Xw \ thZ InarNm Icn-jyXn
b CXv XZv hnZpkvX Cta kamktX.
]c- {_- ]c-taiz- cs BImikz- cq]amIp ]c- a- [m
a-n ka-kvX-tZhKW AXmbXv B ]c-amm
hns ]mjZKW B ]ctaizcs\ tkhnpsImp
\nhknpp. AhnsSs kakv X- thZfpw ]mj
ZmcpsS cq]n aqn-a- mb `Khmsd tkh\- a-
\pjvTnpp. bmsXmcp a\pjy B ]ca[man hkn
p ]c- {_ ]pcptjm-as\ AdnbmXncnppthm
ka-kv X-thZfpw Atl-n\v tkh\-a-\pjvTnp
Atlns Xs AwK`qXamIp ]mjZvamsc cl
kys Adn-bmXn-cn-ppthm, Ah thZ hgn-
bmbn Fp {]tbmP\w t\Spw? AXmbXv bmsXmpw t\Sp
hm km[n- pIbn-. Fm bmsXmcp B ]c-am
mhns\ XmXznIambn {Klnpphthm Ah\mIs B
]c- a-[manXs kay-mbhn-[- n nXn-sNp
p. AXmbXv Ahn-sS-\npw Hcn-epw Xncn-pt]mcp
-n.
9. Omwkn bmx {IXth {hXm\n
`qXw `hyw b thZm hZn
bkv ammbo krPtX hniz-ta-XXv.
Xkvanw mt\ym ambbm kw\n-cpx.
ka-kv X-thZcq]amb O-pI, b, {IXp
AXmbXv tPymXn-jvtSmamZn hntij b,
\m\m{]Imc- nep {hX, k, kZmNm
c-, AhbpsS \nb- a- AXpt]mse ap`qXw,
h-am\w, `mhn ]Zm ChbpsS h\w thZ
- fn ImWs-Spp. Chsb- mnt\bpw {]IrXnbpsS
A[n- jv Tn- Xmhmb ]c- ta- iz-cXs Xs Awi`qX- ambn
t\ct ]dn- cn-pp. ]- `qXmZn XXz-kapZmb-
fn\npw cNn-n-cn--p. C{]Imcw cNn- s- n- cn-
Cu PKn aph AXmbXv t\cs hn- np
m\n- Ifmb alm]pcpjmcn\npw `n-ambn Poh
kapZm-b- amIp-am- b-bn _n--s-ncn-pp. Xs-
kzmanbmb ]c{_]c- taizcs\ kmmXvIcnmXncnp
-Xphsc Ah\v Cu {]Ir-Xn-bn\npw tamN\w t\Sp
hm km[n- pn- . AXn\m a\pjyv B ]c- amm
hns\ Adnbp- Xn\pw {]m]n-p- Xn\pap D- Samb
A`nemjw Dmbn- cn- - Ww.
10. ambmw Xp {]IrXnw hnZymmbn\w Xp
atl- izcw
Xkym- hb- h`qssX-kvXp- hym]vXw
kanZw PK-Xv.
Cu {]IcWn bmsXmns\ ambbpsS \man
hnncnppthm AXmIs `Khms incq]{]Ir
Xnbpw B ambm\mam Adn- b- s- Sp in- cq]{]Ir
XnbpsS A[n]Xn ]c- {_-]c- taizc\mb atlizc- \pamIp
p. Cs\ Ch cn- t\bpw {]tXyIw {]tXyIambn a\-
nem- Ww. B ]c- taizcs incq]{]IrXnbpsSXs
AwK`qX- amb Imc-WImcy kapZmb- m Cu kq-
PKp hym]v Xambn- smn- cnpp.
11. tbm tbm\nw tbm\n-a-[n-Xn-jvT-tXytIm
bkv an-nZw k N hn ssNXn khw
Xaoim\w hcZw tZh-aoUyw
\nNmtamw imn-a-Xyta-Xn.
]c- {_ ]c- taizc Hmtcm tbm\nbptSbpw GI\mb
Ay\mIpp. Atlw temIn F{X {]Imc- -
fn- ep Imc-W AwKoIcn-s-n- cnppthm Ah
bpsS Fmw A[njv TmXmhmIpp. Ahbn GsXnepw
Imcys D- hnnp- Xn\p in kImc- W\mb
B ]c- ammhntdXmWv. Atl- ns tat\mn
Xs Ah B Imcy-sfmw Dev]-ampp. B ]c-
ta- iz-c Xs AhbpsS Fmw ta`cWw \Spp.
AhbpsS Fm hyhIfpw bYmtbmKyw \S- - s-Sp
Ibpw sNpp. Cu Fm temIfpw {]f-b-Imev
At- l- ns hneo- \- am- Ip- Ibpw AXp-t]mse
hopapmIp krjvSn- Ime Atl- n\np
Xs hnhn[ cq]fn D- hnpIbpw sNpp. k
\n- b-a-mhpw hc-Zmb- I\pw GIam{X-kvXpXn-tbmKy\pw
kkplrpw Bb ]ctaizc-]c- ammhns\ Adn-
nv Cu Pohn- I \nc-cw kw`hn-psImn-cn- p
]c-a\nmWcq]amb imnsb {]m]npp.
12. tbm tZhm\mw {]`htm- h
hniz-[nt]m cpt{Zm aljnx
lnc-WyK`w ]iyX Pmb-am\w
k t\m _pym ip`bm kwbp-\-p.
I K
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156
AJnetbpw Xt- Xmb `c-Wn hpsImn- cn
p cp{Zcq]tmSpIqSnb ]c- taizc C{mZn Fm tZh
X-Itfbpw krjvSn-pIbpw hfpIbpw sNpp.
AXpt]mse Fmnsbpw A[n]Xnbpw almm\-
k\pw Bbncn- pp. bmsXmcp krjv Sn-bpsS
Bcw- `n GhpamZyambn D- hn lnc-WyK`s
Incppthm AXmbXv bmsXmv {_mhns ]q
hnbmbncppthm B ]c- atZh\mb ]c- ammhv \ap
smw k_pn {]Zm\w sNtW. B k_pn
PohnIsf IeymWcq]\mb ]c- ammhntep tNp-
Xn- \p-XmIpp. Kmb- {Xoa- {nepw CtX _pn- pth
ns {]m\ \Spp. Cu D]\njns Bcw
`n Cu a{w hpIgn- n- pv.
13. tbm tZh-\ma-[nt]m bkvanw-tmIm A[n- {in-Xmx.
b Cuti Aky Zzn]ZXpjv]Zx Ikvssa tZhmb
lhnjm hnt[-a.
bmsXmcp k\nb- mhmb ]c- taizc kakv X tZh
IfptSbpw A[n]Xnbmbn- cnppthm bmsXmcp- \n
ka- kv X- temIfpw Fm {]Imc- nepw B{inXambncn-
ppthm bmsXmp qehpw kqv ahpw Ahy-
amb Ah- - bnXs Fm- hn- [- nepw Fm- n-
sbpw B{i- b- ambncnppthm bmsXmv cp ]mZ-
tfmSpw \mep]mZ-tfmSpw IqSnb- hbpsS-ta AXmbXv
Fm PohkapZmb- - fptS-bpw- ta Xs ANn- yin-
Zzmcm `cWw \Sppthm B B\- - cq]\pw km[m
c\pw kinam\pw Bb ]c- taizcs\ \apv {im
`n]qw lhncq]amIp ImgvN kaWw sNbvXp
sImv ]qPn- mw. AXm- bXv Fmw At- l- n\p
kaWw sNbvXpsImv Atl-n- t-XpXs-bmn
omw. CXpXs Atls {]m]n-p-Xn-\p
kl- P- amb D]mbw.
14. kqvam-Xn-kqvaw Ien-eky at[y
hnizky {kjv Sm-a-t\- Icq]w
hniz-sskyIw ]cn-th-jvSn-Xmcw
mXzm inhw imn-a-y-ta-Xn.
bmsXmcp ]c-{_-]c- am-mhv kqv at- m
AXyw kqv ambn-cn-ppthm AXmbXp bmsXmv
Atl- ns Ir] IqSmsX {Kln--s- Sp-n- tbm
bmsXmv kIeXnsbpw lrZb- Kplmcq]amIp cl-
kyktX- n nXn-sNppthm bmsXmv \tmSv
Ghpw ASpn-cn-ppthm bmsXmv AJn-e-temI
tbpw krjv Snppthm AXpt]mse kzbw hniz- cq]
ambn At\- I- cq- ]- sf [cn- p- sIm- n- cn- p- pthm
bmsXmp \ncmImc-cq]tmSpIqSn kakvX temI-
tfbpw Fm `mK-fn\npw hebw-sNbvXp hkn- p
pthm Ahbv s- map]cnbmbn GI\pw AZznXob Ieym
Wkz-cq]\pamb atlizc\ Adn-nv a\pjy \nXyw
\ne\n-evpXpw Akoahpw Ahn\minbpw AXn-ib
tmSpIqSn-b- Xpamb imnsb {]m]n-pp. FpsIm
sm B alm]pcpj Cu Aim-amb PKXv
{]]tmSp kYm kw_cln- X\pw hnc- -\pam
Ipp.
15. k Gh Imte `ph\ky tKm]vXm
hnizm[n]x k`qtXjp KqVmx.
bkv an bpm {_jtbm tZh-Xm
Xtahw mXzm arXyp]mimwivOn\-n.
bmsXmcps h\w IqsS- qsS sNs- ncnp
pthm B ]c- atZh ]c- taizc Xs kab- n\v AXm
bXv h- am\Ime kIe {_mWvUtbpw kwc-
n-p-Xpt]mse Atlw ]q PKns A[n-]
Xnbpw Fm PohnIfnepw Acyman- bmb cq]n Hfn-
ncn- p-h\pamIpp. Atl- ns thZc- l-
kysf Adnncnp aljnKWfpw Fm tZh
XIfpw [ym\w hgnbmbn kmyw {]m]n- ncnpp. Fm
hcpw Atls kv acnpIbpw Nnn-pIbpw sNbvXp
sImv Atl-ns ]n- tn-cn-pp. C{]
Imcw ]c- atZh\mb B ]ctaizcs\ Adnnv a\pjy
bacmPs Fm ]mitfbpw AXmbXp P\- \- ac- WIm
c-W`qX- - fmb Fm _\v[- \- -tfbpw apdnpIfbpp.
]noSv Ah Hcnepw {]IrXnbpsS _- \- n AI
s- Spn; Fs- t- bv pambn kYm ap- \mbno
cp- p.
16. LrXmXv]cw aWvUan-hmXn-kqvaw
mXzm inhw k`qtXjp KqVw.
hniz-sskyIw ]cn-th-jvSn-Xmcw
mXzm tZhw apNytX k]mssix.
sh-bpsS apI`mKp kmcmw- is-tmse
bmsXmv Fm- nsdbpw kmchpw AXp- t]mse
kqv ahpw BIppthm IeymWkzcq]\pw GIam{X- \p
amb B ]c-a-tZh ]c-ta-iz-cs\ Fm Pohn-Ifnepw Hfn-
n- cnp- h\mbpw AXpt]mse AJn- ePKnsbpw
Fm`mKfn\npw hebwsNbvXv AXns\ hym]vXam
p- h\pambn Adnnp a\pjy Fm _- \- - fn
\npw tamN\w {]m]npp.
17. Gj tZthm hniz-Im almm
kZm P\m\m lrZtb knhnjvSx
lrZm a\ojm a\-km`n-n]vtXm
b GXZv hnZpc-ar-XmkvtX `hn.
{]]- s krjv Sn Cu alm- mhv AXm- bXv
kinam\pw khym]nbpw Bb Cu ]ctaizc
kZmka- bhpw Fm a\pjycptSbpw lrZb- -fn kay
mb hn[-n nXn-sNpp. Atl-ns KpW
I K
N P
157
{]`mhsf {ihn- np {Zhn-Xhpw hnip-hpamb \ne
lr-ZbtmSpw \n- ebp-amb _pn-tbmSpw AXp
t]mse GIm{Kamb a\- phgn- bmbpw \nc- c- ambn [ym\n
m am{Xta B ]c- ammhp {]XyamIbpq. Cu cl-
kysf {Klnnp km[I Atls {]m]nv Aar
Xkzcq]\mbnocpp; Fstbvpambn P\- \- a- c-W
- fn \npw ap-\mIpp.
18. bZm Xa-kvX Znhm \ cm{Xn
\ k NmkRvOnh Gh tIhex
XZcw X-hn-XphtcWyw
{]m N XkvamXv {]krXm ]pcmWo.
bmsXm- cpkabw AmX- cq]amIp A- Imc-
ns A`mhw Dmbncnppthm B kabw {]Xy-
amIp XXzw ]Iepw cm{Xnbpw BIpn-. AXmbXv
AXns\ ]It]mse {]Imiab- ambpw cm{Xn- pXpeyw
AImc-ambpw ]d- bphm kmya-. FpsIms-
m AXv cn- s\- mfpw Akm[mc- WmIpp. AhnsS
m\mm\-fpsS t`Ztm Iev ]\Itm
m\- an-. AXv kpw Akpw BIpn- . AXns\
kspw Akspw ]dtb {]iv\ta DZn- pn-
. FpsImsm AXv kspw Aks-p
ap \mafm Adnb- s- Sp Fm hkvXptfmfpw
Ap- X- I- c- am- Wv . GI- am{X Ieym- W- kz- cq- ]- \mb
inhXs B XXz- amIpp. Atlw kYm Ahn\m
inbmIpp. kqcymZnIfmb Fm tZhIfptSbpw D]mky
tZh\mIpp. Atl- n\npXs BZn apX \ne
\nphcp Cu A\mZnbmb m\w hnImkw {]m]np
sImncnpp. AXmbXv ]c- ammhns\ Adnbp- Xn\pw
{]m]np- Xn\pwthnbp km[\ A[nImcnIfpsS ]c-
c-bn\npw {]m]vX- ambn \ne\nphcpp.
19. ss\\- aq[zw \ Xncyw \ at[y
]cn- {P-{K`Xv
\ Xky {]Xnam AkvXn bky \ma al-Zyix.
]e a{- - fnembn bmsXmns h\w \S- s-
n- cn- p- p- hthm ]ca {]m]yamb B ]c- {_- s
bmsXmcp a\pjy\pw apIfn \ntm Xmsg-\ntm CS-
bv p\ntm as- hnsS \nptam Ic-- amphm km[n
pn. FpsImsm AXp kYm A{Kmlyam
Ipp ]nSnbnsemXppn. CXns\ AdnbpIbpw {]m]n
pIbpw sNt-Xmb Imcyw imkv{X- fn ImWs-
Spp. Ahsb {]m]n-n- p- hp am{Xta AXns
clkyw a\- nemphm km[nppq. AXpw hmp
Ifm hy- amphm Ignbpn. FpsImsm
hmpIfpw a\pw Ahn-Sw-hsc Fpn-. AXv Adn-
bp-Xn\pw Adn-bn-p-Xn\pw ]p Fm hkv Xp
pw AXoX-amIpp. bmsXmns \maw "almb-
ikvkv' BIppthm bmsXmns almbiv k{X
{]knambncnppthm B ]cm]c- {_n\p bmsXmcp
D]aIfpw {Klnp-Xn\pw {Klnn- p- Xn\pw km[yam
I- hn[- n ImWs- Spn. AXn\m a\pjy B
]c- aamb XXzs Adnbp- Xn\pw {]m]npXn\pw A`n
emjap- hcmbncn- Ww. FpsImsm a\pjyv
AXp e`n- p- XmsWn \appaXp e`n- Ww.
20. \ kwZrti XnjvTXn cq]aky
\Npjm ]iyXn I-ss\\w.
lrZm lrZnw a\km b G\
tahw hnZpc-ar-XmkvtX `hn.
bmsXmns {]IcWw \SpsImncnppthm B
]ca {]m]y\mb ]c- ammhns kzcq]w Zrjv Sn]Y- n
\npn. km[- I a\- phgnbmbn Atls Nnn
ptm hnip-amb AxIc- Wn Hmtcmc ka- b-
mbn B\- -ab-\mb ]c- ta- izcs kzcq]ns ann
a- d-b DmIpp. Fm AXv \n- eambn- mWs
Spn. Cu ]cammhns\ Bpw {]mIrX- fmb t\{X
hgn-bmbn Zin-phm km[n-pn-. bmsXmcp
\v Cu ]c- ammhv kzbw Ir]tbmSpIqSn ZnhyZrjvSn
{]Zm\w sNbvXn- cnppthm Ah\p am{Xw Atls
Znhyt\-{X--fm Zin-phm Ign-bpp. bmsXmcp
km[I C{]Imcw Cu clkyw a\- n- emn Xs lrZ
b- n nXn-sNpp. Cu A-cyman-bmb ]c-amm
hns\ Atl-s KpWw, {]`mhw Chsb {ihn-nv
`n`mhm {ZhnXamb lrZbwhgnbmbpw \neamb
a\-phgn-bmbpw \nc-cw Atls NnnpsImp
a\-n- emppthm Ah Aa-c-\mbnocpp \nXy
ambn P\- \- a- c- W- fn \npw ap-\mbnocpp.
kw_w C{]Imcw ]c- taizcs kzcq]tbpw At
l- ns {]m]vXnbpsS ^etbpw hnhcnnv C\n cp
a{- fnembn BZyw apnpthnbpw ]noSv kmwkm
cn- I- fmb `b-fn \np cbvpthnbpw B
]c- taizc- t\mSp {]mnp- Xn\p {]Imc- sf \nt
inp- p.
21. APmX CtXyhw InZv `ocpx {]]ZytX
cp{Zbt ZnWw apJw tX\ amw
]mln \nXyw.
tl cp{Zm, kIen-sbpw kwlmc-I\mb ]c- ta-iz-
cm, Av kzbw AP-mhmIpp. AXn-\m aph
tcbpw P\- \- ac- W- fn\np ap- cmpXv A- bpsS
kz`mhamWtm? CXphn-Nmcnv P\-\- a-c-Wsf `bs-
psImn-cnp km[I Cu kwkmc- N{In\npw
tamN\w t\SpXn\pthn Asb icWw {]m]npp.
Rm\pw Cu kmwkmcnI N{In\npw tamN\w t\Sp
- Xn- \pthn Asb icWw {]m]n- pp. AXn\m
I K
N P
158
bmsXmv A-bpsS heXpapJ-amIppthm AXmbXv
bmsXmv A-bpsS IeymWa- bamb kzcq]ambn- cnp
pthm AXphgnbmbn Av Fs Cu P\\- ac-Wcq]
amb alm`b-n\npw Fs-t- bv pambn cn- m
epw. Fs \nXyambn Cu `bn\npw ap-amn-
bmepw.
22. am \kvtXmtI X\tb am \ Bbpjn
am t\m tKjp
am t\m Atizjp cocn-jx. hocmm t\m
cp{Z `man
tXm h[o lhn-jvax kZanXzm lhma-tl.
kIetbpw kwl-cn-p-h\mb tl cp{ZtZhm,
R \m\m{]Imc- nep ImgvNI kanpsImv
Ftmgpw Asb hnfn-psImp hkn-pp. Ap
Xs Rsf cn-p- Xn kUYm ka\mIp
p. AXn\m Av R- fpsS- ta Hcnepw Ip]nX- \m
ImXncnq. AXpt]mse Ip]nX\mbnv R- fpsS ]p{X]u
{X- mpw RfpsS Bbpn\pw IpXnc apXemb arK
pw Hcn-epw bmsXmcp hn[- n-epap Xw
Gev]nmXncn- tW. R- fpsS hoc- mcmb ]pcpjmsc
\innmXncn- tW. AXmbXv Fm {]Imcnepw R-
tfbpw R- fpsS [\-tbpw P\- -tfbpw cn- mepw.
]-am- ymbw
1. tZz Atc {_-]tc Xz\t
hnZymhntZy \nlntX b{X KqtV
cw XzhnZym lyarXw Xp hnZym
hnZymhntZ CuitX bkv Xp tkm\yx.
bmsXmcp ]c-ta-iz-c {_-s-mfpw AXyw
t{ijvT\mbncnppthm Xs amb- bpsS ad-bn Hfnn
cn- ppthm koamc- ln-X\pw Ahn\min-bpambn-cn-p
pthm AXm- bXv bmsXm- cp- tZi- Im- ep
khvYm AXoX-\mbn- cn-ppthm bmsXmcp\v Hcn-
epw Hcp {]Imc- nepw hn\miw kw`hnphm km[y
amXncnppthm A{]Imc- ap ]c- ammhn hnZybpw
AhnZybpw hncmPn-psImn-cnpp. AXmbXv cpw
bmsXm- cp-s B[m-c-n- t Dd-n- cn- p- pthm
Atlw ]q-{_- ]pcptjm--a Xs-bmIpp.
ChnsS ]cnh- \ioew IqSpIbpw Ipd- bpIbpw sNbv Xp
sIm- n- cn- p Dn hn\mikoec- X- Xzs
AhnZy F t]cn ]d- ncnpp. FpsImsm
AXv PUw BIpp. AXn hnZybpsS, m\- ns,
kYm A`mhw Dmbncn-pp. AXn-\phn-cp-ambn
bmsXmp P\-\- a-c-W-fn cln-X-ambn-cn- ppthm
bmsXmv IqSpIbpw Ipd- bpIbpw sNmXn- cnppthm
B Ahn-\min-IqS--XXzw (PohkapZmbw) hnZy F
t]cn hnfn- s- Spp. FpsImsm AXv tNX\-
bmIpp. hnm\- a- b- amIpp. bmsXmcp Cu hnZy
sbpw AhnZysb- pap t]cn hnfn--s-Sp c-
nsbpw A- c- nsbpw ta `cWw \Sppthm
cn- sbpw kzman-bmbn-cn- ppthm cpw bmsXmcp
s inbpw {]Ir-Xnbpw Bbn- cn- ppthm B ]c-
ta-izc Cu cn-s\- mfpw A\y\pw XnIpw km[mc-
W\pamIpp.
2. tbm tbm\nw tbm\n-a-[n-Xn-jvT-tXytIm
hnizm\n cq]mWn tbm\o kmx
Ejnw {]kqXw I]new bkv X- at{K
mss\_n-`n Pmb-am\w N ]tiyXv.
Cu {]].n tZhI, a\pjy, arK, ]n
I, IoS, Nn{Xie` apXembn F{Xtbm tbm\n
I ImWs- Spp. AXpt]mse Hmtcmn\pw `n- - fmb
cq]-fpapv. Ahsb-mn-sbpw AhbpsS Imc-W
cq]-fmb ]- a-l-`qXmZn-bmb Fm XXz--fptSbpw
A[n- ]Xnbmbn- cnpXp bmsXmcpt\m AXmbXv Ch
sbmw bmsXmcps A[o\- n-embn-cn-ppthm
bmsXmcp GhpamZyw PsaSp I]ne aljnsb
AXmbXv lnc- WyK`\mb {_mhns\ Hmtcm k-n
sbpw BZnbn Fm {]Imc- nepap m\-- fm
]cn- ]pjv S-ampIbpw Fm {]Imc- nepap m\-
m k- amn krjv SnpIbpw AXpt]me bmsXm
cp Ghpw BZyambn D- hnnv B lnc- WyK`s
Zin-p-Ibpw sNbvXpthm Atlw Xs-bm-Ipp.
kinam\pw km[mchpw AJnentbpw kzman
bpamb ]c- {_ ]pcptjm- a.
3. GssIIw Pmew _lp[m hnIph
kvan tt{X kwl-ctXyj tZhx
`qbx krjvSzm ]X- b-kvX-tYix
khm[n-]Xyw IpcptX almm.
bmsXmcps {]Ic- W XpSpsImn- cnp
pthm ]c-atZh\mb B ]c-taiz- c Cu {]]- cq]am
Ip t{Xn krjvSnImen Hmtcmtcm kaql-
sf AXmbXv _pn apX- emb- hbpw BImimZnIfmb
Xs {]IrXnIsf ]e{]Imc- n hn`Pnnv Hmtcmn\pw
`n-`n- - amb cq]hpw \mahpw inbpw \In Ahsb
hnI-kn- n- p- Ibpw kzbw sXs {]f- b- Im- en
Ahsb Fmw kwl- cnpIpbw sNbvXpsImncnpp.
almmhmb B ]c-ta-iz-c krjvSn-Imen, ap
{]mhiys-tm-seXs ka-kvX- temI-tfbpw Ah
bpsS A[n]mscbpw krjvSnnv kzbw Ahsb- mn-
sbpw A[njv TmXmhmbn AhbpsSta `cWw \Sp
p. Atl-ns eoe ANn- y-fmIpp. Nnn-p
I K
N P
159
- XpsImv Atl- ns clky a\nemphm
km[np- Xpa- . Atl- ns `- mXs B eoe
IfpsS cl-kys am{Xta Aev]ambn a\-n- emp
pq.
4. khm Zni Du[za-[ XncyIv
{]Imib {`mPtX bZz-\-Uvhm
Ghw k tZh `Khm htctWym
tbm\nkz`mhm\ [n XnjvTtXyIx.
F{]Imcw Cu kqcy Cu {]]s Fm `mK-
fn \npw {]IminnpsImp hncmPnppthm AtX
{]Imcw B `Khm khn[ sFizcyfm k
\pw Fmhcmepw `P\-tbmKy\pamb ]c- atZh]c- ta-iz-
c GI\mbn-s ka-kvX- Imc-Wcq]- fmb Xs
`n-`ninIfpsS A[n- jvTmXmhmbn Ahsb- sbmw
\bnpsImn-cn-pp. Fmn\pw AXmXpIfptSXmb
Imcy \S-p-Xn-\p kmayw \In bYm
tbmKyw {]h- \- -fn hym]rX\mbncn- pp.
kw_w apIfn ]dn- cn-p Imcyn\v C\n
kv]jv SoIcWw \Ipp.
5. b kz`mhw ]NXn hniz-tbm\nx
]mNymw khm ]cn-Wma-tbZv bx
kh-ta-XZv hniz-a-[n-Xn-jv TtXytIm
KpWmw khm hn\n-tbmP-tbZv bx.
bmsXmv Cu kq-hn-iz-ns Imc-WamIp
pthm AXmbXv bmsXmn\p ap bmsXmcp Imc- Whpw
CmXncnppthm, PKns Imc- Wcq]- fmbn ]db-
s-Sp Fm XXz--fptSbpw in-cq] kz`mhs
bmsXmcp Xs kev]cq]amIp X]m ]mI
s- Spppthm AXmbXv BImimZnIfmb Fm XXz-
fptSbpw `n- -fmb in- I {]f-b-Imen ep]vX-
ambn-Xocppthm, Ahsb Xs kev]Zzmcm hopw
{]XysSppIbpw {]Xyams inIsf \m\m
cq]-fn ]cn-h-\-s- Spn Cu hnNn-{Xamb PK
ns\ krjvSn- pIbpw sNpp. AXpt]mse kXzmZn
{XnKp-W-fptSbpw Ah-bn\n-p-hn-np hkv Xp
Iv J-fpsS Pohn- ItfmSpIqSn- bp AhbpsS Im\pkr-
Xamb kw_tbpw bYmtbmKyw m]npsImn-
cn-pp. C{]Imcw bmsXmcp X\n-sb-Xs Cu
kq- P-Kns Fmhyh-Ifpw \Sn CXns-
ta `cWw \S- ppthm Atlw kin-am\mb
]c- {_-]c- ta- izc-\mIp- p.
6. XZv thZKp-tlym]\n-jp KpVw
XZv {_m thZtX {_-tbm\nw
tb ]q-tZhm Ejb XZzn-Zp
kvtX Xbm AarXm ssh _`phpx.
B ]c- {_- ]c-ammhns\ thZfpsS cl-kyhnZym
cq]amb D]\n-jp- fn Hfn-n-cn-pp. AXmbXv
Atlns kzcq]h\w D]\njp-fn cl- ky
ambn sN-s- n-cn-pp. thZw ]pds-Xpw At-l-
n\n- pXsbm- Ip- p. C{]- Imcw thZ- - fn
adncnp- h\pw thZfpsS {]mISym\hpamb B
]c- ta-izcs\ {_mhv Adn-bpp. AtlsqSmsX
as- {Xtbm ]qhnIfmb tZhIfpw Ejnamcpw At
ls Adn- n- cn- p- pthm Ah- scmw At- l-
ns hneo\-cmbn B\--kz-cq]- a-mcmbn- ocp
p. AXn- \m kin-am\pw km[mchpw AJn- e
nsbpw A[oi\pamb ]cammhns\ apIfn ]d
{]Imc- n AwKoIcnnv Atls Adnbp- Xn\pw
{]m]n- p- Xn\pw a\pjy X- c- cmbnoc- Ww.
kw_w ]c-ta-iz-c Fm Pnhn- Itfbpw AhbpsS
Im\pkrXamb KpW- tfmSpIqSn kwtbmPnnncnp
p. AXn- \m Pohmmhnsd kzcq]hpw \m\mtbm\n-
IfnqSn Ncn- p\\-Xn\p Imc-Whpw ]dbp- Xn- \p
thn {]tXyI {]Ic- W Bcw- `n- pp.
7. KpWm\zmtbm bx ^eIIm
IrX-kyXsskyh k tNm]t`mm.
k hniz-cq]kv{XnKp-Wkv {Xn-hm
{]mWm[n]x kwNcXn kzI`nx.
Cu a{n {]IcWw Bcw- `np-XpXs Pohm
mhn\p "KpWm\zb' hntijWwsImmWv. bmsXmv
PohKpW- fm _n- s {]IrXnbn nXnsNp
-Xmbncnppthm AXv P\-\a- c- WamIp Cu kwkm
c- N{In Idnsmncn- pp. bmsXmv KpWmXo
X-ambn-cn-ppthm AXp Idpn-. bmsXmcp Pohm
mhv kXzw, cP-v, Xav Fo {XnKpW- fm _n-
- s-ncnppthm AXp \m\m{]Imc--fn-ep I
^ecq]fmb t`mKfpsS {]m]vXnpthn \m\m{]Im
c-n-epap I sNpIpbw Xm sNs
B I- fpsS ^ew A\p`hn- p- Xn- \pthn hnhn-[-
tbm\nIfn P-sa- Spp hn`n-cq]-fn {]Xys-
SpIbpw FhnsSbmbncpmepw {XnKpW- fm bp- am
bn- cn-pIbpw sNpp.
kw_w Pohmmhns kzcq]w F-s\- bpXm
Ipp F tNmZyn\p adp]Sn ]dbpp.
8. AMvKpjvT-amt{Xm chn-Xpeycq]x
kwIev]mlw Imc-ka-\zntXm bx.
_ptKp- tW\m-Kp- tW\ ssNh
cm{K-amt{Xm Bly]tcm]n ZrjvSx.
a\pjylrZbw AwKpjv Tns Afhn IWm-
s- SpIbpw B lrZb- ns Pohmmhp hknp
Ibpw sNpp. AXn\m AXns\ AwKpjvTam{Xw (Aw-
I K
N P
160
Kp- jv T- ns Af- thm- Sp- Iq- Sn- b- Xv ) Fp ]d- bp- p.
AXns hmkv XhnIkz- cq]w kqcyt\- tmse {]Imiabw
(hn-m\- abw) BIpp. AXns\ Am\cq]amIp
A-Imcw kv ]in-p-tX-bn-. AXv kev]mepw
Almcmepw bp- am- s- ncnpp. AXn\m k
ev]cq]amIp _pn-bpsS KpWm Al-bpw aa-
Xbpw kw_- am-bn- cnp-XpIm- cWw kqNnap\-t]mse
AXyw kqv am- Im- c- tm- Sp- Iq- Sn- bXpw ]c- am- m-
hn\np `n- hpamIpp. Pohmmhns XXzs Adn
np m\nIfmb ]pcpjm KpW-fm bp-
amb Pohmmhns kzcq]s Cs\ Xs In- cn-
pp. Bmhns kzqcq]w hmkvX- hn AXyw
kqv a-amIpp. AXn-kqva- -fmb PUhkvXp-
AXns Xpe\n qe-fmbn-cn-pp. AXns
kqvaXXzs bmsXmcp PUhkvXp- fptSbpw Afhn
\m Af- s- Sphm km[ya. AXns eyw a\- n
emp- Xn\pthn am{Xw AXns\ kw_hkv Xphns
BImc- tmSpIqSn hntijnnpp. lrZb- tZip hkn
pXpImcWw AXns\ AwKpjvTam{X]cnamWsap ]d-
bpIbpw _pn- KpWn- sbpw AXpt]mse B- KpW
nsbpw kw_n\npw AXns\ kqNnap\- bpsS
BImc- tmSpIqSnbsXp ]dbpIbpw sNpp. _pn
apX-emb-hsb kqNn-ap-\- tbmSp-]an-pp. CXpsImp
Xs Pohmmhns\ ChnsS kqNnap\bv p kZriambn
]dncn- pp.
kw_w ]qa-{n bmsXmcp Pohmmhns
kzcq]s kqNnap\bvp kZriw kqvasap ]d-n
cnppthm AXns\ hopw kv ]jv S- ampp
9. hmem{KiX`mKky iX[m Iev]n-Xky N
`mtKm Pohx k hntbx k
Nm\-ymb Iev]tX.
]qa-{-n Pohmm-hns kzcq]w kqNn-ap
\bvpkZriw kqv a-sap ]dn- cn-pp. AXp
{Klnp- Xn {`aw kw`hnphm km[yXbpv. AXn
\m \Xpt]mse {KlnpXn\v hopw C{]Imcw ]d
bpp. [m\yaWn- bpsS ap\sb \apv Hcp \qd-IjW-
fmmw. ]ns Ahbn\npw Hsc- - sa- Snv AXns\
hopw \qdmbnv IjWnmw. Ahbn Hcp IjWn\v
F{Xam{Xw kqv aamIphm Ign- bptam AXmbXv [m\y
aWn- bpsS ap\sb ]Xn\mbnc-amn IjWn- m AXn
Hcp `mKn\v F{Xam{Xw kqvaamIphm km[nptam
AXn\p kam\-amWv Pohmmhns kzcq]w Fp a\-
n- em- Ww. Cu hnhcWw AXns kqv aXsb ey
amp- Xn- \pthnam{X- amWv. hmkv X- hn tNX\- bp
sSbpw kqv a- hkvXp-fpsSbpw kzcq]w PUqeh
kv Xp- fpsS D]abm a\- nemphm km[ya. Fp
sImsm [m\yaWnbpsS ap\- bpsS ]Xn\mbncn
Hcp `mKn\v BImin F{X-tZisf XS-bphm
km[n- ppthm A{Xbpw Pohmmhp XS- bpn- . tNX
\m-kqva- hkvXp- p PU-qetZitmSpIqSn
_- s- Sphm km[ya. AXnkqv aamsWncnnepw
q-ehkv Xp-fn k{X hym]v X-ambn-cn-phm
km[n-pp. CtX `mhs-Xs {Kln-n-p-Xn-\p
thn Ahkm\- n C{]Imcw ]dbpp. CXv C{Xbpw
kqv aamsWn- cnnepw A\- `mhm bp- ambn-
cn- p-Xn AXmbXv Akoa- amIpXn kaamIp
p. AXv PUP- Kn Fpw \ndn- cnpp.
10. ss\h kv{Xo \ ]pamt\jp ss]hmbw
\]pw- k-Ix.
bZv bcoc-amZt tX\ tX\ k bqPytX.
Pohmmhv hmkvXhn kv {Xobpa, ]pcpj\pa- .
\]pw- kIhpa. AXv Hcp icoc- n {]thinptm
AXpambn kwbp-sv As\-Xs Bbnocpp.
Cv kv {Xobmbncn- p Pohmmhv ASp P-n
]pcpj\mIpp. bmsXmv ]pcpj\mbncnppthm AXv
kv{Xobmbpw `hnpp. kv {Xo]pcpj\]pwkImZnt`Z
icocs kzoIcn- Xn\pta DmIp-XmIpp Fp
`mhw. Pohmmhv kt`Ziq\yamIpp. Fm D]m[n- I
fn \npw cln-X- amIpp.
11. kwIev]\-kv]i\-Zr-jv Sn-tamssl
{Kmkmw-_phrjvSym Nm-hn-hr- zn-P
Im\pKm\y\p{I- taW tZlo
mt\jp cq]mWy`n-kw-{]-]ZytX.
kev ]w, kv ]i\w, ZrjvSn, tamlw, t`mP\w, Pe]m
\w, hrjvSn Chsb-mw- sImp kPohamb icoc- ns
hrnbpw Phpw DmIpp. kv{Xo ]pcpjmcpsS ]c-
kv ]c- taml- ]qIamb kev]w, kv]i\w, hoWw
Ch hgn- bmbp kl- hmkw Dmbn- gn- m Pohm
mhv K`n hcpp. FmWv CXn `mhw. ]noSv
amXmhns t`mP\wsImpw Pe]m\wsImpw DmIp
t]mjImwi hgnbmbn AXns hfbpw P\- \hpw
\S- pp. cmas Bibw (`mhw) `n-`n- -tbm\nI
fn Pohs D- nbpw hfbpw `n-`n- {]Imc--
fn-emIpp FmWv. Nne tbm\n-Ifn-emIs Ba-ap-
bn\ns- t]mse kev]am{Xbns PohnIfpsS
t]mjWw \SpsImn-cnpp. Nne tbm\nIfn ]n
bpsS ap-bn\n-s-- t]mse Bk-n-tbmSpIqSnb
kv ]i\wsImp kw`hnpp. Nne tbm\nIfn ay
apXemb- hbnsetmse BkntbmSpIqSnb t\mw
sImpXs kw`hn-pp. ap Nne tbm\n-Ifn a\p
jycnepw arK-fnepwt]mse A- `Ww sImpw Pe
]m\w- sImpw kw`hnpp. Nne tbm\nIfn hre
XmZnIsftmse hrjv SnbpmIp am{Xbn kw`hnp
p. C{]Imcw \m\m{]Imc--fn kPoh icoc-- fpsS
kwc- Whpw XpjvSn-]pjv Sncq]hr-nbpw Phpw Dm
I K
N P
161
Ipp. Pohmmhv Xs I- \pkc- Wambn Ah
bpsS ^esf A\p`hnp- Xn\pthn C{]Imcw hn`n
- - fmb temI- fnqSn Ka\w-sNbvXpsImv Hn-
\ptijw Hs {Ia-n \m\micoc-sf XpS
bmbn kzoIcn- psImncn- pp.
kw_w CXns \m\mtbm\n- IfnqSn XpSbm
bp Ka-\mKa\w FpsImp kw`hn-pp? CXn
s\n hnhcnpp
12. qem\n kqvamWn _lq\n ssNh
cq]mWn tZlo kzKpssWhr-tWmXn.
{InbmKp-ssWcm-Kp-ssW tXjmw
kwtbmKtl-Xp-c-]tcm]n ZrjvSx.
Pohmmhp Xm sN- s I- fpsS kwkvm
c-- fmepw _pn, a\- v , C{nb- CXpt]mse ]- `q
X- Fn-hbpsS kapZmb cq]amIp icoc-ns
[- fmepw bp- ambncnp- XpImcWw Al, aaX
apXemb KpWp hio`qXambn At\- Ia- t\Iw ico
c- sf {]m]npp. AXmbXv icoc- ns [- fn
Al- bpw aa- Xbpw `mhnnv XZv cq]ambncnp \m\m
{]Imc--fnepap qehpw kqv ahpamb cq]sf
kzoIcn-pp. kzw Im\pkr-Xambn `n- `n- -tbm
\nIfn Pw kzoIcnpp. Fm C{]Imcw P-sa-
Spp-Xn CXv kzX- {-mcmbn-cn-pn. AXn- \m
kev ]hpw Ifpw A\pkcnv AXmXp tbm\nIfn
CXns\ _nnpXp amscm BIpp. Atlw ap]
d ]c- ta-iz- c- \mIpp, XXzm\n- I ZinpXpw
Atl- s- -s- bmWv . Ah Cu cl-kysf hfsc
\mbn {Klnncnpp. ChnsS I- fpsS kwkv m
c-\maw {InbmKpWw FmIpp. Fm XXz--fptSbpw
kapZmb cq]amIp icocs ImWpI, {ihn- pI apX
emb in-IfpsS \maw B-KpWw FmIpp. Ch
bpsS kw_m Pohmmhn hp`hnp Al-
, aaX, Bkn apXemb- hbpsS \maw kzKpWw Fp
am- Ipp.
kw_w A\mZnImewapX \ne\nphcp Cu P\-
\-ac-Wcq]amIp _- n\npw tamN\w {]m]np
-Xn\p D]mbw FmWv ? CXns\ hnhcnpp.
13. A\mZy\w Ien-ekyat[y
hnizky {kjv Sm-c-a-t\-Icq]w
hniz-sskyIw ]cn-th-jvSn-Xmcw
mXzm tZhw apNytX k]mssi.
]qa{n bmsXmcps\ Pohmmhns \m\m
tbm\nItfmSpw kw_s- Spp- h\mbn ]dncnp
pthm bmsXmcp A-cyman- cq]n a\pjycpsS
lrZb- cq-]amIp Kpl- bn nXn-sNpIbpw AXp
t]mse \ncmImc- cq]tmSpIqSnb temIw apgph hym]n
ncnpIbpw sNppthm bmsXmcp- \v BZnbpahp
an- mXn-cn- ppthm AXmbXv bmsXmv Dev ]n, hn\m
iw, hrn- bw apX- emb hnImc--fm kYm iq\y
\mbncnppthm kZm GIc- k\mbncnppthm bmsXm
cp Fm temI-tfbpw krjvSn- nv hnhn- [-cq]-
fn {]Xy-s- SpIbpw Cu temIs apgph Fm`m
Kp\npw hebw sNbvXncnpIbpw sNppthm GI
am{X\pw km[mc\pw kinam\pw Fmns\bpw
`cn- p-h\pw ktiz- c- \pamb B ]c-{_ ]pcptjm
- as\ AdnpsImv Cu Pohmmhv Fs- tbv p
ambn Fm _- \- - fn\npw XnIpw tamN\w {]m]n
pp.
kw_w C\n D]kwlmc- ambn apIfn ]dnp
Imcysf HpIqSn hyamnsmp ]c- am {]m]vXn
p D]mbs hnhcnpp.
14. `mh{Kmlya\oUmJyw `mhm`mhIcw inhw.
Iemk-Icw tZhw tb hnZpkvtX
Plp- kvX- \pw.
B ]c-{_ ]c-ta-iz-c B{i-b- c-ln-X AXmbXv
icoc- c-ln-X BIpp. AXpt]mse PKns D-
nbpw kwlmchpw \Sp- h\pw ]Xn\mdp IeItfbpw
krjvSnh\pamIpp. C- s\sbmsbmsWnepw Ieym
Wkz-cq]\pw B\-- a-b-\pamb B ]c-ta-iz-cs\ {i,
`n, t{]a-`mhw Ch-bm {Kln- phm Ign-bpp.
bmsXmcp a\pjy ]c-atZh\mb B ]c- ta- iz- cs\ Adn-
bp-pthm Ah ico-c- tmSp Xs _s
Fstbvpambn Dt]npp. AXmbXv Cu kwkm
c- N{In\npw Fs- tbv pambn tamNns- Spp.
Cu clkyw a\-n-emn a\pjy Ign-bpXpw thK
n ]ca klr-Zb\pw ]c-a-Zbmephpw ]c-a-t{]anbpw
kinam\pw km[mc\pw ktizc\pamb B ]c-
ammhns\ AdnbpnX\pw {]m]np- Xn\pw hy{Kcmbn
{i-tbmSpw `n`mhtmSpw Atl- ns Bcm[- \-
bn hym]rX- cmbncn--Ww.
jjvTm- ymbw
1. kz`mhtatI Ihtbm hZn
Imew XYmt\y ]cn-ap-lyam\mx
tZh-sskyj alnam Xp temtI
tbt\Zw {`maytX {_-N{Iw.
Cu PK-ns ImcWw kzm`mhn-Iamb- Xm-sWv
F{Xtbm BfpI ]dn- cn-pp. ]Zm-fn
bmsXmcp kzm`mhn- Iamb inbpmbncn- pp. An
bn Cu PKns Imc- WamIpp. apNn- e ]dbpXv
ImeamWv Cu PKnsd Imc- WamIp- sXmWv. Fp
sImsm Hmtcmtcm Ime--fnepw hkvXpKX-amb
I K
N P
162
in {]ISambnsmn-cn- pp. Fm sshm\n
I {`a- fn AIs- ncn- pp. AXn\m Chv Cu
PKns hmkvXhn- Iamb ImcWw Adnbphm Ign- bp
n. hmkvXhn CXv ]c-a- tZh\pw kin-am\p
amb ]c- ta-iz-cs aln- a- X- s- bmIpp. PKns hnNn
{Xamb cN\ Ipw Nnnpw Ignm Atl- ns
alXzw {]IS-amIpw. Atlw Imepw kz`mhm
ZnIfmb Fm Imc- Wpw A[n]XnbmWv. Atlw
hgnbmbn Cu kwkmc-N{Iw Id-s-SpIbpw sNpp.
Cu clkyw a\- n- emn Cu N{In\npw tamN\w
t\Sp- Xn-\pthn Atls icWw {]m]n-Ww.
2. tb\mhrXw \nXyanZw ln khw
x ImeImtem KpWokhnZyx
tXt\-inXw I hnhtX l
]rYz]vtX tPm\neJm\n Nnyw.
bmsXmcp PKnb-mhpw PKZm[mchpw Bb ]c-ta-
iz-c-\m ]qamb Cu PKv Ftmgpw Fm Ah
- Ifnepw hym]X- ambnc- ppthm bmsXmcp Ime
nsbpw almIme\mbncnppthm AXmbXv bmsXm
cp- m\- kz- cq- ]\pw Nn- - b\pw ]c- am- mhpw
kplrpw kakvX ZnhyKp-W-fm \nXy-k\pw
Bbncn-pphthm Fm KpWfpw bmsXmcps
kzcq]`qXhpw m\-hpambncnppthm bmsXmcpX- X
kakvX {_mWv Utbpw \mb- dnncn- ppthm
Atl- ms \S- s-Sp Cu PKNv N{Iw \nb-
a-]qIam-bn- s Nen-p-sIm-n- cn-p-p. Atlw
]rYzn, Pew, tXPv, hmbp, BImiw Fo ]-a-lm`q
XfpsSta `cWw \Snsmv Chsb XmmfpsS
Imcy {]hn- p- Xn\p in{]Zm\w sNbvXp
{]hnnpsImn-cn-pp. Atl- ns intbm
SpIqSn-b- msX Chbvv Hpw sNphm km[n- pn-
. Cu clkyw a\-n- emn- bnv a\pjy kin- am
\mb B ]c- taizcs\ D]cypamb `mhtmSpIqSn Nnn
- Ww.
3. XXvI IrXzm hn\n-hy `qb
kvXzky Xtz\ ktaXy tbmKw
FtI\ Zzm`ymw {Xn`n-c- jvS-`nhm
Imte\ ssNhm--Kp-ssW kqvssax.
]ctaizcXs Xs in`qXamb aqe{]IrXnbm
]- qe alm`qXn-IfpsS cN\mIw \nln-nv
Ahsb \nco- np ]noSp PU- X- Xz- - tfm- Sp- IqSn
tNX\mX-Xzs kwbp- amn-bnv \m\m-cq]- fn
A\p`htbmKyamb hnNn{X {]]s krjv Snp. AXm
bXv Ahn-Zy. ]pWyhpw ]m]hpw IqSnb knX-I
kwkvmcw, kXzw cPv Xav Fo aqp KpW.
Imew, a\-v, _pn, Almcw, ]rYzn, Pew, tXPv,
hmbp, BImiw Cu Fp {]Ir-Xn-t`Z Chsb- m
n\pw ]pdta Al-, aa-X, Bkn apX-embn B
kw_n-Ifmb kqv a KpW-tfmSpIqSn Pohmm
hns\ _-s- Spnbnv Cu PKns\ krjvSnp Fp
a\-nem- Ww. Cu cp h- \-IfpsSbpw Xmcyw
HpX- s- bmIpp.
kw_w Cu cl- kysf a\- n- emnbnv km[-I
FpsNWw Fp ]d-bpp.
4. Bc`y ImWn KpWm\zn-Xm\n
`mhmw km hn\n-tbmP-tbZv bx
tXjma-`mth IrX-I\mix
Itb bmXn kXXztXm\yx.
bmsXmcp ItbmKn kXzw, cPv , Xav Fo KpW
-fm hy]vX-amb Xs hw, B{iaw, ]cn-X- nXn
Chbv \pIqeambn I- hyIsf Bcw`nnv Ah
tbbpw Xs Fmhn[nepap Al- , aaX, Bkn
apX-emb `mh-tfbpw B ]c-{_ ]c-ta-iz-c-\nt#
kan- mepw B ka-Wm B I- tfmSpIq
Sn- bp km[- Is kw_w Ahtijn- pnm- Xp
ImcWw Ah Ah\p ^ew \Ipn-. C{]Imcw Ah
bpsS A`mhw DmIp-Xn\p ap]mbn sNs- np
knX- fmb Ikwkv mc- - fpsS Dqe\miw kw`
hnpp. C{]Imcw I-fpsS \miw kw`hnp-Xp
ImcWw Ah AXn-thKw ]c- ammhns\ {]m]npp.
FpsImsm hmkv Xhn Cu Pohmmhv PU
XXzkapZmb- - fn \npw kYm`nhpw AXpt]mse
Akm-[mc-Whpa- Ipp. Ah-tbmSpIqSn-bp CXns
_w Al- , aa- X, apX- embh aqeapmbn- p-XmWv .
kzm`mhnIambnp-X.
kw_w ItbmKs hnnv C\n D]mk\mcq
]amb cmas km[-\sb hnpp.
5. BZnx k kwtbmK-\n-an--tlXpx
]c-kv{XoImem ZItem]n ZrjvSx
Xw hniz-cq]w `h`qX-aoUyw
tZhw kzNn--kY ap]mky ]qw.
kakvX PKn-sbpw BZn-Imc-W\pw kin-
am\pamb B ]c- taizc {XnImepw kYm AXo
X\mIpp. Atl- n Iment- Xmb bmsXmcp t`Z
fpw C. `qX-Imehpw `mhn- Imehpw Atl-ns
ZrjvSnbn h- am\- Imew Xs- bmIpp. Atlw ]Xn
\mdp Ie- Ifn\npw cln-X- \m-bnpw temItmSp
kYm kw_c- lnX\mbncpnpw {]IrXntbmSpIqSn
Pohs\ kwtbmPnn- p Imc- Wnsbpw Imc-W\m
Ipp. Cmcyw Cu cl- kys Adn- n- cn- p
m\nIfmb almmhgn ImWs- Spp. B ]c- ta
I K
N P
163
iz-c Xs GIam{X- kvXpXnv tbmKy\mIpp. At
ls At\zjnp ap Zqscsbpw t]mtI. Bhiy
an-. Atlw \psS lrZb- ns nXn- sNp
p. Cmcyw ZrVambn hniz- knnv Fm {]Imc-- fnep
ap cq]w [cn- p- hh\pw PKns cq]n {]IS
ambnp- h\pw km[mc\pw kinam\pw ]c- a- tZ
h\pw Bb ]c-ta-iz-cs D]mk\ \Sn Atls
{]m]n-Ww.
kw_w C\n m\-tbmKcq]amb aqmas km[-
\sb hnhcn- pp.
6. k hrImemIr-Xn`nx ]tcmt\ym
bkv amXv {]]x ]cn-htXbw
[mhlw ]m]\pZw `tKiw
mXzm- -a-arXw hniz- [maw.
bmsXmcps ANny in-bpsS {]`mhm
Cu {]]cq]amIp kwkmcw \nc- cw Idnsmn
cnppthm B ]c- ammhv Cu kwkmc- amIp hrw,
Imew, BIrXn Chbv smw AXoX\pw `n\pw BIp
p. AXmbXv Atlw {]]- tmSp kYm kw_
c- lnX\pw Imet- tmepw {Kknp- h\pw AXpt]mse
BImc-c- ln- X\pw BIpp. Fn- cpmepw Atlw
[s hfp-h\pw ]m]s \innp- h\pw
Fm sFiz- cy-fptSbpw A[n]Xnbpw ka-kv X-PKn-
tbpw B[mc- hpamIpp. Cu kq- amb hnizw At
l- s- s B{ibnncnpp. Atl- nsd k-
bm Xs Dd- p\nevpp. B-cyman-bmbn Atlw
\psS lrZbfnepw Dv. C{]Imcw Atls Adn
nv m\- tbm- Kn - I Aar- X- kz - cq- ]- \mb B
]ctaizcs\ {]m]npp.
kw_w BZys AymbXn bmsXmcpcpsS
h\w hncppthm Ah [ym\w hgnbmbn ]c- amm
hns\ {]Xyamnb almm Fp ]db- s- Spp.
7. Xaoiz-cmWmw ]caw atl-izcw
Xw tZh-Xm\mw ]caw N ssZhXw.
]Xnw ]Xn\mw ]caw ]c-kvXmZv
hnZma tZhw `pht\iaoUyw.
B ]c{_ ]pcptjm- a Fm Cuizc- mcpsSbpw
temI]meImcpsSbpw alm\mb `c-Wm[nImcnbmIpp.
AXmbXv Ahscmw Atln- [o\- cmbnv {]]s
`cnpsImncnpp. Atlw Fm tZhXIfptSbpw ]c-
amcm[y\mIpp. Fm ]XnIfptSbpw cImcpsSbpw
]c-a]Xnbpw AXpt]mse Fm {_mWvU-fptSbpw
kzmanbpw BIpp. kvXpXns- Sphm tbmKy\pw {]Im
ikz-cq]\pw ]c-a-tZh\pamb B ]c-ammhns\ \
sfmw Fmn-epap]cn-bmbn Adn-bpp. Atl-t-
mt{ijvT-\mbn amcpw C. Atlw Xs Cu PK
ns kt{ijv Tamb Imc- W\mIpp. Atlw k
cq]-tmSpIqSn- b-h- \m- bn- cp- npw Fm-n\npw
kYm thdnp\npp.
8. \ Xky Imcyw IcWw N hnZytX
\ Xam`y[nI ZriytX.
]cmky inhn-hn-ss[h {ipbtX
kzm`m-hn-Iom\-_e{Inbm N.
PohnIsftmse B ]c-{_ ]c- ammhn\v ImcyIm
c-W icochpw C{nbfpw C AXmbXv At
l-n tZl-ntdbpw C{n-b- -fptSbpw t`Z
C. Atlw C{nb- IqSmsXXs Fm C{nb--
fnepw {]h\w \S- pp. Atl- t-m henb-h
\mbpw kam\-\mbpw amcpw ImWs-Spn-. hmkvX-h
n Atl- n\npw `n- ambn bmsXmpw Xs-
bn. B ]c- ta-iz-cs m\w, _ew, {Inbmcq]kz- cq]
`qXamb Znhyin Ch \m\m{]Imc- - fn tI- s- Sp
p.
9. \ Xky InXv ]Xn-ckvXn temtI
\ tNinXm ss\h N Xky enMv Kw
kIm-cWw Ic-Wm[n]m[nt]m
\ Nmky In-\nXm \ Nm[n-]x.
PKn ]c-ammhns kzman-bmbnv Bcpw C.
Fmw Atl- ns Zmkmcpw tkhImcpw BIpp.
Atl-ns A[n-Imcn-bmbpw Atl-ns ta
`cWw \S-p-h\mbpw Bcpan-. Fmw Atl-
ns Bbpw t{]c- Wbpw A\pkcnpsImv At
l-ns \nb- {- Wn Ign- bpp. Atl- n\v
bmsXmcp Nn-hntijfpw C; FpsImsm
Atlw k{X ]cn]q- \mIpp. \ncmImc\pw AXp
t]mse ]c- a- Imc- W\pw, ImcW- fpsS Imc-Whpw, Fm
AxIc- W-fptSbpw C{n- b-fptSbpw A[njv Tm\- tZ
hX-bpsSbpw A[n-]Xnbpw `c- Wm[n-Imcnbpw BIpp.
Cu ]c-{_ ]c- ta- iz- c\v bmsXmcp P\-I\pan. Ctlw
APmhpw k\mX\pw BIpp.
10. bkv X- p-\m` Ch Xp`nx {][m\ssPx kz`mh
tXm tZh GIx kzmamhr-tWmXv.
kt\m Z[mZv{_m]ybw.
F{]Imcw Nnen Xm {]IS-am- s XpPme
- fm kzbw BOmZnXambncnpphthm AtX{]Imcw
GItZh\mb ]c- a]pcpj]c-ta- iz- c Xs kzcq]`qXam
b, apJyhpw Znhyhpw Bb, ANnyin- bm Dev]-
amb A\--fmb Imcy-fnqSn kzm`mhn-Iam-bn-
s kzbw BOmZn-X-amn- shp- sImn- cn- pp.
Xmc- Wm temIPohnIv Atl- s Zinp
I K
N P
164
hm km[npn. kinam\pw km[mc- amb B
]c-ammhv \tsbmw AJn- en-tbpw ]c- am{ib-`q
Xamb Xs ]c-{_-kzcq]n {]XnjvTn- - s.
11. GtIm tZhx k`qtXjp KqVx
khym]o kh`qXmcmm.
Im[yx kh`qXm[n-hmkx
kmo tNXm tIhtem \nKp-W.
GI\mb B ]c-atZh ]c-taizc Pohn-IfpsS lrZ
b- cq]amIp Kpl- Ifn Hfn- phknpp. Atlw
khym]nbpw Fm PohnIfptSbpw A- cymanbmb ]c-
ammhpw BIpp. Atlw Xs Fm I-fp
tSbpw A[njv TmXmhpw Ahbvv Im\pkr-X- -fmb
^esf \Ip-h\pw kakvX Pohn-IfpsS \nhmk
m\hpw B{i-bhpw BIpp. AXpt]mse Atlw
Xs Fmn- sbpw kmnbpw ip`mip`Isf
IpsImn- cnp- h\pw ]c-atNX\mkzcq]\pw AJn-
en\pw ssNX-\ys {]Zm\w sNp-h\pw kYm
hnip\pw AXmbXv \nw- K\pw {]mIrXnIKWU
- XoX- \pamIpp.
12. GtIm hio \njv{In-bmWmw _lp \m
taIw _oPw _lp[m b ItcmXn.
Xamw tb\p]iyn [ocm
kvtXjmw kJw imizXw t\X- tc-jmw.
bmsXmv hnip-tN-X-\m-kz- cq]amb ]a-tc-iz-cs
Awiw Bb-XpImcWw hmkvXhn \njv {In- b- amcn- bn
ppthm A- s\bp A\- - fmb Pohmm- fpsS
bmsXmcp \nb- mhpw I^- esf \Ip- h\p
ambn-cn-ppthm bmsXmcp- GI{]-Ir- Xn-cq]amb
_oPs At\Iw {]Imc--fn krjvSn-nv Cu hnNn-
{X- PKns cq]n Bn- opthm lrZb- n-
X\mb B ]c- ainam\mb ]c- taizc\ bmsXmcp [oc-]p
cpj \nc-cw Zin-psIm-n-cn-p-pthm \nc-cw
Atl- n X- b- ambn hknppthm Ahv Fpw
\ne\np ]c-am\w {]m]vX-amIpp. ap- hv
AXmbXv bmsXmcp C{]Imcw Atls \nc- cw
Nnn-mXn-cn-ppthm Ahv B ]c-am\w e`yam
Ipn. Ah AXn\npw hnXcmbn hkn- pp.
13. \ntXym \nXym\mw tNX\-tX\m\m
tatIm _lp\mw tbm hnZ[mXn Imam
XXv ImcWw kmwJytbmKm[n Kayw
mXzm tZhw apNytX kh]mssix.
\nXytNX\- tbmSpIqSnbXpw kinam\pw km
[mc-hpamb ]c-ammhv X\n-tb- Xs hfsc- b-[nIw \nXy
tNX\- tbmSpIqSnb Pohmm- fpsS I ^em\p`h-
fpsS hn[m\w \Snsmn-cnppthm bmsXmcp
Cu hnNn-{X-amb PKns\ krjvSn-nv Fm Pohkap
Zmbpw thn AhbpsS Im\pkrX- fmb ^e
t`mKhyh- I \Snsmncnppthm Atls
{]m]npXn\v cp km[\I Dv Hv m\tbmKw;
cv ItbmKw. `n cnepw A\pkyqX-amIpp.
Cmc-Wm Ahsb {]tXyIw {]tXyIw hn-p
hm km[ya. B m\-tbmKhpw ItbmKhpw hgn
bmbn {]m]n- s- Sphm tbmKy\mb AJneImc- Wkzcq
]\mb ]c- atZh ]c-ta- iz- cs\ Adnnv a\pjy Fm
_\- - fn\npw kYm ap-cm- bn- ocp-p.
bmsXmcp Atls Adn-bppthm {]m]n-p
pthm Ah Hcnepw bmsXmcp Imc- Whimepw P\- \-
ac-W_\--fn ]Xn- pn- . AXn-\m a\pjyv
kin-am\pw km[mc-hpamb B ]c-ammhns\
{]m]n- p- Xn\v X- fpsS tbmKyXbpw cpNnbpw A\pk
cnv m\- tbmKtam ItbmKtam GsX-nepw Hcp
km[-\- bn Xmev]cy]qw hym]rX- cmbncn- Ww.
14. \ X{X kqtcym `mXn \ N{-XmcIw
t\am-hn-ZyptXm `mn ItXmba-nx.
Xtah `ma-\p`mXn khw
Xky`mkm khanZw hn`mXn.
]c- am\ kzcq]\- \mb B ]c- ta- iz- cs kao]w Cu
kqcy\v Xs {]Imiw ]c- phm Ignbpn. kqtcym
Zb- n anman\pns {]Imiw e]vX- ambn-tmIp-
Xpt]mse kqcys tXPpw AhnsS ep]vXambncnpp.
N{, \{X, CSn-an- Chbvpw AhnsS Ch
bpsS {]Imiw {]kcnn- phm Ign- bpn. ]ns Cu
temInse AnbpsS Imcyw Fn\p ]dbpp? Fp
sImsm Cu temI {]Imin-p FmX-Xz-
fpw ]ca {]Imikzcq]\mb ]c-{_ ]c- ammhns
{]ImiinbpsS GtXm Aev ]mwis {]m]nnp {]Im
inpsImn- cnpp. ]ns Ahbvv X- fpsS {]Imi
Is kao]w Fs\ {]Imin-phm Ignbpw? AXn-
\m Cu kq-amb PKv PKZmmhmb B ]pcp
tjm- as {]Imin\npw {]Imin- psImn-cn-
pp FpXs a\-nem-Ww.
15. GtIm lwtkm `ph\-kymky at[y
k Ghmnx kente kw\n-hnjvSx
Xtah hnZn-XzmXn arXyptaXn
\m\yx ]m hnZytXb\m- b.
Cu temIn {]Imikzcq]\mb ]c- {_-]c- taiz
c k{X ]cn]q- \mbn- cnpp. Atlw Pen
nXnsNpp. Anbmbncnpp. ioXf kz`mhtm
SpIqSnb Pen Djv Wkz`mhtmSpIqSnb AnbpsS
`mhw km[mcW ZrjvSnp a\-n-emphm Ign-bpn-
. FpsImsm cn-sbpw kz`mh ]c-
I K
N P
165
kv]cw hn`n---fm-Wv. Fn-cpmepw AXns cl-
kys {Kln- np sshm\n- Imv CXv {]Xy-
ambn ImWs-Spp. C{]Imcw ]c- ammhv Cu PU PK
n\npw kzm`mhn-Iambpw Akm-[mc-Wam-Ipp.
FpsImsm Atlw ssNX\yhm\pw m\-kz-
cq]\pw k\pw BIpp. AXpt]mse Cu PKv
PUhpamIpp. C{]Imcw PKn\p hncp- ambn ImW
s- SpXp ImcWw km[mcW ZrjvSnv Atlw CXn
{]Imcw hym]v X- \mbn- cnpp Fp Imcyw a\- nem
Ipn. Fm bmsXmcp B ]c{_ns ANn
yhpw ApX-Ic-hpamb in- bpsS cl- kys Adn-
bppthm Ah\v CXv {]Xyambn k{X ]cn]qhpw
Fmntbpw GIam{X-hpamb Imc-Whpw F {]Xo
Xnbpfhmpp. kinam\pw km[mc- hpamb B
]c- ammhns\ AdnpXs a\pjy Cu arXypcq]am
Ip kwkmc- kap{Zns A- c- ISIpp Fs-
t- bvp- ambn P\- \- a- c-W- - fn\npw ]q- ambn
tamN\w t\Spp. Atl-ns Znhy[ma-{]m]vXn-p
thn ap bmsXmcp am- - fpan. AXn\m \apv B
]c- ammhns Pnmkp- fmbnv Atls Adnbp
-Xn\p {]h-\- - fn hym]rXcmIWw.
kw_w bmsXmcps\ Adnbp- XpsImv P\- \-a
c- W- fn\npw HgnhmIpp F Imcyw ]dncn- p
p, B ]c-ta-iz-c F-s\- bpXmIpp? Cmcy
n Atl- ns kzcq]w hn- -s- Spp.
16. k hniz-IrZv hniz-hn-Zm-tbm\n
x Ime Imtem KpWo khnZv bx.
{][m\ t{X- ]XnKptWix
kwkmctam-nXn _tl-Xpx.
bmsXm-cp-s {]IcWw XpSp-sIm-n-cn- p-
pthm m\ kzcq]\mb B ]c- {_ ]pcptjm- a
AJn-eP-Kn-sbpw cNbn-Xmhpw k\pw Xs-
s {]ISamp- Xn kzbw tlXphpamIpp. At
ls {]Xyamp ap bmsXmcp Imc-Whpan-.
Atlw Imesbpw alm-Ime\mIpp. Imen-\p
t]mepw At- l- nhsc Fp- hm Ign- bp-n-.
Atlw ImemXoX- \mWv . kinam\mb B ]c- ta-iz-
c kulmw, t{]aw, Zb apX-emb Fm awKf-a-b--
fmb ZnhyKpW- fm k- \mIpp. temIn F{X
am{Xw ip`KpW Iphcppthm Ahsbmw B
ZnhyKpW- fpsS GsXnepw Aev]mw-ins Hcp
Xnfw am{X- amIpp. Atlw Fm Pohn- Itfbpw Ah
bpsS I- tfbpw A\- amb {_mWvUn\pn
aqp-Ime-fnepw kw`hn-psImn-cn-p Ghpw
sNdn-bXpw Ghpw hen-b- Xpamb kw`hsf \Xp
t]mse Adn-psImn-cn-pp. Atlw {]Ir-Xn-bp
tSbpw PohkapZmb-n-tbpw (Xs ]cm]c-{]Ir-Xn- I
fpsS) kzman-bmIpp. AXpt]mse ImcyImcW cq]-
fn nXambncnp kXzc- PkvXtam KpWfpsS \nb-
{-Whpw bYmtbmKyw \S-pp. Atlw Xs Cu
P-ar- Xypcq]amIp kwkmc-N{In Pohn-Isf Ah
bpsS Im\pkr-X-ambn _n-n- Spp; Ahsb kwc-
n- pIbpw Cu _\-n\npw Ahsb ap- cm
pIbpw sNpp. Atl- ns Ir]tbmSpIqSns
Pohn-I apn-p km[- \-Ifn apgpIn-bnv km[- \-
bpsS ]cn- ]mIamIp- tXmSpIqSn ap- cmIpp.
17. k Xtbm lyarX Cuikwtm
x ktKm `ph\-kymky tKm]vXm.
b Cuti Aky PKtXm \nXytah
\mt\ym tlXphn-ZyX Cui\mb.
]c- {_ ]c- ta- iz- c Cu PK-ns cq]n
nX\pw AarXkz- cq]\pw GIc- ktmSpIqSn- b- h\pam
Ipp. Cu PKns D-n-hn-\mkIkz-cq]-fm
Ip ]cn- h- \- - tfm- Sp- IqSn At-l- ns ]cn-
h\w kw`hnpn. Atlw Fm Cuizc- mcnepw
Fm temItfbpw ]cn]menp- Xn\v \nbp-cmn-
bnp temI]meImcnepw, A- cymancq]n nXn
sNpp. k\pw k{X ]cn]q\pamb B ]c-
ta-iz-c Xs Cu alm {_mWvUs kwc-n-p
p. Atlw Xs Cu ]q-PKns\ Ftmgpw bYm
tbmKyw \nb- {n-psImp \bnpp. ap bmsXmn-
t\bpw Cu PKn-s- ta `cWw \S-p-Xn\v D]bp
-tl-Xphmbn {]XoX-amIpn-. FpsImsm
ampw-Xs Fmns taepw `cWw \S- phm
Ignbpn-.
kw_w D]cyp- amb ]c-taizcs\ Adn- bp- Xn\pw
{]m]n- p-Xn\pw km[- Is cq]n At-l-s-
s icWw {]m]n- t {]Imcs ]dbpp.
18. tbm {_mWw hnZ[mXn ]qw
tbm ssh th Zmw {]ln-tWmXn Xkvssa
Xw l tZh-am-_p-n-{]Imiw
aappssh ic-Walw {]]tZy.
B ]c- ta- iz- cs\ {]m]n- p-Xn-\p km`uahpw
kpKahpamb D]mbw k`mh- tfmSpwIqSn \n`c- ambn
Atl- ns Xs ic-Wn Fn- tcpIp Fp
- Xm- Wv . AXn - \m km[- I\v a\- p- h- gn - bmbn
Xmsgdbp `mhs NnnpsImv ]cammhns ic
Wn sNptNc-Ww. bmsXmcp ]c-ta-iz-cXs
Ghpw BZyambn Xs \m`n-Ia-en\npw {_m
hns\ D- hnnpthm D- hnnXn\ptijw Atl- n\v
Fm thZ- fptSbpw m\w {]mZ\w sNbv Xpthm, AXp
t]mse bmsXmcp Xs kzcq]ns m\w {Kln
n-p-Xn-\pthn Xs `-mcpsS lrZbfn
I K
N P
166
XZ\pcq]amb hnip _pn {]ISamppthm B k
inam\pw {]kn-- tZh\pamb ]c-{_ ]pcptjm-a-
\n Rm tamm`nem,m bp- \mbn icWw {]m]n
pp. Atlw Xs Cu kwkmc-N{In\npw
Fs tamNnn- s.
19. \njvIew \njv{Inbw imw \nc-hZyw
\nc- Rv P\w
Aar-Xky ]cw tkXpw PKvt[--\-an-hm\-ew.
\nKpWhpw \ncmImc- hpamb ]c- ammhns\ D]mk\
\Sp km[-I\v C{]Imc- ap `mh\- - fpmbncn- Ww.
AXmbXv ]Xn\mdp Ie-Itfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b- h\pw kwkmc-
ns _-- fm cln- X\pw XnIpw {Inbmiq\y\pw
]c- aim\pw kIe tZmjfm clnX\pambncn- Ww.
bmsXmv Aar- X-kz-cq]amb tamns tkXphmbn-
cn-ppthm AXmbXv bmsXmns\ B{i-bn- n-pa-\p
jyv AXyw kpKa-Xm]qw Cu kwkmc kap{Z
ns Ac ISp- Xn\p km[nppthm bmsXmcp
XSn- bsS ]mn-h- amb Awiw Ingn- Xns
tijw Pzen-p- sIm- n- cn- pp I\- ep-IpXpeyw
kYm \nhn- Imc\pw \ne\pw {]Imi-kz-cq]\pw
m\kzcq]\pw ]c- assNX\ytmSpIqSnb- h\pamb B
\nKpW\ncmImc ]c- ammhns\ XmXznIambn Adnbp-
Xn\v Atls- s eyamn NnnpsImn- cnp
p.
kw_w Cu kwkmc- _-fn \npw tamN\w
t\Sp- Xn\v t\ct ]dnp kwKXnIf\pkcnv ]c-
ammhns\ AdnbpIb- msX ap bmsXmcp]mb- fpan.
AXns\ HpIqSn ZrVs- Sp- p.
20. bZm NhZmImiw thjvS-bn-jyn
am\hmx
XZm tZh-a-hn-mb ZpxJkytm `hn-jyXn.
F{Xtmfw XpIen\p Xpeyw Npcpphm a\pjysc
kw_n- nStmfw BImis Akw`hyamIppthm
Fm a\pjycpw Hn- pIqSnbmepw Cmcyw km[yamIp
n- tbm AtX{]Imcw Xs ]c-ammhns\ AdnbmsX
Bpw Cu ZpxJ-kap{Zns A-sc-sb-phm
km[ya-. AXn-\m a\pjyp ZpxJ--fn \npw
\nXyambn tamN\w t\Sp- Xn\pw ]c- am\s {]m]np
-Xn\pw thn asm `mK- fn\npw a\- ns\ amn
bnv GIam{X-\mb Atls Adn- bp-Xn-\p km[-
\Ifn Xo{hamb BitbmSpIqSn hym]rXcmbncn- Ww.
21. X]x{]`mhmZv tZh-{]kmZm {_
l tizXmiz-XtcmY hnZzm
AXym{ian`yx ]caw ]hn{Xw
t{]mhmN kayKr-jn-kw-L-Pq-jv Sw.
tizXmiz- X-c-a- ljn kzX-]ns {]`mhm ka-
kv XhnjbkpJ- tfbpw ]cnXyPnv kwb- atmSpIqSnb
PohnXw \bnv \nc-cw ]c-am Nnbn ebnv B
]c-a- tZh\mb ]c-ta-iz-cs Assl-XpIn- bmb Zb-bm
Atls Adnn- cpp. ]noSv Ejnamcm tkhnX
\mbn AhcpsS ]c-aeyamb Cu ]c- a]hn{X-amb {_-
XXzm{ia- ns Al-mc- n\pw kYm AXoX\mbn
tZlm`nam\-iq\ycmb A[nImcnIsf \Xpt]mse D]tZ
inpsImncpp. CXn\npw tZlm`n-am\iq\y\mb
km[-IXs {_- X- Xz-ns D]tZiw {ihn- p-Xn-
\p bYmmhImin- sbv Cu a{n sXfnbn-
s- n- cn- pp.
22. thZmt ]caw Kplyw ]pc-Ievt]
{]tNmZn-Xw.
\m{]immb ZmXhyw \m]p{Xm
bm-in-jymb hm]p\x
Cu ]ca cl- kyamb m\s ]qIev ]nepw
thZns Ana `mK- fmb D]\n- jpfnepw \
Xpt]mse hnnpmbncpp. Cu m\-nsd ]c-
c Iev]Iev]mc-ambn XpSphcpp. CXp ]pXnb
Imcysampa Fp kmcw. CXns D]tZiw Bp
ISp- s- p, Bp sImSp- s- n, C- s\- bp kwi
b- n\p adp]Sn ]dbpp. ""bmsXmcps AxIcWw
hnjbkpJ- fm iq\yambn kYm imamImXn- cn-
ppthm A-s\-bp a\pjy\v Cu clkyw D]tZ
inpsImSpphm ]mSn; AXpt]mse bmsXmcp
Xs ]p{Xt\m AYhm injyt\m AmXn- cn-ppthm,
Ah\pw AXns\ Zm\w sNphm ]mSn.'' kmcw Fs
m HpIn imNn--\mbn-p AhIm-inp
\IWw As-n kzw ]p{Xt\m injyt\m \I
Ww. FpsImsm ]p{Xmscbpw injymscbpw
AhIminIfmnot- Xp ]nXmmcpsSbpw Kpcp
- mcpsSbpw tPmenbmIpp. AXn\m Ah t\c- t-
Xs AhIminbmbncn-Wsa \nb- a- sampw C.
23. bky tZth ]cm `nbYm tZth
XYm Kpcu
XsskytX IYnXm lyYmx
{]Imit alm
\x. {]Imit alm-\x.
bmsXmcp km[-I\v ]ca tZh\mb ]c- taizc- \n ]c- a
amb `n- bpmIppthm IqSmsX F{]Imcw ]c- ta-iz- c-
\n k- \mbncnppthm A{]Imcw Xs Xs Kpcp
hnepw BIpp. B almmhmb ]pcpjs lrZb-
nXs Cu hn- -s-n-p cl- kya-b- amb
Aw {]Imin- psImn- cn- pp. AXn- \m Pnm
I K
N P
167
kp ]q- {imepfpw `mcpw Bbn- cn- - Ww.
bmsXmcp\p ]q-amb {ibpw `nbpw Dmbn- cn
ppthm B almmhns lrZb- n Cu KqVmi
b- {]Imin-pp. {Kns ]cn-kam]vXnsb
kqNn-n-p--Xn- \pthn Cu a{nse An-a-hm
Iys ]p\- cmhn- n- cn- pp.
imn- ]mTw
Hmw kl \mhh-Xp. kl \u `p\-p.
kl hocyw
Ic- hm-hssl. tXPkzn \mh-[oX-a-kv Xp.
am hnZznjm hssl.
Hmw imnx ! imnx !! imnx !!!
CXns Aw Bcw-`n sImSpn- pv.
Q
imn- ]mTw
Hmw hmMvta a\kn {]Xn-jvTn-Xm. at\m ta hmNn
{ ]Xn - jv Tn - X- am- hn - c- hoa. G[n . thZky a
BWox {ipXw ta am {]lmkox. At\-\m[o
tX- \m- tlm- cm- {Xm kwZ [man- EXw hZn- jym- an.
kXyw hZn- jyman Xm- a- h- Xp. XZz- m- c- a- hXp
AhXp ama-hXp hm-c-a-hXp hm-cw.
Hmw imnx ! imnx !! imnx !!!
EtKz-Zob sFXtc-bmc- WyIn cmw Bc-WyI
ns \mepw Apw Bdpw Aymb- sf sFXtc- tbm
]\n- jv F t]cn Adn-bpp. Cu aq- ymb- -fn-
embn {_-hnZybpsS {]m[m\ys hnhcn- pp. CXp
sImv CXns\ D]\njmbn IcpXpp.
Cu imn-]mTn Fm {]Imc- nepap hnLv\-
sf ]cnl- cnp- Xn\v ]c- taizc-t\mSp {]mnpp.
"tl knZm\ kzcq]\mb ]c- ammth, Fs a\v
hmWnbn nXambn \ntW hmWn a\- n nX
ambncn- tW. AXmbXv Fs a\pw hmWnbpw Hmbn
{]hn--tW. Rm hmWn-bm Hcp ]mTw ]Tn-p
Ibpw a\v asmns\ Nnn-pIbpw sNmXncn- tW.
AYhm a\-n-sempw hmWn-bn asmpw Nnn-p
Ibpw ]dbpIbpw sNmXncn- sW. Fs kev ]fpw
hN\-fpw hnip-ambnv GI`mhapXmbn-octW!
tl {]Imi kzcq]\mb ]c- taizcm, Av F\npthn
{]Xys-mepw. A-bpsS tbmKambbpsS ad Fs
sFXtctbm]\njv
1
3
lrZb- n\npw amn-bmepw. (C-{]Imcw ]c-ammhn-
t\mSp {]mnnv D]mkI Xs a\- nt\mSpw hmWn
tbmSpw ]dbpp) Atbm a\- t, hmWo, \n cpw
F\nv thZkw_amb m\{]m]vXnbpmp-h
cmbn- ocq. \n-fpsS klmb-m F\nv thZhn- j
b-Iamb m\w {]m]nphm Ignbpp. KpcpapJ- p
\npw tInpXpw Fs A\p`hn hn-p- Xp
amb m\w Fs XyPnmXncn- tW. AXmbXv Ah
Ftmgpw Fs kvac-Wbn \ne\n-tW. Rm
Ahsb Hcn-epw ad-mXn-cn--tW. Fs Ayb\w
hgn cmhpw ]Iepw Hmnophm Rm\m{Klnp
p. AXmbXv cmhpw ]Iepw XpSbmbn {_- hnZy ]Tn
p-Xn\pw AtX-n Nnn-p-Xn\pw km[n--tW.
Fs kab-ns Hcw- iw- t]mepw hyambn \jv Ss-
SmXncn- tW. Rms\s hmpIsImv kYm D-
ahpw bmsXmcpX- c- nepap tZmj- fn- mXpw kXyw
Xpfpn\npXpamb DmcWw \Smw. ImWpXpw
tIpXpw a\- n- empXpw Bb `mhsf AtX-
coXnbns {]ISnn- mw. AXn bmsXmcp hyXym
khpw hcppIbn. (C- {]Imcw Xs hmWntbbpw a\-
n-t\bpw ZrVhmn-bnv hopw ]c-ammhn-t\mSv
{]mnpp) B ]c- {_ ]c- ammhv Fs cnt-
tW. B ]c-taizc {_-hnZy ]Tnnp Fs BNm
cys\ cn- -tW. Fs Ay-b- \-n bmsXmcp
hnLv\- fpw DmImXn-cn-p-Xn\v Fsbpw Fs
BNmcyt\bpw B ]c-ammhv cn--tW. B[n-`uXn-
Ihpw B[n-ssZhn-Ihpw Bymn-Ihpamb hnLv\--
I K
N P
168
fpsS \nhr- n- mbn aqp{]mhiyw "imn' ]Zs D
cn- pp. `Khm imnkz- cq]\mWv. AXn\m Atl-
ns kvac-WsImv imn \n-b- ambpw e`n- pp.
{]Y- am- ymbw
{]Y-a-JWv Uw
1. Hmw Bm hm CZtaI Ghm{K Bko-Xv. \m\y
Xv Inw-N\ anj-Xv . k CuX temImp krPm
CXn.
Cu a{n ]c-ammhnt krjv Sn cN\m hnj
b-Iamb BZy kev]s hn-pp. ImWpIbpw
tIpIbpw {KlnpIbpw sNp PUtN\mab- amb
Cu PKv Cu cq]nemIp- Xn\p ap]v Imc- Wmh-
bn GIam{X\mb ]c- ammhp am{Xta Dmbncppq.
B kabw CXn `n- fmb \macq]- tfmSpIqSnb A`n
hyn- Isfmpan- mbn-cpp. B kabw ]c- {_ ]c-am
mhns\ IqSmsX amcpw {]hn- p-hcmbnmbncp
p. krjvSn-bpsS Bcw- `n B ]c-a-]pcpj\mb ]c-
ammhp Nnnpw ""PohnIfpsS I^ew A\p`hn- p
- Xn - \p - thn `n - - fmb temI- sf Rm
krjvSnpw'' Fv.
2. k Camw- tm- Im- \- kr-P- X. Awt`m acoNoa- c-
amt]mtZmw`x ]tcW Znhw Zyux {]Xn-jv Tm--
cow acoNbx ]rYoho atcm bm A[-kvXmm
B]x.
Cs\ hnNmcnnv ]c- {_ ]c- taizc Aw`v , aco
Nn, ac, Pew Cu temIsf krjvSn-p. Cu hmp
Isf kv]jvSamp- Xn\p apn {ipXn ]d- bpp kz-
n\pw apIfnembn ImWs-Sp alx, P\x X]x, kXy
temIfpw AhbpsS B[mc-amb ZyptemIhpw Cu
Ap temI-tfbpw ChnsS Aw`v F t]cn ]d
bpp. AXns Xmsg A- co- temIw nXnsNpp.
AXn kqcy\pw N{\pw Xmc-KWfpw Chsbmw
Inc- W-tfmSpIqSnb temIamIpp. CXp acoNn F
t]cn hn- s- Spp. AXn\pw Xmsgbmbn ImWs-
Sp ]rYzotemIs arXyptemIw Fp ]dbpp; AXp
ChnsS "acw' F t]cn hnfn- sSpp. AXn\pw Xmsg
AXmbXv ]rYznbpsS ASnbnembnpXp ]mXmftemI-
fmIpp. Ah "B]x' F t]cn\m Adnb- s- Spp. PK
n F{Xtbm temI {XntemIw, NXpZi`ph\w,
k]v XtemIw Fo t]cpIfn {]kn- ambncnppthm
B temIsfsbmw ]c- ammhp krjv Snp.
3. k CutX ta \p temIm temI- ]m- emp
krPm CXn tkmZv`y Gh ]pcpjw kap-r-Xym
aqOb- Xv .
C{]Imcw Cu Fm temI-tfbpw krjv Sn-nv ]c-
ta- iz- c Nnn- p. Xm temIkrjv SnsNbvXp Ign- ncn-
pp. C\n temIsf kwc-n- p-Xn\p temI]m
eI- msc krjvSn-t-Xmhiyam-Wv . A\yYm kwc-
Ww IqSmsX Fm temIpw kpc- nXambn \ne
\nphm km[ya. C{]Imcw hnNmcnv Atlw Pe
n\npw AXmbXv Pew apX-emb kqv a alm`qX-
- fn\npw lnc-Wy-amb ]pcpjs\ ]pds-Spv
AXns\ AwtKm]mwK- fm bp- amnbnv {]Xnam cq]
n-emn-op. ChnsS "]pcpj' ]Zn\npw
krjvSn-Imen Ghpw BZyw {]Xy\mb {_m
hns\ hn-n-cn-pp. FpsImsm {_m
hn\n- pXs Fm temI]meImcptSbpw {]PIsf
hn- n- p {]Pm]Xn-IfptSbpw Dhw Dmbn- cn- p
p.
4. Xa- `y- X- ]- - kym- `n- X- ]v Xky apJw \nc- `n- ZyX
bYmWvUw apJmZzmKv hmtNmn\mkntI \nc-
`n- tZyXmw \mkn- Im`ymw {]mWx {]mWm- Zzm- bp- c-
n Wo \nc- `n- tZyX an `ymw Nppj
BZnXyx Iu \nc-`n-tZyXmw Im`yw t{im{Xw
t{im{Xmn-i- kv XzMv \nc-`n- ZyX Xz tNm temam\n
tema`y HmjZn h\-kv]Xtbm lrZbw \nc-`n-ZyX
lrZbmt\m a\-k{am \m`n\n-c- `n-ZyX \m`ym
A]mt\m]m\mrXypx iniv\w \nc-`n-ZyX iniv\m
t{ZtXm tcXk B]x.
C{]Imcw lnc- WyK`]pcpjs\ krjv Snnv AXns
AwtKm]mwKsf kev]cq]amb X]psNbvXtm
B X]ns ^ekzcq]ambn lncWyK` ]pcpjs ico
c-n k{]Y- a- ambn AWv Uwt]mse s]mn apJhpw
hmbpw Dm- bn. apJ- n\npw hmKn- {n- bhpw
AXn\npw AXns A[n- jvTm\tZhX- bmb Anbpw
D-hn-p. ]ns \mkn-IbpsS cpZzmc- Dmbn.
AhbnqSn {]mWhmbp ]pds- p. B {]mW\n\npw
hmbp`Khm Dmbn. ChnsS {]mtW{nbs {]tXyIw
hnpn; AXn\m {]mtW{nbhpw AXns tZh
Xbmb Aizn-\oIpamc\pw \mknIbn \npw D-hnp.
C{]Imcw a\- nemWw CXpt]mseXs ckt\- {n-
b- ntbpw AXns tZhX- bptSbpw D- nbpmbn.
]ns cp IpI {]ISambn Ahbn\np t\t{X-
{n-bhpw t\t{X-{n-b- n\n-pw, AXnt tZhX-bmb
kqcy\pw D-hn-p. AXn-\ptijw I--fpsS cp
Zzmc- - fp- m- bn. Ah- bn\npw t{imt{X- {n- bhpw
AXn\np AXnsd tZhX- Ifmb ZnpIfpw P\np.
A\-cw Xzv (Nw) Dmbn. Xzn\npw tcma- -
fpmbn. tcma- -fn\nv Hmj[nIfpw h\kv ]Xn- Ifpw
Dmbn. ]ns lrZbw Dmbn. AXn\npw a\pw
a\-n\npw AXns A[njv Tm\- tZhX- bmb N{\pw
D- hnp. ]ns \m`n {]ISambn. \m`nbn\npw A]m
I K
N P
169
\-hmbphpw A]m-\- hmbphn\np KptZ{n-b-ns
A[njvTnXmhmb arXyptZhXbpw Dhnp. \m`nbpsS D-
htmSpIqSns KpZn{Zhpw KptZ{n- bhpw Dmbn
Fpw a\- nempI. ChnsS A]m\-hmbp aehnk-
\-tl- Xphpw AXns m\w \m`n-bpambXp ImcWw
AXn\v apJyamb m\w Iev]nncnpp. Fm arXyp
A]m\s A[n- jv TmXmhmIpp. AXpImcWw D]e-
WtmSpIqSn KptZ-{n- b- ns h- \hpw CXn
AKX-ambn-cn-pp Fp IcpXpXv DNn-X-amWv.
]ns enwKw {]Xy-ambn. AXn\npw hocyhpw
AXn\npw Pehpw Dmbn. ChnsS enwKns Dev ]
n-bn \npw D]t- {n-bhpw AXns tZhX-bmb
{]Pm]Xnbpw Dev]-amIpp.
ZznXo- b- JWvUw
1. Xm GXm tZhXmx krjv Sm Akv an al-
Xyth {]m]XwkvX- a-i\mbm ]n]mkm`yma- \z-
hmPXv Xm G\- a-{_p-hm-b-X\w \x {]Pm\oln
bkv an {]Xn-jvTnXm A-a-Zmta-Xn.
]c-ammhn-\m krjvSn--s B C{n-b- -fpsS
A[n- jv Sm\-tZhX- amcmb An apX- emb FmtZhX- Ifpw
kwkmc- cq]amIp Cu almkap{Zn hptNp.
AXmbXv lnc- WyK`]pcpjs icoc- n \npw P\n
Xn\ptijw Ahv \nn- jvSamb bmsXmcp m\hpw
e`n-n- cpn-. Xmc-Wm Ah B ka-jvSn-icoc-
ns hknp. Atm ]c- ammhv B tZhXmk
aql- n\p hnipw Zmlhpw Dmn. AXn\m hnipw
Zmlhpw sImv ]oUnXcmbn An apXemb Fm tZh
XIfpw Xsf krjvSn ]c- ammhnt\mSp ]dp ""`K
h, Rv Ahpw `Whpw aXnbmthmfw e`np
kpJ-ambn Pohn-p- Xn\v DX-I---hn- [- ap Hcp
m\w Rmbn hyh sNbvXpX- c-Ww.''
2. Xmt`ym Kmam- \- bm A{ _p - h ssh
t\mbae anXn Xmt`ymizam\-bm A{_p-h
ssh t\mba- ean-Xn.
C{]Imc- ap AhcpsS {]m\- tIv krjv SnIm
hmb ]c-ta- iz-c Ahsmw hkn-p- Xn-\mbn Hcp
]iphns icoc-apmn Ahsc-mWn- p. AXpInv
Ah ]dp "`Kh, CXp Rp ]cym]vXamIp
n. CXn\np RfpsS Imcy- sfmpw kpKaambn
\Sphm km[ya. AXpsImv CXns\m t{ijv T
amb asmcp icocw krjv SnpX- mepw.'' Atm ]c-am
mhv Ahmbn Hcp IpXn-c-bpsS icocw \nn-nv
Ahsc ImWn-p. AXp Iv Ah hopw ]dp
""`Kh, CXpw Rv Bhiyn\pXIp- X. Av
aqmaXmbn asmcp icocw Dmn Rp Xmepw.''
3. Xm`y ]pcp- j-am- \- bm A{_p- h kpIrXw
_tX-Xn. ]pcptjm hmh kpIr-Xw. Xm A{_ho-
ZyYm-b-X\w {]hn-itX-Xn.
C{]Imcw IpXn-cbpw ]iphpw Ahp lnX-Ic- a-
sp a\- nemb- tm ]c-taizc Ahpthn a\p
jyicocs krjvSn-pIbpw Ahsc ImWnpIbpw
sNbvXp. AXns\ Itms Fm tZhX-Ifpw
AXyw {]k-cmbn. A\-cw Ah ]dp ""CXp
Rsf kw_n-n- S-tmfw hfsc kp-c-amb \nhm
km\- amWv. CXn Rp hfsc kpJ- ambn \nh
kn-phm Ign-bpw. R-fpsS Fm Bhiyfpw
\mbn \nd- thphm\pw Ignbpw.'' hmkv Xhn a\pjy
icocw ]c-ammhns kp-c-amb krjvSn-X-s-bmWv.
AXn-\m CXp tZhZp`sap IcpXpIbpw imkv {X- -
fn ]ebn- Spw CXns alnasb ]mSnpIgvpIbpw
sNpp. FpsImsm CtXcoXnbn Poh\v ]c-
ammhns Bb-\pkcnv bYmtbmKyw km[-\I
A\pjv Tnv Atls {]m]nphm Ignbpp. Fm
tZhX- Ipw B icocw Cjv SamsWp Itm ]c-
taizc AhtcmSp ]dp ""\n Ahchp tbmKy
ambn m\ t\mn Cu icoc- n {]thinp hkn
psImphn.''
4. AnhmKv`qXzm apJw {]mhn-iZzmbpx {]mtWm
`qXzm \mkntI {]mhn-iZmZn-Xy-p`qXzmn-Wo
{]m- hn- i- nix t{im{Xw `qXzm Iu {]mhn- i-
tmj [nh- \- kv ]- Xtbm temam\n `qXzm XzNw
{]mhniw {am at\m-`qXzm lrZbw {]mhn-ir-
Xyp-c- ]mt\m `qXzm \m`nw {]mhn- iZmt]m tctXm
`qXzm iniv\w {]mhn-i.
krjvSn- Imhmb ]c- ta-iz-cs B-b- \pkcnv
An- tZhX hmKn-{nb cq]w [cnv a\pjyicoc-ns
hmbn {]thinv Pnlzsb Xs B{i-b- m\amn.
ChnsS hcpWtZh\pw ckt\- {n- b-ambnv hmbn {]th
inp ]ns hmbptZhX {]mW\mbnv \mknIbpsS Zzmc-
- fnqSn {]thinp. Aizn- \oIpamc\pw {]mtW{n- b-
cq]w [cnnp \mkn- Ibn {]hn- jvSambn. AXn- \ptijw
kqcytZh t\t{X-{n-b- ambnp IpIfn {]thin-p.
Huj[n-IfptSbpw h\kv]Xn-IfptSbpw Al-mcn-bmb
tZhX tcma-cq]tmSpIqSn Xzn {]thin-p. AXp
t]mse N{ a\- ns cq]w [cnp lrZb- nepw arXyp
tZhX A]m\- cq]w [cnp \m`nbnepw {]hnjv S- ambn. Pe
ns A[n-jvTm\ tZhX hocyamb enwKnepw {]th
inp. C{]Imcw Fm tZhX- Ifpw C{nb- cq]w [cnv Ah
c- hp]bp-amb m\--fn D]hnjv Scmbn nXn
sN-bv Xp.
5. Xa- i-\mbm ]n]mtk A{_qXmamhm`yma`n- {]-
Pm\o loXn. tX A{_ho-tZXmtkzh hmw tZh-Xm
I K
N P
170
kzm-`- Pmtay Xmkp `mKn\yu Itcmao- Xn. Xkv am-
Zyssky Issky N tZh-Xmssb lhnKr-lytX
`mKn-\ymth-hmkyma-i\mbm-]n- ]mtk `hXx.
Atm hnipw Zmlhpw IqSn ]c- ta- iz- c- t\mSpIqSn
]dbphm XpSn "`Kh' Chsmw hknp- Xn
\p m\w Ap \n- bn- psImSpncnpp. C\n
Rmbnpw GsXnepw m\w Ip]nSnv AXn
Rsf m]n- mepw! Ah C{]Imcw ]dtm
krjvSn-Imhmb ]c-ta-iz-c AhtcmSp ]dp
""\np cpt]pw {]tXyIamb m\- -fpsS
Bhiyan-. \n cpt]pw Cu tZhX-IfpsS
m\- fn Rm AhImiw \Ipw. Cu tZhXIfpsS
Blmc- n \n cpt]tcbpw Rm ]pImcmn
opw. krjv SnbpsS Bcw`ns ]c- taizc
Cs\ Hcp \nbaw \n-bnncpp. AXn\m Ftmsg
nepw GsXmcp tZhX- bv mbnp sImSpp- Xn\v C{nbw
hgnbmbn hnjbt`mKsf hlnpsImp t]mIppthm
B tZhX- bpsS `mKn Cu hnipw Zmlhpw ]pIm
cmbn `mhnpp; AXmbXv B C{nb- ns A`n- am\n-
bmb tZhXbpsS Xr]vXntbmSpIqSn pXv]n]mkIpw
imn-e`n- pp.
XrXob JWvUw
1. k CutXta \p temIm temI-]memm-
ta`yx krPm CXn.
Chsb Fmw krjvSn- Xn- \p-tijw ]c-ta- iz-c
hopw Nnnp "Cu temItfbpw temI]meIm
scbpw krjvSn- n-cn- pp ChnsS cN\mkw-_amb
Fmmcyfpw ]qn-bmbn- cn-pp. C\n Chp
Pohnp- Xn\p `Ww DmWw t`mKhkvXp-
fpm- Ww. FpsImsm ChtbmSpIqSn hnipw
Zmlhpw tN-s-n- cn-pp. AXn-\m As
krjvSn-mw.
2. tkmt]m`yX-]mt`ym`nX]vXmt`ym aqn-
c-Pmb-X. bm ssh km aqn-c-Pmb-Xmw ssh
XXv .
apIfn ]d-hn[w Nnn- np ]c-taizc Pes
AXmbXv Ap kqva alm`qX- sf X]nnp Xs
kev]tmSpIqSnb {Inbsb AXn \S- n. ]c- amm
hns kev ]tmSpIqSn kmen-X- amb B kqv a- a-
lm`qX- fn\npw aqn {]Xyambn; AXmbXv Ah
bpsS qecq]w D- -ambn. B Aw Xs tZhX-
Ip t`mKyambncn- pp.
3. XtZ\Xv krjvSw ]cmMXyPn-Lmw-k-ZzmNmPn
LrIv \mitmZzmNm {Klo-Xpw. bss- \-
Zz m- Nm- {K- ssl- jy- Z- `n- hym- lrXy sslhm- - a- {X
- ]v ky- Xv .
temI- fptSbpw temI]meImcptSbpw Blmc- kw
_n- bmb Bhiysf ]qoIcn- p- Xn\v D- -
am- s- ncnp Aw ""CXv Fs `nv Fs \miw
hcpp-XmIbm AXn\npw tamN\w t\SWw''
Fp IcpXn ]nXncn- tmSphm XpSn. Atm B
a\pjycq]n krjvSn--s Pohmmhv As
hmpI apJmncw ]nSn-phm\m{Klnp; Fm
AXn\p hmWoZzmcm As ]nSnphm Ignn. B
]pcpj\p hmWoZzmcm As ]nSnp \nphm Ign
n- cpp Fn a\pjy Ctmgpw As hmWo
Zzmcm Dmc- WwsImp AXmbXv A- ns \mtamm
c- Wam{X-bn, hbdp \ndbpambn- cpp. Fm As\
kw`hnn-.
4. XXv { ]m- tW- \mPn Lr- - m- i- Iv t\mXv
{]mtW\ {KloXpw k bss-\Xv {]mtW\m{K-
ssl-jyZ-`n- {]mWyssl-hm a{X-]v kyXv.
Atm B ]pcpj As {]mW aqew AXm
bXv {]mtW{n- b-Zzmcm ]nSnphm B{Klnp; Fm
AXn\p {LmtW{nbw hgn AXns\ ]nSn-phm km[n-
n. Cu As {LmtW{n-bw-sImp ]nSn-phm
Ignncpp Fn Ctmgpw BfpIv `Ww aW
psImp Xr]vXns- Sphm Ignbpambncpp. Fm
A- s\bpw kw`hn-n.
5. X-p jmPn- Lr- -- m- i-Iv t\m- -pjm
{KloXpw k bss-\- p- jm{Kssl-jyZv ZrjvSzm
sslhm--a-{X-]vkyXv .
]ns B ]pcpj As IpIsImp ]nSn
phm Binp; Fm Ah\v AXn\p Ign-n-.
Ah\p IpIsImv As ]nSnphm Ignn
cps- n Xobmbpw Cpw BfpI As Ip
Xr]vXn- s-Spambncpp. Fm As\ kw`hn- n.
6. X- tdm- t{X- Wm- Pn- - Lr- - m- i- Iv t\mv tdm
t{XW{K- loXpw k bss- \-v -tdmt{X-Wm-{K-ssl-
jyvdpXzm sslhm--a-{X- ]vky-Xv.
]ns B ]pcpj As IZzmcm ]nSnphm
B{K- ln- p. Fm B {iahpw ^en- n- . I-
sImv AXns\ ]nSn-n-cpp Fn Cpw a\p
jyv A- ns \ma{ihWam{Xbns Xr]vXn
s- Smambncpp. Fm A- s\bpw Ign- n.
7. Xz m- ]m- Pn- Lr- - - m- i- Iv t\m- \- zNm
{KloXpw k bss\-z-Nm{Kssl-jyv]rjvSzm
sslhm--a-{X-]vkyXv .
Atm B ]pcpj As XzpsImv ]nSnp
hm\min-p. Fm Ah\v AXns\ Xzpaqehpw ]nSn-
phm Ign-n-. As\ kw`hn-n- cppshn
Xobmbpw a\pjy As kv ]inpXs Xr]vX
I K
N P
171
cmIpambncpp. Fm A- s\bpw kw`hnn- .
8. X- \- kmPo Lr- - m- i- Iv t\m- - \km
{KloXpw k bss- \- - \- km-{K- ssl- jyymXzm
sslhm--a-{X-]vkyXv .
]ns B ]pcpj As a\-psImp hioI
cn-p-Xn-m{Kln-p. Fm Ah\v AXns\ a\-p
sImp himphm Ign- n. Ah\v AXns\ a\-
psImp ]nSn- phm km[n-ncppshn Xobm
bpw Cpw a\pjy As Nnn- psImp Xr]vXn-
s-Spambn-cpp. ]s A-s\bpw ImWphm Ign-
n- .
9. Xn-ivt\-\m-Pn- Lr--miIvt\m nivt\- \-
{KloXpw k bss\ n ivt\\m-{Kssl-jy-Zzn-
krPy sslhm- a-{X-]v kyXv.
]noSv B ]pcpj As D]w (enw-Kw)
sImp ]nSnphm B{Klnp; Fm Ah\v D]-
Zzmcm As ]nSn-phm Ign- n- . Ah\v D]-
Zzmcm ]nSn-phm Ign-n-cpp Fn Xobmbpw
Cpw As Dt]np Xr]v Xn-s-Sphm Ignbpam
bncpp. Fm As\ kw`hn- n- .
10. XZ]mt\-\mPn-Lr-ZmhbXv ssktjm
ky {Ktlm bZzmbp-c-mbphm Gj bZzmbpx
Ahkm\w B ]pcpj As apJ-ns Zzmc-
nqSn A]m\hmbpZzmcm {Klnp- Xn\v B{Klnp.
AXmbXv A]m\- hmbpZzmcm apJ- nqSn icoc- ns
Dn- tep {]thin- np-Xn\p {]hn- p. Atm
Ah\v As Xs icoc-ns Dn sImpt]m
Iphm Ign- p. bmsXmcp A]m\hmbp shfn-bn
\npw icoc- ns Dn-tebv p izmtkmzmkcq]
n ISpt]mIppthm AXpX-s-bmIpp A-
ns {Kml-I. AXns\ ]nSn-h; AXmbXv Dn-
tep sImpt]mIp- h. {]mWhmbphns\ kw_n-
v, Cu Aw apJmncw Pohs kwc-Ww \nln-
psImn-cn-p-XpsImv CXp kmm Bbp-p
Xs BIpp FXv {]kn- amIpp. AXv Cu A]m\-
hmbphns\ IqnsmpXs {]mWmZn Ap t`Z- fn
hn`-ambncnp apJy{]mWs Hcw- iamIpp. AXn-
\m {]mW Xs a\pjys Poh\mIpp Fv
CXn\npw hy- amIpp.
11. k CuX IYw \znZw aZrtX kymZnXn k
CutX IX- tcW {]]Zym CXn. k CuX bZn
hmNm `nhymlrXw bZn {]mtWm\m`n-{]mWnXw bZn
Npjm ZrjvSw bZn t{imt{X-WivdpXw bZn XzNm
kv]rjv Sw bZn a\km [ymXw bZy-]mt\-\m`y]m
\nXw bZn inivt\\ hnkr- jvSaY tImlan-Xn.
C{]Imcw temItbpw temI]meImtcbpw krjvSn
v , Ahs- m- ap Blm- chpw krjv Snv XYm
a\pjyicoc- [mcnbmb ]pcpj Blmcs {Klnp-
Xn\pw ]Tn-pIgntm B k{kjvSmhmb ]c-ta-
iz-c hopw Nnnp ""Cu a\pjycq]tmSpIqSnb
]pcpj Fs- qSmsX Fs\ Pohnpw? Cu Pohm
mhn- t\mSpIqSn Fs kl-tbmKw DmIpnsn
AXp X\nsb F{]Imcw Dd- p\npw? AXpt]mse
Fs kl-tbmKw IqSmsX Cu ]pcpj hmWoZzmcm
kwkmcn-phm ]Tnp, {LmtW{nbw hgn aWp-
Xn\p ]Tnp. {]mWhgn hmbphns\ Dntebvpw ]pd-
tbvpw henpIbpw hnSpIbpw sNp {Inbbpw
]Tn- ncn- pp. IpIsImp ImWpp, {ihtW{n-
b- sImp tIpp, XzKn- {nbw hgnbmbn kv]i
\kpJw Adnbpp, a\- psImp a\\w sNpp, A]m
\-Zzmcm Aw hngppp, P\-t\-{n-bZzmcm aq{Xhpw
hocyhpw hnkn-p-Xn- \m \n]pW\pw IqSn-bm
Ipp Fn ]n s Fs- smv Ah- s\m
Imcyw''AXmbXv Fs- qSmsX Cu Fm C{nb- fpw
hgnbmbn {]h- \k\mIp- Xn\v Chs\ kw_n
nStmfw Akw`hyamWv .'' C{Xbpw Nnnnv Rm Cu
a\pjy icoc- n ]mZfpw akvX-Ihpw Cu cn
GXpam- ambn {]thinpw Fpw hnNmcnp.
12. k GX- ath koam\w hnZm- sscy- Xbm Zzmcm
{]m]ZyX. sskjm hnZr-Xn\ma ZzmkvX-tZX- m
-\w. Xky {Xb Bh-kYmkv{Xbx kz]v\mx, Ab-
am-hktYmbamhm-ktYmbamhkY CXn.
]c- ammhv Cu a\pjyicoc-ns koasb "aqm
hns\' AXmbXv {_- c- vds ]nfnv AXpamambn
B kPoh a\pjyicoc-n {]thin-p. Cu Zzmcw
hnZrXn (hnZo-am-s- - Zzmcw) F t]cn {]kn- - am
bnop. AXpXs Cu hnZrXn Fp t]cp-Zzmcw
({_-vdw) B\- -{]-Zmb-Iambn-cn-pp; AXmbXv
B\ kzcq]\mb ]c- ammhns {]m]vXn \Ipp. ]c-
taizcs {]m]vXnp m\- aqmIpp. kz]v \-
fpw aqv. BZyt- Xmb lrZbmImiw Atl- ns
D]e_v[nm\- amIpp. cma-tXv hnipmImicq]
]c-a-[- maw. AXv kXytemIw, tKmtemIw, {_-temIw,
kmtIX-temIw, ssIemkw BZn-bmb At\Iw t]cpI
fm Adn-bs-Spp. aqma-tXv Cu kq-amb
{_m- Wv U- am- Ip- p. AXp- t]mse Cu PK- ns
qehpw kqvahpw Imc-W-cq-]hpamb aq-h-
IXs CXns aqp kz]v\- fpw BIpp.
13. k PmtXm `qXm- \y- `n- sshy- JyXv Inan- lm\yw
hmhZn-jZn-Xn. k GXtah ]pcpjw {_ XXa-a-
]iyXv. CZa-Zian-Xo.
a\pjycq]n D-hn ]pcpj Cu `uXn- IP-K
ns hnNn- {X- c-N\sb hfsc B- cytmSpIqSn \mep
`mK- fn t\mpIbpw a\-n C{]Imcw ]dbpIbpw
I K
N P
172
sNbvXp ""Cu hnNn{X PKns\ krjv SnXv ChnsS am
cmWv ? FpsImsm CXv Fm krjvSn- -s- -
tX-b-. ImcyapXp ImcWw Xobmbpw CXns
krjvSmhmbn Bsc-nepw Dmbn-cn--Ww.'' C{]Imcw
hnNmcn-nv B km[- I Xs lrZb- n A-cyman-
bmbn hncmPnp ]pcpjs\-s Cu kq PK
n hym]nncn- p ]c- {_- ns cq]n, {]Xy
amn. Atm Ah B\- - \na\mbn Dn C{]
Imcw ]dbphm XpSn ""Atlm ku`mKyw, Rm ]c-
{_-]c-ta- iz- cs\ In- cnpp, kmmXvmcw {]m]n
ncn- p-p.''
Cu PKns hnNn{X cN\- sb- v CXns {kjvSm
hmb ]c- ammhns k- bn hnizknv a\pjy At
ls Adn- bp- Xn\pw {]m]n-p-Xn\pw DpI\mbn
Atl--s B{i-bnv {]hn-pp Fn
Xobmbpw B ]cm]cs\ Adnbphm Ignbpsa `mhw
ChnsS {]IS-am-s- n- cn-pp. ]c-ammhns\ Adn-bp
-Xn\pw {]m]np- Xn- \pap {]hrn Cu a\pjyico
c- n\npw am{Xta km[yamIbpq. ap icoc- - fn
km[ya.
14. Xkvam-Zn-Zt{m \mta-Zt{m l ssh \ma Xan-
Z{w kan{ CXymNtX ]tcmtW. ]tcm
{]nbm Ch ln tZhmx ]tcm{]nbm Ch ln
tZhmx
]c-{_ ]c- ammhns\ B a\pjyicoc-n D-
hn ]pcpj ]qtm- amb coXnbn Ip; Cu Imc-
WwsImpXs ]c-ammhns \maw "CZ{' Fmbn-
op. AXmbXv ""CZw {Z Chs\ Rm BZyw Incn
pp.'' Cu hypXv]nb-\pkcnv Atl-ns \maw
""CZ{'' Fmbn. C{]Imcw B ]c-ammhns \maw
"CZ{' Fp Xs-bmIpp Fncpmepw BfpI
CXns\ ]tcm`mhn "C{' Fp ]dp hnfnp
p. FpsImsm tZhKWfpw cl-kyambn-s-
- t]mse Aev ]w ]dbphm\njvSs- Spp. ""]tcm{]nbm
Ch ln tZhmx'' Cu An-a-hmIys hopw Dcn-p
sImv Cu JWvUns kam]vXnsb kqNn- npp.
ZznXo- bm- ymbw
{]Y- a-ImWv Uw
kw_w {]Y-amymb-n krjv Sn- bpsS D-n-
{Iatbpw a\pjyicoc- ns al- z- tbpw ]dp
Ignp. Pohmmhn\v Cu icoc-n ]c-ammhns\
Adnp IrX-Ir-Xy-ambn-ocphm km[n- psa- p
Imcyhpw kmtXn- Iambn ]dncnpp. Ctm Cu
icoc- ns A\n-XyXsb ImWnv sshcmKyw DmIp
-Xn-\pthn Cu Aymb- n a\pjyico-c-ns
D-nsb hnpp
1. ]pcptj l hm Ab- amZntXm Kt`m `hXn. btZX
t{ZXx XtZXXv ktht`ymMv tK`ykvtXPx kw`q
X-am-t\yhm- m\w _n`n XZyZm kv{Xnbmw
kn-XyssY\-\bXn XZky {]Yaw P.
Cu temIPohn BZyw ]pcpjicoc- n (]nXmhns
icocn) hocycq]tmSpIqSn K`amIpp. ]pcpjs
icoc- n- ep Cu hocyw Fm AwK-fn\npw ]pd-
s- pmb tXPv (kmcw) BWv . Cu ]nXmhv Xs kzcq
]`q-X-amb hocy-cq]tX- P- ns\ BZyw kzw icoc-
ns [cn- pIbpw ]cnt]mjnnpIbpw sNp
p. {_-Ncywhgn AXns\ hfn ]pjvSns-Sppp.
]noSv Ah AXns\ kv{XobpsS K`mib- n m]n
pp. Atm AXns\ K`cq]n D- hnnpp.
AXp amXmhns icoc-n {]th-in-p--XpXs
AXns BZy P-amIpp.
2. Xkv{Xnbm B-`qXw iXn. bYm kzaw KwX-
Ym. Xkvam-tZ\mw \ ln\-kvXn. kmsskyX amm
\-a-{X- KXw `mhb-Xn.
B kv {Xo (amXmhv ) bpsS icoc- n hptN B
K`w ]nXmhphgn-bmbn m]n- X-amb tXPv B
kv{XobpsS B-`mhs {]m]n-pp. AXmbXv Ah
fpsS aw-K t]mseXs CXpw AhfpsS Hc-hbh
ambn ]cn-Wan-pp. AXpImcWw B K`w AhfpsS
DZcn InSnpw bmsXmcphn[amb ]oUIfpw Ahsf
_m[nmsXbncnpp. AsXmcp `mc- ambntmepw A\p
`hs-Spn-. B kv{Xo Xs icoc- n hptN
Xs ]XnbpsS B- cq]amb Cu K`s Xs Hc- hb-
hwt]mseXs `Wkm[-\-sImp ]cnt]mjnn
pIbpw as-m-c-n- epap AXymhiy \nb-a-]me
\- sImp ]cn]menv AXns\ \Xpt]mse cn- p
Ibpw sNpp.
3. km `mhbn{Xo `mhbn-Xhym `hXn. Xw kv {Xo
K`w _n `n . tkm{ K Gh Ip amcw
Pt\mt{ K[n `m- h- b- Xn . k bXv Ip - amcw
Pt\mt{K[n`m- h- b- Xym- m- \- tah Xm- h- b-
tXyjmw temIm\mw kwX- Xym. Ghw kwXXm
lota temImkvX- Zky ZznXobw P.
kzw `mhns B-kz-cq]amb B K`s
Fm hn[- nepw kwc- npsImn-cn-p B K`nWn
hon-ep BfpIfmepw {]tXyInv AhfpsS `mhn-
\mepw ]cn]men- s- Sphm tbmKybmbnocpp. AXm
bXp honephcptSbpw `mhn-tbpw ]c-a- amb
I- hyamWv Ahp `W{Ia- fpw PohnXku
Icyfpw sNbvXpsImSpv Ahsf kwc- npI Fp
-Xv. B K`s {]khn-p- Xphsc kv{Xo (amXmhv)
Xs icoc- n hln- psImn- cn- pp. ]ns P\n-
Xn-\ptijw P\n- mepSXs AXns ]nXmhp PmX-
I K
N P
173
ImZn NSpIfmepw ap \m\m {]Imc- nep D]Nm
c-sImpw B Ipamcs\ AZypZb ioe\mpIbpw
P\\w apX Ah kYm tbmKy\mbnocp- Xphsc
Fm{]Imc- nepap ]cn]me\- fpw \m\mhn[- nep
ap hnZyIfpw {]Zm\wsNbvXv Fm {]Imc-nepw D-
X\mnopIbpw sNpp. IpnbpsS P\- \m\cw
B ]nXmhv , Ah Ign- hp-h\mbn- ocp-Xn-\pthn
Ah\p hnZym`ymkhpw kwc-Whpw \In tbmKy\m
n- opp; FpsImsm C{]Imcw-Xs
Hmtcmcp- - cn\npw D-hnv Ch-sbmw a\p- jy-
hs hnkvXoamnopp. Hcp Poh _me
Icq]n K`n \npw shfnbn-tebv p hcpXv
Ahs cmas P- amIpp.
Cu hnh-c-WnIqSn ]nXmhn\pw ]p{X- \p-ap
I- hyns inWw \Isn- cn- pp. amXm]n-
Xm- tfmSp ]p{Xmv `mcn NpaXeI Dsv Ah
a\-n-em-Ww. AXn-\m Ah F{X-am{Xw tkh\w
A\pjvTnmepw Ah XnIpw Aev]wam{Xta BIppq.
AXpt]mse ]nXmhpw NnntXpv; Rm\nh\p hfsc
D]Imc- - sfms sNbvXncnpp Fsmpw Al- cn
phm ]mSn; adnv Rm Fs- s A`nhrn- s-
Spn kzw I-hys ]men- n- cnpp Fv ]nXm
Nnn- -Ww.
4. tkmkymb- amm ]ptWy`yx {]Xn- [o- b- tX.
AYmkymb-an-Xc Bm IrX-IrtXym htbm-KXx
ss{]Xn. k CXx {]b-th ]p\Pm-btX XZky
XrXobw P.
ap]d {]Imcw ]nXmhns- Xs B-cq]amb
]p{X Imcy \SpXn\v tbmKy\mbnocptm
B ]nXmhv Ahs\ Xs {]Xn- \n- [nbmpp. Antlm
{Xw, tZh]qP, AXnYn- tkh apXembn sshZn- Ihpw euIn-
Ihpamb F{X- am{Xw ip`I-fptm Ahsbmn-
sbpw `mcw ]p{Xs\ Gnpp. Krl- s Fm
D- c- hmZnXzfpw ]p{X\n Npan IrXIrXy\mbno
cpp. AXmbXv Xs-s ]nXr- _myX-bn\npw
ap- \mbn- opp. AXn\ptijw Cu icoc- ns
Bbpv ]q-amIp--tXm-SpIqSn Abm (]n- Xm-hv)
AXns\ Dt]n-nv ChnsS \npw bm{X ]dbpp.
Atm ChnsS \npw t]mbn aptemIn Im\p
kcWw FhnsS GXptbm\n-bn P\n-ppthm AXv
Ahs aqmas P-amIpp. Cs\ Cu P- P-m
c- ns ]c-c XpSpsImtbncn- pp.
P\-\- a-c-W-fpsS almIjv S-XIsf Nnnv AXn
\npw tamN\w t\Sp- Xn\p Pohmmhv a\pjyicoc- n
encpp {]hnmXncnp- Xphsc Cu ]c- c XIcp
n. AXn\m CXn\pthn a\pjy Ahiyw {]hn
-Ww. CXpXs Cu {]Ic-Wns Dtiw Fp
t_myamIpp.
kw_w--C-{]Imcw IqS-qsS P\n-pIbpw acn-p
Ibpw sNpXv Hcp `bc-amb bmX-\- bmIpp. Cu
Pohn Cu cl-kys {Klnv Cu icoc- cq]amIp
IqSns\ XIv CXn\np XnIpw ths]Sp- Xphsc
B P-bmX-\bvp arXycq]ambbn\npw Hcn-epw
tamN\apmIpn. Cu Bibw ASp cp a{-
fn hma- tZha- ljn- bpsS Zrjv SmnqSn a\- nem
- s- Spp.
5. XZp-ar- jn-WmKt` \pk-t\z-jma-th-Zalw
tZhm\mw P\n-am\n hnizm. iXw am ]pc Bb-ko
c- c-- [x tiyt\m Phkm \nc- Zob- an- Xn. K`
GsshX bmt\m hmta-Zh Ghap-]mN.
ap]d \mep a{- fnepw hnhcnncnp Imcy
-fpsS clkyw ChnsS Ejn-Zzmcm ]db- s-n-cn-pp.
K`mh-bns AXmbXp K`w shfn-bn hcp
-Xn\p apmbn-s hma-tZh-a-ljnp bYm
m\w e`nncpp. AXn\m Atlw amXmhns DZc-
n InSpsImpXs ]dp ""Atlm alm`mKyw,
K`n hkn- psImpXs Rm Cu AxIc- W
- fptSbpw C{n-b-- fptSbpw tZh-X- IfpsS At\I
P- fnembn kw`hn- n- p cl-kysf \Xpt]mse
{Klnncn- pp. AXv Fsmcm- cyambncnpp. AXm
bXv P\\w apX-embh hmkvX-hn Cu AxIc-W
n-tbpw C{n-b- -fptSbpw am{X-amWv, Bmhns
A F Imcyw Rm XnIpw {Kln-pIgn-n-cn-p
p. Cu clkyw {Kln-p-Xn\p apv At\Iw teml-
kam\-ItTmc--fmb icoc]Rv Pc-- fn F\nv _-
\- a\p`hn- t- - Xmbn hn- p- v . Ah- bn \npw
tamN\w t\SpXv Fs kw_n-nS- tmfw Akm[y
amsWp Hcp ZrVhn-izmkhpw F\n-pmbn-cpp.
Ctm Rm IgpIs\- tmse m\-cq]amIp in
tb-dnb thKtmSpIqSn Ah-sbmw XIv Ah
bn\npw thdnpIgn- n- cnpp. B icoc- cq]-fm
Ip ]RvPc- - fpambn F\np bmsXmcp kw_hpw
Ahtijn-pn- . Rm F-t- bvpambn B icoc-
-fpsS Al-m- c-n\npw ap-\mbn- -gn-n- cn-
pp.
6. k Ghw hnZzm-\-kvam-coc-t`ZmZq[z DXv{I-aym
apjv an kztK temtI kmImam\m]v Xzm-
arXx ka-`mhXv ka-`hXv.
C{]Imcw P-P-mc--fmbp XXz-sf Adn-
np AXmbXv Poh Cu icoc- tmSpIqSn Hmbn
hknpIbpw icoc- s-s Xs kzcq]sap Icp
XpIbpw sNp- Xphsc Ch\p P\- \- ac- W- fn \npw
tamN\w e`n- pt- bn- . Ch\v IqsS- qsS \m\mtbm\n-
Ifn Pw FSpnv \m\mhn[- nep IjvSXI A\p
`hn- t- Xmbn-hcpp Cu cl-kys {Kln-n-p
I K
N P
174
m\n-bmb hma-tZha-ljn K`n\npw shfn-
bn hv Ahkm\w icoc- \miw kw`hn- tm temI
n \npw apIfntebvpIb- cpIbpw AXpt]mse
Du[zKXnZzmcm `Khms ]c- a[man Fn AhnSsb
Fm A`nemjfpw {]m]nv AXmbXv kYm B]vX-
Ima\mbnv Aa- c- \mbnocpIbpw sNbvXp. As\ P\-
\- ac- WN{In\npw \nXyambn tamN\w {]m]np. "ka
`hXv' F ]Zs BhnpsImv ChnsS Aymb-
ns kam]v Xnsb kqNnnn- cn- pp.
XrXo- bm- ymbw
{]Y-a-JWv Uw
1. tImbam- tXn hb- ap- ]m- kv a- tl. IXcx k
Bm. tb\ hm ]iyXn tb\ hm irtWmXn tb\
hm Km\mPn{LXn tb\ hm hmNw hymIp-tcmXn
tb\ hm kzmZp NmkzmZp N hnPm-\mXn.
Cu D]\njns Hpw cpw Aymb--fn- embn
cmm-fpsS h- \whp Hv ]c- ammhv , Fm
nt\bpw krjvSn-pIbpw kPoh ]pcpjs\ {]Xy
amn AXn\p kl- tbmKw \evIp-Xn\p kzbw AXn
{]thin- pIbpw sNp ]c-ammhv . cv Pohmmhv .
bmsXmns\ kPoh]pcpjcq]n ]c- ammhv {]IS-
ampIbpw P-PmcfpsS ]c- c- bn K`n
XpSnacWw hsc DmbncnpIbpw sNp Pohmm
hv . Chcn D]mkn- s- tS tZh Bcv? AXv F- s\-
bp-XmWv? AXns\ Fs\ Xncn- dn- bpp? Cu Imcy
sf \n-bn- p- Xn\v Cu Aymbw {]tbmP- \-sSp
pp. B D]mkytZh\mb ]c-ammhns XXzs
{Klnp- Xn- \ppIcmb Ipd- mfpI ]c- kv]cw Nnn-
phm XpS- n. ""bmsXmns\ \mw D]mkn- ppthm
AXmbXv bmsXmns\ D]mknnv AXns\ \mw {]m]n-
Wtam B Bmhv Bcv? cmas hmn bmsXm
ns kl-tbmKw sImv a\pjy t\{X- Zzmcm kakv X
Zriy- tfbpw ImWppthm bmsXmn\m I-
tI- sSppthm bmsXmn\m {LmtW{nbw \m\m
hn[- nep Ksf {LmWndnbppthm bmsXmn
\m ckt\- {nbw kzmZptXm CmtXm Fp hkvXp
sf {]tXyIw {]tXyIw Xncn- dn- bppthm AXv ap]
d cv Bm- fn GXmWv ?
2. btZX-r- Zbw a\- ssX-Xv . kwm\-amm\w
hnm\w {]m\w ta[m ZrjvSn[r- Xna-Xna-
\ojm PqXnx kvarXnx kev]x {IXpckpx Imtam
hi CXn khmtWysshXm\n {]m\ky \ma-
t[-bm\n `hn.
C{]Imc-ap hnNmc-sf AhX-cn-n-nv Atlw
BtemNn-pCu lrZbw AXmbXv AxIcWw CXp
Xs BZyw ]d-Xmb a\- v . kaymbn Fmw {Kln
p- Xn- \p ImgvNbn\np hcpp. in AXmbXv
ap-hsc BPvRmZzmcm `cnp- Xn\p in, ]Zm
sf {]tXyIw hnthNn-dn-bp-Xn-\p in, ImWp
Ibpw tIpIbpw sNp- hsb a\-kvknemp-Xn-
\p in, A\p`hsf [cnp- Xn\p in, Zi
\- in, ss[cyw AXmbXv hyXnNenmXncnp- Xn\p
in, _pn AXmbXv \n- bnp-Xn\p in, a\-
\wsNp- Xn\p in, thKwWt\- cwsImv Fhn
sS-bpsa-p-Xn-\p in, kvac-Win, kev]i
n, at\mcYin, {]mWin, A`nemjin, {ko kl
hmkw apXemb A`nemjC-{]Imc- ap Cu in
Isfmw B kzm\- kzcq]\mb ]c- amXvamhns \ma
- fm- Ip- p. AXm- bXv At- l- ns k- bpsS
t_m[s kv]jvS-amp eW-emIpp. Ch
sbmw Inv ChbpsS cNn-Xmhpw kmeI\pw c
\pambhs khym]Iamb k- bpsS PvRm\w Dm
Ipp.
3. Gj {_ssj C{ Gj {]Pm- ]- Xn- tctX
kthtZhm Cam\n N ]-a-lm`qXm\n ]rYn ho
hmbp-cmImi Bt]m tPymXowjotXyXm\oam\n N
p{ Z- an - { im- Wo- h- _o- Pm- \o- X- cmWn tNX- cmWn
NmPm\n N PmcpPm\n N tkzZPm\n tNmZv`n-
\n Nmizm Kmhx ]pcpjm lkvXnt\m bXvInw-
tNZw {]mWn PwKaw N ]X{Xn N bpmhcw
khw XXv{]PvRmt\{Xw {]PvRmt\ {]Xn-jvTnXw
{ ]Pv Rm- t\- t{ Xm- temIx { ]Pv Rm- { ]- Xn jv Tm
{]m\w {_.
C{]Imcw BtemNn- nv Atlw AJn-etbpw
krjvSnv Fm {]Imc-n-ep in {]Zm\w-sNbvXv
Ahsb kwcnp kzPv Rm\- kzcq]\mb ]c- amXvam
hpXs D]mkytZhs\p Xocpam\np. Ctlw-Xs
{_lmamhpw BZys Aymb-n hn-n-p
C{\pw BIp- p. Ct- lw- Xs Fm- n- tbpw
krjvSnbpw ]me\- hpw-\-S-p-h\pw kIe {]P-Ifp
tSbpw kzman-bpamb {]Pm]Xn-bmIpp. Fm C{mZn-tZ
hIfptSbpw ]rYn, BImiw, hmbp, Pew, tXPv Cu
cq]--en {]I-S-ambn-cn- pp. ]-a-lm`q-X-fpw
sNdnb sNdnb _oPcq]- fn nXambncnp Fm
PohnIfpw AXpt]mse Ahbn \npw `n- - fmbn ap
- hbpw AXmbXv A- - fn \npmIpXpw `qan
]nfpmIp-Xpw adp]n-n- bn \np-mIpXpw
hnbn \npmIpXpw AXmbXp a\pjyicoc-
nse Agpn\n-pmIpXpw IpXnc, B\, ]ip,
a\pjy Chsb- mw- IqSnb PKpw ]dp \SpXpw
nc- ambncn- pXpamb PohkapZmb- - fpw Cu Fm
{]mWn-Ifpw {]PvRm\-kz-cq-]\mb ]c- Xv amhn\npw
in{]m]nv Xmm- fpsS {]hrnIfn kacmbn
I K
N P
175
hnpIbpw B {]PvRmkzcq] ]c- ammhn nX
ambn-cn- p-Ibpw sNp-p. Cu AJne {_mw
{]PvRm\- in- bp-ambncnpp. CXns nXn- bpsS
B[mcw {]PvRm\kzcq]\mb ]camXvamhpXsbmIpp.
AXn- \m bmsXmcp t\cs C{s\pw {]Pm]
Xn- sb- pap \mam ]db- s- pthm bmsXmcp
Fmn-tbpw cN\bpw cbpw \IpIbpw Fm
n\pw Fmhn-[-n-epap in {]Zm\w sNp
{]PvRm\ kzcq]\mb ]c- amXvamhmbncnppthm At
lw-Xs \psS D]mkytZh\mbn- cn-p {_w B
Ipp.
4. k GtX\ {]PvtR-\mXva-\mkvam-tmImZpXm{I
aymapjvankztK temtI khm Ima-\m]vXzm
arXx ka-`h-a-`-hXv.
bmsXmcp C{]Imcw {]PvRm\- kzcq]\mb ]c- ta
izcs\ Adnbppthm Ah Cu temIn\npw apI
fntebvpbv AXmbXv icocs XyPnv ]c-am\- - a-
b- amb ]c- a[man {]PvRm\ kzcq]\mb {_lv atm
SpIqSn kqhpw Znhyhpw AeuIn-Ihpw Bb t`mK
cq]amIp ]c- am\- s {]m]nnv Aa-c- \mbnocppx
AXmbXv \nXyambn P\\ ac-W-fn\npw tamNn--
s- Spp. "ka- `hXv' (Bbnop) Cu ]Zns ]p\-
cpn D]\n-jns kam]vXnsb kqNn-n-p-Xn-\p
thn {]tbmKnn- cnpp.
imn- ]mTw
Hmw hmMvta a\kn {]Xn-jvTn-Xm. at\m ta hmNn
{ ]Xn - jv Tn - X- am- hn - c- hoa. G[n . thZky a
BWox {ipXw ta am {]lmkox. At\-\m[o
tX- \m- tlm- cm- {Xm kwZ [man- EXw hZn- jym- an.
kXyw hZn- jyman Xm- a- h- Xp. XZz- m- c- a- hXp
AhXp ama-hXp hm-c-a-hXp hm-cw.
Hmw imnx ! imnx !! imnx !!!
CXns Aw Cu D]\n-jns Bcw-`n
sImSpn- pv.
Q
{]ivt\m]\n-jv AYthZn ]n-emZ imJ-
bpsS {_mW `mKn\n-pXmWv. Cu D]\n-j
n ]n-emZ aljn kptIimZn- Ifmb Bdp aljn-
amcpsS Bdp tNmZyv {Ia{]Imcw Dcw ]dbpp.
AXn- \m CXns t]cv {]ivt\m]\n- jv Fm-bn-
op.
imn- ]mTw
Hmw `{Zw It`nx irWpbma tZhm `{Zw ]tiy
tam `ncyP{Xm:
nssc cMvssKkvXpjvSp hmwkkvX-\q`n hytia
tZhlnXw bZmbp:
{]iv t\m]\njv
1
3
kzkv Xn\ \ Ct{m hr-{ihmx kzkvXn \x
]pjm hniz-thZm:
kzkvXn \ kvXmtym Acn-jvS-t\an:
kzkvXn t\m _rl-kv]XnZ[mXp.
Hmw imnx imnx imnx
KpcpIpe- fn Ayb\w sNp injym X-
fpsS Kpcphn\pw kl-]mTn-Ipw XYm am\-hkaql-
n\pw awKfw DmIp- Xn\mbn tZhX-ItfmSp {]mn
pp. ""tl tZhmtc, R R-fpsS ImXpIfn
ip`aw-Kf-Ic--fmb hN\- am{Xw tI-s. \n,
Bt]w, Ak`yw AXpt]mse ap ]m]P\nX- fmb
Imcy Ch R-fpsS ImXpIfn ]XnmXncn- s.
I K
N P
176
R- fpsS kzw PohnXw `P\- ]mcmb- WmZnIfm kZm
`Khms Bcm[- \- Ifn hym]rXambncn-s. I--
fnqSn {ihnpIam{Xw sNmsX t\{X sImpw
R kZm awKfs Zin- s. GsXnepw Aaw- Kf
Imcntbm AYhm \min- tebvp \onsmn- cnp
tXm Bb Imgv NIsf R- fpsS ZrjvSn BIjn- m
Xncn- s. R- fpsS icocw, Hmtcm Ahb- hhpw, `Khms\
kv XpXnpsImn-cn-p- Xn\p kpZrVhpw kp]pjv Shpam
bn- oc- s. R- fpsS Bbqv t`mKhnemk-fn apgp
In-- gn- bmXncn- s; `Khm\p {]tbmP-\s- Sp hn[- n
ep Bbpv Rp e`n-s. (tZhI R- fpsS
Hmtcm C{n- b--fnepw A[n-hknv Ahsb kwc-np
Ibpw {]hn- n- pIbpw sNpp. Ah-\pIqeam
bncnp-XpsImv R-fpsS C{nb- kpKaambn
kmn XpSpsImncnpp. AXpsImv Ah
tcmSpw {]mnpXv DNnXamIpp) Fm ZnpIfnepw
kpb-itmSpIqSnb- hcmb tZhcmP C{, k-
\mb ]qjmhv , Acnjv S\nhmc- I\mb Xmy (KcpU),
_pnbpsS kzmanbmb _rl- kv ]Xn Ctlw Fm tZh
mcptSbpw hn`qXnbmIpp Ch kZm R-fpsS awK
fs ]cnt]mjnn--s. ChcpsS Ir]bm R- tfm
sSmp Fm PohnIpw awKfw Dmbnsmn-cn-
- s. Bymn-Ihpw B[nssZhnIhpw B[n `uXnIhpw
Bb Fm Xm]pw imn-bpmIs!
{]Y- a- {]iv \w
1. Hmw kptIim N `mc- ZzmPx ssihyx kXyImax
kucym-bWo N KmKyx Iukeymiz-em-bt\m
`mthm sshZ`nx I_o ImXym- b- \kv tX
ssltX {_-]cm {_-\njvTmx ]cw {_mt\z-
jamWm Gj l ssh Xw hyXoXntX
l kan-Xv]mWtbm `Khw ]n-emZap]kmx
HmwImc-kz-cq-]amb kn-Zm\-\v L\-]c-am-m-hns
kvac-WtbmSpIqSn D]\njv Bcw- `npp. `c-ZzmPs
]p{X kptIim, in_nIpamc kXyIma, K- tKm{X-
n ]nd kucymbWn, tImketZi \nhmkn- bmb
Biz- emb-\, hnZ`tZis `m-h, IXys {]]u
{X I_n Ch {]kn- - mcmIpp. Ch thZm`ymk
]cmb-Wcpw {_- \njv T ({iZ[m]qw thZm\pIqeamb
BNc-Ww) \Sp- hcpw Bbncpp. Hcn Cu Bdp
aljnamcpw ]c- {_-]ctaiz- c- hn-jb- Iamb Pnmk
bm Hnp]pds- p. ]n-emZ aljnv Cu hnjbw
\mbndnbmsav Ah tIncpp. AXn\m "{_s
kw_nv \mw Adnbphm\m{Klnp- sXmw Atlw
\app ]dpXcpw' Fp hnNmcnv Ah Pnmkp
-fpsS thjne ssIbn kanpw FSpp ]n- em
Zaljn- bpsS ASp sNp.
2. Xml k Ejn-cphmN `qb Gh X]km {_
NtcyW {ibm kwh- cw kwh- yY bYm-
Imaw { ]iv \m]r- X bZn hn m- kymax
khwl thmh-yma CXn.
ta-d Bdp aljn- amcpw ]c-{_-]-c-amb
Pnmkbm XsbSp hXp Inv aljn ]n
emZ AhtcmSp ]dp \n X]kzn-IfmWtm.
\n {_-Ncys ]men- psImp kmwtKm]mw- Kth
Zhpw ]Tn- n- cnpp. Fncpmepw Fs B{ian
hknpsImv hopw Hcp kwh- cmew {im]qw
{_-Ncys A\pjvTn-psImv X]cybn Ign-bp
hn. AXn- \ptijw \n Fm{Kln-ppthm AXv
FtmSp tNmZn- psImpI. \n tNmZnp tNmZy
F\n--dn-hp- XmsWn \ntlw \nv
Fmmcyfpw \mbn a\nemI- - hn[w ]dp
Xcmw.
kw_w aljn- bpsS B{]-Imcw Fmhcpw
{i, {_-Ncyw, X]ky Chsb hn[n- ]qw \nln-
psImv Hcp kwhcw AhnsS hkn-p.
3. AY I_o ImXymb\ Dt]Xy ]{]
`Kh ItXm l hm Camx {]Pmx
{]Pmb CXn.
]n-emZa-ljn-bpsS B{]Imcw Ah {im
]qw {_- Ncyw ]menpsImv AhsS X]cy A\p
jv Tnphm XpSn. aljnbpsS kwc- Wbn kwb-
atmSpIqSn Pohnv Hcp hjw hsc Ah XymKabambn
PohnXw Ign-p. AXn-\ptijw Ahscmw hopw ]n-
emZ aljnbpsS kao]w sNp. Ahcn k{]Y- a\pw
IXya- ljn-bpsS {]]u{X\pamb I_n `n- tbmSpw
hn\- b- tmSpwIqSn tNmZnp. ""`Kh, bmsXmn \npw
Cu kq- NcmNc- PohnI \m\mcq]- fn Dev ]-
ambn- cnppthm bmsXmv CXns kp\n- nXamb ]c-
aImc- WamIppthm AXv FmIpp?
4. Xkvssa k tlmhmN {]PmImtam ssh {]Pm]
Xnx k Xt]mX]yX k X]kvX]vXzm k anYp\-
apXv ]mZbtX. cbnw N {]mWw tNtXyXu ta _lp
[m{]Pmx Icn-jyX CXn.
I_n- aljnbpsS Cu tNmZyw {ihnv aljn ]n-
emZ ]dp tl ImXymb-\, AJne Pohn- IfptSbpw
kzmanbmb ]c- taizc\v krjv SnbpsS Bcw- `n {]Psb
Dev]mZnn-phm Cbpmb-tm Atlw kev]
cq]amb X]\pjvTnp. Cu kwKXn thZ-fn {]kn-
-amWtm! X]n\npw Atlw k{]Ya-ambn
cbnbpw {]mW\pw, Ch cn-t\-bpw, Hcp tPmUn-bmbn
krjvSn-p. AXns\ krjvSn-Xns Dtiw Ch cpw-
IqSntv F\n-pthn \m\m-{]Imc--fn-ep-ap
I K
N P
177
krjv SnIsf Dev ]mZnnpXn\mbncpp. Cu a{n
Fmn\pw Poh {]Zm\w sNpXv GsXmcp kajv Sn
Poh\- inbmIppthm AXns\ ""{]mW'' F t]cn
hnfnpp. Cu Poh\- inbn\npXs {]IrXnbpsS
qekz-cq]n kakv X hkvXp- fnepw Poh,
nXn ChbpsS bYmtbmKyambp kmaRvPkyw kw`
hnpIbm qe`qX kapZmb- ns \maw "cbn' Fp
hnfn- s- p. AXp {]mWcq]amb Poh\- in- bm A\p
{]mWnXambn ImcyaamIpp. {]mW tNX\- bmIpp.
cbn in-bpw BIr-Xnbpw BIpp. {]mWtbpw cbn-
bptSbpw kwtbmKn \np Xs krjvSnbpsS ka-
kv XImcyfpw ]qnbm- s- Spp. ChXs A\y{X
Anbpw tkma\pw F-t]cn ]db- s-n- cnpp.
5. BZntXym l ssh {]mtWm cbn-tch
N{am cbn
hm GXXv kw bqw Nmaqw
N Xkvam-qn-tch cbnx
Cu a{n {]mWtbpw cbn-bptSbpw kzcq
]s hnhcn- pp. ]n-emZ ]dp Cu ImWs
Sp kq- PKv {]mW\pw cbnbpw Fo cpXXz
-fptSbpw kwtbmKn \ntm kn-{iWn
\ntm Dmbn-cn-pp. AXn-\m Chsb {]tXyIw
{]tXyIw FSpp]d-bphm km[ya-. Fn- cpmepw
\mw {]Xyambn- mWp Cu kqcyXs {]mW\m
Ipp. Fm CXns AJn-en\pw Poh
{]Zm\w sNp tNX\mi- n- bpsS {][m\- Xbpw A[n- I
Xbpw nXn-sNpp. Cu kqcy B kqva-Poh\- i
nbpsS L\o`qXamb kzcq]amIpp. AXpt]mseXs
Cu N{ cbn-bmIpp. FpsImsm CXn
qeX-Xz-sf ]pjvSn-s-Sp-p `qX-X-m-{X-IfpsS
B[nIyw \ne\npp. kakv X PohnIfptSbpw qe
icoc-- fpsS t]mjWw Cu N{s inb {]m]n- np
kw`hnpp. \psS icocn Ch cntbpw in
I {]tXyIw AwK{]XywK-fn hym]v Xambncnpp.
Ahbn Poh\ inbpambp kw_w kqcy\n
\npw amwkw, taZv apX- emb qe-X- Xz- - fpsS
kw_w N{-\n \npamIpp.
6. AYmZnXy DZbbXv {]mNow Zniw {]hn-iXn-
tX\ {]mNym {]mWm civ anjp kn-[-t.
b- nWmw bXv {]XoNow bZp- ZoNow bZt[m
bZq[zw bZ- - cm- Zntim bw {]Im- i- bXn
tX\ khm {]mWm civanjp kn-[-t.
Cu a{n Fm Pohn- Ifn-epap Poh\ in-
tbmSv kqcy\p kw_s ImWn-pp. cm{Xn-p
tijw kqcy ]qZn- n DZnv Xs {]Imiw hym]n
nptm AhnsSbp PohnIfpsS {]mWs\ Xs Inc
W- fm [cn-pp. AXmbXv AhbpsS Poh\ in
kqcyInc- W- fpambn _- s-nv Ahbvp \ho\- amb
kv^pn e`yamIpp. AXpt]mse Xs GsXmw ka
b-- fn FhnsShnsSsbmw kqcy Xs {]Imiw ]c-
ppthm Ahn-S-hn-sS-bp Pohn-Iv kv^pn
\In- sm-t- bn-cn- pp. AXn- \m kqcy Cu
kakvX PKn- tbpw {]mW\mIpp.
7. k Gj sshizm\tcm hniz-cq]x {]mtWmncp-
Zb-tX. XtZXZr- Nm`ypw.
Pohn-IfpsS icoc- n nXn-sNp sshizm\c-
P- Tcmn- bm `Ww Zlnpp. AXv kqcys Xs
AwiamIpp; AXn\m kqcy Xs-bmIpp. AXp
t]mse {]mW, A]m\, kam\, hym\, DZm\ Cu
Apcq]-fnepw {]mW hn`-ambn- cnpp. AXpw
B DZbkqcys AwiamWv. AXn-\m kqcy Xs
BIpp Cu Imcyw Xs ASp EIvhmcm hy- am-
s-Sp- p.
8. hniz-cq]w lcnWw PmX- th-Zkw
]cmbWw tPymXn-tcIw X]w
kl-{kcivanx iX[m h-am\x
{]mWx {]Pm\map-Zb-tXyj kqcyx.
Cu IncW Pme- - fm aWv Un- Xhpw {]Im- i-
]qhpw X]n-psImn-cn- p-Xpamb kqcy hniz-
ns kakv X cq]-fptSbpw tI{- amsWv AXns
XXzw Adn-bp-h ]dbpp. Fm cq]fpw (\n-dhpw
BIrXn- bpw) kqcy\n\npw D-hn-pIbpw {]Imin-
pIbpw sNpp. Cu kqcyXs AJnen- tbpw
D]nm\hpw Poh tPymXnns aqet{kmXpw
BIpp. CXp khpw km[mchpw BIpp.
sshizm\cmKv X\n {]mWin-bpsS cq]n Fmbn-
Spw hym]nn-cn-pIbpw Fmnt\bpw hln- psIm
n- cnpIbpw sNpp. kakvX PKn- tbpw {]mW
cq]w kqcy Xs-bmWv. CXn\p Xpeyambn Cu PK
n ap bmsXmcp Poh\- inbpw C. Cu kl-{kIn
c- W\mb kqcy \psS Fm {]h- \- fptSbpw XpS
w- Ipdn- psImv DZn- pp. {]]n NqSpw {]Im
ihpw ]cpI, AJnen\pw Poh\- in {]Zm\w sNp
I, EXpsf ]cn-h-\-s- SppI apX-embn \psS
AkwJyw Bhiysf ]qoIcn-psImv Fm
krjv Sn- IfptSbpw PohZmXmhmb {]mWXs kqcys
cq]n DZnpsImncn- pp.
kw_w kin- am\mb ]c- {_ ]c- ta- iz- c- \n
\npXs Atl-ns kev]w hgn {]mWtbpw
cbnbptSbpw kwtbmK-n\npw Cu {]]ns
Dev]n apX-embh kw`hnp Fv ImXymb\ I_
n-bpsS tNmZyn\p kwt-]ambn Dcw ]dp.
C\n Cu {]mWin- bptSbpw cbnin- bptSbpw kw_
I K
N P
178
tmSpIqSn ]c-ta- iz- cs\ D]mkn- m\p coXn- Ifpw
AXns ^efpw ]d- bp- Xn\pthn ASp {]IcWw
Bcw- `npp
9. kwh- tcm ssh { ]Pm- ]- Xn- kv X- kym- bt\
ZnWw tNmcw N. XtZy l ssh XZn- jv Sm-
]qt IrX- an- Xyp- ]m- ktX tX Nm{- a- k- tah
temI-a-`n-P-b-t. X Gh ]p\-cmht Xkvam-
tZX Ejbx {]PmImam ZnWw {]Xn-]Zyt Gj
l ssh cbnbx ]nXrbmWx.
Cu a{-n kwh- cs ]c-ammhns {]Xo
Iamnbnv AXns AwKcq]cbnm\ob t`mKy]Zm
-fpsS DtitmSpIqSn \S--s-Sp D]mk\bpw
AXns ^ehpw ]dbpp. `mhw Fs-m, ]{p
amk-tfmSpIqSnb kwh- c-cq]amIp Imew Xs.
krjvSn-bpsS kzman-bmb ]c-ta-iz-cs kzcq]amIpp.
CXn\v cv Ab- \--fpv; Zn-Whpw D-c-hpw. Zn-
Wmb\- nse Bdp amk-fn kqcy sXtmmbn
AXns ZnWmw-Ksa--t]mse Idpp. D- cmb- \-
nse Bdpamk AXns D- cmwKhpamIpp. Ah
bn D{XmwKw {]mW\mIpp; AXv Cu hniz-ns
B- kzcq]amb B ]ctaizcs kmcyman- kz- cq]
amWv . Zn- WmwKw cbn AXmbXv AXns _mlyt`mKy
kz-cq]amIpp. Cu temIn kmt\-Nvip-fmb
EjnI kzmZn kmwkmcnIt`mK- fn Bk- cmbn
cn- pp. Ah bmZnI hgn- bmbn tZhX- Isf ]qPn
p- I, {_m- WmZn t{ijv Tmp [\m- Zn- I- fm
kmcw \SpI, ZpxJnXp tkh\w A\pjvTnpI
apXemb- hbpw AXpt]mse Ipfw, InW, ]qtmw, Bip
]{Xn, A\mYmebw, ]pkvXImebw apX- embn temtIm]
Imc{]Z- fmb Nncmbn kvamcI m]npI apX
emb [mnIIrXysf X-fpsS DIrjv S- I-hy
-fmbn- -cpXpp. X^- eambn Cu temInepw ]c-
temInepap t`mKsf Dtinv ChbpsS D]mk\-
Isf A\pjvTn-pIbpw sNpp. CXv B kwh-c- cq
]\mb ]c- taizcs ZnWmwKs Dtinp D]mk
\- bmIpp. CXn-s\-s Cuimhmtkym]-\n- jn
Akw`qXnbpsS D]mk\m \man tZhI, ]nXr,
a\pjy BZn- bmb icoc- -fpsS tkhambn ]db- s- n- cn
pp. CXns {]`mhm Ah N{- temIw {]m]np
Ibpw AhnsS Ah X- fpsS I^- e A\p`hn-
np hopw Cu temIntep Xncnphcn- Ibpw sNp
p. CXp Xs ]nXr-bmWamw BIpp.
10. AtYm-tcyW X]km {_-NtcyW {i
bm hnZymbmm\-a-\zn-jymZn-Xya-`n-P-b-t. GX
ssZz- {]mWm\m-amb-X\-ta-X- Zar-Xa-`b- ta-XXv ]cmb-
Wta-X-kvam ]p\-cmh CtXyj \ntcm[-
kvX- tZj tmIx.
D]cyp kIm-tam]mk-Imcn\npw `n-ambn
IeymWImanIfmbn- p km[-Im Cu kmwkmcn- It`m
K- fpsS A\nXyX- tbbpw ZpxJ-kzcq]tbpw a\- nem
nbnv Ahbn \npw XnIpw hnc--cmbnocpp.
Ah {i-tbmSpIqSn XymKa-b- amb PohnXw \bn-p
Ibpw BymnI hnZyhgn-bmbn, AXmbXv ]c-am-
{]m]vXn e`yamp-Xn\- \pIqeamb GsX-nepw km[\
hgn-bmbn, AJn-en-tbpw B-kzcq]amb ]c-{_
]pcptjm- as\ \njvmaambn D]mknpp. CXp kwh
-c- cq]amIp {]Pm]XnbpsS D-cmw- Kns D]mk
\-X-s- bmIpp. CXns\ Cutimhmtkym]\n-jn
kw`qXn-bpsS D]mk-\- sbp ]dn-cn-pp. CXns
D]m-k-I D- cm-b-W-am-nqSn kqcy-tem-I-
nsNp kqcys B- kzcq]amb ]c- {_]c- taiz
cs\ {]m]n- pp. kakvX PKn-tbpw {]mWtI{w
Cu kqcyX- s- bmIpp. CXpXs Aa- c- Xzhpw Ahn-
\minbpw \n`b-]Zhpw BIpp; CXpXs ]c- a- KXn-bm
Ipp. CXns\ {]m]np almm aS- nhcpn.
CXv ]qP-s XS-bp BXyn-I{]f-b- amWv. Cu
a{n kqcys\ ]c-ta- iz- cs kzcq]ambw-KoIcn-p
sImpXs D]cyp-a-lna ]db- s-n-cn-p-p. CtX
kwKXn Xs ASp a{n HpIqSn kv]jvS-am
pp.
11. ]-]mZw ]nXcw ZzmZimIrXnw Znh Blpx ]tc
At ]pco-jn-Ww. AtXta A\y D ]tc hnN
Ww k]vX- Nt{I jUtc Blpcn-X- an-Xn.
]c-{_ ]c-ta-iz-cs ZrjvSn-tKmNc-cq]amb Cu
kqcy\v Ap]mZ- fpsv F{Xtbm XXzthm
]dbpp. AXmbXv Bcp EXp- fn \npw tla- hpw
inin-chpw Cu cv EXpsf Hmn-bnv ]- EXp
sf Ah Cu kqcys ApNc-W- fmbn hnhn-
pp. AXpt]mse ]{pamksf CXns ]{m
IrXn- Ifmbpw AXmbXv ]{p icoc-ambpw ]dbpp.
CXns m\w kz- temInepw D- XamIpp. kz-
temIw t]mepw CXns {]ImiwsImp tim`npp. Cu
temI- n hjn- - s- Sp Pe- ns Dn
CXn\n- pXs- bmIpp. AXn\m AJnen\pw Pe
cq]Poh {]Zm\w sNp- XpsImv CXv FmhcptSbpw
]nXmhmbncnpp. ap m\n- Ifmbp- h ]dbp-Xv ,
Nphp a apXembn k]v Xh- Inc- Wbphpw XYm
hkmZn-Ifmb Bdv EXp-fptSbpw tlXp `qX- hpamb
Cu hnip-{]Imia-b- amb kqcya-WvUen Ggp
N{Ifpw Bdv Bc-mepIfpap cY-n nXn-
sNpp. CXns B kzcq] Fmhpw \mb-dn-
bmhp k- \mb ]c- taizc, Xs D]mky\mIp
p. \psS qet\-{X-v ImWs-Sp kqcya-
WvUew AXns icoc-amIpp. AXn-\m CXv AXns
Xs-bmb alnabmIpp.
I K
N P
179
12. amtkm ssh {]Pm]Xn- kvXky IrjvW-]
Ghcbnx ipIvfx {]mWkvXkvamtZX Ejbx ip
CjvSw Ipho-Xc CXc-kvan.
Cu a{-n amkp {]Pm]Xn ]c-ta- izcs
cq]w sImSpnp I hgn AXns\ D]mknp-
Xn\p clkyw ]d-b- s- ncnpp. Hmtcm amkhpw {]Pm
]Xn-sb-tmse Fp `mhn- pp. AXn IrjvW]
nse ]Xn\- pZnhk B ]cammhns ZnWmw
KamWv. CXns\- Xncmbn (qe`qXkapZmbns ImcWw
Fp a\-nem-Ww. CXv B ]c-ta-iz-cs in- kz-cq
]amb t`mKab cq]amIpp. C\n ip]nse ]Xn-
\p Znhk D- cmwKamWv. CXpXs {]mW\mIp
p. Fmn\pw Poh{]Zm\w sNp ]c-ammhns
km-cyan-bmb Ejn-bm-bn-cn-ppthm AXm-bXv
bmsXmcp cbn m\ob t`mKhkvXp-fn\npw
hnc- - \mbnv {]mWm\ob km cq]amb ]c- {_
s B{Klnppthm Ah Xs kakvX ip`I
sf ip]n A\pjv Tn- pp; AXmbXv ip]
m\ob-\mb {]mWm[mc ]c-{_]c-ta- iz-c-\mbn
AWw sNpp. kzbw AXns bmsXmcp^-ehpw
Cnpn. Chbn\npw hn`n- ambn t`mKmk- cm
bn-ph IrjvW]n AXmbXv IrjvW]
m\ob-amb qe]Zm-fpsS {]m]vXn-p-thn
Fmhn[ Ifpw A\pjv Tn- pp.
13. Atlmcmt{Xm ssh {]Pm]Xn-kv X- kyml-tch
{]mtWm cm{Xn-tch cbnx {]mWw hm GtX {]kv-
-ntb Znhm cXym kwbp-Pyt {_- Ncytah
XZzm{Zm{Xu cXym kwPyt.
Cu a{n cm{Xn- bptSbpw ]Ientbpw cq]amb
Ccp]n\mep aWnq Imecq]n ]c- taizcs cq]
Iev]\ \S-n-bnv Poht\m]tbmKn-bmb I-fpsS
clkyw {Kln- -s-Spp. Cu cmhpw ]Iepw IqSntcp
Xp ]c-ta-iz-cs ]q-cq]sa-mWp `mhw. Znhkw
AJn-en\pw Poh {]Zm\w-sNp Atl-ns
{]Imiab hnip-cq]hpw cm{Xn t`mKcq]amb cbnbpw
BIp-p. AXpIm-cWw bmsXmcp ]Ikabw
kv {XokwKw sNppthm AXmbXv ]c-ammhns
hnip kzcq]s {]m]n-p-Xn-\p CtbmSp IqSn
{]Imia-b-amb am-nqSn Nen-phm Bcw-`n-
npw kv {XokwKw apXemb t`mKhnemk- fn Bk-
\mbncnppthm Ah Xs eyn- semsX Cu
Aaqey Pohn- Xt hy- ambn \jv S- s- Spp- p.
CXn\npw `n-ambn bmsXmcp kmwkmcn- Iamb
DXn B{Klnppthm Ah imkv {X \nb- aa\pkcnv
EXp- Im- e- n cm{ Xn- k- abw \nb- am- \p- kr- X- ambn
kv{XokwKw \S-pp Fn Ah imkv{X-ns
BI ]men- p- XpsImv {_-Nmcnp Xpey\m
bn-ocpp. Cu a{n Krl--m Hcn-epw
]I kv{XokwKw \S-mXncn-p-Xn\pw hnln- Xamb
cm{Xn- Ime- fn imkv{Xm\pkcWw \nb- an- Xhpw kwb-
anXhpw Bb cq]n kmt\mev]mZt\- tbmSpIqSn
am{Xw kv {Xo kl-hmkw sNp-Xn\pw D]tZin- -s-n-
cnpp. Atm Ah\p {_-Nmcn-IfpsS KW\-bn
hcphm Ign-bpp.
14. Aw ssh {]Pm]Xn-kvXtXm l ssh Xt{ZX
kvXkvamZnax {]Pmx {]Pmb CXn.
Cu a{n As (`Ww) {]Pm]Xn-bpsS
cq]n hn`mh\w sNbv Xnv AXns alnasb ]dbpp
AJne PohPme-fptSbpw Blmc-cq]amb Aw
Xs { ]Pm- ]- Xn - bm- Ip- p. Fp- sIm- s- m
CXn\npw hocyapmIpIbpw B hocyn\npw
kakvX PohnIfpw D- hnpIbpw sNpp. Cmc-W
m Cu A- tbpw {]Pm]Xn-sbp KWn- pp.
kw_w C\n t\cs ]dn- p cp {]Imc--
fn-epap km[- Imscbpw tbmPnnp {]tXyIw
{]tXyIw ^esf hnpp
15. XtZy l ssh XXv{]Pm-]Xn-{hXw cNn tX
anYp\-apXv]mZb-t. tXjmta- sshj {_-temtIm
tbjmw Xt]m {_-Ncyw tbjp kXyw {]Xn-jvTn-
Xw.
bmsXmcp- km-t\mn cq]amb {]Pm
]XnbpsS {hXw A\pjv Tn- ppthm AXmbXv kzmZn-
temI- fnse t`mK{]mXnpthn imkv {XhnlnX- fmb
Isf BNcnpsImv \nb- am\pkrXw kv {XokwKw
apX-emb t`mKsf D]t`mKn-pphthm Ah ]p{X-
mtcbpw ]p{Xn-Itfbpw Dev ]mZnnp {]P- Isf hnn-
pp. bmsXmcp CXn\npw `n-\mbn-cn-p
pthm bmsXmcp- \n {_Ncyhpw X]pw \nd- n
cn- ppthm bmsXmcps PohnXw kXya-bhpw XYm
kXykz-cq]\mb ]c-ta-iz-cs\ Xs lrZb-n \nXy
hpw nX- \mbn IpsImncn- ppthm Ah\pam{Xw
B {_-temIw (]c- a]Zw, ]c- aKXn) e`npp; ampw
e`npn.
16. tXjmaku hnctPm {_-temtIm \ tbjp
Pn- a-\rXw \ ambm tNXn.
bmsXmcp-\n IpSneX ehteiw t]mepanmXn-cn-
ppthm bmsXmcp kz]v \- nt]mepw anYym`m
jWw sNmXn-cn-pIbpw AkXya-b-amb BNc- W-
fn \nv AIp\npIbpw sNppthm bmsXmcp
-\n cmKtZz-jmZn-hn-Imc kYm CmXn-cn-p
pthm bmsXmcp Fm{]Imc-n- epap h-\,
Im]Syw XpSnb-hbn \np clnX\mbn-cnppthm
Ah\pam{Xw B hnImc-c-ln-X-amb {_-temIw e`n- p
p. CXn\p hn]coX-amb eW-tfmSpIqSn-b-hv
AXp e`npn.
I K
N P
180
ZznXo- b- {]iv \w
1. AY ssl\w `mthm sshZ`nx ]{]. `K
h ItXyh tZhmx {]Pmw hn[m- c- bt IXc
GXXv {]Imibt Ix ]p\-tcjmw hcnjvT CXn.
Cu a{n `m-ha-ljn ]n-emZt\mSv aqp
kwKXn- I tNmZnpp. 1. PohoIfpsS icocs hln-
psImn-cn-pXv BsI F{X tZhX-IfmWv? 2. Ah
bn GsXmw CXns\ {]Imin-n-pp? 3. Chcn
AXyw t{ijvT\mbnpXv Bcv?
2. Xkv ssa k tlmhm- Nm- Imtim l hm Gj
tZthm hmbpc-n-cm]x ]rYznho hmMva-\-px
t{im{Xw N, tX {]Imiy`n-hZn hb-ta-X- Zv_mW
a-hjvS`y hn[mc-bmax.
C{]Imc- ap `m- hs tNmZyn\p aljn]n- em
Z adp]Sn ]dp. ChnsS cp {]iv \- fpsS Dcw
HmbnsImSppp. Atlw ]dpx AJnentbpw
B[mcw BImicq]amI tZh\mWv. AXn\npw
DXv `hn hmbp, An, Pew, ]rYzn Cu \mep alm`qX-
fpw icocs hln-psImn- cn-pp. Cu qei
cocw Chbn\npmbnp-XmIpp. AXn\m Ch
[mcItZhX- Ifmbncnpp. hmWn apXemb ApIt
{n-b-fpw t\{Xw, t{im{Xw BZn-bmb Ap mt\-
{n- b-fpw AXpt]mse a\v XpS-n-bmb \mex- Ic-
Wfpw Cu ]Xn\mep tZhX- I icocs {]Iminn
p- hcmIpp. Cu tZhX- I icocs hlnpIbpw
{]Imin-n-pIbpw sNpp. CXpsImv Ch [mc-I
mcpw {]ImiImcpamb tZhXI Fp hnfn- -s-Sp
p. Ch Cu tZls {]Imin-npsImv ]c-kv ]cw
Ieln-pIbpw. ""\mw Cu icoc- n\v B{ibw \In
\ne\npp'' Fv Al-mc-]qw ]c- kv]cw ]dbp
Ibpw sNpp.
3. XmhcnjvTx {]mW DhmN. am taml-am]ZyYm
lta-ssh-X-Xv ][mm\w {]hn-`-ssPy-XZv_m
Wa-hjvS`y hn[mc-bmaoXn tX{i[m\m _`phpx
C{]Imcw kq alm`qX, C{nb- fpw Ax
Ic-Wcq]hpamb tZhXI ]c- kv]cw hmZ{]Xn- hmZw \S
n-b- tm, k-t{i- jv T- \mb {]mW Ah- tcmSp
]dp ""\n Adnhnm- htc- tmse C{]Imcw hmZ
{]XnhmZw \SmXncnq. \n Bcnepw Cu icocs
hln-p-Xnt\m kpc-n-X-ambn \ne \np-Xnt\m
D inbn. Rm Fss ({]mW, A]m\,
kam\, hym\, DZm\) Ambn hn`Pnv B{ibw
\In CXns\ hlnpsImn- cnpp; Fms
CXv kpc- n-X-ambn \ne\npp.'' {]mWs Cu
hmpI tInv B tZhX- I AXp hnizknn. Ah
AhnizmknIfmbns Ign- p.
4. tkm`nam- \- Zq[z- ap- Xv {I- aX Ch Xkv an- pXv
{Ima-XytY- Xtc kh GthmXv{Imat Xkvanw
{]Xn-jvTamt\ k Gh {]mXn-jvT-t. XZyYm
anIm a[p-Ic-cmPm\-apXv{Imaw khm Gthm
Xv {Ima Xkvanw {]Xn- jvT-amt\ khm Gh
{]mXn-jvT Ghw hmMva-\-px t{im{Xw N tX
{]oXmx {]mWw kvXp\z-n.
Atm Ahsc Xs {]`mhw ImWnv HXpp- Xn-
\pthn kt{ijvT\mb {]mW A`nam\n\p apdnhp
Xnb- XpsImv cpjvS\mbn icoc- n \npw shfnbn
t]mIp- Xn\p apIfntebvpb-cphm XpSn. FmtZh
X-Ifpw hnhicmbn {]mWt\msSmp shebntev Cd
phm\mcw`np. Hn\pw nc- ambn \ne\nevphm Ign
n- . {]mW kzm\v nc- ambn \n-tm ap
-hpw nc-ambn \nphm Ignp. tX\oI
fpsS cmn kzm\w hnp ]dpt]mIptm ap tX\o
Ifpw ]dp t]mIpIbpw Xncnp hncnptm ap
- hbpw hn- cn- p- Ibpw sNp- - Xp- t]m- se- bp
Ah Cu tZhX- Ipw kw`hnp. CXpIp hmWn,
Npv , t{im{Xw BZnbmb Fm C{nb- pw a\v
apXemb AxIcWpw X- fn Ghpw t{ijvT
{]mW\msWp hnizmkw hp. AXn- \m Ahscmw
{]k-cmbn hnhn[- coXnIfn {]mWs\ kv XpXnphm
XpSn.
kw_w {]mWs\- s ]c- {_ ]c- taizcs kzcq
]sap IcpXn D]mknp-Xn\v AXns km cq]
tmSpIqSnb al- Xzs hnhcn- pp.
5. Gtjm Kv \n kv X]- tXyj kq cy Gj
]t\ym aLhmt\jp hmbpx
Gj ]rYzn-hc-bnthx kZkmarXw N bXv.
hmWn apXemb Fm tZhXIfpw kvXpXn- psImp
]dp Cu {]mWXs An- cq]w [cnp Pzen-p
p. CXpXs kqcy\mIpp. CXpXs taLhpw; CXp
Xs C{\pw hmbphpw; CXpXs tZh\pw ]rYznbpw
cbnbpw (`qX-kapZmbw) BIpp. AXpt]mseXs
kpw Akpw BIpp. Chsb- mnepw t{ijvT-
\mb Aa- c-kzcq] ]c-ammhpw Cu {]mWXs- bm
Ipp.
6. Acm Ch cY-\m`u {]mtW khw {]Xn-jvTnXw!
EtNm bPpwjn kmam\n bx-{Xw {_ N.
F{]Imcw cY-N{Ins IpS-n LSn-n-n-cn-p
ImepI B IpS-s-s B{ibn-n-cn-p-pthm
A{]Imcw Xs EtKzZw, bPpthZw Chbnse Fm a{
fpw kmathZw apgph\pw Ah hgn- bmbn \S- s- Sp
bmZn ip`Ifpw B I \Sp {_m-
W, {Xnb apXemb A[nImcnh- fpw Chsbmw
I K
N P
181
{]mWs B[mc- n Dd- p\npp. Fmntbpw
B{ibw {]mWXs- bmIpp.
kw_w C{]Imcw {]mWs alXzw ]dnv C\n
AXns\ kv XpXnpp
7. {]Pm]Xn-- ckn Kt` Xztah {]Xn-Pmb-tk.
Xp`yw {]mW {]PmkvXznam _enw lcn bx
{]mssWx {]Xn-Xn-jvTkn
tl {]mW, \o Xs {]Pm]Xn (Pohn- IfpsS Cuiz-
c) BIpp. K`n {]thinv amXm]nXm- \p
cq]amb km\cq]n P-sa-SppXpw \o Xs.
Fm PohnIfpw \n\- pXs ImgvNkanpp. \ns
Xr]vXn- pthns `Ww Ign- pp Fp `mhn
pp. \oXs A]m\mZn Fm {]mWn-ItfmSpw IqSn
Fm-hcptSbpw icoc-n nXn-sNbvXp-sIm-n- cn-
pp.
8. tZhm\makn hn-Xax ]nXrWmw {]Y-amkz-[m.
EjoWmw NcnXw kXya-YmMv Knc-kma-kn.
tl {]mW, tZhIpthn lhnv FnpsIm
Sp-p D- a- amb An \o Xs- bmIp-p. ]nXr-
p BZy{imhpw \oXs. AYmwKncp apX
emb aljn- amcm BNcnXamb kXyhpw \oX-s-bm
Ipp.
9. C{kvXzw {]mW tXPkm cpt{Zmkn
]cn- c-nXm
Xza-cnt Nckn kqcykvXzw
tPymXn- jmw-]-Xn.
tl {]mW! \o Fm hn[- nepap tXPtmSpIq
Snb (in) {XntemI kzmanbmb C{- \mIpp. \o Xs
{]f-b-Imen Fmnt\bpw kwl-cn-p cp{Z\pw
Fmnt\bpw bYmtbmKyw kwcnp- h\pw BIpp.
A-co-n hnl- cn-p hmbphpw AXp-t]mse
An, N{, \{X apXemb tPymXnKW- fpsS
kzmanbmb kqcy\pw \oX- s-bmIpp.
10. bZm Xza-`n-hjkytYamx {]mW tX {]Pmx
B\--cq]m-kvXn-jv Tn Imambmw-`hn-jyXo-Xn.
tl {]mW! \o taLcq]ambn ]rYzn-bn Fmbn-
Spw ags]nptm \ns Cu {]PIsfmw ""\psS
Pohn-X-\nl-Wn\p [mcmfw [m\yw Dev]-amIpw''
Fp Bibn B\ \nacmbnocpp.
11. {hmXykvXzw {]mssWIjn-cm
hnizky kXv]Xnx
hb-amZyky ZmXmcx]n-XmXzw amX-cniz \x
tl {]mW! kwkvmcc- lnX\mbncpnpw kt{i
jv S\mb EjnbmIpp. \o kzm`mhnIambn ip Xs.
AXn\m \n\pw kwkv mcwhgnbmbp ipnbpsS
Bhiyta C. {]XypX \o Xs AJn- etbpw ]hn{Xo
Icnp GIam{X\pw kt{ijvT\pamb aljn Fp
Xm- cyw. R (Fm C{n- b- a\v XpS- nb- h)
\n\- mbnsmv \m\m{]Imc- nep t`mPy]Zm
AWw sNphcpw \o Ahsb `pPnp- h\pw
BIpp. \o Xs AJne {_mWv Untbpw D- a
\mb kzman. BImiNmcnbpw ka-jvSn-hmbphkz- cq]\p
amb {]mW, \o R- fpsS ]nXmhmIpp. FpsIms
m \nn\npXs R- sfmw D- hnncnpp.
12. bm tX X\qhmNn {]Xn-jvTnXm bm
t{imt{X bm N Npjn
bm N a\kn kXm inhmw Xmw
Ipcp tamXv{Iaox
tl {]mW! \ns bmsXmcp kzcq]w hmWn, t{im{Xw,
Npv apX- emb ka- kvtX{nbfnepw a\v apXemb
AxIc- W- fpsS hrnIfnepw hym]nncn- ppthm
AXns\ \o awKfab- amnot- Wta. AXmbXv \nn
bmsXmv Rp {imep- fmbn- cn-phm
Bthiw \Intbm AXns\ \o imamn-bmepw. \o
icoc- n \npw Dbp shfn-bn t]mImXn-cn-q.
CXp R-fpsS {]m\- bmIpp.
13. {]mWtkyZw hti khw {XnZnth
bXv {]-Xn-jvTnXw
amtXh ]p{Xm ckz {io {]mw
N hnt[ ln \ CXn.
F{Xtbm hkvXp kz- nepw `qanbnepw kv]jvS
ambn ImWs-Spp. Ahsb-mw-Xs Cu Pohn-I-
[o\- ambncnpp. CsXmw Nnnv C{mZn tZhm Ah
km\w {]mWt\mSp {]mnpp ""tl {]mW, Hcp
amXmhp Xs Ipns\ F{]Imcw kwc- nppthm
AtX-{]Imcw \o Rsf cn-pIbpw Rv
sFiz- cyhpw Imnbpw AXm-bXv {]h-\-inbpw
m\hpw {]Zm\w sNpIbpw sNtW.
C{]Imcw Cu {]Ic-Wn `mh aljn-bpsS
aqp tNmZypw adp]-Sn-bmbn ]n-em-Z-a- ljn
kakv X PohnIpw icoc-pw kzmyw \In
B- c-ambpw _mlyambpw \ne\npXv BImiX- Xz-
amIpp F Imcyw Ahsc {Klnnp. AtXmSpIqSn ico
cmhbhsf ]qoIcn-pXp hmbp, An, Pew,
`qan Fns\ \mep XXz- fmIpp. ]v C{nb- fpw
Ax- I- c- Whpw Cu XXz- v {]Imiw \In
{]h\ k- amp- hbmWv . Chbnsemw t{ijvSb-
ambnpXp {]mW BIpp. AXn\m {]mW Xs
I K
N P
182
hmkvX- hn Cu icocs hln-psImncn- pp.
{]mWs\- qSmsX Cu icocs hlnpXn\p in
asmn\pw Xs-bn-. asm C{nbmZnIfnepw CXns
Xs in A\pkyqXw {]hln-p-sImn-cn- pp.
CXns Xs in e`nnv Ah icocs hln- psIm
n- cn- pp.
XrXo- b- {]iv\w
1. AY ssl\w Iukeymizemb\x ]{] `K
h IpX Gj {]mtWm PmbtX IY- am- bm- Xy-
kvan icoc Bm\w hm {]hn-`Py IYw {]mXn-
jvTtX tIt\mXv{IatX IYw _mlya-`n-[t IY-
a- ym- an-Xn.
Cu a{n Bizemb\ ap\n ]n- emZaljntbmSv
BsI Bdp kwKXn-I tNmZnpp.
1. Ap hn {]mW Bcn\npw D- hnp? 2. AXv
Cu a\pjyicoc- n Fs\ {]thin- pp? 3. X-
ms\ hn`Pn-- sv F{]Imcw icoc-n nXn-sN
pp? 4. Hcp icocs Dt]nnp asmcp icoc-n-
tep t]mIp kabw BZyicoc-n \npw F{]
Imcw ]pd- sSpp? 5. Cu _mly (]m`uXnI) PKns\
F{]Imcw hln- pp? 6. a\v C{nb- , apXembh
Bymn (BcnI) PKns\ F{]Imcw hlnpp?
ChnsS {]mWs hnjb- n, BZyw sImSp adp]Sn-
bn hcm D- c- - fpsS tNmZy- fmWp tNmZnncnp
- Xv. Ah BZys Dc tIp {]k- cmbncpp.
AXn\m tNmtZymcthfbn kptIimZn Bdp aljn
amcpw Hnncpncpp Fp kv ]jvSamIpp.
2. Xkvssa k tlmhmNmXn-{]iv\m ]rkn
{_njvtTmkoXn Xkvatlw {_hoan.
Cu a{n ]n-emZ aljn Biz-emb-\s
tNmZyw ITn\- amsWp ]dbpIbpw Atl- ns _pn
a-tbbpw X-ioetbpw {]iw- kn- pIbpw sNp
p. AtXmSpIqSn ""\o tNmZn coXn Inv AXn\p adp
]Sn Xtc-- bmhiyhpan. Fm \o X _pn- tbm
SpIqSn-b tNmZn- sXp Rm a\-n-empp. \o
{imephpw thZ-fn \njvWmX\pw BIpp. AXn-
\m Rm \ns tNmZyp adp]Sn ]d- bmw.'' F
`mhhpw {]ISn- n- pp.
3. B\ Gj {]mtWm PmbtX bssYjm
]pcptj Omssb-Xkvan-t- X- ZmXXw at\m-Ir-tX- \m
bm-Xykvan icotc.
ChnsS aljn ]nemZ Bizemb- \s cp tNmZy
p {Ia{]Imcw adp]Sn ]dbpp. bmsXmns {]I
cWw \S-psImn-cn-ppthm B kt{ijv S-\mb
{]mW ]c- ammhn \npw D- hnnp- XmIpp. B
]c-{_ ]c-ta-iz-cXs D]mZm\Imc-Whpw Ah
Xs CXns cNbnXmhpw BIpp. AXn\m CXns
nXn B almmhmb ]c- taizc\v A[o\- amIpp. a\p
jys Omb Ah-[o\ambn- cn- p- Xpt]mseX- s- bm
Wn-Xv . CXmIpp BZys {]iv\ns D-cw. C\n
cmas tNmZyns Dcw a\-phgn kw`hn-
p kev ]n\npw {]mW icoc- n {]thin-
pp. acn- p kabw Pohn-IfpsS a\-n AXns
Ia\pkcnp Fsmw kev]-fptm Ah\v
A- s\- X- s- bp icocw e`n- p- p. AXn- \m
{]mWs icoc- ntep {]thi\w a\-ns k
ev ]n\npmIpp.
kw_w C\n Biz-emb- \s aqmas tNmZyn
\p adp]Sn Bcw- `npp.
4. bYm k{am-tUhm[n-Ir-Xm
\nbpMvt GXm {Kmam-t\-Xm{Kmam\-[n
XnjvTtkz-tXyhta-sshj {]mW CXcm
{]mWm ]rYIv ]rY- tKh kn-[-t.
ChnsS aljn DZml- c- WklnXw aqmas {]iv \-
n\p adp]Sn ]dbpp F{]Imcw `qa-WvUens
N{I-hn-am {Kma- pw \Kc-pw P\-]-Z
pw {]tXyIw {]tXyIambn A[n-Imcn-Isf \nb-an-
ppthm AhbpsS A[n-Imc- hoXn-p-sImSpp
pthm AtX- {]- Im- cw- Xs Cu k- t{i- jv T- \mb
{]mW\pw kzw AwKcq]amb A]m\, hym\ apX-
emb ap {]mW\pIsf icoc-ns {]tXyIw {]tXyIw
`mK-fn {]tXyIw {]tXyIw Imcymbn \ntbm
Kn- pp.
kw_w C\n apJy{]mW, A]m\, kam\ Ch
aqnsbpw hmkm\hpw {]hrnIfpw hnhcnpp.
5. ]mbq- ]t]m\w Npx- t{imt{X apJ- \m-
knIm`ymw {]mWx kzbw {]mXn-jvTtX at[y Xp
kam\x. Gj tlyX-pX-aw kaw \bXn Xkvam-
tZXmx k]vXmntjm `hn.
CXp kzbw apJpw \mkmZzmc- nepw IqSn k-
cnv t\{X--fnepw t{im{X--fnepw nXn-sNpIbpw
AXpt]mse KpZnepw D]- nepw A]m\s\ m]n
pIbpw sNpp. AXns tPmenI aeaq{Xsf ico
c-n\npw ]pd- t-bvpXpIbpw cP-v, hocyw,
K`w Chsb shfn- bn- tebvp Xn-hn-SpIbpamWv. ico
c- ns a[y`mKv, \m`nbn, kam\s\ m]npp.
Cu kam\-hmbphn-s\-s {]mWcq]amIp An-
bn lh\w sNbvXpsImv DZc- n hp hogp A
s, AXmbXp kmcmwis icoc-ns Fm AwK
{]XywK- fn bYmtbmKyw ka`mhn FnpsIm
I K
N P
183
Sppp. B Ans kmc- `qXamb ckn \npw
Xs Cu icoc- n Ggp PzmeI AXmbXv Fm hnj
b- - tfbpw {]Iminnp cp t\{X. cp sNhn
I, cp \mkmZzmc- -, Hcp apJw (c-k\) Cu Ggp
Zzmc- D--ambn-cn-pp. B ckn \npw
]pjvSn {]m]nnv Ch Xmm- fpsS {]hrnI ka
ambn sNpp.
kw_w C\n hym\s KXn hnpp
6. lrZn tlyj Bm Ass{ X- X- tZ- I- iXw
\mUo\mw Xmkmw iXw iXta-ssIIkymw Zzmk
]vX- XnZzmk-]v XXnx {]Xn-im-Jm\mUokl-{kmWn
`hymkp hym\--c-Xn.
Cu icoc- n Pohmmhns \nhmk m\- amb
lrZb- n Hcp\qdp {][m\ \mUnIfpw Ahbn Hmtcm
\mUn-Ipw \qdphoXw imJm \mUn-Ifpw Ahbn
Hmtcm \mUn- Ipw \qdphoXw imJm \mUnIfpw Dv .
Cu Hmtcm imJm\mUnpw Fgp]ocmbncw {]XnimJm
\mUnIfpw Dv. C{]Imcw icoc-n BsI Fgp]n-
c- ptImSn \mUnIfp- Xn Fmw Cu hym\- hmbp k-
cn- psIm- n- cnpp.
kw_w C\n DZm\hmbphns m\hpw {]h-
\- fpw ]dbp- tXmSpIqSn Biz- emb- \sd \memas
tNmZyns D-chpw \Is- Spp
7. AssY- I- tbm[z DZzm\x ]ptWy\ ]pWyw
temIw \bXn ]mt]\ ]m]ap-`mPym-tah a\p-jy
temIw.
apIfn ]dn-p Fgp]n-c-ptImSn \mUn-I
fn \npw `n-ambn asmcp \mUn-IqSn-bpv . AXns\
kpjpav \ Fp ]dbpp. AXv lrZb-n\npw ]pd-
sp apIfn akv X-In-te-bvp t]mIpp. AXp
hgnbmbn DZm\- hmbp icoc- ns apI `mKtbvp
k- cn-pp. (C-{]Imcw Aiz-emb\s aqmas
{]iv\ns kam[m\w ]dnv aljn ]n-emZ
AbmfpsS \memas {]iv\-ns Dcw kwt]
ambn- -dbpp.) bmsXmcp- ]pWyio-e\mbn- cn-p
pthm bmsXmcps k-fpsS ^ew A\p`
hnt kab- ambncnppthm Ahs\ Cu DZm\ hmbp
Xs ap {]mWn-ItfmSpw C{n- b--tfmSpw IqSn h-
am\ icoc- n\npw ]pd- sp ]pWytemIn
kzmZn D- XtemIfntebvp sImpt]mIpp. ]m]
I- tfmSpIqSnb a\pjysc iqIc IqIcmZn ]m]tbm
\n- Ifnepw cuc-hmZn-\n-c-I-fnepw sImpt]mIpIbpw
AXpt]mse bmsXmcp ]m]]pWyI- fpsS a{in
X-^ew A\p`hn-p-Xn\p A`n- apJ- ambn-cn-ppthm
Ahs\ a\pjyicoc-n-tebvv sImpt]mIbpw sN
pp.
(Hcp icoc-n\npw ]pd-sv apJy {]mW DZm\
t\bpw Iqn AXphgn ap icoc- ntebvp t]mIptm
Xs AwK`qXamb kam\mZn {]mW-tfbpw C{n-bw,
a\v Chtbbpw Iqn- smpt]mIpp. Chsb-mn-
tbpw kzmanbmb Pohmmhpw AXnt\mSpIqSntmIpp.
Cu Imcyw ChnsS ]dtb-Xpv .)
kw_w C\n cp a{-fn-embn Bizemb\s
Apw Bdpw tNmZy-fpsS Dcw sImSppsImv
Pohmmhp {]mtW- {n- b- - tfm- SpIqSnb Hcp ico- c-
n\npw asmcp icoc-ntep t]mIpXp kw_
amb Imcyw kv ]jv Sampp.
8. BZntXym l ssh _mlyx {]mW DZtXyj tly
\w Nmpjw {]mWa-\p{K-lvWm\x ]rYznhyw bm
tZh Xmsskjm ]pcp,kym]m\- a- hjvS-`ymcm bZm
Imix k kamt\m hmbhym\x.
kqcy Xs Fm- n- tbpw _mly- {]m- W
BIpp Fv ]qambn {KlnWw. Cu apJy{]mW
kqcycq]n DZnv icoc-ns AwK{]Xyw-Ksf
]pjv Sn-s- SppIbpw t\t{X-{n-b- sf A\p{Kln- p
Ibpw sNpp. AXn\v Imgv Nin AYhm {]Imiw
\Ipp. ]rYznbnep tZhX AXmbXv A]m\ hmbp
hns in AXv a\pjycpsS Dn hknp A]m\-
hmbphn\v B{ibw \Ipp. Cu A]m\hmbphns
in KpZpw, Kp]vt\-{n- b- Chsb klmbnpIbpw
ChbpsS _mlyamb kvYqemImcs hln-pIbpw
sNpp. kz-n\pw `qanpw CS-p BImiw
Xs kam\- hmbphns _mlykzcq]amIpp. AXv Cu
icoc- ns _mly- fmb AwK{]XywKp hn{iaw
\In Ahsb ]c-c-n-pIbpw ico-c-n- \pn- ep
kam\-hm-bphn\v AXn k-cn-p-Xn\p kuIcyw
sImSppIbpw sNpp. CXns klmb- m I-
p {ihn- phm Ign-bpp. BImin Ncn- p
sImn-cn-p hmbpXs hym\-hmbphns _mlycq]
amIpp. AXv Cu icoc- ns _mlyambp AwK{]
Xyw- Ksf {]h- \- kamnopIbpw imn
{]Zm\w sNpIbpw sNpp; Dnse hym\-hmbphns\
\mUn- IfnqSn \bn-pIbpw XzKn- {nb-n\v kv]i
\-m\w Dmp- Xn klmbnpIbpw sNpp.
9. tXtPm l hm DZm\-kv X- kvam- Zp]imtXPmx
]p\`h an{n-ssba-\kn kZyamss\x.
kqcy-sbpw An- bp-sSbpw _mly-amb tXPv
DjvWXzw, AXpXs DZm\- hmbphns _mlykz-cq]w.
AXp icoc- ns _mlyambp AwK{]-Xyw-Ksf
XWpnphm A\phZnpn. IqSmsX icoc- ns
B- cntImjv amhns\ nc- s- Spn \npIbpw sNp
p. Hcps icoc- n \npw DZm\-hmbp amdn- -gn-
m Ahs icocw NqSmbncnpn. AXn\m ico
I K
N P
184
c- n\v NqSnmXmbn AXn \nhknp Pohmmhv a\-
n hneo\-ambn C{nb- sf tNpsImv DZm\- hm
bphnt\mSpIqSn ap icoc- ntep amdntmIpp.
kw_w C\n Biz-emb\s \memas tNmZy
nse AXmbXv {]mW Hcp icoc- n \np ]pd-sv
ap icoc- ntem temIntem {]thin-p Imcyw-
hopw kv ]jvSampp.
10. bn--kvtX-ss\j {]mWambmXn {]mWkvtX
Pkm bpx klm\m bYmkev]nXw temIw
\b- Xn.
acn-p kabw Cu Bmhn\v GsXmw kev]
-fpmIppthm AXns a\v An-a-\n-an-jn
GXp `mh\- I Nnn- ncppthm B kev ]tmSpIq
Snb a\-v, C{n-b- sf Iqn-smv apJy {]mW\n
nXn-sNpp. B apJy {]mW DZm\hmbphpambn-
tv XtmsSmv a\pw C{n-b- fpw Hn-p
Pohmmhns\ B Ana kev]a\pkcnv bYmtbmKyw
`n `n temIfntem AYhm tbm\n- Ifntem B\-bn-
pp. AXn\m Xs a\- n \nccw `Khms\ Nnn
psImn-cn-p-Xv AXyw DNn-X-ambn-cn-pw. ap
kev] Hpw hcphm\- \phZn-cpXv . FpsIms
m PohnXw Aev ]hpw A\nXyhpamIpp. A{]Xon
Xambn Cu icoc- ns Ayw Ftm kw`hnpsav
Fs\ Adnbpw? B kabw `K- hXvNn DmImsX ap
kev] BWpmIp-sXn km[mc-Wt]mse
F]n\mepew tbm\n- Ifn AepXn- cntb-
Xmbn hcpp.
kw_w C\n {]mWhn-jbIamb m\-ns
kmwkmcn-Ihpw ]mc- euIn- Ihpamb ^es hnhcnp
p.
11. b Ghw hnZzm {]mWw thZ \ lmky {] Pm
lo-btXartXm `hXn XtZj tmIx
GsXnepw hnZzm C{]Imcw Cu {]mWs clkyw
a\- nempIbpw {]mWs alXzs {Klnv Fm {]Im
c--fnepw AXns\ kpc-n-X-amn \ne\npIbpw
AXns\ Hcn-epw Ahtl-fn-mXn-cn-pIbpw sNp
pthm Ahs km\- ]c- c Hcn- epw \inpt]mIp
n-. FpsImsm Ahs hocyw AtamLhpw
ApXhpw in-k-hpamIpp. Ah AXns
BymnI cl-kys {Kln-np Xs Pohn-Xs
kmIamnopIbpw Hcp Ww- t]mepw `KhXv
NnIfm iq\yammXncnbpw sNpp. Fn A\-
Imet- bv pambn Aa-c- \mbnocpp; AXmbXv P\-
\- a- c- Wcq]amIp {]]- n\npw ap- \mbn- ocp
p.
12. DXv]n-am-bXnw m\w hn`pXzw
ssNh ][m
Aymw ssNh {]mWky hnmbm-ar-X
a-iv\ptX.
hnmbmar-Xaiv\pX CXn.
D]cyp hnthN\- - f- \pkcn-vv bmsXmcp a\pjy
{]mWs D- hs AXmbXv CXv Fn\nv
Fs\ DmIpp F cl- kys {Klnppthm
icoc-n AXns hym]vXn-sb-n-bp m\hpw
{Klnppthm bmsXmcp {]mWs nXnsb AXm
bXv AIpw ]pdpw Fhn-sS-hn- sSsbmw AXp hkn-
pp Fp cl- kys AXns _mlyhpw B-
cn-Ihpw Bb B[n-`uXn-Ihpw Bymn-Ihpamb
Ap clkysf \mbn {Klnppthm Ah Aar
X- kz- cq]\mb ]c-am\-ab ]c-{_ ]c- ta- iz- cs\ {]m]n-
pIbpw B B\- - abs kwtbmKkpJs \nc- cw
A\p`hn- psImn- cn- pIbpw sNpp.
NXp {]iv\w
1. BY ssl\w kucymbWo KmKyx ]{] `K
ht Xkvan ]pcptj Im\n kz]n Im\ykvan
Rv Pm{KXn IXc Gj tZhx kz]v \m]- iyXn
IsskyX- pJw `hXn Ikv anp kth k{
Zn-jvTnXm `ho-Xn.
ChnsS KmKyap\n ]n-emZt\mSv ApImcy
tNmZn- pp. 1. KmV\n{Zmkabw Cu a\pjyicoc- n
A[n-hkn-p ap]d tZhX-Ifn Bscmw Dd-
pp? 2. Bscmw DWn-cn- pp? 3. kz]v \mh-
bn Chcn GXptZhX kz]v\- kw`h IpsImn-
cn- pp? 4. \n{Zmh-bnse kpJm\p`hw Bpm
Ipp? 5. Cu Fm tZhX-Ifpw k`mhtmSpw-IqSn
Fn nXn-sNpp? AXmbXv Bsc B{i-bn- n-cn-
pp? Cs\ KmKyap\n Pohmmhntbpw ]c- amm
hn-tbpw ]q-amb XXz- tNmZnn- cnpp.
2. Xkvssa k tlmhmN bYm KmKy acoNtbm
kymkvXw KXx khm GXkvanw-kvtXtPm
aWvUe GIo`hn. Xmx ]p\x ]p\-cpZbXx {]N
cty hw l ssh Xhw ]tc tZth a\tky
Io-`hXn. tX\ Xtlyj ]pcptjm \ irtWmXn
\ ]iyXn \ Pn{LXn \ ckbtX \ kv]ritX
\m`n- h- ZtX \mZt \m\- - btX \ hnkr- PtX
t\bm-btX kz]n-XoXymN-tX.
Cu a{n ]n- emZaljn KmKys BZy{]iv\-
n\v C{]Imcw adp]Sn ]dp ""KmKym, kqcy AkvX
an- ptm B kabw Fm `mKfn-tebvpw hym]n-
I K
N P
185
pInSncp {]Imi Inc-W F{]Imcw B {]Imi
]pRv Pn ebnv Hmbn- ocppthm XnIpw AtX
coXnbns KmV\n{Zmkabv \ns tNmZy{]Imc-
ap Fm tZhX-Ifpw, Fm C{n-b- -fpw, Ahbnse
kt{ijvTamb h\cq]tZhXbpw AXn hneo\- ambn
X{Zq]ambn-ocpp. AXn-\m B kabw Cu Pohm
mhv {ihn-pn-, ImWpn-, {LmWn-pn-, kzZn-
pn, izknpn, kv ]inpn, kwkmcnpn
, {Kln-pn, Nen-pn-. aeaq{Xhn-k\w \S-
pn, ssaYp\- kpJw A\p`hn-pn. AXmbXv B
kabw ]n-{n- b--fptSbpw {]h-\- kYm
\nencn- pw. Cu kabw Cu ]pcpj am{Xw Ddpp
Fp km[mcW BfpI ]dbpp. kqtcymZb- n Inc
W hopw Fm `mKfntebvpw hym]np- Xp
t]mse Xs Ah DWpIgn-m ]noSv Fm
C{n-b- fpw a\-n\npw ths]v AXmXpIfpsS
I-fn hym]rX- cmbn- ocpp.
kw_w C\n KmKys {]iv \- n\p kwt]ambn
DcwsImSpnv cp a{ hgn Fm C{nb- fpw
ebnp- Xn- \pta a\- ns nXn Fmbnocpp
Fp hnhcnpp.
3. {]mWmb GsshX-kvan]ptc Pm{KXn. Kml-
]tXym l hm Gtjm]mt\m hymt\m\zmlmcy
]Nt\m bZv Kml-]XymXv {]WobtX {]W-b-\m
Zml h\obx {]mW.
B kabw Cu a\pjyicoc- amIp \Kc- n Ap
{]m- Wcq- ]- -fmb An-I DWn-cn- p- p. CXv
KmKys cmas {]iv \- ns kwt]amb D-
c-amWv . ChnsS \n{Zbv p b- cq]w \Ip- Xn\v ]-
{]mW-sf An cq]-n hntijn-n-n-cn-pp.
bn Anbvv {]m[m\yw Iev]nncnpp; AXn
\m ChnsS kwt]ambn {]mWam{Xsb AnbpsS \ma
n ]dbpp. Fm aptmv Cu b- ns cq]
In GXp {]mWhrnsb GXns m\n hn`m
h\w sNWsa--Xns\ kv]jvS-ampp. icoc- n
bmsXmv {]mWs A]m\- hrnbmIppthm, CXpXs
B bns ""Kml- ]Xymn Fp tXmpp.
hym\ Zn- Wmn-bmIp-p. Kml-]Xymn-cq]amb
A]m\- \n\npw {]mW DWcpp. Cu Imc- Wm
apJy{]mWXs Cu bns Iev]\bn Bl-
h\o-bmn-bmIp- Xv. Fp- sImsm bn
Bl-h\obmn Kmly]Xyn\npw Dbn- sm
phcpp. BZys aqmw {]iv \-ns hniZoIc-W
nepw {]mWs A-cq]mlpXn AXn lh\w sN
s- Spp, Cu hypev]nhgnbmbn Bl-h\obmn- Xs
Fp ]dbpp.
4. bZpzmk\nzmkmthXmhmlpXoXn kaw \bXo
kkam\. at\m lhmJ bP-am\x. CjvS^-eta-thm
Zm\x. k G\w bPm\-a-l-c- l {_ Ka-b-Xn,
bmsXmv apJy{]mWs izmtkmzmkcq]n ico
c-n\p shfnbn t]mhpIbpw Dn- tebvp aS-n- hcp
Ipbpw sNppthm AXpXs Cu b- n Blp
Xn- bmbn hogpp. Cu BlpXnI hgn bmsXmcp t]mj
IXXz- icoc- n- tebvp {]thin- npsImn- cn- p
pthm Ah Xs tlma{ZhyamIpp. B tlma{Zhys
icoc- ns Fm `mK-fnepw Bhiym\pkcWw ka-
`mhn Fn- p-Xn\p Npa- Xe kmam\yhmbphn
t-XmWv. AXn-\m AXns\ kam\-hmbp Fp ]d-bp
p. AXpXs Cu cq]In "tlmXm' lh\w \S-
p EXznv BIpp. Ancq]\mbncpnpw Blp
XnI Fnp IrXyw \nlnp- Xn-\m CXns\
"tlmXm' shp hnfnpp. BZyw ]d- b- s a\p Xs
bPam\\pw DZm\hmbpXs B bPam\s A`ojvS- ^-
ehpw BIpp; FpsImsm, F{]Imcw tlmaw
\Sp bPam\s\ AXns A`ojv S^ew Xntem
Ijnv I^ew A\p`hn-p-Xn\p Im\pkr-X-
ambn kzmZn temI- fntebv p sImpt]mIppthm
AtX-{]Imcw Xs Cu DZm\hmbp a\-ns\ Znhkw-
tXmdpw \n{Zmka-bv AXns I^ens t`mK
kzcq]amb {_temIn ]c- ammhns \nhmkm
\-cq]amb lrZb Kpl-bn-tebp Iqn- smp t]mIp
p. AhnsS Cu a\- phgn Pohmmhpw \n{ZmP\nXamb
hn{iakpJw A\p`hnpp; Fsm Pohmmhns
\nhmkm\hpw AXpXs- bmIpp. ChnsS "{_ Ka
bXn' F- XpsImv \n{ZmP\nXamb kpJw {_- {]m]vXn
sImpmIp kpJ- ns bmsXmcwinepw Xpe\w
sNphm Ign- bpsap a\- nem-cpXv. FpsIms
m CXmIs Xma-kkpJ-amWv. Fm ]c-{_- ]c-
ta-iz-cs {]m]vXn-sImpmIp kpJw aqp KpW
pw AXoX- amIpp.
kw_w C\n aqmas {]iv \- ns D- cw.
5. Ass{Xj tZhx kz]vt\ aln-am\-a-\p`hXn. bZv
ZrjvSw ZrjvS-a-\p]iyXn {ipXw {ipX- ta-hma-
\pir-tWmXn. tZiZn-K-ssc {]Xy\p`qXw ]p\x
]p\x {]Xy\p`-hXn ZrjvSw NmZrjvSw N {ipXw
Nm{ipXw Nm\p- `qXw Nm\- \p`qXw N km- k
kw ]iyXn kx ]iyXn.
GXp tZhX kz]v\s hon-psImn-cn-pp
Fp KmKyap\n- bpsS aqmas tNmZyn\v ]n-
emZ C{]Imcw adp]Sn ]dp.
Cu kz]v\mh- bn PohmmhpXs a\pw
kqv ta- {n-b-fpw hgn Xs hn`qXnIsf A\p`hn- p
p. CXn\p ap]v Anp IXpw tIXpw A\p`hn-
Xpsamw Xs kz]v\- n IqsS-qsS ImWpIbpw
tIpIbpw A\p`hn- pIbpw sNpp. Fm
Pm{KZh- bn Ah F{]Imcw GXp coXnbn GXp
ev GXpkw-`hs ImWpItbm tIpItbm
I K
N P
186
A\p`hn-pItbm sNbvXn-ptm AtX-{]Imcw Xs
AXp kz]v \- nepw A\p`hnWw Fp \nb- asamp
an. Fnepw kz]v\- n Pm{KZh- bnse GsXnepw
kw`hns GsXnepw Awiw at-sXnepw kw`h
ns Awihpambn- tv Hcp ]pXnb cq]n A\p
`hs- Spp. AXn\m kz]v \- Imen IXpw ImWm
Xpw ImWpp. tIXpw tImXpw tIpp,
A\p`hnXpw A\p`hnmXpw A\p`hnpp Fp
]db-sSpp. DXpw Cm-Xpamb hkvXp-sfbpw
kz]v\-n Zin-pp. C{]Imcw kz]v\-n hnNn-
{X- coXnbn kw`hsf IqsSqsS A\p`hnpsImn-
cnpIbpw kzbw Xs Fmambnv ImWpIbpw sNp
p. B kabw Pohmmhns\ IqSmsX asmpapmbn
cn- pn- .
6. k bZm tXP-km`n-`qtXm `h-Xyss{Xj tZhx
kz ]v \m ]iy- XyY XssZ- X- kv an icoc
GXpJw `hXn.
KmKyap\n \memas tNmZyw C{]Imcw tNmZn- p
p. ""\n{Zbn kpJns A\p`hw BpmIpp?''
AXn\p ]n- emZ adp]Sn ]dbpp \n{Zmkabv Cu
a\v DZm\-hmbphn- [o\-ambn `hnptm AXmb-Xv.
DZm\hmbp Cu a\- ns\ Pohmmhns hmkm\- amb
lrZb- n Fnv taml- hnhiamptm, B \n{Zm
h-bn Pohmmhv a\p hgn-bmbp kz]v\-kw-
`hsf ImWpn- . B kabw \n{ZmP- \n-Xamb kpJm
\p`hw Pohmmhn\p Xs DmIpp. Cu icoc-n
kpJ-ZpxJ-sf A\p`hn- pXv {]tXyImh-bn
{]IrXn- - ]pcpj PohmmhpXs- bmIpp.
7. k bYm tkmay hbmwkn hmtkmhrw kw
{]Xn-jvTt Ghw l ssh XXv khw ]c B-
\n- kw-{]-Xn- jvT-tX.
KmKyap\n-bpsS Amas tNmZyw ""Cu a\- v,
_pn, C{n- b-, {]mW Fmw Fn nXn-sN
pp? Bsc B{i-bn- n-cn- pp.'' AXn\v C{]Imcw
aljn adp]Sn ]dbpp.
{]nb-s KmKy, BImin ]dp k- cnp
]nKW kmbwImew aSn XfpsS \nhmkm
\p kpJ- ambn tNt- dp-- Xp-t]m-se, ]rYzn-apX
{]mWhsc- bp XXz-f{Xbpw ]c- {_- ]pcptjm- a
\n AJnentbpw Bmhmbnp- Xn B{ibw
tXSpp. FpsImsm Chsb- mntbpw GI
amb B{ibw Atlw Xs-bmIpp.
8. ]rYnho N ]rYn-hoam{Xm Nm]mt]mam{Xm N
tXP tXtPm- am{Xm N hmbp hmbp am{Xm
NmImi mIm-iam{Xm N Np {ZjvShyw N
t{im{Xw N t{imXhyw N LvdmWw N LvdmXhyw
N ck ckbnXhyw N XzIv N kv]ibn-Xhyw
N hmIv N hhyw N lkvXu NmZmXhyw tNm]
-m\-- bn-Xhyw N Nbq hnkbn-Xhyw
N ]mZu N Khyw N a\-- a-hyw N _pn
t_mhyw Nml-mc-mlw Ihyw N Nnw
N tNX-bn-Xhyw N tXP hntZym-Xbn-Xhyw N
{]mW hn[mc-bn-Xhyw N.
qekqva ] alm`qX- , ]n-{n-b-fpw
AhbpsS hnjb- fpw, \mep {]Imc- nep AxIc-
Wfpw AhbpsS hnjb-fpw AXpt]mse ApXc-
ns {]mWhmbp Chsbmw ]c-ammhns\
B{i-bn- n-cn-pp. qeamb ]rYznbpw AXns Imc-
Wamb K-hpw, qePeX- Xzhpw AXns Imc- Wamb
ckam{X- bpw, qetX- P- kv X- Xzhpw AXns Imc-Wamb
cq]- hpw, qe- hmbp XXzhpw AXns Imc-W- amb
kv ]i\hpw, qemImihpw AXns ImcWamb i_vZ
hpw, C{]Imcw X- fpsS ImcWkln- X- amb ]-`qX- -
fpw, t\t{X- {n- bhpw AXphgn- bmbn ImWs- Sp hkvXp
-fpw, t{imt{X-{n-bhpw AXphgn Bkz-Zn--s- Sp
]pfnpw a[pchpw Bb Fm ck-fpw, XzKn-{n-bhpw
AXphgn kv]in- s-Sp Fm ]Zm-fpw, hmKn-
{nbhpw AXphgnbmbn Dcn- s- Sp Fm i_vZhpw,
cpIc-fpw AXphgn ]nSn-s-Sp Fm hkvXp-
fpw, cp]mZfpw AXns {]m]ym\-- fpw. Kp]vtX-
{n-b-fpw ssaYp\kpJ-hpw, KptZ{n-bhpw AXphgn
hnkn--sSp aehpw, a\pw AXphgn a\\w
sNs-Sp Fm hkvXp-fpw, _pnbpw AXphgn
{Klns- Sp Fm km[- \- fpw, Almchpw AXns
hnjbfpw, Nnhpw AXphgn Nn--s-Sp Fm
kwKXnIfpw, {]`mhhpw AXn \np {]`mhnX- amIp
hkv Xpfpw Cs\ ]- hr- n- I- tfmSp IqSnb
{]mW\pw AXphgn-bmb Poh ]Ip hln--sp
sImn-cn- p Fm icoc-fpw Fmw CXns Imc- W
`qX\mb ]c- ta- izs\-s B{ibnn- cnpp.
9. Gj ln {ZjvSm kv{]jvSm t{imXm {LmXm ck
bn Xm am t_mm Im hn m- \mm
]pcpjx k]tc c B\n kw{]Xn-jvT-tX.
ImWp- Xpw kv ]in- p- Xpw {ihn- p- Xpw
LvdmWnpXpw a\\w sNpXpw {Klnp- Xpamb
Fm kqt-{n-b- -fpw, a\v hgn-bmbn kakvX
Ifpw sNp hnm\kz-cq]]pcpj Pohm
mhv BIpp. Cu ]ca Ahn-\minbpw AJn-en-
tbpw Bmhpamb ]c-{_p]pcptjm-a Xs
Fmnepw nXnsNpp. Atls {]m]np- Xn
t\mSpIqSn hmkv X- hnIamb imn e`npp; AXn\m
CXn- sbpw ]c-aamb B{ibw B ]c-taiz-c Xs-bm
Ipp.
10. ]c-ta-hm-cw {]Xn-]ZytX ktbm l sshX-Z
m- b- a- i- co- c- a- tem- lnXw ip{`- a- cw thZ- btX
I K
N P
187
bkv Xp tkmay. k kx ktm `h- Xn.
XtZj tmIx.
bmsXmcp Ombmc-ln-X\pw Nphpw abpw
Bbp Fm h- fn \npw clnX\pw Bb hnip
\pw Ahn-\min-bpamb ]c-ta-iz- cs\ Adn-bppthm;
Ah B ]c- amc ]c-amhns\-s {]m]n- pp.
CXn Aev]w-t]mepw kwi- b-n-\- hImi-an-. tl
tkmay, bmsXmcp C- s\-bmIppthm AXmbXv
Bsc-nepw B ]c-{_ ]c-ta-iz-cs\ {]m]nppthm
Ah k-\pw k-cq- ]\pw Bbn- o- cp- p.
ASp a{w Cu hnjbs kw_n- p-XmIpp.
11. hnm\mm kl tZssh kssx
{]mWm `qXm\n kw{]Xn-jvTn b{X.
XZcw thZbtX bkv Xp tkmay
k kta-hmhn-thti-Xn.
AJn- en-tbpw ]c-a-Imc-W\mb ]c-ta- iz-c- \n
kakvX {]mW\pw ]- a- lm`qXfpw kakvtX{nb--
tfmSpw AxIc-W-tfmSpw IqSnb Pohmmhpw Fmw
B{ibw {]m]n-pp. B ]c- amc-amb Ahn- \min-]c-
ammhns\ bmsXmcp Xncn--dn-bppthm Ah
k\mIpp, AXpt]mse kcq]\mb ]c- ta-iz-
c-\n {]hn- jvS-\mbn-ocpp. C{]Imcw Cu NXp
{]iv\w kam]nncn- pp.
]- a- {]iv \w
1. AY ssl\w ssi_yx kXyImax ]{].
k tbm l ssh XZv`Kh-\ptjyjp {]mb-Wm
tammc-a-`n-[ymbo-X. XIaw hmh k tX\ temIw
Pb- Xo-Xn.
Cu a{n HmwImc-ns D]mk\sb kw_
nv kXyIma tNmZyw sNpp. bmsXmcp a\pjy
BPoh\mw HmwImcs icnbmb coXnbn D]mknp
Ibpw Ah\v B D]mk\hgn GXp temIhpw {]m]np
hm Ign-bpIbpw Ah\v Fp ^ew-In-pIbpw sNp
sa- p-Xn Ah Pnmkphmbncn- pw.
2. Xkvssa k tlmhmN GXssZz kXyIma ]cw
N Nm]cw {_ btZm- mcx. Xkvam- Zzn- Zzm- t\tX
ss\hm-b- X- t\- ss\-I-Xc at\z- Xn.
CXns D-c-ambn aljn ]n-emZ ""Hmw'' F
A- cs AXns ey`qX- amb ]pcptjm- a- t\mSp
IqSn GIoIcnpsImp ]dbpp kXyIma, Cu ""Hmw''
Dsm, AXv Xs ey`qXamb ]c- {_ ]c- taizc\n
\npw `n- amIpn. AXn\m CXpXs ]c- {_hpw
B ]c-{_- n\npw {]IS- amIp hncmSv Uv cq]hpw
BIpp; A]c-{_amIpp. Cu Htc HmwImc-ns
P]w, kvac- Ww, Nn\w ChsImp am{Xw X- fpsS A`o
jv Sknnsb B{Klnp hnm\- k- mcmb a\p
jy Atls {]m]npp. AXmbXv bmsXmcp
]c-ta-iz-cs hncmSv kzcq]s, Cu PKns sFiz-
cya- b- amb GsXnepw AwKs {]m]np- Xn\p C
tbmSpIqSn HmwImc- s, D]mknppthm Ah kzw
`mh\- bv- \pkc-Wambn hncmSv kzcq]amb ]c- ta-iz-cs
GsXnepw AwKs {]m]npIbpw sNpp. bmsXm
cp CXns Acymanbpw Bmhpamb ]q- {_
]pcptjm- as\ {]m]npXn\p \njv ma- `mhtmSp
IqSn D]mk\ \S-ppthm Ah ]c-{_ ]pcptjm
- as\ {]m]npp.
3. k btZyIam-{X- `n-[ymboX k tXss\h kwth
Zn-Zn-X-kvXq-tah PK-Xyma-`n-kw]ZytX, XartNm
a\p-jytemIap-]\- bt k X{X X]km {_-N
tcyW {ibm ktm aln-am\-a-\p`hXn.
HmwImc-s-n Nnn- psImn-cn-p a\pjy
hncmSv ]c-ta-iz-cs `qx, `phx, kzx Cu aqpcq]-
fn\npw `qtemIns sFizcyn Bk- \mbnv
AXns {]m]vXnmbn HmwImcs D]mknpp Fn
acWm\- cw Ah Xs {]m]Wob- amb sFizcym
t{]cn-X-\mbn Xmew `qtemIn hptNcpp.
HmwImc- ns BZyam{X EtKz-Zkz- cq]amIpp. AXn\p
`qtemIhpambn _-apv. AXn-\m AXns Nn
IsImp km[- I\v EtKzZa{ hopw a\pjyi
coc- n {]thinnphm Ignbpp. Ah B ]pXnb
a\pjyP- n X]w, {_-Ncyw, `nk- amb D-
amNmc- W ChtbmSpIqSnb t{ijv Ta\pjy\mbn Ap
XIcamb sFizcysf A\p`hnpp. Ah\p \oNtbm
\n- Ifn AetbXmbn hcpn. Ah ac-Wm\- cw
a\pjy\mbn hopw ip`I A\pjvTnp- Xn
ka- \mbn- ocpIbpw AhnsS \m\m{]Imc-n- ep
kpJ- sf A\p`hn- pIbpw sNpp.
4. AY bZn Zz n am- t{ XW a\kn kw]- ZytX
tkmcnw bPp`n- cpo-btX tkmatemIw. k
tkma-temtI hn`qXn-a-\p`qb ]p\-cmh-tX.
km[I HmwImc- ns cpam{XIsf D]mknpp;
AXmbXv B hncmSv kzcq]\mb ]c- ta- iz- cs AwK`qX-
amb `qx (a-\pjytemIw) `phx (kz-temIw) Ch cn-
tbpw sFiz-cy-n Bkn- tbm-Sp-IqSn AXn-s\-
s eyamn Hmmcs D]mkn-ppshn
Ah at\mab- amb N{- temIs {]m]npp; Ahs\
bPpthZns a{w A- con apI`mKp
N{- temIn Fnpp. B hn\mikzcq]tmSp
IqSnb kz-temIn \m\m {]Imc--fn- ep sFiz
cysf D]t`mKw sNbvXn- v, Xs D]mk\-bpsS ]pWyw
I K
N P
188
bnpXocptm hopw arXyptemIntebv pXs
hptNcpp. ChnsS Ah\p Xs ]qIm\pkr- X-
ambn a\p- jy- i- co- ctam AYhm AXnepw \oN- amb
tbm\ntbm e`npp.
5. bx ]p\-tcXw {Xnamt{X- tWman-tXytXss\hm
tcW ]cw ]pcp-ja-`n-[ymboX k tXPkn kqtcy
k. bYm ]mtZmZc-kvXzNm hn\nap-NyX Ghw
l ssh k ]m]va\m hn\napx k kma-`n-cpo-
btX {_ temIw k GXkvamo-hL-\mXv ]cm
Xv]cw ]pcn-ibw ]pcp-jaotX XtZXu tmIu
`hXx.
Cu a{n "]p\x' i_vZ{]tbmKn \npw Cu
HcpImcyw kqNnnncnpp D]cyp-amb IY\w A\p
kcnv Cu temIntbpw kz- temIntbpw sFiz
cys A`n- ejn- psImv B ]c- {_s eyamn
HmwImcs D]mkn-p km[- Imcn Akm[mcW
km[-Is\ ChnsS hn-n-cn-pp. D]mk\-bpsS
ktm- aamb coXn CXpXsbmIpp Cu `mhw {]I
Sn- n- p-Xn\v Cu a{n "Fn' F ]Zw {]tbm
KnsSpn. FpsImsm CXn bmsXmcp hnI
ev]hpan-. HmwImcw B ]c-{_ns \ma-amIpp;
AXphgn ]c- {_]c- taizc D]mknsSpp Fv Cu
a{n kv ]jvSambp]tZinncnpp. bmsXmcp km[-
I aqpam{X- ItfmSpIqSnb HmwImc-kz- cq]amb A-c-
Zzmcm ]c-{_]-c-ta-iz-cs\ D]mkn- ppthm, Ah
kw ]S-hpambn _whnp t]mIp-Xpt]mseXs
Fm I_fn \npw tamN\w {]m]nv kYm
\nhnImc- \mbnocpp. Ahs\ kmathZns a{w
tXtPmab- a- Zb kqcya- WvUenqSn sImpt]mbn
ktm]cnbmbn {_-temIn Fnpp. AhnsS
Ah PohkapZmb-cq]\pw tNX- \mXXz- m AXyw
t{ijvT-\p-amb-]c-{_-]p- cptjm--as\ {]m]n-pp.
Atlw kw]q PKns\ Xs inbpsS Aev ]mw
iw- sImp hln- psImn- cnpIbpw {]]w apgph
hm]n- n- cn-p- Ibpw A- cym- an- cq-]- n AJn- e-n-
tbpw lrZb- -fn hncmPn-pIbpw sNpp. C\n-
bp cp tmI Cu hnjbs kv]jv Sampp.
6. Xnkvtdm am{Xm avdpXypaXyx {]bpm
At\ym\ykm A\- hn-{]bpmx.
{Inbmkp _mlym`ymc ayamkp
kayIv {]bpmkp \ Iw]tX x!!
Cu ImWpXpw tIpXpw A\p`hnp- Xpamb
HmwImc ]c-{_ ]c- ta-iz-cs PKXv kzcq]amb hncmSv
kzcq]w. Atl- ns hmkv XhnIhpw ]c- amhn-\minbp
amb cq]ta BIpn; CXv ]cnh-\- kz`mhtmSpIq
Snb- XmWv . AXn\m CXn Pohnp- h Aa-c- cmbno
cpn. F{Xam{Xw DXmcmsWntmepw P\\- acW
N{In\npw tamNn- s-bpn. CXns Hcw-Kamb
]rYntemItsbm AYhm A- co- t- bptam As
n aq- temI- fps kakvXPKnt- bpt\m A`n
emjtmSpIqSn bmsXmcp D]mk\ \Sppthm
bmsXmcps eyw Cu PKns B- kzcq]amb
]c-ta- iz- c- \n- tebvvmXncnppthm, adnv bmsXmcpcp
PKns _mlycq]n \m{Xw Bk-\mbn
ocppthm Ah Atls {]]npn. AXpIm
caw IqsSqsS P\n-pIbpw acn-pIbpw sNbvXpsIm
n- cnpp. bmsXmcp Xsc icoc- ns Dnepw
]pdpw a[y`mKpw Atls {]m]n- p- Xn- \p
A`nemjtmSpIqSn Hmmcs P]npIbpw kvacnp
Ibpw Nnn- pIbpw sNppthm B km[- I am{Xw
PvRm\ kzcq]\mb ]c- ta-iz-cs\ ]ns Hcnepw Xs
Ah- bn\npw hyXn- Nen- pn- .
7. EKv`n-tcXw bPq`n-c-cnw
kma-`nbXv XXvI-htbm th-Zbt
Xtamm-tc-ssWhmb-X-t\- \mt\zXn hnZzm
b-NvOma-Pc aar-Xa-`bw ]cw tNXn.
HcwKs- am{Xw eyamn D]mk\ \Sp km[-
Is\ EtKzZnse ad- a\pjytemIn sImp
hmpp. cpam{XIsf D]mknp- hs\ AXmbXv
PKns Ghpw D-X-amb kzossbiz-cysf
eyamn HmwImcs D]mkn-p-hs\ bPqthZ
nse avd- N{-temIntebvp sImpt]mIp
p.bmsXmcp Chbn- semw ]cn]q\pw Fmn
tbpw B-kzcq]hpamb ]c- taizcs HmwImcZzmcm D]m
k\ \S- ppthm, Ahs\ kmathZnse avd-
almPvRm\nIfm \m{Xw Adnbs- Sp {_- temIn
Fnpp. kw]qcl- kys- {Klnnp _pnam
\mb a\pjy _mlyPKn Bk- \mImsX HmwIm
c- ns D]mk\- hgnbmbn kakv X PKntbpw AXv a
kzcq]\mb B ]c-a-im\pw Fm{]Imc--fn- epap
hnImc- fm clnX\pw BIpp. AhnsS hm- Iyan,
ac- Wan, `ban. Ah Aa-c\pw \n`b\pw AXpt]mse
{ijv T\mb ]c- a]pcptjm-a\pw BIpp.
jjv T- {]iv \w
1. AY ssl\w kptIim `mc- ZzmPx ]{]`Khm,
lnc-Wy\m`x Iukteym cmP-]pt{Xm amapt]ssXy
Xw- { ]iv \a]ypX. tjmU- i- I- ew `mc- Zz mP
]pcpjw th. X- alw Iamc-a-{_phw \ml-anaw
thZ bZyl-an-aa thZnjw IYw tX \mhm-yanXn
kaqtem hm Gj ]cn-iqjyXn tbm\rX- a-`n-h-ZXn
Xkvam-mlmay\rXw hIvXpw. kXpjv Wow cY-
amcply {]h-{hmPx Xw Xzm ]rman Izmku]pcpj
CXn.
I K
N P
189
kptIi aljn Xs Aev]PvR- Xbpw kXy`mjW
ns al- Xzhpw {]ISn- npsImv ]Xn\mdp IeItfm
SpIqSnb ]pcpjs\ kw_n tNmZyw tNmZnp. Atlw
]dp"`Kh', Hcn tImkecmPynse cmPIpam
c lnc-Wy\m` Fs ASp hn-cpp. Ah
FtmSp tNmZnp "`c- ZzmP, ]Xn\mdp IeItfmSpw IqSnb
]pcpjs\ \n- dnbmtam?' Rm AbmtfmSp kv ]jv S
ambn ]dp ""ktlmZc, Rm\Xv Adnbpn; Adnbp
ambncpsn Xobmbpw \n\p Rm\Xp ]dp Xcp
ambn- cpp. ]dbmXn-cn-p-Xn\v bmsXmcp Imc-Whpan-
sm? ]dp Xcp-Xn\p CjvSan- mbvasImmWv
{]iv\s Rm \ntj[np If-sXp \n a\-
n hnNmcn- cpXv; FpsImsm Rms\mcnepw
Ifhp ]dbpIbn- . Ifhp ]dbphs hwihn-tZw
kw`hnpp. Ah\v Cu temIntem ]ctemIntem
bmsXmcp am\yXbpw e`n- pn. CXptIv cmPIpamc
\n_vZ\mbn cY- n Ibdn, hXpt]mseXs Xncn-
pt]mbn. Ctm A-bn\npw B ]Xn-\mdp IeI
tfmSp IqSnb ]pcpjX- Xzs Adnbp- Xn\v Rm B{K
ln-pp. Zb-hpsNbvXv, Ah Fhn-sS-bmav , Ahs
kzcq]w FmWv , Fp Imcy ]dpXmepw!''
2. Xkv ssa k tlmhm- N. Cssl- hm- x- i- cotc
tkmay k ]pcptjm bkv an-tXmx tjmUi Iemx
{]`- h-oXn.
]Xn\mdpIeItfmSp IqSnb ]pcpjs\ eyam{Xambn
AhXcnnncnpp. ]nemZ aljn ]dp. "{]nb- s
kptIim, GsXmcp ]c- {_ ]c-ta-iz-c-\n \npw ]Xn-
\mdp Iem kaql kq PKZv cq]amIp Atl-
ns hncmSv icocw D--ambncn- ppthm B ]ca
]pcpj \psS Cu icoc-ns Dn Xs hncmPn
psImn- cn-pp. Atls At\z-jnv A\y{X
t]mtI bmsXmcmhiyhpan. a\pjys lrZb-n
]c- ammhns\ {]m]n- p- Xn- \p Xo{hamb A`n-emjw
Pm{KmIptm Ah AXns\ Xs lrZb- n
Xs Ipappp.
kw_w B ]c- {_ ]pcptjm-as XXzs a\-
n-emp-Xn\v kwt-]ambn krjvSn-{Ias hn-
pp
3. k CumwN- t{ I. Ikv an - - l- ap- Xv { Im
DXv {Imtm `hn- jyman Ikv anhm {]Xn-jv TntX
{]Xn- jv Tn-kym-ao- Xn.
almk- ns BZnbn PKns cN\ \Snb
]c-a-]pcpj ]c-ta-iz-c Nnnp "Rm GsXmcp
{_mWvUs cNn-phm\m{K-ln- ppthm AXn
bmsXmn-mXn-cn-ptm F\nv kzb-ambn AXn
hkn-phm Ign-bm-hn[w AXmbXv Fs k
kv ]jv S- cq- ]- tm- Sp- IqSn hy- am- Im- Xn- cn- p- Ibpw
bmsXmv Dmbncn- ptm Fs k kv ]jv SamIp
Ibpw sN- - hn[w GsXmcp XXzamWv AXn \nt
]nt-Xv.
4. k {]mWa-kvdpPX {]mWmvdmw Jw hmbp
tPymXn-cm]x ]rYn- ho- {nbw at\ma- m-Zzocyw
Xt]ma{mx I temIm temtIjp N \ma N.
]c-{_ ]ctaiz-c BZyambn AJn-ensbpw
{]mWcq]amb km lncWy K`s krjvSnp. A\
cw ip`Isf {]hn-n- p `n BkvXn-
Iy_pn sb {]ISamnbnv {Iaambn icoc- ns D]m
Zm\`qX--fmb BImiw, hmbp, tXP-v, Pew, ]vdpYzn
Fo ]- alm`qX- - fptSbpw krjv Sn \Sn. Cu ]
alm`qX- fpsS {]h\w XsbmWv Cu Zriyam\- amb
kq {_mWv Uw. ]- alm `qXptijw ]c-
ta- iz-c a\- v , _pn, Nnw, Al-mcw Fo \mep
kaql- cq]amb AxIc-Ws cNn-p. ]noSv hnjb-
- fpsS m\- n\pw {]h-\-n\pw-thn Ap
mt\- {nb- - tfbpw XYm Ap It{nb- - tfbpw
krjvSn-p. AXn-\ptijw Pohn-IfpsS icoc- n-Xn-p
thn A-tbpw AXns ]cn]mIw hgnbmbn in
tbbpw krjvSnp. AXn\pw tijw AxIc- Wntbpw
C{n-b- fptSbpw kwb-acq]amb X]ns\ Bhn`hn-
n-p. D]mk\bvpthn `n--fmb a{-tfbpw
Iev]np. AxIc- Wns kwtbmKtmSpIqSn C{n
b- hgn \S- s- Sp Isf \nnp. AhbpsS
hnhn[- - fmb ^ecq]tmSpIqSnb temIsf krjvSn
pIbpw AhbpsS Fmn-tbpw \ma- cq]-tfbpw
cNnpIbpw sNbvXp.C- s\ ]Xn\mdp IeIfm bp-
amb Cu {_mWvUs krjv Snnv PohmmhpklnXw
]c- taizc kzbw CXn {]thinp; AXn\m Atlw
]Xn\mdp IeItfmSpIqSnb ]pcpj Fp hnfn- -s- Sp
p. \psS Cu a\pjyicochpw {_mWvUns
Xs Ghpw sNdnb Hcp amXrIbmWv . AXn\m ]c- ta-
iz-c F{]Imcw Cu {_mWvUn nXn-sNp
pthm AtX {]Imcw Xs Atlw \psS Cu icoc-
nepw nXn- sNpp. Cu icoc- nepw B ]Xn\mdp
IeIfpw \ne\npp. B lrZb- - \mb ]c-atZh]p
cptjm- as\ Adnbp- XpX- s- bmWv B ]Xn\mdp Ie
ItfmSpIqSnb ]pcpjs\ Adnbp- Xv.
kw_w k-ns Bcw- `s hnnv ]c- {_
-ns eys {Kln-n-p. C\n {]f-b-ns
eys hnpp
5. k btYam \Zyx ky- am\mx kap- {Zm- bWmx
kap{Zw {]m]ymkvXw Kn `ntZytX Xmkmw \ma-
cqt] kap{Z CtXyhw t{]mNytX. Ghtahm ky
]cn- {Z- jv Sp- cnamx tjmUi Iemx- ]p- cp- jm- bWmx
]pcpjw {]m]ymkvXw Kn `ntZytX- Nmkmw \ma-
I K
N P
190
cq t] ]p cp j CtXyhw t{ ]mNytX k
GtjmItemartXm `hXn XtZj tmI.
hnhn[ \ma- tfmSpw cq]- tfmSpw IqSn \nc-h[n \Zn
I F{]Imcw X- fpsS DZvKam\- amb kap{Zn`n
apJ- ambn ]mv B kap{Znsen AXn hneo\-am
bn- ocppthm Ahbvp kap{Zn \np {]tXyI
amb \macq] CmXppthm Ah kap{Zw Xs Bbn
ocppthm AtX-{]Imcw Xs kkmnbpw kI
entbpw B- kzcq]hpamb ]c- ammhn\nv D-
hn ]Xn\mdp IeIfpw (Cu ]q {_mWv Uw) {]fb-
Imen XfpsS ]cam[mc- amb ]ca]pcpj\n sNv
AXns hneo\-ambnocpp. ]ns Chbvsm
n\pw {]tXyIamb \ma- cq] tijnpn- . GIam
{X-\mb ]c-a-]p-cpj ]c-ta- iz- cs kzcq]n Ch
XmZmyw {]m]n-pp. AXn-\m Atl-ns \ma-
n, At- l- ns h- \- bn Ch- bp- tSbpw
h\w Ds- Spp. B kabw ]c- ammhn bmsXmcp
Xc-n-epap kev] Ahtijn-pn-. AXn-
\m Atlw Iemc- lnX\pw Aar-Xkzcq]\pw BIpp
Fp ]d- b- s- Spp. Cu XXzsf {Klnp a\pjy\pw
B ]c- ammhns\ {]m]nnv IemclnX\pw Aac\pw Bbn
`hn- pp.
6. Acm Ch cY-\m`u Iem bkv an {]Xn-jvTnXmx
Xw thZyw ]pcpjw thZ bYm am thm arXypx ]cn-
hyYm CXn.
Cu a{n km[mc- amb ]c-taizcs\ Adn-bp
- Xn\p t{]cnnpsImv AXns ^ew P\\- acW cmln
XyamsWp ]dbpp. thZ`Khm a\pjytcmSp ]dp
F{]Imcw cY- ns N{In LSnnncnp Fm
IWmepIfpw B N{Ins a[y-amb IS- ns
Dn {]thinppthm AhbpsS Fmw B[mcw ISw
XsbmWv. IpSs- qSmsX Ahbvpdp \nphm
Ignbpn. AtX{]Imcw Xs apIfn- d {]mWmZn
]Xn\mdp IeIpw bmsXmv B[mc- ambncnppthm
Cu Fm IeIfpw bmsXmns\ B{ibnncnppthm
bmsXmn \np-hnpIbpw bmsXmn hneo\- am
IpIbpw sNppthm, Atlw Xs Adn- b- s- Sphm
tbmKy\mb ]c{_ ]c- taizc. B km[mc- \mb ]c-
ammhns\ a\-n {Kln--Ww. Atls a\-n-
emngn-m \n ac- Ws `b-s-SpIbn-,
]noSv arXyphn\p \nsf P\-\a- cW kwkmc- ns-
Spn ZpxJnnphm km[np- X. \n Fst-
bv pambn Ac- \mbnocpw.
7. XmtlmhmssNXmhtZhml-ta-XXv ]cw {_
thZ. \mXx ]c-a-kvXoXn.
C{Xbpw D]tZinXn\p tijw aljn ]n- emZ ]ca
`mKyhmmcmb kptIimZn Bdp aljnamscbpw kwt_m
[\ sNbvXpsImv ]dp ""Ejnamtc!, Cu ]c- {_
]c-taizcs hnjb- n Rm C{X am{Xta Adnbpp
q. CXn- \p]cnbmbn ap bmsXmpan. Rm \n- tfmSv
Atl-ns hnjb- n Fsmw ]db- Wambn- cp
pthm AsXmw ]dp Ignncnpp.''
kw_w Ahkm\w IrX-X {]ISn-n- psImv
kptIimZn ap\n-KWw aljnsb ]e-hpcp {]Wmaw
sNbvXpsImp ]dbpp
8. tX Xab-kvXzw ln\x ]nXm tbmkvam Ia-
hn-Zymbmx ]cw ]mcw Xmc- b-koXn \ax ]ca Ejn
t`ym \ax ]c-a-Ejn`yx
C{]Imcw ]n- emZm-Nmcy\n\npw {_tm]tZiw
kzoIcn-psImv Bdp aljn-amcpw Atls ]qPn-
psImv ]dp ""`Khmt\, Ap Xs R- fpsS
bYm ]nXmhmIpp; Ap Xs Rsf Cu
kwkmc kmKc-ns Asc Fnn-cn-pp. C-
s\-bp Kpcphn-t\- m D]cn-bmbn thsdmcmv
Fs\ KpcphmIm Ignbpw? Ap ]c-a-Ejnbpw
m\ kzcq]\pamIpp. Asb R \akv Icnp
p. hopw hopw \a-kv-cn-pp. "Ana hmIy
ns ]p\-cmhrn {K-ns kam]v Xnsb kqNn- n
-- Xn- \pthnbmIpp.
imn- ]mTw
Hmw `{Zw It`nx {iWpbma tZhm `{Zw ]tiy
amm`n- cyP{Xmx
n ssc- c- Mv ssK- kv Xp - jv Sp hmw kkv X- \q -
`nhytia tZh-lnXw bZmbpx
kzkv Xn \ Ct{m hr-{ihmx kzkvXn \x ]pjm
hniz- thZmx
kzkvXn \kvXmtym Acn-jvS-t\anx kzkvXn
t\m _rl-kvX]nZ[mXp.
Hmw imnx ! imnx ! imnx !!!
CXns Aw Cu D]\njns Bcw- `n sImSp
n- pv.
Q
I K
N P
191
OmtmtKym]\njv
1
3
Hmw Jw
HmantXyX Zc apZvKoY ap]mknX; Hman
Xn lyqZvKmbXn; Xtkym]hymJym\w
DXvKoYsap ]dbp "Hmw' Fp Acs D]m
kn Ww. ""Hmw'' Fp DZvKoXw sNpp. AXns "B'
A c ns D]hymJym\w Bcw `npp.
D] Gjmw `qXm\mw ]rYnhn ckx ]rYnhym
B t]mck:, A]mtamj[tbm ck,
Huj[o\mw
]pcptjmckx ]pcpjky hm{Ktkm, hmN
E{Kk, ENx kmackx kmav\ DZvKotYm ckx
Cu `qX fpsS ckw ]rYnhnbmIpp. ]rYn hnbpsS
ckw ApIfmIpp. ApIfpsS ckw Huj[nIfmIp
p. Huj[nIfpsS ckw ]pcpj\mhpp. ]pcpjs ckw
hmmIpp. hmns ckw EmIpp. Ens ckw
kmaamIpp. kma ns ckw DZvKoY amhpp.
k Gj ck\mw ckXax ]cax
]cmtym f tam f bZpZv KoY:
GXmtWm DZv KoYw Ans\ bp FmatXmb
Cu HmwImcw At As ck hpw, ]c a hpw,
t{ijvThpw, ]cammshp m\ n\v Alhpam
Ipp.
IXamIXaIv IXaXv IXaXv kma,
IXax IXa DZvKoY CXnhnarw
Ev GXmWv? kmaw GXmWv! DZvKoYw GXmWv Fv
hnain snpv.
hmtKhIv {]mWx ktamantXy XZc
aZvKoY: XZzm GXnYp\w, bZzmv
N {]mWIv N kma N.
"Ev' Fp ]dbpXv hmpXsbmIpp. "kmaw'
FXv {]mW\mIpp. DZvKoYw "Hmw' Fp A cam
Wv. hmpw {]mW\pw Epw kmahpw GXmtWm AXv
"anYp\'amIpp.
XtZXnYp\ tamantXy Xkvantc
kwkrPytX; bZm ssh anYp\u
kamKX B]btXm ssh Xm]
t\ym\yky Imaw.
Ans\bp Cu anYp\w "Hmw' Fp Ac
n tNncnpp. GtmgmtWm anYp\ kwtbm
PnpXv Atm Ah ]ckv]cw ImtampIcmbno
cpp FXv {]kn amWv .
B]bnXm l ssh Imam\mw `hXn
b GXtZhw hnZym\capZvKoY ap
]mkv tX
BcmtWm C{]Imcw Adnv Cu AcamIp
DZv KoYs D]mknpXv Ah Ima\ Isf ssIhcn
m {]m]vX\mIpw.
XZzm GXZ\pmcw; bnIn
nZ\pPm\mtXymantXy hXZml; G
tjm Gh karnZ\pm; ka
bnXm ssh Imam\mw `hXnb GX
tZhw hnZzm\c apZvKoY ap]mkvtX
Ans\ bp Cu HmwImcw A\pmcq]amb
AcamIpp. GXmtWm GsX nepsamns\ A\ph
ZnpXv AXns\ Hmw FpXs ]dbpp. GXmtWm
A\p AXp Xs karnbmIpp. bmsXmcph C{]
Imcadnv Cu Ac amIp DZvKoYs D]mknp
pthm Ah Imafn ka\mbnXocpp.
I K
N P
192
tXt\bw {Xbo hnZymhtX, HmanXym
{im]btXymanXn iwktXym anXypZv KmbtXy
Xsskyhmckym]NnssXy alnav\m ctk\
{]IrXamb Hmw F A cwsImp Cu {XbohnZy
\Spp. Hmw Fv B{imhWw sNpp. Hmw Fp
iwknpp. Hmw Fv DZvKm\w sNpp. AXv Cu A
c ns Xs A]NnXn (]qP)bv mbnpw, alnasImpw
ckw sImpamIpp.
tX t\m Zu IpcptXm bssX tZhw
thZ, b \ thZ, \m\m XphnZym NmhnZym
N; btZh hnZybm ItcmXn {itbm]\njZm,
XtZh hohcw `hXn CXnJtez Xssky
hm ctkym]hymJym\w `hXn
BcmtWm CXns\ C{]Imcw AdnbpXv Ah\pw,
Bcv Adnbpntbm Ah\pw, cpt]cpw Cu Acw
sImv Iw sNpp. Fm hnZybpw, AhnZybpw
`nfmIpp. GXn sbmtWm hnZytbmSpIqSnbpw,
{itbmSpIqSnbpw A[nIw hocyap Xmbnocpp.
Cns\ hn[nXv Cu Ac nsXs D]hymJym\
am Ipp.
cmw Jw
tZhkpcl ssh b{X kwtbXnc
D`tb {]mPm]XymkvX tZhm DZvKoY
amP{lp c t\s\ \m\m`n `hnjyma CXn.
{]Pm]XnbpsS ]p{Xcmb tZhmcpw Akpcmcpw,
Xn GXp hnjb n ]p bpw sNbvXpthm,
AXn tZhm CXp sImp Akpcmsc \app
tXmev]nmw Fp hnNmcnv DZvKoYs Bl cnp!
tX l \mknIyw {]mWarZvKoY
ap]mkmw N{Insc;
Xw lm kpcx ]m]vav \m hnhn[p;
kv Xkv amt
t\m`bw Pn{LXn kpc`n N Zpn N;
]m]va\m tly j hnx
Ah \mkn Ibn ep {]mW\mbn, DZvKoYs D]m
kn p. B {]mWs\ Akpc m ]m]w sImp th[n p.
AXn\m {]mWs\ ({LmWw) sImv kuc `yapXn
t\bpw Zpap Xnt\ bpw, {LmWnpp. Fsm
Cu {]mW ]m]m th[n s p.
AYl hmN apZvKoY ap]mkmw N{Iotc;
Xmwlmkpcx ]m]va\ hnhn[px,
Xkvamtbm `bw hZXn kXyw Nm
\rXw N; ]m]va\m tljmhnm,
AYl N{ipcpZvKoY ap]mkmw N{Iotc;
Xmkpcx ]m]va\m hnhn[p
kvXkvamtt\m `bw ]iyXn Zi\o
bwN, ]m]va\mtlyXZznw.
AYl t{im{X apZvKoY a]mkmw N{Iotc;
Xmkpcx ]m]va\m hnhn[p
Xkvamtt\m `bw irtWmXn
{ihWobw N ]m]vat\m tlyX Zznw.
AYl a\ DZvKoY ap]mkmw N{Iotc;
Xmkpcx ]m]va\m hnhn[px
Xkvamtt\m `bw kev]btX
kev]\obw Nm kev]\obw
N; ]m]va\m tlyXZznw.
A\cw hmmbn DZvKoYs D]mkn v, hmns\
Akpcm ]m]wsImv th[np! Amc Wm hmp
]tbmKnv kXytbpw AkXytbpw temI ]d
bpp! Fsm CXv ]m]m hn bmIpp.
A\cw Npmb DZvKoYs D]mknv Np
ns\ Akpcm ]m]wsImp th[n p. AXn\m
NppsImv ImWm sImmhpXn t\bpw, Im
Wm sImmXnt\bpw temIw ImWpp. Fsm
Npv ]m]m th[n s n cnpp.
A\ cw t{im{Xambn DZvKoYs D]mknp. AXns\
Akpc \m ]m]w sImv th[np. AXn\m t{im{Xw
sImv tIm sImmhpXnt\bpw, tIm
sIm cpXm Xnt\bpw, temIw tIpp. Fsm
t{im{Xw ]m]m th[n sncnpp.
A\ cw a\mbn DZvKoYs D]mkn p. a\ns\
Akpcm ]m]wsImv th[n p. AXn\m a\p
sImp kev]nm sImmhpXnt\bpw kev]n
m sImcpXmXnt\bpw temIw kev]npp.
Fsm a\v ]m]m th[n s ncnpp.
apJy{]mW D]mky\msWv ImWn p Xn \mbn,
AXns hnipXzw t_mysSpphm\mbn, {ipXn Cu
hnNmcW Bcw `n p. AXpsImv Npv apXemb tZh
XIsf {ItaW hnNmcW sNbvXv ]m]m hnIfm
Wv Iv Xnbncn pp.
""AY lhw, Npxt{im{Xw, a\x'' CXymZn apsXmw
ap]p ]dXnt\mSp XpeyamIpp. ChnsS ]dnn
m Xzv, ck\ apXemb tZhXIfpw CXpt]mse Xs
I K
N P
193
bmIpp. CXn\\pIqeambn ""GhapJteXm tZh Xmx
]m]va`nx'' Fp _rl Zmc WyI {ipXn bpapv.
AYlb Ghmbw apJyx {]mWkvX
arKvZoY ap]mkmw N{Intc; Xwlmkpc
EXzm hnZ[zw kpYm ivam\ amJW
arXzmh [zw tkXx
A\cw Cu apJ nep ""{]mW'' GtXm AXmbn
DZvKoYs D]mkn p. Akpc m Ahs\ {]m]nv, B
JWamb Bivas {]m]nv \inp Xpt]mse \inp.
Ghw bYm f iva\amJWarXzm hn[zw kX
Ghw sslh khn[zw ktX b Ghw hnZn
]m]w ImabtX bss \a`n ZmkXnk
Gtjm f iv amJWx
C{]Imc adnbp h\n, Bcv ]m]s Imanppthm
Ah Cs\ BJamb Aivas (inesb) {]m]nv
F{]ImcamtWm \inpXv, A{]Imcw Xs \in
pp! {]mWhn ns\ Bcv lnwkn ppthm Ah\pw
Cns\ \inpw. An s\bp Cu {]mWhnv
""AivamJWamIpp.''
BJWx = Ipgnm _pnapp
ss\ sshtX\ kpc`n, \Zpn hnPm
\mXy]lX]m]vamtlyj t\X b Ziv\mXn
bXv ]n _Xn tXt\ Xcm {]mWm\hXn
GXap GhmtXm hntm {Iam
Xn, hymZZmtXy hmX CXn.
Cu apJy{]mWs\ smv kuc`yap Xns\ Adnbp
n; Zp ap Xn s\bpw temIw Adnbpn . Fs
m Cu apJy{]mW ]m]w \onb h\mIpp! Ah
s\ sImv Fv Bin ppthm, Fv ]m\w sNpp
thm, AXpsImv {LmWw apXemb, ap {]mWsf cn
pp. Ahkm\ Imen Cu apJy{]mWs\, apJy{]m
Whrnbmb A]m\ sf e`nmXpsImpXs
{LmWw apXemb {]mWfpsS kapZmbw icocw hnp
t]mhpp. ac WImen hmbv ]nfpp F XmWv
ASbmfw.
Xw lyvKncm DZvKoYmap]mkmw Nt{I;
GXap Ghmffv Knckw a\yt f v Km
\mw b{Zkx
B apJy{]mW\mbn DZvKoYs Av Kncv D]mkn
p. Cu apJy{]mWs\s Bv Kncksav hnNmcn
pp. FpsImsm AwKfpsS ckamIpp.
AwKv {]mWs\ \nebn ckambncnpXp
sImmWv BvKnc ksav ]db s Sp Xv.
tX\ Xwl _rl kv]XncpZvKoY ap]mkmwNt{I;
GXap Gh _rlkv]Xn a\yt hmKvLn
_rlXo, Xky Gj]Xnx
tX\ Xw lm ff bmky DZvKoYap]mkmw Nt{I;
GXap Gh ff bmkyw a\y
BkymZymbtX.
AXpsImv _rl kv ]Xn B {]mW\mb DZvKoYs
D]mkn p. Cu {]mWs\s _rlkv]Znsbv hnNm
cnpp. _rlXn Fp ]dbpXv hmmIpp. B
hmn\v {]mW ]Xn bmIpp.
tXX\w l _tIm Zmevt`ym hnZmw NImc;
k l ss\aniobm\m apZvKXm _`qh;
k l kvssa`yx Imam\m KmbXn.
AXpsImv B {]mWs\ Z`ys ]p{X\mb _I
Adn p. Ah ss\animc Wynep hcpsS DZvKXm
hmbn `hnp. Ah Ahmbn, Imasf BKm\w
sNbvXp!
BKmXm l ssh Imam\mw `hXn,
b GXtZhw hnZym\capZvKoY
ap]mkvtX; CXy[ymw.
bmsXmcph\mtWm C{]Imcadn v, Cu Acam
Ip DZvKoYs D]mknpXv Ah Ima sf
BKm\w sNph\mbn `hnpp. Bhnjbamb
DZvKoXw D]mk\bmIpp.
aqmw Jw
AYm[n ssZhXw: b Ghmku X]Xn,
XapZvKoYap]mkoX; DZyhm Gj{]
Pm`ym DZvKmbXn; DZywkvXtam `ba
]ln; A]lm ssh `bky
Xatkm `hXn b Ghw thZ
C\n tZhXmhnjb amb DZvKotYm]mk\ spdnv ]d
bpp. BcmtWm B X]npXv Ah Xs DZvKo
Ys D]mkn Ww. Ch DZnph\mbnv, {]PIp
thn DZvKm\w sNpp. DZnv Xant\bpw `bn
t\bpw \innpp. bmsXmcph C{]Imc adnbppthm,
Ah `bntbpw Xantbpw \miI\mbn `hn
pp!
m\t`Zm {]mW\pw, BZnXy\pw thsdthsd F
t]mse ImWs Spp Fnepw Ahv kzcq]t`Zan .
kam\ D Ghmbw Nm ku tNmjvtWmf
bapjvtWmf ku, kzcCXoaam NtX
I K
N P
194
kzc CXn {]Xymkzc CXyapw, XkvamZzm
GX ana aapw tNmZvKoY ap]mkoX.
{]mW\pw, BZnXy\pw KpWw sImv Hcpt]msebmWv .
{]mW DjvW\mIpp. kqcy\pw Djv W\mIpp. kzc
Fv {]mWs\ ]dbpp. kzc Fpw {]Xymkzc
Fp BZnXys\ ]dbpp. AXpsImv {]mW\pw, BZn
Xy\pamb Cu DZv KoYs D]mkn Ww.
AYJep hym\tathmZvKoY ap]mkoX;
bssZz{]mWnXn k{]mtWm; bZ]m\n
Xntkmf ]m\x AYbx {]mWm]m\tbmx
knx khym\x tbmhym\x km hmIv
XkvamZ{]mW\]m\ hmNa`n hymlcXn.
C\n hym\\mbn DZvKoYs D]mkn Ww. {]mW\w
sNpXv GtXm, AXp {]mW\msWp ]dbpp. A]
am\npXv GtXm B hrn hntijw A]m\ \mIpp.
{]mWhrnbptSbpw, A]m\hr n bptSbpw kn
GXmtWm, AXv hym\ BIpp. hym\ GtXm AXp
hmmIpp. AXn\m {]mWnmsXbpw, A]am\nm
sXbpw hmv Dcn pp.
bmhmIv kIv, XkvamZ{]mW\
]m\\rNa`nhymlcXn, bIv,
Xma, XkvamZ{]mW\]m\
kmaKmbXn bm ak DZvKoY
kvXkvamZ {]mW\]m\pZvKmbXn.
hmv GXmtWm AXmWv Ev. AXn\m {]mWhym
]mcw sNmsXbpw, A]m\hym]mcw sNmsX bpw, EIv
Dcnpp. Ev GXmtWm AXp kmaamIpp. AXn
\m {]mWnmsXbpw, A]am\nmsXbpw, kmas
Km\w sNpp. kmaw GtXm AXpXs DZvKoY amIpp.
AXn\m {]mWn msXbpw A]m\nmsXbpw DZv Km\w
sNpp.
AtXm bm\y\ym\n hohn
ImWn bYmt\amtPx
kcWw Zr[\y[\pj Bba\a
{]mW\ ]m\w kvXm\oItcmXn;
GXkytltXm hym\ tathmZvKoY
ap]m kn X.
AXn\m Ansb IS sSppI, Hcp m\p
\nv acntmSpI, Dd p hnp henpI, XpSnb
I, {]mWm]m\ hrnI IqSmsX temIw sNp
p. AXn\m hym\ Xsbmb DZvKoYs D]mkn
Ww.
AY J eq Zv Ko Ym cmWyp]mkotXm
ZvKoY CXn; {]mW GthmXv,
{]mtW\lypnjvTXn, hmox
hmtNmlKnc CXymNtX,
AsY, Atlo Zwkhw nXw.
C\n DZv KoYw Fp DZv KoYmcsf D]mkn
Ww. {]mW Xs DX F AcamIpp. {]mWs\
sImp Fmw Dm\w sNbvXncnpp. hmv Knx F
Ac amIpp. hmpIsf, KocpI Fv ]dbmdpv .
Y F A cs A ambn ImWWw. CsXmw A
n nXnsNpp.
Zyutcthm, Zcow Kox ]rYnhoYw;
BZnXy Gthm, Zzmbpo, cnw;
kmathZ Gthm ZyqthtZmKo,
cytKzZw; ZpKvt kvssa, hmKvtZmlw tbm
hmtNm tZmtlmf ]m\mtZm `hXn b
GXmt\yhw hnZzm \pZnKoYmc Wyp]mkvX
DZvKoY CXn.
tZymhv DXv F AcamIpp. B Imcw Ko F
AcamIpp. ]rYnhn Y F AcamIpp. DXv F
Acw BZnXy\mIpp. hmbp Ko F A c amIpp.
An Y F AchpamIpp. kmathZw DXv F
AcamIpp. bPqthZw Ko F AcamIpp.
EtKzZw Y F A c amIpp. bmsXmcph C{]Imc a
dnv DZvKoY Fp Ac sf D]mknppthm,
Ahmbnp hmv bmsXmmtWm, hmntm tZmlw
B tZmls tZml\w sNpp. am{Xa, Ah hfsc
Aap h\mbpw As B{Klnp h\mbpw
Xocpp.
AYJ ezmiox karn cp]kcWm\oXyp
hmkoX, tb \ kmav\m kvtXmjy kym
Xv kmtam][mthXv.
C\n ImafpsS karn Fns\ DmIpw? AXn
s\n ]dbpp. D]anthsb [ym\nthsb,
Fns\ D]mknWw? GXp {]tXyI kmaw sImv
kvXpXn phm t]mIppthm B kmas D][mh\w
sNWw.
bkyarNn XmarNw, bZmtjbw Xarjow
bmw tZhXma`n tmjy kymXv Xmw
tZhXmap][mthXv .
GXp EnemtWm, B Ent\bpw GXp Ejnsb
kw_nmtWm B Ejntb bpw, GXp tZhXsb kv XpXn
phm t]mIppthm B tZhX tbbpw D][m\w
sNWw.
I K
N P
195
tb\ Okm kvtXmjy kymX X
D][m thXv, tb\kvtXmta\kvtXmjy
amWx kymw kvtXmaap][mthXv
GXp OppsImv kvXpXnphm t]mIppthm B
O ns\ Nnn Ww. GXp kv tXmawsImv kvXpXnp
hm t]mIppthm B kv tXmas Nnnbpw thWw.
bmw Znia`ntmkymw Zniap][mthXv
GXp Znns\ A`nhym]nv kvXpXnphm t]mIp
pthm B Znns\ Nnn Ww.
B\aX D]krXy kvXphoX Imaw
[ymb {]atmf `ytiml bZwkvssa
k Imax kart[yX bImax kvXphoX.
HSphn Xs s Nnnv Imaw [ym\n psImv,
{]amZw hcmsX kvXpXnWw. bmsXmcp In,
bmsXmcp Ima tmSpIqSn kv XpXnppthm, B I
n, B Imaw AXnthKw karn {]m]npw.
\memw Jw
HmantXyX ZcapZvKoYap]mknX; HmanXn
lypZvKmbXn Xtkym] hymJym\w
HmantXyX Fp XpSn {]IrXamb Acs
hopw FSpp ]dncnpp. CXv DXvKoYmcw apX
emb hbpsS D]mk\n, CSp apSw hXpsIm
mWv (""Hm anXymXXv'' CXymZn Hmw Jns BZn
bn hymJym\n npv.)
tZhm ssh artXym_n`yXkv{Xbnw hnZym..
{]mhni; tX Otm`ncmZb; btZ`n
cmZbw kvXkmw OkvXzw.
tZhm, amc Iamb Akpc ]m]s `bs psImv,
{XbohnlnXamb Iw Bcw`np. Ah OpsImv
AXns\ adp. OmZ\w sNpXv bmsXmmtWm AXv,
OpIfpsS Ombncnp AhbmIpp.
Xm\p X{X arXypYm ayapZtI
]cn]tiy tZhw ]]iyZrNnkmav\n
bPqjn; tX\p hntzmzm ENx
kmavt\m bPqjx kzctah {]mhni
B tZhmsc, sshZoI Iw Bcp`nn pw, arXyp DZ
In ays, GXp {]Imcn emtWm ImWpXv,
A{]Imcw Enepw kmanepw bPqnepw ImWpp.
Ah AXdnnv, En\npw, kman \npw, bPq
n\npw hymhrmcmbnv, kzcsap ]dbp A
cn Xs {]thin p.
bZv hm ENam]vt\m tXymantXy hmXn
kzc tXyhw
km ssahw bPqtcj D kztcm btZXc
taXZarX `bw XXv {]hniy tZhm AarXm
A`b A`h
Ftm Ens\ Aymb \w sImp {]m]nptm,
Atm "Hmw' Fp BZcthmSp IqSn Dcn Ww.
Cns\ kmas {]m]nptmgpw bPqns\ {]m]np
tmgpw, Cu Acw GXmtWm, AXv kzcamIpp. CXv
AarX hpw, A`b hpamIpp. CXns\ {]m]nnv, tZhm
AarXmcmbpw, A`bmcmbpw Xop.
kb GX tZhw hnZzm\cw {]Wu
tXyX tZhmcw kzcaarX a`bw {]hniyXn;
XXv {]hniy, bZarXm tZhkvXZartXm `hXn
tZhmsctmse, bmsXmcph Cu Acw AarX
sapw, A`bsapap KpWtmSp IqSn Adnv
kvXpXnppthm, Ah kzchpw AarXhpw A`bhp
amb Cu Ac ns {]thinpp. CXn {]th
in nv tZhm, GXv AarXXz tmSp IqSn b hcmbn `hn
ppthm, AtX AarXXztmSp IqSnbh\mbn o
cp p.
Amw Jw
{]mWmZnXy ZrntbmSp IqSnb DZvKoY ns D]mk\
]dXp A\phZnv {]Whtbpw DZvKoYtbpw
Hmn AXn {]mWfptSbpw civanIfptSbpw t`Z
amIp KpWap ZrntbmSp IqSnbXpw [mcmfw ]p{X
mcpmIpI F ^etmSpIqSnbXpw Bb Ac
ns D]mk\ ]dbpXn\mbn Dc{Kw Bcw`n
pp.
AYJep b DZvKoYx k {]Whx k DZv
KoY CXyku hm BZnXy DZvKoY Gj
{]Wh HmanXn tljkzctXn
GXmtWm DZvKoY sap ]dbpXv AXv {]WhamIp
p. AXmtWm {]Whw Fp ]dbpXv AXv DZvKoY am
Ipp. CXv {]kn amWtm? Cu BZn Xy DZv KoYamIp
p. Ch {]WhamIpp. FpsImsm Ch Hmw
Fpcn psImp Kan pp.
GXap Ghml a`yKmknjw, Xkvama
XztatIm f koXnl IujoXInx ]p{Xap
hmN; civaowkvXzw ]mhbmZv _lpthm
sshtX `hnjyo Xy[n ssZhX
I K
N P
196
Cu BZnXycq]amb DZmKoYw Xas Rm B`nap
JytmsS Km\w sNpp. AXn\m F\nv , \o Hcp
h am{Xw Dmbncpp. \o civanIfm t`ZtmSp IqSn
[ym\npp. \n\v hfsc ]p{Xm DmIpw. CXv AXn
ssZhXamb D]mk\bmWv .
AYm[ymw b Ghmbw apJyx {]mWkvX
apZvKoY ap]mkoX; HmanXntlyj kzctXn
C\n A[ym {]mWZrntbmSpIqSnbp DZvKotYm
]mk\sb ]dbpp. Cu apJn ep {]mW GtXm,
AXmbn Xs DZvKoYs D]mknWw. Cu {]mW
""Hmw'' Fv DcnpsImmWtm t]mIp Xv.
GXap Ghmla`yKmknjw Xkvam
a XztatIm f koXnl IujnXInx
]p{X aphmN; {]mWmw kvXzw `qam\
a`nKmbXmZv _lthm sshta `hnjyoXn.
Cu {]W\mIp DZmKoY s s Rm A`nKm\w
sNbvXp. AXn\m F\nv \o Hcph am{Xsa Dp Fv ,
IpjoXIs ]p{X t\mSp Rm ]dp. F\np hfsc
]p{X m DmIs Fp A`n{]mbtmSp IqSn, \o
_lpXztmSpIqSnb DZv KoYs {]mWfmbn A`n
Km\w sNq.
AYJ ep, b DZvKoYx k {]Wthmbx {]Whx
k DZvKoY CXn tlmXrj Z\msshm]n
ZpcpZvKoX a\p kamlc Xo Xy\p kamlcXoXn
DZv KoYw GtXm AXv {]WhamIpp. {]Whw GtXm
AXv DZvKoYamIpp.tlmXmhns m\p \nv, sXmb
DZv KoYw Xncpn, icnbmmsav XobmWv .
Bdmw Jw
Cbta hnx kma; XtZ XtZXky arNy
[yqUw kma; XkvamZr Ny[ypVw kmaKobtX;
Cb ta h kmn c a kv X Xkma
Cu hrYzn EmIpp. An kmaamIpp. Ans\
bp Cu kmaw, Cu hrYnhn bmIp En, D]cn `mh
n Ccn pXmbn, Km\w sNsSpp. Cu hrYnhn
km F AcamIpp. An AabmIpp. hrYn
hnbpw Anbpw tNXv kmaamIpp.
Aco ahKzmbpx kma; XtZX tZXkym
ar Ny [yqVw kma; Xkvam ZrNy [yqVw
kma Ko
btX; Acotah km hmbpca
kvXXv kma.
A cow EmIpp. hmbp kmaamIpp. An
s\ bp Cu kmaw, Cu En A[ypV amIpp. AXn
\m kmaw En A[ypVambn Km\w sNsSpp.
A cow ""km'' F A camIpp. Acohpw
hmbphpw tNXv kma amIpp.
Zutc hmZnXyx kma; XtZX tZXkym
ar Ny [yqVw kma, Xkvam ZrNy [yqVw
kmaKobtX, Zyutchkm ZntXym f
akvXXv kma.
tZymhv EmIpp. AZnXy kmaamIpp. Ans\
bp Cu kmaw, Cu Ens tasebmbn nXn sNp
p. AXpsImp kmaw En A[yqVambn Km\w sN
sSpp. tZymhp ""km'' F A camIpp. BZn Xy
""Ba'' F A c amIpp. tZymhpw BZnXy\pw IqSnbXv
kma amIpp.
\{XmtWyhIv N{am: kma
XtZ XtZ Xkym ar Ny [yqVw kma
Xkvam ZrNy
[yqVw kma KobtX; \{XmtWyhkmN
{am AakvX kma
A[yqV karnbp, Ibdp
\{X EmIpp. N{ kmaamIpp. An
s\bp Cu kmaw, Cu Ens tasebmbn nXn
sNpp. AXn \m kmaw En A[yqVambn Km\w
sNs Spp. \{X ""km'' F AcamIpp.
\{X fpw N{\pw IqSnbXv kma amIpp.
AYb tZXZm ZnXykyiqw `mx sskh KY
boew ]cx IrjvWw XXv kma; XtZ XtZ
Xkym arNy [yqVw kma; Xkvam ZrNy
[yqVw kmaKobtX; AYbtZ sshXZm
ZnXyky ipw `x sskhkm f Yb oew
]cw IrjvWw XZ akvXXv kma.
AXpt]mse BZnXys ipamb Zzo]vXn EmIpp.
\oeambn Ghpw \mbn ImWp Idpv GtXm AXv
kmaamIpp. Ans\bp kmaw, Cu En AXyp
VamIpp. AXpsImv kmaw En AXypVambn
Km\w sNsSpp. C\n BZnXys ipamb Zo]vXn
GXmtWm AXv ""km'' F AcamIpp. \oeambn
AXnibIc ambp ""Irjv Whw'' GtXm AXv ""Aa''
F i_vZamIpp. ipamb Zo]vXnbpw \oeamb Idppw
tNXv kma amIpp.
AYb Gtjm f cmZntXy lncbx
]pcptjm ZriytX lncWyiva {iplncWy
I K
N P
197
tIi B {]WJmXv k Gh kphx
XkybYm I]ymkw ]pcoItah anWo,
XtkymZnXn \ma, k Gj kt`yx ]m]va`y
DZnXx DtZXn l ssh kt`yx ]m]va
t`ymb Ghw thZ
BZn Xys ayn, lnc b \mb, bmsXmcp ]pcp
js\ ImWpptm, Ah lncWymiva {iphpw, lncWy
tIi\pw, \hm{Kw apX apgph\pw kph \pamIpp.
Ahs AnI, I]nbpsS ]rns Xmsg Aw
t]msebmIpp. Xmac qhv Fns\ tbm, Ans\bmIp
p. Ahs \maw Ds FmIpp. Ans\bp Cu
tZh Fm ]m] fn \npw Dbh\mIpp. bmsXm
cph C{]Imcw Adnbppthm, Ah Fm hn[ ]m]
fn \npw Dbcpp.
XkyIv N kma N tKjvWu XkvamZpZnKoY
kvXkvamtz thmZvKm ssXX kylnKmXm
k Gj tb NmapjvaXv ]cmtmtem
ImkvtXjmw tNt tZhImam\mw tN
Xy[n ssZhXw
Ah\v Epw, kmahpw, appIfmIpp. AXn\m B
tZh DZvKoYsap ]db sSpp. AXpsImpXs
Ds \matmSpIqSnb Cu tZhs KmXmhv Dns\
Km\w sNp h\mIpp. Ans\ bp Ds pt]tcm
SpIqSnb Cu tZh, BZnXy\p taep temI bmsXm
mtWm, Ahpw, tZhImapw Cui\mIpp.
Ggmw Jw
hm tKhIv {]mWx kma; XtZ XtZ Xkym
arNyp [yqVw kma; Xkvam ZrNy [yqVw
kma KobtX,
hmtKhkm; {]mtWmax Xma
C\n A[ym amb kzcq]w ]dbpp. hmv EmIp
p. {]mW kmaamIpp. A s\ bp Cu kmaw Cu
En\p taembn cnpp. AXpsImp kmaw En\v
taembn Km\w sNsSpp. hmv ""km'' F Ac
amIpp. {]mW ""Aa'' Fp i_vZamIpp. hmpw
{]mW\pw IqSn bXv kma amIpp.
Nptch Kmmkma; XtZ XtZ XkyarNy
[ypVw kma; Xkvam Zr Ny [yqVw
kma KobtX;
Nptc hkm ff f akvXXv kma
Npv EmIpp. Bmhv kmaamIpp. An
s\ bp Cu kmaw Ens taembncnpp. AXn\m
kmaw En A[yqVambn Km\w sNs Spp. Npv
"km' F A c amIpp. Bmhv "Aa' F i_vZam
Ipp. Nppw Bmhpw tNXv kma amIpp.
t{im{X tahv a\x kma; XtZ
XtZkymarNy[yqVw kma; XkvamZrNy
[ypVw kmaKobtX; t{im{X tahkm
at\m f akvXXv kma.
t{im{Xw EmIpp. a\v kma amIpp. Ans\
bp kmaw Cu Ens taemIpp. AXpsImv kmaw
En A[yqVamIbn Km\w sN s Spp. t{im{Xw "km'
F AcamIpp. t{im{Xhpw a\pw IqSnbXv kma
am Ipp.
AY btZXZvWx ipw `x sskh
KYboew ]cw IrjvWw XXv kma;
XtZ XtZ Xkym arNy [yqVw kma
Xkv amZrNy
[yqVx kmaKobtX; AYbtZsshX
ZvWx ipw `mx sskhkm f Ybo
ew ]cx IrjvWw XZakvXXv kma.
AXpt]mse An bpsS Cu ipamb Zzo]vXn GtXm
AXv EmIpp. \oeambpw Ghpw IrjvWambpXv
GtXm AXv kmaamIpp. Ans\bp Cu kmaw Cu
En A[yqVambn cn p p. AXp sImp kmaw
En\v taembn cnpp. kmaw En\p taembn Km\w
sNsSpp. C\n AnbpsS Cu ipamb Zo]vXn
GtXm AXv "km' FXmIpp. \oeambpw Ghpw
IrjvWambpXpw GtXm AXv "Aa' F i_vZamIp
p. AXv iphpw Irjv ahpw Bb Zo]vXnI IqSnb kma
am Ipp.
AYb Gtjm f c nWn
]pcptjm ZriytX sskhIv Xma,
XZpIvYw, XZy PqkvXZv {_ Xssky
Xky XtZh cq]w bZapjycq]w,
bmhapjy, tKjvWuXutKjvWu, bmaX
ma.
In\pn GXp ]pcpj\mtWm ImWsSpXv AXv
EmIpp. AXv kma amIpp. AXv DIvY amIpp. AXv
bPqmIpp, AXv {_ amIpp, AXv aqp thZfpw
BIpp. Ahs, B BZnXy ]pcpjs cq]w GtXm,
AXp Xs Cu Nmpjtbpw cq]amIpp. BZn Xy]p
cpjs ] GhbmtWm Ah Chtbpw tKjW
fmIpp. BZnXy]pcpjs \matatXm, AXv Cu Nmp
js \maamIpp.
Nmpjw Bdmas a\p
I K
N P
198
k Gj tb ssNX kvamZhmtmtemIm
kvtXjmw tNt, a\pjyImam\mw tNXn,
XZy Cta hoWmbmw KmbtyXw tX
Kmbn Xkvamt [\k\bx
C s\bp Cu Nmp j\mb ]pcpj, Cu
AymnIamb Bmhn \nv, Cpdap temI
GXmtWm Ahbvpw a\pjyImapw Cui\mIp
p. AXn\m, GXp Kmb I hoWbn Km\w sNp
pthm Ah Chs\ Km\w sNpp. AXn\m Ah,
[\ hm\mIpp.
AYb GXtZhw hnZym kmaKmb
Xyp`u kKmbXn; tkm f apss\h k
Gj tbNm apjvamXv ]cmtm tem
ImkvXmw m f ]vt\mXn tZhImamw.
bmsXmcp C{]Imc a dnpsImv, kmaw Km\w
sNppthm, Ah B BZnXy\n IqSn BZnXy\nep
tZh\mbn onv, Ah\n \nv taep temI
GtXm Ahtbbpw, tZhIma tfbpw {]m]n pp.
AYmt\ ss\h tb ssNX kvamZhtm
temIkvXmw m ff ]vt\mXn a\pjyImamw
XkvamZp sslhw hnZpZvKmXm {_qbmXv.
Iw tX Ima amKmbm\oXn; Gjtlyh
ImamKm\tkytb Ghw hnZzm
kmaKmbXn kmaKmbXn
AXpt]mse Cu Nmpj\n IqSn, Ch\n \npw
Apdap temI FhbmtWm Ahbpw, a\pjyIm
a sf {]m]npp. AXn\m C{]Imca dnbph\mb
DZvKmXmhv tNmZnpp. ""\n\v GXp Imas Rm
BKm\w sNWw?'' Fsm bmsXmcp Cu
{]Imcadnp kmaw Km\w sNppthm Ah Imasf
B Km\w sNpXn \v, Cui\mbn `hn pp.
Fmw Jw
{Xtbm tlmZv KotY Ipiem _`qhpx ineIx
imemhXy, ssInXmbt\m Zmev`yx,
{]hmltWm ssPhencnXn tXmtlmNp
cpZvKKIotY ssh Ipiex kvtam ltmZv
KotY IYmw hZma CXn.
iemhms ]p{X \mb ineI, NnIn Xmb \s ]p{X
\mb `mev `y, Pohes ]p{X\mb {]hml W, Cs\
aqpt] DZv KoYn Ipiemcmbnpmbn cpp.
Ah ]dp \mw DZvKoY n Ipiemscp {]kn
cmWsm? \n A\phZnp ]w, \apv DZvKo
Ys kw_nv Nnn mw.
XtYXn l kap]hnhnipx k l
{]hmltWm ssPhencphmN `mKhm
ht{ihZXmw; {_mWtbmZtXm
hmNw t{imjymanXn
Ans\bmIs Fv ]dv Ah Ccpp. B Poh
e]p{X\mb {]hml W ]dp. `Khm BZyw hZn
mepw. hmZnp {_mWcmb \n fpsS hmp Rm
tImw.
k l ineIx imemhXyssInXm
b\w Zmev`y aphmN l Xzm
_rm\oXn, ]rtXn tlm hmN
B imehms ]p{X ineI NnInXmb\ ]p{X\mb
Zmev`yt\mSv ]dp. ""Av A\phZnp ]w A
tbmSv Rm tNmZnmw.'' CXp tIv atbm ""tNmZnp
sImpI'' Fpcw ]dp.
Imkmavt\m KXncnXn kzcCXntlmhmN
kzckyImKXncnXn, {]mW CXntlmhmN
{]mWkyIm KXncnXn, AanXn tlm hmN
Aky Im KXncnXn B] CXntlmhmN
kman\v B{ibw FmWv? Fv ineI tNmZn
p. Zmev`y kman\p KXn kzcamsWv Dcw ]d
p. kzcn\p KXn FmsWv tNmZnp. {]mW
Fpcw ]dp. {]mW\p KXn FmWv Fp tNmZn
p. Asapcw ]dp. An\p KXn Fm
sWv tNmZn p. AXn\v ApI Fv Dcw ]dp.
A apmIpXv , ApI \nan amWtm?
A]mw Im KXncnXn; AkutemI CXn
tlmhmN AapjytemIkyIm KXncnXn;
\ kzw temIaXn\tb ZnXn tlmhmN;
kzKw hbw temIw kmam`nkwm]bmax,
kzK kwkvXmhw ln kma CXn.
ApIv FmWv KXnsbp tNmZnp. At
temIw Fp ]dp. AttemIn\v FmWp KXn
Fp tNmZn p. Zmev`y AXn\pcw ]dp. kz am
Ip temIw ISnsImp t]mIbn FmWv. AXn
\m \ kmas kz temIn A`nkwm]n
mw. kmaw kz sa \nebn kv XpXn s Sp XmWv .
Xw l ineIx imehXyssInXmb\w
Zmev`y aphmNx A{]XnnXw Ine tX
Zmev`ykma; bkv tXzXln {_qbm aq
mtX hn]nXnjycoXn, aqmtX hn]tX ZnXn.
I K
N P
199
C{]Imcw ]d NnInXmb\]p{X \mb Zmev`yt\mSv
imemhXy\mb ineI ]dp: Atbm Zmev`y, \ns
A`n{]mbn kmaw A{]Xn n Xambn cnpp. Bsc
nepw Hcph Ctm \ns aqmhv hn]Xnpw Fv
]dIbmsWn \ns aqmhv hn]Xnptam?''
lm ltaXZv `KhtXm thZm\nXn; hnnXn
tlmhmN Aapjy temIky ImKXncnXn; \{]
Xnmw temIaXn\tb ZnXntlmhmN
{]Xnmw hbw temIw kmam`nkwm]bmax
{]Xnm kwkvXmhwln kmtaXn
Av A\phZnpIbmsWn CXv Rm ]qPy\mb
At bpsS ASp \nv Adnbphm B{Klnpp
Fv Zmev`y ]dp. AdnpsImpI Fv ineI
Dchpw ]dp. At temIn\p KXn FmWv?
Fp tNmZnp. Cu temIw Fv Dcw ]dp. {]Xn
jv Tbmb Cu temIs ISnsImpt]mIbn. Fpw
Dcw ]dp. \appw kmaw {]Xnjv Tamb temIn
A`nkwm]nmw. Fsm kmaw {]XnjvTbmbn
kv XpXn s Sp XmWtm.
Xwl {]hmltWm ssPhencphmN,
Ah ssZzInetX imemhXy, kma,
bkv tXz Xln {_qbmptX hn]Xnjy
XoXn aqmtX hn]tX ZnXn lml
taXXv `htXm thZm\oXn hnoXn tlmhmN
Aht\mSv Pohe]p{X \mb {]hmlW ]dp.
Atbm imemhXym, \ns A`n{]mb n kmaw A
apXmWtm? Bsc nepw \ns aqmhv hn]Xnpsav
Cu k`n ]dbp ]w \ns aqmhv hn]Xn
ptam? AhnSs A\phmZap ]w Rm CXv am\y
\mb AhnSs ASp \nv Adnbphm B{Kln
pp Fv ineI ]dp. AXn\v AdnpsImI
Fv {]hml W Dcw ]dp.
H]Xmw Jw
AkytemIky Im KXncnXn; BImi CXn
tlmhmN, khmWn lhm Cam\n `qXm\ym
ImimtZh kap]Zyt; BImiw {]
XykvXw bn; BImtimtlymssht`ymPym
bm; BImix ]cmbWw
Cu temIn\v KXn Fsp tNmZnp. BImi
sap ]dp. Cu `qX sfmw BImip\npXs
DmIpp. BImin Akv Xanpp. BImiw Cu
`qXsf Fmn t\bpw Im alcamWv . BImiw
{]XnjvTamIpp. aqp Imenepw, `qX fp sS Dn
nXneb BIminemIpp.
k Gj ]tcmhco bm\pZvKoYx k Gtjm
\x, ]chcotbm lmky `hXn; ]tcm
hcobtkm l temIm PbXn b GX
tahw hnZzm ]tcmhcobmwkapZvKoY
ap]mkv tX
As\ bp Cu DZv KoYw ]c\pw ]tcmhcob\pam
Ipp. Ans\ bp Cu DZv KoYw A\amIpp. Bcv
C{]Imc adnv ]tcmhcob\mb Cu DZvKoYs D]mkn
ppthm Ah\p D tcmcw hnin Xc amb Poh\w
DmIpp. Ah Dtcmcw hnin Xc fmb temI
Pbnpp.
Xw ssl XaXn[\zm iu\I DZc imn
eymtbmtzmhmN bmhXv X G\w
{]Pmbm apZvKoYw thZnjyt, ]tcmhco
tbm ssl`ykvXmhZkvan tmI Poh\w
`hn jyXn.
Ans\ bp Cu DZvKoYs ip\Is ]p{X \mb
AXn [\zmhv DZcimney\v ]dp sImSpnv ]d p.
\ns kXnIfn bmsXmcp Ahkm\w hsc Cu
DZvKoYw Adnbptam, Ah hscpw Ch temIn
D tcmcw hninamb Poh\w e`npXmWv .
XYm apjvan temICXn kb GXtahw
hnZzm\p]mkvtX ]tcmhcob Gh
lmkymkvan
temtI Poh\w `hXn XYm f apjv an temtI
temI CXn temtI temI CXn
AXpt]mse ]ctemIn ]tcmhcob amb temIw
knn pw. imn eyt\mSv iu\I ]dp. Bcv C{]
Imc adnv DZvKoYw D]mknppthm, Ah\p Cu temI
n D tcmcw hnin Xc ambn t bp Poh\w
DmIpp. A{]Imcw ]c temIn temIw knn p
p. temtItemI CXn Fp cp {]mhiyw ]dn cn
pXv DZvKotYm]mk\w kam]v Xambn Fp ImWnp
Xn\mWv .
]mw Jw
aS NoltXjp IpcpjzmSnIym klPmb
tbmjkvXnl Nm{ImbW C`y{Kmta
{]m {ZmWI Dhmk.
IpcptZip kky CSnosImp \inn
stm C`y{Kman N{Is ]p{X\mb DjkvXn F
I K
N P
200
B kv{XoeW apgph hp XnIn nm
`mcytbmSp IqSn, Aw e`nmbvIbm InXnbn
embngnphp.
kwtl`yw Ipevamjm JmZw _n`ntXw
tlmhmN: t\tXm f t\y hnZyt; ba
Ca D]\nlnXm CXn.
Ah IpnXfmb amjsf `npsImncn
p C`yt\mSv `n tNmZn p. DjkvXntbmSv C`y ]d
p. Fs ASp ]m{Xn ennp Cu Ipevamj
(Hcp hI [m\yw) GhbmtWm AhbmsX thsd
C. Rm FmWp sNpI?
GtXjmw tatZlnXn tlmhmN; Xm\kvssa
{]ZsZu; lm\p ]m\anXn; Dnw
sshta ]oXw kymZnXn tlmhmN
C`y ]d XptIv Ch F\np Xcq Fv Djkv Xn
]dp. Ah DjkvXnv sImSpp. A\cw ASpn
cnp Pew Nqn CXm A\p ]m\w Fv C`y ]dp.
Rm IpSnpXv Dnjv Tambncnpatm F Djkv Xn
]dp.
\ kzntZtX ]pnm CXn \hm A
Pohnjyanam\ JmZnXn tlmhmN
Imtama DZI ]m\anXn
Cu Ipev amjfpw Dn fmtWm C`y tNmZnp.
Cu Ipevamj `C mXncpm Rm Pohnbn
Fp shw IpSnpXv Fs CamWv Fpw
Djkv Xn ]dp.
k l JmZnXzm f Xntijm Pmbmbm
BP lmc; km f {KX Gh kp`nm_`qh;
Xm {]XnKrly \nZ[u
Ah `nnv, anap Ipjvajsf `mcyv
sImpsNp sImSpp. Ahp AXn\p ap]mbn
s \ `n e`nncpp. AXn\m Djkv XnsImp
sN Ipjvamjsf hmn, kqnphp.
k l {]mXx kwPnlm\ DhmN: bZv
_Xm kyet`a ln, et`a ln[\
am{Xmw; cmPm f kubtX, kam
kssh cmnssP hrWotXXn.
Djkv Xn cmhnse \n{Z shSn tm ]dp. Fp
sNmw? Aev ]w Aw \app e`nsn, Aev ]w [\w
\apv Inpambncpp. CXm cmPmhv bmKw sNphm
t]mIpp. Ah FmhIbpw e`np EXzn pIfpsS
Imbn Fs hcnpambncpp.
Xw Pmtbm hmNx l! ]X Ca Gh
Ipevamjm CXn; Xm JmZnXzm f apw bw
hnXXta bmb
DjkvXn tbmSv `mcy ]dp: `mth Ans\ bm
sWn Cu Ipevamj Xsbptm. DjkvXn Ah
`nnv hnkv Xmcap B bs {]m]n p.
Xt{XmZvKmXr \mkvXm thkvtXmjyamW\pt]m
hhnthi kl {]kvtXmXmc aphmN
(Ah) bmKev sNp. kvXpXnp e
amb BkvXmhn kvXpXnphm t]mIp DZvKmXm
fmb BfpIfpsS ASp Ccpp. Ah {]kv Xmhn
t\mSp ]dp
{]kvtXm Xm tZhXm {]kvXmha\zm
bm Xmw tNZ hnZzm {]kvtX
jykn aqmtX hn]XnjyXoXn.
{]kv tXmXmth! GXp tZhXbmtWm {]kvXmhn
A\pKXbmbncnp Xv, AXv AdnbmsX \o {]mhnp
hm t]mhpIbmsWn, \ns aqmhv hoWpt]mhpw
Fv ]dncnpp.
Ghta thmZvKmc aphmN DZvKmXw tZhtXm
ZvKoY a\zmbm, XmwtNZ hnZzm\pZvKmky
kn aqmtX hn]XnjyXoXn
Ghtah {]Xnlmc aphmN {]Xn
lm tZhXm {]Xnlmc a\zmbm,
Xmw tNZhnZzm {]Xnlcnjykn aqmtX,
hn]XnjyXoXn tXl kamcXm kvXpjvWo
amkmw N{Intc
DZvKmXmhnt\mSv Cs\ ]dp: DXvKmXmth GXp
tZhXbmtWm DZvKoYn A\pKX bmbncnpXv B
tZhXtb AdnbmsX \o ZvKo\w sNm t]mhpIbmsW
n \ns aqmhv hn]Xnpw Cns\ {]Xnlm
hnt\mSp ]d p. {]Xnlmth GXp tZhXbmtWm {]Xn
lmc n A\pKXbmbncnpXv , B tZhXsb Adn
bmsX, \o {]Xn l cnphm t]mIpIbmsWn, \ns
aqmhv hn]Xnpw. Ah Ifn \npaSnb
hcmbnv Nm{Ib HmW `napJambnv anmsXbncpp.
]Xn s\mmw Jw
AY ssl\w bPam\ DhmN: `Khw
hm Alw hn hnZnjmWn Xn DjkvXnckvan
Nm{ImbW CXntlmhmN.
DjkvXntbmSv bmKw sNp cmPmhv ]dp `Khmt\
Rm Adnbp Xn\m{Klnpp. Rm N{Is ]p{X\mb
I K
N P
201
DjkvXnbmIpp. Fv Nm{ImbW Dcw ]dp.
ktlmhmN: `Khw hm Alta`nx
ksscmzn ssPyx ssjnjw, `K
htXmhm Alahnym f \y\ hr jn.
`Khmw kvtXzhta ksscmzn ssPycnXn
XtY Xn. AYXtlyX Gh kaXnkrm:
kvXphXmw bmhtt`ym[\w
ZZymkvXmha ZZym
CXn. XtY XnlbPam\ DhmN
bPam\ ]dp: Rm Cu Fm EXzn pIfpsS
Imbpw, `Khms\ At\zjn p. `Khms\ Inm
XpsImmWv Rm thsd BfpIsf hcnXv. Fs
Fm EXznIpw C\n `Khm Xs thWw. A{]
Imcw BIs Fv Djkv Xn kXnp. As\bmsW
n Apapt hcnnphsc s, Fm A\p
hZn shcmbnv kvXpXns. Ahv F{X[\w \o
sImSpppthm A{Xbpw F\npw XcWw. Ans\
bmIs Fv bP am\ ]dp.
AY ssl\w {]kvtXmtXm]kkmZ{]kvtXm
XmtZhXmw {]kvXmha\zmbmXmw tNZ
hnZzm {]kvtXmjykn; antX hn]XnjyXn
Xnam `Khm\thmNXv IXam km tZhXm
CXn.
hop {]kv tXmXmhv Djkv Xnsb hn\ b tmSp IqSn
D]Kanp. {]kv tXmXmth GXp tZhXbmtWm {]kv Xmh`
nbn A\pKXbmbncnpXv B tZhXsb AdnbmsX
{]kvXmhnphm t]mhpIbmsWn, \ns aqmhv
hn]Xnpw. Fv FtmSv `Khm ]dphtm? B
tZhX GXmWv ?
{]mW CXn tlmhmN khmWn lhm Cam\n
`qXm\n {]mWtahm`nkwhnin; {]mWa`yp
nltX; sskjm tZhXm {]kvXmh
a\zmbm,
Xmw tNZhnZzm {]kvtXmtjym
aqmtX hy]
XnjyXv XtYmkyatbXn.
{]mW Fp ]dp. Cu `qXsfmw {]mWs\
s A`nkwthin pp. {]mWs\ A`ne`nnv DZv K
anpp. Ans\bp CXv {]kv Xmh`n bn, A\p
KXbmb tZhXsb AdnbmsX \o {]kv Xmhnncps n
A{]Imcw ]db s \ns aqmhv hn]Xnpambncpp.
AY ssl\apZvKtXm ]kkmZ DZvKmX
mtZhtXmXvKoY a\zmbm Xmw tNZhnZzm
\pZv Kmkykn, aqmtX hn]Xnjy XoXn
am `Khm\thm NXv, IXamkm tZhXm
CXn.
DZvKmXmhv DjkvXnsb hn\btmSpIqSn D]Kanp.
DZvKmXmth, GXp tZhXbmtWm DZvKoYn A\pKX
bmbncnpXv B tZhXsb AdnbmsX \o DZvKm\w
sNpIbmsWn \ns aqmhv hn]Xnpw Fv
FtmSv `hm ]dphtm. DZvKoY `n bn A\p
KX bmb B tZhX GXmWv ?
BZnXy CXn tlmhmN: khmWn hm
Cam\n `qXm\ymZnXy apssx kwKmbn;
sskjm tZhtXmXvKoY a\zmbm, Xmw
tNX hnZzm\p ZKmtkym, aqmtX
hy]Xn jyXv
XtYmkya tbXn.
BZnXy Fp ]dp Cu `qXsfmw apIfn
nXn sNp BZn Xys\ Km\w sNpp. DZvKoY`n
bn A\pKXbmb tZhX CXmIpp. B tZhXtb Adn
bmsX \o DZv Km\w sNbvXncpp Fn C{]Imcw ]db
s \ns aqmhv ]Xnpambn cpp.
AY ssl\w {]XnltmhkkmZ: {]Xn
lm tZhXm {]Xnlmc a\zmbm,
Xmw tNZhnZzm {]Xnlcnjykn, aqm
tX hn]XnjyXoXn am `Khm\ thmNXv;
IXam km tZhXm CXn.
A\ cw {]Xnlmhv Djkv Xntb D]kZnp. {]Xn
lmth, GXp tZhXbmtWm {]Xnlmcn A\pK
X bmbncnpXv, B tZhXtb Adn bmsX \o {]Xn lcn
bmsWn \ns aqmhv hn]Xnpw Fv FtmSv
`hm ]dphtm? B tZhX GXmW?
D]kZv ip{iqjnpI, AcnIncnpI.
AanXn tlmhmN; khmWnl hm Cam\n
`qXm\ytah {]Xnlc amWm\n Pohn
sskjm tZhXm {]Xnlmca\zmbm; Xmw tNZ
hnZzm {]Xyl cntjym, aqmtX hy]XnjyXv
XtYmky atbXn, XtYm kyatbXn
A sav ]dp Cu `qX sfmw A s Xs
{]Xnl cn psImv Pohnpp. {]Xnlmc `n bn A\p
KX bmb tZhX AamIpp. B tZhXsb Adn bmsX
\o {]Xnl cn ncpp Fn A{]Imcw ]dbs \ns
aqmhv ]Xn pambncpp.
I K
N P
202
]{mw Jw
AYmXx iuh DZvKoYx X_tIm Zmevt`ym
mthm hm ssat{Xbx kzm[ymb apZz {]mP
C\n CXp apX izm fm Ip]nSn s DZv Km\
amb kmaw ]db sSpp. AXn Zs ]p{X\mb,
_It\m an{XbpsS ]p{X\mb mht\m kzm[ymbw sNp
Xn\mbn DZv{hPnp. {Kma n\p shfn bnep hnP\
ep Pekao]v FnImncpp.
Xkvssa iztizXx {]mZp_`qh; Xat\ymizm\
D]ktatXym Np Aw t\m `Khm\m Kmb
Xzi\mbahm CXn.
B Ejnv shfp \ndap izmhv {]Xyambn.
AXns ASp sNv apizm ]dp. `Khm\mb
Av Rv As B Km\w sImpmn
cq. Rv hnipp.
Xm tlmhmN: Cssl ham {]mXcq]kaobm
tXXn X _tIm Zmevt`ym mthm hm
ssat{Xbx
{]Xn]mebmw NImc
B, izmtfmSv ]dp cmhnse ChnsS, Fs ASp
hcphn. AhnsS Zev`]p{X\mb _It\m an{XbpsS
]p{X\mb mht\m Imn cpp.
tX l bssY thl _lnjv]hamt\\
kvtXmjyamWmx kwc_v[mx kotXymh
amkkr]pkvt\l kap]hniy lnwN{Ipx
F{ ] Imcw I n _ln jv ] h am \ sa
kvtXm{XwsImv kvXpXnphm t]mIph At\ym\yw
tNv hn Npptm C{]Imcw Biy hn
Npn Ccpnv lnw F i_vZw ]pds Sphn p.
Hm3 aZm3 tamw]n_m3 tamw3 tZthhcpWx
{]Pm]Xnx khn\m2 f anlm2 ff lc ]tXm
3f an lm2 ff lcm 2 ff ltcm 3 anXn.
Hmw R `npamdmIs, Hmw R ]m\w
sNpamdmIs; Hmw tZymX\w sNp Xn\m tZh\pw PK
n\p hrn \ev Ip Xn\m hcpW\pw {]PIsf ]me\w
sNpXn \m {]Pm]Xn bpw, ktbpw {]khn p
Xn\m khn Xmhpw, Bb BZnXy Rv Aw
Xcs. Fm An\p ]Xnbmbnpht\ ChnsS
Rp Aw Xcq. As Bl cn Hmw
]Xn aqmw Jw
(`nhnjb amb D]mk\amWm CXphsc ]dXv.
kmans asmcp `mKamb kvtXmZmcsf kw_
nhbpw Hcpanp Xs A\pjvTntXpamb D]m
k\ sfn C\n ]dbpp.)
Abw hmhtemtIm lm DImtcm hmbp
lmCImw, {am AlImcx, Bt
lIm tcm f ncoImcx
""lmD'' F i_vZw Cu temIamIpp. lmC F
i_vZw hmbphmIpp AY F kv tXm`w N{\mIpp.
Cl F i_vZw BmhmIpp. Cu F i_vZw An
bm Ipp.
BZnXy DuImtcm, \nlh GImtcm
hntiztZhm Hu tlmbnImcx, {]Pm]
XnlnwImcx
{]mWx kztcm, f w bm, hmKzncmSv
DuImcw BZnXy\mIpp. GImcw Blzm\w BIpp.
Hmtlmbn F kv tXm`w hniztZhmcmIpp. lnwImcw
{]Pm]XnbmIpp. kzc sa kvtXm`w {]mW\mIpp. b
F kvtXm`w A amIpp. hmIv F kv tXm`w hncmm
Ipp.
A\ncqkv{XtbmZix kvtXm`x kwN
tcmlpw Imcx lpw Imcsa ]Xnaqmas kvtXm`w
CsXp \nhNn s Sphm IgnbmXpw hnIev]n
sSp kzcq]tmSpIqSnbXpw BIpp.
ZpKv t f kvssa hmKvtZmlx, tbm hm tNmtZm
lx, Ahm\mtZm `hXn; b GXmtah
kmav\m ap]\njZw thtZ]\njZw thZ
Bcv C{]Imcw Cu kmafpsS D]\njns\ Adn
bppthm B km[I\v hmv, hmns tZmlw Fp
]dbp tZmls tZml\w sNpp. Ah Aap
h\mbpw A sf AZnph\mbpw `hnpp.
Aymbw cv
Hmw Jw
(Fm kmanepw, Fm kmatbpw kw_n
D]mk\ sfnbmWv C\n ]dbp Xv.)
Hmw kakvX\y Jep kmav\ D]mk\w km[p;
bX Jep km[pXXv kmtaXym NtX; bZ
km[pXZ kmtaXn.
Fm Ahb h tfmSpw IqSnb kmans D]mk\
km[phmIpp. GXmtWm km[phmbn pXv AXns\
kmaw Fv _pn amm ]dbpp.
I K
N P
203
XZpXm]ymlpx kmavss\ap]mKmZnXn, km[p
ss\\ ap]mKmZntXyhX Zmlpx Akmav
ss\\ ap]mKmZnXn Akm[pss\\ ap]m
KmZntXyhX Zmlpx
B hnjb n kmaambnp CXpam{Xa DXv.
Chs\ D]Kanp Fp ]dbpp. AhnsS tim`\ambn
Chs\ D]Kanp Fp ]dbpp. Akmaambn Chs\
D]Kanp Fp ]dbpp. AhnsS Atim`\ ambn #nhs\
D]Kanp Fp Xs ]dbpp.
AtYmXm]ymlpx kmat\m_tXXn, bXv km[p
`hXn, km[p_tX tXyhX Zmlpx Akm[pt\m
_tXXn; bZ km[p`hXy km[p _tXtXyhX
Zmlpx
AXpt]mse C\nbpapv. ktmjw \apv kmaam
bncn pp Fp ]dbmdpv. AhnsS GXmtWm km[p
hmbn kw`hnpXv km[phmbncnpp; ktmjambn
cnpp. Iw \apv Akmaambncnpp Fp ]d
bmdpv. AhnsS km[phmbn kw`hnpXv GtXm AXv
Akm[phmbn cnpp; Iambn cnpp.
kb Ghw hnZzm km[p kmtaXyp]mkv tX f
`ymtimlb tZ\w km[thm [w
B NKt bpcq]N\tabpx
Bcv kmaw km[pshdnv D]mkn ppthm,
Ahs\ icnbmb [ BKanpIbpw, t`mKy
fmbnocpIbpw sNpw. thKn ip`^e A\p
`hnpam dmIpw.
cmw Jw
temtIjvT ]hn[w ktam]koX: {]Ynhn
lnwImtcm f nx {]kvXmthm coapKvZoY
BZnXyx {]Xnlmtcm Zyun[\anXyptjp
temIfmbn Aphn[amb kmaw D]mknWw.
]rYnhn lnw Imc amhpp. An {]kvXmhamIpp.
BImiw DZvKoYamIpp. BZnXy {]XnlmcamIpp.
tZymhv\n[ \ amIpp. DuzKXfmb, temI sfp
ZrntbmSpIqSnb kmtam]mk\w, Cs\bmIpp.
hmkv Xhnephbmbncpmepw, Aimkv {Xobamb
[sf, D]mkn XpsImv ^ean.
AYm ffhrtjvTx ZyulnwImc, BZnXyx
{]kvXmthm f co apZvKotYm, f nx
{]Xnlmcx
]rYn hn\n[\w
C\n apIfn\np Iogv t]mp temIsfp
ZrjvTntbmSpIqSn, Aphn[ n ep kmans D]m
k\ ]dbpp. tZymhv lnwImc amIpp. BZnXy {]kv Xm
hamIpp. A cow DZmKoYamIpp. An {]Xnlmc
amIpp. ]rYn hn\n [ amIpp.
Iev]t lmkv ssatemImDum ff hrm
b GXtZhw hnZzm temtIjvT]
hn[w kmtam]mkvtX
Bcv C{]Imcadnv temIfmbn Cu Ap hn[
nepap kmas D]mkn ppthm Cu D]mkI\v
Xmtg \np taevt]mphbpw apIfn \np Iogvt]mp
hbpw Bb temI t`mKyfmbn knn pp.
aqmw Jw
hru ]hn[w ktam]mkoX: ]ptcmhtXm
lnwImtcm tatLm PmbtX k {]kvXmhx
hjXn
k DZvKotYm, hntZymXtX kvX\ bXn k{]
Xnlmcx DZvKrlvWmXn Xn[\w
hrnbmbn Aphn[nep kmas D]mkn
Ww. Ing Imv lnwImc amIpp. taLw DmIpXv
{]kv XmhamIpp. hjnpXv DZvKoY amIpp. anan
pXpw, CSn shpXpw {]Xn lmcamIpp. ag ASp
Xv \n[ \ amIpp.
hjXnlmkvssa hjbXn lb GX
tZhw
hnZzm hru]hn[w kmtamhmkvtX
Bcv Cs\ Adnv hrnbmbn Aphn[nep
kams D]mknppthm Ah\mbn hjnpp.
Ah hjnnbpw sNpp.
\memw Jw
khmkz]vkp ]hn[w kmtamhmkoX:
taLm
bXv kwhtX klnwImtcm, bZzjXn k{]
kvXmthm, bmx {]mNyx kyt k DZvKotYm,
bmx {]NoNyxk {]Xnlmcx kapt{Zm \n[\w.
Fm ApIfpambn Aphn[nep kmas D]m
knWw. taLw DbcpXv lnwImcamIpp. hjnp
Xv {]kvXmhamIpp. IngtmsmgpIp \ZnI Ghtbm
AXv DZvKoYamIpp. ]Snmtdmv HgpIp \ZnI
Ghtbm Ah {]Xnlmc amIpp. kap{Zw \n[ \ amIp p.
I K
N P
204
\ lm]v kp ss{]Xy]vkpam `hXn b
GXtZhw hnZzm khmkz]v kp ]hn[w
kmam]kvtX
Bcp C{]Imcadnv Fm ApIfpambn, Aphn
[amb kmas D]mknppthm, Ah ApIfn
acn bn. ApIfph\mbn ocpIbpw sNpw.
Amw Jw
EXp jp ]hn[w kmtam]mknXx hktm
lnwImtcm {Kojv ax {]kvXmthm hjm DZvKoYmx
icXv {]Xnlmtcm tlatm\n[\w
EXpfmbn Aphn[ nep kmas D]mkn
Ww. hkw lnwImc amIpp. {Kojvaw {]kv XmhamIpp.
hjw DZvKoY amIpp. icv {]Xnlmc amIpp. tlaw
\n[ \amIpp.
Iev]t lmkvam EXh EXpam `hXnb
GXtZhw hnZzm\rXpjv T ]hn[w ktam
]mkv tX
Bcv C{]Imcadnv EXp fmbn Aphn[ nep
Cu kmas D]mknppthm, B D]mkI\v, EXp
EXphyhI\pcq]ambn, t`mKyfmbnocpp.
Ah EXp fph\mbn ocpIbpw sNpp.
Bdmw Jw
]ipjvT ]hn[w kmtam]mkoX: BPmlnw
Itcm f
hbw {]kvXmthm, Kmh DZvKotYm f izmx {]Xn
lmcx ]pcptjm\n[\w
]ipmbn Aphn[ nep kmas D]mkn
Ww. tImemSpI lnwImcamIpp. IpdnbmSpI
{]kvXmhamIpp. tKm DZvKoYamIpp. Aiz
{]Xnlmc amIpp. ]pcpj \n[\amIpp.
`hn lmky ]ihx ]ipam `hXn b
GX tZhw hnZzm ]ipjp ]hn[w
kmtam]mkvtX
Bcv C{]Imcw Adnv ]ip fmbn Cu Aphn[
n ep kmas D]mkn ppthm Ah\v ]ip
DmIpw. ]ipsfsImp t`mKw,XymKw apXemb ^e
Dh\mbnocpIbpw sNpw.
Ggmw Jw
{]mtWjvT ]hn[w ]tcmhcobx
kmtam]mkoX:
{]mtWm lnw Imtcm, hmIv {]kvXmh,
pcpZvKoYx
t{im{Xw {]Xnlmtcm, at\m\n[\w;
]tcmhcobmw
knhm GXm\n
{]mWfmbn, Aphn[ nep ]tcmhcob mb
kmas D]mkn Ww. {]mW lnwImc amIpp. hmv
{]kvXmhamIpp. Npv DZvKoY amIpp. t{im{Xw {]Xn
lmc amIpp. a\v \n[\amIpp. Ch Dtcmcw
hnin Xc fmIpp.
]tcmhcotbm lmky `hXn ]tcmhcobtkm
l temIm PbXn b GXtZhw hnZzm
{]mtWjvT ]hn[w ]tcmhcobx kmtam
hmkvX CXn ]hn[ky
C{]Imcw Adnv {]mW fmbn Aphn[nep
]tcmhcob mb Cu kmas Bcv D]mknppthm,
Ah\p D tcmcw hnin Xc amb Poh\w DmIpw.
Ah ]tcmhcobpIfmb temIsf Pbnpw. C{]
Imcw Aphn[ nep kmans D]mk\w ]dp
Ignp.
Fmw Jw
AY k]vX hn[ky: hmNn k]vX hn[w
kmtam]mkoXx
bXv Inw N hmtNm lpaXn, klnw Imtcm,
bXv t{]Xn
k {]kvXmthm, btZXn k BZnx
C\n Ggp hn[ nep kmans D]mk\w ]d
bpp: hmmbn Ggphn[n ep kmas D]mkn
Ww. lpw Fp hmns hntijw GtXm AXv lnw
Imc amIpp. {] Fp hntijw GtXm, AXv {]kv Xm
hamIpp. B F tXtXm AXv BZnbmIpp.
bZpZnXn k DZvKotYm, XXv{]XoXn
k{]Xolmtcm,
bZp t]Xn k D]{Zthm, boXnXn[\w.
DXv Fp tXtXm, AXv DZvKoY amIpp. {]Xn F
tXtXm AXv {]Xnlmc amIpp. D] FtXtXm AXv D]
{ZhamIpp. \n F tXtXm AXp \n[ \ amIpp.
ZpKvt f kvssa hmKvtZmlw tbmhmtNmtZmtlm
hm\mtZm `hXnb GXtZhw hnZzm
hmNn k]vX hn[w kmtam]mkvtX.
I K
N P
205
C s\bdnv hmmbn Ggphn[nep Cu
kmas Bcv D]mknppthm, Ah\v hmv GXmtWm,
hmns tZmlw Fp ]dbp Xv, B tZmls tZml\w
sNpp. Aaph\mbpw As `nph
\mbpw Zo]mnbmbpw `hn pw.
H]Xmw Jw
AY JezapamZnXyw k]vX hn[w kmtam]mkoX;
kh Zmka kvt\\kma; amw {]Xnamw {]XoXn
kthW ka, kvtX\kma.
C\n B BZnXy\mbn Ggphn[ nep kmas D]m
kn Ww. BZnXy Fmbv t]mgpw Htc \nebn Ccnp
p. AXpsImv kmaamIpp. Fmhpw ka\mIp
Xn\m kmaamIpp.
Xkv annam\n khmWn `qXm\y\zb m\oXn
hnZymXv; XkybXv ]ptcmZbmXv k lnwImcx
XZky ]ithm f \zmbmkvX kvamt lnw
Iphn; lnw Imc `mPnt\mtlyXky kmav\x
B BZn Xy\n Cu `qX sfmw A\pKX fmbncn
pp Fp a\n emWw. DZb n\p ap]v Chs
cq]w GXmtWm AXv lnwImc amIpp. BZnXy\mIp
kma ns B cq]n, ]ip A\pKXfmbncn
pp. AXn \m ]ip lnw F i_vZw ]pd sSp
hn pp. Cu BZn Xys\p ]dbp kmans lnw
Imcw `Pn p ioeap XmIpp.
AXbXv {]YtamZntX k{]kvXmhx
XZ kya \pjym
A\zmbmkvX kvamt {]kvXpXn Imamx
{]mh`mPnt\m tlyXkykmav \x
AXpt]mse BZyw DZn ptm D Ahs cq]w
GtXm AXv {]mhyamIpp. Ahs B cq]n a\p
jy A\pKXcmbncnpp. AXn\m Ah kvXpXn
B{Klnp hcmbpw {]iwk B{Klnp hcmbpw Ccn
pp. Fsm Ah Cu BZnXy\mIp kma
ns {]kv Xmhw `Pn p hcmIpp.
AYbXv kwKhthembmw k BZnx XZky
hbmwky \zmbm\n Xkvamm\y
cotf \m
cw_Wm\ymZmbm ff m\w ]cn]Xn;
BZn`mPo\n tlyX kykmav \x
civanI Hcpanp IqSp ka bw, Ahs cq]tatXm
AXv BZnbmIpp. Ahs B cq]n ]nI A\p
KX fmbn cn p p. AXn\m Ah BIm in
bmsXmcmew_hpw IqSmsX, (Xsf Dbnsmpw)
k cnpp. Fsm Cu BZnXy\mIp kma
ns BZn `n `PnphbmIpp.
AY bXv kw{]Xn a[ywZnt\ k
DZvKoYkv Xtky
tZhm A\zmbmkvX kvamt kamx
{]mPm]Xym\map ZvKoY `mPnt\mtly
Xky kmav\x
EPqhmb a[ymn Cu BZnXys cq]tatXm,
AXv DZvKoY amIpp. Ahs B cq]n tZhm A\p
KXcmbncnpp. AXn\m tZhm {]Pm]XnbpsS A]
Xyfn hv t{ijvT mcmIpp. FpsImsm
Cu BZn Xy\mIp kmans DZv KoYw `Pnphcm
Ipp.
AY b Zqzw a[yw Zn\mXv {]mK]cmlvWmXv
k {]Xnlmcx XZkyK`m A\zmbm
kv Xkv am
t {]XnlrXm \mh]Zyt, {]Xnlmc
`mPnt\mtlyXky kmav\x
Dpta A]cm n\p ap]v, Chs cq]tatXm
AXv {]Xnlmc amIpp. Cu BZnXycq]amb kmaw B cq]
n K` A\pKX fmbncnpp. AXn\m K`
]ntmw apIfntep ]nSn s h\mbncnp
XpsImv, Iogv t]mp hoWpt]mhpn. Cu BZnXy\m
Ip kmans {]Xnlmc `n `Pnp hbmIpp.
AYb Zqza]cmlvWmXv, {]mKkvXa bmXv, k
D]{Zh kvXZky ff cWy A\zmbm
kv Xkv amt
]pcpjw Zrzm Iw iz{`anXyp]{Zhn;
D]{Zh `mPnt\mtlyXkykmav\x
A] cm n\p ta Akv X a b n\p ap]v
bmsXmcp cq]aptm AXv D]{ZhamIpp. Ahs B
cq]s Ac Wynep Ppp, A\zmb
fmbncnpp. AXn\m Ah ]pcpjs\ Inv A`b
m\sap hnNmcnv ImSns\ D]Kanpp. Fsm
kq cq]amb kmans D]{Zhw `Pnp hbmIpp.
AY bX {]YamkvXantX Xn[\w
XZky]nXtcm f
\zmbkvammn Z[Xn; \n[\
`mPn t\mtlyX
ky kmav\x, Ghw JezapamZnXyw k]vX
hn[w kmtam]mkvtX
AkvX anm XpSptm GXp cq]amtWm D
Xv, AXv \n[ \amIpp. BZn Xycq]amb kmans B
I K
N P
206
cq]n ]nXr A\pKXcmbncnpp. AXn\m
]nXrsf \n[m\w sNpp. Fsm Cu BZnXycq
]amb kmans \n[\`n `PnpXmIpp. C{]
Imcw B, BZnXy\mbn Ggphn[ nep kmaw Bcv D]m
knppthm Ah\v B BZnXy\mbnocpI F ^ew
knnpp.
]mw Jw
Atlmcm{Xw apX emb Imem PKns\ \inn
p XpsImv BZnXy arXyphmIpp. B arXyphns\
IS bp Xn\p kmtam]mk\ Cu Jnepv.
AYJezmkw an X aXn arXyp k]vX
hn[w kmtam]mkoX lnw Imc CXn
{Xycw {]kvXmh CXnXycw XXv kaw.
C\n Bmhn t\mSp Xpeyambn Adn bsnp Xpw,
arXyphns\ AXn{IannpXpw Bb Ggphn[n ep
kmas D]mkn Ww. lnwImcw FpXv aqc
ap `n \maamIpp. {]kvXmhw FpXp aq
cap XmIpp. AXv apnetXnt\mSp XpeyamIpp.
BZncnXn Zzcw, {]XnlmcCXnNXpcc
XX C sslIw, Xaw.
BZn F `n\maw ccapXmIpp. {]Xn
lmcw FXv \mectmSpIqSnbXmWv. {]Xnlmcw
FXn \nv Hccw BZn F ccfn
tN s Spp. AXp kma amIpp.
DZvKoY CXn{Xyc ap]{Zh CXn NXp
ccw; {Xn`nkv{Xn`nx kaw `hXn, A
cahinjytX {Xycw Xaw.
DZvKoY saXv aqcapXmIpp. D]{Zhw FXv
\mecap XmWv . apq c sImv C{X `n
\ma cpw kaambnocpp. Hc cw A[nIw hcp
p. aq c tfmSp IqSnbXmIbm AXv kaamIpp.
\n[\anXn{Xycw XXv katah `hXn
Xm\nlhm GXm\n Zzm hnwKXn ccmWn.
\n[\w FXv aqcapXmIpp. AXv kaw
Xs bmIpp. A s\ bp Cu A c Ccp]n
c mIpp.
GI hnwiXym ff ZnXyam]v t\mt\yI
hnwtimhm CtXm f kmhmZntXym
Zzmhnwti\]camZnXymbXn,
XmIw XZzn timIw.
Ccp]smpsImv BZnXys\ {]m]npp. Cu
BZnXy ChnsS\nn Ccp]smmat XmIpp. Ccp
]nc mat XpsImv BZnXy\ pdapXp {]m]np
p. BZnXy\pd apXv kpJambnpXmIpp. AXv
timIanmXmIpp.
Bkvtvm]n lm ff ZnXyky Pbw ]tcm
lmkym ff ZnXy ky Pbmtbm `hXn;
b GXtZhw hnZzm\mkwanXaXn
arXyp k]vX hn[w ktam]mkvtX ktam
]mkv tX
C{]Imcadnv arXyphns\ IS , Ggphn [nep
Cu kmaw, Bcv D]mknppthm Ah BZnXys
Pbw {]m]npp. Ch\v BZnXys Pbn\nv ]c a
amb Pbw DmIpw.
]Xn s\mmw Jw
at\m lnw Imtcm, hmIv {]kvXmh, p
cpZvKoYx t{im{Xw {]Xnlmcx {]mtWm
\n[\taX ZvKmb{Xw {]mtWjp t{]mXw.
a\v lnwImcamIpp. hmv {]kvXmhamIpp.
Npv DZvKoYamIpp. t{im{Xw {]XnlmcamIpp.
{]mW \n[\amIpp. Cu Kmb{Xw kmaw, hmv apX
emb hbn {]XnjvTn X ambncn pp.
kb GhtaXZv Kmb{Xw {]mtWjpt{]mXw
thZ, {]mWn`hXn khambptcXn
tPymKv PohXnalm {]Pbm]ipZn`h
Xnalm Ioym, alma\mx kyXv
X{Z Xw.
C{]Imcw {]mWfn {]XnjvTnXamb Cu Kmb {X
amb kmaw Bcv Adn bppthm, Ah {]mW fph
\mbnocpw. Fm Bbppw {]m]npw; Dzeamb hn[
n Pohnpw. Ah {]Psbsmpw, ]ipsf
sImpw alm\mbn ocpp. Ion sImv alm
\mbnocpp. alma\ mbncn Ww FXv Kmbt{Xm
]mkIs {hXamIpp.
]{mw Jw
A`naXnklnwItcm, [qtam PmbtX
k{]kvXmthm, PzeXnk DZvKotYm f v
Kmcm`hn k {]Xnlmc, D]
imay XnXn[\w, kwimayXnXn [\w
GX{ZYw Xcau t{]mXw.
I K
N P
207
aY\w sNpI FtXtXm AXv lnwImc amIpp.
[qaw DmIpI F tXtXm, AXp {]kvXmhamIpp. Pzen
pI F tXtXm AXv DZvKoY amIpp. I\epIfmbno
cpIsb tXtXm AXp {]Xnlmc amIpp. D]ian F
tXtXm, AXp \n[ \ amIpp. kwian F tXtXm AXv
\n[\amIpp. Cu cYw Xcw Anbn {]XnjvTnXam
Ipp.
k b GhtaX{ZYw Xcau t{]mXw
thZ, {_hkymtZm `hXn
khambptcXn tPymKv PohXn, alm
{]Pbm ]ip`n `hXn alm Ioym
\ {]Xy AnamNm ta \n jvTothXvXZv{hXw
Anbn {]Xnjv TnXamb Cu cYw Xcs Bcv Adn
bppthm Ah {_ haZph\mbpw A Zm\
\mbpw `hnpp. Fm Bbpnt\bpw {]m]npp. DPz
eambn Pohnpp. {]Psbsmpw, ]ip sfsImpw
alm\mbnocpp. IonsImv alm\mbnocpp.
Anv A`n apJambncpv Hpw `ncpXv. Imdnp
cpXv. CXp {hXamIpp.
]Xn aqmw Jw
D]a{btX klnwImtcm, ]btXk
{]kvXmhx kv{Xobmkl titXk DZvKoYx
{]Xnkv{Xow kltitX k{]Xnlmcx
Imew KXn Xn[\w ]cw KXn
Xn[\taX ZzmatZhyw anYpt\t{]mXw
D]a{npI FtXtXm, AXp {]kvXmhamIpp.
ktmjnnpI F tXtXm AXp {]kv XmhamIpp.
kv {XotbmSpIqSn ibn F tXtXm AXv {]Xnlmc amIp
p. ssaYp\w sImp Imew IgnbptXtXm AXv AXp
\n[\amIpp. Cu hmatZhysa kmaw anYp\n
{]XnjvTnX amIpp.
kb GhtaX ZzmatZhyw anYpt\t{]mXw
thZ anYp\o `hXn anYp\mnYp\m
{]PmbtX khambp tcXn tPymKv Poh
Xn, alm {]Pb ]ip`n `hXn,
alm Ioym, \IwN\ ]cnltcXv.
C{]Imcw anYp\ n {]XnjvTn X amb Cu hmatZhy
amb kmas Bcv Adnbppthm, Ah anYp\aph
\mbn ocpp. Ah Hmtcm anYp\ n\npw km
\ cq]n P\npp. Ah apgph Bbppw {]m]n
pp. Dzeambn Pohn pp. {]Psbsmpw ]ip
sfsmpw alm\mbnocpp, IonsImp alm
\mbnocpp. Xs InS bn hcp Hcphtfbpw Dt]
n cpXv AXp {hX amIpp.
]Xn memw Jw
DZy lnwImc DZnXx {]kvXmthm, a[ywZn\
DZv KotYm f ]cmlvWx {]Xnlmtcm f kvXw
bn[\w GXZv _rlZmZntXy t{]mXw.
DZnphcp BZn Xy lnwImcamIpp. DZnXns
tijap BZnXy {]kv Xmh\amIpp. a[ywZn\w DZvKo
Y amIpp. A]cmlv Ww {]Xnlmc amIpp. Akv Xa\ n
tep Kanp BZnXy \n[\amIpp. Cu _rl
s kmaw BZnXy\n {]Xn jv TnX ambncn pp.
kb GhtaXZv _rlZmZntXy
t{]mXw thZ tXPkzymtZm `hXn
khambptcXn tPymKv PohXn, alm
{]Pbm ]ip`n `hXn alm Ioym,
X]w \\ntXv XZv{hXw
C{]Imcw BZnXy\n {]XnjvTnXamb Cu _rl
s kmas, Bcv Adnbppthm Ah tXP p
h\mbpw, As AZn ph\mbpw Xocpp. Ah
apgph Bbpnt\bpw {]m]npp. DPzeambn Pohn
pp. Ah {]Psbsmpw, ]ipsf smpw
alm\mbnocpp, IonsImv alm\mbnocpp.
X]np BZn Xys\ \nn cpXv. AXv {hXamIpp.
]Xn \mw Jw
A{`mWn kwht klnwImtcm, ta
LmPmbt k{]kvXmthm, hjXn k
DZvKotYm, hntZymXtX kvX\ bXn k
{]Xnlmc, DZvKrlvWmXn Xn[\w
GXZv ssh cq]w hPt\y t{]mXw.
A{` Db cpp. AXv lnw ImcamIpp. taLw
DmIpp. AXp {]kvXmhamIpp. hjn pp. AXv
DZv KoYamIpp. an anpIbpw CSn shpIbpw sNp
p. AXp {]XnlmcamIpp. ag s]pp. AXp \n[ \am
Ipp. Cu sshcp]sa kmaw ]P\yn {]Xn jvTn
XamIpp.
kb GhtaX ssZzcq]w ]Pt\yt{]mXw
thZ hncq]mw kpc]mw ]iq\hcp
t; khambptcXn; tPymKv PohXn;
alm {]Pbm ]ip`n`hXn; alm
Ioym; hjw \ntXv\Zv{hXw.
I K
N P
208
]\yn {]XnjvTnXamb Cu sshcq]amb
kmas Bcv Adnbppthm Ah\v kzcq]fmbpw,
hncq]fmbpw D ]ipsf e`npp. Ah apgp
h Bbpnt\bpw {]m]n pp. Dzeambn Pohnp
p. Ah {]P sbsmpw, ]ip sfsmpw alm
\m bn ocpp. IonsImp alm \mbn ocpp.
hjn p taLs \nncpXv. AXp {hXamIpp.
]Xn \mdmw Jw
hktm lnwImtcm, {Kojvax {]kvXmthm,
hj DZvKoYx icXv {]Xnlmtcm,
tlatm\n[\taX ssZzcmParXpjpt{]mXw
hkw lnwImc amIpp. {Kojvaw {]kvXmhamIpp.
hj EXp DZvKoYamIpp. icv {]XnlmcamIpp.
tlaw \n[\amIpp. Cu sshcmPamb kmaw EXp
fn {]Xn jvTn Xambn cnpp.
k b Gh taX ssZzcmParXpjpt{]mXw
thZ hncPXn {]Pbm ]ip`n {_
htk\ khambptcXn tPymKv
PohXnalm {]Pbm ]ip`n `hXn
alm Ioyp \n\ntXv XXv{hXw
Cns\ EXp fn {]Xnjv TnXamb Cu sshcmPamb
kmas Bcv Adnbppthm Ah {]PsbsImpw
]ipsfsmpw {_hkw sImpw tim`npp.
apgph Bbpnt\ e`npp. Dzeambn Pohnpp.
{]Psb smpw ]ipsfsmpw alm\mbnocpp.
EXpsf \nn cpXv. AXv {hX amIpp.
]Xn t\gmw Jw
]rYnho lnwImtcm f cow {]kvXmthm,
ZyuX ZvKotYm Znix {]Xn lmcx, k
apt{Zm \n[\tatXx iIztmtem
tIjp t{]mXmx
]rYnhn lnwImc amIpp. A cow {]kv XmhamIp
p. tZymhv DZv KoY amIpp. ZopI {]Xn lmc amIpp.
kap{Zw \n[ \ amIpp. Cu iIzcnI Fp ]dbp kma
hntijw temI fn {]Xn jv Tn Xambn cnpp.
k b Gh taXmx iIztm temtIjp
t{]mXm thZ temIo `hXn khambp
tcXn tPymKv PohXn alm {]Pbm
]ip`n`hXn alm IoymtemIm
\ \ntXv XZv{hXw
temI fn {]Xnjv TnXamb Cu iIzcnI Fp ]d
bp kmahntijs Bcv Adnbppthm, Ah temI
ap h\mbnocpp. Ah apgph Bbpnt\ {]m]n
pp. Dzeambn Pohn pp. {]Psbsmpw ]ip
sfsmpw alm\mbnocpp. IonsImp alm
\mbnocpp. temIsf \nn cpXv. AXv {hXamIpp.
]Xn s\mw Jw
APm lnwImtcm f hbx {]kvXmthm Kmh
DZv KotYm f izmx {]Xnlmcx ]pcptjm
\n[\taXm tchXyx ]ipjvTt{]mXmx
AP lnwImc amIpp. IpdnbmSpI {]kv Xmham
Ipp. tKm DZv KoY amIpp. Aiz {]Xnlmcam
Ipp. tchXn I Fp ]dbp kmahntijw, ]ip
fn {]Xn jvTn Xambn cnpp.
kb GhtaXm tchXymx ]ipjpt{]m
Xm thZ ]ipam `hXn khambptcXn
tPymKv PohXn alm {]Pbm ]ip
`n`hXn alm Ioym ]iq \
\ntXv XZv{hXw.
C{]Imcw ]ip fn {]Xnjv TnXamb Cu tchXnI
Fp ]dbp, kmahntijs Bcp Adnbppthm,
Ah ]ipfph\mbnocpp. Ah apgph
Bbppw {]m]n p p. Dz e ambn Pohn p p.
{]Psbsmpw ]ipsfsmpw alm\mbnocp
p. ]ipsf \nn cpXv. AXp {hXamIpp.
]sm]Xmw Jw
tema lnwImc, kvXIv {]kvXmthm amwk
apZvKotYm, f n {]Xn lmtcm, am\n[\
taXZybobav tKjvT t{]mXw
temaw lnwImc amIpp. XzIv {]kv XmhamIpp.
amwkw DZvKoYamIpp. An {]Xn lmcamIpp. a
\n[ \amIpp. Cu bmbob sa kmaw tZlmh
b h fn {]XnjvTnXambn cnpp.
k b Gh taXyZymbobawtKjp
t{]mXw thZmwKo `hXn\mw tK\
hnlqXn, khambptcXn, tPymKv
PohXn, alm {]Pbm ]ip`n`hXn
alm Ioymkw hcw aPvtm
\miv\nbmXv XZv{hXw, aPvtm\wiv\obm
ZnXnhm
I K
N P
209
C{]Imcw tZhmhbhfn {]XnnXamb, bm
b ob sa Cu kmas Bcv Adnbppthm, Ah
Fm Ahbhepw XnIh\mbnocpw. Ah
Av Kw sImv IpSn e \m bn o cp I bn . apgp h
Bbppw {]m]npw; Dzeambn Pohnpw. {]Psb
smpw ]ipsf sImpw alm\mbnocpw. Ion
sImp alm\mIpw. Hcp kwhctv amwkw `n
cpXv . AXp {hXamWv. (Hcnepw `ncpXv Fp
amImw.)
Ccp ]Xmw Jw
An lnw Imtcm, hmbpx {]kvXmh, B
ZnXy DZvKotYm, \{XmWn {]Xnlmc,
{am\n[\taX{ZmP\w tZhXm kpt{]mXw.
An lnwImc amIpp. hmbp {]kvXmhamIpp. BZn
Xy DZvKoYamIpp. \{X {]XnlmcamIpp.
N{ \n[\amIpp. Cu cmPsa kmaw tZhXIfn
{]Xn jv Tn X am bncnpp.
k b Gh taX{ZP\w tZhXmkp
t{]mXw th ssZhXmkm tah tZh
Xm\mw ktemI Xmw knXmw
kmbqPyw KXn khambptcXn
tPmKv PohXn, alm {]Pbm ]ip
`n `hXn alm Ioym {_mW
\ \ntXv XZv{hXw.
Cs\ tZhX Ifn {]Xnjv TnXamb Cu tcmP\ sa
kmas Bcv Adn bppthm, Ah Cu tZhXIfpsS
kmtemIyt tbm, kam\ amb sFizcytmSp IqSntbm
bn cnp Ahtb tbm, kmbqPyt tbm, {]m]n p
p. apgph Bbpnt\ {]m]npp. Dzeambn Pohn
pp. {]PIsf smpw ]ip sfsmpw alm\mbn
ocpp. {_m Wsc \nncpXv. AXp {hXamIpp.
Ccp ] smmw Jw
{XbohnZymlnwImc, kv{Xb Cta temIx
k{]kvXmthm f n hmbqcmZnXyx k
DZvKotYm, \{XmWn hbmwkn
acoNbx k{]Xnlmcx, km Khx
]nXc kv\n[\ taXXv kma khkvan
t{]mXw.
{Xbo hnZy lnwImc amIpp. Cu aqp temI AXv
{]kv Xmhnpp. An, hmbp, BZnXy Ch DZvKoYam
Ipp. \{X, ]nI, civanI Ch {]Xnlmc am
Ipp. k, Khm, ]nXr Ch \n[\ am
Ipp. Cu kmakapZmbw khnepw {]Xn jvTn X ambn
cn pp.
k b GhtaXXv kma khkvan
t{]mXw thZ kw l `hXn
C{]Imcw khnepw {]Xnjv TnXamb Cu kmas
Bcp Adnbppthm, Ah khpambn ocpp.
XtZjtmIx
B An Xmsg dbp a{hpw Dv.
bm\n ][m{XoWn{XoWn tXt`ym\
Pymbx ]ca\yZkvXn; bkv X tZzZ k
thZ khw khm Zntim _enakvssalcn
Ap hn[ n aqqmbn GXmtWm ]dbs Xv,
Ahsbm alchpw `nambpw thsdmcp hkvXp
C. khmIamb Cu kmas Bcv Adnbppthm,
Ah\v Fm ZnpIfn D hcpw _en sImSppp.
khakvaoXyp]mkoX; XZv {hXw XXv {hXw
Rm khhpamIpp Fp D]mknWw. AXv {hX
am Ipp.
Ccp] n cmw Jw
hn\n kmavt\m hrtW ]ihyanXyt
cpZv KotYm f \ncpx {]Pm]tX,
ncpx tkmaky, arZpjWw
hmtbmx jvWw _ehZn{ky,
{Iuw _rlkv]tX, c][zmw
hcpWky; Xm khmt\thm ]tk
thX; hmcpWw tXzh htbXv.
hn\tmSpIqSnb Xpw, ]ipv lnXhpamb
kmas kw_n Km\w Rm {]mn pp. CXv
AntZh\mbnp DZvKoY amIpp. {]Pm]Xn tZh\mbn
p DZv KoYw GXp{]Imcw BtWm, AXpt]mse Fp
\nhNnsSmXmIpp. tkma tZhXbmbnp
DZvKoYw kv]jvTambnpXmIpp. hmbp tZhXbmbn
p Km\w arZphpw a[pcambn pXpw BIpp. C{
tZhXbmbn p Km\w vWhpw _eapXpw BIp
p. _rl kv ]Xn tZh\mbnp Km\w {Iu ]nbpsS
\mZn\p kaamIpp. hcpW tZh\mbnp Km\w,
s]mnb Hmns kzcn\p kaamIpp. Ahsbmw
Xs {]tbmKnWw. Fm hcpW tZh\mbnp
Xns\ am{Xw hn Ww.
I K
N P
210
AarXXzw tZth`y BKmbm\oXv
XymKmtbXv, kz[mw ]nXr`y Bimw
a\ptj`y kv XrtWmZIw ]ip`yx
kzw temIw bPam\mbmam
\ BKmbm \ntXyXm\n a\m
[ymb {]Wx kvXphoX
Rm tZhmv AarXXzw km[npsImSps. ]nXr
v D kz[ Rm BKm\w sNs. a\pjyv
Bisb B Km\w sNs. ]ipv ]ppw shhpw
BKm\w sNs. bPam\\v kztemIs BKm\w
sNs. bPam\\v kztemIs BKm\w sNs.
F\nv As BKm\w sNs. Cs\ Ch a\ p
sImv [ym\np {]amZw IqSmsX kv XpXn pp.
kthkzc C{ky ff m\x kh Du
jvaWmx {]Pm]tX cmm\x kth
kv]iw artXymcmm\kvXw bZn kztc
jq ]met`tX{w icWw {]]tm f
`qhw kXzm {]XnhyXotXy\w {_qbmXv.
Fm kzc fpw _ew \Ip {]mWs Bm
fmIpp. Fm Dujvamfpw {]Pm]Xn bpsS Bm fm
Ipp. Fm kv]ifpw arXyphns BmfmIpp.
C{]Imcadnbp DZvKmXmhns\ kzc sf kw_nv Ip
sSppIbmsWn Rm C{s\ icWw {]m]n np
v . C{ \ntmSv Dcw ]dbpw. Fv Ip s Spnb
ht\mSv ]dbWw.
AY btZy\ aqjvakq ]met`X, {]Pm
]Xnw icWw {]]tm f `qhw kXzm
{]Xnt]jyXotXy\w {_qbmXv; AY
btZy\w kv]tijp ]met`X, arXypw
icWw {]]tm f `qhw kXzm {]
Xn[yXotXy\w {_qbmXv.
AXpt]mse Xs, DmXmhns\, Dujvamsf kw_
nv IpsSppIbmsWn, Rm {]Pm]Xnsb
icWw {]m]nnpv. B tZh \ns kwNq\w
sNpw Fv Cht\mSp ]db Ww. AXpt]mse DZvKmXm
hns kv ]i\ sf, kw_nv Ip s SppIbmsW
n, Rm arXyphns\ icWw {]m]nn pv. B tZh
\ns Zlnnpw Fv Ip sSpp ht\mSv ]dbWw.
kth k cmtLmjhtm _ehtm
hhym Ct{_ew ZZm\oXn; kh
DujvWmtWm f {KkvXm A\nckvXm hnhrXm
h hyx {]Pm]tX cmm\w
]cn`Zm \oXn; kthkv]imteti\m
\`n lnXmhhy artXymcmm\w
]cn lcmWoXn
Rm C{ \n _ew sImSppw Fphv Fm kzc
fpw apgap hbmbpw, _eaphbmbpw Dcn
s tShbmIpp. Rm {]Pm]Xnv, Ah\ hs\ Zm\w
sNs Fp hnNmcnv, Fm Dujvamfpw Dn
{]thinnsSmhbmbpw, shfn bn X sSm
hbmbpw hnhrX {]b Xv\tmSpIqSnbpw ]dbstSh
bmIpp. arXyphn \nv Ah\ hs\ Rm ]cnl cns
Fp hnNmcnv, Fm kv]ifpw, kmh[m\n
asmcp h tmSp Iecmhbmbn, Dcns tS
hbmIpp. Ahsb Dcnptm Rm PemZn Ifn
\np _memsc F Xpt]mse, arXyphn\nv Bm
hns\ ]cnl cns Fv [ym\n pIbpw thWw.
Ccp] n aqmw Jw
{Xtbm [kvIm, btm f [yb\w
Zm\anXn {]Ya, kvX] Gh ZznXotbm,
{_Nm N Ipehmko XrXob f
Xyamm\am NIpte ff hkmZ
b, kh GtX ]pWytemIm `hn;
{_ kwtm f arX XztaXn.
[kv I aqmIpp. Ah bw, A[yb
\w, Zm\w FnhbmIpp. HmatXp kvIhpw cm
atXv X]pw BIpp. aqmatXv, BNmcyIpe
n hknp ioeap h\pw, Ahkm\whtc Bm
hns\ BNcyIpen oWnnp h\pw Bb, {_
NmcnbmIpp. Chscmw ]pWytemI fp hcmIpp.
{_ n {]hn p h AarXXzw {]m]n pp.
{]Pm]Xn tmIm\`yX]Xv tXt`ym f
ZnX ]vtX`ykv{Xbo hnZymkw {]m{khXv;
Xma`yX]Xv Xkym A`nX]vXmbm
GXm\ycmWn kw{]m{khX `q `hx kzcnXn
{]Pm]Xn, temIsf DtZinv [ym\ cq]amb X]p
sNbvXp. A`nX]vX fmb BtemI fn \nv {XbohnZy
hp. B, {XbohnZysb Dtinv A`nX ]np. A`nX]vX
amb B {XbohnZybn \nv `qx `qhx kzx Fo Ac
e`n p.
Xm\y`yX ]Xv; tXt`ym f `nX]vtX`y HmwImcx
kw{]{khXv; XZyYm ip\m khmWn
]m\n kwXrmt\yh taw ItcW
khm hmIv kwXrm Hmw Imw Gth
Zw khw
I K
N P
211
Ahsb A`n X]np. A`n X]v X fmb, B A c
fn \nv, Hmw Imcw {]{khnp. B HmwImccq]amb
{_w Fns\bp sXm, Fm CeIfpw Ce
n\m hym]vX Bbncnppthm, AXpt]mse
Fm hmpw HmwImc m hym]v X ambn cn p p.
CsXmw HmwImcw XsbmIpp.
Ccp] n \memw Jw
{_ hmZnt\mhZn bZv hkq\mw {]mXx
kh\w cq{ZmWmw am[yw Zn\w kh\ am`n
Xym\mw N hntiz jmw N tZhm\mw
XrZobkZ\w
{_hmZnI ]dbpp: {]mXx kh\sap {]kn
ambn p tXtXm, AXv hkpfpsS hIbmIpp. a[ym
nep kh\w cp{ZmcpsS hIbmIpp. aqmas
kh\w BZnXymcptSbpw hniztZhmcptSbpw BIpp.
Iz Xln bPam\ky temICXn kbkvXwX
hnZymXvIYw IpmXv? AY hnZzm IpXv
Atm bPam\\v temIw FhnsS? CspXp
sImv temIw hmnphm\p D]mbw Bcv AdnbmXn
cnppthm, Ah Fns\ bw sNpw? AXn\m
Adn n ph sNWw.
]pcm {]mXc\p hmI tkym]mIcWmL
t\\ Kml]XytkymZv apJ D]hniy
khmkhw kmam`nKmbXn: tem 3 I
Zzmca]mhm 3 Wq 33 ]tiy a Xzm
hbw cm 33333 lp 3 av B 33 Pym
3 tbm 3 B 32 CXn.
{]Xc\p hmIns Bcw `n\p ap]v Kml ]Xym
nbpsS ]ndIn Bbnv hStmp apJ ambn Ccpv , bP
am\ hkp tZhXbmbnp kmaw A`nKm\w sNp
p. temIZzmcw Xpdq. \mw cmPyn\mbn Atb
ImWt.
AYPqtlmXn \tam f tb ]rYnhon
tX, temIntX temIw ta bP
am\mb hnssj sshbPam\ky temI
GXkvay{X bPam\x ]ckvXmZmbpjx
kzml f ]Pln ]cnLanXyptznjXn
Xkvssahkhx {]mXx kh\w kw{]bn
A\cw Xmsg d bp a{w sImv tlman pp.
hrYnhn temIn hknpp. An bmb, Atv
\akv Imcw. Pb am\\mb F\nmbn temIw e`n tW.
CXv bPam\\mb Fs temIamWv . bP am\ \mb Rm,
PohnXmImew Ignv, Cu temIn KanpamdmItW.
kzml! temIZzmc ns A fs, \o tW. Cs\
]dp Fgptpp. B bPam\\v hkp, {]mXx
kh\tmSp kw_n temIw, sImSppp.
]pcmam[yw Zn\ky kh\tkym]mIcWm
Lt\\ ff o{[nbtkymZvapJ D]
hniy kpcu{Zw kam`nKmbXn tem 3
I Zzmca]mh 3 Wq ]tiy aXzm
hbw sshcm 33333 lp 3 av B 33
tPym 3 tbm 3 B 32 CXn.
am[yw Zn\ amb kh\ ns Bcw`n\pap]v, Zn
WmnbpsS ]ndIn, hS tmp apJambn Ccpn v, bP
am\, cp{Z tZhX bmbnp kmas A`nKm\w sNp
p. temIns Zzmcw XpdtW. \mw sshcmPyn\mbn
At ImWs.
AYPqtlmXn: \tam hmbth f co
ntX temI ntX, temIw ta
bPam\mb h; Gj ssh bPam\m
kytemIx, GXmkvay{X bPam\x ]c
kvXmZmbpjx kzmlm f ]Pln ]cnL
anXyptzmnjvTXn; X kvssacp{Zm am[yw
Zn\w kh\w kw{]bn.
A\ cw tlman pp. A co temIn hkn
p h\mb hmbphn\v \akv Imcw. bPam\ \mb F\np
thn temIs e`n tW. CXv bPam\s temIamIp
p. bPam\ \mb Rm, BbppIgnp Cu temI
n Kan pamdmItW. kzml, temIZzmc nep hne
pXSn \opp Fp ]dnv Ah Dm\w sNp
p. Ah\v cq{Zm a[yw Zn\ nep kh\w \ev Ipp.
]pcm XrXobkh\ tkym]mIcWm
Lt\\m f lh\ob kymZvapJ
D]hn[y k BZnXyw k sshiztZhw
kam`nKmbXn: tem 3 I Zzmca]mhm
Z Wq 33 ]tiyaXzm hbw kzmcm
33333 lp 3 av B 33 Pym 3 tbm B
32''' CXymZnXyw; AY sshiztZhw:
tem 3 I Zzmc am]mhm 3 Wq 33 ]tiy
aXzm]bw kzcm 33333 lp 3 av B
33 Pym 3 tbm 3 B 32 ''' CXn 13
aqmas kh\ ns Bcw `n\p ap]v , Bl
h\obmnbpsS ]ndIn hStmp apJambn ncpv, bP
I K
N P
212
am\, BZn Xy tZh\mbnp kmat bpw, hniztZh
m tZhX bmbnp kmatbpw A`nKm\w sNpp.
temIZzmcw XpdpI, \mw kzcmPyn\mbn Asb
ImWs Fv BZn Xy tZhXbmbnp kmaw sNmp
p. hopw hniztZhm tZhXbmbnp kmaw sNp
p. temIZzmcs A]mhcWw sNbvI. \mw kzcmPyn
\mbn Km\w sNpp.
AYPqtlmXn \a BZntXy`y
hntez`ykvO tZth t`ym Znhn nZvt`ym
temInZvt`ym temIw ta bP
am\mb hnX 14 Gj ss] bP
am\ky temI GXmkvay{X ]ckvXmZmbp
jx kzmlm f ]lX ]cnLanXyp
tzmn jvTXn.
CXn\ptijw tlmanpp. Zyp temIn hknp
hcmb BZnXymmbpw, hniztZhmmbpw \a
kvcnpp. bPam\\mb F\npthn temIw e`n
tW. CXv bPam\s temIamIpp. bPam\ \mb Rm
Bbpp Ignv, ChnsSv KanpamdmItW. kzml
AKfs A]l\ns Fp ]dnv Dm\w sNp
p.
Xkvam BZnXym hntKzNtZhm
kvXrXobw kh\w kw{]bn;
Gj l ssh b kymam{Xmw
thZ, b Ghw thZ b Ghw thZ.
B bPam\\v BZnXymcpw hniztZhmcpw aqm
as kh\w \Ipp. Bcv C{]Imcw Adn bppthm,
B bP am\ bns almys Adn bpp. b
Ghw thZ Fp cp{]mhiyw ]dn cnpXv Cu
Aymbw Ahkm\np Fv ImWnm\mWv.
aqmw Aymbw
Hmw Jw
(hn in ^ e {]m ]v Xn mbn b hnj b fpw
bmwK `qXfpamb, kmatlmaat{mm\fpw D]
tZinp Ignp. khb fptSbpw ^ecq]\mb
kqcy almb {iotbmSpIqSn AXyw PzenpsIm
n cnpp. kh{]mWnIfptSbpw I fpsS ^eam
bn cnp Cu BZn Xys\, {]Xyambn Fmhcpw D]
Pohnpp.)
Hmw Aku hm BZntXym tZha[p;
Xky Zyu tchXnc o\hwtim fcn
a]qt]m, acoNbx ]p{Xmx
Cu BZnXy tZhmv a[phmIpp. Ba[phn\v
tZymhp Xs, IpdpsIbp apf bmIpp. BImiw a[z
]q]amIpp. civanI `qa fpsS IpnIfmIpp.
Xky tb {]mtmc ivabkvXm Ghmky
{]mtNyma[p\mUyx EN Gh a[pIrX
EtKzZ Gh ]pjv ]w, Xm AarXm B]x
B BZnXys Ingtmp civanI GXmtWm,
AXpXs Cu a[phns Ingtmp \mUnIfmIpp.
EXp Xs a[pIrpI BIpp. EtKzZw Xs
]qhv BIpp. tkmaw, BPyw apXembh ]pjv]fn
ep ApIfmIpp. EtKzZw F i_vZwsImptin
p Xv, EtKzZmep Iw BIpp.
Xmhm GXm EN GXartKzZ a`yX
]wkvXkym`nX ]vX kyb ikvtXP C{nbw
hoamZyw ctkm f PmbX
Ans\ bp Cu EpI Cu EtKzZs A`nX
]np. A`nX]n s AXn\v Ionbpw, tZl Zo]vXnbpw,
C{nb hpw, ho hpw, BIp ckw Dmbn. In
\npmIp ckw ]dncn pp.
XZzycZmZnXym a`ntXm f {ibXv ;
XZzm GXZy tZXZmZnXy kytcmlnXw cq]w
bip apX AmZyw hsc bpXv Kanp. AXv BZn
Xys Hcp hiv B{ibn p. BZnXys XpSp Cu
cq]w GXmtWm AXv CXmIpp.
cmw Jw
AYtb f ky ZnWmcivabkvXm Ghmky
ZnWm a[p\m tUymbPqw tjyh a[pIr
tXm bqthZ Gh ]pjv ]w Xm AarXm
B]x
]ns Chs sXtmp civanI GXmtWm, AXp
Xs BZn Xy\mIp a[phns sXtmp a[p\mUn
bmIpp. bPqpI Xs a[pIrpI BIpp.
bPqtZw Xs ]pjv]w BIpp. B AarX Ap
I BIpp.
Xm\nhm GXm\nbPqw tjyXw bPqth
Za`yX ]; Xkym`nX ]vXky bikvtXP
C{nbw hoamZyw ctkm f PmbX
2 XZzyc ZmZnXya`ntXm f {ipbXv ;
XZzm GXZytZX ZmZnXyky ipw cq]w
Cu bPqpI bPqthZhnlnXamb Iw A`n X
]np. A`nX]ns AXn\v bipw tXPpw C{n
I K
N P
213
bhpw hohpw AmZyhpamIp ckw P\np. B I
^eamIp ckw Kanp; AXv BZnXys Hcp hiv B{i
bnp. BZnXys Cu ipamb cq]w GtXm AXv Cu
a[phmIpp.
AYtb fky {]Xytmcivab kvXm Ghmky
{]Xytma[p\mUyx kmamt\yh a[pIrXx
kma thZ Gh ]pjv ]w Xm AarXm B]x
Xm\nhm GXm\n kmamt\yXw kmathZ
a`y X], Xkym`nX]vXky bikvtX P
C{nbw ho amZyw ctkm f PmbtX
XZzcXv XZmZnXya`ntXm f {ibXv; XZzm
GXZv btZXZmZnXy ky IrjvWw cq]w.
Cu BZnXys ]Snmtdmp t]mIp civanI GXm
tWm, AXv Cu a[phns {]XypIfmb a[p\mUnI
BIpp. kma Xs {`ac BIpp. kma thZ
m hn[n s Sp Iw ]pjv ]w BIpp. B Aar
X ApIfmIpp. As\bp Cu kma,
kmathZn hn[nn p Iw A`nX]nn p. A`nX
]n s AXn\v bi pw, tXP pw, C{n b hpw,
hohpw AmZyhpamIp ckw P\nnp. B ckw
Kanp. AXv BZnXys Hcp hiv B{ibnp. BZnXys
Cu IrjvWamb cq]w GtXm, AXv Cu I^eamb
a[phmIpp.
\memw Jw
AYtbtkyZtmc ivab kvXm Ghmtkym
ZotNym a[p\mUyx AYhmv Kn ck
Gh a[pIrX CXnlmk ]pcmWw ]pjv ]w,
Xm AarXm B]x
tXhm GtXm f Yhmv Kock GXZnXn
lmk ]pcmWa`yX] Xkym`nX]vX
ky bikvtXP C{nbw hoamZyw
ctkm f PmbX
XZvhycXv XZmZnXya`ntXm f {ibXv
XZzm GXXv btZX ZmZnXy ky]cw
IrjvWw cq]w.
Chs hStmp civanI GXmtWm Ah Xs
Cu a[p hns hS tm p a[p \mUn I fm Ip p.
AYhmhn\mepw Av Kocn \mepw Ip]nSnsn
p a{ Xs {`ac fmIpp. CXnlmkhpw ]pcm
Whpw ]pjv]amIpp. In {]tbmKnp tkmam
ZnI ApIfmIpp. A s\bp Cu AYhmwKn c
pI Cu CXnlmk]pcmWs A`nX]nn p. A`nX
]ns CXnlmk]pcmWn\v bipw, tXPpw C{n
bhpw hohpw AmZyhpw ckambn P\np. AXp Kan
p. AXv BZnXys Hcp hiv B{i bnp. BZnXys
Cu Ghpw Idp cq]w GtXm AXv B ckw Xs
bmWv .
Amw Jw
AYtb f tkymmcivabkvXm Ghmtkym
zm a[p\mtUym Kplym Gh ff tZim
a[pIrtXm {_ssh ]pjv ]w Xm A
arXm B]x
tXhm GtX Kplym BtZim GX
Xv{_m`y X]; Xkym`n X]vkky
bikvtXP C{nbw hoamZyw
ctkm f PmbX
XZzcmXv XZmZnXy a`ntXm f {ibXv
XZzm GXZ btZX ZmZnXykyat[y
tm`X Ch.
]ns Chs tatmp civanI GXmtWm AXv
Cu a[phns taev t]mp a[p\mUn I BIpp. cl
krfmb D]tZi Xs a[pIrpIfmIpp.
{_w Xs ]pjv]amIpp. BtkmamZn I ApIfm
Ipp. A s\ bp Cu Kply fmb D]tZi Cu
{_s A`nX]nn p. A`nX]ns {_n\v
bipw tXPpw C{n bhpw hohpw AmZyhpw ck
ambn Dmbn. B ckw Kanp. AXv BZnXys\ Hcp hiv
B{ibn p. BZnXys ayn GXmtWm Cu tm`n
pXpt]mse Ccn pXv AXp Cu ckamIpp.
tXhm GtX ckm\mw ckx thZmln
ckm kvtXjmtatX ckmx Xm\n hm
GXm\yarXm \maarXm\n; thZmly
arXmkvtX jmta Xm\yarXm\n.
ta]d {]Imcap tcmlnXmZncq]hntij
ck fpsS ckfmIpp. thZ ckfmIpp.
tcmlnXmZncq]hntij, B thZ fptSbpw AXyw
kmc`qX fpw BIpp. Ans\bp Ch AarX
fptSbpw Aar X fmIpp. Fs m thZ Aar
X fmIpp. Cu tcmlnXmZncq] Ahbvpw Aar
X fmIpp.
I K
N P
214
Bdmw Jw
XZyXv {]Yaa arXw XZz khD]Pohy
n \maptJ\; \ ssh tZhm Aiv\n
\ ]n_tyX tZhmarXw Zrzm Xr ]yn.
Ahbn Hmas AarXw GtXm AXns\ hkp
AnbmIp apJw sImv D]Pohnpp. tZhm
Ain pn. ]m\w sNpn. AarXs Fm IcW
sfsImpw A\p`hnnv Xr]v X cmIpp.
X GX tZh cq] a`nkw hnity X
kvam {Zp]m Zp Zyn
Ah Cu cq]w Xs t\mnbncnpp. Cu cq]w
A\p`hnp Xn \mbn Dml ap hcmbnocpp.
k b GXtZhaarXw thZ
hkv{X \mansshtIm `qXzm f n ss\h
aptJm ss\ XtZhmarXw Zrzm Xr]y
Xn. k GX tZh cq] a`n kwhni
tXy Xkvam {Zp]mZpt`Xn.
Cu AarXw Bcv Adnbppthm Ah hkpfn
Hcphs\tmse Bbn onv AnbmIp apJw
sImv Cu tcmlnXcq]amIp AarXw Zinp Xr]v X
\mbnocpp. Ah Cu cq]w t\mnsmncnpp.
Cu cq]w A\p`hnphm\mbn Dml aph\mbno
cp p.
k bmhZmZnXyx ]pckvXmZptZXm ]m
ZkvXta Xm hkv{X\m tah XmhZm[n
]Xyw kzmcmPyw ]tXm
B hnZzm BZn Xy Ingt Znn DZn bpw ]Sn
mtd Znn AkvXanpIbpw sNpnStmfw
Imew hkp fpsS B[n]Xytbpw, kzcmPytbpw
FmbnSpw {]m]npp.
Ggmw Jw
AYbZv ZznXobaarXw X{Zp{Zm D]Po
hot{W aptJ\; \ sshtZhm A
iv\n X]n _ty X tZhmarXw Zr
zmXr]yn X GXtZh cq]a`n kw
hnity Xkvam {Zp]mZpZyn.
cmas AarXw GtXm AXv cp{Zm C{ \mIp
apJwsImv D]Pohnpp. tZhm Ainpn; ]m\w
sNpn; Cu AarXw Zinnv Xr]vXcmIpp. Ah
CtX cq]w t\mnsImv kzkvXcmbn cn pp. Cu cq]
ns t`mKn \mbn Dml ap hcmbnocpp.
k b GX tZhaarXw thZ cp{ZmWm
ansshtIm `qtXzt{ ssWh aptJssX
tZhmarXw Zrzm Xr]yXn; k GX
tZh cq] a`n kwhnitXy Xkvam {Zp]m
ZptZXn.
C{]Imcw Cu AarXw Bcv Adnbppthm Ah cp{Z
mcn Hcphs\ tmse Bbnonv C{\mIp apJw
sImv CtX AarXw Zinp Xr]vX\mIpp. Ah CtX
cq]w t\mn bncnpp. Cu cq]ns t`mKn \mbn
Dml ap h\m bnocpp.
k bmh ZmZnXyx ]pckvXmZptZXm
]mZkvXtaXm ZznkvXmhZv Zn
WX DtZtXmctXm f kv XtaXmcp
{ZmWm tahXmhZm[n]Xyw kzmcmPyw
]t Xm.
F{XImetmfw BZnXy Ingv DZnbpw, ]Sn
mdv Akv Xanbpw sNppthm, AXns Ccnmew
sXpZnn DZnpIbpw hSpZnn AkvXanpIbpw
sNpp. A{XtmfwImew hnZzm cp{ZmcpsS B[n]Xy
tbpw kzcmPytbpw FmbnSpw {]m]npw.
Fmw Jw
AYbXv XrXobaarXw X`mZnXym D]
Pohn hcptW\ aptJ\; \ ssh
tZhm Aiv\n \ ]n_tyX tZhm
arXw Zrzm Xr]yn.
aqmas AarXw GtXm AXns\ BZnXym hcp
Ws\ apJ amn D]Pohnpp. tZhm `npn.
]m\w sNpn. Cu cq]amIp AarXs Zinp
Xr]vXcm Ipp.
X GXtZh cq] a`n kwhnity
Xkvam{Zp]m ZpZyn
Ah Cu cq]w t\mnsmncnpp. Cu cq]w
A\p`hnp Xn \mbn Dml ap hcmbnocpp.
k b GXtZhaarXw thZf ZnXym
\manssh tIm `qXzm hcptW ss\h
aptJss\ XtZhmarXw ZrzmXr ]yXn
k GXtZh cq]a`n kwhnitXy
Xkvam tZh cq]m Zp t`Xn
Cu AarXw Bcv Adnbppthm, Ah BZnXym
cn Hcphs\tmse Bbnonv, hcpWs\s apJ
I K
N P
215
amn CtX AarXw Zinnv Xr]vX\mIpp. Ah CtX
cq]w t\mn smncn pp. Cu cq]w A\p`hn p
Xn \pthn Dml aph\mbn ocpp.
k bmh ZmZntXym ZnWX DtZtXm
ctXm f kvXta Xm Zzn kvXmhXv ]ivOmZp
t`Xm ]pckvX taXm ff ZnXym\mtahXm
hZm[n]Xyw kzmcmPyw ]tXm
F{XImew BZnXy sXt Znn DZnbpw hSt
Znn AkvX anpIbpw sNppthm AXns cp
KpWw Imew ]SnmdpZnbpw Ingv AkvXanpIbpw
sNpp. A{Xtmfw Imew Ah BZnXyamcpsS
B[n]Xysbpw kzcmPytbpw Fmbn Spw {]m]n
pp.
H]Xmw Jw
AYbXpaarXw X cpX D]Pohn
tkmta\ aptJ\; \ sshtZhm Aiv
\n\ ]n_tyX tZhmarXw Zrm
Xr]ynw X GX tZhcq]a`nkw
hnityXkv am{Zp]mZpZyn
k b GX tZhaarXw thZ acpXm
ansshtIm `qXzm tkm ta ss\haptJ
ss\X tZhm arXw Zrzm Xr]yXn;
k GX tZh cq]a`n kwhnitXy
Xkvam{Zp]mZptZXn.
kbmhZmZnXyx ]mZpt`Xm ]pckvXm
ZkvX taXm ZznkvXmhZpcX Dt`Xm
ZnWtXm f kvXtaXm acp Xmh Zm[n
]Xyw kzcmPyw ]tXm.
\memas AarXtatXm, AXns\ acppI tkma
s\ apJamn D]Pohnpp. tZhm Binpn.
]m\w sNpn. Ah AarXv Zinnv Xr]vXmcmIp
p. Ah CtX cq]s t\mnsmncnpp. Cu
cq]s A\p`hnm\mbn Dml ap hcmbnocpp.
Cu AarXw Bcp Adnbppthm Ah acppIfn
Hcphs\ tmse Bbnonv tkma Xs bmb apJw
sImp CtX AarXw Zinnv Xr]vX\mbnocpp.
Ah CtX cq]w t\mnsmncnpp. Cu cq]w A\p
`hn m\mbn Dmlap h\mbnocpp. F{X Imew
BZnXy ]Snmdv DZnbpw Ingv AkvXanbpw
sNppthm AXns KpWw hSpZn bpw sXv
AkvXan pIbpw sNpp. Cu Imew B hnZzm acp
p Ip X s bp B[n ] Xy tbpw kzcm Py
tbpw Fmbn Spw {]m]npw.
]mw Jw
AYbXv ] aaarXw Xm[ymD]Pohn
{_Wm aptJ\, \ ssh tZhm Aiv\n
\]n _tyX tZhmarXw Zrzm Xr]yn;
X GXtZh cq]a`nkw hnity Xkvam{Zq]m
Zp Zyn.
k b GX tZhaarXw thZ km[ym\
ansshtIm `qXzm {_ssWh aptJ
ss\X tZhmarXw Zr]mXr]yXn, k
GX tZh cq]a`nkw hnitXy Xkvam
{Zp]mZptZXn.
kbmh ZmZnXy DcX DtZXm Zn
WtXm f kvXta Xm ZznkvXm hZqz DtZXm
fhm kv X taXm km[ym\mtah Xmh
Zm[n]Xyw kzmcmPyw ]tXm;
Amas AarXtatXm AXns\ km[ym {_
s, {_mhns\ apJamn D]Pohnpp. tZhm
Ainpn. ]m\w sNpn. Cu AarXw Zinnv
Xr]v X cmIpp. Cu AarXw Bcp Adn bppthm, Ah
km[ymcn Hcphs\ tmse Bbn onp, {_mhp
Xs bmb apJwsImv CtX AarXw Zinnv Xr]vX
\mbnocpp. Ah CtX cq]s t\mn Ccnpp.
Cu cq]s A\p`hnp Xn \mbn Dml ap h\mbn
ocpp. BZnXy F{X Imew hSv DZn bpw, sXv
AkvXanpIbpw sNppthm, AXns CcnImew
Duz `mKn DZnbpw Xmsg Akv X an bpw sNp
p. A{Xtmfw Imew Ah kmymp Xmb
B[n]Xytbpw kzmcmPytbpw ]cn Kanpw.
]Xn s\mmw Jw
AY XX Duz DtZXy ss\ thm
tZXm \mkvX taXm, GIe Gh
aty mXm; XtZj tmIx
AXn\ptijw {_ambnov Dbnv DZnm
h\mbpw AkvX as {]m]nmh\mbnpw GIeam
bnp Xns nXnsNpw B B \n
CutmIw IqSn Dv.
I K
N P
216
\ ssh X{X, \ \ntmN t\mZnbmb IZmN\
tZhmkvtX\mlw ktXy\ am hncm[njn
{_tWXn.
B {_temIn \o tNmZnpXv C. Hcnepw
kqcy AkvXannn. DZnnn. Atbm tZhmtc!
Rm {_kzcq]amb B kXytmSp hncp \mhcptX.
\ lhm Akvam DtZXn \ \ntmNXn
kIrXv Zn hm ssl hmkvssa `hXn
b GXm tahw {_tm]\njZw thZ.
C{]Imcw Cu {_tm]\njns\ Bcv Adnbpp
thm, Ah DZn pn . Akv Xan p n . Chv
Ftmgpw ]I Xs.
XssXZv {_m {]Pm]Xb DhmN
{]Pm]Xn\th a\px {]Pm`yx Xss
XZpmeImbm f cpWtb tPyjvT fb]p
{Xmb ]nXm {_t{]mhmN
Ans\bp Cu a[p m\s lncWyK`
{]Pm]Xnv ]dpsImSpp. {]Pm]Xn a\phn\pw, a\p
{]PIpw Cu {_m\w tPyjvT]p{X\mb Acp
Ws A]Xyamb DmeI\v ]nXmhv ]dp sImSpp.
CZw hmh XPv tPymb ]p{Xmb
]nXm {_ {]{_qbmXv; {]mWmbymb
hmfthmknt\; \m\ykvssaI kvssa N\
As\ bp Cu {_s n ]nXmhv , tPyjvT\mb
]p{X t\m, tbmKy\mb injyt\m ]dpsImSpWw.
A\y\v Hcp\pw D]tZin cpXv.
bZy]ykvam CamaZv`nx ]cnKrloXmw
[\ky ]qmw ZZym tZX tZhX
tXm`qb CtXyX tZhXtXm`qb CXn.
Cu hnZymZmXmhn\v Pem Np sXpw, [\w
sImp ]qhpw Bb, Cu ]rYnsb sImSppIbmsW
n t]mepw Cu a[p hnZymZm\w sNpXv AXns\m
A[nIambnp XmIpp.
]{mw Jw
(]e OpIfptm, Kmb {Xnsbs {_
m\n\v Zzmcambn FSpXv, Kmb {Xnp {]m[m\yw
sImmWv . kmas sImphcpXv Kmb{XoO nep
, EpI sImmWv . kmas sImphcp Xn\mbn
tZhm Kmb {Xn, {Xnpv, PKXn Chsb \ntbmKntm,
PKXnbpw {Xnvpw, Xp inbnmXn\m,
]IpXn hgnphv aSnt]mbn. Kmb{Xn tkmans
ASp sen. Imhmsc tXmev ]nv AXv tZhmv
sImphpsImSpp. DjvWn v, A\pjv Spv apX emb
ap NpIfpsS A ckwJyIfn Kmb {XnbpsS A
c kwJy ASnbn cn pp. Cmc Wfmsemw Kmb
{Xnv b n {]m[m\yapv. AXn\m Kmb{Xn hgn
bmbn {_w ]dbpp.)
Kmb{Xo hm CZw khw `qXw bZnZw
InwN; hmssKz Kmb{Xo, hmKzm CZw
khw `qXw KmbXn{XmbtXN
Cu PKmbncnpXv GsXmtam, B `qX samw
Kmb{XnbmIpp. Kmb{Xn FXv hmmIpp. hmv Cu
`qXs Km\w sNbvIbpw {XmWw sNbvIbpw sNpp.
bm ssh km Kmb{Xn, Cbw hmh km, tbbw
]rYnhn; Akymw loZw khw `qXw {]Xn
jvTnXw; GXm tah XmXn iobtX.
Cu Kmb{Xn GXmtWm AXv CXpXs bmIpp. Cu
{]nYnhn GtXm AXp Kmb{XnbmIpp. Cu `qXsamw Cu
{]nYn hnbn {]Xnjv Tn Xambncnpp. AXns\ AXnibn
pn.
bm sshkm ]rYnhn, Cbw hmhkm bZn
Zakvan ]pcptj icocw, Akvan
lota {]mWx {]XnjvTnXmx G
\tZh \mXniobt.
C{]Imc ap ]rYnhn GXmtWm AXv CXmIpp. Cu
icocw GtXm AXv CXmIpp. Fsm Cu {]mW
Cu icocn {]Xnjv TnXfmbncnpp. CXns\
AXnibn pn .
b ssZzXXv ]pcptj icoc anZw hmhXXv,
bZnZax ]pcptjlr Zbw; Akvan
lota{]mWmx {]XnjvTnXmx GXtZh
\mXn iobt.
]pcpj\nep B icocw GtXm AXv ]pcpjs Dn
ep Cu lrZb amIpp. Fsm Cu {]mW
Cu lrZb n {]Xn jvTn Xfmbn cnpp. CXv AXn
{Ianpn .
sskjm NXpjv]Zm jUzn[m Kmb{Xo
XtZX ZrNm f `y\qw
Ans\bp Cu Kmb{Xo \mep]mZtfmSpIqSn
bXpw Bdphn[nepXpamIpp. Cu Kmb{Xo Fp
]dbp {_w En\m {]Iminn sncnpp.
Xmhm\ky alnam XtXm Pymbmw
]pcpjx ]tZmfky khm`qXm\n
{Xn]mZkymarXw Znhn.
I K
N P
217
CXv Kmb{Xn Fp ]dbpXv {_ns alna bm
Ipp. ]pcpj AXnt\m alc\mIpp. Fm `qX
fpw Chs \men semcp `mKamIpp. Chs aqp]m
ZtfmSpIqSnb AarXw tZymhn emIpp.
bssZz XZv {_tXoZw hmhXXv, tbm bw
_lnm ]pcpjmZmImix, tbm ssh k_
lnm ]pcpjm ZmImtimf bw hmh ktbf
bax ]pcpj BImix, tbm ssh tkmf
x ]pcpj BImtim f bw hmhktbm f b
a lrZb BImix, XtZXXv ]q
a {]hn ]qma{]hn\ow {inbw
e`ytX b Ghw thZ.
B {_ sap ]dXv GtXm, AXv CXmIpp. ]pcp
j\n \np shfnp Cu BImiw GtXm AXv CXm
Ipp. ]pcpj\p shfnp BImiw GtXm AXv CXm
Ipp. ]pcpjs Dn ep Cu BImiw GtXm AXv
CXmIpp. ]pcpjs Dnep Cu BImiw GtXm
AXv CXmIpp. lrZb n\pnep Cu BImiw
GtXm AXv CXmIpp. A s\ bp lrZbmImisap
]dbp Cu {_w ]qhpw {]hnp ioean m
Xpw BIpp. C{]Imcw Bcp Adnbppthm, Ah\v
]qhpw \mianm Xpamb {io e`npp.
]Xn aqmw Jw
Xky lhm GXky lrZbky
] tZh kp j
bx, ktbm fky {]mv kpjnx k {]mW, kvX
px, k BZnXy, kvXtZXttPmf
mZyanXyp ]mknX; tXPkzymtZm `hXn
b Ghw thZw.
Cu {]IrXamb lrZb n\v Ap tZhZzc Dv.
lrZb ns B Ingp Zzmcw GtXm AXv {]mW\m
Ipp. AXp NpmIpp. AXv BZnXy\mIpp. Cu
{]mWs\p ]dbp {_s tXPpw AmZyhpw
Fphv D]mkn Ww.
AY tbm fky ZnWx kpjnx khy\,
kvXNvt{im{Xw, k N{amkvX tZX Nv
Ovdo bitXyp]mkoX; {ioam
b i kzo `hXn b Gh thZ.
Cu lrZb ns heXphip Zzmcw GtXm AXv
hym\ \mIpp. AXv t{im{X amIpp. AXv N{ a \ mIp
p. A s\bp hym\ s\p ]d bp {_s
{iosbpw bispw hnNmcnv D]mknWw. C{]
Imcw Bcp Adnbppthm Ah {iobph\mbpw bi
ph\mbpw Xocpp.
AY tbm fky {]Xyv kpjnx tkmf]m\x
km hmIv tkm fn, kvXtZXZv {_h
kamZy anXyp ]mkoX; {_h
kymtZm`hXnb Ghw thZ.
Cu lrZb ns ]Snmdphiap Zzmcw GtXm
AXv A]m\ \ BIpp. AXp hmmIpp. AXp An
bmIpp. Ans\ bp CXv {_hksapw Am
Zysapw hv D]mknWw. C{]Imcw Bcp Adnbp
pthm Ah {_ hkaph\mbpw A\mZ\mbpw
`hn pp.
AYtbm f tkymZv kpjnx k kam\,
kvX\x, k]\ykvXtZXXv Ion
hypjv TntXyp]mkoX; Ion am
hypnam `hXn b Ghw thZ.
Cu lrZbns hStmp Zzmcw GtXm AXv kam
\ BIpp. AXv a\mIpp. ]P \y AXmIpp.
Ans\ bp CXns\ Ionsbpw hypjvTn sbpw
hv D]mknWw. Bcv C{]Imcw D]mknppthm
Ah Ionbp h\mbpw hypnbph\mbpw `hn
pw.
AYtbm ftkym zx kpjnx k DZm\x, k
hmbpx k BImi tZX tZmP al
tXyp ]mkoX; HmPkzo alkzo `
hXnb Ghw thZ.
lrZb ns taev t]mp Zzmcw GtXm AXv DZm\
BIpp; hmbp AXmIpp. Ans\ bp CXns\ HmP
spw al spw IcpXn D]mknWw. C{]Imcw Bcp
Adnbppthm Ah HmPkznbmbpw al kznbmbpw Xocp
p.
tX hm GtX ]{_ ]pcpjmx kzKky
temIky Zzmc]mx, kb GXmt\hw
]{_ ]pcpjm kzKky temIky
Zzmc]m thZmky Ipte hotcm Pmb
tX {]Xn]ZytX kzw temIw b
GXmt\hw ]]pcpjm kzKky
temIky Zzmc]m thZ
Cu Ap {_]pcpjm kzamIp temI
ns Zzmc]meIcmIpp. kzamIp temIns
Zzmc ]memcmb Cu Ap ]pcpjmsc Bcp D]mknp
pthm Ahs Ipen hoc\mb ]p{X P\npw.
kz amIp temIns Zzmc ]memcmb Ap {_
I K
N P
218
]pcpjmsc Bcv D]mknppthm Ah kzamIp
temIw {]m]n pw.
AY bZXx ]tcm Znthm tPymXnZo
]ytX hnizXx ]rjvtTjp khXx
]rjvtTjz\ptajvTtajp temtI
jznZw hmhXZv bZnZax ]pcptj
tPymXnkvX ssky jmZrn ss{X XZkvan
Rv Ocotc kw kv]tit\mjvWn am\w hn
Pm\mXn; X ssky jm {ipXn ss{XXXv
Imh]n Krly \n\Zanh\ZYqcnhm
tcn hPzeX D]ir tWmXn XtZ
Xrw N{ipXw tNXyp]mkoX
Npjyx {iptXm `hXn b Ghw thZ.
BZyptemIn \np ]c ambn, hnizn\pw ]rjv T
n, AXmbXv khn\pw apIfn Dafmb
temI fn bmsXmcp tPymXnv Zo]np Xpt]mse Ccn
ppthm AXv CXmIpp. Ftm icockwkv ]iw
sImv NqSns\ Adn bppthm Atm AXv ]pcpjs
ayn encnp tPymXn ns Zit\m]mbamIpp.
Ftm C{]Imcw Isf ASnv cYtLmjw
t]msebp i_vZw t]msebpw Pzenp AnbpsS
i_vZw t]msebpw tIppthm Atm CXv AXns
{ihtWm]mb amIpp. Ans\bp Cu tPymXnns\
Zrsapw {ipXsapw IcpXn D]mkn Ww. Cs\
Bcv D]mknppthm Ah Zi\ob\mbpw hn{ipX
\mbpw Xocpp.
]Xn memw Jw
Xem\w CZw khw Jep {_C Xnimx
D]mkoX kx {IXpw IphoX AY Jep
]pcpjx {IXpabx ]pcpjx Akvantem
tI bYm{IXpx CXx t{]XyXYm`hXn.
B {_n \np P\npXpw, AXn Xs
ebnpXpw, AXn tNjvTnpXpw Bb Cu PK
smw {_s cmKtZzjmZn tZmj IqSmsX D]m
knWw. Ah Cs\bmWv, asmcp hn[ ne
Fp \nbw sNWw. Poh A[yhkmbkzcq]
\mIpp. ]pcpj Cu temIn GXp hn[ nep
A[yhkmb tmSpIqSnb h\mbncnppthm Ah Cu
tZlw acnnv An s\bmbnocpp.
at\mabx {]mWicotcm `mcp]x k
Xykev] BImimm khIm
khImamx khKx khckx
khanZa`ymtm fhmIy \mZw Gja
Bm flrZtb fWobm {hotlm
bhm Zzm k]mZzm imamImZzm iymam
IXpemZzm; Gja Bm f
lrZtb Pymbm ]rYnhy Pymbm\n
cnmymb Znthm Pym bmt\
t`ym temtI`yx
lrZb]pcoI a[yn ep, Fs Cu Bmhv
at\mab\pw {]mW\mIp icoctmSpIqSnbh\pw,
ssNX \yeWamb cq]tmSp IqSn bh\pw, kXy
fmb kev ] tfmSp IqSnb h\pw, BImiw t]msebp
kzcq]tmSp IqSnb h\pw, kheP KpamIp I
tmSpIqSnbh\pw tZmjc lnX fmb, Fm Imatfm
SpIqSnbh\pw, kpJIcfmb Fm K tfmSpIqSn
bh\pw, kzmZpfmb Fm cktfmSpw IqSnbh\pw
Cu PKns\ Fmw A`nhym]nncnp h\pw, hmv {Zn
banmh\pw, kw{`aanmh\pw BIpp. Ah
{holnsb mfpw bhsmfpw ISpIns\mfpw Nma
sb mfpw, Nmab cn sb mfpw AWpXc \mIpp! lrZb
a ynep Fs Cu Bmhv ]rYn hnsbm al
c\mIpp; Acotm alc\mIpp;
tZymhn t\ m al c \mIpp. Cu temIsf m
al c \mIpp.
khIm khImax khKx
khckx khanZa`ymtm fhmIy
\mZc Gja Bm flrZb
GXZv {_ss XanXx t{]Xym`n
kw`hnXmkvaoXn bky kym Zm \
hnNnInm fkvXnXn lkvam ffl im
neyx imneyx
lrZ b a y n ep Fs Cu Bmhv kh
Imhpw khIma\pw khK\pw khc k\pw, Cu
PKns\ Fmw A`n hym]nn cnp h\pw, hmn m
h\pw kw{`aan mh\pw BIpp. CXp {_ amIp
p. Cu tZl n \nv hnp t]mbnv Rm Bmhm
bnocpw. CXv \n b amWv . CXv Bv kXyambn Dm
bncnppthm, kwibw Dmbn cn pn tbm Ah
AXpt]mseXs Cuizc `mhs {]m]npw. Cs\
imney F Ejn ]dncnpp.
]Xn \mw Jw
AcotmZcx tImtim `qan_pvt\m
\ PoXn, Zntim lyky{ktbm
Zyuctkymcw hnew; k Gj tImi
h kp[m\ kvXkvan hnizanZw {inXw.
I K
N P
219
A coamIp DZc tmSp IqSnb Xpw, `qanbmIp
aqetmSp IqSnb Xpw, Bb `mcsn \in pn.
Cu tImins tImW ZnpIfmIpp. CXns
apIfnes kpjncw tZymhmIpp. Cns\bp Cu
tImiw [\w hbvpXmIpp. BtImin\pn,
{]mWn IfpsS I^ esamw nXn sNpp.
Xky {]mNoZnKv Pqlqma klam\ \ma
ZnWm, cmn, \ma {]XoNo, kp`qXm
\mtam ZoNn; Xmwtkm hmbphwx, kb
GXtahw hmbpw Znimw hw thZ \
]p{Xtcm Zw tcmZnXn; tkm flta Xtahw
hmbpw Znimw hw thZ; am ]p{X tcmZw cpZw
B tImins Ingt Znv Pqlp Fp t]cp
XmIpp. sXt Znv kl am\, Fp t]cpXmIp
p. ]SnmsdZnv cmPn Fp t]cp XmIpp. hSt
Znv kp`qX Fp t]cp XmIpp. hmbp BZnpIfpsS
hkvX \mIpp. Cu hmbphns\ ZnpIfpsS h\mbn
]p{X\v ZoLPohn X am{KlnpXmbn Bc dn bppthm
Ah ]p{X \nanap tcmZ\w tcmZnbn. As\
]p{X\p ZoLPohnXannp Rm Cu hmbphns\
ZnpIfpsS hkv Xs\v Adnbpp. Rm]p{X \nan
ap tcmZ\wsImp tcmZn cpXv .
Acnw tImiw {]]tZy ap\m
fap\m fap\m, {]mWw {]]tZyf
ap\m fap\m fap\m, `qx {]]tZy
fap\m fap\m fap\m, `qhx {]]tZy fap\m
fap\m fap\m, kzx {]]tZy fap\m
fap\m fap\m
]p{X\v ZoLmbpv B{Klnph, ss{Xtem
Iys Hcp `mcs nbmbpw {]tXyI \ma tfmSpIq
Snb AXns \mepZnpIsfbpw kv{XoIfmbn kev ]nv
B ZnpIfpambp kw_m hmbphns\, B
ZnpIfpsS acWanm h\mbn NnnWsap
Xv {]Ytam]mk\amIpp. ChnsS AXns Bv a b
amb P]s ImWnpp. ]p{Xs \mas aqp XhW
]pdbpXmWv. Aap\m, Aap\m, A ap\m FXv. Rm
C ]p{X\v ZoLmbppmIphm thn, \mianm
tImis icWw {]m]npp. Cu ]p{X\pthn
{]mWs\ icWw {]m]npp. Cu ]p{X\pthn `qtem
Is icWw {]m]npp. Cu ]p{X \pthn kztem
Is icWw {]m]npp. FmbnSpw ap{ap\ \maw
aqp XhW ]dbpp.
k bZ thmNw {]mWw {]]Zy CXn,
{]mtWm hm CZw khw `qXw
bZnZw Inw N Xtah XXv {]m]n.
Cu PKmbncnpXv GsXmtam As\bp
Cu `qXsamw {]mW BIpp. AXn\m {]mW {]]tZy
Fv hmhmb Rm ]dXp GtXm AXpsImv B
{]mWs\s Rm icWw {]m]nncnpp.
AY bZthmNw `qx {]]Zy CXn, ]rYnhow
{]]tZy fcow {]]tZy Znhw {]]
tZy CtXyh XZ thmNw
`qx {]]tZy Fv Rm ]dtXtXm AXpsImv
]rYnhnsb Rm icWw {]m]npp. Acos
icWw {]m]npp Fpw tZymhns\ icWw {]m]n
pp Fpw Xs BWv Rm ]d Xv.
AY bZ thmNw `phx {]]Zy CXynw {]]tZy
hmbpw {]]Zy BZnXyw {]]Zy CtXyh
XZ thmNw.
]ns `qhx {]]tZy Fv Rm ]dtXtXm AXp
sImv Ansb icWw {]m]npp Fpw hmbphns\
icWw {]m]npp Fpw, BZnXys\ icWw {]m]n
pp Fpw Xs bmWv Rm ]d Xv.
AY bZthmNw kzx {]]Zy CXyr tKzZw
{]]tZy bPqthZw {]]tZy kmathZw
{]]Zy CtXyh XZthmNw
""kzx {]]tZy'' Fv Rm ]d tXtXm AXpsImv
""EtKzZs'' Rm icWw {]]npp. ""bPqthZs''
Rm icWw {]m]npp. ""kmathZs'' Rm icWw
{]m]npp. Rm ]dXv CXmWv .
]Xn \mdmw Jw
]p{Xs Bbpn\pthnbp D]mk\hpw P]hp
amWv CXphsc ]dXv. C\n X\np Xs ZoLPohn
Xn\pthn bp D]mk\bpw P]hpw ]dbpp. Pohn
ncpmet ]p{X apXemb ^e A\p`hn m
Ignbq.
]pcptjm hmh bx Xky bm\n
NXphnwiXn
hjmWn XXv {]mXx kh\w NXp
hnwiXy cm Kmb{Xo, Kmb{Xw,
{]mXx kh\w, XZky hkthm \zm
bmx {]mWm hmh hkh GtX
loZw khw hmkbn
]pcpj Xs bamIpp. Ahs BZys
Ccp]n\mep hj GXmtWm AXv {]mXx kh\
amIpp. Kmb{Xn Ccp]n\mec ap XmIpp. {]mXx
I K
N P
220
kh\w Kmb{Xn O mbnp XmWv . Cu ]pcpj\mIp
b ns B{]mXx kh\s hkp A\pKXcm
bncnpp. hkp {]mW Xs bmWv. Cu {]mW
CXns\ Fmw hknnpp.
Xw tNtZXkvan hbkn Inw NnZp]Xv
t]Xv, k{_qbmXv {]mWm hkh CZw
ta {]mXx kh\w am[yw Zn\w kh\
a\pkw X\ptXXn; am f lw {]mWm\w
hkq\mw aty btm hntem]vkotbXn;
Dss hXX GXyKtZm l `hXn.
bambn kmZns ncnp B ]pcpjs\
{]mXx kh\ ambn k ambncnp hb n ac Wi
mImc Wamb hym[n apXemb Fsnepw D]X ]n bm
sWn, bkw]mZn bmb ]pcp j P]n Ww.
Atbm {]mWfmIp hkpsf CXv Fs {]mXx
kh\amIpp. am[yw Zn\amb kh\s A\pkm\w
sNphn. bamb Rm {]mWfmIp hkp
fpsS \Sphn hv hntem]n cpXv. B D]Xm]n \nv
DZv Kan pp. tcmKhnap\mbn ocpp. CXv Xobm
Wv.
AYbm\n NXpkvOXzmcnw iZzjmWn, X
m[yw Zn\w kh\w; NXpXzmcnwi
Zcm{Xnp]v; ss{Xp` am[yw
Zn\w kh\w; XZky cp{Zm A\zmbmx,
{]mWm hmh cp{Zmx, GtX lnZw
khw tcmZbn.
\mev]Xp hj Ghtbm AXv a[yw Zn\ amb kh
\ amIpp. {Xnnv F Ov \mev]n\mec ap
XmIpp. Cu ]pcpjbns kh\s cp{Zm
A\pKXcmbncnpp. cp{Zm {]mW XsbmWv .
Cu {]mW Cu {]mWnPmXs Ic bnpp.
Xw tNZkvan hbkn InwNn`p]Xt]Xv
k{_qbmXv: {]mWm cp{Zm CZw ta
amyw Zn\w kh\w XrXob kh\
a\pkw X\ptXXn, am flw {]mWm\mw
cp{ZmWmw at[y btm hntem]vko
tbXn; Dssh XX GXyKtZm
l `hXn.
bambn kmZn s ncnp ]pcpjs\ ayw
Zn\ kh\Imen, hym[n apXemb Fsnepw D]X
]nn bmsWn Ah P]nWw. {]mW emIp
cp{Zmsc CXv Fs am[ywZn\amb kh\amIpp. XrXob
kh\s A\pk]nq. bamb Rm {]mW
fmIp cp{ZmcpsS a[yn hv hntem]ncpXv .
AXn\nv, B D]Xm]n \nv Dbcpp. AKZ\m
bn ocpp. CXv XobmWv.
AYbm\ym NXzmcnwi ZzjmWn XXv
XrXob kh\w AmNXzmcnwi Z
cm PKXo; PmKXw XrXob kh\w;
XZky ffZnXym A\zmbmx {]mWm
hmh ffZnXym GtX loZw khamZZtX.
\mev]sp hj GXmtWm AXv XrXob kh
\amIpp. PKXn F Ov \mev]sc ap aqm
as kh\w PKXnsb kw_nXmWv. Cu ]pcpjb
ns B XrXob kh\w BZnXym A\pKXcmbn
cnpp. BZnXym {]mW XsbmWv. Fsm
Cu {]mW CXns\ Fmw BZm\w sNpp.
Xw tNtZXkvan hbkn Inw NnZp]
Xt]Xv k {_qbmXv: {]mWm B
ZnXym CZw ta XrXob kh\ambpc
\p kw X\ptXXn. am flw {]mWm\m
amZnXym \mw at[y btm hntem]vko
tbXn; Dssh XX GXyKtZm l `hXn.
B ]pcpjs\ HSphnes \mev]sphjn
hym[n apXemb Fsnepw D]X]nnbmsWn
Ah P]n Ww. {]mW fmIp BZn Xymsc Fs
Cu aqmas kh\ amIp Bbp apgph\mq.
bamb Rm {]mW fmIp BZnXymcpsS a[y
nhv hntem]n cpXv. Ah B D]Xm]n \nv
Dbcpp. Ah tcmKhn ap\mbnocpp.
GX kva XZznZzm\ml alnZmk
sFX tcbx, k Inw a GXZp]
X]kn tbm fla t\\ \ t{]jym
aoXn; kltjmUiw hj iXa
PohXv; {]ml, tjmUiw hjiXw
PohXn b Ghw thZ
Ans\bp Cu bZi\s Adnnp
CXcbpsS ]p{X\mb alnZmk ]dp: Rm \o
sNp D]Xm]wsImv acnbn. Ans\bp
F\nv \o Fn\p D]{Zhw Dmpp. alnZmk \qn
Xn\mdphjw Pohnp. C{]Imcw bkw]mZ\s Adn
bp ap h\pw Cns\ \qnXn\mdp hjw Pohnp w.
]Xn t\gmw Jw
k bZ iojXn bXv ]n]mkXn b
catX Xm Bky Zomx
I K
N P
221
B ]pcpj Ainphm\nnpp FtXtXm,
]m\w sNbzm\n n pp FtXtXm, can mXncnp
tX tXm, Ah Chs ZobmIpp.
AY bZiv\mXn bXv ]n_Xo
b{ZatX XZp]k ssZtcXn
AinpXp bmsXmmtWm canpXv bmsXmm
tWm AXv D]kp tfmSv kam\X {]m]npp.
AY bkXn bXn bssYp
\w NcXn kvXpX ikv{X tch XtZXn.
lknpXp bmsXmtm, `npXv bmsXmtm
ssaYp\w sNpXv bmsXmtm AXv kv XpX ikv{X
tfmSp kmayw {]m]npp.
AYbXv Xt]mZm\ amPhalnwkm
kXyhN\ anXnXm Aky ZnWmx
X]v , Zm\w, EPqXzw, Alnwk, kXyw ]dbpI, Fp
tXtXm Ah Cu ]pcpjb ns ZnWI
fm Ipp.
XkvamZmlqx tkmjyXytkmtXn; ]p
\cp ]mZ\ tahm kyXXv; acWtahm ]ZrYx
AXpsImp khnpw Fpw khnp Fp ]dbp
p. AXv Cu ]pcpjb ns ]p\ cp]mZ\w Xs
bmIpp. acWw Xs b]cnkam]v Xn bmIpp.
XssXZv tLmc Bv Knckx
IrjvWmb tZhIo ]p{Xmtbm tzm
hmN; A]n]mk Gh k _`qhm;
tkm fthembmta XXv{Xbw {]Xn]tZy
X: AnXakyNypXakn {]mWkwin
XakoXn; Xss{XtX tZz ENu `hXx
Cu bZi\s Av Kncns tKm{Xn
ep tLmc tZhIo]p{X\mb Irjv W\v ]dpsImSp
n pv. IrjvW ]n]mk Cmh\mbn `hn p. C{]
Imcap bw Adnbph acWImen Cu
aqp a{hpw P]nWw: \o AnXw BIpp. \o
kzcq]n\p \mianm XmIpp. \o {]mW\pw kqva
XzhpamIpp. Cu An Xmsgdbp cv
EpI Dv.
BZnXv {]Xv\ky tcXkx ]iyn
hmkcw ]tcm bZn[ytXZnhn
{]Xv\amb PKZv_oPns ]It]msebp tPymXn
ns\ {_hnpI FmbnSpw ImWpp. B
tPymXnv ]cambn tZymX\ ap ]c{_n {]Imin
pp.
DZzbw Xakkv]cntPymXnx ]iyD
cw kzx ]iy Dcw tZhw
tZh{Xm kqcyaK tPymXncpa
anXn tPymXncpaan Xn.
Am\ e Wamb Xan\pdw, BZn Xy\n
nXnsNp, tPymXn ns\ IpsImv ap tPymXn
pIsf Dt]nv DIrXcamb \psS lrZb n
ep tPymXnns\ IpsImv Fm tZhmcnepw
tZh\pw tPymXnpIfn hpa \pamb kqcys\ \mw
{]m]n n cnpp.
]Xn s\mw Jw
at\m {_t Xyp]mkosX Xy[ymw
AYm\n ssZhX amImtim {_tXn
D`bamZnw `hXy[ymw Nm[n ssZhaXw
a\v {_amIpp. Fp IcpXn D]mknWw. B
hnjb Iamb Zi\w, tZhXmhnjb amb Zi\w, ]dbm
t]mIpp. BImiw {_ amIpp Fp hnNmcnv D]m
kn Ww. C{]Imcw A[ymhpw A[nssZhXhpw cpw
D]tZin s ncnpp.
XtZX Xpjv]mZv {_, hmIv ,
]mZx {]mWx ]mZpx ]mZx
t{im{Xw ]mZ CXy[ymw AYm[n
ssZhXw: Anx ]mtZm hmbpx ]m
Z, BZnXyx ]mtZm Znix ]mZ CXyp
`btahm ffZnw `hXy [ymw ssN
hm[n ssZhXw N.
Ans\bp Cu {_w \mep]mZtfmSpIqSnb Xm
Ipp. Cu ]mZw hmmhpp. Hcp ]mZw {]mW\mIpp.
Hcp ]mZw NpmIpp. Hcp ]mZw t{im{XamIpp. C\n
A[nssZhXw ]dbm t]mIpp. Hcp ]mZw AnbmIp
p. Hcp ]mZw hmbphmIpp. Hcp ]mZw BZnXy\mIpp.
Hcp ]mZw ZnpIfmIpp. Cns\ A[ymhpw A[n
ssZhXhpw cp hn[nepw NXpjv]mmb {_t
D]tZin pp.
hmtKh {_W Xp ]mZ
tkm fn\m tPymXnjm `mXn N
Xh\n N `mXn N X]XnN Io
ym bikm {_htk \b
Ghw thZ.
a\mIp {_ ns \memas ]mZw hmpX
sbmIpp. B ]mZw An bmIp tPymXn psImv
I K
N P
222
{]IminpIbpw Xm]s DmpIbpw sNpp. C{]
Imcw Bcv Adnbppthm Ah IonsImpw bi
psImpw {_ h kw sImpw Zo]nbpw X]np
Ibpw sNpp.
{]mW Gh {_WXpx ]mZx
khmbp\m tPymXn `mXnN X]XnN,
`mXnN, X]XnN Ioym bikm
{_ h k\ b Ghw thZ
a\mIp {_ns \mep ]mZ fn Hv {]mW
\mIpp. B hmZw hmbphmIp tPymXn psImv Zo]n
bpw X]nbpw sNpp. C{]Imcw Bcp Adnbp
pthm Ah Ion sImpw, bipsImpw {_
hkwsImpw, Zo]npIbpw X]npIbpw sNpp.
Nptch {_WXpx ]mZx
k BZntXy\ tPymXnjm `mXnN
X]Xn N; `mXn N X]Xn N
Ioym bikm {_ htk\b
Ghw thZ.
{_ ns \mep]mZ fn Hv NpmIpp. B
]mZw BZnXy\mIp tPymXnpsImv Zo]nbpw X]n
bpw sNpp.
t{im{X tah {_WXpx ]mZx, kZn
KvZn tPym Xnjm `mXn N X]Xn N; `mXn
N ]X]n N Ioymbim {_h
tk\ b Ghw thZ.
a\mIp {_ns \mep]mZ fn Hv t{im{X
amIpp. B ]mZw ZnpIfmIp tPymXn psImv Zo]n
bpw X]nbpw sNpp. C{]Imcw Bcp Adnbp
pthm Ah IonsImpw bipsImpw {_
hckw sImpw Zo]nbpw X]nbpw sNpp.
hnZym^ew FmbnSpw XpeyamIpp. AZr^ew
{_ kw]n bmWv.
]sm]Xmw Jw
BZntXym {_tXym tZix
Xtkym] hymJym\wx
Ak tZth Z a{K AkoXv; XXv kZmkoXv;
XXv ka`hXv; XZmw \nc hX;
XXv kwh kcky am{XmaibX; Xn
c`nZyX; X BI ]mte cPXw
N kphw Nm`hXmw.
BZnXy {_ amIpp Fv D]tZinpp. B BZn
Xys\ D]hymJym\w sNpp. CuPKsmw D]
np ap]v Akpt]mse Xs Bbncpp. AXv
kmbnop. AXp kw`hnp. AXv Aambn
op. B Aw Hcp kwhctmfap Imew
InS p. s]mn aptmSpI cPXhpw kphhpambn
Xop.
XZy{Z PXw tkbw ]rYnhn, bXv kphw
km Zux bcmbp tX ]hXmx bZpev_w
k tatLm \olmtcm; bm [a\ bkv Xm \
tZym; bZzmkvtXb apZIw k kap{Zx
bmsXmcp I]mew cPXambnopthm AXv Cu
]rYn hn bm Ip p. bmsXmcp I]mew kphm bn
opthm AXv tZymhmIpp. K`ns peamb
BhcWtatXm AXp ]hX embnop. Dev_sap
]dbp K`th tatXm AXv taL tfmSpIqSnb am
bn op. K` ns tZl n ep Rc p I
GXmtWm Ah \ZnIfmbnop. K`ns hkvXn
bnep Pew GtXm AXv kap{Zambn op.
AY bXv XZ PmbX tkmfkmhmZnXy,
kvXw Pmbam\w tLmjm DepJthm
\qZXnjvT khmWn N `qXm\n kthN
Imamx, XkvamtkymZbw {]Xn {]Xym
b\w {]XntLmjm Deqthm fnjvT
n khmWn `qXm\n kthN Imamx
B An GsXmmtWm P\nXv AXv B BZn
Xy\mIpp. P\np Ahs ]nmse henb i_vZ
tmSpIqSnb tLmjfpw Fm `qXfpw Fm Ima
fpw Dm\w sNbvXp. AXn\m B BZnXys DZbw
\nanambpw Akvabw \nanambpw hopw hop
ap {]XymKa\w \nanambpw Deqefmb tLmj
fpw Fm `qXepw Fm Imafpw Am\w
sNpp.
k b GXtahw hnZzm\mZnXyw {_t
Xyp]mkvtX f`ymtim l btZ\w km[thm
tLmjm BNKtbp cq]N\n t{atUc
\nt{atUc
C{]Imcw Adnp Cu BZnXys\ {_saphv
Bcv D]mkn ppthm, Chs\ \ntmj fmb tLmj
BKanbpw kpJnnbpw sNpw. CXv io{Lw
kw`hnpw.
I K
N P
223
\mema ymbw
Hmw Jw
hmbphpw {]mW\pw kmm {_sa \nebn
D]mkyemsWv hn[np Xn\mbn D c{Kw Bcw
`n pp. IYmhnjb {KlWw Ffp amp Xn\pw hnZy
\Ip Xn\pw {Kln pXn\pap hn[n ImWnpp.
{i, A Zm\w, A\p XXzw apX embh IqSn hnZym{]m
]vXnkm[\ fmWv Cu Aymbn ]dbpp.
Hmw PmK{ipXnl ]u{XmbWx {im tZ
tbm _lpZmbo _lphmIy Bk, k, l
khX Bhm am]bmw Nt{I, k
hX Gh tafyoXn
{itbmSpIqSn sImSpph\pw, hfscsImSpp
hpw hfsc Aw ]mIw sNbvI FXv Xs Krl
neph\pambn ]p{Xs ]u{X\mb P\{ipXs
A]Xyw Dmbncpp. ]u{XmbW\mb Pm\ {ipXn Fm
bnSpw hmk`h\ sf Dmnp. FmbnSpw
Fs Aw \evIpw F bm ]dp.
AY l lwkm \nimbmaXn t]Xpx
Xssh lw tkm lwka`yphmZ
tlm tlmbn! `m! Pm\{iptXx
]u{XmbWky kaw Znhm tPymXncm
XXw, Xm {]kmvo kvXzm
am {][mocnXn.
Ans\bncnptm Hcn cm{Xnbn lwk
cmPm hn \p ImW hw IS p t]m bn.
Atms B Iqn Hcp lwkw asmcp lwk
tmSv ]dp. Atbm `mm!, `mm!, ]u{Xmb W
\mb Pm\ {ipXn bpsS tPymXnv, tZymhnt\mSv Xpeyambn
hym]vXambn cnpp. B tPymXnns\ {]kn cpXv.
B tPymXnv \ns Zlnn pw.
Xapl ]cx {]XyphmNx Iazc G\
taXXv kw k bpKzm\ anhssc
Izamt Xntbm\p IYw kbpKzm sscIz
CXn.
Ans\ ]d lwktmSv at lwkw adp]Sn
]dp: FtSm Cu PmK{ipXnp Fp amlmyap Xn
\memWv iIStmSpIqSnb sscIzs\ Ft]mse \o
Cns\ ]dbpXv . kmbpKzmhmb sscIz Fp ]d
bpXv Fns\ bp h\mWv Fv BZyw ]d lwkw
tNmZnp.
bYm IrXmb hnPnXm bm[tcbmx kwb
tyh ta\w khw X``n ktaXn, bXv
InwN {]Pmx km[p Iphn, bkv XtZz
Z bXv k thZ k a ssb XZp CXn.
GXp {]Imc amtWm NqXn \mev Aw sImp Pbn
h\v , AXn \pXmsgbpt{XX, Zzm]cw, Ien Fp
t]cp aqpw, cpw, Hpw A A`hn p
Xv A{]Imcw {]PI Fsmw km[phmbnpXp
sNppthm AsXmw Cu sscIz\n A`hnpp.
B sscIz Fns\ Adnbppthm, AXns\ Bcp Adn
bppthm Ah C{]Imcw Adnbpp.
XZpl Pm\{ipXnx ]u{XmbW D]
iq{imh; k l kwPn lm\ Gh
mc aphmN: Av Kmtc lk
bpKzm\anh sscIz amtXn, tbm\p
IYw kbpKzm sscIz CXn. bYm IrXm
b hnPnXmbm[tcbmx kwbtyhta
\w khw X Z`n ktaXn bXv Inw N
{]Pmx km[p Ihn; bkv X tZzZ bXv
k thZ, k a ssbXZp CXn.
B lwkfpsS hN\s ]u{XmbW\mb Pm\
{ipXn D]{ihnp. Ah ib\s hnSp AhkcX
Xns mhnt\mSv ]dp. FtSm hm, kbp
izmhmb sscIys\ tmse ]dbppthm An kbp
izmhmb sscIzt\mSp ]dbpI Fv ]dbpp. kbpizm
hmb sscIz Fp ]dbp B Fns\bp h\mWv?
mhp tNmZnp. F{]Imcw IrXsap ]dbp Bbw
sImp t\Snb h\v Xmsg bp t{XX, Zzm]cw Ien Fo
Bb A`hnpXpt]mse F{]Imcw, {]PI
Fsmw sNptm AsXmw Cu sscIzs\ A`n kwK
anpp. Ah Fp Adnbppthm, AXns\ BcmtWm
a\n empXv Ah\pw C{]Imcw ]d bpp. P\{ipXn
]dp.
k l m f\znjy, \mhnZanXn {]
tXybmb; Xwtlm hmN: b{Xmtc!
{_mWkymt\zjWm X tZ\ atXn.
B mhv At\zjnnv Rm Adnn Fpw
]dv Xncnphp. Aht\mSp cmPmhv ]dp: FtSm
{_m Ws At\z jWw Fhn sS bmtWm AhnsS
sscIzs\ At\z jn q.
tkm f[kvXm ISky ]mam\w IjamW
apt]m ]hnthi, \ lm`yphmZx Xzw
\p `Khx kbpkzmsscIz CXn Alw
lycm3 CXn l {]Xn Pt, kl
m fhnZanXn {]tXybmb
I K
N P
224
Ah iIS ns ASn bn ]mamhns\ sNmdn p
sImncnp Hcphs ASp sNncpp. B sscIz
t\mSv ]d p. `K hm t\, kzbp izm hmb sscIz
AmtWm Rm Xs bmWv Fv sscIz ]dp. B
mhv Rm sscIzs\ Adnp Fp ]dp {]Xym
Kan p.
cmw Jw
XZpl Pm\{ipXnx ]u{XmbWx jSv
iXm\n Khmw, \njvI, aizXcocYw
X Zm Zmb {]XnN{Ita
]u{Xmb W\mb Pm\{ipXn Adp\qdp ]iptf Igp
nenSp lmctbpw, s]tImh IgpXI hen
p Hcp cY tbpw, FSppsImv sscIzs ASp
tep sNp.
Xw lm`yphmZ: ssctIzam\njSv
iXm\n Khm, abw \njvtImfb aiz
Xco ctYm f\pa GXmw `Kthm tZ
hXmw im[n, bmw tZhXm ap]m CXn.
sscIzt\mSp ]dp: Atbm sscIz CXm Adp\qdp
]ip; CXm I lmcw, CXm Aizsf ]qnb cYw.
Atbm, `Khmt\ Av GXv tZhXtb D]mknppthm
Cu tZhXsb F\nv ]dpX cq.
Xapl ]cx {]XyphmNml ltcXzm
iq{Z, Xsshh kl tKm`nc kvXznXn;
XZpl ]p\tch Pm\{ipXnx ]u{Xm
bWx kl{kw Khmw, \njvI, aizXcn
cYw, ZplnX cw, XZmZmb {]XnN{Ita
Pm\{iXntbmSv sscIz Dcw ]dp. FSm iq{Z
lmc tmSpIqSnb iInSn ]ip tfmSpIqsS \n\ pXs
Ccns. AXn \ptijw hopw ]u{XmbW\mb Pm\
{ipXn Bbncw ]ip tfbpw IWvTlmctbpw AizX
cocY tbpw Xs ]p{Xntbbpw Iqn, A[\ hpambn
sscIys ASp tep sNp.
Xw lm`yphmZ: ssctIzZw kl{kw
Khm, abw \njvtIm fba izXcoc Y,
Cbw, Pmbm fbw {Kmtam bkv anmtf
t\zham `Khx im[oXn
sscIzt\mSv ]dp Atbm sscIzm, CXm Bbncw
]ip, CXm IWvTlmcw, CXm AizXcocYw, CXm
Atp `mcy, CXm Av Ccnp {Kmaw. Atbm
`Khmt\, Fs A\pimkntW.
Xkym l apJ apt]mZv KrlvWp hmN:
BPlmtcamx iq{Zm t\ ss\h aptJ\m
ffem]bnjyYm CXn tX ssltX ssc
Iz ]m \ma almhrtjjp b{Xmkvam
Dhmk Xkvssa tlmhmN
B cmP ]p{Xn sb X s, hnZymZm\ n\p Zzmc sav
AdnpsImv sscIz ]dp. Atbm iq{Zm, Cu
]iptfbpw apw \o sImphtm \mbn. Cu apJw
sImpXs Fs smp \o ]dbnpp. Ans\
bp Cu {Kma, almhr Fp ]dbp tZi
sscIzh Fp {]kn fmIpp. B {Kma
fn sscIz hknn cpp. B {Kma sscIz\v
cmPmhp sImSp XmWv. Cs\ [\w sImSp cmPmhn\v
sscIz hnZysb ]dpsImSpp.
aqmw Jw
hmbphmh kwhx bZm hm AncpZzmbXn
hmbptahm t]yXn; bZm kqtm fkv XtaXn,
hmbptahm t]yXn; bZm Nt{m fkv XtaXn,
hmbptahm t]yXn
_mlyamb hmbp kw{Kl Wkz`mhapXmIpp.
An Ftm DZzmks {]m]nppthm Atm hmbp
hns kz`mhw {]m]npp. kqcy Ftm AkvXan
ppthm Atm hmbphnXs ebn pp. N{
Ftm AkvXanppthm Atm hmbphns
ebn pp.
bZmf] DNviqjyn hmbptahm]n
bn; hmbptly ssh Xm khm
kw]rvt CXym[n ssZhXw
Ap I Ftm hp pthm Atm hmbp
hns ebnpp. hmbp An apXemb hsb
Fmw kw{Kknpp. Cs\ tZhXIfnep kwh
Zi\w DmIpp.
AYm[ymw: {]mtWm hmh kwhx
k bZm kz]nXn {]mWtah hmKt]yXn;
{]mWw Npx {]mWw t{im{Xw, {]mWw
a\x, {]mtWm tlyssh Xm khm
kw hrv CXn.
C\n B hn jbIamb kwhZi\w ]dbphm
t]mIpp. apJy{]mW kwhamIpp. ]pcpj
Ftm Dd ppthm Atm hmv{Znbw {]mW\n
ebnpp. {]mW hmKmZn Isf Fmw kw{Kknpp.
I K
N P
225
Xu hm GXu Zzu kwhu hmbp
tch tZthjp, {]mWx {]mtWjvT.
An s\ bph Ch cpw Xs bmWv . P\KpWap
h tZhmcn hmbpXs, hmKmZnIfmb {]mW fn
apJy {]mW\mIpp.
AY l iu\Iw N Imt]b, a`n
{]XmcoWw N Imtk \nw ]cn
hnjyamWu {_Nmco _n`nt;
Xkvam Dl\ ZZXpw.
C\n Hcp sFXnlyapXp ]dbmw. ]cnthjWw sN
s Sp hcmb I]ntKm{XPX\mb ip\ I]p{Xt\mSpw I
tk\s A]Xyamb A`n {]Xmcn tbmSpw Hcp {_Nmcn
`n tNmZnp Ahv `n sImSpn .
ktlmhmN: alm \ Xptcm tZh
GIx Ix k PKmc `qh\ky tKm]mx
Xw Imt] b \m`n ]iyn aym A
`n{]Xmcn _lp[m hkw; b
kvssa hm GXZw, Xkvam G XZanXn.
B {_Nmcn ]dp: \mep almmsf `qh\
ns cnXmhmb B {]Pm]XnbmIp Hcp tZh
{Kknp. Atbm Imt]bm, A`n {]mXmcn, ]e {]Imc
n hknp B {]Pm]Xnsb aymm Adn bp
n. Cu Aw Bmbnp XmtWm Ah\v sImSpp
n.
XZpl iu\Ix Iwt]bx {]Xna\zm
\x {]tXybmb; BmtZhm\mw
P\nXm {]Pm\mw lncWyZwm
_`tkm f\kpcn lmakyaln
am\amlpx, A\Zyamt\m bZ\a
oXn sshhbw {_NmcntZ.
ap]mkvatl, Zmkvssa`nmanXn
B {_ NmcnbpsS hN\w BtemNnpsImv Imt]
b \mb iu\ I {_NmcnbpsS ASp hp ]dp:
Ah mhcPwKafpsS Bmhpw AymZnIfp
tSbpw {]P IfptSbpw P\ bn Xmhpw, Hcnepw \inm
Zw ItfmSp IqSn bh\pw, `Wioe\pw ta[mhn Bbn
ph\pw BIpp. Xm A\ycm `nsSmsX
Aam Anhmv apX emb Xns\ A`nhZnpp
Fp Xn\m, Ahs alnamhns\ al sp ]dbp
p. Atbm {_Nmcn \mw tad ey tfmSp
IqSnb {_s FmbnSpw D]mknpp. Cu {_
Nmcnv `n sImSpq.
Xkvam D l `Zpx tXhm GtX ]
mt\y, ]mt\y, ZikkvXXv
IrXw `hXn, XkvamXv khmkp Zn
ztah Zi IrXw, sskjm hn
cmkmZo, XtbZw khw Zrw, kh
atkyZw Zrw `hXymtZm `hXn
b Ghw thZb Ghw thZ.
B {_ Nmcnv `rXym `nsImSpp. A s\
bp Cu Av thsd, Av thsd BsI ]mbnv
app ]d IrX amhpp. AXn\m Fm ZnpIfnepw
IrXamb AymZn ZiIw AamIpp. As\bp
Cu hncmZv AmZn\n bmIpp. B hncmn\m Cu PK
smw ImWpp. C{]Imcw Bcp Adnbptm, Ah\v
Cu PKsmw Zr ambnocpp. Ah AmZ\mbn
Xocpp.
\memw Jw
kXy Imtaml Pm_mtem, P_memw
amXc ama{bmw Nt{I: {_Ncyw
`hXn, hnhyman, Inw tKmt{Xm \z
lakvan? CXn.
Pm_mebpsS ]p{X\mb kXyImas\ Hcph Xs
amXmhmb Pm_metbmSv bm{X ]dp. Atbm `hXn
Rm {_Ncyw BNcnphm t]mIpp. Rm GXp
tKm{Xmc \msWp ]dmepw.
km ssl\aphmN: \mltaXZv thZ
XmX, bZv tKm{XkvXzakn;_lzlw
]cnNcn ]cnNmcnWo buht\
Xzmae t`m km flta XthZbZv
tKm{X kvXzakn; P_mem Xp \mam l
akvan, kXyImtam \ma Xzakn; k
kXy Ima Gh Pm_mtem {_phoYmx
CXn
B P_me kXyImat\mSv ]dp: FtSm, \o GXp
tKm{Xmc \mWpXv F\ndnp IqSm, Rm hfsc
]cn N cn p sImv ]cn W in e bm bn cp p. bu \
ns \ns e`np. As\bp F\np \o
GXp tKm{Xneph\msWv Adnbm km[yan.
Fm Rm P_me Fp t]cp hfmIpp. \o kXy
Ima Fp t]cp h\mIpp. As\ bp \o P_m
ebpsS ]p{X \mb kXyIma\mWp BNmcyt\mSp ]d
bWw.
I K
N P
226
k l lmcn{ZpaXw KuXatatXymhmN:
{_Ncyw `KhXn hymaypt]bw `hX
an Xn.
B kXyIma lcn{Zphs ]p{X\mb KuXas ASp
psNp ]dp: `Khmt\ A bpsS ASp {_
Ncyambn hknWsap Rm\m{Klnpp. `Khms\
injys\ p \nebn F\nv D]Kan Ww.
Xw tlm hmN: Inw tKm{Xm\p tkymaym
koXn; k tlmhmN: \m ltaXZv
thZ t`m bZv tKmt{Xm fl akvan, A]r
w amXcw, kmam {]Xy{_hoXv {_
lzlw Nco ]cnNmcnWo buht\
Xzm aet`; km flta X thZ bZv
tKm{X kvXzakn; Pq_me Xp \maml
akvan, kXyImtam \ma XzakoXn, tkm
flw kXy Imtam Pm_mtem fkvant`mx
CXn.
B kXyImat\mSv BNmcy tNmZnp: Atbm ku
aym, \o GXp tKm{Xmc\mWv? kXyIma ]dp. Rm
GXp tKm{Xmc\msWv F\n dnpIqSm. Rm A
tbmSp tNmZnp. A ]dp: Rm hfsc ]cnNcnp
sImv ]cnNcWioebmbncpp. buh\n \ns e`n
p. As\bp Rm \o GXp tKm{X mc \msWv
AdnbpIbn . Fm Rm Pm_me Fp t]cph
fmWv . \o kXyhm Fp t]cp h\pamIpp. Atbm
`Khm, As\bp Rm Pm_mebpsS ]p{X\mb
kXyIma\mIpp.
Xw tlmhmN: ss\XZ {_mtWm hn
thp alXn, kan[w tkmaym fflc,
D]Xzm t\tjy, \ kXymZKmx CXn.
Xap]\ob Irim\m a _em\w NXpxi
Xm Km \ncmIrtXym hm tNamx tkm
aym\p kw{htPXn Xm A`n{]m]b
p hmNm \mklt{kWm ffht tbXn
k l hj KWw t{]mhmk, XmbZm
kl{kw kw t] Zpx
B kXyImat\mSv KuXa ]dp: Cu hN\s
{_m W\ mh ]dbphm \ymb an. Atbm
kuaym, NaXsImp hcq. \ns Rm D]\bn mw.
kXyn \nv \o sXnbnn. Ahs\ D]\bnnv Iri
fpw A_eIfpamb \m\qdp ]ipsf ]ipqn
\np thXncnp\nnbnv ]dp: Atbm kuay Cu
tKmsf A\pKan pI. B tKmsf Imn tep bm{X
bmn sImp kXyIma ]dp: Bbncw XnIbmsX
Rm Xncnp hcnIbn. B kXyIma hfsc hj
Ign bpXphsc Kpcp kn[nbn hcmsX Imn Xs
Ign p. Atm B ]ip Bbnc ambnop.
Amw Jw
AY ssl\ arjt`m f`yphmZ kXyIm
a3 CXn, `Kh CXnl {]Xnip
{imh; {]m]vXmx tkmay, kl{kw
kvax {]m]b \ BNmcyIpew
]ns kXyImas\ Hcp Imf hnfnp. kXyIma `K
hms\ kXyIma hnfn tIp. Atbm kuaym, R
Bbncw F kwJy {]m]nncnpp. Rsf BNmcy
Ipen sImp sNp hnSq.
{_W tX ]mZw {_hmWoXn;
{_hoXpta `Khm\nXn, Xkvssatlm
hmN: {]mNn ZnIvIem, {]XoNo
Znem, ZnWmZnIv ItemZo
NoZnIv Iem, Gjssh tkmay,
NXpjvIex ]mtZm {_Wx {]Imihm \ma.
\n\v {_ ns \men semcp `mKw ]dpXc t.
B Ej`w XpSp tNmZnp. `Kh F\np ]dp
Xmepw kXyIma ]dp. Ah ]dp: Ingt
Znv {_sa ]mZns \mensemmIpp. ]Sn
msd Znv Hcp IebmIpp. sXt Znv Hcp Iebm
Ipp. hSt Znv Hcp IebmIpp. Atbm kuaym,
\mep IeItfmSp IqSn b, {_ ns Cu ]mZw {]Imi
hm Fp t]cp XmIpp.
k b GXtZhw hnZzmwXpjvIew ]mZw
{_Wx {]Imihm\nXyp ]mkvtX, {]
Imihm\kvan temtI `hXn, {]Im
ihtXm l temImRv PbXn, b GX
tahw hnZzmXpjvIew ]mZw {_Wx
{]Imi hm\nXyp]mkv tX
Cs\ AdnpsImv Cu \mepIeItfmSp IqSnb
{_ ns ]mZw {]Imihm F KpWtmSpIqSn
Bcv D]mknppthm, Ah Cu temIn {]hnJym
X\mbnocpw. C{]ImcadnpsImv \mep IeItfmSp
IqSnb Cu {_ns ]mZs {]Imihm Fphv
Bcv D]mkn ppthm, Ah {]Imiap temI
{]m]npw.
I K
N P
227
Bdmw Jw
Ant ]mZw htXn k l tizm
`qtX Km A `n{]mhbmw NImc;
Xm b{Xm Znkmbw _`qhp kvX{XmKm\n
ap]kam[mb Km D]cp[y kao[am\mb
]mZtx {]mpt]m]hnthi.
An \n\v {_ns Hcp ]mZw ]dpXcpw
Fp ]dv Ej`w \ndpn. kXyIma ]nt Znhkw
]ip sfsImv BNmcyIpentep Xncnp. B ]ip
kybmbtm GXp tZip sNpthm, AhnsS
Xo Iqn, ]ipsf Fmw XSpp \nn, kanZm[\w
sNbvXv AnbpsS ]ndIn Ingtmp apJ ambn Ccpp.
Xan c`yphmZ kXyIma3 CXn
`Kh CXn l {]Xn ip{imh
kXyImat\mSv An kXyImam Fp hnfnp. `K
hmt\ kXyIma hnfn tIp.
{_Wx tkmay, tX ]mZw {_hmWoXn;
{_hoXpta `Khm\nXn, Xkvssa tlmhm
N:]rYnho Iemcow Iem, Zyux
Iem kap{Zx Iem, Gj ssh tkmay,
NXpjvIex ]mtZm {_tWm fhm \ma3
Atbm kuaym, \n\v {_ns ]mZs Rm
]dpX cs An ]dp. `Kh F\np ]dpX
mepw Fv kXyIma Dcw ]dp. Ah\v An]
dpsImSpp. ]rYnhn Hcp IebmIpp. Acow
Hcp IebmIpp. tZymhv Hcp IebmIpp. kap{Zw Hcp
IebmIpp. Atbm kuaym, \mep IeItfmSpIqSnb
{_ns Cu ]mZw A\hm Fp t]cp Xm
Ipp.
k b GXtahw hnZzmwXpjvIew ]mZw
{_tWm f\hm\nXyp]mkvtX f\
hm\kvan temtI `hXy \htXm
ltem Im PbXnb GXtahw
hnZzmwXpjvIew ]mZw {_tWm
f\hm\nXyp]mkv tX.
C{]Imcw Adnv \mepIeItfmSp IqSnb Cu {_
]mZns A\ Xzw F Kpa tmSpIqSn b Xmbn Bcv
D]mknppthm Ah Cu temIn km\ hnt
Zan m h\mbn ocpw. C{]Imc adn psImv \mepI
eItfmSpIqSnb Cu {_ ns ]mZw A\ hm Fp
Nnnv Bcp D]mknppthm Ah banm
temI {]m]npw.
Ggmw Jw
lwkkvtX ]mZw htXn k l tiz`q
tX Km A`n{]m]bmw NImc; Xm
b{XmZn kmbw _`qhr, kvX{Xmn ap] k
am[mbKm D]cp[y kan[am[mb ]
mZtx {]mpt]m] hnthi
lwkw \n\v Hcp ]mZs ]dpXcpw. Fp
]dp An hncanp. Ah ]nt Znhkamb tm ]ip
sf bm{Xbmn. B ]ip kybmb tm GXp
emtbm AhnsS Xo Iqn ]ipsf XSpp\nn.
kanZm[m\w sNbvXv AnbpsS ]Snmdphiw Ingtmv
apJ ambn ASp Ccpp.
Xw lwk D]\n]Xym`yphmZ: kXy
Ima3 CXn `Kh CXn l {]Xn
ip{im h.
lwkw ASp hv Ahs\ hnfnp: kXyImam
Fp hnfnp. `Khmt\ kXyIma hnfntIp.
{_Wx tkmay! tX ]mZw {_hmWo
Xn; {_hoXpta `Khm\nXn; Xkvssa
tlmhmN: Anx Iem, kqx Iem
N{x Iem hnZypXvIem; Gj ssh
tkmay, NXpjvIex ]mtZm {_tWm
tPymXnjvam \ma.
Atbm kuaym, \n\p {_ns ]mZs Rm
]dp Xc s. Fp lwkw tNmZnp. `Khm F\np
]dp Xmepw Fp kXyIma Dcw ]dp.
Ah\p lwkw ]dp sImSpp. An Hcp IebmIp
p. kqcy Hcp IebmIpp. N{ Hcp IebmIpp.
hnZypv Hcp IebmIpp. kuaym, Cu \mepIeItfmSp
IqSnb {_ns ]mZw tPymXn jvam Fp t]cp
XmIpp.
k b Ghw hnZzmwXpjvIew ]mZw
{_tWm tPymXnjv am\nXyp]mkvtX
tPymXnjvam\kvan temtI `hXn
tPymXnjvatXm l temIm PbXn b
GXtahw hnZzmwXpjvIew ]mZw
{_tWm tPymXnjv am\nXyp]mkvtX
Cns\ Adnv Cu \mepIeItfmSp IqSnb {_
ns ]mZw tPymXnjvam Fphv Bcv D]mknp
pthm Ah Cu temIn Zo]vXnbph\mbno
cpw. CXv Adnv Cu \mep IeIsf tPymXnjv am Fp
hv Bcp]mkn ppthm Ah tPymXnp temI
{]m]npw.
I K
N P
228
Fmw Jw
aZv Kpt ]mZw htXn; kl
tizm`qtX Km A`n{]m]bmw
NImc, Xm b{Xm`n kmbw _`qhp
kvX{Xmn ap]kam[mb Km D]cp[ym;
kan[am[mb, ]mZtx {]mp
t]m]hnthi.
ImcWw \n\v {_ns Hcp ]mZs ]dp
Xcpw Fp ]dpsImv lwkw hnc anp. Ah
]ntp ]ip fpambn \Sp. B ]ip kybmb
tm FhnStbm AhnsS Xo Iqn ]ipsf XSpv Hcp
anmn. kanZm[m\w sNbvXv AnbpsS ]Snmdp`m
Kv IngtmpapJambn Ccpp.
Xw aZv Kpcp ]\n]Xym`yphmZ kXy
Ima3 CXn `Kh CXn.
\otmgn (Imc Ww) ASp hv kXyImat\mSmbn
"kXyImammm' Fp hnfnp. "`Khmt\' Fv Ah hnfn
tIp.
{_Wx tkmay, tX ]mZw {_hm
WoXn, {_hoXpta `Kh\nXn, Xkvssa
tlmhmN: {]mWx Iem N{ipx Iem,
t{im{Xw Iem a\x Iem, Gj ssh
tkmay NXpjvIex ]mtZm {_W
Bb X\hm \ma.
Atbm tkmay \n\p Rm {_ ns Hcp ]mZw
]dpX c ttbm Imc Ww tNmZnp. `Khm F\np ]d
pXmepw. kXyIma Dcw ]dp. Aht\mSp
ImcWw ]dp. {]mW Hcp IebmIpp. Npv Hcp
IebmIpp. t{im{Xw Hcp IebmIpp. a\v Hcp Ie
bmIpp. Atbm tkmaym, \mep IeJ tfmSpIqSnb Cu
{_ns ]mZw Bb X\ hm Fp t]cp XmIpp.
k b GXtahw hnZzmwXpjvIew ]mZw
{_W Bb X\hm\n Xyp]mkvtX Bb
X\hm\kvan temtI `hXn; Bb
X\htXm ltemIm PbXn, b GX
tahw hZzmw XpjvIew ]mZw {_
W Bb X\ hm\nXyp]mkvtX.
Cns\ a\nemn \mep IeItfmSpIqSnb Cu
{_]mZw Bb X\hm Fphv Bcv D]mknppthm
Ah Cu temIn BbX\ap h\mbnocpp.
C{]Imc adnv \mepIeItfmSpIqSnb Cu {_ns
]mZs Bb X\ hm Fphv B D]mknppthm
Ah [mcmfw CSap temIsf {]m]npp.
H]Xmw Jw
{]mhlm ffNmIpew XamNmtm f`yphm
Z; kXyImam3 CXn `Kh CXnl
{]Xn ip {imh
kXyIma {_ hn m\w t\Sn BNmcyIpes
{]m]n p. BNmcy kXyImammm Fp hnfnp. `Khmt\
Fp kXyIma hnfntIp.
{_ hnZnh tkmay `mkn, tIm\p Xzm f\p
iimtkXn, At\y a\ptjy`y CXn l
{]XnPt; `Khmw kvtXhta Imta
{_pbm.
Atbm kuaym, \o {_hnns\tmse tim`np
p. \ns BcmWv A\pimkn Xv. BNmcy tNmZnp:
a\pjycn \nv A\ycmbnp hcmWv . kXyIma {]Xn
sNbvXp. `Khm Xs F\nv CbpXv Ctm
]dpX c Ww.
{ipXw tlyhta `KhZv Zrti`y B
Nmmssh hnZym hnZnXm km[nw
{]m]Xo Xn. XkvssasslX tZthm
hmNm{X l\ InwN\ hnbm tbXn, ]nbmtbXn.
`Khms\ tmep BfpIfn \nv Rm tInpv;
hnZy BNmcy\n\nv Xs Adnbsmse km[pXa
Xzs {]m]n bpp. kXyIma\v tZhXI ]dpsIm
Sp hnZysb s BNmcy ]dp sImSpp.
bmsXmpw hnpt]mbn.
]mw Jw
D]tImktem lssh Imaemb\x kXy
Imta Pm_mte {_Naphmk; Xky
l ZzmZihjmWyo ]cnNNmc; k
lkvam\y\t hmkn\x kamhbw
kvXnwl ssh\ kamhbXn.
Ia es ]p{X \mb D]tImke P_mebpsS ]p{X
\mb kXyImas ASp {_ NcytmsS ]mp.
]{phjw Ahs AnIsf ]cnNcnp. Ah ap
injymsc kzm[ymbw {KlnpXncnbnpw D]tImk
es\ kamhn nn .
Xw Ptbm hmNm: X]vtXm {_Nmcn
Ipiean ]cnNmco amXzmf
bx ]cnt{]mN; {]{_qlykvam CXn
Xkvssalm t{]m ssNyh {]hmkmw Nt{I.
I K
N P
229
B BNmcyt\mSv `mcy ]dp. Cu {_Nmcn hfsc
tinv thhn[n AnIsf ]cnNcnp. Av
AnIsf \nncpXv. Cu {_Nmcnv hnZy ]dp
sImSpq. Fv `mcy ]dnpw BNmcy B injy\v
Hpw ]dpsImSpmsX XomS\ n\p t]mbn.
k l hym[n\m \inXpw Zt{[; XamNm
Pmtbm hmN: {_ Nmcnmim\, Inw
\p \miv\mkoXn ktlmhmN _lp
h Cta fkvan ]pcptjImam\m\mXy
bmx hym[n`nx {]Xn]qtmkvan, \m
injyman CXn.
B {_Nmcn at\mZpxJw \nanw A\i\w A\p
jvTnpXn\v \n bnp. Aht\mSv BNmcys `mcy
]dp: Atbm {_Nmco, `Ww Ign q. \o
FmWv `Ww IgnmXv? AXn\v B {_ Nmcn ]d
p. Cu ]pcpj\n CI hfscb[nIw Dv. AXv
]e hgnp ISpt]mhp hym[nIfmbnon cnp
p. hym[nIfm Rm {]Xn]q \mbncn pp. Rm
`Ww Ignbn.
AY ^m bx kapZntc: X]vtXm {_
Nmcn Ipiew \x ]NmcoXv, lmkvssa
{]{_hmtaXn, Xkvssa tlmNpx: {]mtWm
{_Iw Jw{_ CXn.
AnI Hcpanp tNp Aht\mSp ]dp: {_
Nmcn X]vX\mbnv \sf thhn[n ]cnNcnp.
Ctm Ah\v \mw thXp ]dpsImSpWw. B
{_ Nmcnv AnI ]dpsImSpp. {]mW {_
amIpp. Iw{_amIpp. Jw {_amIpp.
k tlm hmN: hnPm\maylw bXv
{]mtWm {_, Iw, NXpJw N\ hn
Pm\maoXn, tXtlmNpx: bZzmhIw,
XtZh Jw btZhIw, XtZhIanXn,
{]mWw N lmkvssa XZmImiw tNmNpx
D]tImke ]dp {]mW {_ amIpp FXv
GXmtWm AXp Rm Adnbpp. Fm I tbpw
J tbpw Rm Adnbpn. AnI ]dp Iw
Fp ]dXv GtXm AXv Xs Jw Fp ]dbpp.
Jw GXmtWm AXpXs Iw Fp ]dbpp. Chv
{]mWt\bpw, {]mWs lrZbmImitbpw ]dp
sImSp p.
]Xn s\mmw Jw
AY ssl\w Kml]tXym f\piim
k: ]rYnhy n c amZnXy CXn; b
Gj BZntXy ]pcptjm ZriytX,
tkm flakvXn k Ghm l akvan; CXn
]ns Cu D]tImkes\ Kml ]Xy An A\pim
knp. ]rYnhn, An, Aw BZnXy Fnh Fs
X\pfmIpp. BZnXy\n GXp ]pcpjs\ BtWm
ImWpXv B ]pcpj Rm BIpp. Rm Ah
XsbmIpp.
k b GXtahw hnZzm\p]mkvtX f]l
tX ]mhIrXymw temIo `hXn, kh
ambptcXn, tPymKv PohXn, \mkymhc
]pcpjmx obt; D] hbw Xw `q
Rv Pmtam fkvanw temtI apjvanw b
GXta hw hnZzm\p]mkvtX.
Cu Kml]Xymnsb Bcp D]mknppthm Ah
]m]I \innpp. temIap h\mbnocpp.
apgph Bbpnt\ {]m]npp. DPzeambn Pohnpp.
Chs ]nmeaph bnbn. Cu temI
nepw ]ctemInepw Ahs\ R ]menpp.
C{]Imcw Adn psImv Cu Kml]Xymnsb Bcp
D]mkn ppthm Ah\v Cu ^ew knnpw.
]{mw Jw
AY ssl\a\zmlmcy NNt\m f\piimk:
Bt]mZntim \{XmWn, N{am CXn;
b Gj N{akn ]pcptjm ZriytX tkm
lakvan, k Ghm lakvaoXn
A\cw Chs\ ZnWmn A\pimknp. ApI,
ZnpI, \{X, N{ Fns\ F\np \mep
icoc Dv. N{ an GXp ]pcpjs\ bmtWm ImWp
Xv Ah Rm\mIpp. Rm Ah Xs bmIpp.
k b GhtaXw hnZzm\p]kvtX f]ltX
]m]IrXymw, temIo`hXn, khambptcXn,
tPymKv Po hXn; \mkymhc]pcpjmx o
bt; D]hbw Xw `qPmtam/kvanw
temtI/ apjvanw b GXtahw hnZzm
\phmkv tX
(CXns hymJym\w ]Xns\mmw Jns Ah
km\nep XpXs bmWv .)
]Xn aqmw Jw
AY ssl\ amlh\otbmf\piimk:
{]mW BImtim ZyuhnZypZnXn; b
I K
N P
230
Gj hnZypXn ]pcptjm ZriytX tkm
flakvan; k Ghml akvaoXn
A\ cw Alh\ob Ahs\ A\pimknp:
{]mW, BImiw, tZymhv, hnZypv Fns\ \mep X\p
F\npv. hnZypn GXp ]pcpj ImWs
Sptm B ]pcpj Rm\mIpp.
k b GXtahw hnZzm\p ]mkvtX f]ltX
]m]IrXymw temIo`hXn khambptcXn,
tPymKv PohXn; \mkymhc]pcpjmx ob
t, D]hbw `qRv Pmtam fkvanw
temtI/ apjvanw b GXtahw hnZzm
\p]kv tX
(CXns hymJym\hpw ]Xn s\mmw Jns
Ahkm\ nepXm Wv .)
]Xn memw Jw
tX tlm Npcp] tImkssejmskuaytX
kvaZznZymff hnZymNm ffNm
kvXptX KXnwh
tXn BPKmalm ffNmcykvX amNmtm
fZyphmtZm]tIm ke3 CXn.
B An I ]dp: Atbm kuay\mb D]tIm
ke CXm \n\v RfpsS hnZybpw AhnZybpw ]d
pXncnpp. BNmcy\mIs \n\p KXnsb ]d
pXcpw. Chs BNmcy hp. Ahs\ BNmcy
D]tImkew Fp hnfnp.
`Kh CXnl. {]Xniq{imh {_hnZ
Chtkymay, tX apJw`mXn; tIm\pXzmf\p
iimk CXn. tIm\pama\pinjymZv t`m
CXnlmt]h \nptX. Cta \q\anZrim
A\ymZrim CXnlmo\`yptZ Inw\p
tkmay InetX fthmN Xn.
`Khmt\ Fv D]tImke hnfntIp. Atbm
kuay \ns apJw {_ ns Ft]mse hnfpp.
\ns Bcp A\pimknp. BNmcy tNmZnp. Atbm
O`Khms\ BcmWv Fs A\piwknpXv Fv BIp
Xpt]mse D]tImke ]dp. apt thsd hn[n
en cp hcpw Ctm Cu hn[ nencn p hcpamb Cu
AnI Xs Fs D]tZinp. Ah AnIsf
Nqn dp. Atbm kuaym, \n\v FmWv Ah
]dpX Xv ? BNmcy tNmZnp.
CZanXn l {]XnPt temIm hmhIne
tkmaytX fthmN; Alw Xp tXXZzmyman
bYm ]pjv Ic]emi Bt]m\njy Gh
tahw hnZn ]m]w I\njytX CXn
{_hoXpta `Kh \nXn Xkvssa tlmhmN.
injy Cs\ Fp ]dp: Atbm kuaym,
Ah temIsf am{XamWv ]d pXXv Fm Rm
\n\v {_s n ]dpX cmw. GXp{]Imcw Xmac bn
ebn Pew ]pntbm, A{]Imcw {_s Rm
]dbm t]mIp Xpt]mse Adnbph\n ]m]Iw
]pIbn . BNmcy ]dp: `Kh F\np ]dp
Xmepw injy ]dp. Ah\v BNmcy ]dp
sImSp p.
]Xn\mw Jw
b Gtjm fnWn ]pcptjm ZriyX, Gj
BtXntlm hmssNXZarX`btaX
Z {_tXn; XZyZy]ykvan kntmZIw
hm knXn h\o Gh KXn.
Io In GXp ]pcpj\mtWm ImWs SpXv
B ]pcpj BmhmIpp Fp ]dpsImSpp.
Rm ]d Cu B XXzw \inmXpw `banm
XpamIpp. CXv {_amIpp. ]pcpjs m\amb Cu
An bn knt\tbm, DZIttbm tkN\w sNq.
Ch CaIsf s Kan pp. ]pcpjs \ncRvP\Xzw
hnpp.
GXw kw bZzma CXym NtX, GXw ln
khmWn hmam\y`nkwbn; khmtWy
\w hmam\y`n kwbnb Ghw thZ
Cu ]pcpjs\ kwbZzma Fp ]dbpp. Fs
m tim`\ ambnphsbmw Cu ]pcpjs\ A`n kw
Kan pp. Cs\ Bcv Adn bppthm Ahs\ tim`\
fmbnphsbmw A`n kw Kan pp.
Gj D Gh hma\otcj khmWn
hmam\n \bXn; khmWn hmam\n \bXn
b Ghw thZ
Cu ]pcpj Xt hma\ob amIpp. Fsm
Ch Fm hmatfbpw \bnpp. C{]Imcw Bcp Adn
bppthm Ah hma fmbnp sXmw \bnpp.
Gj D Gh `man\o tcj ln kthjp
temtIjp `mXn. kthjp temtIjp `mXn
b Ghw thZ
I K
N P
231
Ch Xs `man\nbmIpp. Fsm Ch Fm
temIfnepw tim`npp. C{]Imcw Bcp Adnbpp
thm, Ah Fm temIfnepw hnfpp.
AY bZp ssNhmkvan ihyw Ipn,
bZnN\m, j tahmZn kw`hn, A
ntjm flm, c B ]qamW]
am]q amW]mZym jkpctXn
amwkmw kvXm, amtk`yx kwhcw,
kwhcm ZmZnXy, amZnXym{akw,
N{atkm hnZypXw, XXv ]pcptjmf
am\hx k G\m {_KabXn; Gj
tZh ]tYm {_l ]Yx, GtX\ {]Xn
]Zyam\m Caw am\hamhw \mff
h t\ff ht
Chs hnjb n iihIw sNpsnepw
sNpnsnepw Anc `nam\nbmb tZhsX tb s
{]m]npp. An \nv Alc `n am\nbmb tZhX
tb bpw Aln\nv ip]tZhXtbbpw ip]
tZhXbn \nv DcmbW tZhXtbbpw B amk
fn \nv kwhctZhXtbbpw kwh c n \nv
BZnXyt\bpw BZnXy\n\nv N{ant\bpw N{a
n \nv hnZypnt\bpw {]m]n pp. AhnsS a\pjy
\ m ]pcpj hcpp. Ah Chsc {_s {]m]n
npp. CXv tZh ]Yhpw {_]Yhpw BIpp.
CXnIqSn t]mIph Cu a\phns krncq]amb
Bhs Bhnpn . Bhsap]dbp
Xv P\\ac WfpsS XpSbmIp N{Insp
IdpXns\ bmWv .
]Xn \mdmw Jw
Gj l ssh btm tbm fbw ]htX,
Gj lbnZw khw ]p\mXn, btZ
j bnZw, khw ]p\mXn, XkvamtZ
j Ghb, kvXky a\ hmIv
N h\o.
GsXmcp hmbphmtWm ipoIcnpXv As\
bp hmbp b amsWp {]kn amIpp. Cu hmbp
KanpsImv Cu PKn s\ sbmw ipampp. Cu
hmbp k cnpsImv Cu PKns\ Fmw ipam
pp Fp tXtXm AXpsImpXs Cu hmbp
bamIpp. B bns am a\pw
hmp amIpp.
Xtbmcky Xcmw a\km kwkvItcmXn
{_m hmNmtlmX f[cpZv KmXmf
\yXcmw; kb t{Xm ]mIrtX {]mXc\p
hmtI ]pcm]cn[m\obmb {_m
hyhh ZXn, A\yXcmtah h\nw
kwkvItcmXn lobtX f\yXcm
B cp h \nIfn Hns\ {_sap ]dbp
EXznv a\ psImv kwkvIcnpp. asmns\ tlmXm
hpw, A[zhpw, DZvKmXmhpw hmpsImv kwkvIcn
pp. FhnsS, ikv {Xw Bcw`nncnptm ]cn[m\ob
Fp ]dbp En \v , apv B {_mhv au\s Dt]
nppthm, AhnsS Hns\ am{Xsa kwkvIcnpI
bpp. asmv \ sSpp.
k b ssY Iw]mZv{hP, ctYmssh
tI\ Nt{IW hamt\m cnjytXy
ha kybtm cnjyXn; bw cnjyw
bPamt\m/\pcnjyXn; k Czm
]m]obm `hXn
GXp {]ImcamtWm Hcp ]mZtmSp IqSnbh hgn
t]mIptm \inpXv An H{Iw sImv
hnp cYw k cnptm \inpXv A{]
Imcw Cu bPam\s B bw \inpp. \inp
bs bPam\ A\p\ inpp. B bPam\
bmKw sNbvXv IqSpX ]m]ap h\mbn ocpp.
AY bt{Xm]mIrtX {]mXc \phmtI \
]pcm ]cn[m\obmbm {_mhyhhZ
XyptZ Gh h\o kwkvIho \lo
btX f\yXcm
FhnsS {]mXc \phmIw Bcw `nXns tijw, ]cn [m
\ob Xp ap]v {_mhv au\s Dt]npntbm
AhnsS cp h \n Itfbpw kwkvIcn pp. cn
Hpw \jv Ss Spn.
k btYm`b ]mZv{hP, ctYmt]mZm
`ymw N{Im`ymw ham\x {]XnXnjvT
tXy hakybx {]XnXnXn; bw
{]XnXnw bPamt\m f\p{]XnXn
jvTXn; k Czmt{ibm `hXn
F{]Imcw cp ImepItfmSpIqSnb ]pcpj hgnt]m
Iptm \inmXn cnptm Asn cp N{I
sfsImv hnp cYw \inmXn cnptm A{]
Imcw CubPam\s B bw \inmXncnpp. {]Xn
nXn sNp bs bPam\ A\p{hXnnXn
sNpp B bPam\ bmKw sNbvXv t{ijv T\mbno
cp p.
I K
N P
232
]Xn t\gmw Jw
{]Pm]XntmIm\`yX]Xv; tXjmw
X]yam\m\mw ckm {]mhrlXv; A
nw ]rYnhy, hmbpacom, ZmZnXy Znhx
{]Pm]Xn temIsf A`nX]nnp. X]n s Sp B
temI fpsS cksf FSpp ]rYnhnbn \nv An
tbbpw Acon \nv hmbphnt\bpw, tZymhn
\nv BZnXyt\bpw
k GXmkvXnt{km tZhXm A`yX ]Xv;
Xm kmw X]yam\m\mw ckm {]m
hrlXv; Bt XrtNmhmtbmPqwjn,
kmam\ymZnXymXv.
{]Pm]Xn Cu aqp tZhX Isf A`n X]nnp. X]n
sSp AhcpsS kmcsf Dcnp. Anbn \nv
EpIsfbpw hmbphn\nv bPqpIsfbpw BZnXy
\n \nv kma sfbpw
k GXmw {Xbnw hnZyma`yX ]Xv,
Xkym kvX]yam\mbm ckm {]mhrl Xv,
{`cnXy `rKvt`ym, `qhcnXnb Pq`yx
kzcnXn kzcnXn kma`yx
{]Pm]Xn Cu {XbohnZysb A`n X ]n np. X]ns
Sp AXns cksf Dcnp. EpIfn \nv `qx
Fpw bPqpIfn \nv `qh Fpw kma fn \nv
kzx Fp {Klnp. AXn\m Ch temI fptSbpw tZh
mcp tS bpw, thZ fp tSbpw cmk fmb alm hym
lrXnIfmIpp.
XZy Zrtm cntjyZv, `qx kzmtlXn
Kml]tXy PqlpbmXv; ENmtah
X{Ztk\ mw hotW mw bky
hncnw kwZ[mXn
B b n EpI \nanw bn\p tISp
hcnIbmsWn `qx kzmlm Fv Kmly]Xy\n tlman
Ww. AXv EpIfpsS Xs ckwsImpw, EpI
fpsS hocywsImpw EpIfpsS bns Xcq
]amb hntZw IqntNpp.
AY bZn bPqtmcntjyZv `qhx kzm
tlXn ZnWmu PqlpbmXv; bPqjm
ta h X{Ztk\, bPqjmw hotW
bPqjmw bky hncnw k[mXn.
bPqpI \nanw bw Xw {]m]npIbmsW
n `qhxkzmlm Fp a{m ZnWBnbn
tlman Ww. AXv bPqpIfpsS ckwsImpw, bPqp
IfpsS HmPpsImpw, bPqpIfpsS bns
X cq]amb hntZw Iqntp icn bmpp.
AY bZn kmatXm cnjyXv kzx kzmtl
Xym lh\otb PqlpbmXv; kmav\m
ta hX{Ztk\, kmav\mw hotW
kmav\mw bky hncnw k[mXn.
kma \nanw bw Xw {]m]npIbmsW
n kzxkzmlm Fv Blh\ob \n tlmanWw. AXv
kmaepsS Xs ckwsImpw, kmafpsS hocyw
sImpw kmasf kw_n b ns X cq]
amb hntZw km\w sNpp.
XZyYm ehtW\ kphw k[ymXv,
kpht\ cPXw, cPtX\ {X]p{X
]pWmkokw, kotk\ temlw, temtl
\ Zmcp, Zmcp NWw, Ghtajmw
temIm \mamkmw tZhXm \makymkv{X
m hnZymbm hotW bky hncn
w k[mXn, t`jPIrtXm l hm
Gj btm bss{Xhw hnZv {_
m `hXn.
AXv Fns\ Fm s]mImcw apXemb mcw
sImv kztbpw, kphsImv shntb bpw,
cPXw sImv XIc t bpw, XIcw sImv Cub t bpw,
CubwsImv teml t bpw, temlw sImv XSn tbbpw
XpIsImv XSntbbpw km\w sNpsXnt\tbm
A{]Imcw Cu temlfptSbpw Cu tZhXIfptSbpw
Cu {XbohnZybptSbpw howsImv bns
Xw km\w sNpp. GXp bn {_mhv
C{]Imc adnbph Bbncnppthm Cu bw t`j
Pm kwkvIcn s Xmbn Xocpp.
Gj l hm DZIv {]htWm btm
bss{Xhw hnZv {_m `hXn; Ghw
hnZw lhm Gjm {_lvamW a\pKmYm
btXm bX BhtX XXv XZv
KXn; am\thm {_ss sshI
EXznIv IpcpXizm f`ncXn G
hw hnssh {_m bw bP
am\w kmwntPm f`ncXn
XkvamtZhw hnZtah {_mWw
IphoX, \mt\hw hnZw.
GXp bn {_mhv C{]Imc a dnbp h\mbn
cnptm B bw hStmp NcnXmIpp. C{]
Imc adnbp {_mhns\pdnv Cu A\pKmY{]kn am
I K
N P
233
Ipp: FhnsS AhnsS sNp m\ hm\mb {_m
hmIp Htc EXznIv s]IpXnc Ft]mse Im
sf A`ncn pp. CX dnbp {_mhv b
tbpw bP am\ t\bpw Fm EXznpItfbpw A`ncn
pp. AXn\m Cs\ Adnbphs\ {_mhm
Ww. C{]Imcw Adnbmhs\ {_mhm cpXv.
Ama ymbw
Hmw Jw
kKpW {_hnZybpsS D c KXn CXphsc ]dp.
]mnhn mb Krl \pw, aphnZyIsf ioen p
{imepfmb DuztcXpIpw, AtX KXnsb
s A\phZnp. tIhe [nIv ZnWZnns\
kw_n Xpw, [qamZn e Whpw, ]p\cmhncp]hp
amb thsd KXnbpw, aqmaXmbn, sshcmKyw hcp Xnm
bn, hnZymIc lnX mv, AXns\ m IjvSX c amb
kwkmc KXn ]dbm\mbn Bcw`npp. {]mWx t{imjv tTm
hmKmZn`yx {]mtWm hmh kw hx XpSn ]ebnSfnepw
Ign Aymb fn {]mWs\n ]d npv . Fmw
Hcpt]mse Hcpanp tNp {]hnpsImncnptm,
B {]mW hmp apXemb hbpsS Iqn t{ijvT\m
IpsXns\ Fpw B {]mWs\ D]mkntXv Fn
s\ bmWpw ImWnp Xn\v , B {]mWs t{ijv TXzmZn
KpWsf hn[n Wsav ImWnpp .
Hm, tbm l ssh tPyjvTw Nt{ijvTw
N thZ, tPyjvT l ssh t{ijvT
`hXn; {]mtWmhmh tPyjvT t{ijvT.
tPyjvTt\bpw, t{ijvTt\bpw Bcv Adnbppthm,
Ah tPyjvT\mbpw, t{ijv T\mbpw `hn pp. tPyjvT
\pw, t{ijv T\pw {]mW Xs bmWv.
tbm l ssh hknw thZ, hkn
jvtTm lkzm \mw `hXn hmKzmhhknjvTx
hknjvTs\, [\w Dhs\, Bcv Adnbppthm
Ah mXnIv hknnph\mbn `hnpp.
hknjvT Fp ]dbpXv hmpXs bmhpp.
tbm l ssh {]XnjvTmw thZ, {]Xn l
XnjvT Xy kvanw temtI fapjvanw
NphmI {]XnjvTm
{]XnjvTtb Bcp Adnbppthm, Ah Cu temI
nepw ]ctemInepw {]XnjvTnX\mIpp. {]XnjvT
Fp ]dbpXv NppXs.
tbm l ssh kZw thZ kwlm
kvssa Imamx ]Zyt ssZhm
am\pjm; t{im{Xw hmh kZv.
kns\ bmsXmcp Adnbppthm Ah\v tZh
kw_n Ifpw, a\pjykw_nIfpamb Ima k
fmIpw. ksp ]dbpXv t{im{Xw XsbmWv .
tbm l hm BbX\w thZm ffbX\w
l kzm \mw `hXn; at\m lhm BbX\w.
BbX\s Bcp Adnbppthm Ah mXn
Iv B{ib ambnXocpp. BbX\saXv a\ mIpp.
AY l {]mW Alw t{ibkn hyqZntcf
lw t{ibm\ kvaylw t{ibm\kvaoXn
]ns {]mW Rm t{ijvT\mIpp. Rm
t{ijvT\mIpp Alw t{ib ns\ kw_np hgp
Iqn.
tXl {]mWmx {]Pm]Xnw ]nXc
tatXymNpx: `Kh tIm \x t{i
jvTx CXn Xm tlmhmN: bkv an
h D{Imt icocw ]m]njvTXc
anhZrtiyX k hx t{ijvTx CXn
B {]mW ]nXmhmb {]Pm]XnbpsS ASp
sNv tNmZn p. `Khmt\, Rfn t{ijvT BcmWv?
AhtcmSv {]Pm]Xn ]d p. \nfpsS Iqn Bcv ico
cw hnpt]mhptm icocw Ghpw ]m]njv Tsa t]mse
ImWs Sptam, Ah \n fn t{ijv T\mIpp.
kml hmKp{Ima; km kwhcw
t{]mjy ]ttXym hmN: IY aiI
Xt aohnXp anXn. bYm Iem
AhZx {]mWx {]mtW\, ]iy
pjmirWzx t{imt{X W,
[ymbtm a\sskh anXn. {]hnth
i l hmIv
B hmIv icocw hnpt]mbn, B hmv Hcp kwhc
mew {]knnv Xncnphv ap {]mW tfmSpw tNmZnp:
Fs IqSmsX Pohn p Xn\v GXp {]Im cn
\nv Ignp. aqImsctmse Hpw ]dbmsX
{]mWs\smp {]mWnpw, NppsImv Ipw,
t{im{Xw sImptIpw, a\psImv [ym\npw, Cs\
R Pohnp. B {]mW Dcw ]dp. hmv
kz hym]mc n {]thin p.
Nptlm{Ima; XXv kwhcw
t{]mjy ]ttXymhmN: IYaiI
Xt aohnXp anXn. bYm fm
A]iyx {]mWx {]mtW\, hZ
tm hmNm irWzx t{imt{XW,
I K
N P
234
[ymbtm a\ sskhanXn {]hnthi
lNpx
Npv D{Ianp AXv Hcp kwh c tv Xs
hym]mcw hnv \nnv aSnhp tNmZnp: GXphn[w
F IqSmsX Pohnp Xn\v \np Ignp? A
msctmse ImWmsX {]mWs\ sImp {]mWnpw hmp
sImp hZnpw t{im{XwsImp {ihnpw, a\ psImp
[ym\npw R Pohnp. ap {]mW Dcw ]dp.
Npv kzhym]mcn {]hn p.
t{im{Xw tlm{Ima XXv kwhcw
t{]mjy ]ttXymhmN: IYa iI
XtaohnXpaXn. bYm _[ncm
Air Wzx {]mWx {]mtW\,
hZtm hmNm, ]iy pjm,
[ymbtm a\sskhanXn {]hnth
i l t{im{Xw.
t{im{Xw DXv{Ianp. AXv Hcp kwhc metp
Xs hym]mcn \np ]namdn \nnv aS nhp.
ap {]mWtfmSp tNmZnp: Fs IqSmsX Pohnp
Xn\v Fns\ \np Ignp? _[ncmsc tmse
tImsX, {]mWs\ smp {]mWnpw, hmpsImp
hZn pw, NppsImp Zinpw a\psImp [ym
\npw R Pohn p. ap {]mW ]dp: t{im{Xw
kzhym]mcn {]hn p.
at\m tlm{Ima; XXv kwhcw
t{]mjy]ttXym hmN:IY a iI
Xt aohnXp anXn, bYm _me
A a\kx {]mWx {]mtW\, hZ
tm hmNm, ]iypjm, irWz
x t{imt{XssWhanXn {]hnthi la\x
a\v D{Ianp. AXv Hcp kwhcmetv
{]hkn nv aSnhp tNmZnp. FsqSmsX Pohnp
Xn\v F{]Imcw \np Ignp? _memsc tmse
a\n\p XtSanmsX, {]mWs\smp {]mWnpw
hmpsImp hZnpw NppsImv Zinpw t{im{Xw
sImv {ihnpw Cs\ R Pohn p. ap {]mW
]dp: a\v kzhym]mcn {]hnp.
AY l {]mW Dn{Ianj, k bYm
kplbx ]Uzoi iq kwJntZ
tZhanXcm {]mWm kaJnZXv
Xw lm`nktatXym Npx: `Kht[n
Xzw \x t{ijvtTm fkn tam {IancnXn.
A\ cw B {]mW D{Ianphm\nnv GXp{]
Imc amtWm \ IpXnc Xs ImepI sInbnp Ipn
Isf, Cf nn gpXpXv A{]Imcw ap {]mWse
]ngpXp. B apJy{]mWs ASp sNv ap{]mW
]dp: Atbm `Khms\ RfpsS kzmanbmbncnq.
Av R fn t{ijv T\mIpp. Cu icocn \nv
hnpt]mIcpXv.
AY ssl\w hmKphmN: bZlw
hknjvtTm fkvan Xzw XZzknjvtTmf
koXn AYssl\w NpcphmNx
bZlw {]XnjvTm fkvan, Xzw XXv {]Xn
jv TmkoXn.
AY ssl\w t{im{X aphmN:
bZlw kw]ZkvanXzw XXv kw]
ZkoXn AY ssl\w a\ DhmNx
bZlamb X\akvXn, Xzw XZmb
X\ ako Xn.
hmv Cu apJy{]mWt\mSv ]dp: Rm hknjv T
\mIpp FXv GtXm B hknjv T \obmIpp. A\
cw Npv apJy{]mWt\mSv ]dp: Rm {]Xnjv T
bmIptXtXm B {]XnjvT \obmIpp. A\cw t{im{Xw
Cu apJy{]mWt\mSv ]dp: Rm GXp kmIpp
thm, B kv \o BIpp. a\v apJy{]mWt\mSp
]dp: Rm GXmbX\amIppthm, B BbX\w
\obmIpp.
\ ssh hmtNm, \Nqwjn, \t{im
{XmWn, \ a\mw koXym NtX; {]m
Wm CtXyhm NtX; {]mtWm
tlysshXm\n khmWn `hn.
hmpI Fp ]dbpn; NppI Fp ]d
bpn; t{im{X Fp ]dbpn; a\pI Fp
]d bpn; {]mW Fp Xs ]dbpp. Fsm
Cu hmKmZnIsfmw {]mW Xs bmIpp.
cmw Jw
ktlmhmN Inwta fw `hnjyXoXnbXv
InnZnZam iz`y B iIp\n`y CXntlm
Npx, XZzm GXZ\ kym, at\mlssh
\ma {]Xyw \ l hm Ghw hnZn
In\m\w `hXoXn
apJy{]mW tNmZnp: F\nv Aw Fmbncnpw?
izm apX iIp\nI hsc Cu temIp sXmw.
I K
N P
235
hmKmZnI Dcw ]dp. As\bp CsXmw
{]mWs AamIpp. A\ FpXv {]Xy amb
\maamIpp. C{]Imcw Adnbp h\n bmsXmpw A
am Xmbn `hnbn.
ktlmhmN: Inw ta hmtkm `hnjy
XoXn; B] CXn tlmNpx XkvamZzm
GXZinjyx ]pckvXmtm ]cnjvTm
mnx ]cnZ[Xneav`qtIm l
hmtkm `hXy\tm `hXn.
{]mW ]ntbpw tNmZnp: F\nv hkv{Xw Fm
bn cnpw? ApI hmKmZnI ]dp. Ainphm
t]mIp h t`mP \ n\p ap]n epw, t`mP\w Ignpw
ApIsfsImv apJy{]mWs\ DSpnpp. Cs\
sNpXv ApI {]mWs hkv{X amb XpsImmWv .
a\ns\ e`nph\mbn `hnpw. Dcobaph\m
bn ocpw.
XssXXv kXyImtam Pm_mtem
tKm{ipXtb sshbm {] ]Zymtbm
tzmhmN: bZyt]y XNv NvXpjvImb
mWth {_pbmmtbct hmkvan
Rv imJmx, {]mtcmtlbpx ]emim\oXn.
Cs\bp Cu {]mWZi\s Pm_mebpsS
]p{X\mb kXyIma hym{L]ns ]p{X\mb tKm{ip
Xnv ]dp sImSpnv ]dp. CXns\ ipjvIamb Ipn
pt]mepw ]dpsImSppIbmsWn, Cu mWp
hn imJI Dmhpw. CeI apfpIbpw sNpw.
AY bZn aln Kantj, Zamhmkym
bmw ZonXzm ]uamkymw cm
{Xu khu j[ky aw Z[na[pt\m
cp]aYy, tPyjvTmb t{ijvTmb kzm
tlXy mhmPyky lpXzm at
kw]m Xah\tb Xv .
A\cw alXzs Kanphm CnpIbmsW
n Idphmhpm Zonnv shfphmhpm
cm{Xnbn Fm Huj[ ntbpw ]ns ssXcpw
tX\pw IqnbXn Ienbnv Anbn tPyjvTmb
t{ijvTmb kzmlw Fv BPys tlmannv kw]mZs
an hogvWw.
hknmb kzmtlXym hmPyky lpXzm
at kw]mX ah\tbXv; {]XnjvTmssb
kzmtlXym hmPyky lpXz at
kav]mXah\tbXv, ktZ kzmtlXy
m hmPyky lpXzm at kmX
ah \tbXv; BbX\mb kztlXym
hmPyky lpXzm at kmXah\tbXv.
hknjvTmb kzmlw Fv Anbn BPys tlman
nv kav]mXs an hogv Ww. {]Xnjv Tmssb
kzmlm Fv Anbn BPys tlmannv kav]m
Zs an hogv Ww. kmtZ kzmlm Fv An
bn BPys tlmannv kmZs an hogv
Ww. BbX\mb kzmlm Fv Anbn BPys
tlman nv kmZs an hogv Ww.
AY {]Xnkr]ymRvPeu aamZmb
P]Xn: Atam\mamkn; Aamln
tX khanZw; kln tPyjvTx t{i
jvtTm cmP / [n]Xnx, kamssPyjvTyw
ss{ijvTyw cmPyam[n]Xyw KabXp; A
ltath XXv khakm\n.
A\ cw Aev ]w AIse amdn sXmgp ssIbn
as FSpp Xmtg]d bp a{w P]nWw: \o
Aa Fp t]cp h\mIpp. Fsm Cu PK
smw \ns IqsSbmIpp. {]mW`5#qXamb aw
tPyjvT\pw t{ijv T\pw, Zo]vXnam\pw, A[njv TnXn sNbvXp
]menph\pw BIpp. B aw Fs tPjvTXz
tbpw t{ijv TXtbbpw cmPytbpw B[n]Xytbpw
{]m]npw. Rm Xs Cu PKs mambn Xocpw.
AY Jtez Xbm ] BNm
aXn XXv khnXphrWn al CXym
Nm aXn; hbw tZhky t`mP\anXym
NmaXn; t{ijvTw kh[mX aanXym
NmaXn; Xpcw `Kky [oaloXn khw
]n_Xn, \nWnPy Iwkw Nakw
hm ]mZtx kwhniXn NWn
hnte hm hm Nw bax A{]
kmlx kbZn{knbw ]tiyXv kar
w ItXn hnZymXv.
A\ cw Xmtg ]dbp EpsImv Htcm ]mZw hoX
ambn BNanWw. XXv khnXphrWoatl Fv BN
anWw hbw tZhky t`mP\w Fv BNan Ww.
t{ijvTw kh[mXaw Fv BNanWw Xpcw`Kky
[oaln Fv apgph\pw ]m\w sNWw.
BNa\n\p Ens kzcq]w:
Xhn XphrWoatl hbw tZhky
t`mP\w t{ijvTw kh[m Xaw Xpcw
`Kky [oalo FmWv.
I K
N P
236
R khnXmhmb tZhs Fm A tfmfpw
t{ijvThpw Fm PKnt\bpw Ghpw [mcWw sNp
pXw, Fm P\nt\bpw AXnitb\ hn[m\w sNp
Xpamb B t`mP\s hcnpp. khnXmhmb tZhs
kzcq]s thKn R [ym\n pIbmWv . Iwk
ttbm Nakttbm IgpIn bnp An bpsS ]Sn m
dphiw XpIentem shdpw Xd bntem hmNw ba\mbnp Dd
Ww. Ah A\n kz]v \ Zi\w sImpw CfImsX
a\ pdnp kv{Xotb ImWpIbmWn (kz]v \n)
Iw kar amWv Adn psImWw.
XtZj tmIx bZm Ikp Imtay
jpkv {Xnbw kz]vt\jp ]iyXn, kar
nw X{X Pm\nbmXv Xkvan kz]v\
\nZit\ Xkvan kz]v\\nZit\
B An Xmsg dbp tmIapv. Ftm
Imay fmb I fn kz]v \w ImWptm kv{Xotb
ImWppthm Ans\bp ]w AhnsS I fpsS
^e{]m]v Xnbpsp AdnbWw.
aqmw Jw
tizXtIXplmfcptWbx ]mem\mw
kanXo tabmb Xw l {]hmltWm
ssPhencphmNx Ipamcm\pXzm injXv
]ntXXn A\p ln `Kh CXn.
BcpWnbpsS ]p{X\mb tizX tIXp ]me
Fp ]dbp P\ ]ZfpsS kanXnbn sNp. BtizX
tIXphnt\mSv Pohes ]p{X \mb {]hmlW ]dp
Atbm Ipamcm, ]nXmhv \ns A\pimknnpv. tizX
tIXp Dcw ]dp.
th bZntXm f[n {]Pmx {]boXn
\ `Kh CXn. th bYm ]p\cm
h CXn. \ `Kh CXn. th
]tYmthbm\ky ]nXrbmWkyp N
hymh\anXn. \ `Kh CXn.
{]PI Cu temIn \nv apIfn Ftmp Kan
ppthm, AXp \n\v Adnbmtam? {]hml W tNmZn
p. AdnpIqSm `Khmt\ tizXtIXp adp]Sn ]dp.
F{]Imcw Xncnpt]mcpp Fp \n\v Adnbmtam?
Fp {]hml W tNmZnp. Atbm `Khmt\, Adnp
IqSm Fv tizXtIXp Dcw ]dp. tZhbm\n t
bpw, ]nXrbm\ ntbpw hgnIfpsS ]ckv]c hntbmK
m\s \n\v Adnbmtam? Fp hopw tNmZnp.
AdnpIqSm `Khmt\ Fp Dcw ]dp.
th bYm fkutemtIm \ kw]qX
CXn; \ `Kh CXn. th bYm ]
aymamlqXmhm]x ]pcpjhNtkm
`hoXn. ss\ `Kh CXn.
]ctemIw FpImcWm \ndbmsX Ccnp
sXv \n\v Adnbmtam? Fv {]hmlW tNmZnp. Adn
pIqSm `Khmt\ Fp chpw ]dp. GXp{]Imcw
Amas BlpXnbn, B lpXn km[ \ fmb Ap
I ]pcpj Fp hNtmSp IqSnb h\mbn `hn p
sXv \n\ dnbmtam? {]hml W tNmZnp. `Khms\
Xosc Adn pIqSm tizXtIXp ]dp.
AY\p Ina\p intm fthm NYx tbm
loam\n \ hnZymXv IYw tkm f\p
intm {_qhnX? CXn. klmff
bkv Xx ]nXpctabmb Xw tlmhmN
A\\pinjy hmham `Khm\ {_hoZ\p
Xzm finjyanXn
A\pimkn s npsv \o ]d sXmWv? Bcv
Cu tNmZn kwKXn Isf Adn bpIbntbm Ah A\p
imkns hs\v Fns\ ]dbpw? Fp {]hmlW
tNmZnp. tizXtIXp hfsc hnjanv ]nXmhns m\
n BKanp. ]nXmhnt\mSv ]dp. A\pimknmsX
Xs `Khm Rm A\pimknp Ignncnpp Fv
FtmSv ]dp.
]am cmPkr _px f{]iv\m\
{]moXv, tXjmw ss\Iw N\miIw
hnhpanXn; k tlmhmN: bYm
am Xzw XssZXm\h tZm bYm fl
tatXjmw ss\Iw N\ thZ; bZy
lanam\ t]Znjyw, IYw tX \mhyanXn.
{X_p FtmSv Ap tNmZy tNmZnp. B
tNmZy fn Hpt]mepw hntijnp \nbnpXn\v
Rm i\mbn. ]nXmhv ]dp. \o h DSs\
FtmSv Cu {]iv \ sfn Fns\ ]dpthm AXp
t]mse Xs AdnpsImq. Rm Cu {]iv\ fn
Hnt\bpw Adnbpn. Rm Chsb Adnncpp
Fn \n\v ]dpX cmXncn pambncppthm?
k l KuXtam cmtm ftabmb;
Xkvssa l {]m]vXm bmlmw NImc;
k l {]mXx k`mK DtZbmb; Xw
tlmhmN: am\pjky `Kh KuXa
hnky hcw hrWnYm CXn. ktlmhm
N: Xsshh cmP! am\pjw hnw
I K
N P
237
bmtah Ipamc kymt hmNa `
jYm, kvXmta hta {_qloXn kl
IrOvdo _`qh.
B KuX a, cmPmhns ASpp sNp. Xs
ASp h B KuXas\ ]qPn p. KuXa cmhnse
cmP k`bn htm Atlns ASp Ibdn
sp KuXat\mSv cmPmhv ]dp. Atbm ]qPy\mb
KuXam, a\pjykw_nbmb hns kw_nv
Atv C apXp Ap hcnpsImp. KuXa ]d
p. Atbm cmPmth, am\pjamb hnw Atp
Xs Ccn s. Fs Ipamcs ASp GXp hmns\
Ap ]d pthm, AXv F\np ]dp Xcq. B cmPmhv
ZpxJap h\mbn `hnp.
Xw l Nncw htkXymm]bmw NImc;
Xw tlmhmN; bYmamXzw KuXamh
tZm btY bw \ {]mIv Xzx ]pcm
hnZym {_Wm KXn XkvamZp kth
jp temtIjp {X sskyh {]imk\
a`qZnXn Xkvssa tlmhmN
Aht\mSv hfsc \m AhnsSs Xmaknq Fv
cmPmhv Bm]np. B KuX at\mSv cmPmhp ]dp.
Atbm KuX am, Av FtmSv GXp {]Imcn ]d
pthm AXp ]dbm\pv. F{]Imcw Cu hnZy, \n\p
ap]v , {_mWsc Kannntbm, A{]Imcw temIn
{]knamIpp. AXpsImv ]v Fm temIfnepw
{Xnb PmXnp am{Xsa injymsc Cu hnZysImv,
A\pimknpI FpXv Dmbn cppp Fp ]d
nv KuXa\v hnZysb D]tZinpsImSpp.
\memw Jw
Amas BlpXnbn ApIp ]pcpj
F t]cp ]dbmhpsXs\ Fp tNmZyn\v
BZyambn kam[m\w ]dbpp. AXn\p kam[m\w ]d
pIgnm ]ns a tNmZyv kam[m\w ]dbp
Xn\v Ffp amIpp.
hmPkt\ b In An tlm{XlqXnI AhbpsS
^es Bcw `n pXns\ n bm hy, P\I
t\mSv tNmZn phbmbn Bdp tNmZy Dv. Ah
cmhnsebpw sshInpw tlman s Sp, An tlm{Xlq
XnI Cu temIn\nv D{Ian pXv D{Ian
Xns tijw Ah, XfpsS B{ib\v Xr]v Xnsb km
ZnpsImSppXv, Xr]vXnsb kmZnp sImSppsIm
ncpnv Ah Cu temIntev Xncnpt]mcp Xv, A\
cw Ahbvv B{ibamb ]pcpj ]c temIntev
Dm\ ioe\mbnocp Xv, Chsb msans\? F Xm
Wv. Ahp kam[m\hpw ]dbpp. A]qcq] fmb
BMqXnI D{Ianp bPam\ s\, ]cnthjvT\w
sNbvXv D{Ianpp. bPam\ [qamZnbn IqSn A
con {]thin ptm Ahs\ B{ibnncnp
BlqXnIfpw Acon {]thinpp. AhnsS
nXnsNp bPam\\v, kpJIc ambn Chbpw AhnsS
nXnsNbvXpsImv Acos Bl h\obs\
tmse Bpp. BlqXnv A[nIcWambnpXv Bl
h\ob \mIpp. AXv hmbphns\ kanpt]mse Bp
p. hmbphns\sImv Acow Zo]npp. acoNnI
sfs ipamb BlpXn bmIp civan I, Aco
n hym]vXfmWtm? Ans\ A co n
nXn sNbvXpsImv, AhnsS nXnsNp bP am\
s\, ^tempJ \mnopp. ]ns bPam\, A
co n \nv, IqsS IqsS D{Ianptm Ahbpw
IqsS D{Ianpp. bP am\ ZyptemIn {]thin
ptm Ah ZyptemIn {]thinpp. AhnsS
{]thinv BZyptemIs s Blh\ob\mn, BZn
Xys\ kanmn Xopp. ap]v Acon
nXnsNp bPam\s\ XWw sNpp Fp ]d
Xpt]mse, B BlqXnI ZyptemIn nXn sN
p bPam\ t\bpw ^eZm\w sImv kpJnnpp.
A\cw B BlqXnI bnp XpS pIbpw bPam
\ ZyptemIn \nv ]rYnhnbn {]thinbpw
sNptm Ahbpw ApIfmbnop. IqsS Xncnp
t]mcpp. ]ns Ah ]rYn hnbn {]thinv XfpsS
B{ibs {hoXn apXemb htbmSp tNv B{ib Zzmtc
W, tcXns\ \ntjN\w sNp ]pcpj\n {]thin
pp. B ]pcpj\n \nv kv {Xobn {]thin v , K`
ambnov X fpsS B{ib s, Im\pjv Tm\ptbm
Kyamb temIn sepbcp h\mbn ocpp. C s\
sbmw P\I, ta d tNmZypcw ]dp.
Fm AXn An tNm{XmlqXnIfpsS Imcw`w
am{Xw Chn[ n epmIpp Ft ]dR ARnpp.
CXnemIs An tlm{XmlqXnIfpsS ]cnWmacq]amb
Immcw`s Ambn hn`Pnv D cam {]m]vXnv
km[ \ambn, AnIsf \nebn AhbpsS D]mk\
hn[nphm\nn psImp ]dbpp.
Aku hmh temtIm KuXamn
kvXky ffZnXy Gh kanZv, civatbm
[qam flcn {am Avcm,
\{XmWn hnkv^penvKmx
Atbm, KuXam, At temIw Xs AnbmIp
p. Zyp temIsap ]dbp Anv BZnXy Xs
kanmIpp. civanI [qaamIpp. ]I PzmebmIp
p. N{av AMvKmc fmIpp. \{X Xosmcn
IfmIpp.
I K
N P
238
Xkvant Xkvanu tZhx {imwPq
lzXn, Xkym BlqtXx tkmam
cmP kw`hXn.
Ans\bp Cu Anbn AymZnI {i
sbp ]db sSp ApIsf tlmanpp. B Blp
XnIbn \nv tkma\mIp cmPmhv DmIpp.
Amw Jw
(c mas tlmas kw_n cmas ]cym
b ns As Adnbp Xn\mbn B ]cymbw FSp
pp.)
]Pt\ym hmh KuXamn kvXky
hmbptch kanZv, A{`w [qtam, hn
ZypZn, ci\n cwKmcm, {lm Z\tbm
hnkv^penwKmx
Atbm KuXam, hrjvTntZhX Xs An bmIpp.
B ] P\ \ymIp Anv hndIv , hmbp Xs bmIpp.
taLw [qaa amIpp. hnZypv An mIpp. CSno
I\epIfmIpp. KnXi_vZ XosmcnIfmIpp.
Xkvant Xkvanu tZhx tkmaw
cmPm\w PqlzX Xkym BlqtXh
jw kw`hXn.
Ans\bp Cu ]Py\y\mIp Anbn tZh
m tkma\mIp cmPmhns\ tlmanpp. B BlqXn
Xn bn \nv agbpmIpp.
Bdmw Jw
]rYho hmh KuXamn kvXkymx
kwhc Gh k an Zm Imtim
[qtam, cm{Xncn, ntimw Kmcm,
Ahmc Zntim hnkv^penwKmx
Atbm KuXam, ]rYnhnXs AnbmIpp. B
]rYnhn Fp ]dbp Anv kanv kwhcamIp
p. BImiw [qaamIpp. cm{Xn An mIpp. Znp
I AwKmc fmIpp. CSZnpI XosmcnIfmIpp.
Xkvant Xkvan u tZhm hjw
PqlzXn, Xkym BlqtXcw kw`hXn
Ans\bp Cu {]Yn hn bmIp Anbn, tZh
m hjs tlmanpp. B BlqXnbn Aw
DmIpp.
Ggmw Jw
]pcptjm hmh KuXamn, kvXky hmtK
h kanXv, {]mtWm [qtam, Pnlzmf
npcv Kmcmx t{im{Xw hn
kv ]penvKmx
Atbm KuX am, ]pcpj AnbmIpp. B ]pcp
j\mIp Anv kanv hmmIpp. {]mW [qaam
Ipp. Pnlz AnmIpp. Npv AvKmc fmIp
p. t{im{Xw XosmcnIfmIpp.
Xkvant Xkvan u tZhm Aw
PqlzXn Xkym B lqtX tcXx kw`hXn
Ans\bp Cu ]pcpj\mIp Anbn tZh
m {holn apXembh sImpmsSp Aw tlman
pp. B BlqXnbn \nv tcXkv DmIpp.
Fmw Jw
tbmjm hmh KuXamn, kvXkym D]
Gh kan, ZypZp]a{btX k
[qtam, tbm\ncn, Zx ItcmXn
tX fv Kmcm.
Atbm KuXam, kv{Xo AnbmIpp. Btbmjm
nv kanv D] amIpp. ]Xps ham\w ]d
bpXv [qaamIpp. tbm\n AnmIpp. AImp
Xv AvKmc fmIpp. sNdnb kpJ XosmcnI
fm Ipp.
XkvantX kvanu tZhm tctXm
PqlzXn, Xkym, BlptX K`x kw`hXn.
Ans\bp Cu tbmjmn bn tZhm tcX
ns\ tlmanpp. B BlqXn bn \nv K`w Dm
Ipp.
H]Xmw Jw
CXn Xp ]aym amlp Xm hmhx ]pcp
jhNtkm `hoXn k Dev_mhr
tXm Kt`m Zihm \h hm amkm\x
ibnXzm bmhZzm fY PmbtX.
Cs\ Amas BlqXnbn ApI ]pcpj
Fp t]cphbmbn ocpp. B K`w, Pcmbp Fp
]dbp K`thjvT\m BhrXambnv, ]tm
H]tXm amkmew An AXneev]w IqSntbm
Ipdtm D Imew Dn InSnv P\npp.
I K
N P
239
kPmtbm bmhZm bpjw PohXn, Xw
t{]Xw ZnantXm f b Gh,
lcnbX Gt] tXm bXx kw
`qtXm `hXn.
B P\nh Bbppn Stmfw Imew Pohnp
p. ]tc X\mb Ahs\ ]ctemIs Dtinv Cu {Kma
n \nv Ah GXv Anbn \np hpthm,
Ah GXv Anbn\npmbncnppthm, B An
bntepXs sImpt]mhpp.
]mw Jw
XZy Cw hnZpx, tb tNta fctWy
{im X] CXyp]mktX, tXfnj
a`n kw`hn; Antjm flc
B]qamW ] am ]qamW]m
Zym jU ZtXn amkmw kvXm
]ctemIntep D[zm\w sNp A[nIrXcmb
Krl mcn bmsXmcp Cns\ Adn bppthm,
bmsXmcp Ac Wyn {i X]v XpSnbh D]m
knppthm, Ah Anc `nam\n\nbmb tZhXsb
{]m]n pp. Ann \nv Al c `n am\n \nbmb tZh
X tbbpw Aln \nv, ip]m`nam\n\n bmb tZh
Xtbbpw, A]qcyambW ]n\nv kqcy hS
tmp t]mhppthm, B amk fmb D cmbW tZh
Xtbbpw, DcmbW tZhXbn \nv kwh cm`nam
\nbmb tZhXtbbpw, kwhcn \nv BZnXy
t\bpw BZnXy\n \nv N{ t\ bpw, N{ \n\nv hnZyp
n t\bpw {]m]npp. AhnsS Aam\h\mb ]pcpj
{_temIn\nv hcpp. B ]pcpj {_s
{]m]npp. CXv tZhbm\sap ]dbp am amhpp.
AY b Cta{Kma Cm ]q Z
anXyp]mktX, tX [pa a`n kw`hn;
[qam{Zm{Xnw cmt{X c]c ], a]c
]mZym jUvZnssWXnamw
kmw kvXm, ss\tX kwhca`n
{]m]v\ph n.
{Kman, Chpw ]qhpamb Zm\w XmXv]cy
tmSpIqSn sNpXv BcmtWm Ah [qam`nam\nbmb
tZhXsb {]]npp. [qan\nv cm{Xym`nam\n\nbmb
tZhX tbbpw, cm{Xn bn \nv IrjvW]m`nam\nbmb
tZhX tb bpw, A]c ]n\nv kqcy ZnWZnn
tep t]mIp Bdpamkns A`nam\n tZhXItfbpw
{]m]npp. Ch kwhcm`nam\n\nbmb tZhXsb
{]m]npn .
amtk`yx ]nXrtemIw ]nXrtemIm
ZmImi, amImim{akw; Gj
tkmtam cmPX tZhm\maw, Xw,
tZhm `bXn.
amkfn \np ]nXrtemItbpw, ]nXrtemI
n \nv BImitbpw, BImin \nv N{ a
nt\ bpw, {]m]npp. Cu N{ av {_mWcpsS cmPm
hmb tkma\mIpp. tZhmcpsS Aw AXmIpp. B
A amb N{ a ns\ tZhm `n pp.
Xkvan bmhw ]mX apjnXzmf
ssYXtahm[zm Xw ]p\nh
t XtY X, amImi, amImim Zzm
bpw, hmbp`qXzm [qtam `hXn, [qtam
`qXzm f{Zw `hXn.
A{`w `qXzm tatLm `hXn; tatLm
`qXzm {]hjXn; X Cl {holnbhm,
Huj[nh\kv]Xb, kvXneamjm CXn
Pmbt AtXm ssh Jep Zpnjv{]
]X cw, bmtbm lyan, tbm tc
Xx knXn, XZv`qb Gh `hXn.
B N{ a en Ibwhsc hkn n v ,
ASpp ]dhm t]mIp hgnpXs t]mb Xpt]mse,
hopw Xncnpt]mcpp. BImitbpw BImin
\np hmbphnt\bpw {]m]npp. hmbphmbnonv
[qaambn ]cnWanpp. [qaambnonv hjambn
]Xnpp. Ah ChnsS {holnIfpw bhfpw Huj
[n Ifpw, hrfpw Xnefpw amjfpw apambn P\n
pp. CmcWm \njv{Ian phm hfsc {]bm
kamWv. Bscmw B As `nppthm, an
hmdpw AXns Fmw Ahb htfmSpw BIrXntbmSpw
IqSn b h \mbn Xocpp.
XZy Cl caWob Nc Wm, A`ymtim
l bt caWobmw tbm\nam]tZyc;
{_mW tbm\nw hm {Xnb tbm\nw
hm sshiytbm\nw hm AYb Cl I]q
b Nc Wm, A`ymtim l bt I]qbmw
tbm\n am]tZyc, iztbm\nw hm kq
Ictbm\nw hm Nm etbm\nw hm
B A\pibnIfn BcmtWm Cu temIn tim`
\ amb ioetmSp IqSn b hcmbncnpXv Ah tim`\
amb tbm\nsb AXmbXv {_ Wtbm\ntbtbm {Xn b
tbm\n tbtbm sshiytbm\ntbtbm thKw {]m]npp.
I K
N P
240
bmsXmcp Cu temIn Atim`\ioemcmbncn
ppthm, Ah Atim`\amb tbm\nsb AXmbXv
iztbm\ntbtbm, kqIc tbm\ntbtbm Nmetbm\n
tbtbm thKn {]m]npw.
AssY Xtbmx ]tYm IXtcW N\,
Xm\oam\n p{ZmWy kIrZm ho\n
`qXm\n `hn; Pmbkz{anbtkztXy
XXv XrIXobw m\w tX\m ku
temtI \ kw]qtX; XkvamqKp]vtk
X; XtZj tmIx
]ns GXp `qX Cd cp amfn
Hnepw IqSn t]mIpntbm, As\bp Cu `qX
]e {]mhiyw Bhnp Cu, sImXpIv , ]pgp
apX emb p{Zfmbn `hnpp. P\n epw acn epw
aqmas m\ amIpp. AXpsImv ]c temIw \nd
bpn . AXn\m kwkmcKXn shdpWw.
kvtXt\m lncWyky kpcmw ]n_w Kp
tcmkvXev] am\k {_lm N GtX
]Xn NXzmcx ]am ffNcw
kvssXcnXn
kzw tamnphpw, aZy]m\w sNph\pw,
KpcpZmc sf ]cn{Klnp h\pw, {_Ws\ sImp
h\pw Cu \mept]cpw AhtcmSpIqSn {]hnp
Ama th\pw ]Xnpp.
AY lb GXm ]mo thZ,
\ k l ssXc ]ymNc ]m]va
\m en]ytX ipx ]qXx ]pWytem
tIm `hXn b Ghw thZ, b Ghw thZ
Bcv Cu ]mn Isf Cs\ Adn bppthm,
Ah ta d alm]mX InItfmSpIqSn {]hnm
epw, ]m]m en]v \mIbn . Cs\ Bcp Adnbpp
thm, Ah ip\mbpw ipams h\mbpw ]pWy
amb temIaph\mbpw Xocpp.
]Xn s\mmw Jw
{]mNo\ime Hu]a\yhx kXybx
]uepjn, cn{ Zypavt\m `mthtbm,
P\x im cmtm, _Une Aiz
XcmiznkvtX ssltX almimem alm
t{im{Xnbmx ktaXy aoamwkm N{Iqx
tIm\ Bm, Inw {_tXn
henb b imenItfmSp IqSnbhcpw henb kvtXm{Xn
b mcpamb D]a\yphns ]p{X\mb {]mNo\ ime ]peq
js ]p{X\m kXyb ZmhnbpsS ]p{X\mb C{
Zypav\, icms ]p{X \mb _pUne Ch Hcn
Sv HcpanqInSn. BmthXv {_ GXv Fv hnNmc W
sNbv Xp.
tX l kmZbmw N{IcpmetIm sse
`Khtm fb amcpWnx k{_Xnaam
m\w sshiz\cat[yXn; Xw lm`y
KmtaXn Xw lm`ym Ppx
]qPymcmb Ah Xv D]tZmhns\ Btem
Nnp. AcpWs ]p{X \mb Cu DmeI sshiz\c\m
Ip Cu mhns\ th hn[ n Adnbpp.
Ctm Chs\ \apv A`ymKanmw. Cs\ \n bnv
DmeIs\ A`ymKanp.
k l kmZbmw NImc {]yn amanta
almimem almt{im{Xn bmkvtXt`ym \
khanh {]Xn]t; lm la\ya`y\p
imkm\oXn
B BcpWn hnNmcnp: henb bimenItfmSp
IqSnb hcpw alm t{im{Xnb mcpsS Ch, FtmSp tNmZn
pw. Ahv Ah tNmZn p sXmw ]dp sImSp
phm Rm\pmln pn. Ctm Rm thsdmcp
D]tZmhns\ A`y\pimknmw.
Xm tlmhmNmiz]Xnssh `Khtmf
bw ssI tI bx kw {]Xoaamm\w
ss]izm \cat[yXnXw lm`yKm
taXn Xw lm`yPpx
AhtcmSp ]dp: Atbm `Khmmtc! tItIbs
]p{X\mb Cu Aiz]Xn F cmPmhv thhn[n Cu
sshizm\ c s\ Bmhns\ Adnbpp. Ahs\ Ctm
\apv A`ymKanmw. Fp \n bnv Aizm]Xnsb
A`ymKanp.
tXt`ym l {]m]vtX `yx ]rY KlmWn
Imcbmw NImc k l {]mXx kwPn
lm\ DhmN: \ ta kvtXt\m P\]tZ,
\ IZtm \ aZyt]m \m\mlnXm
nmhnZzm, \ sskzco sskzcnWo,
IptXm, byamtWm ssh `Khtmf
lakvan, bmhtZ ssIIkvam EXzn tP
[\w Zmkyman XmhZv `KhZv t`ym
Zmkyman, h CXn.
I K
N P
241
{]m]vXcmb Ahp {]tXyIw kmc sNn
p. B cmPmhv {]mXx Imen hn\b tmSpIqSn
]dp: Fs \mn I\n . Ir]W C. aZy]\n
. Aym[m\w sNm h\n. hnZzmmtc bpp. ]c Zm
cKa\w sNph\n. ZpNcnWnbmb kv{XoIfn.
Atbm `Khmmtc, Rm bmKw sNm t]mIbmWv.
Htcm EXznn\pw Fpam{Xw [\w Rm sImSpptam
A{Xbpw `Khmmcmb \nv Xcppv. `Khmm
ChnsS hknphn.
tX tNmNpt\ sslhmt\ ]pcpj
tc Xv, Xw sslh htZXv, Bm\
ta thaw sshizm\cw kw{]Xyt[yjn;
Xtah t\m {_qloXn.
Ah ]dp: GXp {]tbmP\s Dtinv ]pcpj
HcmfpsS ASp sNppthm, AXpXs ]dp
sImSp Ww. BmhpX s bmb Cu sshiz\ cs\ icn
bmbn Av Adnbpp. B sshizm\cs\s R
v ]dpXcq.
Xm tlmhmN {]mXhx {]Xnh
m kvaoXn, tX kanXv ]mWbx
]qhm lvtW {]XnN{Iantc; Xm
lm\p ]\ossb sshXZphmN
AhtcmSv Aiz]Xn ]dp. cmhnse \np {]Xyp
cw \Imw. Ah ssIIfn kanpItfmSqInS
]qhm n cmPmhns ASpsNp. Ahsc D]
\ bnmsX Xs Xmsg d bp sshizm\ c hnm\w ]d
psImSpp.
]{mw Jw
Hu]a\yh, Iw Xzamm\hp]m CXn;
Znhtah `Kthm cmPnXn tlmhm
N; Gj ssh kpX Pm Bm
sshizm\tcmbw Xzamm\ ap]mt
Xkvam hkpXw {]kpX, amkpXw
Ipte ZriytX.
D]a\yp ]p{Xm, Av GXv Bmhns\ D]mknpp
Fp cmPmhp tNmZnp. ]qPy\mb cmPmth, tZymhn s\
s Fv almime adp]Sn ]dp. Av D]mkn
pXv kptXPsp ]dbp sshizm\ c \mb Bm
hmIpp. B Bmhns\ \o D]mknpp. AXn \m
\ns Ipen kpXhpw {]kqXhpw, AkqXhpw ImW
s Spp. (AXmbXv \ns Ipenep h Iw sNp
hcmsWw)
Ayw ]iykn{]nbw, Ayw ]iyXn
{]nbw, `hXyky {_hkw Ipte b
GX tahamm\w sshizm\c ap]mkvtX,
aqmtXzj Bm\ CXn tlmhmN; aq
mtX hy]XnjyZy mw\ fKanjy CXn
\o As `n pp. {]nbs ImWpp. Bcv
C{]Imcw Cu sshiz\ c \mb Bmhns\ D]mknpp
thm, Ah Aw `npw. {]nbw ImWpw. Chs Ipe
n {_hkw Dmhpw. Fm CXv Bmhns
aqmhmIpp Fp ]dp. Fs ASp Ap
hn mbncpp Fn, At apmhv hoWpt]mIpam
bn cpp Fp IqSn dp.
]Xn aqmw Jw
AY tlmhmN kXybw ]uepjnx:
No\tbmKy, Iw Xzamm\ ap]m CXn
BZnXytah. `Kthm cmPnXn tlmhmN;
Gjssh hnizcq] Bmsshiz\
tcm bw Xzmamm\ap]mt; Xkvam
h hnizcq]w Ipte ZriytX
]pepjs ]p{X\mb kXyb t\mSv ]dp. A
tbm, {]mNo\tbmKym, Av GXns\ Bmhmbn D]mkn
pp? ]qPy\mb cmPmth BZnXys\s Fp
Ah ]dp. Av GXns\ bmtWm Bmhmbn D]m
kn p Xv, AXv hnizcq] Fp {]kn \mb sshizm
\c \mb BmhmIpp. AXn\m \ns Ipen
hfsc Cl ]c temIpthnbp D]IcWw ImWp
p.
{]hrtm fizXcoctYm Zmko\njv tImf
yw ]iykn{]nbw Ayw ]iy
Xn {]nbw, Zhky {_hkw
Ipte, b GX tahamm\w sshizm
\cap]mkvtX! NpjvtTz XZm\
CXn tlm hmN tm f`hntjym bZn
amw\m ffKanjy CXn.
Aiz XcnIsf sIn bnp cY hpw, Zmkn ItfmSp
IqSnb lmchpw, \n\ p]tbmKs Spp. \o As
`npp. \o {]nbw ImWpp. BcmtWm C{]Imcw Cu
sshizm\c\mIp Bmhns\ D]mknpXv Ah
Aw `n pp. {]nbw ImWpp. Chs Ipen
hrmyb\ karn Dmhpp. CXv Bmhns Np
mIpp. Av Fs ASp hncpnn A
\mbn ocpambncpp Fpw ]dp.
I K
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242
]Xn memw Jw
AY tlmhmtN{Zypav\w `mthbw:
sshbm{L ]ZyIw Xzamm\ap]m
t CXn. hmbp tah `Kthm cmP
nXn tlmhmN Gj ssh ]rY Kz
m ffm sshizmX tcmbw Xzamm
\ ap]mt; XkvamXv Xzmw ]rYKv _
eb Bbn ]rY {KY t{iWtbmf \pbn
`mhnbpsS ]p{X\mb C{ Zypav\t\mSv tNmZnp: A
tbm, hy{Lhns ]p{Xm, Av Fns\bmWv Bm
hmbn D]mknpXv? ]qPy\mb cmPmth hmbphns\
s Fp ]d p. Av GXns\ bmtWm Bmhmbn
D]mknpXv AXv hmbp ]rYKzmshp t]cp
Bmhmb sshizm\ c \mIpp. ]rYKzmsh Bm
hns\ D]mknp Xn\m thsdthsd D]lmc A
bpsS ASp hcpp. thsd thsd tX\nc I Asb
A\pKan pp.
Ayw, ]iykn {]nbw; Ayw
]iyXn {]nbw `hXyky {_hkw
Ipte b GXtah amm\w sshizm
\c ap]mkvtX; {]mWkvtXzj Bm\
CXntlmhmN; {]mWkvX DZ{Inanjy
Zv bmw \ ffKanjy CXn
Av Aw `npp. {]nbw ImWpp. BcmtWm
Cu sshizm\c \mIp Bmhns\ D]mkn pXv,
Ah Aw ImWpw. Chs Ipen {_hkw
DmIpw. Fm CXv sshizm\cs {]mW\mIpp Fv
]dp. Av Fs ASp hn mbncpp Fn
AbpsS {]mW D{IanpIambn cpp Fpw ]d
p.
]Xn \mw Jw
AY tlmhmN P\w: im cmy, Iw
Xzamm\ ap]m CXn. BImi ta
h `Kthm cPnXn tlmhmN. Gj
ssh _lpe Bmsshizm\tcm bw
Xzamm\ ap]mt; XkvamXv Xzw _lp
tem fkn {]Pbm N [t\\ N.
P\ t\mSv ]dp. Atbm, i cm]p{Xm, Av
Fns\ Bmhmbn D]mknpp. ]qPy\mb cmPmth,
BImis s Fpcw ]dp. Av GXn t\
bmtWm Bmhmbn D]mknpXv AXv _lpe Fp
t]cp Bmhmb sshizm\ c \mIpp. AXn\m Av
{]Psb smpw [\wsImpw kar \mbn cn pp.
Ayw, ]iykn {]nbayw ]iy
Xn {]nbw; `hXyky {_hkw Ipteb
GXtah amm\w sshizm\cap]mkvtX,
kwtZlkvtXzj Bm\ CXn tlmhmN
ktlkvtX hyioZymw \m ffKan
jy CXn.
Av Aw `n pp. {]nbw ImWpp. Bcv Cu
sshizm \c \mIp Bmhns\ Cs\ D]mknp
pthm Ah Aw `npw. {]nbw ImWpw. Chs
Ipen {_hkw DmIpw. Fm CXv sshizm
\ cs a[yaicocamIpp. Av Fs AcnIn hn
mbncpp Fn At bpsS icocw hnio ambno
cpam bn cpp.
]Xn \mdmw Jw
AY tlmhmN _pUneamizXcmiznw:
sshbm {]]ZyIw Xzamm \ap]m
CXn. A] Gh `Kthm cmPnXn tlm
hmN. Gj sshcbncmm sshizm\
tcm bw Xzamm\ ap]mt; XkvamXv Xzw
cbnam ]pjv Tnam\kn
AizXcmizs ]p{X\mb _pn et\mSv ]dp:
Atbm hy{L]ns ]p{Xm, Av GXns\ sshizm\
c \mbn D]mknpp Fv tNmZnp. Atbm, ]qPy\mb
cmPmth ApIsfs bmIpp Fv _pne
Dcw ]dp. Av GXns\bmtWm Bmhmbn D]m
knpXv CXv cbn Fp {]kn\mb Bmhmb
sshizc\c \mIpp. AXn \m Av [\ aph\mbpw
]pn bph\mbpw Ccnpp.
Ayw, ]iykn {]nbw, AXyw ]iy
Xn {]nbw `hXyky {_hkw Ipte,
b GXtah amm\w sshizm\c
ap]mkvtX; hkvXnkvtXzj Bm\ CXn
tlmhmN; hkvXnkvtX hyt`y`ymw
\m ffKanjyXn
Av Aw `n pp. {]nbw ImWpp. Bcv C{]
Imcw Cu sshizm\ c\mIpp Bmhns\ D]mknpp
thm, Ah Aw `npw. {]nbw ImWpw. Chs Ipe
n {_hckw DmIpw. Fm CXv Bm
hns hkvXn bmIpp Fp ]dp. Av Fs ASp
hcmXn cpp Fn AtbpsS hkvXnsmn tm
Ipambn cpp FpIqSn ]dp.
I K
N P
243
]Xn t\gmw Jw
AY tlmhmtNmmeIamcpWnw: KuX
a, Iw Xzamm\ ap]m CXn. ]rYnhn tah
`Kthm cmPnXntlmhmN Gj ssh {]XnjvTm
ffm sshizm\tcm bw Xzamm\ ap]mt
XkvamXv Xzw {]XnjvTntXm fkn{]bmP
N hip`n.
Ayw ]iykn{]nbw; AXyw ]iyXn
{]nbw `hXyky {_hkw Ipteb
GXtah amm\w sshizm\c ap]m
kvtX; ]mZutXzXm hm\ CXn tlm
hmN: ]mZu tX hymtkyXmw bmw
\m ffKanjy CXn
AcpW ]p{X\mb DmeIt\mSv ]dp. Atbm,
KuXam, Av GXv Bmhns\ D]mknpp? Fp
tNmZnp. `Khm\mb cmPmth ]rYnhn Xs bmIpp Fv
DmeI ]d p. Av GXv Bmhns\bmtWm D]m
knpXv CXv {]XnjvT Fp ]dbp Bmhmb
sshizm\ c \mIpp. AXn\m Av {]PIsf smpw,
]ip sfsmpw {]Xnjv TnX\mbncnpp. Aw `n
pp. {]nbw ImWpp. BcmtWm Cu Bmhmb
sshizm\cs\ D]mkn pXv Ah Aw `npw
{]nbw ImWpw. Chs Ipen {_hkw Dm
hpw. Fm Ch Bmhns ]mZfmIpp Fv
cmPmhv ]dp. Av Fs ASp BKannmbn
cpp Fn AtbpsS ]mZ Xfpt]mIpambn
cpp FpIqSn ]dp.
]Xn s\mw Jw
Xm tlmhmN: GtX ssh Jepbqbw
]rY Knth aamm\w sshizm\cw
hnZzmwtkm fa; bkv tXzX tajw {]m
tZi am{X aZnhnam\amm\w sshizm\
\p]mkvtX; k kthjp temtIjp kthjp
`qtXjp kthjzmkza n.
cmPmhv ]dp. ""\n Cu Bmhmb sshizm\
cs\ thsd thsd F t]mse hnNmcnpsImmWv Aw
`n pXv. Fm BcmtWm, C{]Imcw {]mtZiam
{X\pw A`nhnam\\pw Bb sshiz\c \mb Bmhns\
D]mknppXv, Ah Fm temI fnepw Fm `qX
fnepw Fm Bm fnepw Aw `npp.''
Xky l hm G Xkyff t\m sshizm\
ckyaqssh kptXPm, phn izcp
], {]mWx ]rY Kzmm, kttlm,
_lptem, hkvXntchcbnx ]rYn thyh
]mZm, hpc Gh thZn, tmam
\n_ln, lrZbw KmltXym, at\mf
\zm lm]N\ Bky amlh\obx
As\bp Cu sshizm\c\mIp Bmhn\v
ZyptemIw aqmhmIpp. BZnXy NpmIpp.
hmbp {]mW\mIpp. BImiw icoc amIpp. A Imc
Wamb ApI aq{XmibamIpp. ]rYnhn ]mZfmIp
p. sshizm\cmI\mb t`mmhns Dcv kwkv Icn
s XdbmIpp. tcma Z`fmIpp. lrZbw
Kml ]Xy\mIpp. a\v A\zmlm hN\mIpp. hmbp
Bl \ h\ob\mIpp.
]sm]Xmw Jw
XZyZv `w {]YaamKtXv Xtm
aobw, kbmw {]YamamlpXnw Pqlpbm
Xv Xmw PqlpbmXv {]mWmb kzm
tlXn, {]mW kv Xr]yXn.
Ans\ Ccns GXv A amtWm HmaXmbn hcp
Xv AXv tlman phm\p km[\ amIpp. GXv tlman
ptm AXns\ {]mWmbkzmlm Fv tlmanWw.
{]mW Xr]vX\mIpw.
{]tW Xr]yXn NpkvXr ]yXn, Np
jn Xr]yXymZnXy kvXr]yXn BZntXy
Xr]yXn Zyu kvXr]yXn, Znhn Xr]yymw
bXv In Zyu ffZnXy m[nXn
jvT XkvXXv Xr]yXn, Xkym\p Xr]vXnw Xr]y
Xn {]Pbm, ]ip`n, cmtZy\ tXP
km {_htkt\Xn.
{]mW Xr]v X\mIptm Npp Xr]v Xns Spp.
Npp Xr]vXnsSptm BZnXy Xr]vXnsSpp.
BZnXy Xr]vXnsSptm tZymhp Xr]vXnsSpp.
tZymhp Xr]vXnsSptm tZymhpw BZnXy\pw GXn s\
bmtWm A[n jvTn X ampXv AXv Xr]vXns Spp.
AXns Xr]v Xnsb XpSv {]Psb smpw ]ip sf
smpw Aw apX embXpsImpw tXP psImpw
{_ hkw sImpw Xm\pw Xr]v X\mbnocpp.
I K
N P
244
Ccp]Xmw Jw
AY bmw ZznXobmw Pqlpbmmw Pqlpbm
Zvhym\mbb kzmtlXn; hym\kv Xr]yXn.
hymt\ Xr]yXnt{im{Xw Xr]yXn; t{im{X
Xr]yXn N{amkvXr]yXn; N{akn
Xr]yXn Znikv Xr]yn `np Xrhyo
jp bXv Inw N Znix t{im{Xw Nm[nXn
jvTn XXv Xr]yXn; Xkym\pXr]vXnw Xr]y
Xn {]Pbm ]ip`nc mtZy \ tXPkm
{_ h tkt\Xn
cmas BlqXn GXmtWm tlmanpXv AXns\
hym\mb kzml Fv tlman Ww. hym\ Xr]v X\mIp
tm t{im{Xw Xr]vX\mIpp. t{im{Xw Xr]vX\mIptm
N{ Xr]vX \mIpw. N{ Xr]vX\mIptm ZnpI
Xr]vX fmIpw. ZnpI Xr]vX \mIptm ZnpIfpw
N{ apw bmsXmns\bmtWm A[njvTnXampXv AXv
Xr]vXamIpw. AXns Xr]vXnsb XpSv {]Psbsm
pw, ]ipsfsmpw Aw apXembXpsImpw,
tXPpsImpw, {_ hkwsImpw Xm\pw Xr]v X
\mbnocpp.
Ccp ]n Hmw Jw
AY bmw XrXobmw PqlpbmXv Xmw Pqlp
bmZ ]m\mb kzmtlXn; Ahm\kvXr]yXn
A]mt\ Xr]yXn hmr]yXn; hmNn
Xr]yym ankv Xr]yXn; Au Xr
]yXn ]rYnhn Xr]yXn; ]rYnhymw Xr]y
m b Inw N ]rYnhoNmn m[nXn
jvTXkvXXv Xr]yXn, Xkym\p Xr]vXnw Xr
]yXn {]Pbm ]ip`n cmtZy\ tXP
km {_htkmt\Xn.
aqmas BlqXn bmsXmp tlmanptm B
BlpXnsb A]m\mb kzmlm Fv tlman Ww. A]m
\ Xr]vX\mIpw. A]m\ Xr]vX\mIptm hmIp
Xr]v XamIpw. hmIp Xr]v Xamhptm An Xr]v Xamhpw.
An Xr]vX\mhptm ]rYnhn Xr]vXbmIpw. {]Ynhn
Xr]vXbmIptm ]rYn hnbpw Anbpw bmsXmnt\
A[njv Tn Xamptm AXp Xr]v XamIpw.
Ccp] n cmw Jw
AYbmw NXpnw PqlpbmXv Xmw Pqlp
bmXv kam\mb kzmtlXn; kam\kvXr]yXn
kamt\ Xr]yXn a\kv Xr]yXn; a\kn
Xr]yXn ]P\y kvXr]yXn; ]Pt\y Xr]y
Xn hnZypr]yXn; hnZypXn Xr]yymw bXv
Inw hNnZyp ]P\yivOm[nXnjvTX kvXXv
Xr]yXn; Xky\p Xr]vXnw Xr]yXn {]Pbm
]ip`nc mtZy\ tXPkm {_h
tkt\ Xn.
\memas BlqXn GXmtWm tlmanpXv AXns\
kam\mb kzmlm Fv tlman Ww. kam\ Xr]vX\m
Ipw. kam\ Xr]vX\mIptm a\p Xr]vXamIpw.
a\p Xr]vXamIptm ]P\y Xr]vX\mIpw. ]P\y
Xr]v X\mIptm hnZypv Xr]v X bmIpw. hnZypXv Xr]vX
bmIptm hnZyppw, ]P \y\pw bmsXmns\ A[n
Xn jv TnX amptm AXp Xr]vXamIpw.
Ccp] n aqmw Jw
AY bmw ]ao PqlpbmXv Xmw
PqlpbmZpZm\mb kzmtlXn, DZm\kv
Xr]yXn.
DZmt\ Xr]yXn XzIv Xr]yXn; XzNn
Xy]yymw hmbp kvXr]yXn; hm bu Xr]y
Xym ImikvXr]yXn BImti Xr]yXn
bXv Inw N hmbp m ffImi m[nXn
jvTXkvXXv Xr]yXn, Xkym\p Xr]vXnw Xr]y
Xn {]Pbm ]ip`nc mtZy\ tXPkm
{_htkt\ Xn.
Am as BlqXn GXmtWm tlman pXv
AXns\ DZm\mb kzmlm Fv tlmanWw. DZm\ Zr]vX
\mIpw. DZm\ Xr]vX\mIptm Xzp Xr]vXamIpw. XzIv
Xr]v XamIptm hmbp Xr]vX amIpw. hmbp Xr]v X\mIp
tm BImiw Xr]vX\mIpw. BImiw Xr]vXamIptm
hmbphpw BImihpw GsXmn s\ bmtWm A[njv TnXam
pXv AXp Xr]vXamIpw.
Ccp] n \memw Jw
k b CZa hnZym\n tlm{Xw PqtlmXn,
bYm fv Kmcm\t]mly `kva\n Pqlpbm
Xv XmZrIv XXv kymXv
BcmtWm Cu sshizm\c Zi\w AdnbmsX An
tlm{Xs tlmanpXv Ahs B Antlm{Xw F{]
Imcw, I\epI \onbnv Nmen tlmanptm AXp
t]msebmbnocpw.
I K
N P
245
AY b GXtZhw hnZzm\ntlm{Xw
Pq]pXn, Xky, kthjp temtIjp k
thjp `qtXjp kthjzmkplpXw `hXn.
BcmtWm C{]Imcw Adnv Antlm{Xw tlmanp
Xv Ahs Antlm{Xw Fm temIfn epw, Fm
`qX fnepw, Fm Bm fnepw tlman s Xmbno
cp p.
XZytYjnImXpeasu t{]mXw {]
ZqtbssXhw lmky kth ]m]vam\x
{]Zqbt b GXtZhw hnZzm\n
tlm{Xw PqtlXn.
BcmtWm Cu sshizm\c Zi\w Adnv An
tKm{Xw tlmanpXv, Ahs Fm ]m]fpw An
bn {]n]v X amb CjoI Fp ]dbp XrWhntij
ns ]n Anbn {]n]vXambm Fns\
bmtWm ZlnpXv , Ans\ Zln pp.
XkvamZp sslhw hn`ypZy]n Nmem
tbmnw {]btZmln sslhm
ky XssZzizm\tc lpXw ky ZnXn, X
tZjtmIx,
C{]Imcw Adnbph Nme\v Dnw sImSpm
epw, Chs B Dn jvTZm\w sshizm\c\mb Bmhv
tlmans Xmbnocpw. B hnjb n Xmsg d bp
tmIw Dv.
btY l p[nXm _mem amXcw ]p
]mkX Ghw khmWn `qXm\yn
tlm{X ap]mkX CXn. An tlm{X
ap]mkX CXn.
GXp{]Imcw Cu temIn hnip _mem
amXmhns\ NpnqSpt\m, AXpt]mse Fm `qXfpw
Antlm{Xw D]mknpp. (hnZzms t`mP\m
temIw apgp h Xr]v X am bn o cp sav kmcw.)
Antlm{Xap]mkX CXn Fp cp {]mhiyw ]dn
cnpXv Aymbw Ahkm\np Fp ImWnm\mWv.
Bdmw Aymbw
Hmw Jw
Cu PKsmw {_n\nv P\npXpw {_
nXs ebnpXpw {_m PohnpXpw
BsWp aqmw Aymbn ]dn pv. {_
n \np PKpmhpXpw AXns ebnp
Xpw AXpsImpXs PohnpXpw Fns\ Fp
XpSp ]dbpp. Hcp hnZzm t`mP\w sNbvXm PK
smw Xr]v X amIpw. AXv Fm `pX fnepw nXnsN
p Bmhv HmsWnse D]] amIbpp. Bmhv
thsd thsd Ccnp ]w AXv A\p]]amIpp.
AXn\m Bmhns GIXzw Fns\ bmWv ImWn
mw. AsXms Cu Aymb n ]dbpp. At
bpw, a\Itbpw IY CXn ]dbpXv hnZy Ghpw
t{ijvTamWp ImWnpp.
tizXtIXplm fcptWb Bk; Xw
l ]ntXmhmN tizXtItXm, hk
{_Ncyw, \ sshtkmaym kva
Ipeot\m \\qNy {__p cnh `hcoXn
AcpWs ]u{X\mbn tizX tIXp Fsmcm Dm
bncpp. Aht\mSp ]nXmhp ]dp. Atbm tizXtI
Xp, \o {_ Ncyw ]menq. Atbm kuaym, \psS Ipe
neph Ayb\w sNmsX {__phn s\
tmse Bbnocm ]mSn.
k l ZzmZi hj Dt]Xy, NXphnwiXn
hjx khm thZm\[oXy alma\m
B \qNm\am\okvX_v[ Gbmb Xw
l ]ntXmhmN: tizXtItXm, b\p
tkmtayZw almam\m A\qNm\ am\o
kvX_vt[mkn? DX X amtZi a{]m
tym, tb\m{ipXw {ipXw `hXy aXw
aX ahnmXw hnmXan Xn.
tizXtIXp ]{p hbmb tm BNmcys ASp
sNp. Ccp]n \mep hbmbtm Fm tZh
fpw ]Tnv almb a\tmSpIqSnbh\mbpw Xm
kmvKamb thZw ]Tn pIgnh\mWp A`n am\
tmSp IqSnbh\mbpw hWanmh\mbpw Krl
n Ign pIqSn. Aht\mSv ]nXmhv ]dp. Atbm
tizXtIXp, kuaym, \o Cs\ alma\mbpw, Xm
ANm\ \msWp hnNmcnp h\mbpw, hWanm
h\mbpw Ccnpp. AXpsImv GXv BtZim {ihn
s SmXv {ihn sXmbpw, DulnsSmXv Duln
s Xmbpw \n bn s SmXv \n bn s Xmbpw
Xocppthm B BtZis imkv{XNmtcym]tZi sf
smv AdnbstS hkvXphns\ \o FpsImp
tNmZnn?
IYw \p `Khx k BtZtim `hXoXn
Atbm `Khmt\ B BtZiw GXp{]Imcn ep
XmWv. tizX tIXp tNmZnp.
bYm tkmssaytI\ ar]nt\hw
hrbw hnmXw kyZzmNm fcw`Ww
hnImtcm \mat[bw; an tItXyh kXyw
I K
N P
246
bYm tkmssaytI\ temlaWn\m khw
teml abw hnmXw kyZzmNm ffcw`
Ww hnImtcm \mat[bw; temlantXy hkXyw
bYm tkmssaytI\ \J \nIrt \khw
ImjvWmbkw hnmXw kymZzmNm ffcw
`Ww hnImtcm \mat[bw, temlantXy,
h kXyw.
bYm tkmssaytI\ \J Irt t\\
khw ImjvWmbkw hnmXw ky
ffcw`cWw hnImtcm \mat[bw, IrjvWm
bkantXyh kXyw Ghw tkmay k
BtZim `hXoXn
Atbm kuaym, GXp {]Imcsam Hcp ar]n
w sImv arns hnImc ambnp sXmw Adnb s
Xmbnocpp. hnImc sap ]dbpXv hmns\ B{i
bn p \ma t[bw am{Xambn cn pp. arnI Fp
XpXs kXyambn pXmIpp. Atbm kuaym, Hcp
kph ]nw sImv kphambnpsXmw Adn
bsXmbnocpw. hnImc sapXv hmns\ B{i bn
ncnpp. kphw FpXpXs kXyambnp
XmIpp. Atbm kuaym Fns\ Fm Hcp \Jw
hmnsmv ImcncppsImp sXmw Adnb s Xm
bn ocpp. hnImcsapXv hmns\ B{ibnp
\mat[ bamIpp. Imcn cpspXp kXyambnpXp
Xs bmbn cpp. Atbm kuaym, B BtZiw C s\
bm Ipp.
\ ssh \q\w `KhkvX G XZthZn
jpx btZy XZ thZnjy IYw taXm
hynXn, `Khmw kvtXzhtaXZv
{_hoXznXn, XYm tkmtayXn tlmhmN
`Khmmcmb Fs Kpcp Ap ]d Cu
hkvXphs\ Adn nn. Fsm CXp Adnnp
mbncpp Fn F\np ]dpXcmXncp sXns\
bmWv? `Khm Xs F\nv AXp ]dpXmepw.
Fv tizXtIXp ]dp. Atbm ku\ym, Ans\ bm
Is Fv ]nXmhv ]dp.
cmw Jw
kztZh tkmtay Za{K BkotZI tahm
ZznXobw; XssI Blpc k tZthZ
a{K BkotZI tahmZznXobw; XkvamZ
kXx kmbX
Atbm kuaym, CXv apv kPmXob ambn thsd Hn
mXpw hnPmXob ambn thsdmnmXpw Bb kp
am{Xw Bbncpp. Bhnjb n Hcp Iq ]dbpp.
CXv ap]v GIwam{XambnpXpw AZznXob hpamb Ak
pX s bmIpp. B Akn \nv kv Dmbn.
IpXkvXp Jep tkmssayhw kyZnXn
tlmhmN; IY akXx kntbtX Xn,
ktzh tkmtayZa{K BkotZI
tahmZznXobw.
Atbm kuaym, GXp {]amWn \nmWv C{]
Imcw kw`hnpXv ? BNmcy tNmZnp. Akn
\nv kv Fns\bpmIpw? Fpw ]dp. Atbm
kuaym, Cu PKv apv GIw XsbmbpXpw, AZzn
Xobhpw Bb kpam{X ambncpp.
XssZ X _lpkymw {]PmtbtbXn,
XtPmfkr PX XXv tXP sFXv
_lp kymw {]PmtbtbXn; XZt]m fkr
PX, XkvamZy{XIzN timNXn tkzZtX
hm ]pcpjkvtXPk Gh XZ[ymt]m
Pmbt
B kv F\np ]eXmIWw F\np {]P\n Ww.
Fv Zi\w sNbvXp. B kv tXPns\ krjv Snp.
B tXPv F\np ]eXmbnocWw; {]P\nWw Fn
s\ Zi\w sNbvXp. B tXPv ApIsf krjv Tnp.
AXn\m FtmgmtWm ]pcpj kwX]npItbm, tkzZn
tbm sNpXv Atm tXPn \npXs Ap
I P\npp.
Xm B] sF _lzyx kyma
{]Pmtb aloXn, Xm AakrP,
XkvamZy{X IzjN hjXn, XtZh
`qbnjvTaw `hXn BZv `y Gh
XZ[ymZyw PmbtX.
B ApI \apv ]eXmIWw, {]P\n Ww Fv
Cunp. Ah {]Ynhocp]amb Aw krnp. AXv
FhnsSbmtWm hjnpXv AhnsSs A[nIamb
Aw DmIpp. B AmZyw ApIfn \npXs
DmIpp.
aqmw Jw
tXjmw J tezjmw `qXm\mw {XotWyh
_oPm\n `hyPw PohP apZv
`nanXn.
I K
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247
Cu `qXv A n \np P\nXv , Poh\n
\np P\nXv, DZv`nn \np P\nXv Cs\ aqp
am{Xsa _nPfpq.
tkbw tZhssXX lmlan
amkvXnt{km tZhXm At\\ Poh
t\m ff\m \p{]hniy \macpt]
hymI c hm Wn Xn.
Cu tZhX Rm Cu aqp tZhXIfn Cu Poh\m
Ip BmhpsImv A\p{]hninnv \ma tbpw cq]
tbpw hymIcnmw Fv Cunp.
Xmkmw {XhrXw {XnhrX tassIImw
IchmWoXn, tkbw tZhtX amkvXn
t{km tZhXm At\ss\h Poth\m
ff\m f\p{]hniy \macpt] hymItcmXv
B tZhXIfn Hmtcmnt\bpw apqp]n Wbp
Xmmw Fv Cunnv An s\ bp kZmnIbmb
Cu tZhX tXPpapXemb Cu aqp tZhXIfn, Cu
Poh\mIp BmhpsImpXs A\p{]thinv \ma
cq] shfnsSpn.
Xmkmw {XnhrXw {XnhrXta ssI
Ima ItcmXv, bYm Xp Jep tkmtay
am tZhXm kv{Xn hr{n hrtZ
ssIIm`hXn Xt hnPm\o loXn.
B tXPp apXemb tZhXIfn Htcmnt\bpw apn
WnbmnXop. Atbm kuaym, Fm Fs\
bmtWm Cu aqp tZhXI Hmtcmpw apnWnbmbn Ccn
pXv A{]Imcw Fs ASp\nv AdnpsImp.
Fv BcpWn ]dp.
\memw Jw
bZttcmlnXp cp]w tXPkkvX{Zp]w;
bqw XZ ]mw; bXv IrjvWw XZ
ky, A]mKmZtcnXzw hmNm
ffcw`Ww hnImtcm \mat[bw {Xo
Wncp]mWotXyh kXyw
AnbpsS tcmlnXamb cq]w GtXm AXv tXPns
cq]amIpp. ipamb cq]w GtXm AXv ApIfpsS cq]
amIpp. IrjvWmb cq]tatXm AXv A ns cq]am
Ip p. An bn \nv An Fp Ah
s]mbvtmIpp. hnImcsaXv hmns\ B{ibnp
\mat[bamIpp. aqpcq] Fp Xpam{Xw kXy
ambn p XmIpp.
bZmZnXyky tcmlnXw cq]w, tXP
kkvX {Zp]w; bqw, XZ]mw,
bXv IrjvWw XZky; A]mKmZm
ZnXyXzw; hmNm ffcw`Ww hnImtcm
\mat[bw, {XoWn cp]mWotXy hkXyw
b{atkm tcmlnXw cq]w, tXP
kkvX {Zp]w; bqw XZ]mw, b
rjvWw XZky; A]mKm{{Xzw
hmNm ffcw`Ww hnImtcm \mat[bw,
{XoWn cp]mWotXyhkXyw.
b ZznZyptXm tcmlnXw cq]w, tXPkkvX
{Zp]w bbvOqw XZ ]mw bIrjvWw
X Zky, A]mKmZznZyptXm hnZypzw
hmNm ffcw`Ww hnImtcm \ma t[bw
{XoWncp]mWotXyh kXyw
BZnXys tcmlnXamb cq]w GtXm AXv tXPns
cq]amIpp. ipamb cq]tatXm AXv ApIfpsS cq]
amIpp. IrjvWamb cq]tatXm AXv Ans cq]
amIpp. BZnXy\n \nv BZnXyXzw t]mbn. hmns\
B{ibnp \mat[bamIpp. aqp cq] FpXv
kXyambnpXv am{XamIpp.
N{s Nph cq]w GtXm AXv tXP ns cq]am
Ipp. ipambnptXtXm AXv ApIfpsS cq]amIp
p. Irjv Wambnp tXtXm AXv A ns cq]amIp
p. N{\n \nv N{Xzw t]mIpp. hnImcsaXv
hmns\ B{ibnp \mat[ b amIpp. aqp cq]
FpXv am{Xw kXyambnpXmIpp.
hnZypns tcmlnXamb cq]w GtXm AXv tXP
ns cq]amIpp. ipamb cq]tatXm AXv ApIfpsS
cq]amIpp. IrjvWamb cq]tatXm AXv Ans
cq]amIpp. hnZyps p cq]w A]Kanp. hnImcsa
Xv hmns\ B{ibnp \mat[b amIpp. aqp cq]
FpXv am{Xw kXyambnp XmIpp.
GX kva sshXZznZzmwk Blpx
]qth almimem alm t{im{Xnbm
\t\mf Zy Im\m {ipX aaXahn
mX apZm lcnjyXoXn tlymt`ym
hnZmw N{Ipx
A s\ bp Cu {Xnhr c Ws Adnnp
Ign pt]mb almimen Ifmb almt{im{Xn bm ]d
npv. Ctm \psS Ipen Hcpht]mepw
{ihn s Sm Xnt\ tbm, a\\w sNs Sm Xnt\tbm
I K
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248
DZmlcn bn . Fsm tcmlnXmZn cq]fn\nv
Ah AXv Adn p.
bZp tcmln X anhm`qZnXn, tXPkkX
{Zp]anXn XZzn Zmw N{Ipx bZp ip
anhm`qZnXy]mw cq]anXn XZznZmw
N{Ipx bZpIrjvW anhm`qZnXykycq]
anXn XZznXmw N{Ipx
bZz hnmX an hm`qZntXyXmkmta
h tZh Xm\mw kamk CXn XZznZmw
N{Ipx bYm Jep \p tkmtayamkvXn
t{km tZhXmx ]pcpjw {]m]y{XnhrXv
{XnhrtZ ssIIm `hXn Xw hnPm \o loXn
GXp cq]amtWm tcmlnXw t]mse tXmnbXv AXv
tXPns cq]amIpp Fv Ah Adnp. GXmtWm
ipsa t]mse Ahv tXmn bXv AXv ApIfpsS
cq]sav Ah Adnp. GsXmcp cq]amtWm Irjv Ww
t]mse tXmnbXv AXv A ns cq]sav Ah Adn
p. GXmtWm CsXp Xncndnbm ]mSnm Xp
t]mse tXmn b Xv, AXv Cu tZhX IfpsS kapZmb sav
Adnp. Atbm kuaym, GXp {]Imc amtWm Cu aqp
tZhXI ]pcpjs\ {]]n nv Htcmpw apqw iap
Xmbn XocpXv AXv Fs ASp \ndnpsIm
p I.
Amw Jw
AainXw t{X[mhn[nbtX; Xkybx
]njvtTm [mXp kvXXv ]pcojw `hXn
tbm ayakvXmwkw, tbmfWnjvTkvX \x
`n s Aw aqp {]Imc n Bbnocpp.
AXns Ghpw eamb Awiw GtXm AXv ]pcojam
bnocpp. a[yaamb Awiw GtXm AXp amwkambn
ocpp. Ghpw sNdnb Awiw GtXm AXv a\mbn
ocpp.
B]x ]oXm kvt{X[m hn[obt, XmUmw
bw hnjvtTm [mXpkvX q{Xw `hXn;
tbm a[yakvXmw kw, tbm fWnjvTx k
{]mWx
]m\w sNs ApI aqp hn[ n Bbn o
cpp. AhbpsS Ghpw qeamb Awiw GtXm AXv
aq{Xambnocpp. Ghpw sNdpXmbnp Awiw GtXm
AXv {]mW\mbnocpp.
tXtPminXw t{X[m hn[obtX, Xky
bx hnjvtTm [m XpkvXZ n`hXn,
tbm a[yax kam, tbm fWnjvTx
kmhmIv .
`ns tXPv aqp{]Imcn hn`ambn
o cp p. tXP ns Ghpw eq amb Awiw
GXmtWm AXv Anbmbnocpp. a[yaamb Awiw
GtXm AXp a BIpp. Ghpw AWphmbnp
tXtXm AXp hmmIpp.
Aabw ln tkmaya\, Bt]m
abx {]mWkvtX tPmabo hmKXn, `qb
Gham `Khm hnm]b XznXn,
XYm, tkmtayXn tlm hmN
Atbm kuaym, a\v A ab amIpp. {]mW Pe
ab amIpp. hmv tXtPmabnbmIpp. Fv BcpWn ]d
p. `Khm\mb Av hopw F\nv a\ n emn
cnI. Fv tizXtIXp At]np. Atbm kuaym A
s\ bmIs Fp ]nXmhv ]dp.
Bdmw Jw
Z[v\x tkmay, aYy am\ky tbmfWnam
k Duzx kapZojXn; XXv kn`hXn
Atbm kuaym, aYn s Sp Z[n bpsS AWphmb
Awiw GtXm AXv tatmmbn Hp tNv s]mp
p. AXv kn mbn ocpp.
Ghtah Jep tkmaymky iyam\ky
tbm fWnamk Duzx kapZnjXn,
Xt\m `hXn.
Atbm kuaym, Cs\ Xs Ain s Sp A
ns Aaphmb Awiw GtXm AXv taevt]mv Hcpanp
s]mpp. AXp a\ mbnocpp.
A]mw tkmay, ]obam\m\mw tbmf
Wnam k Duzx kapZojXn, k
{]mtWm `hXn.
Atbm kuaym, ]m\w sNsSp ApIfpsS
AWphmb Awiw GtXm AXv tat]mp s]mpp.
AXp {]mW\mbn ocpp.
tXPkx tkmayiyam\ky tbmfWnam
k Duzx kapZojXn; kmhmKv `hXn.
Atbm kuaym, AinsSp tXPns AWp
hmb Awiw GtXm AXv tat]mp s]mpp. AXv
hmmbnocpp.
I K
N P
249
Aabw ln tkmay a\, Bt]mabx
{]mW, kvtXtPmabo hmKnXn; `qb
Gh am `Khm hnm]bXznXn;
XYm tkmtayXn tlmhmN
Atbm kuaym, a\v Aab amIpp. {]mW Pe
ab \mIpp. hmv tXtPmabnbmIpp. Fv BcpWn ]d
p. `Khm\mb Av hopw F\np a\ n emn
cq. Fp tizXtIXp At]np. Atbm kuay An
s\ bmIs.
Ggmw Jw
tjmU iIex tkmay ]pcpjx, ]
Zimlm\nam fiox Imaa]x
]n_mfft]mabx {]mtWm \ ]n
_tXm hntyX CXn.
Atbm kuaym, ]pcpj ]Xn\mdp IeItfmSp IqSn
b h\mIpp. ]Xn\p Znhktv \o `Ww Ignm
Xncnq. Ct]mse Pew ]m\w sNbvXpsImq. ]m\w
sNmh\v Peab \mb {]mW hntZw {]m]npw
Fv ]nXmhv ]dp.
k l ]Zimlm\n \m ffi; AY
ssl\ ap]mkkmZ: Inw{_hoan
t`m CXn; ENx tkmaybPqwjn
kmam \oXn ktlmhmb, \ ssh am
{]Xn`mn t`m CXn.
Ah ]Xn\p Znhktbvp `Ww Ignn
. ]nXmhns ASp sNp. ""Atbm ]nXmth Rm
Fp ]dbWw'' Fp tNmZnp ""EXptfbpw, bPqp
Itfbpw, kmatfbpw'' Fp ]nXmhp ]dp. AXp
tIv tizXtIXp ""Atbm ]nXmth F\np tXmpn''
Fp ]dp.
Xw tlm hmN: bYm tkmay, al
tXm f`ymln Xssky tIm fv Km
cx JtZym Xam{Xx ]cninx kym
Xv, tX\ XtXm ]n\ _lpZtlXv
Ghw tkmay, tX tjmUim\mw
Iem \mtaIm Iem fXnin jvTmkymXv ;
Xssb XlnthZm \m\p `hkn;
Aim\m, Y ta hnmky koXn.
tizXtIXphnt\mSv ]nXmhp ]dp: Atbm kuaym,
Fns\ almb hndInp hfnb AnbpsS anm
an\pn t\mfap Hcp I\ ]cnin ambncn ptm B
sNdnb I\sImv AXnt\ m IqSpXembn Zln m
Xv Fns\bmtWm AXpt]mse \ns ]Xn \mdp Ie
Ifn Hv tijnncnpw. B IesImv Ctm \o thZ
Adnbpn. \o `Ww Ignq. ]ns Fs
hmn \nv \n\v a\nemmw.
k lm ffimY ssl\ ap] kmZ
Xw l bXv InwN ]{], kh
l {]Xnt] tZ
tizXtIXp `Ww Ignp. A\ cw ]nXmhns ASp
sNv Aht\mSv Fsmw ]nXmhv tNmZnpthm
AXns\ Fmw Ah Adnncpp.
bYm tkmay altXmf `ymlnX
sskyI avKmcw JtZymXam{Xw
]cninw Xw XrssWcp] kam[mb
{]mPze tbXv tX\ XtXmf ]n _
lpZtl tZhw tkmay, tX tjmUim
\mw Iem\mtaIm Iem fXninm f `q
Xv; km f t t\m] kamlnXm {]m
PzeoXv. Xssb Xln thZ\\p`hkn.
Atbm kuaym, GXp {]Im c amtWm hnd Inp
hfn bn p henb XobpsS tijn np anman\p
nt\mf ap Hcp I\]ppI Iqn {]Pzennv ap]n
es Agen \np IqSpXembn Zlnn pXpt]mse
\ns ]Xn\mdp IeIfn Hcp Ie Ahtijnncpp. B
Ie Am hfn {]Pzennq. B IesImv
Ctm \o thZsf A\p`hn pp.
A abw ln tkmay, a\, Bt]m
abx {]mWkvtXtPm abohmKnXn
Xmky hnPmhnXn, hnPmhnXn.
Atbm kuaym, a\v A ab sav knambtm.
{]mW Peab \mIpp. hmv tXtPmabnbmIpp.
]nXmhv ]dp. ]nXmhns B hN\w tizXtIXp a\ n
emn.
Fmw Jw
DmetIm lm ffcpWnx tizXtIXpw
]p{X aphmN, kz]v\mw ta tkmaym,
hnPm\oloXn b ss{X Xcv ]pcpjx
kz]nXn \ma kXm tkmay XZm k
tm `hXn, kza]otXm `hXn, X
kvamtZ\w kz]nXoXym NtX, kzwly
]otXm `hXn.
I K
N P
250
AcpW]p{X\mb DmeI ]p{X \mb tizXtIXphn
t\mSp ]dp. Atbm kuaym, Fs hN\ n \np
kz]v\ms Adnbq Fp ]dp. Atbm kuaym,
GXp Imen ]pcpj kz]npp. F t]cp Xm
Iptm, Atm ksp ]dbp tZhX tbmSv GIo`q
X\mbn `hnpp. kzcq]s XncnsI {]m]nh\mbn
`hnpp. AXn\m Chs\n kz]npp Fp euIn
Im ]dbpp. FpsImsm kzcq]s
XncnsI {]m]n h\mbn ocpp.
k bYm, iIpXnx kqt{XW {]_tm,
Zniw Zniw, ]XnXzm f\y{Xm ffbX\
ae _v[zm _ \tathm ]{ibX
Ghtah Jep tkmay, Xt\m Zn
iw Zniw ]XnXzm f\y{Xm ffbX\a
e_v[zm, {]mWtathm ]{ibtX;
{]mW_\w ln tkmay a\ CXn.
GXp {]Imc amtWm Nc SpsImv _n s ]n,
Htcm Znnepw NmSntmbn asmcnSv hn{iam\w e`n
msX, _\ \sXs B{ibn ptm, AXp
t]mse B a\v Htcm Znnepw NmSntmbn adsdmcn Sv
hn{iam\w e`nmsX {]mWs\ Xs hv B{ibnp
p. FpsImsm Atbm kuaym, a\v {]mW
\mIp _ \ m\ tmSp IqSnb XmIpp.
Ai\m]n ]mtkta tkmay hnPm\o
loXn bss{X XXv ]pcptjm fininjXn
\mam ff] Gh XZinXw \bt, X
ZyYm tKm\mtbm fizm\mbx ]pcpj\m
b CtXyhw XZ] BNtX i\m
tbXn Xss{X X OqvK ap]XnXw
tkmay, hnPm\oln t\Zaaqew `hnjyXoXn.
Atbm kuaym, Fs hN\ n \np Ai
tbpw ]n]mktbbpw Adnbp. Fv DmeI ]dp.
FtmgmtWm ]pcpj Ainphm Cn pp Fp
]d bpXv, Atm AinsXns\ ApI Xs \bn
pp. GXp{]Imcw tKm\mb, Aiz\mb, ]pcpj\m
b Fp ]dbptm A{]Imcw Atm ApIsf Ai
\mb Fp euIoIm ]dbpp. Ans\ bncn bm
DZvKXambncnp Cu icoc amIp Apcs, kuaym,
\o Adn bq. Cu icocw aqeanmXmbn `hn bn .
Xky Iz aqew kymZ{Xmm? Gh
tah Jep tkmay t \iqvtK\m
t]m aqe a\zn; AZv`nx tkmay,
ipvtK\ tXtPmaqe a\zn, tX
Pkm tkmay ipv tK\ kqea\zn
; kqemx tkmtayamx {]Px
kZmb X\mx kXv{]XnjvTmx
B icocn\v Aw Hgnv aqew FhnsS DmIpw?
kuaym, Cs\ AamIp iqKvw sImv A
ns aqeamb ApIse a\nemq. kuaym, Ap
IfmIp iqKvw sImv aqeamb tXPv Adnbq.
kuaym, tXPmIp iqKvw sImv aqeamb kns\
Adn bq. Atbm kuaym, Cu {]PIsfmw kmIp
aqetmSp IqSnb hbpw kmIp Bb X \tmSpIq
Snb hbpw kmIp {]Xnjv TtbmSpIqSnbhpw BIpp.
AY bss{XXXv ]pcpjx ]n]mkXn
\ma, tXP GhXXv]oXw \btX;
XZyYm, tKm\mtbm fiz\mbx ]pcpj\m
b CtXyhw XtP BN DZ
t\yXn, Xss{X X tZh ipvK ap]
XnXw tkmay hnPm\oln, t\Zaaqew
`hn jy XoXn.
FtmgmtWm ]pcpj ]m\w sNm Cn pXv
B ]pcpj ]m\w sNbzm Cnpp Fp ]d bmdpv .
]m\w sNsXns\ tXPp \bnpp. AXn\m GXp
{]Imcn tKm\mb ]pcpj Fp ]dbptm A{]
Imcw tXP ns\ DZ\y Fv temIw ]dbpp. Ans\
bncns Atbm skuaym, Cu icocwXs DZvKann
p Awpcsav Adnbq. CXv aqean mXmbn `hn
bn .
Xky Iz aqew kymZ\y{XmZnt`ymfZv`nx
tkmay; ipvtK\ tXtPm aqea\zn,
tXPkm tkmay, ipvtK\ kqe
a\zn; kqemx tkmtayamx khx
{]Px kambX\mx k{]XnjvTmx b
Ym\p Jep tkymtayamkvXnt{km tZhXmx
]pcpjw {]m]y{XnhrXv {XnhrtZssIIm
`hXn XZpw ]pckvXm tZh `hXn,
Aky tkmay, ]pcpjky {]btXmhmv
a\kn kZytX, a\x {]mWkvtX Pkn
tXPx ]ckymw tZh Xmbmw
B icoc n\v ApIfmsX aqew FhnsS DmIpw.
kuaym, ApIfmIp irvKw sImv aqeamb tXPv
Adnbq. kuaym, tXP mIp ipvKw sImv aqeamb
kns\ Adnbq. Atbm kuaym, Cu {]PIsfmw
kmIp aqetmSpIqSn b hbpw kmIp BbX
\tmSp IqSnb hbpw kmIp {]Xn jvTtbmSp IqSn
I K
N P
251
bhpw BIpp. kuaym, GXp {]Imc amtWm tXPp apX
emb Cu aqp tZhX I Hmscmpw ]pcpjs\ {]m]nv
apqphn[ambn XocpsXv t\cs ]dnpv .
kuaymtZlw hnpt]mIp Cu ]pcpjs hmv a\ n
GIo`hnpp. a\v {]mW\n GIo`hn pp. tXP
p]cbmb tZhX bn GIo`hn pp.
k b Gtjm WnssaXZmy anZw khx
XXyw, k Bm, XXv Xzakn tizX
tItXm CXn. `qb Gh am `Khm
hnm\]bXznXn bYmtkmtay XntlmhmN.
PKns aqeamb AWpXzw GtXm AXv Cu PK
smamIpp BmthmSpIqSnb AhbmIpp.
AXpXs kXyambnp XmIpp. AXpXs PK
ns BmhmIpp. Atbm tizXtItXm, AXv
\obmIpp Fv BcpWn ]dp. ]qPy\mb Av
hopw F\np a\nemncq. tizXtIXp At]n
p. skuaym, A s\ bmIs Fv DmeI ]dp.
H]Xmw Jw
bYm tkmay a[p a[p IrtXm \nkvXnjvT
n \m\mXybm\mw hrmWmw c
km kahlmc ta IrXmw ckm
Kabn; tX bYm X{X\ hnthIw e`
t apjymlw hrkyktcm fkv anXn;
Ghtah Jeptkmayamx khmx
{]Pmx kXn kZy \ hnZpx kXn
kZy al CXn.
Atbm kuaym, tX\o I a[p Xm] cy
tmSpIqSn \njv]mZnp \m\mKXnIfmb hrfpsS
cksf GIoIcnnv Hsp Ah {]m]nn
ptm A{]Imcw B ck B a[phn Rm C
hrns ckamIpp. hnthNn np m\w
e`npn. kuaym, Cs\Xs Cu {]PIsfmw
kn GIo`hnp kn GIo`hnpp Fv \mw
Adnbpn .
X Cl hymt{Lmhmknw tlm hm hrtIm
hm hcmtlm hmIo tSm hm ]Xw
tKm hm Zwtim hm aitIm hm bZy
Zv`n XZm`hn
Ah Cu temIn hym{Lmtam, lwktam, sNm
tbm, hcmltam, IoStam ]mtbm Cutbm, sImXptIm,
GsXmw Bbnocppthm Xncnphv AsXmw Xs
bm bnocpp.
k b Gtjm fWnssa, XmZmanZw
khw XXv, kXyw k Bm XXv Xz
akn tizX tItXm CXn`qb Gh,
am `Khm hnm]bXznXn XYm
tkmtay Xntlm hmN
PKns aqeamb Cu AWpXzw GtXm, Cu PK
smw AXmIp BmthmSpIqSnb Ah bmIpp.
AXpXs kXyambnpXmIpp. AXpXs PKns
BmhmIpp. Atbm tizXtItXm, AXp \obmIpp.
Fv BcpWn ]dp. ]qPy\mb Av hopw F\np
a\nemn cnI Fv tizXtIXp At]np. kuaym,
As\ bmIs Fv DmeI ]dp.
]mw Jw
Camx tkmay, \`yx ]pckvXm {]mNyx
kyt; ]mXv {]mXoNyx Xmx
kap{ZmXv kap{Ztahm]nbn; k k
ap{Z Gh `hXn Xm bYm X{X \
hnZpcnb alakvaob alakvXoXn
Ghtah Jep tkmtayamx khmx
{]Pmx kX BKay \ hnZpx k
X BKmal CXn
Atbm kuaym, Cu Ingtmp t]mIp \ZnI
Ingt Znn tev HgpIpp. ]Snmtdmp t]mIph
]Sn mtdmv HgpIpp. Ah kap{Zn \npmbn
kap{Zns ebn pp. AXv kap{Zw Xs bmbn
ocpp. B \ZnI Fns\bmtWm Rm C \Zn
bmIpp Rm C\Zn bmIpp Fv Ah Adnbpn
m. Cu {]PIsfmw kn \np hnv \mw kn
\np hcpp Fv Adn bpn.
X C l hymt{Lm hm knwtlm hm
hrtIm hm hcmtlm hm IotSm hm
]Xw ftKm hm aitIm hm bZyZv
`hn XZm`hn
k b Gtjm f Wn ssaX ZmyanZw
khw XXv kXyw k Bm XXv
Xzakn tizX tItXm CXn `qb
Gh am `Khm hnm]mb
XznXn XYm tkymtayXn tlmhmN
X Cl hymt{Lmhm CXymXn bpsS hymJym\w apne
ttmse XsbmIpp. ]nXmhs hN\w tIXn\p
I K
N P
252
tijw tizXtIXp ]dp, temIn, Pen, hoNn
XcwKw, t^\w, _pZv_pZw apXembh DmIpIbpw Imc
Wcq]w {]m]np \inpIbpw sNpp. Fm Poh
Znhkw tXmdpw kpjp]vXnbnepw, ac Wn epw, {]f
bnepw AXns ImcWns Ahsb {]m]np
sImncp npw \inm Xn cn p X n s\ bmWv
Zrmw sImv F\np ImWnpXcWw CXp tIp
]nXmhv As\ BIs Fp kXnp.
]Xn s\mmw Jw
Aky tkmay altXm hrky tbm
aqte f`yml\ymoh {kthXv,
tbmat[y f`yml\ymoh {kthXv,
tbm ft{K f`ym l\ymoh {kthXv,
k Gj Poh\m ff\m f\p {]`qXx
t]]obamt\m tamZamt\m kvXnjvTXn
Atbm kuaym, Cu almb hrns aqe
n Bsc nepw shpIbmWn Pohnncp Id Hen
pw. Bscnepw a[yn shpIbmWn Pohnn
cpv Id Henpw. Bscnepw Av shpIbmWn
Pohnn cpp Id Henpw. As\bp Cu hrw
Poh\mIp Bmhn \m A\phym]vXambnv ]m\w
sNbvXpsImv tamZn p\nevpp.
AkybtZImw imJmw Pothm Plm
XyY km ipjyXn; ZznXobmw PlmXy
Y km ipjyXn; XrXobmw ClmXyY
kmipjyXn; khw PlmXn khx ipjyXn
Cu hrns Hcp imJ Poh FtmhnSp
pthm Atm B imJ DWpp. cmas
imJsb Ftm hnSppthm Atm AXv DWpp.
apgph hrss Ftm hnSppthm Atm
apgph hrhpw DWn tmIpp.
Ghtah Jep tkmay, hnoXn
tlm hmN Pohmt]Xw hmh
InteZw {anbtX, \ Pothm {]nbX
CXn. k b Gtjmf Wnssa XZmy
anZw khw XXyw, k Bm, XXv
Xzakn tizXtItXm, CXn `qb Gh
am `Khm hnm]bXznXn XYm
tkmayXn tlmhmN
Atbm tkmaym, CXpt]mseXs Poh\m hnap
amb Cu icocw Xs acnpp. Poh acnpp.
Fv Adnbq Fv DmeI ]dp. Poh \nXyamIp
p. PKns aqeamb ksp ]dbp AWp`mh
tatXm, AXp Cu PKns Fmw Bmhmbncnpp.
AXp kXyambncnpp. Atbm tizXtItXm, AXp \o
Xs bmIpp. ]nXmhv ]d XptI tizXtIXp ]dp.
AXyqehpw \macq] tfmSpIqSn b Xpamb PKv
AXyw kqv ahpw \macq] cln hpamb kn \nv
DmIpsX ns\sbv F\np a\ nemn cWw.
Ans\bmIs Fv DmeI ]dp.
]{mw Jw
\yt{Km[^eaX BltcXn. CZw `K
h CXn. `nv[oXn `nw `Kh CXn
Ina{X ]iy koXn. AWzy Cth am
[m\m `Kh CXn. Bkmaw ssKImw
`nMv[oXn. `nw `Kh CXn. Ina{X
]iykoXn \Inw N \ `Kh CXn
\y t{Im[ ns (t]cmens) Hcp ^ew sImphcq.
Fv DmeI ]dp. AXp s]mnp ]nXmhv Bhiy
s p. AXp s]mnp. `Khm t\, Atm ChnsS \o Fp
ImWpp? Fp ]nXmhv tNmZnp. hfsc sNdnb _oP
ImWpp Fv ]p{X Dcw ]dp. FtSm Ch
bn Hp s]mnq Fp ]nXmhp ]dp. s]mnp. `K
hmt\ Fp chpw ]dp. CXn FmWp ImWp
sX DmeI tNmZnp. Hpw ImWpn `Khmt\ Fv
Dcw ]dp.
Xw tlmhmN: bw ssh tkmssay
X aWnam\w \ \n `mebk GXky
ss]tkm ssay tjm fWnav\ Ghw
alm \yt{Km[ kvXnjvTXn; {i
z tkmtayXn.
Btiz X tIXphnt\mSv ]nXmhp ]dp: \o GXWnam
hn s\bmtWm ImWmXncn pXv kuaym, Cu AWnam
hns Imcyambn Cu hepXmb t]cm acw Dmbn\n
ev pp. A tbm, kuaym, {inq.
k b Gtjm fWn ssa, XZmyanZw khw,
XXyw k Bm, Xzakn tizX
tItXm CXn, `qb Gh am `Khm
hnm]bXznXn XYm tkmtayXn tlm hmN.
PKns aqeamb Cu AWpXzw GtXm AXv Cu
PKsmw BmthmSp IqSnb Xns AhbmIpp.
AXv kXyambnpXmIpp. AXp PKns Bmhm
Ipp. AXv \obmIpp. ]qPy\mb Av hopw F\np
a\ nemn cq. kmWv PKns aqesan {]Xy
ambn AdnbmXv FpsImmWv? kuaym, Ans\
BIs Fv ]nXmhv ]dp.
I K
N P
253
]Xn aqmw Jw
ehWtaXZpZtIyh[m bY am {]mXcp
]koZYm CXn kXYm NImc Xw
tlmhmN btmjm ehW apZtI?
hm[m AvK XZml tcXn Xmhar
iy \ hnthZ bYm; hneo\tah
Cu ehWs shn Cnv cmhnse Fs ASp
phcq. Fp ]nXmhp ]dp. tizXtIXp AXpt]mse
sNbvXp. Aht\mSp ]nXmhv ]dp. cm{Xnbn GXp
ehWw \o sh n Cpthm, AXv FSppsImp
hcq Fv B ehWs t\mn ]dp. AXv apv Fn
s\ bn cppthm Ans\ In. AXv sh n Aen
pt]mbn cpp.
AvKmkymmZmNmtaXn IYanXn
ehWanXn a[ymZmNmtaXn IYanXn
AmZmNmtaXn IYanXn ehWanXn
A`n{]msskyXZY tam]koZYm CXn
X XYm NImc XizXv kwh
tX Xw tlmhmN A{Xhmh Ine k
Xv tkmay \ \n`mebtk? ss{XhInteXn.
Atbm hm, Cu Pens apI`mKp \nv
BNanq. Fp ]nXmhv ]dp. Fns\ Ccnpp
Fp tNmZnp. Dpc kapv Fv ]p{X adp]Sn ]dp.
a[yn\nv BNanq Fp ]dp. Fns\bncn
pp Fp tNmZnp. Dpc kapv adp]Sn ]dp. ASn
bn\nmNanq CXn\ptisj Fns\bn cnpp
Fp ]nXmhp tNmZntm Dp ckapv Fp ]p{X
Dcw ]dp. Cu ehWw Ifnv Fs AcnIn
hcq. Fp ]nXmhv ]dp. ]nXmhp ]dXpt]mse
tizXtIXp sNbvXp B ehWw Fmbvt]mgpw DXmbn
Ccnpp Fp ]dp. Aht\mSp ]nXmhv ]dp.
kubm C s\Xs Cu ico cn s bp
kns\ \o ImWpn. Cu icoc ns thsd
D]mbw sImv AXns\ \n\p {]Xyammw.
k b Gtjm fWn ssa XZmyanZw
khw XXv kXyw, k Bm, XXv
Xzakn tizXtItXm, CXn. `qb
Gham `Khm hnmhbXznXn
PKns aqeamb Cu AWpXzw, Cu PKsmw
CXmIp BmthmSpIqSn bXns Ah bmIpp.
AXpXs kXyambnpXmIpp. AXpXs PK
ns Bmhv BIpp. Atbm tizXtIXp AXp \o
XsbmIpp. ]qPy\mb Av hopw F\nv a\n
emncpI Fv tizXtIXp At]np. kuaym,
As\ BIs Fv DmeI A\phZnp.
]Xn memw Jw
bYm tkmay, ]pcpjw Kmtct`ymf`n
\mam\ob Xw XtXm fXnPt\
hnkr tPXv; k bYm X{X {]mv thm
Zv hm f[cmv hm {]Xyv hm {]
[vamboXm`n\ m B\otXm fZn\
mtm hnkrx
Xky bYm f`n\l\w {]apNy {]{_qbm,
tZXmw Zniw Kmcm GXmw Zniw
{]tPXn k{KmamZv {Kmaw ]r ]ntXm
ta[mho Kmcmt\ thm]ktZyX;
Ghta t]lm ffNmhm ]pcptjm thZ;
Xky XmhtZh Nncw bmh hntamtyf
Y kXv kty CXn.
Atbm kuaym, F{]Imcw Hcp ]pcpjs\ Kmc tZ
in\nv A`n\ m\mbnsImv hp Ahs\ P\
fnmnSp hnp. Ah Ingtmv apJamtbm hS
tmv apJamtbm sXtmp apJ amtbm ]Snmtdmp apJ
amtbm Rm IpsInb h\mbnsImphp. IpI
sInb h\mbn hnkn s p. i_vZapm sSpXv
Fns\bmtWm, Ahs Ip sInbXp hnSnbnv
Cu ZnnemWv KmmctZiw, Cu Znntep t]mhpI
Fp ]dpsImSppIbpw sNpp. ]nX\pw,
_pn am\w Bb Ah tNmZnv Hcp {Kman\npw
asmcp {Kmansen Kmmc tZip Xs sNptN
cpw. CXpt]mse ChnsS BNmcy\p ]pcpj Adnbp
p. Ah Ftm hsc, Ahs icocs hnSp
tbm, AXphsc am{Xta Xmakapq. icocw hnSptm
kn GIo`hnpp.
k b Gtjm fWnssa XZmyanZw
khw XXv kXyw k Bm XXv
Xzakn tizX tItXm, CXn `qb
Gh am `Khm hnm]bXznXn
XYm tkmtayXn tlmhmN
PKns aqeamb AWpXzw BmthmSp IqSnb
Xns Ah bmIpp. AXpXs kXyambnp XmIp
p. AXpXs PKns BmhmIpp. Atbm tizX
tIXm AXp \o XsbmIpp. ]qPy\mb Av hopw
F\np ]d pXmepw. kuaym, As\ BIs Fv
DmeI ]dp.
I K
N P
254
]Xn \mw Jw
]pcpjw tkmtaym ]Xm]n\w mXbx
]]mktX Pm\mkn amw, Pm\m
kn amanXn, Xky bmh hmv
a\kn kZy tX, a\x {]mtW,
{]mWpkvtX Pkn, tXPx ]ckymw
tZhXmbmw, Xmhm\mXn.
Atbm kuaym, Pzcw apXemb kpJ tSp ]nSnp
acn phm t]mIp ]pcpjs\ _p Fs Adn
bptm, Fs Adn bptm Fp tNmZnp sImv Npn
qSpp. GXphsc Ahs hmv a\ nepw, a\v {]mW
\nepw, {]mW tXPnepw tXPp]cbmb tZhXbnepw
GIo`hnpntbm AXphsc Ah Adnbpp.
AY Zm fky hmv a\kn kw]Zy
tX, a\x {]mtW {]mWkvtX Pkn, tX
Px ]ckymw tZhXmb aY \ Pm\mXn.
Ftm Cu acnphm InSphs hmv a\
nepw a\v {]mW\nepw, {]mW tXPnepw tXPv
]c bmb tZhXbn epw, GIo`hnppthm Atm Adn
bpn .
k b Gtjm fWnssaX Zmy anZw
khw, XXv kXyw k Bm, XXv
Xzakn tizXtItXm CXn `qb Gh
am `Khm hnm]b XznXn XYm
tkmtayXn tlmhmN
PKns aqeamb AWpXzw BmthmSpIqSnb
Xns AhbmIpp. AXpXs kXyambnpXv
BIp p. AXp sXs PKns Bm hm Ip p.
Atbm tizX tItXm, AXv \o Xs bmIpp. ]qPy\mb
Av hopw F\nv a\ nemncq Fv tizXtIXp
At]np kuaym As\ BIs DmeI ]dp.
]Xn \mdmw Jw
]pcpjw tkmtaymX lkvX KrloX
am\by hlmjnXv kvtXbaImjoXv,
]cipa kvssa X]tXXn. k bZn
Xky Im `hXn XX Ghm\rXam
m\w IpcptX, tkm f\rXm`n ktm
f\rtX \m ffm\amb ]cipw
X]vXw {]XnKrlvWmXn k ZlytXfY
l\ytX
Atbm kuaym, Hcp ]pcpjs\ _ lkvX\mbn cmP
]p{Xm sImphp. Ch [\w A]l cnp. tamjWw
sNbvXp. Ch\pthn agp ]gpnphn Fp ]dp.
Ah tamjW ImhmIpp Fn AXn\m Xs
Ah \ h Ak Xy \m p p. A\r X \mb A`n k
ntbmSpIqSnb Ah, A\rXw sImv Ah\ hs\ adn
nv ]gp agphmpp. Ah Zlnpp. Atm
l\n s Spp.
AY bZn Xkym Im `hXn, XX
Gh kXyam m\w IcptX, kk
Xym`nkx ktXy\m ffm\ a
mtb ]cipw X]vXw {]Xn KrlvWm
Xn, k\ ZlytX f Y apNytX
Ah B tamjWns AImhmWv Fn
AXn\ms Ah\hs\ kXyap h\mn sNpp.
kXyamb A`nkntbmSpIqSnb Ah kXyw sImv
Ah\hs\ adnnv ]gp agp hmpp. Ah thhp
n . A\ cw tamNnn sSpp.
]gp agp hn\pw ssI e n\pw Xn ep
kwtbmKw cp t]pw XpeyamWnepw tamnhs
ssI thhpIbpw aths ssI thhmXn cn pIbpw sN
pp.
k bYm X{X \mZm tlyX, sFXZm
y anZw khw XXv kXyw k Bm,
XXv Xzakn tizXtItXm, CXn X
mky hnP mhn Xn, hnPmhnXn.
kXyn A`nknbph F{]ImcamtWm
X]vX]cip{KlWw sNptm ZlnmXncnpXv, AXv
C s\ bmIpp. BmthmSp IqSnb Xns Ah PK
ns aqeamb AapXzamIpp. AXpXs PKns
BmhmIpp. AXpXs kXyambn pXmIpp.
Atbm tizXtItXm, AXp \o Xs bmhpp. ]nXmhns
Cu hN\w tizXtIXp a\n emn.
hnImcq]amb A\rXn D A`nknbm Dm
Ip Pohm hnm\s \nhnnp XmWv XXv
Xzakn Fp hmIyw. AXns hniZoIcWw Cu
Aymb nepsmpp.
Ggmw Aymbw
Hmw Jw
Aioln `Kh CXn tlm]kkmZk\
Ipamcw \mcZx Xw tlmhmN: btZz
tX\ tam]koZ, XXkvX Duw hymaoXn
I K
N P
255
\mc Z `Khmt\ Ayb\w sNnmepw Fp
a{w sImv k\Ipamcs\ D]kZnp. Atl tmSp
k\ Ipamc ]d p. Atv Fdnbmtam, AXns\
shfnsSpnsmv Fs D]kZnq. AXn\pta
Rm ]dpXmcw.
ktlmhmN: EtKzZw `Kthmft[yan;
bPqthZw, kmathZamYhWw NXp
, anXnlmk ]pcmWw, ]aw, th
Zm\mw thZw, ]n{Xyw, cminw, ssZhw,
\n[nw, hm tIm hmIy, taImb\w, tZ
h hnZymw, {_ hnZymw, {X hnZymw,
\{XhnZymw, k tZh\ hnZym
taXXv `Kthm ft[yan
\mc Z ]dp. `Khms\ EtKzZw F\ndnbmw.
bPqthZw, kmathZw, \memat thZamb AYhw,
CXnlmk ]pcmW Amas thZamb `mcXw thZ
fpsS thZamb hymIc Ww, {i Iev]w KWnXw, D]m
Xm\w \n[nimkv{Xw, X imkv{Xw \oXnimkv {Xw
\ncpw, in, Iev]w, O n Xn, `qXX{w [\pthZw
PyuXnjw, khnZy, tZhP\ hnZy CsXmw `Khms\
F\n dnbmw.
tkm flw `Kthm, a{hntZhm kvan;
\m ffhnXv; {ipXw tlyh ta `KhZv
Krti`y kvXcXn timIam hnZnXn;
tkm flw `Khx timNman; Xw am
`Khm timIky ]mcw Xmc bXznXn
Xw tlmhmN: bssZz Inw ssN XZ[y
KojvTm\mssa ssh XXv
Atbm `Khmt\, As\ D Rm a{hnpam
{Xsa BIppp. Bhn\. Fsm B
hnv timIs XcWw sNpp. `Khms\ tmsebp
hcn \nv tIdnhv F\nv Xobmbpapv. `Kmht\
A s\ bp Rm timNnpp. As\ D Fs
`Khm timIns Ac ISnbmepw. Atl
tmSp k\ Ipamc ]dp. Av Cu ]Tnn pXv
GsX mtam CXv \maw am{X amIpp.
\ma hm EtKztZm, bPqthZx kmath
Z, AYhWipXpXvj CXnlmk ]pcm
Wx ]tam, thZm\mw thZx, ]n
t{Xym cmin, ssthm, \n[n, hmtIm
hmIy, taImb\w, tZhhnZym, {_hn
Zym, `qX hnZym Xv {XhnZym, \{X
hnZym, ktZh P\ hnZym \m ssa
sshXXv; \mtam ]mtzXn
EtKzZw \ma am Ip p. bPqth Zw, kma th Zw,
AYhWsa \meams thZw CXnlmk]pcmWw
Amas thZamb `mc Xw, thZ fpsS thZamb hymI
cWw {imIev]w, KWnXw, D]mZimkv{Xw, \n[nim
kv{Xw, Ximkv{Xw, \oXnimkv{Xw, \ncpw, in,
Iev]w O n Xn, `pXX{w [\pthZw PyuXnjw, k
hnZy, tZhP\hnZy CsXmw \maw XsbmIpp. \mas
D]mkn q.
k tbm \ma {_tXyp]mkvtX, bmhm
avt\m KXw X {Xmky bYm Ima
Ntcm `hXn tbtma {_tXyp]m
kvtX, BkvXn `Kthm \mavt\m `qb
CXn. \mavt\m hmh `qtbm fkv XoXn,
Xt `Khm {_hoXznXn
BcmtWm \mas {_sa pshv D]mknpXv
Ah\v GXphsc \mans tKmNc aptm AhnSw hsc
Cw t]msebp kmcw knnpp. `Khmt\ \ma
tm IqSnbXv Fsnepaptm Fp \mc Z
tNmZnp. \ma t m IqSpbXv Dv Fp k\Ipam
c ]dp. AXp `Khm F\np ]dp Xmepw
Fp \mcZ At]n p.
cmw Jw
hmKzm h\mavt\m `qbko, hmKzm
EtKzZw hnm]bXn, bPqthZw,
kmathZ, aYhWw NXp, anXnlmk ]p
cmWw, ]aw, thZm\mw, thZw, ]n{Xyw,
cminw, ssZhw, \n[nw, hmtIm hmIy, ta
Imb\w, tZhhnZymw, {_hnZymw `qX hnZymw
{XhnZymw, \{XhnZymw, ktZhP\
hnZymw, Znhw N, ]rYnhow N, hmbqw Nff
Imiw Nm ] tXP, tZhmw, a\p
jymw, ]ipw hbmwknN, XrWh\kv]
XoRv; izm]Zm\ym IoS]n]oenIw, [w
Nm [w N, kXyw Nm \rXw N, km[p
Nm km[pN, lrZbw Nm lrZbw N,
bssZzhmv \m`hnjy [tm, \[
tm hym]bnjy kXyw \m\rXw,
\ km[p, \m km[p \ \ lrZbtm
\m lrZbtm, hmtK ss]XXv khw
hnm]bXn hmNap ]mtzXn
I K
N P
256
hmKn{nbw \matm A[nIXc amIpp. hmm
Wv EtKzZtbpw bPqthZtbp kmathZtbpw
AYhWsap ]dbp \memas thZtbpw CXn
lmk ]pcmWtbpw, Amas thZamb `mcX
tbpw thZ fpsS thZamb hymIcWtbpw, {im
Iev]tbpw, KWn Xtbpw D]mXimkv{X tbpw,
\n[n imkv {Xt bpw, X imkv{Xt bpw, \oXnimkv {X
t bpw, \ncp t bpw, in, Iev]w, O nXn Ch
tbbpw `qXX{tbpw [\pthZtbpw tPymXnj
tbpw khnZy, thZP\hnZy Chtbbpw tZymhnt\bpw
]rYn hn tbbpw hmbphnt\bpw BImitbpw ApI
tf bpw, tXP n t\bpw, tZhmtcbpw a\pjytcbpw ]ip
tfbpw, ]nItfbpw, irW tfbpw, hr tfbpw
IoS ]XwK, ]n]oen II Chhtcbp Xnt\
bpw, [t bpw, A[t bpw, kXyt bpw, Ak
Xytbpw km[phmbnpXnt\bpw Akm[phmbnp
Xnt\ bpw, lrZb {]nb ambp Xnt\bpw Am Xnt\bpw
AdnbnpXv hmv Dmbncpnsn [hpw,
A[hpw, kXyhpw AkXyhpw km[phpw Akm[phpw,
lrZb {]nbambnpXpw AmXpw Adnbn s SpIbn
mbn cp p. hmpXs CXn s\ sbmw Adn bpp.
hmns\ D]mkn q.
ktbm hmNw {_tXyp ]mkvtX, bmh
ZzmtNmKXw X{Xmky bYm Ima
Nmtcm `hXn. tbmhmNw {_t
Xyp]mkvtX, BkvXn`Kthm hmtNm `qb
CXn. hmtNm hmh `qtbmf kv XnXn
Xt `Khm {_hoXznXn
As\ BcmtWm hmns\ {_sa phv D]mkn
pXv Ah\p GXphsc hmn\p Ka\ambnptm Ahn
sShsc Cw t]msebp kmcw knn pp. `Khm
t\, hmn t\m A[nIXcambnpXv Dtm? Fp
\mc Z tNmZn p. hmnt\m A[nIXcambnpXv
Dv. Fv k\Ipamc Dcw ]dp. AXns\ F\n
p `Kmh ]dpXmepw Fv \mcZ At]np.
aqmw Jw
at\m hmh hmtNm `qtbm, bYm ssh
tZzhm ffae tItZzhmtImte, Zz\ hm
u apnc\p `htXyhw hmNw N
\ma N at\mf\p `hXn; kb Zma
\km a\kyXn a{m\[obotbXyYmYo
tX; ImWn Iphotb XyY IpcptX;
]p{Xmw ]ipwtt tbXytYtX,
Caw N temI aapw tNttbXytY
tX at\mlymm, at\m lntem tIm
at\m ln {_, a\ D]mtzXn
a\v hmnt\m A[nIXcamIpp. F{]Imc
amtWm cp s\nmtb tbm, cp Xmntb tbm, Npcp
nb ssI A\p`hnpXv C{]Imcw hmnt\bpw \ma
tbpw a\p hym]npp. ]pcpj Ftm F\np
a{sf Aymb\w sN Wsav a\psImv hnh
nppthm, Atm Ayb\w sNpp. Ftm
F\nv I sNWsav a\psImv sNm\n
nppthm, Atm sNpp. ]p{X mscbpw, ]ip
tfbpw Cn Wsav a\psImv Ftm hnNmcn
ppthm, Atm Cnpp. Cu temItbpw ]c
tem tXbpw Cn Wsav Ftm hnNmcnppthm,
Atm Cnpp. Bmhv a\mWv . temIw a\m
Wv . {_ a\mWv, a\ ns\ D]mknWw.
ktbm at\m {_tXyp]mkvtX bmh
\ tkm KXw X{Xmky bYm Ima
Nmtcm `hXn, tbm at\m {_tXyp
]mkvtX AkvXn `Kthm a\tm `qb
CXn a\tkm hmh`qtbm fkv XnXnXt
`Khm {_hoXznXn
a\ns\ {_sap hv Bcp D]mknppthm
Ah\p GXphsc a\n\v Ka \aptm AhnsS hsc
kzmX{yw knn pp. `Khmt\ a\ n s\ m A[n
IXcambnpXv Dtm Fp \mc Z tNmZnp. a\n
t\ m A[n IX cambnpXv Xobmbpw Dv Fv
k\Ipamc ]dp.
\memw Jw
kevt]m hmh a\tkm `qbm, bZm
ssh kev]btXm fY a\kyXyY
hmNaoc bXn, Xmap\mav \ocbXn;
\mav\n a{m GIw `hn; at{jp
Im Wn.
kev]w a\nt\m A[nIXcamIpp. Ftm
gmtWm kev ]np Xv, A\ cw a\ ky\w F Ax
IcW hym]m cs sNp p. A\ cw hmns\
t{]cWw sNpp. hmns\ \mans hnjb n
t{]cWw sNpp. \man a{ AS nbncnp
p. a{ fn I A`hnpp.
Xm\n l hm GXm\n kevss]Imb
\m\n, kev]mIm\n, kevt] {]
XnjvTnXm\n. kaIv \p]Xmw Zyhm]r
Ynho, kevt]Xmw hmbpm ffIm
I K
N P
257
iw N kev]m ff] tXP;
tXjmw kwIv\p]vssXy hjw kev]
tX hjky kw Iv \p ]vXym Aw k
ev] tX Aky kwIv\p]v ssX {]m
Wmx kev]t; {]mWm\mw kwIv\p
ss]vXy a{mx kev]t; a{mWmw
kwIv\p ]vssXy ImWn kev]t\; I
Wmw kwIv\p]vssXy temIx k
ev]tX; temIky kwIv\p ]vssXy khw
kev]tX, k Gj kev]x, kev
]ap]mtz Xn.
Cu a\p apXembh kev ]amIpp. Htc KXntbmSp
IqSnb hbpw kev ]kzcp]fpw kev ]n {]Xnjv Tn
X fp am Ip p. tZymhpw ]rYn hnbpw k ev ]n p.
hmbphpw BImihpw kev]np. ApIfpw tXPpw
kev]np. Zyphm]rYnhymZnIfpsS kev]w \nanw
hjw kev ]npp. hjns kev]w \nanw
Aw kaambnocpp. Ans kev]w
\nanw {]mW ka fmbocpp. {]mW
fpsS kev ]w \nanw a{ ka fmbnocp
p. a{ fpsS kev]w \nanw I ka
em bn ocpp. I fpsS kev ]w \nanw
temIw kaambnocpp. temIns kev]w
\nanw PKp apgph kaambnocpp. Cu
kev]w As\ bpXmWv. AXn\m kev]t D]m
kn Ww. C\n kevt]m]mkI\v knnp ^ew ]d
bpp.
kbx kev]w {_tXyp]mkvtX, Iv \p
]vXm ssh ktemIm {[phm {[phx
{]XnjvTnXm {]XnjvTntXm fhyYam\m
\ hyYamt\m f`nknyXn bmh
ev]ky KXw X{Xmky bYmIma Ntcm
`hXn bx kev]w {_tXyp]mkvtX
AkvXn `Khx kev]mZv `qb CXn.
kev]m Zzmh `qtbm fkvXoXn. Xt
`Khm {_hoXznXn
Ans\ BcmtWm kev ]s {_saphv D]m
knpXv, Ah Iev]n shbmb \nXyfpw D]
Ic Wkfpw i{Xp`bw apXembh Cm hbpamb
temI \nXy\mbnpw Botbm]IcW XnI
h\mbpw hy[nmh\mbpw {]m]npp. kev]
ns tKmNcw GXp hsc bm tWm, AhnsS Ah\v
kzmX{yw knnpp. `Khmt\, kev]tm IqSn
bXmbn Fsnepaptm Fv \mc Z tNmZnp. k
ev ]t m IqSnbXv Xobmbpw Dv. AXns\ `Khm
\mb Av F\np ]dpXmepw. Fp \mc Z At]
n p.
Amw Jw
Nnw hmh kev]mZv `qtbm, bZmssh
tNXbtX fY kev]btX; AYa\ky
Xn; AYhm NaocbXn; Xmap\mav\o
cbXn; \ma \na{m GIw `h;
at{jp ImWn.
Nnw, kev]tm IqSnbXmIpp. Ftm
gmtWm tNX\sbp ]dbp hym]mcw DmIpXv
Atm kev ]npp. A\ cw a\ky\w Fp ]d
bp hym]mcw sNpp. AXn\ptijw hmns\ Cu
cWw sNpp. B hmns\ \ma n t{]cWw sNp
p. \man a{ Hmbnocpp. a{ fn
I Hmbnocpp.
Xm\n l hm GXm\n Nnss ImbX
\m\n Nnmm\n Nnt {]XnjvTnXm
\n; XkvamZyZy]n _lphnZNntm `hXn,
\mbakvXotXy ssh\amlpx bZbw thZ
bZzm Abw hnZzm t\ a Nnx
kymZnXn AY bZymev]hnnhm `hXn,
Xkvam Gthm \ ip{iqjt. Nnw
tly sshjmtaIm bX\w, Nnamm,
Nnw {]XnjvTm Nn ap]mtXn.
kev ]w apX I^ ewhsc bp hsbmw Nnw
FpXs BbXambnp hbpw, NnmIepw
Nnn {]Xn jvTn X fpamIpp. hfsc Adn hph
\mWnepw Nn anm h\mbncnpp Fn, Ah
C Fp Xs Chs\ ]d bpp. Ch Adnbpp
ntem, Adnnp h\msWntem C{]Imcw Nn anm
h\mbn `hbn sbpw ]dbpp. ]ns Aev]w
Adnhp h\mbn cnpp Fn Ah ]dbp kwK
Xn Isf s {ihnphm Cn pp. Cu kev]mZn
bpsS Htc Bb X\w Nn amIpp. Bmhp Nn amIp
p. {]XnjvT NnamIpp. Nns D]mkn Ww.
k bnw {_tXyp]mkvtX Nnm
ssh ktemIm {[phm {[phx {]Xn
jvTnXm {]XnjvTntXm fhyYam\m\hy
Yamt\m f`n knXn bmhnky KXw
X{Xmky bYm ImaNmtcm `hXn, bn
w {_tXyp ]mkvtX. AkvXn `Khn
I K
N P
258
mZv`qb CXn NnmZzmh `qtbmf
kvXoXn Xt `Khm {_hoXznXn
As\ BcmtWm, Nns {_sap hv D]m
knpXv B Nntm]mkI _pnams KpW
fm, kar fpw \nXyfpw kthm]Ic Wk
fpw, hyYbnm hbpamb temIse \nXy\mbpw
Botbm]IcW k \mbpw hyYbnmh\mbpw
{]m]npp. GXphsc bmtWm Nn n\p tKmNcambn
pXv AhnsS Ch\v kzmX{yw DmIpp. `Khms\
Nn t m A[nIX c ambnpXv Fsnepaptm
Fv \mc Z tNmZnp. Nntm IqSnbXv Xo
bmbpw Dv Fv k\Ipamc ]dp. AXp F\np
]dpXcq Fp \mcZ At]np.
Bdmw Jw
[ym\w hmh NnmZv`qtbm, [ymbXoh
]rYnho, [ymb Xohmcow, [ymbXo
hZyu, [ybohm fft]m, [ymboh
]hXm, [ymboh tZha\pjym: kvX
kvamZy Cl a\pjymWmw almw {]m
]v\phn, [ym\m]mZmwim C ssh h
tX `hn; AY tb f ev]mx Ielo\x
]nip\m D]hmZn\kvtX, AYtb {]
`thm [ym\m]mZmw im Csslh tX
`hn [ym\ap]mtzXn k tbm [ym\w {_t
Xyp]mkvtX bmhZv [ym\\yKXw X{Xmky bYm
Ima Ntcm `hXn tbm [ym\w {_tXyp
]mkvtX AkvXn `Kthm [ym\mZv `qb CXn
[ym\m Zzmh. `qtbm f kvXXn Xt `Khm
{_hoXznXn
[ym\w Nn t m IqSnbXmIpp. ]rYnhn [ym\n
pXpt]mse Ccn pp. Acow [ym\n p Xp
t]mse Ccn pp. tZymhv [ym\npXpt]mse Ccn p
p. ApI [ym\npXpt]mse Ccnpp. ]hX
[ym\npXpt]mse Ccnpp. tZhmcpw a\p
jycpw [ym\w sNpXpt]mse Ccnpp. AXn \m
Cu temIn, a\pjycn BcmtWm al Xzs {]m]n
pXv Ah [ym\ns ^ew e`nXns IetbmSp
IqSnbhsctmse Xs `hnpp. ]ns BcmtWm
Aev ]mc bncnp Xv, Ah Ielioemcmbpw, ]ctZm
jsf shfns Spp hcmbpw, tNcp hn[ n ]c
tZmjw ]dbp hcmbpw Ccn pp. {]`p fmbnph
Btcm Ah [ym\ ^ew Innb Xns IetbmSpIqSn b h
sc tmse Xs Ccn pp. [ym\s D]mkn q.
Ans\ BcmtWm, [ym\s {_ sap IcpXn D]m
knp Xv, Ah\v GXphsc bmtWm [ym\n\p tKmNc
ambnpXv AhnsS hsc kzmX{yw knnpp. `K
hms\ [ym\sm IqSnbXmbn Fsnepaptm
Fv \mcZ tNmZnp. [ym\t m IqSnbXmbn Xo
bmbpw Dv Fv k\Ipamc Dcw ]d p. AXns\
`Khm F\np ]dp Xcq. Fv \mc Z At]np.
Ggmw Jw
hnm\w hmh [ym\mZv`qtbm, hnm
t\\ hm EtKzZw hnPm\mXn bPqth
Zw, kmathZ, aYhWw NXp anXn
lmk]pcmWw ]aw, thZm\mw thZw
]n{Xw, cminw, ssZhw, \n[nx, hmtImhm
Iy, taImb\w, tZh hnZymw, {_hnZym
`qX hnZymw {X hnZymw, \{XhnZymw
ktZhP\hnZymw ZnhwN, hmbpw N
ffImiw N ff], tXP tZhmw,
a\pjymw, ]ipw, hbmknwN
XrW h\]vXXo, izm]Zw, \ymIoSh
XwK ]n]oeIw [wNm [w N, kXyw N,
km[pNm km[pNm, \rXw N, lrZbw
Nm lrZbw Nm, w Nckw tNaw
N temIaapw N hnmt\ ss\h hnPm\mXn
hnm\ ap ]mtzXn
imkv {Xm hnjb Iamb m\w [ym\ t m
IqSn b XmIpp. hnm\w sImmWv EtKzZs Adn
bpXv. bPqthZtbpw kmathZtbpw AYhW
sap ]dbp \memas thZt bpw, CXnlmk]pcm
W tfbpw, Amas thZamb `mcXtbpw, thZ
fpsS thZamb hymIc Wt bpw, {km Iev ]t bpw,
KWn Ximkv {Xtbpw D]mX imkv {Xt bpw, \n[nim
kv{X tbpw, Ximkv{Xtbpw, \oXnimkv{Xt
bpw, \ncptbpw, in, Iev]w, OnXn, Ch
tbbpw `qXX{t bpw, [\pthZtbpw, tPymXnj
tbpw KmcpUw, K bpn, \rKoX hmZyinev]mZn
hnm\ Chtbbpw tZymhnt\bpw ]rYnhntbbpw
hmbphn t\bpw BImit bpw, ApItfbpw tXPn
t\bpw, tZhmtcbpw a\pjytc bpw, ]iptfbpw ]n
Itfbpw XrWtfbpw hrtfbpw hym{LmZnI
tfbpw IoS ]XwK apXembh XpSn ]n]oenI
hsc bphtbbpw, [tbpw A[t bpw, kXy
tbpw, AkXytbpw km[phmbnpXn t\ bpw,
Akm[phmbnpXnt\bpw lrZb{]n b ambnp Xn t\
I K
N P
259
bpw, AmXnt\bpw Atbpw, cktbpw Cu
temItbpw ]c temItbpw hnm\w sImpXs
Adnbpp. hnm\s D]mknq.
k tbm hnm\w {_tXyp]mkvtX
hnm\htXm sshk temIm
m\ htXm f`nkn[yXn, bmhZznm
\ky KXw X{Xmky bYm Ima Nmtcm
`hXn tbm hnm\w {_tXyp]mkvtX
AkvXn`Kthm hnm\mZv`qb CXn
hnm\mZzmh`qtbm fkvXoXn Xt
`Khm {_hoXznXn
D]mkn ph hnm\ap hbpw m\ap
hbpw Bb temIsf {]m]npp. GXphscbmtWm
hnm\ n\v tKmNc ambncnpXv, AhnsShsc Chv
kzmX{yw DmIpw. `Khmt\ hnm\ t m IqSn
bXmbn Fsnepaptm? Fp \mc Z tNmZnp.
hnm\ tm IqSnbXv Xobmbpapv Fp
k\Ipamc ]dp. AXns\ `Khm F\np ]dp
XcnI Fp \mc Z At]n p.
Fmw Jw
_ew hmh hnm\mZv`qbx A]n
l iXw hnm\ hXm tatIm _e
hm \mIav]btX; k bZm _eo
`hXy tYmmXm `hXn; DnjvT
]cnNcnXm `hXn; ]cnNcp ]
km `hXn; D]koZ {`jvTm`hXn;
t{imXm `hXn, am `hXn, t_mm
`hXn, Im`hXn, hnmX `hXn,
_te\ ssh ]rYnho XnjvTXn _te\m
cow _te\ Zyu, te\ ]
hXm, _te\ tZh a\pjym, _te\
]i h hbmwknN, XrWh\kv]Xbx,
izm]Zm\ym IoS]XwK ]n]oenIw,
_te\ temIkvXnjvTXn; _eap]mtXn.
ktbm _ew {_tXyp ]mkvtX, bmhZv
_eky KXw X{Xmky bYm ImaNm
tcm `hXn tbm _ew {_tXyp]mkvtX
AkvXn `Kthm _emZv `qb CXn _
emZzmh `qtbm fkvXoXn. Xt `Khm
{_hoXznXn
Atm] tbmKw sImpmIp a\xin hnm
\ t m IqSnbXmIpp. _ehm\mb Hcph \qdphn
m\ hmmsc tmepw Innpp. ]pcpj Ftm
_eap h\mbnocppthm Atm Dm\w sNp
h\mbnocpp. Dm\w sNph\mbncnptm,
]cnNcnphmbnocpp. ]cn Ncn phmbn cn p
tm D]kZPnp h\mbnocpp. A]kZnphm
bn cnptm, {Zmhmbn ocpp. t{imXmhmbn o
cpp; a\\w sNp h\mbnocpp; t_m[hm\mbno
cpp. Imhmbnocpp. ^ew A\p`hnph\m
bnocpp. ]rYnhn _ew sImmWv \nev p Xv. A
cow _ew sImmWv \nevp Xv. tZymhv _ewsImp
nXn sNpp. ]hX _ewsImp nXn sNp
p. tZhmcpw a\pjycpw _ew sImp nXn sNp
p. ]ipfpw ]nfpw XrWfpw hrfpw
hym{LmZn {IqcPpfpw IoS ]XwK apX em
bh XpSn ]nhoenII hfscbp hbpw _ewsImp
nXnsNpp. temIw _ewsImp nXnsNpp.
_es D]mknq. Ans\ BcmtWm _es {_
sa phv D]mkn p Xv, Ah\v GXphscbmtWm _e
n\v hnjb ambn p Xv, A{X tmfw kzmX{yw knn
pp. BcmtWm _es {_saphv D]mkn p
Xv, Ah\v GXphsc bmtWm _en\p tKmNc ambn p
Xv, AhnsS hsc kzmX{yw e`npp. `Khms\ _e
tm IqSnb Xmbn Fsnepaptm? _et m
IqSnb Xmbn Xobmbpw Dv . Fv k\Ipamc ]d
p. AXp `hm F\np ]dpXcnI Fv \mcZ
]dp.
H]Xmw Jw
Aw hmh _emZv `qbkv X kvamZyZ ]n
Zicm{Xomiv \nbm, ZyZypl Poth
ZYhm f{Zjv Tm ft{imXm fam t_mm
Im fhnmXm`hXn AYmkym
fssb {Zm`hXn am `hXn, t_mm `hXn,
Im `hXn, hnmXm
`hXn Aap]mtzXn
Aw _esm IqSnb XmIpp. AXn\m ]p
\mtfpt]mepwAinmXncnp Xmbm, Hcpthf Pohn
ncn p ]w, Zinm Ignbmh\mbpw, {ihn
phm km[nmh\mbpw a\\w sNm inbn
mh\mbpw, t_m[np Xn\v kmayan mh\m
bpw, A\pjv Tnm Ign hnm h\mbpw, hnm\ anm
h\mbpw `hnpp. ]ns Aw e`np h {Zm
hmbnocpp. a\\w sNp h\mbnocpp. t_mm
hm\mbnocpp. A\pjv Tnph\mbnocpp. A\p
I K
N P
260
jvTm\^ew A\p`hn p h\mbnocpp. As
D]mkn q.
Nk tbm fw {_tXyp ]mkvtX fhtXm
ssh k temIm ]m\htXm f`n
kn[yXn bmhZky KXw X{Xmky
bYmIma Nmtcm `hXn tbmfw {_
tXyp]mkvtX AkvXn `Kthm fmZ
`qb CXn AZzmh `qtbm fkv XoXn
Xt `Khm {_hoXznXn
As\ BcmtWm As {_saphv D]mkn
pXv, Ah Aap hbpw, ]m\aphbpw Bb
temIsf {]m]n pp. An\p tKmNc ambnpXv
GXphscbmtWm AhnsS Ch\v kzmX{yw knnpp.
AXn\m As {_sav shv AXns\ D]mkn
q. `Khms\ Atm IqSnbXmbn Fsnep
aptm? Asm IqSnb Xmbn Xobmbpw Dv
Fv k\Ipamc ]dp. AXp `Khm F\np ]d
pXmepw. \mcZ ]dp.
]mw Jw
Bt]m hmhmmZv `qbky, kvXkvamZyZm
kphrnp `hXn, hym[obt {]mW
Aw I\otbm `hnjyXoXn. AYb
Zm khrjvTn `hXym\pn\w {]mWm
`hyw _lp `hnjyXoXn B] G
th am aqm tbbw ]rYnho, bZ
cow bZv Zyu Xv ]hXm b th
a\pjym, bXv ]ih hbmwknN, Xr
Wh\kv]Xbx izm]Zm\y IoS ]XwK
]n]oenI am] Gth am aqm, A]
D]m tzXn
ApI A sm IqSnbhbmIpp. AXn\m
Ftm kphrn DmIpntbm Atm Aw Ipd
hmbnocpsap hnNmcn p, {]mWn I ZpxJnpp.
Ftm kphrjvTn DmIppthm, Atm Aw hfsc
DmIpsap hnNmcnv {]mW B\ ap hbmbn
ocpp. Cu ]rYnhn GtXm, A cow GtXm, tZymhv
GtXm, ]hX Ghtbm tZhmcpw a\pjycpw Btcm,
]ipfpw ]n Ifpw XrWfpw hrfpw hym{Lm
ZnZp ar Kfpw, IoS , ]mI ]o]oenI Chhtc
bphbpw GXmtWm Ah aqfmb ApI
BWv. ApIsf {_ sa zv D]mkn q.
k tbm ft]m {_Xyp]mkvX B]v t\mXn
khm Imamw kvXr]vXnam `hXn;
bmhZ]mwKXw X{Xmky bYm Ima
Nmtcm `hXn tbm ft]m {_tXyp]mkvtX
AkvXn `Kthm ftZ`ym `qb CXn A
tZ`ymhmh`qtbm kvXoXn Xt `Khm
{_hoXznXn
BcmtWm ApIsf {_saphv D]mkn pXv
Ah Fm Ima tfbpw {]m]n pp. Xr]vXn bph
\mbnocpp. GXphsc ApIp Ka \aptm,
AhnsS hsc Ch\v kzX {kmcw knnpp. Ap
Isf {_ sap IcpXn D]mknq. BcmtWm Ans\
D]mknp Xv, Ah\v AhnsShsc kzmX{yw knn p
p. `Khms\ ApIsfm henb Xmbn Fsnep
aptm Fv \mc Z tNmZnp. Xobmbpw Dv Fv
k\Ipamc Dcw ]dp. AXns\ `Khm F\n
p]tZinpXcnI Fp \mcZ At]n p.
]Xn s\mmw Jw
tXtPm hmhmZv t`ym`qbx XZzm G
X Zzmbpam Krlym ffia`n X]Xn; X
ZmlpntimNXn, \nX]Xn, hjnjyXn
hm CXn. tXP Gh XXv ]qhw Zi
bnXzm fYm]x krPtX; XtZX Zqzm
`n Xnc n`n hnZypZv `n cm{lm
Zmcn; XkvamZmlq hntZymXtX
kvX\ bXn hjnjyXn hm CXn; tXP
Gh XXv ]qhw ZibnXzmYm]x kr
PtX, tXP D]mtzXn
tXPv ApIsfm IqSnb XmIpp. A s\bp
Cu tXPv hmbphns\ \n eamnbnv BImis A`n
hym]np X]nn pp. Atm thhn pp, ]gpnp
p. ag s]pw Fv euInIm ]dbpp. tXPp Xs
As\ BZyw Xm shfns Spn bnv ApIsf
krnpp. AXpsImv tatmp t]mIphbpw hne
n t]mIphbpamb hnZyppItfmSp IqSn CSn
\mZ k cnpp. AXn\m an apgpp;
hjapmhpw Fv BfpI ]dbpp. tXPns\
{_ saphv D]mkn q.
k bkv tXtPm {_tjpXyp]mkvtX
tXPkzo ssh k tXP kztXm
temIm `mkztXm f] lX XakvIm
\`nkn[yXn. bmht Ptkm KXw
I K
N P
261
X{Xmky bYmImaNmtcm `hXn. b
kvtXtPm {_tXyp]mkvtX. AkvXn `Kh
thm tXPtkm `qb CXn. tXPtkm
hmh `qtbm fkvXnXn Xt `Khm
{_hoXzn Xn.
Ans\ BcmtWm tXP ns\ {_ sa phv D]m
knpXv Ah tXPkznbmbnocpp. tXPp
hbpw {]Imiaphbpw _mlyhpw B`ychpamb
Xap \onbn phbpamb temI {]m]npp.
tXPns tKmNcw GXphsc bmtWm, AXphsc Ch\v
kmckzmX{yw DmIpp. tXPns\ {_ ambn D]m
knq. `Khmt\ tXPnt\ m IqSn bXmbn Fsn
epaptm Fv \mc Z tNmZn p. Xobmbpapv Fv
k\Ipamc ]dp. Fm `Kh AXp F\np
]dpXctW \mcZ At]np.
]{mw Jw
BImtim hmh tXPtkm `qbm;
BImti ssh kqcym N{a kmhp `u
hnZyp {XmWyncmImti\m lzb
XymImti\ irtWmXymImti\ {]
Xn{iptWmXym Imti caX BImti
\ caX BImti PmbX BImi
a`nPbtX; BImiap]mtz Xn.
BImiw tXPns\ m IqSnbXmIpp. kqcyN{
m cpt]cpw hnZyppw \{Xfpw Anbpw BIm
in BIpp. BIminIqSn Blzm\w sNp
p. BImineqsS tIpp. BImiw hgnbmbn
hopw tIpp. BImin canpp. BImi
n canmXncnpp. BImin P\npp. BIm
in tev P\npp. BImis D]mkn q.
k b BImiw {_tXyp]mkvtX
BImihtXm ssh ktemIm
{]ImihtXm kw_m[m\p cpKmb
htXm f`nkn[yXn; bmhZm Imiky
KXw X{Xmky bYmImaNmtcm
`hXn, b BImiw {_tXyp]mkvtX
AkvXn `Kh BImimZn `qb CXn
BImimZzmh `qtbm kvXoXn Xt
`Khm {_hoXznXn
Cs\ Bcp BImis {_saphv D]mkn
ptm Ah BImiaphbpw {]Imiaphbpw
sRcp anm hbpw hnkv XoKXnIfpw Bb temIw
{]m]npp. BImin\p hnjb ambnpXv GXp hsc
bmtWm AhnsS hsc Ah\p kmckzmX{yw knn
pp. Ans\ BcmtWm BImis {_sap
IcpXn D]mkn pXv Ah\v GXphsc BImiw tKmNc
ambncnptm AhnsS hsc kzmX{yw knnpp.
BImit m Ihn Xmbn Fsnepaptm F
tNmZyn\v Xobmbpw Dv Fv k\Ipamc ]d
p. `Khm AXns\ F\np]tZinmepw.
]Xn aqmw Jw
kvatcm hmh ffImimZv `qbkvamZy
Zy]n _lh Akoc \ kvac
tm ss\h tX IwN\ irWp
bp a\zoc \ hnPm\oc; b
ZmhmhtX kvatcbpcY irWp bpcY
a\zocY hoPm\oc kvatcW
ssh ]p{Xm hnPm\mXn; kvatcW
]iq kvacap]mtzXn.
k bx kvacw {_tXyp]mkvtX, bmhXv
kvacky KXw X {Xmky bYm Ima
Nmtcm `hXn bx kvacw {_tXyp]m
kvtX AkvXn `Khx kvacmZv `qb
CXn kvacmZv hmh `qtbm fkv \oXn
Xt `Khm {_o XznXn
kvacWsa AIcW [w BImitm
IqSnb XmIpp. hfsc BfpI HcnSv Ccpmepw kvacn
m hcmbncpm Ah Hcp i_vZtbpw tIp
n. a\\w sNbvIbn. AdnIbn. FtmgmtWm Ah
kv acnpXv Atm {ihnpw; Atm a\\w sNpw.
Atm Adnbpw; Atm kvacw sImv ]p{Xmsc Adn
bpw, kvacw sImmWv ]ipsf Adnbpw. kvacw D]m
knq. Ans\ BcmtWm kvacs {_ sap hv
D]mknptm Ah\v kv ac n\phnjbambnpXv FXp
hscbmtWm AXphsc kmc kzmX{yw knnpp.
Atbm `Khmt\ kv ac t m IqSn bXmbn Fsn
epaptm Fv \mc Z tNmZn p. Xobmbpapv Fv
Dcw ]dp. `Kh F\nv AXns\ D]tZinpX
mepw Fv \mcZ ]dp.
]Xn memw Jw
Bim hmh kvacmZv`qbkn; Atitm
ssh kvatcm a{m\[otX, ImWn
I K
N P
262
IcptX, ]p{Xmw ]iqtX, Caw
Ntem Iaapw tNtX, Bimap]mtXn.
e`nn nm B hkvXphn s\pdnp B{Klw
kvac t m IqSpbXmIpp. Bibm hnn s
kv ac Wbp h a{sf A[ymb\w sNpp. I
sNpp. ]p{Xmtcbpw ]ip tfbpw Cnpp.
Cu temItbpw ]ctemItbpw Cnpp. Bi
D]mkn q.
k b Bimw {_tXyp]mkvtX B
ibm fky kthImamx kar[yn;
AtamLm lmkym ffintjm `hn;
bmhZmimb KXw X{Xmky bYm Ima
Nmtcm `hXn, b Bimw {_tXyp
]mkvtX, AkvXn `Kh Bimb
`qb CXn Bimbm hmh `qtbm fkv XoXn
Xt `Khm {_hoXznXn.
As\ BcmtWm Bisb {_sap hv D]mkn
pXv Ahs Fm Imafpw Bibm kar
fmbn ocpp. BibpsS hnjbw F{X bptm AXn
Ch\v kmc kzmX{yw knnpp. Bib m hen
b sXsnepaptm Fv tNmZnp. Xobmbpaptm
Fpcw ]dp. Atbm `Khmt\ Ahsb F\np
D]tZinpXmepw Fv \mc Z At]np. Ans\
BIs Fp chpw ]dp.
]Xn \mw Jw
{]mtWm hm Bimb `qbm, bYm
hm Acm \m `u kanXm, Gh
akvan {]mtW khw kanZw
{]mWx {]mtW\bmXn; {]mWx {]
Ww Z`mXn, {]mWmbZZmXn; {]mtWm
l ]nXm; {]mtWm amXm, {]mtWm
`qXm; {]mWx kzkm {]mW B
Nmx {]mtWm {_mWx
{]mW Bisbm IqSn b XmIpp. GXp {]Imc
amtWm Bc mepI cY N{Ins IpSn kan
sncnpXv, AXpt]mse Cu {]mW\n Fmw
kans ncnpp. {]mW {]mWs\smp Kan
pp. {]mW {]mWs\ Zm\w sNpp. {]mW\p Zm\w
sNpp. ]nXmhv {]mW\mIpp. amXmhv {]mW\mIpp.
{`mXmhv {]mW\mIpp. tkmZcn {]mW\mIpp. BNmcy
{]mW\mIpp. {_mW {]mW\mIpp.
kbZn ]nXcw hm, amX\w hm,
{`mXcw hm, kzkmcw hm ffNmcyw
hm, {_mWw hm Inw NnZv `ri
anh {]Xyml, [nIv Xzm fkv XntXy,
ss]\ amlpx ]nXrlm ssh Xzakn
amXrlmssh Xzakn, {`mXrlm ssh
Xzakn, kzkrlm sshXyakym Nmcy
lmssh Xzakn, {_mW lmssh
Xzako Xn.
GsXnepw ]pcpj ]nXmhnt\mtSm, amXmhnt\mtSm,
`qXmhnt\mtSm, kzkmhn t\mtSm BNmcyt\mtSm, {_m
Wt\mtSm, Aev]w IS hn[ n Dcw ]dbpp,
Fn Chs\ \o \ny\mWv Fpw \o ]nXmhns\ l\n
h\mIpp. \o amXmhns\ l\nh\mIpp. \o {`mXm
hns\ l\nh\mIpp. \o kzkmhns\ l\nh\mIpp.
\o BNmcys\ l\n h\mIpp. \o {_mWs\ l\n
h\mIpp FpXs ]dbpp.
AY bZyt]y\m\p {Im {]mWm
Rv ipte\ kamkw h]yXnjw Ztl,
ss ssh\w {_qbx ]nXrlmkoXn,
\ amXrlm fkoXn \ {`mXrlmf
koXn, \ kzkrlm fkoXn, ffNm,
lm fkoXn, \ {_mW lm fkoXn.
{]mW t]mbn cnp Chsc iqew sImv tXmn
Iqn, Ahbhsf thsd thsdbmn Zlnnmepw
Chs\ \o ]nXmhns\ l\n h\mWv Xobmbpw ]d
bpIbn. \o amXmhns\ sIm h\mWpw ]dIbn. \o
{`mXmhns\ h[n h\mWpw ]dIbn . \o kzkmhns\
sIm h\msWpw ]dIbn. \o BNmcys\ sIm h\m
sWpw ]d Ibn. \o {_Ws\ sImh\msWpw ]d
Ibn.
{]mtWm tly sshXm\n khmWn
`hXn; k hm Gj Ghw ]iy
thw a\zm\ Ghw hnPm\
Xn hmZo `hXn; Xw tNZv {_qbpcXn
hmZyko, XyXnhmZy kvaoXn{_qbmXv;
\mh p hoX
tad ]nXmhv apX embhscmw {]mW Xs
bmIpp. A s\ bp {]mWs\ Adnbp h Cs\
Ipw a\\w sNbvXp \n bnpw ISp ]dbph\m
bnocpp. Aht\mSv \o AXnhmZnbmWv Bscnepw
]dIbmWn Rm AXnhmZnbmWv Fp ]dbpw; ad
bvpIbn .
I K
N P
263
]Xn \mdmw Jw
GjXp hm AXnhmZXn bx ktXy\m
Xn hZXn tkmlw `Khx ktXy\mXn
hZm\oXn kXyw tXzh hnPnm
knX hyanXn. kXyw `Kthm hnPn
mk CXn.
BcmtWm ]c am amb kXyw Adnbp XpsImv
AXnhZn pXv Ah Ch\mWv. A bpsS ASp
hncnp Rm kXywsImv AXnhZn phm Cn
pp Fv \mc Z At]np. As\bmWn
kXyw Xs Adnbphm B{KlnWw. k\Ipamc
adp]Sn ]dp. Atbm `Khms\ Rm kXys Adn
bphm B{Klnpp Fp \mc Z ]dp.
]Xn t\gmw Jw
b Zm ssh hnPm\mXyY kXyw hZXn
\mhnPm\ kXyw hZXn. hnPm\
th kXyw hZXn hnm\w
tXzh hnPnmknX hyanXn. hn
m\w `Kthm hnPnmk CXn.
FtmgmtWm kXyt pdnp hnm\ ap h\mbn
ocpXv, A\ cw kXys hZnpp. kXys p
dnp hnm\ anm h kXys hZn bn. hnm
\ ap h kXyta ]dbpIbpq. hnm\w Xs Adn
bphm B{Klns tSXmIpp Fp k\Ipamc
]dp. Atbm `Khms\ hnm\s Adn bphm
Rm B{Klnpp Fv \mc Z Adnbnp.
]Xn s\mw Jw
bZm ssh a\ptX fY hnPm\mXn;
\maXzm hnPm\mXn; assXzh hn
Pm\mXn aXnkvtXzh hnPnmkn
XthyXn. aXnw `Kthm hnPnmk
CXn.
FtmgmtWm a\\w sNpXv AXn\ptijw hnm
\ap h\mbnocpp. a\\w sNmsX hnm\ ap
h\mbn ocpIbn. a\\w sNbvXm am{Xsa hnm\
aph\mbnocpIbpp. a\\w Xs Adnbphm
B{KlnstSXmIpp. Fp k\Ipamc ]d
p. `Khms\, aXntb Rm Adnbphm B{Klnpp
Fv \mc Z ]dp.
]sm]Xmw Jw
bZm ssh {i[mXyY a\ptX, \m{i
[\ptX, {i[tZha\ptX {imf
tXzh hnPnZvRmknX thyXn. {imw
`Kthm hnPnmk CXn.
FtmgmtWm {inpXv Atm a\\w sNpp.
{inm h a\\w sNpn. {inph am{Xta
a\\w sNppq. {iX s bmWv Adnbphm B{K
ln stSXv Fp k\Ipamc ]dp. Atbm
`Khms\ Rm {isb Adnbphm B{Klnpp Fv
\mcZ ]dp.
Ccp ]Xmw Jw
bZm ssh \nkvXnjvTXyY {iZp[mXn \m
\nkv XnjvTRvOvd[mXn; \nkvXnjvT th
{i[mXn; \njvTntXzh hnPnmko
X thyXn \njvTmw `Kthm hnPnmk
CXn.
FtmgmtWm \njvTbph\mbncn pXv Atm
{in pp. \njvTbnm h {in pn. \njv Tbp
h am{Xsa {ibph\mbncnpIbpp. \njvT
Xs Adnbphm B{Klnpp. Fp k\Ipamc
]dp. Atbm `Khms\ Rm \njv Ttb Adn bphm
B{Klnpp Fv \mcZ ]dp.
Ccp ] smmw Jw
bZm ssh ItcmXyY \nkvXnjvTXn; \mIr
Xzm \nkvXnjvTXn; IrssXzh \nkvXnjvTXn;
IrXnkvtX h hnPnmknXthyXn. IrXnw
`Kthm hnPnmk CXn.
FtmgmtWm IrXnbph\mbn cn pXv Atm
\njvTbp h\mbnocpp. IrXn bnmsX Ccpm
\njv Tbph\m bncn bn. IrXntbmSp IqSn bncpnp
Xs \njv S bp h\mbncnpp. IrXn Xs Adn b s
tS XmWv Fp k\Ipamc ]dp. `Khms\
IrXnsb Rm Adnbphm B{Klnpp Fp \mc
Z Adnbn p.
Ccp ]n cmw Jw
bZm ssh kpJw e`tX fY ItcmXn;
\m kpJw e_v[zm ItcmXn, kpJtah
I K
N P
264
e_v[zm ItcmXn kpJw tXzh hnPn
mkn XhyanXn. kpJw `Kthm hnPn
mk CXn.
FtmgmtWm kpJw e`npXv Atm IrXnbp
h\mbn ocpp. kpJw e`nmsX IrXn bph\mbncn
pIbn . kpJw e`nm am{Xsa IrXnbp h\mbn cn
pIbpp. kpJw Adnbphm B{KlnsSWw.
Fp k\Ipamc ]dp. `Khmt\ kpJs Adn
bphm Rm B{Klnpp \mc Z ]dp.
Ccp] n aqmw Jw
tbm ssh `qam XXv kpJw; \evt]
kpJakvXn; `q ssah kpJw; `qamtXz
h hnPnmknXhy CXn; `qam\w
`Kthm hnPnmk CXn.
GXmtWm alp AXmWv kpJw. Aev ]n kpJ
an . kpJw `qamhpX s bmWv `qamhpXs Adnbphm
B{KlnWw Fp k\Ipamc ]dp. Atbm
`Khms\ `qamhns\ Adnbphm Rm B{Klnpp
Fv \mc Z At]np.
Ccp] n \memw Jw
b{X \m\yXv ]iyXn, \m\yytWmXn;
\m\y ZznPm\mXn k`qam, AY b{Xm\y
]iyXy\yytWm Xy\yZzn Pm\mXn, XZ
ev]w. tbm ssh `qam XZarXw AYbZev]w
Xyw k `Khx Ikvan {]XnjvTnX
CXn. tkzalnav\n; bZn hm\ alnav\oXn.
GsXmcp XXznemtWm asmns\ ImWm Xv, asm
ns\ tImXv asmns\ Adn bm Xv AXv `qam
hmIpp. GsXmnemtWm asmns\ ImWp Xv, asm
ns\ tIpXv asmns\ Adn bpXv AXv Aev ]
amIpp. GXmtWm `qamhv AXv AarXamIpp. GXmtWm
Aev]ambnpXv AXv ayamIpp. `Khms\ Cu
`qamhv FnemWv {]XnjvTnX ambncn pXv ? Fp \mc
Z tNmZnp. kzamb aln amhn {]XnjvTnX ambncnp
p. An alnamhnepw {]Xn jvTnXa .
tKm Aizanl aln taXym NtX
lkvXnlncWyw Zmk `mcyw t{Xm Wym
bX\m\oXn. \ml tahw {_hoan; {_
hoaoXntlm hmNmt\ym ly\ykvan
{]XnjvTnX C\n.
tKmtfbpw Aiztfbpw KPtfbpw kz
tbpw Zmkmtcbpw `mcyamtcbpw hbepItfbpw hoSp
Itfbpw Cs\bph Cu temIn alnamshv
]dbpp. asmmWtm asmn {]XnjvTnXambncnp
Xv FpXpsImv Rm Cns\ ]dbpn .
Fm C{]Imcw ]dbpp Fv k\Ipamc ]dp.
Ccp] mw Jw
k Ghm[kvXmXv, k D]cnmXv, k ]
mXv, k ]pckvXmXv, k ZnWXx
k DcXx k GthZw khanXn,
AYmtXm flwImc tZi Gh l
tahm A[kvXmZl ap]cnm Zlw
]mZlw ]pckvXmZlw ZoW tXmf
lapctXm flta thZw khanXn.
Xmsg B `qamhpX sbmWv. apIfnepw ]Snmdpw
Ingpw hSpw `qamhpXsbmWv . PKsmw AXpX
sbmIpp. C\n Alw ImcmtZiw ]dbs Spp. At[m
`mKn XsbmWv. ]Snmdp Rm XsbmWv
Ingp Rm Xs bmWv . sXpw Ingpw Rm Xs
bmWv. Cu PKsmw Rm XsbmWv .
AYmX BmtZi Ghm ffsshm
[kvXm, Zmtm ]cnm, Zmm ]m,
Zmm]pckvXm, ZmmZnWX, B
tmcX BssthZw khanXn
khm Gj Ghw ]iythw a\zm\
Ghw hnPm\m cXncm{IoU
B anYp\ Bm\x k kzcmUv
`hXn. Xky kthjp temtIjp ImaNmtcm
`hXn AYtb f\yYm ftXm hnZpc\y cmPm
\kvtX temIm `hn tXjmw
kthjp temtIjz ImaNmtcm `hXn.
A\cw BmtZiw ]dbpp. At[m`mKn
BmhpXs bmWv . D]cn `mKn Bmhp Xsbm
Wv. ]mXv `mKv BmhpXsbmWv. ]ptcm `mK
nepw Bmhp XsbmWv. ZnW, hma`mK fnepw
BmhpXsbmWv. C{]Imcw Adnbp h Bm
hns canph\mbpw Bmhns {IoVn
ph\mbpw, BmhpsImp Xs ZzzkpJw A\p
`hnp h\mbpw, Bmhns\ smpXs Bnp
h\mbpw Ccnpp. Ah kzcmmbnocpp. Ah\v
Fm temI fnepw ImaNmcw knnpp. BcmtWm
CXn\p hn]coX ambn AdnbpXv, Ah thsd kzman bp
I K
N P
265
hcmbpw b ap temI tfmSp IqSnb hcmbpw Xocp
p. Ahv Fm temIfnepw Ima Nmc anmbv Ibpw
hp IqSpp.
Ccp] mdmw Jw
Xky l hm GXsskyhw ]iyX
Ghw a\zm\ sskyhw hnPm\Xm
BXx {]mW, BX, Bimff
Xx kvac, BX BImiw, B
mXkvtX P, BX B] BX
Bhn`mhXntcm `mhm, hmtXm f
amtXm _e, amtXm hnm\,
amtXm [ym\ amXn amXx
kev] BtXm a\ BtXm
hmKmtXm \ma fftXm a{m B
\x ImWymX GthZw kanXn.
Cs\ ImWph\pw Cs\ a\\w sNph\pw
Cs\ Adnbph\pamb B hnZzm\v {]mW Bm
hn \nmIpp. Bi Bmhn \nmIpp. kvarXn
Bmhn \nmIpp. BImiw Bmhn \nmIp
p. tXPv Bmhn \nmIpp. ApI Bmhn
\nmIpp. D nbpw {]fbhpw Bmhn \nm
Ipp. Aw Bmhn \nmIpp. _ew Bmhn
\nmIpp. hnm\w Bmhn \nmIpp. [ym\w
Bmhn\nmIpp. Nnw Bmhn \nmIpp.
kev]w Bmhn \nmIpp. hmv Bmhn \nm
Ipp. \maw Bmhn \nmIpp. a{ Bm
hn \nmIpp. I Amhn \nmIpp. Cu
PKsmw Bmhn \nmIpp.
XtZj tmI \ ]tiym arXypw ]iyXn
\tcmKw, t\m X Zpx JXmw, khw l
]iyx ]iyXn khw {]m]vt\mXn khi
CXn. k GIss[h `hXn, {Xn[m `
hXn ][m k]vX[m \h[m ssNh
]p\ ssImZix kvarXx iXw N
Zi ssNI kl{kmWnN hnwiXnx
Blmcw ipu kXzipnx kXzipu
{[phm kvarXnx kvarXn eavt` kh{K
o\mw hn{]tamkvXkvssa arZnXI
jmbmb Xakkv]mcw ZibXn `Khm
k\IpamckvXw kvI CXym NtX,
XwkvI CXymNtX.
B An Cu a{w Dv . bYms
ImWph ac Ws ImWpn . tcmKt ImWpn
. ZpxJ `mht ImWpn. bYm Zkn kh
tbpw ImWpp. Fm {]Imc nepw khs {]m]n
pp. B hnZzm Hcp hn[ n Ccnpp. aqp {]Im
c nepw Ap {]Imc nepw, Bbnocpp. Ggp {]Im
c nepw, H]Xp hn[ nepw ]n Xns\mmbnpw \qn
Xns\mmbnpw Bbnc ncq]Xmbnpw, `hnpp. hnj
bm\p`hcq]amb hnm\n\p ipnbpmIptm
AxIc Wipn DmIpp. kXz ipnbpmIptm
Ahn nbmb kvarXn DmIpp. kvarXnsbe`nm
Fm lrZb {KnIfptSbpw hn\miw DmIpp. cmK
tZzjmZn cq]amb Id IgpIn fnp B\mc Zv `hm
\mb k\Ipamc AhnZymcp]amb X]nnpdap
]camX Xzs ImWnpsImSpp. Atls (k
\Ipamcs\) kv I Fp ]dbpp.
Fmw Aymbw
Hmw Jw
Znv tZiw Imew apX emb hbpsS t`Z sfmpan m
Xpw khPKZmIhpw GIhpw AZznXobhpamb
BXmamhmWv {_sav ap]n ]dp Ignp.
Fnepw hnm\nIfmhv {_s Adn bp
Xn\mbn lrZb]p coIs Dt]Zint XmhiyamWv.
{_hnpIv kv{XoI BZnbmb hnjb fn
\nv X\nsb \nhrn DmIpsanepw km[mcWmv
hnjb Xrjvabn \np tamN\w Ffpa. AXn\v
{_Ncyw XpSnb km[\hntij IqSntb Xocq.
Znv tZi, KpWw, KXn, ^ew apXembhbpsS t`Zanm
Xpw ]c amkpw, AZz bhpamb {_ a_pn
Iv Aks t]mse tXmpIbpp. BZyw Ah
t\hgnphc s, ]ns kmh[m\w Ahv ]cam
knt\bpw {Klnnp sImSpmw Fp {ipXn hnNmcn
pp.
lcnx Hmw AY bZnZakvan {_]ptc
Zlcw ]pcoIw thiva Zltcm fkvan
cw Imi kvXkvan bZ kvXZt\zjvT
hyw, XZzmhhnPnmknX hyanXn.
Cu icoc n sNdpXmb Cu lrZb ]pcoIam
Ip Krlw GtXm Cu Krlns Dn sNdpXmb
BImiw Dv. AXn\pn GXmtWm DXv AXv At\z
jn s tSXmIpp. AXv Adnb s tSXmIpp.
Xw tNZv {_qbpZn Zakvan {_
]ptc Zlcw ]pcoIw thiva
Zltcm kvancmImix Inw XZ{X
I K
N P
266
hnZytX bZt\z hyw bZzmh hnPn
mknX hyanXn; k {_qbmXv
Cu {_]pcn sNdpXmb ]pWvZcoIamIp
Krlw GtXm, CXns Dn D BImiw AXnepw
sNdpXmIpp. CXn GXmtWm At\z jn stS Xv,
GXmtWm AdnbstSXv Ans\bp FmWv
DXv? BNmcyt\mSv injym tNmZnbmWn Ah
]dbWw.
bmhm hm AbamImi kvXmhmt\
tjm lrZb BImix Dt`
Akvan tZymhm ]rYnho Atch
kamlntX, D`mhn hmbp "kq
mN{akmhp Zu' hnZyp{XmWn,
bmtkylmkvXnb\mkvXn khw XZ
kvan kamlnX anXn.
Cu `uXnImImiw F{Xtmfap XmtWm Cu lrZ
b n ep BImiw A{Xtmfap XmWv . Zymhm ]rYn
hn I cpw CXn \p ns nXn sNp p.
Anbpw hmbphpw F cpw, kqcyN{m cpw
hnZyppw \{Xfpw Cu tZlnv Cu temIn
Dtm AXp GXv Ctbm AXp Fmw Cu lrZbmImi
n nXnsNpp.
Xw tNZ {_qbp, ckvanw tZv {_]p
tc khw kamlnXw, khmWn N
`qXm\n, kth NImam, bssZX
cm f hm]vt\mXn {][zwktX hm, Inw
XmtXm f XninjyX CXn. k{_qbmXv
Cu {_ ]pc n Fm `qXfpw Fm Imafpw
khhpw kamln X ambn cn pp. Fn Ftm
CXns\ Pc {]m]n tbm AXp \intbm sNppthm
Atm AXn\nv A\yaambn Fv A[nIambn
tijnpw? ANmcyt\mSv tNmZn bmWn Ah ]d
b aw.
Fns\ Fm
\mky PcssbXoXn; \ht[
\mky l\ytX; GXXv kXyw {_
]pc, akvan Imamx kamlnXmx,
Gj Bm f ]lX ]m]va hnP
tcm hnarXyphntimtIm hnPnLtmf
]n]mkx kXyImax kXykev]x bYm
tlythl {]Pm At\zmhnin, bw
baa`n Imam `hn bw P\]Zw
bw t{X `mKw \tathm ] Pohn
Cu icocns Pc sImv Cu AcmImisap
]dbp {_w Pcsb {]m]nbn. Cu icoc ns
h[m l\n s SpIbn. kXyamb {_]pcw CXm
Wv. CXn Fm Ima fpw nXnsNpp. CXv Bm
hmIpp. [mZcq]amb ]m]w CmXmpp. Pc
bnmXpw, arXyphn mXpw, timIanm Xpw, hni
nm XXpw, Zml anmXpw k^e fmb Imatfm
SpIqSnbXpw kXy fmb kXyfmb kev] tfmSp
IqSnbXpw BIpp. GXp {]Imcw Cu temIn {]P
I XfpsS kzmanIfpsS A\pimk\w A\pkcnv
A\phnpp. GtXXp tZitbpw GXp P\]Z
tbpw GXp t{X`mKtbpw B{Klnp hcmbn
cnppthm AXmXns\ s D]Pohnpp.
XZytY l I PntXm temIx o
bX Ghta hm ap{X ]pWy PotXm
temIx obtX XZy Clm f /m
\a\\phnZy {hPty Xmw kXym
Imamw kvtXjmw kthjp temtIjz
ImamNmtcm `hXn; AY b Clm f f m
\ a\phnZy {hPtyXmw Imamw kvtX
jmw kthjp temtIjp ImaNmtcm `hXn.
GsXmcp {]Imc n Cu temIn tkhmZnI
m kmZn s Sp temIw bnpp. C{]Imcw
Xs ]ctemIn ]pWym kmZns Sp
temIw bnpp. AXn\m BcmtWm Cu temI
n Bmhnt\bpw Fm Imatfbpw AdnbmsX
icocw hnpt]mhpXv Ahv Fm temIfnepw
AkzmX{yw Dmhpp. Fm BcmtWm Cu temI
n Bmhns\ Adnnv icocw hnpt]mhpXv
Ahv Fm temIfnepw kzmX{yw knnpp.
cmw Jw
k bZn ]nXr temIImtam `hXn
kev]mtZhmky ]nXcx kapnjvT
n tX\ ]nXrtemtI\ ktm alobtX.
Bmhns\ Adnbph ]nXrtemIs B{Klnp
h \mbn `hn pp Fn Chs k ev ]
ms ]nXm Aht\mSv kw_nphcmbn
ocpp. B ]nXr temIm kar\mbnv almyw
A\p`hnpp.
AY bZn amXrtemI Imtam `hXn
kev]m tZhmky amXcx kapnjvTn,
tXX amXrtemtI\ ktm alobtX
I K
N P
267
]ns amXrtemIIma \mbn cn pp Fn Chs
kev]ms amXm kapm\w sNpp. B
amXrtemIm kar\mbnv amlmyw {]m]npp.
AY bZn {`mXrtemI Imtam `hXn,
kev]mtZhmky {`mXcx kapnjvT
n; tX\ {`mXr temtI\ ktm
alob tX.
{`mXrtemIs Imanph\mWn Chs k
ev]ms {`mXm kapm\w sNpp. B
`rXrtemIm k\mbnv Ah amlmys
A\p`hnpp.
AY bZn kzkrtemI Imtam `hXn,
kev]m tZhmky kzkmcx kapn
jvTn, tX\ kzkrtemtI\
ktm alobtX.
ktlmZcnIfpsS temIs B{KlnIp h\mbncn
pp Fn, Chs kev ]ms kzmkm
Aht\mSp kw_npp. B kzkrtemIm kar
\mbnv Ah amlmyw A\p`hnpp.
AY bZn kJntemI Imtam `hXn
kev]m tZhky kJm bx kapn
jvTn; tX\ kJn temtI\
ktm alobtX
kJn temIs B{Klnp h\mbncpm Chs
kev]m s, kJm Aht\mSp kw_np
p. B kJntemIm kar \mbnv amlmyw A\p
`hnpp.
AY bZn KameytemI Imtam
`hXn kev]m tZhmky K
amtey kapnjvTXx tX\ K
amey temtI\ ktm alobtX
KameytemIs B{Klnp h\msW n
Chs kev]ms K amey kapm\w
sNp p. B K amey tem Im kar \m bnv
amlmyw A\p`hnpp.
AY[ bZy ]m\ temI Imtam `hXn,
kev]m tZhmkym ]mt\ kapnjvTXx
tX\m]m\ temtI\ ktm alobtX
A]m\ temIs Imanp h\msWn Ahs
kev]ms A]m\ kapm\w sNpp.
B A ]m\ temIm kar \mbnv amlmyw A\p
`hnpp.
AY bZoKoX hmZnX temIIm
tam `hXn, kev]mtZhky KoX
hmZntX kapnjvTXx tX\ KoX
hmZnX temtI\ ktm alobtX
KoX hmZnX fpsS temIsf B{Klnp h\mW
n Chs kev]ms KoXhmZnX Ah
t\mSp kw_npp. B KoXhmZnX temIm k
\mbnv almyw A\p`hnpp.
AY bZn kv{XotemI Imtam `hXn
kev]m tZhky kv{Xobx kapnjvT
n; tX\ kv{XotemtI\ ktm alobtX
kv{XotemIs B{Klnp h\mbncpm, Chs
kev]m s, kv{XoI kapm\w sNpp. B
kv{XotemIm kar \mbnv almyw A\p`hnpp.
bw baa`nImtam `hXn, bw
Imaw ImabtX tkmfky kev]m
tZh kapnjvTXn; tX\ ktm alobtX
GtXXp tZiw B{Klnph\mbncnppthm, GXp
Imas Iman p p thm, AXv Chs k ev ]
ms Aht\mSp kw_npp. AXn\m
kar\mbnv almyw A\p`hnpp.
aqmw Jw
X Cta kXymx Imam A\r Xm]n[m\mx
tXjmw kXym \mw kXma\rXa]n[m\w;
tbm lytkyXx ss{]Xn \ Xanl
Zi\mb e`tX
Ans\bp Cu kXyfmb Ima A\r X am
Ip A]n[m\tmSpIqSn b hbmIpp. kXyfmbn cn
p Ahbvv A\rXw adhmIpp. Cu Pphn\v Bcm
cmtWm Cu temIn \np acnpXv Ahs\ Cu
temIn hopw ImWp Xn\v e`npn.
AYtb Nmtky l Pohmtb Nm
t{]Xmbm\yZn \e`tX, khw
XZ{X KXzm hntX. A{X lyssky
tX kXymx Imam A\r Xmhn[m\mx
XZyYm f ]n lncWy\n[nw \nlnXat{X
mD]p]cn kctm \ hnt
bp, tc hta th amx khmx {]Pm
Alcly GXw {_temIw
\ hny \rtX\ ln {]XyqUx
I K
N P
268
Cu Pphn\v Cu temIfn BcmtWm Pohn ncn
phcmbn DXv BcmtWm t{]XcmbnpXv thsd
FtmmtWm Cnnv e`nmXncnpXv AXns\
Fmw lrZbmImisap ]dbp Cu {_ n Kan
m e`npp. Fm ChnsS Chs Fm Imafpw
A\rXamIp adthmSp IqSn nXnsNpp. AXn\p
Zrmw ]dbmw. GXp {]Imc amtWm `qan bn Ipgn n n
p kz\n [nbpsS ASppapIfn k cnpsIm
n cnphcmbncpmepw \n[nt{Xs Adn bm
hv e`nmXncnpXv C{]Imcw Xs Cu {]PI
sfmw Cu {_amIp temIs ZnhkwtXmdpw Kan
phcmbncpnpw e`npn. Fsm A\rX
m Ah kzcq]n\nv A]l cn s ncnpp.
k hm Gj Bm lrZn; Xssky
XtZh \ncpw lrZybanXn; Xkvam
yZbw; Alclm Ghw hnXv
kzw temItaXn.
Ans\ bp {]IrXamb Cu BmhmWv lrZb
nepXv. A s\bp Cu lrZb n\v lrZbn
CXm Bmhp nXn sNpp Fp XpXs \nh
N\amIpp. AXpsImv lrZb sap ]d bpp. C{]Imcw
Adnbph Znhkw tXmdpw kztemIw {]m]npp.
AY b Gj k{kmtZm f kv am
cocmXv kapmb ]cw tPymXncp]
kw]Zytk\ cqt]W`n\njv]ZytX;
Gj BtXntlm hm ssNX arX
a`b taXZv {_tXn Xky l hm
GXky {_tWm \makXyanXn.
Cu kz temIs {]m]npsap ]d hnZzm
Btcm Ah icocw Bmshp `mh\sb Dt]n
nv, ]c amb tPymXnns\ {]m]np kzcq]n Bbn
ocpp. CXp Bmhv Fv BNmcy ]dp. CXv
Ahn\minbpw `banm XpamIpp. CXv {_ amIpp
Fp ]dp. As\bp Cu {_ns \maw
kXyamIpp.
Xm\n lhm GXm\n {XnWycmWn
kXobanXn XZyXv kXv XZarX
aY bXv Xn Xy, aY bZyw tXt\m
t` bXn; bZt\ t\t\mt`bXn
XkvamZyw Alclhm Ghw hnXv
kzw temI taXn.
Ah ""kXobw'' Fv aqp A c amIpp. Ahbn
""kX'' FpXv GtXm AXv AarX amIpp. ]ns Xn
FptXtXm AXp ayamIpp. ]ns ba Fp
tXtXm cnt\bpw Iqn s pp. CXp sImv cn
t\bpw \nbanpp FpXn \m ""bav'' Fp ]db
sSpp. C{]Imcw Adnbph Znhkw tXmdpw kz
amIp temIs {]m]n pp.
\memw Jw
AY b Bm ktkXp, hn[rXn tc
jmw temIm\makw t`Zmb; ss\
Xw tkXp atlm cmt{X XctXm, \
Pcm, \arXyp, timtIm \kpIrXw
\ ZpjvIrXw, kth ]m]vamt\mf
tXmXnht; A] lX ]m]v
amtlyj {_temIx
Bmshp ]dtXtXm AXv Cu temIv
hn\miw hcmXncnpn\mbp thhn[n \ne
\npXmb tkXp BIpp. Cu tkXphns\ Atlm
cm{X ]cntOZnpn. Pc {]m]npn. arXyp
{]m]npn. timIw {]m]npn. kpIrXw {]m]np
n . Zpjv IrXw {]m]n p n . Fm ]m] fpw
CXn\np \nhn pp. FpsImsm Cu
{_ amIp temIw ]pWy]m] Cm XmWv .
XkvamZzm GXw tkXpw Xozmf
x kX tm `hXn; hnx
khntm `hXn; D]Xm]n k\p
]Xm]o `hXn XkvamZzm GXw tkXpw
Xozm f ]n\altchm`n \njv]ZytX
kIrZzn`mtXmtly sshj {_temIx
AXpsImv Cu tkXphns\ XcWw sNbvXnv A
\mbn cp h A \ m h\mbn ocpp. ZpxJmZnkw
_aph\mbncph ZpxJmZnkw_an mh\m
bn ocpp. tcmKmZyp]Xm] tfmSpIqSn bn cp h D]
Xm] fn m h\mbnocpp. AXpsImv Cu tkXp
hns\ XcWw sNbvXnv cm{Xnbpw ]Iepw Bbnocpp.
Cu {_temIw Ftmgpw Htc cq]n {]IminpsIm
n cnp XmIpp.
XZy G ssh Xw {_temIw
{_NtWm\phnn, tXjm ta
sshj {_temI, kvtXjmw kt
jp temtIjp ImamNmtcm`hXn.
AXn\m BcmtWm Cu {_ temIs {_
NcywsImv e`npXv, Cu {_temIw Ahp
Xs bmIpp. Ahv Fm temI fnepw kzmX{yw
knnpp.
I K
N P
269
Amw Jw
AY bZy CXym NtX, {_
NtahXXv {_NtW tlyhtbm
mXw Xw hntX AY bZn
anXymNtX {_Ntah XXv
{_ NtW tlythzm ff m\ a\p
hntX
GsXmns\ bmtWm bw Fv inm ]dbp
Xv AXv {_ Ncyw Xs bmIpp. Fsm {_
Ncyw sImpXs mXmhmbnph\p {_ temIw
e`npp. ]ns GXns\ Csap ]dbptm AXv
{_ Ncyw XsbmIpp. Fsm {_ Ncyw
sImpXs Cuizcs\ ]qPn nv AYhm Bmhns\
GjW sNbvXnv Bmhns\ e`npp.
AY bXv k{mbW anXym N
tXXv; {_NtW tlyh kX
Bm\kv{XmWw hntX; AYb
u\ anXym NtX {_Ntah
XXv, {_NtW lymm\a\p
hnZy a \ptX.
GXns\ BtWm kXv{XmbWw Fp ]dbpXv AXv
{_ Ncyw XsbmIpp. Fsm {_ Ncyw
sImpXs kn\nv Xs cWw e`npp.
GsXmns\ BtWm au\w Fp ]dbpXv AXv {_
Ncyw BIpp. Fsm {_NcywsImpXs
Bmhns\ Adnnv a\\w sNpp.
AY bZ\miImb\anXym NtX
{_NtahXXv; Gjlymm\
\iyXn bw {_NtWm\phntX
AY bZcWymb\ anXym NtX {_
NtahXXv; XZc lsshWy
mW hu {_temtI, XrXob kym
antXm Znhn, XssZcw aZobw kcx
XZizx tkmakh\x XZ]cmPn
Xm ]q{_Wx {]`qhnanXw lncbw.
GXns\ BtWm A\miImb\w Fp ]dbpXv, AXv
{_Ncyw XsbmIpp. GXv Bmhns\bmtWm
{_NcywsImv e`npXv B Bmhv \inpn .
]ns GXns\bmtWm AcWymb\w Fp ]dbpXv
AXp {_ NcywXsbmIpp. Cu temIn\nv ,
aqmas tZymhmb B {_ temIn Acsapw
]pWysapw, {]knamb kap{Z Dv . AhnsS
sFcw \ndXpw D]tbmKnphv aZP\Ihpw Bb
kcv Dv. AhnsS tkmah\ sap t]cp As n
AarXv Dudp Ac bm Dv. AhnsS A]cmPnX Fp
t]cp {_n ]pcn Dv . {]`qhmb {_m
hntijnpm s kz amb amb a]w Dv.
XZy G ssh Xmhcw NWyw Nm
hu {_temtI {_NtWm\p
hnn, tXjmta sshj {_tem
IkvtXjmw kthjp temtIjp Ima
Nmtcm`hXn.
B {_ temIn BcmtWm Cu Acsapw
]pWysap ]dbp A hsf {_NcywsImv
e`npXv Cu {_temIw Ahv am{XamWv Ahv
Fm temI fnepw kzmX{yw knnpp.
Bdmw Jw
{_NcymZn km[\ XnIpw, _mlyhnjb
fmIp A\rX fnep XrjvWtb shSnpw Bcm
tWm, lrZb ]p coInepXpw ta d KpW
tfmSpIqSnbXpamb {_s D]mknpXv Ah\v
aqmhnep \mUnbn IqSnbp KXnhnhcnm
\mVoJ s nbmWv C\n ]dbpXv .
AY bm GXm lrZbky \mUy, kvXmx
]nv KekymWnav\ kvXnjvTn, ip
ky, \oeky, ]oXky, temlnXtkyXn
Aku hm BZnXyx ]nvKe, Gj ip Gj
\oe Gj ]oX Gj temlnXx
Cu lrZbs kw_n \mVn I Ghtbm Ah
]nvKe hhpw temlnXhhpamb AWnamhp
sImp \ndv nXnsNpp. B BZnXy Xs
]nwKeh tmSp IqSn bncnpp. Cu BZnXy ip
htmSpw IqSnbncnpp. Cu BZnXy \oe \nd
tmSpIqSn bn cnpp. Cu BZn Xy ]oX htmSp
IqSn bncnpp. Cu BZn Xy temln X htmSpIq
Snbncnpp.
XZyYm alm]Y BXX D`u {Kmsau
KXoaw Nmapw ssNhta sshXw
BZnXyky civab D`u temIu
Ko aw Nmapw Nm apjvamZmXym
Xv {]Xmbt; Xm Bkp\mUojp
kr]vXm Bt`ym\mVo`yx {]Xmbt
tX f apjvanmZntXy kr]vXmx
B hnjbn\v Zrmw ]dbmw. GXp {]Imc
nemtWm hym]vXamb almb Hcp amw ASpp
I K
N P
270
Xpw, AI Xpamb cp {Kmatf tNp Xv, A{]
Imcw Cu BZnXys civanI CXpw AXpamb cp
temI fn Kan pp. BZnXyaen \nv
XpSbmbn ]cpp. Ah\mUnIfn {]thinncn
pp; \mUnIfn \nv XpSbmbn ]pds Spp. Ah
B BZnXy\n {]thin pp.
XZy ss{XXXv kp]vXx kakvXx
kw{]kx kz]v\w \hnPm\mXymkp
kZm \mUojp kr]vtXm `hXn Xw
\ I\ ]m]vamkv]r iXn;
tXPkm ln XZm ktm `hXn
As\ Ccns, Ftm Cu kz]v\s kz]np
Poh khIc Whym]mc tf D]kwl cnpw, \hw
{]kmZap h\mbpw, kz]v \s Adn bmXncnppthm,
Atm Cu \mVnIfn {]thinh\mbnXocpp.
Ahs\ Hcp ]m]hpw kzinpn. Atm tXPn
\m hym]vX\mbn`hnpp.
AY b ss{X XZ _enam\w \o tXm
`hXn Xa`nX Bko\m Blp
Pm\mknamw Pm\mknamanXn bmh
ZkvamcocmZ\p{Im `hXn Xmh
m\mXn.
A\ cw GXp Imev B _eXzs {]m]n s
h\mbnXocppthm, Atm Ah\p Nppw Ako\ mcm
bnv Fs Adnbppthm, Fs Adnbppthm Fv
mXnI ]d bpp. B acnm t]mIph Ftm
Cu icocn \np D{Ianmh\mbn `hn pp
thm, AXphsc Adn bpp.
AY b ss{XXZkvamcncmZp
{ImaXyssY ssX tch civanZn cp
am{IatX k HmanXnhm tlm Zzm
anbtX kbmhXv nt]y\, kvXm
hZmZnXyw KXn; GXssZzJeptemI
Zzmcw hnZpjmw {]m]Z\w \ntcmt[mf hnZpjmw
Ftm C{]Imcw Cu icoc n \np D{Ianp
pthm AXn\ptijw CtX civanIfn IqSn apIfntep
t]mIpp. Ah Hmw Fp [ym\npsImpXs
tat]mp Kanpp. Ah F{X kabw sImmtWm
a\ns\ t]npXv, A{Xbpw kabwsImv BZn
Xys\ Kanpp. {_ temIns Zzmcw CXmWv . hnZzm
mv {_ temIs {]m]nphm\p hgn CXmWv.
AhnZzmmp \ntcm[ m\hpw CXmWv .
XtZjtmIx
ta d An Xmsg]v dbp tmIw Dv.
(a{w) iYw ssN ImN lrZbky \mUy:
kvXmkmw aqm\a`n\nx krssXIm
Xtbmzmamb arX XztaXn hnjz
\ym D{IatW `hyp{IatW `hn
lrZbs kw_nv \qsmv \mUnI Dv. Ah
aqmhn IqSn shfnbn hncnpp. AXnIqSn
taevt]mp t]mIp h AarX Xzs {]m]npp. ]e
hgnp ap \mUn I D{Ia Wn\p am{Xw D]tbm
KsSp h bmIpp.
Ggmw Jw
b Bm f ] lX ]m]vam hnPtcm
hnarXyphntimtIm hnPnLtmy f]n
]mkx kXyImax kXykev]x tkm
f t\zhyx knhn Pnmkn Xhyx, kh
hmw temIm\m]vt\mXn khmw
Imam bkv X amm\ a\znjy hnPm\m
XoXnl {]Pm]Xn cp]mN.
GsXmcmmhmtWm, [m[cq]amb ]m]anm
Xpw, Pc bnm Xpw, arXyphnm Xpw, timIanmXpw,
`npXn\v B{Klan mXpw, ]n]mkbnmXpw,
kXyfmb ImatfmSp IqSnb Xpw, kXyfmb k
ev ] tfmSp IqSn b Xpw, Bbncnptm AXv At\zjn
s tS XmIpp, Adnbm B{Kln s tSXmIpp.
BcmtWm B Bmhns\ At\zjn v , Ah\ h\v A\p`
hap \nebn empXv Ah, Fm temItfbpw
Fm Ima tfbpw {]m]npp.
Xtm`tb tZhmkpcm A\p_p_p[n
tc; tX tlmNqx l! Xamm\
a\znmtam bamm\a\znjykhmw
temIm\m]vt\mXn kmwImam\nXn
Ct{m sslh tZhm\m a`n{]h{hmP;
hntcmNt\m f kpcmWmw; Xu lmkw hn
`m\m thh kan ]mWo {]Pm]Xn
kImi am P Xpx
{]Pm]Xn bpsS hN\s tZhmkpX c m cp
Iqcpw A\pt_m[np. Cu tZhmkpcm ]dp. GXv
Bmhns\ At\zjnnmtWm Fm temItfbpw,
Fm Ima tfbpw {]m]npXv B Bmhns\ Ctm
\apv At\zjn mw. tZhmcn C{ Xs {]Pm]Xn
bpsS ASptep t]mbn. Akpcmcn hntcmN\
t]mbn. Ah ]c kv ]cw ssa{Xn sNmsXXs, ssIn
kantmSpIqSn {]Pm]Xn bpsS kao]v Fn.
I K
N P
271
Xu l Zzm{Xnw iXw hjmWn {_N
aqjXpx, Xul {]Pm]XncphmN
InanmhhmkvX anXn Xu tlmNXpx
b Bmy f]lX]m]vam hnPtcm
hnarXyp hntimtImfhnPn Ltmf
]n]mkx kXyImax kXykev]x
tkmft\zhyx, k hnPnmknXhyx
khmw temIm\m ]vt\mXn khmw
Imam, bkv X amm\a\znjy hnPm\m
XoXn `KhtXm htNm thZbt. X
anmhhmkvXanXn.
Ah apncp hjmew {_ NcytmSp hkn
p. AhtcmSv {]Pm]Xn \n Fns\ CnpsImmWv
hknXv ? Fp tNmZnp. GXv BmhmtWm ]m]anm
Xpw PcbnmXpw arXyphn mXpw, timIanm
Xpw Bin m CbnmXpw ]n]mkbn mXpw
kXyfmb ImatfmSp IqSn bXpw kXyfmb k
ev]tfmSpIqSnbXpw BbnpXv, B Bmhv At\z
jn s tSXpw kmm cn s tSavSXpw BIpp.
BcmtWm Bmhns\ imkv{XmNmtcym]tZisf
smv Adnv A\p`hsSppXv Ah Fm
temItfbpw Fm Imatfbpw, {]m]npp. C{]
Imcap `Khms hmp in m Adnbpp. B Bm
hns\ Adn hm Cn psImp R {_ Ncyn
hknp.
Xu l {]Pm]XncphmNb Gtjm f
nWn ]pcptjm ZriyX Gj Bt
Xn tlmhmssNXZ arX a`b taX
Zv{_t Xn. AY tbm f bw `Kthm f
]vkp ]cnJymbtX, b mbamZi
IXa Gj CXn. Gj D G sshjvT
kthjztjv T ]cnJymbX CXntlm hmN.
AhtcmSv {]Pm]Xn ]dp: Anbn GXp ]pcpj
\mtWm Cu ImWs SpXv AXv Bmhv BIpp. AXv
ac WanmXpw `b anmXpw BIpp. AXv {_ am
Ipp. Fpw {]Pm]Xn ]dp. `Khmt\ GXmtWm
ApIfn Cu Adn b s SpXv , GXmtWm ]ns Im
Sn bn Cu Adn b s Sp Xv , Cu Bmhv AXn
GXmWv? Fv C{, hotcmN\ m tNmZnp. Cu ]pcp
j Xs Cu ayfnsemw Adn b s Spp.
Fmw Jw
DZicmh Bm\athy bZm
t\m \ hnPm\oY kvXt{]
{_qX anXn. Xutlm icmthyth
mw N{ImtX. Xul {]Pm]Xn
cphmN, Inw ]iyY CXn Xu tlm
NXpx khtathZw `Kh Bm\w
]iymh Btema`y A\t`Jyw {]Xn cp]anXn.
DZIw \nd Nnbn, Bmhns\ BthWw
sNbvXnv FmtWm Bmhns\ kw_nv \n Adn
bmXv AXns\ FtmSp ]dbphn. Fv {]Pm]Xn ]d
p. Ah DZIw \nd icmhn (Nn bn)
t\mn. AhtcmSv {]Pm]Xn tNmZnp: \n Fp
ImWpp? Ah ]dp `Khms\ R apgph
Bmhnt\bpw AXmbXv tcma apX \J hsc
bp {]Xncq]s ImWpp.
Xu l {]Pm]XncqhmN "km[zew
IrXu kph k\u ]cnjvIrXu `qtXz
Zicmthft]tYmanXn. Xu l
km[zew IrXu kphk\u ]cnjv
IrXu `qtXzm Zicmth f thmw
N{ImsX. Xu l {]Pm]Xn cphmN:
Inw ]iyY' CXn.
AhtcmSv {]Pm]Xn ]dp ""\hw BewIrX
mcpw, \ hkv{XtfmSpIqSnbhcpw, ]cnjv IrXmcp
ambnv DZicmhn t\mphn''. Ah \hw Bew
IrXmcpw ]cn jv IrXcpw Bbnonv DZicmhn
t\mn. AhtcmSv ""\n Fp ImWpp?'' Fv {]Pm
]Xn tNmZnp.
Xu tlmNXpx bssY thZ amhmw
`Khx km[zmewIrXu kphk\u
]cnjvIrXu kzx, Gh tath au
`Khx km[zew IrXu kph k\u
]cnjvIrXm hnXn. Gj BtXn tlm
hm ssNX ZarXa `b taXZv {_tXn.
Xu l im lrZbu {]h{hPXvx
Ah ]dp "" `Khmt\ GXp{]ImcnemtWm
R Cs\ \hw BewIrXmcpw \ hk\
tmSpIqSnb hcpw, ]cnjv IrXmcpw BbncnpXv A{]
Imcw Xs `Khmt\, Cu "Ombmm' thhn[w
BewIrXmcmbpw, \ hkv{XtfmSp IqSnb hcpw, ]cn
jvIr X cpambn cnp p.
Xu lm\zoy {]Pm]XncphmN:
A\p ]e`ym f f m\ a\\phnZy {hPtXm,
bXc GXZpc]njtXm `hnjyn tZ
hm hm f kpcmhm, tX ]cm`hnjyoXn
I K
N P
272
k l im lrZb Gh hntcmNt\m f
kpcm PKma tXt`ym sslXmap]\n
jZw t{]mhmNm f f ss th l al,
Bm ]cnN Bm\ tathl al
bmm\w ]cnNcp `u temImh
hm]vt\mXoaw Nmapw tNXn.
As\ t]mIp C{hn tcmN\ msc Inv {]Pm
]Xn ]dp: Bmhns\ AdnbmsXbpw, A\p`hsSp
msXbpw Ch t]mIpp. tZhmtcm Akpcmtcm
BcmtWm Ch B{Klnnp Xpt]mse BmhnZysb
{Klnhcmbn Xocm t]mIpXv Ah t{itbmam
n \np sXn tmIpw. B hntcmN\ im lrZb
\mbn Akpc mcpsS ASptep t]mbn. Ahv Cu
D]\njp ]dp sImSpp. Cu temIn Bmhp
Xs ]qPn stSXmWv . BmhmWv ]cnNcn s tS
Xv. Cu temIn Bmhn s\s, ]qPn p
sImpw Bmhns\ ]cnNcnpsImpw Ccnp h,
cp temI tfbpw AXmbXv Cu temItbpw ]c tem
Itbpw {]m]n pp.
XkvamZ]tZy lmZ Zm\a{i[m\ab
Pam\ amlpcmkptcm _tXXn; Akp
cmtWm, tlytjm]\njXv t{]Xky
icocw `nbmhkt\ \mew Imtc
tWXn kwkvphn. GtX\ lypapw
temIw tPyjytm a\yt.
AXn\m Ftmgpw Cu temIn Zm\w sNm
hpw, {i bnm h\pw, bPnioeanm h\pw Bbn
phs\ Ah Akpc kz`mhap XmWv Fv inm
]dbpp. Fsm Cu D]\njv Akpc mp
XmWv. arXs icocs KameymZnI sImpw
hkv{XwsImpw Aemcw sImpw apw kwkvIcnp
p. Cu ihkwkvImcw sImv ]ctemIs Pbnm
sav Ah hnNmcnpp.
H]Xmw Jw
AY tlt{m f {]mss]yh tZhmt\
XZv `bw ZZi: b ssYh Jezb
akvanRv Ocotc km[zewIrtX km[zew
IrtXm `hXn kpJ kt\ kpJ k\x
]cnjvIrtX ]cnjvIrX, Ghtahmb
akvant f tm `hXn, {kmta {km
ax ]cnhrIv tW ]cnhrIv tWm f ssky
h icoc\miat\zj \iyXn.
C{ tZhmsc {]m]npw ap]pXs Xmsgd
bp `bw Ip. GXp {]ImcnemtWm Cu Ombm
mhv Cu icocw thhn [n AewIrXambncn p
tm th hn[w Aecns Xmbpw \ hkv{X
tmSp IqSn b Xmbn cnptm \ hkv{X tmSp IqSn
b Xmbpw \JtcmamZnI CmXn cn ptm ]cn jvIr X
ambpw `hnpXv, CXpt]mseXs Cu Ombmmhv, Cu
icocw Aambncpm Aambpw, Itm aqtm Hen
pXmbncpm Itm aqtm HenpXmbpw,
ssItbm Imtem apdnXmbncpm ssItbm Imtem
apdnXmbpw Xocpp. Cu icoc ns Xs \miw
A\pkcnv CXpw \in pw.
\ml a{X t`mKyw ]iymaoXn. k k
an ]mWnx ]p\tc bmb; Xw l
{]Pm]Xn cphmN: aLh, bm
lrZbx {]m{hmPox kmw hntcm
Nt\\ Inan ]p\cmKa CXn.
ktlmhmNx b ssYh Jezbw `Kthm f
kvan icotc km[zewIrtX km[z
ewIrtXm `hXn, kphkt\ kphk\x
]cnjvIrtX ]cnjvIrX; Ghta
hmb akvant f tm `hXn,
{kmta{kmax ]cnhrIv tW ]cnhrIv
Wx Asskyh icocky \miat\zj
\iyXn; \ml a{X t`mKyw ]iyman
CXn.
Ombm Zi\n in amb ^es Rm ImWp
n. Fv C{ ssIbn kanpItfmSpIqSn hopw
Kan p. Aht\mSp {]Pm]Xn tNmZnp: aLhm, \o im
lrZb\mbnv hntcmN\\psamcpanv, kzKrln tep
t]mbXn\p tijw Fv Cnv \o XncnsI hp? Ah
]dp. `Khms\ GXp {]ImcnemtWm Cu Ombm
mhv Cu icocw thpwhw AewIrXambncn p
tm, \ hkv{XtmSp IqSn bncnptm \ hkv{X
tmSpIqSnb Xmbpw ]cnjv IrXambncnptm ]cnjv Ir
Xambpw `hnptm AXpt]mse Cu Nmbmmhv Cu
icocw Aambncnptm A ambpw, Itm aqtm
HenpXmbncnptm Itm aqtm HenpXmbpw
ssItbm Imtem apdnXmbncnptm ssItbm Imtem
apdn Xmbpw `hnpw. Cu icocns Xs \mis
A\pkcnv Cu Ombmmhpw \inpw. Cu Ombm
Zi\ n KpjvT^ew Rm ImWpn.
Gh ta sshj aLhnXn tlmhm
ssNXw tXzh tX `qtbm f \phymJym
kyman; hkm]cmWn Zzm{Xnw iXw
I K
N P
273
hjmWoXn. klm]cmWn Zzm{Xnw
iXw hjmWyphmk Xkvssa tlmhmN.
aLhmt\ Cu Ombmmhv Cs\ Xs Fp {]Pm
]Xn ]dp. {]IrXamb Cu Bmhns\ s \n\ p
hopw hymJym\npX cmw. thsd Hcp ap n cp hj
mew IqSn {_Ncynenq. C{ thsd Hcp ap
ncp hjmew IqSn {_Ncyn hknp.
Ah\v {]Pm]Xn ]dp sImSpp.
]mw Jw
b Gj kz]vt\ alob am\ctXyj
BtXn tlmhmssNXZ arX a`b
taXZv {_tXn klim lrZbx
{]h{hmP. k lm {]mss]y h tZhm
t\XZv `bw ZZi XZv bZy ]nZ
icocaw `hXyx k `hXn,
bZn {kmaa {kmtam, ss\ ssh tjm f
kytZmtjW ZpjyXn
GXmmtWm, kz]v\n ]qPn sSp Xmbn k
cnpXv AXv BmhmIpp. AXv AarXhpw A`bhpw
BIpp. AXp {_amIpp. Cs\ {]Pm]Xn ]dp.
Ah kmlr Zb \mbnv kzKrln tep t]mbn.
Ah tZhmsc {]m]npXn\p ap]pXs Xmsg d
bp tZmjw Ip. Cu icocw A ambn cpmepw, B
kz]v \mmhv A amXv Bbncnpp. icocw {kma
ambncpmepw kz]v\mmhv {kmaamXmbncnpp. Cu
kz]v \mmhv Cu icoc ns tZmjm Zpjnpn.
\ ht[ \mkyl\ytX; \mky{kmtay
W {kmax; Lv\ntXz ssh\w hnm
Zbo hm{]nb thth `hXn; A
]n tcmZnXoh; \m{X t`mKy ]iymaoXn.
Cu icoc ns h[ m, kz]v\mmhp l\n s
Spn . Cu icoc ns {kmamhbm kz]v \mmhv
{kma ambnocpn. Fm Cu kz]v\mzns\ l\n
pXpt]msebncn pp. HmSnp Xpt]mse Ccnp
p. A{]nbs A\p`hnp Xpt]mse Ccnpp. Ic
bp Xpt]mse Ccn pp. Rm Cu kz]v\m Zi\
n C amb ^ew ImWpn .
k kan ]mWnx ]p\tcbmbv ;
Xw l {]Pm]XncphmN: aLh
b mlrZbx {]m{hmPox Inan
]p\cmKa CXn. ktlmhmN
XZyZy ]oZw `Khx icocaw `h
Xy\x k `hXn, bZn{kma a{km
tam ss\sshtjm f ky tZmtjW ZpjyXn
C{ ]mWnbn kanpItfmSpIqSn hopw hp.
Aht\mSv {]Pm]Xn tNmZnp. aLhm, \o kmlrZb
\mbn {]{hPnnv Fns\ Cnphopw hncnpp?
Ah ]dp. `Khms\ Cu icocw A ambncpmepw,
B kz]v \mmhv A amXmbn cnpp. Cu icocw
{kaambncpmepw kz]v\mmhv A{kma ambn cnp p.
Cu kz]v \mmhv, Cu icoc ns tZmjm Xo
bmbpw Zpjnpn .
\ ht[ \mky l\ytX; \mky {kmtay
W {kmax, Lv\ntXz ssh\w hn
mZbohm, {]nbth th `hXy
]ntcmZnXoh; \ml a{X t`mKyw ]iym
aoXn. Ghta sshj alhnXn
tlmhm ssNXw tXzhtX `qtbm f
\p hymJymkyman; hkm ]cmWnZzm
{XnwiXw hjWoXn. klm]cm
WnZzm{Xnw iXw hjmWyphmk
Xkvssa tlmhmN.
Cu icocns {kmamhbm {kmaambncn p
n. Fm Cu kz]v \mmhns\ l\np Xpt]mse
bn cn pp; HmSnp Xpt]msebncnpp, Cu kz]v \m
mhv A{]nbw Adn bpXpt]mbncnpp. Ic bpXp
t]mse Ccnpp, Rm Cu kz]v\m Zi\n C
^ew ImWpn. aLhm, Cns\ Xs bmWv Fv {]Pm
]Xn ]dp. Fm CXns\s, \n\v hopw
hymJym\npXcmw. thsd Hcp apncp hjwIqSn
{_Ncyw A\pjv Tnq Fp ]dp. Ah thsd Hcp
ap ncphjw IqSn {_Ncyw A\pjv Tnp. Ah\v
{]Pm]Xn ]dp sImSpp.
]Xn s\mmw Jw
XZy ss{XXXv kp]vXx ka]vXx kw{]
kx kz]v\w \ hnPm\mtXyj B
tXn tlmhmssNX ZarXa`btaX
Zv {_tXn, k l im lrZbx
{]h{hmP; k lm {]mss]yh tZhm
t\XZv `bw ZZi: \ml Jezb
tahw kw{]Xymm\w P\mXyb
alakvaoXn; t\m Gtham\n `qXm
\n; hn\mitahm ]otXm `hXn, \m
la{X t`mKyw ]iymanXn
I K
N P
274
B hnjbn BcmtWm, kIeIcWhym]mc
tfbpw D]kwl cnv , Cu kv ]v \w kzhnph\mbpw, \
hw {]k \mbpw kz]v \s AdnbmXncnpXv, AXv
BmhmIpp. CXn AarXhpw A`bhpamIpp. CXv
{_amIpp. Cs\ ]dp. C{ im lrZb \m
bnv t]mbn. B C{ tZhmcpsS ASp Fp
Xn\p apmbns Cu `bw Ip. Cu kpjp]vXmh
bn D Bmhv CXv Rm BIpp Fn s\
Ah\ hs\ thpw hw Xobmbpw Adnbpn, Cu
`qXtf Adnbpn, hn\mis {]m]nXpt]mse
Bbnocpp. Rm Cu kpjp]vXm Zi\n C
amb ^ew ImWpn . B C{ In kanpItfm
SpIqSn hopw {]Pm]XnbpsS ASp sNp. Aht\mSp
{]Pm]Xn ]dp, amLhm, \o imlrZb \mbnp t]mb
Xns tijw Fv CnmWv hopw hncnpXv ?
C{ ]d p. `Khmt\ Cu kpjp]vXmmhv CXp Rm\m
ImWpp Fns\ Ah\ hs\ Adnbpnt? Cu `qX
tfbpw Adnbpnt? hn\mis {]m]nhs\ tmse
Bbnocptm? Rm Cu kpjp]vXm Zk\ n
Camb ^ew ImWpn. Bmhn\phn\miw hcpp
Fv tXmpn.
Gh ta sshj aLhnXn tlmhm
ssNXw tXz htX `qtbm f \phymJym
kyw an t\m sFhm\yss{X XkvamXv,
hkm]cman ] hjmWoXn
klm]cmWn ] hjmWyphmk
Xmt\yIiXw kwt]Zpx GXXv
XXv bZmlptc iXw l ssh hjm
Wn aLhm {]Pm]Xu {_Ncy
aphmk Xkvssa tlmhmN
amLhm, Cu kpjv T]v Xmmhv As\ Xs Fv
{]Pm]Xn ]dp. Fm AXp \n\v hymJym\n pX
cmw. CXmsX thsd Hpw AX . Hcp Ap hjw IqSn
{_Ncyw A\pjvTnq Fpw ]dp. C{ thsd
AphjwIqSn {_Ncyw A\pjvTnp. C{ {_
Ncyw A\pjvTnp \qsmp XnIp. amLhm \qsmp
hjw {]Pm]Xn bpsS ASp {_NcytmsS hkn
p. Fp ]dbmdpXv CXpsImmWv . C{t\mSv {]Pm
]Xn ]dp.
]{mw Jw
aLh, ayw hm CZw icocamw
arXyp\m XZkymarXky icockymt\m f
[njvTm\w; Btm ssh k icocx
{]nbm{]nbm `ymw \ ssh k icocky
kXx{]nbm {]nbtbmc]lXnckvXn;
A icocw hmhkw \ {]nbm{]ntb
kv ]riXx
amLhm, Cu icocw \inp kz`mhap Xpw, arXyp
hn\m {KkvXhpw BIpp. B idocw AarXhpw icoc
anmXpw Bb Cu Bmhns A[njv Tm\ amWv . ki
coc \mbncnptm, {]nbm{]nb fm {Kkv X\mbncnp
p. FXv {]kn amWv. k icoc \mbncnptm {]nbm
{]nb v apSw C. Aicoc\mbncnp hs\ {]nbm
{]nb kv ]in pn.
A icotcm hmbqc{`w hnZyqXv kvX\
bnXv\pc icocmtWyXm \n; XZyssY
Xm\y apjvamZmImimXv kapmb
]cw tPymXncp]kw]Zy tkz\ cp
t]Wm`n \njv]Zyt Gh ta ssh
jkw {]kmtZm f kvamcocmXv kap
mb ]cw tPymXncp]kw]Zy tkz
\ cpt]Wm`n\njv]ZytX; k Da
]pcpjx; k X{X ]tXn P
caam\x kv{Xo`nhm bm ss\ hm
mXn `nhw t\m] P\w kvacnZw icocw
hmbp icoc anmXmIpp. hjnpXv hnZypXv
BWv . apg p taLw Ch Ai cocfm Ip p.
Ans\ Ccns GXp {]Imc nemtWm Ch B BIm
in \nv kapm\w sNbvXnv, kqcykw_nbmb
{]Irjv Tamb tPymXnv Gnv, kzcq]n A`n\njv ]
fmIppthm C{]Imcw Cu kw{]kmZ Cu icoc
n \nv kapm\w sNbvXnv, ]caamb tPymXnp
{]m]n n v, kzcq]n A`n\njv ]\mIpp. Ans\
Bbnoh Da ]pcpj\mIpp. Ah B
kzmmhn lknpsImpw, `npsImpw kv {XoI
sf smtm hml \ sf sm tm, mXn I sf
smtm {IoUnpsImpw, kv{Xo]pcpjmcpsS At\ym
t\ym]Kaw sImpmIp Bmshp \nebn,
Bmhns kmao]ytmSp IqSn P\np Cu ico
cs kv acnmsX Npn kcnpp.
C\n Aicoc kz cq]\pw A]lX]m]vaXzm`n eW
tfmSp IqSn bh\pamb B ]pcpjs\ Anbn Cu
ImWsSpp Fv {]Pm]Xn ]dsXns\ bmWv?
Fp Nnnpp. B ]pcpj Anbn {]Xyambn
ImWsSp sXns\sbv ]dbpp. Npn Zi
\ n\v tlXp FmsWv ]dbpp.
k bYm {]tbmKy BNctWbp,
Gh ta hmb akvanRvOcotc {]mtWm bpx
I K
N P
275
B Zrmsans\ FmGXp {]Imc nemtWm,
IpXnc, Imf apXembXv k cW km[\ amb cYiISmZn
bn tNs Sp Xv, A{]Imcw Xs Cu icocn
Cu {]mW tN s ncnpp.
AY bss{XXImi a\p\njw
Npx kNpjx ]pcpjx Zi
\mb Npx AYtbm thZ Zw
Pn{LmWoXn k Bm; Kmb
{LmWw AYtbm thtZa`n hymlcm
Wo Xn k Bm; A`n hymlmcmbhm
v; AYtbm thZZw irWhm\oXn
k Bm; {ihWmbt{im{Xw; AY
tbm thZZw t\z\oXn k Bm;
at\m f kyssZhw Npx k hm G
j GtX\ tZssh\ Npjm a\
sskXm Imam ]iy catX
b GtX {_temtI
tZlOn{Zn A\pjamb Np FhnsS
bmtWm AhnsS {]Ir\mb Aicoc \mb Bmhv Np
nep ]pcpj BIpp. Npv Zi\ n\p Ic
WamIpp. CXns\ Rm {LmWns Fv BcmtWm
Adn bp Xv, AXv BmhmIpp. {LmtW{nbw K{K
lWn\p Ic WamIpp. ]ns CXns\ Rm A`n
hyml cns Fv AdnbpXv BmhmIpp. hmKn
{nbw A`nhymlmcn\p Ic WamIpp. CXns\
Rm tIs Fv AdnbpXmtcm, AXv Bmhm
Ipp. a\v Cu Bmhns ssZhamb NpmIpp.
As\bp ap Cu ssZhamb, Npmb a\
psImv {_temIneph Ghtbm B Imasf
IpsImv canpp.
Xw hm GXw tZhm Bm\
ap]mktX; XkvamtX; XkvamXtX
jmw kth N temIw Bmx
kth N Imamx, k khmw
temIm\m]vt\mXn, khmw Imam,
bkv Xamm\ a\phnZy hnPm\mXoXn
l {]Pm]XncphmN {]Pm]Xncp hmN
Ans\ bp Cu Bmhns\ tZhm D]mknp
p. AXn\m Ahv Fm temIfpw Fm Ima
fpw {]m]vXfmbncnpp. BcmtWm B Bmhns\
imkv {XmNmtm]tZi sImv Adnnv A\p`h
sSpXv, Ah Fm temItfbpw Fm Ima
tfbpw {]m]n pp Fp {]Pm]Xn ]dbpp.
C{ A\pjvTn {_Ncyns ^eambn C{\pw
AXphgn tZhmpw B m\w e`yambn. a\pjy
Aev]mbpmWn epw, C{mZn Isftmse Bmhns\
Adnbm {ianpIbmsWn, Fm Imatfbpw,
Fm temI tfbpw {]m]nm km[npXmWv. bkvX
amm\ a\phnZyhnPm\mXn Fv s]mXphmbnmWtm {]Pm
]Xn ]dncnp Xv . AXn\m B m\hpw
AXns ^e{]m]vXnbpw Ghpw XpeyamWv.
]Xn aqmw Jw
iymam_ew {]]tZy; i_emym
aw {]]tZy; Aiz C h tcmamWn
hn[qb ]m]w, N{ Ch cmtlm
pJmXv {]apNy [qXzm icoc, aIrXw
IrXmm {_ temIaZnkw `hmaoXn.
Rm iymasap ]dbp lmamb {_n
\nv, i_esap ]dbp {_temIs {]m]n pam
dmIs. Rm {_temIn \nv iymas {]m]nn
cn pIbmWv . Rm Aizwtcmasf F t]m se,
]m]s IpS pIfnv cmlphns apJ n \nv
ap \mbnXXonv, N{ F t]mse icocw shSnv ,
IrXIrXy\mbnv \nXyamb {_temIw {]m]npamdmI
s. A`n kw`hman Fv cp {]mhiyw ]dncnpXv
a{w Ahkm\np Fp ImWnm\mWv.
]Xn \memw Jw
BImtim ssh \ma \macq]tbm
nhlnXm; tX bZcmc{_,
XZarXw k Bm {]Pm]tXx
k`mw thiva {]]tZy; btim f lw
`hman {_mWm\mw. btim, cm
mw, btimhnimw, btim f la
{]m]n; klmlw bikmw bix,
tiyX aZXv IaZ XvIw tiyXw
enp am f `nKmw enp am f `nKmw
BImisap {ipXnIfn {]knaambnp Bm
hv , \mansbpw cq]nsbpw hymImhmIpp.
B \macq] GXns a[ynemIppthm, AXp {_
amIpp. Asn B \ma cq]fpsS a[yn
GXmtWm DXv, AXp {_amIpp. AXv AarXamIp
p, AXv BmhmIpp. Rm {]Pm]XnbpsS k`bmb
Krls {]m]npamdmIs, Rm {_mWcpsS bi
mbn `hnpamdmIs, cmPm mcpsS bimbn `hnp
amdmIs, sshiycpsS bimbn `hnpamdmIs, Rm
ta ]d hcpsS bins\ A\p{]m]np\ \ Xn\v Cn
pp. A s\ bp Rm, tZtl {nb at\m _pncq]
fmb bipIfpsS BmhmIpp. Rm tcmlnX
hhpw, Zlo\hpw, `npXpw Bb tcmlnX
I K
N P
276
h amb ]nne hkvXphns\, A`nKan cpXv.
Bm shp ]d bp Xv Fm Pp pw,
Amanbpw ssNX \ykzcq]hpw Ah\ h\pXs
A\p`hap XpamWv . Aicoc\pw BImiwt]mse kh
KX\pw Bb Bmhv {_amWv . B Bmhmb {_w
AXmbXv, ac Wanm kz`mhtmSpIqSn bXmIpp.
NXppJ \mb {]Pm]XnbpsS k`bn {]m]npamdm
Is FXpsImptinpXv A\amb Bmhns
ebamWv. {]Pm]XnbpsS k`bw {]m]np sXn\mWv
hniZoIcn ppv . emt]mse tcmln Xhhpw,
Zc lnXhpw, Fm `np Xpamb (AXns\ tkhn
phcpsS hohpw _ehpw tXPpw \in np
Xn\m `np Fp ]dncnp Xv) tbm\n Fp
]dbp kv{XoIfpsS {]Pt\ {amIp hkvXphns\ Rm
{]m]nphm CS hccpXv FXpsImptinpXv
]p\PapmIcpsXXmWv. enpamf `nKmw Fp cp
XhW ]dn cnpXv, AXyw A\amsWv
ImWnm\mWv.
]Xn \mw Jw
XssXZv {_m {]Pm]Xb Dhm
N, {]Pm]Xn\ th, a\px {]mPm
`yx BNmcy IpemtZzZa[oXy
bYmhn[m\w Kptcmx ImXn titj
WmZn kamhrXn, IpSpwt_ ipsNu
tZti kzm[ymb a[nbmt\m [nIm
hnZ[Zm\n kth{nbmWn kw{]
XnjvTm]ym lnwk kh`qXm\y\y{X
Xot`yx kJtezhw hb
bmhZmbpjw {_temIaZn kw
]ZytX, \ N ]p\cmhtX, \N
]p\cm h tX.
Cu B m \s lncWy K` AYhm
lncWyK` hgn ]c taizc {]Pm]Xnv ]dp sImSp
p. BNmcyIpen \nv hn[n A\pkcnv Kpcphn
\pthn Iw sNbvXnv _mnbp kabw sImv
thZmyb\w sNbvXnv, A`nkamh\w sNbvXv, IpSpw
_n nXnsNbvXv , ipNnbmb tZin Ccpv,
kzm[ymbw, A[yb\w Ch sNbvXpsImpw [mnIm
cmb ]p{Xmsc P\nnbpw, injysc kmZnbpw,
sNbvXpsImpw Fmw C{nb tfbpw Bmhn D]
kw l cn pw, imkv {X n hn[n n p nS smgnsI
bmsXmcp `qX tfbpw lnwknmsX bpw, BbppnS
tmfw Imew Cs\ hnp A[nImcn, {_
temIw {]m]npp. hopw Bhn bn.
{_mhv AXmbXp lnc WyK` hgnbmbn ]ctaiz
c, Imiyh F {]Pm]Xnv CXv D]tZinp sImSp
p. Iiy] Xs ]p{X\mb a\phn\pw, a\p Xs {]P
Ipw D]tZinp. Kpcp injy]ccbmbn D]\nj
m\w hnZzmmcn tev ]Icpp.
CXn Bdp apXep aqv Aymbfn D
B hnZy k^eamWv AdnbpnS tmfw, I
sesImv bmsXmcp {]tbmP \hpanphp IqSpp.
Ans\ In\v A\Iyw hcpXns\ ]cnlcn
p Xn\v , A\pjvTn s Sp In\v ^eap Xmbn
]dbppv. Kpcphn\pthn sNt tPmenI sNbvXp
Xo \n\ptijap kabw sImv thZmyb\w sN
Wsap ]dncnpp. \nb a tfmSpIqSn Aymb\w
sNp thZw am{Xsa Im\m I^ e knn
pXmIq. BNmcyIpen \np Xncnp hXn\p
tijw Krlm{ianp hn[nnp I A\pjvTn
m ]dncnpp. Kmlyhn[n{]Imc ap I
fn kzm[ymb n\v IqSpX {]m[m\yw Dv. Ahkm
\n bYmImew, ]p{X msc P\n nv, injysc km
Znv, Fm C{nb tfbpw Bmhn D]kwlcnv,
imkv {Xn hn[nnpsXmgnsI ap bmsXmcp `qX
tfbpw lnwknmsX BbppnStmfw Imew Pohn
m D]tZinncnpp. Ans\ bphv tam
{]m]vXn DmIpw.
imn ]mTw
Hmw Bhymbp aamvKm\n, hmIv , {]m
W, px t{im{X atYm _e, an{n
bmWn N khmWn khw {_u]\n
jZw am f lw {_\ncmIpcymw amam
{_\ncmItcmXv; A\n cmIcW
akvXz\ncmIcWw ta f kvXp; XZm\n
\nctb b D]\njkp, [mkvtX
abn kp tX abn kp.
Fs AwKfpw, hmpw, {]mW\pw Nppw,
t{im{Xhpw, _ehpw Fm C{nb epw Cu D]\nj
ns A[yb n \pw, AXn hn[nn p D]k\mZn I
fpsS A\pjvTm\ n\pw, a\\mZn Ipw D]bpamb
hn[ n ]qfmItW. khhpw D]\njn
{]Xn ]mZn np {_ amIpp. Rm {_s \ncmI
cnmXncntW. Fs {_w \ncmIcnmXn cn tW.
B D]\n jn {]Xn ]mZnnp {_w Xs Bbnp
h\pw, AXns\ Adnbp Xnepw A\p`hs Sp Xnepw,
XmXv]cyap h\pamb Fn, D]\njp fn {_
n \p Xmbn dbp [ Dmbn cn s.
Hmw imnx, Hmw imnx, Hmw imnx
I K
N P
277
_rlZmcWytIm]\njv
3
1
imn ]mTw
Hmw ]qWaZx ]qWanZw ]qWmXv
]qWaqZ Ny tX,
]qWky ]qWamZky
]qWtahmhmin jytX
Hmw Ah (]cammhv) ]q\mIpp. Ch (Im
cy{_w) ]q\mIpp. FpsImsm ]qX
bn \np am{Xta ]qX DmIpIbpp. {]fb Ime
n Imcy{_ ns ]q Xzapmbn (Xn Xs
eo\ \mbn) ]q \mbn ]c {_ambn Ahtijn pp.
{Xnhn[ ]m] fn \npw imn bpmItW.
Hmw Aymbw
Hmw {_mWw
1. D] Hmw. Djm hm Aizky tat[ykyinc,
kqcy phmX; {]mtWm, hymanssh
izm \c; kwh c Bm f iz ky ta [y ky.
Zyu: ]rjvT, acoapZcw, ]rYnho]mPkyw.
Zni: ]mtizAhmcZni: ]mizh EXthm
f MvKm\n, amkmm amkm ]hmWytlm
cm{XmWn {]XnjvTm, \{XmWyn\n, \t`m
amwkm\n, Duh[yw knIXm: kn thm KpZm,
bIr tmam\]Xm, Hmj[bh\kv]
X b tem am\ypZy ]qmtm, \ntmN
PL\mtm bZznPrw`tX XZv hntZymX tX, bZzn
[q\ptX XXv kvX\ bXn btlXn XZznjXn
hmtKhmky hmIv.
ta[yamb ]cnip amb bn\p Aiz
ns incv DjmIpp {_maplq amIpp.
Npv kqcy\mIpp. {]mW hmXamIpp. Xpd
hmbv sshizm\ c Fp ]dbp AnbmIpp. ta[y
amb Aizns Bmhv icocw kwh c amIpp.
]rjv Tw tZymhmIpp. DZcw Aco amIpp. ]mZk\
m\w ]rYnhn bmIpp. ]miz hi Znp
IfmIpp. ]ip hmcnsb pI Ahmc ZnpI
fmIpp. AwK Ahbh EXpfmIpp. ]
knI amkfpw A amkfpw BIpp.
{]Xn jv TI ]mZ Atlmcm{X fmIpp. An
I \{X fmIpp. amwk \`mIpp \`n
ep taLfmIpp. Duh[yw hbnep Zlnm
Blmc km[\w knIXIfmIpp aWepI BIpp.
KpZ \mUnI knp fmIpp \ZnIfmIpp.
bIrpw tmahpw ]XfmIpp. tcma Hmj
[nIfpw hrfpamIpp. ]qmw DZn p BZn
Xy\mIpp. ]n]IpXn Akv X anp BZn Xy\mIpp
hn{Prw`n pXv tImphmbn SpXv an anp Xm
Ipp. icocw IpSbpXv CSnapg p XmIpp. taml\w
sNpXp hjnp XmIpp. Cu Aizns hmp
i_vZw hmpXs bmIpp.
2. D] Alm, Aizw ]pc kv Xm lnam f
\zPmbX;Xky ]qt kapt{Zmtbm\o; cm{Xn
tc\w ]m lnam f \zPm bX; Xky. ]tc
kapt{Ztbm\n:, GXu hm Aizw alnam\m h\z
ZnX: kw_`qhXp:; ltbm `qXzm tZhm \ h l
ZzmPo Km\m f kpcm\tizma\pjym,
kap{Z Ghmky _; kap{Ztbm\n:
Almb alnamhv Aizns apn Aizs
eoIcnv P\np. B Almb alnamhns m\w
Ingtkap{ZamIpp. Cu Aizns ]nn cm{Xn
bmb aln amhv A\pP\np. B cm{Xnbmb alnamhns\
m]np m\w A]ckap{ZamIpp. Cu alnam
Aizns Ccphipw Bbn kw`hnp. lb ambn
ov tZhmsc hlnp. hmPnbmbn op K
msc hlnp. Amhmbnonv Akpc msc hln
p. Aizambnonv a\pjysc hlnp. Cu Aiz
I K
N P
278
ns _ \m\w kap{Zw Xs bmIpp. D n
ImcWw kap{ZamIpp.
cmw {_mWw
3. D] ss\ thhml In wN \m{ K BkoXv ;
arXypss\thZamhrXamko, Zi\mbbm; Ai
\mbm ln arXyp: Xt\m f IcpXm f \zo
kymanXn; tkm NcXv; XkymX At]m
f Pmb; AtXsshta Ia `q ZnXn; XtZ
hm kymXzw; Iwlhm Akvssa `hXn,
b GhtaXZkymXzw thZ.
Cu kwkmc aen apv a\v apXembXpm
Ip Xn\papv bmsXmpw Dmbncpn. Cu Imcy`qX
amb PKv Ai\mb (hniv) BIp arXyphn\m Xs
BhrXambncpp. hniv arXyphmsWp {]kn amW
tm. AhB arXyp, F\nv Bmhph\mbn oc
Wsap hnNmcnv B a\ ns\ Dmn. Ah B {]Pm
]Xn, An psImv Ah\hs\ s ]qPnpsImv
k cnp. Atlw AnpsImncnptm Ap
I Dmbn. ""AnpsImncnp F\npthn
Pew Dmbn'' Fv arXyp hnNmcnp. AXpXsbmWv
A \vAizta[{IXphn\v D]tbmKnp Anv
AXzn\p tlXp. C{]Imcw Cu AnbpsS A
Xzs B Adnbppthm Chv kpJw, Asn Pew
Xobmbpw DmIpw.
4. D]Bt]m hm A, kvXZyZ]mwic BkoXv
XXv ka l \yX; km ]rYn hy ` hXv ;
Xkyma{ imayXv ; Xky { im ky X]v Xky
tXtPmctkm\nc h Xmnx
A Fp ]dbpXv ApI BWv. AXn
ApIv GXp icw Dmtbm GXp Z[naw t]mse
bp hkvXp Dmtbm AXp kwl Xambnocpp. Hcp
anp tNv Inbmbnocpp. AXp ]rYnhn Bbn
ocpp. B ]rYnhnbnB ]rYnhnsb Dev]mZntm
{]Pm]Xn {im\mbn ocpp. {im\pw X]vX \pw Jn
\pw Bb Ahs {]Pm]XnbpsS tXPmIp ckw
Anbmbnhncmmbn \nhnp{]Pm]Xn icoc n
\nv \njv{Ianncnpp.
5. D]kt{X[m f f m\w hymIpcpX; BZnXyw
XrXobw, hmbpw XrXobw; k Gj {]m W
kv t{X[m hnlnXx; Xky {]mNo ZnIv incx,
Asku Nmku tNsu; AYmky {]Xo
NnZnIv ]pw; Aku Nm sku Nm kIvYyu;
ZnWm tNmZoNo N]mtiz Zyux ]rjv Tw;
AcnapZcw; Cbapcx, k Gtjm f ]v kp
{]Xn jv Tn Xx b{XIzssN Xn tZh {]Xn Xn jp
tXyhw hnZzm
Ah As\ P\n {]Pm]Xn aqmbn XsXs
hn`Pnp. aqmaXmbn BZnXys\bpw aqma Xmbn hmbp
hnt\bpw sNbvXp. k`qXmmhmb Cu {]mW
Cs\ aqmbn hn`Pn sn cnpp. As\ bp
Aizta t[m]tbmKnIamb An v, Ing pZnv inc m
Ipp. AXp AXpwAntImWpw im\ tImWpw Cu
fmIpp_mlpfmIpp. ]ns Cu An v, ]Sn
mtd Znv ]pamIppDSens ]n`mKamIpp.
AXpw AXpw hmbptImWpw \ncyXntImWpw kIvYnI
BIpp. sXtZnpw hSt Znpw cphifmIpp.
tZymhv ]rjv TamIppapXpImIpp. BImiw DZc amIp
p. CXvCu ]rYnhn DcmIpp. As\bp Cu
An ApIfn {]XnjvTnXambncnpp. C{]Imcw Adn
bp h FhnsS t]mbmepw AhnsSs {]XnjvTsb
{]m]npXmWv .
6. D] tkm f Ima bX Zz n Xotbm a Bm
PmtbtX Xn k a\km hmNw, anYp\w ka`h
Z i\mbmarXypx; Xt{ZX Bk oXv ; k kwh
tcm f `hXv ; \ l ]p cm XXx kwh c
Bk; Xta Xmhw Ime a _nt`m bmhm
kwhcx, XtaXm hXx Imeky ]ckv XmZ
kr PX, XwPmXa`nhymZZmXv, k `mWItcmXv;
sskh hmK`hXv.
Ah B arXyp ""F\nv cmasXmcp icocw Dm
IWw'' Fv Iman p. B Ai\mbbmIp arXyp a\ n
t\mSv hmns\ anYp\amnCWtNp. AXnA
s\ CW tN Xn GXp tcXmtWm DmbXv AXv
kwh c ambn op kwh c \nmXmhmb {]Pm]
Xnbmbn op. B {]Pm]Xnbvp apv kwhcw
Fp ]dbp Imew Dmbncpn. Ahs\B kwh
cIme\nmXmhmb {]Pm]Xn sb, kwhcw Fp
]dbp Imew F{XtmfamtWm A{Xtmfw Imew,
`cn p K` n \p n arXyp `cn p. A{ Xbpw
Imenstijw Ahs\B {]Pm]Xnsb krnp.
P\n Ahs t\sc hm ]nfv `nm\mbn arXyp hm
]nfp. Ah "`m' F i_vZs Dmn AXp
Xs hmmbnop.
7. D] k sF X. b Zn hm Ca a `n awtky
I\otbm f w Icn jyCXn. k Xbm hmNm
tX\m f t\Zw kh a kr P X, bZnZw Inw
Ntm, bPqw jn , kmam \n , Omw kn ,
bm, {]Pmx, ]iqk bZytZhm krPX
XZpa {[nbX; khw hm BoXn XZ
`ntX cZnX Xzw, kh sskyXkymm `hXn,
khakymwZ `hXn b GhtaX Z ZntXcZn
XnXzw thZ.
AharXyp, ""Cu Ipamcs\ lnknbmsWn,
Rm As A]amn sNpw'' Fv Cunp
I K
N P
279
hnNmcnp. Ah arXyp B hmpsImpwapp ]d
{Xbocq]amb hmpsImpw B a\psImpw Cu
khamb mhchpw PwKahpamb Cu PKns\
Fmw, AXmb Xv, EpItfbpw bppIsfbpw kma
sfbpw Kmb{Xn apXemb OpIsfbpw b
sfbpw {]PIsfbpw ]ip sfbpw krnp. Ah B
arXyp GXns\ Fmw krn pthm AXns\ Hs `n
pXn\v Hcpn Fmns\bpw `npp FpXp
GtXm CXmWp AZnXnbpsS AZnXnXzw. C{]Imcw Cu AZn
XnbpsS AZnXnXzs Bcv Adnbppthm Ah Cu PK
ns Fmw khmmhmbnocpXmWv. Ahv
Fmw A ambnocpIbpw sNpXmWv .
8. D]tkm f Ima bX, `qbkm bt\`qtbm
btPtbXn, tkm f {imayXv; kXt]m f X]yX;
Xky {imky X]vX ky btim hocy ap Z{Im
aXv ; {]mWmssh btim hocyw; XXv {]mtW
jqXv {Imtjp icocw izbnXp a{[nbX; Xky
icoc Gha\ BkoXv.
Ah B {]Pm ]Xn, ""hep Xmb bw sImv
hopw F\nv bPnWw'' Cs\ Imanp Ah
{im\mbn. Ah X]ns\ X]np. {im\pw X]v X\p
amb Ahs bipw hocyhpw DXv {Ianp. bipw
hocyhpw {]mW fmbn. AXn\m {]mW DXv{Im
fmbtm icocw honpSn. Fnpw Ahs
a\v icoc nXs Ddn cpp.
9. D]tkm f ImabX, ta[yw a CZw kym Zm
\zyt\\ kymanXn, XtXm f izx ka`hXv, bZ
izXv Xt[ya`qZnXn XtZhmizta[ ky iz ta[
Xzw. Gj l hm Aizta[w thZ b G\ tahw
thZ Xa \ h cpss[y hma \y X, Xw kwh
cky ]ckvXmZm\ Be`X ]iq tZhXm`yx
{]XyulXv; XkvamXv kh tZhXyw t{]mjnXw
{]mPm]Xy ame`t; Gj l hm Aiztat[m
b GjX ]Xn; Xkykwh c Bm f ba
n ckvXtkyta temIm Bm\x Xm thXm
hmiz ta[u. tkm ]p\tcssIh tZhXm
`hXn arXyp tch; A] ]p \r Xypw P bXn
ss\\w arXypckymm `htXyXm kmw tZh
Xm\m tatIm`hXn. b Ghw thZ.
""Fs Cu icocw ta[yambnoctW. Cu icocw
sImv F\nv Bmhph\mbnoc tW.'' Fv B
{]Pm]Xn B{Klnp. AXn\m Aiz ambn op.
GXmtWm izbnXv AXv ta[yambn op. FpXp
Xs bmWv Aizta[ n\p Aizta[Xzw F [w.
Chs\ Cu Aiztbpw ta]d {]Imc ap An
cq]\mb kqcyt\bpw Cs\taem Npcpn
ImWnphm t]mIp hntijWtmSpIqSn Bcv Adn
bppthm Ah Aizta [s Adnbpp. AXns\ B
Aizs Ahtcm[nmsXXs XSpmsXXs {]Pm
]Xn Nnnp. Hcp kwhcn \ptijw B Aizs
X\npthn Bew `\w sNbv Xv h[nv ap tZhX
Imbn ap ]ipsf _ensImSpp. AXn \m{]
Pm]Xn C{]Imcw NnnXn\m BWv Fm tZhXI
sfbpw kw_nXpw t{]mWw sNsXpw Bb
{]Pm]Xn tZhX bmbnp ]iphns\ Bew`\w sNp
XvbmnIm h[np Xv. Cu X]np Xmtcm AXv
Aizta[amIpp. Ahv kwhcw Fp ]dbp
Imew BmhmIppicoc amIpp. Cu An]mn
hmn A\mIpp. Cu AnbmIp A\v Cu
aqp temI Bm fmIppicocmhb h fmIp
p. As\bp Cu Amizta[ ]nsbpw
arXyphmIp B tZhX Xs Bbnocpp. C{]Imcw
Bcv Adnbppthm Ah hopap arXyphns\
tXmev]npXmWv . Ahs\ arXyp {]m]npIbn. arXyp
Ahs Bmhmbnocpp. Cu tZhXIv GI\mb
Bmhmbpw Ah\mbnocpp.
aqmw {_mWw
10. D] Zzmbm l {]mPm]Xym, tZhmm kpcm;
XXx Im\obkm GhtZhm Pymbkm Akpcmx,
X Gjp temtIjy kv ]; tX l tZh
DuNplm kpcm \y DZv Ko tY \mXy
bmtaXn.
{]Pm]Xn bpsS A]Xy tZhmcpw Akpc mcpw
cp Iq BIpp. Ahcn tZhm Aev ]m
XsbmIpp. Akpc m A[nIm BIpp. Ah
B Akpc mcpw tZhmcpw Cu temI \nan ambn
Xn Xn kv]np. B tZhm ]dp.""C tm
b n Akpc msc DZvKoYw sImv \apv AXnK
anmw''.
11. D] tX l hmNaqNpkvXzw \ DZvKmtbXn. X
tYXn tX t`ym hm KpZ KmbXv ; tbm hm Nn
t`mKkvXw tZth`y B KmbXv; bXv IeymWw
hZXn XZm t\, tX hn Zp ct\ ss\h \
DZvKm{Xm f tXyjyoXn; Xa`n{ZpXy ]m]va\m
f hn[y; k bx k]m]vam btZ th Za {]Xn
cq]w hZXn; k Gh k ]m]vam. h.
Ah tZhm hmnt\mSv hmK`nam\n\nbmb tZhX
tbmSv ""\o Rpthn DZvKm\w sNpI'' Fv ]d
p. ""As\ bmIs''Fv hmKvtZhX Ahpthn
DZvKm\w sNbvXp. hmp\nan ambn D t`mKw GtXm
B t`mKs tZhmmbn BKm\w sNbvXp IeymW
ambnhZnpI FXp GtXm AXns\ X\nbvmbn
BKm\w sNbvXp.
AhAkpc m ""Cu DZvKmXmhns\sImv \sf
tZhm AXnKanpw'' Fv Adnp. B DZvKmXmhns\
I K
N P
280
A`nKan np ]m]vamhpsImp th[n pXmUnp. B
]m]vamhv GtXm AXv GXp \nan amtWm Cu A{]Xncq
]ambn ]dbpXv AXp Xs bmIpp. B ]m]vamhp
A{]Xncq]ambn ]dbp Xn\p \nan amb B ]m]vamhv
{]Pm]XnbpsS hmn DXpX s bmIpp.
12. D]AY l {]mWapNpkvXzw \ DZv KmtbXn
XtYXn tX`yx {]mW DZv Kmb Xv . bx {]mtW
t`mKkv Xw tZth`y BKmbXv; bXv IeymWw
Pn{LXn XZm t\. tX hnZp c t\\ ssh\
DZvKm{Xm f tXyjyoXn, Xa`n{ZypXy]m]va\m
f hn[y; k bx k ]m]v am b tZ thZa
{]Xncq]w Pn{LXn; k Gh k ]m]vam
A\ cw {]mWt\mSv, ""\o Rpthn, DKv Zm\w
sNpI'' Fv tZhm ]dp. As\ bmIs Fp
]dv, {]mW Ahpthn DZvKm\w sNbvXp.
{]mW \nan ap t`mKw GtXm, AXns\ tZhmp
thn BKm\w sNbv Xp. Ieym W am bn p Xns\
{LmWn FXv GtXm AXns\ X\npthn BKm\w
sNbvXp. ""Cu DZvKmXmhns\ smv \s tZhm AXn
Kan pw'' Fv Akpc m Adn p. B DZvKmXmhns
t\sc sNp ]m]wsImv B {]mWs\ th[np. B ]m]w
GtXm AXv, GXp \nanamtWm Cu A\pNnXambnp
Xns\ {LmWnpXv AXp Xs. A\pNnXambnp
Xns\ {LmWnpXpsImv A\pans Sp B ]m]vam
hv, {]Pm]XnbpsS {]mW\nepXpXs.
13. D] AY l Np cqNp kvXzw \ DZvKmtbXn;
XtYXn tX`ympcpZKmb Xv . b pjn
t`mKkv Xw tZth`y BKmbXv; bXv IeymWw
]iyXn XZmt\. tX hnZpct\\ ssh \ DZvKm
{XmtXy jyoXn; Xa`n{ZpXy]m]va\m f hn[y.
k bx k ]m]vam b tZthZa{]Xncq]w ]iyXn
k Gh k ]m]vam
A\cw Npnt\mSv, ""\o Rphthn
DZvKm\w sNq'' Fv tZhm ]dp. ""As\
BIs'' Fp ]dv, Npv Ahpthn DZvKm\w
sNbvXp. Npv \nan ambp t`mKw GtXm AXns\
tZhmmbn BKm\w sNbvXp. IeymWambnp Xns\
ImWpI FpXp GtXm AXns\ X\nbvmbn BKm\w
sNbvXp. ""Cu DZvKmXmhns\ smv tZhm \s AXn
Kanpw'' Fv B Akpc m Adnv B DZvKmXmhns\
A`n{Zhnnv ]m]vamhns\smv th[np. B ]m]vamhp
GtXm AXv bmsXmp \nan amtWm Cu A\pNnXam
bnpXns\ ImWpXv AXpX sbmWv. A\pNnXambn
pXns\ ImWp Xn\p \nanamb B ]m]vamhp {]Pm
]XnbpsS Npn Akpcm tN XpXsbmWv .
14. D] AY l t{im{X aq NpkvXzw \ DZvKmtbXn.
XtYXn tX`yx t{im{X apZKmbXv. bx t{imt{X
t`mKkv Xw tZth`y BKmbXv; bXv IeymWw
irtWmXn XZm t\, tX hn Zpct\ ssh\
DZvKm{Xm f tXjyoXn. Xa`n{ZpXy ]m]va\m
f hn [y kbx k ]m]v am b tZth Za
{]Xncq]w irwtWmXn; k Gh k ]m]vam
A\cw ""\o Rmbn DZvKm\w sNbvI'' Fv
t{im{XtmSv ]dp. ""A s\bmIs'' Fp ]dv,
t{im{Xw B tZhmmbn DZvKm\w sNbvXp. t{im{Xw \nan
ap t`mKw GtXm AXns\ tZhmmbn BKm\w
sNbv Xp. IeymWs tim`\ambn pXns\ tIp
FXv GtXm AXns\ X\nmbn BKm\w sNbvXp. ""Cu
DZvKmXmhns\ smv \t tZhm AXnKanpw'' Fv
Akpcm Adnp. B DZvKmXmhns t\tc sNv
]m]vamhpsImv th[np. B ]m]vamhv GtXm AXv , GXp
\nan amtWm Cu A\pNnXambnp Xns\ tIpXv
AXpXsbmWv. A\pNnX {ihWn\p \nan amb B
]m]v amhv {]Pm ] Xn bpsS t{im{X n D Xp X
sbmIpp.
15. D] AY l a\ Du Npkv Xzw \ DZv Km tb Xn.
XtYXn tXt`ym a\ DZv Km b Xv . tbm a\kn
t`mKkv Xw tZth`y BKmbXv. bXv IeymWw
k ev]bXn XZms\. tX hnZpct\\ ssh\
DZvKm{Xm f tXyjyoXn. Xa`n{ZpXy ]m]va\m
f hn[y. k bx k ]m]vam btZthZ a{]Xn
cq]w kev]bXn. k Gh k ]m]vam. Gh
ta\mx ]m]v a\m f hn[y Gh a JtezXm
tZhXmx tZhXmx ]m]va`ncp]mkr P.
]ns a\nt\mSv ""\o Rpthn DZvKm\w
sNbvI'' Fv tZhm ]dp. ""As\ BIs'' Fp
]dv, a\v B tZhmmbn DZvKm\w sNbvXp. a\
p\nanap t`mKw GtXm AXns\ tZhmmbn
BKm\w sNbvXp. IeymWambnp Xns\ kev]npp
FpXv GtXm, AXns\ X\npthn BKm\w
sNbvXp. ""Cu DZvKmXmhns\ smp \s tZhm AXn
Kanpw.'' Fv, Akpcm Adn p. B DZvKmXmhns\
A`n{Zhnv, ]m]vamhpsImv th[n. B ]m]vamhv GtXm
AXv, GXp \nanamtWm Cu A\pNn XambnpXns\
kev]npXv, AXpXs BIpp. A\pNnXambn p
Xns\ kev]n p Xn\p \nan amb B ]m]w AXp
Xs {]Pm]XnbpsS a\ n Dmbn cp XpX s. C{]
Imcw Cu tZhX Isf ]m]vamhpsImv th[np; AXmb
Xp, hmKmZn Isf ]m]vamthmSp tbmPnn Xpt]mseXs
Cu XzKmZn tZhX Isf ]m]vam tfmSp tbmPn n p.
16. D] AY tlaamk\yw {]mWaqNpkvXzw \ DZv
KmtbXn; XtYXn tX`y Gj{]mWDZvKmbXv; tX
hnZpct\\ ssh \ DZvKm{Xm f tXyjyo\nXa
`n {`yp Xy ]m ]v a\m f hnhy ; k bYm f
ivam\ arXzm temtm hn[zwtkssXhw sslh
I K
N P
281
hn[zw kam\m hnjztm hnt\ipx XtXm
tZhm A` h]cm f kpcmx; `hXym\m, ]cm
f kyZzn j{`mXrthym `hXn, tb Ghw thZ.
A\cw Cu Aky n ep {]mW t\m Sv, ""\o,
Rpthn DZvKm\w sNbvI'' Fv tZhm ]dp.
""As\ BIs'' Fp ]d v, {]mW Ahmbn
DZv Km\w sNbvXp. ""Cu DZvKmXmhn s\smv \s tZh
m AXnKanpw'' Fv B Akpcm Adnp.
Ahs t\tc sNnp ]m]vamhns\ smv th[nphm
Cn p. AXv Fs\ Fm, F{]Imcw temw (am
) ]mjmWs {]m]nnv hn[zw knptam, C{]Imcw
Xs hntijnp [zkvXcmbn v, \m\mKXnIfmbn hn\m
is {]m]n p. A\ cw tZhm, {]Ir X cmb hmKmZn
I AymZymIamb kz cq]nembn op.
Akpc m ]cm`qX cmbn op, hn\ cmbn op.
BcmtWm C{]Imcw AdnbpXv Ah Xm\mbnocpw.
Chs i{Xphmb {`mXrhy ]cm`qX\mIpw.
17. D] tXtlmNpx, Iz\ptkm`qZv, tbm \ Ca
ktXn. Abamtky f cnXn; tkm f bmky
BMv Knctkm f MvKm\mw lnckx
Ah{]Pm]XnbpsS {]mW]dp: ""BcmtWm
\t C{]Imcw tZh`mhtmSp tN Xv, Ah FhnsS
Ccppthm?'' Fv, ""CXm hmbpsS \Sphn.'' Fv Ah
Ip]n Sn p. B {]mW, Abmky\pw BMv Kn ck\pam
Ipp. Fsm Ah BMv K fpsSImcyIc Wm
Ifmb AMvKfpsS c kamIpp, kmc amIpp.
18. D]km hm Gjm tZhXm Zqma; Zqcw ly
kymarXypx; Zqcw l hm AkvamarXyp`hXn
b Ghw thZ
As\ bp Cu {]mWtZhX "Zq' Fp {]knn
bpXmIpp. Fsm, Cu tZhX bn \nv arXyp
ZqcnemWv . C{]Imcw B Adnbppthm, Ch\n\nv
arXyp Zqc n embnocpp.
19. D]km hm Gjm tZhssXXmkmw tZhXm\mw
]m]vam\w arXypa]lXy, b{Xm f f kmw Znima
kv X Zv K abmw NImc; XZmkmw ]m]v a
t\mhn\yZ[mXv; Xkvam P\anbmmanbm
tXv ]m]vam\w arXypa\zhmbm\oXn.
As\ D {]mW Fp ]dbp Cu tZhX Cu
hmKmZn tZhX IfpsS ]m]v amhmIp arXyphns\ A]l
\nnv FhnsSbmtWm Cu ZnpIfpsS Ahkm\w AhnsS
Kannp. AhnsS Cu tZhX IfpsS ]m]vamsf ]e hn[
n ASnhp. AXn\m, ""]m]v amhmIp arXyphns\
Rm {]m]n cpXv . Atm!'' Fv hnNmcnv , P\s Kan
cpXv. A s ZnpIfpsS AsKan cpXv.
20. D]km hm Gjm tZhssXXmkmw tZhXm\mw
]m]v am\w arXyp a ] l Xym ssY\m arXyp a
XyhlXv .
A s\bp Cu {]mWtZhX Cu hmKmZn tZhXI
fpsS ]m]vamhmIp arXyphns\ A]l \nn v Cu tZhX
Isf arXyphns\ ISn hnv kzcq]s {]m]n np.
21. D]k ssh hmNtah {]YamaXyhlXv; km
f bZm arXypaXyapNyX tkm f nc`hXv tkm
f banx ]tcW f arXyp aXn{Imtm Zo]ytX
B {]mW {]Ya bmb {][m\ bmb hmns\s
ISn hnp. B hmv Ftm arXyphns\ AXn{Ian p
apbmtbm Atm AXv Anbmbnocpp. IS p
t]mb Cu An arXyphn\v Apdw Zo]npp{]Imin
pXmWv .
22. D] AY {]mWaXyhlXv k bZm arXypaXy
apNy X, khm bp c ` hXv ; tkm f bw hmbpx
]tcW arXypaXn{Imx ]htX.
]ns {]mWs\{LmWsISnhnp. AXv B
{]mW Ftm arXyphns\ AXn{Ianp ap\mtbm
Atm AXp hmbphmbnop. arXyphns\ AXn{I
an Cu hmbp arXyphn\v Apdw ]h\w sNpp.
23. D]AYNp c XyhlXv; XZyZm arXypa Xyap
NyX, k BZntXym f `hXv; tkm f km hmZn
Xyx ]tcW arXypaXn {ImkvX]Xn
]ns Npns\ ISnhnp. B Npv Ftm
arXyphns\ AXn {Ianv apamtbm Atm AXv BZn
Xy\mbn op. arXyphns\ AXn{Ian As\ bp
B BZnXy arXyphn\v Apdw X]n pp.
24. D] AY t{im{X aXyhlXv; XZyZmarXyp aXyap
NyX, XmZntim f `h; Xm CamZnix ]tcW
arXyp aXn{Immx
]ns t{im{Xs ISnhnp. AXv B t{im{Xw
Ftm arXyphns\ ISp apamtbm, Atm Ah
ZnpIfmbn op. arXyphns\ AXn{Ian As\
bp ZnpI arXyphn \pdw nXn sNpp.
25. D] AY at\m f Xyh lXv ; XZyZm ar Xyp a Zy
apNyX, k N{am A`hXv. tkm f ku N{x
]tcW arXypa Xn {Itm `mXn; Ghw l hm
G\ta jm tZhXmarXypa XnhlXn, b Ghw
thZ.
A\ cw a\ns\ ISnhnp. AXp Ftm arXyp
hns\ ISp ap ambn opthm Atm AXp N{
\mbn op. arXyphns\ AXn{Ian A s\bp B
N{ arXyphn\v Apdw tim`npp. C{]Imcw B
I K
N P
282
Adnbppthm, Chs\ Cu {]WtZhX arXyphns\ IS
nhn Spp.
26. D] AY f f t\ f mZyamKmbXv. bnInw
Nm a ZytX f t\ ss\h X Z Zy tX. Cl
{]XnXnjvTXn.
A\ cw X\n p thn Am Zys BKm\w
sNbv Xp. Fsm GsXmw Aw AZnsSp
pthm AXv {]mWs\smpXs bmWv AZn sSp
Xv. Cu AmZyn {]mW {]Xn jvTnXn sNpp.
27. D] tX tZhm A{_p h: GXm hZzm CZw
khw bZw XZm\ BKmkox; A\pt\m
f kvan B`Pkz CXn. tXssham f `nkw
hni tXXn. XtYXn Xw kaw ]cnWyhni.
XkvamZyZt\ \mantX ss\XmkvXr]yn.
Ghw l hm G\w kzm A`nkwhnin; `m
kzm\mw t{ijv Tx ]pc GXm `hXymtZm f
[n]Xncy Ghw thZ. b D sslhwhnZw tkzjp
{]Xn {]Xnq`qjXn, \ sslhmew `mtcyt`ym
`hXn. AY b GsshXa\p`hXn, tbm sshX
a \p`mcym _p`qjXn, ksslhmew `mtcyt`ym
`hXn.
B hmKm Zn I fmb tZh m ]dp: ""Aw
bmsXmtm AXv Fmw C{Xbpta Dphtm; AXns\
X\npthn \o BKa\w sNbvXp. C\n Cu A n
Rsf B` Pn n p I ] p h cm p I.'' Fv
"AmnIfmsWn \n Fs Nppw A`napJ
ambn nXn sNphn!' Fp {]mW ]dp. ""A
s\ bmIs'' Fp ]dv , B {]mW\v Nppw \nhn cm
bn. AXn\m Cu {]mWs\smv bmsXmcp As
temIw AZnppthm, B Aw sImv Cu hmKmZnI
Xr]vXnsSpp C{]Imcw B Adnbppthm, Chs\
kzw BfpI mXn I C{]Imcw A`n apJoIcnp
Nppw Ccnpp. Ch mXnIv `c WIm
hmbpw t{ijv T \mbpw apn \S p h \m bpw,
As `np h\mbpw AtcmK\mbpw taemhmbn
cpv ]men ph\mbpw `hnpp. kzw BfpIfn
BcmtWm C{]Imcw Adnbp hs\pdnv {]Xn Iqe\m
bn, kv]np h\mbn `hnphm Cn pXv,
Ah `c Wob mv aXnbmbh\mbn `hn bnXs.
]ns BcmtWm Chs\ C {]Imcw Adnbp hs\A\p
KX \mbn `hnpXv, BcmtWm Chs\ A\phnp
sImv `mcymsc `c Wob msc `cnphm CnpXv
Ah am{Xta `c Wobmp aXn bmhpIbpq.
28. D]""tkm f bmky BMvKn ctkm f Mv Km\mw
lnckx'' {]mtWm hm AMvKm\mw ckx, {]mtWm
lnhm AMv Km\mw ckx; Xkv amZw bkv am
IkvammMvKmXv {]mW DXv{ImaXn XtZh Xp
jyXn; Gj lnhm AMvKm\mw ckx.
""tkm f bmky BMvKnctkm f MvKm\mw ln ckx''
Fp Xn \m {]mW AwK fpsS ckamsWp ]d
n ptm. {]mW AwK fpsS ckamsWpXp
{]kn amWv. GXv AwKn\npamtWm {]mW DXv{I
anpXv amdpXv AtmXs AXv B AwKwtimjn
pp. AXn \m Cu {]mW AwKfpsS cksap
{]knam bncn pp.
29. D] f Gj D Gh _rlkv]Xnx; hmssKz _r
lXo: Xkym Gj]Xnx; XkvamZp_rlkv]Xnx.
Cu {]IrX amb BMvKn ckXs _rlkv ]Xnbpw
BIpp. _rlXo Fp ]dbpXv hmmIpphtm.
AXn\v Cu {]mW ]XnbmIpp. AXn\m _rlkv]
Xn bpamIpp.
30. D]Gj D Gh {_ W kv ]Xnx; hmssKz
{_; Xkym Gj ]Xnx; Xkv amZp {_W
kv ]Xnx.
Cu {]mWXs {_kv]Xnbpw BIpp, {_w
hmmIpp. AXn\vB hmn\vCu {]mW ]XnbmIp
p. AXn\m {_ Wkv ]Xn BWv.
31. D]Gj D Gh kma; hmssKzkm f ssaj,
km NmatXn XXv kmav\x kmaXzw; btZzh
kax pjnWm, ktam aitI\, ktam \mtK\,
ka G`n kv {Xn ZntmssIx, kax ktW;
Xmkv am tZz h kma; Aiv \p tX kmav \x
kmbqPyw ktem IXmw, b Gh taXXv
kmathZ.
Cu {]mW Xs kmahpamIpp. "km' FXv
hmmIpp. "Aa' F i_vZw Cu {]mW\mIpp. "k'
FXpw "Aa' FXpw AXmWv kma n \p kmaXzw
Fp ImcWmemtWm. pjntbmSv]pnImicoc tm
Spka\mbpw sImXpInt\mSp ka\mbpw, \mKtmSp ka
\mbpw Cu aqp temI tfmSpw ka \mbpw k
tmSpw ka\mbpw Ccnp Xv, AXpsImpw {]mWs\
kmasap ]dbmw. BcmtWm, C{]Imcw kmas Adn
bp Xv, Ah kmans {]mWs kmbqPystbm
ktemIX tbtbm {]m]npp.
32. D] G j Dhm DZv KoYx; { ]mtWm hm DXv ;
{]mtW\ loZw kh ap _v [wx hm tKh
KoYm; DKoYm tNXn k DZKoYmx.
Cu {]mW DZv KoY hpamIpp. DXv FXv {]mW\m
Ipp. Fsm Cu PKsmw {]mW\m BWv
D_v[ambncnp Xv Xmn \ndp sncnpXv. KoY
Fp ]dbpXv hmpXs BIpp. DwKoYbpw
I K
N P
283
FpXp tNp]dbp XmWv DZvKoYw.
33. D] X m]n {_Zt InXmt\m cmPm\w
`bphmN: Abw Xyky cmPm aqm\w
hn]mXbXmZv, bZntXm f bmky BMvKnctkm
f t\yt\m Z Km b Zn Xn . hmNm N tlyh k
{]mtW\ tNmZKmbZnXn.
B hnjb nepw Hcp BJymbnI tIn pv. ssNIn
Xm\s bphm]Xyamb {_ Z cmPmhns\tkmas
`npsImv ]dp: ""Abmky\mb BMvKnck Cu
hmIvkwbp \mb {]mW\n\nv asmcp tZhXsb sm
mWv DZvKm\w sNbvXsX n, Cu Fm `n s
Sp tkmaw AhsA\rX hmZnbmb Fsaqmhn
s\incns\ hn]Xnns'' Fv. Ah Abmky\mb
BMvKnck hmpsImpw {]mWs\smpw Xs
bmWv DXvKm\w sNbvXXv Fv CXpsImp XobmWv .
34. D] Xky sslXky kmtav\m bx kzw thZ,
`hXn lmky ssh kzc Gh kzw Xkv am
ZmXznPyw Icnjy hmNn kzcan tX. Xbm
hmNm kzk bm f f XznPyw Ipcym Xv .
XkvamZyt kzc hw ZnZr Gh; AtYm
bkykzw `h Xn. `hXn lmkykzw b Gh
tatXXv kmav\x kzw thZ.
As\ bp Cu kmans [\s B Adn bp
pthm Ahv [\w DmIpw. B kman\v [\w kzcw
XsbmWv. AXn\m BXznPyw sNbvhm t]mIp
h hmn kzcs Cn Ww. kzckbmb B
hmpsImv BXznPys sNWw. BmtWm [\w
D Xv, Aht\ ImWphm B{KlnpXp F{]Imctam
AXpt]mse, bn kzc ap hs\ ImWphm P\
B{KlnpIXs sNpp. BcmtWm C{]Imcw
Cu kmans kzns\ Adn bpXv Ahv [\w Dm
IpXmWv.
35. D] Xky sslXky kmav t\mbx kphw
thZ, `hXn lmky kphw; Xky ssh kzc
Gh kphw; `hXn lmky kphw b
Ghw taXXv kmav\x kphw thZ.
As\bp Cu kmans kphs B
Adnbppthm Ahv kphw DmIpw. B kman\v
kphw kzcwXsbmIpp. C{]Imcw Cu kma
ns kphs B Adn bp pthm Ahv
kphw DmIpXmWv .
36. D] Xky sslXky kmavt\m bx {]XnjvTmw
thZ, {]Xn lXn jv TXn; Xky ssh hm tKh
{]XnjvTm; hm Nn ln Jtezj GXXv {]mWx
{]XnjvTntXm KobtX; A CXypsslI B
lpx.
A s\ bp Cu kmans {]XnjvTsb B Adn
bppthm, Ah {]XnjvTnXn sNpp. B kma n\v
{]Xnjv T hmpXs bmIpp. Fsm Cu {]mW
hmn {]Xnjv Tn X \mbnmWtm Cu KoXnbmbnocp
Xv. An {]XnjvTnX\mbn mWp KoXn `mhs
{]m]np sXv ap Nne ]dbpp.
37. D] AYmXx ]ham\m\mta hm `ymtcmlx; k
ssh Jep {]kv tXmXm kma {]kv XuXn; k
b{X {]kvXpbmXv XtZXm\nPt]Xv; AktXm
am kZv K babm; Xa tkm am tPmXnK ab;
artXymm f arXw K a b. CXn. k bZm lm
ktXm am\zZvKatbXn, arXyphm AkXv, kZ
arXw; artXymm f arXw Ka bm arXw
amIphntXy sshXZml; Xatkm am tPymXn
Ka tbXn: arXypsshXtam, tPymXn c arXw
artXymm f arXw Ka bm arXw amIphn
tXyssh XZml; artXymm f arXw KatbXn
\m{X XntcmlnXanhmkvXn. AYbm \oXcmWn
kvtXm{XmWn tXjzmt\ f m`yamKmtb Xv.
Xkv amZp tXjp hcw hrWo Xbw Imaw Ima
tbX Xw; k Ghw hnZp Zv KmXm f f t\
hmbPam\mb h bw Imaw ImabtX XamKm
bXnsXs X tm I PntZh: \ sslhm temIy
Xmbm Bim f kvXn, b GhtaXXv kma thZ.
A\cw CXn\m GXp hnm\ap h\mtWm P]
In A[nImcw, B hnm\w ]dpIgnXn
\m ]ham\ p am{Xap A`ymtcmlw Fp ]d
bp P]Iw hn[n sSpp: B {]kvtXmXmhv
kmas {]kv Xhnpatm. B {]kv tXmXmhv GXp Ime
n {]kv Xhnptam {]mcw`n ptam Atm Chsb
Xmsg ]dbp a{sf P]nWw. ""AktXm am kZv K
abm'' ""Xatkm am tPymXnKab.'' ""artXymm f arXw
Kab,'' Fv. B a{w ""AktXm am kZvKabm'' Fv
GXns\ ]dbppthm, AXn Akv Fp ]dbpXv
arXyp BIpp. kv FXv AarXamIpp. Fs
arXyphn\nv AarXs {]m]nnpI. AXmbXv;
Fs Aar X\mpI FpXsbmWv Cu ]dbpXv.
Xav FXv arXyp BIpp. arXyphn\nv Fs Aar
Xs {]m]nnpI. AXmbXv Fs AarX\mpI
FpXs bmWv CdbpXv. artXymm f arXw Kab
Fp Xn XntcmlnXsat]mse D Akzcq]w
C. A\ cw ap kv tXm{X Ghtbm Ahbn X\n
mbn AmZys BKm\w sNWw. GXp Imc Wm
emtWm C{]Imcw Adnbp{]mWhnmb Cu DZv KmXmhv
X\nmtbm bPam\ mtbm GXp Imas Imanp
pthm AXns\ BKm\w sNpXv, AXn\m B
kvtXm{X {]tbmKnsSptm GXp Imas
bmtWm ImanpXv, B Imas hcambn hcn Ww.
I K
N P
284
A s\ bp Cu {]mhn m\w temIsf Pbnp
XpXs. BcmtWm Cu \mas AdnbpXv Ahv
temIml Xz`mhs n Awiwk\w DmIpX .
\memw {_mWw
38. D] Bss th Za{K BkoXv; ]pcpjhn[x tkm
f \p hoy\m\yZmt\m f ]iyXv ; tkm f
l akvao Xyt{K hymlcXv. XtXm f lw \mam
`hXv : Xkv amZt]yXlyma{ntXm f la b an
tXyhm{K Dzm f Ym\yma {]{_qtX, bZ
ky ` h Xn. k bXv ]qtm f kv amXv k
kv amXv km ]m]v a\ Huj Xv , Xkv amXv
]pcpjx HmjXn l ssh k Xw tbm f kv amXv
]qtm _p`qjXn b Ghw thZ.
ap icocw DmIpXn\p apv CXv ]e amXncnbnep
icoc samwBmhpXs Bbncpp. ]pcpjs\ tmse
incv ]mWnI apXemb htbmSpIqSnb B hncmv A\p
hoWw sNbvXnvA\zmtemN\w sNbv XnvXn\np
thtd bmb Hnt\bpw In. Ah apt "Rm\mIpp'
F An "Alw Akvan' Fv hymlcn p ]d
p. AXn\m "Alw' Fp t]cp h\mbnXop.
AXn\m Ctmgpw B a{Ww sNs h "\o Bcv?'
Fp tNmZnm HcphBZyw"Rm BWv' FpXs
]dnv, B thtdbp \mas ]dbpp. B {]Pm]Xn
Cu {]Pm]XnXzs {]m]nphm\nnphcpsS kap
Zmb s msfmw ]q\mbnvap\mbnv Fm ]m]vam
tfbpw Zlnnp FpXv GtXm, AXn\m ]pcpj
\mIpp. C{]Imcw B Adnbppthm Ah, BcmtWm
Chs\ m ap\mbn `hnphm CnpXv Ahs\
ZlnnpXmWv .
39. D]tkm f _nt`Xv; Xkv amtZImIo _nt`Xn;
k lmb ao mw N t{ I, b Z \y m kv Xn ,
Ikv amp _n t` aoXn ; XX Ghmky `bw
hobmb; Ikvamyt`yXv? ZznXobm ssZz `bw
`hXn.
AhB {]Pm]Xn `bs p, AXn\m H bmbp
h `bsSpp. As\ `bs Cu {]Pm]Xn Cu
Ws sNbvXphnNmcndnp. ""bmsXmcp ImcW
m Fn\nv A\yambnp hkvXp Ctm, AXn
\m GXn\nmWv Rm `bsSpXv?'' Fv. AXn
\mXs Chs Cu {]Pm]XnbpsS `bw Xosc \on.
GXn \nmWv `bs Xv? cmasXmn \nmWtm
`bap mIp Xv.
40. D] k ssh ss\h tcta; XkvamtZImIo\
catX. k ZznXobssaXv; k sslXmhm\mk,
bYm kv{Xo]pamw ku kw]cnju; k Ca
tahm ff m\wtZz[m f ]mX bXv; XXx ]Xn
]Xv\o Nm`hXmw. XkvamZnZa _rKfanh kz
CXnl kvam ff lbm hev Iyx; Xkv amZb
amImix kv{Xnbm ]qcyX Gh. \mw ka`hXv;
XtXm a\pjym APmb.
Ah B {]Pm]Xn cann cXnsb {]m]nn. AXn
\m GImInbmbn ph canpn . Ah, cma
sXmcp hkv Xphns\ kv {Xn hkvXphns\ Cnp. Ah ]c
kv]cw BenwK\w sNbvXncnp kv{Xo ]pcpjm F
s\ tbmGXp ]cnamWtmSp IqSnbncnptam A{Xbpw
]cnamWap h Bbnop. Ah Cu Bmhns\
s cp {]Imc n ]Xnnp. AXn\m ]Xnbpw
]Xv\nbpw Dmbn. AXn\m Cu icocw Xnep Xs
A `mKw t]mtebncnpp Fv bmhevIy ]d
n pv. AXn\m BImiambkv {XobmIp ]IpXn
bn m Cu ]pcpjmw kv{Xobm ]qcnns SpI
Xs sNpp. Ahsf]Xv\nbmbn Iev]ns p. iX
cq] F B ]p{Xnsb {]Pm]Xn D]Kanp. AXn\nv
a\pjy Dmbn.
41. D] tkmtlbaomwNt{IIYw \pam ff \
Gh P\bnXzm kw`hXn? l! Xntcm f km
\oXn; km Kuc`hXv; Ej`C Xcx; Xmw ktahm
`hXv; XtXm Kmthm f Pmb; _Uth Xcm
f `hXv; Aiz hrj CXcx; K`oXcm, K`
CXcx; Xmw ktahm`hXv; X X GIi ^aPm
bX; AtPXcm f `hXv; hkvXC Xcx; AhncnX
cm, taj C Xcx; Xmw kta hm ` hXv ; XtXm f
Pmhtbm f Pmb; Ghtah bZnZw InwN anYp
\am]n ]oenXm`ykvXXv; kh akrPX.
B Ch B iXcq] Cunp. BtemNnp.
""Fs Xn\np Xs P\nnnv, F s\bmWv kw`
hnpXv? D]KanpXv? Ctm Rm ad pIfbmw''
Fv, Ah B iXcq] tKmhmbnop. at B
a\p Ej`w Bbn. Ahsf D]Kan Xs sNbvXp.
AXn\nv tKm P\np. at h iXcq]s]c Ip
Xn cbmbnop. ath a\pBIpXncbmbn. iX
cq] s]IgpXbmbn. at B BIgpXbmbn. Ahsf
D]Kan Xs sNbvXp. AXn\nv H pfp C\w
Dmbn. iX cq] s]tImemSmbn. at B a\p tIm
emSmbn. AXpt]mse iX cq] s]Ipdn bmSpw a\p
BIpdnbmSpambn Ahsf D]KanXs sNbvXp.
AXn\nv tImemSpIfpw Ipdn bmSpIfpw Dmbn. C{]
Imcw Xs ]n]oenIIhsc GsXmw anYp\amtWm
temIn DXv AXns\ Fmw krn p.
42. D] tkm f thZlw hmh krn c kv aylw
loZw kha kro Xn, XXx krn c ` hXv
krymw lmsskyXkymw `hXn, b Ghw thZ.
Ah B {]Pm]Xn hnNmcnp: ""krnkrn s
PKvRm Xs bmIpp. Fsm CXns\ Fmw
I K
N P
285
Rm\mWp'' krnXv Fv. AXn\m krn Fp t]cp
h\mbnop. C{]Imcw B Adnbppthm, Ah
Chs Cu {]Pm]Xn bpsSCu krnbnkrnbmb
Cu PKn {kmhmbnocpp.
43. D] A tY Xy ` a Xv ; kap Jm tbm t\l
kvXm`ymw Nmnakr PX; XkvatZXZp`batem
aIacX;x AtemaIml tbm\nccXx XZy
`nZam lpcapw bPmapw b tPtXyssIIw tZh,
taX sskyh km hn krn x; Gj Dtlya
kthtZhmx AY bXv Int Z am{Zw Xt{Z
Xtkm f krPX; XZptkmax; GXmhZzm CZw
khaw NmmZ; tkma Ghmw; An
c mZx; sskjm { _tWm f Xn krn x;
bv tdbtkm tZhm \ kr P X, AY b yx
k arXm \ krP X, Xkv amZ Xn krnx AXn
krymw lmsskyXkymw `hXn b Ghw thZ.
A\cw C{]Imcw A`naptJy\ aY\w sNbvXp. B
{]Pm]Xn apJ amIp tbm\nbn\npw lkvX fmIp
tbm\nIfn\npw Ansb krnp. AXn\m CXp
cpw AIv tcma anmXmbncnpp. tbm\n AI
phiv tcmaanm XmWtm. AXnI{]Ic W
n, Hmtcm tZhs\bpw C tZhs\ bPnpI, C tZ
hs\ bPnpI Fv CdbmdpXv GtXm B hnhn[
amb krn Cu {]Pm]XnbpsS Xs bmIpp. Fm tZh
mcpw Cu {]Pm]Xn Xs BIpp. A\cw temI
n GsXmamtWm B{ZambnpXv Ahsb tcX
n\nv krnp. AXv tkmaw Xs bmIpp. Cu PK
smw C{Xtmfw am{XamIpp. Ahpw AmZ\pw
am{X amIpp. Aw X sbmWv tkmaw AmZ Xs
An. Xsm t{ijvTcmb tZhmsc krnp FXv
GtXm, CXv {_mhns{]Pm]XnbpsSXs m IqSn
bXc nep krnbmIpp. ay\mbncppsImv
acWanm hsc krnp FXv GtXm AXn\m AXn
krnbmIpp. C{]Imcw B Adnbppthm Ah Ch
s Cu {]Pm]XnbpsSCu AXnkrnbn {]Pm]Xnsb
tmse Xs krmhmbnocpXmWv .
44. D] X tZw Xly hym Ir X am koXv ; Xma
cq]m `ym tah hym{In b Xm ku \mam f banZw
cq] CXn; XZn Za t]yXln \ma cq ]m `ym tah
hym{In btX f ku \mambZnZwcq] CXn. k
Gj Cl {]hn B f \Jmt{Kt`ym, bYm
pcx pc[mt\ f hlnXx kymXv hnizw`tcm
hm hnizw`cIpemtb; Xw \ ]iyn. AIrt
\mln kx; {]mW th {]mtWm \ma `hXn;
hZ hmIv; ]iywpx irWzRv t{im{Xw,
a\zmt\ma\ kvXm\ysskyXm\nI \mamt\y
h. k tbm f X GssI Iap]mkvtXm \ k
thZ; AIrtv\mtly jx; AX GssItI \
`hXn; BttXythm ]mkoX; A{X tlytX
k GIw `h n, XtZ XXv ]Z\o baky
kky, bZbamm; At\\ tlyXXv kw
thZ. bYm l ssh] tZ \m \p hn t, tZhw
Ionw, tmIw hntX, bGhw thZ.
_oPmh bn em bn cp PKv , Atm D]
np apvAhymIrX ambncpp. AXvAhymIrXambn
cp PKv ""Ch C t]cph\mIpp. C cq]
tmSpIqSn bh\mIpp,'' Fv \mawsImpw cq]w
sImpw Xs hymIcnp. As\bp BhymIrX
amb hkvXp Cmepw, ""Ch C t]cp h\mIpp;
C cq]aph\mIpp.'' Fv \mawsImpw cq]w
sImpw Xs hymIcnpp. Ah B ]c\mb Bm
hv , pcwIn Inqn Ahln Xambn cnpXpw
{]thinn sn cnp Xpw, hnizw `c An hnizw`
cs Ipemb nAhlnX\mbncnpXpw GXp {]Im
ctam, A{]Imcw Cu tZl fn \Jm{Khsc {]hn
\mbn Ahs\ ImWpn. Fsm, Ah {]mW
\mZn{Inb tbmSpIqSnb Bmhv AIrv\\mIpp. Ak
akvX\mIpp. {]mW\{Inbsb sNbv XpsImn cnp
tm am{Xsa {]mW Fp t]cp h\mbncnppq.
hZn ptm am{Xta hmv Fp t]cph\mbncnp
pq. Zinptm am{Xta Npv Fp t]cp h
\mbn cnppq. {ihn ptm am{Xta t{im{X sap
t]cph\mbncn ppq. a\\w sNptm am{Xta
a\ sp t]cp h\mbncnppq. Cu Bmhns
As\ bp Cu {]mWmZn\ma IwsImpmb
\ma am{XamWv . BcmtWm CXn\nv {]mW\mZn{In
bmkapZmbn\np Hmtcmns\ D]mknpv , Ah
{_s Adnbpn. Fsm, Cu Bmhv, Cu
{]mW\mZn kapZmbn Hmtcmmbn \nevptm
AIrv\ \mIppAkakvX\mIpp. Bmshphp
Xs D]mknWw Fsm Cu Bmhv FXv
GtXm, {]IrXamb Cu XzamWv , CXn Fmnepwhp
{]m]n s tSXv. Fsm CXpsImvCu B X
zs Adnbp XpsImp, CXns\ FmwBmhm
Xns\ Fmw Adnbpp. BcmtWm C{]Imcw Adnbp
Xp, Ah, GXp {]ImcamtWm ]ZwsImvNphS
bmfw sImv e`nphm\ptinp ]iphns\ e`n p
Xv A{]Imcw Ion sbbpw tmIsbpw Inpp.
45. D] XtZXXv t{]bx ]p{XmXv, t{]tbmhnmXv,
t{]tbm f \y kvamXv khkvam, ZcXcw b
Zbammx ktbm\yam\x {]nbw {_phmWw
{_qbmXv , {]nbw tcmy XoXn. Cuiztcml;
XssYh kymXv; Bm\tah {]nbap]mknX;
k b BXvam\tah {]nbap]mkvtX, \ lmky
{]nbw {]ambpIw `hXn.
Cu BmshXv GtXm, CXv ]p{Xs\m t{]b
I K
N P
286
mIpp{]nbX camIpp. hntmkzw,
cXv\w apXembXns\m {]nb Xc amIpp. as mns\
mfpw {]nbXc amIpp. Ghpw Dn epXmIpp.
BtcmtWm,GXp {]mW{]nb hmZn BtWm, Bmhm
asmns\ Bmhns\ m {]nbsap ]dbp ht\m
Sv, ""\n\v A`naXamb ]p{XmZncq]amb hkvXp tcm[npw
{]mW kwtcm[ \s {]m]npw\ inpw.'' Fv ]dbp
Xv, Ah Cuiz cX sAs\ ]dbpXn\p aXn
bmbhXs. Ah ]dXpt]mseXs kw`hn
pw. Bm hn s\ s {]nbsav D]m kn Ww.
As\ BcmtWm Bmhns\s {]nb sav D]m
kn pXv, Chs {]nbw {]acWioeambn\in p
kz`mhapXmbn `hnpX .
46. D] X ZmlpxbZv {_hnZybm kw `hnjy
tm a\pjyma\yt; Inap XZv {_mthXv
bkv amXv XXv ka`hXv? CXn.
AXns\ ASp hmIymtZymXnnp Xns\ ]
d bpp: \ncXnibamb t{ibns\ {]m]nphm\nn
p {_mW ]dbpp ""a\pjy {_hnZysImv
Xp Fmambnocmsav hnNmcnpp FpXv
GtXm, AXns\ kw_np \mw tNmZnpp GXns
m\ m AXvB {_w Fmambnopthm,
As\bp Fns\bmWv, B {_w AdnXv?'' Fv.
47. D] {_ hm CZa{K BkoXv; XZmm\ta
hm thZlw {_mkvaoXn; XkvamXv XXv k
a`hXv; XtZym tbm tZhm\mw {]Xy_p[yX, k
GhXZ`hXv; XYjoWmw; XYm a\pjymWmw
XssXXv ]iyrjnhmatZhx {]Xnt]tZ f
lwa\pc`hw kqcytXn; XZnZa t]yXln, b
Ghw thZmlw {_mkvaoXn, k CZw khw
`hXn. Xky l \ tZhm \m`qXym CuitX;
Bmtlyjmw k `hXn. AY tbm f \ymw
tZh Xm ap ]mkv tX f t\ymkm ht\ym f
lakvXo Xn, \ kthZ; bYm ]iptchw ktZ
hm\mw, bYm l ssh _lhx]ithm a\pjyw
`qRv Pyp, tc hta ssII ]pcptjm tZhm
`q\n GI kv anth ]im hm Zo b amt\ f
{]nbw `hXn. Inap_ lpjp? Xkv am tZjmw
X {]nbw btZX\pjym hnZypx
CXv Cu icoc n nXn sNpXmbn {Kln
sSpXv appw {]Xn t_m[n\p appw{_wXs
Bbncpp. AXvB {_w Xsmt, ""Rm {_
amIpp'' Fv Adnp. AXn\m AXv khpambn
op. B hnj b n tZh m cpsS Iq n
BcmtWm {]Xn t_m[n Xv ,Bmhns\ ta]d{]
Imcw AdnXv, AhXs B {]Xn_p \mb Bm
hv am{Xw AXmbn op. AXpt]mse EjnIfpsS Iq
nepw; AXpt]mse a\pjycpsS Iq nepw. As\
bp Cu {_s "Rm\mIpp' Fp Iv , hmatZ
h F Ejn "Rm a\phmbn; kqcy\pw Bbn' Fp
{]Xn]Znp km`mhs {]m]npht{X. As\
bp Cu {_s, "Cmepw Rm {_amIpp.'
Fn s\ B Adnbppthm, Ah CXp Fmambn
ocpw. Ahs {_ `mh {]m]vXntbbpw k `mh{]m
]v Xntbbpw CmXmp Xn\v tZhmt]mepw, C, Cui
cmIbn . Fsm, Ah{_hnvCu tZhm
cpsS Bmhmbnocpp. ]ns BcmtWm "Ah
thtdbmIpp; Rm thtdbmIpp' Fp hnNmcnv,
Xn\np thtdbmb Hcp tZhXsb D]mknpXv,
Ah Xzs Adnbpn . Ah tZhmv ]kp
F s\tbm A s\bmIpp. GXp {]Imc nemtWm
hfsc ]iq a\pjys\ ]menp Xv, C{]Imcw Ahn
Zzm\mb Hmtcm ]pcpj\pw tZhmsc ]menpp. Hcp ]ip
Xs FSp sSptm A{]nbw DmIpp. hfsc ]ip
FSp sSptm, D A{]nbw ]dtb Wtam? AXn
\m a\pjy CXns\Cu {_mXXzs Adn bp
Xv, Cu tZhmv {]nb Ica.
48. D] {_hm CZa{K BkotZItah, X hy`
hX Xvtdtbmcq]aXykrPX vdw, bmt\y
Xm\n tZh { Xm v dm Wot{ m hcpWx ,
tkmtamcp{Zx ]P t\ymbtam arXypcoim\ CXn.
Xkv am Xv v dm Xv ]cw \mkv Xn , Xkv amZv
{_mWx {Xnb a[ kv Xm Zp ]mkv tX cmP
kqtb; v d GhXZy timZ[mXn sskjm
v d kytbm\ncyZv {_. XkvamZv bZy]n
cm Pm ]caXmw KXn, {_ss hmX D]\n
{ibXn kzmw tbm\nw. b D G\w ln\kvXn,
kzmw k tbm\nar Xn; k ]m]obm `hXn,
bYmt{ibmw kwlnw knXzm.
BZyw CXv Cu vdmZnPmXnsbmw HpXsbmb
{_wXs Bbn cpp. AXv B {_w Hbv mbncp
XpsImv hnZhn n iambn. AXv B {_w
{]ikv X cq]amb vds vdnb PmXnsb AXn
krn p AXni tb\ krnp. tZhmcn vd
sfp {]kn fmb C{; hcpW, tkma, cp{Z,
]P\y, ba, arXyp, Cuim\ Fnh Fhtbm Ah
bmWv B vdw. AXn\m {_m AXni tb\
krnsXn\m, vdsm IqSnbXv C.
AXn\m cmPkqb n {_m W Xmsg Ccpp
sImv vdnbs\ D]mknpp. vdnXs
B bins\ {_msap JymXnsb m]npp.
{_sap ]dbpXv GtXm, AXv Cu {]{IXbmb
vdns tbm\n X sbmIpp. AXn\m cmPmhv
]caXsb {_m Ws\ At]nv DIjs Kan
pp Fnepw HSphn Iw Ahkm\nptm
Xs tbm\nbmb {_s Xs {_mWPmXn sb
B{ibnpp. BcmtWm Chs\ {_mWs\ lnwknp
I K
N P
287
XvXmgvn hnNmcnp Xphgn Ah Xs tbm\nsb
Xs {]khs hntZnnpp\ innpp. Ah
Iptd qSn ]m]nbmbn ocpp. {]ikvX Xc \mbnp
hs\ lnwknnv GXp{]ImcamtWm ]m]nbmbnocpXv
AXpt]mse Ah ]m]nbmbnocpp.
49. D] k ss\h hy` hXv ; khn ia krPX;
bmt\yXm \ntZh PmXmXnKWiBJymbt,
hkthm cp{Zm BZnXym hntiztZhm acpX CXn.
Ah, {_m Wm`nam\n bmb ]pcpj Fnpw
Iw sNp Xn\p Ign hph\mbn. Ah hnns\
(sshiysc) krnp. GXp tZhPmXnIfmtWm hkp
cp{Zm BZnXym hntiztZhm acppI Fn
s\ IqwIqambn ]dbsSpXv AhbmWv B hnp
I.
50. D] k ss\h hy`hXv; k iu{Zw hakr
PX ]qjWw. Cbw ssh ]qjm. Cbw loZw
khw ]pjyXn bZnZw Inw N.
Ah Fnpw Iw sNpXn\p i\mbn.
Ah ]qjmhmIp ip{`hs krjvSnp. ]qjm
shp ]dbpXv Cu ]rYnhn BIpp. Cu ]rYn hn bm
Wtm Cu PKns\ Fmw t]mjnn p Xv.
51. D] k ss\h hy`hXv; Xvt{itbm cq] aXy
kr P X [w; XtZ XXv { ky{ w
bx Xkvammev]cw \mkvXn; AtYm
A_eobm _enbmw kamiw ktX [tW
bYmcmsshw tbm ssh k [x kXyw
ssh XXv; XkvamXv kXyw hZam lqw
hZXoXn; [w hm hZw kXyw hZXoXn.
GXtysshXZp`bw `hXn.
Ah Fnpw Iw sNpXn\p i\mbn.
AXp{_w {]ikvXcq]amb [s AXnitb\
krnp. [sap ]dbpXp GtXm CXp {X n
sbpw {XamIpp. AXn\m [tm IqSnb
Xmbn bmsXmpan. Zp_eXc t]mepw, cmPmhns\
smp F{]Imctam C{]Imcw [wsImp _eh
cs\ Pbnphm\m{Klnpp. B [w GtXm AXv
kXyamIpp. AXn\m kXys dbp hs\n
[sXXv ]d bp p. [s ]dp bp h s\ n
kXys ]dbpp Fpw ]dbpp. Fsm
[hpw kXyhpw HpXs BIpp.
52. D] XtZXXv {_, {Xw, hnSv, iq{Zx XZn
ss\h tZthjp {_m`hXv; {_mtWm a\p
tjyjp; {XntbW f {Xntbm, sshtiy\
sshiyx iqt{ZW iq{Zx Xkv am Zm thh
tZthjp temIant; {_mtW a\ptjyjp;
GXm`ymw ln cq]m`ymw {_m f `hXv. AY
tbm l hm Akvamtm ImXv kzwtemIaZrzm
ss{]Xn k G\ahnZntXm \ `q\ n, bYm
thZm hm ff \\p tm f \yZzm Im f
IrXw. bZnl hm A]yt\ hwhnlXv]pWyw
I I tcm Xn, XmkymXx obX Gh.
Bm\ tah temI ap]mkoX kb Bm\
tah temIap]mkvtX, \ lmky I ob
tX. Akvamtyhm ff t\mbZypXv ImabtX
XXv krPtX.
B krn s NmXphyw {_w, {Xw, hnSv,
ip{Z CXmIpp. AXv B {kmhmb {_w Anbm
bnpX s Ancq]ns tZhmcpsS Iqn
{_ ambn{_mWPmXn bmbn op. a\pjy cn
{_mW\mbnop. C{mZy[njv Tn Xambn {Xn b Pm
Xnbmbnop. ]qjm[njvTnX ambn iq{ZPmXn bmbn
op. AXn\m tZhmcpsS Iqn Anbn
s, AntbmSp kw_n Iw sNbvXnv temIs,
I^es, Cnpp. a\pjycpsS Iqn {_m
W\n I^es Cnpp. Fsm kmm
Xv {_w Cu {_m Wmn cq]fn emWtm Bbn
oXv. ]ns BcmtWm Bmshp ]dbp kz
amb temIs ZinmsX Cu kmwkmcnIamb temI
n \nv {]Kanpthm, acnppthm Ahs\, Adn
bsSm AXv B kztemIw, A[yb\w sNs Sm
thZtam, sNsSmsXbp thsd Itam F{]Imctam
A{]Imcw, `pPnpIbn. Cu kwkmcn C{]Imcw
kztemIs Adn bmh hfsc hen bXmbn p
]pWyIs sNpXmbn cpmepw Ahs B
Iw HSphn bnpIXs sNpp. kztemI
s s D]mkn Ww. As\ BcmtWm kztem
Is D]mknpXv, Ahs Iw bnbn.
GtXXns\ Imanppthm AXmXns\ Cu Bmhn\n
pXs krnpXmWv .
53. D] AtYm Abw hm Bm kthjm
`qXm\mw temIx, k bptlmXn, bZyP tX
tX\ tZhm\mw temIx AY bZ\p{_qtX tX\
EjoWmw; AY bXv ]nXrt`ym \n]rWmXn, bXv
{ ]Pm an tX, tX\ ]n XrWmw; AY b
\pjym hmkbtX, btZt`ym f i\w ZZmXn,
tX\ a\p jymWmw; AY bXv ]ip `ykv Xr
tWmZIw hnXn, tX\ ]iq\mw; bZkyKrtl
jp izm]Zm, hbmwkymIoS ]n]oenIm`y D]
Pohn, tX\ tXjmw temIx: bYm l ssh
kzmb temImbmcnnant, tZhw sslhw hntZ
khmWn `qXm\ycn an n; XZzm GX ZznXnXw
aoamw knXw.
Cu Bmhv , {]Ir X \mb AhnZzm Fm `qX
pw, tZhm apX ]n]oenII hscbp `qX
I K
N P
288
smw, temIamIpp. t`mKyamIpp. Ah tlman
p tXtXm, bPnp tXtXm, AXpsImv tZhmp
temIamIpp. ]ns, kzm[ymbs Ayb \wsNp
tXtXm AXpsImp EjnIp temIamIpp. ]ns,
]nXr mbn ]nw DZIw apXbXp sImSpptX
tXm, {]Psb Cnp tXtXm AXpsImv ]nXrp
temIamIpp. ]ns, a\pjysc hknnptX tXm,
Ahv Ai\s Zm\w sNptXtXm AXpsImv
a\pjyv temIamIpp, ]ns, ]ipv ]ppw
shhpw e`nnpXp GtXm, AXpsImv ]ipp
temIamIpp. Chs Krlfn izm]Zfpw ]n
Ifpw IoSfpw ]n]oenIIfpw hscbp Ppfpw D]
Pohnpp Fp tXtXm AXpsImv Ahp temI
amIpp. F{]Imc amtWm Xs temIn\v hn\mianm
bvasb CnpXv, A{]Imcw, Fm `qXfpw Xm
k`qXpw t`mKy\msWv hnNmcnp h\v Acn
nsb hn\mianmbv a sb C npp. CXv, ta]d
I Bhiyw sNt hbmsWp Xv, hnZnXhpw,
]almb{]Ic Wn Adnbs npXpw, Ah
Zm\{]Ic Wn hnNmcW sNs n p XpamWv .
54. D]Bss th Za{K AkotZI Gh; tkm f
ImabX, Pmbmta kymXv; AY {]Pmtbb; AY
hnwta kymXv ; AY I Iphob CXn
GXmhm sshImax; t\w \mtXm`qtbm
hntXv. XkvamZt]yXtly ImIo ImabtX,
Pmbm ta kym ZY{]Pmtbb, hnw ta kym,
ZYIIpho.tbXn. k bmhZt]ytXjm ta
ssIIw \ {]m]vt\m\yIrv \ Gh Xmh
\ytX Xtkym Irv\Xm; a\ Ghmkym f f
m; hmKvPmbm; {]mWx {]Pm; Npm\pjw
hnw; Np jm ln X ZzntX; t{im{Xw
ssZhw; t{imt{XW ln XrtWmXn; Bss
hmkyI; B\mlnIItcmXn; k Gj
]mvtXmbx ]mvXx ]ipx ]mvXx ]pcpjx
]mvXanZw khw bZnZw InwNx XZnZw kh
am]vt\mXn, b Ghw thZ.
BZyw, Zmc kw_n\p apv CXv Bmhp am{Xw
Bbn cpp, Ah GI am{Xambncpp. B Bmhv
Imanp: ""F\nv PmbbpmIWw, ]ns F\np {]P
\n Ww; ]ns F\np hn apmI Ww, ]ns
F\np Iw sNWw'' Fv Imaw C{Xbpta Dq.
C, Cnmepw, CXnt\ m IqSpX embn e`n pIbn.
AXpsImv B hnZzm\pw Imanbpamb Bmhp app
ImanXpsImv Cmepw GImInbmbnp h
"F\np PmbbpmIWw; ]ns F\np {]P\nWw;
]ns F\np hn apmIWw; ]ns F\np Iw
sNWw.' Fv Iman pp. Ah FXphsc Chbn,
ta]d PmbmZnIfn, Hmtcmns\ tmepw {]m]nm
Xncnppthm AXphsc Xm AIrv \ \msWv hnNm
cnpp. Ah\v, As\ hnNmcnph\v Irv\X
Xmsg dbp hn[ n DmIpp. Chv Bmhv a\
pXs. Pmb hmmIpp. {]P {]mW\mIpp. am\pj
amb hnw NpmIpp. Fsm, NppsXm
mWtm AXns\, am\pjhnamb tKmhp apXemb
Xns\ AdnbpXv ssZhamb hnw t{im{XamIpp.
Fsm, t{im{Xw sImmWtm AXns\ ssZham
b hn amb hnm\s {ihnp Xv. Chv Iw
BmhpXs, icocw Xs. Fsm icocwsImm
Wtm Is sNpXv. CXv ]mvXamb Ap
sImp \Sp bamIpp. tKmhp apXembXv
]mvX amIpp. ]pcpj ]mv X \mIpp. CXv, Ikm
[ \hpw ^ehpw GsXmtam CsXmw ]mvX amIpp. C{]
Imcw B Adnbppthm, Ah\hs\ ]mvXamIp
b ambnmWp Xmtcm, Ah Cu PKns\ Fmw
Bmsh \nebn {]m]npXmWv .
Amw {_mWw
55. D] a{ bXv k]vXmm\n ta[bm X]
km f P\ bXv ]nXm; GI aky km[m cWw;
tZz tZhm \ `mP bXv ; {XoWym t\ f IpcpX;
]ip`y GIw {]mbXv; Xkvan kw {]Xn
jvTnXw, b {]mWnXn b \. IkvamZv Xm\n\n
obt f Zyam\m\n kZm? tbm ssh\m
a nXw thZ tkm f an {]XotI\; k
tZhm\]nKXn; k Duap]Poh Xn. CXn
tmImx
]nXmhv k]v Xmsf ta[sImpwm\wsIm
pw, X]psImpw IwsImpw, P\n np FXv
bpw Xs. Ahsb shfns Spphm t]mIpp. Ah
bn B Afn Hns\ Cu PKn\p s]mXphm
bnpXmn. cv A sf tZhmsc `Pnnp. tZh
mp \In. aqv A sf X\nbvmbn Iev ]np.
Hcp As ]ipmbn \In. AXn B ]ip
mbn \Inb An, {]mW\w sNp Xpw,
{]mWtN tbmSp IqSmXpw Fmw {]XnjvTnXambncnp
p. Ftmgpw AZnsSp B A FpsIm
mWv bnmXncnpXv? BcmtWm Cu A b n
\p Imc Ws Adnbp Xv, Ah {]m[m t\y\
As AZn pp, Ah tZhmsc A]nKanpp
tZhm `mhs {]m]npp. Ah Dus A
arX s D]Pohnpp. Fv tmI a{ ]d
bpp.
56. D] ""bXv k]v Xm m \n ta [bm X]km f
P\bXv ]ntX'' Xnta[bm ln X]km f P\
bXv ]nXm. ""GIaky km[mcW anXn CZta
hmky XXv km[mcWaw bZnZa ZytX; k f
b GX Zp ]mkv tX \ k ]m]v at\m hymh
I K
N P
289
tX; an{kw tlyXXv ""tZztZhm\`mPb'' ZnXn
lpXw N {]lpXw N. XkvamZv tZtht`ym Pq
lzXn N {]NPq lzXn. AtYm BlqZi
]q amkm hn Xn. Xkv am t n bm PqIw
kymXv. ""]ip`y GIw {]mb'' ZnXn XXv ]bx.
Xtbm tly amt{K a\pjym ]ihtm]Po
hn; XkvamXv Ipamcw PmXw JrXw sshhmt{K
{]Xn telbn; kv X\w hm f \p[m ] b n.
AYhw PmXamlpc XrWmZ CXn. ""Xkvan
kw {]XnjvTnXw b {]mWnXn bt\'' Xn
]bkn lZw khw {]XnjvTnXw b {]mWnXn
b \. XZyZnZamlpx kwhcw ]bkm Pqlz
Z] ]p\rXypw PbXoXn, \ XYm h ZymXv;
bZltchq tlmXn, XZlx ]p\rXypa]
P b tXyhw hnZzm; kw ln tZtht`ym f
mZyw {]bXn. ""IkvamXv Xm\n \obt
f Zyam \m\n kttZ Xn ]p cptjm hm
AnXnx kloZ aw [nbm [nbm P\ btX
In`nxN bss X IcymXv otbX l
"" tkm f an { ]XotIt\'' Xn ap Jw
{]XoIw; aptJ t\ tXyXXv ""ktZhm\ ]n KXn;
k DuPap]PohXn Xn {]iwkm.
b]vXm. ]nXm. Fp a{n ]dn cnp
Xns\ hymJym\npp: ]nXmhv ta[sImpw X]p
sImpw BWtm P\nnXv. ""GIakykm[mcWw''
FXns Aw ]dbpp: GXmtWm Cu AZn
s Sp Xv, CXpXs bmWv, Cu PKn\v s]mXphmb B
Aw. BcmtWm Cu s]mXphmb As D]mknp
Xv Ah ]m]vamhn\nv \nhnbn. Fs
m Cu Aw an{iamIpp Ahn` amIpp. tZz tZ
hm\ `mPbX FXn ]d cv A lpXhpw
{]lpXhpamIpp. AXn\m tZhmmbn tlmanbpw
{]tlmanbpw sNpp. ]ns tZhmp sImSp
A Zi]qamk fmsWv Nne ]dbpp.
AXn\m Imay fmb CnIsfsmp bPnp ioe
aph\mbn CcncpXv. ]ipmbn Hcp As
\In Fp ]dphtm: AXp ]b mIpp. Fs
m, a\pjycpw ]ipfpw BZyw ]bns\ s D]
Po hn p p. AXn \m, P\n Ipam cs\ BZyw
LrXss {]Xntel\w sNnbpw ]noSp
kvX\s ]m\w sNnbpw sNpp. ]ns P\n
hs {]mbsn ]pp XnpXpSmsXv ]dbp
p, ""bkvan khw.... b\'' F a{]Zns
hymJym \w G XmtWm {]mW\w sNp Xv AXpw
GXmtWm {]mW\w sNmXv AXpw CsXmw ]b n
emWtm {]Xnjv TnXambncnpXv. AXn\m ""Hcp kwh
cw ]b psImv tlmanpsImncpm, ]p\arXyp
hns\ Pbnpp.'' Fns\ ]dbp Xns\ A{]Imcw
[cncpXv. ]nstbm, GXp ZnhknemtWm tlmanp
Xv B ZnhkwXs C{]Imcw Adnbph ]p\ar
Xyphns\ Pbn pp. Fs m tZhmmbn Fm
AmZytbpw As\ tlmanph \Ipp.
Ftmgpw AZnsSp B A bnmXv
FpsImmsWp tNmZnXn\pcw ]d bpp: Aw
bnm Xn\p ImcWw ]pcpj\mIpp. Fsm
Ah\mWv Cu As hopw hopw P\nn p Xv.
""tbm ssh\manX thZ'' Fp ]dXn An Xn
Aw bnm Xn\p ImcWw ]pcpj\mIpp. Fs
m Ah\mWv Cu As Atmgtm DmIp
{]sImpw I sfsmpw P\nnp Xv. CXn
s\ Cu Atmev]mZ\s Ah sNmXncnp ]w
Aw bnpw. ""tkm f an{]XntI\'' Fp ]d
Xn {]XoIsaXv apJamIpp. {]XoIwsImv F
Xns Aw apJw sImv FmWv. Ah tZhmsc
A]nKanpsapw Ah AarXs D]Pohnpsapw
]dXv {]iwkbmIpp.
57. D] ""{XoWymt\ f IcptX'' Xn, at\m, hmNw,
{]mWw, Xm\ym t\ f Icp X. A\y{Xa\m
A`q hw. \ml a Ziw; A\y {X a\m A`q hw,
\ml a {iu j an Xn. a\km tlyh ]iyXn;
a\km irtWm Xn . Imax , k ev t]m,
hnNnInm, {im f {im, [rXn, c[rXn, ldo
o, `ocntXyXXv khw a\ Gh. XkvamZ]n
]rjv TX D]kv]rtm a\km hnPm\mXn bx
I i_vtZmhmtKh km. Gj lyambm;
Gjm lnX, {]mtWm f ]mt\m, hym\, DZm\x,
kamt\m f \ CtXyXXv khw {]mW Gh.
GXtbm hm Abamm, hmMvatbm, at\m
abx {]mWabx
""{XoWymt\ f IcpX'' F Xn, aq sf
Bmhn\mbn Iev]np Fp ]dbpXv a\nt\bpw,
hmn\ bpw, {]mWt\bpamIpp. Ahsb B at\mhmIv
{]mW sfBmhn\mbn ]nXmhp Iev]np. Rm asm
n {]thin a\tmSpIqSnbh\mbn cpp: ""Rm
In'' Fp ]dbmdpv . a\psImpX sbmWv
ImWpXv: a\psImmWv tIpXv. Imawkv{Xo
kwk n\p A`nemjw, kev ]wAdnhns]Sp
hnjb sf ip\oemZn t`tZ\ hnIev]n, hnNnIn
kw ibcq]amb m\w, {iAZr {]tbmP \ fmb
Ifn epw, tZhXmZn Ifnepap BkvXnIy_pnA
{i {ibvp hn]coXamb _pn, [rXw[mc Wicocw
apXembXv Xfcptm Xmn\npI, [rXnbnmbva
lvdoe, [o {], `o `bw, Fn s\ DsXmw
a\pXsa\ns cq]t`ZXs. AXn\m
]nhiv kv ]insh\mbncpmepw a\psImv
Adnbpp. GXp i_vZambncpmepw AXp hmpXs.
Cu hmv AsA\n bs Bb bmbn
cnppA\pKanp Xmbncnpp. Cu hmv asmn
I K
N P
290
\m {]Iminns SpX. {]mW, A]m\, hym\,
DZm\, kam\, A\ FnsXmw {]mWXs. Cu
BmhvAhnthInI Bmsh`n am\np, Imcy
IcWkMvLmXcq]amb Cu ]nw ChbpsS B[nIy
ap XmIpp. hmMvabhpw at\mabhpw {]mWa bhpam
IpXmWv .
58. D] {Xtbm temIm X Gh. hmtK hmbw
temtIm at\mcntemIx, {]mtWm f sku
temIx
aqp temI `q, `qh kz Fo aqp temI
ChXsCu hmMva\x {]mW Xs. Cu
temIw hmpX sbmIpp. Cu temIw hmp X
sbmWv. a\v A cotemIamIpXmWv. {]mW
At temIamIpXmWv .
59. D] {XtbmthZm GX Gh; hmtKhtKztZm,
at\m bPqthZx, {]mWx kmathZx
aqp thZ Cu hmMva\x {]mWX s. hmp
Xs EtKzZw. a\v bPqthZamIpp. {]mW kma
th ZamIpp.
60. D]tZhmx, ]nXtcm, a\pjym GX Gh, hmtKh
tZh, \x ]nXcx {]mtWm a\pjymx
tZhmcpw ]nXrfpw a\pjycpw Cu hmMv a\x {]mW
Xs. hmpXs tZhm. a\p ]nXrfmIp
p. {]mW a\pjy\mIpp.
61. D] ]nXm, amXm, {]ssPX Gh: a\ Gh ]nXm,
hmMvamXm, {]mWx{]Pm
]nXmhpw amXmhpw {]Pbpw Cu hmMva\x {]mWX
s. a\ pXs ]nXmhv. hmp amXmhmIpp. {]mW
{]PbmIpp.
62. D] hnm \w, hnPn m ky, ahn mX
taX Gh; bXv Inw N hnmXw hmNkvX{Zq
]w; hmKvLnhn mXm, hmtK\w XZv`qXzm f
h Xn.
Adnb s SpXpw, Adnbphm\n n sSpXpw Adn
b s SmXpw, ChXs Cu at\mhmIv {]mWXs.
GsXmamtWm, Adnbs XmbncnpXv AsXmw
hmns cq]amIpp. Fsm hmv Adnbs Xm
Ipp. hmv B Adnb s hkvXphmbnov, Chs\
Cu hmKzn `qXnsb Adn bp hs\ cn pp.
63. D] bXv InwN hnPn mkyw a\kkvX{Zq
]w at\mln hnPn mkyw; a\ G\w XZv `q
Xzm f hXn.
GsXmamtWm Adnbphm Cns SpXv AXv a\
ns cq]amIpp. Fsm a\v Adnbphm Cn
sSpXmIpp. a\v B Adn bphm\nn sSp
hkvXphmbn ov B at\mhn`qXnsb Adnbphs\
cnp p.
64. D] bXv InwNm hnmXw {]mWky X{Zq]w;
{]mtWmly hnmXx: {]mW G\w XXv `qXm
f hXn.
GsXmamtWm Adnbs SmXmbncnpXv Ah
{]mWs cq]amIpp. Fsm {]mW Adnb s Sm
XmIpp. {]mW B AhnmXambnov Ch
s\, Cu {]mWhn`qXnsb Adn bphs\, cn pp.
65. D] Xssky hmNx ]rYn ho ico cw,
tPymXocq] a b an x; XZym h tXyh hmIv
XmhXo ]rYnho; Xmhm \banx.
B hmn\v icocw ]rYnhnbmIpp. {]ImimIamb
ImcWw ]mnhamb AnbmIpp. AXn hmv
F{Xtmfaptm ]rYnhnbpw A{Xtmfw Xs bpv.
Cu ]mn hmnbpw A{X tmfapv.
66. D] AssYXky a\tkm Zyu; icocw; tPymXo
cq ] a km hm ZnXpx XZym h tZh a\ kv Xm hXo
Zyux; Xmam\kmhmZnXyx Xu anYp\w kssa
Xmw; XXx{]mtWm f Pm bX: k C{x; k
Gtjm f k]Xv\x; ZznXo tbm ssh k]Xvt\
`hXn. \mkyk]Xvt\m `hXn b Ghw thZ.
]ns Cu a\ ns icocw tZymhmIpp. {]Imim
Iamb IcWw B BZnXy\mIpp. AXn a\v F{X
tmfaptm, tZymhpw A{XtmfwXsbpv. B
BZnXy\pw A{Xtmfapv. Ah AymZnXymcmIp
hmpw a\pw anYp\ s ]c kv ]c kwks {]m]n
p. AXn\nv {]mW Dmbn. Ah B {]mW
C{ \mIpp, ]c ta izc\mIpp. Ch Ak]Xv\amIp
pFXncmbn Bcpw Cmh BIpp. k]Xv\
cma sXmcp\mWtm. BcmtWm C{]Imcw Adnbp
Xv Chv k]Xv\ FXncmfn DmIbn.
67. D] AssY Xky {]mWkym ff ]x icocw;
tPymXo cq]a ku N{x; XZymamt\h{]mW
kvXmhXy B]x; Xmhm\ ku N{x; X GtX
k Gh kamx; kt f \mx. k tbm
sslXm \ hX D]mkv tX f hw
ktemIw Pb Xn. AY tbm sslXm \ \p
]mkvtX f \w ktemIw PbXn.
]ns, Cu {]IrXamb {]mPm]Xyamb {]mW\v
icocw ApIfmIpp. tZymXncq]amb IcWw B N{
\mIpp. AXn, {]mW F{X ]cnamWap XmIp
pthm ApIfpw A{Xbpw ]cnamWtmSpIqSn b hbm
Ipp. B N{\pw A{Xbpw ]cnamWtmSp IqSn bXm
Ipp. Ch Fmw kafmIpp. Fmw A\fm
I K
N P
291
Ipp. BcmtWm Chsb Aaphbmbn D]mknp
Xv, Ah Aap temIs Pbnpp. ]ns
BcmtWm Chsb A\ fmbn D]mknp Xv, Ah
A\ amb temIs Pbnpp.
68. D]k Gj kwhcx {]Pm]Xnx tjmUi
Iex, Xky cm{Xb Gh ]ZiIemx; {[pssh
hmky tjmUioIem; k cm{Xn`ntchm ff N
]qcytX f ] N obtX. tkm f amhmkymw
cm{Xn taXbm tjmUiym Iebm kanZw
{]mW `r Z\p {]hniy XXx {]mX PmbtXy
Xkvam tZXmw cm{Xnw {]mW`rXx {]mWw \ hnn
ymZ]n IrIemk ssk Xkym Gh tZhXmbm
A]Nn ssXy.
As\bp Cu {]Pm]Xn ]Xn\mdp Ie tbmSpIqSnb
kwhcamIpp. Ahs ]Xn\p IeI cm{Xn I
Xs BIpp. Cu kwh cmI\mb {]Pm]XnbpsS
]Xn\mdmas Ie \nXyXsbmIpp. Ah cm{Xn I
sfsmp Xs B]q \mhpIbpw bnpt]mIbpw
sNpp. AhImemmhmb B {]Pm]Xn Idp
hmhpm cm{Xnbn Cu {]mWnhIIsf Fmw A\p
{]thinn v, A\cw ASp Znhkw cmhnse P\n p
p. AXn\m, Cu cm{Xnbn, Cu tkmatZhX bpsSXs
]qPbvmbn {]mWnbpsS Hcp {]mWnbpsSbpw Hmns
t]mepw{]mWs\ hntZn cpXv\inn cpXv.
69. D]tbm ssh k kwhcx {]Pm]Xnx tjm
Ui Item f btah ktbm f btahw
hnXv ]pcpjx; Xky hn tah ] Z i Iemx
Bss hmky tjm Uio Iem; k hnt
ss\hm ff N ]qcytX f ] N nbtX. XtZ
X`yw bZ bamm; {][nnw; Xkv amZy
Zy]n kPym\nw PobX, B\m tN oh
Xn, {][n\m f KmZn tXyhm ff lpx
]Xn\mdp IeItfmSpIqSnb B kwh c amIp {]Pm
]Xn BcmtWm Ah ChX sbmWv, C{]Imcw Adn
bp Cu ]pcpj Btcm Ah, Ahv ]Xn\p Ie
I hnwXsbmIpp. Ahv ]Xn\mdmas Ie
icocw Xs. Ah hnw sImpXs B]q\mhp
Ibpw bnp t]mIbpw sNpp. Cu icoc saXp
GtXm CXv \m`nbpsS m\ pXmIpp. tKm apX
embXp cYN{Ins t\anbpsS m\p XmWv.
AXn\m Fmw bnmepw, icocwsImp Pohnp
]w ""_mlyamb ]cnhmcw sImt oWnn pq''
Fp ]dbpp.
70. D] AY, {Xtbm hmh temIm, a\pjytemIx,
]nXr temIm tZh temIm CXn. tkm f bw
a\pjy temIx ]p{X ssW h P tm, \mt\y\
IWm; IWm ]nXrtemIm, hnZybmtZh
temIx tZhtemtIm ssh tem Im\mw t{ijvTx;
XkvamZznZymw {]iwkn.
a\pjytemIw, ]nXr temIw, tZhtemIw Fv temI
aqpXs. Cu a\pjytemIw ]p{Xs\smpXs
Pbn s tSXmIpp, km[n s tSXmIpp. asm
psImpw, AXmbXp Iw sImtm hnZysImtm,
Pbn s Smhp X. ]nXrtemIw IwsImp Pbn
stS XmIpp. tZhtemIw hnZysImp Pbn stS
XmWv . temIfn hv t{ijv Tambn pXv tZhtem
IamIpp. AXn\m hnZysb {]iw kn pp.
71. D] A YmXx kw{]n x bZm ss{]jy
a\ytX f Y ]p { X amlXz w { _, Xz w
bmkvXzw temI CXn. k ]p{Xx {]Xymlm,
lw {_m, lw btm f lw temI CXn
bssZz Inw Nm\qw, Xky kky {_t
tXyIXm. tb ssh tIN bm, kvtXjmw
kthjmw b CtXy IXm; tb ssh tI
N temIm, kvtXjmw kthjmw temIC tXy
IXm; GXmhZzm CZw khw; GXm khw
k bantXm f `p\PZnXn. XkvamXv ]p{Xa\p
inw temIyamlpx; XkvamtZ\ a\p imkXn.
k b ssZhw hnZkvamtmImXv ss{]XyssY`n
tch {]mssWx kl ]p{X amhniXn. AY bZy
t\\ Inw Nn Z v Wbm f IrXw `hXn, Xkv am
tZ\w kh kv amXv ]pt{Xmap Xn; XkvamXv
]pt{Xm \ma kx. ]pt{XssWhmkvan temI
{]XnXnjvTXn, AssY\ tatX ssZhmx {]mWm
AarXm Bhnin.
CXn\pta k{n F Iw ]db sSpp.
FtmgmtWm acnphm t]mIph\mbn hnNmcnpXv
Atm ]p{Xt\mSv ]dbpp ""\o {_ amWv ; \o b
amWv \o temIamWv '' Fv. B ]p{X Dcw ]dbpp
""Rm {_amWv. Rm bamWvb Rm temIam
Wv'' Fv. A[yb\w FsmamtWm AXn\v Fm
n\pw {_ sap ]Zn GIXzw hnhn s
ncnpp. b Fhsb mamtWm Ahbsm
n\pw b sap ]Zn GIXzw hnhn s
n cnpp. temI Fhsb mamtWm Ahbvsmw
temIw Fp ]Zn GIXzw hnhn sncn p
p. ""CsXmw Kr l sNt sXmw C{Xtmfw
am{Xta Dq. Cu ]p{X CsXmambnv Fs Cu temI
n \nv ]menpw'' FmWv ]nXmhns A`n{]mbw.
AXn\m A\pimkn s np ]p{Xs\ temIys\v
]dbpp. AXn\m Chs\ ]p{Xs\ A\pimknpp.
C{]Imcw Adnbp kw{]nsb sNbvXnp Ah
]nXmhv Ftm Cu temIn\nv Kanppthm,
acn ppthm, Atm CtX{]mW temSpIqsSs
]p{Xs\ Bthin pp. Ch\m Fs nepw Hcp aqe
I K
N P
292
bn D Hcp sNdnb ]gptXmfsanepw AIrXambn
sNsSmXmbn Dmbncpm, AXn\m Fm
nepw \nv Chs\Cu ]nXmhns\ B ]p{X tamNnn
pp. AXn\m BWv ]p{X Fp t]cp h\mbncn
p Xv. Ah ]p{Xs\ smp Xs Cu temIn
{]Xn jvTsb {]m]npp. A\cw kw{]nptijw
Cu ]nXmhns\ acWkz `mhanm, tZhkw_n Ifm
blnc WyK`s\ kw_nCu {]mW Bthin
pp.
72. D] ]r Ynsshy ssN\ a t ssZho hmKm
hniXn. km ssh ssZhohmKv, bbm bZytZh
hZXn, XXv XXv `hXn.
]rYnhnbn \npw Anbn\npw ssZhn bmb
hmv Chs\ kpw{]nsb sNbvXncnp hs\ Bth
inpp. GXp hmpsImv ]dbpsXmw A s\
Xs `hnppthm B hmmWv ssZhnbmbn pXv.
73. D] Znh ss\ am Zn Xym ssZhw a\ Bhn
iXn; XssZz ssZhw at\m, tb\m ff \tyh
`hXytYm \ timNXn.
tZymhn\npw BZn Xy\n\npw ssZhamb a\v
Ahs\ Bthinpp. GXp a\ psImmtWm B\
ap hXs Bbncn pIbpw timNnmXn cnbpw
sNpXp AXpXsbmWv ssZhamb a\ v .
74. D] AZv`yss\w N{ak ssZhx {]mW
BhniXn. k sshssZhx {]mtWm, bx kcw
mkcw \ hyYtX f tYm \ cnjyXn.
k GhwhnXv kthjmw `qXm\mamm `hXn;
b GhwhnXv kthjmw `qXm\mamm `hXn;
b ssYjm tZh ssXhw kx . bssYXmw
tZhXmw khmWn `q Xm \y h tyhw
sslhwhnZw khmWn `qXm\yhn. bZpInw
tNamx {]Pmx timN y ssahm ff kmw XZv
`hXn ]pWytahmapw KXn. \ l ssh tZhm
]m]w KXn.
ApIfn\npw N{a\n\npw ssZhamb
{]mW Chs\ Bthinpp. GXp {]mW\mtWm k
cnp Xmbmepw k cnmXncnp Xmbmepw hyYnm
Xn cn bpw hn\mis {]m]n mXncn bpw sNpXv,
AXmWv ssZhamb {]mW. B {XymmZi\s Adn
bph h Fm `qXfpsSbpw Bmhmbnocpp.
Cu lncWyK`tZhX GXp{]Imctam, Ah\pw B
{Xymm Zi\thZnbpwC{]ImcwXs. F{]Imc
amtWm Cu lnc WyK`tZhXsb Fm `qXepw Ah\w
sNpXv ]menpXv]qPnpXv, C{]Imcw Cu
{XymmZis Adnbpht\bpw Fm `qXfpw
]qPnpp. Cu {]PI Fns\ nbmtWm timNnp
Xp, AXvtimImZn\nanamb ZpxJw ChcpsS IqsS
s tNncnpp. Ahs\{]Pm]Xyamb ]Zn
hnp B {XymmZinsb ]pWyw am{Xta {]m]n
bpp; tZhmsc ]m]w ]m]^ eamb ZpxJw {]m]n
bnXs.
75. D] A YmtXm {hX ao amw km {] Pm ] Xnln
ImWn k krtP; Xm\n krm\yt\ymt\y
\m f kv ]. hZn jymtay hml an Xn
hmKv Zt{ [; { Zymayl an Xn Np x ;
t{ imjymay lanXn t{im{ Xw; Gh a \ym\n
ImWn bYmI Xm\n arXypx {itam `qtXzm
]tbta; Xm\ym]vt\mXv; Xm\ym]vXzm arXyphm
cp . Xkv am v dmay tXyh hmIv ; {ima yXn
Npx; {imayXn t{im{Xw. AtYatah \m ff
]v t\m, tZym f bw a[yax { ]mWx. Xm\n
mXpw c{[ntc. Abw ssh \x t{i, jvtTm,
bx kcwmkcwm \ hyY tX f tYm
\cn jy Xn. lm sskyh kt cq ] a ` h.
XkvamtZX GtX\m ff Jymbt {]mWm CXn.
tX\ l hmh X IpemamNtX, bkv an
Ipte `hXn b Ghw thZ. b D sslhw hnZm
kv]tX f \p ipjyXn; A\pipjy sslh
f tXm{anbtX. CXy[ymw.
A\cw {hX aoamwk ]dbs Spp{]Pm]Xn, {]P
I fpsS {kmhv I sf hm Km Zn I fmb I
p Ic Wsfkrn p. krns Ah
Xn kv]np acnp. ""Rm hZn pIXs
sNpw'' Fv hmv {hXw ]nSnp. ""Rm Zinpw''
Fp Npp hmin ]nSnp. ""Rm {ihnpw'' Fp
t{im{Xw {hXw [cnp. Cs\ ap Ifpw AXmXns
In \ \pkcnp {hXw ]nSnp. Ahsb arXyp {ia am
bnop D]b anp, kw{Klnp. B hmKmZnIsf arXyp
{]m]n p. Ahsb {]m]nnv arXyp Ahtcm[np. Ahsb
kz I fn \np sXnp. AXn\m, hmv Xf cpI
Xs sNp p kz I fn\np sXpp.
Nppw Xfcpp. t{im{Xhpw {imambnocpp.
Fm, Cu a[ya\mb {]mW GtXm Chs\ am{Xw
arXyp {]m]nn. B hmKmZnIfmb ap Ic W Adn
bpXn\v apJy {]mWs\ Adnbp Xn\v a\php.
""BcmtWm k cnp h\mbmepw kcn mXncnp
h\mbmepw hyYnmXncnpIbpw \inmXn cnp
Ibpw sNp Xv, As\ bp Cu apJy {]mW Xs
bmWv \fpsS Iqn t{ijvT. Ctm \
Chs cq]w Xs BbnocWw.'' Cs\ \n bnn
v, Ah Fmw, hmKmZn I Fmw Cu apJy{]mWs
Xs cq]w Bbnop. AXn \m, Cu hmKmZnI Cu
{]mWs\ sImv , {]mW Fv A`n[m\w sNs Sp
p. BcmtWm C{]Imcw Adnbp Xv, Ah, B hnZzm,
GXp Ipen P\nncnppthm B Ipes Ahs\
sImpXs BfpI ]dbpp. BcmtWm C{]Imcw
I K
N P
293
Adnbpht\mSv kv]npXv Ah timjs {]m]n
pp. A\ptimjnnpXs HSphn acnpp. Cs\
B[ym amb {]mWm Zi\w ]dbsp.
76. D] A Ym\n ssZh Xw Pz enjym tayhm lan
XynZt{[; \]vkymaylanXymZntXym, `mkym
aylanXn N{amx Gha\ym tZhXm bYmssZ
hXw. k bssYjmw {]mWm\mw a[yax {]W,
GhtaXm \mw tZh Xm\mw hmbpx. tmNn
ly\ym tZhXm, \ hmbpx sskjm f \kv X
anXm tZhXm bZzmbpx,
A\ cw tZhXmhnjb amb Zi\w ]dbpp: ""Rm
PzenpsImpXs Ccnpw'' Fv, An {hXw ]nSn
p. ""Rm X]npw'' Fp BZnXy\pw, ""Rm {]Im
inpw'' Fp N{\pw {]Imcw AXmXp tZhXIp
Xhw hnZypp apXemb ap tZhXIfpw hmin]nSn
p. Cu hmKmZn Ifmb {]mW fpsS Iqn B a[ya
\mb {]mW F{]Imctam C{]ImcamWv, Cu AymZn
tZhXIfpsS Iqn hmbp Fsm aptZhI
Akv Xs {]m]npp. hmbp Akv Xs {]m]npn
. hmbp F tXtXm B tZhX Akv Xanm XmIpp.
77. D] AssYj tmtIm `hXn
C\n Cu tmIw Dv.
tm bXtmtZXn kqcyx AkvXw b{X
N KXn
Xw tZhm{Intc [w; k
GhmZy k D izx CXn.
bmsXmcp hmbphn\np {]mW\n\nv kqcy
Npv DZnbpw bmsXmcp hmbnhn, {]mW\n,
AkvXs {]m]nbpw sNppthm B [s B
hmbp{hX s, {]mW{hX s, tZhm AymZnI,
hmKmZnI sNbvXp. B [wXs Cpw tZhmcm
A\phn s Spp. AXpXs \msfbpw A\phn
s Spw.
78. D] ""bX tmtZXn kqtcym f kv Xw b{X N
K Xn'' CXn. {]mWmZzm Gj DtZXn; {]mtW
f kv XtaXn. Xw tZhm {In tc [w k
GhmZy k D izx. CXn bZzm GtX f aply
{[ob, XtZhm]yZy Iphn. Xkvam tZItah
{hXw NtcXv ; {]mWymsshm]m\ym; t\m
]m]vamarXyp cm]v\p hZnXn. bZyp NtcXv, XXv
kam]n] bn tj Xv . tXt\m GXssky tZh
Xmssb kmbqPyw ktemIXmw PbXn.
""bX tm........Xn'' FXns\ Npcp n hymJym
\nppCu kqcy {]mW\n \nmWv DZnpXv.
{]mW\nemWv AkvXs {]m]n p Xv . ""Xw tZhmizx''
F Xns Asasp ]dbppCu tZhmA
ymZnIfpw hmKmZnIfpw Amev GXv hmbp{hX
tbpw {]mW{hXt bpamtWm [cnXv CXns\ s
Ctmgpw sNpp. AXn\m Hcp {hXs s A\p
jv Tn Ww. {]mWn bpw{]mW\ hym]mcs sNbvIbpw
A]m\nbpw sNWw. ""]m]vamhmb arXyp Fs {]m]n
cptX!'' Fp `bsv B Hcp {hX s s, {]mW
{hXs Xs A\pjv Tn Ww. A\pjv TnpXpS pIbm
sWn kam]n phm Cn Ww. B {hXm\pjvTm\w
sImv, Cu tZhXbpsSCu {]mWtZhXbpsS kmbqPy
ttbm GIm `mhttbm, kam \temIXzttbm
{]m]npp.
Bdmw {_m Ww
79. D] {Xbw hm CZw, \ma, cq]w, I; tXjmw
\mav \mw hmKntXy X tZ jm apIv Yw; AtXmln
khmWn \mam\ypnjvTn; GXtZjmwkma;
GX n ksshm a`nx kaw; GX tZjmw
{_; GXn khmWn \mam\n _n`n.
CsXmw \maw, cq]w, Iw Fv aqpXs. Ah
bn Cu \mahntijv hmv Fp i_vZkmam
\yamWv D]mZm\ ImcWw. CXn \nmWtm Fm \ma
fpw Dm\w sNp Xv DmIpXv. CXv Cu hmv
FpXv Cu \mahn tijfpsS kmaamIpp kmam
\yamIpp. Cu i_vZkmam\yw Fm \ma tfmSpw ka
amIpp. Cu i_vZkmam\yw Cu \mahntijfpsS
{_amIpp BmhmIpp. Fsm CXv Fm \ma
tfbpw `cnpp.
80. D] AY cq]m Wmw N p cn tXy X tZ jmap
Iv Yw; AtXmln khmWncq]mWypnjvTn.
GX tZjmw kma; GXn kssh cqss]x
kaw; GX tZjmw {_; GXn khmWn
cq]mWn _n`n.
C\n cq] hntijp cq]kmam\yn A`m
hs ]dbpp: Cu cq]p Npsp cq]
kmam\yamWv D]mZm\ImcWw. Fsm, CXn\n
mWv Fm cq]epw DmIpXv . CXv Cu cq]km
am\yw Cu cq]hntijfpsS kmaamIpp. Fsm
CXv Fm cq] tfmSpw kaamIpp. Cu cq]kmam\yw
Cu cq]hntijfpsS {_amIppBmhmIpp.
Fsm CXv Fm cq]tfbpw `cnpp.
81. D] AY Im Wmw B t tXyX tZjm
apIvYw; AtXmln kwWn ImWypnjvT
n. GX tZjmw kma; GXn k sshx I`nx
kaw. GX tZjmw {_; GXn khmWn
ImWn _n`n, XtZX{bw ktZI ab
amm. Btm GIx ktXXv {Xbw XtZXZ
arXw ktXy\ w. {]mtWm hm AarXw; \ma
I K
N P
294
cqt] kXyw; Xm`ymabw {]mWivOx
C\n Ihntijp I kmam\yn
A`mhs ]dbpp: Cu Ihntijv
Bmhv Fp ]dbp Ikmam\yamWv D]mZm\ Imc
Ww. Fsm CXn\nmWv Fm Ifpw Dm
Ip Xv. Cu Ikmam\yamWv Cu Ihntij fpsS
kmaw. Fsm CXv Fm IhntijtfmSpw ka
amIpp. Cu Ikmam\yw Cu IhntijfpsS
{_amIppBmhmIpp. Fsm CXv Fm
Ihntijtfbpw `cnpp. As\bp Cu
\maw, cq]w, Iw F aqpw Hmbnp Cu Bmhm
Ipp Imcy IcW kMvLmXcq]amb Cu ]namIpp.
GIambncn p Cu ImcyIcW kMvLmXw Cu \ma
cq] I aqpw Xs Cu AarXw kXym ad
bv s ncnpp. AarXsap ]dbpXv {]mW\mIpp.
kXysav ]dbpXv \macq]fs{X. Ahbm Cu
{]mW ad s ncn pp.
cma ymbw
Hmw {_mWw
1. D]Hmw Zr]vX _memIn lm\qNmt\m KmKy
Bk. ktlmhmNmPmX i{Xpw Imiyw, {_
tX {_mhm Wo Xn. k tlm hmNm Pm X i{Xpx
kl{k taXkymw hmNn ZZvtam, P\tIm P\I
CXn ssh P\m[mho Xn.
A\phN\ka\pw hmn bpw, Zr ]vX\pw _emI
bpsS ]p{X\pw Bb KmKy Fv tKm{X \maap Hcp
{_mW Dmbncppt]m. Ah ImincmP\mb
APmX i{Xphnt\mSv, ""Atbvv Rm {_s ]d
pXcmw'' Fp ]dpht{X. B APmXi{Xp ]dp
t]m: ""Cu hmp \nanw Bbncw ]ipsf \mw Xcp
pv. P\I P\I (ZmXmhpw t{imXmhpw) FmWtm
P\ HmXp Xv'' Fv.
2. D] k tlmhmN KmKyx b Ghmkm hmZn
tXy ]pcpj GXtahmlw {_tm]mk CXn.
k tlmhmNmPmX i{Xpx amssaXkvan kwh
Znjv Tmx; AXnjv Tmx kthjmw `qXm \mw
aqm cmtPXnhm Alta Xap]mk CXn. k
b GXtahap]mkvtX f XnjvTmx ktjmw
`qXm\mw aqm, cmPm `hXn.
B KmKy ]dp: ""BZnXy\n D B ]pcpj
Btcm Chs\ s Rm {_ambn D]mkn pp.''
B APmXi{Xp ]dp: ""thm, Cu {_ns hnj
b n kwhmZnbvt Ap kwhmZs sNt .
AXnjvT\pw Fm `qXsfbpw AXn {Ianp nXn
sNp h\pw,Fm `qX fptSbpw aqmhpw inc pw,
cmPmhpwZo]v Xn KptWmt]X\pw, Fp hntij tfm
SpIqSn Rm Chs\ D]mknpp'' Fv. ""BcmtWm
Chs\ C{]Imcw D]mknp Xv, Ah AXnjv T\mbpw,
Fm `qXfpsSbpw aqmhmbpw cmPmhmbpw `hnp
p.''
3. D] k tlmhmN KmtKym, b Ghmku Nt{
]pcpj, GXta hmlw {_tm]mk CXn. k
tlm hmNmPmX i{Xp, m, ssaX kvan kwhn
ZnjvTmx; _rl, ]mchmkmx, tkmam cmtP
Xnhm AltaX ap]mk CXn. k b GXtahap
]mkv tX f lc ll kpXx, {]kp tXm, `h
Xn, \mkymw obtX.
B KmKy ]dp ""N{\nep B ]pcpj Btcm
Ahs\s Rm {_ambn D]mknpp'' Fv. B
APmXi{Xp ]dp: ""th Cu {_ ns hnjb
n Ap kwhZnt; alm\pw, ]camb hmk
tmSpIqSnbh\pw, cmPmhpw Bb tkma Fp hnNm
cnp Rm Cu ]pcp js\ D]m kn pp'' Fv .
""BcmtWm Chs\ C{]Imcw D]mknpXv Ahv Znh
kw tXmdpw bn tkmaw A`njv TX ambpw hnIrXn
Ifn {]kpXambpw `hnpw. Ch\v Aw bnbn
.''
4. D]k tlmhmNKmtKym, b Ghku hnZypXn
]pcpj GX ta hmlw {_tm ]mk CXn k
tlmhmNm PmXi{Xp, m, ssaXkvan kwhZn
jvTmx; tXPkzoXn hm AtltaXap]mk CXn.
k b GXtahap]mkvtX, tXPkzo l `hXn;
tXPkzn\oNmky {]Pm`hXn
B KmKy ]dp: ""hnZypn D B ]pcpj
Btcm Aht\s Rm {_ambn D]mknpp''
Fv. B APmXi{Xp ]dp: ""th Cu {_ns
hnjb n kwhZnt; tXPkzn Fv Rm Cu
]pcpjs\ D]mkn pp'' Fv. ""BcmtWm Chs\ C{]
Imcw D]mknpXv Ah tXPkznbmbn `hnpp.
Chs {]P tXP kzn \n bmbn ocpp.''
5. D]k tlmhmN KmtKym, b GhmbamImti
]pcpj GXta hmlw {_tm ]mk CXn. k
tlmhm Nm Pm X i { Xp, m ssaX kv an
kwhZnjv Tmx, ]qa{]hoXn hm Alta
X ap]mk CXn. k b GX ta h ap ]mkv tXx
]qcytX {]Pbm ]ip`n, mkykvamtm ImXv
{]tPmZztX.
B KmKy ]dp: ""BImin D ]pcpj
Btcm Chs\ s Rm {_ambn D]mkn pp.''
Fv B APmXi{Xp ]dp: ""th, Cu {_ns
hnjbn kwhZnt . ]qhpw, {]hn m
Xpw{Inb bnmpw Fv Rm Chs\ D]mknpp''
I K
N P
295
Fv . ""BcmtWm Chs\ C{]Imcw D]mknpXv Ah
{]Pbmepw ]ipfmepw ]q\mbnocpp. Chs
{]P Cu temIn\nv DZznbn Apt]mIbn
. Ah\v km\ \miw hcnIbn.''
6. D] k tlmhmN KmtKym, b Ghmbw
hmsbu ]pcp j, GX ta hmlw {_tm ]mk
CXn. k tlmhmNmPmX i{Xpm ssaX kvan
kwhZnjv Tmx. Ct{msshIpWvtTm f ]cmPnXm
tkt\Xnhm AltaX ap]mk CXn. k b GX
ta hap]mkv tX, PojvWplm]amPn jvWp`h
Xy\y Xkv XyPmbo.
B KmKy ]dp: ""hmbphn D Cu ]pcpj
Btcm Chs\ s Rm {_ ambn D]mknpp''
Fv. B APmX i{Xp ]dp: ""C{\pw]ctaizc \pw,
sshIpWvT\pwA{]kly\pw A]cmPnXbmb tk\bpw
Fv, Rm Chs\ D]mknpp Fv. BcmtWm Chs\
C{]Imcw D]mkn pXv Ah Pnjv WphmbpwPb io
e\mbpw tXmmh\mbpw k]Xv\mtc Pbn p
ioeap h\mbpw Xocpp.''
7. D]k tlmhmN KmtKym, b Ghmb au
]pcpj GXta hmlw {_tm ]mk CXn. k
tlmhmNmPmX i{Xpm, ssaX kvan kwhZn
jv Tmx hnjm k ln cnXn hm Al ta X ap ]mk
CXn. k b GXtahap]mkvtX hnjmklnl`
hXn; hnjmklnlmky {]Pm`hXn.
B KmKy ]dp: ""Anbnep Cu ]pcpj
Btcm Chs\ s Rm {_ ambn D]mknpp''
Fv. B APmXi{Xp ]dp: ""th, Cu {_ns
hnjb n kwhZnt; hnjmklnCSp lhn
ns\ klnp h Fv Rm Cu ]pcpjs\ D]mkn
pp'' Fv ""BcmtWm Chs\ C{]Imcw D]mknpXv
Ah hnjm klnbmbn A\ymsc klnph\mbn
Xocpp. Chs {]P hnjmkln bmbnocpp.''
8. D]k tlmhmN KmtKym, b Ghmba]vkp
]pcpj GXta hmlw {_tm ]mk CXn. k
tlmhmNmPmXi{Xp, m, ssaXkvan kwhZn
jvTmx, {]Xncq] CXn hm Alta\ap]mk CXn;
k b GXtahap]mkvtX, {]Xncq]w sslssh
\a\pKXn, \m {]Xncq]w, AtYm {]Xncqt]m
f kv amm tb X.
B KmKy ]dp: ""ApIfn D Cu ]pcpj
Btcm Chs\ s Rm {_ ambn D]mknpp''
Fv. B APmXi{Xp ]dp: ""th, Cu {_ns
hnjb n kwhZn t; {]Xncq] A\pcq] {ip
Xnkv arXnIp A{]XnIqe Fp hntijWtm
SpIqSn Rm Chs\ D]mknpp'' Fv. ""Chs\
C{]Imcw B D]mknppthm Ahs\ A\pcq]ambn
p XpXs A\pKan pp{]m]npp. A\pcq]am
Xv {]m]npn. Ch\n\np A\pcq]ambnpXp
Xs DmIpIbpw sNpp.''
9. D]k tlmhmN KmtKym, b Ghmb amZ
ti ]pcpj GX tahmlw {_tm]mk CXn.
k tlmhmNm PmXi{Xp, m, ssaXkv an
kwhZnjv Tmx tcmNnjvWpcnXn hm Alta\ap
]mk CXn. k b GhtaXap]mkvtX, tcmNn
jvWpl `hXn; tcmNnjvWplmky {]Pm`
hXn; AtYm ssbx kw\nKXn khmwkvXm\
Xntcm NtX.
B KmKy ]dp: ""BZin (ImSnbn)
D Cu ]pcpj Btcm Chs\s Rm {_ ambn
D]mknpp'' Fv. APmXi{Xp ]dp. ""thm, Cu
{_ns hnjbn kwhmZw sNt . tcmNnjvWp
(Zo]vXnkz`mhw) F hntijWtmSpIqSn, Rm Chs\
D]mkn pp'' Fv. ""Chs\ C{]Imcw B D]mknp
pthm, Ah tcmNnjv Wphmbnocpp. Chs {]P
tcmNnjvWphmbnocpp. Fp am{Xa , BtcmSp ASp
ppthm Ahsc Fmhtcbpw AXn{Ianp {]Imin
bpw sNpw.''
10. D]k tlmhmN KmtKym b Ghmbw bXv\w
]mm_vtZm f \qtZ,tXyXtahmlw {_tm
]mk CXn. k tlmhmNmPmX i{Xp, m, ssa
Xkvan kwhZnjvTmx; AkpcnXn hm AltaX
ap]mk CXn. k b GXtahap]mkvtX, khw
sslhmkvan temI AbptcXn ss\Xw ]pcm
ImemXv {]mtWm PlmXn.
B KmKy ]dp: ""t]mIp hs ]nmse
GsXmcp i_vamtWm DZnpXv AXns\ s Rm
{_ambn D]mknpp'' Fv. B APmXi{Xp ]dp:
""th, Cu {_ns hnjb n kwhmZw sNt
, AkpPoh\tlXphmb {]mWF hntijW
tmSpIqSn Rm CXns\ D]mknpp'' Fv. CXns\
C{]Imcw Bdv D]mknppthm, Ah Cu temIn
apgph Bbpns\bpw Xs {]m]npp. Chs\ Ime
n\p apv {]mW Dt]n bn.
11. D]k tlmhmN KmtKym, b Ghmbw `np
]pcpj, GXta hmlw {_tm]mk CXn. k
tlmhmNmPm Xi{Xp,m ssaXkv an kwh
ZnjvTmx ZznXotbm f \]K CXn hm AltaXap
]mk CXn, k b GXtahap]mkvtX, ZznXob
hm l `hXn, XmkvamZvKWivOnZytX.
B KmKy ]dp: ""ZnpIfnep Cu ]pcpj
Btcm, Ahs\s Rm {_ ambn D]mknpp''
Fv . B APmXi{Xp ]dp: ""th, Cu {_ ns
hnjb n kwhmZw sNt . ZznXob, A\]K
I K
N P
296
F hntijWtfmSpIqSn Rm Chs\ D]mknpp''
Fv. ""Chs\ C{]Imcw B D]mkn ppthm Ah
klmb m Dh\mbnocpw Ch\n\nv Iqm
]ncn pt]mIbn.''
12. D]k tlmhmN KmtKym b Ghmbw Om
bmabx ]pcp j, GX ta hmbw {_tm ]mk
CXn. k tlmhmNmPmX i{Xpm, ssaX kvan
kwhZnjvTmx; arXypcnXn hm AltaXap]mk
CXn. k b GXtahap]mkvtX khw sslhm
kvan temI BbptcXn; ss\\w ]pcmImem
r XypcmKXn.
B KmKy ]dp: ""Cu Ombmab \mb ]pcpj
GtXm Ahs\s Rm {_ ambn D]mkn pp''
Fv . B APmXi{Xp ]dp: ""th, Cu {_ ns
hnjb n kwhmZw sNt. arXyp F hntijW
tmSpIqSn Rm Chs\ D]mknpp'' Fv. ""Chs\
C{]Imcw B D]mknppthm Ah Cu temIn
apgph Bbpns\ s {]m]npp. Imen\papv
Chs\ arXyp {]m]n bn.''
13. D] k tlmhmN KmtKym, b Ghmb am
\n ]pcpj, GXta hmlw {_tm]mk CXn.
k tlmhmNmPmX i{Xpm ssaXkvan kwh
ZnjvTmx B\zocn hm Al taX ap]mk CXn.
k b GXta hap]mkv X B\zo l `hXn.
B\zo\n lmky{]Pm `hXn. k l XpjvWn
amk KmKyx.
B KmKy ]dp: ""Bmhn ({]Pm]Xnbn)
D Cu ]pcpj Btcm, Chs\s Rm {_ambn
D]mknpp'' Fv. B APmii{Xp ]dp: ""th,
Cu {_Xns hnjb n kwhmZw sNt;
BmthmSpIqSnbh F hntijWtmSpIqSn Rm
Chs\ D]mknpp'' Fv , ""BcmtWm Chs\ C{]Imcw
D]m kn p Xv Ah Bm hp h \m bn o cpw.
Ahs {]P B \zn\nbmbpw Xocpw.'' B KmKy anm
Xn cpp.
14. D]k tlm hmNmPmX i{Xp; tcXmhq? CXn.
GXmhoXn. ss\XmhXm hnZnXw `hXoXn. k
tlmhmN KmKy D]Xzm bm \oXn.
B APmX i{Xp ""C{Xbpta Dtm?'' Fp ]dp.
""C{Xbpta Dq'' Fp KmKy adp]Sn ]dp.
""C{Xbpw am{XwsImv {_w Adnb s XmIbn.'' Fv
APmXi{Xp ]nsbpw ]dp, ""At Rm D]Kan
pp'' Fv KmKy ]dp.
15. D] k tlmhmNmPmX i{Xp; {]Xntemaw ssN
XZv, bZv {_mWx {Xnbapt]bmZv {_lv a
ta hyXoXn; thyhXzm ]bnjymaoXn. Xw
]mWm hm Zm tbm u Xu l ]pcpjm
kp]vX am P Xpx; Xta ssXm `n cm a {bmw
Nt{I_rl, ]mchmkx, tkma, cmPn
Xn. kt\m u. Xw ]mWn\m ff t]jw
t_m[bmw NImc; ktlmu
B APmX i{Xp ]dp: ""{_mW, F\np
{_s ]dpXcpw'' Fp hnNmcnv {Xnbs\ D]
KanpI FpXp GtXm CXv hn]coXhpamWv . ""Rm
At hnm]nnXs sNmw'' Fv. Atls
ssIbvp ]nSnpsImv cmPmhp Fgpt p. Ah cp
t]cpw DdnnS ]pcpjs ASp sNp. B ]pcp
js\ "_rl mbnp ht\' "]mchmt' "tkma'
"cmPmth' F \ma sfsmp Ba {Ww sNbvXp
hnfn p. Ah Fgpt n . Ahs\ ssIsImp Bt]
Ww sNbvXp sNbvXv DWn Ah Fgptp.
16. D] k tlmhmNmPmX i{Xp, cyss{X j GXXv
kp]v tXm f `qZy Gj hnm \ abx]pcpjx
ssIzj XZm f `qXv ?IpX GX `m KmXv ? CXn.
XZpl \ tat\ KmKyx.
B APmXi{Xp ]dp: ""Cu hnm\ab \mb ]pcp
j Btcm Ch Ctm Cu kz]v\s kz]nncp
pthm Atm Ch FhnsS Bbncpp? FhnsS\nv
CXns\ BKa\ s BKanp?'' Fv. AXns\ KmKy
Adnn.
17. D]k tlmhmNmPmX i{Xp, cyss{Xj GXXv
kp]v tXm f `qZy Gj hnm\ abx ]pcpj
kvXtZjmw {]mWm\mw hnmt\\ hnm
\amZmb, b Gtjm f lrZb BImikvX
kvan RvtOtX Xm \nbZm KrlvWmXyY sslXXv
]pcpjx kz]nXn \ma, x XZv , KrloX Gh
{]mtWm `hXn; KrloXw hmKv, KrloXw Np,
KrloXw t{im{Xw, KrloXw a\x.
B APmXi{Xp ]dp: ""Cu hnm\ ab\mb ]pcp
j Btcm Ch Ftm Cu kz]v\s kz]nncp
pthm Atm, hnm\wsImv AxIcWnep
A`nhyamb, hntijhn m\wsImv Cu hmKmZnI
fmb {]mWfpsS hnm\s kzhnjb fnep
kmays FSpnv, lrZbm`mKnep Cu
{]Imiw GtXm AXn ibnpp. AhsbhmKmZnI
fpsS hnm\ sf Ftm {Klnppthm Atm
]pcpj Cu kz]v\s kz]npp'' Fp ]dbpp.
AtmB kzm]Imen {]mW{LmtW{nbw
{Kln sXmbnD]kwl cn sXmbnocpp. hmp
{Kln sXmbnocpp. Npv {Kln sXmbno
cpp, a\p {Kln s Xmbn ocpp.
18. D] k bss{XXXv kz]v\ybm Nc Xn, tX lm
kytemImx; XZptXh almcmtPm `hXn; DtXh
I K
N P
297
alm{_mWx; DtXthmmhNw \nKXn. k
bYm almcmtPm Pm\ ]Zm KrloXzm tkzP\
]tZ bYmImaw ]cnht ssXhtasshj G
XXv {]mW KrloXzm tkzicotc bYmImaw
]cn h tX.
Ah {]IrX\mb Bmhv Ftm BtWm kz]v \
hrnsImv C{]Imcw NcnpXv, Atm Ah
Chs temI fmIpp I^ e fmIpp. Ahbn,
]t almcmPmhns\tmsebpw, ]t alm{_mWs\
tmsebpw Bbnocpp. Dambpw (Dbpw) AhN
ambpw (Xmgvpw) F t]mse \nKanbpw sNpp. AXv
Fs\ FmGXp {]Imc amtWm almcmPmhv P\ ]Z
n (\mn) D hsc Iqnsmv kzw P\ ]Zn
Cwt]mse Npn\ Sp Xv , C{]Imcw Xs Ch Cu
Bmhv C{]Imcw {]mWsf {Klnnv kzw icoc
n Cwt]mse Npn\S pp.
19. D] AY bZm kpjp]vtXm `hXn, bZm \ Iky
N\ thZ, lnXm\mw \mtUym Zzm k]vXXnx k
l{kmWn lrZbmXv ]pcoXXa `n{]XnjvTt,
Xm`nx {]Xyhkr]y ]pcoXXn titX. k bYm
Ipamtcm hm almcmtPm hm alm{_tWm
hm f XnLv \o am ky KXzmi bo ssXhta
sshj GXttX
]ns FtmgmtWm kpjp]v X\mbnocp Xv, Ftm
gmtWm Hnt\bpw Adn bmXncnpXv, Atm, lnX
I Fp ]dbp Fgp]ocmbncw \mUn I lrZb
n\np ]qcnXns\ A`n apJoIcnp Kanpp.
AhbnIqSn {]XyhkWw sNbvXn v ]nhen nv
]pcoXn ibnpp. AXv Fs\ Fm, F{]
Imc amtWm, Ipamc t\mAXy _met\m,almcmPmthm,
alm{_mWt\m B\ ns AXnLv\nsb AXni
tb\ ZpxJs l\np Ah sb{]m]nnv ibnp
Xv, A{]ImcwXs, Ch Cs\ ibnpp.
20. D]k btYm \m`nkv X pt\mtcZv, bYm
f txp{Zm hn kv ^p enwKm hyq c ty h ta
hmkvamZm\x kth{]mWmx kth temImx
k t tZhmx khmWn `qXm\n hypcn;
X tkym]\njv kXykykXyanXn. {]mWm
ssh kXyw; tXjmtajkXyw
AXvFs\ Fm F{]ImcamtWm Du\m`n
NnenXpsImv,\qepsImv DcnpXvDZvKanp
Xv, F{]Imc amtWm Anbn\nv p{Zfmb sN
dnb hnkv^penwK Xosmcn I hypcn p Xv]e
hn[n, Asn ]eXmbn DZvKanpXv C{]Imcw
Xs Cu Bmhn\nv DWcpXn\p app hnm
\ abs kzcq]n\nv Fm {]mWfpw Fm temI
fpw Fm tZhmcpw Fm `qXfpw hypcn pp
hnhn[ ambn DZvKan pp. B Bmhns D]\njv
ASp Fnp i_vZw kXyns kXyw F
XmIpp. kXysap ]dbpXv {]mW BIpp.
Ahbvp kXyw Cu BmhmIpp.
cmw {_mWw
21. D] tbm l ssh inipw km[m\w k{]Xym
[m\w kqWw kZmaw thZ, k]vX l Zznj
tXm {`mXrhym\hcpWn. Abw hm h inip
tcym f bw a[yax {]mWx, XtkyZtahm[m\
anZw {]Xym[m\w, {]mWx qWm f w Zma
BcmtWm B[mc tmSpIqSnbXpw {]Xym[m\ tmSp
IqSnbXpw qWtbmSp(_\ kv Xw `w) IqSn b Xpw, Zma(
]miw)tmSpIqSnbXpw Bb iniphns\ AdnbpXv
Ah, tZzjnp hcmb Ggp {`mXrhymsc Ahtcm[n
pp. Cu a[ya\mb {]mW GtXm CXpXs bmWv
inip Fp ]dbp Xv. B {]mW\mIp iniphn\p A[n
jvTm\w CXv (icocw)Xs. {]tXyIap A[njvTm\w CXm
(in c v ) Ipp. _\ kv Xw`w {]mW\mIpp_eamIp
p. Zmaw_\ cq, AamIpp.
22. D] XtaXmx k]vXmnXb D]\njvTt. XZy
Cam A temlnt\ym cmPbkvXm`n tc\w
cpt{Zm f \zmbx; AY bm Am]kvXm`n;
]\yx; bm I\o\Im Xbm f f ZnXyx; bXv
IrjvWw tX\mnx; bpw tXt\{x; A[
cssb\w h\ym ]rYn hy \z m bm;
Zyucpcbm. \mkymw obtX b Ghw
thZ
Ahs\B {]mWs\, CuXmsg dbp, Ggp An
XnI AnXntl Xp, D]m\w sNpp. AXn
Anbn Cu Nphp\ndnep cmPnI tcJI,
Ghtbm, AhbnIqSn cp{Z Cu a[ya\mb {]mWs\
A\zmb \mbncnppA\pKX \mbn cnpp. ]ns
Anbnep ApI Fhtbm AhbnIqSn ]P
\y Cu apJy{]mWs\ A\pKX \mbncnpp. Zi\
in GtXm AXnIqSn BZnXy Chs\ A\pKX \m
bn cnpp. Inep Idp`mKw GtXm AXnIqSn
An Chs\ A\pKX\mbncnpp. shfp `mKw GtXm
AXnIqSn C{ Chs\ A\pKX\mbn cnpp. Xmg
t Xmb h \nbnIqSn ]rYnhn Chs\ A\pKX\m
bncn pp. apIfn es It]mfbnIqSn tZymhv
Chs\ A\zmb bmbncn pp. C{]Imcw B Adnbp
pthm Ah\v Aw bnbn.
23. D] XtZj tmtIm `hXn,
B An Xmsgdbp tmIw Dv.
a{w ""Ahm Kzn e ak Du[z _p v \ kv X
I K
N P
298
kv an itbm \nlnXw hniz cq]w; Xkym f f
kX E jbx k]v X Xotc; hmK ao {_Wm''
kwhnZm\m CXn.
Iogv `mKv hnetmSpIqSn bXpw ASn `mKw tah
imbnpXpw Bb Nakw (tkmackw {Klnp
Xn \p Hcp ]m{Xw) Dv . B ]m{Xn hnizcq]amb
\m\mcq]amb b iv \nlnXambncn pp. AXns Xoc
n Ggv EjnI Ccnpp. {_ tmSv i_vZcmin
tbmSv kwhmZs sNp hmv Fmat XmIpp.
24. D]""AmKzneak Duz]pvd'' CXn
CZw Xncx, GjlymKzneak Du[z\
_p[v\x. Xkvan btim \nlnXw hnizcq] anXn.
{]mWm ssh btim hniz cq]w {]mWm t\X
Zml ""Xky f f kX Ejbx k]vX Xotc''
CXn. {]mWm hm Ejbx. {]mWmt\ XZml.
"" hmK ao { _Wm kwhn Zm\m'' CXn .
hmKvLyao {_Wmkwhn t.
""Ahm...vdx'' FXns hymJym\w ]dbpp:
CXvC Xn ]dbpp Na kwIcWmI\mb apJy{]m
Ws {]Xym[m\ amb inc mIpp. CXv Iogvhip Ipgn
bpXpw NphSp`mKw tahimbnp Xpamb Na k
amWtm. ""Xkvan..cq]w.'' F Xns Aw ]dbpp
\m\mcq]amb biv {]mW fmIpp. ta]d
""Xkvan'' CXymZn hmIyw {]mW se dbpp. ""Xkym
Xosc'' Fp Xns\ hymJym\npp Ejn I Fp
]dbpXv {]mW fmIpp. Cu hmIyw {]mW sfd
bpp. ""hmKZm\m'' F Xns Aw ]dbppFm
atXmb hmv {_tmSv i_vZcmintbmSvkwhm
Zs sNpptm.
25. D] C am thh tKmX a `cZzmsPu; Ab tah
tKmXax; Ab tah `c ZzmPxC amthh hnizm
an{X PaZn; Abtah hnizman{Xx; Abw P
aZnx. Camthh hknjvT Iiy]u; Abtah
hknjv Tx; Abw Iiy]x, hmtK hmv dnx;
hmNm lyaZytX. Anl ssh \mssa XZv
bZ v dn cn Xn. kh kym m ` h Xn. kha
kymw `hXn, b Ghw thZ.
Ch Xs tKmXa`c ZzmPm. Ch Xt tKmXa.
Ch `c ZzmP\mIpp. ChXs hnizman{X\pw PaZ
nbpw AhXt hnizman{X. Ch PaZnbmIpp.
Ch Xs hknjvT\pw Iiy]\pw. Ch Xs hkn
jv T. Ch Iiy]\mIpp. hmpXs A{n. hmn
\m XsbmWtm Aw AZnsSpXv. A{n
Fp ]dbpXp GtXm CXv An FXp XsbmIp
p. C{]Imcw B Adnbp pthm Ah Fm A n
sbpw Amhmbn ocpw Chv Fmw Aambn
o cpw.
aqmw {_mWw
26. D]tZz hmh {_mtWm cqt], aqw ssN
hm aqw N, ayw NmarXw N, nXw N
b, k Xyw N.
{_ns cq] aqhpw Aaqhpw cp
Xs. B aqmaq cq] ayhpw AarXhpw,
nXhpw bpw kpw Xyhpw BIpp.
27. D]XtZX qm, bZkyZv hmtbmmcn
m, GXy, taXXv nX, taXXv kXv.
Xssky Xky aqssky Xky ay
ssky Xky n XsskyXky kX Gj
ctkm, b GjX]Xn; ktXm tlyj ckx
hmbphn\npw A con\npw A\yambp
Xv GtXm AXmWv aqw. CXmWp ayw; CXmWp
nXw; CXmWp kv. As\bp Cu aqn
s, Cu ayns, Cu nXns, Cu kns
ckamWv Cu X]np Xv. Ch Cu khnXmhv kns
ckamW tm.
28. D] AYmaqw hmbpmcow N. GXZ
arX. taXZy, tZXyw. Xssky Xkym aq
ssky Xkym arXsskyXky bX GXky Xy
sskyjctkm, b Gj GXkvante ]pcp
jx. Xykytlyj ckx CXy[nssZhXw.
C\n Aaq sap ]dbpXv hmbphpw Aco
hpamIpp. CXmWv AarXw; CXmWv bv, CXmWv Xyw.
A s\ bp Cu Aaqns Asn Cu Aar
X ns, Asn Cu bns, Asn Cu
Xyns ckamWv, Cu aenep ]pcpj Btcm
Ch. Cu ]pcpj Xyns ckamWtm. Cs\
A[nssZhXw.
29. D]AYm[ymw C Zta haqw bZXXv {]m
Wm; bmbacmmImix GXy,
taX v Yn X, taX Xv . Xssk Xky aq
sskyXky aysskyXky n X sskyX
kyX Gjctkmbpx ktXmtlyj ckx
A\ cw A[ymap aqmaq fpsS hn`m
Ks ]dbpp: {]mW\n\npw, Bmhns Dnep
icocn\pnep Cu BImiw GtXm AXn \npw
A\yambpXv GtXm CXpX s bmWv aq amb {_
ns cq]w. CXmWp ayw; CXmWp nXw; CXmWv
kv. A s\ bp Cu aqns Asn Cu
ayns Asn Cu nXns Asn
Cu kns ckamWv, Npsp ]dbpXv . CXv
kns ckamWtm.
I K
N P
299
30. D] AYmaqw, {]mW, bmbacm
mImix. GX Z ar Xw, GX Zy, tZX Xv Xyw. X
sskyXkymarXsskyXky bX GXky Xy
sskyjctkm, tbm f bw ZntW f
]pcp jx Xyky tlyj ckx
C\n {]mW\pw icoc n\pn Cu BImiw GtXm
AXpw AaqamIpp CXmWv AarXw, CXmWv bp;
CXmWv Xyw. As\ bp Cu Aaq n s, As
n Cu AarX ns As n Cu bn s, As
n Cu Xyns ckamWv, ZnWamb Anbn
Cu ]pcpj Btcm, Ah CXv Xyns ckamWtm.
31. D] Xky sslXky ]pcpjky cq]w bYm
almcP\w hmtkm, bYm]mzmhnIw, btY
{tKmt]m, bXmyn, cyY ]pcoIw, bYm
kIrZznZypw kIrZznZypth lhm Aky
{io`hXn, b Ghw thZ
As\ bp Cu enMv Km I\mb ]pcpjs cq]w,
ambn aqnb hkv {Xwt]msebpw ]mph
amb BntcmawsImp hkv{Xwt]msebpw C{ tKm
]wt]msebpw AnPzmet]msebpw, shfp Xmac qhp
t]msebpw BIpp. C{]Imcw Bcv Adnbppthm Chv
Hcn an annb Xpt]msebp {io (JymXn) D
m Ipw.
32. D] AYmX BtZtim t\Xn, t\Xn. \tly
XkvamZnXnt\ Xy\yXv ]cakvXn. AY \mat[
bw kXyky kXyaoXn. {]mWm ssh kXyw
tXjmtaj kXyw
A\ cw BtZiw {_ns \ntiw ""C{]Imc
apX C{]Imc ap X'' F XmIpp. ""C{]Imcap
X Fp Xns\m IqSpXemb thsd \nti\w C
tm. C\n, {_ ns \mat[bw kXyns kXyw,''
FXmIpp. kXysap ]dbpXv {]mWfmIpp.
B {]mWp kXyambnpXv CXmIpp.
\memw {_mWw
33. D] ""ssat{Xbn'' XntlmhmN bmhmevIy
""DtZymky hm Atc f la kvamXv m\m
Zkvan; l tX f \bm Im Xym b\ym f w
IchmWo'' Xn
bm hev Iy ""Atbm ssat{Xbn!'' Fp hnfnnv
]dp: ""tl! Rm Cu m\p \nv Cu Kml
ym{ian\nv apIfn t]mIp Xn\v B{Kl ap
h\mbncnpp. Ctm \n\p Cu ImXymb\ntbmSv
A s kw_hntZs sNphm'' t]mIpp.
34. D] k tlmhmN ssat{Xbn ""bp a Cbw
`tKmx khm]rYnhohnt\ ]qWm kymXv
IYw tX\marXm kym'' anXn. t\ Xntlm hmN
bm hev tIym ""bssY thm ] I c WhXmw
PohnXw XssYh tX PohnXw kymXv, AarX
Xky Xp \m f f imkvXn hntt\'' Xn
B ssat{Xbn ]dp: ""Atbm `Khmt\! F\nv
Cu ]rYnhn apgph hnwsIm ]qbmbn XocpI
bmsWn AXpsImv Rm Aar Xbmbnocptam?''.
bmhev Iy ""C'' Fp ]dnv ]dp: ""D]Ic
W D hcpsS PohnXw F{]Imc ambncnptam, AXp
t]mse Xs \ns Pohn Xhpw Bbncn pw. hnw sIm
v hn kmyamb IwsImv AarXXzkmZ\ n
\mIs Bit]mepan''.
35. D] km tlm hmN ssat{X bn "" tb \mlw \m
arXm kymw, Inalw tX\ Ipcymw? btZh
`Khm thZ, XtZh ta {]{_qlo'' Xn
B ssat{Xbn ]dp: ""GXpsImv Rm AarX
bmbnocpIbntbm, AXpsImv B hnwsImv
Rm FpsNpw? GXns\bmtWm `Kh AdnbpXv
AXns\ s F\np ]dpX cnI'' Fv.
36. D] tlmhmN bmhevIyx {]nbm _ Xmtc,
\x kXo {]nbw `mjk, Glymz: hymJym
kymantX; hymNmWky Xp ta \n Zn[ymk
tkzXn.
B bmhmev Iy ]dp: ""Atbm ssat{Xbo,
\o \app {]nb bmbncpp. {]nb ambn p Xn s\Nn m
\pIqeambnpXns\ `mjWw sNpp. hcnI; CcnpI;
\n\p hymJym\npXcmw]d pXcmw. Fm hymJym
\np Fs hmIysf \o \nZn [ymk\w sNbvXpsIm
Ww; AXmbXv A\nbw hcpn [ym\nphm
Cnp sIm Ww.''
37. D] ktlmhmN\ hm Atc, ]Xypx Imamb
]Xnx {]ntbm `hXn; B \kvXp Imamb ]
Xnx {]ntbm `hXn, \ hm Atc, Pmbm ssb
Imamb Pmbm {]nbm `hXn; B\kvXp Imam
b Pmbm{]nbm `hXn. \hm Atc, ]p{XmWmw
Imamb ]p{Xmx {]nbm `hn; B \kv Xp
Imamb ]p{Xmx {]nbm `h n. \ hm Atc,
hnky Imamb hnw {]nbw `hXn; B
\kvXp Imamb hnw {]nbw `h Xn. \ hm
Atc {_Wx Imamb {_ {]nbw `hXn;
B \kv Xp Imamb {_ {]nbw `hXn. \
hm Atc, v dky Imamb v dw {]nbw
`hXn. B\kv Xp Imamb v dw {]nbw
`hXn. \ hm Atc, temIm\mw Imamb temImx
{]nbm `hn; B\kv Xp Imamb temImx
I K
N P
300
{]nbm `hn. \ hm Atc, tZhm\mw Imamb
tZhmx {]nbm `hn; B \kv Xp Imamb
tZhmx {]nbm `hn. \ hm Atc `qXm\mw
Imamb `qXm\n {]nbmWn `hn; B\kvXp
Imamb `qXm\n {]nbmWn `hn. \ hm Atc,
khky Imamb khw {]nbw `hXn; B
\kvXp Imamb khw {]nbw `hXn. Bm
hm Atc {Zhyx t{imXthym athym \nZn
[ymknX thym ssat{Xbn. Bt\m hm Atc
Zi t\\ {ih tW\ aXym hnmt\ t\Zw
khw hnZnXw.
B bm hevIy ]dp: ""Abtbm ssat{Xbn:
]XnbpsS Ima n \mbnv {]tbmP\n \mbnv Atm
]Xn {]nb \mbncnp Xv. ]nstbm Xs {]tbmP\n
\mbn mWv ]Xn {]nb \mbncn p Xv. Abtbm ssat{X
bn, Pmb bpsS {]tbmP \n\mbnv Atm Pmb {]nb
bmbncnpXv ; ]nstbm Xs {]tbmP\ n\mbnmWv
Pmb {]nbbmbncp Xv. Atbm ssat{Xbn, ]p{XmcpsS
{]tbmP\n\mbnv Atm, ]p{Xm {]nb mcmbncnp
Xv; ]nstbm Xs {]tbmP \ n\mbn mWv ]p{Xm
{]nbmcmbncnp Xv. Atbm ssat{Xbn hn ns
{]tbmP\ n\mbntm hnw {]nb ambncn pXv;
]nstbm Bmhns {]tbmP \ n \mbnmWv hnw
{]nb ambn cnp Xv . Atbm ssat{Xbn, {_mWPmXn
bpsS {]tbmP\n\mbn tm {_ PmXn {]nb ambncn
pXv ; ]ns tbm, Bmhns {]tbmP\ n\mbnmWv
{_mWPmXn {]nb ambncnpXv. Atbm ssat{Xbn,
vdnb PmXnbpsS {]tbmP \ n\mbntm vdn
b PmXn {]nb ambncnpXv; Bmhns {]tbmP\ n
\mbn mWv vdnb PmXn {]nbambn cn p Xv. Atbm
ssat{Xbn, temIfpsS {]tbmP\ n\mbntm temI
{]nb Ifmbncn pXv ; ]nstbm Bmhns
{]tbmP\ n\mbnmWv temI {]nbfmbncnp
Xv. Atbm ssat{Xbn, tZhmcpsS {]tbmP\n\mbn
tm tZhm {]nb mcmbncnpXv ; ]ns tbm, Bm
hns {]tbmP\ n\mbn mWv tZhm {]nbmcmbn cn
pXv. Atbm ssat{Xbn, `qXfpsS {]tbmP \n
\mbn tm `qX {]nb fmbncnpXp ]nstbm
Bmhns {]tbmP\n\mbnmWv `qX {]nb fm
bn cnpv. Atbm ssat{X bn, knsbpw {]tbm
P \ n \m bn tm khhpw {]nb am bn cn p Xv ;
]nstbm Bm hns {]tbm P \ n \m bn mWv
khpw {]nbam bn cn p Xv . Atbm ssat{X bn,
Bmhp Zin s tSXpw, {ihns tSXpw, a\\w
sNs tSXpw, \nZn [ymk\w sNs tS Xpw BIp
p. Atbm ssat{X bn, Bmhns Zi\wsImpw,
{ihWw sImpw, hnm\wsImpw, a\\w sImpw
CsXmw hnZnX ambnocpp. Adn b s Xmbnocpp.
38. D] {_ Xw ]cmZmtZym\y{Xm ff t\m {_
_ thZ. {w Xw ]cmZmZv tbm f \y{Xm
\x Xv{Xw thZ temImkvXw ]cmZptcym f
\ym{Xm f f t\m temIm thZ. tZhmkvXw
]cmZptcym f \y {Xm ff t\m tZhm thZ.
`qXm\n Xw ]cmZptcym f \y{Xm f f t\m
`qXm\n thZ. khw Xw ]cmZmZv tbm f \y{Xm
ff \x khw thZ. CZw {_tZw Xv{X
anta temIm Cta tZhm Cam\n _qXm \oZw
khw bZamm.
BcmtWm Bmhn\nv A\yambn {_s{_m
W PmXnsb Adnbp Xv, Ahs\ {_ {_mWPmXn
]pcpjmn\nv AIpw. BcmtWm Bm
hn\np thsdbmbn {XnbPmXnsb AdnbpXv
Ahs\ Xv{Xnb PmXn ]cmIcn pwAIpw. BcmtWm
Bmhn\np thsdbmbn temIsf AdnbpXv,
Ahs\ temI ]cmIcn pw. BcmtWm Bm
hn\nv A\ycmbn tZhmsc Adnbp Xv, Ahs\ tZh
m ]cmIcnpw. BcmtWm Bmhn\nv A\y
fmbn `qXsf AdnbpXv Ahs\ `qX ssIhey
n\nv AIpw. BcmtWm Bmhn\nv A\y
ambn ktbpw AdnbpXv, Ahs\ khpw ]pcp
jmn\nv AIpw. Cu {_m WPmXnbpw Cu
Xv {Xnb PmXnbpw Cu temIepw Cu tZhmcpw, Cu
`qXfpw, Cu khpw, Cu Bmhv GtXm CXpX
sbmWv .
39. D]k bYmZppt`l\yam\ky \ _mlym
Rv K_v ZmRv iIv \p bmZv {Kl Wmb; Zpp
t`kv Xp {Kl tW \, Zpp `ym Lm Xky hm
i_vtZm KrloXx.
B Zrmw Fs\ Fm,l \yam\ amb Zw
apXemb XpsImpw ASn s Sp Zpp`nbpsS s]cp
dbpsS_mlyfmb i_vZ sf_ln`qX fmb i_vZ
hntijsf {Klnp Xn\v IgnIbn. ]ns tbm, Zpp
`nbptStbm Zpp`ni_vZkmam\yns tbm, Zpp`nbpsS
BLmXnstbm {Kl Wm i_vZwi_vZhntijw
{Kln s Xmbnocpp.
40. D] k bYm iMvJky [vambam\ky \ _m
lymRv i_vZmRv iIv\pbmZv {KlWmb; iMv
Jky Xp {KltW\ iMvJ[vaky hm i_vtZm
KrloXx
B Zrmw Fs\ Fm, DuXsSp iMvJns
_mly fmb i_vZsf _ln`qX fmb i_vZhnti
jsf {KlnpXn\v IgnIbn. ]ns tbm, iMvJnt
tbm, iMvJ i_vZkmam\ynstbm, iMv Jw DuXp
Xnstbm {KlWm i_vZw, iwJ i_v Zns
hntijw {Kln sXmbn ocpp.
I K
N P
301
41. D] k bYm ho Wmssb hmZy am \m ssb \
_mlymRv i_vZmRv iIv\pbmZv {KlWmb.
hoWmssb Xp{KltW\, hoWmhmZky hm i
_vtZm KrloXx
AXp Fs\ Fm, hmZ\w sNsSp hoW
bpsS _ln`qX fmb i_v Zhntijsf {Klnp
Xn\v IgnbpIbn. ]nstbm, hoWbpsStbm hoWmhmZ
\ nstbm {Kl Wm i_vZw, hoWmi_vZhntijw
{Kln s Xmbnocpp.
42. D]k bYm f f ss{Z [mtc`ymln XmXv
]rYKv [qam hn\nmctyhw hm Atc f ky
altXm `qXky \niz knX ta XZv bZr tKz tZm,
bPq tZx, kmathtZm f Ymw MvKnck,
CXn lm kx, ]pcm Ww, hn Zym, D] \n jZx,
tmImx, kq{XmWy.\p hymJym\m\n, hymJym
\m\yssky sshXm\n \nizknXm\n
B Zrmw Fs\ Fm, Iqs ncnp ]
hn dtImSpIqSnb Anbn \nv ]e {]Imcn [qa
Fs\ ]pds Sppthm, C{]Imcw Xs Atbm
ssat{Xbn, Cu almb `qXns \nizknXamWv, EtKz
Zsapw, bPqtZsapw, kmathZsapw, AYmMv Kn
cksa pw, CXnlmksapw, ]pcmWsa pw, hnZyIsf
pw, D]\njpIsf pw, tmIsfpw, kq{X sf
pw, A\phymJym\ sfpw, hymJym\ sfpw D
Xv , Ch Cu almb `qXnsXs \nizknXfm
Ipp.
43. D] k bYmkkma]mw kap{Z GImb
\tahw kjmw kv ]im\mw XztK Im b\w;
Ghw ktjmw Km\mw \mkntI GImb\w;
Ghw ktjmw ckm\mw PnsslzImb\w;
Ghw ktjmw cq]mWmw NpcmImb\w;
Ghw ktjmw f_vZm\mw t{im{X taImb\w;
Ghw ktjmw kev]m\mw a\ GImbm\w;
Ghw kmkw hnZym\mw lrZbtaImb\w;
Ghw ktjmw IWmw lkvXmthImb\w;
Ghw ktjmam\m\map] GImb\w;
Ghw ktjmw hnkmWmw ]mbptcImb
\w Ghw kthjma[z\mw ]mZmthImb\w;
Ghw Zkthjmw thZm\mw hmtKImb\w
{]fb {]Zi\ n\mbp Zrmw ]dbpp. GXp
{]Imc amtWm Fm ApIpw kap{Zw, Pekmam\yw
GImb\ ambncnp XvHtc Hcp {]f bm\ambn cn p
Xv , A{]Imcw Fm kv]ipw, XzvXz Kzn jb
amb kv]i\ kmam\yw, GImb\ amIpp. C{]Imcw
Fm Kpw \mknI {LmWhnjb kmam\yw,
GImb\ amIpp. C{]Imcw Fm ckpw Pnlz
Pntlz{nb hnjb kmam\yw, GImb \ amIpp. C{]Imcw
Fm cq]pw NpvNphnjb kmam\yw, GIm
b\amIpp. C{]Imcw Fm i_vZpw t{im{Xwt{im
{Xhnjbkmam\yw, GImb\amIpp. C{]Imcw Fm
kev ]pw a\ vat\mhnjbkmam\yw, GImb\
amIpp. C{]Imcw Fm hnZyIpw lrZbw _pn hn
jb kmam\yw, GImb \ amIpp. C{]Imcw Fm BZm\
hntijpw lkv X l kv Xhnjb kmam\yamb
BZm\ kmam\yw, GImb \ amIpp. C{]Imcw Fm hnZy
Ipw lrZbw _pnhn jbkmam\yw. GImb\ amIp
p. C{]Imcw Fm BZmb hntijpw lkvX
lkvX hnjb kmam\yamb BZmb kmam\yw, GImb\
amIpp. C{]Imcw Fm B\ pw D]w B\
kmam\yw GImb\amIpp. C{]Imcw Fm hnkK
pw ]mbp hnkKkmam\yw, GImb\amIpp.
C{]Imcw Fm Ka\pw ]mZKa\ kmam\yw,
GImb \ amIpp. C{]Imcw Fm thZpwFm hZ
\hntijpw hmv hZ\ kmam\yw, GImb \am
Ipp.
44. D] k bYm sskhJney DZtI {]mkvX
DZItahm\phneotbX; \lmtkymZv {KlWm
bkym Xv , btXm b X kv Xzm Z ZoX eh W tah
Ghw hm Ac CZw alZv `qX a \ a ]mcw
hn m \ L\ Gh, GtXt`ym `q tX`yx
kapmb Xmt\yhm\p hn\iyXn; \ t{]Xy
kwm f kv XoXytc {_ho aoXn tlmhmN
bmhev yx
AXv Fs\ Fm ""Pen {]mkvXamb {]n
]vXamb, sskhJneyw DpIjWw DZIns ]nm
seXs hnebnpp. Cu sskhJneyns DZv{K
lWn \vaptbp nXn bn ep {Kl Wn\v Hcp
h\pw i\mIbn . Fm FhnsS FhnsS \nv
BZm\w sNppthmFSpp cqNn pt\mppthm,
AhnsS bhnsS DpXs Bbn cnpw. C{]Imcw Xs,
Atbm ssat{Xbn, Cu almb `qXw, A\hpw
B]mchpw Bb hnm\L\w Xs Cu `qX fn#\nv
kapm\w sNbvXnv, AhbpsS ]nmseXs hn\m
is {]m]npp. t{]X\mb Xns tijw kwhn
tijWkw C. Fv Atbm ssat{Xbn, Rm ]d
bpp.'' Fv bmhevy ]dp.
45. D] kmtlmhmN ssat{Xbo ""Ass{Xham `K
hm \aqapl t{]Xykwm f kvXoXn.'' k
tlmhmN ""\ hm Ac Alw tamlw {_hoan.
Aew hm Ac CZw hnm\mb''
ssat{Xbn ]dp: acnXntijw hnm\ L\
amb CXnXs kw C, Fp ]dv `Khm
Fs tamlnnncnpp. bmevy ]dp:
I K
N P
302
""Atbm ssat{Xbo, Rm tamls taml P \Iamb
hmIys ]dbpn, Cu al mb `qXw hnm\n\v
aXn bmIpw.''
46. D] b{X ln ssZzXanh `hXn XZnXc PXcw
Pn{LXn XZnX c CXcw ]iyXn, XZn X c CXcw
irtWmXn, XZnXcCXca`ohZXn XZnXc CXcw
a\ptX, XZnXcCXcw hnPm\mZn. b{Xhm Aky
khamsshm `qXv, XXv. tI\Iw Pnt{LXv?,
XXv tI\Iw ]tiyXv XXv tI\Iw irWpbmXv?
XXv tI\I`nhtZXv? XXv tI\Iw a\zoX? XXv
tI\Iw hnPm\obmXv? tb t\Zw khw hnPm
\mXn Xw tI\ hnPm\nbmXv? hnmXmcatc
tI\ hnPm\obmXv? CXn.
GXp Jney`mhn, GXp ImcWm ssZzXw
t]mse DmbncnppthmImWs Sppthm BJney
`mhn B Imc Wm, CXc\mb{LmXmhv CXc amb
{LmWhnjbs {LmWnpp. B Jney`mhn CX
c\mb {`mhv CXc amb Nphnjbs ImWpp. B
Jney`mhn CXc \mb t{imXmhv CXc amb i_vZs
{ihnpp. B Jney`mhn CXc \mb hmhv CXc
amb h hys A`nhZnpp. B Jney`mhn CX
c \mb amhv CXc amb ahys a\\w sNpp. B
Jney `m hn CX c \mb hnm Xmhp CX c amb
hnt bs Adnbpp. FtmgmtWm Ch\vCu {_
hnn\v Fmw BmhpXs bmbn XocpXv Atm
GXp IcWwsImv GXp hnjbs {LmWnpw?
Atm GXp IcWwsImv GXp hnjbs Zinpw?
Atm GXp IcWwsImv GXp hnjbs {ihnpw?
Atm GXp Ic WwsImv GXp hnjbs A`nh
Znpw? Atm GXp Ic WwsImv GXp hnjbs
a\\w sNpw? Atm GXp Ic Ww sImv GXp hnj
bs Adnbpw? GXp IqS t_mZm hym]vXambnp
Cu ktbpw Adnbppthm, B kmnsb GXp
IcWw sImv Adnbpw? Atbm ssat{Xbn, hnmXm
hns\ GXp Ic Ww sImv Adnbpw?
Amw {_mWw
47. D] Cbw ]rYnho kthjmw `qXm\mw [p;
Assky ]rYnsshy khmWn `qXm\n a[p;
b mbakymw ]rYnhymw tXtPmatbm f arX
abx ]pcp tjm, bm a ymw imco c kv tX
tPmatbm f arX abx ]pcptjm f btah k
tbm f bam t ZaarX, anZw {_t, Zw khw
Cu ]rYnh Fm `qXfptSbpw a[phmIpp. Cu
]rYn hnbn tXtPmab\pw AarXab\pw Bb Cu ]pcp
j Btcm Ah\pw Fm `qXfpsSbpw a[phmIpp.
Fm `qXfpw Chsbpw a[phmIpp. A[ymambn
icoc n nXnsNp h\pw tXtPma b\pw AarXa
b\pamb Cu ]pcpj GtXm Ah\pw Fm `qXfp
tSbpw a[phmIpp. Fm `qXfpw Chsbpw a[phm
Ipp. Cu BmshXv GtXm AXv CXpX s. AarX
sap ]dXv AarXXz km[\amb Bhnm\w
CXmIpp. {_ saXv CXmWv. khm]v Xn km[ \ amb
{_hnm\w CXmIpp.
48. D] Cam B]x kthjmw `qXm\mw a[p.
Bkma]mw khmWn `qXm\na[p bmb am
kz ]v kp tXtPm atbm f arX abx ]pcpjx
bmb aymw sscX k kv tX tPm atbm f
arX abx ]pcp jx; Abtahktbm f bamm;
CZaarXw; CZw {_; CZw khw
Cu ApI Fm `qX fptSbpw a[phmIpp. Fm
`qX fpw Cu ApIfpsS a[phmIpp. Cu ApIfn
tXtPmab\pw AarX ab\pw Bb Cu ]pcpj Btcm,
Ah\pw Fm `qXfptSbpw a[phmIpp. Fm `qX
fpw Chsbpw a[phmIpp. A[ymambn tcXn
nXnsNp h\pw tXtPma b\pw AarX ab\pamb Cu
]pcpj Btcm Ah\pw Fm `qX fptSbpw a[phmIp
p. Fm `qX fpw Chsbpw a[phmIpp. Cu
Bmhv GtXm AXv CXpXs BIpp. AarXw Aar
XXzkm[\amb Bhnm\w CXmWv . {_saXv
CXmWv . kwkm]v Xnkm[ \ amb {_hnm\w
C XmIpp.
49. D]Abanx kthjmw `qXm\mw a[p. A
kymtx khmWn `qXm\n a[p. bmbakvan
u tXtPm atbm f arX abx ]pcp tjm,
bmb a[ymw hmMv a b kv tX tPm atbm f
arX abx ]pcp jx. Ab ta hk tbm f bam
m, CZaarXw, CZw {_, CZw kw.
Cu An Fm `qXfptSbpw a[phmIpp. Fm
`qX fpw Cu AnbpsS a[phmIpp. Cu Anbn
tXtPmab\pw AarXab \pamb Cu ]pcpj Btcm
Ah\pw Fm `qXfptSbpw a[phmIpp. Fm `qX
fpw Chsbpw a[phmIpp. A[ymambn hmMva b
\pw, tXtPmab\pw, AarXab\pw Bb Cu ]pcpj
Btcm Ah\pw Fm `qX fptSbpw a[phmIpp.Fm
`qXfpw Chsbpw a[phmIpp. Cu Bmhv GtXm
AXv CXpXs. AarXXzkm[\ amb Bhnm\w CXm
Ipp. {_w CXmIpp. km]vXnkm[\amb {_
hnm\w CXmIpp.
50. D]Abw hmbpx ktjmw `qXm\mw a[p.
Akyhmtbmx khmWn `qXm\n a[p. bm
ba [ymw {]mWkv tXtPmatbm f arX abx
]pcpjx, Abtah k tbm f bamm; CZ a
arXw; CZw{_ ; CZw kw
I K
N P
303
Cu hmbp Fm `qXfptSbpw a[phmIpp. Fm
`qX fpw Cu hmbphns a[phmIpp. Cu hmbphn
tXtPmab\pw AarXab \pamb Cu ]pcpj Btcm
Ah\pw Fm `qXeptSbpw a[phmIpp. Fm `qX
fpw Chsbpw a[phmIpp. Aymambn {]mW\m
bncnp tXtPma b \pw, AarXab\pamb Cu ]pcpj
Btcm Ah\pw Fm `qXpw a[phmIpp. Fm
`qX fpw Ch\pw a[phmIpp. Cu Bhv GtXm AXv
CXpXs; Cu \membn ]dXpXs; BIpp. Aar
XXz tlXphmb Bhnm\w, {_w, Cu \mephn[
n ep Iev]\bv p A[njvTm\ambnpXmIpp.
km]v X km[ \ amb {_ hnm\w CXmIpp.
51. D] A b am ZnXyx ktjmw `qXm\mw a[px
Akym f f ZnXy ky khmWn `qXm\n a[p.
b mbakvanmZntXy tXtPmatb f arX abx
]pcp tjm, bmba[ymw NpjkvtXtPm
atbm f arXabx ]pcpjx Abtah k tbm f
bamm; CZaarX; CZw {_; CZw kw.
Cu BZnXy Fm `qX pw a[phmIpp. Fm
`qXfpw Cu BZnXy\pw a[phmIpp. Cu BZnXy\n
tXtPmab\pw AarXab a\pamb Cu ]pcpj Btcm
Ah\pw Fm `qXpw a[phmIpp. Fm `qXfpw
Chpw a[phmIpp. A[ym ambn Npn nXn
sNp, tXtPmab\pw AarXab\pw Bb Cu ]pcpj
Btcm Ah\pw Fm `qXpw a[phmIpp. Fm
`qXfpw Chpw a[phmIpp. Cu Bmhv GtXm AXv
CXpX s. AarXwAarXXzkm[ \ amb B hnm\w
CXmIpp. {_w CXmIpp. km]vXnkm[\amb
{_hnm\w CXmWv .
52. D] Cam Znix kthhjmw `qXm\mw a[p; B
kmw Znimw kmWn `qXm\n a[p; bmbam
kpZnp tXtPmatbm f arX abx ]pcptjm b
mb a[ymw {iu{Xx {]Xn{ipXvIkvtXtPm
atbm f arXabx ]pcpjx; Ab ta h ktbm f
bamm; CZ aarXw; CZw {_; CZw kw
Cu ZnpI Fm `qXpw a[phmIpp. Fm
`qXfpw Cu ZnpIpw a[phmIpp. Cu ZnpI
fn tXtPmab\pw AarXab \pamb Cu ]pcpj Btcm,
Ah\pw Fm `qXpa a[phmIpp. Fm `qXepw
Chpw a[phmIpp. A[ym ambn t{im{Xn kvXnXn
sNph\pw, {]mXn{ipXn I\pw {]Xn{ipXnIbn, AXm
bXv {]Xn {ihWthf bn, hntijnp kn lnX\mbncn
ph\pwBb tXtPmab\pw, AarXab \pamb Cu
]pcpj Btcm Ah\pw Fm `qXpw a[phmIp
p. Fm `qXfpw Chpw a[phmIpp. Cu Bmhv
GtXm AXv XsbmWv, AarXXzkm[ \amb Bhn
m\w. {_w CXmIpp? km]vXnkm[ \ amb {_
hnm\w CXmIpp.
53. D] Abw N{x ktjmw `qXm\mw a[p;
Aky N{ky kmWn `qXm\n a[p; bm
b akvanwt{ tXtPmatbm f arXabx ]pcp
tjm, bmb a[ymw am\kkvtXtPmatbm
f arXabx ]pcpjx, Abtah ktbm f bam
m, CZaarXw, CZw {_, CZw kw.
Cu N{ Fm `qXpw a[phmIpp. Fm `qX
fpw Cu N{\p a[phmIpp. Cu N{\n tXtPma
b\pw AarXab \pamb Cu ]pcpj Btcm Ah\pw
Fm `qXpw a[phmIpp. Fm `qXfpw Chpw
a[phmIpp. A[ymambn a\n nXnsNp,
tXtPmab\pw AarXab \pamb Cu ]pcpj Btcm
Ah\pw Fm `qXpw a[phmIpp. Fm `qXfpw
Chpw a[phmIpp. Cu Bmhv GtXm AXv CXpX
s. AarXkm[\amb Bhnm\w CXmIpp.
{_w CXmWv. km]vXn km[\amb {_ hnm\hpw
CXpX s.
54. D]Cbw hnZypXv kthjmw `qXm\mw a[px
Assky hnZypXx khmWn `qXm\n a[p.
bmbakymw hnZypXn tXtPmatbm f arX abx
]p cp tjm, biv Nmb a[ymw ssXP k
kvtXtPmatbm f arXabx ]pcpjx; Abtahk
tbm f bamm; CZ a arXw; CZw {_; CZw
khw
Cu hnZypv Fm `qX pw a[phmIpp. Fm
`qX fpw Cu hnZypn\p a[phmIpp. Cu hnZypn
tXtPmab\pw AarXab \pamb Cu ]pcpj Btcm
Ah\pw Fm `qXpw a[phmIpp. Fm `qXfpw
Ch\pw a[phmIpp. A[ymambn Xznep tXPn
nXn sNp tXtPmabpw AarXa b\pamb Cu ]pcp
j Btcm Ah\pw Fm `qXpw a[phmIpp.
Fm `qXfpw Chpw a[phmIpp. Cu Bmhv
GtXm AXv AarX Xz km[\ amb Bhn m\w BIp
p. {_w CXmIpp. km]vXn km[ \amb {_ hn
m\w CXmWv .
55. D] Abw kvX\ bnXv\px kthjmw `qXm\mw
a[p; Aky kvX\ bnXvt\m; khmWn `qXm\n
a[p bmb akv an kv X\ bn Xv \u
tXtPmatbm f arX abx ]pcptjm, bm b a
[ymw im_vZx kuhckvtXtPmatbm f arX
abx ]pcpjx Ab tah k tbm f bmamm,
CZaarXw, CZw {_, CZw khw
Cu kv X\ bnXv \p AYhm ]P \y Fm `qX
pw a[phmIpp. Fm `qX fpw Cu Cu kv X\
bnXv\phnv a[phmIpp. Cu kvX\ bnXv\phn tXtPm
ab\pw AarXab \pamb Cu ]pcpj Btcm Ah\pw
Fm `qXpw a[phmIpp. Fm `qXfpw Ch\pw
I K
N P
304
a[phmIpp. A[ymXvaambn kzc n hntijnv kn
ln X\mbpw, i_vZn nXn sNpXh\mbpw Ccn
p tXtPmab\pw AarXab\pamb Cu ]pcpj Btcm
Ah\pw Fm `qXpw a[phmIpp. Fm `qXfpw
Ch\pw a[phmIpp. Cu Bmhv, AarXXzkm[\ amb
Bhn m\w, CXmIpp. {_w CXmIpp. km
]v Xnkm[ \ amb {_hnm\w CXmIpp.
56. D] AbamImix kthjmw `qXm\mw a[p;,
Akym f f Imiky khmWn `qXm\n a[p;
b mb a kv an m Imti tXtPmatbm f arX
abx ]p cptjm, bmba[ymw lrZymImi
kvtX tPma tbm f arXabx ]pcpj Abta h
ktbm f bam m; CZaarXw; CZw {_ CZw
khw
Cu BImiw Fm `qXpw a[phmIpp. Fm
`qX fpw Cu BImin\pw a[phmIpp. Cu BImi
n D tXtPma b\pw AarXab \pamb Cu ]pcpj
Btcm Ah\pw, A[ym ambn lrZb nep BImi
amb tXtPmab\pw, AarXab \pamb Cu ]pcpj Btcm
Ah\pw, Cu Bmhv GtXm AXv CXpXs. AarX Xz
km[\ amb B hnm\w CXmWv . {_w CXmIpp.
khm]v Xnkm[ \amb {_ hnm\w CXmIpp.
57. D]Abw [x kthjmw `qXm\mw a[px
Aky[ky khmWn `qXm\n a[p bm
ba kv an [t tXtPm atbm f arX abx
]pcptjm, bm b a [ymw [ kv tX tPm
atbm f arXabx ]pcpjx, Abtah ktbm f
bamm: CZaarXw; CZw {_; CZw khw
Cu [w Fm `qXpw a[phmIpp. Fm `qX
fpw Cu [n\pw a[phmIpp. Cu [n
tXtPmab\pw AarXab \pamb Cu ]pcpj Btcm Ah
\pw, A[ymambn [n nXn sNp tXtPma
b\pw AarXab \pamb Cu ]pcpj Btcm Ah\pw
Fm `qXpw a[phmIpp. Fm `qXfpw Chpw
a[phmIpp. Cu Bmhv GtXm AXv CXpXs BIp
p. AarXXzkm[\ amb B hnm\w CXmWv . {_w
CXmWv . km]v Xn km[\amb {_hnm\w CXmWv .
58. D] CZx kXyw kthjmw `qXm\mw a[p.
Aky kXyky khmWn `q Xm\n a[p .
bmbakvan ktXy tXtPmatbm f AarX
abx ]pcptjm bmb a[ymw kmXy kvtX
tPmatbm f arXabx ]pcpjx Abtah k tbm
f bamm CZaarX; anZw {_t, Zw khw
Cu kXyw Fm `qXpw a[phmIpp. Fm `qX
fpw Cu kXyn\p a[phmIpp. Cu kXyn
tXtPmab\pw AarXab \pamb Cu ]pcpj Btcm
Ah\pw Fm `qXpw a[phmIpp. Fm `qXfpw
Chpw a[phmIpp. A[ymambn kXyn nXn
sNp tXtPmab\pw AarXab \pamb Cu ]pcpj
Btcm Ahpw Fm `qXpw a[phmIpp. Fm
`qXfpw Ch\pw a[phmIpp. Cu Bmhv GtXm AXv,
AarXzkm[\amb B hnm\w BWv . {_w CXm
Ipp. khm]vXnkm[\amb {_ hnm\w CXmWv .
59. D]CZw am\pjw kthjmw `qXm\mw a[p.
Aky am\p jky khmWn `qXm\n a[p.
bmba kvan am\ptj tXtPmatbm f arX
abx ]pcptjmbmba[ymw tXtPmatbm f
arX abx ]pcpj; Abtah k tbm f bamm;
CZaarXw; CZw {_ CZw khw
Cu a\pjmZn PmXn Fm `qXpw a[phmIpp.
Fm `qX fpw Cu am\pjmZnPmXnv a[phmIpp. Cu
am\pjmZn PmXn bn tXtPmab\pw AarX a b \pamb Cu
]pcpj Btcm Ah\pw Fm `qXpw a[phmIp
p. Fm `qXfpw Ch\pw a[phmIpp. A[ymambn
tXtPmab\pw, AarXab \pamb Cu ]pcpj Btcm
Ah\pw Fm `qXpw a[phmIpp. Fm `qXfpw
Ch\pw a[phmIpp. Cu Bmhv AarXXz km[\ amb
B hnm\w BIpp. {_w CXmIpp. khm]v Xn
km[\amb {_ hnm\w CXmWv .
60. D] A b amm kthjmw `qXm\mw a[p
Akym f f \x khmWn `qXm\n a[p. b
mbakv an mm\n tXtPmatbm f arX abx
]p tcmtjm; bmbamm tXtPmatbm f arX
abx ]pcpjx; Abtah k tbm f bamm; CZ
aarXw; CZw {_ CZw khw
Cu Bmhv Fm `qXpw a[phmIpp. Fm
`qXfpw Cu Bmhnpw a[phmIpp. Cu Bmhn
tXtPmab\pw AarXab\pw Bb Cu ]pcpj Btcm
Ah\pw Fm `qXpw a[phmIpp. Fm `qXfpw
Ch\pw a[phmIpp. Bmhmb tXtPmab\pw AarX a
b\pamb Cu ]pcpj Btcm Ah\pw Fm `qXpw
a[phmIpp. Cu Amhv GXv, AXv, AarXXzkm[ \
amb Bmhnm\w BIpp, {_w CXmIpp. khm
]v Xnkm[ \ amb {_hnm\w CXmIpp.
61. D] k hm Abamm kthjmw `qXm\ma
[n]Xnx, ktjmw `qXm\mwcmPm XZyYmcY
\m`u N cYt\ auNmcmx kth ka]nXmx
Gh ta hm kv an m \n khmWn `qXm \n,
kth tZhmx, kthtemImx kth {]mWmx;
kh GX Bm\x ka]nXmx.
Cs\ bp Cu Bmhv Fm `qX fptSbpw A[n
]Xnbpw, Fm `qXfpsSbpw cmPmhpw BIpp. AXv
Fns\ Fm, cYN{Ins \m`nbnepw cYN{I
ns t\abnepw Bc mepIsfmw kans ncn
I K
N P
305
pptm; A{]Imcw Xs Cu Bmhn Fm `qX
fpw, Fm tZhmcpw, Fm temI fpw, Fm {]mW
fpw, Fm Bmfpw kans n cnpp.
62. D] CZw ssh Xm[p Z[yMvmYhtWm f
izn`y ap hmN XtZ X Zrnx ]iy thm NXv
XZzmw \cm k\tb Zwk D{Kam. hnjvIrtWman
X\yXphrnw Z[yMv l [[zmYhtWm
hmaizky iojvWm {]bZoaphmN CXn.
A s\ bp Cu a[phns\ Z[yv F BYW
{_W AiznIv ]dpsImSpp. Cu Is
IpsImv Ejn a{w ]dp"" Atbm \cmtc!
\cmImc mcmb AiznXIsf! \n fpsS em`n\pthn
bp D{KambAXn {Iqcamb, BZw kns\ B I
sAXmbXvZ[yp F AYhW Aiz ns
incpsImv GXp a[phns\ \nv ]dpXpthm
AXn s\, ]P\y hrjvSnsb Ft]mse Rm shfn
s Spn tb mw.'' Fv
63. D] CZw ssh XmZp Z[ymYhtWm f izn
`ymaphmN X tZX Zrnx ]iythmNXv. BY
hWm im iz n \m Z[o tN f iz rw in cx
{]ssXycbXw. k hmw a[p {]thmN ZrXm b
zmw bZv Z{kmh]n Iyw hmanXn.
As\bp Cu a[phns\ Z[yv Fp t]cp
BYhW Aizn Iv ]dpsImSpp. A
s\bp Cu Is IpsImv Ejn (a{w) ]d
p Atbm AiznItf, \n Z[yv Fp t]cp
AYhW\v Aizns hIbmb inc ns\ {]Xn Kann
p]Icw hp. Ah Xs {]Xnsb ]cn]menp
hm CnpsImv \nv Xzmhns\ kw_n a[p
GtXm AXns\ ]dpXp. Atbm Z{kmsc! i{Xp
fpsS _es bnnphtc, Asn i{Xp
sf lnwknphtc! clkyambnpXv GtXm B
Bm\cq]amb a[phn t\bpw \np ]dp
Xp.
64. D] CZw ssh X[p Z[y m YhtWm f
izn`ymaphmN. XtZX Zrnx ]iythmNXv ]pc
t{I Zzn]Zx ]pct{I NXpjv]Zx; ]pcx k
]o `qXzm ]pcx ]pcpj Bhni ZnXn. k hm
Abw ]pcpjx khm kp ]qi ]pcn ibx;
ss\t\\ InwN\m\mhrXw; ss\t\ InwN\m
kwhr Xw.
As\ bp Cu a[phns\ Z[yv Fp ]dbp
AYh W AiznIp ]d p sIm Sp p. Cu
Is IpsImv Ejn ]dp: ""cp Imep
]pc sf Dmn. \mepImep ]pc sf Dmn, ]pc
Dmnb Xn\ptijw BZyambn, B Cuizc ]n
Bbnonv, ]pc fn {]thinp. As\bp Cu
]pcpj Fm ]pc fnepw ]pcn ibnp h\mb
XpsImv ]pcpj Fp ]db sSpp. Ch\m Bh
cWw sNs Sm Xmbn Hpw C. Ch\m Dn AS
s Sm Xmbn Hpan.''
65. D] CZw ssh X[p Z[y m YhtWm f
izn`ymaphmN. XtZXZrnx ]iy thmNXv cq]w
cq]w {]Xncqt]m _`qh. XZkycq]w {]Xn N
Wm b. Ct{m ambm`nx ]pc pcq] CubtX;
bpmlyky lcbx iXm Zi CXn. Abw ssh
lcbx Abw ssh ZiN kl{kmWn _lq\n
Nm\m\n N, XtZXZv {_m]qh a\p]ca\
a _m lyw. Abamm { _ khm\p
`qcntXy XZ\pimk\.
A s\bp Cu a[phns\ Z[ysep ]dbp
AYha AiznIv ]dpsImSpp. CXpIp
sImv Ejn ]dp Cu Bmhns {]m\L\
sap ]dbp cq]s shfn s SppXn\mbn Hmtcm
cq]nepw {]Xncq]\mbn]Imb asmcp cq]ambn,
Asn A\pcq]\mbn `hnp. C{, ]ctaizc
ambmIfm ({]Ifm Asn \macq]fm)
DmsSp anYym`nam\ em _lpcq]\mbn Adn
bsSpp. Fsm Ch\v iXfpw, ]v C{nb
tXcn IpXnc Isf t]mse tN snpv. lcn
I IpXnc IfpsS m\w hlnp C{nb Ch
Xs bm Wv . ]pw At\ Im bn chpw A\ fpw
ChXs. As\bp Bmhmb CXmWv, app
asmnm XpwImc WanmXpw ]np asmnm
XpwImcyanmXpw CSbvp thsdmnmXpw ]pdan
mXpw Bb {_w. {_w, khmmhmbn k
sbpw A\p`hnpXmb Cu BmhmIpp. C
s\ bmWv Fm thZm fpsSbpw D]tZiw.
Bdmw {_mWw
65. D] 1. AY hwix ]uXnamtjym Ku]h\mZv,
Ku]h\x ]uXnamjymXv, ]uXnamtjym Ku]
h\mZv, Ku]h\x IuinImXv, IuinIx Iun
\ym Xv , Iun\yx imneym. mneyx
IuinIm KuXam.
2. KuXa Bn thiym Zmn thiyx imn
eymm \`nmXm, \`nmX B\`nmXm, Zm \`n
mX B\ `n m Xm, Zm\ `n mtXm KuX am Zv ,
KuXax sskX h { ]m No \ tbm Kym `ymw,
sskXh{]mNo\ tbmKyu ]mcmicymXv . ]mcm
itcym `mcZzmPmZv, `mc ZzmtPm `mcZzmPm KuX
am KuXtam `mcZzmPmZv , `mc ZzmPx ]mcmicymXv
]mcm itcym ss_P hm ]m b \m Zv , ss_Phm
]mb\x IuinImbt\x
I K
N P
306
3. Iuin Im b \nLrX Iuin ImZv, LrX Iuin
Ix ]mcmicymbWmXv, ]mcmicymbWx ]mcmi
cymXv, ]cmitcym PmXqIWymZv, PmXqIWy
BkpcmbWm bmkvImm f f kpcmbW
kv ss{ Xh tW, kv ss{ Xh Wn cu ] P t\,
cu]P\ncmkptc, cmkpcn`mc ZzmPmZv, `mc
ZzmP Bt{Xbm, `mt{Xtbmamt, mnKu
XamZv, KuXtam KuX amZv, KuXtamhmymZv,
hmyx imn eym Xv , imneyx ssItim
cymXv Im]ymXv ssItimcyx Im]yx Ipamc
lmcnXmXv, IpamclmcntXm KmehmZv, Kme thm
hnZ`oIun\ymZv, hnZ`nIunt\ym h
\]mtXm _m{`hmZv, h\]mZv _m{`hx ]Yx
ku`cmXv ]mx ku`tcm f bmkymZmMvKnc
kmZv , Abmky BMvKnck B`qtXkv Xzm{m
Zv , B`qXnkvXzm tdm hnizcq]mzv dm,
hniz cq]kv Xzmvtdm f izn`ym, aizn \uZ[oN
AYhmWmZv, Z[ymYhtWm f YhtWm
ssZhm, ZYhssZthm artXymx {]m[zw k\m,
arXypx {]m[zw k\x {][zwk\mXv, {][z k\
GItj, tcIjnhn {] Nn t, n{] Nn
nhyt, ymnx k\mtcmx, k\mcpx k\m
X \mXv, k\mX\x k\KmXv, k\Kx ]ctan\:
]ctajvTn{_tWm, {_ kzbw`qx {_tW
\ax
A\cw {_ hn ZybpsS BNmcy]cc ]d bs
Spp: ]uXnamjy Ku]h\\\n \npw Ku]h\
]uXn am jy\n\n pw, ]uXn amjy Ku]h \\n
\npw, Ku] h \ Iuin I \n\n pw, Iuin I
Iun \y\n\npw, Iun\y imney\n\n
pw, imney sIuinI\n\npw KuXa\n\npw,
KuXa Bnthiy\n\npw, Bn thiy imn
ey\n\npw A\`nmX\n\npw, A\`nmX B\
`nmX\n\n pw, B\ `nmX B\`nmX\n\n pw,
B\ `nmX KuXa\n\npw, KuXa sskXh\n\n
pw {]mNo\ tbmKy\n\npw, sskXh\pw {]mNo\ tbm
Ky\pw ]mcmicy\n\npw, ]mcmicy `mc ZzmP\n\n
pw, `mc ZzmP `mcZzmP\n\npw KuXa\n\npw,
KuXa `mc ZzmP\n\npw `mc ZzmP ]mcmicy\n\n
pw, ]mcmicy ss_Phm]mb \n\npw, ss_Phm]m
b\ IuinImb\n\npw, IuinImb\n LrXIuin
I ]mcmicymb W\n\npw, ]mcmicymb W ]mcmi
cy\n\npw, ]mcmicy PmXqIWy\n\npw, PmXq
IWy BkpcmbW\n\npw bmkvX \n\npw,
Bkpcmb W ss{XhWnbn\npw, ss{XhWn Hu]P
\n bn\n pw, Hu] P \n Bkp cn bn\n pw,
Bkpcn `mcZzmP\n\npw, `mcZzmP Bt{X b.\n\n
pw, Bt{Xb amnbn\npw, amn KuXa\n\n
pw, KuXa hmy\n\npw, hmy imney
\n\n pw, imney ssItimcy\mb Im]y\n\n
pw, ssItimcy\mb Im]y Ipamclmcn X \n\n pw,
IpamclmcnX Kmeh\n\npw, Kmeh hnZ`nIu
n\y\n\npw hnZ`n Iun\y _m{`h\mb h
\ ]mn\npw, _m{`h\mb h \ ]mv ku`c\mb
]mhn\npw, kuc `\mb ]mhv BMvKnck\mb
Bbmky\n\npw BMv Knck\mb Bbmky Xzm{
\mb B`qXnbn\n pw, Xzm{\mb B`qXn Xzm{\mb
hnizcq]\n\npw Xzm{\mb hnizcq] AiznIfn\n
pw, AiznI Z[yMv F BYW\n\npw, Z[yv
F BYW ssZhamb AYmhn\npw, ssZh
amb AYmhv {]m[zwk\\mb arXyphn\npw, {]m[zw
k \ \mb arXyp {][zw k\ \n\n pw, {][zw k\
GIjnbn\npw, GIjn hn{]Nnnbn \npw,
hn{]Nnn hrnbn\n pw, hyn k\mcphn \npw,
k\mcp k\mX\\n\npw k\mX\ k\K\n\npw,
k\ K ]c ta n bn \npw ]c tajv Tn { _
n\npw PmX\mbn. {_w kzbw`qh\mIpp. {_
n\p \akvImcw.
aqmw Aymbw
Hmw {_mWw
1. D] Hmw P\tIm l sshtZtlm _lpZn
tW\ btt\tP. X{Xl Ipcp]mem\mw
{_Wm A`nktaXm _`qhpx. Xkyl P\
Iky sshtZ lky hnm km _ `q h, Ix
kzntZtXjmw {_mW\ma B Nm\Xa CXn.
k l Khmw kl{kahcptcm[. ZiZi ]mZm
GssIIkymx irMvKtbmcm_m _`qhpx.
hntZlm[n]\mb P\I hfsc ZnWbp, As
n _lpZnWsap t]cp bwsImv bPn p.
B bn IpcptZipw ]mmetZipap
{_mW hpIqSn. B P\I\v ""Chcn Ghpw ]Tn
ph BcmWv?'' Fv Pnmk Dmbn Atlw
Bbncw ]ipsf Ahtcm[np; sXmgppc bn tiJ cn
np. Hmtcm ]iphnsbpw cp cp sImpIfnepwIqSn
]Xpp Im ]ew (ccew) kzw sIsn
cpp.
2. D] Xm tlmhmN ""{_mWm `Khtm,
tbm thm {_njvTx k GXm Km DZP Xm''
anXn. tXl {_mWm \ Z[rjv Tx. AYl
bmhevIyx kztah {_NmcnWaphmssN
Xmx tkmtaymZP kma{ihm CXn. XmtlmZm
NImc. tX l {_mWmp{Ip[px ""IYw t\m
{_njvtTm {_hoX?'' CXn. AYl P\Iky
sshtZ lky tlmXm f iztem _`qh, k
ssl\w ] {] ""Xzw \p t\m bmhevIy
I K
N P
307
{_njvtTm knx'' CXn. k tlm hmN:""\tam
hbw {_n jv Tmb Iptm tKmImam Gh
hbw kvax'' CXn. Xw l XX Gh {]pw Zt{[
tlmXm f izex
B {_m WtcmSv P\I ]dp: ""`Khmmcmb
{_m Wtc, \nfn Ghpw {_mhmbncnph
Btcm Atlw Cu tKmsf sXfnpsIm skz Krl
ntep ASnpsImp s]mbvsms'' Fv. B
{_m W AXn\v ss[cysn. A\cw bmh
ev Iy kzw {_NmcntbmSpXs ]dp. A tbm,
kuay, kmathZs {ihnpht\, Cu ]ipsf
sXfn psImp t]mhpI Fv. B ]ipsf B {_
Nmcn BNmcy Krl ntep sXfn psImpt]mbn. B
{_m W t{Im[np Fs\ \psS Iqn {_n
jvT Fv Hcph ]dbpw? A\cw, hntZlm[n ]\mb
P\Is tlmXmhmbnEXzn mbn Aiz e Fsmcm
Dmbncpp. Ah bmhevIyt\mSp tNmZnp:
Atbm bmhevIy \obmtWm \psS Iqn
{_njv T? bmhev Iy ]dp: \mw {_n jv T\v
\akvImcw sNpp. \mw tKmsf B{Klnph
am{XamIpp. DS Xs tlmXmhmb Aize B
bmmhevIyt\mSp tNmZnm \nbnp.
3. D] bm htIy Xn tlm hm N ""bZn Zw
kw arXyp\m f f ]vXw; kw arXyp\m
f `n]w; tI\ bPamt\martXymcm]vXnaXnap
NytX?'' CXn. tlm{XXznPm f n\m hmNm.
hmssKz bky tlmXm; XtZybw hmIv tkm
f banx; k tlmXm; kapnx km f Xnapnx
""Atbm bmhIy'' Fp kwt_m[\ sNbvXn
v, ]dp: ""Cu Ins km[\amb EXznp apX
embsXmw arXyphn \m kzm`mhnIamb B kwKtm
SpIqSnb Icq]amb arXyphn \m, B]vXamIpp,
hym]vXamIpp. Fmw arXyphn\m hioIcn s ncn
bpw sNpp. GXp Zji\ cq]amb km[\w sImm
Wv , bPam\ arXyphns hym]vXnsb AXn{Ianv ap
\mbn ocpXv?'' ""tlmXmhmb EXznpw Anbpamb
hmpsImv.'' Fp bmhIy ]dp. CXns
Aw ]dbpp: bPam\s hmpXsbmWv tlmXm
hv . AXn Cu hmv GtXm AXmWv AXns A[nssZ
hXamb An. B An tlmXmhmIpp. B tlmXmhv ,
Ancq]n Zins Sp B tlmXmhv, apnbm
Ipp; bPam\\p apn km[\ amIpp. B apn AXn
apn bmIpp; AXnapn km[ \amIpp.
4. D] ""bmhevtIy'' Xn tlmhmN ""bZnZw
ka tlmcm{Xm`ymam]vX, khatlmcm{Xm
`ym a `n ]w; tI\ b P amt\m f tlmcm
{Xtbmcm]v Xn a Xn ap NytX?'' CXn. ""A[z p
WXznPm Npjm f f ZntXy\; Npssh
b kym[z cyx; XZy ZnXw Npx tkm f
kmhmZnXyx; tkm f [zcyx; kapnx; km f Xn
apnx.
""b hev Iy.'' Fp kwt_m[\ sNbvXnv Aize
]dp: ""CubpsXmw Atlmcm{X fm hym]vX
amIpp. Fm Atlmcm{Xfm A`n] ambncnpp
(hioIcn s ncn sncnpp.) GXp Zi\wsImm
Wv , bPam\ Atlmcm{XfpsS B]v Xnsb, hym]vXnsb
AXn{Ianv ap\mbnocpXv? A[zcyshp EXzn
pw, Nppw Bb BZnXys\ smv '' Fv bm
hIy ]dpXpSn. ""bPam\s NppX sbm
Wv. A[zcyp AXn Cu Npv GtXm AXmWv B BZn
Xy. B BZn Xy A[z cyphmIpp. B A[zcyp apn
bmIpp apn km[\ amIpp. B apn AXnapn bm
Ipp.
5. D] ""bmhtIyXn'' tlmhmN ""bZnZw
khw ]q ]m ]c ] m `ym am]v Xw;
khw ]q ] m ] c ] m `ym a `n ] w;
tI\bP am\x ]qh]m]c]tbmcm]v Xna
Xn apNytX?'' CXn DZvKm {X. XznPm hmbp\m
{]mtW\. {]mtWm ssh btkymZv KmXm;
XZvtbm f bw {]mWx k hmbpx; k DZvKmXm;
kapnx; km f Xnapnx.
""bm hIy'' Fp kwt_m[\ sNbvXv Aiz e
]dp: ""Chsbmw ]qh]mepw A]c ]
mepw hym]v XamIpp. Fmw ]qh] mepw A]
c ]mepw hioIcn s ncnpp. GXp Zi\wsIm
mWv, bPam\ ]qh ]qh]ntbpw A]c]
nsbpw hym]v Xnsb AXn{Ianp ap \mbnocp
Xv ?'' ""DZvKmXmsh EXznpw hmbphpw Bb {]mWs\
smv. b ns (bPam\s) {]mWX s bmWv
DZvKmXmhv. AXn Cu {]mW GtXm AXp hmbphmIp
p. B hmbp DZvKmXmhmIpp. B DZv KmXmhv apn bm
Ipp (apnkm[ \ amIpp.) B apn AXnapn km[
\amIpp.''
6. D] bmhevtIyXn tlmhmN: ""bZnZ a
cna\mca _Wanh; tI\ f f {ItaW bP
am\x kzw temIam {I atX?'' CXn. ""{_
WXznPma\kmNt{W. at\m sshbky
{_m; XZy`nZw a\x, tkm f kuN{x; k{_
, kapnx km f Xnapnx
""bhevIy'' Fp kwt_m[ \ sNbvXv Aiz e
]dp: ""Cu Acow Bew_\ anmXpt]mse Ccn
pp Fsmcp Ahw`w sImmWv , bPam\ kz
temIs B{Ian pXv? {]m]npXv? {_msh
EXznpw a\pw Bb N{ s\ smv b ns (b
Pam\ s) a\ pXs bmWv {_msh EXznv, AXn
I K
N P
308
Cu a\ sXv B N{ \mIpp. B N{ {_msh
EXznmIpp. B {_mhv apnkm[ \amIpp. B
apn AXn apn km[\ amIpp.'' Cs\ AXntam
.
7. D] AY kZx
A\cw kpI ]dbs Spp.
8. D] bmhevtIyXn tlmhmN ""IXn`ncb
aZyKv`ntlmXm f kvan bt IcnjyXo''
Xn. ""Xnkr`n'' cnXn. ""IXamkvXmkvXn{k'' CXn.
""]ptcm\phmIymN bmPymN isskyh XrXo
bm.'' ""Inw Xm`nP bXn'' Xn ""bXv Inw tNZw
{]mW`r'' ZnXn.
""bm hevIy'' Fp kwt_m[\ sNbvXv Aize
]dp: ""Cv , Cu bn tlmXmhv F{XXcw Ep
IsfsmmWv ikv{Xs iwknpXv? aqpXcw
EpIsfv'' Fp bmhev Iy Dcw ]dp.
""B aqv GsXmw?'' Fp Aize tNmZnp. ""]ptcm\p
hmIybpwbmPybpw, ikybpw Xs.'' Fv bmh
evIy adp]Sn ]dp. ""B EpIsfsmv Fns\
Pbnpp?'' Fv Aize tNmZnp. {]mW\pXv GsX
mtam AXns\ Fmw'' Fp bm hev Iy adp]Sn ]d
p.
9. D] bmhevtIyXn tlmhmN IXybaZym
[z cy c kv an bB lq Xotlm jyXoXn.
Xn{k CXn. IXamkvXmkvXn{k CXnbmlpXm
Dz en, bm lqXm AXnt\ZtbmlqXm
AXntictX. Inw Xm`nbXoXn. bm lqXm
Dzen, tZhtemItahXm`n PbXn; Zo]yX
Ch ln tZhtemIx bm lqXm AXn tXZt
]nXrtemItah Xm`nPbXn. AXoh ln ]nXr
temIx bm lqXm A[ntictX a\pjytemI
tah Xm`nPbXn. A[ Ch lna\pjytemIx
bhevIy Fp kwt_m[\ sNbvXv Aize
]dp: Cv Cu b n Cu A[zcyp F{X Blq
XnIsf tlmanpp? aqv Fp bmhevIy ]d
p. B aqv GsXmw? Fv Aiz e tNmZnp. Gh
bmtWm lqXIfmbnp DzenpXv Ahbpw, Gh
bmtWm lpXIfmbnv Dzen pXv Ahbpw, Gh
bmtWm lpXIfmbnv Ghpw i_vZnpXv Ahbpw Gh
bmtWm tlmansm Iogvt]mpt]mbn `qan bn InS
pXv Ahbpw Fv Dcw ]dp. B BlqXnIsf
smv Fns\ Pnbpp? Fp tNmZyw. GhbmtWm
tlman s m DzenpXv Ahsbsmv tZhtem
Is Pbnpp. tZhtemIw {]Iminp Xpt]msebp
XmWtm. GhbmtWm tlman sm A[nI i_vZn
sSpXv Ahsbmv ]nXr temIs s Pbn
pp. ]nXr temIw Ghpw i_vZnp XmWtm. Gh
bmtWm tlmansm `qanbn t]mbnnSpXv
Ahsb smv a\pjytemIs s Pbnpp a\p
jytemIw Xmsg nXn sNp t]msebmWtm Ccnp
Xv.
10. D] bmhevtIyXn tlmhmN IXn`n cb
aZy {_m b w Z n WtXm tZh Xm `n
tKm]mbXo Xn. GImtb Xn. IXam ssktI
Xn. a\ Gth Xn. A\w sshat\m f \m
hntiz tZhm, A\tah ktX\ temIw Pb
Xn.
bmhevIy Fp hnfnv Aize ]dp:
Ctm Cu {_mhv, {_msh EXznv heph
iv Ccp p sImv F{X tZ h X I sf sm mWv
bs cnpXv? Hcp tZhXsb smv Fp
cw, B Hcp tZhX GXv? Fp tNmZyw. a\pXs Fp
cw. a\p A\ sap {]kn amWtm. hniz tZhm
A\m Fp ]knamWv. AXpsImv, a\ns\
hniztZhmcmbnmWp XpsImv Ah (D]mkI)
A\amb temIs s Pbn pp.
11. D] bmhevtIyXn tlmhmN: IXy ba
tZym Kv ZmXm f kv an bt kv tXm{Xnbmx
kv tXmjyXo Xn . Xn { k CXn IX amkv Xm
kvXn{k CXn. ]ptcm f \phmIym N bmPym N
isskyh XrXobm. IXamkvXm bm A[ym
anXn. {]mW Gh ]ptcm\p hmIym; A]mt\m
bmPym; hym\x ikym. Inw Xm`nPbXo Xn.
]rYnhotemItah ]ptcm\phmIymbm PbXn;
AcotemIw bmPybm, ZyptemIw iky
bm. XtXm l tlmXm f ize D]ccma
bmhevIy Fp hnfnv Aize ]dp:
Ctm Cu b n Cu DZvKmXmhp F{X kv tXm{Xn
b Isf kv XpXn pp? aqv Fp cw. B aqv
GsXmw? Fp ]nsbpw tNmZyw. ]ptcm\phmIybpw
bmPybpw; aqmatXv ikyXs Fp cw. Aym
ambn Ah GsXmw? Fp tNmZyw. ]ptcm\phmIy
{]mWX s. bmPy A]m\ \mIpp. iky hym\ \mWv
Fp cw. Ahsbsmv Fns\ Pbnpp? Fp
tNmZyw. ]ptcm\phmIysImp ]rYnhotemIs Pbnp
p. bmPysImp AcotemIs Pbnpp. iky
sImv ZyptemIs Pbnpp bm hev Iy Dcw
\In. A\ cw tlmXmhmb Aize D]c anp ASn.
cmw {_mWw
12. D] AY ssl\w Pmc XvImch B`mKx
]{ ]; bm htIyXn tlmhmN
IXn {Klmx? IpXy Xn { Klmx? CXn . Au
I K
N P
309
{Klmx AmhXn{Klmx CXn. tb tX f u
{Klm AmhXn{Klmx ImXta tX? CXn.
A\cw, Aize hnc an Xns tijw, Cht\mSv,
bm hIyt\mSv Pcmcphns tKm{Xn P\n
B `mK, EX`mKs ]p{X tNmZnpt]m. bm
hevIy Fp kwt_m[\ sNbvXv Abm ]dp: {Kl
F{X? AXn{Kl F{X? Fv. {Kl Fv
AXn{Kl Fv Fp Dcw. B Fp {Klfpw
Fv AXn{Klfpw GsXmw? Fv B`mKh
hopw tNmZnp.
13. D] {]mtWm ssh {Klx, tkm f ]mt\ \mXn
{KtlW KrloXx; A]mt\\ ln Km Pn
{LXn.
{]mW {Kl amIpp. B {]mW\mIp {Klw A]m
\ BIp AXn{Kl m {Kln s ncnpp. A]m
\s\ ImWtm K sf temIw {LWnpXv.
14. D] hmssKz {Klx; k \mav\m f Xn {KmtlW
KrloXx; hmNm ln \mam\yp`n hZ Xn. Pnlzm
ssh {Klx; k ctk\ f Xn{KmtlW KrloXx;
Pnlzbm ln ckm hnPm\mXn Npssh
{Klx; k cqt] WmXn {KmtlW KrloXx;
Npjm ln cq]mWn ]iyXn t{im{Xw ssh
{Klx; k i_v tZm \mXn {KmtlW KrloXx;
t{imt{XW ln i_vZmRv ir tWmXn. at\m
ssh {Klx; k Imta\mXn {KmtlW KrloXx;
a\ kmln Imam Ima b tX. lkv Xu ssh
{Klx; k IWm f Xn{Km tlW KrloXx;
lkvXm`ymw ln I ItcmXn. XzssKz {Klx;
k kv]ti\mXn{KmtlW KrloXx; Xz Nm ln
kv]im thZbtX. CtXytX f u {Klmx;
BhXn {Klmx.
hmv {KlamIpp. B {Klw \maamIp AXn{Kl
m {Kln s ncnpp. hmpsImmWtm \ma
sf ]dbp Xv.
Pnlz {KlamIpp. B {Klw ckamIp AXn {Kl
m {Klnsncnpp. PnlzsImmWtm ck
sf ]dbp Xv.
Npv {Kl amIpp. B {Klw cq]amIp AXn{K
lm {Kln s n cnpp. NppsImmWtm
cq]sf ]dbp Xv.
t{im{Xw {KlamIpp. B {Klw i_vZamIp AXn
{Kl m {Klns ncnpp. t{im{XwsImmWtm
i_vZsf ]dbp Xv.
a\p {KlamIpp. B {Klw ImaamIp AXn{Kl
m {Kln s ncn pp. a\psImmWtm Ima
sf ]dbp Xv.
lkvX {Kl amIpp. B {Klw IamIp AXn
{Kl m {Kln s ncnpp. lkv XwsImmWtm
Is sNp Xv.
Xzv {Kl amIpp. B {Klw kv ]iamIp AXn{K
lm {Klnsncnpp. XzpsImmWtm
kv ]isf a\nemp Xv. ChbmWv Fv {Kl epw
Fp AXn{Kl fpw.
15. D] bm h ev tIyXn tlmhm N bZnZw
khw artXym cw; ImkzXv km tZhXm
bkym arXyp cw? CXn. Anssh arXypx;
tkm f ]maw; A]]p\rXypw PbXn
bm hev Iy Fp hnfnp B `m K h
tNmZnp: Cu hymIyXamb PKv apgph arXyphn\p
A amIpp. GXp tZhXbv mtWm arXyp A ambn cn
p Xv, B tZhX GXmbncnpw? An arXyphmWtm.
B An ApIv A ambncnpp. arXyphns\bm
Is ]pcpj{]bXv\ m Pbn mw.
16. D]bmhev tIyXn tlmhmN b{Xmbw ]pcp
tjm { an bX DZ kv amXv { ]mWmx { Imaym
tlmZ\? CXn. t\ Xn tlmhmNbmhevIyx.
Ass{Xh kah\ob t, k D zbXzm[vamb
Xym[vamtXm arXx titX.
bmhev Iy Fp hn fnp B `m K h
tNmZnp: FtmgmtWm Cu {_hnmb ]pcpj acn
pXv Atm Ch\n\np {]mW D{Ianp
ptm? AtXm Ctbm? C Fp bmhevIy ]d
p. Chn sSs Hmbn tNcpp. ]cammhnt\mSp
tNp ebnpp. Ah hopp. ImpsImp \nd
bpp. Imv Ibdn\ndp \nt \mbn nS pp.
17. D] bmhevtIyXn tlmhmN b{Xmbw ]pcp
tjm {an b tX IntaXw \ Plm XoXn\mta Xn.
A\w ssh \mam\ m hntiztZhmx A\
tah ktX\ temIw PbXn
bm hevIy Fp hnfnv B`mKh tNmZnp:
""Cu ]pcpj acn ptm Chs\ hnp]ncnbmXn cnp
Xv FmWv ?'' ""\maw'' Fp bmhev Iy ]dp.
\maw B\ amIpp. hntiztZhm A\ mcmIpp.
AXpsImv hntiztZhmsc Xm\mbn ImWp XpsImv
Ah A\ amb temIsXs Pbnpp.
18. D] bmhtIyXn tlmhm N b{Xmky
]pcpj kyarX kymn hmK t]y Xn , hmXw
{]mW, pcmZnXyw, a\{w, Znix t{im{Xw,
]rYnhow icoc, amImiamu j[otemam\n,
h\ kv ] Xo tImix, A]v kp tem lnXw N
tcX \n[obtX; Izmbw XZm ]pcptjm`hXn?
CXn. Blc tkmay, lkvX am`mKm, f f
I K
N P
310
hmta ssh Xky thZn jym thm, \ \mthXXv
kP\ CXn. Xu tlmXv{Iay a{bmw N {ImtX.
Xu lbZqNXpx I sslhX ZqNXpx; AY
bXv { ] i iw kXpx I sslh XXv { ]i
iwkXpx ]ptWym ssh ]ptWy\ IWm
`hXn, ]m]x ]mt]t\Xn. XtXml PmcXvImch
B`mK D]ccma.
bm hIy F hnfnv B`mKh tNmZnp:
FtmgmtWm arX\mb Cu ]pcpjs hmv Ansb
A]nKan pXv, Anbn ebn pXv, {]mW hmX
sbpw Npv BZnXys\bpw a\p N{s\bpw
t{im{Xw ZnpIsfbpw icocw ]rYnhnsbbpw Bmhv
BImisbpw tcma Hmj[nIsfbpw tIi
hr sfbpw A]Kanp Xv, chpw iphpw Ap
Ifn \nt]n s Sp Xv, Atm Cu ]pcpj Fhn
sS bm Ipp? Fns\ B{i bnn cn pp? Fv .
skuay\mb B`mK, ssIXcnI! \mw cpt]cpw
am{Xw CXns\ kw_nv \ncq]Ww sNmw. \apv CXv
P\ DnS phv ]mSn. F bm hIy ]d
p. Ah D{Iannv, Bfp ep \nv t]mbnv
a{np. Ah Fp]dpthm AXns\ tIp! I
ssbmWv Ah AhnsS ]dXv . A\cw
GXns\ {]iwknpthm AXp tIpI! Is
s bmWv Ah AhnsS {]iwkn Xv. ]pWyamb Iw
sImv ]pWy\mbn ocpp. ]m]amb IwsImp
]m]\mbnocpp. A\cw Pc Xv ImcptKm{XP\mb
B`mK D]c an phncan p.
aqmw {_mWw
19. D] Ah ssl\w `qPypemlymb\nx ]{]
bmhevtIy Xn tlm hmN at{Zjp NcImx
]cy { h Pm a. tX ]X eky Im]yky
Krlmss\a. Xky f f koZv ZplnXm Kh
KrloXm. Xa ]rma tIm f ko Xn. tkm f
{_hoXv kp[\zm f f MvKnck CXn. Xw bZm
temIm\ma m\ ]rm am ssY \a ]rma
Iz]mcnnXm A`hnXn. Iz]mcnnXm A`
h? k Xzm ]rman bmhevIy, Iz ]mcn
nXm A`hnXn
A\ cw elys A]Xyamb emlys A]Xyamb
`qPyp F B bmhevIyt\mSv tNmZnp. bm
hevIy Fp kwt_m[\ sNbvXnv Ab ]dp: a{Z
tZi fn NcImcmbnv (EXznpI Bbn v) R
kcn ncpp. As\ k cnpsImncp R
I]ntKm{XPmX\mb ]X es Krl n t]mbncpp.
Ahs ]p{Xn Hcp Kh\m {Kln sncpp. B
Kht\mSv \o BcmWv? Fv R tNmZnp. Ah,
tKm{X n BMv Kn ck\mb kp[ \zmhp Fv ]dp.
Aht\mSv temI fpsS AXncpIsf tNmZn tm Iq
n ]mcn n X m Fhn sS bmbncpp? Fv R
tNmZn p. ]mcn n Xm FhnsSbmbncpp Fv Ah
Rp ]dpXp. Atbm bmhevIy B
Rm \ntmSp tNmZnpp, ]mcn nXm Fhn sSbm
bn cpp?
20. D] ktlmhmNm DhmN ssh tkm f K
ssh tX XZv bm{Xmizta[mbmPn t\mKoXn
Zzm{XnwiXw ssh tZhc Ymym\ybw temIx
Xw kaw ]rYnho ZznkvXmhXv ]tcyXn. Xmw
kaw ]rYnhow ZznkvXmhXv kap{Zx ]tcyXn.
\`ymhXo pcky [mcm bmhZzm anImbmx
]{ Xw Xmhm \ tcW f Imix Xm\n { Zx
kp]tm `qXzm hmbth {]mb Xv Xm
hmbpcm\n [nXzm X{XmKabZv b{Xmiz ta[
bmPnt\m f `hn tXyhanh ssh k hmbp
tah {]iiwk. XkvamZzmbptch hynhbpx
kanx. A] ]p \rXypw PbXn b Ghw
thZXtXml `qPypemlymb\n cp]ccma.
bhevIy ]dp: B K ]dXv,
Ah ]mcnnXm, FhnsSbmtWm, Aizta[wsImp
bPnp h t]mIpXv AhnsS t]mbn. FmWv. Aiz
ta[wsImp bPnp h FhnsSbmWp t]mIp sXp
]dbmw. Cu temIw apncv tZhc Ymy BWv.
B temIn\p Nppw AXns cpaSp ]cnamWn
]rYnhn InSpp. B ]rYnhnp Nppw B ]rYnhnbpsS
]cn amWns cncn henn kap{Zw InSpp.
]ns, InbpsS hmbv e F{X ]cnamWap XmtWm,
As n CubpsS NndIv GXp ]cn amWapXmtWm
A{X bpw, Asn AtX ]cnamWapXmWv a[yn
ep BImiw. B Aizta [bmPnIsf, C{, ]cta iz
c, Aiz ta [n Nbn s An ]nbm bn
onv hmbphns ] Gev]np. hmbp Ahsc
Xs cq]nemn bnv ap]p t]mb Aizta[ bmPn I
FhnsSbmtWm Ccpnp Xv, AhnsS Fnp. Cs\
B Kh hmbphns\ {]iwknp. AXn \m hmbp
Xs bmWv ]e {]Imcn hym]nncnpXv ; hmbp
hmWv tIheamb kq{Xmmhmbn nXn sNpXv.
BcmtWm Cs\ AdnbpXv Ah hopap ac
Ws A]Pbnpp. A\ cw emlys A]Xyamb
`qPyp ASn.
\memw {_mWw
21. D] AY ssl\apjkvX m{ImbWx ]{]
bm h ev tIyXn tlmhmN: bm m Z]
tcmmZv {_, b BmkhmckvXw ta
I K
N P
311
hymNz CXn. Gj X Bm khmcx,
IXtam bm h ev y, kcx ? bx
{]mtW\ {]mWnXn k X Bm khmtcm,
tbm f ]mt\\m]m\oXn k X Bm khm
tcm, tbm hymt\\ hym\oXn k X Bm
khmtcm, b DZmt\t\mZm\nXn k X Bm
khmcx; Gj X Bm khmcx.
A\cw N{Is A]Xyamb DjkvX bmh
ev Iyt\mSp tNmZnp: bm hevIy Fp hnfCv Ah
]dp: GXmtWm kmmmbpw, asmn\m {`m
hn\npw ad bvs SmXmbpw, KuWam Xmbpw
D {_w, GXmtWm Fmn\pap Bmhv, AXns\
F\np kv ] ambn ]dpX cnI. \ns ImcyImc Wkw
Lns Cu BmhmWv kn\pw DnepXv
Fp bmhev Iy ]dp. bm hevIym GXmWv
Fmn\pw Dnep Xv. Djkv X ]nsbpw tNmZnp:
GXmtWm {]mWs\ smv {]mWtNjvSsb sNp Xv,
B BmhmWv kmc ambn pXv. GXmtWm A]m
\ s\ smv A]m\npXv B BmhmWv kmc
ambnp Xv. GXmtWm hym\s\smp hym\npXv
B BmhmWv kmcambnpXv. GXmtWm DZm\
s\ smv DZm\npXv B BmhmWv kmc am
bnp Xv . As\bp \ns BmhmWv , ImcyImc
WkMv LmXns BmhmWv khmc ambnpXv.
22. D] ktlmhmtNmjkvX m{ImbtWm bYm
hn { _q bm Zku Kuc km hiz CtXy h
tasshXZv hy]Znw `hXn. btZh km mZ
]tcmmZv {_ b Bm khmckv Xw
ta hymNz CXn. Gj X Bm khmcx
IXtam bm h ev y, khm cx ?
\Zrt{Zmcw ]tiyx; \ {iptXx t{imXmcw
irWpbmx; \ atXmcw a\zoYmx; \ hnm
tX hnmXmcw hnPm\obmx Gj X Bm
khmcx ; AtXm f \yZmw XtXm
tlmjkvXm{ImbW D]ccma.
N{Is ]p{X\mb DjkvX ]dp: F{]Imc
amtWm AXmWv Imf AXmWv IpXnc Fv amn dbp
Xv , Ans\XsbmWv Cu {_w hy]tZinsXv.
GXmtWm kmmmbpw A]tcmambpap {_w,
GXmtWm kmcamb Bmhv AXns\ F\np
hymJym\npXcn I. Cu \ns BmhmWv kmc am
bnpXv Fp bmhevIy ]d p. Atbm bm
hevIy GXmWv kmc ambnpXv? Fp DjkvX
hopw tNmZnp: ZrnbpsS, euIn In bmb ZrnbpsS
{Zmhns\ \o ImWpIbn. {ipXnbpsS, {ihWns
t{imXmhns\, \o {ihnbn. aXnbpsS amhns\ \o
a\\w sNpIbn. hnmXnbpsS hnm\ ns
hnmXmhns\ \o AdnbpIbn. Cu \ns BmhmWv
kmcambn pXv. CsXmgnp apXv B amIp
p, hn\minbmIpp Fv bm hevIy ]dp. A\
cw Nm{Imb W\mb DjkvX D]can p, ASn.
Amw {_mWw
23. D] AY ssl\w Itlmex Iujo X tIbx
]{]; bm h ev tIyXn tlmhm N. btZh
kmmZ]tcmmZv {_b Bm km
ckv Xw ta hymNtz Xn. Gj X Bm
khm cx IXtam bm hev Iy, khm
tc? tbm f i\mbm]n]mtk, timIw, tamlw,
Pcmw arXyp a tXy Xn. GXw ssh Xamm\w
hnZnXzm {_Wmx ]pss{X jWmbm hnss
jWmbm temssIjWmbm hypmbmY
`nmNcyw Nc n. b tlyh ]pss{XjWm km
hnssjWm, bm hnssjWm km temssI
jWm; Dt` tlytX GjtW Gh `hXx.
Xkv amZv { _mWx ]m n Xyw \nhnZy
_mtey\ XnjvTmtkXv; _meyw N ]mnXyw
N \nnZymY ap\n; Aau\w N au\w N \nhn
ZymY {_mWx k{_ mWx tI\ kymXv
tb\kymtt\Zri Gh AtXm f \y`mw
XtXm, l Itlmex IujoX tIb D]ccma.
A\cw bm hev Iyt\mSv IpjnXIs ]p{X\mb
Itlme F {_mlmaW tNmZnp. bmhevIy,
Fp hnfnp Abm ]dp: GXpX s bmtWm {Zm
hn \nv AhyhlnXambpw apJyambpap {_w,
GXmtWm khn\pw Dn ep Bmhv , B Bm
hns\ F\np hymJym\npXcnI. Cu \ns BmhmWv
kmcambn pXv? Fp bmhevIy ]dp.
Atbm bmhev Iym, GXmWv kmc ambnpXv
Fp ]nsbpw Itlme tNmZnp. GXmmhmtWm
Ai\mitb bpw, ]n]mktb bpw, timIt bpw, Imat
bpw, tamlt bpw, {`atbpw, Pctbbpw ImcyIcW
kMvLmXns hn]cnWm atbpw arXyphn t\bpw
ImcyImcW kMvLmX ns hntZtbpw AXn{Ian
pXv, Ah\mWv kmc\mb Bmhv. As\
bp Cu Bmhns\ Adn nv {_mW ]pss{X j
Wbn\npw hnssjWbn\npw temssIjW
bn \npw hypm\w sNbvXnv]nXncnnv`nm
Ncys NcnWw. ]pss{XjW GXmtWm AXpXs
bmWv hnss jW; hnss jW GtXm AXmWv
temssIjW. km[ysapw km[ \sap ]dbp Ch
cpw GjWI Xs BIpp. AXn\m {_mW
]mnXys {_hnm\ s, \ntjw Adnnv,
kmZnn v, _e`mhtmSpIqSn nXn sNm Cn
Ww. _e`mhtbpw ]mnXysbpw \ntjw km
Znnv ap\nbmbnXocpp. Aau\tbpw au\tbpw
I K
N P
312
\ntjw kmZnnv {_m W\mbn ocpp. Ah
Fp kamNmctmSpIqSn {_m Wmbnocpw? Fp
tNmZyw. GXp kamNmctmSpIqSnbncnppthm B
kamNmctmSpIqSn {_m W\mbn ocpw. Cu {_m
Wymhm\n\nv, A\yambnpXv BamIp
p hn\minbmIpp. A\cw IpjnXIs ]p{X\mb
Itlme hncanp.
Bdmw {_mWw
24. D]AY ssl\w KmKo htNIv \ho ]{].
bm h ev tIyXn tlmhm N. b ZnZw kha
]vtkzmXw N t{]mXw N; Ikvan \p Jezm]
HmXm t{]mXmt Xn. hmbu KmoXn.
Ikvan \pJep hmbptcmX t{]mXtXn.
AcntemtIjp KmKo Xn. Imkvan \p
Jey cn temIm HmXm t{]mXmt Xn.
KhtemtIjp KmKo Xn. Ikvan \p Jep
Kh temIm HmXm t{ ]m Xmt Xn .
BZnXy temtIjp KmKo Xn. Ikv an \p
JeymZnXytemIm HmXm t{]mXmt Xn. N{
temtIjp KmKo Xn. Ikvan \p Jep N{
temIm HmXm t{ ]mXmtXn . \{ X
temtIjp KmKo Xn. Ikvan\p Jep \{X
temIm HmXm t{]mXmtXn. tZhtemtIjp
KmKo Xn . Ikv an \p Jep tZh temIm
HmXm t{]mXmt Xn. C{temtIjp KmKo
Xn . Ikv an \p Jez n { temIm HmXm
t{]mXmt Xn. {]Pm]Xn temtIjp KmKo Xn.
Ikv an\p Jep {]Pm ]Xn temIm HmXm
t{]mXmtXn. {_ tem tIjp KmKo Xn.
Ikv an \p Jep { _ temIm HmXm
t{]mXmt Xn.
A\cw Cu bmhIyt\mSv hNIv\phns
]p{Xnbmbn KmKn tNmZnp: bmhIy Fp kwt_m
[\ sNbvXv Ah ]dp: CmWp ]mnhambp
sXmw ApIfn HmXambpw t{]mXambpw (AXmbXp
s\SpIbpw IpdpsIbpw ]nWv) Ccnpp. ApI
GsXmnemWv HmXfmbpw t{]mXfmbpw CcnpXv?
Fv tNmZnp. Atbm KmKn, hmbphn emIpp'' Fv
bm hIy Dcw ]dp. ""hmbp GsXmn emWv
HmX ambpw t{]mXambpw CcnpXv?'' Fp tNmZnp. ""
Atbm KmKn, AcotemIfnemIpp F
Dcw \In. A co temI GsXmnemWv HmX
fpw t{]mXfpambncnpXv? Fp tNmZyw. Atbm
KmKn KtemIfn emIpp Fpcw. K
temI GsXmnemWv HmXfpw t{]mX fpambncn
pXv Fp tNmZyw. Atbm KmKn, BZnXytemI
fnemIpp Fp cw. BZnXytemI GXnemWv HmX
fpw t{]mXfpambncnpXv? Fp tNmZyw. Atbm
KmKn N{temIfnemIpp Fpcw. N{ temI
FnemWv HmX fmbpw t{]mX fmbpancnbvp
Xv? Fp tNmZyw Atbm KmKn, \{XtemIfn
emIpp Fpcw. \{XtemI GsXmnemWv ,
HmX fpw t{]mXfpambncnpXv Fp tNmZyw.
Atbm KmKn, tZhtemIfn Fpcw tZhtem
I GsXmn emWv HmX fpw t{]mX fpambn cn p
Xv? Fp tNmZyw Atbm KmKn, C{temIfn
Fp cw. C{ temI FnemWv HmXfpw t{]mX
fpambncnpXv? Fp tNmZyw Atbm KmKn, {]Pm
]Xn temI fn Fp cw. {]Pm]XntemI Fn
emWv HmXfpw t{]mXfpambncnpXv? Fp tNmZyw.
Atbm KmKn, {_temI fn Fv D cw. {_
temI Fn emWv HmX fpw t{]mX fpambncn p
Xv? Fp tNmZyw. bmhevIy ]dp: Atbm
KmKn, AXn{]iv \w sNmXncnpI. \ns aqmhv hn]
XnbvmXncnbv s. AXn {]iv \n\v hnjb am tZh
XsbpdnmWv \o AXn{]iv\w sNpXv. Atbm
KmKn sNmXncnpI. A\cw hNIv\phns ]p{Xn
bmb KmKn ASn.
Ggmw {_mWw
25. D] AY ssl\ ap m eI BcpWnx ]{];
bmhtIyXn tlmhmN at{Zjzhkma]X
eky Im]yky Krtljp b a[obm\mx;
Xkym f f koZv `mcym KhKrlnX; Xa]r
ma tIm f ko Xn; tkm f {_hoXv I_
BYhW CXn. tkm f {_hoXv ]Xew
Im]yw bmnImw th \p Xzw Im]y,
XXv kq{Xw, tb\mbw N temIx ]civN temIx
khmWn N `qXm\n ky_v[m\n `ho Xn.
tkm f {_hoXv ]Xex Imt]ym\mlw XZv
`Kh, thtZ Xn. tkm f {_hoXv. ]Xew
Im]ywbmnImw th\pXzw Im]ym Xa
cymanWw, b Caw N temIw ]cw NtemIw
khmWn N `qXm\ntbm f tcm babXo Xn.
tkm f {_hoXv ]Xex Imt]ym \mlw Xw
`Kh, thtZ Xn. tkm f {_hoXv ]Xew
Im]yw bmnImw tbm ssh XXv Im]ym
kq{Xw hnZymXv Xw Nmcy, anWanXn, k {_
hnXv, k temIhnXv, k tZhnXv, k thZhnXv,
k`qXznXv, k B hnXv, k khhnZv CXn.
tX`ym f { _hoZv ; XZlw thZ; Xtz w
bm hIy, kq{X a hn Zzmwkv Xw Nmcym
an Ww { _ K ho Z P tk, aqwtX hn
]XnjyXo Xn. thZhm Alw KuX a, XXv
kq{Xw Xw Nm cym anW anXn tbmhm CZw
I K
N P
313
{_qbmZv thZ thtZXn; bYm th XYm{_qlo
Xn.
KmKn ASnb Xns tijw bm hev Iyt\mSv Acp
Ws ]p{X \mb DmeI tNmZn p. bm hevIy Fv
kwt_m[\ sNbv Xv Abm ]dp: a{ZtZiv, I]ntKm
{X PmX \mb ]X es Krl n, bimkv {Xs
Ayb\w sNbvXpsImv \mw ]mncpp. Ahs
`mcy Hcp K\m {Kln sh Bbnop. B
Kt\mSv Av BcmWv? Fv R tNmZnp. B
K AYmhns ]p{X\mb I_\mIpp Fv
]d p. B K Im]y\mb ]X et\mSpw bw
Ayb\w sNphtcmSp tNmZnp Atbm Im]y,
GXn\memtWm Cu temIhpw Cu Phpw ]ctemIhpw
hcp Phpw, Fm `qX epw kr _v[fmbncnp
Xv, sIsncnpXv, B kq{Xs \o Adnbppthm?
B Im]y\mb ]Xe, `Khmt\, B kq{Xs Rm
Adnbpn Fp ]dp. B K Im]y\mb ]X
et\mSpw bmnImtcmSpw tNmZnp: Atbm Im]y,
BcmtWm Cu temItbpw, ]c temIt bpw, Fm `qX
tfbpw Dn CcppsImv banpXv (\nb {np
Xv) B A cymansb \o Adnbppthm? B Im]y\mb
]X e, `Khmt\, B Acymansb Rm Adnbpn
Fp ]dp. B K Im]y\mb ]X et\mSpw
bmn ImtcmSpw ]dp: Atbm Im]y, BcmtWm
B kq{Xtbpw B Acymantbbpw C{]Imcw Adn
bpXv , Ah {_s Adnbph\mIpp. Ah
temIsf Adnbp h\mIpp. Ah tZhmsc Adn
bph\mIpp. Ah thZsf Adn bph\mIpp.
Ah `qXsf Adnbp h\mIpp. Ah Bmhns\
Adnbph\mIpp. B Rv Ah kq{Xmcym
anIsf kw_n hnm\s ]dpX cnIbpw
sNbvXp. B hnmsX Rm Adnbpp. Atbm
bmhev Iy, B kq{X tbpw B Abmantbbpw
AdbmsXbmWv, \o {_mcpsS kzmb tKmsf
sXfnpsImpt]mIp sXn \ns Xe sXdnpt]mIpw
Fv. Atbm KuXa, B kq{Xtbpw B Acyman
tbbpw F\nv Adnbmatm Fv bmhevIy ]d
p. CXv F\nv Adnbmw Adnbmsav GsXmcph\pw
]dbmw. \o AdnbpXp t]mse ]dbpI Fv DmeI
]dp.
26. D] k tlmhm N hmbpss KuX a, X
q{Xw; hmbp\m ssh KuXa, kqt{XWmbw
N temIx ]c temIx khmWn N `qXm\n
kr _v[m\n `hn; XkvamssZz KuXa ]pcpjw
t{]X am lq hy{kw kn j Xm kymMv Km\oXn.
hmbp\m ln KuXa, kqt{XW kr_v [m\n
`ho Xn. Ghta sshXZv bmhev Iym
cymanWw {_qln Xn.
B bmhIy ]dp: Atbm KuXa, B
kq{Xw hmbphmIpp. KuXa, hmbphmIp kq{X m
et{X Cu temIhpw ]ctemIhpw Fm `qXfpw sI
s ncnp Xv. AXpsImmWv, acn ]pcpjmsc pdnv
Chs Ahb h Abpt]mbn Fv ]dbmdp
Xv . KuXa, AXn\m hmbphmIp kq{Xm BWv
sIs ncnp Xv. Atbm bm hIy, CXv C s\
Xs A cyman sb pdnp ]dbpI. Fp KuXa ]d
p.
27. D] bx ]rYnhymw XnjvT ]rYnhym Atcm,
bw ]rYnho \ thZ, bky ]rYnho icocw, bx
]rYn ho a tcm b ab tXyjX B f f
cym ayarXx.
BcmtWm ]rYnhnbn nXnsNbvXpsImv ]rYn
hnbn\nv Dnep h\mbncn p Xv, BscbmtWm
]rYnhotZhX Adn bm Xv, BmtWm icocw ]rYnhn
bmbncnpXv, BcmtWm Dn CcppsImv ]rYn
hotZhXsb \nb anpXv, Ch\mWv \ns Bmhp,
AarX\pw, bmsXmcp kwkmc[hpan m h\pamb
A cyman. Chs\ n bmWv \o tNmZn Xv.
28. D] tbm f ]v kp Xn jv T Zv t`ym f tcm,
bamt]m\ hnZp, cy kym f f ]x ico cw,
tbmt]m f tcmbabtXyj X Bm f cym
ayarXx
Bcv Ap I fn nXn sN bv Xp sImv Ap I
fn\nv Dnep h\mbncnppthm, Bsc ApI
fpsS tZhX Adnbpn tbm, Bv ApI icoc am
Ippthm, Bcv Dn CcppsImv ApIfpsS tZh
Xsb kz hym]mc n \nb anppthm Ch\mWv \ns
Bmhpw bmsXmcp kwkmc[hpanmh\pamb
A cyman.
29. tbm f u Xnjv T t c tcm, ba n
thZ, bkymnx icocw, tbm f natcmba
b, tXyj X Bm f cymayarXx.
Bcv Anbn nXn sNbvXpsImv Anbn\nv
Dnembn cnppthm, Bsc An tZhX Adnbpn
tbm Bv An icoc ambncnppthm, Bcv Dn
CcppsImv An tZhXsb kz hym]mc n \nb an
ppthm, Ah\m Wv , \ns Bmhp AarXhpw,
bmsXmcp kwkmc [hpan m h\pamb Acyman.
30. D] tbm f cot XnjvTcnmZtcm.
bacnw \ thZ, bkymcnw icocw,
tbm f cnatcmab, tXyj X Bm f
cymay arXx.
Bcv Acon nXn sNbvXpsImv Aco
n\np Dnembncnppthm, Bsc A co
I K
N P
314
tZhX Adnbpntbm, Bv Acow icocambncn
ppthm, Bcv DncppsImv AcotZhXsb kz
hym]m c n \nb an p p thm, Ch \m Wv , \ns
Bmhpw AarX hpamb A cyman.
31. D] tbm hmbu XnjvT hmtbmctcm, bw
hmbpthZ, bky hmbpx icocw. tbm hmbp
atcm bab, tXyj X Bm f cymayarXx.
Bcv hmbphn nXnsNp h\pw hmbphnt\ m
Dnep h\pambncnppthm, Bsc hmbptZhX Adn
bpntbm Bv hmbp icocambncnppthm, Bcv
DnencppsImv hmbptZhsXb \nb anppthm, Ch
\mWv \ns Bmhpw AarX\pamb Acyman.
32. D] tbm Znhn XnjvT Znthm f tcm, bw
Zru thZ, bky Zyux icocw, tbm Znha
tcm bab, tXyj X Bm f cymayarXx.
Bcv tZymhn Ccnph\pw tZymhn t\ m Dn
ep h\pambncn ppthm, Bsc tZymhv,ZyptZhX Adn
bpn tbm, Bv tZymhp icocambncnppthm, Bcv
DnencppsImv tZymhns\ZyptZhXsb \nbanp
pthm Ch\mWv \ns Bmhp AarX\pamb Acym an.
33. D] b BZntXy XnjvTmZnXymZtcm, bam
ZntXym \ thZ bkym f f ZnXyx icocw b B
ZnXyatcm bab, tXyj X Bm f cymay
arXx
Bcv BZnXy\n nXnsNph\pw BZnXyt\ m
Dnep h\pambncnppthm Bsc BZnXytZhX Adn
bpntbm, Bv BZnXy icoc ambncnppthm,
Bcv Dn CcppsImv BZn XytZhXsb \nbanp
pthm, Ch\mWv \ns Bmhp AarX\pamb A
cyman.
34. D] tbm `np XnjvS ZnKvt`ym f tcm bw
Zntim \ hnZp, cyky Znix icocw, tbm Zntim
f tcm ba b, tXyj X Bm f cymay
arXx.
BcmtWm ZnpIfn nXnsNph\pw ZnpI
fn\nv Dn eph\pambncnpXv , BscbmtWm
ZnpI, ZnKvtZhXI Adnbm Xv, BmtWm Znp
I icoc ambn cnp Xv, BcmtWm Dn encppsImv
ZnpIsf ZnKvtZhX Isf \nbanpXv , Ch\mWv \ns
Bmhpw AarX\pamb A cyman.
35. D] b{XmctI Xnjv Tw { Xmc Im Ztcm,
bw N{XmcIw \ thZ, bky N{XmcIw ico
cw, b { Xm c I a tcm bab tXyjy X
Bm f cymayarXx.
BcmtWm N{ \nepw \{X fnepw nXnsNp
h\pw N{t\ mfpw \{X sfmfpw Dneph\p
ambncnpXv BscbmtWm N{sbpw \{Xfp
sSbpw tZhX Adnbm Xv, BmtWm N{\pw \{X
fpw icoc ambncnp Xv, BcmtWm DnencppsImv
N{ sbpw \{X fpsSbpw tZhXsb \nb anpXv,
Ch\mWv, \ns Bmhpw Aar X \pamb A cyman.
36. b BImtiXnjvTmImimZtcm, bamImti
\ thZ, bkym f f Imix icocw, b BImi
a tcm ba b, tXj X Bm f cym ay
arXx
BcmtWm BImin nXn sNp h\pw, BIm
itm Dnep h\pw BbncnpXv, BscbmtWm
BImitZhX Adnbm Xv, BmtWm BImiw icoc
ambncnp Xv, BcmtWm DnencppsImv BImitZ
hXsb \nb anpXv, Ch\mWv, \ns Bmhpw Aar
X\pamb Acyman.
37. D] bkv X akn XnjvTwkvXatkm f tcm, bw
Xtam \ thZ, bky Xax icocw, bkv Xtam f
tcm bab, tXj X Bm f cymayarXx
BcmtWm XanBhcWmIamb _mlyXa
n nXn sNph\pw Xans\m Dneph
\pambn cn pXv, Bsc bmtWm Xa v , XtamtZhX, Adn
bpnmXv BmtWm Xav icocambncnp Xv ,
BcmtWm Dn encppsImv Xans\, XtamtZhX sb,
\nban p Xv, Ch\mWv, \ns Bmhpw AarX\pamb
A cyman.
38. D] bkvtXPkn XnjvTwkvtXtkm f tcm, bw
tXtPm \ thZ bky tXPx icocw, bkvtXtPm
f tc, bab, tXyj X Bm f cymay
arXx CXy [nssZhXw.
BcmtWm tXP n {]Imikmam\ynn Xn
sNph\pw, tXP ns\m Dn Dh\pambncn
p Xv, Bsc bmtWm tXPvtXtPmtZhX Adnbp Xn
mXv, BcmtWm Dffn CcppsImv tXtPmtZhXsb
\nb anp Xv, Ch\mWv \ns Bmhpw AarX\pamb
A cyman. C s\ bmWv Acymantb kw_n A[n
ssZhXamb Zi\w.
39. D] A Ym [n `q Xw bx kthjp `qtXjp
XnjvT ktht`ym `qtXt`ym f tcm, bw
khmWn `qXm\n \hn Zp, cyky khmWn
`qXm\n icocw, bx khmWn `qXm\ytcm
bab tXyj X Bm f cymayarXx CXy[n
`qXw
A\cw `qXfn Acymansb kw_np
Zi\s dbpp: BcmtWm Fm `qXfnepw nXn
sNp h\pw Fm `qX sfmfpw Dnep h\pambn
I K
N P
315
cn pXv Bsc bmtWm Fm `qXfpw AdnbmXncnp
Xv, BmtWm Fm `qXfpw icoc ambn cnp Xv,
BcmtWm Fm `qXtebpw Dnen cppsImv \nb
anp Xv, Ch\mWv \ns Bmhpw AarX\pamb A
cyman. Cs\ `qX fn A cymansb kw_n p
Zi\w.
40. D] AYm[ymw bx {]mtW XnjvT {]mWm
Z tcm, bw {]mtWm \ th Z, bky {]mWx
icocw, bx {]mWascm babtXjy X B
f cym ayarXx
A\cw Bmhn A cymansb kw_np
Zi\w ]dbpp: BcmtWm {]mW\n nXnsNp
h\pw {]mWt\m Dnep h\pambncnp Xv, Bsc
bmtWm {]mW Adn bmXncn pXv , BmtWm
{]mW icoc ambncn pXv, BcmtWm Dnencpp
sImv {]mWs\ \nb an p Xv . Ch \mWv \ns
Bmhpw AarX\pamb A cyman.
41. D] tbm hmNn XnjvT hmtNm f tcm, bw
hmMv \ thZ, bky hmIv icocw tbm
hmNatcm babtXyj X Bm f cymay
arXx
BcmtWm hmn nXn sNph\pw hmnt\
m Dnep h\pw BbncnpXv, BscbmtWm hmv
AdnbmXn cn pXv , BmtWm hmv icocambncnp
Xv, BcmtWm hmns# Dn en cppsImv \nban p
Xv, Ch\mWv \ns Bmhpw AarX\pamb A cyman .
42. D] bpjn XnjvTw ptjm f tcm,
bw Np thZ bky Npx icocw, b
pctcm babtXyj X Bm f cymay
arXx
BcmtWm Npn nXn sNp h\pw Npn
t\ m Dnep h\pw BbncnpXv, Bsc Npv
Adnbpntbm, Bv Npv icoc ambncnppthm,
Bcv Npns\ DnencppsImv \nb anppthm,
Ch\mWv \ns Bmhp AarX\pamb Acyman.
43. D] bx t{imt{XXnjvT t{im{XmZtcm, bw
t{im{Xw \th Z, bky t{im{Xw ico cw, bx
t{ im{ X a tcm ba b tXyjy X Bm f
cymayarXx
BcmtWm t{im{Xn nXn sNp h\pw t{im{X
s m Dneph\pambncn p Xv, Bsc t{im{Xw
Adn bpn tbm, BmtWm t{im{Xw icoc ambn cnp
Xv, BcmtWm t{imXs Dnen cppsImp \nban
p Xv, Ch\mWv \ns Bmhpw AarX \pamb A
cyman.
44. D] tbm a\kn Xnjv T a\tkm f tcm,
bw at\m \ thZ, bky a\x icocw, tbm at\m
f tcm bab tXyj X Bm f cym ay
arXx
BcmtWm a\n nXnsNph\pw a\nt\
m Dneph\pambncnp Xv, Bsc a\v Adnbp
ntbm, Bv a\v icoc amIppthm, Bcv a\ ns\
Dn CcppsImv \nb anppthm, Ch\mWv , \ns
Bmhpw AarX\pamb A cyman.
45. D] bkzNn Xnjv Tw kvXztNm f tcm, bw
XzMv \ thZ, bky XzIv icocw, bkv Xz Na
tcm babtXyj X Bm f cymayarXx
BcmtWm Xzn nXnsNph\pw Xzns\
m Dn Dh\pambncnp Xv , Bsc Xzv Adn
bpn tbm, Bv Xzv icocamIppthm, Bcv
Xzns\ Dn en cpp \nbanppthm, Ch\mWv \ns
Bmhpw AarX\pamb A cyman.
46. D] tbm hnmt\ XnjvT hnm\mZ
tcm, bw hnm\w \ thZ, bky hnm\w
icocw, tbm hnm\atcmbabtXyj X
Bm f cymayarXx
Bcv hnm\ n nXn sNp h\pw hnm\
sm Dnep h\pw Bbncnppthm, Bsc
hnm\w Adnbpntbm, Bp hnm\w icocam
Ippthm, Bcv Dn en cppsImv hnm\s \nb
anppthm, Cs\bp \ns BmhmWv AarX\mb
A cyman.
47. D] tbm tcX knXnjvT tcXtkm f tcm,
bw tcmtXm XthZ bky tcXx icocw, tbm
tcmtXm f tcm babtXyj X Bm f Xcym
ayartXm f rtm {Zw f {ipXx t{imXm, f
atXm am f hnmtXm hnmX\mt\ym
f tXm f kv Xn{Z m, \mt\ym f tXm f kv Xn
t{imXm, \mt\ym f tXm f kvXnaw \mt\ym
f tXm f kv Xn hnm ssXj X Bm f
cymayartXm f tXym\yZmw. XtXm tlmm
eI BcpWncp]ccma.
BcmtWm tcXn nXn sNp h\pw tcXns\
m Dn D h\pw BbncnpXv, tcXv Btc Adn
bpn tbm Bv tcXp icoc ambncnppthm
BcmtWm Dn CcppsImv tcXns\ \nb {n p
Xv A s\ bp \ns BmhmWv AarX\pw Zi\
hnjb amImh\pw Zinp h\pw {ihWn hnj
bamImh\pw Fm {ihnph\pw a\ev]
n\p hnjbamIm h\pw Fm a\\w sNp h\pw
hnm\n\p hnjb amImh\pw Fm hnm
I K
N P
316
Xmhpw Bb A cym an. Ch \n\np A\y \mbn
Zrmthm t{imXmthm amthm hnmXmthm C. C
s\bp \ns BmhmWv Acymanbpw AarX\pw
Bbncnp Xv. aph B ampp (hn\minbmIp
p). A\ cw BcpWn bmb DmeI AS n.
Fmw {_mWw
48. D] AY l hmNIv\hyphmN{_mWm `Kh
tm, lmlanawZzu {]iv\u {]yman; Xu
tNt hyXn, \PmXp bpjvamI anawInZv
{_tmZyw tPtX Xn. ]r Kmlo. Xn.
A\ cw hNIv \phns ]p{Xn ]dp: `Khmmcmb
{_mWsc, Ctm Rm Cht\mSp cp {]iv\ sf
tNmZnmw. AhbpsS Dcw FtmSv ]dbp]w
\nfn Hcph\pw Chs\ {_hmZs kw_nv
Pbnphm\mbn DmIpIbn . Fv. Atbm KmKn,
tNmZn psImI Fv B {_mW A\phZn p.
49. D] ktlmN Alw ssh Xzm bmhevIy,
bYm Imtiym hm sshtZtlm thm{K]p{X
Dyw [\pc [nPyw IrXzm Zzu _mWhu
k] Xv \m Xn hym [n \u lkv tX IrtXz m
t]mnjv tTm tZhta hmlw Xzm Zzm`ymw {]iv\m
`ymapt]mZ mw. Xu ta {_qln CXn. {]
KmKn CXn.
Ah ]dp: Atbm bm hIy Rm
\ntmSv cp tNmZyw tNmZnm t]mIpp. F{]Imc
amtWm Imiyt\m ImincmPmthmD{K]p{X\mb iqc hwi
n P\nhntZl cmPmthm Rm AgnpIfnp
[\pns\ Rm sInbXmnbnv _mW tfmSp IqSn
bhbpw i{Xpsf Ghpw ]oUnnphbpw Bb
cp ic sf ssIbn hlnpsImv ASp Fgp
t ev p Xv, C{]ImcwXs Rm cp {]iv \ tfmSp
IqSn \ns ASp Fgpt ncnpp. Ahbv v
FtmSv Dcw ]dbpI. KmKn tNmZnpsImI. F
bhIy adp]Sn ]dp.
50. D] kmtlmhmN bZqzw bmhevIy,
Znth, bZhmIv ]r Ynhym, bZcm Zymhm]rYnho
Cta, bZv `qXw N`h `hnjytXym NtXm
Ikvanw kvXtZmXw t{]mXw tN Xn.
Ah ]dp: bmhev Iy, GsXmns\ bmtWm
tZymhn\nv apIfn es A I]men\nv apI
fnepw GsXmns\bmtWm Xmgs AI]men\v ASn
bnepw GsXmns\ bmtWm CuZym hm ]rYhnIfpsS
CSbvpw DXv Fpw GXns\ bmtWm `qX sapw
ham\sap `hnjyspw BKahnpI ]d bp
Xv, B kq{Xw FnemWv HmXhpw t{]mXhpambncn pXv?
51. D] ktlmhmN. bZqzw KmKn Znthm bZ
hmIv]rYnhym, bZcmZymhm]rYnho Cta, bZv
`qXw N `h `hnjytXymN X BImti
XtZmXw N t{]mXw tN
Ah ]dp: KmKo, GXns\bmtWm tZymhn\p apI
enepw, GXns\bmtWm ]rYnhnp Xmtgbpw GXns\
bmtWm Cu Zymhm]rYnhnp a[ynepw DXv Fpw
GXns\bmtWm `qXsap h am\ sapw `hnjys
pw ]dbpXv, AXpB kq{Xw BImin emWv HmX
ambpw t{]mXambpan cnpXv Fv.
52. D] km tlmhmN \akvtX f kvXp bh
ev Iy, tbm a GXw hythmtNm f ]ckv ssa
[mc btkz Xn. ]r KmKo Xn
Ah ]dp: bm hev Iy, Fs Cu {]iv \s
\hw ]d Atbvv \akv Imcw! asmcp {]iv\
n\v XmdmbnsmI. KmKo, tNmZnpsImI Fp
bmhIy ]dp.
53. D] km tlmhmN bZqzw bmhIy,
Znthm, bZ hmIv ]rYn hym, bZ cm Zymhm
]rYnho Cta, Zv `qXw N `h `hnjytXymN
tX, Ikvanw kvXtZmXw t{]mXw tNXn.
(C Xns A\zbw 50 mat Xn DXpXs)
54. D] ktlmhmN bZqzw KmKn Znthm, bZ
hmIv ]rYnhym, bZcm Zymhm]rYnho Cta,
bZv `qXw N` h `hn jy tXym NtX
BImi Gh XtZmXw Nt{ hmXw tN Xn .
Ikvan \p JezmImi HmX t{]mXt Xn.
(b Zqzw apX BNtX hsc apv ]dXpt]mse.)
AXv BImin XsbmWv HmXhpw t{]mXhpam
bn cnpXv. Fv bmhevIy ]dp. Fn emWv
BImiw HmXhpw t{]mXhpambncnpXv? Fp KmKn
hopw tNmZnp.
55. D] ktlmhmN GXssZz XZcw KmKn
{_mWm A`n h Z y q e, a\ {l kz,
aZoL, atemlnX, akvt\l, amb, aXtam
f hm, bz\mImi, akMvK, ac k, aK aN
pjv I, at{im{X aam, Kat\m f tXP kv I,
a{]mWaapJ, aam{X, a\c, a_mlyw; \XZ
iv\mXnInwN\, \ XZviv\mXn I\
Ah ]dp: KmKo, \o tNmZnXv CXmWv: A c
sapcnmsXv {_m W ]d bpp. AXv qe
amXpw hepX m XpwAWp AmXpw, {lkza
mXpw, ZoLamXpw, NphmXpw, kvt\l
sa ApIfpsS KpWa m Xpw, Omb b m Xpw, Xa
m Xpw, hmbphmXpw, BImiamXpw, Ac
I K
N P
317
pt]mse kwKm Ia m Xpw, ckampw, K am
Xpw, Npn m Xpw, t{im{XanmXpw, hmnm
XpwhmKn{nbanm Xpw, a\ nmXpw, tXP n
mXpw, {]mW CmXpw, apJanmXpw, am{X
AmXpw Acw Cm Xpw, _ln`mKan mXpw
BIpp. AXv Hnt\ bpw `n pn. AXns\ Bcpw
`npn.
56. D] GXky hm Acky {]imkt\ Km
Kn , kqcym N { a sku hn [rXu Xn jv TXx
GXky hm A cky {]im kt\ KmKn,
Zymhm]rYn shyu hn[rtX XnjvTXx GXky
hm A cky {]im kt\ KmKn, \ntajm
aplqm, Atlm cm{Xm, Aamkm, EXhx
kwhcm CXn hn[rXmkvXnjvTn. GXky
hm Acky {]imkt\ KmKn, {]mtNym f
\ym \Zyx kyt tiztX`yx ] tX`yx,
{]XotNym f \ym bmw bmw N Znia \p. GX
kyhm Acky {]imkt\ KmKn, ZZtXm
a\pjym {]iwkn; bPam\mw tZhm Zow
]nXmtcm f \zmbmx
Atbm KmKn, Cu Acns {]imk\n em
WvB bnemWv , kqcy\w N{\pw hn[mcWw sNs
hcmbn\ne bv p\ns hcmbn nXn sNpXv .
KmKo, Cu A cns {]imk\nemWv tZymhpw
]rYnhnbpw hn[rXfmbn nXnsNp Xv. KmKo, Cu
A c ns {]imk\ nemWv \ntaj aplq
Atlmcm{X, Aamk ]IpXn amk,
amk, kwh c C s\ bp Imemhb h
hn[mcWw sN sp nXnsNp Xv. KmKo, Cu A
c ns {]imk\ nemWv, tizX fmb shfp ]
X fn\nv {]mNnIfmb IngtmsmgpIp thsd \Zn
Ifpw, ]SnmtdmsmgpIp thsd \ZnIfpw AXmXp Znn
tev HgpIpXv . KmKo, Cu Acns {]imk\
nemWv , Zm\wsNph hsc a\pjy {]iwknpXpw
tZhm bPam\ t\bpw ]nXr Zotlmatbpw
A\zm bcmbncn p XpwA\pKX cmbncnpXpw.
57. D] tbm hm GX Z cw KmKy hn ZnXzm f
kv an temtI Pq tlmXn, bP tX, X] kv X
]ytX _lqXn hj k l {km, Wy h tZ
hmky XZv`h Xn; tbm hm GXZcw KmKy
hnZnXzm f kvamtmImXv ss{]Xn, Ir]Wx AY
b GXZcw KmKn, hnZznXzm f kvamtm ImXv
ss{]Xn k {_mWx.
KmKo, BcmtWm Cu temIn, Cu Acs
AdnbmsX At\ Imbncw hjw Xs Bbmepw tlman
tbm bPntbm X]p sNbv Itbm sNp Xv, Chs
B I fpsS ^ew Ahkm\ apXv BIpp. KmKo,
BcmtWm Cu A cs Adn bmsX Cu temI
n\np ]c temItp t]mIpXv, Ah Ir]W
\mIpp. ]ns BcmtWm KmKo, Cu A cs Adn
nv Cu temIn\nv ]c temIntep t]mIp
Xv, Ah {_mW\mIpp.
58. D] XZzm GXZcw KmKyZrw {Z{ipXw
t{im{X aXw a,{ hnmXw hnmXr: \m
\yZtXm f kv Xn { Z jv Sr, \m\y ZtXm f
kvXnt{imXr \m\yZtXm f kvXnar \m\yZtXm
f kvXn hn mXr GXkvan \p Jeeztc
KmKymImi HmX t{]mX CXn.
Atbm KmKo, As\bp Cu Acw, Zin
sSmXpw Fm {ZmhpamIpp Zi\{Inbm
ImhpamIpp. {ihn sSmXpw t{imXmhpamIp
p. {ihWImhpamIpp. a\\w sNsSmXpw
a{mhpamIppa\\ {InbmImhpamIpp. \n bcq
]n Adnb sSm Xpw, hnm\ {InbmImhpam
Ipp. CXn\nv A\yambn {Zmhn. CXn\nv A\y
ambn t{imXmhn. CXn\nv A\yambn amhn.
CXn\np A\yambn hnmXmhn . Atbm KmKn,
Cu AcnemWv BImiw HmXhpw t{]mXhpambncn
p Xv.
59. D] km tlmhmN {_mWm `KhkvXtZh
_lp am t\y[z w bZ kv am a kv Im tc
WaptNy[zw; \ ssh PmXp bpjv am I anaw
In Zv { _tmZyw tPXm CXn XtXm l
hmNIv \hyp ]c cma.
bmhevIyhN\w tIv KmKn ]dp: `Khmm
cmb {_mWtc, Ctln\nv \akvImcwsImp
tamN\w Inp Xn s\ s hep Xmbn hnNm cn p
sImhn. \nfn Hcph\pw Ctls {_hmZ
n Pbnph\mbn Hcnepan. A\cw hmN
Iv \hn ASn.
H]Xmw {_mWw
60. D] AY ssl\w hnZKvx imIeyx ] {]
IXn tZhm bmhevIy CXn. ksslXssbh
\nhnZm {]Xnt]tZ... bmhtm sshiztZhky
\nhn Zyp Ny t. {Xb{Xo N iXm {X b
{ XoNk l{ km CXn . Hm an Xn tlm hmN.
ItXyhm tZhm bmhevIy CXn. {Xbkv{Xnw
iXv CXn. Hm anXn tl hmN. ItXy h tZhm
bmhevtIy Xn. j UnXn. Hm anXntlmhm
N. ItXyh tZhm bmhevtIyXn. {Xb CXn.
Hm anXn tlmhm N. ItXyh tZhm bm
hevtIy Xn. ZzmhnXn. Hm anXntlmhmN. ItXyh
tZhm bmhev tIy Xn. A[y CXn Hm
I K
N P
318
anXntlm hmN ItXyh tZh bmhevtIyXn.
GI CXn Hm anXn tlmhmN. IXta tX. {Xb
{Xo NiXm {Xb {XoN klt{k Xn.
A\cw bmhevIyt\mSv iIes A]Xyamb
hnZKv[ F {_mW tNmZnp: bmhev Iy tZh
m F{X? bmhevIy Cu \nhn psImpXs
Dcw ]dp: sshiztZhns \nhn ]dbpXp
F{Xtbm A{X bpw; AXmbXv: aqpw aqp\qdpw aqpw
aqhmbnchpw Fv. imIey icn Fp ]dp. bm
hevIy ]c amn tZhm F{X? Fv hopw imI
ey tNmZnp. apnaqv Fp bm hevI Dcw
]dp. icn Fp imIey kXn p. bmhevIy,
tZhm F{Xtb Dq Fp hopw tNmZnp. Bdv Fp
bmhevIy Dcw ]dp. icn Fp Imkey
kXnp. bmhevIy, tZhm Xobmbn F{X?
Fp hopw tNmZyw. aqv Fp cw. icn Fp imI
ey ]dp. bmhevIy tZhm F{Xam{XamWv?
Fp ]nsbpw tNmZyw. cv Fpcw icn Fp kmI
ey ]dp. bmhev Iy tZhm F{Xam{Xw? Fp
]nsbpw tNmZyw A[yw (Hc) Fpcw icn
Fp imIey ]dp. bmhev Iy, tZhm F{X
am{Xw? Fp ]nsbpw tNmZyw Hv Fv Dcw. icn
Fp imIey ]dp. B aqpw apqdpw aqpw aqhm
bn chpw FsXmw? Fp ]nsbpw imIey tNmZnp.
61. D] k tlmhmN alnam\ Gsshjmta tX;
{Xbkv {Xnw itzh tZhm CXn. IXtatX
{Xbkv{XnCwi ZnXn. Auh kh, GImZicp
{ Zm, Zz mZim f f Zn Xymkv X GI { Xn w i,
Zn{ssivNh {]Pm]Xn{X bkv {Xnwim hnXn.
bm hev Iy ]dp ta]d aqhmbnc nap
qmdp tZhm apn aqp tZhmcpsS alnamhpI
am{XamWv . hmkv Xhnep tZhmcmIs apnaqt
bpq Fv. B apnaqv GsXmw? Fp hopw
imIeys tNmZyw Fp hkp, ]Xns\mpw cp{Zm,
]{p BZnXym Ah apsmv; C{\pw {]Pm]
Xnbpw apnaqp XnIbvph Fv bmh
evIys Dcw.
62. D] IXta hkh CXn, An ]rYnhoN
hmbpmcnw Nm f f ZnXyZyu N{
am \ {XmWn ssNtX hkhx; GtXjp
loZw kw lnXanXn, X kvamZzkh CXn.
hkp Bscmw? Fp tNmZyw. Anbpw ]rYn
hnbpw hmbphpw A cohpw BZnXy\pw tZymhpw N{
apw \{X fpw ChcmWv hkp. C hcnemWtm
Cu PKv Fmw hbv s ncnpXv; Fv AXn\m
hkp Fp ]db s Spp.
63. D] IXta cp{Zm CXn Zita ]pcptj {]mWm
Bss Im Zix tX bZm f kv am cn
dmymZpXv {ImayY tcmZbn. XZyt{Zm
Zbn, Xkvam{Zp{Zm CXn
cp{Zm GsXmw? Fp tNmZyw. ]pcpj\nep Cu
{]mW ]pw, ]Xns\mmaXmbn Bmhpw Ah
Ftm ayamb\ izc amb icoc n\nv DXv{Ian
ppthm Atm tcmZnnpp]tcXs kw_n
Isf Ic bnpp. Atm tcmZnnp Xn\m cp{Zm
Fp ]dbsSpp Fp bmhev Iy ]dp.
64. D] IXa BZnXym CXn. ZzmZi ssham kmx
kwhcky GX BZnXymx GtXloZw kh
amZZm\m bn. tX bZnZw khamZZm\mbn
XkvamZmZnXy CXn.
BZnXym GsXmw? Fp tNmZyw. Hcp kwhc
n\v ]{p amk fmWtm D Xv. ChcmWv BZnXy
m. ChcmWtm CXns\ Fmw{]mWnIfpsS Bbpn
t\bpw {I^etbpw FSppsImv t]mIpXv.
Ah bmsXmcp ImcWm CXns\ Fmw BZm\w
sNbvXpsImv t]mIppthm AXn\m BZnXym
Fp ]db s Spp. Fv.
65. D] IXa C{x? IXax {]Pm]Xn cnXnkvX\
bnXv \ptc tht{m b{]Pm]XcnXn. IXa
kvX\ bnXv\p cnXn. Ai\n cnXn IXtam b
CXn. ]ih CXn.
C{ GXv? {]Pm]Xn GXv? Fp tNmZyw. C{
kv X\ bnXv\pXs. {]Pm]Xn b amIpp. Fp cw.
kv X\ bnXv\p GXmWv ? Fp tNmZyw. Ai\n Fpcw
btaXv? Fp tNmZyw ]ip Fpcw.
66. D] IXtajvUnXn An ]rYnhoN hmbp
mcow Nm f f ZnXy ZyusstXjSv.
GtX loZw khw GtXjSv CXn.
Bdp tZhm GXv? Fp tNmZyw Anbpw ]rYn
hnbpw hmbphpw A cohpw BZnXy\pw tZymhpw; Ch
cmWv Bdv. Cu PKsmw ChcmdpamWtm Fp
cw.
67. D] IXta tX {Xtbm tZhm CXn. Ca Gh
{Xtbm temImx Gjp lnta kth tZhm CXn.
IXau Xu Zzu tZhm hnXn. Aw ssNh{]m
Wt Xn. IXtam f [y CXn tbm f bw
]hX CXn.
B aqp tZhm Bscmw? Fp tNmZyw. Cu aqp
temIXs. Cu aqp temIfnemWtm Cu tZh
mcpw Fpcw. B cp tZh m Bscmw? Fp
tNmZyw. Ahpw {]mW\pw XsFpcw. Hcw GXv
I K
N P
319
Fp tNmZyw BcmtWm Cu ]h\w sNpXv, Ah
hmbp Fv D cw.
68. D]XZmlp cyZb taI Csshh ]htX f Y
IYa[yy CXn. bZkvannZw kha[ym[v
t\mXv , tX\m [yx IXa GtIm tZh CXn.
{]mW CXn. k{_, XyZXymNtX
B hnjbn Nne tNmZnpp bmsXmcp Imc
Wm Cu hmbp HmbnpXs ]h\w sNppthm
AXn \m F s\ bmWv A[y amIpXv ? Fv
bmsXmcp Imc Wm Cu hmbphn CsXmw A[njvTn
Xambnv Ensb {]m]n ppthm AXn\m A\y
Fp ]db s Spp Fpcw. Hcp tZh Bcv? Fp
tNmZyw. {]mW Fp cw. AXv {_amIpp. AXns\
XyXv Fpw ]dbpp.
69. D] ]rYznthyh bkym f f bX\, antm
tIm, at\m tPym Xn, tcymssh Xw ]pcpjw
hnZymXv khkym f f \x ]cmbWw, k
sshthZnXm kymZym m Xh ev Iy. thZ hm
Alw Xw ]pcpjw khkym f f \x ]cm
bWw bam; b Ghmbw imcocx ]pcpjx k
Gjx hssZh i Iey. Xky ImtZhtX Xn.
AarX anXn tlmhmN
Bv, B{ibw ]rYn hnXs BIppthm, temIw
temI\ km[ \wAnbmIppthm, tPymXnvkev ]hn
Iev]mZn Imcywa\ mIppthm, B ]pcpjs\ Fm
Bmhn\pw ]c amb Ab \ ambn BcmtWm AdnbpXv ,
Ah am{Xta Atbm bmhevIy, Adnhph\mI
bpq. Fp imIey ]d p. GXp ]pcpjs\ Fm
Bmhn\pw ]cmb Wambn \o ]dbppthm, B ]pcpj
s\, F\np Adn bmatm. Cu icoc nep ]pcpj
XsbmWv Ch. Atbm imIey, C\nbpw tNmZnp
sImpI. Fp bm hev Iy adp]Sn ]dp. Ah\v
B imcoc \mb ]pcpj\v tZhX GXv? Fp imIeys
tNmZyw. AarXw Fv bmhevIy Dcw ]dp.
70. D] ImaGh bkym f f bX\w, lrZbw tem
tIm, at\m tPymXntcym ssh Xw ]pcpjw hn
tZymXv kh kym f f \x ]cmbWw, k
ssh thZnXm kymZym h ev Iy. thZ hm
Alw Xw ]pcpjw khkymm f f \x ]cm
bWw bam; b Ghmbw Imaabx ]pcpjx,
k Gjw h ssZh imIey. Xky Im tZhtX
Xn kv{Xnb CXn tlm hmN.
Bv Imaw Xs Bb X\w (B{ibw) BIppthm,
lrZbw temIamIppthm, a\v kkp tPymXnmIppthm
B ]pcpjs\ Fm Bmhn\pw ]camb B{ib ambn
Bcv Adnbppthm Ah am{Xta bmhev Iym, Adn
hph BIbpp, Fp imIey ]dp. Bsc
Fm Bmhn\pw ]cmbWambn \o ]dbppthm, B ]pcp
js\ Rm Adnbpptm. Cu Imaab \mb ]pcpj
Btcm, Ah BWv Ch. imIey, C\nbpw tNmZnp
sImpI Fp bm hev Iy adp]Sn ]dp. B Ima
ab \mb ]pcpj\v tZhX GXv? Fp imIey tNmZnp.
kv {XoI Fp bmhev Iy ]dp.
71. D] cq]mtWyh bkym f f bX\w, Np
temtIm, at\mtPymXn, tcym ssh Xw ]pcpjw
hnZymXv khkym f f \x ]cmbWw k
ssh thZnXm kymZym m h ev Iy. thZ hm
Alw Xw ]pcpjw kkym f f \x ]cm
bWw bam, b GhmkmhmZn tXy ]pcpjx
k Gjx h ssZh imIey Xky Im tZhtXXn.
kXy anXn tlm hmN
Bv ipIr jvWmZn cq] Xs B{ib amIp
pthm Npp temIamIppthm a\p tPymXnmIp
pthm B ]pcpjs\ Fm Bmhn\pw ]cmb Wambn
B Adnbppthm, Ah am{Xta Atbm bmh
evIy, Adnbph\mIbpp Fp imIey ]dp.
GXp ]pcpjs\ Fm Bmhn\pw ]cmb Wambn \o ]d
bppthm, B ]pcpjs\ Rm Adnbppv. B, BZn
Xy\n ep ]pcpj Btcm Ah\mWv Ch. imIey,
C\nbpw tNmZnpItb thp. Fp bm hev Iy adp
]Sn ]dp. B tZh\v tZhX GXmWv? Fp imIey
tNmZnp. kXyamIpp Fp bm hevIy Dcw ]d
p.
72. D] BImi Ghbkym f f bX\w, t{im{Xw
temtIm, at\m tPymXntcym ssh Xw ]pcpjw
hnZymXv kkym f f \x ]cmbWw, k
ssh thZnXm kym ZymPv R hev Iy thZ hm
Alw Xw ]pcpjw kkym f f \x ]cm
bWw bam; b Ghmbw {iu{Xx {]mXn
{ipXvIx ]pcpjx k Gjx. h ssZhimIey.
Xky Im tZhtX Xn. Zni CXn tlmhmN
GXp ]pcpj\v , BImiw Xs BbX\ amIppthm,
t{im{Xw temIamIppthm, a\v tPymXn mIppthm,
B ]pcpjs\ Fm Bmhn\pw ]cmbWambn BcmtWm
AdnbpXv Ah am{Xta bm hevIym! Adnbp h
BIbpq. Fp imIey ]dp. Bsc Fm Bm
hn\pw ]cmb Wambn \o ]dbppthm, B ]pcpjs\ Rm
Adnbpp. t{im{X neph\pw {]Xn{ihWthfbn
hntijnv Zm\w sNph\pamb Cu ]pcpj Btcm,
Ah\mWv Ch, imIeym, tNmZnpsImpItb thp
Fp bmhevIy Dcw ]dp. Ah\p tZhX
GXv? Fp imIey tNmZnp. ZnpI Fv bm h
evIy adp]Sn ]dp.
I K
N P
320
73. D] Xa Gh bkym f f bX\w, lrZbw tem
tIm, at\m tPymXn, tcym ssh Xw ]pc pjw
hnZymXv khkym f f \x ]cmbWw, k
sshthZnXm kymZymhevIy. thZ hm Al,
Xw ]pcpjw khkym f f \x ]cmbWw
bam; b Ghmbw Ombmabx ]pcpjx k
Gjx hssZh imIey. Xky Im tZhtX Xn.
arXyp cnXn tlmhmN
GXp ]pcpj\v, XapXs BbX\amIppthm,
lrZbw temIamIppthm, a\p tPymXn mIppthm,
B ]pcp js\ Fm Bm hn\pw ]cm b W sav
BtcmtWm Adn bpXv, Ah am{X ta, bmhevIym,
Adpb h\mIbpq Fp imIey ]dp. Bsc
Fm Bmhn\pw ]c amb B{ib ambn \o ]dbppthm,
B ]pcpjs\ Rm Adnbpp. Cu Ombma b \mb ]pcp
j BcmtWm Ah Xs bmWv Ch. imIey
C\nbpw tNmZnpsImptb thq Fp bmh
evIy ]d p. Ahv tZhX GXv Fp imIey tNmZn
p. arXyp Fp bm hev Iy Dcw ]dp.
74. D] cq]mtWyh bky f f bX \w, Nq
temtIm, at\mtPymXn, tcym ssh Xw ]pcpjw
hnZymXv khkym f f \x ]cmbWw, k
ssa thZnXm kymZymhevIy thZ hm Alw
Xw ]pcpjw khkym f f \x ]cmbWw
bam; b GhmbamZti ]pcpjx k Gjx.
hssZh imIey Xky Im tZhtXXn. Akp
cnXn tlmhmN
GXp ]pcpj\v cq]Xs B{ib amIppthm,
Npp temIamIppthm, a\p tPmXnmIppthm,
B ]pcpjs\ Fm Bmhn\pw ]camb B{ib ambn
BcmtWm AdnbpXv, Ah am{Xta, bmhevIy,
Adnbph\mIbpq. Fp imIey ]dp. Bsc
bmtWm Fm Bmhn\pw ]camb B{ibambn \o ]d
bppXv, B ]pcpjs\ Rm Adnbpp. BZin
D Cu ]pcpj GtXm, Ah XsbmWv Ch. imI
ey, C\nbpw tNmZnpsImpI. Fp bmhevIy
]dp. B ]pcpjs tZhX GXv? Fp imIey
tNmZnp. Akp Fp bmhevIy Dcw ]dp.
75. D] B] Gh bkym f f bX \w, lrZbw
temtIm, at\mtPymXn, tcymssh Xw ]pcpjw
hnZymXv khkym f f \x ]cm bWw k
ssh thZnXm kymZym hev Iy thZ hm
Alw Xw ]pcp jw, khkym f f \x
]cmbWw bam; b Ghmba]vkp ]pcpjx
k Gjx hssZh imIey Xky Im tZhtX
Xn. hcpW CXn tlmhmN
GXp ]pcpj\v ApIXs Bb X\amIppthm,
lrZbw temIamIppthm, a\p tPymXn mIppthm,
B ]pcpjs\ Fm Bmhn\pw ]cmb Wsav Bcv Adn
bppthm Ah am{Xta bmhevIy, Adnbph\m
Ibpp Fp imIey ]dp. GXp ]pcpjs\ bmtWm
Fm Bmhn\pw ]camb B{ibaambn \o ]dbpXv,
B ]pcpjs\ Rm Adnbpp. ApIfn D Cu ]pcp
j Btcm Ah\mWv Ch. imIey, C\nbpw tNmZn p
sImpItb thq. Ahs tZhX GXv? Fp imI
ey tNmZnp. hcpW Fv bm hev Iy adp]Sn ]d
p.
76. D] tcX Gh bkym f f bX\w, lrZbw
temtIm at\m tPymXntcym ssh Xw ]pcpjw
hn ZymXv khkym f f \x ]cmbWw k
sshthZnXm kymZymhevIy thZ hm Alw
Xw ]pcpjw khkym f f \x ]cmbWw
bam . b Ghmbw ]p{X abx ]pcpjx k
Gjx. hssZh imIey XkyIm tZhtX Xn.
{]Pm]Xn cnXn tlmhmN.
GXp ]pcpj\v, tcXpXs BbX\amIppthm,
lrZbw temIamIppthm, a\p tPymXn mIppthm,
B ]pcpjs\ Fm Bmhn\pw ]cambn Ab\ambn
BcmtWm AdnbpXv, Ah am{Xta, bmhevIym,
Adnhp h\mIbpq Fp imIey ]dp. GXp
]pcpjs\ Fm Bmhn\pw ]cmb Wambn \o ]dbpp
thm, B ]pcpjs\ F\np Adn bmw. ]p{X cq]nep
Cu ]pcpj Btcm Ah XsbmWv Ch. imIey
C\nbpw tNmZnp sImpIXs Fp bm hev Iy
adp]Sn ]dp. B ]pcpjp tZhX GXv? Fp imI
ey tNmZnp. {]Pm]Xn Fv bm hevIy adp]Sn ]d
p.
77. D] imItey Xntlm hmN bm hev Iy
kv Xzmw kznZnta {_mWm AMvKmcmhbWa
{IXmx CXn
iIeym Fp hnfn v, bm hevIy ]dp: Cu
{_mW \ns I\ tImcnbmn sNbvXpthm?
78. D] bmhevtIy Xn tlmhmNmimI teym
bZnZw Ipcp ]mmem\mw {_mWm\XyhmZnx
Inw {_ hnZym \nXn. Zntim thZ ktZhmx
k{]XnjvTm CXn. bntimthktZhmx k{]
Xnjv Tmx
bmhevIy! Fp hnfnv, imIey ]dp
Cs\ IpcpcmPypw ]mecmPypap {_m Wsc
\o A[n t]nXv {_s Adnbph\mbnmtWm?
tZh mtcmSpIqSnhbpw {]Xn jvTItfmSpIqSnbhbpamb
ZnpIsf Rm Adnbpp Fp bmhevIy adp]Sn
]dp. tZhmtcmSpIqSnbhbpw {]Xnjv TItfmSpIqSnb
hbpamb ZnpIsf \o Adnbpp Fn
I K
N P
321
79. D] InwtZhtXm f kymw {]mNymw ZniykoXn.
BZnXytZhX CXn. k BZnXyx Ikvan {]Xn
jv Tn X CXn . Np jo Xn . Ikv an \p
Npx{]XnjvTnX anXn. cqt]jznXn. Npjmln
cq]mWn ]iyXn. Ikvan \p cq]mWn {]Xn
jvTnXm Xo Xn. lr Zb CXntlmhmN lrZtb\
lncq]mWn Pm\mXn. lrZtb tlyh cq]mWn
{]XnjvTnXm\n `ho Xn. GhtasshXZym
hev Iy.
Cu Ing t Zn n \o GXp tZhXbph\mIpp?
Fp imIey tNmZnp. BZnXy\mIp tZhX tbmSpIq
Snbh\mIpp Fp bmhevIy Dcw ]dp. B
BZn Xy Fn {]Xnjv Tn X\mbncnpp? Fp
hopw imIeys tNmZyw. Npn. Fp bmh
evIys Dcw. Npv FnemWv {]XnjvTnXambncn
pXv ? Fp hopw tNmZyw. cq] fn Fp cw.
NppsImmWsm cq]sf ImWp Xv. cq]
FnemWv {]Xnjv TnX fmbncnp Xv Fp ]nsbpw
tNmZyw. lrZb n Fp ]dnp bmhevIy
]dp: lrZbw sImmWtm cq]sf Adn bpXv
lrZbn XsbmWv cq] {]XnjvTn Xfmbncn
pXp bmhevIym, CXv C s\ X s, Fp imI
ey kXnp.
80. D] Inw tZhtXm f kymw ZnWmbmw Zniy
ko Xn. batZhX CXn. kbax Ikvan {]Xn
jvTnX CXn. b CXn. Ikvan \p bx
{]XnjvTnX CXn. ZnWmbmanXn. Ikvan \p
ZnWm {]XnjvTntX Xn. {imbm anXn. bZm
tlyh { it f Y Zn Wmw ZZm Xn ,
{imbmw tlyh ZnWm {]Xn jv TntX Xn,
Ikvan \p {im{]XnjvTtX Xn lrZb CXn
tlmhmN lrZtb \ln {imw P\mXn. lrZ
tbtly h {im{]XnjvTnX, `hXoXn. Ghta
sshXZv bmhevIy.
Cu sXtZn n \o GXp tZhXtbmSpIqSnbh\m
Ipp? Fp imIey tNmZnp. ba \mIp tZhX tbm
SpIqSnb h\mIpp Fp bhevIy Dcw ]dp.
B ba Fn {]Xnjv Tn X \mbn cn pp? Fp
tNmZyw. bn Fpcw bw FnemWp
{]XnjvTnXambncn pXv ? Fp tNmZyw. ZnWbn
Fpcw. ZnW Fn {]XnjvTnXambncnpp?
Fp tNmZyw. {i bn Fp cw. FtmgmtWm {in
pXv. Atm ZnWsb Zm\w sNpp. {i bnX
sbmWv ZnW {]XnjvTnXbmbncn pXv? Fp
bmhev Iy ]dp. {i Fn emWv {]Xnjv TnXbm
bncnpXv Fp imIey tNmZnp. lrZb n Fv
bm hev Iy ]dp. lrZbwsImmWtm {isb
Adnbp Xv. lrZbn Xs bmWv {i {]Xnjv TnX bm
bn cnpXv Fp ]dp. bmhevIy, CXv C s\
Xs Fp imIey ]dp.
81. D] Inw tZhtXm f kymw {]XnNymw Zniy ko
Xn. hcpWtZhX CXn. k hcpWx Ikvan {]Xn
jvTnX CXn. A]vkznXn. Ikvan Xz ]x {]Xn
jvTnXm CXn. tcXko Xn. Ikvan\ptcXx {]Xn
jvTnX anXn. lrZb CXn. XkvamZ]n {]Xncq]w
PmXamlpx lrZbm Znh kp]vtXm lrZbmZnh
\nnX CXn. lrZtb tlyhtcXx {]XnjvTnXw
`hXoXn. Ghta sshXZymevIy.
Cu ]Snmsd Znn \o GXp tZhXtbmSp IqSn b
h\mIpp? Fp imIey tNmZnp. hcpW\mIp tZh
XtbmSpIqSnb h\mIpp Fp bm hev Iy ]dp.
B hcpW Fn {]XnjvTnX\mbn cnpp? Fp
tNmZn p. ApIfn Fp cw. ApI Fn {]Xn
jvTnXambncnpp? Fp ]nsbpw tNmZyw. tcXn
Fpcw. tcXv Fn {]XnjvTnXambncn pp?
Fp tNmZyw lrZb n Fpcw. AXpsImpX
s bmWv PmXs\ P\n Ipnsb, {]Xncq]sav ]Is
v , euInIm ]dbmdp Xv. lrZb n\nv ]pds
hs\ tmsebpw lrZbn\nv Dms hs\ tm
sebpamWv ]p{X Ccnp Xv. lrZb n Xs bmWp
tcXp {]Xnjv TnXambncnpXv Fp bm hIy
]dp. bmhev Iym CXv Cs\ Xs Fp imI
ey ]dp.
82. D] Inw tZhtXm f kymapZoNymw ZniykoXn.
tkma tZ hX CXn. ktkmax Ikv an {]Xn
jvTnX CXn. Zombm anXn. Ikvan \p Zom
{]XnjvTntX Xn. kXy CXn. XkvamZ]n ZonX
amlpx kXyw htZXn. ktXy tlyh Zom
{]XnjvTntX Xn. Ikvan\p kXyw {]XnjvTnX
anXn. lrZb CXntlmhmN. lrZtb\ lnkXyw
Pm\mXn. lrZtb tlyh kXyw {]XnjvTnXw
`hXo Xn Ghta sshX ZymhevIy.
Cu hSt Znn \o GXp tZhX tbmSpIqSnbh\m
Ipp? Fp imIey tNmZnp. tkma\mIp tZhX
tbmSpIqSnhb h Fp bm hev Iy adp]Sn ]dp.
B tkma Fn {]XnjvTnXambncn pp? Fp
]nsbpw tNmZyw, Zobn Fp cw. Zo Fn
{]XnjvTnXbmbn cnpp? Fp tNmZyw. kXyn
Fp cw. AXpsImp XsbmWv ZonXt\mSv,
kXys ]dbpI Fv ]dbmdpXv kXyn Xs
bmWv Zo { ]Xn jv Tn X bm bn cn p Xv Fpw
bmhev Iy ]dp. kXyw FnemWv {]Xn jv Tn am
bn cnpXv? Fp tNmZyw. lrZb n Fp bm
h ev Iy Dcw ]d p. lrZ bw sIm m Wtm
kXys AdnbpXv. lrZb n XsbmWv kXyw
{]Xn jv TnXambncn p Xv Fpw ]dp. Atbm
I K
N P
322
bmhevIym CXv Cs\ Xs Fp imIey ]d
p.
83. D] In w tZhtXm f kymw { [p hmbmw
Zniyko''Xn. ""AntZhX'' CXn. ""tkm f nx
Ikv an { ]Xn jv Tn X'' CXn . "" hmNo'' Xn
""Ikvan \p hmIv {]XnjvTntX'' Xn. ""lrZb''
CXn. ""Ikvan \p lrZbw {]XnjvTnX'' anXn.
Cu {[phZnn \o GXp tZhXtbmSpIqSnbh\m
Ipp? Fp imIey tNmZnp. AnbmIpp tZhX
tbmSpIqSnhb Fp bhmev Iy Dcw ]dp.
B An Fn {]XnjvTn X\mbn cnpp? Fp
tNmZyw. hmn Fp cw. hmv FnemWv {]Xnjv Tn
Xbmbncn pvX? Fp tNmZyw. lrZb n Fp
cw. lrZbw FnemWv {]Xn jv Tn X ambncnpXv? Fp
iIey tNmZnp
84. D] AlntI Xn tlmhmN bmh tIym
bss{XX Z\y{Xm kvam\ymssk, bty XZ
\y{Xm kv aXv kymzmt\m ssh\ Z Zyphbmw
knssh\Zv hnaYv\oc nXn
AlnI Fp kwt_m[\ sNbvXpsImv bm
hevIy ]dp. GXp Imen Cu lrZbs
\n\np asmcn Sp hnpXmbn \o hnNmcn
ppthm, Atm Cu lrZbw \n \np thsdmcn
Sp Bbncnp]w CXns\ Cu icocs izm
`n tbm, CXns\ hbpI IgpIp apXemb ]n
I hnaYntbm sNpw.
85. D] Ikvan \p Xzw Nm f f m N {]Xn
jv TnXu CXn. {]mW CXn. Ikv an \p
{]mWx {]XjvTnX CXn. A]m\ CXn. Ikvan
\z]m\x {]XnjvTnX CXn hym\ CXn. Ikvan
\p hym\x {]XnjvTnX CXn. DZm\ CXn Ikvan
\qZm\x {]XnjvTnX CXn. kam\ CXn. k Gj
t\Xn, t\Xymm f Krtlym \ln KrlytX f
iotcym \ln iocytXy f kMv tKm \ln
ktX f kntXm \ hyYtX \cnjyXn. GXm
\y , hmb X \m, \ysu temIm Asu
]pcpjmx kb kv Xm ]pcp jm \n cply
{]XyplymXy {ImaXv Xw Xzu]\njZw ]pcpjw
]rman. Xw tNt\ hnhykn aqmtXhn
]XnjyXo Xn. Xw l\ tat\ imIeyx, Xkyl
aqmhn]]mX A]n lmky ]cntamtWm
f o\y ]P {lpc \y \yam\mx.
\obpw Bmhpw icochpw lrZbhpw FnemWv
{]XnjvTnXcmbncnpXv ? Fp imIey tNmZnp:
{]mW\n Fp bmhev Iy Dcw ]dp.
{]mW FnemWp {]XnjvTnX\mbn cnpXv Fp
tNmZyw. A]m\\n Fpcw A]m\ FnemWp
{]Xnjv TnX\mbncnpXv? Fp tNmZyw hym\\n Fp
cw. hym\ FnemWp {]XnjvTnX\mbn cnpXv
Fp tNmZyw. DZm\\n Fv Dcw. DZm\ Fn
emWp {]XnjvTnX\mbncnpXv? Fp tNmZyw. kam\
\n Fpcw. t\Xn, t\Xn Fp a[pImn
\ntin s Xv CXmIpp. Cu Bmhv {Kln s Sp
hm Ignbm XmIpp. Fsm, {Kln s Spn.
ioW amhmXpamWv. Fsm, ioWamIpn.
kMvKanm XmWv. Fsm k amIpn. _n
sSmXmWv. AXn\m hyYnpn. AXn\m
lnwkbn AIs Spn. ChbmWv Fv Bb X\epw
Fp temIepw Fp tZhmcpw Fp ]pcpjmcpw,
GsXmcph\mtWm B ]pcpjmsc \nhln nv \n b
ambn Kan nnv {]Xn hln n v D]kw lcn nv AXn{Ian n
cnpXvD]m[n[s SncnpXv, B Hu]\nj
Z\mb ]pcpjs\ \n tmSp Rm tNmZnpp. Ahs\
FtmSp \o hnkv]ambn ]dbmXncnbmsWn
\ns aqmhv sXdnpt]mIpw Fp bm hev Iy ]d
p. B Hu]\njZ\mb ]pcpjs\ imIey Adn n
. Ahs aqmhv hn]Xnp sXdnpt]mbn. Fp am{X
a , ]cntamjn I XkvIcm thsd [\ sap hnNmcn
p. Cu imIeys AnIsf A]lcnp.
86. D] AY tlmhmN {_mWm `Khtmtbm
hx Ima btX k am ]rXp x kthhm
am]rX; tbmhx ImabtX Xw hx ]rman.
km hm hx ]rman Xn. tX l {_mWm\
Z[rjpx
A\ cw bm hev Iy ]dp `Khmmcmb ]q
Pycmb {_m Wtc, \nfpsS Iqn Bcv B{Kln
ppthm Ah FtmSp tNmZn s. Asn \n
semhcpwXs FtmSp tNmZnpsImhn! \n fn
Bcv B{Klnppthm Aht\mSv Rm tNmZnmw. As
n \n tfmsS mhtcmSpw Rm tNmZnmw Fv. B
{_mW ss[cys n.
87. D] Xm sslssX tmssI ]{]
bm h ev Iy Ah tcmSp Xmsg ]d bp
tmI tNmZnp:
tm: bYm hrtm h\kv]Xn, kvXssYh
]pcptjm f arjm;
Xky temam\n ]Wm\n XzKtkym
]mSnIm _lnx
h\kv]Xnbmb h\ ns ]Xnbmb hrw F{]Im
ctam AXpt]mseXsbmWv ]pcpj. CXp kXyamIp
p. Ahs]pcpjs tema tcma ]W fm
Ipp hrns CeIp XpeyfmIpp. ]pcp
js ]pd tabp Xzv hrns ]pdw ]bmIpp.
I K
N P
323
88. D] XzN Ghmky cp[ncw {]ky n. XzN
DZv ]Sx XkvamXv XZmXrmXv ss{]Xn ctkm
hrmZnhm f f lXmXv
Chs Xzn\np cw HgpIp Xmbncnpp.
Xzn\np D]ShpwId bpw. AXn\m hrn\pw
]pcpj\pw Fmw XpeyambXn\m, Bl XambOnamb
hrn\nv Id Ft]mse, lnwkns]pcpj
\n\nv cp[ncw ]pd sSpp.
89. D] amwkm\yky iIcmWn; In\mSw kv\mh;
XXvncw. Ao\yctXm ZmcpWn; am
atm]am IrXm
Chs amwk hrns iIefmIpp.
In\mSwXSntbmSp tNncnp sXment]mep hkvXp
]pcpjs kv \mhmIpp (amwkt]inbmIpp.) In\mSw
amwkt]int]mse DdpXmWtm. Dn ep XSnI
]pcpjs An IfmIpp. a abvv D]abmbn
sNs ncn pp.
90. D]bZv hrtm hrIvtWm tcmlXn aqem
hXcx ]p\x ayx kznrXyp\m hrIvWx I
kvamqemXv {]tcmlXn?
hrIvWamb tOZn s hrw aqen\nv
hopw IptdqSn ]p\mbnv apfbvpp Fn,
arXyp hn \m On \mb ay GXp aqen
\nmWv apf bv pXv?
91. D] tcXk CXn am thmNX; PohnX kvXXv
{]Pm b tX. [\m cp l Ch ssh hrt f
Rv Pkm t{]Xy kw`hx.
tcXn\nmsWv \n ]dtb . AXvtc Xv
Pohnncn p Xn \nmWv DmIpXv. hrw [m\
bn (_oPn) \np apfbvpXmbpapv. acn
Xns tijw kw`hnpI FpXv {]XyamWv .
92. D] bXv kaqeamhrtlbp hrw \ ]p\
cm`thXv ayx kz n r Xyp\m hrIv Wx
IkvamqemXv {]tcmlXn?
hrs aqetmSpIqSn ]ngpXpIfbpIbmsWn
hop DmIbn. arXyphn \m On\mb ay
hopw DmIbn. arXyphn \m On\mb ay
GXp aqen \nmWp apf bvpXv?
93. D] PmX Gh, \; PmbtX; tImt\z\w P\
tbXv ]p \x ? hn m \ am \w { _,
cmXnmXpx ]cmbWw XnjvTam\ kyX ZznZx
P\nh XsbmWtm FmsWn A s\b
, ]nsbpw P\nppv. Chs\ BcmWv hopw P\n
n pXv/ hnm\hpw B\hpw Bb {_w BWv.
[\w Zm\w sNp hsbpw AXns nXn sNp
, AXns\ Adnbphsbpw ]cbmbn KXn.
\mema ymbw
Hmw {_mWw
1. D] Hmw P\tIm l sshtZl Bkmw Nt{I
AY l bmhevIy Bh{hmP. Xw tlmhm
NbmhevIy, InaaNmcox? ]iq \n
Wzmm \nXn. D`btah k{am UnXn tlm hmN
hntZlm[n]\mb P\I XsmWm\mhiyap
hp ImWp Xn\mbn Ccpncpp. Atm bm h
evIy sNp. Atlnt\mSp P\I tNmZnp tl
bmhev Iy. Fn\mbnmWv Ap hXv? ]ipsf
Cnnmtam? kqv ahkvXp \nbn Ahkm\n
p {]iv \ sf Cnntm? Fv. cpw CnpXs
k{amt! Fp bmhev Iy adp]Sn ]dp.
2. D] bXv tX In Z {_ ho r W hmtaXn.
A{_hotPnXzm ssien\nhmssKz {_tXn.
bYm amXram ]nXram\mNmcyhm {_qbmXv,
XYm X ss en \nc {_hoZv hmssKz {_ t Xn.
Ah ZtXm ln Inw kymXv ? CXn. A{_ hoXv
XptX Xkym f f bX\w {]Xnjv T? \ tay
{_ho ZnXn. GI]m Zzm GXXv k{am UnXn. k
ssh t\m {_qln bmPvhev Iy hm tKh f f
bX\, amImix {]XnjvTm, {]ttXy\ p]m
kn X. Im{]Xm bm hev Iy? hmtKh
k{ aUnXn tlm hm N. hmNm ssh k{ am Uv ,
_px {]m btX; EtKz tZm, bPqthZx,
kmat tZm, f Yhm Mv Kn c k, CXn lmkx,
]pcmWw, hnZym, D]\njZx, tmImx, kq{Xm
Wy\p hymJym\m\n, hymJym\m\ow lpX,
aminXw ]mbnX, abw N temIx, ]ctemIx,
kmWn N `qXm\n hssNh k{ am Uv ,
mbs hmssKz k{am Uv , ]caw {_.
ss\\w hmKvPlmXn, khmtWy\w `qXm\y`n
cn, tZthm`qXzm tZhm\ t]yXn, b Ghw
hnZzmt\ XZp]mkvtX. lkv Xyj`w kl{kw
ZZmao Xn tlmhmNP\tIm sshtZlx ktlm
hmN bmhevIyx ]nXmta f a\yX \m\
\pinjy ltctXXn.
GXmtWm \n\v Hcm Hcp BNmcy ]dpX n
pXv AXv \mw tIs Fp bmhevIy ]d
p. inen \s ]p{X \mb PnXzm sh BNm cy
hmmWv {_w Fv F\nv ]dpXnpv Fp
P\ I ]dp. F{]Imc amtWm amXmhph\pw ]nXm
hp h\pw BNmcy\ph\pw ]dbpXv A{]Imc amWv
As\ ssien\n hmmWv {_sap ]dbpXv .
I K
N P
324
kwkmcnmh\v FmWv DmbncnpXv? Fv
bmhevIy ]dp. Fm AXnsB hmm
Ip {_ns Bb X\ s bpw icoctbpw {]Xn
jvTtbbpw Atv ]dpXtm? Fv bmh
ev Iy tNmZnp. F\np ]dp Xn Fp P\ I
]dp. Atbm k{amt, CXv Cu {_w Hcp Imepam
{Xap XmWtm Fp bm hevIy ]dp. Atbm
bmhevIym, CsXmw Adnbmhp ApXs \apv
]dpXcnI Fp P\I At]np. hmmIp
{_ns icocw hmpX s. BImiamWv {]XnjvT.
{] Fphv CXn s\Cu {_s D]mknWw
Fp bm hev Iy ]dp. tl bmhev Iy, GXp
{]bmWv? Fp P\ I tNmZnp. Atbm k{amt,
hmpXs {]bmIpp Fp bmhevIy ]d
p. hmpsImmWtm _p Adnb s Sp Xv. EtKz
Zhpw bPqthZhpw kmathZhpw AYmMvKnckhpw
CXn lmkhpw ]pcmWhpw hnZyIfpw D]\njpIfpw
tmIfpw kq{X fpw A\phymJm\ epw hymJym\
epw bmKwsImpmIp ]pWyhpw tlmaw \nan
ap ]pWyhpw A Zm\ mepmIp ]pWyhpw ]m\
Zm\w sImp knnp ]pWyhpw Cu temIhpw Cu
Phpw ]c aamb temIhpw C\nbp Phpw Fm `qX
fpw hmpsImpXsbmWv. k{amt, hmpXs
bmWv ]caamb {_w. BcmtWm C{]Imcw Adnp
sImn CXns\ Cu hmmIp {_s D]mkn p
Xv, Chs\ hmv Dt]nbn. Fm `qXfpw Chs\
A`ncnppktmjnnpp. tZh\mbnonv
Ch tZhmsc A]nKanpwtZhmcn ebnpw Fp
bmhev Iy XpSp ]dp. B\sbtmsebp
Hcp ImftbmSpIqSnb Bbncw ]ipsf Atbvp
Rm Xcpp Fv hntZlm[n]\mb P\I ]dp.
bmhevIy ]dp: A\pimknmsX injys\
IrXm\mmsX injy\n\np [\w kzoIcn m
]mSn Fv Fs ]nXmhv hnNmcnn cpp.
3. D] btZhtX InZ{_hoXv XrWh ta Xn
A{ _ ho DZx iuev _m b\x { ]mtWm
ssh{_tXn bYmamXram, ]nXram, \m Nmcy
h {_qbmXv XYmX uev_mbt\m f {_hoXv
{]mtWm ssh{_tXn. A{]mWtXm ln Inw
kymXv ? CXn. A{_ hoXv Xp tX Xky f f
bX\w {]Xnjv Tmw? \ta f {_ho ZnX GI
]mZzm GXXvk{am, UnXn, k ssh t\ {_qln
bmhevIy {]mWGhm f f bI\mamImix
{]XnjvTm, {]nb antXyXZp]mknX. Im{]nbXm
bmhevIy {]mW Gh k{am UnXntlmhm
N. {]mWky ssh k{amSv, ImambmbmPyw bmP
bXy {]XnKrlyky {]Xn \rlvWmXy]n. X{X
h[miw `hXn bmw ZnitaXn. {]mWsskyh
k{amSv Imamb. {]mtWm ssh k{amSv ]caw
{_. ss\\w {]mtWmPlmXn, khmtWy\w
`qXm\y`ncn, tZthm`qXzm tZhm\t]yXn, b
Ghw hnZzm t\ X Zp ]m kv tX. lkv Xy jZw k
l{kw ZZmao XntlmhmN \tIm sshtZlx k
tlmhmN bm hev Iyx ]nXmta f a\yX
\m\\p injyltc tXXn.
GXmtWm Atbvv Hcp BNmcy ]dpX np
Xv AXv \mw tIs Fp bm hevIy ]dp.
iqev_s ]p{X\mb DZ {]mW\mWv {_sav
F\np ]dpX npv Fp P\I ]dp. F{]
Imc amtWm, amXmhph\pw ]nXmhp h\pw BNmcy\p
h\pw Bbn cnph ]dpXcp Xv, A{]Imc am
Wv , {]mW\mWv {_sav iuev_mb \ ]dpX
Xv. {]mWnbv m h\v {]mW\nm h\v FmWv Dm
bncnpXv? Fp ]dnv bmhevIy tNmZnp.
Fm AXns B {]mW\mIp {_ns Bb X
\ tbpw {]XnjvTtb bpw aqpImen epap B{ib
tbpw B BNmcy Atbvp ]dpXpthm?
F\nv ]dpXnn Fp P\ I ]dp. k{amt,
CXpCu {_w Hcp Imepam{XapXmWtm Fp
bm h ev Iy ]d p. Atbm bm hev Iym
CsXmw Adnb mhp ApXs \app ]dpX cnI
Fp P\I At]np. {]mWX s bmWv Cu {_
ns icocw. BImiw BWv aqp Imenepap
B{ibw CXns\ {]nbw Fphv D]mknWw Fp
bmhevIy ]dp. tl bmhevIy, CXn\p
{]nbXw FmWv? Fp tNmZyw. k{amt, {]mWXs
{]nbamWv Fp bmhev Iy adp]Sn ]dp. k{am
t, {]mW\p thn bmWtm bPnnphm ]mSn m
hs\ bPnnbpw Zm\w hmm ]mSnmhs Zm\w
hmpIbpwt]mepw sNpXv. GXp Znn t]mIp
pthm AhnsS h[mibpmIpp. k{amt, CsXmw
{]mW {]nb \mb XpsImpXs. k{amt, {]mWXs
bmWv ]caamb {_w. BcmtWm C{]Imcw Adnp
sImv CXns\ D]mknpXv Chs\ {]mW Dt]n
pIbn. Fm `qX fpw D]lmcw apXembXp \In
Ahs\ ktmjn npw. tZh\mbnov tZhmsc
A]nKanpw Fp bmhevIy XpSp ]dp.
lkvXntb tmep Ej`tmSpIqSnb Bbncw ]ipsf
Rm Abvp Xcpp Fv hntZlm[n]\mb P\ I
]dp. AXptI bmhevIy ]dp: injys\
A\pimknv IrXm \mmsX injy\n\np [\w
hm cpsXv Fs ]nXmhv hnNmcnncpp.
4. D] btZh tX InZ {_hoXv XrWhm taXn.
A{_ ho t _phmjv W pssh
{_tXn. bYmamXram ]nXramXmNmcyhm
{ _q bmXv XYm XZz mjv tWm f { _ho
pssh {_tXn. A]iytXm ln Inw kymZn
Xn. A{_ hoXv Xp tX Xkym f f bX\w
I K
N P
325
{]XnjvTmw? \ta f {_ho ZnXn. GI ]mZzm
GXXv k{ am Un Xn . kssh t\m { _qln
bmhevIy. Nptchm f f bX\ amImix
{]XnjvTm, kXyan tXy\ Zp]mkoX. Im kXyXm
bm hev Iy? Np tch k{ am Un Xn
tlmhmN Npjmssh k{amSv, ]iyamlp
c{Zmo cnXn. k Blm{ZmanXn. XXv kXyw
`hXn. Npssh k{amSv, ]caw {_ ss\\w
NpP lmXn; khmtWy\w `qXm \y `n
cn; tZthm `qXzm tZhm\t]yXn b Ghw hnZym
t\XZp ]mkvtX. lkvXyrj`w kl{kw ZZmao
Xn tlmhmN P\tIm, ssh tZlx. ktlm hmN
bmhevIyx ]nXmta f a\yX \m\\pinjy
ltc tXXn.
GXmtWm Atbvv Hcp BNmcy ]dpX p
Xv AXp \mw tIs. Fp bm hevIy ]dp.
hrjvWs ]p{X\mb _p F BNmcy Np
mWv {_sav F\np ]d pXnpv Fp P\
I ]d p. F{]ImcamtWm amXmhph\pw ]nXmhp
h\pw BNcy\p h\pw Bbnph ]d bpXv A{]
Imc amWv hrjvWs ]p{X NpmWv {_ sav ]d
pXXv Fsm Ip ImWm h\v FmWpm
bn cn m hp Xv ? Fp bm h ev Iy ]d p.
]nsbpw tNmZnp Fm, B {_ns B bX\
t bpwicoc sbpw {]Xnjv Ttb bpwaqp Imenep
ap B{ibtbpw Atbvv ]dpXn ptm?
F\np ]dpXn n Fp P\I ]dp. k{am
t, CXv Cu {_w Hcp Imep am{X apXmWtm Fp
bhvey ]dp. Atbm bmhevIy, Adnbm
hp ApXs \app ]dpXcnI Fp P\I
At]np. B bX \mic cw NppXs. {]Xnjv T
aqp Imen epap B{ibwBImiamIpp. kXyw
Fphv CXns\ D]mknWw Fp bmhevIy
]dp. Atbm bm hevIy Fp kXyamWv CXn\p
Xv? Fp P\I tNmZnp. Atbm k{amt, Np
pXs kXyamIpp Fp]d nv bmhevIy
]dp: NppsImp ImWp ht\mSv \o Ipthm?
Fp tNmZnmdptm. Ah Rm Ip Fp ]d
bpp. AXp kXywXs BIpp. k{amt, NppX
sbmWv ]c aamb {_w. BcmtWm C{]Imcw Adnp
sImv CXns\ D]mknpXv, Chs\ Npv Dt]n
bn. Fm `qX fpw Chs\ D]lmcmZnIsImp
ktmjnn pw. Ah tZh\mbnov tZhmcn
ebnpw. lkv Xnsbtmsebp Ej`tmSpIqSnb
Bbncw tKmsf Rm Atbv p Xcpp Fv hntZ
lm[n]\mb P\I ]dp. bmhevIy AXn\p
cw ]dp: injys\ A\pimknp IrXm\m
msX injy\n\np [\w hmnqSm Fv Fs
]nXmhp hnNmcnn cpp.
5. D] btZh tX InZ {_hoXv XyWhm ta
Xn A{_ hot KZ`o hn ]otXm `mcZzm Px
t{im{Xw ssh{_tXn, bYm amXram ]nXr
am\mNmcyhm {_qbmXv XYmXZv `mcZzmtPm
f {_hotXm{Xw ssh {_tXn. AirWzmtXm
ln Inw kymZnXn A{_hoXv XptX Xky f f b
X\w {]Xnjv Tmw? \ ta f {_ho XnXn GI
]mZzm GXXv k{am UnXn k ssh t\m {_qln
bmhevIy t{im{Xtahm f f bX\, amImix
{ ]Xnjv Tm f \ CtXy\ Zp]m kn X I f
\Xm bmhevIy? Zni Gh k{am, UnXn
tlm hmN. XkavmssZz k{am, U]nbmw Imw N
Zniw KXn ss\hmkym Aw KXn A\m
ln Zntim, Zntim ssh k{am Sv , t{ im{Xm,
t{im{Xw PlmXn, khmtWy\mw `qXm\y `n
cn; tZthm `qXzm tZhm \ t]y Xnb Ghw
hnZzmt\ XZp]mkvtXlkv Xyr j`w kl{kw
ZZmao Xn tlmhmN P\tIm sshtZlx ktlm
hmN bmhevIyx]nXmta f a\yX \m\\p
injy ltc tXXn.
GXmtWm Atbvv Hcp BNmcy ]dpX np
Xv, AXp \mw tIs Fp bm hevIy ]dp.
`c ZzmPs ]p{X\mb KZ`ohn ]oX F BNmcy
t{im{Xw XsbmWv {_w Fv F\np ]dpX n
pv. Fp P\ I ]dp. F{]Imc amtWm amXmhp
h\pw ]nXmhp h\pw BNmcy\p h\pw Bbnp h
]dpXcpXv A{]ImcamWv, t{im{Xw XsbmWv {_
sav `c ZzmPs ]p{X ]dXv. Fsm, tIm
km[nm h\v FmWpmbncnpI? Fp ]dnv
bmhevIy tNmZnp: Fm B t{im{XamIp
{_ns Bb X\ t bpwicoc sbpw {]Xnjv Ttb
bpw B {i b tbpw ]d p X n ptm? F\nv
]dp Xnn Fp P\ I adp]Sn ]dp. k{amt,
CXv Cu ]dpX {_w Hcp Imep am{XapXmWtm
Fp bm hev Iy ]dp. Atbm bmhevIym
ApXs \app ]dpXcnI Fp P\I At]
n p. icocw t{im{Xw XsbmWv . B{ibw BImiam
Ip A\w Fphv CXns\ D]mknWw. Fp
bmhevIy ]dp. Atbm bmhevIym, CXn
\p A\X GXmWv? Fp P\I tNmZnp. k{am
t, ZnpI Xs bmWv A\X Fp ]d nv bm
hevIy ]dp: AXn\m BWv k{amt, GXp Znn
tebvp t]mbmepw CXns Ahkm\s Xobmbpw
{]m]n mXv . ZnpI A\fmWtm. ZnpI
Xs bmWv , k{amt, t{im{Xw. t{im{Xw Xs bmWv, k{am
t, ]c aamb {_w. BcmtWm C{]Imcw AdnpsImWv
CXns\ D]mknp Xv, Chs\ t{im{Xw Dt]n bn.
Fm `qXfpw Chs\ D]lmcmZn kaWwsImp
ktmjnnpw. Ah tZh\mbnov tZhmsc A]n
I K
N P
326
Kanpw tZhmcn ebnpw. lkvXnsbtmsebp
Ej`tmSpIqSnb Bbncw tKmsf Rm Xcpp. Fv
hntZlm[n]\mb P\I ]dp. bmhevIy ]d
p. injys\ A\pimknp IrXm\mmsX injy
t\mSp [\w hmn qSm Fp Fs ]nXmhv hnNmcn n
cp p.
6. D] btZh tX InZ{_hoXv, XrWhmtaXn.
A{_hot kXyImtam Pm_mtemat\m ssh
{_tXn. bY amXram ]nXram\mNmcyhm
{_qbm Xv , XYm Xm_mtem f {_hot\m
ssh {_tXn Aa\tkmln Inw kymXv? CXn.
A{_hoXv Xp tXXkym ff bX\w {]XnjvTmw/
\ta f {_hoZnXn. GI ]mZzm GXXv k{am
UnXn. kssh t\m {_qln bmhevIy. a\
Ghm f f bX\, amImix {]XnjvTm f f \
CtXy \Zp]mko X. Im f f \Xm bm
hevIy? a\ Gh k{amUnXn tlmhmN a\km
ssh k{amSv kv{Xnba`nlmcytX, Xkymw {]Xn
cq]x ]pt{Xm PmbtX; k B\x at\m ssh
k{amSv ]caw {_; ss\\w at\m PlmXn,
khmtWy\w `qXm\y`ncn, tZthm `qXzm
tZhm\t]yXn b Ghw hnZzmt\ XZp]mkv tX.
lkv Xyrj`w kl{kw ZZmao Xn tlmhmN
P\tIm sshtZlx. ktlm hmN bm
hevIyx ]nXmta f a\yX Xm\ \pinjy ltc
tXXn
GXmtWm Atbvv Hcp BNmcy ]dpX np
Xv, AXp \mw tIs Fp bm hevIy ]dp.
P_mebpsS ]p{X\mb kXyIma, a\mWp {_sav
F\np ]dpX npv Fp P\I adp]Sn ]dp.
F{]ImcamtWm, amXmhph\pw ]nXmhph\pw BNm
cy\p h\pw Bbnp h ]dpsImSpp Xv, A{]
ImcamWv, P_mebpsS ]p{X a\mWv {_w Fv
]dXv. Fsm, a\nm h\v FmWpmbn
cn mhpXv? Fp ]dnv bmhevIy tNmZn p.
Fm Atbv v B a\mIp {_s Bb X\
t bpw icoctbpw, {]Xn jv Ttb bpwB{ib tbpw
]dpXnptm? F\np ]dR RpXnn Fp P\
I ]dp. k{amt, Cu {_w Hcp ]mZw am{X ap Xm
Wtm Fp bm hev Iy ]dp. Atbm bm
hev Iy, A s\ bp ApXs \app]tZinpXcnI
Fp P\ I At]np. icocw a\ pX s. {]Xn jvT
B{ibw, BImiamIpp. B\ saphv CXns\ D]m
kn Ww. F\v\p bmhevIy ]dpsImSpp.
bmhev Iy, CXn\p B\ Xw FmWv? Fp P\
I tNmZnp. k{amt, a\pXs B\ amIpp Fp
]dnv bmhevIy ]dp: k{amt, a\ psIm
mWtm kv {Xosb {]mnp Xv. Ahfn A\pcq]
\mb ]p{X P\npp. AhB ]p{XB\ amIp
pB\ tl XphmIpp. k{amt, a\ pXs bmWv ]c
aamb {_w. BcmtWm Cs\ AdnpsImv CXns\
D]mknpXv Chs\ a\v Dt]nbn. Chs\ Fm
`qXfpw D]lmc kanpw apw ktmjnnpw.
Ah tZh\mbnonv tZhmcn ebnpw. lkv Xn
sbtmep Ej`tmSpIqSnb Bbncw ]ipsf Rm
Xcpp Fv hntZlm[n]\mb P\I ]dp. B
bmhevIy ]dp: injys\ A\pimkn msX
injy\n\np [\w kzoIcnpIqSm Fv Fs ]nXmhv
hnNmcnncpp.
7. D] btZh tX InZ{_hoXv XrWhmtaXn.
A{_hot hnZKvx imIteym lrZbw ssh
{_tXn. bYmamXram ]nXram\mNmcyhm
{_qbmXv XYm Xm Iteym f {_oZv [rXbw
ssh {_tXn. A{_hoXv Xp tX Xkym ffb
X \w, {]XnjvTmw? \ta f {_ho ZnXn GI]mZv
hm GXXv k{am, UnXn. k ssh tXm {_qln
bmhevIy lrZbtahm f f bX\, amImix
{ ]Xn jv Tm, n Xn cn tXy\ Zp ]m koX Im
nXnXm bm hev Iy lrZb tah k{am,
Un Xn . tlmhmN lrZbw ssh k{ amSv
kthjmw `qXm \m am b X\w lrZbw ssh
k{amSv kthjmw `qXm\mw {]XnjvTmlrZtb
tlyh k{amSv khmWn `qXm\n {]XnjvTnXm\n
`hn lrZbw ssh k{amSv ]caw {_. ss\\w
lrZbw PlmXn; khmtWy\w `qXm\y`n
cn; tZthm `qXzm tZhm \ t]yXn; b Ghw
hnZzmt\X Zp]mkvtX. lkvXyr j`w kl{kw
ZZmaoXntlm hmN P\tIm ssh tZlx ktlm
hmNbmhevIyx: ]nXm ta f a\yX \m\
\pinjy ltctX Xn.
GXmtWm Atbvv Hcp BNmcy ]dpXnp
Xv, AXv \mw tIs Fp bm hevIy ]dp.
iIes ]p{X \mb hnZKv, lrZbamWv {_w Fv
F\np ]dvRpXn pv Fp P\ I Dcw ]dp.
F{]ImcamtWm amXmhp h\pw ]nXmhp h\pw BNm
cy\ph\pw Bbn p h ]dpXcpXv, A{]Imc
amWv imIey As\ lrZb amWv {_ sap ]dp
XXv. Fsm, lrZb an m X h\v FmWv Dm
bn cn m hp Xv ? Fp ]dnp bmhev I
tNmZnp: Fm Atbvv AXns B {_
ns BbX\ tbpwicoctbpw {]Xn jv Ttb bpw
B{ib tbpw ]dpX nptm? F\nv ]dpX
nn Fp P\ I adp]Sn ]dp. k{amt, Cu {_w
Hcp ]mZw a{Xap XmWtm Fp bmhevIy ]d
p. Atbm bm hevIy ApXs \apv ]dp
XcnI Fp P\I At]np. icocw lrZbwXs
{]XnjvT B{ibw BImiamIpp. nXn Fphv
CXns\ D]mknWw Fp bmhevIy ]dp.
Atbm bmhevIy, CXn\p nXnX FmWv?
I K
N P
327
Fp P\ I tNmZnp. k{amt, lrZbwXs nXnbm
Ipp Fp ]dnv bmhevIy ]dp: k{am
t, lrZbamWv Fm `qXpw BbX\. k{amt, lrZ
bamWv Fm `qX pw {]Xn jv T. Fsm, k{am
t, lrZbn XsbmWv Fm `qX epw {]XnjvTnX
fmbn cn p Xv. k{amt, lrZb amWv ]c a amb {_w.
BcmtWm C{]Imcw AdnpsImv CXns\ D]mknp
Xv, Chs\ lrZbw Dt]nbn Chs\ Fm `qX
fpw D]lmcmZnIsImp ktmjnnpw, Ah
tZh\mbnonp tZhmcn ebnpw. lkv Xnsb tm
ebp Ej`tmSpIqSnb Bbncw tKmsf Rm
Xcpp Fv hntZlm[n]\mb P\ I ]dp. bm
hevIy ]dp: injys\ A\pimknmsX injy
\n\npw [\w hmcpsXv Fs ]nXmhv hnNmcnn
cp p.
cmw {_mWw
8. D] P\tIm l sshtZlx IpmZp]mk
hm N \akv tX f kv Xp bm h ev Iym\p
amim[o Xn, ktlmhmN bYm ssh k{am
alma[zm\ tajy cYw hm \mhw hm kam
ZZo ssXhta sshXm `ncp]\n jZv`ox kamln
Xmm f kn. Ghw hrmcI BVyx k[o
X thZ Dtm]\njXvI CtXm hnapNyam\x Iz
Kanjyko Xn. \mlw XZv `Kh thZb{X Kan
jymao Xn AY sshtX f lw XZv hyman
b{X Kanjyko Xn. {_hoXp Khm \nXn.
hntZlm[n]\mb P\ I Iqsa HcpXcw Bk\
n\nv ASp Cdnsnv ]dp: Atbm
bm hev Iy Atbv p \akvImcw Fs A\pimkn
mepw! Fv. bm hev Iy ]dp: k{amt F{]Im
camtWm Hcp ZoLamb A[zmhns\ Kan phm t]mIp
h cY stbm \uhnt\tbm FSpp Xv, C{]Imcw
Xs Av Cu D]\njpIsfsmv kwbpmm
hmbnHcp samw ]qnbmbh\mbn CcnvIpp. C{]
Imcw hrmIc \pw ]qPy\pw [\ hm\pw thZsf A[y
b\w sNbvXnph\pw BNmcymcm D]\njpI
D]tZin sh\pw BsWn Av CXn\nv Cu
tZln\nv hnpt]mIptm FhnsS t]mIpw? `K
hmt\, Rm FhnsSbmtWm t]mIphm t]mIpXv, AXv
Rm Adnbpn Fp P\I ]dp. As\bm
sWn Fp Fhn sS bmtWm t]mIphm t]mIp Xv,
AXv Atbvv Rm ]dpXcmw Fp bmh
ev Iy ]dp. `Khm ]dpX mepw! Fp P\ I
]dp.
9. D] Ctm l ssh \mssaj tbm f bw Zn
tW f ]pcpjx Xw hm GXanw k
an{ CXym N WtX ]tcm t W ssh. ]tcm
{]nbm Ch ln tZhmx {]XyZznjx
ZnWamb Anbn D Cu ]pcpj C
Fp t]cp h\mIpp. C\mbncnp Chs\ bmWv
]tcmambnv C{ Fv ]dbp Xv. Fsm ]tcm
{]nbmcmb tZhm {]Xyambn t]cp ]d bpXns\
shdpp hcmIpp.
10. D] Ass[XZzmta f Wo ]pcpjcq]ta jm
f ky ]Xv\o hncmSv ; Xtbmtcj kwkvXmthm
b Gtjm f lrZb BImix AssY \
tbmtc X Zw, b Gtjm f lrZtb
temln X]nx. XssY \tbmtc XXv {]mh
cWw btZXZ lrZ tbPmeIanh. AssY
\ tbmtc jmkrXn ; k cn Wo, ssbjm
lrZbm Zqzm \mUypc Xn. bYm tIix kl
{k[m `n GhasskyXmlnXm \m a\mtkym
f lrZtb {]Xnjv TnXm `hn GXm
`nm GXZm{kh Zm{khXn XkvamtZj {]hn
hnmlmcXc Csshh `hXykvammco cmZm
\x
]ns CSpIn D Cu ]pcpjcq]w Cu
C{s ]Xv\nbmb hncmmIpp. lrZba yn D
Cu BImiw GtXm CXv AhcpsSB C{sbpw C{m
Wn bpsSbpw kwkvXmhamIpp. ]ns, lrZbm`mK
n ep ]nmIr Xnsb {]m]n ncnp cw GtXm
CXv AhcpsS A amIpp. ]ns lrZbm`mKn
Cu het]msebpXv GtXm CXv ChcpsS {]mhc Wam
Ipp. ]ns lrZb n \nv Duzm`napJnbmbn
GXp \mUn bmtWm t]mIpXv CXv ChcpsS k cnp
Xn\p krXnbmIpp. Bbncambnp t`Zns
tIjwX e\mcv GXp {]Imctam C{]Imcap lnX I
Fv t] ]dbp Cu tZlns \mUnI lrZbm
`mKn Ddn s ncnpp. Ahbn IqSn bmWv
Henpt]mIp Cu Aw t]mIpXv. AXn\m Cu
enwKmmhv Cu icocamIp Bmhnt\ m kqva
Xc amb Blmc tmSpIqbnh Xs BIpp.
11. D] Xky {]mNoZnIv {]mx {]mWm, ZnWm
ZnKv Z ntW {]mWmx, {]Xo No ZnIv {]Xyx
{ ]mWm, DZoNo ZnKp Zx { ]mWm Duz
ZnKqzmx {]mWm, AhmNo ZnKhmx {]mWmx,
khmZnix kth {]mWmx k Gj t\Xnt\Xn
Bm f Krtlym \ ln KrlytX f iotcym \
ln iocytX f kMv tKm \ ln kPytX f
kntXm \ hyYtX \ cnjyXn A`bw ssh
P\I {]m]v tXm f kn Xntlm hmN bm
hIyx k tlmhmN P\ tIm sshtZ tlm f
`bw Xzm KXmZv bmhevIy tbm t\m `K
h`bw thZbtk; \akvtX f kvXnta hntZ
lm Abalakv Xn
I K
N P
328
B hnZzm\v IngtZnv Ingp {]mW fmIpp.
sXt Znp sXp {]mW fmIpp. ]SnmtdZnp
]Snmdp {]mWfmIpp. hSpZnp hSp
{]mWfmIpp. apIfnep Znp apIfnep {]mW
fmIpp. Xmgbp Znp Xmsgbp {]mW fmIp
p. Fm {]mW fpamIpp. CXmWv t\Xn t\Xn Fp
a[pImn \ntins np Bmhv. Cu
Bmhv {KlnsSphm IgnbmXmIpp. Fs
m, AXp {Kln s Sphn. s]mSnpt]mImXm
Ipp. Fsm s]mSnpt]mIpn. kMvKanm
XmIpp. Fsm kwKs {]m]npn. _n
s Sm XmIpp. Fsm hyYn pn. AXn \m
lnwksb {]m]npn. \inpn. Atbm P\I,
A`bs Av {]m]vX\mbncnpp Fp bmh
ev Iy ]d p. B hntZlm[n]\mb P\I ]dp:
Atbm bm hevIy `Khmt\ F\np A`bs Adn
bnpXcp Atbpw A`bwAiq\yambnpXv
{]m]ns. Atbvv \akvmcw! hntZl CXm!
Rm CXm!
aqmw {_mWw
12. D] P\Iw l sshtZlw bmhevIym PKma
ktat\ \ hZnjy CXn. AY l b\I
sshtZtlm bm h ev Iy mn tlmt{X
kaqZm tX. Xkvssal bmhtIym hcw
ZZu k l Ima{]iv\tah ht{h Xw l kvssa
ZZu. Xw l k{amtUh ]qw ]{]
hntZlm[n]\mb P\ Is ASp bm hIy
sNp. Atlwbm hIy cmPmhn\p Rm Hpw
]dpsImSppIbn Fv hnNmcnn cpp. Fm
Ftm hntZlm[n]\mb P\I\pw bmhIy\pw
Antlm{Xhn jbn kwhmZw sNbvXncppthm
Atm Atl n\vP\ I\vbmhIy hcwsIm
Spp. AtlwP\ I Cwt]mse tNmZnphm\p A
\phmZw hcnp: B hcs Atl n\v P\ I\v sImSp
pIbpw sNbvXp. bmhIyt\mSv k{ampXs
BZyw tNmZnp:
13. D] bmhevIy, Inw tPymXn cbw ]pcpj
CXn. BZnXytPymXnx k{am, UnXn tlm hmN:
BZntXy ss\hmbw tPymXnjm ff kvtX, ]ey
btX, IIpcptX, hn]tey XoXn Ghtassh
XZv bmhIy.
bm hIy, Cu ]pcpj Fp tPymXntmSpIq
Snbh\mWv Fp cmPmhp tNmZn p. k{amt, BZnXy\m
Ipp tPymXntmSpIqSnbh\mIpp Fp ]dnv
bm hIy XpSp. Cu ]pcpj BZnXy\mIp
tPymXnpsImpXsbmWv, Ccnp Xpw, t]mIp Xpw,
tPmen sNp Xpw.
14. D] AkvX anX BZntXy bmhevIy Inw
tPymXntchmbw ]qcpj CXn N{am Ghmky
tPymXn`hXoXn N{ asskhmbw tPymXnjm
kvtX ]eybtX Ia IpcptX hn]teyXotXyh
tasshXZv bmhevIy,
tl bm hev Iym, BZnXy AkvXanptm Cu
]pcpj GXn tPymXnph\mIpw? bmhevI
]dp. Cu ka bv N{ \n Ahs tPymXnpm
Ipw, N{s cq]n ep tPymXn phgn Ch Ccnp
Ibpw Atmpw Ctmpw t]mIpIbpw Iw sNp
Ibpw Xncnpt]mIpIbpw sNpp. P\ I tNmZnp. tl
bmhev Iym, Cu Imcyw C s\ Xs bmtWm
15. D]AkvXanX BZntXy bmhev Iy N{
aky kv X antX Inw tPymXn tc hmbw ]pcpj
CXy ntc hmky tPmXn ` h Xo Xy n tc \
hmbw tPymXnjmkvtX ]eybtX Ia IcptX
hn]teyXotXyhta sshXZv bmhevIy.
P\I tNmZnp tl bm hevIym, BZnXy AkvX
anpt]mbn Ign npw Cu ]pcpj GXn tPymXnp
h\mIpw. bm hev Iy ]dp. Ahs tPymXnv
AnbnemIpp. Ah An cq]tPymXnphgn Ccn
pIbpw Atmpantmpw k cnpIbpw I
sNpIbpw Is hcnpIbpw sNpp. tl
bmhevIym! Cu Imcyw A s\bmtWm.
16. D]. Akv X anX BZntXy bmhev Iy N{
aky kvX antX imt f u Inw tPymXntc
hmbw ]pcpj CXnhmtK hmky tPymXn`h
XoXn, hmssNhmbw tPymXnjmkvtX ]eybtX
Ia IpcptX ]n] tey XoXn Xkv amZv ssh
k{amU]n b{X kzx ]mn\ hn\nmbtX
f Y b{X hmKpcXypss]h X{X tPymXntXy
hta sshXZv bmhevIy.
tl bmhev Iy, BZnXy Akv XanpIgn bptm
gpw, N{ AkvXanpIgn bptmgpw, An imambn
gn bptmgpw Cu ]pcpj GXn tPymXntmSpIqSn
bhm\Ipp? bmhevIy ]d p. hmpXs
Chs tPymXn mbnocpp. Ch hm{Kq]amIp
tPymXnv hgnbmbnXs CcnpIbpw, Ans\ hopw
k cnpIbpw, Iw A\pjvTnpIbpw, aSnhcn
Ibpw sNpp. tl k{amv, FhnsS A bpsS Ic
Fn sSpn tbm, AhnsS B \nanjn hmWn D
cns Spbpw ISpt]mIpIbpw sNpp. tl bm
hevIy Cmcyw An s\ Xs bmtWm?
17. D] AkvX anX BZntXy bmhevIy N{
akykvXantX imt f u imbmw hmNn
Inw tPymXntchmbw ]pcpj CXysshmky
I K
N P
329
tPymXn`hXoXyss\hmbw tPymXnjmkvtX
]eybtX Ia IpcptX hn]teyXoXn.
tl bmhev Iy, BZnXy Akv XanXn\ptijhpw,
N{ AkvXanXn\p tijhpw An imamXn\p tij
hpw, hmv imamb Xn\ptijhpw Cu ]pcpj GXn
tPymXntmSpIqSn hknpp? bm hev Iy ]dp
BmhpXs bmWv Chs tPymXnmbnocp Xv. Cu
BmhmIp tPymXnv hgnbmbn Xs Ah Ccn p
Ibpw, Anp k cnpIbpw, Iw sNpIbpw
]noSv aSn hcn Ibpw sNpp.
18. D] IXa BtXn tbm f Yw hnm\a bx
{ ]mtWjp lrZy tPymXn x ]pcp jx k
kam\x kp`u temImh\p kcXn [ymb
Xoh teem bXoh k ln kz]vt\m `qtXzaw
temIaXn{ImaXn artXym cq]mWn.
Bmhv FmIpp? bmhev Iy ]dp.
bmsXmv {]mWen _pnhrnIpn hknp
Xpw hnm\ a b hpw, tPymXnkzcq]\pamb ]pcpj\m
bn cn ppthm, AXpw kam\ ambn (_pn hrn Ip
kZriw) CltemInepw, ]ctemInepw cnepw
kcnpp. AXv (_pnhrn I\pkcnv) Nnn
p Xpt]msebpw, {]hn pXpt]msebpw BIp
p. AXpXs kz]v\ ambn Cu temItbpw, arXypcq
]tfbpw AXn{IaWw sNpp.
19. D] k hm Abw ]pcptjm Pmbkm\x icoc
a`n kw]Zyam\x ]m]va`nx k Hm krPytX k
DXv{Ima {hnbamWx ]m]vat\m hnPlmXn.
AXv Cu ]pcpj Pw kzoIcnp kabw icocs
B`mhtmSpIqSn kznIcnpsImv ]m]fpambn
IqSntcpIbpw, acnp kab vDXv{IaW kab v
]m]sf Dt]npIbpw sNpp.
20. D]: Xky hm GXky ]pcp jky th Gh
mt\ `hX CZw N ]c tem I m\w N
km[yw XrXobw kz ]v \ m\w Xkv an
kwt[y mt\ Xnjv T ttX Dt` mt\
]iyXoZw N ]ctemIm\w N, AY bYm
{Itam f b]c temImt\ `hXn Xam {Ia
am{ Itaym `bm ]m]v a\ B\m Hmw
]iyXn k b{ X { ]kz ]n Xyky temIky
km htXm am{Xm a]mZmb kzbw hnlXy
kzbw \namb tkz\`mkm tkz\ tPymXnjm
{]kz]nXy {Xmbw ]pcpjx kzbw tPymXn`hXn.
AXv Cu ]pcpjs CltemIm\w ]ctemI
m\w F cv m\ fmIpp. Chs aqmas
m\w kz]v\m\amb kymm\amIpp. B
kymm\p nXnsNbvXpsImv Ch Cu temI
cq]amIp m\ tbpw ]ctemIcq]amb m\
tbpw honpp. Cu ]pcpj ]c temIm\n
\pthn F{]Imcw km[ \Ifm k \mbncnpp
thm, Ahsb B{ibnv Ch ]m]tbpw (Zpx Jw) B\
t bpwc nt\bpw ImWpp. Ch Ddp kabw
Cu kkzamb temIns am{Xsb FSpv , kzb
ambns Cu qeicocs \ntamn, AXp
t]mse kzbambn Xs hmk\mab amb tZls cNn
v, Xs {]ImitmSpIqSn BbXv Xs tPymXnkz cq]
tmSpIqSn ibnpp; Cu Ahbn Cu ]pcpj
kzbw tPymXn kz cq]\mbnocpp.
21. D]x \ X{X cYm \ cYtbmKm \ ]mt\m
`h\yY cYm cYtbmKm ]Yx krPtX \
X{Xm \m apZx {]aptZm `h y Ym \ m pZx
{]apZx kpP tX, \ X{X thimmx ]pjv I
cnWyx {khtym `hyY thimm ]pjv I
cnWox {khox krPtX k ln IXm
B Ahbn cYan, cYn ]qph (Aiz
)bn, aman. Fm Ah cY hpw, cYn
]qphbpw, hgnIfpw krnpp. B Ahbn
B\w, tamZw, {]tamZw Chsbmpw CmIpn.
Fm Ah B\ w, tamZw, {]tamZw Chsb krn
pp. AhnsS sNdnb sNdnb Iffpw, kcpIfpw,
\ZnIfpw Dmbncnpn; Ah Ipffpw, kcp
Ifpw, \ZnIfpw krnpp AhXs AhbpsS
IXmhmIpp.
22. D]x XtZtX tmIm `hn, kz]vt\\ imcoc
a`n {] lXym kp]v Xx kp]v Xm \ `n Nm I io Xn,
ip{I amZmb ]p\sscXn m\Hmwlnc Wyabx
]pcp j GIlHmwkx.
Cu hnjbw kw_np XmWv Cu tmI B
mhv kz]v\w hgnbmbn icocs \ntamnbnv
kzbw DdmsX \n{Zbnem Fm hkvXptfbpw {]Im
innpp. Ah ipamb C{nb am{Xmcq]s
kzoIcnv hopw PmKcnX m\p hptNcp\v#p.
lncWy (tPymXnkzcq]0 ]pcpj GI\mbns
k cn p p.
23. D]x {]mtW\ cWhcw Ipembw _lnjv
IrembmZar X cnXzm, k CubtX ShrtXm b{X
ImaHmwlncWyabx ]pcpj GIlHmwkx.
Cu \nIr amb imcocnI{]mW\n\npw cs]p
sImv Ah AarX[mhmb icoc tmSp IqSn shfn
bn kcnpp. B GI\mbn kcnp lnc
b\mb AarX]pcpj FhnsS hmk\bpmIppthm,
Atmp ISp t]mIpp.
24. D]x kz]v \m Dm h N ao b amt\m cq]mWn
tZhx IpcptX _lq\n, DtXh kv{Xo`nx kl
tamZamt\m PZptXhm]n `bm\n ]iy
I K
N P
330
B tZh kz]v\ m\n D\oN`mhse {]m]n
psImv hn`n cq] kzoIcnpp. CXpt]mse
Xs kv{XoItfmSpIqSn B\ a\p`hnpp. (an{Xtfm
SqIqSn) Nncn pIfnpp. (hym{LmZnIsf) `bp Pohn
pp.
25. D]x Bcmaaky ]iyn \ Xw ]iyXn I
t\Xn, Xw \mbXw t_m[ tb ZnXymlpx, `n
jPy Hmw lmkv ssa `hXn btaj \ {]Xn
]ZytX, AtYm JezmlqPmKcn XtZi Ghm
sskyj CXn bm\n tlyh Pm{KXv ]iyXnXm\n
kp]v X CXy {Xmbw ]pcpjx kzbw tPymXn
`hXn tkm f lw `KhtX kl{kw ZZmayX
Du[z hntammb {_qloXn.
Fm a\pjycpw Ahs kpJs ({IoUmkma{Kn
Isf) am{Xw ImWpp, Ahs\ Bcpw ImWpn. B Dd
ngnbp Bmhns\ s]sv DWcpXv Fv
(sshZym) ]dbpp. bmsXmcn{nb {]tZiv Ch Dd
n gn bp h\mbn cnppthm, AXn C{nb se
{]m]nmXn\m Ahs icocw ZpnInymambno
cpp. AXp ImcWw ]ecpw C{]Imcw Bhiyw ]dbmdp
v . CXv (kz]v\m\w) Chs PmKcnX tZiw Xs
bmWv; FpsImsm Ah DWp Ign bp
bmsXmcp hkvXpX Isf Zinppthm, AhIsfs
\n{Zmh bnepw Ah Zinpp. (Fm AXp icn
b) P\ I ]dp: P\I\mb Rm {ioam\v Bbncw
ap{Z \Ipp,C\n F\nv tams D]tZinpXm
epw.
26. D] k hm Gj GXkvan kw{]kmtZ cXzm
NcnXzm Zrsszh ]pWyw N ]m]w N ]p\x
{]Xn\ymbw {]Xntbm\ym{ZhXn kz]v\m ssbh
k b{X InnXv ]iyXy\XzmKX kvtX\
`hXykMvtKm lybw ]pcpj CtXyh tassh
XZv bm hev Iy tkm f lw `K htX
kl{kw ZZ ayX Du[z hn tam m ssbh
{_qlo Xn.
Cu Bmhv Cu kz]v\m\ n canpIbpw,
hnl cnpIbpw sNbvXv, ]pWy]m]sf Ip F{]Imcw
hncppthm, Fhn sS\npw hncppthm, B PmKcn
X m\tbvpXs Xncnpt]mIpp; AXv AhnsS
bmsXmp] Zinppthm, AXn \npw AIp Ign
bpp; FpsImsm Cu ]pcpj \nkwK\mIp
p. P\ I ]dp. tl bm hev Iy, Cmcyw An
s\bmtWm? Rm {ioam\v Bbncw kzw ImgvNhbvp
p. CXn\p tijap tams kw_np Imcy
Ap]tZin mepw.
27. D] k hm Gj GX kv an kz]vt\ cXzm
NcnXzm Zrsszh ]pWyw N ]m]w N ]p\x
{]Xn \ymbw {]Xn tbm \ym {Z hXn _pmm
ssbh.
B ]pcpj Cu Pm{KZmh bn canpIbpw hnl
cnpIbpw sNbvXv, ]pWy]m]sf Iv, F{]Imcw
hncppthm, AtX am nqSn bYmm\ amb
kz]v \m\ t pXs aSn t]mIpp.
28. D] XZv bYm almay Dt`Iqte A\pkw
NcXn ]qh Nm]cw ssNhtahmbw ]pcpj
GXmhp `mhm h\pkwNcXn kz]v \mw N
_pmw N.
F{]Imcw GsXnepw henb Xpw, `mcnXpamb ay
\ZnbpsS Ingpw ]nSmdpw Xnc fnqSn {Ia
ambn kcnppthm, A{]ImcwXs Cu ]pcpj
kv]v\m\pw, PmKcnXm\pw cp m\
fnepw {Iaambn kcnpp.
29. D] XZv bYm kv an Wm Imti tiyt\m hm
kq]tWm hm hn]cn]Xy {imx k Hmwl
Xy ]u kwebmssbh {[nbX Ghtahmbw
]p cp j GX kv am A mb [mhXn b{ X
kp]vtXm \ I\ Imaw ImabtX \ I\
kz]v\w ]iyXn.
Fns\ BImin ]cpv Fm `mKpw AXn
thKn ]dp k cnnv oWn NndIpI hncnv
AXns Iqntev t]mIppthm, AXpt]mse Cu ]pcp
j bmsXmcnSv Dd ptm bmsXmcp t`mKs Cn
mXn cn pIbpw bmsXmcp kz]v \w ImWmXn cn pIbpw
sNppthm B m\tp ]mpt]mIpp.
30. D] Xm hm AsskyXm lnXm \ma \mt[ym
bYm tIix kl{k[m `nkvXmhXmWnav\m
Xn jvTXn ipky \oeky ]nMv Keky lcn
Xky temln Xky ]qWm AY bss{X\w
[v \oh Pn\oh lkv Xnh hnOm b bXn
KXanh ]XXn tZh Pm{KZv`bw ]iyXn XZ
{XmhnZybm hbytX f Y b{X tZh ChcmtP
hm l ta th ZHmw ktm f kv aoXn a\ytX
tkm f ky ]ctam temIx
Ahs lnXm \matmSpIqSnb Cu \mUnI tIiw
Bbncw `mK fmbn hn`Pn s ncnpXpt]mse AXn
kqvaambncn pp. Ah ipw, \oew ]oXw, lcnXw,
Nphv Fo h fm ]qambncnpp. AXv Cu
]pcpjs\ sImpItbm, himpItbm, Ipgnbn hogn
pItbm, B\ `b s Spp hn[ n Pm{KZmh bn
epmImhp `bw A\p`hampItbm sNppthm
Ahsb Cu kz]v\mhbn hnZymiq\yXbmbn Icp
Xpp. FhnsS Ch tZhXp Xpeyw, cmPmhn\p Xpeyw
BIppthm, Fmw Rm Xs Fp IcpXpIbpw
sNppthm AhnSw Ah\p ]ca [ma amIpp.
I K
N P
331
31. D] XZv hm AsskyXZXn Om A]lX]m
mZbHmw cq]w, XZv bYm{]nbbm kv{Xnbm kw]
cnjztm \ _mlyw In\ thZ \ctah
ta hmbw ]pcpjx {]mt\m\m kw]jz
tm \ _mlyw In\ thZ \mcw XZvhm
Assky X Zm ]v X Im a am Im a a Ima Hmwcq]
HmwtimIm cw
Ah CXns ImaclnXhpw, ]m]c ln Xhpw, A`b
cq]hpamIpp. hymhlmcnIambn Xs {]nb s `mcysb
BenwK\w sNp ]pcpj\v _mlyambpw BcnI
ambpw bmsXmcp t_m[hpw CmXncn p Xpt]mse, Cu
]pcpj {]mmhpambn Benw K\ _ amIptm
_mlyhnjb nepw bmsXmcdnhpw DmIpn. CXv
AXns B]vXImaw, B Imaw, BImaw, timIiq\yw
ChbpsS cq]amIpp.
32. D] A{X ]nXm]nXm `hXn amXmamXm temIm
AtemIm tZhm AtZhm thZm AthZmx A{X
kvtXt\m f kvtXt\m `hXn {`qWlm{`qWlm
Nmtem f Nmex ]uevItkm f ]uevI
kx {iatWm f {iatWmkvX ]tkm f Xm]tkm
f \ \zmKXw ]pWAtb\m\\zmKXw ]mt]\
XotWm ln XZm km Rv tOm Im lrZ
bky `hXn.
Cu kpjp]v Xmh bn ]nXmhv A]nXmhmbnocp
p, amXmhv AamXmhmbnocpp; temIw AtemIambn
ocpp, tZh AtZh\mbn ocpp, thZw AthZam
bnocpp, ChnsS tNmc AtNmc \mIpp, {`qWlXy
\Sph A{`qWhm\mIpp, AXpt]mse Nme
ANme\pw, ]uIkv A]ukpw, {ia W
A{iaW\pw, Xm]k AXm]k\pambnocpp. B
kabv Cu ]pcpj ]pWytmSv Akw_ \pw, AXp
t]mse ]m]tmSv Akw_ \pamIpp. lrZb nse
Fm timI tfbpw AXnPohn pp.
33. D] bZv ssh X ]iyXn ]iy ssh X
]iyXn \ ln {ZpZp thn ] cn temt]m
hnZytX f hn\minXzmXv. \ Xp XznXnbakvXn
XtXm f \yZv hn`w bXv ]tiyXv.
Ah bmsXmp ImWmXn cnppthm AXv Ip
sImncnptmgpw ImWsSpn; {Zmhns Zrn Hcn
epw tem]n pn , FpsImsm Ah Ahn
\min bmIpp. B kabw Ah\n\npw `nambn ap
bmsXmcp hkvXpfpw C. Ahs\ Xs t\mq.
34. D] bZv ssh X Pn{LXn Pn{L sshX
Pn{LXn \ ln {LmXp{LmtXhn]cntem t]m
hnZytX f hn\minXzm Xp XZZzoXobakv Xn
XtXm f \yZv hn`w bnt{LXv
Ah bmsXmp aWpntbm, AXv aWpsIm
ncnptmXs aW s SmXncnpp. aWph
hs K{KlWin Atijhpw tem]nppan.
FpsImsm Ah Ahn \minbmIpp. B Ah
bn aWp Xn \mbn Ah\n\np `n ambn ap
bmsXmcp hkvXpfpw CXs. Ahs\s {LmWn
q.
35. D] bZv ssh X ckbtX ckbsshX
ck btX \ ln ck bnXq ck b tXhn]cn
temt]m hnZytX f hn\minXzmW Xp XZvZznb
akvXn XtXm f \yZv hn`w bZv cktbXv
Ah bmsXmp cpNnpntbm, AXv cpNnpsIm
n cn ptmgpw cpNns Spn. ckmkzmZIs ck
{KlWin Hcn epw tem]npt]mIpn, FpsIm
sm Ah Ahn\minbmIpp. B Ahbn
ckw {Klnp Xn\v Ah\n\npw `nambn ap
bmsXmcp ]ZmYhpw C Xs.
36. D] bZv ssh X hZXn hZ ssh X hZXn
\ ln hphtmhn]cntemt]mhnZytX f
hn\minXzm Xp XZv ZznXobakv Xn XtXm f
\yZv hn`w bZv htZXv.
Ah bmsXmp kwkmcnpntbm, AXv kwkm
cnpsImncnptmXs kwkmcnsSmXncnpp
hmhns hN\ in Hcn epw tem]n pn Fp
sImsm Ah Ahn\minbmIpp. B Ah
bn GXns\ pdnsnepw kwkmcn Wsan AXn\v
Ah\n\npw `n ambn ap bmsXmpw Xs C.
37. D] bZv ssh X irtWmXn irWz ssh
X irtWmXn \ ln t{imXpx irtXhn]co
temt]m hnZytX f hn\minXzm Xp XZvZznXo
bakvXn XtXm f \yZ hn`w bOrWpbmXv
Ah bmsXmp {ihnmXncnppthm, AXv {ihn
ptmXs {ihnsSmXncnpp. t{imXmhs
{ihWiIvXn Hcnepw tem]npn; FpsIms
m Ah Ahn\minbmIpp. B Ahbn
bmsXmp {ihn Wtam AXv Ah\n\np `n ambn
ImWs Spn .
38. D]x bZv ssh X a\ptX a\zmt\m sshX
a\ptX \ ln aph tXhn ] cn temt]m
hnZytX f hn\minXzm Xp XZvZznXobakv Xn
Xt\m f \yZ hn`w b\zoX.
Ah bmsXmp a\\w sNmXncnppthm AXv
a\\w sNbvXpsImncnptm Xs a\\w sN Sm
Xncnpp. a\\w sNphs a\\in Hcnepw
tem]npn; FpsImsm Ah Ahn\minbm
Ipp. B Ahbn a\\w sNWsan Ah
I K
N P
332
\n\npw `nambn ap bmsXmcp hkvXpfpw CX
s.
39. D]x bZv ssh X kv]riXn kv]ri ssh
X kv]riXn \ ln kv{]px kv]rt hn]
cntemt]m hnZytX f hn\minXzm Xp. XZvZznXo
bakvXn XtXm f \yZ hn`w bXvkv]rtiXv.
Ah bmsXmp kv]inmXncnppthm AXv
kv ]inpsImncnptmXs kv ]in s SmXncn
pp. kv]inphs kv]i\ in Hcnepw
tem]npn. FpsImsm Ah Ahn\minbm
Ipp. B Ah bn Ah\n\np `n ambn kv]in
s Sm ap bmsXmcp ]Zmfpw CXs.
40. D]x bZv ssh X hnPm\mXn hnPm\ ss]
X hnPm\mXn \ ln hnmXphnmtX
hn]cntemt]m hnZytX f hn\minXzm XpXzn
XobakvXn Xtm f \yZv hn`w bZv hnPm\o
bm Xv.
Ah bmsXmdnbmXncnppthm, AdnpsImn
cnptmXs AXv Adnbs SmXncnpp. hnmXm
hns hnm\ in Hcnepw tem]npn. Fp
sImsm Ah Ahn\min bmIpp. B Ah
bn {]tXyIambn Adnbm Ah\n\npw `nambn
ap bmsXmcp ]Zmhpw CXs.
41. D]x b{X hm A\yZnh kymXvX{mt\ym f Xv
]tiyZt\ym f \ynt{LZt\ym f \yZv cktb
Zt\ym f \yZv ]tZZt\ym f \yOrWpbmZt\ym
f \y \zo Xmt\ym f \yXv kv ]rti Zt\ym f
\yZv hoPm\obmXv.
bmsXmcn Sv (Pm{KZmhbntem, kz]v\m h bn
tem) Bmhn\npw `nambn asmpmbncnp
pthm AhnsS A\yn\v A\ys Zinphm Ign
bpp, A\yn\v A\ys aWphm Ignbpp,
A\yn\v A\ys cpNnphm Ignbpp, A\yn\v
A\ys kwkmcnphm Ign bp p, A\yn\v
A\ys {ihnphm Ignbpp, A\yn\v A\ys
a\\w sNphm Ign bpp, A\yn\v A\ys
kv]inphm Ign bpp, A\yn\v A\ys Adn
bphm Ihnbpp.
42. D]x kene GtIm {Zm ssZztXm _tXyj
{_temIx k{amUnXn ssl\a\piimk bm
hIy Gjmky ]cam KXn tc jmky
]cam kav]tZtjm f ky ]ctam temI Gtjm
f ky ]ca B\ GXsskyhm\kym\ym\n
`qXm\n am{Xmap]Pohn
Pen F Xpt]mseXs kpjp]vXnbn GI
amb AssZzXw {ZmhmIpp. tl km{amv ! CXp Xs
bmIpp {_ temIw. C{]Imcw bm hev Iy P\I\v
D]tZiw \In. Ch CXns (]pcpj) ]caKXnbm
Ipp, Ch CXns ]cakmIpp. CXv Chs
]c temIamIpp. CXv Chs ]c am\ amIpp. Cu B\
ns am{Xsb B{ibnpXs ap Pohn I Pohk
mcWw sNpp.
43. D] k tbm a\pjymWmHmwcmx kartm `h
Xymt\yjma[n]Xnx kssham\pjyssIt`
ssKx kav ] Xax k a\p jymWmw ]ca
B\tm f Y tb iXw a\pjymWmam\mx
k GIx ]nXrWmw PnXtemIm \m am\tm f
Y tbiXw ]nXrWmw PnX temIm\mam\mx k
GtIm KtemI B\tm f Y tb iXw
KhtemI B\m k GIx ItZhm\m
am\tm tb IWm tZhXza`n{]av]Zyt f
Y tb iXw I tZ hm \m am \mx k GI
BPm\ tZhm\m am\tm b t{im{Xntbm f
hrPnt\m f ImaltXm f Y tb iXamPm\tZ
hm \mam \mx k GIx { ]Pm ] Xn temI
B\tm b t{im{Xntbm f hrPnt\m Ima
ltXm f Y ssbiXw {]Pm]XntemI B\mx
k GtIm { _ temI B\tm b
t{im{Xntbm f hrPnt\m f ImaltXm f ssYj
Gh ]ca B\ Gj {_temIx k{amUnXn
tlmhmN bm hevIyx tkm f lw `KhtX
kl{kw ZZm ayX Du[z hntam m ssbh
{_qloXy{X l bmhevtIym _n`mbm
Imc ta[mho cmPm ktht`ym amt`y DZ
cuo ZnXn
bmsXmv a\pjycn Fm AhbhtfmSpw IqSn
]q kar hpw, aphbpsS A[n]Xnbpw, a\pjykw
_nbmb kq t`mK kma{KnI hgn bmbn Ghpw
A[nIw kambpw Ccn ppthm, AXv a\pjycpsS
]caamb B\ amIpp. Ctm a\pjycpsS \qdv B\
ambncnpXv ]nXrtemIs IogSnbncnp ]nXr
KWns Hcp B\ amIpp. ]nXrtemIs IogSn
bn cnp ]nXr fpsS \qdm\w IqSpXv Khtem
Ins Hcm\ amIpp. AXpt]mse KhtemI
ns \qdm\ ambncnp Xv, ItZhmcpsSI
hgn tZhXzw {]m]nh Hcm\amIpp. ItZh
mcpsS \qdm\w IqSpXv BPm\tZhmcpsS Hcm\
amIpp. bmsXmv B Pm\ tZhmcpsS \qdm\ ambn cn
ppthm AXv {]Pm]Xn temInse Hcm\ ambncnp
p. {]Pm]Xn temInse \qdm\w IqSpXv {_tem
Inse Hcm\ amIpp. bmsXmv \njv]m]hpw, \njv Im
ahpw t{im{Xn b hpambn cnppthm Ahbvpw B
B\w knamIpp. AXpt]mse CXpXs ]cam\
hpamIpp. tl km{amv! CXmIpp {_ temIw. Fn
s\ bmhevIy ]dp. P\ I ]dp: Rm
I K
N P
333
{ioam\mb Atbvv Bbncw tKmsf \Ipp, C\n
aptmv tamn\pthn Ap]tZinmepw. CXptIv
bm hevIy, _pnam\mb cmPmhp Xs Fm {]iv\
tfbpw \n b]cyw, Dcw \IpXn\v _n
n cnpp Fv `bs p.
44. D]k hm Gj GXkv an kz]v\t cXzm
N cnXzm Zrssz h ]pWyw N ]m]w N ]p\x
{] Xn\ymbw {]Xn tbm \ym {Z hXn _pm
ssbh
Cu ]pcpj Cu kz]v \m n canpIbpw hnl
cnpIbpw sNbvXv ]pWytbpw ]m]tbpw IpsIm
p Xs hopw t]mb am n q S n Xs
bYmkvYm\ amb Pm{KZmhbntepXs aSnhp.
45. D] XZv bYm\x kpkamlnXapPZv bmbm
tZhtahmbw imcoc Bm {]t\m\m
\zmcqV DP bmXn b ss{XXZqt[zmO
hmko `hXn.
temIn F{]Imcw hfscb[nIw `mchpw hlnp
sImv N Smhn i_vZw ]pds Sphnp sImp t]mIp
p thm, AXp t]m se Xs tZl tm Sp Iq Snb Cu
Bmhv Adnhp BmthmSpIqSn B[njvTnXambn
Duz izmkw henp Xpt]mse i_vZnpsImpt]m
Ipp.
46. D] k b{XmbaWnam\w t\yXn Pcbm thm
]X ]Xm hmWn am\w \nK Xn XZv bYm{aw
thmZp av _cw hm ]n ew hm _ \mXv
{ ]]pNyX Gh ta hmbw ]pcpj Gt`ym f
MvtK`yx kav{]apNy ]p\x {]Xn\ymbw {]Xn
tbm\ym{ZhXn {]mWmssbh
Cu icocw GXp kabv IriXzs {]m]npp
thm, hrmhbmtem Asn PzcmZn tcm Imc
Wtam Iriambn ocppthm B kabw amm, An
gw, apX embh _w hnpt]mIpXpt]mse Cu ]pcp
j Cu Ahb hse Dt]nv GsXmcp am
nqSn hncppthm, AXnqSXs {]tXyI
amb tbm\nIfn {]mWs {]tXyIamb A`nhyn Xz
n \pthn {]bmWw sNpp.
47. D] XZv bYm cmPm\ambmap{Km {]tXy\kx
kqX {Km atWym f ssx ]mss\ cmh kssYx
{] XnI ev ]t f bam bm Xy b amK O Xo tXy
hHmw ssl hwhnZvHmw kmWn kqXm\n {]Xn
Iev]x CZw {_mbmXoZamKOXoXn
F{]Imcw BKX\mIp cmPmhns\ D{KImfpw
]m]Ipthn \nbpams kqXmcpw,
{KmaapJymcpwIqSn Aw, ]m\w, \nhmkm\w apX
embh Xmdmn, Atlw hp, Atlw hp Fp
]dv {]XonncnvIppthm: AtX{]Imcw Cu I
thmhns Fm `qXfpw Cu {_w hcpp, Cu
{_w hcpp Fp ]dv {]Xonpp.
48. D] XZv bYm cPm\w { ]bn bm k ap{ Kx
{]tXy\kx kq{X{KmatWym f `nkambt b
h tath aam m \ a Imte kt {]mWm
A`nkambn bss{XXZqt[zmOzmko `hXn.
bm{Xbvp Xmdmbncnp cmPmhn`napJ ambn D{K
InIfpw, ]m]Ip \nbp cmb kqXmcpw,
{Kmanse t\Xm mcpw t]mIp Xpt]mse, Hcmmhv
Du[z izmkw hen phm XpSptm Ahkm\ \nan
jn Fm {]mW\pw Cu Bmhn `napJ ambn AXn
t\mSpIqSn t]mIpp.
\memw {_mWw
49. D] k b{Xm b am _eyw t\yXy ktm
lanh t\XyssY\tatX {]mWm A`nkambn
k GXm kv tX tPm am{ Xx ka `z m Z Zmt\m
lrZbtah \zh{ImaXn k bss{Xj Nmpjx
]pcpjx ]cmMv ]bmhXtX f Ymcq]tm
`hXn
Cu Bmhv ZpeXsb {]m]np kabw, AXm
bXv ktmls {]m]nptm Cu hmKmZnIfmb
{]mW CXn\pthn A`napJambn hcpp. AXv Cu
{]mWs tXtPmam{XIsf kaymb coXnbn kzoIcnv
lrZb n A\p{I (A`nhy m\hm\mbn)ambn
ocpp. Cu Nmpj]pcpj Fm `mKpw hymhr
\mIp B kabv acWmk cq]m\lo\
\mbnocpp.
50. D]x GIo`hXn \ ]iyXoXymlptcIo`hXn\
Pn { L Xo Xym lp tcIo `hXn \ ck bX
CXymlqtcIo`hXn \ hZ\oXymlptcIo`hXn
\ irtWmXoXymlptcIo`hXn \ a\pX CXym
lptcIo`hXn \ kv ]riXoXymlptc Io`hXn
\ hnPm\mXoXymlpkvXky XsslXky lrZ
bkym{Kw {]tZymXtX tX\ {]tZymtX ss\j
Bm \njv{ImaXn Nptm hm aq[t\m
hmt\ymt`ym hm icoctZti`ykvXapXvImaw
{]mtWmXv{ImaXn {]mWacpXv{Imaw kth
{]mWm B\qXv{Iman khn mt\m `hXn
khn m\ tahm \z h { Im aXn Xm hn Zz m
IaWo ka\zmtZtX ]qh{]m N
(Npcn{nbw enwKmmthmSqIqSn) GIcq]ambn `hn
pp, Atm BfpI ImWpn Fp ]dbpp
({LmtW{n.bw) GIcq]ambn ocpp, Atm izkn
pn Fp ]dbpp, hmKvC{nbw GIcq]ambn o
I K
N P
334
cpp, Atm kwkmcn pn Fp ]dbpp(ckt\
{nbw) GIcq]ambnocpp Atm cpNnpn
Fp ]dbpp. (t{imt{X {nbw) GIcq]ambn ocpp
Atm tIpn Fp ]dbpp, (a \v) GIcq]
ambbnX Xocpp Atm a\\w sNpn Fp ]dbp
p. (Xzn{nbw) GIcq]ambnocpp Atm kv]in
pn Fp ]dbpp. (_pnenwKmmthmSpIqSn) GI
cq]ambnocptm Adnbpn Fp ]d bpp. AXv
Cu lrZbns A{K`mKv (shfn bntebvp
amw) AXyw { ]Im in p hm XpS p p.
AXn\npw Cu Bmhv t\{XfnqSn, aqzm
hnqSn, Asn icoc ns atsXnepw `mK
fnqSn ]pd tbvp ISpt]mIpp. AXv DXv{IaWw
sNptm AXnt\msSmwXs {]mW\pw DXv{Ianp
p. {]mW DXv {Ianp Ignm Fm {]mW\pw (C
{nbhw) DXv {Ianpp. B kabv Cu Bmhv
{]tXyIw hnm\hm\mbnocpIbpw hnm\bp
amb {]tZisXs {]m]npIbpw sNpp. B
kabw AXns\ m\hpw, Ihpw, ]q{]bpw
A\pKan pp.
51. D]x XZv bYm XrWPembpIm XrWkymw
KXzm \yam{Ia am{I aym\ap ]kwlctXyhta
hmb amtZ Hmw icocw \nlXymhnZymw Ka
YnXzm\yam{I am{Iaymm\ap]k Hmw lc Xn.
F{]Imcw \oc Hcp XrWns A{Knen
asmcp XrWcq]amb B{i bs ]nSnv kzbw Npcpp
pthm, AXpt]mseXs Cu B ahv Cu icocs
h[nv AhnZysb (\ntmhsb) {]m]nv am[m
cs B{ibamn kzb D]kwl cn pp.
52. D] XZv bYm t]ikvImco t]itkm am{Xm
a]mZmbm\yhXcw IeymWXcw cq]w X\pX
GhtahmbamtZ Hmw icocw \nlXymhnZymw
Ka bn Xzm \y h Xcw Ieym W Xc Hmw cq]w
IcptX ]n{Xymw hm Kmh hm ssZhw hm
{ ]Pm ]Xyw hm { _mw hmt\yjmw hm
`qXm\mw
kz Wnmc F{]Imcw kzns Aev ]
amb `mKw FSpv asmcp ]pXn bXpw A[nIw at\ml c
hpamb cq]s krnppthm, AXpt]mseXs Cu
Bmhv Cu icocs \innv AtNX\mhsb
{]m]nv ap ]nXr, Km, tZhm, {]Pm]Xn,
{_mhv , ap `qX apXemb hbpsS \ho\ hpw, kp
chpamb cq]s cNnpp.
53. D] k hm Abamm {_ hnm\atbm
at\m abx {]mW a b pabx t{im{X abx
]rYzn ab Bt]m atbm hmbp ab BIm i
abkv tXtPmatbm f tXtPmabx Ima atbm f
Imaabx t{Im[atbm f t{Im[atbm [atbm
f [abx kha bkvXXv btZX ZnZaatbm
f tZmab CXn bYmImco bYmNmco XYm `hXn
km[pImco km[p` hXn ]m] Imco ]mt]m
`hXn ]pWyx ]ptWy\ IaWm `hXn ]m]x
]mt]\x, AtYm Jezmlpx Imaab Ghmbw
]pcpj CXn k bYmImtam `hXn XXv{IXp
`hXn bXv{IXp`hXn XXv Ia IcptX bXv
Ia IcptX XZ]nkav]ZytX.
Cu Bmhv B ]c{_w XsbmIpp. CXp
hnm\ ab hpw, at\mabhpw, {]mWa bhpw, Npab
hpw, t{im{Xabhpw, ]rYzoabhpw, Peab hpw, hmbqa
bhpw, BImiabhpw, tXtPmab hpw, AtX tPmab hpw,
Imaab hpw, AImaabhpw, t{Im[ abhpw, At{Im[ ab
hpw, [aabhpw, A[aab hpw, khabhpamIpp.
bmsXmv {]Xyhpw, ]tcmhpamIppthm AXpw
AXpXsbmIpp. AXv F{]Imcw sNpIbpw BNcn
pIbpw sNppthm Ans\Xs bmbnocpp.
k sNptm knbmbpw ]m]
I sNptm kXvInbmbpw ]m]I
sNptm ]m]nbmbpw Xocpp. Cu ]pcpj ]pWy
I fm ]pWymmhmbpw ]m]I fm ]m]m
mhmbpw `hnpp. Cu ]pcpj ImaabXs Fv
]ecpw ]dbpp. F{]Imcw kev]nppthm AXp
t]mse Iw A\pjv TnpIbpw, B I \pkr
X amb ^ew {]m]n pIbpw sNpp.
54. D] XtZj tmtIm `hXn, XtZh kx kl
IassWXn enwMvKw at\m b{X \njaky,
{]m]ymw IaWkvXky bXvIntl Itcm
Xy bw, Xkv am tm ImXv ]p\ tc Xykv ssa
temImb IaW CXn \p Imabamt\m f Ym
Imabamt\m tbm f Imtam \njvIma B]v X
Ima BImtam \ Xky {]mWm DXv{Iman
{_ssh k {_mt]yXn.
B hnjbs kw_npXmWv Cu a{wC
Xns enwKw AXmbXv a\v bmsXmn AXy[nIw
BkamIppthm, AtX ^es A`nejnv I
klnXw {]m]npp. Cu temIn CXv bmsXmp
sNppthm, B Ins ^ew {]m]nv B temI
n\nv I sNp Xn\mbn hopw Cu temI
nhp tNcpp. Xobmbpw A`nemtjOphmb
]pcpj C{]Imcw Xs sNpp. C\n A`n tetjOp
hm ]pcpjs\ n ]dbpp. bmsXmcp AImaw,
\njv Imaw, B]vXImaw, B Imaw ChtbmSpIqSnbh\m
bncnppthm, Ahs {]mW DXv{IaWw sNpn;
Ah {_ambn hknpsImv {_s {]m]npp.
55. D] XtZj tmtIm `hXn, bZm kth {]ap
Nyt Imam tb f ky lrZn { in Xmx ,
I K
N P
335
AYatXym f artXm `hXy{X {_ kaiv\pX
CXn, XZy Ym ln \nez bXo hev aotI arXm
{]Xykv Xm ibo ssXhtathZ Hmw icoc Hmw
titX f Ymb a i cotcm f arXx { ]mtWm
{_ss h tXP Gh tkm f lw `K htX
kl{kw ZZmaoXn tlmhmN P\tIm thtZlx.
GsXnepw kabv Chs lrZb n B{ib
fmb kIe A`nemjfptSbpw \miw kw`hnp
tm Cu ac W[mhv Aac \mbn ocpIbpw ChnsS
Cu icocn\npXs Ah\v {_{]m]v Xn DmIp
Ibpw sNpp. CXns\mcp Zrmw]mns ]Sw
NnXpn\p apIfn arXhpw ]mn\m ]cnXyhp
amb InSpXpt]mse Cu icocw InSpp. Cu ico
c clnXamb Aar X{]mW\mIs {_w XsbmIpp
tXPv XsbmIpp. Atm hntZlcmPmhmb P\ I
]dp ""Rm\mIp P\ I {ioam\v Bbncw tKmsf
\Ipp.''
56. D] XtZtX tmIm `hn, AWpx ]m hn
XXx ]pcmtWm am Hmw kv]rtm f \phntm
a ssbh, tX\ [ocm A]n bn {_ hnZx
kzK temIanX Du[z hnaqmx
Cu m\ amw kqv ahpw, hnimehpw, ]pcmX \
hpamIpp. AXv Fs kv ]in ncn pp. Rm Xs
AXns ^eamb km[Im\w {]m]nncnpp. [oc
{_thmhmb ]pcpj Cu temIn PohnpsIm
pXs ap \mbn icoc XymKn\ptijw AtXam
nqSn kz temIs AXmbXv tams {]m]n
pp.
57. D] XkvanRvOpapX \oeamlpx ]nMvKeHmw
lcnXw temlnXw Nm Gj ]m {_Wm
lm\phn kvtXss\Xn {_hnXv ]pWyIr
ss P k
Cu ams kw_n v A`n {]mbhyXymkw Dv .
Nne AXn iphhpw Nne \oehhpw hn
pp. AXpt]mse Nne ]nwKehavWhpw, Nne lcn
Xhhpw, Nne temlnX h hpamsWv ]dbpp.
Fm Cu amw kmm {_m A\p`qXam
Ipp. B amnqSn ]pWyIf \pnp
]cam tXPkzcq]cmb {_ thm am{Xw ISp
t]mIp p.
58. D] Aw Xax {]hnin tb f hnZymap]m
ktX XtXm `qb Ch tX Xtam b D hnZymb
Hmw cXmx.
bmsXmcp AhnZysb (Iw) D]mknppthm,
Ah Am\mImc n {]thinpIbpw, bmsXm
cp hnZybn (IIm cq]{XbohnZy) \nc X \mbn
cnppthm, Ah a Xnt\ m tLmc amb AImc
n {]thinpIbpw sNpp.
59. D] B\m \ma tX temIm At\ Xakm
hrXmx, XmHmwkvtX t{]Xym`nKOyhnZzmHmw
tkm f _pt[m P\mx
A\(AkpJ) F temIw AXan\m hym]vX
amIpp. Ahn Zzmmcpw Am\n Ifpamb BfpI ac
Wm\cw Ahsb Xs {]m]npp.
60. D] Bm\w tNZv hnPm \o bm Z b a kv aoXn
]qcpjx, InanO Iky Imamb icoca\pkw
Pztc Xv.
]pcpj Bmhns\ CXv Rm Xs sbv hnti
jcq]n Adn bpIbmWn ]nssbmWv? A`n
em j tfm Sp Iq Sn, {Kl tfm Sp IqSn ico c ns
]nmse Fn\v k]v X\mIpp?
61. D] bkym\phnx {]Xn_p Bmkvan
kwtZtlm Klt\ {]hnx, k hnizIrXv kln
kky IXm Xky temIx k D temI Gh.
Cu At\Iw A\fm ]qhpw hnthIhn
m\hn tcm[nbpamb hnjaicocn {]hnamb
Bmhv bmsXmcp {_ Ws Adn bpIbpw, {]m]n p
Ibpw sNppthm Ah hnizIrmbnocpp;
Ah AJn e n tbpw Im hmbn `hn p p.
Bmhv AhtXpXtbmIpp; AhXs kzbw
Bmhmbnocpp.
62. D] Csslh ktm f Y hnZvakvXZzbw \
tNZ th Zn a lXo hn \n x , tb XZz n Zp c
arXmkvtX `hytYXtc ZpxJtahm]nbn.
\mw Cu icocn hknpsImp Xs AXns\
Adn bp s n IrXm cm bn o cp p. Fm
AXns\ {KlnmXncn pXv hfsc lm\nIc amWv.
bmsXmcp AXns\ {Klnppthm, Ah Aac
\mbn `hnpp. Fm ap h ZpxJs {]m]n p
p.
63. D] bssZXa\p]iymXymm\w tZha Rv P km,
Cuim\w `qX `hyky \ XtX hnPqKp]vktX,
`qXntbpw `mhnbpsSbpw \mY\mb Cu {]Imi
am\ amb AYhm I^eZmXmhmb Bmhns\ a\pjy
{]Xyn a\ n empIbmsWn AXn\npw
Xs cn phm\m{Klnpn .
64. D]x bkv amZhmhkw htcm f tlmZn ]cn
hXtX, Xthm tPymXnjw tPymXncmbqtlm
]mktX f arXw
bmsXmn \ Snbnembn kwh c N{Iw Atlmcm{XmZn
AhbhtfmSpIqSn Idnsmn cnppthm, B
I K
N P
336
BZnXymZn tPymXnpIfpsS tPymXnkzcq]\mb Aar
Xs tZhKW Bbpkv F {]Imc n D]mknpp
65. D]x bkv an] ]P\m BImi {]Xn
jv TnXx, Xtah a\y Bm\w hnZzm {_m
artXm f arXw
bmsXmn ] P\fpw, BImihpw {]Xnjv Tn X
ambn cnppthm, B Bmhns\s AarX{_am
bn, Rm AwKoIcnpp. B {_s Adnbph
\mb Rm AacXsbmIpp.
66. D]x {]mWky {]mWapX NpjpcpX
t{imXky t{im{Xw a\tkm tb at\m hnZpx
tX \nNnIyp{_ ]pcmWa{Kyw
bmsXmcp AXns\ {]mWs {]mW\mbpw t{im{X
ns t{im{X ambpw, a\ns a\ mbpw, {Klnpp
thm, Ah ]pcmX\hpw A{Kyhpamb B {_s Adn
bpp.
67. D]x a\sskhm\p{Zhyw t\l \m\mkvXn
In\, artXym k arXypam]vt\mXn b Cl
\mt\h ]iyXn.
{_s BNmtcym ]tZi]qw hon Ww.
CXn \m\mXzw bmsXmpan. bmsXmcp CXn
\m\mXzn\v Xpeyambn ImWppthm, Ah arXyp
hnqSn arXyphns\ {]m]n pp.
68. D]x GIss[hm\p{ZhytaX Z{]tabw [rhw
hncPx ]c BImimZP Bm alm {[phx
B {_s BNmtcym]tZin\ptijw Htc coXn
bnXs hon Ww. Cu {_w A{]tab hpw, Ahn
NenX hpw, \nehpw, BImitmfpw kqv ahpw,
AP mhpw, alpw Ahn\minbpw BIpp.
69. D] Xtah [otcm hnmb {]w Ipho
X {_Wx, \m\p[ymbmZv _lpWv O_vZm
hmtNm hnm]\ Hmw ln XZnXn
_pnam\mb {_m W AXns\ Xs Adnv
AXn\np Adnhp kmZnWw. hfsc b[nIw hmp
I DcphnSmXn cn s. AXv hmpIfpsS {]IS\w am{X
am Ipp.
70. D] k hm Gj alm\P Bm tbm f bw
hnm\abx {]mtWjp b Gtjm f lr
Zb BImikvXakvanRvtOtX khky hio
kh tkyim\x kh kym [n ]Xnx k \
km[p\m IaWm `qbmtm Ghm km [p\m
I\obmt\j kthizc Gj `qXm[n]Xntcj
`qX ]me Gj tkXphn[cW Gjmw temIm
\m akv a t`Zmb XtaXw thZm \p h N t\\
{_mWm hnhnZnjn bt\ Zt\\ X]
km \m itIss\X tah hnZnXzm ap\n` h Xn,
GXtah {]{]mPnt\m temI hn Ox {]{]P
n, GX kvassh XXv ]qth hnZzm Hmwk
{]Pmw \ Imabt Inw {]Pbm Icnjymtam
tbjmw t\m f bammbw temI CXn tX l
kv a ]pss{X jWmb hnss j Wm b
temssIj Wmb hypmbmY `nm Nb
Ncn bm tlyh ]pss{XjWm km hnss
jWm bm hn ssjWm km temssI j
tWmt` tlytX GjtW Gh `hXx k Gj
t\Xn t\Xymm Krtlym \ ln KrlytX f
iotbm \ ln iobtX f kMv tKm \ ln
kPytX f kntXm \ hyYtX \ cnjytXyXap
sslsshtX \ XcX CXypXx ]m]aI ch an
XyXx Ieym W a I chanXypt` D sslsshj
GtX XcXn ss\\w IrXmIrtX X]Xx
Cu alm APmhmb Bmhv, AXmbXv {]mW
\n hnm\a b ambncnpXv lrZb amIp BImi
n hknpp. AXv Fmnt\bpw Iogvs Spp
Xpw, Fmnsbpw A[n]Xnbpw BIpp. AXv ip`
Ifm hfcpItbm, Aip`Ifm Xfcp
Itbm sNpn . AXv ktiz c \mIpp; `qXfpsS
A[n]Xn bpw, `qXsf ]menph\pamIpp. Cu
temI epsS acymZ `wKs SmXncn s Cu Dtitm
SpIqSn AXv Chsb hlnpsImncnp tkXphmIp
p. (D]\njpIfn CXns kzcq]s hnhcnpp
v ) AXv Cu Bmhns\ {_mWthZ fpsS kzm[ym
bw, bw, Zm\w, \njvImaX]w ChI Zzmcm Adnhm
\m{Klnpp. CXns\ Xs AdnpsImv aljnbm
bnocpp. Cu B temIs ImwnpsImv XymKn
bmb ]pcpj Fmapt]nv ISpt]mIpp. (k\ym
knbmbn ocpp) Cu k\ymkns ImcWw ]q
hnbmb m\nI km\ sf B{Klnncpn.
(Ah NnnncpXv ) \apv {]PIfn\npw Fp
Inpp? \psS B{Klw Cu BtemIw XsbmIp
p. AXn\m Ah ]pt{XObn\npw, hntO
bn\npw, temtIO bn\npw Dm\w sNbvXv `nm
Ncy A\pjvTn ncpp. bmsXmcp ]pt{XOphmIp
pthm Ah hntOphpw. bmsXmcp hnt Op
hmIppthm Ah temtIOphmIpIbpw sNpp. Ch
cpw A`nemj fmIpp. Ah Cu t\Xnt\Xn Fp
P]nsSp Bmhv AKrlyamIpp. Ah {Kln
s Spn , AXv AiocyamIpp, AXn\p \miw kw`
hn pn, AXv AkwKamIpp, AXv Hcnepw Ak
amIpn, AXv _ns Spn. AXn\m hyYn
XamIpn. AXpt]mseXs AXn\p bw kw`hnp
n. Cu Bmhns\ Ch cpw (]m]]pWy kw_n
bmb timIhpw ljhpw) {]m]npn. AXn\m,
CmcWm, Rm ]m]w sNbv Xncn pp (C s\
I K
N P
337
]mm]hpw) CmcWm Rm ]pWyw sNbvXn
cnpp (C {]Imcw ktmjnpIbpw) Cu cn t\bpw
AXp ISpt]mIpp. Cs\ sNs Xpw, sNsSm
Xpamb \nXyI (^ e{]Zm\hpw {]Xyhmb hhpw
hgn) X]nn pn .
71. D] XtZX ZrNm`ypw, Gj \ntXym alnam
{ _m Wky \ h[tX IaWm t\m
I\obm, Xsskyh kymXv ]Z hn w
hnZnXzm\ en]ytX IaWm ]m] tI t\ Xn,
Xkv amtZhw hnOmtm Zm D] c X kv Xn
Xnpx kamln tXm `qXz m t\y hm m\w
]iyXn khamm\w ]iyXn ss\\w ]m]vam
XcXn kh ]m]vam\w XcXn ss\\w ]m]vam
X]Xn kh ]m]v am\w X]Xn hn ]mt]m
hnctPm f hnNnIntm {_mtWm `htXyj
{ _ temIx k{ am tU\w { ]m]n tXm f
koXntlmhmN bmhevIyx tkm f lw `K
htX hn tZ lm ZZman amw Nm]n kl
ZmkymtbXn.
Cu ImcywXs a{ hgnbmbpw ]dbs ncnp
p. CXv {_thmhns \nXyamb alnabmIpp.
AXv Im IqSppan, Ipd bppan. B alna
bpsS kzcq]s Adnbp hcmbncnWw. AXv Adnp
sImv ]m]Ifpambn AenptNcpn. AXn
\m C{]Imcw Adnbph imcpw, Zmcpw, D]c X
cpw, XnXnpfpw, kamlnXcpambn BmhnXs
Bmhns\ Zinpp. Fmnt\bpw Bmhp Zin
pp. AXn\v ]m]]pWy fpsS {]m]vXnbpmIpn,
CXv Fm ]m]fptSbpw adpIc ISpt]mIpp.
]m]hpw ]pWyhpw CXns\ kao]npn, CXv Fm ]m]
tfbpw k]v X ampp. CXv ]m]cln Xhpw \njvIa
hpw, \nwibhpw, {_m Whpambn `hnpp. tl
km{amv! CXmIpp {_temIw. An CXns\ kao]n
ncnpp. C{]Imcw bm hev Iy ]dp. Atm
P\ I ]dp, CXm Rm {ioa\v hntZl cmPyw \evIp
p, AtXmSpIqSn Atbvp tkhsNphm kzbw
kanpIbpw sNpp.
72. D]x k hm Gj alm\P AmmtZm hkp
Zmt\m hncptX hkpb Ghw thZ
Cu alm\pw APmhpamb Bmhv Aw `n p
Ibpw, I^ew \IpIbpw sNpp. bmsXmcp
C{]Imcw {Klnppthm, Ahs\ Fm I^ efpw
{]m]npp.
73. D]x k hm Gj alm\P BmPtcm f atcm
f artXm f `tbm {_m`bw ssh {_m`b
Hmw ln ssh {_ `hXn b Ghw thZ.
Cu alm\pw APmhpamb BmhpXs APc hpw,
Aachpw, AarXhpw, A`b{_mhpamIpp. A`bw
Xs {_ amIpp. bmsXmcp C{]Imcw {Klnp
pthm, Ah B A`b{_ Xs Bbnocpp.
Amw {_mWw
74. D]x AY l bmhevIyky tZz `mtcy _`q
hXpssa t{Xbo N ImXymb\o N Xtbml
ssat{ Xbo {_ hm Zn \o _`qh kv { Xo{ ]
th Xln ImXym b \yY l bm
hev tIym f \yZv hr ap]mIcnjy
bm hev Iy\v ssat{Xbn Fpw ImXymb\n Fpw
cp `mcyamcpmbncpp FXv {]kn amWtm. Ah
cn ssat{Xbn {_hmZn \nbpw ImXymb\n km[mcW
kv {XoIfpsS _pn tbmSpIqSnb hfpambncpp. Atm
bmhevIy kymkNcy Bcw `nphm\p B{K
l tmSpIqSn ]dp.
75. D] ssat{X boXn tlmhmN bm hev Iy
{]{hPn jy hm Atc f lakvamXv m\m
Zkv an l tX f \bm ImXym b \ymw
IchmWoXn.
bmhevIy ]dp: Atbm ssat{Xbo! Rm\o
Krl m{ia ns kkzhpw Dt]nv t]mIphm
XpSpp, AXmbXv k\ymkw kzoIcn phm hnNmcn
pp. Rm \ns A\paXn BhiysSpIbpw B{K
lnpIbpw sNpp. AXn \m Cu ImXymb\ntbmSp
IqSn \n\ namsWn hknmw.
76. D]km tlmhmN ssat{Xbo bp a Cbw
`tKmx khm ]rYnho hnt\ ]qWmkymXv
kymw \zlw tX\m arXm f tlm t\Xnt\Xn
tlmhmN bmhevtIym bssYthm]IcW
{XXmw PohnXw XssYh tX PohnXHmwkymZ
arXXzky Xp \mimkvXn hntt\Xn.
ssat{Xbn ]dp `Khm! Cu [\m k
bmb `qan apgph FtXmbnocpIbmsWn F\nv
AtXm Sp IqSn Aa c bm bn o cp hm km[n p tam,
Ctbm? bmhev Iy ]dpkm[ya; t`mKkma
{KnIfm k ambXv a\pjycptSXpt]mep PohnXam
Ipp, \ns PohnXhpw AXpt]mse Bbncnpw. [\
nqSn Aa c Xzs Bintb th.
77. D]km tlmhmN ssat{Xbo tb\mlw \marXm
kymw Inalw tX\ Ipbm btZh `Kh thZ
XtZhta {_qloXn.
ssat{Xbn ]dp: bmsXmpsImv F\nv Aa
cXzw {]m]nphm km[ya tbm AXp kzoIcnpsImv
I K
N P
338
Rms\p sNpw? {ioam! Atbvdnhp AarX
Xz km[ Isf F\np]tZinp Xmepw.
78. D]k tlmhmN bmhevIyx {]nbm
th Jep t\m `hXn kXo {]nbahr[
Xln `htXyXZv hymJymkyman tX hymN
mWky Xp ta \nZn[ymktkzXn
bmhIy ]dp. Xobmbpw. \o ]pap
Xte \psS {]nbbmbn cpp; Cu kabpw \o \psS
ktmjs hfpp. AXn\m tl tZho! Rm
ktmjtmSpIqSn \n\pthn CXns\ hymJym\n
mw. Rm hymJym\np hnjb sfn \o Nnn
Ww.
79. D] k tlmhmN \ hm Atc ]Xypx Imamb
]Xnx {]ntbm `hXy\kvXp Imamb ]Xnx {]n
tbm `hXn, \ hm Atc Pmbmssb Imamb
Pmbm {]nbm `hXym\kvXp Imamb Pmbm
{]nbm `hXn, \ hm Atc ]p{XmWmw Imamb
]p{Xmx {]nbm `hy\kvXp Imamb ]p{Xmx
{]nbm `hn, \ hm Atc hnky Imamb
hnw {]nbw `hXy\kvXp Imamb hnw
{]nbw `h Xn, \ hm Atc ]iq\mw Imamb
]izx {]nbm `hym\kvXp Imamb ]ihx
{]nb `hn, \ hm Atc {_Wx Imamb
{_{]nbw `h Xym \kv Xp Imamb {_
{]nbw `hXn, \ hm Atc {Xky Imamb
{Xw {]nbw `hXym\kvXp Imamb {Xw
{]nb `hXn, \ hm Atc temIm\mw Imamb
temImx {]nbm `hy\kvXp Imamb temImx
{]nb `hn, \ hm Atc tZhm\mw Imamb
tZhmx {]nbm`h y \kv Xp Imamb tZhmx
{]nbm `hn, \hm Atc thZm\mw Imamb
thZmx {]nbm `hym\kvX Imamb thZmx
{]nbm `hv , \ hm Atc `qXm\mw Imamb
`qXm\n {]nbmWn `hym \kv Xp Imamb
`qXm\n {]nbmWn `hn, \ hm Atc kky
Imab k {]nbw `hy \kv Xp Imamb
kh {]nbw `hXn. Bm hm Atc {Zhyx
t{ imXthym athym \n Zn [ym kn Xthym
ssat{ X bm \n Jez tcZrt { iptX atX
hnmX CZ Hmw kh hnZnXw.
Atlw ]dp Atbm ssat{Xbo ]XnbpsS
{]tbmP \ n\pthn ]Xn {]nbs h\mIpn, Xt
Xmb {]tbmP \ n\pthn ]Xn {]nb s h\mbnocp
p, `mcybpsS {]tbmP \ n\p thn `mcy {]nb cnbm
Ipn, kzamb {]tbmP\n\pthn `mcy {]nb s
hfmIpp, ]p{Xs {]tbmP\ n\pthn ]p{X {]nb
s h\mIpn , kzw {]tbmP\n \pthn ]p{X
{]nbs h\mbn ocpp, [\ns {]tbmP \n \p
thn [\w {]nb s h\mIpn, Xt Xmb {]tbmP \
n\pthn [\w {]nb s Xmbn ocpp. arK fpsS
{]tbmP\n \pthn arK {]nbshbmIpn .
kzw {]tbmP \ n\pthn arK {]nbshbmbn
ocpp, {_m Ws {]tbmP\n\pthn {_m
W {]nbs h\mIpn. kzw {]tbmP \ n\pthn
{_mW {]nb s h\mbnocpp. {Xnbs {]tbm
P\n\pthn {Xnb {]nb \mIpn, kzw {]tbm
P\ n\pthn {Xnb {]nbsh\mbn ocpp.
temIns {]tbmP\ n\mbn temIw {]nb sXmIp
n, kzw {]tbmP\n \mbn temIw {]nbs Xmbn
ocpp, tZhmcpsS {]tbmP\ n\pthn tZhm
{]nbshcmIpn, kzw {]tbmP\ n\pthn tZh
m {]nb s hcmbnocpp. thZ fpsS {]tbmP\ n
\pthn thZ {]nb s hbmIpn. kzw {]tbm
P\ n\pthn thZ {]nb s hbmbnocpp. `qX
fpsS {]tbmP\ n\pthn `qX {]nb s hcmIp
n. kzw {]tbmP\n \pthn `qX {]nbs
hcmbnocpp. FmhcptSbpw {]tbmP\n\pthn
Fmhcpw {]nb s hcmIpn, kzw {]tbmP\ n\p
thn Fmhcpw {]nbshcmbnocpp. AXn \m
Atbm ssat{Xbo! BmhpXs Zi\obhpw, {ih
Wobhpw, a\\obhpw, [ym\tbmKyhpamIpp. tl
ssat{Xbo! Xobmbpw B Zi\hpw, {ihWhpw, a\
\hpw, hnm\hpw Dmbngnm Chsbmn
sbpw m\w DmIpp.
80. D]x {_Xw ]cm ZmZv tbm f \y{Xm t\m
{ _ thZ { Xw X ]cm ZmZv tbm f
\y{Xm\x {Xw thZ temImkv Xw ]cm
Zp tcym f \y{ Xm t\m temIm thZ
thZmkvXw ]cmZptcym f \y{Xmt\m tZhm
thZ thZmkv Xw ]cm Zptcym f \y{Xm t\m
thZm thZ `qXm\n Xw ]cmZp tcym f \y{X
t\m thZm thZ `qXm\n Xw ]cmZptcym f
\y{Xmt\m `qXm\n thZ khXw ]cmZmZv
tbm f \y{Xm \x kh thtZZw {_tZw
{X anta temIm Cta tZhm CtathZm Cam\n
`qXm\oZ Hmw kh bZbamm
bmsXmcp {_mWPmXnsb Bmhn \npw
`n ambn IcpXppthm, Ahs\ {_mWPmXn ]cmPb
sSppp. Bcv {Xnb PmXnsb Bmhn\npw
`nambn IcpXppthm, Ahs\ {Xn bPmXn ]cmPb
s Sppp. Bcv temIs Bmhn\npw `n ambn
IcpXppthm, Ahs\ temIw ]cmP bsSppp. Bcv
tZhXIsf Bmhn\npw `nambn IcpXppthm,
Ahs\ tZhX I ]cmP bsSppp. Bcv thZsf
Bmhn\npw `n ambn IcpXppthm, Ahs\ thZ
]cm P b s Sp p p. Bcv `qX sf Bm
hn\np `n ambn IcpXppthm, Ahs\ `qX ]cm
I K
N P
339
PbsSppp. Bcv Fmhtcbpw Bmhn\npw
`nambn IcpXppthm, Ahs\ Fmhcpw ]cmP bs
Sppp. Cu {_m WPmXn, Cu {Xnb PmXn, Cu
temIw, Cu tZhm, Cu thZ, Cu `qX, Cu
Fmhcpw, IqSmsX assmaptm, Ahsbmw Bm
hpXs bmIpp.
81. D]x k bYm Zppt`l\yam\ky \ _mlym
RvO_vZmRvOIv\pbmZv {KlWmb Zpp t`kv Xp
{ KltW\ Zpp `ym Lm Xky hm i_v tZm
KrloXx
Hcp Zpp`nbpsS ta hSn apXembhsImv BLmX
tansSpp, B Zpp`nbpsS _mlyi_vZsf
Bpw Hcp hn[ nepw {Klnphm km[npn,
Fm Zpp`ntbtbm AYhm AXns BLmXttbm
{Klnp tXmSpIqSn AXns i_vZhpw {Kln sXm
bn ocpp.
82. D]x k bYm iMv Jky [v amb am \ky \
_mlymRvO_vZmRvOIv\pbmZv {KlWmb iMv
Jky Xp {KltW\ iMvJ[vaky hm i_vtZm
KrloX.
hmbnhqXp iwJns i_vZw {KlnpXn
Bcpw kacmIpn, Fm iwJns DuX {Kln
ptXmSpIqSn AXns i_vZhpw {Kln s Xmbno
cp p.
83. D]x k bYm hoWmssb hmZy am \mssb \
hmZym Rv O _v Zm Rv O p \p bmZv {Kl Wmb
hoWm ssb Xp {KltW\ hoWmhmZky hm
i_vtZm KrloXx
hmbn s Sp hoWbpsS, _mlyi_vZs {Klnp
Xn Bcpw kacmIpn, Fm hoWtbm
AXnsc hmbn ent\tbm {KlnpXnt\mSpIqSn B
i_vZhpw KrloXambn ocpp.
84. D]k bYm ff ss{Z[m tc`ymlnXky ]rY
Kv [qam hn\n c tyhw hm Atc f ky
altXm `qXky \niz kn X ta XZv bZr tKztZm
bPqthZx kmathtZm f [hmMvKnck CXn
lmkx ]pcmWw hnZym D] \n jZx tmImx
kq{XmWy\phymJym\m\n hymJym\m\n Hmw
lpX aminXw ]mbn X abw N temIx ]c
temIx khmWn N `qXm\ysskysshXm\n
khmWn \nizknXm\n
\\pIpXn hndIp IppXn\npw {]tXy
I amb coXn bn ep [qaw Db cp Xp t]mse tl
ssat{Xbo! Cu EtKz Zhpw, kmathZhpw, AYhthZhpw,
CXnlmkhpw, ]pcmWhpw, hnZybpw, D]\n jpfpw,
tmIfpw ({_m Wa{w) kq{Xepw (sshZo IhkvXp
kw{Kl hmIyw) kq{X fpsS hymJym\ hpw, a{fpsS
hymJym\ hpw, bfpw lh\ hpw, BinX hpw, ]mbn
Xhpw, Cu temIhpw, ]ctemIhpw, kq`qX fpw
Fmw CXns \nizmkX s bmIpp.
85. D] k bYm khmkma]m Hmw kap{Z GIm
b\tah Hmw kthjm Hmw kv]im\mw XztK
Imb \ tah Hmw kthjmw Km\mw
\mkntI GImb\tah Hmw kthjmw Hmw
ckm\mw Pnsslz Imb\tah Hmw kthjm
Hmw cq ]mWmw Np tc Im b \ tah Hmw
kthjm Hmw i_vZm\m Hmw t{im{X taImb
\ tah Hmw kthjm Hmw kev]m\mw a\
GIm b \tah Hmw khmkmw hnZym\m Hmw
lrZbta Imb\tah Hmw kthjm IaWm
Hmw lkvXmtaImb\tah Hmw kthjmam\
mkap] GImb \ tah Hmw kthjmw
hnkKmWmw ]mbptcImb\tah Hmw kth
jma [z\mw ]mZmthImb\tah Hmw kthjmw
thZm\mw hmtKImb\w
kap{Zw Fns\ Fm Pepw Ab\w ({]f b
m\w) BIptm AXpt]mse Fm kv]i\pw
sXmen Hcp Ab\amIpp, Fm Kpw cp
\mknI Hcp Ab \ amIpp, Fm ckpw Pnlz Hcp
Ab\amIpp, Fm cq]pw Npv Hcp Ab \
amIpp, Fm i_vZpw t{im{Xw Hcp Ab\amIp
p, Fm kev]pw a\v Hcp Ab\amIpp,
Fm hnZyIpw lrZbw Hcp Ab \ amIpp, kakv X
Ipw ssI Hcp Ab\amIpp, Fm B\
pw D]w Hcp Ab\amIpp, Fm hnk
pw KpZw Hcp Ab \ amIpp, kakvXampw
cp Nc W Hcp Ab\amIpp. CXpt]mse Xs
Fm thZpw hmv Hcp Ab \ amIpp.
86. D] k bYm ssk h [t\m f \tcm f
_mlyx Irvt\mck[\ Gsshhw hm Atc
f bam\tcm f _mlyx Irv\x {]m
\ [\ Gssh tXt`ym `qtX`yx kap mb
Xmt\yhm\p hn\iyXn \ t{]Xy kwmkvXo
Xytc {_ho aoXn tlmhmN bmhevIyx
F{]Imcw Dns Hcp IjWw _mlymc t`ZanmsX
ckkq ambncnppthm, tl ssat{Xbn, A{]Imcw
Xs Cu Bmhp _mlymc t`Zc lnXambn kq
amb {]m[\ tmSpIqSn \ne\npp. CXv Cu `qX
tfmSqIqSn DnXamIpIbpw AhtbmSpIqSn Xs \in
pIbpw sNpp. C{]Imcw acWtmSpIqSn AXv
\mamhtijambnocpp. tl ssat{Xbo! Rm\n{]Imcw
]dbpp. Cns\ bm hevIy ]dp.
I K
N P
340
87. D] km tlmhmN ssat{Xss{Xh am `K
hm tamlm am ]o ]n b hm Al an aw
hnPm\maoXn k tlmhmN \ hm Atc f lw
tamlw {_ho ay hn \mio hm Atc f bam
m\pOnn [am
ssat{Xbn ]dp {ioam Av Fs ChnsSXs
taml n ]Xnnncnpp. CXn hntijhn[nbmbn
F\nsmpw Xs a\kn embnn . Atlw ]dp:
Atbm ssat{Xbo ! Rm taml kw _ ambn
bmsXmpw Xs ]dnn. Cu Bmhv \nbambpw
Ahn\minbpw, A\ptOZcq]tmSpIqSn b XpamIp p.
88. D] b{X ln ssZzXanh `hXn XZnXc CXcw
]iyXn XZn Xc CXcw Pn{LXn XZnXc CXc
Hmx ckbtX XZnXc CXca`n hZXn XZnXc CXc
Hmw irtWmXn XZnXc CXcw a\ptX XZnXc
CXc Hmw kv]riXn XZnXc CXcw hnPm\mXn
b{X Xzky khamssXvahm`qXv XXv tI\ Iw
]tiyXv XXv tI\ Iw Pnt{LXv XXv tI\ \
Hmw cktbXv XXv tI\ Ia`nhtZXv XXv tI\
I Hmw irWpbmXv XXv tI\ Iw a\zoX XXv
tI\ I Hmw kv]rtiyXv XXv tI\ Iw hnPm \o
bmXv tbt\Z Hmw kh hn Pm\mXn Xw tI\
hnPm\obmXv k Gj t\Xn t\XymmKrtlym
\ ln KrlytX f iotcym \ ln iocytX f
kMvtKm \ ln kPytX f kntXm \ hyYtX
\ cnjyXn hnmXmcatc tI\ hnPm\obmZn
Xyp m \p im k \mkn ssat{XtXmh Ztc
Jev har X Xz anXn tlmzm bmhev tIym
hnP lmc
FhnsS (AhnZymhm\ n) ssZzXapmbncn p
pthm, AhnsS A\yw A\ys Zinpp. A\yw
A\ys izknpp, A\yw A\ys BkzZnpp,
A\yw A\ys A`nhmZ\w sNpp, A\yw A\ys
{ihnpp, A\yw A\ys a\\w sNpp. A\yw
A\ys kv]inpp, A\yw A\ys hntijhn
[nbmbn {Klnpp. Fm FhnsS CXn\pthn Fm
Bmfpw Bbnocppthm, AhnsS GXnqSn
GXns\ Zinpw? FnqSn Fns\ izknpw?
FnqSn Fns ckw BkzZnpw? FnqSn
Fns\ BkzZnpw? FnqSn Fns\ {ihnpw?
BcnqSn Bsc A`nhmZ\w sNpw? FnqSn
Fn s\ a\\w sNpw? Fn qSn Fns\
kv]inpw? BcnqSn Bsc Adnbpw? bmsXmph
gnbmbn ]pcpj Chsbmw Adnbppthm, AXns\
GXp km[\ bm Adnbpw? t\Xnt\Xn C{]Imcw \nt
in sSp Bmhv AKrlyamIppAX dnbsSp
n; AiocyamIppAXn\p hn\miw kw`hnpn;
AkwKamIppAXmk amIpn; A_ amIpp
AXv hyYnXhpw, oWnXhpamIpn , tl ssat{Xbo!
hnmXmhns\ GXp amnqSn {Kln m Ign
bpXv? C{]Imcw \n\ p]tZiw \Isncnpp.
ssat{Xbn! a\ nemq; AarXXzw C{Xbpw am{Xta Dq.
C{]Imcw ]dpsImv bmhev Iy ]cn{hPI (k
\ymkn) \mbn op.
Bdmw {_mWw
89. D]x AY h Hmwix ]uXnamtjym Ku]h\mZv
Km]h\x ]uXnamjymXv ]uXn amtjym Ku]
h\mZv Ku]h\x IuinImXv IuinIx Iun
\yXv Iun \yx imn eym Om n eyx
IuinI KuXam KuXax.
C\v bmhevIyImns hwi]c c ]dbpp
]uXn amjy Ku]h\\n\n pw, Ku]h\ ]uXn am
jy\n\npw, ]uXn amjy Ku]h\\n\npw, Ku]
h\ IuinI\n\npw, IuinI Iun \y\n\n
pw, Iun\y imney\n\npw, imney
IuinI\n\npw, KuXa KuX a \n\npw
90. D]: An th iym Zm n thtiym KmKymZv
KmtKym KmKymZv KmtKym KuXamZv KuXax
sskX hmXv sskXhx ]mcm i cym b WmXv
]mcmicymbtWm KmKymbWmZv KmKymbW
Dm e Im b \m Zp m e Im bt\m Pmhm em b
\mmhmembt\m am[yn\mb \m [y n \m
b\x kuIcmbWmXv kuIcmbWx Imjmb
WmXv ImjmbWx kmbImb\mXv kmbImb\x
IuinImbt\; IuinImb\nx
(KuX a) An thiy\n\n pw, Anthiy
KuKy\ne\npw, KmKy KuXa \n\npw, KuXa
sskXh\n\npw, sskXh ]mcmicybW\n\n
pw, ]mcmicybW KZmKymbW\n\npw, KmKym
b W DmeImb \n\npw, DmeImb \ Pm_memb\
\n\npw, Pm_memb \ am[yn\mb\ \n\npw, am[y
n\mb\ kuIcmbW\n\npw, kuIcm b W
Imjmb W\n\npw, ImjmbW kmbImb\\n\n
pw, kmbImb\ IuinImb \n\npw, IuinImb \n .
91. D] LrX IuinImZv LrXIuinIx ]mcmicym
bWmXv ]mcm i cym bWx ]mcm i cymXv
]cmitcym PmXqIWymmXqIWy Bkp
cmbWm bmkv ImmkpcmbWkv ss{XhtW
kvss{Xh Wncu]Pt\cu]P \n cmkp tc
cm kp co`m c Zz m PmZv `mcZzmP Bt{X bm Zm
t{Xtbm amtamn KuX amZv KuXtam KuX
amZv KuXtam hmXvkymZv hmyx imneym
Om n eyx ssItim cymXv ImWymXv
ssItimcyx ImWywx IpamclmcnXmXv Ipamc
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lmcntXm KmehmZvKmethm hnZ`nIun\ymZv
hnZ`nIunt\ym h \ ]mtXm _m{`hmZv
h\]mZv {_m`qhx ]Yx ku`cmXv ]mw
tkm`tcm f bmkymZMvKnc kmZbmky AMv Kn
ck B`qtXkvXzmmZm`qXnkvXzmtm hnizcq
]mXv Xzm mZv hnizcq]kvXzmizn`ymaizn\u
Z[oN BYh WmZv Z[yMv MmYhtWm f
YhtWm ssZhm Z Yhm ssZthm artXymx
{ ]m[z Hmw k\ rXyp x { ]m[z Hmw k\x
{]m[zxHmwk\mXv {]m[z Hmwk\ GItjtc
Ijn {]Nnthn{]Nn nthythynx
k\mtcmx k\mcpx k\m X\mXv k\mX\x k\
KmX k\Kx ]ctajvTn\x ]ctajvTn {_tWm
{_ kzbw`q {_tW \ax.
LrXIuinI\n\npw, LrXIuinI ]mcmimcym
b W\n\npw, ]mcmimcymb W ]mcmicybn\npw,
]mcmicy PmXqIWybn\npw, PmXqIWy Bkpcm
b W\n\n pw, BkpcmbW bmkv I\n\n pw,
Bkpcmb W ss{Xhnbn\npw, ss{Xhn Hu]
Pn\nbn\npw, Hu]Pn\n Bkqcnbn\npw,
Bkqcn `mcZzmP\n\npw, `mcZzmP At{Xb \n\n
pw, At{Xb amnbn\npw, amn KuXa\n\n
pw, KuXa KuXa\n\npw, KuXa hmym\n\n
pw, hmym imney\n\n pw, imney
ssItimcyIm]ybn\npw, ssItimc Im]y Ipamc lmcn
X\n\npw, Ipamc lmcnX Kmeh\n\npw, Kmeh
hnZ`oIun\y\n\npw, hnZ_oIun\y h
\ ]mZ_m`qh\n\n pw, h \ ]mZ_m`qh ]mku
`c\n\npw, ]mku`c AbmkyAwKnc n\n
pw, Bbmky AwKocv B`qXn Xz \n\n pw, B`q
Xn Xz hniz cq]Xz \n\npw hniz cq]Xz Ain
hn\nIpamcmcn\npw, Aizn\nIpamc m Z[ym
YhW\n\npw, Z[ymYhW AYhmtZh
\n\npw, AYhmtZh arXyp{]m[zw k\\n\n pw,
arXyp{]m[zwk\ {]m[zw k\n\npw, {]m[zw k
GIjnbn\npw, GIjn hn{]Nnnbn\npw,
hn{]Nnn Xymnbn\npw, Xvbv n k\mcphn\npw,
k\mcp k\mX\ \n\npw, k\mX\ k\ K\n\npw,
k\K ]c tanbn\npw, ]c tan {_mhn\npw
Cu hnZy {]m]np. {_mhv kzbw`qhmIpp, {_m
hns\ \akv Icnpp.
Ama ymbw
Hmw {_mWw
1. D] Hmw ]qW aZx ]qW anZw ]qWmXv
]qW ap Z Ny tX, ]qWky ]qW am Zmb
]qWtahm hinjytX.
CXv (]c{_w ]q amIpp. AXv (tkm]m[nIamb
{_hpw) ]qamIpp. Cu (ImcymIamb ]qX(
Imc Wm Iamb) ]q Xbn\npXs D hnpp.
Cu ]q Xzns ]qX (AhnZymIrXamb A\yXzm
`mkw) amn g m ]q X Xs Ahtijnpp.
2. D] Hmw Jw {_ Jw ]pcmWw hmbpcw JanXn
l kvaml IuchymbWo]pt{Xm thtZm f bw
{_Wm hnZpthssZt\\ bZv thZnXhyw
BImiw {_amb HmwImcamIpp. BImiw (C hnsS
PUw Dmbncnpn ) k\mX\( ]c ammhv)amIpp.
AXn hmbp hknpp; B BImiw Xs Jw (Hcp
a{w) BIpp. C{]Imcw Iuc hymb Wo]p{X ]dn
cnpp. CXv HmwImc amb thZamIppC {]Imcw {_m
W a\ nempp. FpsImsm bmsXmv
m\ hyambncn ppthm AXn \npw CXns
m\w DmIpp.
cmw {_Ww
3. D] {Xbmx {]mP ]Xymx {]Pm ]Xu ]nXcn
{_Nb`qjptZhm a\pjzm Akpcm Djn Xzm
{_Nb tZhm DuNp{_hoXp t\m `hm\nXn
tXt`ym sslXZcaphmN Z CXn hymmknm
CXn hymm kn jv taXn tlmNpZm ay tXXn \
BttXymanXn tlm hmN hymmkntXn.
tZhm, a\pjy, Akpc, {]Pm]XnbpsS Cu ]p{X
m ]nXmhmb {]Pm]XnbpsS ASp {_Ncy A\p
jv Tnp. {_Ncym{hXw Ign tm tZhm ]dp
Av Rp]tZiw \Inbmepw {]Pm]Xn AhtcmSv
Z F Acw ]dpsImv tNmZnp a\ nemtbm?
AXn\h adp]Sn ]dp a\ nembn, Av R tfmSv
Za\w sNp FmWv ]dXv Atm {]Pm]Xn, icn
\n {Klnncnpp Fp ]dRARp.
4. D] AY ssl\w a\pjym DuNp{_ hoXp
t\m `hm\nXn tXt`ym sslXtZhmcaphmN
Z CXn hyknm CXn hykn jv taXn
tlmNpZtXn \ BttXymanXn tlmhm
NX hymkn tXn
A\cw {]Pm]XntbmSv a\pjy ]dp: Av
Rp]tZiw \Inbmepw AhtcmSv {]Pm]Xn Z
F Acw Xs ]dpsImv tNmZnp Fm a\
nemtbm? a\pjy adp]Sn ]dp Av RtfmSv
Zm\w sNphm ]dn cn pp. icn \n a\ n em
nbncnpp Fv {]Pm]Xn ]dp.
5. D] AY ssl\akpcm DuNp{_hoXp t\m
`hm \nXn tXt`ym sslX tZhm c aphmN Z
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CXn hym kn m CXn hymkn tjy
Xn tlmNpZ b[z an Xn \ Bt tXym an Xn
tlmhmN hym kn tXn XtZX tZsshjm
ssZho hmK\hZXn kvX\ bnXv\pZ Z Z CXn
ZmayX Z Zb [z an Xn XtZ XXv { XbHmw
intaw Zm\w ZbmanXn.
]noSv Akpcm {]Pm]XntbmSv ]dp Av
Rp]tZiw \Inbmepw. AhtcmSpw Z F
Acw ]dpsImv {]Pm]Xn tNmZnp a\ nemtbm?
Fv . Rp a\nembn Ah ]dp, Ap R
tfmSp ZbhphcmIphm ]dncn pp. Atm
{]Pm]Xn \n {Klnncnpp Fv ]dp. B {]Pm
]XnbpsS A\p im k \s taL K \ cq ]n bmb
hmKvtZhn Cp Z Z Z Fv ]cn`mjsSpnsmn cn
pp. AXmbXv Za\w sNq, Zm\w sNq, Zb sNq
Fv. AXn\m Zam, Zm\w, Zb Cu aqpw A`yknp
hn.
aqmw {_mWw
6. D]x Gj {]Pm]XnbZv lrZbtaXZv {_ss
XXv kh XtZXXv {XycHmw lrZbanXn lr
CtXyIa ca`nl cykvssa kzmmt\y Nb
Ghw thZ Z CtXyIacw ZZXykvssa kzm
t\y N b Ghw thZ bantXyIactaXn
kzK temIw b Ghw thZ
bmsXmv lrZb amIppthm, AXv {]Pm]XnbmIpp.
CXp {_amIpp, CXv khpamIpp. Cu lrZbw
aqc tfmSpIqSnb \maamIpp. lr CXv Hc cw.
bmsXmcp C{]Imcw a\ nemppthm, Ah\p
thn kz P\fpw, ap P\ fpw _enkanpp.
Z CXv Hc cw. bmsXmcp C{]Imcw {Klnppthm
Ah\v kz P\ epw ap hcpw _en kanpp. bw
CXv aqmas AcamIpp. bmsXmcp C{]Imcw
{Klnppthm, Ah kz temIntep t]mIpp.
\memw {_mWw
7. D]x XZv ssh XtZXtZh XZmk kXytah k
tbm sslXw alZv bw {]YaPw thZkXyw
{_tXn Pb Xoamw tmImRv PnX Czm kmhZy
Gh ta X lZv bw {]Y aPw thZ kXyw
{_tXn kXy Hmw tlyh{_
bmsXmv kXyw XsbmIppthm, B lrZbamb
{_wXs kXyamIpp. Bcv Cu almb (]qPy)
bs\, {]Yaambn Dhnhs\ CXp kXy{_am
Ipp Fv a\ nemppt]m, Ah Cu temIsf
IogSpp. Ahs i{Xp Ah\[o\ ambnocpp.
Ah AkXv (A`mh`qXw) Bbn ]cnWanpp. bmsXm
cp Cu al mb bs\, (]qPv\ob) {]Ya ambn
D hnhs\ kXy{_s C{]Imcw a\ n empp
thm, Ah\v D]tcmfmb ^e e`yamIpp. Fp
sImsm {_w kXyw XsbmIpp.
Amw {_mWw
8. D]x B] GthZa{K BkqcXm B]x kXya
krP kXyw {_ {]Pm]Xnw {]Pm] Xn
tZhHmw kvtX tZhm kXytathm ]mktX XtZ
XXv {Xyc Hmwk Xy anXn k CtXyIa cw
XotXyIacw bantXyIacw {]Ytamta
Atc kXyw a[ytXm f \rXw XtZXZ\rX
ap` bXx ktXy\ ]cnKrloX Hmw kXy`qb
tah `hXn ss\hw hnZzm Hmw ka\rX Hmw
ln\kvXn.
Cu hyamb PKv BZyw Pew Xs Bbncpp.
B Pew kXys krnp. AXn\m kXyw {_am
Ipp. {_w {]Pm]Xntbbpw, {]Pm]Xn tZhItfbpw
krnp. B tZhKWw kXysXs D]mknpp.
Cu kXyw aqctfmSpIqSnbXmWv. "k' Hc cw,
"Xo' Hc cw, "bw' CXv Hc wcw Chbn {]Y ahpw An
ahpamb A c kXyhpw a[yn teXv A\rXhpam
Ipp. AXv, Cu A\rXw cp `mKp\npw kXy
m ]cn KrloX amIpp. AXn\m CXv kXy_lpew
Xs bmIpp. C{]Imcw Adnbphs\ A\rXw( Ak
Xyw)sImpn.
9. D] XZv bXv kXyaku k BZntXym b
Gj GXkvan ate ]pcptjm bmbw
ZntW f ]pcp jkvXmthXmht\ym\y
kv an {]Xn jv Tn Xu civ an `n tc tjm kv an
{]Xn jv Tn x {]mssW c b ap jv an k btZm
Xv { Ianjy `hXn ip ta ssh X ew
]iyXn ss\\ tatX civabx {]Xymbn
bmsXmp kXyambn cnppthm, AXv Cu BZnXy
\mIpp. bmsXmv Cu BZnXya en ]pcpj\m
bn cn ppthm, bmsXmv ZnWt\ {X n ]pcpj\m
bncn ppthm, Ah Cu cp ]cpjmcpw Hv a sm
n {]XnjvTnamIpp. BZnXy civanI hgnbmbn
Nmpj]pcpj\n {]Xn jvTnX\pw,Nmpj]pcpj
{]mWhgnbmbn AXn {]Xnjv TnX\pw BIpIbpw
sNpp. bmsXmcp kabw Ch (Nmpj]pcpj)
DXv{IaWw sNphm XpSppthm Atm Ah Cu
aes ipambn Xs honpp. ]noSv Cu
civanI Chs ASptev Xncnphcpn.
10. D] b Gj GX kv an ate ]pcp j
kv Xky `qcnXn inc GIHmw inc GIta XZ
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cw `ph CXn _mlq Zzu _mlq tZz GtX
Atc kzcnXn {]XnjvTm tZz {]XnjvtT tZz
GtX A tc Xtkym]\njZl cnXn ln
]m]vam\w PlmXn N b Ghw thZ
Cu aen bmsXmcp Cu ]pcpj\mbncn
ppthm, Ahs `q Cu icnmIpp; incv GIam
Ipp; Cu Achpw GIamIpp. `qh CXv `qPamIp
p, `qP cmIpp Cu Ac epw cmIpp.
kzx CXv {]XnjvT (Nc Ww)bmIpp. {]XnjvT (Nc Ww)
cmIpp, Cu Acfpw cmIpp. Alc CX
hs D]\njm (KqV\maw) Ipp. bmsXmcp C{]
Imcw a\ nemppthm, Ah ]m]s sImpIbpw,
AXns\ XyPn pIbpw sNpp.
11. D] tbm f bw ZntW f ]pcp j
kv Xky `qcnXn inc GIHmw inc GIta XZ
cw `ph CXn _mlq Zzu _mlq tZz GtX
Atc kzcnXn {]XnjvTm tZz {]XnjvtT tZz
GtX Atc Xtkym ] \n j Z l anXn ln
]m]vam\w PlmXn N b Ghw thZ.
bmsXmcp Cu Zn Wt\{Xns ]pcpj\mbn
ocppthm, Ahs `qx Cu inc mIpp, incv GI
amIpp Cu Achpw GIamIpp. `qhx CXv `pPam
Ipp. `pP cmIpp, Cu Ac epw cmIp
p. kz CXv {]XnjvTbmIpp, {]XnjvT (NcWw) cm
Ipp, Cu Ac fp cmIpp. Alw CXv Ahs
D]\njm(KqV\maw)Ipp; bmsXmcp C{]Imcw
a\ nemppthm, Ah ]m]s \innpp.
AXns\ Dt]npp.
Bdmw {_mWw
12. D] at\m atbm f bw ]pcptjm `mxkXy
kvXkvanlr Ztb bYm {holnhm bthm
hm k Gj khtkyim\x khkym[n]Xnx
kh anZw {]imkvXn bZnZw In
bmsXmcps kXyw (kzcq]w) {]Imcw Xs bmbm
Ippthm, Ans\bp Cu ]pcpj at\mab\mIp
p. Ah B AlrZbn [m\ytambhtam BIp
p, A{X henb AfthmSpIqSnb h\mIpp. Ah Fm
ntbpw A[n]Xnbpw, kzmanbpamIpp, AXpt]mse
Xs Fsmaptm Ahsbmn t\ bpw Dj
tmSpIqSn `cnpIbpw sNpp.
Ggmw {_mWw
13. D] hnZypZv {_t Xym lphnZm \mZv hnZypZv
hnZytXy\w ]m]vat\m b Ghw thZ hnZypZv
{_tXn hnZypZv t`y h {_
hnZypXv {_amIpp Fv ]db s Spp. hnZm\w (J
\tam hn\mitam) \SpXp ImcWw hnZypmbn
cn pp. bmsXmcph hnZypv {_amIpp Fv a\
nemppthm, Ah Cu Bmhns {]XnIqe`qX
amb ]m]sf \innpp, FpsImsm hnZyp
pXs {_amIpp.
Fmw {_mWw
14. D] hmNw t[\p ap jm koX Xky Xzmcx
kvX\mx kzmlmImtcm hjSvImtcm lImcx
kz[mImckvXssky Zzu kvX\u tZhm D]Po
hn kzmlmImcw N hjSvImcw N lImcw
a\p jymx kz[m Imcw ]nX c kv Xkym {]mW
Ejt`m at\m hx
hmIv cq]amb t[\phns\ D]mkn s. AXn\v kzmlm
Imcw hjSvImcw lImcw, kzm[mImcw Fns\ \mep
kvX\fpv. AXns cp kv X\fmb kzmlmImc
ntbpw hjSvImcntbpw D]PohnI tZhKW
fmIpp. lImcns D]Pohn a\pjycpw, kzm[mIm
c ns ]nXr fpamIpp. B t[\phns {]mW hrj
`hpw, a\v hhpw BIpp.
H]Xmw {_mWw
15. D] Ab a nssh izm \tcm tbm f bax
]pcptj tbt\Zaw ]NytX bZnZaZytX X
sskyj tLmtjm `hXn bta XXv IWmh
hn[mb irtWmXn k btZmXv{Ianjy `hXn
ss\\w tLmj Hmw irtWmXn.
bmsXmv Cu ]pcpjs Dn nXsNppthm
AXv sshizm\cmnbmIpp. Xaqew Ch Aw `n
pIbpw, ]mIs SppIbpw sNpp. Cu Dd i_vZw
AXntXmIpp. AXns\ ]pcpj sNhnb Sp {ihnp
p. ]pcpj DXv{IaWw sNp kabv Cu tLmjw
{ihn s Sp n.
]mw {_mWw
16. D] bZm ssh ]pcptjm f kvamtmImXv t{]
Xn k hmbpamKOXn Xkvssa k X{X hnPn
lotX XYm cYN{Iky Jw tX\ k Du[z
B{IatX k BZn Xy am \ OXn Xkv ssa k
X{X hnPnlotX bYm eav_cky J tX\ k
Du[z B{IatX k N{akamKOXn Xkvssa
kX{X hnPnlotX bYm Zppt`x Jw tX\ k
Du[z B{I atX k temI am KOXytimIa
lnaw Xkvan hkXn imizXo; kamx.
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344
Cu ]pcpj Cu temIn\npw acn pt]mIp
kabw AXv hmbphns\ {]m]n pp. AhnsS B hmbp
Ah\pthn On{ZbpIv ambnocpp hgnamdnsmSpp
p. AXv Fs\sb m cY N{IfpsS Zzmcw t]mse
XsbmIpp. AXphgnbmbn Ah apIfntebvpb
cpp. Ah kqcytemI n Fpp. AhnsS
kqcy Ah\mbn apt]msebp On{Zcp]amb amw
\Ipp. AXv ew_cw F hmZyns Zzmcwt]mse
bp XmIpp. AXnqSn Ah Du[z`mKt bvp
b cpp. Ah N{ temInsepp. AhnsS N{\pw
Ah\pthn On{Zbpamb amw \Ipp. AXv
GXmv Zpp`nbpsS Zzmcwt]mep XmIpp. AXphgn
bmbn Ah apIfntebvp Ibdpp. Ah timIc
lnX \mb imcocnI ZpxJclnXamb temIn Fp
Ibpw AhnsS \nXyambn B\ hj hsc, AXm
bXv At\Iw {_ I hsc hknpp.
]Xn s\mmw {_mWw
17. D]x GXZv ssh ]caw Xt]m b{Z hymlnXkvX
]ytX ]ca Hmw sslh temIw PbXn b Ghw
thssZXZv ssh ]caw Xt]m bw t{]XacWy
Hmw lcn ]caHmwsslh temIw PbXn b
Ghw thssZ XZv ssh ]caw Xt]m bw
t{]Xamh`ymZaXn ]ca Hmw sslh temIw
PbXn b Ghw thZ.
hym[n {KkvX \mb ]pcpj\v bmsXmcp Xm]w DmIp
pthm, AXv \n bambpw ]c aamb X]amIpp; Bcv
C{]Imcw a\ nemppthm, Ah ]c atemIs Iog
Spp. arX]pcpjs\ Bcv h\ntebvp sImpt]m
Ippthm, AXv \nbambpw ]caX]amIpp. bmsXm
cp C{]Imcw Adnbppthm, Ah ]ctemIs
Xs Pbnpp. acn a\pjys\ GsXmw {]Ic n
Hcp An bn hbvppthm, AXv \n bambpw
]caX]amIpp. C{]Imcw {Klnphs ]catem
Is Xs hnPbnpp.
]{mw {_mWw
18. D]x Aw {_ tXyI Alp kv X XYm
]qbXn hm AartX {]mWmXv {]mtWm {_
tXyI Blp kv X XYm ipjyXn ssh
{]mW EtX f mtZtX l tXzh tZhtX GI
[m`qbw `qXzm ]caXmw KOXkvX kvaml
{]mXrZx ]n Xcw In Hmw kzntZsshhw hnZptj
km[p Ipbm Itahmkvam Akm[p Ipbm
anXn k l kvaml ]mWn\m am {]mXrZ IkvtXz
\ tbm tc I [m `qbw `qXm ]c aXmw KO XoXn
Xkvam D sslXZphmN hoXyw ssh hyt
loam\n khmWn `qXm \n hnm\n canXn
{]mtWm ssh cw {]mtW loam\n khmWn
`qXm\n cat khmWn l hm Akv an
`qXm\n hnin khmWn `qXm \n cat b
Ghw thZ
Aw {_amsWv Nne ]dbpp, Fm AXp
icnb; FpsImsm {]mW\nsn Aw Agp
In tmIpp. {]mW {_amIpp Fv Nne ]dbp
p, Fm AXpw icnb, FpsImsm A
ansn {]mW ipjvInpt]mIpp. Fm Cu cp
tZhIfpw GIcq]s {]m]nv ]c a`mhnsepp.
C{]Imcw \n bnp sImv {]mXrZa ljn Xs ]nXm
hnt\mSv ]dp C{]Imcw {Klnncnphv Rm
ip`w sNWtam, AYhm Aip`w sNWtam? (Fp
sImsm, IrXIrXy\mbXp ImcWw Bpw Ah
ip`hpw Aip`hpw sNphm km[npn ) ]nXmhp
]dp: {]mXrZ! Ans\ ]db cpXv. Cu cntcbpw
GI]cq]s {]m]nnv BcmWv ]caXzs {]m]npXv?
AXn\m Aht\mSv Atlw (]nXmhv ) hn Fp ]dp.
hn Xs A amIpp. hncq]amb A nXs Cu
Fm `qXfpw {]hnamIpp. cw CXv {]mW\mIpp,
FpsImsm cw AXmbXv {]mW\n Xs Cu
Fm `qXfpw can pp. Bcv C{]Imcw a\nemp
pthm Ah\n Cu Fm `qXepw {]hn amIpIbpw,
Fm `qX fpw Ah\n canpIbpw sNpp.
]Xnaqmw {_mWw
19. D] DIvvYw {]mtWm hm DIvvYw {]mtWm loZ
Hmw kh ap m ] b Xyp m kv am Zp Iv Y hn Zv
hockv XnjpXyp IvYky kmbqPy Hmw ktem
IXmw PbXn b Ghw thZP
DIvYw C{]Imcw {]mWs\ D]mkn s. {]mW Xs
DIvYamIpp. FpsImsm {]mW Xs Cu
Fmnt\bpw Dm\w sNnpp. Cu D]mkI
\n\npw DIvY thmhmb ]p{X P\npp. bmsXm
cp C{] Imcw D]m k\ \Spp thm, Ah
{]mWs kmbqPyhpw kmtemIyhpw {]m]npp.
20. D] bPqx {]mtWm ssh bPqx {]tWm loam
\n khmWn `qXm\n bpPyt bpPyt lm
kvssa khmWn `qXm\n ss{ijvTymb bPpjx
kmbqPy Hmw ktemIXmw PbXn b Ghw thZ.
bPq C{]Imcw {]mWs\ D]mkn s. {]mW Xs
bPqkmIpp, FpsImsm {]mW\n Xs Cu
Fm `qXfpw ktfnpp. Fm `qX epw CXn
t{ijvT Xzm CXpambn kwbpamIpp. C{]Imcw
D]mk\ \Sp h bPqkns kmbqPyhpw kmtem
Izhpw {]m]n pp.
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21. D] kma {]mtWm ssh kma {]mtW loam
\n khmWn `q Xm\n kayn kayn
lmkv ssa khmWn `qXm\n ss{ijv Tymb
Iev]t kmav\x kmbqPy Hmw ktemIw
PbXn b Ghw thZ.
kmaw C{]Imcw {]mWs\ D]mkn s. {]mW Xs
kma amIpp; FpsImsm {]mW\n Xs Cu
Fm `qXfpw kpkwKXambncnpp. Fm `qXepw
AXn\pthn kpkw KXamIpp. Fm `qXfpw AXn
\pthn kpkwKXamIpIbpw AXns t{ijvT Xbv p
thn ka fm Ip Ibpw sNp p. C{] Imcw
kmas D]mknph AXns kmbqPytbpw,
kmtemIytbpw {]m]n pp.
22. D] {Xw {]mtWm ssh {Xw {]mtWm ln
ssh { Xw { XmbtX ssl\w { ]mWx
IWntXmx {] {a{Xam]vt\mXn Xv{Xky
kmbqPy Hmw ktemIXmw PbXn b Ghw thZ
{]mW {Xnb amIpp. C{]Imcw {]mWs\ D]mkn
q. {]mW {XamIpp. {]mWXs {XamIpp
FXv {]kn am Ip p. {]mW Cu tZh ns\
ikv {XmZn P\nX fmb X fn\npw cn pp.
A{Xamcn\npw {XmW\w e`nm {Xw ({]m
W)s {]m]n pp. Bcv C{]Imcw D]mk\ \S p
pthm, Ah {Xns kmbqPyhpw kmtemIyhpw
{]m]npp.
]Xnmemw {_mWw
23. D] `qancanw `ucn XymhcmWzm
c Hmwl h GIw Kmbss{Xy ]Z ta XZp
sslhm ky GXXv k bmh tZjp { Xn jp
temtIjp Xm h PbXn tbm f kym GX
tZhw ]Zw thZ
`qan, Acow, tZymhv Ch FcfmWv. F
c tfmSpIqSn bXp Xs bmWv Kmb{XnbpsS Hcp ({]
Ya) ]mZw. CXpXs (`qan apX emb h) Cu Kmb{XnbpsS
{]Y a]mZamIpp. C{]Imcw CXns Cu ]Zs Bc dn
bppthm, Ah Cu {XntemI fn Fsmw Dtm
Ahsb Fmw Iog S pp.
24. D] EtNm bPqwjn kmam \o Xy m h cm
WycHmw l hm GIw Kmbss{Xy ]ZtaX
Zp sslhmkym GXXv k bmh Xobw
{XbohnZym Xmh PbXn tbm f kym GX
tZhw ]Zw thZ.
ENm, bPqwjn, kmam\n Ch F c fmIpp. F
c temIqSn bnXmWv Kmb{Xn bpsS Hcp (ZznXob) ]mZw.
CXp (EmZn) Xs Cu Kmb{XnbpsS ZznXob ]mZamIp
p. Bcv C{]Imcw CXns Cu ]mZs Adnbppthm,
Ah {XbohnZy Fpam{Xw Dtm (AXmbXv {Xbohn
Zyv Fpam{Xw ^eaptm) Ahsb Fmw PbnsSp
pp.
25. D] {]mtWm f ]mt\m hym\ CXymhcm
ymcHmw l hm GIw Kmbss{Xy ]Zta
XZp sslhmky GXXv k bmh Zn Zw
{]mWnXmh PbXn tbm f kym GX tZhw
]Zw thZmYmky GX tZh Xpcobw Zi\w ]Zw
]tcmcPmb Gj X]Xn bZv ssh NXpY XXv
Xpcobw Zi\w ]Z anXn ZZri Ch tlyj
]tcmcPm CXn khap tlysshj cP D]
cyp]cn X]tXyh Hmwsslh {iobm bikm
X]Xn tbm f ky GXtZhw ]Zw thZ.
{]mW, A]m\, hym\ Ch F c fmIpp
F c tfmIpSqInS bmWv Kmb{XnbpsS Hcp (Xr Xob)
]mZw. Kmb{XnbpsS XrXob ]mZw Cu {]mWmZn IXs
bmIpp. Bcv Kmb {Xn bpsS Cu ]mZs C{]Imcw a\
nemppthm Ah Fm PohPme sfbpw IogSn
`cn pp. AXpt]mse bmsXmv X]np ({]Imin
p)sImncnppthm, AXpXs Chs Xpcobhp,
ZiXhpw ]tcmc P]Zhpw BIpp. GXv NXpYamIpp
thm, AXns\ Xs Xpcob sap hnfns Spp. ZiXw
]Zw CXns Aw (Cu BZnXya e]pcpj)
ImWsSp Xpt]mse (]tcmcPm CXns Aw) Cu
Fm cPp (AXmbXv Fm temI eptSbpw) apIfn
hknpsImv {]IminXamIpp. bmsXmcp Kmb{Xn
bpsS \memw]Zs Adnbpph\mbncn ppthm, A
h C{]ImcwXs tim`bmepw Ion bmepw {]Imin
X\mbn `hnpp.
26. D] sskjm Kmbt{XyXkvan Hmw kvXpcntb
ZitX ]tZ ]tcm c Pkn {]Xn jv TnXm XZv
sshXXv ktXy {]XnjvTnXw Npssh kXyw
Nln ssh kXyw Xkv amZv bZn Zm\ow
Zzuhnh Z am \m th bm Xma l a Zi a l a izu j
anXnb Ghw {_qbmZlhZianXn Xkvam Gh
{ i [yma XZv ssh XXv kXyw _te
{]XnjvTnXw {]mtWm ssh _ew XXv {]mtW
{]XnjvTnXw Xkvam Zm lp_eHmw kXym t`m
Kob CtXyhw thjm Kmb {Xy[ymw {]Xn
jv TnXm kmssljm Kbm Hmwkv Xt{X {]mWm
ssh Kbmkv XXv {]mWm Hmwkv Xt{X XZv bZv
Kbm Hmw kv Xt{XXkv amZv Kmb{Xo \ma k
bmtahmapHmw kmhn{Xa\zmssl sshj km
k bkvam A\zm l Xky {XmWm Hmw kv{Xmb
tX.
Cu Kmb{Xn Cu NXpYZiX]tcmcPm ]Zn
{]Xn jvTn amIpp Cu ]Zw kXyn {]Xn jvTnamIpp.
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346
Npv Xs kXyamIpp. NppXs kXyam
Ipp Fp {]knamIpp. AXn\m cp ]pcpjm
Rm Ip Rm tIp Fn{]Imcw hnhmZw \SpI
bmsWn, Ahcn Bcw Rm Incnpp Fp
]dbpIbmsWn Ahs\Xs \app hnizknmw.
B Xpcob ]mZns B{ib`qXw kXy_en {]Xn
jvTnXamIpp. {]mW Xs _eamIpp; B kXyw
{]mW\n {]Xnjv TnamIpp. AXn\m kXys At]
nv _ew HmPkznbmsWp ]dbpp. C{]Imcw Cu
Kmb{Xn Aym{]mW\n {]Xn jv TnamIpp. Cu
Kmb{Xn hmKmZn {]mWs\ {XmWs\ sNbvXncpp; AXn
\m CXns\ Kmb{Xn F t]cpmbn. BNmcy Fp
hjs hSp ({_Nmcn) hn\pthnbp D]\ b\k
a bv GsXmcp kmhn{Xn bpsS D]tZiw \Inbncpp
thm, AXv ChXsbmbncpp, GsXmw {_Nmcn
Iv CXns D]tZiw \Ippthm, CXv AhcpsS
sbmw {]mWs\ cn pp.
27. D] Xm HmwsslXmtatI kmhn{Xoa\pp`a
\zmlphmK\ppt_XZv hmNa\p{_qa CXn
\ XYm IpbmZv Kmb { Xo tah kmhn {Xo a
\p{_qbmZv bZn l hm At]yhm hnZv hlznh
{]XnKrlvWmXn \ sslh XZv Kmb{Xym GIw
N\ ]Zw {]Xn.
Nne imJ ItfmSpIqbn Cu A\pjvSpv OtkmSp
IqSnb kmhn{Xnsb D]tZinpp. (Kmb{Xo O knep
kmhn{Xnsb D]tZinmsX A\pp]vO knep kmhn
{Xnsb D]tZinpp.) hmv A\pjvSpmIpp. AXn
\m R hmns\ Xs D]tZinpp Fv Ah
]dbpp. Fm Ans\ sNphm ]mSn. Kmb{Xo
Onep kmhn{Xnsb D]tZins C{]Imcw Adn
bph A[nIw {]Xn{KlnbmIpsan Ah Kmb
{XnbpsS Hcp ]mZn\p Xpeyt]mepamIphm km[np
n.
28. D] k b CamHmw kv{XwtmIm ]qWm
{]XnKrlvWobmXv tkm f kym GXXv {]Yaw
]Z am]v\pbmY bmhXobw {XbohnZym bkv Xm
hXv {]Xn Kr lv Wo bmXv tkm f kym GXZv
ZznXobw ]Z am ]v \p bm ZY bmh ZoZw {]mWn
bkv XmhXv {]XnKrlvWobmXv tkm f kym GX
Xobw ]Z am ]v \p bm Z Ymkym GX tZh
Xpcobw ZiXw ]Zw ]tcmcPm b Gj X]Xn
ss\h tI\N\m]yw IrX D GXmhXv {]Xn
KrlvWobmXv .
Bcv Cu aqp ]qtemItebpw {]Xn {Klnp
pthm Ahs AXv ({]Xn {Klw) Cu Kmb {XnbpsS Cu
{]Ya ]Zs hym]vXampIbpw F{Xam{Xw CXp {Xbo
hnZybmbncnppthm AXns\ Bcv {]Xn{Klnppthm
AXv ({]Xn {Klw) CXns Cu ZznXob ]mZs hym]vXam
p Ibpw F{X am{Xw Pohn I fp m bn cn p pthm
Ahsb bmsXmcp {]Xn{Klnppthm AXv CXns
Cu aqmas ]mZs hym]v X ampIbpw, CXpXs
CXns Xpcob ZiXhpw ]tcmcP]ZhpamIpp. AXv X]n
pp. AXv Hn\mepw {]m]yamIpn . FpsIms
m C{]bpw {]Xn{KlWw Bv FhnsS\npw kzoI
cnphm Ignbpw?
29. D]Xkym D]m\w Kmb {Xym tkyI]ZoZzn
]Zo {Xn ]Zo NXp jv ] Zy ] Zkn \ ln ]Zytk
\akvtX Xpcobmb ZiXmb {]Zmb ]tcmc
Ptk f kmhtZm am {]m]ZnXn bw ZznjymZkm
hkv a Imtam am kar oXn hm \ sslhm
kvssa k Imax kar[ytX bkv am Ghap]Xn
jvTtX f laZx {]]anXn hm.
B Kmb{XnbpsS D]m\w tl Kmb{Xo! \o (ss{X
temIycq]amb {]Ya ]mZm) GI]Znbpw (aqp thZ
cq]amb ZznXob ]mZn) Zzn]mZbpw ({]mW, A]m
\, hym\ Cu aqp ]mX fm) {Xn]Znbpw (XrXob
]mZm NXpjv]Znbpw (C hbvsmw hncp ambn \ncp
]m[nI kzcq]m \o) A]Zbpw BIpp; FpsIm
sm \o AdnbsSpn. AXn\m hyhlmc
ns Ahnjb`qXhpw AXpt]mse kakvX temI
fn\npw D]cnbmbn hncmPnp \ns Zi\oba amb
Xpcob ]Zs \akv cnpp. Cu ]m]cq]n bmb i{Xp
(hnLv\mNcWcq]amb) Cu Imcyn k^eX {]m]n
mXncn s. C{]Imcw Ch (hnZzm) bmsXms\ hntZz
jnppthm Ahs B{Kl ]q amImXncns
C{]Imcw ]dpsImv D]m\w sNs. Bp
thn C{]Imcw D]m\w sNs Sppthm Ahs
A`nemj ]q amIpn. Asn Rm\o hkvXp
hns\ {]m]npw F B{KltmSpIqSn D]m\w
sN s.
30. D]x GX ssh X\tIm sshtZtlm _pn
eamizXmcmiznaphmN bp tlm XZv Kmb{Xo
hnZ{aqYm IYHmwlkvXo`qtXm hlkoXn apJ
Hmw lykymx k{am]v\ hnZmwNImtcXn tlm
hmN Xkymx Antch apJw bZn l hm A]n
_lz n hm m h `ym Z [Xn k tah XXv
kwZltXy hHmw sslssh hw hn Zv bZy]n
_lz n h]m]w Ip cp tX k tah XXv
kw]v kmb ip f ]qtXm f Ptcm f arXx
kw`hXn.
hntZl P\ I _pUneAizXcmizntbmSp tNmZnp. \o
kzbw Kmb{XoXXzthmshp ]dncpp. ]ns( {]
Xn{KltZmjm) B\bmbnv `mcwhenpsX p
sImv? AXn\v Ah adp]Sn ]dp. tl k{amt! Rm
AXns apJw Adnncpn. Atm P\ I ]dp:
CXns apJw AnbmIpp. BfpI Anbn IW
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347
nmsX C\w CSpIbmsWnepw AXv Ahsbmw
`kvaampp. CXpt]mse Cu Imcyw Adnbp h hf
scb [nIw ]m]w sNpIbmsWnepw, AXv Ahsb
sbmw `Wamn ip hpw, ]hn{Xhpw, APc hpw, Aa
chpw Bbn ocpp.
]Xn\mw {_mWw
31. D]x lnctb\ ]mt{XW kXykym]nlnXw
apJw, XXzw ]qj ]m hrWp kXy [mb
Zr tb, ]qjtItj ba kqcy {]mPm]Xy
hyql civ an, kaq l tXtPm bt cq]w
IeymWXaw Xt ]iyman, tbm f kmhku
]pcpjx tkm f lakvan, hmbpc \n eaarXa
tYZw `kvam Hmwico cw, Hmw {ItXm kvac
IrXHmw kvac IrtXm kvac IrX Hmw kvac,
At \b kp]Ym cmtb A kvam hnizm\n
tZh hbp\m\n hnZzm bptbm [ykva qlp
cmWtat\m `qanmw tX \aDnw hnt[a.
kXykwPv RIamb {_ ns apJw tPymXn b
amb ]m{Xm BOmZnXamIpp. tl temIcI\mb
kqcytZhm! \o AXns\, Rm\mIp kXy[n\p
thn AXns\ Zin phm ]ngpXpamq. tl ]qj!
tl Gtjm! tl bam tl kqcym! tl {]Pm]Xn! A
bpsS Inc Wsf ampIbpw, tXPns\ HXppIbpw
sNWta, A bpsS bmsXmcp cq]w AXyw IeymW
a b am bn cn p pthm AXns\ Rm Zin pp.
GsXmcp BZnXyae ]pcpj\mbncnppthm,
Rm\mIp AhXs AarXkzcq]\mIpp. Rm\m
Ip AarXhpw AXpt]mse kXykzcq]hpamb Bm
hns icoc ]mXw DmIpXn \pta Cu icoc ns
Dnep {]mWhmbp Cu _mlyhmbphns\ {]m]n
tW. AXpt]mse Cu icocw `kvamhtijambn `qansb
{]m]ntW. tl {]mWcq]\pw at\mab{IXpcq]\pw Bb
AntZhm! bmsXmp kvacWm tbmKyamIppthm
AXns\ kvacntW. Rm Fp sNbvXpthm AXns\
kv acn tW. sNbvXn phsb kvacntW. tl Ao!
I^ e{]m]v Xnmbn \o Rsf ip`am nqSn
AXmbXv tZhbm\am nqSn sImpt]mIq. tl
tZhm Fm PohnIfpsSbpw Fm m\ tbpw Adn
bph \m Ip p. RfpsS IpSne ]m ]sf R
fn\npw AInfbq. R Asb At\Iw
{]mhiyw \akv Icnpp.
Bdmaymbw
Hmw {_mWw
1. D] Hmw tbm l ssh tPyjvTw N t{ijvTw N
thZ tPyjv T t{ijv T kz m\mw `hXn
{]mtWm ssh t{ijvT tPyjvT t{ijvT
tPyjvT kzm\mw `hy]n N tbjmw _p`q
jXnb Ghw thZ.
bmsXmcp tPyjvTt\bpw t{ijvTt\bpw Adn bp
h\m bn cn p pthm, Ah kzPmXn P\ fn
tPyjvT\pw t{ijvT\pw BIpp. {]mWXs tPyjv T
hpw, t{ijvThpamIpp. Bcv C{]Imcw D]mk\ \Sp
pthm, Ah Xs PmXnIfnepw, ap P\fnepw
tPyjvT\pw t{ijv T\pambnocpp.
2. D] tbm l ssh hknjvTmw thZ hknjvTx
kzm\mw `hXn hmKv ssh hknjvTm hknjvTx
kzm\mw `hXy]n N tbjmw _p`qjXn b Ghw
thZ
bmsXmcp hknjvTmsb (hmWn) Adn bppthm
Ah kzP\fn hknjv T\mbnocpp. hmWn Xs
hknjvTbmIpp. Bcv C{]Imcw D]mknppthm,
Ah kzP \ fnepw CXv B{Klnpsn aph
cnepw hkn jv T\mbno cpp.
3. D] tbm l ssh {]Xnjv Tmw thZ {]XnXn
jv TXnkta {]XnXn jv TXn ZptK Npssh
{]XnjvTm Npjm ln kta N ZptK N {]Xn
Xnjv TXn {]Xn Xn j v TXn kta {]Xn Xn jv TXn
ZptK b Ghw thZ
bmsXmcp {]XnjvTsb Adnbppthm, Ah
kam\ tZiIme fnepw Zp atZifnepw {]Xn jvTn X
\mbn ocpp. {]Xnjv T Npp Xs bmIpp. Np
mXs kam\hpw Zp ahpamb tZiIme fn {]Xn
jv TbpmIpp. Bcv C{]Imcw D]mk\ \S ppthm,
Ah kam\fnepw Zp afnepw {]XnjvTnX\mbn
`hn pp.
4. D] tbm l ssh kw]Zw thZ k Hmw
lmkvssa ]ZytX bw Imaw ImabtX t{im{Xw
ssh kw]tmt{X lota kth thZm A`n
kw]mx k Hmw lmkvssa ]ZytX bw Imaw
ImabtX b Ghw thZ
bmsXmcp kns\ Adnbppthm, Ah
GXp t`mKs Cs Sppthm, AXpXs Ahs\ kay
mb hn[w {]m]npp. kv t{im{Xw XsbmIpp.
t{im{X fnqSnXs Cu Fm thZepw Fm {]Im
c nepw \njv ]amIpp. Bcv C{]Imcw D]mknpp
thm, Ah GXp t`mKs Cn ppthm, AXv kzbw
Ahs\ kaymb hn[w {]m]n pp.
5. D] tbm l hm BbX\w thZmbX\w kzm
\mw `hXymb X\w P\m\mw at\m hm Bb
X\ amb X\ Hmw kz m\mw `h Xym b X\w
P\m\mw b Ghw thZ.
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348
bmsXmcp Bb X\s Adnbppthm, Ah
kzP\ fpsS Bb X\ ambnocpp; AXpt]mse ap
hcptSbpw, a\ kpXs Bb X\amIpp. Bcv C{]Imcw
D]mknppthm; Ah kzP\fptSbpw ap hcp
tSbpw Bb X\ ambn `hnpp.
6. D]x tbm l ssl {]PmXnw thZ {]PmbtX l
{]Pbm ]ip`n tctXm ssh {]PmXnx {]PmbtX
l {]Pbm ]ip`ncy Ghw thZ
bmsXmcp {]Pm]Xnsb Adnbppthm, Ah
{]P Ifmepw, arKfmepw A`nhrn{]m]npp. tcXv
Xs {]Pm]Xn bmIpp. Bcv C{]Imcw Adnbppthm
Ah {]P Ifmepw arKfmepw {]PmX (A`nhrn)\m
Ipp.
7. D]x tX tlta {]mWm Al Hmw t{ibtk
hnhZam\m {_ Pp tmNpx tIm t\m
hknjvT CXn XtmhmN bkvan h DXv{Im
CZ Hmw i cocw ]m]n tbm a\ytX k thm
hknjvT CXn.
Ah Cu {]mW Rm t{ijvT, Rm t{ijv T
Fp hmZnpsImv {_mhns ASp sNp At
l tmSp ]dp: R fn BcmWv hkn jv T
{_mhp ]dp: \nfn\npw BcpsS DXv{IaWw
(icoc n\np th]mSv) IgnbpXn\pta Cu
icocw kzbw A[nIw ]m]nbmbn IWmppthm,
AhX sbmWv \n fn hkn jv T.
8. D]x hmKvt[m{Ima km kwhcw t{]mjym
KtXymhmN IYa iIX aZrtX PoXpanXn tX
tlmNpcyYmIem AhZtm hmNm {]mWmx
{ ]mtW\ ]iy p jm irWz x
t{imt{XW hnZzmtkm a\km {]Pmbam\m tcX
sskha PohnjvtaXn {]hnthi l hmIv
BZyw hmIv DXv{IaWw sNbvXp. AXv Hcp hjwhsc
shfnbn hkn nv Xncnphp ]dp: Fs IqSmsX
\nv Fs\ Pohnncnphm Ignp? CXptIv
Ah ]dp: F{]Imcw aqI \mb ]pcpj hmWnbm
kwkmcnmsX {]mW\m {]mW{Inb \Snbpw t\{X
fm Zinpw Ifm tIpw a\psImdnp
tcXkm krn\ Snbpw Pohnppthm AXpt]mse
Rfpw Pohnp. Cu adp]SntIv hmv icoc n\pn
{]thin p.
9. D]x Nptlm{Ia XXv kwhcw t{]m
jymKtXymhmN IYaiIX aZrtX PohnXpanXn
tX tlmN cy Ymm A] iy pjm
{]mWx {]mtW\ hZtm hmNm irWzx
t{imt{XW hnZzmHmwtkm a\km {]Pmbam\m
tcX sskhaPoJnjvtaXn {]hnthi l Npx
Npv DXv{IaWw sNbvXp. AXv Hcp hjw ]pdp
IgnpIqSnb tijw Xncnphp tNmZnp. \nv
Fs IqSmsX Fns\ Pohnphm Ignp? Ah
]d p F{] Imcw Aa m Ip IsImv
ImWmsX {]mW\m {]mW{Inb \Snbpw hmWnbm
kwkmcnpw t{im{Xem {ihnpw a\psImv
{Klnpw tcX kpsImv Dev]mZ\w \S nbpw Pohnp
pthm AtX{]Imcw Xs Rfpw Pohn ncpp. CXp
tI Npv Dn {]thin p.
10. D] t{im {XHmw tlm {Ima XXv kwh cw
t{]mjymKtbm hmN IYaiIX aZrtX PohnXp
anXn tX tlmNp cyYm _[ncm Air Wzx
t{imt{XW {]mWx {]mtW\ hZtm hmNm
]iypjm hnhmHmwtkm a\km {]Pmb
am\m tcX sskhaPo hnjvtaXn {]hnthi l
t{i{Xw.
t{im{Xw DXv {IaWw sNbvXp. AXv Hcp hjwshfn
bn Ign tijw Xncn php tNmZnp Fs qSmsX
\ns s\ Pohnncnphm Ignp? Ah ]d
p F{]Imcw _[n c sNhnIsImv {ihnmsX
{]mW\m {]mW{Inb \Snbpw hmWnbm kwkmcnp
t\{Xem Zinpw a\ psIm {Klnpw tcXp
sImv {]tPmev]Z\w \Snbpw Pohnn cnppthm
AtX{]Imcw Xs Rfpw Pohnncn pp. CXptIp
t{im{Xw Dn {]thinp.
11. D] at\m tlm{Ima XXv kwhcw t{]m
jymKtXymhmN IYaiIX aZrtX PohnXpanXn
tX tlmNpcyYm apKv[m AhnZzmHmwtkm a\km
{]mWx {]mtW\ hZtm hmNm ]iy
pjm irWzx t{imt{XW {]Pmbam\m tcX
sskhaPohnjvt]Xn {]hnthi l a\x
a\v DXv{IaWw sNbvXp. AXv Hcp kwhcw shfn
bn IgnpIqnb tijw aSnhp tNmZnp: Fs
qSmsX \nss\ Pohn n cn phm km[np?
Ah ]dp F{]Imcw apKv[\mb a\pjy a\p
sImv bmsXmpw {KlnmsX {]mW\m {]mW{Inb
\S n bpw, hmWn bm kwkm cnpw t\{X fm
Zinpw I fm {ihnp tcXm {]tPmev ]n
\Snbpw Pohnppthm AXpt]mseXs Rfpw
Pohn ncpp. CXptIp a\v icoc n {]thin p.
12. D] tctXm tlm{Ima XXv kwhcw t{]m
jymKtXymhmN IYaiIX aZrtX PohnXpanXn
tX tlmNycyYm o_m A{]Pmbam\mtcXkm
{]mWx {]mtW\x hZtm hmNm ]iy
pjm irWzx t{imt{XW hnZzmHmw tkm
a\sskhPohnjvtaXn {]hn thi ltcXx.
I K
N P
349
tcXv DXv{IaWw sNbv Xp. AXv Hcp kwhcw shfn
bn IhnpIqnb tijw Xncnphp tNmZnp \nv
FsqSmsX Fns\ Pohnncnphm km[np
Ah ]dp: F{]Imcw \]pwkI tcXkm {]tPm
ev ]n \SmsX {]mW\m {]mW\w sNbvXp hmWn
bm kwkmcnpw t\{X fm Zinpw t{im{X fm
{ihnpw a\psImv {Klnpw Pohnppthm, AXp
t]mse Xs Rfpw Pohnncpp. CXp {ihn hocyw
icoc n \pn {]thinp.
13. D]x AY l {]mW DXv{Ianjy bXm alm
kplbx sskhx ]Uzo i i q kwhr
tltZhw ssltham {]mWm kwhhl tX
tlmNpam `Kh DXv{Iao\ ssh iyakvXz
ZrtX PohnXpanXn Xtkym ta _enw IcptXXn
XtY Xn.
]noSv {]mW DXv {IaWw sNm Bcw`n p.
Fns\ knptZis alm\mb Aizw ImepsIm
\p Ipn ]ngpXpamptm AXpt]mse AXv Fm
{]mWt\bpw m\{` \mm XpSn. Ah ]dp:
`Kh, Av DXv {IaWw sNmXncnWsa. Asb
qSmsX Rp Pohnncnphm km[ya. {]mW
]dp: sImmw Fn F\np _enkan phn.
ap C{n b ]dp: hfsc ktmjw.
14. D]x km l hmKphmN bZv hm Alw hknjvTm
kvan Xzw XZzknjvtTm f koXn bZv hm Alw
{]Xn jv Tmkv an Xzw XXv {] Xnjv tTm f koXn
NpcyZv hm Al Hmw kw]Zkvan Xzw XXv
kw]ZkoXn t{im{Xw bZv hm Al am b X \
akvanXzw XZmbX\akoXn at\m bZv hm Alw
{ ]Pm Xn ckv an Xz w XXv { ] Pm Xn c koXn
tcXkvXtkym ta Inaw Inw hmk Xn bZnZw
In m iz `y B Iran `y B IoS ] X Mv tK
`ykvXt f amt]m hmk CXn \ l hm
Akym\w PKv [w `hXn \m\w {]Xn Kr
loXw b FhtaXZ\ kymWw thZ XZznZzmw kx
t{im{Xnbm Ainjy BNm a y inXzm Nma
tbX tah XZ\a\w Iphtm a\yt.
B hmKn{nb ]dp. Rm bmsXmcp hknjv T
KpWtmSpIqSnb h\mIppthm B KpWm \n
bpcmIpw. F\np bmsXmcp {]Xnjv TXbptm AXv
\npw DmIpw. C{]Imcw t\{Xw ]dp. F\nv
bmsXmcp kptm B km bp cmIpw C{]
Imcw t{im{Xw ]dp. F\nv bmsXmcp Bb X\ aptm
AXpt]mse \npw BbX\apmIpw. C{]Imcw
a\p ]dp. Rm bmsXmcp {]Pm]XnbmIppthm,
\nfpw B {]Pm]Xnbm bpcmIpw. C{]Imcw
tcXp ]dp. {]mW ]dp. Fm Cu KpW
fp Fs Ahpw hkv{Xhpw FmWv ? hmKmZnI
]dp. ]nI, IranI, IoS]XwK XpSn Fs
maptm, Ahsbmw \ns Ahpw, Pehpw, hkv {X
hpamIpp. bmsXmcp C{]Imcw {]mWs As
Adnbppthm Ah\v CXphgn A`y`Ww DIm
Xn cnpIbpw A`ys {]Xn{Klw DmImXncnp
Ibpw sNpp. C{]Imcw Adnbp t{im{Xob t`mP\w
IgnpXn\p AXn\ptijhpw BNa\w \Spp.
CXns\ Ah {]mWs\ A\ \mp Xmbn IcpXpp.
cmw {_mWw
15. D]tizXtIXpl hm BcptW[x ]mem
\mw ]cnjZ amPKma k BPKma ssPhenw
{]hmlWw ]cnNmcbamW XapZoym`yphmZ
Ipamcm CXn k t`m CXn { ]Xnip{ im hm
\pintm \]kn ]nt{X tXymanXn tlmhmN.
Bc WnIs ]p{X \mb tizXtIXp ]mmes k`
bn hncpp FXv {]kn amWv. Abm Pohes
]p{X\mb {]hml Ws ASp sNp. Atm
Abm tkhImcm ]cnNcn sSpIbmbn cpp.
Abmsf IpsImv {]hml W ]dp ""HmIpamcm''
Abm ]dp ""Mm'' {]hml W tNmZnp: ""\ns ]n
Xmhv \ns hnZy A`yknnn ptm?'' Atm tizX
tIXp Dv Fp adp]Sn \In.
16. D] th btYamx {]Pmx {]btXym hn{]Xn]
Zy CXn t\Xn tlmhmN thtm btYaw
temIw ]p\ cm] Zym CXn t\Xn sslthm
hmN thtm bYmku temI Ghw _lp`nx
]p\x ]p\x {]bZv`n\ kw]pcymXm CXn t\Xn
sslthm hmN thtm bXnYymamlpXym Hmw
lpXm bm am]x ]pcp j hmtNm `qXzm kap
mbhZo CXn t\Xn sslthm hmN
thtm tZhbm\ky hm ]Yx {]Xn]Zw ]nXr
bmWkyhm bXv IrXzm tZhbm\ hm ]m\w
{ ]Xn ]Zyt ]n Xr bmWw hm]n ln \
EtjhNx irtX tZz krXo Air Whw ]nXr
Wm alw tZhm\mapX aXym\mw Xm`ym anZw
hniz ta PXv ktaXn bZ cm ]nXcw amXcw
tNXn \mlaX GI\ thtZXn tlmhmN.
acWm\ cw Cu {]PI hn`nam fnqSn
t]mIpp ""AsXpsImsv \n\ dnbmtam?'' tizX
tIXp ]dp ""C.'' cmPmhv "" Ah hopw temIn
tep hcpp. AsXns\sbv \n\ dnbmtam?'' ""C''
tizXtIXp Dcw \In. cmPmhv ""C {]Imcw ]px ]p\x
At\ I acnpsNnpw B temIw \ndbmXn cnp sX
psImv ? AXv \n\ dnbmtam?'' ""C'' Abm ]dp.
cmPmhv ""F{X F{Xtbm {]mhiyw BlqXn lh\w
sNbvXnpw Bhv (Pew) ]pcpji_vZhmNyambpbv
I K
N P
350
kwkmcnphm XpS pp Fv \n dnbmtam?'' ""C''
tizXtIXp adp]Sn ]dp. ""\o tZhbm\amnte
p Icq] amb km[\ AYhm ]nXrbm\ ns
Icq]amb km[\ Adnbpptm?, AX\pjvSnv Bfp
I tZhbm\ams {]m]npp, AYhm ]nXrbm
\s {]m]npp. \mamIs Cu a{hN\w tIncnp
pRm ]nXr fptSbpw tZhIfptSbpw C{]Imc ap
cp am sf n tIn cnpp; Ch cpw a\pjycp
ambn _s np am ZyptemIw ]rYzn F
amXm]n XmfpsS CSmIptm?'' CXn\v tizXtIXp ""
Rm CXnsempt]mepw Adnbpn'' Fp adp]Sn
\In.
17. D] AssY\ hk tXym ] a { bm t{I f
\mZrXy hkXnw Ipamcx {]Zp{Zmh k BP
Kma ]nXc X Hmw tlmhmtNXn ]mh Ine
t\m Zhm ]pcm \p in m \ thmN CXn IY
Hmwkpta[ CXn ] am {]iv\m cmPm\y_
p c{ ]mo tXmss\ Im N\ thtZXn
IpXta X CXoa CXn l {]XoIm\ypZmPlmc.
]noSv cmPmhv tizXtIXphnt\mSv AhnsS Xmaknp
hm\ `ynp. Fm Ipamc AXp hIhbvmsX
AhnsS\np ]pds p. Ah Xs ]nXmhns ASp
sNv C{]Imcw ]dp ""Av ]dncpphtm Fs
Fm hnjb fpw kw_n p hnZyI A`yknnp
Fv ?'' ]nXmhp ]dp ""tl \ _pninbp ht\!
Fp kw`hnp?'' ]p{X ""Hcp {Xnb FtmSv Ap
tNmZy tNmZnncnpp, Ahbn Hpt]mepw F\n
dnbm h.'' ]nXmhv ""Ah Fsmambncpp?''
]p{X ""Ah CXmWv'' Fp ]dv aptNmZy Adn
bnp.
18. D] k tlmhmN XYm \kvXzw XmX Pm\oYm
bYm bZlw In thZ khalw Xp`ya
thmNw t{]ln Xp X{X {]XoXy {_Ncy hXv
kymh CXn `hmt\\ KOXznXn k BP Kma
KuXtam b{X {]hmlWky ssPhtecmk X
kv am Bk\ amlrtXymZIamlmcbm ImcmY
lmkvam ALy NImc XHmw tlmhmN hcw
`K htX KuXamb ZZva CXn.
B ]nXmhp ]dp: ""tl XmX? Rm ]dbpXp \o
{inq, F\n dn bmambncp sXmw \n\p ]dp
Xncpp. C\n \app cpt]pwIqSn AhnsSt]m
Imw, {_Ncyw ]menv AhnsS hknmw.'' ]p{X ]d
p ""Av Xs s]mbvsmq.'' Atm B KuX
a {]hmlWs Bm\s n. Abmpthn
cmPmhv Bk\w sImphcphnv BLymZm\wsImv
]qPnp. ]noSv ]dp ""Rm ]qPy\mb KuXa\p hcw
\Ipp.''
19. D] k tlmhmN {]XnmtXm a Gjhtcm
bmw Xp Ipamckymt hmNa`mjYmkvXmw ta
{_qloXn
Abm ]dp ""Xm F\np hcw \Imsap
{]Xn sNbvXncnpp. AX \pkcnv, Xm Ipamc
t\mSv tNmZnn cp tNmZy F\np ]dmepw.''
20. D] k tlmhmN ssZthjp ssh KuXa XZv
htcjp am\pjmWmw {_qloXn.
Abm ]dp ""KuXa! B hc amIs ssZhhc
fnsXmWv. Av a\pjykw_n bmb GsXnepw
hcw tNmZnq.''
21. D] k tlmhmN hnmbtX lmkvXn lnc
Wy kym]mw tKm Aizm\mw Zmko\mw {]
hmcmWmw ]cnZm\ky am t\m `hm _tlmc
\ky]cykym`ymhZmt\ym `qZnXn k ssh
KuXa XotY t\mkm CXyp ss] aylw `h
anXn hmNm l kvss]h ]qh D]bn k
tlm]m b \ IotXymhmk
KuXa ]dp: ""Ahsbmw F\npsv A
dnbpptm? F\nv kzw, tKm, Aiz,
ZmknI, ]cnhmc , ]cn[m\ Fmw Dv . Ap
alpw, A\hpw, \nkoahpw Bb [\ZmXmhmbncp
npw Fs Imcyn AZmXmhmIcptX.'' cmPmhv
""Fn KuXam! \n imkvt{Xmamb hn[n{]Imcw
AXns\ {]m]n phm Xmdmbnsmq.'' KuXa ""
icn, Rm AbpsS injyXzw kzoIcnpp.'' ]v
{_m W hmmXs {XnbmZnIsf kzoIcnncp
p. C{]Imcw AwKoIcnpsImp ]d am{Xbn
KuXa AhnsS hkn phm XpSn; (tkhmZnItfmSp
IqSnbmbn cpn.)
22. D] k tlmhmN XYm \kvXzw KuXa hm]cm
[mkv Xh N ]n Xm alm btYbw hn tZyXx
]qh\ Ikv anHmw\ {_W Dhmk Xmw
Xzlw Xp`yw hyman tIm ln ssXzhw {_qh
alXn {]XymJymXpanXn.
cmPmhp ]d p ""KuXam! F{]Imcw \n fpsS ]nXm
al m RfpsS ]qPmcpsS A]cm[ anm
Xncppthm, AXpt]mseXs \nfpw RfpsS sXp
I ancpXv . CXn\pap]v Cu hnZy Hcp {_mWs
ASpepw Dmbncpn. AXns\ \nmbn Rm\p
]tZin pp. sImmw, C{]Imcw hn\ b]qw kwkm
cnp \nv AXp \ntj[np Xn Bcv ka
\mIpw?''
23. D] Aku ssh temtIm f nKuXa Xkym
ZnXy Gh kan { Z iv atbm [qtam f lc
NnZntim f Mv Kmcm AhmcZntim hnkv^p
I K
N P
351
enMv Km kv Xkv an t X kv an u tlhmx
{imw PqlzXn Xkym BlqssXy tkmtam
cmPm kw`hXn.
tl KuXam! Cu temIw (ZyptemIw) Xs Anbm
Ipp. BZnXyXs AXns C\amIpp; Inc W
[qaamIpp, Znhkw PzmebmIpp, ZnpI Xo
IfmIpp, Ahmc ZnpI kv ^penwKfmIpp. B
Anbn tZhKWw `nsb lh\w sNpp; Cu
BlpXnbm tkmaw cmPmhmIpp.
24. D] ]Pt\ym hm AnKuXa Xky kwh
c Gh kuanZ{`mWn [qtam hnZypZNnci
\nc Mv Km cm {]m Zp \tbm hnkv ^p en Mv Kmkv X
kvantX kvanu tZhm tkmaHmw cmPm\w
PqlzXn Xkym BlpssXy hrnx kw`hXn.
tl KXam! taLwXs AnbmIpp. kwhcw
AXns hndImIpp. taLw [qa amIpp, hnZypXv Pzme
bmIp p. Ai\n (C {s h{Pw) Xo bm Ipp;
taLK\w kv ^penwK fmIpp. B Anbn tZh
KWw tkmacmPs\ lh\w sNpp. Cu BlqXn bn
\npw hrnbpmIpp.
25. D] Abw ssh temtIm f nKuXa Xky
]rYznthyh kanZn[qtam cm{XncNn{am
AMv Kmc \ { XmWn hn kv ^p en Mv Kkv X
kv ant X kv an Ku tZhm hrnw PqlzXn
Xkym BlqXym AHmw kw`hXn.
tl KuXam! Cu temIwXs An bmIpp; ]rYzn
AXns C\wX sbmIpp, An [qaamIpp, cm{Xn
Pzmebpw, N{ XobpamIpp, \ kv ^penw
KfmIpp. Cu An bn tZhX I hrnsb tlman
pp. Cu BlqXn bn\npw A apmIpp.
26. D] ]cptjm hm AnKuXa Xky hym
tah kanXv {]mtWm [qtam hmKNn p
cMvKmcmx t{im{Xw hnkv^penw KmkvX kvant
Xkvanu tZhm Aw PqlzXn Xkym B
lqssXy tcXx kw`hXn
tl KuXam! ]pcpjXs An bmIpp. Ahs
Xpdn cnp apJ wXs C\amIpp, {]mW [pa
amIpp, hmv PzmebmIpp, t\{X Xo bmIpp,
t{im{X kv^penwK fmIpp. Cu An bn tZh
I As tlmanpp. Cu AlqXnbn\npw
hocyw DmIpp.
27. D] tbmjm hm AnKuXa Xkym D]
Gh kantmam \n [qtam tbm\ncNncyZx
ItcmXn tX f Mv Kmcm A`n \m hnkv ^pen
Mv Kmkv X kv an t X kv an u tZhm tctXm
PqlzXn Xkym BlqssXy ]pcpjx kw`hXn
PohXn bmhohXyY bZm {anbtX
tl KuXam! kv {XoXs AnbmIpp. Kp]vtX{nbw
AXns C\ amIpp, tcmaw [qaamIpp, tbm\n Pzme
bmIpp, Dntebvp (ssaYp\ hym]mcw) ISpXv
XobmIpp, B\w kv ^penwK fmIpp. Cu An
bn tZhKWw hocys tlmanpp. Cu BlqXn
bn\npw ]pcpj Dhnpp. Ah Pohnpp,
{]hn phm Ignbp Xphsc PohnpIbpw ]ns
acnpIbpw sNpp.
28. D] AssY \ a tb lcn Xkym ntc
hmn` hXn kanXv kanZv [qtam [qtam
Nn cNn c Mv Kmcm AMv Kmcm hn kv ^penwKm
hnkv^penMvKmkvX kvantXkvanu tZhmx
]pcpjw PqlzXn Xkym BlqssXy ]pcptjm
`mkzchWx kw`hXn
Atm Ahs\ AnbpsS ASp tebvp sImp
t]mIpp. Ahs AnXs Anbmbn ]cnWanp
p, C\w C\ ambn ocpp; [qaw [qa ambn ocp
p, Pzme Pzmebmbn ocpp, Xo Xo bmbnocp
p, kv^penwK kv^penwKfmbnocpp. Cu
Anbn tZhKWw ]pcpjs\ tlmanpp. B Blq
Xn bm ]pcpj AXyw Zo]vXnam\mbnocpp.
29. D] tXb GhtaXZv hnZptcy Nman ActWy
{im HmwkXyap]mktX tX f Nnc`n kw`
h yNntjm f lc B]q cyam W ] am
]q cy am W ] mZv bm jam km \p
ZvmZnXy GXnamtkt`ym tZhtemIw tZh
tem ImZmZn Xy am Zn XymZv sshZypXw Xm
sshZypXm ]pcptjm am\k GXy {_tem
Im KabXn tXtXjp {_temtIjp ]cmx
]cmhtXm hkntXjmw \ ]p\cmhrnx
bmsXmcp (Krl ) C{]Imcw CXn(]mn
hnZv )s\ Adnbppthm AXpt]mse bmsXmcp (k
ymkn) h\n `nbp\mbn kXys ({_w
AXmbXv lnc WyK`w) D]mknppthm Ah tPymXn
ns A[njv Tm\ tZhX Isf {]m]npp, tPymXnkns
A[njv Tm\ tZhIfn\npw Znhkns A[njv Tm\
tZhX bn\npw ip]m[njvTm\ tZhX tb bpw, ip
]m[njvTm\ tZhX bn\npw, D cmb \ ns Bdp
amkfpsS A[njvTm\ tZhXIsfbpw Ahn sS\npw
tZhtemItbpw tZhtemIp\npw BZnXytemI
tbpw BZn Xy\n\npw hnZypw_n Ifmb tZh
XIsf {]m]npp. B hnZypXv tZhIfpsS ASp Hcp
am\k]pcpj hv Chsc {_temIntep sImp
t]mIpp. Ah B {_temIn A\kwhc
]cyw hkn pp. Ahv ]p\P w DmIpn.
30. D] AY tb bt\ Zmt\\ X]km tem
IRvPbn tX [qaa_nkw`hn [qam{Zm{Xn
Hmw cmt{X c ] o b am W ] a ]o b am
I K
N P
352
W]mZv bm jam km Zn Wm ZnXy
GXn amtky`yx ]nXrtemIw ]nXrtemI{w
tX N{w {]m]ymw `hn Xm Hmwkv X{X
tZhm bYm tkmaHmw cmPm\am]ymbkzm]o
btkztXy hta\mHmwkvX{X `bn tXjmw
bZv XXv ]cyssh Xy tY a ta hm Im ia`n \n jv]
Zy BImimZv hmbpw hmtbhrnw hrtx
]rYnhow tX ]rYnhow {]m]ymw `hn tX
]p\x ]pcpjmKv \u lqbt XtXm tbmjm
u Pmbt temIm {]Xyp m bn \kv X
Gh ta hm\p ]cn hXt AY h GXu
]m\u \ hnZpkvtX IoSmx ]XMvKm bZnZw
Z iqIw
bmsXmcp bw, Zm\w, X]v XpS n bh hgn
bmbn temIse IogSppthm Ah [qas ([qa
ns A[n jv Tm \ tZ h X sb) {]m]n p p. [qa
n\npw cm{Xntbbpw cm{Xnbn\npw A]obam
W]tbpw (Ir jv W]m[njvTm\ tZhX) A]o
bamW ]n\npw kqcys ZnWmb\ Ime
ns Bdpamk fpsS A[njv Tm\ tZhXItfbpw Ahn
sS\npw ]nXrtemIpw ]nXrtemIp\npw N{
t\bpw {]m]npp. N{\n Fnbnv Ah Aam
bn ocp p. AhnsS EXznpI tkmacmPmhns\
"A]ymb kz A]obkz' C{]Imcw ]dpsImv Na
n \ndv ]m\w sNpXpt]mse Chsc tZhKWw `
Wampp. AhcpsS I oWnptm Ah
Cu BImis {]m]n pp. BImip\npw hmbp
hnt\ bpw hmbphn\npw hrntbbpw hrnbnqSn
]rYzntbbpw {]m]npp. ]rYznsb {]m]nXn \ptijw
Ah Amambn ocpp. ]ns Ah ]pcpjcq]am
Ip Anbn lh\w sNsSpp. AXn\npw
Ah temIn\pthn Dm\w sNphcmbn kv{Xocq
]amIp Anbn Dhnpp. C{]Imcw Ah
hopw hopw ]cnh\w {]m]npsImncn pp.
Cu cp am fpw Adnbmh IoS ]X MvKmZn \nIr
Pohn Ifmbn `hnpp.
aqmw {_mWw
31. D]x k bx ImatbX alXv {]m]v\pbmanXypZ
Kb\ B]qcyamW]ky ]pWymtl ZzmZim
lap ] k Zv { hXo `qXz u Zp av _tc IHmwtk
Natk hm khuj[w ^em\oXn kw`rXy
]cnkaqly ]cnen]ymnap]kam[m\ ]cnkvXo
cymhrXm PyHmw kHmwkvIrXy ]pHmwkm \
t{XW a Hmwkw\ob PqtlmXn, bmhtm
tZh kvXzYn PmXthZkvXnhtm [v\n ]pcp
jky Imam tXt`ym f lw `mK t[bw
Pqtlman tX am Xr]v Xmx ksshx Imssa
kvX]bp kzmlm, bm Xnco \n]ZytX f
lw hn[cWo CXn Xmw Xzm LrXky [mcbm
btP kHmwcm[\oal Hmw kzmlm.
Rm alXzw {]m]npw Fv bmsXmcp B{K
lnppthm, Ah D cmb\n ip]ns
]pWyXnYnIfn ]Xnaqp Znhkw D]kZv{hXn (]tbm
{hXn)bmbn Acbm XSnbnep ]m{Xntem Nak
ntem kuj[ hpw, ]gepw ap kma{KnIfpw tiJ
cnv (lh\w \St m\ v) Ipihn cn pw, NmWI
shw Xfnpw Ansb m]n pIbpw ]ns An
pNppw Ipihncnv Krlykqt{Xm hn[nItfmSpIqSn
LrX kw kvImcw \Sn bmsXmns \maw ]pnwKam
bncnppthm, B \{Xn ans\ (X\npw An
pw) CSbnshv lh\w sNp p""bmhtm'' CXymZn
{]Yaa{fpsS Awtl PmXthZx! \ns hi
hnIfmbn F{X tZhXI h{IaXnIfmbn ]pcpjs
A`n emjv {]Xn _w sNppthm Ahsc Dt
inpsImv Cu BZy`mKw Rm \nn lh\w sNp
p. Ah Xr]vXcmbn Fs Fm A`nemjfmepw
Xr]vX \m skzmlm "bmXn co' CXymZn ZznXob a {
ns Aw Rm Fmntbpw arXyphns\ hln
p h\mIpp. C{]Imcw hnNmcnpsImv bmsXmcp
IpSneaXnbmb tZhX \ns B{ibnp Ignbppthm
kmkm[ \ Itfbpw ]qoIcnp B tZhXIp
thn Rm LrXs [mct]mse bP\w sNpp
kzmlm
32. D]x tPyjvTmb kzmlm t{ijvTmb kzmtlXy
u lpXz m at k Hmw{ k h a h \ bXn
{]mWmb hmlm hnkn jv Tmssb kzmtl Xy
Kv\ulpXzm at k Hmw{khah\bXn hmtN
kzmlm {]XnjvTmssb kzmtlXyu lpXzm
atkHmw {kh a h\ bXn Nptj kzmlm
kav]tZ kzmtlXyu lpXzm at k Hmw{k
hah\ bXn t{ im{ Xmb kz mlm b X \mb
kzmtlXyu lpXzm at k Hmw{khah\
bXn a\tk kzmlm {]PmssXy kzmtlXyu
lpXzmat k Hmw{k h a h \ bXn tcXtk
kzmtlXyu lpXzm at k Hmw {khah
\ b Xn.
""tPyjvTmb kzmlm t{ijv Tmb kzmlm'' Cu a{tm
SpIqSn Anbn lh\w sNbvXv krhn _mnh
cp LrXs ansemgnpIf bpp. ""{]mWmb kzmlm,
hknjv Tmbkzmlm'' Cu a{tmSpIqSn Anbn
lh\w sNbvXv krhn _mnhcp LrXs
an HgnpIfbpp. ""hm tNmkzmlm {]Xnjv Tmssb
kzmlm'' Cu a{tmSpIqSn Anbn lh\w sNbvXv
krhn _mnbmIp LrXw ansemgnpp.
""Nptjkzmlm kav]tZkzmlm'' Cu a{tmSpIqSn
I K
N P
353
Anbn lh\w sNbvXv krhn _mnbmhp
LrXw ansemgn pp. ""t{im{Xmb kzmlm BbX\mb
kzmlm'' Cu a{tmSpIqSn Anbn lh\w sNbvXv
krhn _mnhcp LrXw an semgnpp. ""a\
tkkzmlm {]PmssXykzmlm'' Cu a{tmSpIqSn An
bn lh\w sNbvXv krhn _mnbmIp LrXw
ansemgnpp. ""tcXtkkzmlm'' Cu a{tmSpIqSn
lh\w sNbvXv krhn _mn bmIp LrXw an
semgnpp.
33. D] Atb kzmtl Xyu lpXzm at
kHmw {khah\bXn tkmamb kzmtlXyu
lpXzm at kHmw {khah\bXn `qx kzmtl
Xyu lqXzm at kHmw {kh a h \ bXn
`q hx kz mtl Xyu lq Xz m at k
Hmw{khah\ bXn kzx kzmtlXyu lpXzm
atkHmw { kh a h \ bXn `q`phx kz x
kzmtlXyu lpXzm at kHmw {khah\
bXn {_tW kzmtlXyu lpXzm at k
Hmw {kh a h \ bXn {Xmb kzmtl Xyu
lqXzm at kHmw {kh a h \ bXn `qXmb
kzmtl Xyu lqXz m at kHmw { kh
ah\bXn `hn jytc kzmtlXyu lpXzmat
kHmw {khah\bXn hnizmb kzmtlXyu
lpXzm at k Hmw {khah\bXn khmb
kzmtlXyu lpXzm at kHmw {khah\
bXn {]Pm]Xtb kmtlymXyu lqXzm at
kHmw {khah\ bXn.
""Atb kzmlm'' Cu a{tmSpIqSn Anbn
lh\w sNbvXv kw{khs ({khn _mnbpm
Ip LrXw) an semgnpp. ""tkmamb kzmlm'' Cu
a{tmSpIqSn Anbn lh\w sNbvXv kw{khs
ansemgnpp. ""`qkzmlm'' Cu a{tmSpIqSn An
bn lh\w sNbvXv kw{khs ansemgnpp.
""`qhx kzmlm'' Cu a{tmSpIqSn An bn lh\w
sNbvXv kw{khs ansemgnpp. ""kz kzmlm'' Cu
a{tmSpIqSn Anbn lh\w sNbvXv kw{khs
ansemgn pp. ""`q`phx kzm kzmlm'' Cu a{tm
SpIqSn Anbn lh\w sNbvXv kw{khs ansem
gn pp. ""{_tW kzmlm'' Cu a{tmSpIqSn An
bn lh\w sNbvXv kw{khs ansemgnpp.
""Xv{Xmb kzmlm'' Cu a{tmSpIqSn Anbn
lh\w sNbv Xv kw{k hs an sem gn p p.
""`qXmbkzmlm'' Cu a{ tmSpIqSn Anbn lh\w
sNbv Xv kw{ k hs an sem gn p p. ""`hn
jytXkzmlm'' Cu a{tmSpIqSn Anbn lh\w
sNbvXv kw{khs ansemgnpp. ""hnizmbkzmlm''
Cu a{tmSpIqSn Anbn lh\w sNbvXv kw{k
hs ansemgnpp. ""khmb kzmlm'' Cu a{
tmSpIqSn Anbn lh\w sNbvXv kw{khs an
semgn pp.
34. D] AssY \a`nariXn `qa `kn PzeZkn ]qW
akn {]kvX _v[atkyIk`hkn lnMvIrXakn
lnMv{InbamWakypZvKoY akypZvKob am\akn
{imhnXakn {]Xym{imhn X akymt{Z kwZn]vX
akn hn`qckn {]`qckyakn tPymXnckn \n[
\akn kwhtKm f koXn.
CXn\ptijw ""`qaZkn'' CXymZn a{tfmSp IqSn
ans\ kv]inpp. (a{Zhyns A[njvTm\
tZhX {]mW\mIpp. AXn\m {]mW\nqSn GIcq
]amIpXp ImcWw AXv km IamIpp.) ""`qaZkn''
CXymZn a{fpsS Aw C{]ImcamIpp. \o ({]m
Wcq]tmSpIqSn icocw apgph) {`atmSpIqSn b h\m
Ipp. (An cq]tmSpIqSn kh{X) Nen ph\m
Ipp; ({_cq]m) ]q\mIpp. BImicq]
tmSpIqSn ) AXyw kvX_v[ amIpp (Fmnt\mSpw
Ahn tcm[nbmb XpImc Ww) \o Cu PK{Zq]amb GI k`
b vp kam\ \mIpp. \oXs (b ns Bc n
{]tZymX hgnbmbn) lnMv IrX amIpp. AXpt]mse \o
Xs lnMv {Inbam\ \pamIp, (bmcw`n DZvKm
XmZzmcm) \o Xs Dkzc tmSpIqSn Km\w sNs Sp
DZvKoXhpw (bns a[yn AXphgnbmbn)
\oXs DZvKob am\\pw BIpp; \o Xs (A[z cyp
fm) {imhnXhpw (An{[wZzmcm) {]Xym{imhnXhpw BIp
p. B{Z (ta Lw) n kaymwhn[w Zo]vX amIpp.
\o hn`q( hnhn[ cq]tfmSpIqSnb)hmIpp. {]`phpw (k
a) BIpp. \o (t`mmhmb An cq]tmSpIq
Sn ) tPymXn m Ip p. (Im c W cq ] tm Sp Iq Sn )
Fmntbpw {]f b m\ am Ip p. AXp t]mse
(Fmw kwl cnph\mbncn p Xn\m) kwhhp
am Ipp.
35. D] AssY \apZyOXymaHmw kymaHmwln tX
aln k ln cmtPimt\m f [n]Xnx kamHmw cm
tPimt\m f [n]Xnw ItcmXznXn
]noSv ""Bawkn Bawkn'' CXymZn a{ tfmSpIqSn
CXns\ apI fn te p bp p. Cu a{ ns
Aw ""Bawkn'' \o Fm Adnbpp. ""B alntXaln''
Rm \ns alnasb \Xpt]mse Adnbpp. B
{]mW cmPmhpw, Cuim\\pw, A[n]XnbpamIpp.
Ah Fs cmPmhpw, Cuim\ \pw, A[n]Xnbpw B
tW.
36. D] AssY \ am N aXn X hn Xph tc Wyw
a[p hmXm EXmbtX a[p cn knhx,
am[zo\x ktzmj[ox `qx kzmlm, `tKm
tZhky [oaln a[p \ap tXmjtkm a[p
aXv ]mYnh Hmw cPx, a[p ZyuckvXp \x ]nXm,
I K
N P
354
`qhx kzmlm, [ntbm tbm \x {]tNmZbmXv, a[p
amtm h\kv]Xna[pamHmw AkvXp kqcyx,
am[zoI Kmthm `hp \, kzx kzmtl Xn,
khm N kmhn{Xoa\zml khm a[paXo
cltath ZHmw kh `qbmkw `q`qhx kzx
kzmtlXyX BNay ]mWo {]mey PL
t\\mnw {]Ivincmx kwhniXn {]mXcmZnXy
ap]XnjvTtX ZnimtaI]pcoIakylw a\p
jymWmtaI]p coIw `qbm kanXn btY X
taXy PLt\\mnamknt\m hHmwiw P]Xn.
CXn\ptijw ""X hnXphtcWyw'' CXymZn a{
tfmSpIqSn Cu ans\ `npp ""XhnXp'' CXymZn
a{fpsS Aw XhnXphtcWyw kqcys
htc Wyhpw, t{ijvThpamb ]Zs Rm [ym\n pp.
""hXma [pEXm btX'' hmbp a[pcamb a KXn tbmSpIqSn
{]hlnpp. ""knhx a[p c n'' \ZnI a[pc ckw
Hgp n sm n cnpp. ""\mHmj[ox am[zoxkp''
Rpthn Huj[nI a[pcXcamIs. ""`qkzmlmx''
(C {Xbpw A tfmSpIqSn a{ tfmSpIqSn ans
BZys Dcpf `n s) ""tZhkyZKx[oaln'' R
khnXmtZhs tXPns\ [ym\npp. ""\apX Djkx
a[p''cm{Xnbpw ]Iepw kpJ Ic amIs. ""]mYnhcPx a[p
aXv''`qanepsS [qfnIWw DtZzKapmp hbmImXncn
s. ""Zyux ]nXm\ a [pAkvXp'']n Xmb ZyptemIw \app
kpJ Ic am I s. ""`qh kzmlm'' (C {Xbpw A
tfmSpIqSn a{ptijw cmas Dcpfbpw `n
s) ""bx \x [nbm {]tNmZbmXv'' khn XmtZh \psS
_pnsb t{]cn Xampp. ""\mh\ kv ]Xnx a[pam'' \ap
pthn h\kv]Xn (tkmaw) a[pc ckab amItW.
""kpcy a[pam AkvXp''kqcy \appthn am[pcy
hm\mItW. Kmhx \ am[zo`hpInc W AYhm
ZnpI \app kpJIcfmItW. ""kzkzmlm'' (C
{Xbpw A tfmSpIqSnb a{ptijw aqm
as Dcpfbpw `n s. CXn\ptijw kqamb
kmhn{Xn (Kmb {Xoa{w) ""a[phmXmEXmbtX'' CXymZn ka
kvXa[paXoa{fpw ""Alta thZw kh`qbmkw'' (C
sXmw Rm\mbn ocpw) ""`q`qhmx kzmlm'' C{]Imcw
]dpsImv Ahkm\w apgph apw `nnv Ic
cpw ip amn AnbpsS ] a`mKv ]qm
`napJ\mbn Ccnpp. {]`mXn ""Znimta I]pco
Iakylw.... `qbmkw'' Cu a{w hgnbmbn BZnXys\
\a kv Icn pp. A\ cw t]mb am nIqSn aSn
hv An bpsS ]na`mKn cpv (C\n ]dbp)
hwis P]npp.
37. D] XHmw tl X apZv ZmeI Bcp Wnhm Pk
t\bmb bmhevIymbmthmkn\ Dtzm
hmNm]n b G\HmwipjvtI mWu \njn
tm tb c Rv imJmx {]tc tlbpx ]emi
\oXn.
DmeI BcpWn Xs injy\mb hmPkt\b bm
hev Iy\v ans\ n D]tZinpsImp ]dncpp""B
scnepw Cu av DWacnsemgnpIbmWn
AXn\nv imJIfpw, CeIfpw ]pd phcpw.''
38. D] GXap sslh hmPkt\tbm bmhev
tIym a[pImb ss]Mv Kymbmthmkn\ DIv
tXzmhmNm]n b G\ HmwipjvtI mWu \n
jn tPv Pmtb c Rv imJmx { ]tcm tlbp x
]emim\oXn.
hmPkt\b bmhev Iy Xs injy\mb a[pI
ss]Mv Ky\v Cu an t\ n D]tZiw \Insmp ]d
p, ""Bsc nepw CXns\ imJ I apdn DW ac n
t HgnpIbmWn AXn imJIfpw, CeIfpw apf
phcpw.''
39. D] GXap sslh a[pIx ss]MvKyqem b
`mKhntb f thmkn\ DtzmhmNm]n b
G\ HmwipjvtI mWu \njntm tbc
Rv imJmx {]tcmtlbpx ]emim\oXn.
a[pIss]Mv Ky Xs injy\mb Nqehnnv Cu
ans\ n D]tZiw \Insmv ]dncpp ""Bsc
nepw CXv imJ I apdn DWacnt HgnpI
bmsWn AXn imJIfpw CeIfpw apfphcpw.''
40. D] GXap sslh Nqtem `mKhnnPm\I
b BbkvXqWmbhmkn\ DtzmhmNm]n
b G\ Hmw ipjv tI mWu \njn tm
tbcRvimJm {]tcmtlbpx ]emim\oXn
Nqe`mKhnn Xs injy\mb Pm\In Bb qW\v
Cu an s\ n D]tZinpsImp ]dncpp. ""Bsc
nepw CXns\ imJ I apdn DW acnt Hgnp
IbmsWn AXn\npw imJ Ifpw CeIfpw s]mn
hfcpw.''
41. D] GXap sslh Pm\Iocmb qWx kXy
Imamb Pmhm em bm t hm kn \ Dtz
hmNm]nb G\ HmwipjvtI mWu \njnt
Pmtb cRvimJmx {]tcmtlbpx ]emim\oXn.
Pm\In BbqW Xs injy\mb Pmhmet\mSv
Cu ant\n D]tZin psImv ]dn cpp ""Bsc
nepw CXns\ imJ I apdn DW acnt Hgnp
I bm sW n AXn\npw imJ I fpw, Ce Ifpw
s]mSnp hfcpw.''
42. D] GXap sslh kXyImtam Pmhmtem f
thm kn `y Dtz m hm Nm]n b G\ Hmw
ipjvtI mWu \njn tmtbcRvimJmx
{] tcmtlbpx ]emim\oXn XtaXw \m]p{Xmb
hm \thmknt\ hm {_qbmXv
I K
N P
355
kXyImaPm_me Xs injymv Cu an s\
n D]tZiw \Insmv ]dn cpp. ""Bscnepw
CXns\ inJ c apdn DW ac nt HgnpIbm
sWn AXn\npw imJIfpw CeIfpw Infnph
cpw.'' ]p{Xmtcm injymtcm Cm hv Cu ans\
n D]tZiw \ImXncns.
43. D] NXp cuZpav _tcm `h Xyu Zpav _cx D[v a
HuZp av _cym D] a \yu Zi { KmaymWn
[m\ym\n `hn { holn b hm kv Xn e amjm
AWphnbMv Kthm tKm[q hm akq cm
Jez mJiv I em Xm ]n jv Tm Z[\n
a[p\n LrX D]knXymPyky PqtlmXn.
Cu a Iw \mev AnSnI tNpm
pp. AnSnsImp {khw, AnSnsIm
p Na v , An SnsImp C[vaw, AnSn
sImp cv ssXew ChbmIpp. CXn [ym\w,
bhw, Fv, Dgpv, ISpIv, Xn\, tKmXv, ]b dv, IXncp,
apXnc Cu ]p {KmaoW [m\y D]bp ampp.
Ch s]mSnv ssXcv, a[p, LrXw Chbn Ipgv LrX
tmSpIqSn lh\w sNpp.
\memw {_mWw.
44. D]x Gjmw ssh `qXm\mw ]rYnho ckx
]rYnhym Bt]m f ]mtam j[b Hmj[o\mw
]p jv ]mWn ]pjv ]mWmw ^em\n ^em\mw
]pcpjx ]pcpjky tcXx
Cu `qXfpsS ckw `qanbmIpp; `qanbpsS ckw
PeamIpp, Pens ckw Huj[nIfmIpp; Huj
[nIfpsS ckw ]pjv ]amIpp; ]pjv ] fpsS ckw ^e
fmIpp; ^e fpsS ckw (A[mcw) ]pcpj\mIpp,
]pcpjs ckw ipamIpp.
45. D] k l {]Pm]XncomwNt{I lmkvssa
{ ]Xn jv Tm Iev ] bm \oXn k kv { Xn bHmw
kkrtP XmHmw krzm[ D]mkv X Xkv amXv
kv{Xnba[ D]m koX k GXw {]mw {Kmhm
Wam\ Gh kapZ]mcbtss\\ma`ykr
PX
Cu hocys m]n pXn\pthn Hcp tbmKy
amb m\s Rm krnpw Fv kp{]kn \mb
{]Pm]Xn hnNmcnp. AXn\m kv {XnbpsS krn \S n.
Ahsf krnnv Atlw AhfpsS At[m`mKv D]m
k\ \Sn. (ssaYp\ In\p kwhn[m\w)AXn
\m kv {XobpsS At[m`mKs D]mkn s. {]Pm]Xn
DXvIr KXnioeamb {]kvXc J kZriamb inivt\ {n
bs (krnnv) kv {XobpsS (tbm\n bpsS) t\sc t{]cn
np. AXpsImv Cu kv{Xobpambn kw \Sn.
46. D] Xkym thZncq]tm temam\n _ln
am [n j htW kan tm a[y Xkv Xu
apjvIu k bmhm l ssh hmPt]tb\ bP
am\ ky temtIm `hXn XmhmKky temtIm
`hXnb Ghw hnZzm \ t[m ] lmkw Nc Xym
kHmw kv{XoWmHmw kpIrXw hrv tX f Y b
Cta hnZzm\t[m] lmkw NcXymky kv {Xnbx
kpIrXw hrPvPtX.
kv {Xov D]t{nb thZnbpv, AhnsSbp tcma
IpippIfmIpp. tbm\nbpsS a[y`mKw In
Pz en p An bmIpp. tbm\nbpsS ]miz`mKn
D cp ItTmc amwkJsf apjvIw Fp ]dbp
p. B cp apjvfpw "A[njhWw' F t]cn
{]kn amb Nab tkma^eIfmIpp. hmPt]m
b bw \Sp XpsImv bPam\\v F{Xam{Xw ]pWy
temIw e`n ppthm AXpt]mseXs CXn\pw {]m]vX
amIpp. Bsc nepw AdnpsImv ssaYp\mNcWw
\S ppthm, Ah Cu kv{XoIfpsS ]pWys Ah
cpampp. bmsXmcp CXdnbpn tbm, Ah
ssaYp\w \SpIbmsWn kv {XoIXs Ahs
]pWys Ahcp ampp.
47. D] FX kva ssh hnZzm\p`meI BcpWn
cmsslX kva ssh XZznZzmmtIm auZvKey
BsslX kva ssh XZznZzm IpamclmcnX
Bl _lthm acym {_Wmb\m \ncn{nbm
hn kp IrtXm f kv amtm ImXv { ]bn b
CZahnZzm Hmw tkm f t[m]lmkw Nc oXn
_lphm CZHmwkp]v Xky hm Pm{KtXm hm
tcXx kvIXn.
\n b ambpw Cu ssaYp\Iw hmPt]b b k
am\w k amsWv Adnhph\mb AcpW\ \\p
meI ]dbpp. CXns\ B cq]n Adnbp hrZvK
e]p{X \mI\pw AXpXs ]dbpp. AXpt]mse ta]
d cq]n Adnbph\mb Ipamcknwlap\nbpw
]dbpp. acW[mfmb \maam{X{_mWcpv.
Ch \nc{nbcpw kpIrXlo\cpw ssaYp\hnm\
n A]cnNn Xcpambncpnpw ssaYp\In
Bkn]qw {]hnpp, Ch ]c temI{`cm
bnocpp. `mcy EXpa Xn bmIpXn\p aptXs Cu
{]mtWm]mkIs hocyw A[nIamtbm, Aev ]amtbm Dd
ntem AYhm Pm{Kntem hoWpt]mIpp. (Fn
Ah Xmsg]d bp {]mbnw A\pjv Tn Ww)
48. D] XZ`nar tiZ\p hm a{tbX btZy tcXx
]rYnhoakvImoZv btZm][oc]ykcZv bZ]x
CZalw Xt{ZX BZtZ ]p\amssaXzn{nbw
]p\xkv tXPx ]p\` Kx, ]p\ c n[njybm
bYm m\w Iev ] m an Xy \m an Im Mv Kpjv Tm
Zzmam Zm bm tcW kv X\u hm {`qhu hm
\narPymXv .
I K
N P
356
B hocys IcwsImp kv]inv A`na{Ww
sNWwkv]inp kabv C{]Imcw ]db Ww
""Cv Fs hocyw kv JenXamb `qanbn ]Xnncnpp;
AXv ]v Nnetm A nepw ]Xnn cpp; AXv Pe
nepw ]Xnncpp. Cu hocys Rm kzoIcnpp.''
C{]Imcw ]dv A\manIsImtm AwKpjv TsImtm
B hocys kzoIcnv m\ fntem AYhm ]pcnI
fpsS a[yntem tNWw. Cs\ tNp
kabw C{]Imcw ]dbWw. ""kv Ien Xamb Fs C{nbw
hopw Fntep XncnphctW. F\np hopw
tXPpw ku`mKy{]m]vXnbpw DmItW. AnXs
bmsXmns m\ ambncnppthm, B tZhKWw
Fs icoc n B hocys bYmm\v m]n
tW.''
49. D] AY bZypZI Bm\w ]tiyZ`na{
tbX abn tXP C{nbw btim {ZhnWHmwkpIr
XanXn {iol hm Gjm kv{XoWmw btemZzm
km]v X kv am tem Zz m kkw bi kzo \o a `n
{Ithym ]a{tbX
Ftmsgnepw A_ n hocyw Pen kv Jen
phogp kabw, AhnsS Xs Ombsb t\mptm,
B Pes C{]Imcw A`na{Ww sNWw ""tZhKWw
Fn tXPnt\bpw, C{nb tbpw bn t\bpw,
[\ tbpw, kXvItbpw m]nsW.'' (AXn\p
tijw AhcpsS K`n ]p{X P\nWtam, B
]Xv\nsb C{]Imcw kvXpXnWw) ""Fs Cu ]Xv\n
temInse Fm kv {XoIfnepwhv evaokz cq]bmIp
p, FpsImsm ChfpsS hkv{X n cPkz e
ns Nnw kv]ambn ImWs Spp.'' A\ cw cP
kzbpw bikz\nbpamb ]Xv \n(aqp cm{XnIptijw
kv \m\w Ign bptm)bpsS ASpsNp ]dbWw
(Cp \app cpt]pw ]pt{Xm np Iw
A\pjv Tnmw.)
50. D] km tNZkv ssa \ ZZymXv Imata \ma]
IoWnbmXv km tNZkvssa ss\h ZZymXv Im
ata\mw bym hm ]mWn\m thm]l XymXn
{ImtaZn{ntbW tX bikm bi BZZ CXy
bim Gh `hXn.
`mcy `mhns\ ssaYp\w \Sphm A\phZnp
nsn, ]Xn Ahsf Ahn ap hkv{X fpw,
B`c Wfpw \In AhtfmSp t{]aw {]ISam Ww.
CXpsImpw Ah Ah\v ssaYp\n Ahkcw
\Ipnsn B ]Xn Ahsf Znpsap `bs
Spn Ahfpambn _emkamKaw \SWw. AXpw
kw` hy a s n Rm \ns i]nv Zp`K(h
y)bmpw Fp ]dv AhfpsS ASpsNv
""Rm Fs bikzcq]amb C{nb m \ns bi
ns\ XnsbSppp'' Cu a{w Dcn s. C{]Imcw
im]w \In gnm Ah Ab ikz\n (hytbm
Zp`Ktbm) BhpIXs sNpp.
51. D] km tNZkvssa ZZymZn{ntbW tX bi
km bi BZ[maoXn bikzn\mth] `hXnx
B ]Xv\n B ]Xnv ssaYp\n\p Ahkcw
\IpIbmsWn Ahsf BiohZnpsImv C{]
Imcw ]dbWw ""Rm Fs btimcq]amb C{nbw hgn
bmbn \nn bin s\Xs m]npp'', Atm
B ZXn I bikznIfmbnocpp.
52. D] k bmantXv ImatbX taXn X kymaY
\n jv Tmb ap tJ\ ap JHmw kw[mtbm f
]akym A`n ariy Pt] Z Mv K Z Pv KmXv
kw`hkn lrZ bm Z [n Pm b tk, k Xza Mv K
Ijmtbm f kn ZnKv[hnmanh amZtbamaapw
aboXn.
B ]pcpj Xs ]Xv\nsb kw_nv Ah Xs
AXy[nIambn C s SWw Fm{Klnpsn Ah
fpsS tbm\nbn Xs P\ t\ {nbw ISnbnv Xs apJ
tmSv AhfpsS apJs tNv AhfpsS D]`m
Ks kv]inpsImv C{]Imcw a{w P]n Ww ""tl
hocyta! \o Fs {]tXyIamb AhbhnIqSn {]Xy
amIq. hntijnpw lrZbn\npw \mUnI hgn
bmbn \ns {]mZp`mhw DmIpp. \o Fs Ahbh
ns ckamIpp. hnjw]pc nb ApsImp apdn
th lcnWn aqOnX bmbnocpXpt]mse \o Fs
Cu ]Xv\nsb F\n pthn D bmq. Chsf F\n
[o \ bmq.''
53. D] AY bmant K` Z[ntXXn X kymaY
\njvTmb aptJ\ apJHmw kw[mbman {]mWym
]m\ymZn{ntbW tX tcXkm tcX BZZ CXy
tcXm Gh `hXn.
Xs `mcybpsS hnjb n Ah K`w [cn mXn
cns Fm{Klnppsn AhfpsS tbm\n bn
Xs P\t\{nbs ISnbnv AhfpsS apJtmSv
Xs apJhpw tNp A`n{]mW\Iw \Snbnv
A]m\\{Inb \S Ww. A\cw C{]Imcw ]dbWw:
""C{n b cq]amb hocywhgnbmbn Rm \ns tcXns\
kzoIcnpp.'' Ans\ sNbvXm Ah tctXm lo\
bmbn `hnppK`nWn bmIpn.
54. D] AY bman tZv Z[o tXXn Xkym aY
\njvTmb aptJ\ apJHmw kw[mbm]m\ym`n{]m
WymZn{ntbW tX tcXkm tcX AZ[maoXn
K`ntWyh `hXn.
]pcpj Xs ]Xv\n K`hXn bmIWw Fm{Kln
ptm Ah AhfpsS tbm\nbn Xs P\ t\{nbw
ISnbnv AhfpsS apJtmSp apJw tNv BZyw
I K
N P
357
A]m\\{Inb \Snb Xn\ptijw A`n{]mW\Iw
sNbvXnp ]dbWw ""Rm C{nb cq]amIp hocywhgn
bmbn \ns tcXns\ B[mcw sNpp.'' C{]Imcw
sNpXpsImv Ah K`hXnbmIpp. ]pcpj
Xs inivt\ {nbw hgn kv {XobpsS tbm\nbn bmsXmcp
hmbphns\ {]hnamptm AXns\ A`n{]mW\ Iw
Fp ]dbpp. Ah kzw inivt\{n bs ]pdv
sImphv B hmbphns\ ]pd tp If bpXns\
A]m\ \Iw Fp ]dbpp.
55. D] AY bky Pmbmssb Pmcx kymw tNZv
ZznjymZmaamt{X f nap]kam[mb {]Xntema
Hmw ic _lnkvXoXzm XkvantXmx ic`rox
{ ]Xo temamx khn jmm Pq lp bma
kant f lujox {]mWm]m\u X BZtZ f
kmhnXn aa kant f lujox ]p{X ] iq
HmwkvX BZtZ f kmhnXn aa kant f lujo
cnm kpIrtX f X BZtZ f kmhnXn aa
kant f lujocmim]cmImiu X BZtZ f
kmhnXn k hm Gj \ncn{ntbm hnkpIrtXm
f kvatmImXv ss{]Xn btah hnZv {_mWx
i]Xn Xkv amtZhwhnt{m {Xn bky ZmtcW
t\m]lmkantZpX tlymhwhnXv ]tcm `hXn.
GsXmcp Krl hnZzms ]Xv\nv GsX nepw Pmc
]pcpj\pam kw_aptm, B ]Xn B Pmcs\ tZzj`m
htmSpIqSn Znphm\m{Klnpp Fn Ah
]bmb a]m{Xn (]`qkwkvImc]qIw)
Ansb m]nv hn]coX{IatmSpIqSn AXmbXv Zn
Wm{K`mhtmtSm ]nam{K`mhtmtSmIqSn thgmpp
hncnv AhbpsS _mWmImc amb ap\I s\n apn
AhbpsS A{K`mKs hn]coX ZnpIfntebv phv B
Anbn \memlqXnI \S WwB BlqXnIfpsS
a{w C{]ImcamIpp ""aakant f lu jnx {]mWm]m
\uX BZtZ'' ""tl! bu\mZnIfm {]IminXbmb Fs
]Xv\ocq]amb Ip Abn \o hocys BlqXn
sNbvXncnpp; AXn\m Rm \obmIp A]cm[
bpsS {]mWt\ bpw, A]m\ t\bpw hensSppp.'' \mep
a{ fptSbpw Aw HpXs. BZyt Xn i{Xp
hns {]mWt\bpw A]m\t\bpw cma t Xn ]p{X
mscbpw arK tfbpw aqma tXn btbpw
]pWytbpw \mematXn {]m\tbbpw {]Xn
m]qnbpsS {]Xo tbbpw A]l cnp Imcyw
]db sncnpp. (Cu a{w ]dnv "^Sv' Fp
i_vZnv BZymlpXn \Is (BlqXnbpsS Ahkm\w)
""Aku aa i{Xpx'' C{]Imcw ]dv i{Xphns t]cp
cn Ww. ]g b Xpt]mse ""aa khnt f lujnx ]p{Xmiq
kvX BZtZ'' Cu a{w Dcphnv cmas BlqXn \Ip
Ibpw Ahkm\w "Aku' Fpcnv i{Xphns \maw
]db Ww. CXpt]mse Xs ""aakant f lujncnm
kpIrtXX BZtZ'' Cu a{w DcnpsImv \memas
BlpXn \SpIbpw Ahkm\ n "Aku' Fp
cnv i{Xphns \maw ]dbpIbpw AXpt]mse ""aakant
f lujocmim]cmImiu X AZtZ'' Cu a{w Dcnp
sImv \memamlpXn \IpIbpw apt]mse "Aku'
Fpcn tijw i{Xphns \maw ]dbWw. C{]Imcw
aIs Adn bp h\mb {]mWZinbmb hnZzm
{_W Bsc i]nppthm Ah C{nbc lnX\pw
]pWylo\\pambn Cu temItmSp bm{X]dbpp. AXn
\m ]c kv {XoKa\ns `b camb Cu ]cnWmas
Adnbp ]pcpj bmsXmcp t{im{Xobs ]Xv\nbpambn
kamKanp kwKXn Xs Fv? ]cn lmks Cn
mXncn s. FpsImsm ta d B`nNmc
Is Adnbp t{im{Xob Ahs i{Xphmbno
cp p.
56. D] AY bky PmbmamXhw hntXv Xylw
IHmwtk \ ]n t_ Z lX hmkm ss\\mw
hrjtem \ hrj eyp ] l \ymXv {Xocm {Xm
B]veqXy {holo\ h[mXtbXv
bmsXmcps ]Xv\nsb EXphmIppthm Ah
aqp Znhkw hsc Hmp]m{Xfn `nmXncnpIbpw
\memw Znhkw kv \m\w \Snb tijw IodmXpw ip
hpamb hkv{Xw [cnpIbpw sNWw. Ahsf GsX
nepw iq{ZPmXnbns kv {Xotbm ]pcpjt\m kv]in
mXncnWw. cPkzebmb B \mcn aqp Znhkw
Ignv kv\m\w Ignphcptm Ahsf [m\yw s]mSn
p tPmen bn GsSp Ww.
57. D] k b CtXv ]pt{Xm ta iptm PmtbX
thZ a \p { _p hoX kh am bp cn bm Zn Xn
ocuZ\w ]m]bnXzm k]n]vaaiv\obmXm
aoizcu P\bnXssh.
Fs ]p{X iqhtmSpIqSnb h\mIssbv
bmsXmcp B{Klnppthm Ah Hcp thZw Ay
b\w sNpIbpw \qdp hjw hsc Pohnn cpmepw B
Imev B cv `mcym`mmcpw ]mepw Acn bpw
IqSn ]mIs Spnb ]mbkapmpIbpw AXn
s\bvtNv `npIbpw sNWw. CXn\m Ah
D]cyp amb tbmKyXtbmSpIqSnb ]p{Xs\ DmZnn
pXn kacmIpp.
58. D] AY b CtXv ]p t{ Xm ta I]n ex
]nMv Ktem PmtbX Zzu thZm h \p {_q hoX
kh ambp cn bm ZnXn Zt[ym ZXw ]mN bnXzm
k]njvamaiv\obmXmhoizcu P\bnXssh.
bmsXmcp Xs ]p{X I]nehtmtSm
]nMv Keh tmtSm IqSnb h\mIWw Fv B{Klnp
sn Ah cp thZ Ayb\w sNpIbpw
]q ambn \qdp kwhcw hsc Pohnncpmepw Ah
ssXcn tNmdp ]mIwsNbvXv AXn s\v tNv `n
I K
N P
358
Ww. AtXmSpIqSn A{]Imc ap ]p{Xs\ P\nnp
Xn Ah kacmbnocpp.
59. D] AY b CtXv ]pt{Xm ta iymtam tem
ln Xmtm PmtbX { Xo thZ \ \p { _p
hoXkh am bp cn bm Zn Xyp Zu Z\w ]mN bnXzm
k]njvaiv\obmXmaoizcu P\bnXssh.
Xs ]p{X iyma h \pw, AcpW\b\\pw BI
Wsav bmsXmcp X B{Klnppthm, Ah aqp
thZ Ayb\w sNpIbpw, ]qamb \qdp kwh
cmew PohnpIbmsWnepw Ah\pw Ahs
`mcybpw Pen am{Xw Acn ]mIw sNbvXv tNmdmn
AXn s\v tNv `nWw. AXpsImv D tbm
KyX ItfmSpIqSn ]p{Xmsc Dev]mZnnpXn Ah
ka cmbn ocpw.
60. D] AY N CtOZv ZplnXm ta ]mnXm Pm
tbX khambpcnbmZnXn XneuZ\w ]m]bnXzm
k]njvaaiv\obm\maoizcu P\bnX ssh.
Xs ]p{Xn hnZpjn bpw, ]qambn \qdp kwh cw
hsc PohnphfpamIWw Fv bmsXmcp B{K
lnppthm, Ah\pw Ahs `mcybpw Fpw, Acnbpw
Iqn Jncn ]mIw sNbvXv AXn s\pw tNp `n
Ww. AtXmSpIqSn Ah DtbmKyXItfmSpIqSnb
I\yIbv v Pw \Iphm kacmbn ocpp.
61. D] AY b CtXv ]pt{Xm ta ]ntXm
hnloXx kan XnwKax ip{iq jnXw hmNw `mjnXm
PmtbX khm thZm\\p{_phoX kham
bpcnbmZnXn aHmw kuZ\w ]mNbnXzm k]n
jv a a iv \o bm Xm ao iz cu P\ bn Xhm
HutW hmjt`W hm.
Xs ]p{X {]JymX]nX\pw, hnZzkZpIfn
\n`bw {]thinp h\pw, {ihWa[pc amb i_vZtm
SpIqbnh\pambncnWw Fv bmsXmcp B{Klnp
pthm Ah\v Fm thZfpw Ayb\w sNbvXpsImv
]qambn \qdp kwhcw hsc Pohnn cnpIbpw
sNbvXv B ]pcpj\pw Ahs ]Xv\nbpw Huj[nIfpsS
sImgppw Acnbpw IqSn ]mIw sNbvXv AXn s\pw
tNv `n Ww. AXpsImv ta]d tbmKyX
ItfmSpIqSnb ]p{Xmv Pw \IpXn Ah
kacmbnocp p.
62. D] AYm`n{]mXtch meo]mImhrXmPyw
tNnXzm meo]mItkym][mXw PqtlmXy
tb kz mlm \p a Xtb kz mlm tZhmb
khnt{X kXy {] k hmb kzmtlXn lqtXzm
rXy {]miv \mXn {]mtiy X ckymx {]b Xn
{ ]mey ]mWo DZ ]m{ Xw ]p c bn Xz m
tXss\\mw { Xn c `yp Xyp n jv TmtXm
hnizmtkm f \yman {]]qhy kw Pmbmw
]Xym ktlXn.
AXn\ptijw \memwZnhkw {]`mnXs (k
ymZn Im\pjv Tm\ \Snbnv) ]Xv\n CSnps]m
Sn Acn sImv meo]mIhn [nbm s\bvsImv
kwkvIcn Nmcp]mIw sNbvXp kwkvIcnv meo]m
ImWn\npw Aev]mev]ambn FSpv {][m\ Blq
XnI \IWw. AhbpsS a{ C{]ImcamWv
""Antbkzmlm, A\paXtb kzmlm tZhmb khnt{X
kXy{]khmb kzmlm'' C{]Imcw BlqXn \Inbnv
""kznIrXv'' tlmaw \Sn menbn _mnbp Nmcp
hns\ Hcp ]m{Xnemn AXn s\pw tNv BZyw
]Xn AXp `npp. A\cw AXnse DOns
Xs ]Xv\np \Ipp. XZ\cw Imepw ssIpw
IgpIn ipamn Pe]m{Xw \ndv B Pem Xs
]Xv\nsb aqp {]mhiyw A`ntjIw sNWw. A`ntj
Ia{w C{]ImcamIpp ""DnjvTmtXmhn]mhtkm f
\yman {]hqhymkw Pmbmw ]Xymkl.''
63. D] AssY\m a `n] ZytX f taml akv an km
Xz Hmw km Xzakytam f lw kmaml akvan
EIv Xz w Zyuclw ]rYnho Xzw Xmthln
kHmwt`m hssl kl tctXm Z[m hssl
]pHmwtk ]p{Xm b hnX CXnx
XZ \ cw ]Xn Xs Cm \p k cWw ]Xv \nsb
]mbkw apXemb t`mP\ Ign nv ib\Imen
""Atam f lakv]n'' CXymZn a{ DcphnpsImv
Ahsf BenwK\w sNWw (B a{ns Bibw
""tZho Rm {]mW\mIpp \o hmmIpp, \o hmm
Ipp, Rm {]mW\mIpp; Rm kmaamIpp, \o EX
amIpp, Rm BImiamIpp, \o ]rYznbmIpp; AXn
\m hcq, ZXnIfmb \app ]ckv]cw BenwK\w
sNmw, Hcp kabv tcXkns\ [mcWw sNmw, Xqew
\apv ]pcpjXzm hnin\mb ]p{Xem`w DmIs.'')
64. D] AYmkym Ducp ]nlm]bXn hnPnloYmw
Zymhm ]r Yn ho CXn Xkym aY \n jv Tmb
aptJ\ apJHmwkw[mb {Xntc\ma\ptemama\p
amnhnjvWtcym\nw Iev]bXpXzm cq]mWn
]nHmwiXp, BknXp {]Pm ]Xn [mXm K`
Z[mXp tX, K` t[ln kn \o hmen K`
t[ln]rYpptI, K` tX Aizn\u tZhmhm
[mw ]pjvIc{kPu.
AXn \ptijw ]Xv\nbpsS XpSIsf ]c kv]cw AI
s. (B kabw Cu a{w DcphnSWw) ""hnPnloYmwZym
hm]rYnho CXn'' (tl Ducpkzcq]amb BImita! `qantb
\n cpw AIpXcphn) CXn\p tijw ]Xv\nbpsS
tbm\n bn Xs P\t\{nbw ISnbnv AhfpsS apJ
tmSv apJw tNv A\ptema {Ian AhfpsS
I K
N P
359
icocw apgph aqphw XtemSs. XtemSp kabw
""hnjv Wtbm\n Iev]bXp'' CXymZn a{ DcphnSs
AXns Bibw "{]ntb! kh hym]nbmb `Khm
hnjv Wp \ns P\ t\{n bs ]pt{Xmev ]nbv v
kaam s. `Khm kqcy \ns AwKhn`mKsf
]phpw Zi\ob hpam s. hncmSv ]pcpj\mb {]Pm]Xn
FtmSpIqSn A_n cq]n nXn sNbvXv \nn
hocys B[m\w sNs. `Khm [mXmhv FtmSp
IqSn A`n `mhn nX \mbn \ns K`s [mc
Whpw t]mjWhpw sNs. tZho, bmsXmcpn ]cn
]qWambn kv XpXn sSppthm, B kn\ohmen(Aam
hmky)\obmIpp. \o Cu K`w [mcWw sNq, [mcWw
sNq. tZhmcmb Aizn\nIpamcm (kqcy\pw N{ \pw)
X fpsS IncWcq]amIp Ia eame[ cnv FtmSpIqSn
A`ncq]n nX cmbn \nn K`s B[m\w
sNs.'
65. D] ln c bo AcWo b`ymw \na Xm
aiz n \u Xw tX K` lhm atl Zita
hmknkqX tb, bYm n K`m ]rYnho bYm
Zyucnt{W K`nWo, hmbpZnimw XYm K`
Ghw K` Z[man tX f kmhnXn.
{]mNo\ Imev tPymXnabnbmb AcpWn Dmbn cp
p, AXpsImv Aizn\nIpamcm aY\w \Sn. B
aY \ n\npw AarXcq]amb K`w {]ISambn. AtX
AarXcq]amb K`s \mw \ns Ipnbn m]n
pp. AXn\m \o AXns\ ]mwamkn {]khn
s, F{]Imcw `qanbpsS K`w AnbmIppthm, F{]
Imcw kzob `qan C{\m K`hXnbmIppthm, F{]
Imcw ZnpIfpsS K`w hmbphmIppthm, AtX{]Imcw
Rm \nn ]p{Xcq]amb K`s m]n pp.
66. D] tkmjyo a Zv `n c `yp Xn, bYm hmbp
]pjv IcWoHmw kanMv KbXn khXx, Ghm tX
K` GPXp klmsshXp PcmbpWm, C{kymbw
{]Px IrXx kmKex k]cn{ibx, Xan{ \nPln
Kt`W kmhcHmw ktlXn.
{]khImen {]khnp kv {XobpsSta ""bYm
hmbpx....'' CXymZn a{w Dcphnv Pew Xfn s. a
{mwhmbp Ipfnse Pes Fm `mKp\npw
N eamp Xpt]mse \ns K`w AXns m\p
\np NenpIbpw Pcmbphn t\mSpIqSn shfn bn hcn
Ibpw sNs. {]kvXpXn hmbphn\pthn Cu tbm\o
cq]amb amw \nan amIpp. AXv K`thjv T\ tm
SpIqSnbncnpp. C{! ({]khhmbp!) B amn
Fn K`tmSpw amwkt]intbmSpIqSn ]pdtbv p
hm epw.
67. D] PmtX f nap]kam[mbmMv I B[mbI
Hmwtk ]rj Zm PyHmw kw\ob ]rj Zm Py
tkym] LmXw Pqtlm Xy kv an kl{kw
]pjym k ta[ am\x tkz Krtl, Atkym ]
kymw am ssOoXv {]Pbm N ]ip`n
kz mlm abn { ]mWm Hmw kv Xz bn a\km
Pqtlman kzmlmbXv IWm XycocnNw bZv
hm \yq\ an lmIcw, An jq kv Xz n IrZv
hn Zzm kz n Hmw kplpXw ItcmXp \x
kzmtlXn.
]p{X P\npIgnbptm ]nXmhv Ahs\ aSn
bnshv Ansb {]XnjvTnv Hmp]m{Xn ssXcp
tN s\smgnv AXns Aev]mev]amb Awiw
FSpv ""Akvan kl{kw'' CXymZn a{tfmSpIqSn
Anbn BlqXn \Is. B a{mw "Fs Cu
`h\n ]p{Xcq]tmSpIqSn hrnsb {]m]nv Rm
kl{kw a\pjycpsS GIam{Xamb t]mjWImhm
bnoc s. Fs Cu ]p{Xs kXnIv {]P Itfm
Spw, arK tfmSpw IqSn kns Ipdhv Hcnepw Dm
ImXncnskzmlm. Rm\mIp ]nXmhn bmsXmcp
{]mW Dtm, B {]mWs\ \obmIp ]p{X\n ]p
a\tmSpIqSn Rm tlmanppkzmlm. Rm sNbvXn
cnp {][m\ ItfmSpIqSn bmsXmv A[nIambn
sNbvXncnppthm, Bhiyamb I fn bmsXmv
Ipdhv hcpnbncppthm, RfpsS B Is
m\nbmb AntZh ]cnl cn s kzmlm.'
68. D] AYmky ZnWw IWa`n\n[mb hmKv
hmKnXn {XncY Z[n a[p LrXHmwkw\obm\
ln tX\ PmXcqt]W {]mibXn, `qkvtX
Z[man `phkvtX Z[man kzkvtX Z[man `q`qhx
kzx kh Xzbn Z[maoXn.
tlmam\ cw ]nXmhv iniphns hepsNhn Xs
apJtmSptNv "hmIv, hmIv, hmIv' C{]Imcw aqp
{]mhiyw ]dbs. AXn\ptijw ssXcv, tX, s\v Ch
Hmn hnipamb kzbnen tImcnsbSpv
_meIs\ cpNn ns (B kabw Cu \mep a{fpw
DcphnSs) ""`qkv tXZ[man, `qhkvtXZ[man, kzt Z[man,
`q`qhx kzx khXzbo Z[man.''
69. D] AYmky \ma ItcmXn thtZm f koXn
XZky XZ Kplytah \ma `hXn.
AXn\ptijw _me\p \ma IcWw sN s. "\o thZ
amIpp.' thZw Xs Cu _meIs Kp]vX \ma ambno
cs.
70. D] AssY\w amt{X {]Zmb kvX\w {]bOXn
bkv tX kv X\x iitbm tbm atbm aqtcym
cXv \[m hkphnZyx kpZ{Xx tb\ hnizm ]p
jyknhmcymWn kckzXn Xanl [mXth Icn
Xn.
I K
N P
360
AXn\ptijw Cu _meIs\ amXmhns aSnbn IS
nbnv ""bkvtXkv X\x'' CXymZn a{ P]npsImv
apebqs. a{ns Bibwtl kckzXn! \ns
oc ns `mc amb Cu kv X\w A b hpw, t]mj
Wm[mc hpamIpp; AXv cXv\ fpsS J\nbpw, kq
amb [\ cminbpsS mXmhpw, DZmc amb Zm\nbpw BIp
p. AXpt]mse bmsXmphgnbmbn \o kakvXhc Wob
]Zmtfbpw t]mjnnppthm, Cu k]p{Xs
PohkmcWmw B kvX\s tZhn Fs `mcybpsS
icoc n {]Xnjv Tnv B iniphns hmbn sImSpp
hm\\ph ZntW.
71. D] AYmky amX c a `n a { b tX, Cemkn
ssa{XmhcpWo hotc hocaPoP \Xv , km Xzw
hochXo `h bmkv am hochtXm f Ic ZnXn,
Xw hm GXam lpc Xn ]nXm hmXm`q cXn ]nXm
atlm hmXm`qx ]camw _X Imjv Tmw {]m]
Onbm bikm {_hNtk\ b GhmhntZm
{_mWky ]pt{Xm PmbX CXn.
AXn\ptijw _mes amXmhns\ C{]Imcw "Cemkn'
CXymZn a{fm A`na{nX bm s. Cu a{ns
Bibwtl tZho! \o Xs kvXpXyl bpw, ssa{Xmhcp
Wnbpw (Acp Xn) BIpp. hotc \o hoc ]p{X\p Pw
\In \s hoc]p{Xs ]nXmhmnbncnpp; AXn
\m \o hchXnbmbn cn pp. Cu _mes\ t\mn ap
h ""\o hmkvXhn ]nXmhn t\m aptmp
t]mIWw'' Fp ]db Ww. \o \ntlambn kzw ]nXm
alt\ mfpw t{ijv T\mIWw. \o evanbpw, Ionbpw
AXpt]mse {_tXPpw hgnbmbn DXnbpsS ]ca
koabnseWw C{]Imcw hninjv S m\k \mb
]p{X bmsXmcp {_W\v P\nppthm, B ]nXmhpw
CXpt]mseXs kvXpXyl \mIpp.
Amw {_mWw
72. D] AY hHmwiw, ]uXnamjo ]p{Xx ImXym
b\o]p{XmXv ImXymb\o]pt{Xm KuXao]p{XmZv
KuXao]pt{Xm `mc ZzmPo]p{XmZv `mc ZzmPo]p{Xx
]mcmico]p{XmXv ]cmico]p{X Hu]kzkvXo]p
{ XmZu ] kz kv Xo ]p{ Xx ]mcm i co ]p { XmXv
]mcmi co]p{Xx ImXymb\o]p{XmXv ImXymb
\o]p{Xx IuiIo]p{XmXv IuinIo]p{X Be
av_o]p{Xm sshbm {L ]Zo]p {Xm sshbm
{L ] Zo]p{Xx IWzo ]p {Xm Im]o ]p {Xm
Im]o ]p{Xx
hwiw hnsSpp. ]uXnamjo]p{X ImXym
b\o ]p{X\n\npw, ImXymb\o]p{X KuXao ]p{X
\n\npw, KuXao]p{X `mc ZzmPo]p{X\n \npw, Zzmc
ZzmPo]p{X ]cmico ]p{X\n\npw, ]cmico]p{X Hu]
kz kv Xo]p{X \n\npw, Hu]kzkv Xo]p{X ]cmico]p
{X \n\n pw, ]mcmico]p{X ImXymb\o]p{X\n\n
pw, ImXymb \o]p{X IuinI]p{X \n\n pw, Iuin
I]p{X Bew_o]p{X\n \npw, sshbm{L]Zo]p{X
IWzo]p{X\n\npw, IWzo]p{X Im]o]p{X \n\n
pw, Im]o]p{X.
73. D] Bt{Xbo]p{XmZmt{X bo]pt{Xm KuXao]p
{XmZv KuXao]pt{Xm `mc ZzmPo]p{XmZv `mc ZzmPo
]p{Xx ]mcm i co ]p {XmZv ]mcm i co ]pt{ Xm
hmo ]p{XmZv hmo]p{Xx ]mcmico]p{XmZv
]mcmico ]pt{Xm hmImcpWo]p{XmXv hmIm
cpWo]pt{Xm hmIm cpWo]p{XmXzmIm cpWo
]p{Xx BX`m Ko]p {Xm ZmX `mKo ]p{ Xx
iuwKo ]p {Xm u Mv Ko]p {Xx kmwkv Ir Xo ]p
{XmXv kmwkvIrXo]p{Xw Beav _mb\o]p{Xm
Zme av _m b \o ]p{X Beav _o]p{Xm Zm e av _o
]pt{Xm Pmbo]p{Xmmbo]pt{Xm amq
Imb\o]p{XmqImb\o]pt{Xm amqIo
]p {Xm mpIn]p{Xximneo ]p{XmOmn
eo ]pt{Xm cmYo Xco]p{XmZv cmYo X co]pt{Xm
`mep Io ]p {XmZv `mepIo]p{Xx {Iu Io ]p
{Xm`ymw {Iu Io ]p{Xu sshZ`rXo ]p {XmZv
sshZ`rXo]p{Xx ImitIbo]p{XmXv ImitI
bo]p{Xx {]mNot\mbKo]p{XmXv {]mNo\tbm
Kn]p{Xx kmRvPoho]p{XmXv kmRvPoho]p{Xx
{]miv \o ]p {Xm Zm kp co hm kn\x {]miv \o ]p{X
BkpcmbWmbZmkpcmbW Bkptccmkpcnx
Bt{X bo]p{X\n\npw, Bt{Xbo]p{X KuXao]p
{X\n\npw KuXao]p{X `mc ZzmPo]p{X\n\npw `mc
ZzmPo]p{X ]mcmico]p{X \n\npw ]mcmico]p{X
hmo]p{X \n\npw, hmo]p{X ]mcmico]p{X
\n\npw, ]mcmico]p{X hmImcpWo]p{X\n\npw,
hmImcpW]p{X hmImcpWo]p{X\n\npw, hmIm
cpWo]p{X BXm`mKo]p{X\n\n pw, BXm`mKo
]p{X iuMvKo]p{X\n\npw, iuMvKo]p{X kmwIr
Xo]p{X\n\npw, kmwIrXo]p{X Bew_mb\o ]p{X
\n\npw, Bew_mb\o]p{X Pmb o]p{X\n\n
pw, Pmbo]p{X amqImb\o ]p{X\n\npw,
amqImb\o ]p{X amqIn]p{X\n\npw, amW[q
In ]p{X imneo]p{X\n\n pw, imneo]p{X
cmYoXco]p{X \n\n pw, cmYoXco]p{X `mepIo]p{X
\n\npw, `mepIo]p{X cp {IunIo]p{Xmcn\n
pw, cp {Iu Io]p{Xm thZ`rXo]p{X\n\npw,
thZ`rXo]p{X ImitIbo]p{X\n\npw, ImitIbo
]p{X {]mN\ tbmKo]p{X \n\npw {]mNo\ tbmKo]p
{X kmohn ]p{X \n\npw, kmohn]p{X Bkp
cohmkn{]miv\o]p{X\n\npw, {]miv \o]p{X Bkpcm
bW\n\npw, BkpcmbW Bkpcnbn\npw,
Bkpcn.
I K
N P
361
74. D] bmhevIymZv bmhevIy DmeImZp
m etIm f cpWm Z cpW D] th ti cq ] thinx
Ipt{ix Ip{inhmP{ihtkm hmP{ihm Pnlzm
htXm _mt[ym Kmnlzmhm hmt[ymtKm f
knXmZv hmjKWmZkntXm hmjKtWm lcn
XmXv Iiy]m cnXx Iiy]x inev]mXv Iiy]
nev ]x Iiy]x Iiv ]m t {[qthx Iiyt]m
ss\{[phnhmtNm hmKav `nWym Aav `n WymZn
XymZmZnXym\nam\n ipm\n bPq Hmwjn hmP
kt\b\ bmhevtIy\mJymbt.
bmhevIy\n\npw, bmhIy DmeI
\n\npw, DmeI AcpW\n\npw AcpW D]
thin bn\npw D]thin Ip{inbn \npw Ip{in hmP
{ihn\npw, hmP{ihv Pnlzmhm\n\npw, Pnlzm
hm _mt[ymK\n\n pw, _mt[ymKy AknXhmj
KW\n\npw, AknXhmjKW lcnXIiy]\n\n
pw, lcnXIiy] inIiy]\n\npw, in Iiy
] Iiy]ss\ [rhn\npw, Iiy]ss\ [rhv hmIn\n
pw, hmIpw Aav`nWnbn\npw, Aav`nWn BZnXy\n\n
pw Dmbn BZnXy\n\npw {]m]vXamb Cu ip
bpx {ipXnI hmPkt\b bm hIy hgnbmbn
hfsc {]kn ambn op.
75. D] kam \am kmwPo ho ]p {XmXv kmwPoho
]pt{Xm amqImbt\amqImb \nam
hymmhyx IumXv Iutm amlnt
amln nhm a I m b WmZv hma I m bWx
imn eym m n teym hm v XmZv hmyx
Ipt{ix Ip{in cy hNtkm cmPkv _mb
\mZv bhmNm cmP kv Xav _m b \ kv XpcmXv
ImhtjbmXv Xpcx Imh tbjx { ]Pm ]tX
{]Pm]Xn{_tWm {_ kzbav`p {_tW
\ax
kRv Poho]p{X]cyw Hcp hwiwXsbmIpp.
kRvPohn]p{X aqImb\n\n pw, amqImb\n
amhy\n\npw, amhy Iubn\npw,
Iu amlnnbn\npw, tamlnn hmaImbW
bn\n pw, hma I m bW imn ey bn\npw
imney hmybn\npw, hmy Ip{inbn\npw,
Ip{in bhNmcmPkvXav_mb \ bn\n pw, bh
NmcmP kv Xav_mb\ Xpc Imhtjbbn\npw, XpcImh
tjb {]Pm]Xn bn\npw {]Pm]Xn {_mhn\npw
Dmbn {_w kzbw `qhmIpp. kzbw `qhmIp
{_s \akv Icn pp.
ip`w
I K
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362
imn ]mTw
Hmw kl\m hhXp kl \u `p\p kl
hocyw Ichm hssl tXPkzn\mh[oXakvXp am
hnZznjmhssl Hmw imnx imnx imnx
]c{_w R cpt]scbpw Hcpanv cntW.
AXv R cpt]scbpw Hcpanv ]cn]mentW.
R cpt]cpw Hcpanv IgnhpI t\StW. R fpsS
A[yb\w tXPkznbmbnoctW. R ]ckv]cw
hntZzjw hlnmXncntW.
{]Y a Jw
lcnx Hmw AY l kmwIr Xn`K hm \mZnXy
temIw PKma | Xam ZnXyw \Xym Nmp jv aXo
hnZybm XakvXphXv Hmw \tam `KhmtX {iokq
cymbm ntX Ptk \ax Hmw tJNcmb \ax Hmw
cPtk \ax Hmw kXzmb \ax Hmw AktXmam kXv
Kab Xatkm am tPymXnKab artXymam AarXw
Kab | DjvtWm `Khm ipNncq]x {]Xncq] hniz
cq]w LrWn\w PmX thZkw lncbw tPymXn
cq]w X]w kl {kcivanx iXYm ham\x
]pcpjx {]Pm\mapZbtXyj kqcyx | Hmw \tam
`K htX {iokq cym bm Zn Xym bm n tXP tkzm
tlm fhmlnt\ hmln\n kzmtlXn Ghw Nmp
v a Xo hn hn Zybm kv XpXx | kqcy \m cm bWx
kp{]otXm f {_ho m p jv aXo hnZy {io bmw
{_mtWm tbm \nXya[otX \Xkymntcmtlm
`hXn \ Xky Ipte f tm `hXn Au {_m
Wm {KmlbnXzm f Y hnZymkon`hXn b Ghw
thZ k alm `hXn.
`Khm kmwIrXn BZnXytemIp t]mbn AhnsS
Atlw `Khm kqcys\ \akvIcnp Nmpjv aXn hnZy
bm kv XpXn sNbvXp Hmw Npcn{nbw {]Iminnp
`Khm kqcy\v \a kvImcw BImiNmcnbmb `Khm
Ayp]\njv
1
3
kqcy\v \akv Imcw. almtk\ \mb {io kqcy\v \akv Im
cw. Xtam KpWcq]\mb kqcy\v \akv Imcw. ctPmKpWcq
]\mb kqcy\v \akv Imcw. kXzKpWcq]\mb kqcy\v \a
kvImcw. `Khms\ Fs Akn \nv kntev
\bnmepw. AImcn \nv {]Imintev \bn
mepw. arXyphn \nv Aar Xn tev \bn mepw. B
kqcy\mbmc W ]cnip\pw {]Xncq]\pamWv . kq
cq][mcnbpw civan amenIman X\pw PmXnthZpw
kzkam\ {]Imiaph\pw tPymXnkz cq]\pw Xm]
bp\pamb kqcy\mcmbWs\ R kvacnpp.
kl {kc ivanbpw ]ehn[n hnph\pamb
kqcy Fm PohnIfpsSbpw apn DZbw sNpp.
RfpsS IpIv {]Imicq]\pw AZnXn ]p{X\pamb
kqcy\v \akvImcw. hnizw [cnp kqcy\v R R
fpsS khkzhpw kan pp. Cu Nmpjv aXo hnZy
bm kvXpXn stm kqcy\mcmb W Ghpw kp
\mbn ]dp. ""Cu Nmpjv aXo hnZy \nXyhpw ]mcm
bWw sNp {_m W\v t\{XtcmKw DmIpn.
Ahs hwin Bcpw A\mIn. Fp {_mWsc
Cu hnZy ]Tnnm Cu hnZyv knnbpmIpw CXv
Adnbp hyn alm\mbn ocpw.''
ZznXob Jw
AY l kmwIrXncmZnXyw ]{] `Kh {_
hnZymw ta {_ploXn XamZntXym tlmhmN:
A\ cw kmwIrXn kqcyt\mSv ]dp. ""`Khms\
F\nv {_ hnZy D]tZinpXctW.'' AXptIv BZnXy
]dp:
1. kmwIrtX irWp hyan |
XXz m\w kpZpe`w |
tb\ hnmXamt{XW |
Pohptm `hnjykn ||
I K
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363
2. khtaIaPw imw A\w {[phahybw |
]iy `qXm Nn{Zq]w |
im Akz bYm kpJw ||
3. AthZ\w hnZp tbmKw |
Nnba Ir{Xnaw |
tbmKx Ipcp ImWn |
\octkm hm Y am Ipcp ||
4. hncmKap]bmXy
hmk\mkz \phmkcw |
{InbmkqZmc cq]mkp |
{IatX tamZX\zlw ||
5. {Kmaymkp PUtNmkp |
kXXw hnNnIntX |
t\mZmlcXn amWn |
]pWyImWn tkhtX ||
kmwIr Xn, Rm \nv Ghpw Zpe`amb XXz
m\w D]tZinmw. AXv AdnmepSXs Pohp
\mIpw. \n Fm{]mWn Ipw GI\pw AP\pw
im\pw Ahyb\pw A\ \pw {[ph\pw Nn{Zq]\pamb
{_s Iv bYmkpJw hknpI. Bmhnsbpw
]cammhnsbpamsX asmn sbpw {]XoXn DmI
cpXv . Cu AhbnemWv tbmKsav ]dbpXv . AXn
\m tbmK\mbn Iw sNpI. tbmK\ncXs
AxIcWw ssZhn Ihmk\Ifn \nIepp. km[
I DZmcI fntesv {]kX A\p`hnpp.
Am\n IfpsS PU{]hrnIfn Ah\v tbmPnn .
Ah Ftmgpw t{ijvTI am{Xta sNpIbp
q.
6. A\t\ymtZzKImcnWo |
arZp ImWn tkhtX |
]m]mZznt`Xn kXXw |
\ N t`mKat]tX |
7. kvt\l {]Wb K`mWn |
t]iem\yp NnXm\n N |
tZiImtem]]m\n |
hN\m\y`n`mjtX ||
8. a\km IWm hmNm |
k\m\p] tkhtX |
bXx IpX nZm\ob |
\nXyw imkv{XmWy t]tX ||
9. XZm f ku {]YamtaImw |
{]m]vtXm `hXn `qanImw |
Ghw hnNmc hm bx kymXv |
kwkmtcmmcWw {]Xn ||
10. k `qanImhm\nXypx |
tijkvXzmcy CXn kvarXx |
hnNmc \mav\oanXcm |
amKtXm tbmK`qanImw ||
PohnI A\ptZzKIcfpw kuay epamb
I sNp p. kZm ]m]w `b s Sp p.
t`mKmt] IqSmsXbncnpp. Ah kvt\l
K`fpw at\mlcfpamb hmpI ]dbp
p. tZiImem\pkrXamtb kwkmcnpIbpq.
a\km hmNm IWm k\kwkw sNpw
kZv{K hmbnpw. kwkmc kmKcw XcWw
sNWsam{Kln ph apv kqNnn Imcy
fn eo\ Nn cm bncn pw. Ahs\ "`qan Im
hm' Fv ]d bpp. hnNmc sa ZznXob`qanI
tbmSpIqSnbhs eWw ]d bmw.
11. {ipXn kvarXn kZmNmc
[mcWm[ym\ IWx |
apJymbm hymJybm JymXm |
{ibXn t{ijvT]nXm ||
12. ]Zm {]hn`mKx |
ImcymImcy hn\nbw |
Pm\mXy[nK X mt\ym |
Krlw Krl]XncyYm ||
13. aZm`n am\amcy
tem` tamlmXnimbnXmw |
_lnc]ymn Xm\ptZmjm
apPyXylncnh XzNx ||
14. Cw `qX ]Xnx imkv{X
Kpcpk\ tkhbm |
k clkyatitjW |
bYmhZ[o KXn ||
{ipXn, kvarXn, kZmNmcw, [mcWw, [ym\w Fnh
bpsS Da hymJymXmsf Abm B{ibn pp.
imkv{Xm\amnpXn\m Ihy \nbw
sNm ka\mIpp. ]Z]Zmhn`mKw icnv a\
nempw. aZm`nam\tamlfpsS B[nIyw Ahs
Nns IepjnX ampIbn . Ah\v Hcp _mlyn
Xnbpv . kw AXns ]pdw N Dt]np Xpt]mse
Ah _mly tZmj Dt]n pp. Cs\ bp
km[ I bYmhn[n imkv {Xw, Kpcp FnhcpsS Ir]bm
kIe Imcyfpw {Klnpp.
I K
N P
364
15. AkwkmZn [ma\zmw |
XrXobmw tbmK `qanImw |
XXx hniXysku Imx |
]pjv]imanhmaemw ||
16. bYmhmimkv {XhmIymt |
aXnam[mb \n emw |
Xm]km{ia hn {imss
c[ymIY{Issax ||
17. inemimk\mkot\m |
PcbXymbpcmXXw |
h\mh\nhn lmtcW |
Nntm]ia tim`n\m ||
18. AkwKkpJkutJy\ |
Imew \bXn \oXnam |
A`ymkmXv km[pimkv {XmWmw |
IcWmXv ]pWyIWmw ||
19. PtmbYmhtZthbw |
hkvXp Zrnx {]koZXn |
XrXobmw `qanImw {]m]y |
_ptm f \p `hXn kzbw ||
tbmKns XrXob `qanI Akw k n {]th
inpsImmWv. imkv{Xfn Fp]dbptm Ah
bn AhnNeamb _pn sNepn Xt]m\njv Tcmb ap\n
amcpsS B{ia fn Xma knv imkv {X NI sNbvXv
]mdpdv InSv AhnsS Ccpv Imew Ignpp. Nn
imn ssIhXn\m \oX m Imn Ignv hnj
bmkn ssIhnv kzm`mhnIambn e`np kpJw A\p
`hnpp. ]pWyIfmepw Daimkv {Xm`ymkw
sImpw bmYmyw ImWm\p PohnIfpsS Zrn kz
ambn Xocpp. Cu XrXob `qanI ssIhm km[I
kzbw _p\mIpw.
20. Zzn{]Imc akwkw |
Xkymt`ZanZw irWp |
Zznhnt[m f bakwkx |
kmam\yx t{ijvT Gh N ||
21. \mlw Im \ t`mm N |
\N _mt[ym \ _m[Ix |
CXykRvP \at f jp kmam\ym
kwK \maIw ||
22. {]\nnXw khaoizcm[o\tah hm
kpJw hm bZn hm ZpxJw |
ssIhm{X Xh IrXm ||
23 t`mKmt`mKm almtcmKmx |
kZx ]cam]Zx |
hntbmKmssbh kwtbmKmx |
B[tbmhy[tbm [nbmw ||
24. Imem Iet\mZypx
kh`mhm\\m cXw |
A\mmtbXn `mhm\mw |
bZ `mhm\amcw ||
25. hmIyme_v[a\kx |
kmamt\ym kmh kwKax |
At\\ {IatbmtK\ |
kwtbmtK\ alm\mw ||
26. \mlw Itizcx Im |
I hm {]m\w aa |
IrXzm ZqcXtc \q\
anXn i_vZm `mh\m |
bt\m\amk\w imw |
XXv t{ijvTmkwK DNytX ||
kmam\ysapw t{ijv Tsapw Akwkw cphn
[apv. Rm Imthm t`mmthm _m[yt\m _m[
It\m Hpa . Cu hn[ n hnjb fnep A\mk
`mhamWv kmam\yw Cu Pn FsmamtWm
\psS apn epXv AsXmw ]qP I ^eamWv .
AXpsImv kpJtam ZpxJtam BIs AXn Rms\p
sNm\mWv? t`mKw tcmKImcWamWv. ssh`h B]p
v ImcWamWv. Fm kwtbmKfpw hntbmKImcnI
fmWv . am\knINnI Am\nIv hym[nv Xpey
amIpp. kIeXpw \inp XmWv . Fsm Ime
Ahsb {Kmkampp. imkvt{Xm]tZi a\n
emnbm Ahbn A\m bpmIpp. a\ n A`m
h`mh\bpw DmIpw. CXmWv kmam\yamb Akwkw.
Rm Imh. Fs ]qhP amWv Imhv . As
n ]cammhmWv Cs\bp NnI \ntjw \inn
Xn\ptijw ssIhcp a\\w, Bk\w, im`mhw Fn
hbmWv DXvIr amb Akwksav ]dbm w.
27. ktmjmtam Za[pcm |
{]YtamtZXn `qanIm |
`qhn t{]mZnX amt{Xm f
carXmpcntIh km ||
28. Gjm ln ]cnarmx
c\ymkm {]ksshI`px |
ZzXobmw N XrXobmw N |
`qanImw {]]v\pbmXx ||
I K
N P
365
29. t{ijvTmkhXmtlyjm |
XrXobm `qanIm{X ln |
`hn t{]mPv QnXm tij
kev]Ie\mw ]qam ||
30. `qanIm{inXbm`ymkm
Zmt\ bam KtX |
kaw kh{X ]iyn |
NXpow `qanImw KXm ||
31. AssZztX sscyambtX |
ssZztX N {]iaw KtX |
]iyn kz]v\htmIw NXpn `qanImw
KXmx ||
32. `qan Im{XnXbw Pm{K
NXpo kz]v\ DNytX
{]Ya `qanI ktmjm\ a[pcambn AxIc Wcq
]nep ]rYzn bn AarXmpcw s]mnpds SpXp
t]mse {]ISambnocpp. Cu `qanI ZriyamIptm
ap `qanIfpw {]ISamIpp. AXn\m Ax IcWw Hcp
t{Xambnocpp. ]ns km[ I\v cmasbpw
aqmasbpw `qanII ssIhcpp. apnepw shv
aqmasXmWv kthm aw. FpsImsm AXv
{]ISa mbngnm kev]n \npmIp
kIe hrnIfpw \inpp. aqp `qanIIfpw A`y
knp km[ I Am\w \inXns\ pSv \mem
as `qan Isb {]thinv kh{X kaZin bmIpp.
B kabv ssZzX`mhw kzbw tem]np t]mI
hn[w AssZzX `mh\ ZrVXcamIpp. Cs\ \memw
`qanIbnsenb km[ I Cu temIs kz]v\sa
tmWw PmKc Wcq]nep XmsWpw \memas `qan
I kz]v \ amsWpw ]dbpp.
33. Nnw Xp icZY{`mwi
hnebw {]hoenbtX |
kXzmhtij GhmkvtX |
]aow `qanImw KXmx ||
34. PKZznIevt]m t\mtZXn Nn{Xkym{X
hntem]\mXv |
]aow `qanImtaXy |
kpjp]vX ]Z\manImw ||
35. imm tijhntijmwi
kvXnjvTXy ssZzXam{XIx |
Kfn X ssZzX\n`mtkm |
apZntXm f x {]t_m[hm ||
36. kpjp]vXa\ GhmkvtX |
]aow `qanImw KXx |
AapJXbm XnjvT |
_lnhrn ]tcm]n k ||
37. ]cn{imXbm \nXyw |
\n{Zmepcnh eytX |
Iph`ymktaXkymw |
`qanImbmw hnhmk\x ||
38. jjvTow Xpcym`n[ma\ymw |
{IamXv ]XXn `qanImw |
b{X \mkk{Zpt]m |
\mlw \m]y\lw IrXnx ||
39. tIhew oWa\\
amkvtX f ssZztX f Xn\n`bx |
\n{Knx imkttlm |
Pohptm hn`mh\x ||
40. A\nhmtWm f ]n\nhmW
n{X Zo] Ch nXx |
jjvTymw `qamhku nXzm |
k]vXaow `qanam]v\pbmXv ||
km[ Is a\v ] `qanI ssIhcptm icXv
Imen taL BImin ebnp Xpt]mse
hnebw {]m]n pp. AtXmsS kXzw am{Xw Ahtijn
pw. Cu Ah bn kmwkmcnI hnIev ] DZnp
n . Cu `qan I tbm Sp IqSn km[ Is kIe t`Z
_pnbpw im ambn Abm AssZz Xm h bn
Fpp. ssZzX`mh\mim kpjp]vX]Zw Fp
t]cp ] `qan Isb B m\nbmb km[ I hi
mpp. Ah _mlyhyhlmc tmSpIqSnb h\msW
nepw AapJ \mbpw kZm oWhs\ tmsebpw Dd
p hs\ tmsebpw ImWsSpw. Cu `qanI knnXn
\ptijw hmk\mc lnX\mb km[I Bdmw `qanIbn
{]thinpp. AhnsS kv, Akv, Almcw, A\
lmcw, a\ \mIhrn CsXmpw Dmhn. Ahs
lrZb{KnI Xpd s Sptm kh ktl \nhr
\mbnocpp. Atm Ah `mhiq\y\mbncnpw.
Ah \nhmW ]Zw {]m]nmsX Xs XmZriamb Ah
bnsen Pohp \mIpp. Atmgs Ah
Nn{XZo]kZriamWv. Cu Bdmw `qanIptijw Ggmw
`qan Ibnsepw.
41. hntZl ap Xm f t{Xmm |
k]vX aotbmK `qanIm |
AKaym hmNkmw imm |
km koam kh`qanjp |
I K
N P
366
42. temIm\ph\w Xyzm |
Xyzm tZlm\ph\w |
imkv{Xm\ph\w Xyzm |
km[ymkm ]\bw Ipcp ||
43. HmwImcam{X aJnew |
hniz{]mmZn eWw |
hmNyhmNIXmt`Zm |
t`tZ\m\p ]e_v[nXx ||
44. AImcam{Xw hnizx kym
ZpImckvssX Pkx kvarXx |
{]mtm aImc CtXyhw |
]cn]tiyXv {ItaW Xp ||
45. kam[nImemXv {]tKh |
hnNnymXn {]bXv\Xx |
qe kqva{IamXv khw |
NnZm\n hntem]tbXv ||
46. NnZmm\w \nXyip
_pZ[ap kZZzbx |
]cam\kwttlm |
hmkptZthmltamanXn ||
47. BZna [ymhkmt\jp |
ZpxJw khanZw bXx |
XkvamXv khw ]cnXyPy |
XXzXnjvtTm `hm\L ||
48. Ahn `ymXnancmXoXw |
khm `mkhnhPnXw |
B\aaew ipw |
at\mhm Nma tKmNcw ||
49. {]m\L\am\w |
{_mkvaoXn hn`mhtbXv |
CXyp]\n jXv
k]v Xa`qanIbn hntZl apnbpsS Ah ssIh
cpp. B `qanI F{Xbpw imamWv hmNmatKmNcamWv .
Fm `qan IIfpsSbpw Anakoabmb ChnsS kh`q
an IIfpw Ahkm\npp. CXn temImNmchpw tZlm
Nm chpw imkv {Xm Nm chpw XyPn s Sp p. hnizw,
{]mw, ssXPkw apX emb cq] fn Cu kq
{]]hpw HmwImcw Xs. AXn hmNyhmNIt`Zan .
t`Zapsn AXv {]m]nm\pw km[ya. HmwImc
ns {]Y aam{X bmb AImcw hnizhpw DImcw ssXP
khpw aImcw {]m hpamIpp. kam[np app Xs
ITn\ {]b Xv\m CXns\ n Nnn Ww. kqvaq
e{Ian khhpw NnZmmhn ebnnWw. NnZm
mhns\ kzkz cq]sap IcpXn Rm XsbmWv
\nXy\pw ip\pw AZznXob\pw ]c am\ab\pw hmkp
tZh\pw {]Whkzcq]\psa p ZrV`mh\tbmsSbncn
Ww. Cu {]]amsI BZna[ym cq]n ZpxJa
bamWv . AXn\m khXymKnbmbn XXzw tXSpI. Rm
B\ cq]\pw \ne\pw {]mL\ \pamb {_ am
sWv NnnWw. CXpXs D]\nj{Zp]amb clkyw.
Ayp ]\n jv kam]n p.
A]qtPm]\njv
1
3
Q
- Hmw. Xky \nn- \w [ym\w. kh- I
\ncmIcW- amhml- \w. kh I \ncmIcW- am
hml- \w. \n- em\amk\w. ktZmapJ- `mhx
]mZyw kZma\kvI aLyw. ko]vXn cmNa\obw
hcm- Ip- X- {]- hrXnx kv \m\w khm- - I- Xz- Zriy
hnetbm Kx ZrizninjvSam\x AXx NnZm
Zo]vXnx ]pjv]w. kqcymIXzw Zo]x ]cn]q
N{marX csskIo-IcWw ss\thZyw. \n- eXzw
{]Zn-Ww. tkml- `mthm \a-kvImcx ]ctaizc
kv XpXn au\w kZm ktmtjm hnkP- \w.
Ghw ]cn]q cmPtbmKn\x khmI ]qtPm
]- Nmcx kymXv. khmIky Bmtemtcm `h
Xn. kh-\ncmab ]cn]qtmlakv ao-Xn. apap
pWmw tamssI knn `hXn.
CXyp-]-\njXv
[ym\w FXv B Bmhns \nccamb Nn\w
XsbmWv. Fm I-fpsSbpw XymKw Bhml-
\sav Adnbs- Spp. ncm\w XsbmWv Bk-
\w. AXns t\tc Ftmgpw DpJ- \mIp- XmWv ]mZyw.
AXn\p t\v a\v XnIpw hym]-cnp- XmWv
ALyw FXv. Ftmgpw Bmcmas Zo]v Xn Xs
I K
N P
367
bmWv BN- a- \o- bamWv . AXns {]m]v Xn Xs
kv \m\hpw. khmIamb Zriy- ns hneb-amWv
Kw F- XpsImptinpXv . Am\ Np
mWv A-Xw. NnXv {]Imiw XsbmWv ]pjv]hpw.
kqcymI XsbmWv Zo]vXw. ]cn]q N{s
AarX ck-ns GIo- IcWamWv ss\thZyw. ncX
bmWv {]ZnWw. "tkmlw' F `mhamWv \akvImcw.
au\w FXv ]ctaizc\p t\p kv XpXn Xs
bmWv. kZm kpjvS\mbncnpIsb-- XmWv hnkP
\w. C{]-Imcw ]cn]q cmPtbmKnbpsS khmI
cq]- amb ]qPbpw D]- Nmchpw khmIXbpw Xs- bmWv
Bmhn\v B[mcamIpXv. Cu `mh\ tamw Cn
p- hcpsS tam-ns knnbmIpp. AXmbXv
km[mcW ]qPsb kw_- nnStmfw [ym\w, Bhm
l\w, Kw, ss\thZyw BZnbmbh Bhiy-apXm
Ipp. AXpt]mse Xs B-]qPbvv Hmtcmmh
iy- amWv. AXmbXv As\sbms sNbvXm am{Xta
Bmhns kapNnXamb ]qPbmIppq.
A]q-tPm]- \njv kam]n-p.
Q
A[ymtm]\njv
1
3
imn ]mTw
Hmw ]q aZx ]q an Zw ]q mXv
]qapZNytX ]qky ]qamZmb ]q
tahm hinjytX
Cu ]c{_w ]qamWv. Cu PKpw ]qam
Wv . Cu ]q {_n \npw ]q PKv Dev ]
amIpp. Cu ]q {_n\npw ]qPKv
FSpmepw ]q {_w Xs Ahtijnpp.
lcn Hmw Ax icotc \nlntXm KplmbmaP
GtIm ln \nXyaky ]rYnho icocw bx ]rYnho
atc k c\yw ]rYnho \ thZ bkym]x
icocw tbm At]m f tc k c\y amt]m \
hnZpx bky tXPx icocw bkv tX tPm f tc
kc\yw tXtPm \ thZx bky hmbpx icocw
tbm hmbpatc kc\yw hmbp\ thZ b
kymImi icocw bBImix atc kc\yam
Imtim \thZ bky a\x icocw tbm at\m f
tc kc\yw at\m \ thZ bky _pnx
icocw tbm _pn atc kc\yw _pn\
thZ bkymlmcx icocw tbm f lwImca tc
kc\yw Almtcm \ thZ. bkyky Nnw
icocw bnatc kc\yw Nnw \ thZ
bkym hyw icocw tbmhy a tc kc
\yahyw \ thZ bkymcw icocw tbm f
catc kc\yacw \ thZ | bky arXyp
icocw tbm arXyp a tc k c\yw arXyp\
thZ k Gj kh`qXmcmm f ]lX]m]vam
Znthym tZh GtIm \mcmbWx
1. Alw ataXn tbm `mthm I
tZlmm`mh\m\n I
A[ymtkmbw \nckvXthym I
hnZqjm {_\njvTbm II
lcn Hmw icoc ns Dn lrZb Klzc n P\
\anm Hv \nXyw hkn pp. AXns icocw ]rYzn
bmWv. AXv ]rYznpn hknppshnepw ]rYzn
AX dnbpn . Pew AXns icocamWv. AXv Pen\p
n hknppshnepw Pew AXdnbpn. AXns
icocw tXP mWv. AXv tXP n \pn hknppsh
nepw tXPv AXdnbpn. AXns icocw hmbphm
Wv . AXv hmbphn\pn Xma knppshnepw hmbp
AXv Adnbpn. BImiw AXns icoc amWv. AXv
BImin \pn hknppshnepw BImiw AX
dnbpn. AXns icocw a\mWv. AXv a\n\pn
emWv hknpsXnepw a\v AXdnbpn. _pn
AXns icoc amWv . AXv _pnpn hknppsh
nepw _pn AXns\ Adn bpn. AXns icocw Al
mcamWv. AXv Almcn\pn emWv hknpsX
nepw Al mcw AXv Adn bpn. Nnw AXns ico
camWv. AXv Nnn\pnemsWnepw Nnw AX dn
bpn. AXns icocw AhyamWv. AXv Ahy
I K
N P
368
ns DnemWv hknp sXnepw Ahyw AXns\
Adnbpn. AXns icocw A camWv. AXv Ac
n\pnemWv hknp sXnepw Acw AX dnbpn
. AXns icocw arXyphmWv . AXv arXyphnpn emWv
hknpsXnepw arXyp AXns\ Adnbpn. AXp
Xs bmWv CmWp kh`qX fpsSbpw A cmm
hv . AXns ]m] \inp t]mbncnpp. AXpXs
GI\pw Znhy\pamb \mcmb W. tZtl {nbmZn A\m
]Zmfpw AXn\pap]cn Rms\pw FtXv Fpw
D `mhhpw Dv . AXv {`aw am{Xw. AXpsImv Adn
hph {_ \njvTbm Cu A[ymkw AIsebm
Ww.
2. mXzm Xw {]XyKmm\w I
_pn XZv hrnkmnWw I
tkmlantXyh XZv hrXym I
kzm\y{XmaXnw XytPXv II
3. temIm\ph\w Xyzm I
Xyzm tZlm\ph\w I
imkv{Xm\ph\w Xrzm I
kzm[ymkm]\bw Ipcp II
4. kzmt\yh kZm nXzm
at\m \iyXn tbmKn\x I
bpym {ipXzm kzm\p`qXym I
mXzm khmyam\x II
5. \n{Zmbmx temIhmmbm I
i_vZmtZcm hnkvartXx I
IzNnmhkcw ZXzm I
Nnbmm\am\n II
{]XyKmmhmWv kzbw _pnpw AXns hrnpw
kmn Fdnv AXv Rm\mWv F NntbmsS
Xms\mgnsI asm ]Zmsfbpw Dt]npI.
temIm\ph\hpw tZlm\ph\hpw imkv{Xm\p
h\hpw XyPnv Bmhnep A[ymkhpw Dt]n
pI. BnX\mbn bpn, {ihWw, kzm\p`qXn
Fnh aptJ\ kzbw kIeXnsbpw Bcq]amsW
dnp Ignbptm tbmKnbpsS a\v \inpp. Dd
w, temIhm I, i_vZmZn hnjb Bhnkv X
cWw Fnhv HcnSpw CSw \ImsX Bmhn
Xs Bmhns\ hnNn\w sNpI.
6. amXm]ntXma temZv`qXm I
aeamwkabw h]px I
Xyzm NmehnXvZqcw I
{_`qb IrXo`h II
7. LSmImiw almImi I
Chmm\w NnZm\n
hnem]ymJ`mth\ I
XqjvWow `h kZm apt\ II
8. kz{]Imia[njv Tm\w I
kzbw `qb kZm\m I
{_ma]n ]nmw I
XyPyXmw ae`mhXv II
9. NnZm\n kZm\t I
tZlcqVmalw [nbw I
\nthiyenw KaprPy
tIhtem `h khZm II
10. bss{Xj PKZm`mtkm I
ZWm]pcw bYm I
XZv {_mlanXnmXzm I
IrXIrtXym`hm \L
Cu icocw amXm]nXm mcpsS aen \np Dm
bn pXpw aeamwkab hpamWv AXn\m AXns\
Nmfs\ tme IcpXn {_kzcq]\pw IrXIrXy\p
ambn `hnpI. altj, almImin LSmImisa
t]mse ]c ammhn Bmhns\ ebn nv AJ `m
htmsS aqI\mbncnpI. kzbw {]Imim Ihpw A[n
jvTm\ {_cq]hpambn Xov {_msbpw
]nmsbpw ae]m{Xsa t]mse ]cnXyPnt
XmWv . icocn cqVaqeamb Al mc _pnsb kZm
B\ cq]amb NnZmmhn Ddnv enwKicocw XyPnv
kZm tIhemkzcq]\mbn `hnpI. A\L, ImSn
bn Hcp \Kcw ImWs Sp Xpt]mse GsXmnemtWm
Cu PKns {]XoXnbpmIpXv B {_w Rm
Xs bmWv. Fp a\nemn \o IrXIr Xy\mbn `hn
mepw.
11. Almc {Klmpx I
kzcq] ap ]]ZytX I
N{hZznaex ]qx I
kZm\x kzbw {]`x II
12. {Inbm\mti `thnm I
\mtim f kvamZv hmk\ bx I
hmk\m{]bmtmx I
km PohpncpNytX II
13. kh{X khXx kh
{_ am{XmhtemI\w I
I K
N P
369
kZv `mh`mh\mZmVymZv I
hmk\mebaiv\ptX II
14. {]amtZm {_\njvTmbmw I
\ Ihyx IZmN\ I
{]mtamtZm arXypcnXymlp I
hnZymbmw {_hmZn\ II
15. bYm]Irw ssihmew I
Wam{Xw \ XnjvTXn
BhrtWmXn XYm ambm I
{]mw hm]n ]cmMvapJw II
B kzcq]w {]m]nphm Almcn \nv
hnap \mb hynp am{Xta km[npIbpq. AXn\p
tijw N{ s\ tmWw \ne\mbn kZm B\kz cq]
n kzbw {]IminX\mbnocpp. {Iobm\min
Nnm\mihpw Nnm\min hmk\m\mihpw DmIp
p. hmk\m\miw Xs tamw. AXp Xs bmWv Poh
pn, kh{X kIe`mKpw Fmns\bpw tIhe{_
kzcq]ambn ImWpI Fp kZv`mh\ ZrVambno
cptm hmk\m\miw kw`hnpp. {_\n jvTbn
Hcp ImcWhimepw {]amZw ImWn cpXv. FpsIms
m AXp Xs bmWv acWw Fv thZmn I ]dbp
p. ]mb shn \nv Aev]w sXn amdnbmepw
AXv hopw shs BhcWw sNmXncnpn.
AXpt]mse _pnam\mb hynbpw {_\njvTbn
\nv sXnamdnbm amb Ahs\ BhcWw sNmXn cn
p Ibn .
16. PohtXm bky ssIheywI
hntZtlm f ]n k tIhex I
kam[n \njvTXmtaXy I
\nhnIevt]m `hm\L II
17. Am\lrZb {Kt
\nxtijhnebkvXZm I
kam[n\m hnIevt]\ I
bZmssZzXmZi\w II
18. X{XmXzw ZrVoIph\ I
AamZnjp kwXyP I
DZmko\ Xbm tXjp I
XnjvtTXv LS]SmZnhXv II
19. {_mZnkvXw_ ]cyw I
arjmam{Xm D]m[bx I
XXx ]qw kzamm\w I
]tiytZIm\m nXx II
20. kzbw {_m kzbw hnjvWpx I
kzban{x kzbw inhx I
kzbw hnizanZw khw I
kzkvamZ\yw \ In\ II
Bv Pohnncnptm Xs ssIheyw e`nm
Ignbptm Ah tZl clnX\mbnoXn\p tijhpw
{_kz cq]\mbnocpw. AXn\m A\ L, \o kam[n\n
jv T\mbn hnIev] cloX \mbn`hnpI. \nhn Iev] kam
[nbm BZi\w km[nm lrZb nse Am\
{Kn I Apt]mIpp. Bmhn B `mhw Dd nv
AlmcmZnIfnep B `mhw shSnbpI. hkv{Xw, ]m{Xw,
apXemb hbn DZmko\ `mhw hlnpXpt]mse Xs
AlmcmZnIfnepw DZmko\ `mhtmsS PohnWw.
{_w apX ]psmSn hscbp Fm D]m[n Ifpw
anYybmWv . AXn\m kzcq]n nXnsNp ]q
amb Bmhn s\ Xs kI ebnSpw Zin Ww.
{_mhpw hnjv Wphpw C{\pw inh\pw PKpw F
Cu ImWp kIeXpw Rm Xs. Fn \npw `n
ambn Hpan F NnmKXn DmIWw.
21. kzmXymtcm]nXmtijm I
`mk hkvXp\ncmkXx I
kzbtah ]cw {_ I
]qaZz ba{Inbw II
22. AkXv Ievt]m hnIevt]mbw I
hniz antXyIhkvXp\m I
\nhnImtc \ncmImtc I
\nhntitj `nZm IpXx II
23. ZrZi\ ZriymZn
`mhiqt\y \ncmatb I
Iev]mh ChmXyw I
]cn]qt NnZm\m II
24. tXPkoh Xtam b{X I
hneo\w {`mn ImcWw I
AZznXotb ]tc XtXz I
\nhntij `nZmIpXx II
25. GImtI ]tc XtXz I
t`ZIm IYw htkXv I
kpjp]vXu kpJam{Xmbmw I
t`Zx I\mhtemInXx II
kzIob amb Bmhn Xs kIe hkvXpfp
sSbpw {]XoXn tIhew Btcm]nXamIpp. AXv ZpcoIcn
m kzbw ]qhpw AssZzXhpw {Inbmiq\yhpamb
]c {_ amIm km[npw. Htc B cq]nep hkvXp
I K
N P
370
hn PK{Zq]amb hnIev]w tXmpXv anYybmWv . Fs
m \nhn Imchpw \ncmImchpw Ahbhc ln X hpamb
hkvXphn F s\ bmWv t`Zw kw`hnpI? NnZmmhv
{Zmhv Zi\w Zriyw Fo `mhfn mXpw \ntm
jhpw {]fb kap{Zw t]mse ]cn]qhpamWXv. BIm
in A Imcw hnebw {]m]np Xpt]mse ]c a X
Xzn {`ans ImcWw hnebw {]m]npp. AXv
Ahb hc lnXamWv AXn\m AXn Fs\ t`Zw Dm
Im\mWv? kpjp]vXnkpJcq]amWv. AXn Bcv t`Zw
ImWpp?
26. Nnaqtem hnIevt]mbw I
Nnm`mth \I\ I
AXnw klmt[ln I
{]Xy{Kqt] ]cm\n II
27. AJm\amm\w I
hnmb kzkzcq]Xx I
_lncx kZm\ I
ckmkzmZ\am\n II
28. sshcmKyky ^ew t_mt[m I
t_m[tkym]cXnx ^ew I
kzm\m\p`hmXv imn I
tcssjthm]ctX ^ew II
29. bZyptcmcm`mth I
]qhcq]w Xp \njv^ew I
\nhrnx ]cam Xr]vXn I
cm\tm f \p]axkzXx II
30. amtbm]m[n PKtZym\nx I
khXzmZneWx I
]mtcmyi_ex kXym
ZymIkvXZv ]Zm`n[x II
NnamWv Cu hnIev]n\v aqeImcWw. Nnan
sn bmsXmcp hn[ hnev ]hpan. AXn\m \o {]Xy
Kvkzcq]amb ]c ammhn Nns GIm{KampI.
AJm\ kzcq]amb Bmhv kzkzcq]amsW
dnv Cu Bmhn Xs _mlym`yc ambn Ftmgpw
B\c kamkzZnpI. sshcmKyns ^ew m\hpw
m\ ns ^ew D]c XnbpamWv. Bm\ \p`qXn
bm knn p imnbmWv D]c XnbpsS ^ew apn
kqNnnhbn Dtcm cambn Hpansn BZy
hkvXp\njv^eamWv. hnjb fn \nv hnapn t\Sp
XnemWv ]caXr]vXn Bm\w Aap]aamIpp. amtbm
]m[n tbmSpIqSnbXpw PKns Dev] nm\hpw
khmXzmZn eWbpnhpw ]mtcmy i_fhpw
kXymZnkzcq]hpamb ]cammhp XsbmWv XXv
F i_vZm AdnbsSp Xv.
31. Bew_\ Xbm `mXn I
tbm f kvaXv {]Xybi_vZtbmx I
AxIc Wkw`n
t_m[x kXyw ]Zm`n[x II
32. ambmhntZy hnlmssbh I
D]m[n]cPohtbmx I
AJw knZm\w I
]cw {_ hneytX II
33. Cw hmssIykvXYmm \p
km\w {ihWw `thXv I
bpym kw`mhnXXzm\p
km\mw a\\w Xp XXv II
34. Xm`ymw \nhnNnIntyt I
tNXkx m]nXky bXv I
GIXm\XztaXn I
\nZn[ymk\apNytX II
35. [ymXr[ymt\ ]cnXyPy I
{IamXv t[yssbI tKmNcw I
\nhmXZo]hnw I
kam[nc`n[obtX I
Xs kw_np A\p`hhpw i_vZm{ibhpw
AxIcW kw`n m\ tmSpIqSnbXpamb Pohs\
"Xzw' F \nebn hn s Sp ]c ammhn\v "amb'
Fpw Poh\v "AhnZy' Fpw cv D]m[nIfpv. Ch
ssIhnm AJ knZm\ abm ]c{_w eoIcn
pw. Cs\ XXv Xzakn Fo hmIyfm Poh{_
ssIycq]nep Advw A\pkm\w sNp
XmWv {iWw. tIXns Aw bpn ]qw Nnnp
XmWv a\\w. {ihWa\\ fm kwibc lnXambn
knn An Nnw m]n pdnpXmWv
\nZn[ymk\w. [ymXmhn s\bpw [ym\sbpw Dt]nv
Nnw tIhew t[ybs s hnjbcq]ambn IcpX
Ww. ]ns Imnm m\v m]n Zo]w t]mse
\n ambncnWw. AXv kam[nbmWv.
36. hrbkvXp XZm\oa I
]ymXm BtKmNcm I
kvacWmZ\paobt I
hyn Xky kapnXm II
37. A\mZmhnl kwkmtc I
knXm I tImSbx I
At\\ hnebw bmn I
iptm [tm hnhtX II
I K
N P
371
38. [ taLanaw {]mlp I
kam[nx tbmKhnax I
hjtXyj bYm [m I
arX [mcm kl{kix II
39. Aap\m hmk\mPmte I
\nxtijw {]hneobtX I
kaqtemqentXm ]pWy I
]m]mtJy Iktb II
40. hmIya{]Xn_w kXv I
{]mIv ]tcmmhZmktX I
IcmaeIhXv t_m[ I
a]tcmw {]kqbtX II
kam[n bn hrnI B cq]hnbpfmWv.
AXpsImv Hpw tXmpn. Fm kam[nbn
\npW hynbpsS Dm]nXhrnI kvacW
sImv A\pam\nmw. Cu A\mZn{]]n tImSn
Wn\v I knX amWv. Fm Cu kam[n
aptJ\ Ahsbmw \ ambntmIpp. ip[
hnpp. Da tbmKthm kam[nsb [
taLsav ]d bpp. ImcWw AXv taLsatmWw
At\Iw kl{kw [mcItfmsS hjnpp. kam[nbn
hmk\mkaql ]qambpw hnebw {]m]npp.
]m]]pWyIkaql \innsSptm B
Xz akn F hmIyw BZyw ]tcmm\ cq]n
{]Iminpp. ]ns ssIbnse s\nsbtmse
\njv {]bmkw A]tcm m\w e`npp.
41. hmk\m\pZtbm t`mtKy I
sshcmKyky XZmh[n I
Alw`mthmZbm `mthm I
t_m[ky ]camh[nx II
42. eo\hrt c\pev ]n I
acymtZm]ctXkvXp km I
nX {]tm bXncbw I
bx kZm\ aiv\ptX II
43. {_tWyh hneo\mm I
\nhnImtcm hn\njv{Inbx II
44. \nhnIev]m N Nnm{X
hrnx {]tXn IYytX I
km khZm `thZyky k I
Pohp CjytX II
45. tZtl {ntbjz lw`mhx I
CZw`mhkvX Z\ytI I
bky t\m `hXx Izm]n I
k Pohpx DNytX II
t`mKy]Zm fn Xmev]cyw DmIcpXv. As\
Xmev]cyw DmImXn cpm sshcmKyambn. Alw`mhw
DmIm ]mSn. Alw`mhw XoscbnmXmbm AXv
m\ns ]cm ImjvTbmWv . AXpt]mse ebw
{]m]n hrnI hopw DmIcpXv. AXv D]cXnbpsS
Ah[nbmWv . As\ nX{] \mb bXn B\ a\p
`hnpp. {_n a\v ebnh \nhnImc\pw
\njv {Inb \pambncn pw. {_hpw Poh\pw tim[n sv
cnsbpw GIo`mhn eo\ amb hrnhnIev] cln
Xhpw ssNX\ycq]hpamIpp. Atm AXv {] Fv
]db sSpp. BcnemtWm Cu {] khZm DXv
Ah Pohp\mWv. tZtl {nbmZnIfn Alw`mh
an m h\pw CX msX A\y]Zmfn CXv Fs
XmWv F `mhanm h\pw Pohp \mIpp.
46. \ {]XyKv {_tWm t`Zw I
IZm]n {_ktbmx I
{]bm tbm hnPm\mXn I
k Pohp CjytX II
47. km[p`nx ]qPyamt\ f kv an I
]oUyamt\ f ]n ZpPss\x I
ka`mthm `thZyky I
k Pohp CjytX II
48. hnmX {_ XXzky I
bYm]qhw \ kwkrXnx I
AkvXn tN k hnmXx I
{_ `mthm _ln apJx II
49. kpJmZy\p`thm bmh I
mhXv {]mc_v[anjytX I
^temZbx {Inbm]qthm I
\njv{Intbm \ln Ip{XNnXv II
50. Alw {_tXn hnm\mXv
Iev]tImSn iXmnXw I
knXw hnebw bmXn I
{]t_m[mXv kz]v\IhXv II
Pohm]camm HmsWpw {_ n\p
krnpw Xn t`Zan spw _pnsImv Adnbp
h\mWv Pohp. k\MAM ]qPn mepw ZpP
I K
N P
372
\ ]oUn n mepw kZm kIetcmSpw ka`mh\
]pep h\mWv Pohp. {_ XXzw {Klnhs
Zrnbn {]]w app IXpt]mseb ImWsSp
I. Ah appIXpt]mse Xs bmWv {]]w ImWp
sX n Ah {_`mhw Adnnn. tIhew
_lnapJ\mWh. kpJmZy\p`qXnI DnS tmfw
{]mc_v[ Ihpw Dv. ImcWw Hmtcm ^temZbhpw kw`
hn pXv {Inbm]qhamWv. {Inb IqSmsX ^ean.
DWXn\ptijw kz]v \nse {Inb Ahkm\np
Xpt]mse ""Rm {_amWv. F t_m[w P\npIgn
m tImSn Wn\v PwsImv Bn knX
Ifpw \in pt]mIpp.
51. kza kwKapZmko\w I
]cnmb \t`m bYm I
\ njytX bXnx InnXv I
IZmNnXv `mhn I`nx II
52. \ \t`m LStbmtK\ I
kpcmKt\ en]ytX I
XYm f tm]m[n tbmtK\ I
Xtm ss\h en]ytX II
53. mt\mZbm Xv]pcmc_v[w I
I m\m\n \iyXn I
AZXzm kz^ew ey I
apn tiymr _WhXv II
54. hym{Lm_pym hn\naptm
_mWx]mp tKmaXu I
\ XnjvTXn `n\tXyh I
eyw thtK\ \n`cw II
55. APtcmkvaya tcmkvaoXn I
b Bm\w {]]ZytX I
XZm\m XnjvTtXmky IpXx I
{]mc _v [Iev ]\m II
Xm BImisatmWw AkwK\msWv \t]mse
{Klnv tbmKn `mhn I fn Aev]hpw en]vX\mIp
n. aZyIpw`n ImWsSp BImiw aZyK
m en]v XamIpn. AXpt]mse D]m[n tbmKm
Bmhv AXns [ fm en]v X\mIn. eyw ap
\nn hn _mWw eyw t`Zn pw. AXp t]mse
mt\mZbn\p apv sN s I mt\mZ
b n\ptijw ^ew \Ipw. sNbvX Xns ^ew Fm
bmepw A\p`hnWw. m\w sImv I\miw kw`
hnpn. ISphsb Dtinv Ab Av ]iphn emWv
sImsXv t_m[yw hmepw XSbm km[ya. _mWw
eyw XIpw, AXp t]mse sN s Iw
mt\mZb n\ptijhpw ^ew \Ipp. Rm AP
c\mWv , Rm Aac \mWv , F \ne ssIh h B
cq]\mIpp. Ah\v {]mc_v[ I kev] Fhn
sSbmWv? m\nv {]mc_v[ Ifpambn _w C
Xs.
56. {]mc_v[w knyXn XZm I
bZv tZlm\m nXnx I
tZlm`mthm ss\thw I
{]mc_v[w XyPyXmaXx II
57. {]mc_v[ Iev]\m]yky I
tZhky {`mntch ln II
58. A[ykvXky IpXkvXXz I
akXyky IptXmP\nx I
APmXky IptXm \mix I
{]c_v[akXx IpXx II
59. mt\\ m\Imcyky I
kaqeky etbm bZn I
XnjvTXybw IYw tZl I
CXn ihtXm PUm II
{]mc_v [w DmbncnpXv tZln B _pn
bp tmfmWv . Fm icoc n B `mhw kev ]n
pI Hcnepw {]nba. AXn\m tZlnse B
_pn XyPnv {]mc _v[ Iw XyPnpI. tZl{`mn Pohn
IfpsS {]mc_v[ Ikev ]w am{XamWv . Fm {`mn
bm kn sXv kXyamIp sXs\? kXyam
Xn\v P sahnsS? P anm Xn\v \misahnsS? Cs\
Akpw AhkvXp cq]hpw Bb Hn\v Fhn sSbmWv
{]mc_v[ Iw? icocw Am\ ImcyamWv? m\
m AXv kaqew \ ambm ]ns tZl ns \ne
\nsv? Cns\ kwibn p m\n Iv kam
[m\ ambnp {ipXn _mlyZrym {]mc _v[s n {]kvXm
hnn pv .
60. kam[mXpw _mlyZrym I
{]mc_v[w hZXn{ipXnx I
\Xp tZlmZn kXyXz I
t_m[\mb hn]nXmw II
61. ]cn]qa\mZy I
a{]taba hn{Inbw I
kZvL\w NnZvL\w \nXy I
am\ L\ahybw II
62. \n KpWw \njv{Inbw kqvaw I
\nhnIev]w \ncRvP\w I
I K
N P
373
AXncq]ykzcq]w b
at\m hmNm atKmNcw II
63. kXv karw kzXx knw I
ipw _p at\m Zriw I
GItahmZzbw {_ I
t\l \m\mkvXn In\ II
64. kzm\p`qXym kzbw mXzm I
kzamm\a JnXw I
kknx kkpJw XnjvT I
\nhnIev]m\m\n II
65. Iz KXw tI\ hm \oXw I
Ip{X eo\anZw PKXv I
A[pss\h abm Zrw I
\mkvXn Inw alZZv`pXw II
66. Inw tlbw Inap]mtZbw I
Ina\yXv Inw hneWw I
AJm\ ]o bp j
]q {_ almth
_mlyZrym tZlmZnI kXyamWv Fv m\n
Isf Xr]vXnsSpm ]dbpp. hmkvXhn ]cn
]qhpw A\mZyhpw A{]tabhpw Ahn{Ibhpw
kZvL\hpw NnZvL\hpw \nXyhpw B\ L\hpw Ahy
bhpw GIckhpw ]qhpw A\hpw khtXmap
Jhpw Atlbhpw A\p]mtZbhpw A\mt[bhpw A\m
{ibhpw \nKpWhpw \njv{In bhpw kqv ahpw BWv
{_w. Cs\ kzm\p`qXnbn kzbw kzmmhns\
AJnXsap IcpXn knn {]m]nv \nhnIev] kzcq
]amb Bmhn kpJ ]qhw nXn sNp Kpcphns
D]tZiw tIv injy m\nbmbnov ]dp. Cu
temIs Rm Ctm IXmWv. AXv FhnsStmbn?
AXns\ Bsc Spp? AsXs\ hnebw {]m]np? AXn
msX t]mbXv ApXw Xs. AJ amb B\ marX
m ]q amb Cu {_am Ip kap{Zn F\nv
FmWv XyPnm\pXv? FmWv kzoIcn m\pXv
thsdmWpXv? hne Wambnp sXmWv?
68. \ InnZ{X ]iyman I
\ irtWman \thZvaylw I
kzmss\h kZm\ I
cqt]Wmkvan kzeWx II
69. AkwtKm f la\w tKm f l
aenwtKm f l alw lcnx I
{]imtm f la\tmlw I
]cn]q nc\x II
70. AIm f la t`mml
ahnImtcm f lahybx I
iptm t_m[ kzcqt]m f lw I
tIhtem f lw kZminhx II
71. GXmw hnZymw A]mcXamb ZZu. A]mc
Xtam {_tW ZZu. {_mtLmcmwKnctk ZZu.
tLmcmwKncmx sscIzmb ZZu. ssctIzmcmamb ZZu.
cmax ktht`ymx `qtXt`ym ZZmhntXyXnhmWm
\pimk\w thZm\pimk\w thZm\pimk\anXyp
]\n jv .
Rm ChnsS Hpw Adnbpn. tIpn.
ImcWw Rm kZm B\ kz cq]amb kzm cq]n
XsbmWv Rm kzbw kzeWbpX\mWv. Rm
AkwK\pw Aicoc\pw AenwK\pw lcnbpamWv Rm
F{Xbpw im\pw A\\pw Nnc\ \pamWv. Rm
Imh. t`mmh. Rm \nhnImc\pw Ahn\m
inbpw ip\pw m\kzcq]\pamIpp. Rm tIhew
kZmin h\mWv . Cu hnZy Kpcp injy\mb A]mc X a\v
sImSpp. A]mc Xa {_mhn\pw {_mhv tLmcmw
Kncn\pw tLmcmwKncv sscIz\pw sscIz cma\pw cma
kakvX {]mWnIpw \In. As\ CXv \nhmWm
\pimk\ amWv. thZm\pimk\ amWv , thZm\pimk\ amWv.
Aymtm]\njv kam]np.
Q
I K
N P
374
AZzbXmctIm]\njv
3
1
imn ]mTw
Hmw. ]q-aZx ]q-anZw ]qmXv ]q-
apZNyptX. ]qky ]q-amZmb ]q-ta-hmh
injytX Hmw imnx imnx imnx
Cu ]c{_w ]q-amWv. Cu {]]w ]q- am
Wv. ]q-{_- n \npw ]q-{]]w Dmbn.
]q- n \nv ]qs FSpmepw ]qw Xs
Ahti- jnpp. Hmw imnx imnx imnx
1. AYm tXm Zzb XmctIm]- \njZw
hymJymkymtam bXtb PntX-{nbmb iaZ
amZn jUv KpW-]qmb.
2. NnXv kzcqt]m lanXn kZm `mhbv kayMv
\nao- en- Xmx Inn-Zp- o- en- Xmtm hm
ZrjvSym {`qZl- cmZp]co knZm\ tXPx IpS
cq]w ]cw {_htemIbw kvX{Zpt]m `hXn.
3. K`P- PcmaW kwkmcalZv `bmXv kwXmc
bXn XXvkm XmcI-anXn. Pothizcu ambnIu
hn mb kh- hn - tijw t\Xn t\XoXn
hnlmb bZhinjytX XZZzbw {_.
4. Xssy ey {Xbm\p km\x Ihyx
A\cw AZzbXmctIm]- \nj- ns\n hni-ZoI
cnmw. AXv PntX{nbmcpw iaZamZn jUvKpW- bp
cpambnp kw\ymknIv thnbp-XmWv. Ip
I AStm ]IpXn AStm B-cZrjvSnsImv ]pcn
Iv apIfnep m\v "Rm NnXvkzcq]- \mWv '
Fv \nccw NnnpsImv knZm\ tXPx kzcq
]-amb ]c-{_-s Zinm X{Zq]w e`npp.
GsXmcp a{w K`P PcmacW kwkmcmZn alm]m]
-fn \npw XcWw sNnnpXv AXv XmcI{_-
sav ]d- b-s- Spp. Pothizcm ambnIamsW- -
dnv ap- sXmw "t\Xn' "t\Xn' Fp ]d-psImv
tijnp- sXmtWm AXmWv {_w. AZzb {_
knnp aqp ey- A\pk- m\w sNt- -
Xpv.
5. tZl- at[y {_\mUo kpjpav\m kqcycq]nWo
]q N{m`m htX. km Xp aqem-[mcmZm
c`y {_- c{ Kman\o `h- Xn. Xt[y XSnXv
tImSn - k- am\ Imym ar Wm- f- kq - { X- hXv
kqvamwKo IpWvUen\oXn {]knmkvXn. Xmw
Zrjv Szm a\- sskh \cx kh- ]m- hn- ]- \m- i- Zzmc
aptm `h-Xn. ^mtem[z Kf-e- emS hnti-j-a-
WvUte \nccw tXPkvXmcItbmK hnkv^pc
tW\ ]iyXn tNXv kntm `h- Xn. XP- \y-
t{Kmao- enX I c{- Zztb X{X- ^qXv Imc
i_vtZm Pmb-tX. X{XntX a\kn Np a[y-
KX \oetPymXnx ew hntemIym ZrjvSym
\ncXnib kpJw {]m]vt\mXn. Ghw lrZtb ]i
A-b-Xn. Ghaq eWw apapp `ncq-]mkyw.
tZlns a[yn kpjpav\ F {_\mUn
]q- N-{s\tmWw {]Imi-bp-ambn nXnsNp
p. AXv aqem[mcn \nmcw`nv {_c{w hsc
t]mIpp. Cu \mUnbpsS a[yn tImSn an ]nW-
cn\p Xpey-ambn ImntbmSp IqSnbXpw Xmac hfbw
t]mse kqvahpamb {]i- kvXamb IpWvUen\o in
nXnsNpp. a\km AXv Zinm a\pjy ]m]-
hnap\mbn Xocpp. s\nbpsS apIfn Hcp hnti- j-
aWv Uen kv^pcnpsImncnp tXPns\ Xmc
ItbmKkv^pcWm Im Ah kn\mbno-
cpw. cp sNhnbpsS Zzmcfpw Nqphncens A{Kw
sImv ASm Hcp ^pXvImci_v Zw tImw. AXn
a\pd- npw IpIfpsS a[y-nep \oe tPymXn
m\s AZrjv Sym ImWp ]w At
As kpJw e`npp. A{]- Imcw lrZb-n Zin
m Ignbpw C- s\bp Ae- Ws tamw
Cnph D]mkntXmWv .
6. AY _lney eWw \mknImt{K-NXp`nx
jUv `ncjvS`n Zi`n ZzmZi`n: {IamZw Kpemt
\oeZypXn iymaXz kZrKv c `wKo-kv^pcXv ]oX
iph Ztbm t]X thymab- Zn]- iyXn k Xp
tbmKn `hXn. Ne-ZrjvSym thyma`mK honXpx
]pcpjky ZrjvSyt{K tPymXnabqJmx ht.
Xit\\ tbmKo `hXn. X]vX Im\ kmi
tPymXnabpJm A]mw Kmt `qau hm ]iy- Xn.
XZvZrjvSnx ncm `hXn. iotjm ]cn ZzmZimw
Kpe kao- n - Xp- c- ar- XXzw `h- Xn . b{X Ip{X
kvYnXky inckn thyma tPymXn ZrjvSw tNXv
kXptbmKo `hXn.
_mly e-W- -sfn ]d-bpp. aqns A{K-
`mK-p\npw bYm{Iaw \mev, Bdv, Fv, ]v, ]{v
AwKpew AIen Idppw \oebpw hw t]mep
Xpw Npa hns \ndw IeXpw AtXmsSmw
a, shfpv Cu \ndw tXmnpXpamb {]Imiw
I K
N P
375
BImi- n ImWp- h tbmKnbmbno-cpw. N-e
ZrjvSym BImi-pt\mn-bm {]Imi-In-c-W
ImWmw. AXp ImWp- h tbmKnbmIpw. ZrjvSnbpsS
A{K- `mKv Npp]gpn kz- ns\m tPymXna
bqJ ImWptm B ZrjvSn ncamIpp. Xebvv
apIfn ]{wKpew AsIe tPymXnns\ ImWp-
h AarXXzw {]m]npp. FhnsS \nmepw sImmw.
Xebvp apIfn thymatPymXnp ImWp-h tbmKn
bmbn `hnpp.
7. AY a[y ey- e- - Ww. {]mXn {XmZn
hm JWvU kqcyN{IhZv hn Pzmem heo-
h Zznlo-\m--co--a-Xv. ]iyXn XZmImcmIm
cnXbm AhXjvTXn. XXv `qtbm Zit\\ KpW-
clnXmImiw `hXn. hnkv^pcmcImImc kwZo-
]yam\mKmV Xtam]aw ]camImiw `hXn. Imem
\ekatZymXam\w almImiw `hXn. kthmXvIr
jv S]- c-aZypXn {]tZymXam\w XXzm-Imiw `h-Xn.
tImSnkqcy{]Imi ssh`h kmiw kqcymImiw
`hXn. Ghw _mlym- `y- - c- - thyma ]Iw
XmcI eyw. Xio hnap^-ekv XmZrKvthyma
kamt\m `h-Xn. Xkvam-m-cI Gh ey aa
\kv I ^e- {]Zw `h- Xn . Xm- cIw Zz n hn [w
]qhm[ XmcIw Dcm[w AW- \kvIc tNXn.
XtZj tmtIm `hXn.
8. XtZymKw NZzn[m hnn]qthmcw hn[m\Xx
]qhw Xp XmcIw hnZym Z a\kvIw XZpcan-
Xn.
a[y-ey e-W- {]`m-XImev Nn{XmZn
hbpamb AJWvU kqcy N{Iw t]msebpw
An Pzmet]msebpw AhbnmsX BImi- n\p Xpey
ambpw ImW- s- Spw. B `mhn ncambn \nevmw.
AXns Ii-\m hopw \nKpWmImcambn Xocp
p. Xnfp \{Xw t]mse {]IminXhpw {]`mX
nse Ccppt]msebpamWv NcamImiw. almImi-amIs
Imem\es\mw {]Imi-am\amWv. XXzmImiw DXvIrjvS
{]Im-iamXpw {]J-c-tPymXnv tN-Xp-amIp- p.
kqcymImiw tImSm\ptImSn kqcy- mcpsS {]Imi- n\v
Xpey-amWv. Cs\ ]pdpw AIpap Cu ]m
Imi-fpw XmcIey- amWv. CX\pkcnv BImis
ImWp- h AXns\tmse _-\ap-\mbno- cpw.
Cs\ Cu XmcItbmKw cphn[apv. ]qhm
sapw Dcmsapw, CXns\pdnp tmI
Cu tbmKw ]qhsapw D-csapw cphn[amWv.
]qhs XmcIsapw Dcs Aa\kvIsapw ]d-
bpp.
9. Ay- kvXmcItbm{ kqcy {]Xn^-e\w
`hXn. Xmcm`yw kqcy- N{ aWvUe Zi\w {_m
Wv U- anh ]nWv UmWv U intcm- a- [y- m- Imti
chop aWvU-ae Zzntb akv XoXn \nnXy- Xmc
Im`ymw Xi\ am{X- am- Wyp` ssbIy- Zrjv Sym
at\mbpw [ymtb-Xv. XtZymKm `mth C{nb-{]
htc\-hImimXv. XkvamZZrjvSym XmcI
Ghm\p ktbx
IpIfpsS IrjvW- aWnbm \mw kqcyN{msc
ImWppv. IpIfm \mw _mly{_- lvamWvUnse
kqcy- N{msc Zinp- Xpt]mse Xs incmIp
{_mWvUns a[yn nXnsNp kqcyN{
msc \nbnv Ahsb ZinpIbpw cpw HpX
sbmsWp IcpXn a\km Ahsb [ym\npIbpw
thWw. Fsm a\ns\ Cs\ `mh\bp- ambn
t\mnbnsn C{nb hnj- b- fn {]hnp
XpSpw. AXn\m km[I AZrjv Sym XmcIs
s A\pkm\w sNt- Xpv.
10. Xm- cIw Zznhn- [w. aqn Xmc- I- a- aqn
XmcIw tNXn. b{Zn- {n- bmw XXv aq- naXv
bZ{Zp bpKm- XoXw XZ- aqn- aXv kh- {Xmx
]Zm hnthNt\ at\m bpm`ymk CjytX
Xmcbm`ymw kZp[z kXXz-Zi-\m at\m
bpt- \m cotW kn - Xm- \ kz cq]w
{_sshx XkvamXv iptX-tPm-abw {_tXn
knw XZv {_ a\x kl-Imcn Np- jm
ZrjvSym thZyw `hXn. GhaaqnXmcIahnat\m
bpt\ Nqssjh `l-ZmcmZnIw thZyw `h
Xn. cq]-{K- lW {]tbmP\ky a\- pc Zo\Xzm
Xv. _mly- h-Zmtc ]ym a\ p ktbm
tK-ss\h cq]-{K- l- W-ImtcymZbmXv. Xkvam- t\m
bpmZrjvSnkvXmcI {]Imtim `hXn.
aqsapw Aaqsapw XmcIw cphn[n
epv. C{nb- fpsS A- cnepXv aqnXmcIhpw,
cp]qcnIpw shfnbnembn ImWpXv Aaqn
XmcIhpamWv. FmbnSpw Dnse ]Zm- -fpsS
hnthN\m at\mbp-amb A`ymkw Bhiy- amWv .
kXy-Zi- \m-Iamb a\-n-\m A\nco-Ww
sNbvXm cp XmcI-fpsSbpw apIfn knZm\
kz- cq]- amb {_s Zinmw. AXn\npw {_lvaw
iphpw tXtPmab- hpamsWv knambn. B {_s
at\mbpambn NppIfpsS AZrjv Sym Idn
bWw. AaqnXmcIhpw CtXhn[w at\mt\{X- fm
AdntbXpv. cq]-Zi-\hnj-bn a\v Npp
Iv A[o-\amWv. shfnbnep-Xpt]mse AIpw
cq]- {K-l- W- Im- cy- \S- p- p. AXn- \m at\mbp-
amb NppIfn XsbmWv XmcI{]-Imi-sap
]d- bmw.
11. {`qbpK- a[y_nte ZrjvSnw XZzmtcm[zntX
tXP Bhn`qXw XmcItbmtKm `hXn. tX\ kl
a-t\m-bpw XmcIw kpkw-tbmPy {]b- Xvt\\
I K
N P
376
{`qbpw kmh[m\Xbm InwNnZq[zapXv t-]- tb-
Xv. CXn ]qh`mKo XmcItbmKx Dcw Xzaqn
aZa\kvX aZa\kvX CXypNytX. Xmepaqtem[z
`mtK alm tPymXn abptJm htX. XZvtbm
Kn`nt[ybw XkvamZWn amZn knn `hXn.
cp ]pcnI- fpsSbpw a[y- m\n\p apIfnem
bnp- tXPns\ Zinp-XmWv XmcItbmK- eyw.
klnXa\km XmcIs kwtbmPnnv bXv\]qhw
cp ]pcnI- sfbpw Aev ]w DbWw. apI `mKs
AXmbXv AaqnaXv `mKs Aa\kv Isav ]d- bp
p. Xmepaqens Du[z`mK- n almtPymXnns
IncWaWvUew hnpp. AXmWv tbmKnIv
t[yb- ambnp- Xv . CXn\m AWnamZnknnIfpw ssIh
cp-p.
12. A _mly- etymZrjvSu \ntatjm tj-
hPnXmbmw kXymw imw`ho-ap{Zm `hXn. Xq{Zm
cqV m\m\nhmkmZv `qanx ]hn{Xm `hXn. XZv
ZrjvSzm kth temImx ]hn{Xm. `hn. XmZri
]c-atbm-Kn-]qP bky e`tX tkm ]n aptm
`h-Xn.
13. A ey- PetPymXn kzcq]w `hXn. ]ca
Kpcp]tZti\ kl{kmtc PetPymXn hm _pn
Kp-lm\nlnX tPymXn tPymXn hm tjmU-im
Xpcob ssNX\yw hmeyw `hn.
Xi\w kZmNmcy- aqew
_mlym`ymc eyw ImWphm\p km[Is
Zrjv Sn ncamIptm imw`ho ap{Z kw`hnpp. Cu
ap{Z tN m\nbpsS \nhmk`qan ]cnipsav Icp
Xs-Spp. Ahs\ ImWp-XpsImpXs kIecpw
]cnipcmIpp. C- s\bp tbmKnsb ]qPnp- h
apn[o\\mIpw. ]caKpcphns D]-tZi- m kl-
{k-Zf Iaen tjmU-iIe A ey-amIpp.
DamNmcy\neqsStbm CXv ImWm km[nq.
14. BNmtcym thZk- tmhnjvWp`tm
hna- cx |
tbmKtm tbmK-\njvT-kZmtbmKmIx
ipNnx
15. Kpcp`n kambpx ]pcpj tm
hnti-jXx |
Ghw e-W-k-tm-Kpcp- cpXy- `n[o- btX
16. Kpi_vZ kvXImcx tkymXvcp k_vZ
kv Xn-tcm-[Ix |
A-Imc \ntcm[Xzm-ZvKpcpcp-Xy-`n-[o-btX
17. Kpcptch ]cw {_Kpcptchh ]cmKXnx |
Kpcptch ]cmhnZym-Kpcptch ]cmbWw
18. Kpcptch ]cmImjvTmKpcptch ]cw [\w |
bkvamXv XZp]- tZjvSmku-XkvamZv KpcpXtcm
Kpcp CXn.
19. bx kIrZpmcbXn Xky kwkmc tamN\w
`h-Xn. |
kh P- IrXw ]m]w XXv Wm tZh
\iy-Xn. |
khm Imam\ hm]vt\mXn. kh ]pcp
jm knn |
`hXnb Ghw thtZXyp]\njXv
bYm- n KpcpkZv Kpcp Fp ]d- bpXv thZ
k-- X, hnjvWp`n, hna- cXzw, tbmK-- X, tbmK
\njvTX, tbmKmIX, ]cnipn, Kpcp`n, ]camm
hn {i, Ch tN- h\mWv . Kp i_vZns Aw
AImcsamWv. "cp' F-Xn\v tcm[npXv Fpw.
AXmbXv AImcs AIph\mWv Kpcp. Kpcp
XsbmWv {_w. ]caamb KXn KpcphmWv . Kpcp Xs
]caKXn; ]cmhnZybpw KpcphmWv. ]mcmb-W- tbmKy\pw
KpcphmWv. ]cImjvT, ]ca[\w Chbpw KpcphmIpp.
Kpcp t{ijvTcn t{ijvT\mWv. Hcnsenepw AXp
cnm kwkmctamN\w e`npw. kIe P-- fnsebpw
]m] \inpw. kIe Ima\Ifpw knnpw. kIe
]pcpjm- fpw ssIhcpw Cs\ Adnbp- h\mWv
D]- \nj-Zvm\n Fv Cu D]- \njv ]d- bpp.
AZzb- XmctIm]- \njv kam]np.
Q
I K
N P
377
imn ]mTw
Hmw`Z{Zmw It`nx irWp bma tZhm `{Zw
]tyam`nbP{Xmx nssccssKkvXphmw
kkvX\q`n hytia tZhlnXw bZmbpx kzkvXnx
\x Ct{m hr{ihmx kzkv Xn \x ]qjm hniz
thZmx kzkv Xn \ kv Xmtym Acn t\anx
kzkvXn t\m _rlkv]Xn Z[mXp
tZhmsc, R ImXpI sImv awKfw {ihnm
\nShctW. IpI sImv awKfw ImWm\nShctW.
kpZrVfmb AwKfmepw tZlmepw \nsf
kvXpXnpsImv tZhm \nbnnp Bbpp apgp
h\pw R A\p`hnpamdmItW. almIo am\mb
C{ Rv awKfw AcpftW. kh\mb
]qjzmhv Rv awKfw \ItW. A{]Xn tcm[yKXn
bmb KcpU Rv awKfw \ItW. _rl kv]Xn
Rv awKfw \ItW. Hmw imnx imnx imnx
1. tZhm l ssh kzw temIambwkvtX cp{Z
a]rtIm `hm\nXn. tkm f {_hoZltaIx {]Y
aamknZyman N \m\yx Inatm hyXn
cnx CXn. tkm f cmZcw {]mhniyXv Zntim
hycw {]mhn i Xv . tkm f lw \nXym \ntXym
hym hytm {_ mlw {_mlw {]mx
{]Xytm f lw ZnW DZtm f lw A[
tm[zw Nmlw Zni {]XnZnimlw ]pam\
]pam kv{Xnbilw. Kmb{Xylw kmhn{Xyplw
{Xn ]v PK Xy \p jv Sp]v Nmlw Otm f lw
KmltXym Zn Wmn cml h \otbm f lw
ktXym f lw Kuclw KucylarKlw bPqclw
kmam l Yhmw Kn c tkmlw tPymjv tTm f lw
t{ijv tTm f lw hcn jv tTm f lw Bt]mlw
tXtPm f l Krtlym f lactWym f lw Ac
alw calw ]p]vIcalw ]hn{X alw A{Kw N
a[yw N _ln ]pc kv XmXv tPymXn cl tah
kth thymatah k kth kam tbm amw thZ
k tZhm thZ k khmw thZm kmwKm
\]n {_ {_m ssW Kmw tKm`n {_mWm
{_m tWy \, lhnl hn jm, Bbp cm bp jm,
ktXy\ kXyw, [tWm [w, X bm an.
tkz\ tXPkm XtXm ] ssh tX tZhm cp{Za]r
tX tZhm cp{Z ] iy tX tZhm cp{Za [ym
iwkv tX tZhm Du[z _mlthm cp{Zw kv Xp\zn.
AYhintcm]\njv
3
1
tZhm cp{Z temInsen `Khm cp{Zt\mSv
tNmZnp: Av BcmWv ? cp{Z ]dp. Rm GI\mWv
Rm `qX`mhn ham\Imefnepapv Rm\msX Hcn
Spw Hpan. Dns Dn nXn sNpXpw
khZnnepw hym]nncn pXpw Rm Xs \nXyhpw
A\n Xy hpw. hyhpw Ahy hpw Rm Xs.
{_hpw A{_hpw Ingv ]Snmdv hSv sXv
apI`mKw Xmsg `mKw hnZnpI ]pcpj ]pcpj\ m
Xv kv {Xo Fmw Rm XsbmWv. Kmb {Xn, kmhn {Xn,
A\pp]v , PKXn, {Xnmhv XpS nb O pIfpw Kml
]Xymn, ZnWmn, Blh\obmn Chbpw kXyw,
]ip Kucocq]w, EIv, bPpv , kmaw, AYhw Fo thZ
Chsbmw Rm\mIpp. AwKnckv, tPymjvT,
t{ijvT, hcnjvT, Pew, tXP v, irw]y, AcWy,
A cw, cw, ]pjv Icw, ]]n{Xw, A{Kw, a[yw, _mlyw
]ptcm`mKw, tPymXncq]w, khhpw Rm\mIpp. Rm
kh hym]nbmWv. Fs Adnbph khtZhm
scbpw thZ sfbpw thZmwK sfbpw Adnbpp. Rm
{_m Ws\ {_m Ws\ smpw arKs arKs
smpw lhnns\ lhnpsImpw Bbpjys
Bbpjyw sImpw kXys kXyw sImpw [s
[w sImpw Xr]vXn s Sppp. tZhm imIpe
cmbn At ls t\mn [ym\np AXn \p tijw
Dbnb ssIItfmsS Ah kv XpXn p.
1. Hmw tbm ssh cp{Zx k `Khm b {_m
Xkvssa ssh \tam \ax
2. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `Khm b hnjvWpkvX
kvssa ssh \tam \ax
3. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `Khm b kvIkvX
kvssa ssh \tam \ax
4. tbm ssh cpt{Zm k `Khm b C{kvX
kvssa ssh \tam \ax
5. tbm ssh cpt{Zm k `Khm bmnkvX
kvssa ssh \tam \ax
6. tbm ssh cpt{Zm k `Khm b hmbp kvX
kvssa ssh \tam \ax
7. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `Khm b kqcy kvX
kvssa ssh \tam \ax
8. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `Khm b tkmakvX
kvssa ssh \tam \ax
I K
N P
378
9. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `Khm bmu{Klmx
\kvssa ssh \tam \ax
10. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `Khmt\y Nmu {]Xn
{KlmkvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
11. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `Khm\y `qkvXkvssa
ssh \tam \ax
12. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `Khm\ym N`phkvXkvssa
ssh \tam \ax
13. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `Khm bm N kzkvX
kvssa ssh \tam \ax
14. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `Khm\y al kvXkvssa
ssh \tam \ax
15. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `Khm\ym N ]rYnho
Xkvssa ssh \tam \ax
16. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `Khm\ymcow
Xkvssa ssh \tam \ax
17. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `Khm\ym N ZyukvX
kvssah \tam \ax
18. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `Khm\ymm ]x Xkvssa
ssh \tam \ax
19. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `Kh\y tXPkvX
kvssa ssh \tam \ax
20. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `Kh\ymImiw
Xkvssa ssh \tam \ax
21. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `Khm\y ImekvXkvssa
ssh \tam \ax
22. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `Khm\y bakvXkvssa
ssh \tam \ax
23. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `Khm\y arXypkvX
kvssa ssh \tam \ax
24. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `Khm\ym arXw Xkvssa
ssh \tam \ax
25. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `Khm\y hnizw ssh
Xkvssa ssh \tam \ax
26. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `Khm\y qew Xkvssa
ssh \tam \ax
27. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `Khm\y kqvaw
Xkvssa ssh \tam \ax
28. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `Khm\y ipw Xkvssa
ssh \tam \ax
29. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `Khm\y IrjvWw
Xkvssa ssh \tam \ax
30. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `Kh\y Irv\w
Xkvssa ssh \tam \ax
31. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `Khm\y kXyw Xkvssa
ssh \tam \ax
32. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `Khm\y khw Xkvssa
ssh \tam \ax
cp{Z\mb bmsXmcp `Khm\mb Av {_mhmWv.
As\bp Av \akvImcw \akvImcw. Av
hnjvWpcq]\mWv . Abvv \a kv Imcw. Av kv Icq
]\pw C{cq]\pw Ancq]\pw hmbpcq]\pw kqcycq
]\pw tkmacq]\pw A {Kl cq]\pw {]Xn {Klcq]\pw
`qcq]\pw `phcq]\pw kzcq]\pw alcq]\pw ]rYzo
cq]\pw A co cq]\pw Zyucq]\pw Pecq]\pw tXtPm
cq]\pw Imecq]\pw bacq]\pw arXypcq]\pw AarX cq
]\pw BImicq]\pw hnizcq]\pw qecq]\pw kqva
cq]\pw IrjvWcq]\pw ipcq]\pw kXycq]\pw kh
cq]\pw BWv Av. A s\ bp Abvv \akvImcw
\a kv Imcw.
3. `qkvtX BZna[yw `qhkvtX kzkvtX iojw
hniz cqt]m f kn, {_ss I kXzw, Zzn[m {Xn[m
_ kvXzw, imnkvXzw, ]pnkvXzw, lqXpaplp
Xw, ZaZw, khakhw, hnizahnizw, IrX
aIrXw, ]ca]c]cmbWw, N Xzw, A]matkmaa
arXm A`qamK tPymXn c hn Zma tZhm Ina kvam
XrWhZcmXnx Inap [on carXw ayw N
tkmakqcyx ]pckvXmXv kqvax ]pcpjx khw
PK nXw hm GX Z cw {]Pm ]Xyw kuayw
]pcpjw {Kmlya{KmtlyW `mhw `th\, kuayw
kutay\, kqvaw kqvta W, hmbhyw hmb
thy\, {KkXn Akvssa alm{Kkmb ssh \tam
\ax lrZnmx ssZhXm khm lrZn {]mtW {]Xn
jvTnXmx lrZn Xzakn tbm \nXyw Xnt{km am{Xmx
]ckv Xp kx Xtkym cXx intcm, Zn WXx
]mZu b D cX k Hmmcmx, b Hmmc k
{]Whx bx {]Whx k khhym]o bx khym]o
tkm f \tm tbm f \ kvX mcw bmcw
XXv ipw bZv ipw XXv kqvaw bXv kqvaw
XZv sshZypXw bZv sshZypXw XXv ]c{_ bXv
]cw {_k GIx k GIx k cpt{Zm tbm cp{Zx
k Cuimt\m b Cuimt\m k `Khm atlizcx
atl iz\mb `Khms\, `qtemIw A bpsS Xmgs
`mKhpw `qh temIw a[yhpw kztemIw intcm`mKhpw
BIpp. Av hnizcq]n {_cq]amIpp. ap hn[
nep hs\v tXm sSpw Av hrncq]\pw imn
cq]\pw lpXcq]\pw AlpXcq]\pw Z cq]\pw AZ
cq]\pw khcq]\pw Akhcq]\pw hnizcq]\pw Ahn
iz cq]\pw IrXmIrXP]\pw ]cm]c cq]\pw ]cmb Wcq]
\pamWv . Av Rv tkmacq]amb AarXw \In
Rsf Aar Xcq]cmn. R tPymXnx kzcq]cmbn
I K
N P
379
i{Xpv Rsf ]oUnnm km[ya. AarX
kzcq]\mWv. kqcykzcq]\mWv. Ap Xs PKXv
IeymWImcnbmIpp. ApXs kz t{]c Wbm
{Klys { Kmly mepw `mhs `mh mepw
kuays kuaymepw hmbphns\ hmbphn \mepw
{KknncnpXv. Cs\ alm{Kknbmb Atbv v \a
kv Imcw. kIeXnsbpw lrZbn AbpsS hmk
apv. aqp am{XIfpw Ahbvv AXoXamWv. hSv
AXns incpw sXv ]mZhpw nXnsNpp. hSv
HmwImccq]amWv. Hmw Imcw {]WhamWv. {]Whw Xs
bmWv B khhym]n. khhym]n bmWv A\ ; A\
Xs Xmc Icq]w; XmcIcq]w Xs kqv acq]w
kqv acq]w Xs ipw; ipw Xs hnZypXv cq]w;
hnZypXv cq]w Xs B ]c{_w. ]c{_cq]w Xs
GIcq]w. GI cq]w Xs bmWv cp{Zcq]w. cp{Zcq]w Xs
bmWv Cuim\ cq]w. Cuim\cq]w XsbmWv B `Khm
atl izc.
4. AY IkvamZpNytX Hmmtcm bkvamZpmcy
amW Gh {]mWm\q[z apXv {Ima bXn Xkvam
ZpNytX HmwImcx AY Ikv am Zp NytX {]Whx
bkv ap Zp m cy amW Gh EKyPq x kmam Y
hmMvctkm {_ {_mtW`yx {]WmabXn \ma
bXn N Xkv am Zp NytX {]Whx AY Ikv am p
NytX khhym]n Xkvam ZpmcyamW Gh bYm
]ee]oWA[anh imcq] tam Xt{]mXa\p{]m
]vtXm, hyXn kr Xkv am Zp NytX khym ]n.
AY IkvamZpNytX A\tm bkv amZpmcyamW
Gh XncyKq[z a [kv Xm Akymtm t\m]e
`ytX Xkvam ZpNytX f \x AY IkvamZpNytX
Xmcw bkv am ZpmcyamW Gh K`Phym[nP
cm ac W kw km c a lm` bm m c bXn {XmbtX N
Xkvam ZpNytX Xmcw. AYIkvamZpNytX ipw
bkv am Zpm cy amW Gh Zt ma btX N
Xkv am Zp NytX ip w. AY Ikv am Zp NytX
kqvaw. bkv amZpmcyamW Gh kqvaw `qXzm
icocmWy[nXnjvTXn khmWn NmwK\y`n ariXn
XkvamZpNytX kqvaw. AYIkvam ZpNytX ]cw
{_w bkv amXv XXv]c a]cw ]cmbWw N _rlXv
_rlXym _rwlbXn Xkvam ZpNytX ]cw {_.
AY IkvamZpNytX GtIm bx khm {]Wm
kw`y kw`tW\mP kwkrPXn hnkr PXn
N. XotatI {hPn XotatI ZnWmx
{]Xy DZ {]mtm f `n{h Ptm tXjmw
kthjm anlkw KXnx kmIw k GtIm `qX
cXn {]Pm\mkvXkvam ZpNytX GIx AY Ikvam
`pNytX cp{Zx bkv amZrjn`nx \mss\y`ssx E
Xaky cq]ap]e`ytX XkvamZp NytX cp{Zx AY
IkvamZpNytX Cuim\x, bx AY IkvamZpNytX
`Khm atlizcx, bkvamZv `m mt\\ `P
Xy\pKrlvWmXn NhmNw kwkrPXn hnkr PXn N
khm `mhm ]cn XyPy B m t\\
tbmssKiz tcyW alXn alobtX XkvamZpNytX
`Khm atlizcx XtZXZv cp{Z NcnXw.
Hmw Imc sa pcn sSpsXpsImv ? ImcWw
AXpcnpXn\v {]mWs\ apIfntemv hentn
hcpp; {]Whw Fp ]dbm ImcWsav? AXpcn
ptm EIn, bPpv , kmaw, AYhw Fo \mep thZ
sfbpw AwKncv, {_w, {_mW Fnhtbbpw
\akvIcntn hcpp. AXpsImv {]Whw Fp
t]cphp; khhym]n Fp ]db s Sp sXpsImv?
Fn Fsb t]mse A{]Xy ambn khNcmN
c fnepw hkn p p. D cn p tm apI fntem
Xmsgtbm XncypIfntem Aw ImWm km[nm
Xn\m A\ Fp ]db sSpp; K`w, Pw, hym[n,
Pc, acWw Fnh hebvp kwkmcalm`bn
\npw XcWw sNnp Xn\m XmcIw Fp ]db s
Spp; Dcn ptm tZw AXmbXv Bbmkw DmIp
Xn\m ipw Fp ]db sSpp; Dcnptm
kqv a cq]tmSpIqSnb mhcmZnIfmb khn
sbpw icocs A[o\ ampXpsImv kqvaw
Fp ]db s Spp; Dcn sSptm qeamb Xtam
h bn {]Imiw DmIp XpsImv sshZypXw Fp
]db s Spp; ]cm]csbpw ]cmb Wsbpw _rl
mb hoWbm mX amp Xn\m ]c {_ sav
]db sSpp; Fm {]mWsfbpw `nv APcq]
tmsS Dev ]n kwlmcmZnI sNp XpsImv GI
s\v ]db s Spp; sXpw ]Snmdp hSpw Ingpw
D kIe Xo fnepw kv\m\w sNphcpsSbpw
kXvKXn CXp XsbmIpp; kIe PohnIfpsSbpw IqsS
GI cq]n hkn p Xn \m GIs\p ]db s Sp
p. kzcq]sa sv ap\namp am{Xta Adn bm\mhpI
bpq. ap hv km[ya m Xn \m cp{Zs\p ]d
bs Spp. Cuim\o, P\\o inIfm thZsf kzm[o
\ n shncn pXpsImv Cuim\ Fp ]db
s Spp. iqc \mb Asb R ]men\p thn ]ip
hns\ {]kmZnn pXpt]mse kvXpXn pp. C{cq]
n Ap Xs bmWv {]] n\v Cui\pw ZnhyZi
\bp\pw. AXn\m Av Cuim\ Fv ]dbsSp
p. kIe `mhfpw ssIhnv Bm\w sImpw
tbmssKizcyw sImpw Xs alnabm nXn sNp
Xn\m Av atl izc F dn b s Spp. CXv cp{ZN
cnXamIpp.
5. Gtjm l tZhx {]Zntim \p khmx ]pthm
l PmXx k D Kt` Ax k Gh PmXx k P\n
jyamWx {]XyMv P\mkvXnjvTXn khtXm apJw
GtIm cpt{Zm \ ZznXob bkv X kvssa b Cam
I K
N P
380
temIm\oiX Cuim\n`nx {]XyMvP\mkvXmjvTXn
kwNptImNmx Imte kwkrPyhnizm `qh\m\n
tKm]v Xm tbm \nw tbm\n a [n Xn jv TtXytIm
tbt\Zw k cXn hnN cXn khw Xao im\w
hcZw tZhaoUyw \nNmtcyamw imn aXytaXn
amw lnXzm tlXp Pmeky aqew _pymkp
NnXw m]bn Xzm Xp cpt{Z cp{Zta IXzamlpx.
imizXw ssh ]pcmW anl aqtP\ ]ithm f
\p \mabw arXyp ]mim XtZtX\. Bt
tX\m NXp amt{XW imnw kwkrPXn
]mihn tamWw km bm {]Yam am{Xm {_tZ
hXymcm ht\ bkv Xmw [ymbtX \nXyw k
KtXv {_mw ]Zw bm km ZznXobm am{Xm
hnjv Wp tZhXym Irjv Wm ht\ bkv Xw
[ymbtX \nXyw k KtXv sshjvWhw ]Zw bm
km XrXobm am{Xm Cuim\ tZhXym I]nem
ht\ bkv Xmw [ymbtX \nXyw k KtssZ
im\w ]Zw bm km AZPv[NXpo am{Xm kh
tZhXm f hyo`qXm Jw hnNcXn ip kv^SnI
kn`mht\ bkv Xmw [ymbtXm \nXyw kwK
tbv ]Za\maIw XtZX ap]mkoX ap\tbm hmKz
Zn \ Xky {KlW abw ]m hnlnX D
tcW tb\ tZhm bmn tb\ ]nXtcm tb\
Ejbx ]ca]Zw ]mcmbWw tNXn hmam{Kam{Xw
lrZbky at[y hnizw tZhw PmX cq]w htcWyw
Xam w tb \p ]iyn [ocm kv tXjmw
imn`hXn t\X tcjmw bkv an t{Im[w bm N
XrjvWm amw N XrjvWmw lnXzm tlXpPmeky
aqew _pym kwNnXw kvXm]bnXzm Xp apt{Z cp{Z
taIXzamlpx apt{Zm ln imiztXh ssh ]pcmtW
t\j aqtPW X]km \nbm. AncnXn `kva,
hmbp cnXn `kva, Pe anXn `kva, Pe anXn `kva,
eanXn `kva, thymtaXn `kva, khw lhm
CZw `kv a a\ GXm\n Npjn bkvam {Z X anZw
]mip]Xw bZv `kva \mwKm\n kwkv]rtikvamZv
{_XtZXXv ]mip]Xw ]ip]mi hntamWm.
kIe ZnpIfnepw hknpXv Htc Hcp tZh
Xs; Atlw BZyw P\np. a[ynepw Atlw Xs.
taen P\npXpw Atlw Xs. Atlw Hmtcm
{]mWnbnepw hym]nncn pp; temIw apgph \nb {n
pp. CsXmw Htc Hcp cp{Z Xs. HSphn Fmw
Atln ebnpw. hnizs krnpXpw kwl
cnpXpw B cp{Z Xs. kh PohnIfpsSbpw
A`mKv hknpp. Cu Cuim\s\ [ym\n m
am{Xta a\pjy\v ]caamb imn e`nm km[nq.
kh Xnpw Ifw tNp Am\w XyPnv
knX I _pnbm cp{Z\n Xs Anm
]c ammhpambp sFIyw ssIhcpw. imizX\pw ]pcmW
]pcpj\pw B inbm AmZnI {]Zm\w sNbvXv
PohnIsf arXyphn \npw cnpXv B B m\
{]Z Xs. A NXpam{Xbm imn {]Zm\w
sNbvXv Atlw _n \nv tamN\w \Ipp.
cp{Zs {]Ya am{X {_mhns c hns XmWv .
tht]mse [ym\nm {_]Zw e`npp. cmas
am{X hnjv Wphns IrjvWh ns XmWv . AXv kZm
[ym\nph hnjvWp ]Zs {]m]npp. aqmas
am{X Cuim\ tZhs ]oX h nsXmWv. AXv [ym\n
ph Cuim\ ]Zw {]m]npp. A {]Xy
am{X kh thZ kzcq]ambn Ahy ambn BImin
k cn pp. AXns \ndw ip kv^SnI XpeyamWv
AXns\ [ym\np h apn {]m]n pp. Aam{X
am{Xw D]mknm aXn FmWv ap\namcpsS aXw. Cu
D]mk\bm I_w tOZns Spp. CtX Dc
am neqsSbmWv tZhmcpw ]nXrfpw aljnamcpw
KanpXv. CXp Xs ]cm]chpw ]mcmb Whpamb
amw XeapSnbpsS A{Kw t]mse AXnkqv anep
lrZbn \nhknp hnizcq]\pw tZhcq]\pw Bb
]c ammhns\ Xs lrZbm`mKp ImWp m\n
IfmWv imnsb {]m]npXv. ap hc . t{Im[XrjvW
Iv ImcW`qXamb aqew XyPnv knX I
_pn ]qhw cp{Z\n kan m Atlhpambn
XmZmyw {]m]npp. imizX\pw ]pcmW]pcpj\pw
cp{Z Xs. AXn\m kzinbmepw X]n\mepw
Atlw temIw \nb {npp. An hmbp Pew ew
Fnh thymam `kvacq]amIpp. C s\ bp `K
hm ]ip]XnbpsS `kvaw BcpsS icocn ]Xnp
pthm Ah\pw `kvas t]msebmbnocpp. Cs\
]ip]XnbpsS {_cq]amb `kvaw PohnIfpsS _ \
hntOZ\n\v ImcWambn `hnpp.
6. tbmu cpt{Zm tbm]vkzcy Hmj[o hncp[
Bhn thi b Cam hnizm `qh \m\n Nmnth
Xkvssa cp{Zmb \tamkvXztb tbm cpt{Zmu
tbm cp{Z Hmj[o hocp[ Bhn thitbm cp{Z
Cam hnizm `qh\m\n Nmth Xkvssa cp{Zmb
ssh \tam \ax tbm cp t{Zm f ]vkp tbmcp{Z
Hmj [ojp tbm cpt{Zm h\ kv ]Xnjp tb\
cpt{ZW PKZp[z[mcnXw ]rYnho Zzn[m{Xn[m
[mcnXm \mKm tb f cot Xkv ssa cp{Zmb
ssh \tam \ax. aq[m\aky kwkohym[hm
lrZbw N bXv akvXnjvIm Zq[zx ss{]cbXv ]h
amt\m f [n iojXx XZzm AYhWx intcm tZh
tImix kapnXx XXv {]mtWm f `ncXn intcm
f atYm a\x\ N Znthm tZh Pt\\ Kp]vXm
\hmcomWn \h`qa Camb kvann Zw kh
tamXt{]mXw b kvamZ\y]cw In\m kvXn \
XkvamXv ]qhw \ ]cw XZkvXn \ `qXw \tXm
`hyw bZmkoXv kl{k]mtZI aq[m hym]vXw
I K
N P
381
k G thZam]cohn `qXw AcmXv kwPm
btX Imex ImemZv hym]I DNytX hym]tIm ln
`Khm cptZm `mKm bamt\m bZm titX cp{Z
kvXZm kwlctX {]Pmx DnkotX Xtam `hXn
Xak Bt]m]vkzwKpeym aYntX aYnXw inintc
inincw aYyam\w t^t\m`hXn t^\m Zw `h
XyWA[mXv hmbp {_m`hXn. {_tWm hmbpx
hmtbmcmwImcx HmwmcmXv kmhn{Xo kmhn{Xym
Kmb{Xn, Kmb{Xym temIm `hn Abn X]x
kXyw A[ycn bZv {[phw GXn ]caw X]x
Bt]m tPymXn ctkm f arXw {_ `q`phx
kztcmw \a CXn.
An bnepw Pe nepw IpSn sIm p cp{Z
XsbmWv sNSnIfnepw hr fnepw DXv. kakvX
hnizhpw krnnp B Ancq]\mb cp{Z\v \akv Im
cw. sNSnIfnepw hr fnepw Anbnepw nXn sNp
h\pw kIe hnizns {kmhpamb cp{Z\v \akv Im
cw. hrfnepw sNSnIfnepw Penepw hknp
h\pw Cu hnizs [cnncnph\pw cp {]Imc
nepw (inh in) aqp {]Imcnepw (kXz cP
kvXapI) `qansb \bn p h\pw k[mcnbpamb
cp{Z `Khm\v \akv Imcw. cp{Zs {]Whkzcq]amb aq[m
hns\ D]mknm inhs DX nXn ssIhcpp. D]m
kn m]w A[x]X\amWv. Fm tZhmcpsSbpw
kmaqlnI cq]w cp{Zs akv XIamWv . AXns {]mW\pw
a\pw intcmc IamWv. tZhmv X\nsb `qansbtbm
BImistbm kz stbm Hns\bpw cnm
inbn. kIeXpw cp{Z\n ASpp. Atl n \
pdw bmsXmpan. aqp `qX`hnjy Ime fnepw Hpw
Dmbnn. kl{k ]mZ\pw kl{k inc ph\pamWv
Atlw. kh`qX hym]v X \mWtlw. Imens
D]n Acn \npamWv. Imew hym]IamWv.
hym]I\pw t`mKmbam\\pamb cp{Z ibnm kIe
PohnIfpsSbpw Ayw kw`hnpXmWv. ]ns At
lns izmkwsImv Xapw aXn \nv Pehpw
DmIpp. B Pew hncepIfm aYns Sptm inin
cphnse t]mse apmIpp. AXns\ aY\w
sNptm \pcbpw, \pcbn \nv Ahpw A
n \nv {_hpw DmIpp. {_mhn \nv
hmbphpw hmbphn \nv Hmwmchpw Hmmc n \nv
kmhn{Xnbpw kmhn{Xnbn \nv Kmb{Xnbpw Kmb{Xnbn
\nv temI fpw D hnpp. Atlw X]p sNp
tm kXyw DmIpp. XpSv AarX {]hmlw Dm
Ipp. B {]hmlw imizX amIpp. AXv ]ca amb ]X
mWv. AXv Pew, tPymXnv, ckw, AarXw, {_w `qx
`hx kzx Fnhbmbn ]cnWanpp.
7. b CZ a Yh in tcm { _mtWm f [otX
At{im{Xnbx t{im{Xntbm `hXn. A\p]\oXx D]
\otXm `hXn tkm f n ]qtXm `gXn. k hmbp
]qtXm `hXn. k kqcy]qtXm `hXn. k tkma
]qtXm `hXn. k kXy]qtXm `hXn. k kh
]qtXm `h Xn. k ksshtZsshx mtXm
`hXn k ksshx tZsshx mtX `hXn. k
kssh thssZc\p[ymtXm `hXn. k kthjp
Xotjp kv\mtXm `hXn. tX\ ksshx {IXp
`n cnw `hXn Kmb{Xymx jjv Sn kl {kmWn
P]vXm\n `hn. CXnlmk]pcmWm\mw cp{ZmWmw
KX k l {kmWn P]v Xm\n `h n. {]W hm \m a
bpXw P]vXw `hXn. B Npjx ]wnw ]p\m
\n. B k]vX amXv ]pcp jbpKm ]p\mXoXyml
`Khm\Yhincx kIrXv P]vssXzh ipNnx kx
]qXx ItWym `hXn. ZznXobw P]vXzm KWm[n
]Xymahm]vt\mXn. XrXobw P]vXzm Ghtah A\p
{]hnitXymw kXytamw kXyw
Cu AYhintcm]\njv hmbnp {_m W
thZ\ snepw thZ\mbnocpp. A\p]\oX
\msWnepw D]\oX\v Xpey\mIpp. An, hmbp,
kqcy, tkma, kXyw Fnhsb tmse Ah ]cn
ip\mbnocpp. Ah kh{X hnip \mIpp.
Ah ssZh\pw thZPvV\pw khXokv \m\ ]p
Wyhm\pw Bbnocpp. Fm bfpw sNbvXm
ep ^ehpw Ah\v Inpp. CXnlmk]pcmW A[y
b\w sNbvXv ^ehpw Hcp ew cp{Z\ma P]ns
^ehpw ]Xn\mbncw {]Whw P]n ^ehpw Ah\v Inp
p. Ahs\ ImWp XpsImv Xs BfpI ]cnip
cmIpXmWv. Ah Xs Ggp Xeapd Isf ]cn ipam
psav ]dnpv . Cu AYh intcm]\njv Hcn
P]nm Ah ]cnip\pw Im[nImcnbpam
Ipw. cmaXv P]nm KWm[n]Xn bmIpw aqphw P]n
m kXykz cq]amb Hmmcn {]thinpp.
AYhin tcm]\njv kam]n p.
Q
I K
N P
382
imn ]mTw
Hmw. kl\mhhXp. kl\u `p\ p. kl
hocyw Ichmhssl tXPkzn \mh[oXakvXp. am
hnZznjmh ssl. Hmw imnx imnx imnx
]c{_w \s cpt]scbpw cntW. \s
cpt]scbpw Hcpanv ]cn]men tW. \ cpt]cpw
Hcpanv IgnhpI hf tW. \psS A[yb\w tXtPm
ab ambn octW. \mw ]c kv ]cw hntZzjw ImWn m
Xncn tW.
1. imkv{XmWy[oXy ssa[mho |
A`yky N ]p\x ]p\x |
]caw {_hnZymbm |
Devmhm\ytYmptPXv ||
imkv{X ]Tnv _pn hnIknnv hopw hopw
A`yknv ]c aamb {_hnZyt\SpI. Dev t]mse N
eamb PohnXs ]mgmmXn cnpI.
2. Hmmcw cYamcply |
hnjvWpw IrXzmY kmcYnw |
{_temI ]Ymt\zjn |
cp{Zmcm[\ XXv]cx ||
HmwmcamIp cY n Ibdn hnjv Wphns\ kmc
Ynb bmn bYm {_temIw At\zjnpsImv
cp{Zs D]mk\bn Xm]cyw hln Ww.
3. Xmh{ZtY\ Khyw |
bmh{ZY ]YnnXx |
nXzm cY ]Yx m\w |
cYapXv krPyKXn ||
cY amw Ahkm\npXphsc cYn kcn
mw. amw Ahkm\nm cYw hnv aptmp t]mImw.
4. am{Xm enwK]Zw Xyzm |
i_vZhyRvP\ hPnXw
AkztcW aImtcW |
]Zw krvaw N KXn ||
5. i_vZmZn hnjbmx ] |
t\{X sshmXn New |
AarX\mtZm] \njv
1
3
NntbZmt\m civao |
{]Xymlmcx k DNytX ||
6. {]XymlmckvXYm [ym\w |
{]mWmbm tam f Y [mcWm |
Xssh kam[n |
jUwtKm tbmK DNytX ||
{]Whns BImcmZnam{XI AhbpsS enwK`qX
amb ]Z B{ib`qXamb hnizw , hncmSv Fnhsb hnv
kzclo\amb aImcns hmNIamb Cuis\ [ym\nm
km[ I\v Xpcob XXznsemw. B Xzw kh{]]
n\pw hnZqc amWv . i_vZkzimZn hnjb epw Ahsb
{Klnp C{nbfpw a\pw kqcyc ivansb tmse
Bmhn ImWWw. As\ A\mhn jbfn
\npw a\ns\ \nhnnv B Nn sNWw. Cu
B hnNn\amWv {]Xymlmcw tbmKns Bdv AwK
fmb {]mWmbmaw, [ym\w, [mc Ww, Xw, am[n, Fn
htbmsSmw {]Xymlmchpw {][m\ amWv.
7. bYm ]hX [mXp\mw |
Zlyt [a\memx |
ZtY{nbIrXmx tZmjm |
ZMyt {]mW\n{KlmXv ||
]Xnse kzw XpSnb [mXp NqSp]nSn
nv aen\X Zqsc bmpXpt]mse C{nbP \yfmb
tZmj {]mWmbmaw sImv Zqscbmmw.
8. {]mWmbmssax Ztltmjm |
[mcWm`n Inev_njw |
{]XymlmtcW kwkm |
[yt\\m\nizc KpWm ||
9. Inev_njw ln bw \oXzm |
cpNncw ssNh NntbXv ||
{]mWmbmaw sImv tZmjsfbpw [mcWsImv
]m] sfbpw Zln npI. Cs\ ]m] sfbpw Ah
bpsS AwKsfbpw \innv tZhs\ kzkz cq]n
[ym\npI.
I K
N P
383
10. cpNntc tcNIw ssNh |
hmtbmcmIjWw XYm |
{]mWmbmamkv{Xbx t{]mm |
tcN ]pcIIpw`Imx ||
11. khymlrXnx k{]Whmw |
Kmb{Xnw inckm kl |
{Xnx ]tTZmbX{]mWx |
{]mWmbmax k DNytX ||
Dn hmbphns\ ncambn \ndppIbpw shfn
bn tev hnSpIbpw AItmSp hnen pIbpw sNWw.
hymlrXn Hmwmcw ChtbmSpIqSn Kmb{Xn aqpXhW
sNmn tcNIw, ]qcIw, Ipw`Iw Fo {InbI sNp
Xn\v {]mWmbmasav ]dbpp.
12. DXvn]y hmbpamImiw |
iq\yw IrXzm \ncmIw |
iq\y`mth\ bpRv Pobm
t{ZNI tkyXn eWw. ||
{]mW hm bp hns\ BIm i n DXv t ]Ww
sNbvXp. lrZbs hmbp iq\yamnopXmWv
tcNI{]Wmbmaw.
13. t\m ztkm \pztkssh |
Km{XmWn NmetbXv |
Ghw hmbp{KlX hyx |
]qcItkyXn eWw ||
izknpItbm DzknpItbm sNmsXbpw icocw
NennmsXbpw CcppsImv {]mWhmbphns\ \ntcm
[np Xn\p ]qc I{]mWmbmasav ]dbpp.
14. ht{tWmXv]e\mtfW |
hmbw IrXzm \ncm{ibw |
Ghw hmbp {KloXhyx |
Iw`ItkyXn eWw ||
hmbneqsS bpw Iae\mfneqsSbpw shw hen s
Spp Xpt]mse kmh[m\w hmbphns\ AItv hen
pXv Ipw`I{]mWmbmaamIpp.
15. AhXv ]iy cq]mWn |
irWp i_vZ aIhXv |
ImjvThXv ]iytX tZlw |
{]im tkyXn eWw ||
A s\ tmse Hpw ImWmXncnpIbpw _[ncs\
tmse tInpw tImXncnpIbpw tZlw shdpw ac
Snt]mse IcpXm\nSbmIp XpamWv {]ims eWw.
16. a\x kev]Iw [ymXzm |
kwn]ym\n _pnam |
[mcbn Xzm XYmm\w |
[mcWm ]cn IonXm ||
a\v kev ]m Isav IcpXn AXns\ Bmhn
ebnnv ]cammhns\ NnnpIbmWv [mc Wsb
{]mWbmaw.
17. BKakymhntcmt[\ |
Dul\w X DNytX |
bw e_v[zm]yh at\yX |
kx kam[n {]IonXm ||
XsaXv imkv {Xhn[nb\pkcnp NnbmWv.
bmsXmp e`nmemWv ap e`nt hkv Xp Xp
sfp tXmpXv AXmWv {]mWmbmamwKamb kam[n .
18. `qan`mtK kta ctay |
khtZmj hnhPntX |
IrXzm at\mabnw cmw |
P]vXzm ssN hmY ate ||
19. ]Iw kzkvXnIw hm]n |
`{Zmk\ aYm]n hm |
_zm tbmKmk\w kayIv |
Dcm`napJnXx ||
kh tZmj hnaphpw kahpw kpchpamb `q`m
Kv ]mk\ntem kzkv Xn Imk\ntem `{Zmk\
ntem CS hnSmsX Dcm`napJambn cpv a\ns\ Dd
nv aew P]nWw.
20. \mknIm]pS awKp eym |
]n[mssb tI\ amcpXw |
BIrjy [mctbZow |
i_vZtahm`n NntbXv ||
21. HmantXyImcw {_ |
HmantXytI\ tcNtbXv |
Znhyat{W _lpix |
IpcymZmaeNypXnx ||
Hcp hncsImv Hcp \mknImZzmcw ASv Xpd
I K
N P
384
\mkZzmc n IqSn hmbp AItv henpI. ]ns
cp Zzmc epw ASv hmbphns\ \ntcm[n Ww. ]ns
GImc i_vZcq]hpw tXtPmab hpamb {]Wh i_vZw
Nnnv hmbp kmh[m\w shfnbn hnSpI. Cs\ {]hm
Iamb a{w At\Iw {]mhiyw {]tbmKnv Nnamen
\yaIpI.
22. ]zmymtbX ]qthmw |
{Iatim a{ \nntiXv |
qemXnqeam{Xmbw |
\mXn aq[zaXn{Iax ||
aqv kqNnnhn[w {]Whw NnnpI. {]WhKZn
Xamb {]mWmbmaw Hcp kabv qemXnqeam{X
bn A[nIw sNm ]mSn .
23. XncyKp[zat[m Zrow |
hn\nmcy almaXn |
ncx mbohn\njvIXz |
XZm tbmKw ka`ytkXv ||
Iv apnepw apIfnepw Xmsgbpw ncoIcnv Cf
ImsX CcppsImv tbmKm`ymkw sNpI.
24. Xmemam{Xm bYm tbmtKm |
[mcWm tbmP\w XYm |
ZzmZi amt{Xm tbmKkvXp |
ImetXm \nbXx kvarXx ||
tbmK`ymkw \nnX ]Xnb \pkcnv sNpI. ZzmZ
iam{Xamb tbmKw Imem \nbXamIpp.
25. AtLmjahy\a kzcw N |
AIWvT Xtezmjp a\mknIw N |
Atcj PmX ap`tbmjvT hPnXw |
bZcw \ ctX IZmNnXv ||
_mly{]bXv\m Dcns Smhp X {]Wh\m
Zw. AXv hyRvP\tam kzctam A. IWvTw Xmep Hmjv Tw
\mknI ChsImtm hyammhpX. aq[mhp
sImpw Zw sImpw Dcnm\mhn. AXn\v \mian
. {]mWmbma cq]n A`yknpIbpw a\ ns\ \mZ
cq]n \nc cw ebn npIbpw sNt XmWXv.
26. tb\mku ]iytX amw |
{]mWkvtX\ ln KXn |
AXa `ytknXyw |
kma\mb ssh ||
27. lrZzmcw hmbpZzmcw N |
Du[zZzmcaXx ]cw |
tamZzmcw _new ssNh |
kpjncw aew hnZpx ||
GXpamn IqSn tbmKn t\mppthm B am
n IqSn {]mW a\ns\ A\pKanpp {]mW
D aam neqsS t]mIpXn\m \nccm`ymkw Bh
iyamWv. lrZb n IqSn {]mW kpjpav\m am n
{]thinpp. apIfn Du[zKa\ amhpw {_c
{hpw nXn sNpp. tbmKnI CXns\ kqcya e
sav IcpXpp. AXns\ t`Znv {]mW shSnm
apn knnpw.
28. `bw t{Im[aYmeky |
aXn kz]v\mXn PmKcw |
AXym lmca\mlmcw |
\nXyw tbmKo hnhPtbXv ||
`bw t{Im[w Bekyw AXn\n{Z Gsd DWncnpI
AanX t`mP\w \ncmlmcw Fnh tbmKn Hgnhm Ww.
29. At\ hn[n\m karIv |
\nXya`ykXm {IamXx |
kzbapXv]ZytX m\w |
{Xn`oam ssk\ kwibx ||
30. NXp`nx ]iytX tZhm |
]`nkvXpey hn{Iamx |
Cmbm]vt\mXn ssIheyw |
jjvtT amkn \ kwibx ||
Cs\ \nba{]Imcw \nXyhpw tbmKNcybn
s]Sp tbmKn kzbw m\w t\Spp. \mep amkw
sImv Ah\v tZhZi\w e`npp. Apamkn\p
n tZhXpeyamb kmayw Inpp. Bdpamkn
Pohpmhbpw Inpw.
31. ]mnhx ] am{XmWn |
NXpam{XmWn hmcpWx |
BtbkvXp {Xnam{XmWn |
hmbhy kvXpZznam{XIx ||
32. GIam {XkvX YmImtim |
lram{Xw Xp NntbXv |
knnw IrXzm Xp a\km |
Nntb Zm\m\n ||
I K
N P
385
]mnh XXzw [cnptm {]Whnse Ap
am{XI Nnn Ww. PeXXzamIptm \mev, Anam
{XbmIptm aqv, hmbp XXzamIptm cv, Cu \ne
bn NnnpI BImi XXzw [cnptm {]Wh
ns GI am{XIw {]Whs Nnnptm AXns
Du[zam{X am{Xhpw Nnn Ww. am\knI [mc Wbm
kzi coc n Xs ]`qX kn nbpw Nn\bpw
thWw. Cs\ sNbvXm ]`qX fpw hinIr X
fm Ipp.
33. {XnwiXv ]hmw Kpex {]mtWm |
b{X {]mWx {]XnjvTnXx |
Gj {]mW CXn JymtXm |
_mly {]mWx ktKmNcx ||
34. AioXnx jSv iXw ssNh |
kl{kmWn {Xtbm Zi |
e sstIm]n |
\nxizmk Atlmcm{X {]amWXx ||
apXv AwKpew \nfap izkw nXnsNpXv
{]mWhmbphns B{ibcq]amWv. CXpXsbmWv. {]mW
s\ t]cn {]knambnpXv. C{nb tKmNcamb
{]mW \n HcpenXn aq hm bn cn Aqn
F]Xv izk\ {Inb Atlmcm{Xw \Sppv.
35. {]W BtZym lrZn mt\ |
A]m\ kvXp ]p\ KptZ |
kamt\m \m`n tZtiXp |
DZm\x Iam{inXx ||
36. hym\x kthjp NmwtKjp |
kZm hym]r XyXnjvTXn |
AY hmkvXp ]m\mw |
{]mWmZo\ma\p{IamXv ||
lrZb amWv {]mWmZnIfpsS \nhmkm\w. A]m\
KpZnepw kam\ \m`ntZipw DZm\ IWvTnepw
hym\ khmwK fnepw k cnpp. {]mWmZnIfpsS
hw ]d bmw.
37. chaWn {]Jyx |
{]mtWm hmbpx {]IonXx |
A]m\kvXky at[yXp |
C{ tKm]ka{]`x ||
38. kam\kvXky at[y Xp |
tKmoc[ hf {]`x |
A]mpc DZm\ |
hymt\m lrn ka{]`x ||
Nph cXv\ns \ndtmSp IqSnb XmWv {]mW.
A]m\\v C{ tKm]ns \ndamWv. kam\ ]iphn
]men\p Xpeyw shfp XmWv. DZm\\v [qkc h amIp
p. hym\ An PmebpsS \ndw IeX t{X.
39. bsskyj aew `nXzm |
amcptXm bmXn aqZ[\n |
b{X X{X {antbZzm]n |
\ k `qtbm`n PmbtX |
\ k `qtbm`n PmKtX ||
CXyp]\n jXv
bmsXmcp km[ Is {]mW Cu aew t`Znp
sImv apmhnseptm Ah FhnsS shv acn
mepw ]p\ Pw {]m]n pn. Ah\v ]p\ P an.
AarX \mtZm]\njv kam]np.
Q
I K
N P
386
imn ]mTw
Hmw kl \mhhXp kl \u `p\p kl
hocyw Ic hm hssl tXPkzn \mh [o X akv Xp
amhnZznjmhssl Hmw imnx imnx imnx
]c{_w Kpcpinjymcmb R cpt]tcbpw
Hcpanv kwcntW. Rsf cpt]tcbpw Hcpanv
]men tW. R cpt]tcbpw Hcpanv kmayw
{]m]n tW. R fpsS A[ymb\w tXP mbncntW.
R hntZzjw ]pemXncntW. Hmw imnx imnx
imnx.
1. AY l kmwIrXn`Khw Zmt{Xbw ]cnk
taXy ]{] ` K h tIm f h[q X kv X kyIm
nXn x, Inw eyw, Inw kwk c W anXn Xw
tlmhmN `Kthm Zmt{Xbx ]ca ImcpWnIx
kmwIrXn `Khm Zmt{Xbs\ kao]nv Cs\
tNmZnp: ""`Khms\, A][qX \mcmWv? Ahs Ah
sbv? Ahs Nnsav? Ahs kwkc WsamWv ?''
CXptIv ]c aImcpWnI\mb `Khm Zmt{Xb kmwIr
XntbmSv ]dp.
2. Ac XzmZztcWy Xzm
qX kwkmc _\mXv |
XXz a kymZneyXzm
Zh[qX CXncytX ||
3. tbm hnew Lym{iam hm
\mt\yh nXx kZm |
AXn hm{iao tbmKo
Ah[qXx k IYytX ||
Ahn \m inXzw sImpw htc WyXzw sImpw
kmwkvImcnI _\ n \npw hnap\mbh\pw
XXzakn XpSnb almhmIyfpsS eym cq]am
bn ph\pamWv Ah[pX. hm{ia [ sfmw
ssIhnv Bmhn Xs nXn sNp hm{iac
ln X\mb tbmKnbmWv Ah[qX.
4. Xky {]nbw incx IrXzm |
tamtZm ZnWm ]Ix |
{]tamZ Dcx ]x |
B\tm tKmjv] ZmbtX ||
Ah[qtXm]\njv
1
3
5. tKmhmekZriw iotj |
\m]n at[y \ Nm]y[x
{_ ]pw {]XnjvtTXn |
]pImtcW ImctbXv ||
6. Ghw NXpjv]Yw IrXzm |
tX bmn ]camw KXnw |
\ IWm \ {]Pbm |
[t\\ XymtKss\tX |
AarXXz am\ipx ||
{]nbXcamb {_w BcpsS akvXIw, tamZw, Zn
W]w, {]tamZw, Dc ]w Cu \nebnemIpp
Ahs KXn tKmjv]Zambnocpp. ]iphns hm
t]mse apIfnepw \Sppw Xmsgbpw CmXv bmsXm
mtWm AXv kh {]XnjvTcq]amb {_w ]pw Fv
]db sSpp. AXn \m AXns\ ]pImc n emWw
Cs\ Ah[qXm \mepamfn IqSn ]caKXn
{]m]npp. hnhn[ Ifmtem {]Pbmtem [\
mtem AacXzw {]m]nm km[ya . XymKw sImp
am{Xta Aa cXzw {]m]nm\mIq.
7. sskzcw sskzc hn l cWw XXv kwk cWw
kmw_cm hm ZnKw _cm hm \ tXjmw [m
[u \ ta[mbta[yu kmw{KltWymbmizta
[abmKw bPtX.
8. k almtJm almtbmKx Irv\ta X n{Xw
Ia sskzcw \ hnKmtblm{hXw \ k ZrV
hnn ]ytX |
AhcpsS {]]w kzw C a\pkcnp sskzc
hn lmcamWv. Ahcn \cmtbm hkv{Xbp cmtbm
ImWsSpp. Ahv [m[tfm ta[ymta[y
tfm C. Ah a\km Aizta[w sNbvXhcmWv . AXp
Xs AhcpsS almb hpw almtbmKhpw AhcpsS
Ncn{Xsamw BcyIcamWv. tkzm\pkrXamb Ah
cpsS Cu {]hrn I \nn cpXv.
Fsm CXp XsbmWv AhcpsS alm{hXw
Ah ZrVsc tmse ]m]]pWy fn en]v Xa.
9. bYm chnx khckm {]`pMvt |
lpXmi\ m]n ln kh`x |
XssYh tbmKo hnjbm {]`pMnt |
\ en]ytX ]pWy]mss] ipx
I K
N P
387
10. B]qcyamWaNex {]XnjvTw |
kap{Zam]x {]hnin kth |
XZyXvImambw {]hnin kth |
k imnam]vt\mXn \ ImaImao |
kqcy khc kfpw {KlnpXp t]msebpw
An khXpw `n pXp t]msebpw tbmKnhnjb
t`mmhmsWnepw ip\mIbm ]m]]pWyfm
en]vX\mIpn. Fpw \ndp ANenXnIfp
kap{Zn Pew {]thinpXpt]mse tbmKnbn
khhnjb kpJ fpw {]thin pp. Fnepw Ah
AN e\mWv. AXn\m Ah imn {]m]npp. F
m hnjbmkcmb Iman I B in t\Spn.
11. \ \ntcmt[m \ tNmXv]nx |
\ _tm \ N km[Ix |
\ apapp \ ssh apx |
CtXyjm ]camXx ||
12. sFlnImapjvanI {hmX |
knssy apt kntb |
_lpIrXyw ]pcm kymt |
XXv kha[p\m IrXw ||
13. XtZh IrXIr XyXzw |
{]Xntbm Kn ]pccw |
ZpxJnt\m f x kwkcp |
Imaw ]p{XmZyt]bm ||
14. ]cam\ ]qtmlw |
kwkcman Inanbm |
A\pXnjvTp ImWn |
]ctemIbnbm khx ||
15. khtemImIw Ikvam
Z\p XnjvTman Inw IYw |
hymhXmw tX ikv{XmWn
thZm\ [ym]bp hm
Bpw ebtam Dev]ntbm C. Bcpw _\pw
km[ I\pa. apapphpan, ap\pan , Cl]ctemI
Iknnv A{]Imcw apne`nm apv hfsc
sbms sNtXpmbncpp. Ctm AsXmw
]qnbmbn. Av Hmtcm tbmKsbpw apJyambn A\p
km\w sNbvXv Ah[qX AXn kwXr ]v X\pw IrX
IrXy\pamIpp. Am\nI ]p{XmZnIp thn
ZpxJn IpSppp. Fm Rm ]cam\]q
\mWv . ]c temI{]m]vXnbn B{Klap h thWsan
B B{Klv {]hns. ]t, Rm kh
temIn sbpw BmhmWv , khtemIab \mWv. B
nXnv Rms\n\v Iw sNpp? CXn A[nIm
cnIfmb h thWsan {]hN\tam thZm[yb \tam \S
nsm s.
16. tb f {Xm[mImcntWm ta Xp |
\m[nImtcm f {Inb XzXx |
\n{Zm`nt kv\m\ iutN |
t\man \ Itcman N ||
17. {ZmctXv Iev]bp |
Inw ta kymZ\y Iev]\mXv |
KpWvPm]pRvPmZn ZtlyX |
\m\ym tcm]nX hn\m
\m\ymtcm]nX kwkmc
[m ss\halw `tP ||
18. irWzzmX XXzmkvtX |
Pm\ IkvamXv irtWmarlw |
a\ymw kwibm]m |
\ at\y f lakwibx
19. hn]cykvtXm \nZn[ymtk |
Inw [ym\ahn]cytb |
tZlmXzhn]cymkw |
\ IZmNnXv `Pmarlw |
20. Alw a\pjy CXymZn |
hyhlmtcm hn\m]yapw |
hn]cymk Nncm`ykvX
hmk \mtXm f hI ev ]tX
A[nImc ap h {]hN\w \SpItbm thZw ]Tn
npItbm sNbv XpsIms. {Inbmc lnX\mIbm
F\nv AXn\[nImcan. Rm \n{Ztbm `ntbm
kv\m\tam iuNtam B{Klnpn. ImgvNm ap hn[
n NnnpsIm s. F\nv ap {]Imc n Nnn
nsp Imcyw? ap h amSnpcphn An Btcm
]ntms. AXpsImv amSn pcp IpIbn . Fs
Dn {]m]nI IfpsS Btcm]an. XXzw {Kln
m h tIpsIms. Rm XXzw {Klnp Ign p.
kwibmep a\\w sNs. hn]coX]cnKW\ D
h thWsan \nZn[ymkw sNbvXpsIm s. Fm
hn]cymkw CmnSv [ym\ ns Bhiysav?
tZls Bmshp am\np hn]cymkw F\nv C.
AXn\m F\nv \nZn[ymkns Bhiyhpan. Rm
a\pjy\mWv F NnmKXnbpw hn]cymkw IqSmsX
DmIpn. Cu hn]cymkhpw ZoLImem`ymkm
hmk\ sImmWv kw`hnp Xv.
I K
N P
388
21. Bc_v[ IWn otW |
hyhlmtcm \nhtX |
Itb Xzku ss\h |
imtayym\ kl{kXx |
22. hncfXzw hyhlrtX |
cnw tNym\ akvXp tX |
_mlyIhy hlrXnw
]iy [ymbmarlw IpXx
23. hntt]m \mknX bkv amt
\ kam[n kvXtXm aa I
hntt]m hm kam[nhm |
a\kx kymZznImcnWx |
\nXym\p`hcq]ky tIm
ta f {Xm\p`hx ]rYnIv ||
24. IrXw IrXy {]m]Wobw |
{]m]vXnantXyh \nXyix |
hyhlmtcm euIntIm hm |
imkv{Xotbm hm f \yYm]n hm |
25. aamIpc te]ky
bYmc_v[w {]htX ||
{_m_v[fmb Iv bw kw`hnmte
Cu hyhlmcw Ahkm\n pIbpq. B \nebn
{]mc_v[ Iw Ahkm\n mXncnpn Stmfw F{X
tbsd [ym\w sNbvXmepw Cu hyhlmcw ian pIbn .
hyhlmcw Ipdb Wsapsn [ym\np sImq.
Fm Fs Zrn bn hyhlmcta C. B \nebn
Rm Fn\v [ym\nWw? F\nv hnt]an. kam
[nbnencnt Bhiyhpan. a\v hnImcbphpw
hnt]bphpamWv. AtmgmWv kam[n thXv. Rm
\nXym\p`hcq]\mWv F\nv kam[n sImv F\p`hw
DmIpw? Rm sNt Xv sNbvXp Ignp. t\Sm\p
Xv t\Sn. AXn\m F\nv euInIamtbm AmsXtbm
Hcp hyhlmchpw A\pjv TntXmbnn. Rm Im
h. tIhew {]mc_v[ Im\pkrXamb {]h \
\S s.
26. AYhm IrXIr tXym]n |
temIm\p{Kl Imaybm |
imkv{XntbssWh amtW |
htlw aa Im Xnx ||
27. tZhm\kv\m\ iuN
`nmZu hXmw h]px |
Xmcw P]Xp hmIv XZzXv |
]TXzmav\mb akvXIw ||
28. hnjvWpw [ymbXp [ocyZzm |
{_m\t hneobXmw ||
29. IrXIr XyXbm Xr]vXmx |
{]m]vX{]m]yXbm ]p\x |
Xr]ythw kza\km |
a\ytX f ku \nccw ||
AYhm Rm IrXIrXy\msWnepw temIm\p{Kl
n\v imkv t{Xm hn[nb \pkcnv \S ps n F\n
s mWv lm\n? tZh]qPmkv\m\w, iuNw, `n Fn
hbn icocw hym]cns. hmv HmwImcw P]ns.
D]\njp ]Tn s. _pn hnjvWp[ym\\n cXam
I s. Asn {_m \ n ebn s. Rm
tIhew kmn am{Xw. Cu Imcy sfmpw Rm sNp
n. sNnppan . IrXIrXy\msWXn Rm
Xr]v X \mWv . {]m]n t Xv Rm {]m]np Ignp.
AXpsImv Rm Xr]vX \mIpp. Cs\ Rm Nnn
pp.
30. [t\ym f lw [t\ym f lw |
\nXyw kzmm\ aRvPkm thZvan |
[t\ym f lw [t\ym f lw |
{_m\tm hn`mXn ta kv]w ||
31. [t\ym f lw [t\ym f lw |
ZpxJw kmwkmcnIw \ hnty f Zy |
[t\ym f lw [t\ym f lw |
kzkym\w ]embnXw Izm]n ||
32. [t\ym f lw [t\ym f lw |
Ihyw ta \ hnZytX InnXv |
[t\ym f lw [t\ym f lw |
{]m]vXhyw kh{X kw]w ||
33. [t\ym f lw [t\ym f lw |
[t\ym [\yx ]p\]p\[\yx |
[t\ym f lw [t\ym f lw |
Xr]vXnta tIm]mam `thtmtI
34. Atlm ]pWyatlm ]pWyw |
^enXw ^enXw ZrVw |
Aky ]pWyky ktx |
Atlm hb atlm hbw ||
35. Atlm m\atlm m\
atlm kpJatlm kpJw |
Atlm imkv{Xatlm |
imkv{Xatlm Kpcpctlm Kpcpx ||
I K
N P
389
36. CXn b CZ a[otXtkm f ]n IrX IrtXym
`hXn. kpcm]m\mXv ]qtXm _hXn. kzkvtX
bmXv ]qtXm `hXn. {_ l XymXv ]qtXm `h Xn.
IrXymIrXymXv ]qtXm `hXn. Ghw hnZnXzmtkz
mNmc]tcm `qbmtZmw kXyanXyp]\njXv.
Rm [\y\mWv, Rm [\y\mWv. FpsIms
m Rm {]bmkw IqSmsX Bmhns\ Adn bpp.
Rm [\y\mWv, [\y\mWv . ImcWw Fn {_m\w
{]Iminpp. Rm [\y[ \y\mWv FpsImsm
Rm Ctm kmwkmcnI ZpxJa\p`hnpn. Rm
[\y[\y\mWv. ImcWw Fs Am\w \ambncnp
p. Rm [\y[\y\mWv . ImcWw F\nv sNtXm
bnsmpw Xs bn. Rm [\y[ \y\mWv. ImcWw Rm
ChnsS kmZnt Xv kmZnp. Rm [\y[ \y\mWv,
Fsm Fs Xr]vXnv temIn Hcp D]abn.
Rm [\y[\y\mWv. AXn]pWyw Cu ]pWy kv
ZrVambn ^enp. R [\y[ \ycmWv . m\w kpJw
imkv {Xw Kpcp Fmhcpw [\ycmIpp.
C{]Imcw D]\njv A[yb\w sNp hyn
IrX IrXy\mbnocpp. aZy]m\nbmsWnepw ]cnip
\mbn ocpw. kztammhmsWnepw {_ l Xym
c\msWnepw ]cnip\mIpp. ImcyImcy sNbvX
hs\nepw hnip \mIpp. Cs\ bp m\w e`n
Xn \ptijw Bm\pIqeambn {]hnmw Hmw
kXyw.
Ah[qtXm]\njv kam]np.
Q
Btm]\njv
1
3
imn ]mTw
Hmw. `{Zw It`nx irWpbma tZhmx `{Zw
]tiy-am--`nb-P{Xmx nssccw-ssKkvXpjvSp
hmw- k- kv X- \q- `n hytia tZh- lnXw bZmbpx
kzkvXn \ Ct{m hrizmx hm kzkvXn \x]qjm
hniztZhmx kzkvXn \ kvXmty AcnjvSt\anx
kzkvXn t\m _rl- kv]Xn Z[mXp. Hmw imnx
imnx imnx
tZhmsc, R-fpsS I- awKfw {ihnp
amdmIs. IpIfm awKfw ImWpamdmIs. BtcmK-
ZrV-i- coccmbn R \nsf kv XpXnm\nShcpIbpw
tZhm Rv \InbnpnStmfw Bbpv awK-
fambn ]cnW- annpIbpw sNpamdmIs almIon
am\mb C{ Rv awK- facpftW. hnizthm
hmbm ]qjmhv Rv awK-facpftW. A{]- Xntcm[yK-
Xnbmb KcpU Rv awKfw \ItW. _rl-kzXn
Rv awKfw \ItW. Hmw. imnx imnx imnx
1. lcnx Hmw. AYmw-Kncm kv{Xnhn[ ]pcpj-kvXZy
Ym- _mlym Acmm ]camm tNXn.
2. XzIv N amwktcmamw-KpjvTmKpeyx ]rjvThw
i- \J- Kpevt^mZc \m^n ta{U ISyp. cp It]me
t{im{X {`qe- emS _mlp- ]miz intcm- [- a\n
ImoWn `hn PmbtX {In bX CtXyj
_mlymm
3. AYmcmm \ma ]rYn hym]- kvtXtPmhmbp
cmImti-mtZzj-kpJ- ZpxJ Imataml hnIev]-\m
Zn`nx kvarXnenwK DZmm\p Zm {lkzZoL-
p-X-kv J-en-XKPnXkv ^pSnX apZnX \rKoX
hmZn{X {]fb-hnPrw`nXmZn`nx t{imXm {LmXm ck
bnXm am t_mm Im- hn- m- \m- m,
]pcpjx ]pcmW-\ymb-aowamw km [ imkv{Xm
WoXn {ihW {LmWm- IjW I hnti-
jWw ItcymtXy- tjmcmm \ma.
I K
N P
390
AwKncv F ]cammhv, Bmhv A-cmm
hv, ]cammhv, Fo aqphn[n Dmbn. ico-c
nse sXmen, Nw, amwkw, apSn, AwKpjvTw, hncep
I, \sv, \Jw, IW- m, hb-dv, \m`n, aqt{X{nbw,
ISn {]tZiw, PwL, Igpv, sNhn, ]pcnIw, s\n, _mlp
]mizw, incv, [a\nI, IpI ChbmWv As
ZrjvSnbn Bmhns kzcq]w. Ah XsbmWv Bm
shpw AhbpsS D`hhpw \mihpw DmIp-Xp
sImv Bmhpw P\\acW kz`mhtmSpIqSnb-Xm
sWpw [cnpp. Cs\ A- cmmhpw ]rYzn, Pew,
tXPv, hmbp, BImiw XpSnb {Zhyfpw CmtZzj-
kpJ- ZpxJmZn KpW- fpw Imaw, tamlw, Xw, hnXw,
kv arXn, enwKw, DZmw, A\pZmw, {lkzw, ZoLw,
pXw XpSnb kzct`Zfpw kvJenXw, KPnXw, kv^p
SnXw, arZnXw, \rXyw, KoXw, hmZn{Xw XpSnb [z\n
kzcq]fpw {]fbhnPrw`WmZnIfm t{imXmhv {LmXmhv
ck-bnXmhv t\Xmhv Imhv hnm\mmhv ]pcmW-
]pcpj \ymbw aoamwk XpSnb [ imkv{Xfpw
Ah- bn- semw A- cym- an- bmbn {ihWw {LmW\w
BIjWw Fnhbpw IhntijW- fpw Cu A
cmmhv A\pjvTnpp.
4. AY ]camm \ma bYmcw D]mk\obx k
N {]mWm-bm- a- {]- Xymlm- cm- [m-c- Wm-[ym- \-k- am-[n-
tbmKm\pam\m[ymNnIw hSIWnImhm iymam
IX-WvUptem hm _mem{K- i-Xkl{k hnIev]-
\m`nx k e`ytX t\m]- e- `ytX \ PmbtX \
{anbtX \ ipjyXn \ nZytX \ ZlyXn \
ItX \ `n ZytX \ On ZytX \n Kp - Wx -
kmo`qXx iptm \n c- h- b- hmm tIhex
kqv tam\n-jv Item \ncRv Pt\m \nhnIm-cxi-
_v Zkv ]i- cq]-ckK-hPntXm \nhnIevt]m
\n cm- Imwx kh- hym]o tkm Nn tym
\nhWy ]p\mXy- ipm\y-]qXm\n \njv{Inb
kvXky kwkmtcm \mkvXo- Xn.
]cammhv tImSnIWn\v PohnIfm Cuizccq
]-n Bcm[nsSp-Xn\m DmIp- Xpt]mse
Cu ]camc ]cammhpw {]mWmbmaw {]Xymlmcw
[mcW [ym\w kam[n tbmKw A\pam\w B-hnNn
\w apXembh aptJ\ Ghpw kqvahpw Hcp Xe
ap- Sn - bpsS A- ns Bbn- c- n- sem- n- s\- m
kqvahpw "B ]c{_w Rm\mIpp' F NnmK-
Xnbm e`npItbm e`nmXncnpItbm sNp-Xp
amIpp. AXv Hcnepw P\npn, hndbvpn.
s]mpn. tOZns- Spn. AXv \nKpWhpw kh
{]-amW-`qXhpw ipkzcq]hpw \ne\pw \ncRv P\\pw
hnImclo\\pw i_vZcq]-cklo\\pw m\clnX\pw
\nhnIev]\pw BImw-bnmh\pw khhym]nbpw
ANny\pw hm\mXo- X\pamIpp AXv. Aiphpw
A]- hn{Xhpamb-Xns\ iphpw ]hn{XhpamIpp. AXn\v
kmwkmcnI _\an.
1. Bkwx inhx ipx |
GI GhmZzbx kZm |
{_cq]- Xbm {_ |
tIhew {]Xn`mktX |
2. PKXvcq]-Xbmt]y- XXv |
{_ss h {]Xn `mktX |
hnZym hnZym-Zznt`- tZ\ |
`mhm`m-hmZnt`ZXp | |
3. KpcpinjymZnt`tZ\ |
{_ssh tIhewipw |
hnZytX XXz Zit\ | |
\ N hnZym \ NmhnZym |
\ PK \ Nm]cw kXy- tXz\ PKZv `m\w |
kwkmcky {]hIw |
AkXytXz\ `m\w Xq |
kwkmcky \nhIw |
LtSm b anXn hnmXpw |
\nbax tIm\zt]- -tX. | |
Bmhv inhhpw iphpw GIhpw AZzbhpw {_
kzcq]hpw BbXpsImv tIhe {_kzcq]n {]Xn
`mknpp. PK{Zq]- nepw {_w XsbmWv {]Xn`m
knp- Xv . hnZy, AhnZy, `mhw, A`mhw Cu t`ZtmsS
{]Xn`mknpXpw {_w Xs. Kpcpinjy Cu t`Z
n ImWs-SpXpw {_w Xs. XXz Zi- \n
kh{X {]Xn`mknpXv {_amIpp. bYm- n
hnZy-bnm AhnZybn. PKpan asmpw Xs kXy
hpa. kXy-tmsS PKZv`m\w XsbmWv CXns
{]hI. Ak-Xy-tXz\ {]]- s {]Xn `mknn
p- Xv, CXns \nhI\mIpp. \psS apn
Ccnp IpSw IpSsa-dnbphm {]tXyI \nbasampw
B{i-bnt-Xntm.
6. hn\m{]- amW-kpjvSpXzw |
bkvan kXn ]Zm[o |
Ab-amm \nXy- knx |
{]amtW kXn `mktX | |
7. \ tZiw \m]n Imew hm |
\ipow hm]y-t]- tX |
tZhZtm lantXy-XXv |
hnm\w \nct]-- Iw. | |
XZv {_hntZym]y |
I K
N P
391
ky{_- mlanXn thZ\w |
`m\pt\h PKZv khw |
`mkytX bky tXPkm |
A\mI akpw |
Inw \p Xkyh `mkIw |
thZimkv{X ]pcmWm\n |
`qXm\n kIem\y]n |
10. tb\mhn Xw Inw \p |
hnmXmcw {]Imi- tbXv |
p[mw tZl- hyYmw Xyzm |
_mex {IoUXn hkvXp\n | |
11. XssYh hnZzm catX |
\nta \nclw kpJo |
Imam \njvIm acq-]okw |
NctXyI Ntcm ap\nx | |
{]amWw IqSmsX Xs apnencnp Hmtcm
]Zm-nsbpw m\w knn-p-pv. AXp
t]mse \nXy-knamb Cu Bmhv {]Xy- -{]- amW
n\p tij- amWv {]Xn`mknp- Xv. Hmtcm hkvXphpw
{_ kzcq]-amb- Xn\m {]amW- sampamhiyan. DZm
l-cW- n\v tZhZ F Hcp hynbpsS \masaSp
pI. AXns m\w \nct]--amWv. AXn\v tZi
ImemZnI \nct]- -amWv.
{_m\nbpsS ""Rm {_amWv'' F t_m[w
XsbmWv {] kmmXvmcw. kIe PKpw kqcy
\m {]Im-inXambncnp- Xpt]mse AJWvU {]
Wv Uhpw AXns tXPpsImp Xs {]Iminpp.
AXns {]Xy knnbn asmcp {]amWw tXSpI
sb-Xv A\mIhpw Akmchpw XphpamWv. thZw
imkv{Xw ]pcmWw hnhn[ PohnI Fnh Bcp aqe
amtWm kmIambncnpXv hnmXmhmb B
{_s GsXnepw {]amW- n\v {]amWo-Icnm
km[y-amtWm? hnipw thZ\bpw adv _meI Ifn
bn apgpInbncnp-Xpt]mse m\n aaXmlo\\pw
Al-mclo-\\pw kpJnam\pambn {_n B\n
psImn-cnp-p. ap\n Ima\I-sfmpanmsX kpJ-
tmsS GImInbmbn hnNcnpp.
12. kzmss\h kZmXpjvSx |
kzbw khm\m nXx |
\n[t\m ]n kZm XpjvtSm |
]y klmtbm alm _ex | |
13. \nXyx Xr]vtXm ]y`p-RvPmt\m
]ykax ka-Zi\x |
Iph]n \ IphmW
mt`mm ^et`ymKy]n | |
14. ico- cy- ]y- i- co-tcyj |
]cnntm ]n khKx |
Ai- cocw kZm k
anZw {_anZw IzNnXv | |
15. {]nbm{]ntb \ kv]piXx |
kvXssYh N. ip`mip`x |
Xa- km-{K-kvX-hZv `m\m
Z{KkvtXm ]n chnss\x
kzw Bmhn Ftmgpw kpjvS\pw kzbw
khK- X\pw BsWp Nnnp \n[\s\nepw kp
jv S\mbn, \nlmb-s\-nepw _ehm\mbn Blmc
sampw Ignnsnepw kwXr]vX\mbn Ak-a\msW-
nepw kaZinbmbn, ImhmsW- nepw AIm
hmbn ^et`mmhmsW- nepw At`mmhmbn ico-cn
bmsW-nepw icoclo\\mbn ]cnn- \msWnepw kh
hym]nbmbn ImWs- Sp {_m\nsb HcnSpw
{]nbm{]nb- kv ]inpn. Ah Hcmsf {]nb-
s\tm thmsdm-cps\ A{]nb- s\tm IcpXpn-.
AXpt]mse ip`mip`fpw Ahs\ kv ]inpn.
Ahs ZrjvSnbn kIeXpw Xpey-amWv. kqcy Ccp
n adsp tXmpsanepw adnn.
16. {KkvX CXyp NyptX {`mym
hymXzm hkvXpeWw |
XZz-tlmZn_-tt`ym |
hnapw {_hnaw
17. ]iy- n tZlnhqVm |
ico- cm-_mkZi\mXv |
Aln\nezb- \o-hmbw |
aptZl kvXpXnjvTXn | |
18. CXkvXX mey- amt\m |
bXv InnXv {]mW-hmbp\m |
t{kmXkm \obtX Zmcp |
bYm \navt\m- Xew | |
19. ssZth\ \nbtX tZtlm
XYm Imtem ]n]vXnjp
eymey KXnw Xyzm |
bkvXnjvtTXv tIhem\m | |
20. inh Gh kzbw kmm
Zbw {_ hnZpax |
I K
N P
392
Pohth kZm apx |
IrXmtm {_ hnax | |
hkvXpX a\nemmsX {`mnaqew kqcy Ccp
n adpshv Nnns-Spp. AXpt]mse tZlmZn
_- fn \npw ap\mb {_m\nsb ico- cm
`mkm Adnhnm BfpI tZltmSp IqSnb-
hs\v a\nempp. ]mv ]Sw s]mgnp- Xnt\mSv
CXns\ XmcXay- s- Spmw. ]mns ]Sw ]mmIpIn
btm. \Znbn XSnI HgpIntmIp-Xpt]mse `mKy
n tZlhpw Imens {]hml- n Hmtcm Znn
tev \bns- Spp. C-s\bmsWnepw eyme
y-KXn ssIhnv tIhemmhn Xs kpnX\m
bncnp- h {_m\nIfn t{ijv T\pw kmm
inh\pw inhkz-cq]\pamIpp. IrXm\mb {_
m\n Pohp\pw imizX\pamWv.
21. D]m[n\mimXv {_ssh |
kZv {_mt]yXn \nZzbw |
ssieqtjm thj kZv`mhm
`mhtbm bYm ]pam ||
22. XssYh {_hnXv t{ijvTx |
kZm {_ss h \m]cx |
LtS \jvtS bYm thyma |
thymssah `hXn kzbw ||
23. XssYthm]m[n hnetb |
{_ssh {_hnXv kzbw |
ocw otc bYm n]vXw |
ssXew ssXte Pew Pte |
24. kwbp taIXmw bmXn |
XYm\ym hnp\nx |
Ghw hntZl ssIheyw |
km{XXza-J-Wv UnXw ||
25. {_`mhw {]]- ssZyj |
bXn \mh tX ]p\x |
kZmIXz hnm\
ZKv[m hnZymZn hjvaWx ||
m\n D]m[n \mi- m {_ kzcq- ]- \mbn
{_lo-\\mbn `hnpp. AXv \nenb-amWv. \S
cwK- n ]e- th- j- nepw {]Xy- - s- Sm- sa- nepw
bYm-ap Hcp hynbmW-tm. AXpt]mse {_
m\nbpw {_w XsbmWv. IpSw DSpt]mbm
IpSns Dnepmbncp BImiw BImi- ambn
s Ahti- jnpp. AXpt]mse D]m[n hnebw
{]m]n- Xn\p- tijw {_-m\n {_kzcq- ]-ambn-
s `hnpp. ]men ]mepw F-bn Fbpw
Pen Pehpw tNm Ah Hmbno-cp- Xpt]m
sebmWv B- m\nbmb ap\nbpsSbpw Bmhn
sbpw nXn hntZl ssIhey {]m]vXnptijw km
{Xhpw AJWvU hn{K-l-hpamb {_ `mhs {]m]nv
bXn ]noSv kwkmc N{In s]v Bh {]{Inb-
n s]Spn. Fsm kZmIXz hnm\
m Ahs hnZybpw AhnZybpw Fmw \inpp.
26. Aapjy {_`q-XXzamXv |
{_mWx IpX Dhx |
ambm n]vXu _tamu |
\ kvXx kzm\n hkvXpXx ||
27. bYm cu \njv{Inbmbmw |
km`mkhn\n au |
BhrtXm kZkXzm`ymw |
hthy _tamtW ||
28. \mhrXn{_ ImNn
Z[ym`hm`h\m hrXw |
AkvXoXn {]Xytbm b |
b \mkvXoXn hkvXp\n ||
29. _pt-tch KpWmt]Xu |
\ Xp \nXyky hkvXp\x |
AXkvXu ambbm n]vXu |
_tamu \ Nm\n ||
30. \njvIte \njv{Intb imt |
\nchtZy \ncRvPt\ |
AZznXotb ]tc XtXz |
thymahXv Iev]\m IpXx |
31. \ \ntcmt[m \ tNmXv]- n
\ _tm \ N km[Ix |
\ apapp\ sshapx |
CtXy- jm, ]camXm |
CXyp-]\n-j- Xv .
bXn {_cq]-amb-Xn\ptijw B {_n\v F-
s\bmWv Dev]n? ambm \nnXamb _- tam-
bYmn {_n\n. {Inbmln\amb Ib-dn
k- {`mn Dmb-Xn\ptijw AXv Ahkm\np Ign
m ]ns tIhew Ib am{Xsa t_m[w hcp
p. AXpt]mse Xs kZkZv`mhm Bmhn
_tam- apfhmpXpw, CmXmIpXpw {_n\v
I K
N P
393
Bhrnbn. AXv BhrXhpw A\mhrXhpamsWv
tXmpw. ambmP\nXamb _tam- Bmhn\n
. \njv Ifhpw \njv{In-bhpw imhpw \nchZyhpw
\nRvP\hpw AZznXob- hpamb ]caXXzn LSmImiw
aTmImiw XpSnb `mh\Iv Xpeyw hn`nX Iev]n
Q
imn ]mTw
Hmw hmMv ta a\kn {]Xn jvTnXm at\m ta hmNn
{]XnjvTn X amhn cmhoa G[n th[kya BWox
{ipXw taam{]hmkoc t\\m[otX\m tlmcm{XmXv
kwZ[man EXw hZn jyman. kXyw hZn jyman. Xm
a hXp. XZzmca hXp. A]Xpamw. AhXphmc
a hXp hm cw. Hmw imnx imnx imnx
Hmw. Fs hmv a\ n nc ambncntW. a\v
hmn ncambncntW. tl kzbw {]Imimmth,
Av Fs apn {]XyamItW. hmMv a\pIsf,
\n Fs thZm\n\m[mcamWv. AXn\m
Fs thZm[yb \s \inncpXv. Cu thZm[yb \
n Xs bmWv Rm cmhp ]Iepw Nnehgn pXv .
Rm am\knIambpw hmNnIambpw kXyw ]dbpw Fs
cnpI. hmhns\ cnpI. Fs cnpI.
hmhns\ cn pI. Hmw imnx imnx imnx
1. Hmw {]XyKm\w {_]pcpjw {]Whkzcq]w
BImc DImcaImc CXn {Xycw {]Whw XtZ
XtZmanXn bapzmapNytX tbmKn Pkwkmc _
\mXv \tam Hmw \tam \mcmbWmb iwJ {IK
Zm[cmb Xkv amXv Hmw \tam \mcm bWm tbXn
at{m]mkvtIm sshIpWvT `ph\w KanjyXn
{]XyKm\ amb {_ ]pcpj AImcw DImcw aImcw
Fo aqv A ctfmSp IqSnb {]Whkzcq]\mWv.
AXp {]Whsa Hmmcw XsbmWv. AXp P]nm
3
1
B{]t_mt[m]\nv
tbmKn kmwkv ImcnI _ \ n \n apIX\mbn Xocp
p. iwJN{I[mcnbmb \mcmb W\v \akvImcw AXp
sImv Hmw \tam \mcmb Wmb \ax F a{w D]mkn
p h sshIpWv T temIw {]m]npp.
2. AY bZnZw {_]pcw ]pcoIw Xkvam
UnZm` am{Xw Zo]hXv {]Imiw
Cu lrZb Iaew {_]pcamWv. AXv XsbmWv
hnZypn\p Xpeyamb Zo]kam\ambn {]IminpsImn
cn p Xv.
3. {_tWym tZhIo]p{Xm {_tWym
a[p kqZ\x
{_Wyx ]pcoImtm {_tWym
hnjvWpcNypXx
tZhIo]p{X {_kz cq]\mWv. a[pkqZ\ {_
kz cq]\mWv . ]p coIm {_kzcq]\mWv . ANyp
X\mb hnjvWp {_m I\mWv.
4. kh`qXtaIw \mcmbWw ImcW]pcpj
aImcWw ]cw {_ Hmw.
kh`qXmcmmhmbn GI\mb \mcmb W Xs
bmWv . ImcW ]pcp j Atlw ImcW cln X\pw
{_hpw Hmw Imc hpamIpp.
5. timI tam l hn \naptm hnjv Wp [ym b
koZXn. ssZzXmssZzXabw `hXn artXymxk arXyp
am]vt\mXn b Cl \mt\h ]iyXn.
m Fs\ Ignbpw? bYmn {_n\v
\ntcm[an, P-an, AXv _a km[I\pa, apap
ph, ap\pa Fv D]-\njv hyampp.
Btm]-\njv kam]np.
I K
N P
394
almhnjv Wphns\ [ym\nph timItaml hn
\np\mbn `hn pp. Ah\v XfbpmIpn .
Ah ssZzX ssZzX kzcq]\pw A`b kz cq]\pamWv . Cu
{_n t`Zw ImWp h arXyphn\v tijhpw arXyp
hns\ s {]m]npp.
6. lrXv] at[y khw b Xv {]mt\
{]Xn jv Tn Xw { ]m t\t{ Xm temIx {]m
{]XnjvTm {]m\w {_
7. k GtX\ {]t \m \m kv am tm ImXv
DXv{Iay Aapjvan kzt temtI khmIm
am\m]vXzmarXx ka`h ZarXx ka`hXv
8. b{X tPymXcP{kw bkv an temtI f `ylnXw
Xkvan amw tZln kzam \artX temtI AtX
ANyptX temtI AtX AarXXzw NKtXymw
\ax
lrXv ]a[yn nXn sNp kh kzcq]
amb {_w Xs bmWv {]m\n {]Xn jvTnXambn
cnp Xv. temIw {]bmIp t\{XtmSp IqSnb Xm
Wv . {] {]XnjvT {]m]npp. {_w {]m\ kzcq]
amWv . Bm\n DXvIr amb m\m Iamb B kz
cq]n Cu temIn \npw DXv{Ianv kz n
khB{Klfpw km[nv Aac\mbn `hnp. FhnsS
\nXyhpw tPymXnpv , GXp temIv Fm `mKp
\np ]qP \Spp B AactemIv Av F\nv
kzam\w {]Zm\w sNpI. A\ izchpw A b hpamb B
temIn Ah Kan pp.
cmw Jw
1. {]KfnX \nP amtbm f lw \nkvXpeZr incq]
hkv Xpamt{Xm f lw. AkvX anXmltm lw {]K
fnX PKZoi Poht`tZm f lw
Rm ambmap\mIpp. \nkv Xpey Zi\ kzcq]
hkv Xp am{X amWv. Rm Al \in h\mIpp.
Poh\pw ]c ammhpw Xn t`Zw AkvXanh\mIpp.
2. {]XyK`n]tcm f lw hn[zkvXmtijhn[nXn
tjt[m f lw, kapZkvXm{iantXm f lw {]hnX
kpJ ]q kwhntZhmlw
Rm {]XyKmmhn \nv A`n amb ]c ammhm
Wv. Fm hn[n \ntj[fpw F\nv CmXmbn. Rm
B{ia[amsI ssIhnp Rm kpJkq\pw
m\ kzcq] \pamWv .
3. kmy\t]tm f lw \nPalnav\n kwtm
f laNtem f lw. APtcm f lahytbm f lw
]hn] mZnt` Zhn [ptcmlw
Rm kmnbpw \nc t]\pamWv. Rm kza lna
bn nXn sNp h\pw ANe\pamWv. Rm APc\pw
Ahyb\pw ]hn]mZn t`Zanmh\pamWv .
4. Aht_mss[Ictkm f lw tamm\ssI
knkptchmlw, kqvtaml f atcm f lw hnK
fnX KpWPmem tIhemlw
Rm Aht_mss[Ick\pw tamm\ssIkmK
chpw kqv ahpw Achpw KpWPmeapamb tIh
emmhpamWv .
5. \nkv ss{X Kp Wy ]tZm f lw Ipn m t\
Item II e t\mlw IqS tN Xt\m f lw
\njv {In b[mam f la {]XtIymlw
Rm \nkvss{XKpWyhZ\pw At\I temIsf
Ipn bnsemXnnbh\pw IqStNX\pw \njv{Ib[m
amhpw A{]XIy\pamWv .
6. GtIm f la hnItem f lw \ne\nhmW
aqn tc hmlw \nc ] bthm f latPym f lw
tIhe km{Xkmc`qtXm f lw
Rm GI\pw Ahn I e\pw \n e \nhm W
aqnbpw \nIrhbhw AP\pw tIhe km{Xkmc
\pam Wv .
7. \nc h[n\nP t_mt[m f lw ip`Xc`mthm f
la{]t`
tZym f lw hn`qcl a\htZym f lw \nch[n
\noa XXzamt{Xm f lw
Rm \nch[nt_m[w tNh\pw ip`Xc`mh\pw
A{]t`Zy\pw hn`phpw A\ hZy\pw At As A\
X XzhpamWv .
8. thtZym f lamKam sscmcm[yx kIe`qh\
lrtZym f lw. ]cam\ Lt\m f lw ]cam\ss
IZqacq t]mlw
Rm thZ fm Adnb stSh\pw Bcm[y\pw
kIe`ph\lrZy\pw ]c am\kz cq]\pw ]c am\ssI
kmmXvmc hpamWv .
9. iptm f laZztbmlw kX`mthm f lamZn
iqt\ym f lw. ianXmx {XnXtbm f lw.
_ptmaptmlapXmmlw
Rm ip\pw Bc\pw imizXhnm\kac
k\pw tim[nX ]c XXz\pw t_m[m\ ssIaqnbpamWv.
10. iptZ[m f lamtcm f lw imizXhn PRm
\ k a c km m lw. tim[n X ] cX tXzm f lw.
t_m[m\ss Iaqn tc hmlw
I K
N P
395
11. hnthIbpn _pymlw Pm\maym\aZzbw
XYm]n _tammZn hyhlmcx {]XobtX
hnthIbpn Ie _pnbm Bmhv AssZz
Xsa dnbppshnepw F\nv _tam mZn hyhlm
cns {]XoX bpmIpp.
12. \nhrtm]n f {]]tm ta kXyhZv `mXn
khZm
kmZu cpkth {_kssh
tIhew
Fs Zrnbn \npw {]]w hfsc ZqscbmsW
nepw AXv kXysa t]mse tXmpp. kmZnIfn
cpJ ns k D Xpt]mse Xs bmWv {]]
ns Akv Xn Xzw.
13. {]] m [mc cqt]W htX f tXm PK
ln btY Ip j ck kw hy]v Xm icm
htX XYm
{_k am{XamWv {]] n\m[mcw PKv A.
]kmc Icnns ckm hym]vXamsW Xpt]mse
bmWXv.
14. AZzb {_cqt]W hym]vtXm f lw ssh
PK {Xbw
{_mZn IoS ]cym {]mWnt\m abn
Iev]nXmx
AssZzX {_cq]n Rm {Xn`ph\ fnepw
hym]n n cn pp. {_w apX IoSw hsc bpsXmw
Fn HXppp.
15. _pZv _pZmZn hnImcmkvXcmKm kmKtc bYm
XcwKw {Zhw knp\ hmwRvOcXn bYm XYm
hnjbm\ hmRv Om ta amqZm\ cq]Xx
kap{Zm Ipanf apX Xncamehscbp cq]
]nXambncnp Xpt]mse Fs Dn {_mZn
IoS]cyap Fm PohnIfpw Iev]nXamWv. kap{Zw Xcw
Knse Pew {Klnm Xpt]mse tIhem\ kzcq]
\mIbm F\nv hnjbm\ n Xmev]cyan.
16. Zmcn{ZyimbYm \mkvXn kwk]Xn ky XYm aa
{_m\t \naky hnjbmim \ XZv `thXv
[\hm\v Zmcn{Zys nbp Biv km[yXbnm
Xpt]mse {_m\n \na\mb F\nv hn{`
bmian.
17. hnjw Zrzm f arXw Zrzmhnjw XyPnXn
_pn am
Bm\a]n Zrzmlm a\mm\w XyPmarlw
hnjw AarXw Fnh ImWptm _pam\mb a\p
jy hnjw XyPnpXpt]mse Rm\pw Bmhns\
Inv A\mmhns\ XyPnpp.
18. LSh`mkvtIm `m\p LS\mti \ \iyXn
tZlmh`mkIx kmo tZl\mti \ \iyXn.
LSw {]Imin np kqcy LSn\v \miw kw`
hn mepw \inpn. AXpt]mse icocw {]Iminn
p kmn tZl \miw kw`hnmepw \inpn.
19. \ta _tm \taapn \ta imkv{Xw \ta
Kpcp
ambmam{X hnImkXzmmbmXotXm f l aZzbx
F\nv _\an. tamhpan. F\nv imkv{X
an Kpcphpan. Fsm CsXmw ambbpsS hnImkw
am{XamWv .
20. {]mWm ep Xss Imssahm
l\yXmw a\x
B\_pn ]qkyaa ZpxJw IYw `thXv
{]mW s]mbvsms. a\v kz[ tfmSpw
Ima\ ItfmSpsamw \inpsIm s. B\ kq \m
Ibm F\nss\ ZpxJapmIpw.
21. Bm\aRvPkm thZvan Izm]ym\w
]embnXw
IXrXzaZy ta \w Ihyw hm]n \
IzNnX
Bm hns\ A\m bmkw Rm\ dn bp p. Fs
Am\w FhnsS t]msbs \n dnpIqSm. Ctm
Fs Ihyw \ambn. F\nv Ihyw Hpan.
22. {_Wyw IpetKmt{X N \makucy PmXbx
qetZlKXm GtX qemXv `nky ta
\ ln
{_Wyw Ipew tKm{Xw \maw kucyw PmXn Ch
qetZl KX fmWv. Rm qecq]n \npw `n
\mIbm F\nv Ahbpambn _an.
23. pXv]n]mkmy_m[ncy Imat{Im[m Ztbm
f Jnem
enwK tZl KXm GtX lyenwKky \ kn ln
pv ]n]mk AX _m[ncyw Imaw t{Im[w Fo
Fm [epw enwK icocn nXnsNpp. Rm
enwK icoc amXpsImv Fn Ahsbmpan.
24. PU Xz {] btam ZXz [m ImcW tZl Km\
kn aa \nXyky \nhnImc kzcq]nWx
PUXzw {]nbtamZXzw Fnh ImcW icoc [
fmWv. \nXy\pw \nhnImc kzcq]\pamIbm Cu [
Fs _m[nn.
I K
N P
396
25. Deq Iky bYm `m\p c Imcx {]Xo btX
kz{]Imti ]cm\t Xtam aqVky PmbtX
aqv kqcy A Imc ab ambnImWp Xpt]mse
Am\nv kzbw {]Imiamb ]cam\ n Am
\ta ImWm km[nppq.
26. NXp Zrn\ntcmt[ f ss{`kqtcym \mkvXoXn
a\ytX
XYmm\mhrtXm tZlo {_\mkvXoXn
a\ytX
\mep`mKp\npw taL Zrn \ntcm[np
tm kqcy\nsv BfpIv tXmpXpt]mse
Am\mhrX\mb Pohn {_w Csv IcpXpp.
27. bYmarXw hnjmZv `nw hnjtZmssj \
en]ytX
\ kv]riman PUmXv `ntm PUtZm`m{]
ImiXx
AarXw hnjn \nv `namIbm AXv hnj
tZmjm `qjn X amImXp t]mse Rm PUn
\npw `n amIbm Fs PUtZmjw kv ]inpn.
28. kzev]m]n Zo]IWnIm _lpew \mitbax
kzev t]m f ]n t_mt[m \n_nw _lpfw \mi
tb ax
Zo]ns sNdnb {]Imin\pw \n_nmImcw
\innm Ign bpp. AXpt]mse Aev ]amb m\
n\p \n_nm Imc amIp Am\w \innm Ign
bpp.
29. Ime {Xtb bYm ktm cu\mkvXn
XYm abn
AlmcmZn tZlmw PKmkvXyl aZzbx
{XnIme fnepw Ibdn kanmXpt]mse
Al mcw apX taml ]cy ap PKv. Fs Dn
{XnImefnepw C.
30. Nn{ZqaXzm ta PmUyw kXyXzmm
\rXw aa
B\Xzm ta ZpxJam\mZv `mXn
\nXy hXv
Nn{Zq]Xzm F\nv PmUyan. kXyXzm
A\r X an . B\ Xz m ZpxJan . Am\w
sImmWv anYybm PKv kXyambn tXmp Xv.
31. B{]t_mt[m]\njplq ap]m
koXzm \k
]p\cmhtX \ k ]p\cm htX CXyp
]\n jXv
Cu B {]t_mt[m]\njv Aev]t\csanepw
D]mknp a\pjy hopw {]] n P\nm\nS
hcpn. hopw P\nm\nShcpn.
B {]t_mt[m]\n jv kam]np.
Q
imn]mTw
Hmw hmMv ta a\kn{]XnjvTnXm at\m ta hmNn
{ ]Xn jv Tn Xamhn cmhoa G[n thZky a
BWox { ip Xw ta am { ]lmko cXt\
\mUo tX\m tlmcm{ XmXv kwZ[man EXw
hZn jyman kXyw hZn jyman XmahXp XZv
hcahXp AhXpamw AhXphmcw AhXp
hmcw Hmw imnx imnx imnx
Bt_mt[m] \njv
3
1
Fs hmv a\n ncambncns. a\v
hmn ncamIs. kzbw {]Imimmth, Fs
apn Av {]Xy\mItW hmMv a\pIsf,
\n cp t]cpw Fs thZm\n\v B[mcamIp
XmWv. Fs thZm`ymks \inncptX. Rm
thZm`ymkm Xs cmhpw ]Iepw apgpInbncnp
h\mIpp. Rm am\knIambpw hmNnIambpw kXyw
]dbpp. Fs cntW. hmhns\ cntW.
I K
N P
397
Fs cntW. Fs cntW hmhns\ cn
tW. Hmw imnx imnx imnx
1. Hmw {]XyKm\ {_ ]pcpjw {]Wh
kzcq]w AImtc DImtcm aImc CXn XyEcw
{]Whw XtZX tZmanXn bapzm apNytX tbmKo
P kwkmc_\mXv Hmw \tam \mcmbWm
tbXn at{ m]mktIm sshIp Wv T `h\w
KanjyXn
2. AY bZnZw {_]pcw ]pcoIw Xkvam
[oZmZam{Xw Zo]hXv {]Imiw
3. {_tWym tZhIo ]pt{Xmx |
{_tWym a[p kqZ\x |
{_Wyx ]pcoImtmx |
{_tWym hnjvWp cNypXx
4. kh`qX taIw \mcmbWw ImcW
]pcpjaImcWw ]cw {_ Hmw
5. timItamlhn\napw hnjv Wpw [ymb
ssZzXm
ssZzXa`bw `hXn artXym k arXyp
am]v t\mXn b Cl \m t\h ]iyXn
6. KrXv ] aty khw b |
Xv {]mt\ {]XnjvTnXw |
{]m t\{X temIx |
{]m {]XnjvTm {]m\w {_ |
7. k GtX\ {]m\m\m AkvamtmImZp
Xv{Iay Aapjvan kztemI khm Imam
B]vtXm AarXka`hZarXx ka`hXv
8. b{X tPymXncP{kw |
bkvan temI `ynXw |
Xkvan am tZlo kz am |
\artX temtI AtX |
ANyptX temtI AtX |
AarXXzw N Ktym \ax
Hmtcmnepw {]tXyIw {]tXyIw hym]nnpffXpw
B\cq]hpw BWv {_]pcpj. AImcw DImcw
aImcwCu aqv ActmSpIqSnb {]Wh kzcq]-
amWv {_w. Hmw FmWv {]Whw AXp P]np
]w tbmKn kmwkmcnI_\fn \nv ap
\mbnocpp. iwJ N{I KZm[mcnbmb \mcmbW\v
\akv Imcw. As\ Hmw \tam \mcmbWmb \ax F
a{m D]mknp Bcm[I sshIp Wv T
[mansepp.
Cu lrZb Iaew {_]pcamWv . AXv anept]m
sebpw {]Imiam\amIpp. tZhIo ]p{X {_m
\nIfpsS lnssXjnbmWv Iae t\{X\mb hnjvWp
{_ m\nIfpsS lnX NnI\mIpp. Ahn\mipw
]cammhpamb Atlw {_mW{]nb\mWv. kIe
`qXfnepw \nhknp GIam{X\mb \mcmbW
XsbmWv ImcW]pcpj. Atlw AtXmsSmw
ImcWclnX\pw ]c{_hpamIpp. AXp t]mse
Hmmc cq]\pw As\bpff hnjvWphns\ [ym\np
h timIn \npw tamln \npw taml
n \npw ap\mbn ZpxJ clnX\mIpp. ssZzXhpw
AssZzXw Xs. AXv bYmn D`b cq]amIpp.
{_n t`Zw ImWph acWs XpSv acWw
{]m]npp. lrZb Iaens a[yn bmsXmcp
khkzcq]amb {_w `hnpp. AXv XsbmWv
{ ]m\n { ]Xn jv Tn Xambn p ffXv . temIw
{]mm\cq]amb t\{Xw tNXmIpp. {]
{]Xnjv T t\Snbncnp XmWv . {_w {]m\
kzcq]amWv. bYm m\n B DXvIrjvS m\
bpIv Xamb Bmhns cq]n Cu temIn \nv
DXv { Ian v Dbv kz temIn ep ff kIe
Ima\Isfbpw AXn{Ianv Aac\mbnocpp. AhnsS
\nXytPymXnv {]Iminpp. AhnsS Fmhn[n
epapff ]qP e`npp. Av F\nv Cu Aac
temIn m\w \Inbmepw. B Ahn\minbmb
temIn c[clnXamb temIn B
Ab temIn As\bpff m\n sNsp
p. {]Yam[ymbw kam]np.
ZznXobm[ymbw
1. {]KfnX\nPamtbm lw \nkvXpe Zrin
cq]hkvXp amt{Xm lw
AkvXanXmltmlw {]KfnX PKZoi
Poht`tZm lw
2. {]XyK`n ]tcm lw hn[zmkv Xmtij hn[n
\ntjt[m lw
kapZkvXm{iantImlw {]hnXX kpJ
]q kwhntZhmlw
3. kmy\ t]tm lw \nP |
alnav \nkwntXmlaNtemlw |
APtcm lahytbm lw |
]an]mZn t`Zhn[ptcmlw |
4. Aht_mss[Itkm lw |
tam\ss I knptchm lw |
kqvtam latcmlw |
anKfnX KpWPme tIhemlw |
5. \nkvss{XKpWy ]tZm lw |
Ipnmt\I temIIet\mlw |
I K
N P
398
IqS tNXt\m lw |
\njv {Inj [maml a{hXtIymlw |
1. Fs ambmtamlw ianncnpp. Rm AXpe
Zi\kz cq ] hkv Xp am{XamWv . Fs Al
\inncnpp. Cuizc PohtemIw XpSnb Fs
t`Z _pnsbmw \jvSsncnpp.
2. Rm {]XyKmmhn \nv A`n\mb ]camm
hmWv Fs kw_nnStmfw kIehn[n \ntj[
fpw Akv Xanp. Rm B{ia [ hens
dnp. hnime kpJab\p m\ kzcq]\pamWv
Rm.
3. Rm kmnbmWv F\nv Hpambpw _an.
kzw alnabn Rm Ignbpp. Rm ANe\pw
APc\pw Aac\pw Ahyb\pamIpp.
4. Rm Aht_mss[Ick\mWv , tamm\ns
kap{ZamWv Rm kqvaamWv ; AcamWv. KpW
ssIhnv tIhemmhmWv Rm.
5. \nkv ss{XKpWy]Z\mWv, Rm IqS tNX\mWv.
\njv{Inb [mamhpw A{]XIy\pamWv Rm.
6. GtImlahnItemlw |
\ne\nhmWaqntchmlw |
\nchthm ltatPm lw |
tIhew km{Xkmc `qtXm lw |
7. \nch[n \nPt_mt[m lw |
ip`Xc`mthm la{]t`tZym lw |
hn`pcla\htZym lw |
\nch[n \nxoa XXz amt{Xmlw |
8. thtZymlamKamss |
cmcmt[ym lw kIe`ph\lrtZym lw |
]cam\ [t\m lw |
]cam\ssI `qacqt]m lw |
9. iptm laZztbm lw |
kX `mthm lamZn iqt\ymlw |
ianXmx {XnXtbm lw |
_ptmaptm l aZv`qXmlw |
10. iptmlamtcmlw |
imizXhnm\ kackmmlw |
tim[nX ]cXtXzm lw |
t_m[m\ssIaqntchmlw |
6. Rm GI\pw, AhnIe\pw, \ne\nhmWaq
nbpw, \ncbh\pw, AP\pw tIhe km{Xkmc`qX
\pamWv.
7. Rm \nch[n \nPt_m[\pw kXzam{X kzcq]\pw
hn`phpw A\h\y\pw kv Xh amss{XI\pamIpp.
8. Rm thZhZy\pw Bcm[y\pw kIe `ph\ lrZy\pw
]cam\[\\pw ]cam\kzcq]\pamWv .
9. Rm ip\pw A`b BZn iq\y\pw ianXmx
{InbX\pw _p\pw ap\pw ApXmmhpaIpp.
10. Rm ip\pw Bc\pw imizXhnm\ [\\pw
]cXXzw tim[\ sNbv Xh\pw t_m[m\ kzcq]\p
amWv .
11. hnthI _pnbpn_py |
Pm\maymm\aZhybw |
XYm]n_tammZn |
hyhlmcx{]XobtX |
12. \nhrtm ]n {]]tmta |
kXyhZv `mXn khZm |
kZu cpkth |
{_kssh tIhew |
13. {]]m[mc cqt]W |
htXtXm PKln |
btYpckkwhy]v Xm |
icmhtX XYm |
14. AZzbm{_ cqt]W |
hym]v tXm lw sshPK{bw |
{_mZnIoS]cym {]mWnt\m abnIev]nXm
15. _pZv _pZnhnImcm |
kvXcwKm kmKc bYm |
XcwKw {Zhm knp |
\hmRvOXn bYmXYm |
hnjbm\ hmcmta |
hm`qZm\ cq]Xx |
11. Rm hnhI _pnbm Bmhns\ AssZzXsav
a\nempp.Fnp _ tammZn hyhlmcn
s]Spp.
12. Fs Zrjv Snbn \nv {]]w ZqcnemWv .
Ans\ Ftmgpw AXv kXysav tXmpp. hmkvX
hn kmZnIfn Ibdns Akv XnXzapffXp
t]msebmWv {]]ns AkvXnXzw.
13. {]]ns B[mcambn hnpXv. {_k
bmWv PKv bYmn C. Icnn ]kmc
DS\ofw Ahy cq]n hnpXpt]mse
{]]n {_ns AkvXnXzw \ne\npp.
I K
N P
399
14. kap{Zn ]Xbpw \pcbpw sXmv XcwK hscbp
ffh Iev]nXamsWXp t]mse Fs Dffn {_w
sXmv IoS hscbpffh Iev]nXam{XamIpp.
15. XncameI Xpfffp Pens Xmev]cyw kap
{Zw ]cnKWnmXp t]mse tIhew B\kzcq]\m
Ibm F\nv hnjbfpsS B\ns Cbn.
16. Zmcn{ZymimbYm \mkvXn |
kky bYm aa |
_m\t \nalrky |
hnjbmim \ XZv `thZv |
17. hnjw ZrjvSm arXw ZrjvSzm |
hnjw XyPXn_pnam |
Bm\a]n ZrjvSzml |
a\mm\w XyPmaylw |
18. LS\mh`mktIm `m\p |
LS\mti \ \iyXn |
tZlm hZmkIx kmo |
tZl\mti \ \iyXn |
19. \ta _tm \ ta apn |
\ ta imkv{Xw \ ta Kpcpx |
ambmam{XhnImkXzm |
mbm XotXmllaZzbwx |
20. {]mWmepXss |
Imssa hm l\yXmw a\x |
A\ _n]qky |
aa ZpxJw IYw `thXv |
k\v Zmcn{Zy ZpxJn\nSbnmXp t]mse
{_m\n a\mb F\nv hnjbm`nemjn
sImXnbpmhm\nSbn.
17. _pnam\mb hyn hnjsbpw AarXsbpw
ImWptm hnjw ssIshSnv AarXw kzoIcnp
Xpt]mse Rm\pw Bmhns\ Inv A\mmhns\
ssIshSnbpIbmWv .
18. IpSw Ccnppsp ImWnpsImSpp kqcy
B IpSw s]mntmsbv shv \inmXpt]mse
icocns kmnbmb Bmhn\v icocw \inp
shv \miw DmIpn.
19. F\nv _\an, F\nv taman, F\nv
imkv {Xan, F\nv Kpcphn ImcWw CsXmw
ambbpsS hnImkw am{XamWv Rm ambbv pdv
AssZzXkzcq]amIpp.
20. {]mW t]mIpsn s]mbvsmffs, a\v
AXns [tfmSpw Ima\tImSpw IqSn AXv
\inpsImffs. B\m\]\mIbm F\nv
Fs\ ZpxJapmIm\mWv ?
21. Bm\aRvPkmthZvan |
Izm]yPvRm\w ]embnXw |
IrXzaZyta \jvSw |
Ihyw hm]n \ IzNnXv |
22. {_mWyw Ipe tKmt{XN |
\ma kucyPmXbx |
qemXv `nky ta \ln |
23. pXv ]n]mkmy_m[nXy |
Ima t{Im[mZtbm Jnem |
enwKtZlKXm GtX |
ly enwKky \ knln |
24. PUXz{]nb tamZXz |
[mx ImcW tZlKm \ kn aa \nXyky
\nhnImc kzcq]nWx |
25. DeqIky bYm`m\p |
cImcx {]XobtX |
kz{]Imti ]c\t |
Xtam aqVkyPmbtX |
21. Bmhns\ {]bmkw IqSmsX R Adnbpp.
Fs Am\w FhnsS t]msbmfntm?C\n F\nv
Hpw sNtXmbnn.
22. {_mWXzw, Ipew, tKm{Xw, \maw, kucyw, PmXn,
CXnssbmw AkvXnXzw qe tZlnemWv . Rm
qe cq]n \npw `n\mWv. AXn\m F\nv
AhtbmsSmpambn _an.
23. hniv, Zmlw, AXzw, _[ncXzw, Imaw, t{Im[w,
XpSnb kakv X [fnepw enwK tZlnemWv.
Rm enwK tZl clnX\mIpp. Fn Ahsbmpw
Xsbn.
24. PUX, {]nbX, B\n XpSnbh ImcW
tZlns [fmWv. Rm \nXy\pw \nhnImc
kzcq]\pamIpp. AXn\m Cu [ FtX.
25. aqbvv kqcy AImcabambn ImWsSpXp
t]mse Am\nIv imizXamb ]cam\nepw
Am\w am{Xta ImWm Ignbppffq.
26. NXpZrjvSn \ntcm[m{`w |
kqtcym \mkv XoXn a\ytX |
XYm m\hrtXm tZlo |
{_mh\mkvXoXn a\ytX |
I K
N P
400
27. bYmarXw hnjmZv `nw |
hnjtZmssj\ en]ytX |
\ kv ]riman PUmXv `ntm |
PUtZmjm {]ImiX |
28. kzev]m]n Zo] IWnIm |
_lpew \mitbax |
kzevt]m]n t_mt[m |
\n_nUw _lpfw \mitbax |
29. Ime{Xtb bYm ktm |
c\ \mkvXn XYm abn |
AlmcmZntZlmw |
PKmkvXyl aZzbx |
30. Nn{Zq]Xzmta PmUyw |
kXyXzmm\rXw aa |
B\Xzm ta ZpxJ |
am\mXv `mXn kXyhXv |
31. B{]t_mt[m]\njXv |
aplq ap]mknXzm \ k |
]p\cmhtX \ k |
]p\cmhtX CXyp]\njXv |
26. taL ImcWw \mephipw ZrjvSn XSbs
Xn\m kqcy C Fv P\ sXncnpXp
t]mse Am\m hebw sNs Pohn {_
Csv Nnnpp.
27. AarXw hnjn \nv `namIbm hnjbns
tZmjm AXv aen\amImXp t]mse Rm
PUn \nv hyXykvX\mWv. AXn\m PUXz
ns tZmjw Fs kv]inpIbn.
28. hnfns sNdnb {]` Xsbpw AImcs
\innpXpt]mse sNdnb m\w Xsbpw
KmVmImc cq]amb Am\s \innpp.
29. Ibdn ham\Imenembmepw `qX\Ime
nembmepw `mhnbnembmepw kan, AXpt]mse
Xs AImcw sXmv tZlw hsc kwkmcw aqp
Imenepw Fnen. Rm tIhew AssZzXw am{X
amIpp.
30. Rm ssNX\y kzcq]\mWv. AXn\m Fn
PUXbn. Rm kXykzcq]\mWv. AXn\m Fn
AkXyan. Rm B\ cq]\mWv . AXn\m F\nv
ZpxJan. CsXms Am\mepff tXmemWv.
31. Cu B {]t_m[ D]\njv cp \mgnIsb
nepw A[yb\w sNp a\pjy\v cmaX `qanbn
]ndtnhcpIbn FpffXv Adntb clkyamWv .
Bt_mt[m]\njXv kam]np.
Q
imn ]mTw
Hmw B]ybp aamwKm\n hmIv {]mWpx
t{im{X atYm _ean{nbmWn N khmWn khw
{_tm]\n jZw amlw {_ \ncmIpcymw amam
{_ \ncmItcm Z \ncmIcWakvXp \ncmIcWw
takv Xp XZm \n \n ctX b D] \n jp
[mkvtX abn kp tX abn kp Hmw imnx
imnx imnx
]c {_ta, Fs kIe AwKfpw hmv {]mW
t\{Xw t{im{Xw Fnhbpw inbpw C{nbfpw ]cn
BcpWntIm]\njv
1
3
]pamItW. Rm \ncmIcnm\n S hcmXncntW.
{_w Fs ]cXyPnmXncns. F\npw ]c {_
n\pw Xn At`Zyamb _w DmItW. {_\n c
X\mb Fn D]\njZpfmb [ nXn
sNtW. Hmw imnx imnx imnx
1. Hmw BcpWnx {]Pm]tX temIw PKma Xw
KtXzm hmN tI\ `K h Ia Ww b ti jtXm
hnkr Pm \oXn Xw tlmhm N {] Pm ]Xn kv X] ]p
{Xm {ZmXr _zmZo inJmw bmtm]hoXw
NbmKw N kq{Xw N kzm[ymbw N qtemI`q
I K
N P
401
h temI kz temIaltemI P\temI Xt]m
temI kXytemIw NmXe ]mXmf hnXe krXe
ckm Xe Xem Xe alm Xe { _mw N
hnkPtb ZammZ\w ssNh Iu]o\w N ]cn
{KtlXv tijw hnkrtPZnXn
AcpW ]p{X\mb BcpWn {_ temIn At
ls Iv ]dp. Rm Fs\ bmWv khI
fpw Dt]ntXv? Amcyw F\nv ]dp Xc
Ww. {_mhv ]dp. BZyambn ]p{X mscbpw _p
sfbpw apw Dt]n Ww. AXn \ptijw inJ
btm]hoXw tbmKw kq{Xw kzm[ymbw Ch ssIsh
SnbWw. ]ns `qtemIw, `qhtemIw, kXytemIw,
altemIw, P\ temIw, Xt]mtemIw, kXytemIw, AX
ew, ]mXmfw, hnXew, kpXew, ckmXe XemXew alm
Xew Fq#o ]XnmeptemItmSp IqSnb {_m
s Dt]nWw. AXmbXv Ahbn Hns\
nbpw B{Klw tXm cpXv . Zw Iu]o\w icocw adp
hm AXymhiyw th hkv{Xw Fn ham{Xhpw ssIh
ihpw Dmbncnmhq. ap kIeXpw ssIshSnb Ww.
2. Krltm {_ Nmco hm\{]tm hm euIn
Im n \p Z cmu kam cm t]m tbXv Kmb{Xow k
kzhmNmu kamtcm]tb Zp]hoXw `qamh]vkp
hm hnkrtPXv IpSoNtcm {_Nmco IpSpw_w
hnkr tPXv ]m{Xw hnkr tPXv ]hn{Xw hnkr tPXv
Zmw eu InImow hnkrtP ZnXn tlmhmN
AX Du[zKa\w hnkr tP{nkymZb kv\m\
am N tcXv kn kam [m hm \ymN tcXv
kthjp thtZjp BcWy IamhtbZp]\n
jZ amhtbZp]\n jZamhtbZnXn.
Krlm{iantbm {_ Nmcntbm hm\ {]t\m
Bbmepw XfpsS btm]hoXs `qanbntem Pe
ntem Dt]n Ww. euInImnIsf Pcmnbn ebn
nv Xs hmmIp Anbn Kmb{Xn tNWw.
B{iahmknbmb {_Nmcn IpSpw_s ]m{Xtm
sSmv Dt]nWw. ]hn{Xw Ifv Zhpw euIn
Imnbpw ssIhnSWw ]ns a{lo\s\tmWw Ccpv
Du[z temI{]m]v Xnsbnbp Nnbpw ssIshSnb
Ww. {XnkyIfnepw kv \m\w sNpIbpw kyIfn
kam[nm\mhpIbpw thWw. Fm thZfpw D]\n j
pIfpw A[yb\w sNWw.
3. Jezlw {_kq{Xw kqN\mXv kq{Xw {_
kq{Xaltah hnZzmw kv{XohrXv kq{Xw XytPZzn
Zzm\y Ghw thZ kXykv Xw abm kw\rkv Xw
abm kw\rkvXw atbXn f {Xn IrXzm`bw kh
`qtXt`ym ax khw {]htX kJm amtKm
]m b \Px kJmtbm f ko{ ky ht{ Pm f
knhm{XLv\w i ta `hbXv ]m]w Xnhmc
tbXn At\\ at{W IrXw sshWhw Zw
Iu]o\w ]cn{Ktl Huj[ hZi\amNtcZuj Zh
Zi\amNtcXv {_Ncyalnwkm Nm]cn {Klw
N kXyw N bXvt\\ tl ctXm tl ctXm
tl cX CXn.
]ns {_kq{Xw Rm XsbmWv F \nb
ZmVytmsS btm]hoXw Dt]n Ww. Cs\
sNbvXv Rm k\ymkw kzoIcnp. Rm k\ymkw
kzoIcnp. Rm k\ymkw kzoIcnp. Fv aqp XhW
]db Ww. A`bw kh`qtXt`ymx F a{m A`n
a {n X amb apf h Snbpw Iu]o \hpw kzoIcn Ww.
Huj[w F t]mse Inp Xam{Xw `nv kwXr]vX
\mIWw. tl BcpWo k\ymkn Bb Xn \ptijw {_
Ncyw Alnwk A]cnKrlw kXyw Fnh ]cn]men
Ww. {]bmkspw Ah ]peWw.
4. AYmX ]calwk]cn{hmPIm\mamk\ib\m
ZnIw `qau {_NmcnWmw arXv]m{Xw hm f em_p
]m{Xw Zmcp]m{Xw hm Imat{Im[ ljtcmjtem
`taml ZwZw Zmkqbm aaXymlw ImcmZo\]n
XrtPXv hjmkp {[phiotem f u amkmt\
ImIo bXntXXv Zzmthh hm NtcXv Zzm thhhm
NtcZnXn.
]c alwk]cn{hPI\mbno Xn\p tijw InSp
Xpw CcnpXpw \nembncn Ww. {_Ncyw ]men
Ww. a]m{Xtam Npc mtmtSm acm{Xtam kqn
mw. Imaw t{Im[w tcmjw tem`w tamlw ZwZw Zw ]c
\n CaaX Al mcw ljw Fnh ]q ambpw ]cn
XyPn Ww. hjImev HcnSp Xs Xmaknmw.
k cnt . Fpamkw GImInbmtbm HcmfpsS klm
btmSpIqSntbm kcn Ip.
5. Jep thZmw tbm hnZzm tkm]m \b
\mq[ztaXm\n {]mKzmXytPXv ]nXcw ]p{X ayp
] hoXw I If{ Xw Nm\y Z ho l b Xtbm
`nmw {Kmaw {]hniXn ]mWn]m{XapZc]m{Xw
hm Hmw ln Hmw ln tXyXZp]\njZw hn\ytkXv
Jtez XZp]\n jZw hnZzm b Ghw thZXZznj
AtWm ]caw ]ZwkZm ]iyn kqcbx ZnZo]N
pcmXXw XZzn {]mtkm hn]Xythm PmKphmwk
kantX hnjvtWmcyXv ]caw ]ZanXn Ghw
\nhmW\pimk\w thZm\pimk\w thZm\pim
k\anXn.
Cu hn[w Adnbph D]\b \kwkvImcn\p
aptm ]ntm amXm]n Xm sfbpw ]p{X If {XmZnIsfbpw
D]hoXw An Fnhsbbpw kIeI sfbpw ]cn
XyPnWw. ssII `nm ]m{Xamn `nq. {Kma
n t]mbn Hmw ln Hmw ln Hmw ln Fv aqp {]mhiyw
DcnWw. Cu D]\njv Adnv sImv AXn
Bbp hyn m\nsbv ]db sSpp. miv
I K
N P
402
Iqhfw FnhbpsS Zav[w tXmev taJe ]qWq Fn
hsbbpw Dt]nv AXns\n ]qamb m\w t\Sp
XmWv D a. `Khm hnjv Wphns ]ca[maw BIm
in {]Iminp sImncnp kqcys\ tmse Nn
bs {]Imim ]cathyman hym]nn cnp
m\n bmb D]mkI kZm B ]c a[mas Zkn p
p. Ima\mclnXcmb D]mkIm km[\bn Xs apgp
In bXn\ptijw AhnsS Fntcpp. Ah AhnsS
IqSpX tXtPmabampp. Ima\mlo\ cmb D]mkI
mp am{Xta B ]c a[maw e`npIbpq. CXdn bp
h apn kqNn n ^ew A\p`hnpp. CXmWv
thZm\pimk\w.
BcpWntIm]\njv kam]np.
Q
imn]mTw
Hmw hmMv ta a\kn {]Xnjv TnXm at\m ta
hmNn {]XnjvTnXamhncm hota G[n thZky a
BWn kwZ[maypXw hZnjyman kXyw
hZnjyman XmahXp XZzmchXp AhXpama
hXphmcahXp hmcw
Hmw imnx imnx imnx
(Hmw Fs hmv a\n ncambncntW.
a\v hmn ncambncntW. tl kzbw {]Imim
mthm Av Fs apn {]XyamItW. hmMv a\
pIsf, \n Fs thZm\n\m[mcamWv.
AXn\m Fs thZm[yb\s \inncptX. Cu
thZm[ymb\n XsbmWv Rm cmhpw ]Iepw
NnehgnpXv Rm am\knIambpw hmNnIambpw
kXyw ]dbpw. Fs cntW. hIvXmhns\ cn
tW. Hmw. imnx imnx imnx
lcn Hmw. Hcp Ln EjnI `Khm Btizm
embs\ hn[n]qhw ]qPnv tNmZnpx"" `Khmt\,
bmsXmp sImv "XXv ' F ]Zns A`qXamb
]cammhns t_m[w DmIpw? B PvRm\w GXp
D]mbm {]m]nm Ignbpw? GXp tZhXsb
D]mknv Atbv v XXzm\apmbn? Imcyw
F\nv ]dp XctW.'' `Khm BizembW
]dp..."" ap\nhcmsc, _oPa{w tNv ]v
EXptfmSpIqSn kckzXo Zitbm Io alma{m
kv XpXnbpw P]hpw \SnbnmWv F\nv ]cmknn
e`nXv .'' EjnI tNmZnp. "" Da{hX[mcnbmb apt\,
Fp{hXw A\pjv TnmWv , GXp {]Imcnepff
EtKzZob kckzXyp]\njv
1
3
[ym\memWv Atbv v kmckzXa{w e`nXv?
Fp sNbvXm `KhXn alm kckzXn {]kbmIpw?
B D]mbw FtmSv ]dpXctW'' Atm Bizmem
b\ ap\n ]dp.
Aky {iokckzXo ZitmIoalma{ky
Alamiz emb\ Ejnx A\pjv Sphv Ox {io
hmKoizco tZhXm tZhoXn IoeIw hn\ntbmK
kvXXv {]oXyt {im ta[m {]PvRm [mcWw
hmKv tZhX, alm kckz Xo ta[m { ]m
[mcWw hmKv tZhX, alm kckzXot\yssX-
cwK\ymkx
(Cu kckzXo ZitmIo alm a{ns Ejn
Bizmeb\\mb Rm Xs. Ov A\pjvShv. {io
hmKoizco tZhX. ""bZzmKv'' FXv _oPw ""tZhow hmNw''
FXv in. ""{]tWm tZhn FXv IoeIw. ]mKoizco
tZhXsb {]oXnsSppXn\v hn\ntbmKw. {i, ta[,
{], [mcW, hmKvtZhX, almkckzXnCu \ama
a{fm AwK\ymkw sNWw. Fs\sbm
Hmw {imssb \tam lrZbmb \ax Hmw
ta[mssb \ax inctk kzmlm Hmw {]mssb
\ax inJmssb hjSv Hmw [mcWmssb \ax
IhNmsb lpw Hmw hmKv tZhXmssb \tam
t\{X{Xbmb hujSv Hmw almkckzssXy \ax
A{Xmb^Sv .
[ym\w
\olmclmcL\kmckp[mIcm`mw
IeymWZmw I\INI `mhZqjmw
I K
N P
403
DpwK]o\ IpNIpw` at\mlcmwKow
hmWow \aman a\km hNkm hn`pssXy.
(lnaw apm lmcw Iqcw AXpt]mse N{s
B`bvsm ip{`Imn Ch tN hPw IeymWZm
bn\nbpw kph kZriyhpw, hoXhpamb sNI
]pjv]fpsS amemb tim`nXbpw Db IpNIpw`
fm at\mlcamb AwKw tNhfpamb kckzXo
tZhnsb Rm hn`qXnmbn a\psImpw hNp
sImpw \akv Icnpp.)
1. Hmw {]tWm tZho Cu a{ns Ejn
`cZzmP; Ov Kmb{Xn, tZhX kckzXn. Hmw
\ax CXv _oPw in In eIw Ch aqpw
Cjv SknnmWv CXns hn\ntbmKw a{m
AwK\ymkw sNpI. bYmn thZm
imkv {Xn s Akp Zq Xhmb { _XXz w
Xs kzcq]ambnpffhfpw ]e{]Imcnep-
apff \macq]fm {]ikvXXbpamb kckzXo
tZhn Fs cns.
Hmw {]tWm tZho kckzXo hmtP`nhmPn\n
hXo [o\mahn{XhXp
(Hmw. Zm\m tim`hlnphfpw Am
kbpw kvXpXnp D]mkImsc cnph
fpamb kckzXotZhn Rsf Am kpcnXcm
tW. (Rv karbmbn Aw XcpamdmItW.)
2. ""B t\m Znh..........'' Cu a{ns Ejn
A{XnbmWv: Nmv {XnjvSphv; tZhXkckzXo:
{lo Fv _oPw in IoeIw A`ojvS{]tbmP\
ns knnbmWv hn\ntbmKw. Cu a{w sImv
AwK\ymkw sNWw.
2. {low B t\m Znthm l _rlX. ]hXmZm
kckzXo bPXm Kp bw
lhw tZho PqPpjmWm LrXmNo
imw t\m ]mNapiXo irtWmXp
{low Rfm bjvShybmb kckzXo tZho
{]Imiabamb {ZyptemIn \nv Xmsgsbn.
alpw ]hXmImchpamb taLnSbv p \nv
RfpsS bn ]psImffs. RfpsS
bn ]psImffs. RfpsS kvXpXnbm
{]kbmbn B tZhn tkz m]q hw Rfp sS
kqkpJIcamb kvtXm{X tIpamdmIs.
3. ]mhIm ""\x'' Cu a{ns Ejna[pNvi
mWv, Ov Kmb{Xn; tZhX kckzXo; {io FXv
_oPhpw inbpw IoeIhpw, Cjv Sm knnmWv
Cu a{ns hn\ntbmKw. a{m AwK\ymkw
sNpI.
bmsXmcm bYmn hw ]Zw hmIyw
Ahbp sS Aw ChbpsS cq ]n kh{X
hym]v XbmWv , bmsXmcp tZhn AZyclnXbmWv ,
A\cq]hXnbmWv , B kckzXotZho Rsf
cns.
{iow ]mhIm \x kckzXo hmtP`nhm
Pn\ohXnx bw hjvSp [nbm hkp
bmsXmcph khscbpw ]cnipcmphfpw
Am kbpw In {]m]n [\ns
D]e_v[nv ImcWamIpp. B kckzXotZhn R
fpsS bn ]psImffm Xmev ]cyw ImWnp
amdmIs.
4. "tNZbn{Xo' Cu a{ns Ejn a[p
BWv Ov Kmb{Xn. tZhX kckzXn
"pw' FpffXv _oPhpw IoeIhpamIpp.
A`njvSmknnv hn\ntbmKa{m AwK\ymkw
sNpI.
bmsXmcp h A[ymA[n tZh cq ]bmWv ,
tZhmcpsS CuizcnbmWv, RfpsS Dffn a[yahm
WnbpsS cq]n \nesImffphfmWv B kckzXo
tZhn Fs cnpamdmIs.
4. pw tNmZbn{Xo kq\rXm\mw tNXo
kpaXo\mw bw Zt[ kckzXo
pw bmsXmcph {]nbhpw kXyhpamb ]dbp
Xn t{]cW\Iphfpw Da _pntNhcpw
{Inbm ]cmbWcpamb ]pcpjmv Ihyw t_m[
sSpphfmWv. As\bpff kckzXo tZhn Cu
bs [mcWw sNbv Xncnpp.
5. ""atlm AWx'' Cu a{ns Ejn Nv
BWv Okv Kmb{Xnx tZhX kckzXnbpw ""ku'' CXp
_oPhpw inbpw IoeIhpamIpp. a{m \ymkw
A\pjv TnpI ""bmsXmcph Acyman F cq]n
kakvX{XntkmInbpsSbpw \nb{Ww hlnpp,
cp{Z BZnXy XpSnb kckzXo tZhn Rsf
cns.
5. ""kux'' atlm AWx kckzXo {] tNXbXn
tIXp\m [ntbm hnizm hn cmPXn
""ku'' ( Cu a{n \Zo cq]bmb kckzXnbpsS
kv XpXnbmWv ) \Zo cq]n {]ISbmb kckzXo tZhn
Xs {]hmlcq]amb Im Xs AKm[Pecmin
]cnNbsSpnsmv kIecpsSbpw _pnsb
Do]nnpp.
6. ""NXzmcn hmIv'' Cu a{ns Ejn DNYy]p{X
\mb ZoLXamWv. Ov {XnjvSphv tZhXkckzXn
I K
N P
404
bpw "" sFw'' FXv. _oPhpw inbpw IoeIhpamIp
p. Cjv Sknnmbn hn\ntbmKw. a{m \ymkw
sNpI.
bmsXmcph AZrjvSnbpff PohnIv
\m\mcq]fn hybmbnXov kh{X GIam{X
bmb m\ kzcq]ambn t_m[kzcq]ambn ]cnekn
pp. B kckzXo tZhn Rsf cnpamdmIs.
6. "sF' NXzmcn hmv ]cnanXm ]Zm\n
Xm\n hnZp{_mWm tb a\ojnWx
Kplm {XoWn \nlnXm t\wKbn
Xqcntb hmtNm a\pjym hZn
sFw hmWnMv \mep]Z Dv AXmbXv
hmWnbmsI \mep`mKambn hn`Pnsncnp
]iyn a[ya, sshJcn, Chsb Adnhpff {_mW
a\nempp. ChbnemWv. AXn\m Ah ]pdv
ImWsSpn. \memasXmb sshJcna\pjy
kwkmcnp p (Cs\bpff hmWo cq]n
kckzXnsb kv XpXnpI.)
7. ""bZzm KzZn' Cu a{ns Ejn `mh\mWv
Ov {XnjvTphv, tZhXkckzXnbpw; ow FXmWv
_oPhpw inbpw IoeIhpw, a{wsImv \ymkw
sNpI.
""bmsXmv \maw PmXn BZnbmb t`Zm Fp
hn [n hn Ikn Xambn cn p p AtXmsSmw
\nhnIev] cq]n hyambnsmncnpp, B
kckzXo tZhn Fs cnpamdmIs.
7. ""ow'' bZzmKzmZy hn tNXm\n
cmjvSo tZhm\mw \njkmZ a{m
NX{k DuP ZpZptl ]bmwkn
Iz kznZkymx ]caw PKma
"ow' cmjv {So AXmbXv Znhy`mhs {]Iminnp
hfpw tZhmsc B\ abmphfpw Bb
tZhnbmb hmWn bmsXmcp Ln Am\nIv
m\w ]Ip sImv bn hncmPnpp.
B kabw \mep Zn p Ifn ep w An sbp w
Pensbpw tZml\w \Spp. B a[yam hmn
t{ijv TambnpffXv FhnsS t]mIpp?
8. tZhow hmNw Cu a{ns Ejn `mh\mWv
Ov {XnjvSmhv, tZhX kckzXn. kux CXv _oPhpw
inbpw IoeIhpw. a{w sImv \ymkw sNpI.
hyhpw Ahyhpamb hmWntbmSpIqSnb
tZhmZnkakv X{]mWnIfpw bmsXmcp tZhnsb hnp
p. bmsXmcm kIe A`ojvSfpamIp ZpKv[w
Idp sImSpp Imat[\phmWv B kckzXn tZhn
Rsf cnpamdmIs.
8. ku tZhow hmNaP\bt tZhmkvXmw
hnizcq]mx ]ithm hZn
km t\m at{jaqPw Zplm\m
t[\phmKkvam \p] krjvSpssXXp
ku {]mWcq]mcmb tZhm {]Imiam\bmb
sshJcohmWntZhnsb P\nnp. AXns\ ]ehn[n
epff hynI kwkmcnpp. tZhn Imat[\phns\
tmse B\ZmbnIbpw, Ahpw, _ehpw \Ip
hfpw hm{Kp]nWnbpw Bb `KhXn kckzXnbmWv.
tZhn Danekv XpXnbm kpjv S\mbn RfpsS
ASpss.
9. DXXz Cu a{ns Ejn _rlkv]XnbmWv.
Ov {XnjvSpv. tZhX kckzXn. kw FXv _oPw
in, IoeIw Ch aqpamIpp. (hn\ntbmKw ap
sse a{w sImp A\pjvTnpI.
bmsXmcptZhnsb {_hnZymcq]bambn a\n
emn tbmKnI kIe _t\m]mbfpw ssIhnSp
p. ]ca]Zs {]m]npp. B kckzXotZhn Fs
cnpamdmIs.
9. kw DX Xz ]iy ZZi hmN
arX Xz irWz \ irtWmtXy\mw
DtXm Xzkvssa Xw hnkt{k
Pmtbh ]Xy XpiXox kphmkmx
kw ]ep w tZhn sb ImWp p sn ep w
ImWm Ignbpn ]ecpw tInpw tIm icm
Ipn. Fm Nnesc kw_nnStmfw hmKv tZhn
Xs kzcq]s, ]Xnsb t{]anp kpcnbpw hkv{X
`qjnXbpw Bb ]Xv\n ]XnbpsS apn A\mhrX
cq]ambn kao]npXpt]mse tZhn ASpspp.
10. Aw_nXta Cu a{ns Ejn KpaZ\mWv
Ov A\pjv Shv , tZhXkckzXn sF FXv _oPhpw
inbpw IoeIhpamIpp. a{m hn\ntbmKw
10. sFw Aw_nXta \ZoXta tZhnXta kckzXn
A{]kvXm Ch kvakn {]ikvXnaw`
kkv Ir[n
sFw (]caIeymWabn ) amXmfn kh
t{ijvTbpw, \ZnIfn kht{ijv Tbpw tZhnIfn
kht{ijv Tbpamb kckzXo tZhn. [\m`mhw \nanw
R \nnXsctmsebmWv . At, Rv
{]ikvXnbpw [\karnbpw XcpI.
1. NXpapJapJmwt`mPh\lwkah[qa
am\tk caXmw \nXyw khipm kckzXo
I K
N P
405
(bmsXmcptZhn {_mhns apJamIp Iae
h\n kcnp cmPlwknbmIpp; Fmbn
Spw ip{`Imn]cphfmWv . As\bpff kc
kzXn RfpsS a\mIp am\kn \nXyhpw
hnlcnpamdmIs.
2. \akv tX imctZ tZhn Imivaoc]pchmkn\n
Xzmalw {]mtb \nXyw hnZymZm\w
N tZln ta
Atbm Imivaoc]pcn \nhknp imcZm
tZhn, tZhnv \akv Imcw, Rm \nXyw tZhnsb {]m
npp. F\nv hnZy {]Zm\w sNbvXmepw.
3. Akq{Xmpi[mcm ]mi ]pkvXI
[mcnWo
aplmckambpm hmNn XnjvTXp ta kZm
Xs \mepssIbpIfn Akq{Xw
Apiw,
]miw, ]pkv Xw Ch [cnphfpw appamebn
kptim`nXbpamb kckzXo tZhn Fs hmWnbn
kZm hknpamdmIs.
4. Iw_pIWvTo kpXm t{]mjvTo khm`cW
`qjnXm
almkckzXotZho Pnlzmt{K knhniyXmw
(iwJn\p Xpeyw kpcamb IWv Thpw kpcamb
Npa Nppw khhn[ B`cWfmepw BIjnI
Xzhpw XnI kpJambn hncmPnpamdmIs.)
5. bm {im [mcWm ta[m hmKvtZho hn[nh`m
`m Pnlzm{KkZ\m iamZnKpWZmbn\o.
({_mhns {]nbXabmb kckzXotZhn {im
[mcW ta[m kzcq]bmWv tZhn `mcpsS Pnlzm{K
n hknpsImv iaZamZn KpWsf {]Zm\w
sNpp.
6. \hman bman\o\mYteJmwewIrX Ipfmw
`hm\ow `hkm] \nhm]W kp[m \Zow
(bmsXmcp tZhnbpsS tIi]miw N{IesImv
AewIrXamIpp, `hkm]w iannp AarX\Zn
bmIpp, As\bpff kckzXo cq]bmb `hm\nsb
Rm \akvIcnpp.
7. bm IhnXzw \ncmXw `napIv Xo N
hmwXn
tkm `yss\mw ZitbmIym
`ym kv XuXn kckzXo.
(IhnXzw, \n`bX, t`mKw, apn Chbn Bcm
tWm B{Klw hinpXv Abm Cu ]pa{
fm kckzXo tZhnsb A\sNbvXv kvXpXns.)
8. Xsskyhw kvXphtXm \nXyw ka`yNy
kckzXow
`n{im `nbp jamkmXv
{]Xytbm`thXv
(`ntbmSpw {itbmSpw IqSn kckzXo tZhnsb
hn[n]qhw AnXn\ptijw kv XpXnp `\v
Bdpamkn\pffn tZhnbpsS Ir]bpsS{]XoXn
DmIpp)
9. XXx {]htX hmWo tkzbm
efnXmcm
KZy]ZymssIx i_vssZc{]tassb
hnhnssXx
(AtXp Sv Abmfp sS ap Jn \nv
A\p]ahpw A{Kabhpamb KZy]ZymI i_v ZfpsS
cq]n efnXmbnc \nd hmWn kzbw ]pd
sSm XpSpp.
10. A{iptXm _p[ytX {Kx {]mbx kmckzXx
Ihnx
CtXyJw \nbw hn{]mx km tlmhmN
kckzXo
({]mtbW kckzXnbpsS `Ihn asmcm
]dptImsX Xs {Kfnse Bibw
a\nempp. {_mWmsc, C{]Imcapff \nbw
kckzXo tZhn Xs {ioapJp \nv {]ISamn
bnpv.)
11. BhnZym abm e_v[m {_vssWh
k\mX\o
{_Xzw ta kZm \nXyw knZm\ cq]Xx
({_mhn \np XsbmWv Rm k\mX\mb
{_hnZy t\SnbXv. knZm\n \nv F\nv
\nXyamb {_Xzhpw e`np.
12. {]IrXnXzw XXx krjvSw kXzm`n
KpWkmayXx
kXyam`mXn Nnmbm Z]tW
{]Xn_nw_hXv
(AXn\ptijw kXzw cPv , Xav Cu aqpKp
WfpsS kmaym {]IrXnbpsS krjvSn`hnp.
ImSnbn {]Xn_nw_sat]mse {]IrXnbn \ne
sImffp tNX\bpsS Omb Xs kXyambn {]Xn`m
knpp)
13. tX\ NnXv{]Xn_nwt_\ {Xnhn[m `mXn
km ]p\x
{]IrXyhnXbm ]pcpjXzw ]p\ tX
I K
N P
406
(B tNX\bpsS Ombbm {]IrXn aqphn[n
{]XoIamIpp. {]IrXnbm AhnambXp ImcWw
\nv PohXzm e`nncnpp)
14. ipkXz{][m\mbmw ambmbmw
_n_ntXmlyP.
kXz {][m\m {]IrXnamtbXn {]Xn]mZytX
(ip kXz {][m\amb {]IrXn ambsbv ]db
sSpp. B ip kXz{][m\amb ambbn {]Xn
_nw_nXamb tNXm Xs B ip kXz{][m\amb
ambbn {]Xn_nw_nXamb tNX\ XsbmWv AP
({_w) Fv ]dbsSpXv. Bamb kh\mb
Cuizcs B[o\nepff D]m[nbmWv.
15. km abm kztim]m[n kh tkycky
ln
]iyambXztaIXzw khXzw
(Bmb kh\mb Cuiz cs kz w
A[o\nepff D]m[nbmWv . ambsb hiampI,
FIambnocpI (AZznXobw) khXzw Ch
Cuizcs eWamIpp.
16. kmXznIXzmXv kajvSnXzmXv kmnXzm
KXma]n
PKXv IXpaIXpw hm Nm\yYm IXp
anitX
(kmnIw kajv Sncq ]w, khtemIn \pw
kmnbmbnhnpI Chbm Cuizc PKv
krjvSnpXn\pw krjvSnm XncnpXn\pw A\yYm
sNpXn\pw ka\mIpp.)
17. bx k Cuizc CXypx khXzmZn
`nKpssWx
inZzbm ln ambmbm hnt]mhrXn
cq]Iw
(C{]Imcw khXzmZn KpWtfmSv tNv B
tNX\s Cuizcs\v ]dbpp. ambbv v cp
inIfpvhnt]hpw BhcWhpw.)
18. hnt]inenwKmZn {_mWvUmw PKXv
krtPXv
AZrKvZriytbmt`Zw _ln {_
kKtbmx.
hnt] icocw enwKicocw apX {_mWvUw
hscbpff PKns krjvSn sNpp. ambv cp
inIfpv. hnt] inbpw BhcW inbpw
19. BhrtWmXy ]cm inx km kwkmcky
ImcWw
kmnWx hrctXm `mXw enwKtZtl\
kwbpXw
cmaXv Hcp BhcWinsImv AXv ZrjvSmhv
Zriyw ChbpsS t`Zsbpw {_w krjvSn ChbpsS
t`Zsbpw BhcWw sNpp.
20. NnXnNvimbmkamthimXv Pohx kymZv
hyhlmcnIx
Aky PohXzmamtcm]mXv kmnWy
hy]`mktX
21. BhrXu Xp hn\jvSmbm t`Z `mtX
{]bmXn XXv
XYm kK{_Wm t`tZamhrXy
Xnjv TXn
22. bm inkvXZzimZv {_ ]nXrXtXz\
`mktX
A{XmlymhrXn \mti\ hn`mXn
{_ kKtbmx
23. t`ZkvXtbm hnImcx kymXv ktK \
{_Wn XzNnXv
AkvXn `mXn {]nbw \p[w \ma tNXywi
]Iw.
24. BZy{Xbw {_cq]w PKcq]w XtXm Zzbw
At]y \macqt] tZz knZm\XXv]cx
(ImcWcq ]amb {]IrXn bn tNX\ns
OmbbpsS kamthiw kw`hnpXn\m hyhlmcnI
PKn Imcyw sNp Poh {]ISambnocpp.
AXns B PohXzw Btcm]him kmnbnepw
B`mknXambnocpp. BhcWin \jvSambno
m t`Zns kv ]jvSamb {]XoXnbpmIpp.
PohXzw Akv Xanpp. bmsXmcp in krjvSnbpw
{_hp w Xnep ff t`Zs BhcWw sNbv Xv
\nesImffpp. AXn\m hio`qXamb {_w hnImcw
{]m]nXpt]mse `mknXhpambn `hnpp. AhnsSbpw
BhcWw \jv SambnocpXn\m {_nsbpw
krjvSnbpsSbpw t`Zw kv ]jvSambn sXfnbpp. CXp
cn ep w krjv Sn bn am{ XamWv hn Imcn s
nXnbpffXv . {_n AXn. AkvXn (Dv) `mXn
({]XoXamIpp) {]nbamWv; cq]w, \mawCs\ Av
Awi Dv . Chbn Akv Xn, `mXn, {]n bw
CXpaqpw {_ns kzcq]fmWv . \mw, cq]w, Ch
cp w PKn s kz cq]fmIp p . Cu cp
\macq]fpsS kw_m XsbmWv knZm\
]c{_w PKns cq]n DZv`mknpXv.
25. kam[n khZm IpcymXv lrZtbm
hmYhm _lnx
khnIevt]m \nhnIev]x kam[nZzn
hnt[m lrZn
I K
N P
407
(lrZbs ap \nntbm _ln`mKs
tI{oIcntm Fmtmgpw kam[nbn apgpIpI.
lrZbm\_nbmb kam[n khnIev ]sapw \nhn
Iev]sapw cp hn[nemWv.
26. Zriy i_vZm\ptZtZ\ khnIev]x ]p\Zzn[m
ImamZynKm Zriymkv XXv kmntXz\
tNX\w
(khnIev ]kam[n) cp hn[nemWv Hv
Zrim\phnw, atXv i_v Zm\p hnw. Nnn
DmIp Bmhv AXnhnImc ZriyamIpp.
tNX\amb Bmhv AXns kmnbmWv . Cu
hn[n [ym\nWw.
27. [ymtb ``riym\p hnt[mbw kam[nx k
hnIev ]Ix
AkMv Kx knZm\x kz{]t`m ssZzX
hPnXx
28. AkvanXn i_vZhntmbw kam[nx
klIev ]Ix
kzm\p`qXn ckmthkmriy i_v ZmZy
t]nXpx
29. \nhnIev]x kam[nx kymnhmXnX
Zo]hXv
lrZobw _mlytZiy ]n bkvan Inw
hkv Xp\n
30. kam[ncmZyZrMvam{Xm \ma cq] ]rYrXn
kvX_v[o`mthm ckm kzmZmXv XrXobx
]qhhXx
31. GssIx kam[n`nx jUv`n\tbXv Imew
\nccw
tZlm`n[mt\ KfntX hnmtX ]camm\n
b{X b{X at\m bmXn X{X X{X ]cmarXw
32. `nZytX KrZb{KnnZyt khkwibmx
obt NmkyIamWn Xkvan
ZrjvtS ]cmhtc
33. abn PohXzaoiXzw Iev]nXw hkvXptXm
\ ln
CXn bkvXp hnPm\mXn kaptm
\m{X kwibx
Hmw hmMv ta a\koXn imnx
(CXv Zriym\phn khnIev] kam[nbmIpp.
Rm AkwK\pw knZm\\pw kzbw {]Imihpw
AssZzX kzcq]hpamIpp. Cs\bpff khnIev]
kam[n i_v Zm\p]nsav ]dbsSpp. Bm\p`qXn
ckn s Bthiw \n an w Zriyn sbp w
i_v Znsbpw Dt] ssIsmffp km[Is
lrZbn \nhnIev ]kma[n kw`hnpp. B
Ln tbmKn bp sS n Xn hmbp iq \yamb
{]tZin sh hnfst]mse AhnNeambn
`hnpp. CXv lrZbn DmIp \nhnIev ]hpw
khnIev]hpamb kam[nbmIpp. C{]Imcw _mlytZi
nepw GsXnepw hkv Xphns\ eyamn Nnw
GIm{Kambnocpp. AXn kam[n Ddbv pp.
BZys kam[n {Zjv Smhnsbpw, Zriynsbpw
hnthIm kw`hnpp; cmas kam[nbn
{]tXyI hkvXphnepw AXns \macq]sf shtsd
shtsd Iv AXns AXnjvTm\`qXamb tNX\bpsS
Nn\w \Spp. aqmas kam[nbpw GItZiw
apnestmse Xs AXn kh{X hym]Iambn
ssNX\yw ckm\p`qXn P\nXamb Bthim
kv X_v [Xbv v hnjbambn `hn pp . Cs\
BZ{]Imcnepff kam[nIfpsS km[\bn Xs
\nccw Xs kabw NnehgnWw. tZlm`nam\w
CmXmIpXn\pw ]cam\w DmIpXn\pw
CSbmbm a\v FhnsSsbms t]mbmepw AhnsS
sbms ]caamb AarXXzns A\p`hapmIpp.
lrZbns {KnI inYneambnocpp; kIe
hpamb {_ns kmmXvmcapmIptXmsS
hnZzm\mb ]pcpjs kakv XIfpw oW-
ambnocpp. Fn Dff PohXzhpw CuizcXzpw
Iev ]nXamWv ; hmkv XhnIa CXv Adnbph
ap\mbnocpp AXn bmsXmcp kwibhpan.
EtKzZob kckzXyp]\njv Ahkm\np.
Q
I K
N P
408
B{itam]\njv
1
3
imn ]mTw
Hmw `{Zw It`nx irWpbma tZhm `{Zw ]tiy
am `n cy P{ Xmx n ssc cw ssK kv Xp phmw
kkvX \q`n hytia tZhlnXw bZmbpx kzkvXn
\ Ct{m hr{ihmx kzkvXn\ ]qjm hnizthZmx
kzkvXn \kvXmtym Acnt\anx kzkvXn t\m
_rlkv]XnZ[mXp Hmw imnx imnx imnx
tZhmsc, R sNhnI sImv awKfw {ihnm
\nShctW. IpI sImv awKfw ImWm\nShctW.
kpZrifmb AwK sImpw icocw sImpw
\nsf kvXpXnp sImv tZhm \nbnn p
Bbpv A\p`hn pamdmItW. almIonimenbmb
C{ Rv \ sNpamdmIWw. kh\mb
]qjmhv Rv awKfw \ItW. A{]Xn tcm[yKXn
bmb KcpU Rv awKfw \ItW. Hmw imnx
imnx imnx
lcn Hmw AYmXXzmc B{iamx tjmUi
t`Zm `hn X{X {_NmcnW Xphn[m `hn
Kmbt{Xm {_mWx {]mPm]tXym _rlnXn b
D]\b\mZp[zw {Xncm{XamcehWmio Kmb{Xo
at{ k Kmb{Xx, tbm f mNXzmcnwiXv hjmWn
thZ {_ Ncyw NtcXv {]Xn thZw ZzmZi hm bmhZv
{KlWmw hm thZky k {_mWx kzZmc\n
cXx EXpImem`n Kmao kZm ]cZmc hPo {]mPm
]Xyx, AYhm NXphnwiXn hjmWn KpcpIpe
hmko {_mtWm Am NXzmcnw iXv hjhmko
N {]mPm]Xyw B {]mbWmZv Kptcmc]cnXymKo
ss\jvTntIm _rlnXn.
lcn Hmw B{ia \mephn[ amWv. Ahbvv ]Xn
\mdv hn`mKfpapv. {_ NmcnI \mep hn`mKn
s]Spw. Kmb{X {_mW {]mPm]Xy _rl.
btm]hoXw [cnXn \ptijw aqp cm{Xn Dn m
Blmcw Ignv Kmb{Xn P]nphs\ Kmb{X Fp
]d bpp. \mev]nsbp hjw thZm[ymb \mw {_
Ncyw A\pjv TnpItbm Hmtcm thZhpw ]{p hjw
hoXw Nnehgnv ]TnpItbm \Xps]e thZm\w
knnpXphsc ba\n bamZnI ]c]men pItbm
sNph {_Ws\v ]db sSpp. kzZmX\nc X\pw
EImem`nKmanbpambnp h kZm]c kv {Xn]cmMv apJ \m
bn cnp h\pw {]mPm]Xy Fv ]db s Spp. As
n Ccp]n\mep hjw KpcpIpehmka\pjvTnp
{_mW\pw \mev]nsb phjw hsc C{]Imcw A\p
jv Tm\n hn ph\pw {]mPm]Xy\mWv acWw
hsc Kpcphns\ Dt]nmXn cnp ss\jvTnI {_
Nmcn _rlm F \ma m AdnbsSpp.
2. Krlm A]n NXphn[m `hn hmmI
hrb imeo\hrtbm bmbmhctLmckw\ym
knImtXn X{X hmmI hrbx IrjntKm
chmWn PyaKlnXap]bpRv Pm\mx iXkwh
cmZnx {Inbm`nx bP Bm\w {]mbt
imeo \ hr tbm bPtm \ bmP btm f
[obm\m \m[ym]btm ZZtXm \ {]XnKrlvWx
iX kw h cm`nx {In bm `nb P Bm\w
{]mbt. tLmck\ymknIm DrX]cn]qXm
`n cZv`nx Imcyw Iphx {]Xn ZnhkamlptXmRv O
hrncq]bpRvPm\mx iXkw hcm`nx {Inbm`nx
bP Bm\w {]mbt
Krlmcpw \mephn [am Wv hmmI hrn,
imeo\hr n, bmbmhm, tLmck\ymkn I Cs\
Chcn hmmIhrn IrjntKm kwcWw apXem
bh sNbvXp A\nnXamb hmWn PymZnI sNbvXp Gsd
hj bw sNbvXp Gsd hj bw
sNbv Xp Bmhns\ D]mknpp. imeo\ hrn kzbw
bw sNpp. Fm bw sNnpn. ]Tn
pp, Fm ]Tn npn. Zm\w sImSppp
F Zm\w hmpn . Cs\ sNbvXv Bmhns\
D]mknpp. bmb hc bw sNpIbpw sNn p
Ibpw sNpp. ]TnpIbpw ]Tn np Ibpw sNpp.
Zm\w sImSppIbpw Zm\w tamlnpIbpw sNpp. C{]
Imcw Abm Gsd hjb f\pjvTnv Bmhns\
D]mkn pp. tLmc k\ymknI Xt]m\nc X cmbncpv
Gsd mew bmZnI sNbv XpsImv D]mknpIbpw
{]mn pIbpw sNpp.
3. hm\{]m A]n NXphn[m `hn sshJm
\km DZpw_cm _meJneym t^\]m tXn X{X
sshJm\kmAIr ]Nyuj[nh\kv ]Xn`n{Kma
_lnjvIrXm`nn ]cnNcWw IrXzm ]almb
{In bmw \nh b Bm\w { ]m
I K
N P
409
bt DZpw _cm {]mX cpmb bmw Znia`n t{]
t XmZmlr tXmZpw_c_Zc\ohmc iymamssI
c n ] cn N cWw IrXzm ] a lm b {Inbmw
\nh b Bm\w {]m bt _me
Jn eym PSm [ cm o c N h Xv e ]cn {hXmx
ImnIymw ]uamkymw ]pjv ] ^ e ap y
Px tijm\u amkm hrXypa ]mP\w IrXzm
An] cn N cWw IrXzm ] a lm b {Inbmw
\nhbt Bm\w {]mb t^\]m
DImx io] ^et`mPnt\m b{X Y{Y
hktm An ]cn N cWw IrXzm ] a lm
b {Inbmw \nhb Bm\w {]m
bt!
sshJm\ km, _meJneym, DZpw_c m, t^\
]m F \mep hn`mKw hm\ {] mcnepv. Ahcn
sshJm\k kzbw apfXpw ]NnmXpw {KmaoW
cm Dt]n s hbpamb sNSnIfn \np hr
fn \npw Inp hsb An ]cnNcWw sNbvXv ]
almbw sNbvXpsImv Bmhns\ D]mkn pp.
DZpw_c {]`mXn Xs Fgptv FhnsS \ns
nepw _Zmw, hcns\v XpSnbh tiJcnv Antlm{Xw
sNbvXv ] almbn\p tijw Bmhns\ D]m
knpp. _eJney PSm[ncbpw Pohkv{Xw, ac hpcn
ChtbmsS ImnI ]uan Znhkw ]pjv ]^ e
shSnv NmXpmkyw Hgnv Fpamkhpw Ign pIq
Sm thXp t\Sn An ]cnNcWhpw ] almb
hpw \nhlnv Bmhns\ D]mknpp.
D s\ tmse t^\ ] s]mgnp hoW Cebpw
Imbpw apw FhnsS Inppthm AhnsS Xmaknp
Aym[ym\w sNbvXv ] almba\pjvTnv Bm
hns\ {]mnp Ign bpp.
4. ]cn{hmPIx A]nNXphn[mx `hn IpSoNcm,
_lqZIm, lwkm, ]calw km, tXn X{X IpSo
Ncm kz]p{XKrtljp `nmNcyw Nc Bm\w
{ ]m bt _lq Z Im kv {Xn Z I a ep
inIy ] P e ] hn {X ]m {X]m ZpIm k\ inJm
btm ] ho X Iu ]o \ Im jm b th j [m cn Wx
km[p hrtjp {_mtWIptejp ss`mNcyw
Ncx #mm\w {]mbt lwkm GIZ
[cmx inJmhPnXm btm]hoX[mcnWx inIy
IaeplkvXm {KmssaIcm{Xnhmknt\m \Ktc
Xotjp ]cm{Xw hk GI cm{X Zzncm{X
Ir{ Nm{.WmZn Nc Bm\w {]mbt
]calwkm \Z[mcmx apWA[mx ImIu]o
\ hm ktkm f hy en wKm \ ` [cm
apBX AhymNmcmx A\pm D h
ZmNckv{Xn ZIa ep inIy] Pe]hn
{X ]m{X ]mZp Im k \ inJm btm ] ho Xm\mw
XymKn\x iq\ymKmctZhKrlhmknt\m \ tXjmw
[tm\m[tm \ Nm\rXw khwklm kh
kamx ka temjv Tm iv aIm \mx btYm ] ]
NmXphWy ss`m Ncyw Ncx Bm\w
tam b CXn
k\ymknam, IpSoNc, _lqZI, lwk, ]ca
lw k Fv \mephn[apv . Chbn IpSoNc Xs
]p{XmZnIfpsS Krl fn \npw `n kzoIcnv B
hn Nn\w sNpp. _lqZI {XnZw, Iaep,
inIy]w, Pe]m{Xw, ]mZpIw, Bk\w, inJ, btm
]hoXw, Ijmb hkv{Xw Fnh [cnpw kcnpw B
[ym\\ncX\mbn IgnpIqSpp. lwk GIZw
[cnpw inJ IqSmsXbpw btm]hoXtmSpIqSn
inIyw Ia ep Ch FSpv {Kma n Hcp cm{Xnbpw
hknpw Htm ctm aqtm cm{Xn Ir{Nm{mb WmZn
I kzoIcnpw BhnNn\ X]ccmbn Ignp
IqSpp. ]c alwk ZanmsX Xesam b Snv I
Iu]o\[mcnbmbn Ahy NntmsS [oc\mbpw im
\mbpw D\snepw Ds\p tXmnp
atmsS {XnZw, Iaepw, inIy]w, Pew, ]hn{Xw,
]m{Xw, ]mZpIw, Bk\w, inJ, btm]hoXw Fnh
Dt]nv PoKrl fntem t{X entem Ignbpp.
Ahv [m[mhnNntbm kXymkXyhnthN\tam
C. Ah Fpw kln m Ignhphcpw kl Zin
Ifpw NmXphWyfn \nv Inp `n kzoIcnv
tam km[\ sNp hcmWv .
B{itam]\njv kam]np.
Q
I K
N P
410
imn ]mTw
Hmw. kl\mhhXp. kl\u `p\p. k_
hocyw Ichmhssl. tXPkzn \mh[o-XakvXp. am
hnZznjm hssl. Hmw imnx imnx imnx.
]c{_ Rsf cpt]- scbpw Hcpanv cn
s. R cp t]cpw Hcpanv ]cn]mens R
cp - t]- cp w Hcp - an v Ign - hpIt\Ss. R
At\ym\yw hntZzjw ]pemXncns.
1. lcnx Hmw GImcw Xztcy{XmkvXn tkmta
kpjpav\bmw tNl ZrVo k GIx Xzw hniz`q
`pX- ]Xnx ]pcmWx ]P\y GtIm `ph \ky
tKm]vXm
2. hntiz \na]Zhox Iho\mw |
Xzw PmXthtZm `ph\ky \mYx |
APmXat{K k lncWy tcXm |
bkvXz tasshI hn`qx ]qcmWx
3. {]mWx {]kqXn `ph\ ky tbm\n |
hym]vXw Xzbm GI]- tZ\ hnizw |
Xzw hniztbm\n ]cm kzKt` |
Ipamc GtIm hninJx kp[m
4. hnXXy- _mWw XcpWmhw |
thymamtc `mkn lncWy-K`x |
`mkmXzbm thymav\n IrXx kpXmy |
kvXzw ssh IpamckvXzacnjvSt\anx
5. Xzw h{P`rZv`qX]XnkvXztah |
Imax {]Pm\mw \nltXmkntkmta |
kzmlmkzm[mb hjvSItcmXn |
cp{Zm ]iq\mw Kpl- bm\naw.
Atbm `K- hms\, A- c\mb Av tkmas cq]-
nepw kpjpav\mam- n IqSnbpw Cu kl-{kmc]-
n [ym\nm kmam{Xn \nesImp
Htc ]caXXzamIpp. GIm- cn Ahti- jnpp.
`K-hms\, GIm-camb ]c{-akzcq] ApXs
bmWv. {]]-- ImcW-kzcq]\pw ]pcmW- ]pcpj\pw Ap
Xs. Av PmXthZpw `ph\ns \mY\pamWv.
lncWy- tcXpw b- kz-cq]- \pamW- v. `ph\ImcW-
ambn hnpXv AmWv. A-bpsS GI]mZn
hnizsamw hym]nncnpp. {]]- -ns \nb-m
GImtcm]\njv
1
3
sh- \nebn Ipamckzcq]\pw hnmfnbpw ApXs
A- bpsS {]Imiw sImpXs kqcy BImi- n
{]Iminp sImncnpp. Imn-tIbcq]nep
tZhssk\ym[n]\pw AcnjvS t\anbpw AmWv . C{
cq]n Av h{Pw [cnpp. Xp{Zcq-]n kIe
PohnIfpsSbpw kzmanbmbn hnpXv AmWv . N{
temIn ]nXrfpsS Imacq]hpw thsd-bmcpa. tZh
mcpsSbpw ]nXrfpsSbpw Xr]vXnpthn b- {i-
m-ZnI-fn sN-s- Sp kzmlbpw kz[bpw hjSv
Imchpw ApXs- bmIpp. PohnIfpsS lrZb- - fn
hym]nncnpXv AmIpp.
6. [mXmhn[mXm ]h\x kp]tm |
hnjvWp hcmtlm cP\o- cl |
`qXw `hnjyXv {]`hx {Inbm |
Imex {IamkvXzw ]camcw N
7. EtNm bPqwjn {]khn h{mXv |
kmam\n k{amUz-ky- ccow |
Xzw b-t\Xm lpX`pKv hn`q |
cp{ZkvXYm ssZXy-K-Wmhkp
8. k Gj tZthm _cK Nt{I |
At\ym`yXnjv tTX Xtam\ncp |
lncbx bky hn`mXn khw |
thymamtc civan-anawkp\m`nx
9. khthm `ph\ky tKm]vXm |
Xm`nx {]Pm\mw \nlnXm P\m\mw |
t{]Xm XztaXm hnNnXw {IamWmw |
{]Pm]Xnx Oatbm hnK`
10. kmssan Ztm hncP-_mlp |
lncbw thZanZmw hcnjvTw |
ba-[ztc {_hnZx kvXphn |
kmssacpp`nx{IXp `nkvXz- tah
Av {]mWcq]n [mXmhpw krjvSnImhp
sa \nebn tim`npp. hn[mXmhpw ]h\\pw Kcp
U\pw hnjvWphpw hcmlhpw cm{Xnbpw ]Iepw `qX`hn
jy- Zzam\fpw ApXs. kIe {InbIfpw Ime
K- Xnbpw ApXs. BcpsS apJ-n \nmtWm
EtKzZw bPpthZw kmathZw Fnh D-hnXv. B
{]Imi-kzcq]\pw AmWv. GImZi-cp{Zm, ssZXy-
I K
N P
411
m, hncmSv kzcq], kqcymZnIfn Xnfp civan
I, A-cyman kIeXpw AmWv . lnc-b\pw thZ
hnpIfn hcnjvT\pw Bb Asb thZhnpI
kvXpXnpp. kma, bPppI, EpI Chbm
semw kvXpXns- SpXpw AmIpp.
11. Xzw kv{Xo ]pamwkvXzw N Ipamc GI |
kvXzw ssh Ipamco-hyY `qkvXztah |
Xztah [mXm hcpW-- cmPm |
Xzw htcm nba Gh khw.
12. an{Xx kph- { Ct{m hcptWm |
cp{ZkvXzjvSm hnjvWpx khnXm
tKm]-XnkvXzwXzw |
hnjvWp`qXm\n Xp {Xmkn ssZXymw |
kvXztb-hrXw PK-ZpZv `hK`
imn ]mTw
Hmw kl- \m- h- hXp kl\u `q\p kl-
hocyw Ic-hmssh. tXPkzn-\mh-[oX akvXp, am
hnZznjmhssl. Hmw imnx imnx imnx
]c{_w R cpt]- scbpw Hcpanv cn
s. Rsf cpt]- scbpw Hcpanv ]cn]m-ens.
R Hcpanv in{]m]ns. R-fpsS hnZy tXP
kznbmbncns. R ]ckv ]cw tZzjnmXncns.
Hmw. imnx imnx imnx
1. tZhm l ssh `K-ha{_ph "A[oln `K-
h {_ hnZymw.
Hcp L-n tZhmscmhcpw tNv {]Pm]- Xn
bmb {_mhnt\mSv ]dp: ""`K- hmt\, Rv
{_hnZy D]-tZinp XcpI.''
2. k {]Pm- ]-Xn- c- {_- ho- Xv '' kin- Jm tIim
\njvIrjy hnkr-Pyb btm]- hoXw \njv Ir
ITcpt{Zm]\njv
1
3
jy ]p{Xw ZrjvSzm Xzw {_mXzw b-Irjy
]p{Xw ZrjvSzm Xzw {_mXzw bkvXzw hj-
SvImckv Xz- tammckv Xzw kzmlmXzw kz[m Xzw
[mXm Xzw hn[mXm Xzw {]XnjvTm koX htZXv.
AY ]pt{Xm hZ- Xrlw {_mlw btmlw
hj- SvImtcmltammtcmlw kzmlmlw kz[mlw
hn[mXmlw XzjvSmlw {]XnjvTmkv anXn.
{_mhv ]dp: inJtbmsSmw apWvU\w sNbvXv
]qWq Dt]-nv ]p{Xs\ t\mn "\o {_mhpw
b- hpamIpp; \o XsbmWv hj- Svmchpw Hmmc
hpw. \o XsbmWv kzmlmbpw kz[mbpw [mXmhpw
hn[mXmhpw {]XnjvTbpw' Fv ]d- b-Ww. AXns\p
Sv ]p{X ]d- bWw ""Rm {_mhpw bPvRhpw
hj- SvImchpw Hmmchpw kz[mbpw kpJbpw [mXmhpw
hn[mXmhpw XzjvSmhpw {]XnjvTbpw BIpp Fv.
3. Xmt\yXm\y\p {hP- {ip-am]m-XtbXv bZ{ip
am- ]m- X- tbXv {]Pmw hn n - ymXv {]Z- n - W-
Q
13. Xzw `q`phkzkvXzw lnkzbw`q-cY
hniz-tXm-apJx |
b Ghw\nXyw thZbtX Kplmibw |
{]`pw ]pcmWw kh`qXw lncbw
lncWvabw _pnatXmw ]cmKXnw |
k_pnam _pnaXoXy XnjvTXo-Xyp
]-\n-jv
kv {Xo, ]pcpj, Ipamc, Ipamcn, `qan, [mXmhv,
hcp- W, cmPm- hv , a- cw, An, ba, an{X,
kph, N.{, C{, hcpW, cp{Z, XzjvSmhv,
hnjvWp, khnXmhv, tKm]-Xn, PKyjvSmhv Fmw Ap
Xs. Av temIsf ]menpp. `px, `phx, kzx
hniztXmapJ kh`qX kIeXn\pw GIm{ibw Cu
\nebnsemw hncmPnpXpw ApXs. Asb
Adnbp-h AhnZym P\nXamb {`a_pn AkvXanv
Pohp\mbn `hnppshv D]- \njv
GIm- tcm]- \njv kam]np.
I K
N P
412
amhrssyX ssXm\ th- amWmx {]Xym-
bn kkztm `hXn.
]noSv ]cn{hmPI\mbn Krlw ssIhnv ]p{Xan{Xm
ZnI A\pK-anptm IoscmgpcpXv. Fsm
A{ip]mXw kXn \mi- ImcW- amWv. ap-h k\ym
knsb {]ZnWw shv Apanpw t\mmsX Krl
ntebvv aS-Ww. C-s\bp k\ymkn kzw
{]m]npp.
4. {_ Nmco thZa[oXy thtZmm NcnX {_
NtcymZcm\mlrXy ]p{Xm\pXv ]mZy Xm\\qcq]-
hmZn`n hnXtXymjvSzm N intXm b ssx
Xky k\ymtkm Kpcp- `n- c-\p- m- Xky _m-
ssh tkmcWyw ]tcXy ZzmZi cm{Xw ]b-
kmn tlm{Xw PplpbmXv. ZzmZi- cm{Xw ]mtbm`
mkymXv. ZzmZi- cm{Xkymt Atb sshizm
\- cmb {]Pm- ]- Xtb N {]mPm- ]Xyw Ncp- ssh-
jv Whw {Xn]me- anw kwn- Xm\n ]qhmWn
Zmcp ]m{Xm- Wy- K\u Pplp- bm- Xv . ara- bm- \-
b]vkp Pqlp-bmXv ssXP-km\n Kpcth ZZym-Xv.
amXzw ama]- lmb ]cmKmx \mlw Xzma]-lmb ]cm
Km- an- Xn. Kml- ]Xy Zn- Wm- m- hm- l- h- \otb
jzcWn tZimZv `kvaapjvSnw ]nt_- ZntXy- tI. kin
Jm tIim \niv Irjz hnkrPy btm- ]-
hoXw `pxkzmtl- Xyp]vkp PplpbmXv. XX Du[z
a\ i\-a]mT {]thivan {]thiw hocm[zm\w
alm{]- m\w hrm{iaw hm KtXv. ]b-kmbw
{]miv\o-bmXv tkm ky kmbw tlmax. bXv{]mXx
tkmbw {]mX bti Xi\w. bXv ]u-
amtky XXv ]u-amkyw. bZzkt tIi- iv a
{ ip - tem- am- \- Jm\n hm]- tbXv tkmkmn
\njvtSmax
{_Ncy-a\pjvTnv thZm[y- b\w sNbvXv buh\
n hnhmlnX\mbn ]p{XmcpmbXn\ptijw Ahsc
]Tnnv kptbmKycmn bYmin bmZnI
A\pjvTnWw. ]ns KrlnephtcmSpw KpcpP\
- tfmSpw A\phmZw hmn k\ymkw kzoIcnmw. k\ym
kn-bm- bm ]{p cm{Xn h\- n oc- l-h\w
sNbvXv ocmlmcw am{Xw IgnWw. ]{p cm{Xn
Ignm hnjvWphns\bpw {]Pm]-Xnsbbpw kw_- n
p Ncp- hns\ sshizm-\- cm-npw {]Pm- ]-Xnpw
thn lh\w sNWw Cu Ncp aqp aI- IsImv
Xmdmmw. ]ns acm{X Anbn tlmanv
a]m{X Pen Fdnb- Ww. kz-m{Xfpw
apw Kpcphn\v Zm\w sNbvXv ]d- bWw: ""Av Fs
Dt]- nv Zqscsbpw t]mIcpXv . Rm\pw Asb hnv
t]mIn. imkv{Xhn[nb-\pkcnp I A\p
jvTn tijw Kml- ]- Xyml- h\ob ZnWmnIfn
\npw Hcp ]nSn `kvaw FSpv `nWw. inJ- tbm
sSmw apWv U\w sNptm ]qWp Ducn "Hmw
`qkzmlm' Fpcnv AXv Pensednb-Ww. ]ns
CjvSap tbmK{Inb sNmw. As\ At\i\mtem
Pe{]- thi-mtem An{]-thi-mtem alm{]- m\
neqsStbm PohnXw Ahkm\nnWw. An GsX
nepw hrk\ymknbpsS B{i-an Xmaknmw.
]mtem shtam tNp k\ymkn FpIgnptm
AXp Xs AbmfpsS lh\w. Aamhmko- Znhkw `n
p Blmcn\v Zib- - sapw ]u- amknbn
Ignp Blmcn\v ]u- amkn b- sapw ]d-
bp- p. hk Imev apSnbpw XmSnbpw aoibpw
apWvU\w sNpXv AbmfpsS AnjvtSmaamIpp.
kw\ymkymnw ]p\cmhtb-rXyp Pb-
amhl- an-Xy- [yma{m ]tTXv. kzkvXn kh
Po- th`y CXyptmm\a\\yw[ymb Du[z
_mlq hnap amtm `thXv. A\ntIX- tc
Xv. `nmio bXv InnmZymXv esshIw \[m
htbXv Ppc-Wmw hhw CXn. XZhn
tmImx `hn!
kw\ymkw ssIhcnXn\ptijw Aym[m\acpXv.
B[ymnI 480 a{ P]npI am{Xta sNmhq.
kIe PohnIpw awKfw `hns F {]m\
tbmSpIqSn Du[z _mlpambn am-n k-cnWw.
Krlw shSnbWw; `nmw sImv kwXr]v Xnb- SbWw.
HcnSv Xs Ignb-cpXv. hj- Ime-fn FhnsSsb-
nepw Xmaknmw. AXns\ kw_- np tmI.
1. IpWvUImw "Nakw' inIyw {XnhnjvS]- ap]m
\lu
iotXm]LmXn\ow Iw Iu]o\mm Z\w XYm
2. ]hn{Xw kv\m\imSnw N Dcm kmKtah N |
btm]- hoXw thZmw khw XZv
hP-tb- ZyXnx
3. kv\m\w ]m\w XYm iuNaZv`nx
]qXm`ncm-NtcXv |
\Zo-]pfn\ imbokym thm Kmtcjq hm kzt]Xv
4. \mXyw kpJ- ZpxJm`yw ico- cap]
Xm]- tbXv |
kvXpb- amt\m \ XpjytX \nntXm \
it]-Xv]-cm
5. {_NtcyW kwXnjvtTZ{]- amtZ\ akvIco |
Zi\w kv]i\w tIfnx Io\m
Kply-`m-jWw
6. kevt]m [yhkmb {Inbm \nhrn
tch N |
GsXss-Yp\ajvSmwKw {]hZn a\o-jWm
I K
N P
413
7. hn]- coXw {_cy a\pjvtTbw apapp `n; b-
KXv `mkIw `m\w \nXyw `mXn kzXx pcXv.
IaWvUepw, Naksa b- ]m{Xw inIyw {X]n
Zmw, sNcpv, I (tImW- In\p aosX [cnp
hkv{Xw) kv \m\ tijw [cnm\p hkv{Xw Ipimk
\w, btm- ]- hoXw Fn- hbpw thZm- [y- b\ hpw
k\ymkn ssIshSnbWw. kv\m\ ]m\iu-NmZnI ip
Pew sImmbncnWw. \Zo-XS-fntem tZhmeb--
fntem XmaknWw. A[nIw hn{iaw AcpXv. {]iwkn
ptm ktmjtam \nnptm tIm]tam ]mSn
. Bscbpw Ak`yw ]d- b-cpXv. Bekyw hnv {_
Ncyw ]menWw. kv{XoIsf ImWpI, Ahsc kv]in
pI, kwkmcnpI, tKm]yImcy NnnpI, {IoUn
pI, Imtamo-]I kev ]-- fn s]SpI. kamK- an\v
{ianpI, kamK- antesSpI Cs\ ssaYp\w Fp
hn[sav ]WvUnXm ]d-bpp. apappfmb k\ym
knam ssaYp\mZnI shSnv ]cn]q-amb {_
Ncyw ssIsm- Ww.
8. k Gh PKXx kmo khmm hnaem
IrXnx |
{]XnjvTm kh `qXm\mw {]m\L\
eWx
9. \IWm \ {]Pbm \ Nmt\y\ ]n
tI\ NnXv |
{_thZ\amt{XW {_m]vt\m tXyh am\hx
10. XZznZymhnjbw {_ kXy- \
kpJm-Zzbw |
kwkmtc N KplmhmtNy ambu-m\m`n
kwtX
11. \nlnXw {_ tbm thZ ]cta thymav\n
kwtX |
tkm iv\ptX kIem Imamk {ItassW
h {ZntPma
12. {]XyKm\m am\ ambm it
kmnWw |
GIw {_ml- akvaoXn {_ssh `hXn kzbw.
kzbw {]Im- ihpw \nXy- {]- Im- i- kz- cq- ]- hp- amb
Bmhp XsbmWv hnizs {]Iminnp- Xv . AXp
Xs kzkz- cq]n hniz-km- nbpw khm-m- hpw.
{]m\L- \kzcq]w Iw sImtm km[\ sImtm
a\pjy\v {_s {]m]nm km[y- a. {_w AZzn
Xo-bhpw kXy-m\m\ kzcq]- hpamWv. B {_w
]ca thymasap t]tcmSpIqSnb Xs \nXy-[man
hncm- Pn- p- p. m\w- sImt AXns\ Adn- bq.
AXns\ Adnbphs khm`nemj-fpw km[np
p. "Rm GIamb {_amWv ' F `mh\tbmsS {_
n\pw X\npw t`Zans _pntbmsS Am\
n\pw ambbvpw kmn`qXamb {_s Adnbp
m\n {_ambn `hnpp.
13. {_`q-Xm\kvXkvamtZX kvamn
an{inXmXv |
A]-o-IrX BImi kw`ptXmcp
k-hXv .
14. BImi hmbp kwkvXp kv]tim]o
Ir-Xx- ]p\x |
hmtbmcnkvXYm Nmtcm]] AZvt`ym
hkp-cm
15. Xm\n`qXm\n kqvamWn ]o-IrtXy
izc kvXZm |
tX`y Gh hnkrjvSw XXv {_mWvUmZn
inth\ l
16. {_mWvUtky- Ztc tZhm Zm\hhmx
b Incmx |
a\pjymx ]ip]-ym-Zymkv XXv
Im- \pkm-cXx
17. Ankv\mbv hmZncpt]mbw icocw
`mXntZ ln\mw |
tbmba- atbm lymm `mXn khi- co-cnWx
hfpInSp Ib-dp-ImWptm k- sa
{`aw DmIp- Xpt]msebmWv {_cq]amb Cu Bm
hn\npw i_vZXm{X Dmbnp-Xv. ]ns hmbpcq
]- n-ep A]- o-IrXamb Xm{X BImi-n
\npapmbn, ]cammhv kqva XXzsf ]oI
cnv Ah aptJ\ {_mWvUs krjvSnp. {_m
Wv Un Im\pkcWw ssZXym, tZhm, b-
m, In-cm, a\pjy, ]narKmZnI Fo hn`n
h--fpmbn. amwkmn\nnXamb icochpw Im
\pkcWw. XsbmWv krjvSns- ncnp- Xv. Fm
icocnIfpsSbpw A- abamb Cu qetZlw {]Xy-
ambnmW-s- Spptm. AXn \nv `n-ambn {]mW
abmmhv Fv HpIqSnbpsv a\nemWw.
18. XXx{]mW-atbm lymm hn`nmc
nXx |
XtXm hnm\ BmXp XtXm\y
mcx kzXx |
19. B\ab BmXp XtXm\ymcxnXx
tbmba- abx tkmbw ]qx{]mW-atb\ Xp
20. at\m atb\ {]mtWm]n XYm ]qx
kz`m-hXx |
XYm at\matbm lymm ]qtm \
abu Xp
I K
N P
414
21. B\t\ kZm ]qx kZmm\abx
kpJw |
XYm\ab m]]n {_tWm t\y\
kmnWx
Bmhv Cu B\- a-bm- m- hn hknp-p.
hnm\m-Iamb Bmhn\pnepw kqvamXnkq
vaamb Hcp B\abmmhpv. {]mWabamb Bm
hn\m B\abamb Bmhv ]cn]q-amWv. at\ma
bmmhv hnm\abmmhns\qSmsX ]q-amIbn
B\ab- amb B Bmhn \npw `n- ambn asmcm
mhp IqSnbpv . AXv khhym]nbpw khmcymanbpw
]cn]q-hpamb {_amIpp. CXpXs B\abm
mhns\ ]q-amp- Xv.
22. khmtcW ]q {_ \mt\y\
tI\NnXv |
bZnZw {_]pmJyw kXy m\mZzbmIw
23. kmctah ckw e_vt[m kmmtlo
k\m-X\w |
kpJo `hXn kh{X A\yYm kpJXm IpXx
24. AkXykvan ]mc\t kzm`qtX
Jnem\mw |
tIm PohXn \tcm Pp tImhm \nXyw
hntN-jv StX
25. XkvamXv khm\m Nnt `mkamt\m
lyku- \cx |
B\bXn ZpxJmVyw Pohmm\w kZm P\x
26. bZmtlysshj GXkvanZriy
XymZn-e-tW |
\nt`Zw ]cam ssZzXw hntX N almb-Xnx
27. XtZhm _b-aXy IeymWw ]camarXw |
k{Zq]w ]caw {_ {Xn]- cntZhnXw
]t B {_s ]q-amn \mcpan. {_w
kzbw ]q-amWv . Cu {_w XsbmWv kXy- m\
kzcq]hpw khm{i- b- `q- Xhpw khkmchpw ck-abhpw
BW-Xv. Cu \qXXXw {]m]nv tZln kIehn[nepw
kpJnbmbn Ignbpp. ChnsS am{Xta kpJ-apq. CXv
kh- Po- hnI-fp-sSbpw Bm-hm-Wv . {_w IqSmsX
Bpw Pohnm km[ya. AXv kIecpsSbpw Nn
n khmcymanbmbn IpSnsImpp. B ]ca]p
cpj Xs ZpxJmv B\w \Ipp. B ]c
aXXzn\npw t`ZclnXamb ]c{_m ssZzXw {]m]n
p m\n almtbmKnbmbn Xocpp. tZi- ImemXo-
Xhpw A]ncnhpw kzcq]hpamb ]c{_w Xs
bmWv A`bhpw ]ca{_-mhrX kzcq-]hpw awKf kzcq
]-\pw.
28. bZm tlysshj GXkvanev]- cw \cx |
hnPm\mXn XZm Xky `bw kym m{X kwibx
29. Asskyhm\ tImti\ kvXw _mt
hnjvWp-]qhIm |
`hn kpJnt\m \nXyw XmcXay {ItaW Xp
30. XXv ]Zhncky t{imXnb-ky
{]kmZn\x |
kzcq]- `qX B\ kzbw `mXn ]tc bYm
31. \nanw InnZm{inXy Jep i_vZ
{]-hsX |
btXm hmtNm \nht \nanw \ma`mhXx
32. \nhntij ]cm\t IYw i_vZ
{]htX |
XkvamtZX\x kqvaw hym]rXw
kh tKmNcw
{_n \nv Aev]sanepw AIsebmsWv
IcpXpnStmfw Imew a\pjy\v \n`b-\mbncnm
km[ya. sNdnb ]psImSn apX hnjvWp]- cy- ap
kIecpw Cu B-tImi- n \npw \nXym\a\p`
hnp-p. sFlnI ]mc- {XnI kpJ- - fn hncn
tXmnb {]k-Nn-X\mb t{im{Xnb kzcq]-`qXamb
Cu B\w {]m]npp! i_vZw DmIpXv GsX
nepw \nans B{i-bnmWv. Fm ]-XXz
n \nan`mhw D-Xn\m hmv AhnsS t]mbn
aSn hcp khhnj-b- iq\y- amb ]cam\ kzcq]- X
Xzn i_v Zw Fs\ \nm\mWv ? a\v kqva
hpw hym]rXhpw khtKmNchpamIpp.
33. bkv amXv t{im{XXzKymZn JmZn It{n
bmWn N hymhrm\n ]cw {]m]vXpw \ kam
\n Xm\n Xp
34. XZv {_m\a Zzzw \nKpWw kXy-NnZvL\w
hnZnXzmkm cqt]W \ _nt`Xn IpX\
35. Ghw bkvXp hnPm\mXn kzKpccq] t`iXx
k km[zkm[p Im`ymw kZm \ X]Xn {]`p.
AXn\m Cu a\v kqvako-anX intbmsS
kh{X k-cnpp. ImXv, Iv, sXmen XpSnb
C{nb-fpw i_vZmkv]iw hmv apXembhpw ]cn
anXintbmSp IqSnb-hbmWv. AXn\m A]-cXXz
{]m]v Xnv Aka-- fmWv . ZzzmXoX\pw \nKpW\pw
kXy-kzcq]- \pamb B {_ss Xs kzcq]-
sap `mhnp km[Ikh{X `bclnX\mWv . PntX
{nb-\mbn Kpcp]- tZia\pkcnv {]hnv B-km
mXvmcw t\Sn {_kz-cq]amb ]cam\adnbpp
hyn D-am\sWnepw Asnepw kzI-fm
Hcn- epw ZpxJ-n\Sns]-Spn.
I K
N P
415
imn]mTw
Hmw kl \mhXp kl \u
`p\p kl hocyw Ichmhssl tXP
kzn\mh[oXakvXp am hnZznjmhssl
Hmw imnx imnx imnx
Kpcp injymcmb \ cpt]tcbpw ]c{_w
kwcns. AXv \sf cpt]scbpw ]cn]men
s. \ cpt]cpw Hcpanv IgnhpI Bn
s \psS hntZzjw ]pem\nSbmImXncns. Hmw
imnx imnx imnx
1. lcn Hmw Zzm]cmt \mctZm
{_Ww PKmaIYw `Khm tKmw
]cyS Ienw ktcbanXn. ktlmhmN
{_m km[p ]rjvtSmkv am kh{ipXn
clkyw
tKm]yw XrWp tb\ Ienkwkmcw
IenkctWm]\njv
3
1
36.Xm]y- Xm]- Icqt]W hnZmXaJnew PKXv
{]XyKmXbm `mXn m\mZv thZm
hmIy-PmXv
37. ipao-izc ssNX\yw PohssNX\y tah N |
{]amXm N {]amWw N {]tabw N ^ew XYm
38. CXn k]vXhn[w t{]mw `nZytX
hyhlm- cXx |
amtbm]m[nhn \napw ipnaXy `oXnb-tX.
39. ambmkw_ Xttim Pothm hnZym
hi-kv XYm
AxIc-W-kw_- mXv {]amW-anXn IYy- tX.
40. XYm XZv hrn kw_- mXv {]amW-anXn
IYytX AmXa]n, ssNX\yw {]ta-b-anXn
bYytX
41. XYmmXw N ssNX\yw ^eanXy `o
[obtX |
kthm]m[n hn\napw kzmm\w
`mhtbXv kp[ox
42. Ghw tbm thZ XtXz\ {_ `qbmb
Iev ]tX |
khthZmknm kmcw hNvan
bYmXx |
kzbwarXzmkzbw `qXzmky tahmhinjy-tX.
CXyp]-\n-j-v .
hnjbw Xm]Isapw Nnw Xm]y-sapw IcpX
s-Sp- p. Nnhn- j- b- aptJ- \- bmWv kq
temIhpw ]cnenXamIpXv . CXv {]XymKmmhns
cq]- nsev thZmnI ]d- bpp. Xz Ggphn
[nemWv ipw, Cuizc ssNX\yw, PohssNX\yw,
{]amXm, {]amWw, {]tabw, ^ew ChbmWv Ggp XXz
. hyhlmc_pym Chbv v t`Zapv. {_ ip
ssNX\yhpw amtbm]m[n hn\np-hpamWv. ambma
b- \mb- XpsImv AXv Cuizc\pw AhnZybvv hio-`qX
\mbXpsImv Poh\pamWv . AxIcW kw_- - m
AXv mXmhmWv , AXpsImpXs {]amXmhpamWv.
Ahrnbn AXpw {]amW- sapw ]d- b-s- Spp.
AmXambncnpImetmfw {]tab- apv. ssNX
\ymmXamIptm AXns\ ^esav ]d- bp-p.
bYm m\n kthm]m[n hn\nap\mWv. Cu
m\w Cs\ XXz-]cambndnbp- h {_Xzw
{]m]nm Al-\mIpp. Npcpn Rm kh
thZm-fpsSbpw kmcw ]d- p. Ia\pkcnmWv
PohnI P\npXpw acnp- Xpw. CsXmw Bm
hns eoebmIpp. Fsm BmhmsX asmcp
XXzan Fv D]-\nj- pI hyampp.
ITcpt{Zm]- \njv kam]np.
Q
I K
N P
416
Xcnjykn `KhXx BZn]pcpjky \m
cmbWky \mtammcWamt{XW \n
[qX Ien `hXn \mcZx ]p\x {]]
Xma InanXn k tlmhmN
lncWy K`x""ltc cma ltc
cma cma cma ltc ltc ltc IrjvW
ltc IrjvWm IrjvW IrjvW ltc ltc''
Zzm]cbpKmhkm\n Hcp Znhkw \mcZaljn
{_mhns\ kao]nv Cs\ tNmZnp: ""`Khm,
`qtemIn kcnptm F\nv Fs\bmWv
Ien_m[bn \nv tamN\w t\Sphm km[npXv?''
{]k Nn\mbn {_mhv Cs\ ]dp:""hm,
\o tNmZn tNmZyw F\nv hfsc {]nbsXmWv. kh
thZa{fptSbpw \nKqVamb clkyw \n\v Rm
D]tZinp Xcmw. IenImense tZmjw ]cnlcnp
Xn\v GIamw `Khm BZn\mcmbWs ]cnip\m
tammcWamWv.'' B \maw FmsWv \mcZ tNmZn
tm {_mhv Cs\ ]dp:
ltc cma ltc cma cma cma ltc ltc
ltc IrjvW ltc IrjvW IrjvW IrjvW
ltc ltc
2. CXn tjmUiIw \mav\mw Ien
Ievaj \mi\w \mXx ]cXtcm]mbx
khthtZjp ZriytX
apIfn sImSp ]Xnmdp\mafpw IenIme
s ]m]w \innpp. CXnepw saamb amw
thZimkv{XmZnIfn t]mepw ImWsSpn.
3. CXn tjmUiIemhrXky Pohkym
hcW hn\mi\w XXx {]ImitX ]cw
{_ taLm]mtb chnciv an aeothXn
]p\ \mcZx {]] `Kh tImky
hn[ncnXn khm ipNncipNnhm
]w {_mW ktemIXmw kao]Xmw
kcq]Xmw kmbqPyXmtaXn bZmky
tjmUioIky km{XntImSn
P]Xn XZm {_lXymw XcXn
XcXn hoclXymw kzkvtX
bmXv ]qtXm `hXn ]nXrtZha
\pjymWma]IcmXv\yptXm `hXn
kh[ ]cnXymK]m]mXv. kZy
ipNnXmam]v\pbmXv I ktZym apNytX
ktZym apNytX CXyp]\njXv
lcn Hmw XXv kXv
tjmUiIem kamb Pohs Bhcw Cu
\mans klmbm hntZnsSpp. taL
fn \nI kqcy A[nIw {]ImitmsS {]tim
`npXp t]mse ]c{_ns bYm kzcq]w
AtmgmWv kv ]jvSambn sXfnbpXv. ]ns \mcZ
CXns \macq]hn[nsbmsWp tNmZntm
{_mhv adp]Sn ]dp:""CXn\v hntijnv hn[nsbm
pan. ]cniptam A]cniptam Bb GXh
bnepw Cu \maw P]nmhpXmWv. Cu \ma cq]
ssh`hm kmtemIyw (Cuizcs temIv IqsS
]mpI.) kman]yw (Cuizcs kao]ncnpI.)
kmcq]yw (Cuizcs kzcq]w t]mse BIpI.)
kmbqPyw (Cuizc\pambn tNv ebnI.) Cu \mep
hn[nepff apnbpw ssIhcpp. Cu \ma a{w
aqctmSn P]nm km[I {_lXym]m]n
\npw \nhr\mIpw; hoclXym ]m]hpw \inpw.
kz tamW]m]hpw \inpw. a\pjy, tZhm,
]nXr, ChcpsS t\v sNbvXnpff A]Imcns
]m]n \npw DS tamN\w Inpp. kh[]
cnXymK ]m]n\pw AXnthKw ia\w Inpw Fv D]\n
jv.''
IenkctWm]\njv kam]np
Q
Hmw kl\mhhXp kl \u `p\p kl
hocyw IhmhssltXPkzn\mh[oXakv Xp am
hnZznjmhssl Hmw imnx imnx Hmw ]{_w
Kpcp injymcmb R cpt]scbpw cn
tW. R cmsfbpw ]cn]mentW. R
Hcpanv IgnhpI {]Zinnm\nShctW. RfpsS
Imemncpt{Zm]\njv
1
3
I K
N P
417
A[yb\wtXtPmabamItW. R At\ym\w Ieln
m CShcmXncntW.
1. AY Imemncpt{Zm]\njXv kwhtIm
f n Ejn\pjv Spv Ox {ioImemn cpt{Zm
tZhXm {io Imemn cp{Z {]oXyt Pt]
hn\ntbmKx
2. AY Imemncp{Zw `Khw k\XvIpamcx
]{] AYmln `Kh {Xn]pWv{V hn[nw kXXzw
Inw {Zhyw InbXv m\w IXn{[amtWm Im
tcJmtI a{m Im inx Inw ssZhXw IxIm
Inw ^e anXn N
3. Xw tlmhmN `Khm Imemncp{Zx bZv {Zhyw
XZmtbw `kv a ktZymPmXmZn ] {_
ass{x ]cnKrlymncnXn `kva hmbpcnXn `kva
JanXn `kv a PeanXn `kv a CXyt\\m`na{y
am\kv tXmtI X\b CXn karrXy am t\m
almkv tXmtI X\b CXn karrXy am t\m
almanXn PteK kwkPy {XnWmbpj Pa
Zn cn Xn in tcmeemS hx kv Itjp
{Xnbmbpssj kssXyw_ssI kv {Xn in `n
kv XncyIv Xn{kmx tcJm {]IphoX {hXtaXXv
iw`th kthjp thZhmZn`ncpw XkvamXv kam
Ntcpappx \ ]p\`amb
Hcn k\Xv Ipamc `Khm Imemncp{Zt\mSv
tNmZnp. "`Khms\, {Xn]p{[mcWns hn[nXXz
]qhIw F\nv ]dp a\nemn XcpI. AsXm
Wv ? AXns m\ GsXsbmWv? AXns
Afshv?F{X tcJI thWw? GXv a{w D]tbmK
sSpWw? AXns insbv ? tZhX BcmWv?
Imhmcv , AXns ^esav ? AXp tIv Imemn
cp{Z ]dp {Xn]p{ns {Zhyw Antlm{X
nse `kv aw XsbmWv . B `kv aw "ktZym PXm`nx
XpSnb Ap a{ sNmn ssIsmffWw.
AncnXn `kv am, hmbpcnXn `kv a, PeanXn`kv a,
eanXn `kv a, thytaXn`kv a Cu a{m
A`na{nXamWw. "am\kv tXmI F a{w sImv
hncenseSppI " am tKm alm F a{w sImv
shffsaSpv " {Xnbmbpj F a{m incv, eemSw,
hv , kvIw, ChnSfn "{Xbmbpj "{Xyw_I
a{ sNmn aqp tcJI tNv sXmSWw. CXns\
imw`h{hXw FmWv ]dbpI. CXns\n kIeth
Zhmfpw FSpp]dnpv. ]p\Pw B{Kln
m tamNvip CXv [cnt XmWv.
4. AY k\XvIpamcx {]amWaky ]{]
{Xn]p{ [mcWky
5. {Xn[m tcJm BeemSmXv Nptjm
cm{`pthm[yX
6. bmky {]Yam tcJm km Kml]XyImtcm
APx kzmm {Inbm inx EtKzZx {]mXx
kh\w atlizcotZhtXXn
7. bmky Zzn Xobm tcJm Zn WmcpImc
kXyw acmm Cmin bPpthtZm am[y
anZw kh\w kZminthm tZhtXXn
8. bmkym XrXobmtcJm kmlh\otbm aImcx
kvXa ]camm m\ in kmathZkvXr
Xob khu almtZthm tZhtXXn
9. {Xn]p{hn[n `kva\m ItcmXn tbm hnZzm
{_Nmcn Krlo hm\{]tm bXnhm kalm
]mXtIm`hmXtI`yx ]qtXm `hXn kthjp
Xotjp kv \mtXm `hXn khm thZm\
[otXm `hXn khm tZhm mtXm `hXn
k kXXw kIe cp{Z a{Pm]n `hXn k kIe
t`mKm `pMv t tZlw Xyzm inh kmbpPy
taXn \ k ]p\cmhtX k \ ]p\cmhtX
l kvXml `Khm Imemn cp{Zx
10. bkv tXzXZzm f ZzmA[otX tkm At\y
Ghtah `ntXymw kXy anXyp]\njv
C{Xbpw tIv k\XvIpamc tNmZnp {Xn]p{X
n aqp tcJI CSpXn\pff ImcWsamWv?
Dcw CXmbncpp aqp tcJIfn BZytXv
Kml]Xymn cq]hpw ctPmKpWIcp]hpw `qtemI
cq]hpw kzmIcq]hpw {Inbmin EtKzZw {]mXkv X
h\wChbpsSbpw atlizcsbpw cq]nepffXmIpp.
cmas tcJ ZnWmn cq]w, DImccq]w, kzXzcq]w,
Acocq]w, Cmincq]w,bPp thZcq]w am[yw
Zn\ kh\ cq]w kZminhcq]w Ch tNXmWv .
aqmas tcJ Blh\ob cq]w, aImc cq]w, Xtam
cq]w, ZyutemI cq]w, ]amcq]w , m\in cq]w,
kmathZ cq]w CsXmw tNXmWv IqSmsX XrXob
kh\sbpw almtZhs\bpw {]Xn\n[oIcnpp.
Cs\ {_Nmcntbm Krlt\m hm\{]t\m
hm\{]t\m k\ymkntbm BIs hn[n]qhw
{Xn]p{w [cnp ]w Abm alm]m]fn
\npw D]]mXIfn \npw ap\mbnocpp.
kIe Xofnepw kv\m\w sNbvX ^ew Inpp.
kIe tZhXIfpsSbpw PmRmXmhmIpp. kIe
kpJfpw A\p`hnv Abm inhtemInsepp.
]ns Abmv ]p\cmhrnbn. Cs\ `Khm
Iemncp{Z ]dp. CXv ]Tnph\pw AtX
\nebnsepp Fv D]\njv hyampp.
Imemn cpt{Zm]\njv kam]np.
I K
N P
418
IpntIm]\njv
1
3
imn ]mTw
Hmw B]ybp aawKm\n hmIv {]mWp:
t{im{XatYm _e an{nbmWn N khmWn khw
{_tm]\njZw amlw {_ \ncmIpcymw. am am
{_ \ncm Ic Wa kv Xz \ncmI cWw ta Akv Xp.
XZm\n \nctX b D]\n jXv kp [mkvtX
abnkp Hmw imnx imnx imnx
Hmw Fs AwK ]pnsb {]m]n tW. hmv,
{]mW, t\{Xw, t{im{Xw Fnhbpw C{nb fpw ]pn
{]m]ntW. CXv D]\njZpamb {_ amWv. Rm
AXns\ \ncmIcnmXncn tW. {_w Fs ssIshSn
bmXncntW. F\np {_n\pw Xn At`Zy
_w DmIpamdmItW. {_ \ncX\mb Fn D]
\n jZp fmb [ \nesImtW. Hmw imnx
imnx imnx
1. lcn Hmw {_Ncym{ita otW |
Kpcp ip{iqjtW cXx |
thZm\ [oXym\pmX |
DNytX KpcpWm{iao ||
2. ZmcamlrXy kZri |
anam[mb inXx |
{_oannw bPmm |
kmatlmcmt{XW \nht]Xv ||
3. kwhn`Py kpXm\t |
{KmayImam hnkrPy N |
kc h\ amtW |
ipNu tZti ]cn{`a ||
4. hmbp `tmw f _p`tm hm |
hnlnssXx IpaqessIx |
kzicotc kam]ymY |
]rYnhymw \m{i]mZtbXv ||
5. kl tXss\h ]pcpjx |
IYw kp\ykvX DNytX |
k \mat[tbm bkv anwkvXp |
IYw kw\ykvX DNytX ||
thZ ]Tnv {_ Ncym{iaw Ahkm\nn Xn\p
tijw Kpcpip{iqjm \nc X\mbnhn ph\pw hnp
t]mIm Kpcphn \nv A\phmZw Innb h\pamb
injys\ B{ian Fv ]dbpp. X\nnWnb I\y
Isb hnhmlw Ignv bYmin Aym[m\w sNbvXv
{_ bn apgpIn bncnpI Krl s IS a bm
Wv. ]ns ]p{X mv [\w hn`Pnp sImSpv \mpIm
cyfpw Ahsc G]nv h\n t]mIpI. AhnsS
]cnip m\ n k cn Ww. hmbp `I\mtbm
Ingpw, Imbpw Xntm icocw kwcnWw. F{X
{]bmkapmbmepw Io s]mgn cpXv. C{X bpamb Xp
sImpam{Xw Hcm kw\ymknbmIn. BZyw kqNnnXv
kmam\y \nba amWv . k\ymkw AXnepw D]cn bmb Hm
Ipp.
6. XkvamXv ^ehnipmwKo |
kw\ymkw kwlnXm\mw |
An hw hn\njv{Iay |
hm\{]w {]]ZytX ||
7. temIhXv `mcybm f ktm |
h\w KXn kwbXx |
kwXrzm kwkrXn kpJ
ap\pXnjvTXn Inw ap[m |
8. Inwhm ZpxJa\pkvarXym
t`mKmwkvXyP Xn tNmN{hnXm |
K`hmk`bmZv `oXx iotXmjvWm`yw XssY hN
9. Kplyw {]thjvanman ]cw ]Za\mabw |
CXnx kw\ykym{Kna]p\cmh\w b arXyp
PbamhlmaoXn. |
Amcyn\v ^emt] IqSmsX k\ymkbp
\mbn Ansbbpw hsbpw XyPnv hm\{]m
{iaw kzoIcn Ww. km[mc Wmsc tmse kv {XokpJw
temIkpJw Fnh shSnv Imn sNp sNp
A\pjvTm\ fm ^ean Asn K`intXmjvWt
imZn I `bv Imn Ign bp Xnepw Aan.
bYm hm\{]\pw kw\ymknbpw Krlw shSnbp
Xv ]ca]Z{]m]v Xn mWv . ]p\PmZn ZpxJn \nv
hnSpX Inm m\n arXypRvPbamb ]c{_s
B{ibnpp.
10. AYm [ym a {m Pt]Xv Zomapt]bmXv
Imjmbhmkmx Itm]temam\n hPtbXv
Du[z_mlphnap amltm `hXn
I K
N P
419
11. A\n tI X tcZv `nm im io \n Zn [ym k\w
Z[ymXv. ]hn{Xw [mc tbpkwcWmw
XZ]n tmImx `hn.
A[ym a{ P]np Imjmb hkv{Xw [cnpw
Zo kzoIcn t Xpv . Iw D]w Fnhbnse
tcmasfmgnsI _mn tcma hSnp IfbWw.
Du[z_mlphmbn tkzm\pkcWw k cnpI. Krlw
hnv `nmw sImv ]pecWw. \nZn[ymk\w thWw.
Ppfn \nv kwcWn\v ]hn{Xw [cnWw.
AXns\ kw_n p tmI.
12. IpnImw Nakw inIyw |
{Xnhn ]ap]m\lu |
iotXm]LmXn\ow Imw |
Iu]o\mmZ\w XYm ||
13. ]hn{Xw kv\m\imSnw N DcmkmKta hN |
AtXmXncnw bXv InnXv |
khw XZzmPtbZyXnx ||
Ia ep, ]m{Xw, {Xnhn]w, sNcn v , XWpv XSbm
\pXIp XpWn Iu]o\w Ipfnm\p tXmv AwK
hkv{Xw C]sbmgnp sXmw kw\ymkn ]cnXyPn Ww.
14. \Zo]pfn\imbo kymXv |
tZhmKmtcjp_mlyXx |
\mXyw kpJ ZpxJm`ymw |
icoc ap ]Xm]tbXv ||
15. kv\m\w ]m\w XYm iuN
aZv`nx ]qXm`ncmNtcXv |
kvXqbamt\m \ XptjyX |
\nntXm \ it]Xv ]cm ||
16. `nmZnssh Zew ]m{Xw |
kv\m\{Zhy ahmcnXw |
Ghw hrnap]mkot\m |
btX {ntbm Pt]Xv kZm ||
17. hnizmb a\pkw tbmKw |
a\km `mhtbXv kp[ox ||
BImimZzm bphPmtbmtPyXn tPymXnj Bt]m,
A]v `yx, ]rYnho, Gjmw `qXm\mw {_\{]]tZym APc
a a c c ahybw {]tZym
18. aJ kpJmw t`m[u |
_lp[m hnizhoNbx |
DXv]Zyt hneobt |
ambmamcpX hn{`amXv ||
19. \ ta tZtl\ kw_tm |
tatLt\h hnlmbkx |
AXx IptXm ta Xm |
Pm{KXv kz]v\ kpjp]vXnjp ||
]pgbpsS Xoctm t{Xns shfnbntem InS
s. BhiyanmsX icocs ]oUnncpXv. Ipfn
m\pw IpSnm\pw iuNn\pw ip Pew ssIsm
Ww. kvXpXnbn ktmjnpItbm \n bn tIm]np
Itbm AcpXv. `nm]m{X hpw shhpw InpXv kzoI
cn Ww. Cs\ D ahrntbmsS kw\ymkn P]Xev]
c \mIWw. BImin \nv hmbphpw hmbphn \nv
tPymXnpw tPymXnn \nv Pehpw Pen \nv
]rYznbpw Cs\ kh`qX fnepw hym]cncnp
{_s Rm {]m]nncnpp. APchpw Aachpw
A chpw Ahyb hpamb {_s Rm {]m]nncnp
p. AJ kpJkap{Zamb Fn AkwJyw Xncam
eI ambmamcpX hn{`a m Dmbn hnebwsImp
p. BImin\v taLhpambn _anm Xpt]mse
icocs _m[np Pm{KXv kz]v\ kpjp]vXn XpSnb
{]Xn`mkfpambn F\nv bmsXmcp bmsXmcp _hpw
C.
20. BImihXv Iev]hnZqctKm f l
amZnXyhZv `mkyhnetWm f lw |
BlmccyhnXy hn\ntem f l
awt`m[nhXv ]mchnhntXm f lw ||
21. \mcmbtWm f lw \cImtIm f lw |
]pcm tIm f lw ]pcptjm f laoix |
AJ t`mt[m f latijkmo |
\ncoiztcm f lw \nclw N \nax ||
BImis tmse Rm Iev]\mXoX\pw kqcys\
tmse {]Imiap ]Zmfn \nv thdnh\pw
]hXXpeyw ANe\pw kap{Zw t]mse A]mchpw
BWv Rm. \mcmb W\pw \c ImI\pw ]pcmI\pw
]pcpj\pw \ncoiz c\pw \nc l mc\pw \na \pamWv .
22. XZ`ymtk\ {]mWm]m\u kwbay
X{X tmIm `hn
hrjWm]m\ tbm at[y |
]mWn Bmbkw {itbXv |
kwZiyi\ssI Pnlzmw |
bhamt{X hn\nXmw ||
23. amjmam{Xmw XYm Zrnw t{imt{X
m]yXYm `qhn
{ihtW \mkntI Km |
bXx kzw \ N kw{itbXv |
I K
N P
420
24. AY ssih]Zw b{X |
XZv {_ {_ XXv]cx |
XZ`ymtk\ et`yX |
]qhPmPn X Nm\mw ||
{]mWm]m\sfn hrjWn\pw KpZn\pw at[y
cp ssIIfpw shbv Ww. ]pIsImv \mv kmh
[m\w Aan Hcpb h{]amWw shfn bn tev XWw.
Zrn I nepw ]noSv `qanbnepw BWw. As\
sNbvXm sNhnbn i_vZhpw aqn Khpw Fp
Ibn. {_s [ym\nph XsbmWv {_w.
Ah Xs inh. ]qhP ]pWym a\pjy\v
{_Xzw {]m]nm Ign bpw.
25. kw`qssX hmbp kw{im]y |
lrZbw X] DNytX |
Du[zw {]]ZytX tZlmZv |
`nXzm aq[m\ahybw ||
26. kztZlkv Xp aq[m\w |
tb {]m]y ]camw KXnw |
`qbkv tX \ \nht |
]cm]chntZm P\mx ||
27. \ kmoWw kmy[mx kwkv]rin
hneWw
AhnImcap{Zmko\w |
Krl [mx {]Zo]hXv ||
28. Pte hm]n te hm]n |
IZImt]yj PUmIx |
\mlw hnent]y Xss
LS[ss \t`m bYm ||
lrZb ns Xm]w Fp ]dbpXv hmbphns
\mZw DmIpXmWv. AXv tZlw t`Znp apIfntep
t]mbn icnsepp. kztZln \npw aqm
hns\ {]m]n pIsb XmWv ]c a KXn. AXv {]m]n p
{_m \n I ap cmIp p. hnNmc iq\y \mb
kmnsb Krl [n s\ t]mse \njv {]tbmP \ am
bnocp PUicocw Pen ]Xns. en
]Xns. ssNX\y kzcq]amb F\nv IpSw ImcWw
BImin\v bmsXmcp hnIrXnbpw `hnmXpt]mse
Hcp hnIrXnbpw DmIpn. Rm Cu {]m]nIXbn
]nn Snh\mhn.
29. \njv{Intbm f kvarhn Imtcm f kvan |
\njvItem f kvan \ncmIrXnx |
\nhnIt]m f kvan \ntXym f kvan |
\ncmewt_m f kvan \nZzbx ||
30. khmtIm f lw kthm f lw |
khmXotXm f laZzbx |
tIhemJ t_mt[m f lw |
kzm\tm f lw \nccx ||
31. kztah khXw ]iy |
a\yam\x kaZzbw |
kzm\a\p`qRv Pmt\m |
\nchnIevt]m `hm arlw ||
32. Kwk XnjvTp]hni |
ibmt\m hm f \rYm]n hm |
bYvbm htk hnZzm |
\mmcmax kZm ap\nx ||
CXyp ]\n jv
Rm \njv{Inb\pw \nhnImc\pw \njv If\pw \ncm
IrXnbpw \nhnIev]\pw \nXy\pw \ncmew_\pw \nZz
b\pw khmI\pw khmXoX\pw AZzb\pw tIhem
J t_m[\pw kzm\\pw kIeXpw ImWph\pw
BWv. kzbw AZzbs\p a\ n emn kzm\p`qXnbn
\nhnIey kzcq]\mbncnpp. \Sp L nepw
Ccn ptmgpw \nptmgpw InSptmgpw GXphn[
nepw ap\nbmb Bmhv Cb \pkcnv Bmcma\mbn
]c {_ kzcq]\mbn hknpamdm Is.
IpntIm]\njv kam]np.
Q
Irjv tWm]\njv
1
3
imn ]mTw
Hmw. `{Zw It`nx irWpbmatZhm `{Zw
]tiy-am-`nb-P{Xmx nssc-cwssKx
kvXpjv Sp
I K
N P
421
hmwk- kv X- \p- _nhy- tia tZh- ln Xw bZmbpx
kzkvXn\ Ct{mhr {ihmx kzkvXn \x ]pjm
hniz thZmx kzkv Xn \ kvXmtym Acnjv S
t\anx kzkvXn t\m _rl kv]Xn Z[mXp.
Hmw. imnx imnx imnx.
Hmw. tZhmsc, R I- -fm ip`w {ihn
s. IpIfm ip`w ImW- s, kpZrV- -fmb AwK-
- fmepw ico- cnepw \nsf kvXpXnpsImncnm
\nShcs. tZhm Rv \nbnnp Bbpv
A\p`hnm\nShcs. AXnIonbp C{ R
v \ sNs. kh- \mb ]qjzmhv Rv \
sN- s. A{]-Xntcm[K- Xnbmb KcpU Rv \
sN-s. Hmw. imnx imnx imnx
1. lcn Hmw. {ioalmhnjv Wp knZm\ eWw
cmaN{w ZrjvSzm khmwKkpcw ap\tbm h\
hmknt\m hnkvanXm _`qhpx Xw tlm Np t\m
AhZy- ahXmcm ss\z KW-bt BenwKmtam `h
anXn. `hmtc Irjv WmhXmtc bqbw tKm]nIm
`qXzm amamenwK-Y. At\y tb AhXmcmkvtX ln
tKm]m \ kv {Xo t\m Ipcp. At\ym\y- hn{Klw
[mcyw Xhmw-K- kv ]k-\m-Znl iizXw kv]in-
bnXm Akv amIw KrlvWotam AhXmcm hbw.
almhnjvWphpw knZm\e- W\pw khmwKkp
c\pamb cmaN{s\ Iv h\hmknIfmb ap\nam
hnkvanXcmbnop. Ah Fmhcpw IqSn Atl
tmSp ]dp: ""A- bpsS Bm\pk- cWw R
`qanbn PsaSpm XbmdmWv. Fm Av R
v tKm]mcpsSbpw tKm]nIfpsSbpw Pw XctW.
AhnsS A-bpsS kmn[yhpw AwK-kwkv]ihpw
e`nphm\p Ahkcw e`npsImncpm AsXmcp
henb A\p{K- l- ambncnpXmWv.
2. cp{ZmZo\mw hNx {ipXzm t{]mhmN `K- hm kzbw
AwK-kwKw Icnjyman `hZzmIyw Itcmaylw
cp{ZmZnIfmb tZhmcpsS t{]aw \nd hmptIv
`K-hm ]dp: "\n-fpsS B{Klw \nb- ambpw \nd-
thdpw. a\pjyP- n \nv Fs AwK-kv]i-
n\v Ahkcw e`np-XmWv.
3. tamZnXmkvtXkpcmkth IrX IrXym
[p\m hbw
tbm \x ]cam\tm btimZm apn tKln\o
4. ambm km{Xn hn[m t{]mm kXz cmP
kXmako
t{]mm N kmXzn Iocpt{Z `t {_Wn
cmPkn
5. Xmako ssZXy ]tjp ambm t{X[m
lypZmlrXm
AtPbm sshjvW-ho- ambm Pt]y\ N
kpXm ]pcm
6. tZhIo {_]p{Xm km bm thssZ cp] KobtX
\nKtam hkptZthm tbm thZmw
IrjvW cmatbmx
7. kvXphtX kXXw bkvXp tkm hXot
alo- Xte
ht\hrm ht\ {IoU tKm] tKm]o
kpsscx kl
8. tKmt]ym Kmh ENkvXky bjvSnIm Iaemk\
hwi- kkvXp `K-hm cp{Zx irwK-ant{m k
tKmkpcx
9. tKmIpew h\sshIpWvTw Xm]- kmkvX{X
X{XtX
{Zpam tem` t{Im[mZtbm ssZXym IenImekvXn
c-kv IrXmx
tZhmscmw `K-hms hmp tIv Gsd kp
jvScmbn. Ah At\ym\yw ]dp: "Ctm \mw IrX
IrXy-cmbn.'' XpSv Ah `K-hms Bm\phn
IfmIm AhXcnp. apn btimZbpsS cq]-n P\n
p. kmXznIn, cmPkn, Xmakn Fns\ amb aqphn
[amWv. cp{Z\n kmXznIo-ambbpw {_mhn cmPkn
ambbpw ssZXymcn Xmakoambbpw tNp. Cu aqp
hn[nep amb-bn \npw `n-amb sshjvW- ham
bsb PbnpI hfsc {]bmkamWv . {_abnbmb
sshjv W-hnambsb ]v {_mhn\p t]mepw Pbnm
Ign- n- . B ambsb tZh- m kv XpXn- p- p.
sshjvW- ho-amb Xsbmav tZhInbmbn P\nXv. thZ
hkptZh\mbn AhXcnp. thZ-fpsS A-`q
Xamb {_w XsbmWv IrjvW\pw _ecma\pambn
P\nXv . {ioIrjvWs tKmfpw tKm]-tKm]nIfpamWv
thZ-fnse EpI. hSnbmbn {_mhpw thWphmbn
Ip{Z\pw P\np. C{ irwK- ambn- hXcnp. C{]-Imcw
kmm sshIpWv Tw XsbmWv tKmIpeambn {]Xy-
- s--Xv. AhnsS Xm]kmcmb almm hr- -
fpsS cq]w [cnp. tem`w t{Im[w XpSnb hnImc
ssZXy- mcmbnop. Cu hnImc IenImen
`K-hms \mtammcW am{Xbn Xs \inpp.
10. tKm]-cqt]m lcnx kmmXv ambm hn{K- l- [m
cW Zpt_m[w IplIw Xky- ambbm tamlnXw
PKXv
11. Zpbm km kpssc kssh[rjvSn cqt]m
`thZznZx cpt{Zm tb\ IrtXm hwikvX ky amb
PK-Xv IYw
I K
N P
422
12. _ew m\w kpcmWmw ssh tXjmw
m\w lrXw WmXv tij-\mtKm `th{Zmax
IrjvtWm {_sshimizXw
13. Ajv SmhjvS klt{k tZz iXm[nIyx kv{Xob-
kvXYm EtNm]- \nj-ZkvXm ssh {_ cq]mx ENx
kv {Xobx
14. tZzj- mWq-catmbw htcm apjvSntImx
Pbx
Zx Iphebm]otUm Kthm cx JtKm _Ix
15. Zbm km tcmlnWo amXm kXy- `mam [tcXn
ssh ALmkptcm almhym[nx Ienx Iwkx k
`q]Xnx
16.itam an{Xx kpZam N kXym {Iqtcmthm Zax
bx iwJ kx kzbw hnjvWp evao cqt]m hyh
nXmx
17. ZpKv[kv\o\v[u kapXv]m taL-tLmjkvXp
kwkv arXx ZpKv tm Z[n x IrX- kv tX\ `m-
ImWvtUm Z[n{Klx
18. {IoUtX _metIm `qXzm Z[n{Klx ]qhhXv
kpatlmZ[u kwlmcmw N i{XqWmw c-
Wmb N kwnXx
19. Ir]mt kh`q-Xm\mw tKm]vXmcm [
amPw bXv {kjv Sp- ao- iz- tc- Wm- ko N{Iw
{_cq-]-[rIv .
tKm]s cq]-n eoemhn{Kl cq]w [cnncnp
- Xv. `K-hm lcn XsbmWv. Cu {]]w ambmtam
lnXamWv. AXn\m Cuizco- b- ambbpsS clkyw Adn
bpI {]bmkamWv. Fsm `K-hms amb tZh
mp Xsbpw Adnbm sRcpw. BcpsS ambmhn
emk-m {_mhn\v hSnbmbpw inh\v thWphmbpw
P\ntn hp. B `K-hms amb-sb-{dn km[mcW
P\ Fs\ Adnbm\mWv? tZhmcpsS m\
_ew t]mepw {iol- cnbpsS amb \njv{]- Zamn. k\m
X\ {_w {ioIrjvW-s\bpw A\ _ecma\mbpw
P\np. IrjvWs ]Xn\mdmbncsp ]Xv \nam thZ
nse EpIfpw D]-\nj- pIfpamIpp. IqSmsX {_
kz-cq]nWnIfmb thZnse EpI tKm]nIamcmbn
P\np. NmWqca tZzjhpw apjvSnI a-chpw Iph
ebm]oUw Z- hpamWv. BImi-Nmcnbmb _Imkpc
KhamWv ; Zb Xs tcmloWo amXmhv; ]rYzoamXmhmWv
kXy`ma. almhym[n ALmkpc\mbpw Iwk\mbpw P\n
p. iaw kpZmamhnsbpw kXyw A{Iqcsbpw Zaw D
hcpsSbpw `mhw tNp. iwJw hnjvWp XsbmWv
evanbpsS {`mXmhmb-Xp-sImv evanp Xpeyw
XsbmWXv. {ioIrjvW ]m, ssXcv XpSnbh \nd
IpS DSv tKmIpen hnl-cntm. ]mSens
eoe XsbmW- Xv. ocZ[n {]hml- amIp ]mS
en _mecq]- n `K-hm IrjvW apnes
tmse {IoUnp sImncnpp. k-\]cn]me\
nepw ZpjvS\n{K- l-nepw Atlw kam\ `mhtmSv
IqSn apgpInbncnpp. kIetcbpw A\p{K- lnm\pw
[kwc-Wn\pamWv `K-hm IrjvW temI
n AhXmcsaSp- Xv . ]cainh hnjvWphn\pthn
GsXmcp N{Iw \nnpthm AXpXs- bmWv {ioIr
jvWs IcIae- fn ImWs-Sp- Xv . B N{Iw {_
Xpey- amIp-p.
20. Pbo kw`thm hmbp - - atcm [
kwnXx bkymk\ Pze\m `mkx JUvK-cqt]m
atl- izcx
21. Iip- t]m- eq- J- em- JymtXm cpam- XmZnXn
kvXYm N{I iwJw N kwknnx _np N kh
aq[\n
22. bmhn tZhcq]mWn hZn hn_p[mx P\mx
\an tZh cqt]`yx GhamZn \ kwibx
23. KZm N ImenIm kmmXv kh i{Xp
\n_lnWo
[\px imMw kzambm N icX Imex
kpt`m-P\x
24. A_vP ImWvUw PKXv _oPx[rXm ]mWu
kzeo-ebm KcptUm hS`mWvUocx kpZmam \mc
tZm ap\nx
25. hrm `nx {Iob-_pnx kh Pp {]Im
in\o Xkv am- - `nw \m`n- - am- `n `ntm \
sshhn`px
26. `pamhpmcnXw khw sshIpWvT kz- hm
kn\mw khXo ^ew e`tX b Gh thZ
tZl _m ZznapNytX CXyp]- \njv lcn Hmw
XXv kXv.
hmbp `K-hm ssh Pbn amebpsS cq]hpw [w
Nmaccq]hpw ssIsmp atl-izc DPzeamb JUvK-
ns cq]hpw Iiy] tKmIp- ense Dcens cq]hpw
kzoIcnp. kh h-fpsSbpw apIfnembn A\p
kzmcw Ae- m-c- am- bn- cn- p- - Xp- t]mse kthm- ]cn
tim`np BImiw `K-hms IqsSbmWv. hmevaoIn
hymk XpSnb aljnam tZhmcpsS GtXsXmw
cq]- - sfn hn- n- ptm kh {]mWn- Ifpw
GsXmw cq]n tZhmsc \akv Icnpptm A-
s\bp Fm tZhmcpw {ioIrjv Ws tKmIpen
hknpp. `K- hms KZ kmm Imfn kzcq]- amWv.
AXv kIe i{Xpsfbpw \innphm Ignhp- Xm
Wv. imMw F [\pns cq]-nepw Ime Xs
bmWv. AXn sXmSp _mWns cq]-nepw ImW
I K
N P
423
imn ]mTw
Hmw kl\m hhXp kl \u `p\p klhocyw
Ichmhssl tXPkzn \mh[oXakvXp am hnZzn
jmhssl Hmw imnx imnx imnx
]c{_w R cpt]tcbpw cns. AXv
\s cpt]tcbpw ]cn ]mens. R cpt]cpw
Hcpanv IgnhpI t\Ss. \psS A[yb\w tXtPma b
ambncn s. \mw ]c kv ]cw hntZzjw ]pemXncn s.
Hmw imnx imnx imnx
1. Hmw AYmizmembt\m `Khw
]cta jvTn \ ap] ktatXymhmN:
A[oln `Kh {_hnZymw hcnjvTmw I
kZm kZv`nx tkhyam\mw \nKqVmw I
bYm f NncmXv kh]m]w hyt]mly I
]cmXv ]cw ]pcpjw bmXn hnZzm II
Bizmemb\aljn {_ hnZy AdnbWsap
B{KltmSpIqSn kanXv ]mWnbmbn {_mhns\ kao
]nv hn\b tmSp IqSn ]dp: `Khms\, GXp am
n IqSnbmtWm almm kZm k cnp sImn
cnpXv, GXp hn[ amtWm hnZzmm ]qhPmPnXamb
]m]fn \np tamNnv ]c{_s {]m]npXv
tKm]\obhpw AXyw t{ijvThpamb B {_hnZy
Zbhp sNbvXv F\nv D]tZinp Xc Ww.
2. Xkvssa k tlmhmN ]nXmalx:
{im`n [ym\tbmKmZsshln I
ssIhteym] \njv
1
3
{_mhv Aizmemb\t\mSv ]dp; {i `n
[ym\w tbmKw ChsImv AXv t\Sphm {ianpI.
3. \ IWm \ {]Pbm [t\\ I
XymKss\tI AarXXzam\ipx I
]tcW \mIw \nlnXw Kplmbmw I
hn{`mPtX bZyXtbm hnin II
[\w sImtm km\ sImtm I
sImtm B ]c aXXzw {Klnm km[ya. XymKw am{X
amWv AXn\p amw. XymKmemWv {_ m\nI
]c aamb AarXXzw {]m]n npXv. kzn\pw D]cn
bmbn nXn sNp B {_temI{]m]vXn kwban
Ipw tbmKnIpw am{Xta e`nq.
4. thZm hnm\kp\nnXmmx
k\ymktbmKmZyXbx ipkXzmx
tX {_temtIjp ]cmImte
]cmarXmx ]cnapNyn kth II
thZmm[ymb \ m ]c aamb hnm\amnv
{ihWa\\ tbmKm`ymkmZnIfm ]c aXXz {]m]vXn \nXy
amn. AxKcW ipn hcpn {_ temI{]m]vXnv
{]bXv\np tbmKnIv am{Xw Iev]m Imev Aar
XXz {]m]vXn e`npp.
5. hnhn tZti N kpJmh\x I
ipNnx ka{Kohiocx icocx I
Aym{iax kIte{nbmWn I
\ncpym `ym kzKpcpw {]Way
s- SpXv {]]- -ns _oPcq]amIp Iaew `K-
hms ssIIfn keoew tim`npp. ZWvUo-chShr
- ns cq]w KcpU\pw kr`mamls cq]w \mcZ\pw
kzoIcnp. kmm `n XsbmWv hr. _pn
Xs `K-hms {Inbmi- n. Cs\ tKm]-m tKm]n
I XpSnb-h Fmw Xs {ioIrjvW-\n \npw
A`n-fmIpp. B `K-hm XsbmWv kz- n
sebpw sshIpWvTnsebpw Fm tZhmscbpw `qan
bn AhXcnnXv. CXv icnbmbn Adnbp m\nv
kIe Xo- fnepw kv\m\w sNbvXmep ^ew e`npw.
icoc _w hnv Ah\v apnt\Sm\pw km[npp .
IrjvtWm]- \njv kam]np.
Q
I K
N P
424
6. lrXv ]pcoIw hncPw hnipv[w I
hnNny aty hniZw hntimIw I
ANnyahy a\cq]w I
inhw {]imaarXw {_tbm\nw II
7. XamZn a[ymhnlo\taIw I
hn`pw hnZm\ acq]aZv`pXw I
Damklmbw ]ctaizcw {]`pw I
{XntemN\w \oeIWvTw {]imw I
[ymXzm ap\nKXn `qX tbm\nw I
kakvX kmnw Xakx ]ckvXmXv II
k\ymkm{ianencpv kv\m\mZnIfm icoc ipn
hcpn GIm m\ncpv tbmKnI Xe Igpv
icocw Fnh t\scbmn Fm C{n bfpw GIm
amn {itbmSp `ntbmSpw Kpcphns\ ]qPnv \akvI
cnv lrZbn \npw ctPmKpWw AIn ZpxJ timIm
ZnI shSnv hnip `n XXzw a\w sNpp. Cs\
[ym\ m ap\nam ANny\pw Ahy\pw A\
kzcq]nbpw IeymWImcnbpw AZznXob\pw khhym
]nbpw Acq]\pw hneW{]immarX cq]nbpw {_
tbm\nbpw BZna[ymlo\\pw GI\pw hn`phpw NnZm\
\pw Acq]\pw ApX\pw Dam]Xnbpw ]ctaizc\pw
{]`phpw {Xnt\{X\pw \oeIWvT\pw {]im\pw khN
cmNc\mY\pw kh kmnbpw AhnZymXoX \pamb
{_s [ym\wsImp kmmXvIcnpp.
8. k {_m k inhx tk{x I
tkm f cx ]cax kzcmSv I
k Gh hnjvWpx k {]mWx I
k Imtem f nx k N{amx II
9. k Gh khw bZv `qXw I
b `hyw k\m X\w I
mXzm Xw arXypatXyXn I
\m\yx ]mhnaptb II
10. kh`qXamm\w I
kh`qXm\n Nm\n I
kw]iy {_ ]caw I
bmXn \mt\y\ tlXp\m II
{_mhv, inh, C{, Ac{_w, {]mW,
An, Ime, `qXw, `hyw, k\mX\w, Fmw AXp
ssbp a\nemn acWs Pbnm km[np
p. AmsX tam n\v thsd hgnbn . kh
`qXfnepw Bmhns\bpw Bmhns\ kh`qX
fnepw ImWp h ]c ammhns\ {]m]npp.
11. Bm\acWnw IrXzm I
{]mWhw tNmcmcnWnw I
m\ \nY\m`ymkmXv I
]m]w ZlXn ]nXx II
]nX AxIc Ws Xmsgbp Ac Wnbmn
{]Whs DcmcWnbmn cpw \nccw aY\w
sNpp. XXv ^ eamb m\mnbn Fm ]m]fpw
`kva amn kwkmc_apcmIpp.
12. k Gh ambm]cntamlnXmm I
icocammb ItcmXn khw I
kv{Xy]m\mZn hnNn{Xt`mssKx I
k Gh Pm{KXv ]cnXr]vX taXn II
Ah Xs ambmtamlnX BmthmsS icocamWv
Fmsap [cnv Fm Ifpw sNpp. Ah
Xs hnjbhmk\Ifpw A]m\mZn kpJ sfbpw
A\p`hnv Pm{KZh bn kwXr ]vX\mIpp.
13. kz]vt\ k Pohx kpJ ZpxJ t`mm I
kambbmIev]nXPohtemtI I
kpjp]vXnImte kIte hneot\ I
Xtam f `n`qXx kpJcq]taXn II
AtX a\pjy kzambmIev ]nX temIn imcocn
IkpJZpxJf \p`hnpp. kpjp]v Xn bn ambm{]]
hn c Xn bn Xtam KpW ]cmPn X \mbn kpJ a \p`
hnpp.
14. ]p\ PmcItbmKmXv I
k Gh Poh kz]nXn {]_px I
]pc{Xtb PohXn b Pohx I
XkvXp PmXw kIew hnNn{Xw I
B[mcam\ aJt_m[w I
bkv an ebw bmXn ]pc{Xbw N II
]ns Pmc ItbmKm Ah kpjp]v Xn
bn \nv kz]v\w Pm{KZhIfnsepp. kqv a
qeImcWm Iamb aqp icoc fnepw Poh B\
a\p`hnpp. ambm{]]ns Dhw AXn
\npamWv . {Xnhn[ icoc \inptm Poh ambm
{]]n \npw ap\mbn AJamb B\w
A\p`hnpp.
15. GXkvambtX {]mtWm I
a\x kth{nbmWn N I
Jw hmbptPymXn cm]x I
]rYnho hnizky[mcnWo II
I K
N P
425
{]mW\pw a\pw Fm C {nbfpw CXn \np
Dhnpp. AXn \npw krnsSp ]rYzn
bmWv BImiw, hmbp, An, Pew Fnhbpw khN
cmNc sfbpw [cnp Xv.
16. bXv]cw {_ khmm I
hnizkymbX\w alXv I
kqvamXv kqvaXcw \nXyw I
Xztah Xztah XXv II
GXp ]c {_amtWm Hcn epw \inmXv Bsc
kqv amXn kqva b { pw ImWm\mIpntbm.
GXv Fmn\pw B[mc amtWm GXv kh`qX fpsSbpw
BmhmtWm AXp XsbmWv \o, AXp Xs bmWv \o.
17. Pm{KXv kz]v\kpjp]vXyZn I
{]]w bXv {]ImitX I
XZv {_mlanXn mXzm I
kh _ssx {]apNytX II
Pm{KXv kz]v\w kpjp]vXn Fo aqv AhI
fnepw Poh ImWp Cu ambmab {]]w Rm Xs
bmsWpw {_ kzcq]w Xs bmsWpw a\nemp
tm AXv kh hn[ _\ fn \npw apam
pp.
18. {Xnjp [makp bZv t`mKyw I
t`mm t`mK bZv `thXv I
tXt`ym hneWx kmo I
Nnt{Xm f lw kZminhx
Rm XsbmWv aqv Ah Ifnepw t`mKt`mKy
t`mr cq]n ImWs SpXpw, kZm inh\pw ssNX
\yap\pw hneWkmncq]\pw. khhpw P\nv
Pohnv acn p {_ kz cq]w Xs bmWv.
19. ath kIew PmXw I
abn khw {]XnjvTnXw I
abn khebw bmXn I
XZv {_MvamZzbakvarlw II
Fmw Fn P\n p. Fmw Fn {]Xn jv Tn X am
bn cnpp. Fmw Ahkm\w Fn ]ebw {]m]np
p. As\ bp AZzb {_ amWv Rm.
20. AtWmc Wobm\htah XZzXv I
alm\lwhnizalw hnNn{Xw I
]pcmXt\m f lw ]pcptjm f laotim I
lnctbm f lw inhcq]akvan II
Rm AWphnepw AWphpw alnepw alp
amWv. hnNn{Xamb Cu {]]w Fs kzcq]w Xs.
Rm Xs bmWv ]cmmhpw hncmSv ]pcpj\pw.
21. A]mWn]mtZm f laNnyinx I
]iymay f Npx k irtWmXyIx I
Alw hnPm\man hnhncqt]m I
\ NmkvXn thm aaNnXv kZmlw II
22. thssZct\ssIcltah thtZym I
thZmIrXv thZhntZh Nmlw I
\ ]pWy]mt] aa \mkvXn \mtim I
\ P tZtl{nb _pn ckvXn II
23. \ `qancmt]m \N hnckvXn I
\ Nm\ntem ta f kvXn \ Nmw_cw N I
Ghw hnZnXzm ]camcq]w I
Kplmibw \njvIfaZznXobw II
24. kakv X kmnw kZkZznlo\w I
{]bmXn ipw ]camcq]w II
ssIImepIfn mXpw ANny inbpw Bb ]c
{_w Rm Xs. Nnzcq]\mb Fs Bpw Adn
bm\pw a\ n emm\pamhn. _pn IqSmsX kIeXpadn
bm, qeI enmsX Fmw tIm, t\{X an
msX khw ImWm F\nv Ignhpv . Rm Xs
thZw D]tZin pp. Rm Xs thZw krn p. kh
thZfpw Fs kv XpXnpp. Rm P \mi
XoX\mWv . Fs ]m]]pWy kv]inpn. Rm
icocat\m_pnIXoX\mWv. F\nv `qantbm Petam
Antbm hmbpthm BImitam Hpan. Cs\ ambm
ab {]] XoX \mbn khkmn bmbn AZzn Xo
b ambn IcNcWc ln Xambn _pnbpsS tImWnep ]c
am kzcq]adnbph\v am{Xta ipamb Fs ]cam
kz cq] kmmXvImcw knnpIbpq.
25. bx iXcq{Znba[otX kx An]qtXm `hXn,
k hmbp]qtXm `hXn, k B]qtXm `hXn, k
kpcm ]m \mXv ]qtXm `h Xn, k {_ l XymXv
]qtXm `hXn, k kph kvtXbmXv ]qtXm `h
Xn, k IrXymIrXymXv ]qtXm `hXn, XkvamZhnap
am{intXm `hXn, AXym{iao khZm kIrZzm
Pt]Xv
bmsXmcph iXcp{Znbw A[yb\w sNptm
Ah An, hmbp, Pew, Bmhv Fnhsb tmse
]cnip\mbn ocpp. aZy]m\ alm]m]n \nv
ap \mIpp, {_l Xym]m]n \np kz ]lc
W]m]n \npw ap\mIpp, Ah Fm ip`m
ip`I fn \npw ]cnip \mIpp. `Khm kZm
inhs Ir]v ]m{XamIpp. AXpsImv D cn s
I K
N P
426
Poh A]ca X]kznIsftmse Ftmgptam Hcp {]mh
iytam A[yb\w sN Ww.
26. At\\ m\am]vt\mXn I
kwkmcmh \mi\w I
XkvamtZhw hnZnssXz\w I
ssIheyw ^eaiv\ptX II
AXpsImv am{Xta kwkmckmKcs XcWw
sNm km[np m\w t\Sm Ign bq. As\
bp Adnhp e`n m tam^ew knn pp.
ssIhteym]\njv kam]np.
Q
imn a{w
Hmw. kl\mhhXp. kl\u `p\px kl
hocyw Ichmhssl. tXPkzn\mh [oXakvXp. am
hnZznjmhssl. Hmw imnx imnx imnx
]c{_w Kpcpinjymcmb R cpt]scbpw
Hcpanv cns. Hcpanv R- PohnXw A\p`hn
s. Hcpanv R apt-ds. R-fpsS hnZybpw
_pnbpw tXtPmab-amIs. R Hcmsfbpw tZzjn
m\nShcmXncns. Hmw. imnx imnx imnx
1. pcnImw kw{]- hyman [mcWmw
tbmK- kntb
bmw {]m]y \ ]p\P tbmK- apky
\ Pmb-tX.
tbmK-knnmbn [mcWm]qcamb qcnIsb AXm
bXv Insb Rm\nhnsS hnhcnpp. AXv a\nem
nbm tbmK-ap\mbnp-h\v ]p\Pw DmhpI
bn.
2. thZXXzm hnlnXw btYmw l
kzbw`qhm
\nxi_vZw tZkammb X{Xmk\kah-nXx
3. Iqtm vKm\oh kwlrXy at\m lrZn
\ncp[y N
am{Xm ZzmZi- tbmtK\ {]W-th\ iss\x iss\x
4. ]qctbXv khamm\w khZzmcw \ncpy N
DtcmapJISn{Kohw InnXv lrZb-apXw.
\n_vZamb \n DNnXamb B knen
cpv Ba ssI, Im, XeI Dntebv v henp-
pcptIm]\njv
1
3
Xpt]mse a\v _mtly-{nb--fn \nv hymhn
nWw. AXn\ptijw kmh[m\n ]{p am{X
tN {]W-hm {_mhn\m \ntins-np
hn[w \hZzmc- sfbpw \nb{nv {]mWmbmaw sNWw.
amhnSw apJw \sv Igpv lrZbw Ch Db nXn
bnembncnWw.
5. {]mWm kRvPmctbXv Xkvan \mkm`y- c
NmcnWx
`qXzm X{Xmb-X{]mWx iss\cpzmk
apm-tkXv
]ns aqn\Iv Nenp {]mWs\ lrZb-
n [cnWw. Cs\ Ipw`Iw \nhlnv kmh[m
\n tcNIw sNWw.
6. ncamb ZrVw IrXzm AwKpjvtT\ kamlnXx
tZz Kpt^ {]IphoX PwtL ssNh
{Xb- kv{Xbx
7. Pm\p\o XtYmcq`ymw tZz\ KptZ\ inivt\\
{XXb-kv{Xbx
hmtbmcmb- X\w X{X \m`ntZti\ kam{itbXv
Cs\ Cu A`ymkw n chp w ZrV- hp -
amnoXn\ptijw hfsc {itbmsS Imense
s]cphnc apX cp IW- mentepw cv Imap
nepw D]w aeZzmcw ChnsSbpw aqp {]mWmbmaw sN
Ww. ]ns hmbphns m\w \m`n{]-tZi- amWw.
8. X{X\\mUo kpjpav\m Xp \mUn`nZi- `n
hrXm
X{X\cm N ]oXm N IrjvWm Xm{am
hntemlnXm
I K
N P
427
AhnsS kpjpav\ F \mUnbpv. AXv ]e \mUn
Ifpw tN-XmWv. Ahbn ]eXpw kqv afpw
Npapw apw Idppw sNp\nd- nepw apw D-
XmWv .
9. AXnkqvaw N Xo N ipm \mUo\
kam{i-tbXv
X{X kmctbXv {]mW Du\m
`ohXp\m
Ch-bn Ghpw kqvahpw t\Xpw shfp
Xpw Bb-hsb B{i-bnWw. FpImen Xs he
bneqsS btYjv Sw k-cnp- Xpt]mse tbmKn Cu
\mUnIfneqsS {]mWs\ k-cnnWw.
10. XtXm\ctmev]m`mk lrZbmb-X\w\alXv
Zlcw ]pWvUcoIw XXv\thZmtjy-
\n- K- ZytX
AXn\ptijw thZm- n Zlc]pWv UcoIsap
]d- bp lrZb-ns Npa Xmacqhpt]mse {]Im
inp B m\aptm.
11,12,13,14,15 XZv ZnXzm IWv T- am- bmXn Xmw
\mUow ]qctb-ZnXn a\kkvXp ]cwKplyw kpXo-
Ww _pn- \new ]mZ- tkym- ]cn bma
X{Zq]w \ma NntbXv at\m [mtcW Xnt-W\
tbmK- am{inXy \nXyix C{ h{PanXn t{]mw
aaPw Lm\pIr\w XXv [ym\- _-e- tbm- tK\
[mc- W- `n \n - Ir - - tbXv Duthma[yw Xp
kwm]y aa- {]m- W- hn- tam- N\w NXp- c- `yky
tbmtK\ OntZ\`ninXx XXx IWvTmtc
tbmKo kaqtl \mUn- k- Wytb GtIm- cw
\mUniXw Xmkmw at[y hcm kvarXm
11,12..... AXns\ t`Znv hmbp B \mUnsb \ndv
IWv Tnsepp. AXn\m tbmKnv _pn]cambn
\nehpw AXn Xov W- hpamb a\mIp Insb
Spp Imens apIfn a[y`mKv \nesImp \maw,
cq]w Ch apdnv Ifb-Ww. A-s\bp Xov W- a\
n\m \nXyhpw tbmKw A`y-knWw.
13. ]noSv C{h{Pw Fp t]cpXpw IW-menepXp
amb m\s [ym\tbmK- nsbpw [mcWbpsSbpw
_em apdn-Ww.
14. ]ns cp XpSIfpsSbpw \Spv {]mWs\ m]nv
AXns\ a`mK- n sImmWw. \mep{]mhiyw
tbmKm`ymkw sNbvXv isbt\y a`mKw apdnWw.
15. ]ns tbmKn IWvTns Dn \mUnIsf GIo-
Icnpp. AhnsS \qnsbmv \mUnIfpv.
16. kpjpav\ Xp ]tc eo\m hncPm {_cq]nWn
CUm XnjvTXn hmta\ ]nwKem ZntW\ Xp
17. Xtbmat[y ]cw m\w bkvXn thZ k
thZhnXv
Zzmk]n kl{kmWn {]Xn\mUo- jvT\
tXXx Xnew
18. OnZytX [ym\tbmtK\ kpjpavss\
Im-\OnZytX
tbmK- \nae [mtcW ptcWme hNkm
19. OtmUo- iXw [ocx {]`hmZnl P\n
PmXn]pjv]-kam tbmKo\ bZm hiyXn ssXXew
20. Ghw ip`mkpss``mhw km \mUoXmw
hn`mh-tbXv
XZv`m-hnXm {]]-Zyt ]p\P-hnhPnXmx
16. kpjpav\ ]cXXzn ebnXmWv. hncP{_-am
Ipp. CU CSp hincnpp. ]nwKf heXphi
mWv .
17. Cu cp \mUnIfpsSbpw \Spv D Da m\w
a\nemWw. AXv a\nemnb- h thZ-\mWv.
\mUnIsfmw IqSn Fgp]- ncmbncapv. ssXXne
samW- Xns t]cv. 18, 19. [ym\tbmK- m kIe\m
UnIfpw tOZns- Spp. kpjpav\ am{Xw tOZnm
km[y-a. hoc]pcpj\v Cu P-n Xs Bm
hns {]`mhm Ansbtmse tXPkznbmbpw tbmK
inbmIp Inbm kIe\mUnIsfbpw tOZnm
Ignhp- h\mbpw Xocmw. ]nIqhns\tmse tbmKnv
Ftmgpw ssXXnew ImWm Ignbpw 20. Cs\ ip`m
ip``mhtmsS kpjpav \\mUnsb [ym\nWw. AXn
\na\mb- h\v ]p\Pan. {_{]m]v XnbpapmIpw.
21. Xtbm hnPnX NnkvXp \n_vZw
tZiam nXx
\nxkwK- zkwK- tbmKtm \nct]x
iss\x iss\x
22. ]mim OnXzm bYm lwtkm \nhni
JapXv {ItaXv
On- ]mi- kvXYmPohx kwkmcw XctX kZm
23. bYm \nhmW Imte Xp Zot]m ZKv[zm ebw
{]tPXv
XYm \khmWn\IamWn\ tbmKo
ZKv[zm\ ebw {htPXv
24. {]mWmbmakp Xn- tW\ am{Xm [mcW
tbmK-hnXv
sshcmtKym]- eLrjvtS\ OnXzm Xpw
_[ytX
I K
N P
428
25. AarXXzw\ kam]vt\mXn\bZm ImamXv
{]apNytX
kthjWm hn\napOnXzm Xw\vXpw
_[y-tXCXyp]- \n-jXv
21. X]- n\m bmsXmcm Nns Pbnp, Abm
i_v ZclnXamb GIm {]tZiv Ccpv \nwK- \mbn
tbmKw A`y- knWw. ]XpsXps \nct]- -\pam
bno-cWw.
22. lwkw Fs\ iMy- sbt\y BImi- n ]d- p
p, AXpt]mse Cu A`ym- km Fm _\fpw
apdnv _\ap\mbn kwkmcw XcWw sNm\pw
km[npw.
23. hnfp sIp Ignbptm AXnse Fbpw In
\inpp. AXpt]mse Imcy-sfmw \nhlnp Ign
bptm hyn{_-n hnebw {]m]npp.
24. {]mWmbman XovWambno Hmmccq]amb
hmbvebm sshcmKyamIp In Dcv aq Iqnb
a\n\m
kwkmcamIp kq{Xw apdnv tbmKthmhmb a\p
jy\v ]noSv _\n s]Sm\nShcm Ah
bp- m- Ip- p.
25. Ftm Ah Ima\Ifn \nv ap\mIpp.
Gj-WmclnX\mIpp. Ftm AarXXzw {]m]np
p. Cs\ kwkmcs tOZnv Abm _\cln
X\mIpp. ImaclnX\ambn `hnpp.
pcntIm]-\njv kam]np.
Q
KW]Xyp]\njv
1
3
imn]mTw
Hmw. `{Zw It`nx irWpbmatZhm `{Zw
]iyam`ncyP{Xmx nssccwssKx kvXpjvSp
hmw kkv X\q`n hytia tZhlnXw bZmbpx
kz kv Xn \ Ct{ m hr { ihmx kz kv Xn \x
]qjmhnizthZmx kzkvXn\kvXmtym Acnjv S
t\anx kzkv Xnt\m_rlkv]XnZ[mXp.
Hmw imnx imnx imnx
tZhmsc, R ImXpIfm ip`w {ihnpamdm
Is. IpI sImv awKf Zins. _enjvTfmb
AwKfm \nsf kv XpXnm\nShcs. As\
tZhm Rv \nbnnpff Bbpp apgph\pw
R A\p`hns. Ionam\mb C{ Rv
awKfacpfs khPv R\mb ]qj Rfv awKfw
{]Zm\w sNs. A{]Xntcm[yKXnbmb KcpU R-
v awKfw Xcs. _rlkv ]Xn Rv \ssI
hcps.
Hmw imnx imnx imnx
1. lcn Hmw \akv tX KW]Xmtb Xz tah
{]Xyw Xzakn. Xztah tIhew Imkn.
Xztah tIhew [mkn . Xz tah tIhew
lmkn. Xztah khw JeznZw {_mkn. Xzw
kmm Zmmkn. \nXyw EXw, hNv an, kXyw,
hNvan.
lcn Hmw `Khm KW]Xnv \akvImcw. ApX
sbmWv Imhpw [mhpw Imhpw ApXs
bmWv \nXy\pw B kzcq]\pw Rm EXw ]dbpp.
2. Ah Xzw amw, Ah hmcw Ah t{imXmcw.
AhZmXmcw, Ah[mXmcw, Ahm\pNm\ahin
jyw, Ah ]mmXv , Ah ]pckvXmXv , Ah
tNmcm\mXv , Ah Zn WmmXv Ah
tNm[zmmXv, Ahm[cmmXv, khtXm amw
]mln, ]mln kamXv.
Av Fs cnmepw hmhns\ cnmepw
t{imXmhns\ ZmXmhns\bpw [mXphns\bpw A\qNm\
s\bpw injys\bpw cnmepw ]na `mKp\npw
]qh`mKp\npw Dc `mKp\npw Fs
cnpI. apIfn \npw Xmsg\npw Fs cn
pI. Fm `mKp\npw Fs cnpI.
I K
N P
429
3. Xzw hmMvabkvXzw Nnbx Xzam\abkvXzw
{_abx Xzw knZm\mZznXotbm f kn Xzw
{]Xyw {_mko. Xzw m\atbm hnm\
atbm fkn.
Av hmMvab\pw Nnb\pw B\ab\pw BWv.
Av {_abhpw knZm\kzcq]hpw GI\pw AZzn
Xob\pamWv . ApXsbmWv m\hnm\ab\pw
{]Xyamb {_hpw.
4. khw PKZnZw Xztm PmbtX khw
PKZnZw XzkvXnjvTXn. kw CKZnZw Xzbn
{]tXyXnx Xzw `qancmt]f\temf\ntem \`xXzyp
NXzmcn hmIv ]Zm\nx Xzw KpW{XbmXoXx Xzw
Ime{ XbmXoXx Xz w tZl{ XbmXoXx Xz w
aq em[mcn tXm fkn \n Xyw. Xz win -
{XbmIx Xzx tbmKnt\m[ymbn \nXyw Xzw
{_m, Xzw hnjv Wpkv Xzw cp{Zkv Xan{kv Xa
nkv Xzw hmbpkv Xzw kqcykvXzw N{amkv Xzw.
{_`q`qhkphtcmw.
Cu PKtmmw An \npmIpp. temI
samw An nXn sNpp. Cu temIw An
hnebw {]m]npp. kIetemIhpw ApXs Ap
]rYnbpw, Pehpw, Anbpw, hmbphpw, BImihpw
BWv. \mep hmIv ]Zfpw AmWv. Av KpW{Xbm
XoX\mWv ; Ime{XbmXoX\mWv; Ime{XbmXoX\mWv .
tZl{XbmXoX\mWv Fpw Av aqem[mcnX\mbn
`hnpp. Av in{XbmI\mWv .tbmKnI \nXyw
Asb [ym\npp. Av {_mhpw, hnjvWphpw,
cp{Z\pw, C{\pw, Anbpw, hmbphpw, kqcy\pw,
N{\pamWv. `px`phx kzx cq]nepff app temIhpw
Hmmckzcq]amb ]c{_hpw AmIpp.
5. KWmZnw ]qh apmcy hmZnw XZ\cw
A\pkzmcNx ]cXc AtpeknXw XYm
XmtcWbptaXtZh a\pkzcq]w.
BZy "K' Fpcnv "A' FpcnWw. AXn\p
tijw A\pkzmcw DcnWw. C{]Imcw A\pkzmc
m AewIrXamb "Kw' XsbmWv AbpsS _oPa
{kzcq]w. Fsm AN{ cq]n Hmw Imcw
AhcpamWtm.
6. KImcx ]q hcq ]w AImtcma[yacq ]w
A\pkzmcmycq]w _npcpccq]w. \mZx
km\w kwlnXm knx sskjm KtWio
hnZym KWI Ejnx \nNrZvKmb{XoOx {ioalm
KW]Xn tZhXm Hmw KwKW]Xmtb \a GI
Zmb hnZvatl h{IXpWvUmb [oaln. Xtm
Zo {]tNmZbmXv.
KImcw ]qhcq]hpw AImcw a[yacq]hpw A\p
kzmcw Aycq]hpw _np Dccq]hpamIpp. \mZw
km\hpw kwlnX knbpamIpp. CXmWv KtWi
hnZyp. CXns Ejn KWI\pw Ov \nNrZvKmb{Xnbpw
tZhX almKW]XnbpamWv . Hmw KW]Xmtb \a
GIZmb hnZvatl h{IXpWv Us\ R [ym\n
pp. KPm\\ \apv t{]cWbm \Is CXmWv
KtWi Kmb{Xn.
7. GIZw NXplkvXw ]miapi [mcnWw
A`bw hcZw lkv ssX _n{ZmWw
aqjI [zPw
8. cw ewt_mZcw iqkpIw
chm kkw
cKm\pen]v XmwKwc]pjv ss]x
kp]qPnXw
`m\pIn\w tZhw PKXv ImcWaNypXw
Bhn`qXw N krjvSymZu {]IrtXx
]pcpjmXv]cw
Ghw [ymbXn tbm \nXyw k tbmKotbm
Kn\mw hc.
GIZ\pw, NXplkv X\p, ]mimpi[mcnbpw,
lkvXfn A`bhcap{Z [cnh\pw, ewt_mZc\pw,
ch\pw, aqjI [zPapdw t]mse henb sNhnbp
ffh\pw, cmw_c[mcnbpw, cN\w ]qinbh\pw,
c]pjv ]fm AewIrX\pw, `m\pInbpw,
hnizn\v ImcW`qX\pw, \miclnX\pw krjvSns.
Bcw`n Xs Dmbh\pw {]IrXn]pcpjmXoX\pw
Bb {ioKtWis\ \nXyw Nnnp tbmKn khtbm
KnIfnepw shv t{ijvT\mbnocpp.
10. Xtam hmX]Xtb \tam KW]Xtb \tam
KW]Xtb \ax
{]Ya]Xtb \akvtXkv Xp
ewt_m Zcm ssbIZmb hnLv\ hn\mint\
inhkpXmb {iohcZaqtb \tam \ax
hmX]Xnv \akvImcw KW]Xnv \akv Imcw
{]Ya ]Xnv \akv Imcw. ewt_mZc\v \akvImcw
GIZv \akv Imcw hcZaq n bmb KtWi\v
\akv Imcw. inh]p{X\v \akv Imcw. hcZaqnv
\akvImcw.
11. GXZYhintcm tbm [otX k {_`qbmb
Iev ]tX. kkh hn Lv ss\. \ _m[ytX
kkhXx kpJta[tX k]alm ]mXtIm]
]mXImXv {]apNytX. kmba[obmt\m cm{Xn
IrXw ]m]w \miXn. kmbw {]mXx {]bpRv Pmt\,
A]mt]m `hXn. [m Imatamw N hnXn.
I K
N P
430
AYh incmWnXv. CXv A[ymb\w sNph
{_ {]m]vXnv A[nImcnbmIpp.Ah\v bmsXmcp
hn[ambn hnLv\hpw _m[Ia. Ah kh{X kpJn
bmIpp. ]alm]mXIfn \npw D]]mXI
fn \npw Ah ap\mIpp. sshInv CXv A[yb
\w sNbv Xm ]Ies ]m]w Xocpw. {]`mXn
sNmnbm cm{Xn sNbvX ]m]w \inpw {]`mXnepw
kypw P]nm ]m] clnX\mIpw CXp sNmp
hp [mImatam \mepw e`npp.
12. CZ aYhiojainjymb \ tZbw tbm bZn
tamlmXv ZmkyXn kx]m]obm `hXnx
injy\mh\v Cu AYhintcm a{w Zm\w
sNcpXv. Da injyt\ sImSpmhq. tamlmthi
m As\ sNph ]m]nbmbnocpp.
13. kl{kmh\mZyw bw Imaa[otX Xw
Xat\\ km[tbXv At\\ KW]Xna`njnXn
k hmo `hXn, NXpyma\iv\ P]Xn k
hnZymhm `hXn. CXyYyma\iv\ P]Xn
k hn Zymhm `hXn . CXyYhWhmIyw
{_mZym NcWw hnZymXv. \ _nt`Xn IZmNt\.
tbmZqhmpsscbPXn kssh{ihtWm]tam
`hXn. tbmemssPbPXn k btimhm `hXn.
kta[mhm `hXn. tbm tamZI kl t{kW
bPXn khmn XX ^ehmhm]v t\mXn bx
kmPykan Zv `n bPXn kkhwe`tX. khw
e`tX Ajv T\ {_mW karKv {KmlbnXzm
kqcyhkzn `hXn kqcy{KtlW alm\Zymw
{]Xnam kn[u hm P]v Xzmknat{ `hXnx
almtZmjXv {]apNytX. khhnZv `hXn. kk
hhnZv `hXn. bGhwthtZXy]\njXv. lcn Hmw
XXv kXv.
Bbncw Dcp Cu a{w P]np ]w kIe
B{Klfpw km[npp. Cu a{m KW]Xnv
A`ntjIw sNbv Xm Ah hmnbmIpw, NXpo
Zn hkw D]khkn v Cu a{ w P]n p h
]Wv UnX\mIpsav AYhWap\n ]dbpp. Cu a{w
P]nv X]v sNbvXm Ah\v `bapmIn. IdpI
sImv CXp]tbmKnv KW]Xnv bw sNph
Ipt_cs\mw [\hm\mIpw emsImv bmKw
sNbvXm bikznbmIpw. Bbncw tamZIw sImv tlmaw
\Snbm B{Kln Imcyw km[npw. s\pw
NaXbpw sImmbm kIeknnbpw DmIpw Fp
{_mWsc Cu a{w bYmh[n ]Tnnm Ah
kqcyXpeyw tXPkznbmcpw. kqcy{KlW Ln
GsXnepw alm\ZnbpsStbm, hn{Klnstbm
ASpncpv Cu a{w P]nm a{knn ssIh
cp p . Cs\ A\p jv Tn p km[I Fm
hn Lv \fn \n p w hnap\mIpp. Cs\
Adnbph khPvR\mIpp. Cs\ D]\njv .
KW]tXym]\njv kam]np.
Q
KcptUm]\njv
1
3
imn ]mTw
Hmw. `{Zw It`nx irW-bma tZhm `{Zw]-
tiy- am- - `ncy P{Xmx nssc- cw- ssKkv Xp
jvSphmwk kvX\q`nhy-tia tZhlnXw bZmbpx
kzkvXn \ Ct{m hr{ihmx kzkvXn \x ]qjm
hnizthZmx kzkvXn\kvXmtym Acn-jvSt\anx
kzkvXnt\m _rlkv]-XnZ [mXp. Hmw. imnx
imnx imnx
tZhmsc, R ImXpIsImv ip`w tIp
amdmItW. IpI sImv awK- famb-XpImWphm\nS
hctW. _enjvT-fmb AwK- sImv \nsf
kv XpXnp sImv tZhm Rv \nbnnp
Bbpv A\p`hnm\nSbmItW. AXnIonam\mb
C{ Rv \ sNtW. kh- \mb ]pjmhv
Rv \ sN- tW. kh- - \mb ]pjmhv
Rv \ sN- tW. kh- - \mb ]pjmhv
Rv awK-facpftW. A{]-Xntcm[K-Xnbmb KcpU
Rv awKfw {]Zm\w sN- tW. Hmw. imnx imnx
imnx
I K
N P
431
1. lcn Hmw. KcpU{_ hnZymw {]hyman. bmw|
{_m hnZymw \mcZmb t{]mhmN. \mctZm |
_rl- Zvtk\mb _rlZv tk\x C{mb Ct{m
`cZzmPmb `cZzmtPm PohXvImta`yx intjy `yx
{]mb-Xv!! Akymw {io almKcpU {_hn
Zymbmx {_m Ejnx Kmb{Xo O {io`Khm |
almKcptUm tZhXm. {io almKcpU
{]nXyt |
aa kIe hnj-hn\mi\mt Pt] hn\ntbmKx
Hmw \tam `K-htX AwKpjvTm`ymw \ax |
{io alm KcpUmb X\o`ymw kzmlw
]o-{mb |
a[y- amw`ymw hjvSv, {io hnjvWp h`mb
A\man Im`ymw |
lpw, ss{XtemIy]cn]qPnXmb I\njvTnIm`ymw|
hujvSv . D{K-`b-cImem\ecq]mb IcXeIc |
]rjvTm`ymw^-Sv. Ghw lrZbmZn\ymkx |
Zp`phkztcm anXn ZnKv_x
lcn Hmw. KcpUs\ kw_-np {_ hnZy
]d- bmw. Cu hnZy {_mhv \mcZ\pw, \mcZ _rlXv
tk\\pw, _rlXv tk\ C{\pw, C{ `cZzmP\pw,
`cZzmP PohXvImaminjympw D]-tZinp sImSp
p. Cu almK- cpU {_ hnZy-bpsS Ejn {_mhpw
Ov Kmb-{XnbpamIpp. tZhX {io`Khm almK- cp
U, KcpUs\ {]oXnpXn\v Fs kIe hn[ hni
\min\mbpw P]nm\pw hn\ntbmKnpp.
Xmsg FgpXnbnp a{ sImp AwK-\ym
k\w sNWw.
Hmw \tam `K-htX ........ AwKpjvTmb \ax
{ioalmKcpUmb ............. XP\o`ymw kzmlm.
]o{m ............ a[y- am`ymw hj-Sv.
{iohnjvWph`mb ....... A\man-Im`ymwlpw.
ss{XtemIy]cn]qPnXmb .... I\njvTnIm`ymw
huj-Sv .
D{K-`b-c Imem\e cq]mbx .......... IcXe Ic
]rjvTm`ymw ^Sv
CtX {]Imcw lrZbw incv inJ IhNw t\{Xw
Fnhbm \ymkw sNbvXv hujSv sN-Ww. `q`q-h
kztcmw sImv ZnKv_- \hpw sN- Ww.
[ym\w
1. kzkvXntIm ZnWw ]mZw hma ]mZw Xp
IpnXw |
{]mRvPeo- IrXtZmbpw KcpUw lcn h`w
2. A\tm hma IStIm b-kq{Xw Xp
hmkpInx |
XIx ISnkq{X Xp lmcx ImtmS DNytX
3. ]Zvtam ZnW It Xp alm]ZkvXp
hmatI |
iwJx incx {]tZiXp KpfnIkvXp `pPmtc
4. {]uUImfnI\mKm`ymw Nmacm`yw kpho- PnXw|
Gem]pXvI\mKmssZyx tkhy am\w apZm\znXw
5. I]nemw Kpcpw kph kZri {]`w |
ZoL- _mlpw _rlXv kvIw \m`mcW
`qjnXw
6. BPm\pXx kphm`amIWvtTm kvXpln\x
{]Zw |
IppamcpW amIWvTw iXN{\n`m\\w
7. \oem{K- \mknIm ]{w kapl- mcp
IpWv Uew |
ZwjvSmIcmf-hZ\w Inco-SaIptSmzew
8. IppamcpW khmwKw Itp[hfm\w |
hnjvWphml\ akvXp`yw taw Ipcp kZmaa
apIfn sImSp [ym\tmI KcpUs\ [ym\n
psImv {itbmsS sNmtXmWv .
9. Ghw [ymtbXv {Xnkymkp KcpUw
\mK-`qjWw |
hnjw \mibtX io{Lw Xpecminan-hm\ex
Cs\ aqp kyIfnepw KW `qj-W- \mb Kcp
Us\ [ym\npI. An]-ns-ns\sb t]mse
AXv kh hnj--tfbpw iannpw.
a{w
Hmw \tam `KhtX {ioalmK- cpUmb ]o-
{mb hnjvWph`mb ss{XtemIy]cn]qPnXmb
D{ K- `- b- c Imem- \- e- cq - ]mb h{ P- \- Jmb
h{PXpWvUmb, h{PZmb, h{PZw-jv{Smb, h{P
]p- m- b, h{P- ]- m- e- n- X- i- co- cmb Hmao- tI-
tlyln {ioa lmKcpUm {]Xnimk\mkvanmhn
i. hniZpjvSm\mw hnjw Zqjb Zqjb kv]rjvSm
\mw. \mib \mib, Z iq Imw hnjw Xmcb
Xmcb. {]eo\w hnjw {]Wmib, {]Wmi- b, kh
hnjw \mibm, \mibm, l\, l\, Zl Zl, ]N
]N `kvao-Ipcp `kvao-Ipcp, lpw ^Sv, kzmlm. N{
aWvUekmM- Imi, kqcyaWvUe apjvSnI ]rYzo
aWv Ue ip{`mwK {ioa-lmK-cpUmb hnjw lc
lc lpw ^Sv kzmlm, Hmw n]-kzmlm Hmw. kN
cXn kNcXn XXvImcn aXvImcn hnjmWmw {]hn
j-cq]nWn hnj-ZqjnWn hnjtimjnWn, hnj-\m
I K
N P
432
in\n, hnj-lmcnWn, lXw hnjw \j-ASw hnj-
ax {]eo\w hnjw {]\jvTw hnjw lXw tX
{_Wm hnjw lXan{ky ht{ZW kzmlm.
Hmw \tam `K-htX almK-cp-Um-b. hnjvWp
hml- \mb ss{XtemIy ]cn]qPnXmb, h{P\J- h
{PXpWvUmb h{P]- mewIrX ico- cmb Gtjy-
ln, almKcpUhnjw Onn, nn, Bthibm
thib lpw ^Sv kzmlm. kp]tmkn KcpUm
{Xnhrt intcm- Km- b{Xw Np- kv tXma
Bm kmatX X\q hmatZhyw _rl- {ZYmtc
]u bmb-nbw ]pw, Omw-kymKm\n,
[mjvWnbm i^m bPpwjn \ma; kp]tm kn
KcpmZnhw, Kkphx ]X Hmaow, {_ hnZym
aamhmkybmw ]uW-amkym. ]ptcmhmN. kNcXn
kNcXn XXvImco aXvImco hnj-\min\o, hnj-Zq
jnWo, hnj-lmcnWo, lXw hnjw \jvSw hnjw
{]\jvSw hnjw lXan{ky ht{PW hnjw lXw
tX {_Wm hnj-an{ky ht{PW kzmlm.
XXkv{Xbw bZy- \ IZqtXm kn
bZnhm\ Ix |
kzbw kNcXn kNcXn XXv Imco- aXvImco |
hnj-\min\n hnj-ZqjnWo lXw hnjw \jvSw |
hnjw lXan{ky ht{PW hnjw lXw tX |
{_Wm hnj-an{ky ht{PW kzml
bZn hmkpIn ZqtXm kn bZn hm hmkpIx
kzbw |
kNcXn kNcXn XXvImco aXvImco
hnj- \m-in\n |
hnj-ZqjnWo lXw hnjw \jvSw hnjw lX
am{ky |
ht{PW hnjw lXw tX {_Wm hnj-an{ky
ht{PW kzmlm bZn hm XIx kzbw
kNcXn |
kNcXn XXvImco aXvImco hnj-\min\o hnj
ZqjnWn lXw hnjw \jvSw hnjw
lXan{ky |
ht{PW hnjw lXw {_Wm hnj-an{Zky
ht{PW kzmlm.
bZn ]ZvaI `qtXmkn bZn hm ]ZvaIx kzbw |
kNcXn kNcXn XXvImco aXvImco
hnj- \m-in\o |
hnj-`qjnWo lXw hnjw \jvSw hnjw |
lXan{ky ht{PW hnjw lXw tX
{_Wm |
hnjan-{ky ht{PW kzmlm.
bZnItmSIZptXm kn bZn hm
Itm-SIxkzbw
kNcXn kNcXn Xmco aXvImco hnj-\min\n
hnj-ZqWo lXw hnjw \jvSw hnjw
lXan{ky
hPvtdW hnjw lXw tX {_Wm hnj-an{ky
hPvtdW kzmlm.
bZn alm ]ZvaI `qtXm kn bZn hm
alm]ZvaIx kzbw |
k NcXn kNcXn XXvImco aXvImco
hnj- \m-in\o |
hnj-ZqjnWn lXw hnjw \jvSw hnjw |
lXan{ky ht{PW hnjw lXw tX
{_Wm |
hnj an{ky ht{PW kzmlm.
bZn iwJ- IZqtXmkn bZn hm iwJIx kzbw
k NcXn kNcXn XXvImco aXvImco
hnj- \m-in\o |
hnj-`qjnWo lXw hnjw \jvSw hnjw
lXan{ky ht{PW hnjw lXw tX
{_W hnj an{ky ht{PW kzmlm.
bZn KpfnI ZqtXmkn bZn hm KpfnIx kzbw |
kNcXn kNcXn XXvImco aXvImco
hnj \min\o |
hnj-`qjnWn hnj-lmcnWo lXw hnjw \jvSw
hnjw lXan{ky ht{PW hnjw lXw tX |
{_Wm hnj-an{ky ht{PW kzmlm.
bZn ]uWv{U ImenIZqtXmkn bZn hm
]uWv {U |
ImenIx kzbw kNcXn k NcXn XXvImco
aXvImco hnj-\min\o hnj-`qjnWn hnj
lmcnWo lXw |
hnjw \jvSw hnjw lXan{ky ht{PW hnjw|
lXw tX {_lvWm hnj an{ky ht{PW
kzmlm.
bZn \mKI ZqtXmkn bZn hm \mKIx kzbw |
kNcXn kNcXn XXvImcn aXvImcn hnj |
\min\o hnj-ZqjnWo hnj-lmcnWo lXw
hnjw |
\jvSw hnjw lXan{ky ht{PW hnjw lXw|
tX {_Wm hnj-an{ky ht{PW kzmlm.
bZn eqXm\mw {]eqXm\mw bZn hrnIm\mw bZn|
I K
N P
433
tLmS\m I\mw bZn mhc PwK-am\mw
kNcXn |
kNcXn XXvImcn aXvImco hnj-\min\o hnj
ZqjnWo lXw hnjw \jvSw ]nw |
lXan{ky ht{PW hnjw lXw tX
{_Wm |
lXan{tky ht{ZW kzmlm.
A\ hmkpIn XI ImtmSI ]ZvaI
alm]-Zva- I |
iwJI KpfnI ]uWv{UImenI \mKI
CtXjmw |
Znhym\mw alm\mKm\mw alm\mKmZn cq]mWmw|
hnjXpWvUm\mw hnj-Zm\mw hnj
Zwjv{SmWmw. hnjmwKm\mw hnj-]pm\mw hniz
Nm-cmWmw |
hrnIm\mw eqXm\mw aqjnIm\mw |
apjpImWmw Krl Kufn-Im\mw KrlKuWn
Im\mw Krltlm[nIm\mw {LW-km\mw |
Krl-KncnK-K-K-lzcImem-\e hevao-tImZv
`qXm\mw |
]m\mw ImjvSZmcp hr-tImSmcm\w
aqeXvKvZmcp \ncymk]{X ]pjv]-^- temZv `qXm\mw
ZpjvS IoS I]n-izm\ amZPmcPpw_pI hym{L
hcm- lmWmw Pcmbp PmWv Ux PmZv`n tkzZ-
Pm\mw ikv{X_mW kvt^mS{hW alm{hW-Xr
Xm\mw Ir{XnamW-amat\yjmw `qXthXmf Ipivam
WvU]nimN t{]X cmk b `b {]Zm\mw
hnj-XpWvU ZwjvSmWmw hnjmwKm\mw hnj-]p
m\mw hnjmWmw hnj- cq- ]nWo hnj- Zq- jnWn
hnjtimjnWo hnj-\min\o hnj-lmcnWo lXw
hnjw \jvSw hnjw Ax{]- eo\w hnjw {]\jvSw
hnjw lXw tX {_Wm hnj-an{ky ht{PW
kzmlm.
Fm {]Imcnep hnj- _m[bpw AIm\pX
Ip a{amWv apIfn sImSpnp-Xv. `ntbmsS
CXp P]nv sh- tamXn HgppItbm `kvaw P]nv AXv
]pcpItbm sNmw. efnXamIbm a{fpsS Aw
{]tXyIw FgpXpn.
b Camw {_ hnZymaamhm kzmbmw ]tSrWp|
bmZzm bmhohw \ lnwkn km.
AjvSu |
{_mWm {KbnXzm XrtW\ tamNtb-Xv. |
iXw {_mWm {KlbnXzm Npjm
tamNtb-Xv. |
kl{kw {_mWm {Kml- bnXzm a\km |
tamNtbXv km Pte \ ap- n XrtW \
apn |
Imtj-T\ apo XymK `K-hm {_tXyp
]\nj-Xv. lcn Hmw XXv kXv.
Cu {_ hnZysb Aamhmkn Znhkw A[y-b\w
sNp- hs\ PohnXw apgph\pw kw ISnpIbn.
Fp {_mWv D]-tZinm XrWw sImpw \qdp
{_mWsc ]Tnnm IpI sImpw Bbncw
{_mWsc ]Tnnm a\psImpw hnj- _m[b-I
phm km[npw.
KcptUm]-\njv kam]np.
Q
Hmw. kl\mhhXp. kl \u `p\p .
klhocyw Ichmhl. tXPkzn\mh[oXakvXp
am hnZznjmhssl. Hmw. imnx imnx imnx
]c{_w Rsf cpt]scbpw cns. AXv
R cpt]scbpw ]cn]mens. R cpt]cpw
IgnhpI t\Ss. RfpsS A[yb\w tXPkznbmIs.
Hmw imnx imnx imnx
Kt`m]\njv
1
3
Hmw. ]mIw ] ham\w
jUm{ibw jUvKpW tbmKbpw. tX k]vX
[mXpw {Xnanew Zzntbm\nw NXp hn[mlmcabw
icocw `hXn . ]mIkan Xn . Ikv amXv
]rYnhoIm B]xInw tXPx tIm hmbpxInam
ImianXy kvan ]mtI icotc X{X bXv
ITn\w km ]rYnho b{Zhw Xmx B]x b ZqjvWw
I K
N P
434
XtPx bXv kcXn k hmbpx bXv kpjnX
XZmImiw CXypNytX. A{X]rYnho [mctW
B]x ]nWvUoIctW tXPx {]Imit\ hmbp
hyqtl\ BImiahImi {]Zmt\. ]rYKv t{im{X
i_vtZm ]e_v [u XzIv kv]ti Npjo cqt]
Polzm ckt\ \mknIm {LmtW D] B\
t\ A]m\x DtK _p[ym _p[yXn a\km
kev ]bXn hmNm hZXn . jUm { iban Xn
IkvamXv a[pcm ehWXnISp Ijmb ckm
hnXoXn. jUv P Ej` Kmmc a[yw ]a
ss[hX \n jmZm tXojv Sm \n jv S iZz
kwmx {]Wn[m\m Zpihn[ `hn.
Cu icocw ]mIamIpp. Apw hm
am\fpw BdmatXv B{ibphpamWv . Bdp
KpW Ggp [mXp aqp tZmj cp tbm\n
I Ch tN icocw \mep Xcnepff BImcfm
]cn]pjv SamIpp. ]rYnhn, Pew, hmbp, BImiw,
tXP, Ch tNcpXn\m ]mIsap ]dbpp.
Chbn ITn\XXzamWv ]rYnhn; XcfXXzw Pew, DjvW-
ambXv, tXPv, kcnpXv hmbp, kpjncamXv
BImiw, Cu XXzfpsS kz`mhw ]dbmw. [cnpI
FXmWv ]rYnhnbpsS XXzw, HcnSmpIbmWv Pew
sNpXv ; {]Imiw \Ip tXPns [w;
]Zmsf AXmXp \nebn DdnpI, hmbphns
[w; CS\IpI BImins [hpw C{nb-
sf kw_nmsWn sNhn i_vZw {Klnpp;
sXmen i_v Zw A\p`qXampp; Iv ImWnpXcpp,
\mv kzmZdnbnp, aqv aWw \Ipp. KpZw
hnk\Iw sNpp. hmKn{nbw kw`mjWw
\Spp. a\v Nnnpp. _pn m\w {]Zm\w
sNpp.
a[p cw, Ibv ]v , Fcn hv , ]p fn , Dv , Cs\
Bdpck tZlw D]tbmKsSppp. jUvPw,
Ej`w, Kmmcw, a[yaw, ss[hXw, \njmZw, Cs\
Ggp kzc, Cjv Shpw, A\njvShpw {]Wn[mImchpw
tafnv i_vZ BIjIamIpp.
2. iptm cx IrjvtWm {Zqam {]oXx I]ne
]mmc CXn k]v X[mXpIan Xn Ikv amXv
bZmtZhZky { Zhy mZn ]n jbm PmbtX
]ckv]cw kuay KpWXzmXv jUznt[m ctkm
ckmtOWnX timWnXmmkw amwktt`m
taZkx kv \mbhx kv \mbp t`ym Ao\n
At`ymam amXx ip{ Iw ip{ Itim
Wn XkwtbmKm ZmhtX Kt`m lr Zn
hyhmw \bXn lrZtbcmn Anm t\
]nw ]nmt\ hmbp hmbptXm lrZbw
{]mPm]XymXv {IamXv
Ggp \ndfpv . shfpv, Npav , Idpv, a,
I]new, ]mpcw, {[qaw tZhZ Fp t]cpff
Hcph\v t`mKyhnjb e`npp. Ah\v Bdp
ck Bkz Zn m km[n p p . hn hn [
]Zmfm ckw DqXamIpp. ckn \nv
cw, cn \nv amwkw, amwkn \nv taZv,
taZn \nv kv \mbp, kv \mbphn \nv An,
Anbn \nv a, abn \nv ipw Ch
DmIpp. a\pjytZlw Cu Ggv [mXpfm
cq]wsImffp p. ]pcpjs iphpw kv {XobpsS
timWnXhpw tNv K`apmIpp. Cu [mXp
sfmw lrZbfmWv . Ah Xs Acmn
\nnpp. AnbpsS m\v ]nw \nesImffp
p. ]nns m\v hmbp, hmbphn\m lrZbw
{]hnsSpp.
3. EXpImte kw{]tbmKm tZIcmt{XmjnXw
_pZv _pZw `hXn A amkm`ytc ]ntm
`hXn amkm`ytc ITnt\m `hXn am\Zztb\
incx kZytX amk{XtbW ]mZ{]tZtim `hXn
AY NXpt am tk Kpev^ PTc ISn {]tZimx
`hn ]taamtk ]rjv Thwtim `hn jjvtT
amtk apJ\mkn Imn t{im{XmWn `hn
Ajv Sta amtk kheW kqtm `hXn
]nXqtctXmXntcImXv ]pcptjm amXq tctXmXn
iImXv kv {Xo D`tbm_oP XpeyXzm]pwk
tIm `hXn hymIpenXa\tkm AmJRv Pm
Ip _v Pm hma\m `hn At\ym\y hmbp
]cn]oUnX ip{I ssZzj[ym\p kymtXm
bpm {]Pmbt ]mIx kax ka
]mnIm tNXkm _pnKckmZnm
\mcmtaImcwNnbXo XnXtZXtZIm cw
mXzmjvSu {]rXm tjmUi hnImcm icotc
Xsskyh tZln\m AYam{XminX ]oX\mUokq
{XKtX\ {]mW B]ymbtX AY \hta amkn
kheWm\IcW kw]qtm `hXn
]qhPmXn kv acXn ip`m ip`w N I hnZn
EXp kabv DNnXamb coXnbn K`[m\w
\Sm ip timWnX Hcp cm{Xn sImv
IeeamIpp. Ggp cm{Xn sImv _pZv_pZamIpp.
]Xn\p Znhkw sImv ]nImcamIpw. Hcp amkw
XnIbptm ITn\ambnocpw cpamkw sImv
Xebpw aqpamkw sImv Imepw DmIpw. \men
appI hbdv Ac ChbpmIpp. An ]pjvTw
\sv, Bdn hmbv aqv , sNhn, IpI Ch Ggmw
amkn Pohkv]\tmsS ]pjv SnsSpp. Fn
]cn]q icocw cq]wsImffpp. ipns A[nI
Xbn kv {Xo{]PbpamIpp. cpw Xpeysan
\]pwkIamIpw. kwt`mKmhkcnse at\mhymIpeX
I K
N P
435
km\w Iq\t\m apSt\m _[nct\m BIm ImcW
amIpp. hmbphn\m ip timWnX t`ZnsSp
tm Ccbpw apw DmIpp. {ItaW ]t{nb
fpsS hnImkhpw {KlW inbpw iniphn\v e`npp.
{]Wh Nn\w km\ns DXnv ImcWambn
`hnpp. amXmhv Ignp `Wn \nv cq]w
sImv hfcp inip Xr]vXn \Im DXIpp. H]
Xmw amkn inip mt\{nbmZnI tNv
]qX {]m]npw. Atm AXn\v ]qh PkvacW-
bpmIppv . ip`mip`It_m[w iniphn\p
DmIppapv.
4. ]qhtbm\n kl{kmWn Zrjv Szm ssNhX
tXm abm Blmcm hnhn[ `pm ]oXm \m\mhn
[mx kvX\m PmXssh arXssh Phn[mx
kvX\mPmXssh P ssNh ]p\x ]p\x bbm
]cn P\kymt IrXw Atlm ZpxtJmZ[u
atm\ ]iyman {]Xn{Inbmw Im ip`mip`w
GImIo tX\ Zt]ymlw KXmkvtX ^e t`mKn\x
bZn tbm\ym {]aptNylw XXv {]]tZy atlizcw
XXv {]]tZy \mcmbWw Aip`b Imcmw
^e apn {]ZmbIw bZntbm\ym{]aptNylw XXv
kmwJyw tbmKa`ytk Aip` b Imcw
^eapn {]ZmbIw bZntbm\ym {]aptNylw
[ymtb {_ k\mX\cx AY tbm\n Zzmcw
kw{ ]m]v tXm bt{Wm]n [yamt\m alXm
ZpxtJ\ PmXam{X kvXp sshjv Wth\ hmbp\m
kwkv ]rjvS kvXZm \ kvacXn PacWm\n \ N
I ip`mip`w hnXn
B Ln hbdn \np ]pdp hcm
XpSp Pohn Xm ]e P hlnXmbpw `n
tbm\nIfn s]hcpsS ape IpSnXmbpw kvacnpp.
]e {]hiyw P\np. ]e {]mhiyw acnp. As
]e ip`m ip` Ifpw Hmpp. GXmbmepw
Rm\ntm ZpxJkap{Zn BgpIbmWv . CXn \nv
IcIbdms\mcp amw ImWpn. hfm F\nv
kXv I sNWw. atlizcs\ icWw {]m]n
Ww. hnjvWphns\ B{ibnpIbpw kmwJymZn tbmK
tXSpIbpw thWw. {_ m\ e_v[npw
{iantXpv. Cs\ ]e Nnbnepw sRcpn
inip ]pdp hcpp. Fm `qanbnseptm
ambmPmem IgnsXmpw HmbnmXmIpp.
Xm K`n InS Imcysa Hpw Hmm
Ignbm \nebnemIpp.
5. icoccanXn Ikv amXv A tbmly{X {inb
t m\mn Zi\mn tImjvTmncnXn X{X
tImjv Tmn\mam inX ]oXtf ly tNmjyw
]NXn Zi\mo cq]mWmw Zi\w ItcmXn
m\mn ip`mip`w N I hnXn {XoWn
m\m\n `hn aptJ Blh\obw DZtc
Kml]tXym lrZnZnWmn BmbPat\m
at\m {_ tem`mZbx ]ithm [rXn Zom
ktmj _po{nbmWn b ]{XmWn
lhowjn It{nbmWn incx I]mew tIim
Z`mapJa thZn NXpjvI]mew incx tjmUi
]mizZ ]Sem\n k]tXmcw aiXw
kmioXn Iw kn iXw k\hIw kv\mbp iXw
kv]X incmiXm\n ] am iXm\n Ao\n
N l ssh {XoWniXm\n jjvToxkmt{km
tcmamWn tImteym lrZbw ]em\yjvSu ZzmZi
]em Pn lz m ]n {]w I^kymipIf
IpUp]w taZ{]u Zzmh\nbXw aq{X ]pcojam
lmc ]cnamWXv ss]emZw tam imkv {Xw
ss]emZw tamimkv{XanXn
Cu tZl]ns icocsav FpsImv
]dbpp?ImcWw, CXn Pv Rm\mn, Zi\mn
PTcmn Cs\ aqv AnI IpSnsImffpp.
tZln AnIp aqp m\ \onsh
npv. apJv Blh\obmn DZcn Kml]
Xymn lrZbn ZnWmnbpwCu tZlw b
kzcq]amIpp CXn BmhmWv bPam\, a\v
{_mhv , tem`mZnI _enarK, ss[cyw ktmjw
XpSnbh ZoI mt\{nb lhnv, incv,
I]mew, tIiw Ch Z`, apJw, AthZn, incv ,
NXpjvI]mew, Z]wnI tjmUi I]me, \qn
F]Xv knI, \qn Ggv a m\, \qn
H]Xv kv\mbp, Ggp\qdp RcpI Aq
aI, apqn Fv AnI, C{Xbpw icocn
epv. tcma \mectmSnbmWv lrZbw Fp]ew,
Pnlz ]{p]ew, ]nw, CSgn, I^w \menSgn,
ipw \mgn, taZv cnSgn Chbp ]pdsa,
Blmcns ]cnWmaa\pkcnv aeaq{Xfpw
icocnepv. Cu ]cnWmaw A\nbanXamWv. Fm
hcnepw Hcpt]mseb, Cu imkv {Xn\v tam
imkv{XsamWv t]cv ]nemZ F ap\nbmWv CXv
shfnhmnbXv.
Kt`m]\njv ]cyhkm\np.
Q
I K
N P
436
Kmb{Xo D]\njv
1
3
{]Ya JWvUnI
GX-kv a GXXv hnZzmw kta-Im-Zimcw
auev Keyw mthm ssat{Xtbm `ymPKma.
GImZim auev K-eys ASpv mhssat{Xb
sNp.
Xw Xkv an {_Ntcy hkXoXn hnm
tbmhmN; Inwkzn acym Abw Xu-evKtey
t[yXn. bZkvan {_Ntcy hkXo-Xn.
auevKey {_Nmcnsb Iv Abm tI
hn[w ]cnlmk kzcn ]dp: "auev K- ey
Cu {_Nmcnsb FmWv ]TnnpXv ?'
Xn auev K- ey- kym- t- hmkn ip{im- h. k
BNm-cy- am{hPymN- Nt.
auev K-eys {_Nmcn CXptIv Xs BNmcys
ASpv sNv ]d-p.
Zp[o-bm\w hm Abw `h athm NtZym
ba-ZymXnYn `hXn.
Av AXnYnbmWtm Asb Atlw aqV- s\v
]d- p.
Inw kuay hnZzm- \nXn? "Abm hnZzm-
\mtWm?' auev Key tNmZnp.
"{Xo thZm {_qtX t`m' CXn.
AsX, aqpthZfpw sNmph\mWv injy ]d-
p.
Xky kuay tbm hnZzm hn]jvtSm hnPn-
iotjm t hmko Xw ta Blztb-Xn.
kuaym hnZzm\pw kqvaadnbp-h\pw hnPbw B{K-
ln- p- -h- \p- amb At-l- ns injy- \msW- n
Abmsf Fs ASptbvv Iqnsmphcq.'
XamPp lmh. Xa`yphmNmkm[znXn t`m CXn.
Atm Abm Ahs\ hnfnphcpn. ]d-p:
"CbmfmWv?'
Inw kuay tX BNmtcym At[yXn?'
auevKey AbmtfmSv tNmZnp: "kuay, \n-fpsS
BNmcy FmWv ]SnnpXv?
aqp thZfpw sNmpp Fv.
bp Jep kuay-a`n: kth thZm apJtXm
KrloXm IYw N GhamNmtcym `mjtX IYw \pa tNXv
kuay Zpc[o- bmt\m `hnjy- Xn, bBNmtcym _me{_-
Nmco {_NmcnWw kmhn{Xo {]ml CXn hy- Xn.
kuay: Abm AXdnbpsn BNmcy {_
Nmcnv D]- tZinp sImSppXv kmhn{XnbmWv. Kmb-
{XnbpsS qeamb i_v Zm-amWv DcphnSp- Xv.
XXzw {_qbmXv Zpc[o-bm\w Xw ssh`hmuev
Key- athm- NX kXzmw b {]iv\- a{]m- o Xw
hymN\x ]pcm kwh-cmZmXnhmcbnjy-ko-Xn.
A-s\sb-n \n ]d- bWw Xm R-
fpsS BNmcy- \mb auevK-eys\ aqV- \msWv ]d- p.
XmtfmSp tNmZn tNmZy-v adp]Sn ]d- bm Ign
bpn Fn Hcp sImn\Iw {]bmkapmIpw.
injvSm injvtS`y Gh `mtj-c. tb l tb
\ alw {]iv \w ]rman \ Xw hnh- yXn \
tly\ at[yXo-Xn.
tl kuaym R Fm thZepw ]Tnnpv.
B \nebvv \n-fpsS BNmcy Fs aqV- s\p
]d- bp- sXmWv? tbmKy-mtcmSv tbmKy-m Cs\
]dbpXv DNnXamtWm? Rm tNmZnp tNmZyv
icnbmb Dcw ]d-bm Ignbpnsn Atlw ]Tn
npnmbncn-pw.
k l auev Keyx kza- t- hm- kn- \- ap- hmN
]tckn kuay m_ ssat{Xb ap]mko- X, A[o-
lt`m kmhn{Xo Kmb{Xo NXphn-iwXn tbm\n
ZzmZi anYp\mw bkymw `rKzwKnck cykymw
khanZw {inXw hmw `hm {]m{_qho-ZnXn.
Atm auevKey Xs {_NmcntbmSv ]d
p:...."kuaym, \o t]mIq. mhssat{Xbs ASpp
sNv ]{p anYp\fpw Ccp-]n\meptbm\nI-fp
amXpw `rKphpw AwKncpw t\{X- fmbnpXpw kI
eXn\pw B{i-b-hpamb kmhn{Xnsb Rsf ]Tnn
tW Fv ]d- bpI.
ZzoXob JWvUnI
k X{X PKma bt{XXtcmh`qXv. Xw l
{]{] kl \
auZvK- eys injy ssat{Xbs ASppsNv
I K
N P
437
tNmZn- - tm At- l- n\v Dcw \Im Ign-
n.
Xw tlmhmN Zpc-[o- bm\w Xw ssh `hm
auZv K- ey- athmN kXzmb {]iv \Xo {XXw
hythm Nx ]pcm kwhcmZmn amcnjy-ko-Xn.
Abm ]dp: "Av auZvK-ey aqV-\msWv
]d- p. Atlw XmtfmSp tNmZnp; Xmv AXv
]d- bm Ignnsn Hcp sImw hfsc {]bmkw
A\p`hntn hcpw?
k l ssat{Xbx kzm\- t- hm- kn\ DhmN
bYmw `htm b Krlw bYm at\m hnkr
Pymw Zpc[o-bm\ hm Alw auZvK- eya thmNmw
k b {]iv\-a-t{]m-o-\Xw hythmNw Xapss]-
jyman imnw Icnjymao-Xn.
Atm ssat{Xb Xs injvmtcmSv ]dp
"Ctm \n kzw Cjv S{]-Imcw X-fpsS hkXn
Ifntebv v Xncnp t]mhpI. Rm auZvK-ey aqV- \m
sWv ]d- p. Fm Atlw Fp tNmZnp AXn
\pcw ]d-bm F\nv Ignhn. Rm Atlns
ASpsn Atls im\mpw.'
k l ssat{Xbx {]mXx kanXv ]mWn auZ
Key ap]- kkmZ Aku h Awl t`m ssat{Xb
CXn. Ina-anXn.
ASp Znhkw {]`mXn ssIbn NaXbpambn
ssat{Xb auZv K-eyap\nbpsS ASppsNp ]dp:
"ssat{Xb\mb Rm Asb kam{i-bnms\nbXm
Wv.'
"Fn\v?' Atlw tNmZnp
Zpc[o-bm\w hm Alw `hathmNw h am
b {]iv\a {]moX Xw hythmNw Xzmapss]- jym
an. imnw Icnjymao-Xn.
ssat{Xb ]dp: Rm Av aqV- \msWv
]d- bpIbpmbn, Av tNmZnXn\p adp]Sn ]d- bm
F\nv Ign- n- . Rm A- bpsS ASpsn
Ctm Asb kam[m\nnpIbmWv.'
k tlmhmN A{X hm Dt]Xw N khw N
IrXw ]m]- tI\ Xzmw bmt\\ Ncamlpx AtYm
h aa IeymWkvXw tX ZZman tX\ bmloXn
auXv Key ]dp: "Xm ChnsS hp; Bfp
I ]d- bpXv kua\ky-tmSpIqSnb-. AnhnsS
hsXmWv. Fnepw Rm `hyambn A-tbmSv s]cp
amdpp. AXp kzoIcnv Av Xncnsb t]mhpI.'
k tlmhmN GXtZhm{Xm]n Nm\pikyw NbYm
`hm\mlw D]-bmantXzh `hanXn. ssat{Xb ]dp:
Av ]d- Xv A`-bmIhpw kXy-hpamWv. Rm
Asb tkhnp-Xn\v kanXv ]mWnbmbnmWv hn
p- Xv.'
X lo tX Ymb
(A-tXmsS Atlw hn[n]qhw D]- Nmc sNbvXp.)
tlmt]Xy ] {]O
(A-Spp sNv tNmZnp)
Inw hnZmlpt`m khnXp htcWyw `tm
tZh kyIhbx Inamlpx [ntbm hnN bZnXmx
{]thXy {]tNmZb khnXm ]tcXn.
1. khnXmhns htcWy-ambnpXv FmsW- mWv
]d- bpXv?
2. B tZhs `w FmWv?
3. Adnbmsan "[o' F-Xns XXzsamsWv ]d-
bpI. AXns\ t{]cnnp sImmWtm khnXmhv Ncn
p- - Xv.
Xkvam GXXv t{]mhmN Atlw Dcw sImSpp.
thZm- - mwkn khn- Xph- tcWyw `tm
tZhky Ihtbmamlp. ImWn [nb kvXZp
tX {_hoan {]tNmZb khnXm bm`ntcXn.
1. thZfpw OpamWv khnXmhns htcWy- ambn
p- Xv.
2. Adnhp- h A- sbmWv tZhs `-sap ]d-
bp-Xv.
3. Iw XsbmWv B [o XXzw AXneqsS t{]cW
\InsmmWv kqcy Ncnp- Xv .
Xap]-kwKrly ]{]- m[oXn t`mx Ix khnXm ImKmb-
{XoXn.
AXptIv hopw Atlw tNmZnp. khnXmhv
FmWv ? Kmb{Xn Fv?
XrXob JWvUnI
a\ Gh khnXm hmIv kmhn{Xn b{X tlyh
a\kvXZzmIv. b{X ssh hmIv X\ CXn GtX
th tbm\o GIw anYp\w.
a\mWv khnXmhv . hmIv kmhn{Xn. a\pnSv
hmpv. hmpnSv a\pv. Ah cpw cp
tbm\nbpw Hcp anYp\hpamWv.
An-tch khnXm ]rYnho kmhn{Xo. b{X
tlyj AnkvXXv ]rYnho. b{X ssh ]rYnho
XZncnXn GtX tZz tbm\o GIw anYp\w.
I K
N P
438
An khnXmhmWv. ]rYzn kmhn{Xn. AnbpnS
Xv ]rYznbpv. ]rYznbpnSv Anbpv. AXv cp
tbm\nbpw Hcp anYp\hpamWv.
hmbp- tcJ khn- Xm, A- cow kmhn- {Xo,
b{X tlyh hmbpkvXZcow b{X hm A
cow XZzmbpcnXn GtX tZz tbm\o GI anYp
\w.
hmbp khnXm-hm-Wv. Acow kmhn-{Xn-bpw.
FhnsS hmbphpv AhnsS Aco- - apv . Ah cpw
tbm\nbpw Hcp anYp\hpamIpp.
BZnXy Gh khnXm Zyux kmhn{Xo b{X
tlyhm- ZnXy kv Xkv amXv Zyux b{X ssh Zyu
kvXZmZnXy CXn. GtX tZz tbm\o GIw anYp\w.
BZnXy khnXmhmWv. tZymhv kmhn{Xnbpw. FhnsS
BZnXy-\pv. AhnsS tZymhpv. cpw cp tbm\n
Ifpw Hcp anYp\hpamIpp.
N{am Gh khnXm. \- {XmWn kmhn{Xn.
b{Xtlyh N{- am- kv X- - {Xm- Wn. b{X ssh
\- {XmWn X{am CXn GtX tZz tbm\o GI
anYp\w.
N{ khnXmhmIpp. \- {X kmhn{Xnbpw.
FhnsS N{\pv AhnsS \{X- fpv. \- {X
DnSv N{\papv. cpw cp tbm\nIfpw Hcp anYp
\hpamIp- p.
Al Gh khnXm cm{Xnx kmhn{Xn b{X tly
hml-kvXZv cm{Xnx b{X ssh cm{XnkvXZlcnXn
GtX tZz tbm\o GIw anYp\w.
Znhkw khnXmhmIpp. cm{Xn kmhn{Xnbpw. ]I
epnSv cm{Xnbpapv; cm{XnbpnSv ]Iepapv.
cpw cptbm\nIfpw Hcp anYp\hpamIpp.
Djv W- tah khnXm ioXw kmhn- {Xn. b{X
tly thmjvWw XoXw b{X ssh ioXw XZp
jvW-anXn GtX tXz tbm\o GIw anYp\w.
Djv Ww khn- Xmhm- Ip- p. ioXw kmhn- {Xnbpw.
FhnsS Djv W- apv AhnsS ioXapv. FhnsS ioXap
v, AhnsS DjvWhpapv. cpw cp tbm\nIfpw Hcp
anYp-\hpamIpp.
A{`- tah khnXm hjw kmhn{Xn b{X
tlyhm{`w XZzjw b{X ssh hjw XZ{` anXn
GtX tZz tbm\o GIw anYp\w.
taLw khn- Xm- hm- Ip- p. hjw kmhn- {Xn- bpw.
FhnsS taL- apv AhnsS hj-W-apv. FhnsS hj-
W- apv AhnsS taLapv. cpw cp tbm\nIfpw Hcp
anYp-\hpamIpp.
hn Zyp- tZh khn Xm kv X\- bn Xv \px. b{X
sshkvX\bnXv\pkvXZznZzpZnXn GtX tZz tbm\o
GIw anYp\w.
hnZypv khnXmhmIpp. AXns tLmjw kmhn
{Xnbpw. FhnsS an- epv AhnsS i_vZapv. FhnsS
CSnapg-apv AhnsS an- epv. cpw cp tbm\n
Ifpw Hcp anYp\hpamIpp.
{]mW Gh khnXm. Aw kmhn{Xn. b{X
tlyh{]mW-kvXZw. b{Xhm Aw XXv {]mW
CXn. GtX tZz tbm\o GIw anYp\w.
{]mW khn-XmhmIpp. Aw kmhn-{Xnbpw.
FhnsS {]mW\pv AhnsS A-apv. FhnsS A-
apv AhnsS {]mW- \pv. cpw cp tbm\nIfpw Hcp
anYp-\hpamIpp.
thZm Gh khnXm Omwkn kmhn{Xn. b{X
tlyh thZmkvXmw-kn. b{X ssh Omwko
XtZzZm CXn. GtX tZz tbm\o GIw anYp\w.
thZ khnXmhmIpp. AXns tLmjw kmhn
{Xnbpw. FhnsS anepv AhnsS i_vZapv. FhnsS
CSnapg-apv AhnsS anepv. cpw cp tbm\n
Ifpw Hcp anYp\hpamIpp.
{]mW Gh khnXm, Aw kmhn{Xn. b{X
tlyh{]mW-kvXZw. b{Xhm Aw XXv {]mW
CXn. GtX tZz tbm\o GIw anYp\w.
{]mW khn-XmhmIp-p. Aw kmhn{Xnbpw.
FhnsS {]mW\pv AhnsS A-apv. FhnsS A-
apv AhnsS {]mW- \pv. cpw cp tbm\nIfpw Hcp
anYp-\hpamIpp.
thZm Gh khnXm Omwkn kmhn{Xn. b{X
tlyh thZmkvXmw-kn. b{X ssh Omwko
XtZzZm CXn. GtX tZz tbm\o GIw anYp\w.
thZ khnXmhmIpp. OpI kmhn{Xnbpw
FhnsS thZ-fpv, AhnsS OpIfpv. FhnsS
OpIfpv AhnsS thZ-fpw. cp cp tbm\n
Ifpw Hcp anYp\hpamIpp.
b Gh khnXm ZnWm kmhn{Xn b{X
tlyh b- kv XZv ZnWm kmhv Xn c b{X
tlyh bPvRkvXZv ZnWm b{X ssh ZnWm
XZy CXn GtX tZz tbm\o GIw anYp\w.
bw khnXmhmIpp. ZnW kmhn{Xnbpw.
FhnsS b-apv AhnsS ZnW- bpv. FhnsS Zn
W- bpv AhnsS b-hpapv. cpw cp tbm\nI
fmWv; Hcp anYp\hpw.
I K
N P
439
sFX- mkv ssa XZz n - Zz mw- k- tam- ]- Imco
amkkvXp {_Nmco tX kwnX CXn.
hnZzm\pw ]tcm]Imcnbpamb almcmPmhmb Asb
tkhnp- Xn\v Cu {_Nmcn hp tNncnpp.
AssYXw B kwkvXpcmNn Gh NntXm
_- `qh AtYmmb {]mhmPo- ZnXn.
Cu {_ Nmcn A-bpsS ASpsn m\
]q-\mbnoncnpp. AXn\ptijw Atlw
AhnsS \nv t]mbn.
GXZzm Alw thZ ss\Xmkp tbm\ntjzX
GtXt`ym hm anYpt\`yx kw`htXm {_Nmco
aa ]pcpbpjx t{]bmZnXn.
]ns Atlw ]dp: "Ctm Rm\Xv a\vk-
knemnbncnpp. Cu tbm\nIfntem Cu anYp\-
fntem ISph Fs Hcp {_Nmcnbpw Aev ]mbp
m-bncnpIbn.
NXp JWvUnI
{_ tlZw {inb {]XnjvTmamb- X\ssaX
X- sskyIm bZn XXv {_qtX ntbXv XXv
ktXy {]XyXnjvTXv.
{_ {io{]- XnjvTmb- X\ Ip. X]p sN-
Ww. Xt]m{hXw [cnp ]w kXy-n\v {]XnjvT
bpmIpw.
k khnXm kmhn{Xym {_mWw krjvSzm
XXv kmhnt{Xm ]cyZ[mXv.
B khnXmhv kmhn{Xn-bn \nv {_m-Ws\
krjvSnp. kmhn{Xnsb hfp.
XXv khn- Xq htcWyw CXn kmhn{Xymx
{]Yax ]mZx
kmhn{XnbpsS Hmas ]mZw "XXv khnXq
htcWyw' FmWv.
]rYnho ENw ka[mXv.
ENm Anw, An\m {inbw {inbm kv{Xnbw
kv{Xn tbm anYp\w. anYpt\\ {]Pmw. {]Pbm I
IWm X]x X]km kXyw. ktXy\ {_m
{_Wm {_mWw. {_mtW\ hvXcw. {htX
\ssh {_mWx kw intXm `hXn. Aiqt\ym
`hXn. Ahnntm `hXn.
]rYzntbmSpIqSn Ens\ tbmPnnp. Ent\mSv
An- sb, An- tbmSv {iosb, {iotbmSv kv {Xosb,
kv {XotbmSv anYp\s; anYp\tmSv {]Psb; {]Pbm
Is; I- m X]- n s\; X]- n - \m
kXys; kXy- m {_m- hns\; {_m-hn\m
{_mWs\; {_mW-\m {hXs; {_mW {hX
m Xs Xov W- \mbno-cpp. ]q\pw Ahn
n- \pambnocpp.
Ahn- ntm ky Xp- c- hn- nw Poh\w
`hXn b Ghw htZXv bsshw hnZzmt\htaXw
kmhn{Xymx {]Yaw ]mZw hymNjvtS
bmsXmcm Cu hn[w Adnbpp, Adnv AXns\
th hn[n hymJym\npp; AbmfpsS hwihpw
PohnXhpw Ahnn-ambno-cpp.
]a IWvUnI
`tm tZhky [oaloXn kmhn{Xymx ZznXobx
]mZx
kmhn{XnbpsS cmas ]mZw "`tm tZhkym
[oaln' FmWv.
A- co- tW bPpx ka- Z- [mXv bPpjm
hmbpw hmbp\m A{`w, At{`W hjw htjW
Huj[n h\- kv ]- Xo, Huj[o h\- kv ]- Xo`ox
]iq, ]ip`ox I, IWm X]x, X]km
kXyw, ktXy\ {_mWm, {_mWw {_m-
tW-\, {hXw {htX\. ssh {_mWx kwintXm
`hXyhnntm `hXn.
A-co--m bpv kpkwLnSXamIpp.
bpthZm hmbphns\; hmbphn\m taLs;
taLm hjs; hj- m Huj[n h\kv]-Xn
Isf Hmj- Znh\kv ]-XIem Ppsf; Ppfm
{]h\sf; {]h\-fm X]- ns\; X]- n
\m kXys; kXy-m {_s; {_m
{_mWs\; {_mW\m {hXs; {hXm {_m
W XovW\pw Ahnn- \pambno- cpp.
Ahnntmky Xpchnnw Poh\w `h
Xnb Ghw htZXv bsshw hnZzm- t\- h- taXw
kmhn{Xymx {]Yam ]mZw hymNjvtS.
bmsXmcm Cs\ CXdnbpp, Adnv Cs\
thhn[w hymJym\npp. Abm Xs hwi-sbpw
Xsbpw Ahnn- -ampp.
jjvT IWvUnI
1. "[ntbm tbm \x {]tNmZbmXv CXn kmhn{Xymx
XrXobx ]mZx
kmhn{XnbpsS aqmas ]mZw "[ntbm tbm \x
{]tNmZbmXv ' FmIpp
Znhm kma kaZ[mXv, kmav\m BZnXyw, BZn
tXy\ civao, civan`nx hjw, htjW Hmj[n
I K
N P
440
h\kv]-Xo, Hmj-[nh\kv]-Xn`yx ]iq, ]ip`nx
I IWm X]x, X]-km kXyw, ktXy\
{_, {_Wm {_mWw, {_mtW\ {hXw,
{htX\ ssh {_mWx kwintXm `hXyiqt\ym
`hXyhnNvOntm `hXn. Ahnntm ky Xp
ahnnw Poh\w `hXn b Ghw thZ bsshw
hnZz m- t\- h- taXw km- hn - Xym- kv Xr- Xobw ]mZw
hymNjvtS
ZyptemItmSp IqSn kmas tbmPnnpp.
kmatmSv BZnXys\; BZnXy- t\mSp civaIsf; civ anI
tfmSv hjs; hj- tmSv Hmj[nh\kv ]XnIsf; Hmj-
[nh\kv ]- XnIsf arK-tfmSv; arKsf ItmSv;
Is X]nt\mSv; X]- ns\ kXytmSv; kXys
{_tmSv; {_s {_mWt\mSv; {_mWs\
{_{hXtmSv; {hXm {_mW Xov W\pw
]q-\pamIpp. Ahs hwiw Ahnn-amIpp. CXv
a\nemn kmhn{XnbpsS XrXob ]mZs hymJym\n
p-h Xs hwi PohnXs Ahnnampp.
k]v Xa IWv UnI
tX\ lhm Ghw hnZqjm {_mtW\ {_m
`n]w {KknXw ]cmarjvSw.
kmhn{XnbpsS aqp ]Zfpw Adnbp {_mW
{_{]m-]vX\pw {Kkn-X\pw AXn\m ]cmarjvS\pam
Ip-p.
{_Wm BIm- k- a- `n- ]w {Kkn- Xw, ]cm-
arjvSw BImti\ hmbpc`n]tm {KknXx, ]cm
arjvSx, hmbp\m tPymXnc`n]tm {KknXx ]cm
arjvSw `qayma`n]w {KknXw ]cmarjvSw, ]cm
arjv Sx tPymXnjm-amt]m-`n]tm {KknXx, ]cm
arjv Smx AZv `n`qan At\ {]mtWm- `n- ]tm
{KknXx ]cm- arjv Sx {]mtW\ at\m`n ]w
{KknXw ]cmarjvSw, a\km hmK`n]m {KknXm
]cmarjvSmx! thssZbtm A`nhx {KknXx
]cmarjvSx Xm\n lhm GXm\n Zzm Zi alm `qXm
t\yh hn Zn {]Xn - jv Tn - Xm- \n. tXjmw b-
kvtXjmw ]cm[yx
{_m BImiw {]m]vXhpw {KknXhpw ]cm
arjvShpamIpp. BImi- m hmbp {]m]vXhpw {Kkn
Xhpw ]cmarjvShpamWv ; hmbphn\m tPymXnv A`n]-
hpw {KknXhpw ]cmarjvShpamWv; tPymXnn\m Pew
{]m]vXhpw {KknXhpw ]cmarjvShpamWv ; Pem ]rYzn
{]m]vXhpw {KknXhpw ]cmarjvShpamWv . `qanbm Aw
A`n]hpw {KknXhpw ]cmarjvShpamWv; C{\m
{]mW A`n]- hpw {KknXhpw ]cmarjvShpamWv ; {]mW-
\m a\v A`n]-\\hpw a\n\m hmv A`n]- hpw
{KknXhpw ]cm-arjvShpamIpp; hmn-\m thZ
A`n]fpw {KknXfpw ]cmhrjv S-fpamWv. thZ
-fm bw {]m]vXhpw {KknXhpw ]cmhrjvShpam
Wv . C- s\bp m\w Dsmphcn ]{p
alm`qX {]Xnjv TnXamIpp. Chbn b- amWv
kht{i- jvTw.
X l kvssa Xtah hnZzmwkm a\ytX hnssZy-
\anXn bYm XYyw hnZzmwkx
Rv b- sn Adnbmsav Nnnp
hnZzmam ]ecpw AXdnbpn.
Abw btm thtZjp {]XnjvTnXx thZm
hmNn{]- XnjvTnXmx, hmMv a\kn {]XnjvTnXm, a\x
{]mtW {]XnjvTnXw, {]mtWm Au {]XnjvTn
Xx, Aw `qau {]XnjvTnXw, `qanx c]vkp {]Xn
jvTnXx, Aw `qau {]Xn- jv Tn-Xw, `qanx c]vkp
{]XnjvTnXx, Aw `qau {]XnjvTnXw, `qanx c]vkp
{]Xn- jv Tn- Xm, Bt]m- tPym- Xnjn {]Xn- jv Tn- Xmx,
tPymXnhmbu {]XnjvTnXm, hmbpcmImti {]Xn
jv Tn-Xx, BImiw {_Wn {]Xnjv Tn-Xw, {_
hnZn {]XnjvTnXw.
tbm l hm Ghw hnXv k {_hnXv, ]pWyw
NIonw e`- tX, kpc`ow Km. tkm
]lX ]m]v am A\mw {inb am]v t\m- Xn. b
Ghw thZ bsshw hnZymt\htaXmw thZm\mw
amXcw kmhn{Xow kZap]- \njZ ap]mkvX CXn
{_m- Ww.
Cu bw thZ-n {]XnjvTnX-amWv. thZw
hmn {]XnjvTnXamIpp. hmv a\n {]XnjvTnX
amWv. a\v {]mW\n {]XnjvTnXamWv, {]mW A-
n {]XnjvTnXamIpp; Aw `qanbn {]XnjvTnX
amIpp; `qan Pen {]Xnjv TnXamWv . Pew tXPn
{]XnjvTnXamWv; tXPv hmbphn {]XnjvTnXamWv;
hmbp BImi-n {]XnjvTnXamIpp. BImiw {_
n {]XnjvTnXamWv; {_thmhv {_mW\n
{]XnjvTnXamWv; CXdnbp {_m\n ]pWyhpw
Ionbpw t\Spp. kpc`ne Kw {]m]npp. B
hyn ]m]lo\\mbn A\amb sFizcys {]m]n
pp.
Kmb{Xn D]- \njv kam]np.
Q
I K
N P
441
Hmw kzkvXknw Hmw \tam {_tW Hmw
\akv IrXy bmhev Iyx Ejn kzbw `phw
]cn]rXn\ tl {_, Kmb{Xym DXv]nw
t{imXpanman AYmtXm hknjv Tx kzbw`phw
]cn]rnXn tbm {_ k {_tmhmN {_
mt\mXv ]t {]IrXnw hymJymkymax tIm
\ma kzb`px ]pcpj CXn tX\mwKpeoaYyam\mXv
kenea`hXv kenemXv t^\mXv _pZv_pZa`hXv
_pZv _pZmZa`hXv AmXv {_m A`hXv
{_tWm hmbp c`hXv hmtbm cn c`hXv
AttcmwImtcm`hXv HmmcmXv hymlrXnc`hXv
hymlrXym Kmb{Xym kmhn{Xy `hXv kmhn{Xymx
kckz Xy `hXv kckz Xymx kth thZmx
A`h kth`ymx temtI`yx khm temImx
A`h ktht`ym temtI`yx kth {]mWn
t\m `hXv
Hmw awKfw `hns. kIepw knnbpmIs.
{_mhn\v \akvImcw. bmhevIy kzbw `qhnt\Sv
tNmZnpp. Kmb{Xn Fs\bpmbn? Atlw
]dp. ""{_m\ns Dev]nbmWv , {]Ir
XnbpsS BZnImcWsav ]dbsSpp. BcmWv
kzbw`px? AtX ]pcmW ]pcpj Xs. Atlw hncev
IpSv Pes Dev]mZnp. Pen\nv t^\ap
mbn.t^\n \nv _pZv_pZw, _pZv_pZn \nv
Aw,An \nv {_mhv, {_mhn \nv
hmbp,hmbphn \nv An, Anbn \nv Hmmcw,
Hmmcn \nv hymlrXn, hymlrXnbn \nv
Kmb{Xn, Kmb{Xnbn \nv kmhn{Xn, kmhn{Xnbn \nv
kckzXn, kckzXnbn \nv kIe thZfpw, kIe
thZfn \npw kIe temInsebpw PohnIfpw
Dmbn.
AYmtXm Kmb{Xo hymlrIm hymlrXbx
Inw `qx Inw `phx Inw al Inw P\x Inw X]x Inw
kXyw khnXp Inw htcWyw In w Z Inw
tZhky Inw [oaln In w [nbx Inw bx Inw
{]tNmZ\bmXv Hmw `qcnXn `qthm temIx `phx
CXycotemIx kzcnXnkztemIx al CXn
altemIx P\ CXn Pt\m temIx X] CXn
Xt]mtemIx kXyan Xn kXy temIx XZ]n
bZku tXtPmabx tXtPm fn tZhXm
khnXpcnXn khnXm khnXm kmNn{X amZntXym
ssh htcWyan{X {]Pm]Xnx `CXymt]mssh
`x tZhky CXot{m tZh tZymXI CXn k
C{kv Xkv amXv kh]pcptjm\mXx cpt{Zm
[oalnXycmm [nb CXycmm lcx b
CXn kZm inh ]pcpjx \x CXy kv amIw kz
[t {]tNmZ bmZnXn {]tNmZnX Ima Cam
temIm {]Xym{ibtX b ]tcm [ CtXyjm
Kmb{Xo
As\ Atln \nmWv Kmb{Xnbpw hymlr
XnIfpw {]hnIfpw {]hnXambXv.
Kmb{Xn FmWv ? hymlrXnI GsXmsbmWv ?
A{]Imcw `px `phx kzx alx P\x X]x kXyw
XXv khnXpx htcWyw `x tZhky[oaln [nbx
bx \x {]tNmZbmXv CsXms Fv ? ChbpsS kzcq]
sav?
Dcw `qx FXv `q temIns hmNIamWv. `ph
FXv BImins, kzx kztemIns alx
altemIns P\x P\ temIn s, X]x
Xt]mtemIns kXyw kXy temIns XXv
FXv tXPkznbmb AntZhs khnXp kqcys,
htcWyw {]Pm]Xnbmb {_mhns `w Pens
tZhky tXPkznbmb C{s [oaln FXv t{]cW
bv pff CbpsS tZymXIamWv. Npcpn Kmb{Xn
kIe temInsbpw tZhXIfpsSbpw {]XoIamWv.
km N In wtKm{Xm IXycm IXn ]Zm
IXnIpnb Im\n iojmWn kmwJymtKm{Xm
km NXn hn wiXycm Kmb{Xo {Xn ]mZm
NXpjv ]mZm ]p\kv XkymXz mc ]mZm jSv
IpnIm ] iojmWn `hn tI N ]mZm
Im Ipb Im\n iojmWn EtKztZmkymx
{]Ya ]mtZm `hXn bqthtZm ZznXobx ]mZx
]qhm ZnIv {]Yam Ipo`hXn ZnWm ZznXob
Ipn `hXn ]na XrXobm Ipn `hXn
Dcm NXpo Ipn `hXn A[xjjv To
Ipo `hXn hymIctWmky {]Yax iotjm
`hXn inm ZznZobx Iev ] kv IrXnbx \ncp-
Xpx tPymXn jmkb\anXn ]ax Ix
ZnIv tImhx In amb X\w Ix kz cx In w
eWwIm\ycssZhXm\n tI Ejbx Im\n
Omwkn Im ibx Im\nX Xzm\n tINmhbhmx
]qhmbmw`hXp Kmb{ Xo tiz Xm kmhn {Xo
Irjv Wm kckzXn ]rYnhycow tZymcm-
bX\m\n.
Kmb{Xocltkym]\njv
1
3
I K
N P
442
AXns tKm{XtaXmWv ? AXv F{X Acapff
XmWv? AXn\v F{X ]mZamWv? F{X Ipnbpv?
AXns iojw aq[m\n m\ Ch Gh?
Dcw AXv kmwJymb\ tKm{Xn s]XmWv. Ccp]
n\mev AcfmWv AXn\pffXv. Kmb{Xn aqp
]mZhpw \mep]mZhpw DffXmWv. \mepw Bdpw Ipn
Ifpw Av incpw AXn\p.v
]mZ GXv, IpnI GXv, incv Gh?
EtKzZamWv AXns Hmas ]mZw. bpthZw
cmasXpw kmathZw aqmasXpw AYhthZw
\memasXpw ]mZamWv ]qhZnv Hmas Ipn.
ZnW Znv cmas Ipn, DcZnv \memas
Ipn, BImiw Amas Ipn, Xmsg `qan
Bdmas Ipnbpw
hymIcWamWv AXns BZys incv , in
cmasXv , Iev]w aqmatXv, \ncpw \mema
sXv, tPymXnjw AmasXv.
GXv Znn GXp \ndn AXns A[njvTm{Xn
Ifmb tZhXI \nfsmffpp? AhbpsS hnkvXmc
sav? kzcw eWw Ch GXmWv? BcmWv A[njvTm
XtZhn? EjnI Bcv ? Ov Fv? inI GsX
mw? GXp XXzamWv? Ahbhtfh?
Kmb{Xn ]qhZnnsXmWv . \ndw NphmWv, heXp
hiv kmhn{Xn AXns \ndw shffbmWv, ]Snmdv
kckzXn AXns \ndw Idpv , [ym\amWv A\pjvtTbw
]rYnhnbpw BImihpw kzhpamWv AXns
hnkvXmcw \nhmk m\hpw.
AImtcmImcaImc cqt]mZmmZn kz cm
nIm khm kym lwkhmln\o {_o
a[yam hr j`hmln \o amtliz co ]n am
KcpUhmln\o sshjv Who ]qhmImenIm
kym Kmb{ Xo Ip amco cm cmwKm
chmkn \o camey Km\p te]n \o
]mimpim amemIaep lkv Xm lwkm
cpVm {_ssZhXym EtKzZ kwlnXm BZn
Xy]Y Kman\o `pthm temtI hyhnXm
kmbw kym kckzXo hym Irjv W
K ameym\pte]\m iwJ N{IKZm`b lkvXm
Kcp UmcqVm hnjv Wp ssZhXym kma thZ
kln Xm BZnXy ]Y Kman \o kz temI
hyhnXm
AXv AImc DImc cq]hpw DZmmZnkzcmmI
hpamWv.
{]mXx Imeo\ kymcq]nWnbpw lwkhmln\n
bpw {_kzcq]nWnbpamWv. a[yamkym hrj hmln
\nbpw ickzcq]nWnbpamWv. kmbwImeo\ ky
KcpUmcqVbpw hnjv Wpkzcq]nWnbpw NXp`pPbpw
iwJN{ImZn [mcnWnbpamWv
]qhmImenI kybmb Kmb{Xn Ipamcnbpw
chbpw Nph amebpw apw [cnhfpw Nph
amebpw apw [cnhfpamWv . ]miw, Apiw, Iaep,
Aame Ch [cnpp. lwkmcqVbmWv. {_mZn
tZhkzcq]nWnbpw EtKzZ klnXbpw kqcyamn
kcnphfpw ]rYznbn \nhknphfpamWv.
a[ym ImenI kybphXnbpw kzbpw shff
\ndapffhfpw shfpN\hpw shfpamebpw
[cnphfpw {XnipeUacpI[mcnWnbpw Imfpdv
knphfp w cp{ Zm[n tZhXbp w bp thZ
kw_n\nbpamWv . kqcyamn kcnpp.
BImin \nesImffpp.
kmbwImeo\ ky kckzXnbmWv. {]mbw sN
hfpw Idpame tNhfpw iwJN{IKmZmZnI [cnv
KcpUhmln\nbpambn hncmPnpp. hnjvWphmWv A[n
ssZhw. kmathZbpbpw kqcyKman\nbpw kzn
\nhknphfpamWv .
An hmbp kq cy cq ]m Blh\ob
Kml]Xy ZnWmn kzcq]m Zq`ph kzcnXn
hymlrXncq]m{]mX a[ym XrXob kh\m
nIm kXzcPkvXtamKpWnnIm Pm{KXvkz]v\
kpjp]v Xcq]m hkpcp{ZmZnXy cq]m Kmb{Xo
{XnjvSp]v PKXo cq]m {_ ic hnjvWp.
cqt]mPmRm\ incq]m kzcmUv hncmUv
{_`hXn {]Yamtbw ZzXobw {]mPm]Xyw
XrXobw kuayw NXpmaoim\mw ]aamZn
Xyw jjv Sw Kmln]Xyw k]vXaw a{ajv Saw
`KhssZhXw \haamcyaWw Ziaw kmhn{Xta
ImZiw Xzmjv Sw ZzmZiw ]ujv Ww {XtbmZi
ssa{mw NXp
ao\ a\yX ]aw `mhw jjvTw imn
eyw k]vXaw temlnX ajvSw sshjvWhw \haw
imXmX]w Ziaw k\Xv Ip amctaIm Ziw
]u{Iw ]ZimXXpw tjmUiw Zimw
Imiy]ajvSma amt{Xb tatIm\ hnwiaume
ItaI hniwamwKnkw Zz mhnwiw \ma tIXp
auev Keyw NXphnwiamwKnkyw sshizml{X
anXm {]XycmWm ZrjvStbm `hn.
Cu Kmb{Xn An hmbp kqcycq]hpw Blh\obw
Kml]Xyw `Ww Cu hn cq]hpw Ev bpkv
kmaw Cu cq]nepffXpw BWv `qx `phx kz Ch
hymlrXncq]hpw {]mXx Imew a[ymw kmbmw Cu
I K
N P
443
cq]nepffXpw kXzcPkvXtamKpWsf {]Xn\n
[m\w sNpXpw {_ihnjv Wpamsc eyamn
bXpw Kmb{Xn PKXn {XnjvSpv Cu OpI Dsm
ffpXpw {_abhpamIpp.
Kmb{XnbpsS Hmas Acw AntZhs\bpw,
cmasXv {]Pm]Xnsbbpw,apmasXv N{s\bpw,
\mev Cuim\s\bpw, Av BZnXys\bpw, Bdv Kml
]Xysbpw, Ggv a{sbpw, Fv `K\bpw, H]Xp
Acyamhns\bpw, ]v khnXmhns\bpw, ]Xns\mv
Xzjv Smhns\bpw,]{v ]qjmhns\bpw, ]Xnaqv
C{mnIsfbpw, ]Xnmev hmbphns\bpw, ]Xn\v
hmatZhs\bpw, ]Xn\mdv ssa{XmhcpWs\bpw, ]Xnt\gv
{`mXrhys\bpw, ]Xns\v hnjvWphns\bpw, ]sm
]Xv hma\s\bpw, Ccp]Xv sshiztZhs\bpw, Ccp]
smv cp{Zs\bpw, Ccp]n cv Ipt_cs\bpw,
Ccp]naqv Aizn\o Ipamcmscbpw, Ccp]n\mev
Ac {_mZntZhs\bpw {]Xn\n[m\w sNpp.
Hmw Acns Ejn hknjvT\mWv. cma
tXns `cZzP, aqnsXv K, \mensXv
D]a\yq.AnsXv `rKp, Bdns imney, Ggns
temlnX, Fns hnjvWp, H]Xns imXX],
]ns k\Xv Ipamc, ]Xns\mns thZhymk,
]{ns ipItZh, ]Xnaqns ]mcicy,
]Xn\mens ]u{Iw, ]Xn\ns {IXp, ]Xn\m
dns hv, ]Xnt\gns Iiy], ]Xns\ns
A{Xn, ]sm]Xns AKkvXy, Ccp]Xns Dme
I, Ccp]n Hns BwKncp, Ccp]nns
\matIXp Ccp]naqns apZvKe, Ccp]n\m
ens BwKnctKm{XP\mb hnizman{X,
Kmb{Xn {XnjvSp]v PKXn A\pjvSp]v ]wn
_rlXn Djv WnIv BZn {Xncmhrt\ Omwkn
{]Xn]Zyt {]mZn\n {]Pm hniz`{Zm hnem
kn \o {]`m imamImn kv ]im Zpm
kckzXo hncq]mhnimemo imen\o hym]n\o
hn aem Xtamlmcn Wo kqv amhbhm ]Zv am
ebmhncPm hnizcq]m khtXm apJoXm NXp
hn wiXn itbm\n KZyt ]rYn hym]v tX
tPmhmbz mImi Kckcq] kv ]i i_v Z
hmIym\n ]mZ]mbp] XzIvNp {io Pnlzm
{LmW at\m _pylwImcNnm\oXn
{]XybncmWw XXzm\n {]Xobt I NIm
Xko Ippa ]nwKtf{ \oemn {]t`m \yXv
kqcyhnZypmcI ktcmP tKmcacIX ip
Ip tp imJ]mp t\{ X\otemev ]e
N\mKcp IkvXpcm tKmtcmN\ L\kmckn`w
{]Xyc a\pkpIrcy kacX ]mX tIm] ]mX
h alm]mXImKayKa\ tKmlXy {_lXym
KpcplXym ]nXrlXym {]mWnlXym NcmNc
lXym`y`WmXn Krl kzI hntZ\
kzm[ymXnlo\ IIcW ]c[\m]lcW
ip{Zmt`mP\ i{Xpam]WNmeob Ka \mZn
kakv X ]m]]lmcmw kwkvatcXv
Kmb{Xn, {XnjvSp]v, PKXo, A\pjvSp]v , ]wn,
_rlXo, DjvWnI Ch aqv BhntbmSp IqSnbXmbn
KWn sncn p p. Ahbn se Ccp ]n \mep
inI XmsgsImSpphbmWv {]mZn\o, {]Pm
hniz`{Zw, hnemkn\o, {]`m, imn, Imn, kv ]m,
Zp, kckzXn, hncq], hnimemo, imen\o, hym]n\o,
hnae, Xtam{]lmcnWo, kqv amhbh, ]meb,
hncP, hnizcq], `{Z, Ir], khtXmapJo, ]rYzn, Pew,
tXPv , hmbp, BImiw, Kw, ckw, cq]w, kv ]iw,
i_v Zw, hmIyw, ]mZw, aew, aqt{X{nbw, Xzv, Iv,
sNhn, \mv, aqv, a\v , _pn, Almcw, Nnw,
Ch Kmb{XnbpsS, Hmtcm AcfpsS XXzamIpp.
NIw, Aaco, Ippaw, ]nwfw, C{, \oew,
An{]`mXw, DZnp kqcy hnmcI, ktcmPw,
shfp acXIw, ipw, Iw, Cp, iwJw, ]mp,
t\{Xw, \oeIaew, N\w, AIn, Ikv Xqcn, tKmtcm
N\, Iqcw, ChtbmsSmw a{nse Hmtcm Ac
Dsmffp ]ehn[ ]mXpw D]]mX
Ipw ia\w ImWpXn\v A\pkvacntXmWv .
GsXmw ]mXIfmsWpw ChnsS kqNnnn
pvtKmlXy,{_lXy, {`qWlXy, hoclXy, ]e
Pfnepw \Snb ]eXcw lXyI kv{XolXy,
KpcplXy, ]nXrlXy, BlXy, Pohnlwk, `
Wn\v D]tbmKsSpm PohnIfpsS lXykz
I XymKw, kzman IrXyfn \nv ]nncnbpI.
[\m]lcW]m]w, ip{Zm`Ww, NmemZnIfpam
bpff tbm\n kw_w.
aq[v \n {_minJmt hn jv WpeemS
cp {Z p n N{ mZn Xyu Iu ip {I
_rlkv]Xo \mkm]ptS Aiz\o Ztmjv Tmhpt`
kty apJw acpXx kv Xt\w hkzmZbm lrZbw
]P\yx DZmcamImtim \m`nxcn ISncn{Xmo
kL\w {]mPm]Xyapcq ssIemkw aqePm\p\o
hniztZhu PwtL inincx Kpev ^m\n ]rYnho
h\kv ]XymZo\n \Jm\n alXo Ao\n
\h{Klm AkrIv tXpamwkarXpkmb
ImeZzbame\w kwh tcmXn \ntajmtlm
cm{XanXn hmKvtZhnw icWalw {]]tZy
b CZw Kmb{Xoclkya[otX tX\ EX
kl{kanjv Sw `hXn b CZw Kmb{Xo clky
a[otX Znhk IrXw ]m]m \mibXn {]mX
a[ymtbmx jamkIrXym\n]m]m\n \mi
I K
N P
444
bXn kmbw {]Xc[obmt\m PIrXw ]m]w\m
ibXn b CZw Kmb{Xnclkyw {_mW ]tTX
tX\ Kmb{ Xymw jjv To kl{ k emWn
P]v Xm\n `hn khm thZm[otXm `hXn
kthjp Xotjp kv\mtXm `hXn A{_
Nmco {_Nmco `hXnhynjp kl{k]m\mXv
]qtXm `hXn Ajv Su {_mWm {KmlbnXzm
{_temIw kKXn CXyml `Khm {_m.
bmsXmns incv {_abhpw inJm `mKw
hnjvWphpw eemSw cp{Z\pw IpI kqcyN{mcpw
sNhn ip{ImNmcy\pw _rlkv]Xnbpw cp t{im{X
c{ AizXo Ipamcmcpw ]pw Hmjv Tfpw
kyIfpw apJhpw hmbp kv X\hpw hkp BZn
lrZbhpw taLw hbdpw, \m`n AKv \nbpw IWmepw
h {]mPm]Xy\pw Ducp ssIemkhpw appI
hniztZhmcpw, ininc Kpev^fpw iwJw almb
XXzhpw AnI \h{Klfpw IpSepI tIXphpw
amwkw EXp knIfpw cpImefpw \ntajhpw
Zn\cm{XfpamWv.
Cu Kmb{Xn A[ym\w sNph\v At\Iw
b \Snb ^eapmIpp. Kmb{Xo clkyw
]Tnnph ]I sNbvX ]m]sfmw \inpp.
Imepw a[ymnepw CXp ]Tnnphs
Bdp amks ]m] \in p p . \n Xyhp w
Imep w sshIn p w A[yb\w sNp hs
P]m] \inpp. Kmb{Xoclkyw hmbnp
{_mW\v Kmb{Xo a{w Adp]Xn\mbncw Dcp
P]nmes ^ew knnpp. Abm kIe thZ
fpw A[yb\w sNbvXh\mbn.Abm kIe Xo
fnepw kv \m\w sNbvX ^ew t\Spp. aZy]m\ ]m]
n \nv ap\mIpp.A`y`W]m]n
tamNnsSpp. {_mNmcnbsnepw {_Nmcn
sm tXPv t\Spp. aZy]m\tZmjw \inpp.
Fp {_mWsc CXv ]Tnnp ]w {_temI
ntev t]mIpp. C{]Imcw {]Pm]Xnbmb {_mhv
]dv a\nemnsmSpp.
Kmb{Xocltkym]\njv kam]np.
imn ]mTw
Hmw `{Zw It`nx irWpbma tZhm `{Zw
]tiy am`nbP{Xmx nssc cwssKkvXp p
hmwk kv X\q `n hy tia tZh lnXw bZmbpx
kzkvXn \ Ct{m hr{ihmx kzkvXn \x ]qjm
hniz thZmx kzkvXn\kv Xmtym Acnt\anx
kzkv Xn t\m _rl kv ] XnZ [mXp Hmw imnx
imnx imnx
tZhmsc, R sNhnI sImv \Xv tIp
amdmItW. IpI sImv \Xv ImWpamdmItW. kpZr
Vfmb AwK fmepw icoc mepw \nsf kv XpXnv
sImncntW. tZhm Rv \n bnnp
Bbpp apgph\pw R A\p`hn tW. alm Ion
am\mb C{ Rv A{]Xntcm[yKXnbmb KcpU
Rv awKfa cpftW. _rl kv ]Xn Rv awKf
acpf tW.
1. knZm\ cq]mb |
IrjvWmbmnImcntW |
\tam thZmthZymb |
Kpcth _pnkmntW ||
knZm\ cq]\pw An Imcnbpw thZmthZy\pw
Kpcphpw _pnkmnbpamb IrjvW\v \a kv Imcw.
2. ap\tbm l ssh {_mWaqNpx Ix ]ctam
tZhx. IptXm arXyp_nt`Xn. Iky hnmt\\
AJnew `mXn. tIt\Zw hnizw kwkcXoXn. XZp
tlmhmN {_m {ioIrjvtWm ssh ]cawssZ
hXw tKmhn m rXypx _nt`Xn tKm]oP \ h `
mt\\ XXv mXw `hXn. kzmtlZw kckz
XoXn XZp tlmNp. Ix IrjvtWm tKmhntIm
kmhn { Xn tKm]o P \ h `x Ix, Im kz tlXn
Xm\phm {_m, ]m]ItWm tKm`qan thZhn
Q
tKm]me]qhXm]n\yp]\njv
1
3
I K
N P
445
ZntXm thZnXm tKm]n P\m hnZym Ip em t{] cIx
Xmbm tNXn kIew ]cw {_ss X tZym[ymbXn
ckXn `PXn tkm f artXm `hXn tkm f artXm
`hXoXn.
Hcn {_mhnt\mSv ap\nam tNmZnp. GXp tZh
XbmWv kht{ijv S ambnpXv? BscbmWv arXyp `b
s SpXv? BcpsS XXzw \t]mse {Klnm khhpw
Adnbm km[npp? Cu PKv BcpsS t{]cW
sImmWv BhmKafn Id nsmncnpXv?
AXn\v {_mhv Dcw \In kht{ijv TtZh {ioIr
jvW\mWv. Atlw Xs tKmhn arXyphpw At
ls `bs Spp. tKm]oP\h`s XXzw {Klnp
h\v AdnpIqSm Xmbn Hpw Dmhn. kzmlmcq]n
Wnbmb ambbpsS t{]cWbmemWv Cu PKsmw
BhmKa\ N{In s]v Idp Xv. ap\n am hopw
tNmZnp. IrjvW\mcmWv? tKmhn BcmWv ? tKm]oP
\ h ` BcmWv? kzmlm BcmWv? CsXmw ]dp Xcp
I. {_mhv ]dp. {ioIrjvW ]m]lmcnbmWv. tKmhn
m F t]cn Atlw ]ip, `qan thZhmWn
Fnh Adnbp hs\ \nebn {]kn \mb cnpp.
tKm]oP\h`\pw AhnZymlmcnbpw `Ifmb tKm]namcn
Fmw m\abohnZyIsfbpw Adp]n\mep IeIsfbpw
]qoIcnph\pamWv. Atlns ambminbmWv
kzmlm. CsXmw Cuizcs cq] Xs. Cs\ {ioIr
jv Ws\ t]cn ]c {_w Xs bmWv hnJymX \mbnp
Xv. Atl ns cq]w [ym\n pIbpw \maw P]np
Ibpw sNpXv As n KpWIo\w sNpXv
BcmtWm Ah AarXXzn\v Al\mIpp.
2. tX tlmNpx, Inw X{Zq]w Inw ck\w IYw
hm f tlm XZv `P\w, XXv khw hnhnjZmam
JymloXn XZp tlmhmN sslcmWy tKm]th
aja {`m`w XcpWw Iev ]{Zp am k cv #nXw XZnl
tmImx `hn
kXv ]pcoI \b\w |
taLm`w sshZypXmw_cw |
Zzn`pPw m\ap{ZmVyw |
hm\amen \aoizcw |
tKm]tKm]mwK\mhnXw |
kpc{ZpaXem{inXw |
Znhym emc tWmt]Xw |
cXv\ ]Pa[yKw ImfnoPeItme |
kwKoamcpX tkhnXw |
Nnb tNXkm IrjvWw |
aptm `hXn kwkrtXx |
Ah tNmZnp [ym\tbmKy\mb {ioIr jvW cq]w
F s\ bmWv ? At l ns \mam ar X c km b\w
Fs\ km[npw? F s\ bmWv Atls `Pnt
Xv? Rv Cmcy sfmw ]dpX cWw.
{_mhp ]dp `Khms [ym\tbmKyamb cq]w _me
s XmWv . tKm]thjamWv XcpW\pw Iev]hrm{inX\p
amWv . AsX kw_n tmI Dv.
Xmac\pw taLm`\pw sshZypXmw_\pw Zzn`p
P\pw m\ap{ZmVy\pw h\amenbpw Cuizc\pw tKm]
tKm]mwK\m]coX\pw Znhymemcbp\pw cXv\]Pa[y
K\pw Imfnnbnse ioXfhmXtaph\pw Bb
IrjvWs\ Nnnp h kwkmc ZpxJ ap \mIpp.
3. Xky ]p\x ck\m `P\ `qan p kw ]mXx
ImamZn Ir jvWmtbtXyIw ]Zw tKmhnm tbXn,
ZznXobw tKmhn t t\ Xn, XrXobw h `m tb Xn,
Xpcobw kzmtlXn, ]aanXn ]]Zow {]P]
]mwKw Znhym`qan kqcymN{aku kmoX{Zq
] Xbm {_ kw] ZytX {_ k ZyX CXn
XtZj tmIx oan tXy hm Zm hm Zmb Irjv amb
tbmKw tKmhnmbmX N tKm]oP\h`mb _rlZv
L\w iymaw XZ]yptctZym KXnkvX kymkvXn
awp \m\ym KXnx kymZnXn `ncky `P\w XZn
lm ap t{Xm ]m [n ss\ cm tiy ss\ hm ap jv an a\x
Iev]\taXtZh N ss\jvIyw IrjvWw kw
hn{]m _lp[m bPn. tKmhnw kw _lp[m
ckn. tKm]oP\ht`m `ph\m\n Zt{[ kzmlm
{intXm PKssZPbXv kptcXmx hmbpXyssYtIm
`ph\w {]XnjvtTm Pt\y Pt\y ]cqt]m _`q
h. Irjv W kv X ssY tIm]n PK n Xmw
i_vtZmku ]]tZm hn`mXoXn
BZnbn ow F Ima_oPw shv {ioIrjvWm
b, tKmhnmb, tKm]oP\ h`mb. Fo aqp ]Z
sfbpw kzmlm klnXw Dcnp D]mkI thKw
Xs {ioIrjvW\pambn sFIyw t\Sn apn {]m]npw.
CXn\vC Xn \np `namb asmcp KXn bpan . Atl
nep `n Xs bmWv `P\w. km[I kh t`mtK
Ifpw ssIhna\pw C{nb fpw Atl n Xs
kanp XmWv b`P\w CXmWv bYm kw\ymkw.
thZm ]ehn [n Atls D]mknpp.
kq PKZv kwc I\mb Atlw Xs tKm]oP \
h` Atlw Xs kzmlm[mcnWn bmb ambbpsS
in sImv Cu hnizw krnp. kq {]]
nepw Htc Bmhp Xs. Fm AXv Hmtcm icoc
nepw {]mW XpSnb Ap cq]fn canp
Xpt]mse {ioIr jv W GI\msWnepw Cu a{ n
Ap \ma tNh\mbn tXmpp. a{n
kqNnn Ap\ma epw Htc IrjvWs\s {^Xn
]mZnp XmWv .
I K
N P
446
4. tX tlmNpx D]m k \ ta Xky ]c am t\m
tKmhn ky AJn em [mcntWm {_qlo Xv , Xm\p
hmN {_m, bky ]oTw sslcWy a]em
i aw _pPw XZ cm a em {k bpKw XZ cm _ym
hw hnenJnX IrjvWmb \ax CXn _oPmVyw
k{_mWw cm[m bm\wKa\p Kmb{Xnw bYmh
ZvhymhPy`qaew aqe thnXw IrXzmwKhmkp
tZhmZn cpIvanWymZn kzio{mZn hmkptZhmZn
]mmZn \n[ymbnXw btPXv kymky {]Xn]
n`n cq]Nm ssckvtX \mkymJnew `hXyJnew
`hXoXn
ap\nam hopw tNmZnp. hnizns\mw B[mc `q
X\mbn Irjv Ws\ s\ bmWp ]mkntXv AXv hnh
cnpIAXptIv {_mhv Irjvas\ hnv ]dp
]oTn kz Iaew \nn Ww AXn FpZf
fpmbn cn Ww. AXns \Spv cp {XotImW
ASbmfsSpWw. Ah ]ckv]cw tNncnWw.
Cs\ BdptImW \nnpI. tImWen
nXn sNp InIbn kIe A`o fpw km[n
np Ima_oPw ASbmfsSpWw ]ns Hmtcm
tImWnepw nw _oPbp amb Irjv Wmb \ax {Iaambn
Hmtcm Acambn FgpXWw {_a{hpw ImaKmb
{Xnbpw FgpXn Fp h{Pfm Bthn Xamb ]rYzn
aew \nnWw. ]ns AwK hmkptZh cpIva
Wn, C{, hkptZh, ]m, \n[n Fnh Amh
c W tNv ]qPn Ww. aqp kyIfnepw tjmU
imNmc ]qP I aptJ\ {ioIr jvWs\ ]qPn Ww.
5. XZnl tmImx `hn
GtIm hio khKx IrjvW CuUyx |
GtIm]n k _lp[m thm hn`mXn Xw |
]oTw tb f \p`Pn [ocm |
kvtXjmw kpJw imizXw t\X tcjmw |
\ntXym \nXym\mw tNX\tX\m\mw
GtIm _lq\mw tbm hnZ[mXn Imam |
Xw ]oTKw f tb\pbPn hn{]m
kvtXjmw knnx imizXnx t\X tcjmw |
GXZv hnjvtWmx ]caw ]Zw tb |
\ntXymZypm kwbPt \ ImamXv |
tXjmaku tKm]cq]x {]bXv\mXv |
{]ImitbZm]Zw XssZh ||
khK\pw ]qP\ob\pw GIs\ nepw At\IYm
{]tim`nph\pamb `Khems\ `Pnp hmWv
imizXkpJw ap h . imizX\pw \nXy\pw khm
cymanbpamb `Khms\ bPnphmWv imn ap
h . Fm km[IcpsSbpw A`n ]qn hcpp
h\pw \nXycn \nXy\pw ssNX\yfn ssNX \y\p
amb B IrjvWs\ app ]d ]oTn {]Xn jvTn
Ww. As\ Atls Anp h ]c a kn nv
A[nImcnIfmIpp. hnjvWphns ]c a ]Zcq]nep
Cu a{w \nXyhpw sNmpIbpw ]qPnpIbpw sNp
hv tKm]cq]nbmb IrjvW Xs ]c a]Zw s]sp
Xs ImnsmSppw.
6. tbm {_mWw hnZ[mXn ]qhw |
tbm hnZymkvXkvssa tbm]bXn kvaIrjvWx |
Xw l tZhm hrn {]Imiw |
apappssh icWaapw {htPXv |
HmwImtcWmcnXw tbm P]Xn |
tKmhnky ]]Zw a\pw Xw |
Xsskyhmku Zitb Zmcq]w |
Xkv ampap p c`ytkn Xyimssy |
GX kvamZt\y]]ZmZ`qh |
tKmhnky a\thm am\hm\mw |
ZimmZymkvtX A]n kw{I\mssZy
c`ykt `qanImssabYmhXv ||
krnpapv {_mhns\ krnv Atln\v
thZm\w \In Atl s smv kmaKm\w Be
]n nv kIe PohnIpw _pn{]Imiw \In hncm
Pn p `Khm Irjv Ws\ apapp icWw {]m]n
pp. `Khm tKmhns ] ]Zoa{w Hmw Imcw
tNv P]np km[I\v XmaknbmsX Atlns
Zi\ apmIpp. AXn\m kwkmc _n \nv
tamN\w B{Klnp km[ I \nXyimn mbn apI
fn kqNn na{w Xs P]nWw. Cu ]]Zoa {
n \np Xs bmWv ZimcmZn apa{ Dm
bn pXv. B Fma {fpw a\pjyv awKfw ssIh
cpphbmWv sFizcyw B{Klnp C{mZn tZhm
B a{ XsbmWv P]np sImncn pXv .
XtZXky kzcq]mw hmNm thZtbXn tX
]{]pkvXZp tlmhmN {_mWx A\hcXw tbm
[ymXkvXXx ]cammt tkm f _p[yX tKm]
thtjm ta ]ckvXmZmhn_`qh XXx {]WtXm
abm A\p Iq te\ lrZm aly am Zimw
kzcq]w krtb ZXzm AlnX CXn ]q\x
hnkr mta {]mZpc `qt jz tcjp `hn jyZv
PK{Zq]w {]ImibwkvXZml, A\pIqte\ lrZm
aly a m Z imw kz cq ]w krtb ZXz m
AlnX CXn BIm im Zmt]m PemXv ]rYzn
XtXm f n_ntmcnpx XXv kmZmZx CXn
owIm cm Z krPw Irjv Wm Zm Imiw JmZzm bpcn
XypcmXv kpc`n hnZym {]mZpcmIjw XZp
I K
N P
447
cmp kv{Xo]pamZn N CZw kIe anZw kIeanZ
anXn GX sskyh bPt\\ N{ ZztPm KXtam
lamm\w thZbntXzmwImcmc \mfnIw a\pam
h\w kwK c lntXm f Xym] X Zznjv tWm
]caw ]Zw kZm ]iyXn kqcbx ZnZoh Npcm
XXw Xkv am tZ Xn Xy a `y tk ZnXn XZm lptctI
bky {]Y a]ZmXv `qanZzmbpcamXv thymtaXn
sshjvWhw ] hymlrXnabw a{w IrjvWm
h`mkw ssIheykrssXy kXX amhtbZnXn
XZ{X KmYm
bky ]qh]ZmZv `qan
ZznXobmXv kentemhx |
XrXobmXv tXP DZv`qXw |
NXpmXv KhmN\x |
]amZw_tcmev]n |
XkvssathIw ka`ytkXv |
N{[ztPm f KaZznjvtWmx |
]caw ]Zahybw |
XtXm hnipw hnaew |
hntimIa tijtem`mZn
\nckvX kwKaw bZv |
]Zw ]]Zw XtZh k |
hmkptZthm \ btXm\yZkvXn ||
XtaIw tKmhnw knZm\ hn{Klw ]
]Zw hrmht\ kpc`qcplXemko\w kXXw ka
cpZvKtWm f lw ]cabm kvXpXy tXmjbman
{_mhv ]dp `Khms\ kvXpXnv Rms\s ]c
ambpv hn\ntbmKntm F\nv Atl ns tKm]
thj[mcnbmb cq]Zi\w e`np. Atlw F\nv Am
Zimc a{w D]tZin tijw krnv t{]cW
\In. Rm Cu a{nse "I' F Acm
Pesbpw "e' sImv ]rYznsbbpw "Cu' sImv An
sbbpw A\pkzmc m N{ s\bpw "ow' sImv kqcy
s\bpw krnp. a{nse cmw ]Zamb IrjvWmb
FXp sImv BImisbpw hmbphns\bpw tKmhn
mb FXpsImv Imat[ \phns\bpw thZsebpw
tKm]oP\ h`mb FXn\m kv {Xo ]pcpjmscbpw
krnp. HSphnes kzmlm F ]Zm NcmNc {]
]s krnp. Cu Amca{memWv ]v
N{[zPcmPmhv tamlclnX \mbn ]q amb Bm
\ n\v A[nImcnbmbno Xv. Cu a{m `Khm
IrjvWs tKmtemI[maw {]m]n m Ign bpw.
Cu a{w sImp kvXpXnpI.
cmw D] \njv
1. Hmw \tam hnizcq]mb |
hniznXy tlXth |
hntizizcmb hnizmb |
tKmhnmb \tam \ax ||
hnizcq]\pw hnizkrnnXnkwlmc tlXphpamb
tKmhn\v \akvImcw.
2. \tam hnm\cq]mb |
]cam\ cq]ntW |
IrjvWmb tKm]o\mYmb |
tKmhnmb \tam \ax ||
hnm\ cq]\pw ]c am\ cq]nbpamb tKmhn\v \a
kv Imcw.
3. \ax Iaet\{Xmb |
\ax Iaeament\ |
\ax Iae\m`mb |
Iaem]Xtb \ax ||
Ia e t\ {X\pw Ia e am enbpw Ia e \m ` \p amb
IrjvW\v \a kv Imcw.
4. _l]oUm`ncmamb |
cmambmIpWvT ta[tk |
camam\klwkmb |
tKmhnmb \tam \ax ||
abn ]oen b Wnh\pw cam am\ klw k\pamb
tKmhn\v \akvImcw.
5. Iwkhwihn\mimb |
tIinNmWqc LmXnt\ |
hrjZ`[zPhymb |
]mkmcYtb \ax ||
IwktIinNmWpcmZnIfpsS lmhpw ]mkmc
Ynbpamb IrjvW\v \akv Imcw.
6. thWphmZ\ioemb |
tKm]membmln ant\ |
ImfnoIpetememb |
teme Ipe[mcntW ||
thWp hm Z \ io e\pw Imfno Xoc im e \p amb
IrjvW\v \a kv Imcw.
I K
N P
448
7. hho\b\mw t`mP |
ames\ \rXyiment\ |
\ax {]WX]memb |
{ioIrjvWmb \tam \ax ||
{]WX]me\pw tKm]o at\mlc\pamb I\v \a
kv Imcw.
8. \ax ]m]{]mimb tKmh\ [cmb N |
]qX\mPohn Xmymb |
XrWmhky lmcntW |
]m] {]Wmi\pw XrWmhmZn lmhpamb
IrjvW\v \a kv Imcw.
9. \njvIfmb hntamlmb |
ipmbmip sshcntW |
AZznXobmb altX |
{ioIrjvWmb \tam \ax ||
\njv If\pw Aip sshcnbpwamb {ioIrjv W\v \a
kv Imcw.
10. {]koZ]cam\ |
{]koZ]ctaizc |
B[nhym[n `pPwtK\ |
Zw amapc {]t`m ||
{]kmZnpI. B[nhym[nIfmb km ISn
s Fs DcnpI.
11. {ioIrjvW cpIvanWoIm |
tKm]oP\a t\mlc |
kwkmc kmKtc aw |
amapc PKZv Kptcm ||
tl cpIvan WoIm, kwkmc kmKca\mb Fs
D cn tW.
12. tIih tilcW |
\mcmbW P\m\ |
tKmhn ]cam\ |
amw kapcam[hx ||
tilcW\mb P\m\, am[ h, Fs D cnp
tW.
AY sslhw kvXpXn`ncmcm[bman tX bqbw
XYm ]]Zw P]x {ioIrjvWw [ymbx kw
krXnw Xcn jy tY Xn. k tlmhmN ssNcWyx
Aapw ]]Zw a{amhtbZyx k bmXy\m
bmkXx tIhew XXv At\ P tZIw a\tkm
Photbm ss\Zthmx B]v \ph ]qhajZnXn
XkvamXv IrjvW Gh ]tcm tZhx Xw [ymtbw
ctkw `tPm `tPZntXymw XXv kZnXn CXyp
]\n jv .
ap\nt{ijvTmsc, Rm kvXpXnpXpt]mse Xs
\nfpw Cu a{m {ioIrjvWs\ Bcm[nv kwkmc
kmKcw XcWw sNphn. Cu a{w P]n p h `Km
hs ]ca]Zw {]m]npp. tZhXamv AhnsS hsc
Fm km[n n. AXn\m kZw Irjv Ws\s
[ym\nphn. a{P]m Atl ns \mamarXam
kzZnv hnapcmIphn.
tKm]meXm]n\yp]\njv kam]np.
Q
NXpthtZm]\njv
1
3
1. AYmtXm atlm]\njZtah bZml GtIm
l ssh \mcmbW BkoXv \ { _m \
Cuimt\m \m t]m\mn \ hmbpx t\taZymhm
]rYnho \ \{XmWn \ kqcyx k GImIo
\c Gh Xky [ym\mky eemSmXv tkz
tZm] f XXv Xmx Camx B]x Xm GtX t\m
lncWyab aw X{X {_m NXpaptJm PmbX
k]qhm`naptJm `qXzm `qcn Xn hymlrXn Kmb{Xo
Ox EtKz Zx ]n am`n aptJm `mXz m`qcn Xn
{XnjvSp`O bpthZ Dm`naptJm `qtXzm
`phcnXn hymlrXncm\pjvSp` Otm AYh thZx
CXn\v atlm]\njsp ]dbpp. Ghpw
I K
N P
449
BZyw GI\mb \mcmbW am{Xta Dmbncppffp.
{_mthm inht\m Hpw Dmbncpn. hmbpthm
]rYnhntbm BImitam \{Xtfm kqcyt\m Hpw
Dmbncpn. B GI\mb \c am{Xw. [ym\mhn
X\mb Atlns s\nbn \nv hnbsmgpIn.
AXmWv CmWp Pecmin. AsXpSv Aap
mbn.\mep apJtmSp IqSnb {_mhpmbn. Atlw
]qhm`napJ\mbn; `q F hymlrXn Kmb{Xn Opw
bpthZhpw Dmbn. Dm`napJ\mbn. `phx F
hymlrXnbpw PKXo Opw kmathZhpw P\np. Ah
km\w ZnWm`napJ\mbn PKZv F hylrZnbpw A\
jvSp]v Opw AYh thZhpw Dmbn.
1. kl{k iojw tZhw I
kl{kmw hniz kw`hw
hnizXx ]caw \nXyw I
hnizw \mcmbWw lcnw
2. hniztathZw ]pcpj I
Xw hnizap]PohtX I
Ejnw hntizizcw tZhw I
kap{Zw Xw hnizcq]nWw.
3. ]Zva tImi{]XoImiw I
ew_XymImikn`w I
lrZtbNm]yt[mapJw I
khIrXzmh XnjvTXn
4. Xkyat[y hm\ninJm I
AWotbm[zm hyhnX
k {_m k inthm hnjv Wp I
tkmcx ]cax kzcmSv
Bbncw incpIfpw Bbncw IpIfpw Dffh\pw
hnizns Dev ]n ImcWhpw kh{X hym]Ihpw
Bb lcn \mcmbW F \man {]kn\mWv.
Ejn kzcq]\pw {]]ns Imhpw kap{Zimbn
bpamb Atls B{ibnv temIw ]pecpp. Iae
tImin\p Xpeyw tim`mbam\hpw At[mapJhpamb
AXns a[yn \mep`mKpw hym]np An
Pzmebpv . B inJbpsS a[ynemWv ]cammhv \ne
sImffpXv . {_mshpw inhs\pw hnjvWpshpw
]dbpsXpw B Hcp ssNX\yamWv. AXv kzbw
{]Imihpw kzX{hpw kh ihpamIpp.
5. b Camw atlm]\njZw {_tWm f [otX
At{im{Xnb t{im{Xntbm `hXn A\p]\oXx
D]\o tXm `hXn tkmn ]q tXm `hXn k
hmbp]qtXm`hXn k kqcy]qtXm `hXn k tkma
]qtXm `hXn k kXy]qtXm `hXn kh thZ
mtXm `hXn kthjp Xotjp kv\mtXm
`hXn tX\ kssh {IXp `n cn jv Sw `hXn
CXnlmk ]pcmWm\mw kl{]mWm P]v Xm\n
`hn {]Whm\mabp Xw P]v Xw `hXn B
Npjx ]wn ]p\mXn B kv]vXamXv ]pcpjw
]p\mXn Pmt]y\ AayXXzw N KXn Aay XXzw
N KXn CXyml `Khm lncWy K`x
Cu atlm]\njv sNp {_mW At{im{Xn
b\msWn t{im{Xnb I ImWvU ]WvUnX\mbn
`hnpp. A\p]\oX\msWn D]\oX\mbn
`hnpp. Ah An ]hn{X\pw , hmbp]hn{X\pw,
kqcy]hn{X\pw tkma]hn{X\pw, kXy]hn{X\pambn
ncpp. Ahs\ kIe tZhmcpadnbpp. Ah
kIeXofnepw kv\m\w sNbvX ^eambn. Fm
bfp w \Sn bXn s ^ew In n . Ah
Adp]Xn\mbncw Dcp Kmb{Xn P]n ^eambn. Ah
CXnlmk ]pcmW At\I {]mhiyw hmbnp
Ignp. ]Xn\mbncw Dcp {]Whw P]np. tIhew
Zi\w sImv At\ImbncfpsS ]pWyw AIpp.
Ggp Xeapdbn s] hsc Ah Dcnpp.
\n bambp w Ah AarXXz w { ]m]n p sav
lncWyK` ]dp.
6. tZhm l ssh kzw temIambkvtX tZhm
Du[z _mlthm cp{Zw kvXphn `qkmhmZn\
[yw `phkvXp kzkvtX iojw hnizcqt]m fkn
{ _Ikv Xz m Zz n [m { Xn [m im\ykv Xz w
lpXalpXw ZaZw khakhw hn iz
ahnizw IrXaIrXw ]ca]cw ]mcmbWw N kzw
A]ma tkmaahrXm A`qamKtPymXnchn Zma
tZhm \a kzma [qt{hXw arXw ayw N
tkma kq cy]q hw PKn Xhm bZcw
{]mPm]Xyw tkmbw kqvaw {Kmlw {KmtlW
`mhw `mth\ kuayw kutay\kq v aw
kqv taW {Kkn Xw Xkv ssa alm{Kmkmb
\tam a\x I
tZhm kz temIn \nv hv ssI
Dbn cp{Zs\ kv XpXnpsImv ]dp AbpsS
BZn `qtemIhpw a[yhpw `qh temIhpw incv
kztmIhpamIpp. Av hnizcq]\mWv . Av
GIamb {_mamWv. Zznhn[hpw {Xnhn[hpw in
lpXhpamb tlma sNbv Xp. At\Iw \In,
\Inbn. khhpw, Akhhpw, hnizhpw, Ahnizhpw
\InbXpw \ImXpw kIeXpwAp Xs.
Rv tkmam]m\m AarXXzw e`ns.
tZhtZh, Av \akv Imcw. arXw AarXw kXyw
AkXyw khhpw Ap Xs. {Kmls {Kmlw
sImpw `mhs `mhwsImp kuays kuayw
I K
N P
450
sImpw kqvas kqaw sImpw B altPv
{KknXampp. alm {Kmksbpw {KknXamp B
]cammhn\v \akv Imcw.
NXpthtZm]\njv kam]np.
Nmptjm]\njv
1
3
AYmX Nmp aow ]Tn X kn hn Zymw
NptcmKlcmw hymJymkymax bptcmKm
kth \iyn Nptjm Zo]v Xn `hnjyXn
Xkymx Nmpjo hnZymb Aln _p[v\y Ejnx
Kmb{Xo Oxkq#v tbm tZhXm NqtcmK\n
htb Pt]mhn\ntbmKw Hmw Npx Npx
Npx tXPx ntcm `h amw ]mln ]mln.XzcnXw
Np tcmKm iab iabXaw PmX cq]w
tXtPmZibZib bYm f lw Atm\kymw
XYm Iev]b Iev]b IeymWw Ipcp Ipcp bm\n
aa ]qhPm tXm]mPnXm\n Npx {]Xntcm
[Zpjv IrXm\n khmWn \naqeb \naqeb
Xapkv tXtPmZmt{X Znhymb `mkv Icmb
Hmw \ax kqcymb Hmw \tam `KhtX kqcym
bmn tXPtk \ax Xatk \ax AktXmam
kXv Kab Xatkmam tPymXnKabartXymam
AarXwKab DjvtWm `Khm ipNncq]x b Camw
Npjv]tXmhn Zymw {_tWm \nXy a[otX
\ Xkymn tcmtKm \ `hXn \ XkyIpte
Atm `hXn Ajv Su {_mWm {KmlnbnXzm
hnZymknn `hXn
sNmpXpsImp am{Xw ^eknnhcp Nmp
jo hnZy hnhcnmw. Cu hnZy t\{X tcmKsf iann
pXmWv . t\{XfpsS tXPv hnnm {]tbm
P\sSpXpamWv . Aln_p[v\yXmWv. Cu hnZybpsS
Ejn, Ov, Kmb{Xn, tZhX, kqcy\pw. CXns hn\n
tbmKw t\{XtcmKia\n\mbnmIpp.
tl kqcytZh, Ap Npn Npns
tXPns ncamtW. Fs cntW. Fs
t\{XtcmKw thKn Xs ianntW. Xs
kzabamb tXPv F\nv ImnctW. Rm
A\mImXn cn m thXv sNtW. awKfw
sNtW. Fs Zi\ in \innm\nS hcpnb
GtXsXmw ]m]fptm Ahsbms \inntW.
t\{XtXtPm ZmbI\mb `Khm `mkv Ic\v \akvImcw.
IcpWmab\mb AarXkzcq]\v \akv Imcw. kqcytZh\v
\akv Imcw t\{Xn\v {]Imiw \Ip kqcy\mcmb-
W\v \akvImcw. IcpWmIc\pw A\rX\pw AntXP
pw tJNc\pw kXzcPkvXtamcq]\pamb kqcytZh\v
\akv Imcw. {]t`m, Fs Akn \nv kntev
\bnmepw. arXyphn \nv {]Imintev \bn
mepw. arXyphn \nv AarXntev \bnmepw
Djv W\mb `Khm ipNnkzq]\pw lwk\mb `Khm
ipNn{hXncq]\pamIpp.bmsXmcp {_mW\v Cu
Nmpjv aX hnZy \nXyhpw A[yb\w sNpp Ah\v
An tcmKw DmIpn. Ahs Ipen A\p
mIpn. Fp {_mWmsc ]Tnnm hnZymknn
`hnpp.
Hmw hnizcq]w LrWn\w PmXthZkw
lncWbw ]qcpjw tPymXncq]w X]w
hnizky tbm\nw {hX]ap{Kw
]pcx {]Pm\apZbtXyj kpcy
Hmw \tam `KhtX BZn Xymb Atlmhm
ln\ytlmhml\o kzmlm Hmw hbw kp]m
D]tkZpcn{w {]nbta[m Ejtbm \m[am\mx
A][zm ]qWw ln ItcmXp Npx tZhw
Xzmtah icWyw {]]tZy I
]pWvUcoImmb \ax I
]pjvItcWmb \ax I
AateWmb \ax I
IateWmb \ax I
hnizcq]mb \ax I
alm hnjv Wpth \ax I
Q
I K
N P
451
`Kh\mb kqcy knZm\ kzcq]\pw hnizm
I\p XsInWfm AXyw tim`nX\pw tPymXn
kzcq]\pw lncWvab PKns Dev]n m\hpw
]pcpjn Pzenph\pamWv As\bpff tXtPm
cq]\mb kqcy\v \akv Imcw. Bdp hn[nepff sFiz
cymepw k\mb `Khm kqcy\v \akv Imcw.
Atlns {]` Znhkn\v alXzw \Ipp.
kqcy`Khm\v R BlpXnI Ans. EjnI
t{ijvT]fpff ]nIsftmse Atlns
ASpsn {]mnpp:""`Khms\ Cu A-
Imcs ZqcnempI. Rsfmw Xtamab _\
ns]pgepp. Znhy{]Imiw \Inbmepw. ]pWvU
coIm\pw, ]pjvItcW\pw, AateW\pw, Iate
W\pw, hnizcq]\pw, almhnjv Wp kzcq]\pamb
Av \akv Imcw.
Nmptjm]\njv kam]np.
Q
imn ]mTw
Hmw B]ym bp aamw Km\n hmIv {]mW
px t{im{X atYm _ean{nbmWn N khmWn
khw {_tm]\njZw amlw {_ \ncmIpcymw
am am {_ \ncmItcmZ\n cIcWakvXz\ncmIcWw
ta f kvXp XZm\n \nctX b D]\njp [m
kvtX abn kp tX abn kp Hmw imnx imnx
imnx
Fs AwK ]pn {]m]ntW. hmv {]mW
t\{Xw t{im{Xw _ew C{nb Chbpw ]pn {]m]n
tW. CXv D]\njZp amb {_amWv . Rm AXns\
\ncmIcnmXncn tW. {_w Fs \ncmIcnmXncn
tW. F\npw {_ n\pw Xn At`Zyamb _w
DmIpamdmItW. Fn D]\njZpfmb [
\nesImtW. Hmw imnx imnx imnx
1. Zmt{Xtbm almtbmKo |
`Khm `qX `mh\x |
NXp`ptPm almhnjvWp |
tbmKn km{amPymZonXx ||
2. Xky intjym ap\nhcx |
kmwIrXn\ma `nam |
]{] KpcptaImt |
{]mRvPenbn h\nbm\znXx ||
3. `Kh {_qln ta bmKw |
kmmwKw k {]]Iw |
tb\ hnmXamt{XW |
Pohptm `hmaylw ||
4. kmwIrtX irWp hyman |
tbmKw kmmwK Zi\w |
ba \nbassh |
sshmk\ tah N ||
5. {]mWmbmakvX Ym{_ |
{]XymlmckvXXx ]cw |
[mcWm N XYm [ym\w |
kam[omIw apt\ ||
6. Alnwkm kXyakvtXbw |
{_Ncyw ZbmPhw |
am [rXnanXmlmcx |
iuNw ssNh bamx Zi ||
kIe PohnIfpsSbpw Dev]npw kwcW
n\p Imc W`qX\pw NXp_lphpamb `Khm hnjvWp
tbmKnbmb Zmt{X b\mbn AhXcn p. Atl ns
injy\mb kmwIrXn aljn Kpcp`\mbncpp. Hcp
Znhkw Atlw Zmt{Xbs\ ]cn Ncnv ssIIqn Adn
bnp. `Khms\ Fs AmwKtbmKw hnkvXcnv ]dp
tInWw. AX dnm F\nv Pohp \mIm
km[npw. Zmt{Xb ]dp. kmwIr Xn, Rm
AmwKtbmK Zi\w D]tZinmw. tbmKn baw,
\nb aw, Bk\w, {]mWmbmaw, {]Xymlmcw, [ym\w, [mc
W, kam[n Fv Fv AwKfpv. Chbn ban\v
]p hn`mKw `hn pp. kXyw, Alnw k, AkvtXbw,
Pm_meZit\m]\njv
1
3
I K
N P
452
Zb, BP hw, {_Ncyw, a, [rXn, anXmlmcw, _mly
hpw, A`ychpamb iuNw.
7. thtZmt\ {]ImtcW |
hn\m kXyw Xt]m[\ |
Imtb\ a\km hmNm |
lnwkmlnwkm \ Nm\yYm ||
8. Bm khKtXm f ttZym |
\ {Kmly CXn ta aXnx |
km Nmlnwkm hcm t{]mm |
apt\ thZm thZn`nx ||
9. NpcmZn{nssbZrw |
{ipXw {LmXw ap\oizcm |
Xsskythmn`thXv kXyw |
hn{] Xm\yYm `thXv ||
10. khw kXyw ]cw {_ |
\ Nm\yZnXn bm aXnx |
X kXyw hcw t{]mw |
thZmm\ ]mcssKx ||
11. A\yZotb XrtW cXvt\ |
Imt\ auntI f ]n N |
a\km hn\nhrnbm |
XZkvtXbw hnZp_p[mx ||
12. B\yp\m`mth\ |
hyhlmc hnhPnXw |
b ZkvtX b anXyp |
amhnZv`nalmatX ||
13. Imtb\ hmNm a\km |
kv{XoWmw ]cnhnhP\w |
EXu `mcymw XZm kzky |
{_Ncyw XZpNytX ||
14. {_`mth a\mcw |
{_Ncyw ]c] |
15. kzmhXv kh`qtXjp |
Imtb\ a\km Kncm |
A\pm km Zbm sskh |
t{]mm thZm thZn`nx ||
thtZm amb {]Im c sam gnsI a\km hmNm
IWm Bscsb nepw D]{ZhnpItbm Ahs {]mW
sf tZln \nv ths]SppItbm sNp ]w
AXpXs lnwk. CXn \n `nambn asmcp lnwk
bn. FmbnSp hym]nncnp Bmhns\ ikv {Xw
sImv apdnmt\m {Klnmt\m km[ya. thZmthZy
\mb al p Cs\ A`n{]mb sSpp. IpI
sImp IXpw sNhn sImp tIXpw aWnXpw
Asn A\p`qXhpamb hnjb s n HfnmsX ]d
bpXmWv kXyw. kXykz cq]\mb ]cammhp Xs
bmWv khm cq]vX Xn kXyw. ]c ammhn \n
`n ambn Hcp hkvXphpw kXyambnn. thZmm
kht{ijvTamb kXyw Fp ]dn pXpw AXp
Xs bmWv . A\ycpsS [\w cXv\w apv ]hngw kzw
XpSn sNdpXpw hepXpamb hkv Xpfn a\v {]th
in mXn cnp XmWv Akv tX bw. {]]nse kIe
hyhlmc enepw A\m _pntbmSpIqSn Ah Bm
hn \npw `namWv Fp am\np XmWv Akv tXbw.
Fv m\nI ]dbpp. a\km hmNm IWm \mco
kwK]cnXymKtam kz]Xv\nbn Xs EXpImep am{Xw.
[_pym kwKw sNpItbm BWv {_Ncyw.
Asn Ima t{Im[mZn Isf \nb{nv a\ ns\ ]cam
[ym\ n Xs ebnnpIbmWv kht{ijv Tamb
{_ Ncyw Fm PohnIfpw Xs tmsebmsWp IcpXn
a\p sImtm hmp sImtm icocw sImtm Ah
tbmSv Bob `mhw ImWnpIbmWv Zbbmbn thZm
thZnI ]dbp Xv.
16. ]pt{X ant{X Ift{X N |
cn]u kzm\n kXw |
GIcq]w apt\ b |
ZmPhw t{]mNy tX abm ||
17. Imtb\ a\km hmNm |
i{Xp`nx ]cn]oUntX |
_pntm`\nhnbm |
am km ap\n]pwKh ||
18. thZmtZh hn\ntamx |
kwkmcky \ Nm\yYm |
CXn hnm\ \njv]n |
[rXn t{]mm ln sshZnssIx |
Alamm \ Nmt\ymkvao |
tXyha{]NypXm aXnx ||
19. Aev ]armi\m`ymw N |
NXpmwim htijIw |
Xkv amtXymKm\pKptWy\ |
t`mP\w anX t`mP\w ||
]p{X If{Xw, i{Xp, an{Xw, Fnhcnepw kzmm
hnepw kam\ `mhw ImWnpIbmWv BPhw. i{Xp
I K
N P
453
aptJ\ a\psImtm hmp sImtm icocw sImtm
Fsnepw ]oU\ apmbm Nn nepw _pnbnepw
teiw t]mepw tm`w DmImXncnpIbmWv a. {]]
n PohnIv apn knnpXv thZm\pIqeyw
sImmWv. CXn \npw `nambn ad Asdmcp {]Imc
nepw apn InpIbns ZrV\nbsbmWv
m\nI [rXn Fv ]dbpXv. Xm BmhmsWpw
Bmhn \nv A\yambn Hpanspap ANe
hrn bmWv kthmXvIramb [rXn. kmXzn Iamb
Aw Aev]am{X bn IgnpI, hbdns ]IpXn `mKw
Aw sImp Im `mKw Pew sImpw \ndv Im
`mKw HgnnSp XmWv anXmlmcw. tbmKm\pIqeambXv anXm
lmc amWv .
20. kztZlae\ntmx |
arem`ymw almapt\ |
bZv LuNw `thZv _mlyw |
am\kw a\\w hnZx |
Alw ip CXn m\w |
iuNamlpa\ojnWx ||
21. AXyaent\m tZtlm |
tZlo NmXy\nex |
D`tbmccw mXzm |
Xky iuNw hn[obtX ||
22. m\ iuNw ]cnXyPy |
_mtly tbm catX \cx |
k aqVx Im\w Xyzm |
temjvTw KrlvWmXn kp{hX ||
23. m\martX\ Xr]vXky |
IrXIr Xyky tbmKn\x |
\ NmkvXn Inw NnXv Ihy |
akvXn tN k XXzhnZv ||
24. temI{Xtb f ]nIhyw |
InwNn mkvXy th Zn\mw |
25. XkvamXv kh{]bXvt\\ |
apt\ f lnwkmZn km[ss\x |
Bm\acw {_ |
hnn m\mp thZ\mXv ||
apsImtm shw sImtm icocw ]cnip am
pXmWv _mlyiuNw. kthmXv Ir amb iuNw
hnipmmhmsW `mh\ DsmpIbmWv . icocw
_mlyambpw BcoIambpw aen\amWv. Fm tZl
[mcnbmb Bmhv Ghpw ipamWv. tZl n\pw Bm
hn\pw Dnep m\w ssIhm ]ns ]cnip
amms\mpan. m\ns ]cnipn ssIshSnv
_mlyipnbn {`ap hyn kzw Dt]nv
aI B{Klnp aqV\v Xpey\mWv. m\marX
Xr]vX\mb tbmKnv Cu temIn Hpw Xs
sNm Ahtijnnn. As\bp tbmKn XXzm
\nbmWv. Bm\n Ifmb almmv aqp temI
nepw Hpw sNt Xmbnn. AXn\m apt\ Xm
Alnw kmZn km[\ Ifm A\p`hm\w t\Sn Cu
Bmhv {_kzcq]hpw Ahn\minbpamsWv [cnpI.
cmw Jw
1. X]x ktmjamkvXnIyw |
Zm\aoizc ]qP\w |
knm{ihWw ssNh |
{loaXn Pt]m {hXw ||
2. GtX N \nbamx t{]mm |
kvXm hyman {IamXv irWp ||
3. thtZmt\ {]ImtcW |
Ir{Nm{mbWmZn`nx |
icoctimjWw b Xv |
X]anXypNytX _pss[x ||
4. tIm hm tamx IYw tX\ |
kwkmcw {]Xn ]hm |
CXymtem I\ am
kvX]x iwkn ]nXm ||
5. bZrmem`tXm \nXyw |
{]oXnbm PmbtX \rWmw XXv ktmjw
hnZpx {]mm
]cn mss\IXXv]cmx ||
6. {_mZntemI]cymXv |
hncym bt`Zv {]nbw |
kh{X hnKX kvt\lx |
ktmjw ]caw hnZpx ||
7. {iutX N kvamt N hnizmtkm |
b ZmkvXnIyapNytX |
\ymbmPnX[\w {imt |
{ibm sshZntI Pt\ |
A\yZv hm bZv {]Zobt |
XZv Zm\w t{]mNytX abm ||
X]v, ktmjw, BkvXnIyw, Zm\w, e, aXn
P]w, {hXw, Cuizc]qP, knm {ihWw ChbmWv
]p \nba. thZhnXamb IrNm{nbWmZn {hX
fm icocw oWnnpXv X]mWv . tam em`
I K
N P
454
s nbpw Bmhn\v kwkmc _\w s]Sp Xn\p
Imc Ws nbpw NnnpXv X]mIpp. Cuiztc
b \pkcnv FpInnbmepw AXn ktmjhpw {]k
Xbpw DmIpXv ktmjw. kIeXnepw A\mk
\mb {_mZn tZhtemI]cyap kpJ fn hncn
bpmhpIbpw Fnpw a\v {]kambncnpIbpw
sNp AhbmWv t{ijvT amb ktmjw thZ
fnepw kvarXnIfnepw ]db s np [n ZrVamb
BmthmsS hnpI BkvXnIyw [\w XpSnb
BhiyhkvXp ZpxJnXcmb thZtm Da
mtm sImSppXv Zm\w.
8. cmKmZyt]Xmw lrZbw |
hmKZpm\rXmZn\m |
lnwkmhnclnXw I |
bZoiz c]qP\w ||
9. kXyw m\a\w N |
]cm\w ]cw {[phw |
{]XyKn XyhKhyw |
thZ{ihWw _p[mx ||
10. thZeuInIamtjp |
IpnXw IbZv `thXv |
Xkvan `hXn bm em |
{lox sskthXn {]IonXm |
sshZntIjp N kthjp |
{im bm km aXn `thXv ||
11. KpcpWm tNm]Zntm f ]n |
X{X kw_hcnPnXx |
thtZmtss\h amtW |
a{m`ymtkm P]x kvarXx ||
12. Iev]kqt{X XYm thtZ |
[imkvt{X ]pcmWtI |
CXnlmtk N hrnbm |
k P]x t{]mNytX abm ||
hmKvtZmjw AkXy`mjWw apX emb tZmj fn
\npw AIv hnip hmv tcmKmZnhnap amb lrZbw
lnwk {IqcX XpSnbh CmIw FnhbmWv
Cuizc]qP\w. Bmhv kXyhpw m\ kz cq]hpw
kthmXvIrhpw \nXyhpw A\ hpw A cymanbpam
Wv . Cu knmw \nc cw {ihnv AXn\p tbmPnv \ne
bn hnizknp XmWv knm {ihWw. euInIam
fn khkXamb I A\pjvTn p Xn
kzm`mhnIambnpmIp ktmNamWv e. Kpcp m
cpsS A\paXn e`nmepw thZhncpam Ahew
_nmsX thtZmfmb D]tZifn ]q{i
Dmbn cnp XmWv aXn. thtZm hn[n {]Imcw hop
hopap a{P]amWv. P]w. thZ setmse Xs
[ imkv{X fnepw ]pcmtWXnlmkfnepw a\v \nc
cw apgpIn bncnp XmWv Fs A`n{]mb n P]w.
13. P]kvXp Zznhn[x t{]mtm |
hmNntIm am\kkvXYm ||
14. hmNntIm]mwipcpss |
Zznhn[x ]cnIonXx |
am\tkm a\\[ym\ |
t`ZmXv ssZzhn[yam{inXx ||
15. DssP]mZp]mw ip |
kl {kKpWapNytX |
am\k XtYm]mwtimx |
kl{k KpWapNytX ||
16. DssP] kthjmw |
btYm^etZm `thXv |
\ossNx t{imt{XW tN{ |
{ipX t njv^ew `thXv ||
cp hn[ n emWv P]w. Hv am\knI P]w, atXv
hmNnI P]w. hmNnI P]hpw cp hn[apv. Hv Dw,
atXv D]mwip. AXpt]mse am\ knI cq]hpw cphn[
apv. H\v\v a\\w, atXv [ym\w. Db kzcn
sNsSp P]tm D]mwipP]n\v Bbncw
aSv t{ijvTXzapv . Fm a{ \oNhynIfn
\nv {ianm ^eanmXmIpw.
aqmw Jw
1. kzkvXnIw tKmapJw ]Zvaw |
hocknw lmkt\ XYm |
`{Zw apmk\w ssNh |
abqcmk\tah N ||
2. kpJmk\kamJymw N |
\haw ap\n]pwKh |
Pm\qthmctc IrXzm |
kayIv ]mZXte Dt` ||
3. ka{Kohiocx Imbx |
kzkvXnIw \nXya`ytkXv |
kthy ZnWKp^w Xp |
]rjvT]mtiz \ntbmPtbXv ||
4. ZntW]n XYm khyw |
tKmapJw XXv {]NtX |
I K
N P
455
AwKpjvTmh[n KrlvWobmXv |
lkvXm `ymw hypXv{ItaW Xp ||
5. Duthmcp]cn hnt]{ |
IrXzm ]mZX eZzmbw |
]mk\w `thXv {]m |
kchtcmK`Zbm]lw ||
6. ZntWXc ]mZw Xp |
ZntWmcpWn hn\ytkXv |
EPpImb kamkot\m |
hock\ap ZmlrXw ||
7. Kp^u Xp hrjWkym[x |
kohn\ymx ]miztbmx nt]Xv |
]miz ]mZu N ]mWn`ymw |
ZrVw _[zm kp\new |
`{Zmk\w `thtZX ZznjtcmKx hn\mi\w ||
8. \n]oUy koh\ow kqvaw |
ZntWXc Kp^Xx |
hmaw bmtZy\ Kpt^\ |
apmk\ anZw `thXv ||
9. ta{VmZp]cn \nn]y |
khyw Kp^w XtYm]cn |
Kp^mcw N kwn]y |
apmk\ anZw apt\ ||
10. Iqtct{K ap\nt{ijvT |
\nn t]m`n]miztbmx |
`qaymw ]mWnXe Zzzw |
\nnss]yIm{K am\kx ||
11. kapX incx ]mtZm |
ZhXv thymav \n kwnXx |
abqcmk\ taXZvkymXv |
kh]m]{]Wm i\w ||
12. tb\ tI\ {]ImtcW |
kpJw ss[cyw N PmbtX |
XXv kpJmk\anXyp |
aikvXXv kam{itbXv ||
13. Bk\w hnPnXw tb\ |
PnXw tX\ PK{bw |
At\\ hn[n\mbpw |
{]mWmbmaw kZm Ipcp ||
apt\, Bk\ H]Xp hn[ amWv. kzkv Xymk\w,
tKmapJm\w ]Zvamk\w, hncmk\w, knwlmk\w, _{Zm
k\w, apXmk\w, abqcmk\w, kpJmk\w ChbmWv
Ah. appIfpsSbpw XpSIfpsSbpw at[y cp ImepIfpw
icnbmb coXnbnshv Igpv, Xe, tZlw, Fnh kam
\ `mth\ [cnpXv kzkvXnIm\w. Cu Bk\w \nXyhpw
A`yknm {]bmkapmhn . heXpIm apns\ CS
Xp`mKs ]rjvT`mKw hsc sImpt]mhpIbpw CSXp
Imense appIsf heXp`mKs ]rjvT`mKw hsc
sImpt]mIpIbpw sNbvXm tKmapJmk\amWv . cp
]mZfpw cp XpS Ifnepw ho]coXKXnbn shv Ah
bpsS X hn cepIsf cp ssII sImav Spw ]nd In
IqSn ]nSnp sImn cnpXv ]mk\amWv . CXv kh
tcmKw `bhpw iannp XmWv. CSXp Im hep XpS
bn shv, icocw \nhnshv, Ccnp XmWv hocm
k\w. cp appIsfbpw taVyn\p Xmsgbmbn ]miz
fn shv cp Icemepw ]miz`mKsbpw ]mZ
sfbpw ZrVambn _nv CcnpXmWv `{Zmk\w.
CXv hnjkw_n Ifmb tcmK \innpXmWv.
koh\n bnep eLphmb tcJsb heXpIm appsIm
an hes appsImv CSs Xns\ Aap
XmWv apmk\w. DwssII cpw `qanbn shv
ssIappIfpsS A{K`mKsf \m`n bpsS Ccp]miz
fnepw m]nv incpw ImepIfpw s]mn BImin
hSn t]mse nXn sNpXmWv abqcmk\w. CXv kh
]m]lcamIpp. icoc n\v kpJw e`n hn[w
ss[cyambn CcnpXmWv kpJmk\w. Zp_ecmb
km[mc Wmv Cu Bk\w kzoIcnmw. Fm Bk
\fpw Daamb coXnbn A\pjvTnm Ignbp
hv {XntemIsbpw Pbnm Ignbpw. tbmK[mc Wm
bp \mbn Xm kZm {]mWmbmaw sNpI.
\memw Jw
1. icocw XmhtZh kymXv |
jhXywKpemIw |
tZlat[y inJnm\w |
X]vXPmw_q\ Z{]`w ||
2. {XntImWw a\pPm\mw Xp |
kXybpw ln kmwIrtX |
KpZmp ZzywKpemZp[zw |
taVymp ZzywKpemZ[x ||
3. tZla[yw ap\nt{]m |
a\pPm\oln kmwIrtX |
Im\w ap\nt{ijvT |
aqem[mcm hmwKpew ||
I K
N P
456
4. NXpcwKpeambma |
hnkvXmcw ap\n]pwKh |
IppSmkamImcw |
`qjnXw Xp XzKmZn`nx ||
5. Xt[y \m`ncnXypw |
tbmKssap\n ]pwKh |
Ia[ynXm \mUo |
kpjpavt\Xn {]IonXm ||
6. XnjvTn ]cnXkvXky |
\mtUym ln ap\n]pwKh |
Zznk]vXXn kl{kmWn |
Xmkmw apJymXpZi ||
7. kpjpan\m, ]nwKfm, XZz |
ZnUm, ssNh kckzXo |
]qjm, N hcpWm, ssNh |
lkvXn Pnlzm, bikzn\o ||
8. Aew _pkm, Iplq, ssh |
hntizmZcn, X]kzn\o |
iwJn\o ssNh Kmmcm |
CXn apJymXpZi ||
9. Bkmw apJymkvXn{kkv{Xntjz
tImtamam
{_\mUoXn km t{]mm |
apt\ thZmthZn`nx ||
10. jjvTa[yntX\mm |
hoWZt\ kp{hX |
kl akvXI ]cyw |
kpjpav\m kp{]XnjvTnXm ||
a\pjyicocw AhchcpsS ssIsmfm
sXmqmdv AwKpeamWv . icoc a[ynemWv An bpsS
m\w AXns \ndw I\en Imnb kzXpeyam
Wv. {XntImWmIrXnbmWXn\v. Rm ]dbpXv icn bm
Ipp. KpZw apX cwKpew Xmsg nXnsNp
`mKs icoc ns a[y`mKsap ]d bWw. AXp Xs
aqem[mcw. AhnsS \npw H]XwKpew apIfn Iw
\nesImpp. AXns \ofhpw hoXnbpw \mewKpew
hoXamWv AXns BIrXn tImgnapbvp kaw. AXv
]pdsa sXmen sImpw apw s]mXnncnpp. Im
\ n\v \SpmWv \m`n. I at[ynXn sNp
\mUnsb kpjpav\m \mUn Fp ]dbpp. AXns \mep
`mKpw Fgp]ocmbncw \mUn Ifpv. Ahbn
kpjpav\, ]nwKf, CU, kckz Xn, ]qjmhcpW, lkv Xn,
Pnlz, bikzn\n, Aew_pk, Iplp, hntizmZcn, ]bkzn
\n, iwJn \o, Kmmc Fo ]Xnmep \mUnI apJyam
sWv . Cu ]Xnmep \mUnIfn aqsw Fmnepw
apJyamWv . Cu aqp \mUn Ifn kpjpav\ F \mUn
kht{ijv TamWv . apXpIns a[y`mKmbn n sNp
tacp Zw AnIfpsS kaqlw Xs. AXn
\npw ]pd s Sp kpjpav\m \mUn incphsc \op
InSp XmWv .
11. \m`nImZ[x m\w |
IpeymZzywKpew apt\ |
A{]IrXncq]m km |
Ipeo ap\n ka ||
12. bYmhZzmbptNmw N |
UPemmZo\n \nXyix |
]cnXx I]mtizjp |
\ncpssyh kZm nXm ||
13. kzaptJ\ kamthy |
{_c {apJw apt\ |
kpjpav\mbm CUm kthy |
ZntW ]nwKem nXm ||
14. kckzXo Iplqssh |
kpjpav\m ]miztbm ntX |
Kmmtcm lkvXn Pnlzm N |
CUmbmx]rjvT]miztbmx ||
15. ]qjm bikzn\o ssNh |
]nwKem jjvT]qhtbmx |
Iptlm lkvXn Pnlzmbmx |
at[y hntizmZco nX ||
16. bikzn\ym Iptlmat[y |
hcpWm kp{]XnjvTnXm |
]pjmbm kckzXym |
at[y t{]mm bikzn\o ||
17. Kmmcmbm kckzXym |
at[y t{]mm N iwJn\o |
Aew _pkm nXm ]mbp |
]cyw Ia[ybm ||
18. ]qh`mtK kpjpav\mbmx |
cmImbmx kwnXm Iplqx |
A[tm[zw nXm \mUo |
bmay \mkmanjytX ||
I K
N P
457
19. CUm Xp \hy\mkmw |
kwnXm ap\n]pwKh |
bikzn\o N hmaky |
]mZmwKpjvTmanjytX ||
20. ]qjm hmamn]cym |
]nwKembmkv Xp ]rjvTXx |
]bkzn\o N bmayky Imw t{]mNytX
_pss[x
21. kckzXo XYm tNm[z |
KXm Pnlzm XYm apt\ |
lkvXn Pnlzm XYm khy |
]mZmwKpjvTm anjytX ||
22. iwJn\o \ma bm \mUo |
khyIm anjytX |
Kmmcm khyt\{Xmm |
t{]mm thZm thZn`nx |
hntizmZcmZn[m \mUo Iat[y hyhnXm ||
\m`o In \nv cw Kpew Xmsg A {]IrXn
tbmSp IqSnb Ipen\n nXn sNpp. AXv hmbp
tN sbbpw Pem sfbpw Ahtcm[np sImp kZm
Ins cp hisfbpw adv {_ck apJs
kzapJ m adv \nesImpp. kpjpav\m \mUnbpsS
CSXp `mKv CUbpw heXp `mKv ]nwKfbpw kpjp
av\ bpsS cp hifnepw kc kzXnbpw Iplphpw \nsIm
pp. CUbpsS ]pdIn Kmmcbpw ]qh`mKv
lkvXn Pnlzbpw Iplphn\pw lkvXn Pnlzpw at[y
hntizmZcnbpw \nesImpp. X]kzn\npw Iplphn\pw
at[y hcpWm \mUnbpw ]pjmhn\pw kc kzXnpw at[y
]b kzn\nbpw Kmmc kc kzXn FnhbpsS at[y iwJn
\nbpw nXn sNpp. \m`nI ns a[y`mKp
\npw KpZw hsc Aew_pk F \mUn t]mbnpv.
kpjpav\v cmIm Fp t] Dv AXns ]qh`mK
mbn Iplp F \mUn Xmsgbpw apIfnepw nXn
sNpp. AXv hes \mknImc{w hsc \op InS
pp. CUm \mUn CSs \mknImc{w hsc bmWv.
bikzn\o \mUn heXpImens Xhnc hscbpw ]qjm
F \mUn ]nwKfbpsS ]pd In IqSn heXp Ip
hscbpw hym]nn cn pp. ]bkzn\n heXp sNhn
hscbpw kc kzXn apIfn \mp hscbpw lkv Xn Pnlz
CSXp Imens Xhnc hscbpw hym]nncnpp.
iwJn\n F \mUn CSs Ip hscbpw t]mbnpv.
hntizmZc sa \mUn \m`n Ins a[y`mKmbn
nXn sNpp.
23. {]mtWm]m\kvXYm hym\x |
kamt\mZm\ Gh N ||
24. \mKx Ip IrItcm |
tZhZtm [\RvPbx |
GtX \mUojp khmkp |
Ncn Zi hmbhx ||
25. tXjp {]mWmZbx ] |
apJym ]kp kp{hX |
{]mW kwkvX Ym]m\x |
]qPyx {]mWkvXtbmapt\ ||
26. Bky\mknItbmat[y |
\m`nat[y XYm lrZn |
{]mWkwPv tVm f \ntem\nXyw |
htX ap\nka ||
27. A]mt\m htX \nXyw |
KpZa[ycpPm\pjp |
DZtc IIte ISymw |
\m`u PwtL N kp{hX ||
28. hym\x t{im{Xmnat[y N |
IIpZv `ymw Kp^tbmc]n |
{]mWmt\ Ktf ssNh |
hv tX ap\n]pwKh ||
29. DZm\ kwtm hntbx |
]mZtbm lkvX tbmc]n |
kam\x khtZtljp |
hym]yXnjvTXy kwibx ||
30. \mKmZn hmbhx ] |
XzKymZnjp kwnXx |
\nizmtkmzmkImkm |
{]mWI lnkmwIrtX |
A]m\mJyky hmtbmkvXp |
hoaq{XmZn hnk\w ||
{]mW, A]m\, hym\, kam\, DZm\, \mKw,
Iqw, IrIcw, tZhZw, [\ Rv Pbw Fo ]p hmbp
kh\mUnIfnepw k cnp sImncnpp. Ah
bn {]mW XpSnb Ap hmbp {][m\ amWv.
{]mW\pw A]m\\pamWv IqSpX al Xzw. {]mWm]m\
apJpw aqns a[y`mKpw \m`nbnepw lrZb
nepw kZm Ignbpp. A]m\ KpZw D]w XpS apv
DZcw ISn {]tZiw \m`n Fnhbn nsNpp.
hym\ sNhnIfnepw IpI fnepw kv Inepw nXn
I K
N P
458
sNpp. DZm\ icocw apgph\pw hym]nncnpp.
\mKw XpSnb Ap hmbp Nnepw An
apXembhbnepw nXn sNpp. izmtkmzmkhpw
Imkhpw {]mWhmbphns IfmWv. aeaq{Xhn
k\mZnI A]m\s {]h \ fmWv .
31. kam\x khkmao]yw |
ItcmXn ap\n]pwKh ||
32. DZm\x Du[zKa\w |
ItcmtXyh \ kwibx |
hymt\m hnhmZ IrXv t{]mtm |
apt\ thZm thZn`nx ||
33. DZvKmcmZn KpWm t{]mmx |
hy\mJyky almapt\ |
[\RvPbky tim`mZn |
It{]mw ln kmwIrtX ||
34. \naoe\mZnIky |
p[m Xp IrIcky N |
tZhZky hnt{] |
X{oI {]IonXm ||
36. kpjpav\mbm inthm tZhx |
CUmbm tZhXm lcnx |
]nwKfmbmx hncnnx kymXv |
kckzXym hncmSv apt\ ||
36. ]pjm[ntZhXm t{]mm |
hcptWm hmbp tZhXm |
lkv XnPnlzmZn[mbmkv Xp |
hcptam tZhXm `thXn ||
37. X]kzn\ym ap\n t{ijvT |
`Khm `mkvIc kvXYm |
Aew _pkmbm Aw_mm |
hcpWx ]cnIonXx ||
38. Iptlm pthXm t{]mm |
Kmmco N{tZhXm |
imJn \y {amkvXZzXv |
]bkzn\ymx {]Pm]Xn ||
kam\s IrXyw icocw kam\\nebn \ne
\npIsb XmWv . DZm\ kZm apIfntemv Kanpp.
hym\ [z\n hyRvPIamWv. DZvKmcmZn KpW \mKn
sXmWv. [\RvPb icoc tim` hfpp. Iq
ns t{]c WbmemWv t\t{Xmoe\w \Sp Xv. IrI
chmbp hnipw Zmlhpw Dmpp. tZhZns
IrXyw BekyamWv. kpjpav \m \mUn bpsS tZhX i
c\pw CUbpsSXv hncmpw BIpp. ]qjm\mUnbpsS
tZhX ]qjmhv Fp t]cp kqcy\pw hcpW \mUnbpsS
tZhX hmbphpw lkvXn Pnlz bpsSXv hcpW\pw bikzn
\n bp tSXv `mkv I c\pw Aew _ bp tSXv hcp W\pw
KmmcnbptSXv N3\pw Iplphn sXv ppw iwJn
\nbpsSXv N{\pw ]bkzn\n bpsSXv {]Pv]Xnbpw BWv.
39. hntizmZcm`n[mbmkvXp |
`Khm ]mhIx ]Xn |
CUmbmw N{am \nXyw |
Nc tXyh almapt\ ||
40. ]nwKfmbmw chnkvXZzXv |
apt\ thZhnZmw hc |
]nwKfmbmanUmbmw Xp |
hmtbmx kw{IaWw Xp bXv |
41. XZpcmbWw t{]mw |
apt\ thZm thZn`nx |
CUmbmw ]nwKembmw Xp |
{]mW kw{IaWw apt\ ||
42. ZnWmba\nXypw |
]nwKembmanXn {ipXn |
CUm ]nwKftbm knw |
bZm {]mWx kamKX ||
43. Aamhmkym XZm t{]mm |
tZtl tZl `rXmw hc |
aqem[mcw bZm {]mWx |
{]hnx ]ntXma ||
44. XZmZyw hnjphw t{]mw |
X]sskkv Xm ]tkm a |
{]mWkwtmap\nt{ijv T |
aq[m\w {]hntiZyZm ||
45. XZyw hnjphpw t{]mw |
Xm]sskkv XXzNn ssIx |
\nmtkmzmk\w khw |
amkm \mw kw{Itam `thXv ||
46. CUmbmx Ipenm\w |
bZm {]mWx kamKXx |
tkma{KlW anXypw |
XZm XXz hnZmw hc ||
47. bZm ]nwKfbm {]mWx |
Ipenm\amKXx |
XZm XZm `thXv kqcy{KlWw ap\n]pwKh ||
I K
N P
459
AnbmWv hntiz Zc F \mUn bpsS tZhX. CUm
\mUn bn N{\pw ]nwKfbn kqcy\pw \nXyhpw kn
cvIpIp. ]nwKf CUm Fo \mUnIfpsS kwhc
kw_nbmbv {]mWa bkqcys kw{IaWs bmWv
thZmn I #pcmb Wsav ]dbpXv AXpt]mse
CUbn \npw ]nwKfbn tep kqcys k{Ia
Ws ZnWmb \ sav ]dbpp. {]mW, CU, ]nwKf
FnhbpsS knbnseptm icoc n Xs
Aamhmkn hcpp. {]mW aqe[mc n {]thin p
tm AXv AnahnjphtbmKn nXn sNp
shv ]dbpp. Fm Dzmk \nizmkfpw amk kw{Im
nbmsWv ]db sncnpp. CU aptJ\ {]mW
Ip en\o m\ s ptm N{ {Kl Wkab sav
]dsSpp. Fm ]nwKf\mUnbn \npw {]mW
Ip en\nbn hcptm AXv kqcy{Kl WamWv .
48. {io]hXw incxmt\ |
tIZmcw Xp e emStI |
hmcmWko alm{]mPvV |
{`pthm{LmWky a[yta ||
49. Ipcpt{Xw IpN mt\ |
{]mbKw lrXv ktcmcptl |
NnZw_cw Xp lrt[y |
B[mtc Ihemebw ||
50. BXow kaprPy |
_lnkvXom\n tbm {htPXv |
Icw k almcXv\w Xyzm ImNw
hnamtX
51. `mhXow ]cw Xow |
{]amWw khIkp |
A\yYmenKtX Imm |
A\yYmenwKtX kpXm ||
52. Xom\ntXmb]qWm\n |
tZhm ImjvTmZn \nnXm |
tbmKnt\m \ {]]qPyt |
kzm{]Xyb ImcWmXv ||
53. _lnkvXomXv ]cw Xo |
akvXow almapt\ |
BXow almXow |
A\yow \ncIw ||
54. NnaKXw ZpjvSv w |
Xokv\mss\\ ipyXn |
iXtim]n Psse[uXw |
kpcm`manhmipNn |
55. hnjphmb\ Im tejp |
{KltW Nmtc kZm |
hmcmWkymZntI mt\ |
kv\mXzm iptm `thcx |
56. m\tbmK]cmWmw Xp |
]mZ{]mf\w Pew |
`mhipyam\w |
Xow ap\n]pwKh |
inc n {io ssiesa Xohpw s\nbn tIZm
cXohpw aqn\pw ]pcnIpw at[y hmcmW
knbpw kvX\Zzbm\v Ipcpt{Xhpw lrZba[y
n NnZw_cXohpw aqem[mcn Ihemeb
Xohpw nXn sNpp. B Xow khXo
nepw t{ijvTamWv. Cu Xo ssIhnv _mly
Xo fn Aebp a\pjy ssIbnencnp
cXv \w Ifv ImNw At\zjnph\mWv. `mhab
XoamWv kthmXvIrjv S Xow `mcysbbpw ]p{Xn
sbbpw BenwK\w sNpsa nepw BenwK\nse `mh
n Acap tm. tbmKnIv B Xon
hnizm kap XpsImv Ah Pe ab Xo fn
kv \m\w sNpItbm Iv, acw, apXembh sImv Xo
{]XnaI ]qPnpItbm sNpn. B Xons
apn ap Zo shdpsX bmWv . icoc n\pnse
ZqjnNnw _mlyXofn a\w sNbvXXp
sImp am{Xw ipamIpn. aZyw \nd IpSw F{X
{]mhiyw ]pdsa IgpIn bmepw ZpKap amhn. ico
cn Xs hnjphtbmKhpw D cmb WZn Wmb\
kqcy{Kl Whpw N{{KlWhpw \Spp. aqn
\pw ]pcnIn\pw aty nXn sNp hmcmWkn apX
emb Xofn _mh\tbmsS kv\m\w sNbvXm a\p
jy\v ]cnipn e`npw. m\nIfpsS AxIcW
ipnv m\ tbmKXvev]ccmb tbmKnIfpsS Imep Ign
Inb shw anI XoamWv.
57. Xot Zmt\ Xt] bt |
ImjvtT ]mjmWtI kZm |
inhw ]iyXn aqVmm |
inthtZtl {]XnjvTntX ||
58. Aw amw ]cnXyPy |
_lnjvTw bkv Xp tkhtX |
lkvXw ]naprtPy |
entlXv Iqcam\x ||
59. inham\n ]iyn |
{]Xnamky \ tbmKn\x |
Am\mw `mh\mmb |
{]Xnam ]cnIev]nXm ||
I K
N P
460
60. A]qha]cw {_ |
kzmm\w kXyaZzbw |
{]m\L\ am\wbx |
]iyXn k ]iyXn ||
61. \mUo]pRv Pw kZmkmcw |
\c`mhw almapt\ |
kapp Pym\mm\ |
alantXyh [mcb ||
62. Aicocw icotcjp |
almw hn`qanizcw |
B\acwkmmXv |
aXzm [otcm \p timNXn ||
63. hnt`ZP\tI mt\ |
\t m\ _empt\ |
Bt\m {_tWm t`Z |
akw Inw IcnjyXn ||
awKfcq]nbmb Cuizc Cu icoc n Xs
nXnsNpp. Atls Adnbm Am\n
Xow Pew bw hndIv Iv Fnhbn ]cmm
hns\ tXSpp. ]cmmhmb Fs hncv tIhew qe
]v Xn aIsf ]qPnp Poh ssIbnencnp `Ww
ssIhnv ssIappI \pp. tbmKnI Xs Bm
hn Xs ]c ammhns\ Zknpp. {]XnaIfn Zin
pn. hnm\nIfpsS lrZb n `Khms `mh
\sb DWn Ah aptJ\ Ahv `Khm\n hnizmkw
P\nnpIbmWv hn{Kl fpsS eyw `n ImcyImc W
Cm h\pw {]m\ L\ kzcq]\pw AZznXob\pw
kXym\ kzcq]hpamb {_s kzw Bmhmbn
ImWp h\pw BWv bYmn ImWp Xv. a\pjy
icocw \mUohyqlw am{Xw. AXv kmcap X. AXnt\m
Sp B `mhw hnv ]cmmhv Rm Xs. F hnizm
ktmsS icoc n \nhknpsnepw, AXn
\nsmw `n ambn al mWv Bm hv , AXv
Fmhpw \mY\mWv. B\ kzcq]amb B Aac
{_s Adnbp h\v Hcnepw ZpxJapmhn. apt\,
t`Zapfhmp Am\w \inptm GIXp aqV
\mWv Bmhn\p {_n\p Xnep anYym t`Zs
]cnKWnpXv?
Amw Jw
1. kayIv IYb ta {_ |
\mUoipZ[nw kamkXx |
bYm ipym kZm [ymb |
Pohptm `hmarlw ||
2. kmwIrtX irWp hyman |
\mUoipnw kamkXx |
hn[ypI kwbpx |
Imakev ]hPnXx ||
3. bamZrmw Kkwbpx |
imx kXy]cmbWw |
kzm\yhnXx karKv |
m\n`n kpinnXx ||
4. ]hXmt{K \ZoXotc |
_nez aqte ht\Yhm |
at\mcta ipNu tZti |
aTw IrXzm kamlnXx ||
5. Bc`y Nmk\w ]mXv |
{]mMv aptJmZMv ap tJm ]nhm |
ka{Kohincx Imbx |
kwhrXmkyx kp\nex ||
{_m, \mUoipn Fs\ bmWv km[nt
sXv F\nv ]dp XcpI. AXdnm F\nv \mUo
ipnssIhXn \ptijw kZm ]cammhns\ [ym\nv
Pohpmh {]m]nm Ignbpw. Fv kmwIrXn ]d
tm Zmt{Xb ]dp. \mUoipn ssIhcnt
Xns\ n Rm Npcpn ]dbmw. imkv {X thXv
hn[nnpv. Im\pjvTm\ XXv]cambn _pn hlnp
I. Ima\IfpsSbpw ^efpsSbpw BImw shSnb
Ww. AmwKtbmKw ssIhcnv a\v imamWw.
kXyw ]db Ww. m\nIfmb almmsf ]cnNcnv
PnmktbmsS Ahcn \nv m\w t\SWw B
hnNn \ n ebn Ww. ]htXm]cn `mKtm \ZoXo
ctm GIm h\{]tZitm hrphntem hnip
hpw caWob hpamb m\tm B{iaw Xov GIm
{KXtbmsS AhnsS IgnbWw. ]ns D cm`napJ amtbm
Zn Wm`napJamtbm Ccpv IWvTw incv icocw Ch
ka\n ebn emn hmb Sv \n e\mbn hnWw.
6. \mkmt{K ii`rXv _nwt_ |
_npat[y XpcobIw |
{kh aarXw ]tiy |
t{Xm`ymw kp kamlnXx ||
7. CUbm {]mWamIrjy |
]qcbntXzmZtc nXw |
XtXm f nw tZla[yw |
[ymb PzmemheobpXw ||
I K
N P
461
8. _np\mZkambp |
an_oPw hnNntbXv |
]mXv hntcNbXv kayIv |
{]mWw ]nwKebm _p[x ||
aqns Av N{aew nXnsNpp. F
`mh\tbmsS AhnsS {]mW_nphn Xpcob cq]\mb ]c
ammhns\ AarX t{kmXv {]hlnnpsImncnp
Xmbn ZinpI. ]ns CUm\mUnbm {]mW hmbp
Dn tev henv hb n \ndv tZl a [y amb
Ansb [ym\nWw. Dntemp hen hmbphns
k m An tZh Xs PzmeItfmsS {]Zo]vX
amIpp Fv [ym\n Ww. ]noSv {]Wh_nphns\bpw
\mZmIamb An _oPsbpw NnnWw. ]nwKe
\mUnbn IqSn {]mWhmbphns\ kmh[m\n shfn
bntev hnSWw.
9. ]p\x ]nwKfbm ]qcy |
an_oPa\pkv atcXv |
]p\hntcNtbXv [oam |
CUssbh iss\x iss\x ||
10. {XnNXphmkcw hmY |
{XnNXp hmctah hm |
jSv IrXzm hnNtc nXyw |
cltkyhw {Xnknjp ||
11. \mUoipn ahm]vt\mXn |
]rYIv Nntm]enXx |
icoc eLpXm Zo]vXn ht |
Pmcwhn\x ||
12. \mZm`n hycntXyX |
Nnw XXv knn kqNIw |
bmhtZXm\n kw]tiy |
mhtZhw kamNtcXv ||
]noSv ]nwKf \mUnbn IqSn {]mWhmbphns\
Dtmv henv icoc n \nd An _oPs Nnn
Xn\p]tijw CUm\mUn aptJ\ AXns\ ]pd tv
hnSpI. Cu {]{Inb aqtm\mtem Znhkw \nc cw sNp
Itbm \nXyhpw aqp kyIfnepw aqtm \mtem Btdm
{]mhiyw sNpItbm thWw. Cu {InbbpsS ^eambn
\mUn ipambn Xocpp. ^ew {]XynepmIpw.
icoc emLhw Pwcmn bpsS Do]\w A\mlX \mZmZn
hyn XpSnb eW {]ISamIpw. Cu A\p`qXn
DmIpXphsc \nccw A`ymkw sNpI. Dtiw
km[npw.
13. AY sshXXv ]cnXyPy |
kzmipnw kamNtcXv |
Bm ipx kZm \nXyx |
kpJcq]x kzbw {]`px ||
14. Am\ment\m `mXn |
m\mXv iptm `hXybw |
Am\ ae]w bx |
mftbXv m\tXm bXx |
k Gh khZm iptm |
\m\yx IctXm ln kx ||
Cu hn[w {]hrnm ]w B ipnp
A\pjvTm\ sNWw. Bmhv ipamWv. kzbw
{]Imicq]amWv . kpJ kzcq]amWv . CXn amen\yaps
p Btcm]Ww Am\^eamWv. BZyta Xs AXv
hnip cq]n Xs nXn sNpp. Am\am
Ip amen\yw m\ Pew sImv IgpIph ip
\mIpp. m\w ssIhnv euInI I fn apgpIp
h ip \mhpn.
Bdmw Jw
1. {]mWmbma{Iaw hty |
kmwIrtX irWp kmZcw |
{]mWmbma CXn t{]mtm |
tcN]qcI Ipw`ssIx ||
2. h {XbmImx t{]mm |
tcN]qcI Ipw`Imx |
k Gj {]Whx t{]mx |
{]mWmbmakvXp Xbx ||
3. CUbm hmbp amIrjy |
]qcbntXzmZtc nXw |
iss\x tjmUi`namss{X |
cImcw X{X kwkvatcXv ||
4. ]qcnXw [mctbXv ]mXv |
NXpx jjvTymXpam{Xbm |
DImc aqna {Xm]n |
kwkvac {]Whw Pt]Xv ||
5. bmhZzm iIytX XmhZv |
[mctbXv P]XXv]cx |
]qcnXw tcNtbXv ]m |
XzImtcWm\new _p[mx ||
I K
N P
462
6. iss\x ]nwKfbm X{X |
Zzm{Xnwim{Xbm ]p\x |
{]mambmtam `thtZhw |
XXsshw ka`ytkXv ||
{]mWmbma {Iasn ]dbmw. {itbmsS tIp
I. ]qcI Ipw`Itc NI {Inb I aptJ\ kwb anXamIp
{]mW\mWv {]mWmbmaw. Hmmcn AImc DImc aIm
c Fo aqp h fpv . ChbpsS GIo`mhamWv
{]Whw. {]mWmbmahpw {]Whw Xs. CU aptJ\
hmbphns\ ]Xps Dn tep henv DZcn \ndv
AhnsS ]Xn \mdp am{XItfmSp IqSnb AImcs [ym\n
Ww. ]ns DZcn \ncp \np hmbp Aev]
kabw \ne\nn Adp]n\mep am{XItfmSp IqSnb
DImcs [ym\npsImv {]Whw P]n Ww. Ignbpn
Stmfw hmbphns\ \ne\ndp Ww. ]noSv apncp
am{XtbmSp IqSnb aImcs {i tbmsS ]qcnXamb hmbp
hns\ kmh[m\n ]pdv hnSWw. CXv Hcp {]mWm
bma ambn. Cs\ \nccw A`ykntXpv.
7. ]p\x ]nwKfbm]qcy |
amss{Xx tjmUi`nkvXYm |
BImcaqn a{Xm]n |
kvatctZIm{K am\kx ||
8. [mctbXv ]qcnXw hnZzm |
{]Whw kwP] hio |
DImcaqnw k [ymtbXv NXpx |
jym Xp am{Xbm ||
9. aImcw Xp kvac ]m |
t{ZNtb ZnUbm\new |
Ghtah ]p\x Ipcym |
ZnUbm]qcy _pnam ||
10. Ghw ka`ytknXyw |
{]mWmbmaw ap\nizc |
Gha`ymktXm \nXyw |
jmkmZyXv\mhm `thXv ||
11. hcmXv {_hnZzm kym |
kvamnXyw ka`ytkXv |
tbmKm`ymkmctXm \nXyw |
kz[ \ncX bx ||
]ns ]nwKf\mUnbneqsS hmbp a aw henv ]Xn
\mdpam{X tbmSp IqSnb BImcs GIm{K\mbn n
Ww. hmbp hbdn \ndbptm a\ns\bpw C{nb
sfbpw ]c ]q ambpw hinemn Adp]n\mep
am{Xmhin amb DImcs [ym\npIbpw {]Wh P]
tmSpIqSn hmbphns\ CUbn IqSn ]Xps shfn bn
tev hnSpIbpw thWw. hopw hopw A`yknpI.
Cs\ {]mWmbmaw \nXyhpw A`ykn Ww. Bdp amkw
Cs\ sNbvXm m\lo\ t]mepw m\nbmIpw.
Hcp sImw km[Iw sNbvXm {_ kmmXvImcw en
pp. AXpsImmWv \nXyhpw A`ykn Wsav ]d
bpXv . tbmKm`ymk \ncX\pw [\ncX\pambh
{]mWmbmam m\w t\Sn kmwkv ImcnI _\
n \npw hnapn t\Spp.
12. {]mW kwbat\ss\h |
m\aptm `hnjyXn |
_mlymZm]qcWw hmtbm |
cpZtc ]qctIm ln kx ||
13. kqIpw`ImZzmtbm |
[mcWw Ipw`tIm `thXv |
_lnhntcN\w hmtbm |
cpZImt{ZNIw kvarXx ||
14. {]tkzZP\tIm bkv Xp |
{]mWmbmtajp tkm f [ax |
I\z\w a[yaw hnZym |
Zpm\w tNmaw hnZp ||
15. ]qhw ]qhw {]IphoX |
bmhZp kw`hx |
kw`hXypta {]mx |
{]mWmbmta kpJo `thXv | ||
16. {]mWmbmta\ Nnw Xp |
ipw `hXn kp{hX |
Nnt ipt ipNnx kmmXv |
{]XyIv tPymXn hyhnXn ||
17. {]mWnt\ kwbpx |
]cam\n XnjvTXn |
{]mWmbma]ckymky |
]pcpjky alm\x ||
18. tZltmnjvTtX tX\ |
InwNnXv m\mZznapXm |
tcNIw ]qcIw apzm Ipw`Iw \nXya`ytkXv
19. kh]m]hn\napx |
kayIv m\ahm]v\pbmXv |
at\m PhXzam]vt\mXn |
]enXmZn N \iyXn ||
I K
N P
463
20. {]mWmbmssaI\njvTky \ InwNnZ]n |
Zpe`w XkvamXv kh{]bXvt\\ |
{]mWmbmam ka`ytkXv ||
_mlyhmbp DZcn \ndp {]{Inbbvv ]qcIw
Fp ]dbpp. IpSw shw sImv \ndp\\\ Xpt]mse
DZcw hmbphn\m \ndbvp XmWv Ipw`Iw. hmbphns\
]pdphnSpXv tcNIw. {]mWmbmaw sNptm icoc
n hnbpmbm B {]{Inb A[aamWv. icoc
n hndb epmbm AXv a[yaamWv . {]mWmbma ka
bv icocw apIfntemv s]mpXp t]mse tXmpXv
Da coXnbnep {]mWmbma amWv . Da knn ssIh
cpXp hsc Xmgv XcneptXm a[ya t{iWnbn ep
fvetXm ]nXpScpI. Ime{Ia n t\sc bmbnsmpw.
D at{iWnbn s]v {]mWmbmaw km[nm a\pjy
AXyw kpJnam\mIpp. AXn\m Nnw kwip
amIpw. B XXzw kmmXvIcnm km[npp.
{]mWmbmaw km[nhs {]mW Nn kwtbmKw t\Sn
]cammhpambn tNcpp. B Ahbn Ahs
icocw apIfn temv s]mpw. mt\mZb n\pw tam
{]m]vXnXvIpw CShcpp. tcNI]qcIsf At]nv
Ipw`Iw IqSpX embn A`y kn Ww. A s\bp
tbmKnv t{ijvT m\w e`npw a\v PnXamIpp.
tcmaw \cpXn\p ImcWamb tcmKw \inpp.
{]mWmbma n \njv Tbp h\v Hpw Zpe`a. AXp
sImv Fm {]Imcnepw {]mWmbma knn ssIhcp
p I.
21. hnt\mtbmKm {]hyan {]mWmbmaky
kp{]X |
kytbm {_ Imtem]n a[ymlmt\
hmfYhm kZm |
22. _mlyw {]mWw kamIrjy]qcbntXzm
ZtcW N |
\mkmt{K \m`nat[y N ]mZmKpjvtT N
[mctbXv |
23. khtcmKhn\nptm PothZz
jiXw \cx |
\mkm{K [mcWmZzm]o PntXm `hXn kp{hX |
24. khtcmK\nhrnx kymm`nat[y Xp
[mc WmXv |
icoc eLpXm hn{] ]mZmwKpjvT \ntXm[\mXv
25. Pnlzmbm hmbpamIrjy bx ]nt_mXv
kXXw \cx |
{ia Zmlhn \nptm tbmKo\otcmK Xman bmXv
26. Pnlzbm hmbpamIrjy Pnlzm aqte \ntcmtbXv
]nw_Zar X ahy{Kw kIew kJam]ypbmXv |
27. CUbm hmbpamIrjy `qthmaty
\ntcm[ tbXv |
]n_ZarXahy{Kw kIew kpJam]v\pbmXv |
28. CUbm thZXhkvXYm ]nwKessbhN
\u`u \ntcm[tbt\ hym[n`n apNytX \cx
29. amkmam{Xw {Xnkymbmw Pnlzbmtcm
]yamcpXw |
AarXw N ]nt_mm`u aw aw \ntcm[tbXv
30. hmXPmx ]nPm tZmjm \iytyh \
kwibx |
\mkm`ymw hmbpamIrjy t\{X Zztz
\ntcm[ tbXv
31. t\{XtcmKmhn\iyn XYm t{im{X\ntcm[\mXv
XYm hmbpw kmatcmc]y [mctbmncknn
Xw. intcm tcmKm hn \ iyn kXy apw ln
kmwIrtX
{]mWmbmahn\ntbmKs ]n C\n ]dbmw. cp
kyIfntem {_ aplq ntem a[ym kabtm
_mlyhmbphns\ BIjnv DZcn \ndv \ndpp
Ibpw DZcw, \mkm{Kw, B`nIma[y`mKw, Imens s]cp
hn c Fnhbn hmbp \ne\npIbpw sNbvXm
khtcmKhnapn^ ew. \qdphbv hsc Bbpv Inpw.
\mkm{Kn \nnbm {]mWhmbp hiwhZw BIpw.
\m`naynembm khtcmKia\w ^ew. ]mZmwKpjv T
n hmbp \nnbm icoc emLhw DmIpw. \mn
eqsS hmbp ]m\w sNbvXpsImavSncvIpI hynv
oWw, Zmlw Fnh DmIn . BtcmKyw e`npw.
\mneqsS hmbp kzoIcnv Pnlzmaqen \ntcm[nv
imambn AXv ]m\w sNbvXm AkpJsamw amdpw.
CUaptJs\ hmbp kzmIcnv AXns\ ]qcnIns ay
n \ntcm[nv AXv AarX]m\w Fv `mhnm kh
tcmKapn ^ew. CU, ]nwKf Chbn eqsS hmbp kzoI
cnv \m`n bn \ntcmZn mepw khtcmKimn e`npw.
Hcp amkw kymh\ kab enepw \mneqsS hmbp
AItv henv Aar X]m\ `mh\bneqsS \m`nbn
Ahtcm[nm kIe tZmjepw ianpw. cv \mkn
Imc { fneqsSbpw hmbp Dntev BIjnv cp
IpIfnepw \ntcm[nm t\{XtcmK sfmw ianpw.
Cns\ hensSp hmbphns\ I fn \ntcm[n
m Fm ItcmKfpw amdnnpw. hmbp henv inc
kn \ntcm[nm Fmhn[ timtcmtcmKfpw amdnIn
pp. kmwIrXn, Rm ]dsXmw ]camamWv .
32. kzkvXnImk\ammb kamlnX a\mkvm
33. A]m\aqzm apm]y {]Wth\ iss\x
iss\x
lkvXm`ymw [ctbXv kayIv ImZn
IcWm\n N
I K
N P
464
34. AwKpjvTm`ymw apt\ t{imt{X XP\o`ymw
Xp Npjo
\mkm]pSmh[m\m`ymw {]mZyIcWm\n ssh
35. B\mhn`thm bmhmhm
aq[\n[mcWmXv
{]mWx {]bmXyt\ss\h {_c{w almapt\
36. {_c{w KtX hmbu \mZtmXv
]ZytX f \L
iwJ [z\n\n`mZu at[y taJz\n bYm
37 intcma[yKtX hmbu Kncn{]{khWw bYm
]mXv {]otXm alm{]x kmmZmtm
ptJm `thXv, ]p\kvXm\\njv]n
tbmKmXv kwkmc\npXn.
kzkv XnImk\ nencpv GIm{KNn \mbn HmwIm
cP]tmsS A]m\hmbphns\ ]Xps apIfntemv
sImv hv ImZnIsf Xs cp ssIsImpw \
Xpt]mse AaWw. Cs\ apIfnse Fm C{nb
sebpw BhcWw sNbvXv B\m\p`qXnhsc hmbp
hns\ AhnsSXs \ntcm[nWw Atm {]mW {_
c{n {]thinpw AtXmsS BZyw iwJ\mZwt]m
ep #wK`oc[z\n tImw. hmbp intcma[yn
nXnsNptm ]hXn \nv ]Xnp Acphn
bptSXpt]mse i_vZw tImw. AtXmsS tbmKnv {]k
X ssIhcpw; B kmmmcw knnpw kmwkm
cnI _ fn \nv tamN\hpw e`npp.
38. ZntWmcKpt^\ koh\ow
]oUtbXv ncw
39. kthyXcW Kpt^\ ]nUtbZv _pnamcx
Pmt\zmc[xnXmw knw kvarXzm tZhw
{Xnbw_Iw
40. hn\mbIw N kwkvarXy XYm hmKo izcow ]p\x
enwK\mfmXv kamI jy hmbpa]y{KtXm apt\
41. {]Wth\ \nbpt\ _np bpt\
_pn am
aqem[mcky hnt{]{ at[y Xw Xp \ntcm[tbXv
42. \ncp[ym hmbp\m Zo]vtXm hncqlXn
Ieow
]p\x kpjpav\bm hmbp hn\m
klKXn.
KpZn\pw D]n\pw at[ybp \mUn bmWv
koh\n. FpsImsm AXmWv icoc ns cp
`mK sfbpw kwtbmPnnp Xv. koh\nsb Xs Ccp
hifntepw Aan Dd ncpv apn\pXmtgbp
{Xnbw_Iw F tPmXn enwKs `mh\ sN Ww. AtXm
sSmw KW]Xntbbpw kckzXntbbpw kvacnWw.
]ns HmwImcw P]npsImv enwK\mfn IqSn ap`m
Kv \npw hmbphns\ kamIjnv AXns\ aqe[mc
ayn m]n Ww. AhnsS hmbphns\ \ntcm[n
psImavSncpm AhnSs An {]Zo]vXambn Ipn
en\nbntev Ibdpp. ]ns hmbp AntbmSpIqSn,
kpjv a \ bn IqSn apIfntev t]mIpp.
43. Gha`ykXkvXky PntXmhmbp `thXv `riw
{]tkzZx {]Yax ]mXv I\w ap\n]pwKh
44. Dm\w N icocky NntaXntXm\nte
Gha`ykX kvXky aqetcmtKm hn\iyXn
45. `Kcw N \w kyhtcmKm kmwIrtX
]mX Im\n hn\iyn p{ZmWn N alman N
46. \t ]mt] hnipw kymnZ WaZv`pXw
]p\{_mZn t`mtKt`ym sshcmKyw
PmbtX lrZn
47. hncky Xp kwkmcmvRm\w ssIhey
km[Iw
tX\ ]m]m]lm\nx kymmXzm tZhw
kZminhw
48. m\arXctkm tb\ kIrZmkzmZntXm
`thXv
k khImcyaprPy Xss{Xh ]cn[mhXn
49. m\kzcq]tahdlp PKtZXZzneWw
Akzcq] am\mXv ]iyyt\yIpZrbx
50. Bkzcq] hnm\mZvm\ky ]cnbx
ntWmt\ alm{]m cmKmZo\mw
]cn bx
51. cmKmZy kw`th {]m]pWy]m] hna\w
Xtbm\mtimicotcW \w]p\x kw{]bpPy
tX CXn.
Cs\ \nc c amb A`ymkm hmbphns\ Pbn
mw. BZyw hnbpmIpw; ]ns hndb ]ns ico
c n DuzKa \w. Cu eWsfmw hmbphns\
Pbnm\p hbmWv Cu A`ymkw \nccw sNp
hs tcmKsamw \inpp. {]mWbmam `Kcw
XpSnb tcmKepw ianpp. ]m]\mihpw Dmhp
p. a\v ImSnt]mse ipamIpw. {_mZntZham
cpsS B\km{ amb temIw {]m]nWsa Bibpw
ianpw. t`mKP\yamb kpJ fn hncn DmIpp.
]c am t_m[w P\npp. hnjb \ sm
]m]]pWv Ahtijnpn . AtXmsS ]p\Pa
sa Spt ImXyhpw DmIn.
I K
N P
465
Ggmw Jw.
1. AYmXx kw{]hyman {]Xymlmcw almapt\
C{nbmWmw hnNcXmw hnjtbjp kz`mhXx
2. _emZmlcWw tXjmw {]Xymlcx k DNytX
bXv ]iyXn Xp Xkhw {_]iy
kamlnXx
3. {]Xymltcm `thtZj {_hnZv `nx ]ptcmZnXx
bZyXv ipamipw hm ItcmXym acWmnIw
4. Xhw {_tW IpcymXv {]Xymlcx k
DNytX
AYhm \nXyImWn {_mcm[\ _pnXx
5. Imaym\n N XYm IpcymXv {]Xymlmcx k DNytX
AYhm hmbpamIrjy m\mXv m\w
\ntcm[ tbXv
6. ZaqemYm IWvtT IWvTmZpcknamcpXw
DtcmtZimZv kamIrjy \m`ntZti \ntcm[tbXv
7. \m`ntZimXv kamIrjy Ipeymw
Xp\n tcm[ tbXv
IpeotZitXm hnZzm aqe[mtc
\ntcm[ tbXv
8. AYm]m\mXv ISnZztz XtYmcu N kpa[yta
Xkvamm\pZztb PwtL ]mZmwKpjvtT
\ntcm[ tbXv
9. {]Xymlmtcmb apkvXp {]Xymlmc kvasscx
]pcm
Gha`ymk bpky ]pcpjky alm\x
almapt\, C\n Rm {]Xymlmcsn ]dbmw.
kzm`mths\ hnjb fn k cnp C{nbsf
_eambn C{nb en \nv {]XymlcnpIbmWv {]Xym
lmcw. a\pjy ImWp sXmw {_ amWv Fp `mh
\ tbmsS {_n Xs a\ ns\ GIm{Kamp Xn\v
{]Xymlmcw Fv ]dbpp. acWw hsc a\pjy sNbvXn
p Fm ip`mip`Iepw Ah ]cammhn
kanWw. AXpw {]Xymlmc amWv. \nXyIepw
`KhZnX Iepw {]Xymlmcn s]Spp. hmbp
hns\ Hcp m\v \nv BIjnv asmcp m\v
Dd n Ww. Zaqen \nv hmbphns\ BIjnv
lrZb nepw lrZb n \nv \m`nbntepw \m`nbn
\n Ipen\nbntepw Ipen \nbn \nv aqem
[mcntepw m]nWw. hopw AhnsS\nv amn
Iv Sn{]tZins cv hi fntepw B Ww. ]ns
XpSIfpsS ay`mKv m]n Ww. XpSIfn \nv app
Ifnepw appIfn \nv IWwImepIfnepw IWwImep
Ifn \nv Imense s]cphn cepIfnepw sImpt]mbn
hmbphns\ \ntcm[npI. {]mNo\ Imew apX {]Xymlm
c{]{Inb bn apgpInIgn almmsfmw CXns\
bmWv {]Xymlmcw Fv NqnImWn n p Xv.
10. kh]m]m\n \iyn `htcmK kp{hX
\mkm`ymw hmbpamIrjy \nex
kzkv Xn Im k\x
11. ]qctbZ\new hnZzm\m]mZXe akvXIw
]mXv]mZZztb XZzm aqem[mtc XtYh N.
12. \m`nIt N lrt[y IWvTaqte N XmeptI
{`pthmat[y eemtS N XYm aq[\n [mctbXv
13. tZtl kzmaXnw hnZzm kamIrjy
kamlnXx
B\m\n \nZztz \nhnIt]
\ntcm[tbXv .
14. {]Xymlmcx kamJymXx kmmXv
thZmthZn`nx
Gha`ykX kvXky \ InNnZ]n Zpe`w
{]Xymlmcw ioenp hcpsS kIe]m]pew
kmwkmcnIZpxJhpw ianpp. nc Nn \mbn kzkvXn
Imk\ nencpv cp \mknImc{ fnepsSbpw hmbp
hns\ BIjnv ]mZw apX incphsc bp m\
fn \nd bvvWw. ]ns cv ]mZfnepw aqem[mc
nepw \m`nI nepw lrZb a[ynepw s\nbnepw inc
nepw hmbnhns\ m]n Ww. hmbp[mc Iamb {]Xym
lmc amWn Xv . GIm{KNn \mbn B _pn ]cnXyNnv
\nhnIamb Bmhn B_pn m]n Ww.
CXpXs bYmamb {]Xymlmcsav thZmthZnI
]dbpp. Cs\ {]Xymlmcw A`yknp h\v temI
n sempw Zpe`amIn.
Fmw Jw
1. AYXx kw{]hyman [mcWmx ] kp{hX
tZla[yKtX thymav \n _mlymImiw Xp
[mc tbXv
2. {]mtWm _mly\new XZzzet\ NmnauZtc
tXmbw tXmbwitI `qanw `qan`mtK almapt\
3. lbhceImcmJymw a{apmctbXv {IamXv
[mcssWjm ]cmt{]mm kh]m]
hntim[n\o
4. Pm\zmw ]rYnholywtim ly]mw]mbz
ap NytX
lrZbmwikvXYymwtim {`qa[ymtm
\nemwiIx
I K
N P
466
5. BImimwikvXYm {]m aqmwix
]cn IonXx
{_mWw ]rYnho`mtK hnjvWpw
tXmbmwitI XYm
6. Aywti N atlim\ aokzcw Nm\nemw itI
BImimwti alm{]m [mctbp
kZminhw
7. AYhm Xh hyman [mcWw ap\n]pwKh
]pcpj khimkvXmcw t_m[m\abw inhw.
8. [mctbXv _pnamnXy kh]m]hniptb
{_mZnImcycp]mWn tkz tkz
kwlrXy ImcWw
9. khIm c Wahya \ncq]yatN\Xw
kmmZm\n kw]qt [mctbXv
{]Wthh Xp
C{nbmWn kamlrXy a\km\n tbmPtbXv
tlm, kp{hX, C\n Rm A tbmSv ][mcWI
sfp dnv ]dbmw. tkzln Xamb BIm in
_mlymImis [cnWw. As\ {]mW\n \nv
_mlyhmbphns\bpw PTcmnbn \nv _mlymn
sbbpw tZl Pen \nv _mly Pesbpw `qhn `m
Kv `qansbbpw [cnWw. Hns\bpw [cnptm
bYm{Iaw lw, bw, cw, hw, ew Fo _oPa{ D
cn Ww. Cu [mcWw kht{ijvThpw kh]m]l c hp
amWv. ]mZw apX apv hsc bp `mKw `qanbpsS Awi
sapw appapX KpZw hscbp `mKw Pemwisapw
KpZw apX lrZbw hscbp `mKw Aymwiw Fp
lrZbw apX {`qa[yw hsc bp `mKw hmbphns
Awiw Fp intcm`mKw BImimwisap ]dbsSpp.
`qanbpsS Awin {_mhn s\bpw Pemwin
hnjv Wphns\bpw Aymwin atl izc s\bpw hmbn
hns Ain Cuizcs\bpw BImin kZm inh
s\bpw [ym\n Ww. asmcp [mc Wsbn C\n ]dbmw.
m\nI kzmmhn t_m[ab\pw B\ ab\pw
IeymWab\pw Bb ]c ammhns\ \nXyhpw [cn Ww.
Cs\ sNbvXm kh ]m]apn\mIpw. Imcycq]
fmb {_mZnIse AhcpsS Imc Wn ebnnv _pn
smw A\nhN\ob\pw ]c a Imc W]pcpj\pw Ahy
\pamb ]ctaizcs\ kzmmhn [mcWsNWw
As\ sNptm Xs a\ n e\v kIeIembp
amb HmwImccq]nbmb ]cta izc \n kzbw kaWw
sNWw.
H]Xmw Jw
1. AYmXx kw{]hyman [ym\w
kwkmc\mi\w
EXw, kXyw, ]cw {_ khkw kmtc t`jPw
2. DuztcXw hnizcq]w hncq]mw atlizcw
tkml anXymZtcssWh [ymtb tZymKoiztcizcw
3. AYhmkXyaoim\w m\am\ aZzbw
AXyaNew \nXyamZnaym hnXw
4. XYm f qe\mImia kwkv ]riyaNmpjw
\ ckw \ NKmJy a{]taba\p]aw
5. Bm\w knZm\ aw {_ kp{hX
Al akv aoXy`v[ymtbtybmXoXw hnaptb
6. Gh a`ymkbpky ]pcpjky alm\x
{IamtZzZmhnm\w hnPmtbX \ kwibx
C\n kwkmc\miIamb [ym\s n ]dbmw.
tbmKoizcamv Cuizc\mbh\pw hncq]m\pw
DutcXpw kIe kwkmcZpxJn\v GIamss{X
j[hpw hnizcq]\pw atl izc\pw kXykzcq]\pamb ]c
{_s B cq]n `n]qw [ym\n Ww. B
[ym\w ]c {_ Rm Xs bmsW `mh\tbmSpIqSn
Xsbmbncn Ww. [ym\w asmcphn[nepamhmw.
kthizc\pw kXykzcq]\pw B\ ab\pw AZznXo
b\pw \nae\pw m\kzcq]\pw BZya ym lo\\pw
\nXy\pw AtlmNc\pw tZlmXoX\pamb ]c ammhns\
NnnpI. _pnsImv B ]c{_ Rm Xsbm
sWv `mhn pIbpw thWw. Cu hn[ nep Nn
bnepw A`ymkenepw ebnn cnp almmhns\
thtZm amb {_ XXz ns kwibcln Xamb hnti
jm\w e`npw.
]mw Jw
1. AYmXx kw{]hyman kam[nw `h\mi\w
kam[nx kwhnZpXv]nx ]cPosshIXmw {]Xn
2. \nXyx khKtXmlymm IqStm
tZjhnXx
GIx kw`nZytX {`mym ambbm \ kzcq]Xx
3. XkvamZssZzXtahmkvXn\ {]]tm \
kwkrXnx
bYmItim LSImtim aTmImi CXocnXx
4. XYm {`mss Zzn[m t{]mm lymm
Pothizcm
\m, \mlw tZthm \ N {]mtWm t\{nbmWn
at\m \ln.
I K
N P
467
5. kZm kmn kzcq]Xzmnh Ghmkvan tIhex
CXn [ocym ap\nt{ijvT km kam[ncntlmNytX
6. kmlw {_ \ kwkmco \ atm f \yx
IZmN\
bYm t^\X cw KZn kap{ZmZpn\w ]p\x
7. kapt{Z eobtX XZzka\pebtX
Xkvam a\x ]rY Mv\mkv Xn PKambm N
\mkvXn ln
8. bsskyhw ]cammbw {]XypKv`pXx {]IminXx
k Xp bmXn N ]p`mhw kzbw
kmmXv]cmarXw
9. bZm a\kn ssNX\yw `mXn kh{XKw kZm
tbmKnt\m f hyh[mt\\ XZmkw]ZytX kzbw
10. bZm khmWn `qXm\n kzmt\yh ln ]iyXn
kh`qtXjp Nmm\w {_kw]ZytX XZm
11. bZm khmWn `qXm\n kam[ntm \ ]iyXn
GIo`qXx ]tcWku XZm `hXn tIhex
12. bZn ]iyXn Nmm\w tIhew ]camXx
ambmam{Xw PKZvIrkv\w XZm `hXn \nhrXnx
13. Ghapzm k `Khm Zmt{Xtbm almap\nx
kmwIrXnx kzkzcqt]W kpJamkvtXXn
\n`bx
temIhpambp _ sf hntZn p kam[n
sbn C\n ]dbmw. ]cammhnsbpw Pohmmhn
sbpw GIo`mhs kw_nnp \n bm Iamb
_pn bpsS {]I S\w Xs bmWv kam [n. Bmhv
\nXyhpw GIc kbphpw khhym]nbpw khtZmj
hnlo\ hpamWv AXv HmsWnepw ambmP\n X amb {`a
m `nambnImWsSpp. bYmn Pohm
]c ammv t`Zan. AXn\m AssZzX`mh\ Xs
bmWv kXyw. {]]w Fsmn. BImisXs
LSmImisapw aTmImisapw ]dbpXpt]mse
Am\nI Hcp Cuizcs\Xs Pohs\pw {_
sapw cphn[ n ImWpp. Bcv kzbw tZl sapw
{]mW s\pw C{n b sapw a\ spw Icp XmsX
kmnkzcq]n nXnsNp Htc in hcq]amb ]c
ammhv Xs bmsWv IcpXpXv, AhcpsS Cu hn[
ap \n bmI _pnsb bmWv kam[nsbv ]dbp
Xv . bYmn Rm Cuizc\mWv, kwkmc_
n AIsncnp Pohnb , Fn \nv `n ambn
Hcp hkvXphn\pw AnXzw C \ncbpw ]Xbpw kap{Z
n \npmbn kap{Zn Xs hnebw sImp
Xpt]mse Cu PKpw Fn \np Dmbn Fn
Xs ebnpp. AXn\m krnv ImcW`qXamb
a\pw Fn \nv `na. ]c ammhn\v kzmcq]
n ImWp hyn {_Xzw {]m]npp. m\n
khPohnIsfbpw Xn Xs ImWpIbpw Fm Pohn
Ifnepw Xm nXnsNp Xmbn {Kln pIbpw sNp
p. kam[n ]cammhpambn XmZmyw {]m]nv
Xn \nv `n ambn Hcp {]mWntbbpw ImWmXncnp
Ah hcptm Ah ]c amkzcq]n Xs
bmWv nXn sNpXv. Xs Bmhns\ am{Xw kXy
kz cq]n ImWpIbpw khP Knt\bpw ambbpsS
eoemhnemksav a\ nempIbpw sNptm Ah
]cam\w {]m]npp. Cs\ D]tZiw \InbXn\p
tijw Zmt{X b au\w`pPnp kmwIrXn ap\n B D]
tZiw {Klnv Xs bYm cq]n CcppsImv
`bcln X\pw B\a b\pw Nnbkz cq]\pambn.
Pm_meZit\m]\njv kam]np.
Q
Pm_meyp] \njv
1
3
imn ]mTw
Hmw B]ym bp aamwKm\n hmIv {]mWm
p t{im {X atYm _e an {n bmWn N khm Wn.
khw {_tm]\njZw. amlw {_ \ncmIpcymw
amam {_ \ncmItcmZ\ncm IcW akvXz\ncmI
cWw ta AkvXp. XZm \nctX b D]\njp
[kvtX abn kp tX abn kp.
Hmw imnx imnx imnx
Fs Awl ]pn {]m]ns. hmv {]ma
t\{Xw t{im{Xw _ew C{n b Fmw ]pn {]m]n
I K
N P
468
s. Fm D]\njpIfpw {_amIpp. Rm {_
sbpw {_w Fsbpw ssIhnSmXn cn s. As\
bp F\nv D]\njn {]Xn]mZn s np [
ssIhc s. Ah Fn Dsm s. Hmw imnx
imnx imnx
1. lcn Hmw AY ssl\w `Khw Pm_menw ss]
em`nw ]{] `Khm ta {_qln ]caXXz clkyw
ss]emZn`Khm\mb Pm_mentbmSv tNmZnp: `K
hms\ As \nv ]c a XXzckyw ]dpX cmtam?
2. Inw Xzw tIm Pohx Ix ]ipx Ix Cuix tIm
tamtm]mb CXn.
FmWv XXzw? FmWv Poh? FmWv ]ip?
BcmWv Cuizc? tamtm]mbw FmWv ?
3. k Xw tlmhmN km[p ]rw, khw \nthZ
bman bYm mX anXn.
Pm_men ]dp: tNmZyw Ghpw Da ambncnp
p. AXn\m F\ndn bmhpsXmw Rm ]dp
Xcmw.
4. ]p\x k XaphmN IpXkvXbm m\anXn
5. ]p\x k XaphmN jUm\\mZnXn
6. ]p\x k XaphmN tX\mY IptXm mX anXn
7. ]p\x k XaphmN tXt\im\mZnXn
8. ]p\x k XaphmN IYw Xkvamt\
mX anXn
9. ]p\x k XaphmN XZp]mk\mZnXn
10. ]p\x k XaphmN `Kh Ir]bm ta kc
lkyw khw \nthZtbXn
ss]nemZn ]dp: Av Cu ]ca XXzclkyw
Fs\ Adnp:
Atlw Fhn sS \n dnp.
Rm japJ \n \npw Adn p.
Atlw Cuizc \n\ndnp.
Atlw F s\bmWdnXv?
Atlw D]mk\ sImdnp.
`Khms\ Fm B cl kysfmw Zb hpsNbvXv
F\np ]dp XcpI.
ktX\ ]rx khw \nthZbmamk XXzw
]ip]Xnclw Imcmhnx kwkmco Poh Gh ]ipx
khx ]IrXykx kthizc Cuix
]ip ]Xnx
ss]emZnbm Cs\ tNmZnsv Pm_men
Fmw ]dpsImSpp. AlwImc bp \mb ]ip]Xn
XsbmWv {]m]nIPoh\mb ]iphmbnocpXv.
kh\pw krn, nXn, kwlmcw, Xntcm`mhw, A\p
{Klw Cu Ap IrXy fn k\pw kthiz c \p
amb Cuizc Xs bmWv ]ip]Xn.
12. tI ]ih CXn ]p\x k XaphmN Pohm ]ih
Dmx XXv]XnXzmXv ]ip]Xn?
ss] emZn tNmZnp: ]ip BcmWv? Pm_men ]d p.
Poh XsbmWv ]ip. AhbpsS ]XnbmbXpsImv
Atls ]ip]Xn Fp ]dbpp.
13. k]p \kv Xw tlm hmN IYw Pohmx ]ih
CXn? IYw XXv
]Xn cnXn?
ss] emZn hopw Atl tmSv tNmZnp: Pohs\
]ipshv FpsImv ]dbpp. Fs\ Cuizc Ah
bpsS ]Xn bmIpp.
14. k X ap hm N bYm Xr Wmint\m hnthI
lo\mx ]c t{]jymx IrjymZnI kp \nbpmx
kIe ZpxJ k lmx kz kzman_[yam\m Khm
Zbx ]ihx bYm XXv kzman\x Ch kh
Cuix ]ip]Xnx
Pm_men ]dp: ]ppXnp hbpw hnthIanm
hbpw A\yv Zmkyw sNp hbpw IrjnIm cy
pw apw D] tbm K s Sp p hbpw ]e hn[
ZpxJepw klnphbpw _\ n Ignbph
bpamb ]ip apX emb arK GsX nepw bPam\s
A[o\ Xbn Ignbp Xpt]mse Fm Poh\pw kh
\mb Cuiz cs A[o \ Xbn Ign bp Xp sImv
Cuizc ]ip]Xnbmbn.
15. XXvm\w tIt\m]mtb\ PmbtX?
16. ]p\x k XaphmN hn`qXn [mcWmtZh.
17. XXv {]Imcx IYanXn, Ip{X Ip{X [mcym?
ss] emZn: B m\w Fs\ t\Smw?
Pm_men hn`qXn [mcWw sImv B m\w knnp
p. ss]emZn: AXns hn[n FmWv? GtXsXmw
m\ fnemWv AXv [cnt Xv ?
18. ]p\x k XaphmN ktZymPmXmZn ]{_
ass{ `kva kwKrly AncnXn `kvta \yt\X
A`n a {y am \ kv tXmI CXn kar y Xy P te\
kwkrPy { Xymbp j an Xn in tcm e em S hx
kv It jznXn Xn kr `n kv Xym bp ssj kv {Xbw
_ssIx kvXnt{km tcJmx {]IphoX{hX taXXv
imw`hw kthjp thtZjp thZ hm Zn `n cpw
I K
N P
469
`hXn XXv kamNtcXv apapp\ ]p\`hmb
Pm_men ]dp: ktZym PmXmZn ] {_ a{
m `kvasaSpv AncnX `kva F a{m
AXns\ [cnpIbpw sh n Ipgv {Xymbpjw F
a{m Xe, s\n, s\n, tXm Fo `mKfn
{Xmbpjw, ss{Xyw_Iw Fo a{fm aqp tcJ hc
bvpIbpw sNpI F imw`h{hXw kIe thZ
fnepw thZhmZnIfmepw ]dbs ncnpp. Cu {hXw BN
cn m apappv ]p\Pw DmhpIbn.
19. AY k\Xv Ipamcx {]amWw ]rXn {Xn]p
{ [m c Wky {Xn[m tcJm Be emSm ZmN
ptjm cm{`pthma[yX
k\ Xv Ip am c AXn\v {]amWw tNmZn tm
Pm_men ]dp: incn\pw Npn\pw ]pcn I
pw at[ybmbn {Xn]p{w [cn Ww.
20. bm f ky { ]Yam tcJm km Kml ]Xy
Imtcm ctPm `qtemIx kzmm {Inbmin
EtKzZx {]mXx kh\w {]Pm]XntZthm tZhtX
Xn. bmky ZznXob tcJm km ZnWm ncpImcx
kz a co a cmm tNm in
bPpthtZm am[yn \ kh\w hnjv Wp tZthm
tZh tXXn bm f ky XrXob tcJm km f lh
\obm aImc kvXtam Zyu temIx ]camm m\
inx kmath` kv{XoXob kh\w almtZthm
tZhtXXn {Xn]p{w `kva\m ItcmXn
AXns {]Y atcJ Kml]Xymn ctPmKpWw
AImcw `qtemIw, kzmmhv {Inbmin, EtKzZw {]mXx
kh\w FnhbpsS {]XoIamWv . AXns tZhX {]Pm]
XnbmIpp. AXnse ZznXob tcJ ZnWmn, DImcw kXz
KpWw, Aco temIw, Acmmhv Cmin,
bPqthZw am[yn\ kh\w FnhbpsS {]XoIamWv.
AXns tZhX hnjv WphmIpp. XrXob tcJ Bl h\o
bmn aImcw Xtam KpWw ZyptemIw ]c ammhv m\
in kmathZw XrXob kh\w FnhbpsS {]XoIam
Wv . AXns tZhXalmtZh\mIpp. `kvaw sImmWv
{Xp]pw [cnt Xv.
21. tbm hnZzm {_Nmco Krlo hm\{]tm
bXn hm k alm]mXtIm]]mX tI`yx ]qtXm
`hXn. k khm tZhm t[ymtXm `hXn. k
kthjp Xotjp kv\mtXm `hXn, kIecp
{Za {P]o `h Xn, \ k ]p\cm htX \ k
]p\cmhtX CXn Hmw kZnXyp]\njXv.
Cu {Xp]p{tc J I [cnp m\n {_Nm
cntbm Krl t\m hm\{]t\m k\ymkntbm Bcm
bmepw Ah alm]mXI fn \npw D]]mXIfn
\npw ap \mbn `hnpp. Ah kIetZhmscbpw
[ym\nh\mIpp. khXo fnepw kv \m\w sNbvX
h\mbn Xocpp. Ah khcp{Za{fpw P]nh\p
ambnocpp. Ah\v ]p\P an. CXv kXyamWv Fv
D]\njv
Pm_meyp]\njv kam]np.
Q
imn ]mTw
Hmw. ]qaZx ]q anZw. ]qmXv ]q
apZNytXx ]qky ]q amZmb ]q tahm
hin jytX.
Hmw Cu ]c {_w ]qamWv. Cu {]]hpw ]q
amWv . ]q{_ n \npw ]q{]]w DmIp
p. ]q n \nv ]qw FSpmepw ]qw Ah
tijnpp.
1. AY Xpco bm Xo Xm h [q Xm\mw tImbw am
kvtXjmw Im nXn coXn ]nXmatlm `Khw
]nXcamZn\mcmbWw ]cnktatXymhmN Xaml `K
hm \mcm btWm tbm f ba h [qX amtm
temtI Zpe`Xtcm \ Xp _mlpteym NtXy tIm
`hXn k Gh \nXy ]qXx k Gh sshcmKy
aqn k Gh m\mImc k Gh thZ ]pcpj
CXn m\nt\m aXyt
XpcobmXntXm]\njv
1
3
I K
N P
470
alm]pcptjm bkvX nw atbm hmhXnjvTntX Alw
N Xkvan t\m hmh nXntkm f bam`u XmhXv {ItaW
IpSoNtIm _lpXXzw {]m]y _lqZtIm lwk Xzah
ew_y lwkx ]c alwtkm `qXzm kzcq]m\pkmt\\
kh{]]w hnZnXzm Z Ia ep ISn kq{XIu]o\m
mZ\w kz hn[yp {InbmZnIw kha]vkp kw\yky
ZnKw_tcm `qXzm hnhPohevem Pn\ ]cn{Kl
a]n kwXrPy Xp[z a{ hZmNc ucm`ywKkv\m
t\m[z ]p{mZnIw hnlmb euInI sshZnI alyp]
kwlrXy kh{X ]pWym]pWy hnhPntXm m\m
m\a]n hnlmb iotXmjvW kpJZpxJ am\mham\w
\nPnXy hmk\m {Xb ]qhIw \nm f \nmKh ac
cw` Z tZzj Imat{Im[ tem`tamljmajm kqbm
kwc WmZnIw Ziv[zm kz h]pxIpW ]mImc anh]iy
\mb tX\m\n bta\ em`mem`u kau IrXzm tKm ]rXym
{]mWkwc Ww Iqh bXv {]m]v Xw tXss\h \ntem
ep]x kh hnZym]mnXy {]]w `kvan IrXy kzcq]w
tKm]bnXzm tPyjvTm f tPyjvTXzm \ ]mem]Ix kthmXv
IrjXz khmIXz ssZzXw Iev]bnXzm atm hyXn
cnx Inmt\ym AkvXoXn tZh KplymZn [\ am
\y] kwlrXy ZpxtJt\m Zznx kptJ\ \m\ptam ZtIm
cmtK \nkv]rlx kh{X ip`mip`tbm c\`nkvt\lx
kth{ntbm ]cax kz]qhm]m {iamNmc hnZym [
{]`h a\ \pkvacw kvXy hm{kamNmcx khZm Znhm
\ katXz\mkz]v\x khZm f \qtm _mtem v
]nimNh tZImIo k c\mkw`mjW ]cx kzcq][ym
t\\ \ncmew_ ahew_y kzm \njvTm\pIqte\ khw
hnkvarXy XpcobmXoXm h[qX thtjWm ssZzX \njv Tm
]c {]Whm ItXz\ tZl XymKw ItcmXn bx tkmh[qX
k IrX IrtXym `hXo Xyp]\njXv.
]nXmal \mb {_mhv kzhnXmhmb `Khm \mcm
b Ws ASpsn Cs\ ]dp: Xpcobmh[qXs
amsamWv? Ahs nXn Fv? AXptIv `Khm
\mcmbW ]dp. Ah[qXam NmcnI Npcp amWv.
As\ Hcmsfnepapmbm Abm \nXyip\pw
sshcmKyaXnbpw m\mImchpw thZ]pcpj\pw BIpw.
A s\bp alm]pcpjm Nnw Fn kan
pp. Rm Ahs Dn nXn sNpp. Bcw `
n IpSoNI\mbn ]ns Ah _lpZIt{iWnbn
{]thinpp. AXn \nv lwk\mbpw lwk\n
\nv ]calwk\mbpw Xocpp. Ah Bkzcq]k
m\ m Fm {]] c l kyfpw {Klnv Zav[w, Ia
ep, ISnkq{Xw Iu]o\w, BmZ\hkv{Xw Fnh
tbmsS bYmhn[n A\pjvTnt sXmw sNbv Xv Ah Pe
nsemgppp. ]ns ZnKw _c\mbn Pon h
emPn\ fpw XyPnv kIe hn[n \ntj[ cmlnXytmsS
IgnpIqSpp. ucw, A`ywKw, Du[z, ]p{w
CsXmpw Ah ssIsmpn. euInI sshZnI
Itfbpw Dt]npp. iotXmjv W kpJZpxJmZn
NnIsfmpw Ah\n . hmk\m {XbtmsSmw \n,
A\n, Khw, acw, Zw`w, tZzjw, Imaw, t{Im[w,
tem`w, tamlw, ljw, Aajw, Akqb Bkwc
W `mh\. Chsbmw ssIshSn bpp. em`mem` Nn
bn. InpXn Xr]vXnsp {]mW \ne\npp.
\ntemeph\mbncnpw. ]mn Xymlmcan. kzcq]w
tKm]\w sNbvXv Ignbpp. kthmXvIr hpw AssZzX
hpamb cq]s kev]npp. Rm Xs ]q
{_ Fv IcpXpp. ZpxJm ZpxJnXt\m kpJ n
{]lrjvTt\m BIpn. cmK \nkv]rl \mbncnpw.
Ah Xs ]qhPohnXm{iaw hnZy [w {]`mhw
Fnh kvacnpIbn. ]m{iamNmcw ]cnXyPnpp.
Ah\v cm{Xnbpw ]Iepw XpeyamWv . kZm k cnpsIm
ncnpw. Pe\m ehpw Ah\v Ia ephns {]tbm
P\w \Ipp. DmZan. ]pdsa _mes\ t]msetbm D
s\ tmsetbm, ]nimNns\ tmsetbm `mhnv GImIn
bmbn Pohnpp. BtcmSpw kwkmcnpn. kZm kzcq
][ym\\nc X \mbn cn pw. \ncmew _s Ahew_amn
B \njvTsbmgnsI asm hn[ [ym\sbpw ]cn Xy
Pnpp. C{]Imc ap XpcobmXoX thj[mcn Ftmgpw
AssZz X \njvTm ]c \mbn cnpw. Ah {]mWhmIXz
m tZlw shSnbpp. A s\ bp Ah[qX IrX
IrXy\mWv . Fv D]\n jv hyampp.
XpcobmXotXm]\n jv kam]np.
Q
Xpfkyp]\njv
1
3
AYXpkyp]\njZw hymJymkymax \mcZx
Ejnx AYhmKncx x AarXm Xpfko tZhXm
ap[m _oPw hkpZminx \mcmbWxIenIw
iymaw iymah]p[mw EIv kzcq]mw bKpa\mw
I K
N P
471
{_m\ {]mWmw Iev]IkvXmw ]pcmW]
TnXmw AartXmhw AarXck acow A\
mw A\ckt`mKZmw sshjvWhow hnjvWp
h`mw ar Xyp P\n _ln Wow Zi\mXv
]m]\mio\mw kv]i\mXv ]mhXnw A`nh
\mXv tcmK\min \ow tkh\arXyp\min \ow
sshIpWv Tm\mZv hnhZv l{ow `WmXv
hmbp\{]Zmw {]mZnWymXv Zmcn{Z \min\ow
tkh\m arXyq\min \ow sshIpWTm\mZv
hnhXvl{ow `WmXv hmbp\{]Zmw {]mZn
WymXv Zmcn{Z \min\ow aqet]\mXv ]m]`
Rv Pn\ow {LmWXWmZ\ae\min\ow b
Ghw thZ k sshjv Wthm `hXn hrYm \
OnymXv , ZrjvSzm {]ZnWw IpcymXv bmw \
kv]rtiXv ]hWn \ hnNnt\zXv bZn hnNnXn
k hnjvWp l `hXn {io Xpfssky hnZv atl
hnjv Wp{]n bmssb [oaln Xtm AarXmw
{]tNmZbmXv .
C\n Xpfkn D]\njv ]cnNn\ hnjbammw
AXns Ejn \mcZ\mWv . Ov AYhmwKncv .
AarX XpfknbmWv tZhX kp[ _oPw . hkp[min.
\mcmbW IoeIw. IrjvWhbpw IrjvWicocnWn
bpw EtKzZ kzcq]bpw bpthZNnmIbpw
AYhthZ{]mWbpw thZmwKlkv Xbpw AartXmev]
bpw AarXckaRvPco kzcq]bpw A\ kpJ{]
Zbpw sshjv Whnbpamb Xpfkn hnjvWp{]nbbmIpp.
P\\acW\min\nbmWv , ImWpXp sImv Xs
]m]w \innpp. \anm tcmKia\w Dmp
XmWv. tkh\m arXyp`bw AIpp. hnjvWp
]qPp]tbmKnm B]pIfIpp, {]mWin
\Ipp. {]ZnWm Zmcn{ZyaIpp. hmk\n
pXp sImv ZpKaIpp. Cs\ Adnv
Xpfknsb Bcm[nph hnjvWp`mcmbnocp
p. AXv shdpsX AdpcpXv. Adpm Ah
hnjvWp `Khm\v {]nbshfmIpp, AarX kzcq]
bmWv. AXns\ \akv cnpI. Cu hnjWp{]nbbmb
Xpfknsb \mw [ym\npp. AXn `n hlnpp.
AarX kz cq ]bmb AXv AarXXz n \v \s
t{]cnnpp.
AartX AarX cq]mkn I
AarXz {]Zmbn\ow I
Xzm amapc kwkmcmcmXv I
oc kmKc I\ytI I
{io kJn Xzw kZm\t I
apInky kZm {]ntb I
hcZm`b lkvXm`yw I
kZm aZKeyZmbntI I
AXpteXzXpembmw ln I
lcncmtImkvXn \m\yYm I
Xz tah PKXmw [m{Xo I
Xz tah hnjvWph`m I
Xz tah kpckwtkhym I
Xz tah tam Zmbn\o I
Xzbmbmw htko I
kvXhqte hnjvWp caybx I
kam thXmx khm I
knNmcW]Km I
bqte kh Xom\n I
bty {_ tZhXm
ockap{Zns I\yIbmb Xpfko, \o AarX
kzcq]bmIpp. AXn\m \ns "AarX' Fv
hnfnpp. \o AarXZmbn\nbmWv . \o Fs Cu
kwkmckmKcn \n v Dcn p I. ev ao
tZhnbpsS tXmgnbmWv \o. B\abnbmWv , hnjvWp
hns {]nbbmWv . F\nv hcacpfpI. A`bap{Zmew
IrXamb lkv Xw tN \o Ir]mZrjvSntbmsS Fs
t\sc t\mpI. sNdpXmsWnepw \o hrw Xs.
Fs Am\aIddn Fs ImpI \o Pcm lo\
bmWv . Hnt\mSpw \ns\ D]anm\mhpIbn.
Xpe\mlot\, `Khm hnjv Wpam{Xta \n\v kam\X
hlnppffp. \o hnjv Wphns {]nbXabmWv .
tZhXI apJmncw F\nv awKfhpw tamhp
wAcpfm \o ibmWv . alm evan \ns Ombbn
Ignbpp. \ns thcv `Khm hnjvWphns \nhmk
m\amWv . Xpfkntmn kIe tZhmcpw kn
mcpw NmcWmcpw \mKfpw Ignbpp.kIe Xo
fpw Xpfknphn hncmPnpp.XpfknbpsS a[y
`mKv {_mhv Dsmffpp.
bZt{KthZ imkv{XmWn I
Xpfkn Xzmw \amaylw I
Xpfko {io kJo, ipt` I
]m]lmcnWo, ]pWytZ I
\akvtX \mcZipI I
hymkmZnap\n hntX I
{_m\ {]tZ, tZhn I
hrmh\\nhmkn\n I
khmhbhkqt I
AartXm]\nj{Ztk I
Xzw amapc IeymWn I
alm]m]mZ_v [oZpkv XcmXv I
I K
N P
472
kthjma]n]m]m\mw I
{]mbnwXztah ln I
tZhm\mw N EjoWmw I
N ]nXrWmw Xzw kZm {]ntb I
hn\m]n Xpfkn hn{]mx I
tb]n {imw {]IphtX I
hrYm `hXnXv {imw I
]nXrWmw t\m]bXn I
Xpfkn ]{XaprPy I
bZn ]qPmItcmXnbx I
Bkpcokm`thXv ]qPm I
hnjv Wp {]oXoIco \ N I
bw Zm\w C]w Xow I
{immZyw tZhXm\w I
XWw amP\ Nm\y I
IpcymXv Xpfkow hn\m I
Xpfko ZmcpaWn`nx I
P]xkhmkm[I I
Ghw \ thZb InXv I
k hn{]x izbNm[ax I
bmsXmns A{`mKn thZimkv{Xw \nesIm
ffpp,B Xpfknsb Rm {]Wanpp. tl Xpfkn,
\o evanbpsS kJnbpw IeymWabnbpw ]m]l{nbpw
]pWyZm{XnbpamWv. hnjvWp{]nbbpw \mcZmcm[nXbpw
Bb \o {_mhns B\m{iphn \npmbhfmWv
hrmh\hmknbmb \okwhmwK[mcnWnbmWv. Fs
alm]m]amIp kap{Zn\nv Asc ISpI.
kIe ]m]n\pw {]mbnw \obmWv tZhEjn
]nXr{]nbbmWv .\o Xpfkn IpSmsX bpff {imw
shdpsXbmWv Xpfkn IqSmXbpff ]qP hnjvWphn\v
Hpw {]nbamIbn. bw, Zm\w, X]v,Xow,{imw
tZhXm]qP\pw XWw amP\w ap [mnI IrXy-
khhpw XpfkntbmSp IqSmsXsbn \njv^-
eamIpp. Xpfkname CnX^ew \IpXmWv . Cu
XXzw Adnbm {_W NWvUmfs\m \o-
N\mIpp.
CXyml `Khm { _mWw \mcmbWx
{ _m \mcZ k\Im`n `y x k\ImZmtbm
thZhymkmb, thZhymkx ip Imb, iptIm
hmatZhmb, hmatZthm ap \n `yx ap \tbm
a\ptjy`yx t{]mNpx Ghw thZ kx kv {Xol
Xymbmx {]apNytX k alm`bmXv {]apNytX k
hoclXymbm {]apNytX k {_lXymbm
{ ]ap NytX k alm`bmXv { ]ap Ny tX k
almZpxJXv {]apNytX tZlmt sshIpWv T
tahm]v t\mXn CXyp]\njXv
CsXmw `Khm \mcmbW {_mhnt\mSpw
{_mhv \mcZk\ImZnIpw k\ImZnI thZhym
k\pw thZhymk ipI hmatZh\pw hmatZh
ipI hmatZh\pw hmatZh ap\nIpw ap\nI
a\pjypw ]dp sImSpXmWv . CXv Adnbph
kv{XolXybn \npw hoclXybn \npw {_lXy
bn \npw alm`bw almZpxJw apXembhbn \npw
ap \mbn `hn p p . acWtijw sshIp Wv T
{]m]vXnv Alcpambnocpp.
Xpfkyp]\njv kam]np.
imn]mTw
Hmw ]q aZx ]qan Zw. ]q mXv
]qapZNytX. ]qky]qamZmb ]q
tahmhinjytX. Hmw imnx imnx imnx
B ]c{_w ]qamWv Cu Imcy{_hpw
]qamWv. ]qn \npw ]qapmIpp.
]qn \npw ]qw FSpmepw ]qw Xs
Ahtijnpp. Hmw imnx imnx imnx imnx
1. {Xnin Jn {_mWx BZnXytemIw PKma.
XwKtXzm hmN""`Khm, Inw tZlx Inw {]mWx,
Inw ImcWw, Inw Bm CXn.
Q
{XninJn{_mtWm]\njv
1
3
I K
N P
473
2. ktlmhmNkhanZw inh Gh hnPm\o ln
Inp \nXyiptm \nct\m hn`pcZzbx inh
GIx tkz\ `mtkZw khw arjv Sym X]v Xmbx
]nWv UhtZIw `n\\hZh`mktX. XZv `mkIw
In anXn tNZpNyptX k_v ZhmNyw AhnZym
i_fw{_.
3. {_tWmhyw, AhymlXv, altXmlw
Imcx AlmcmXv ]Xm{XmWn ]Xm
{X`yx ] alm`qXm\n ]alm`qtX t`ym
Jnew PKXv.
4. XZJnew ImanXn. `qX hnImc hn`mKmZncnXn.
GIkv an ]nWvtU IYw `qXhnImchn`mK CXn.
XXv Imtcy ImcW t`Z cqt]Wmwi XXz
hmNI hmNym\t`ZhnjbtZhXm tImi t`Z
hn`mKm `hn.
5. AYmImix AxIcWat\m_pn Nnmlw
Imcmx hmbp kamt\mZm\hym\m]m\ {]mWmx
hnx t{im{XXzIvNpPnlzm {LmWm\n. B]x
i_vZ kv]icq]ckKmx ]rYnho hmIv ]mWn
]mZ ]mbq]mx
BZnXy temIp sNv {XninJn {_mW
`Khm BZnXyt\mSv tNmZnp:"`Khms\, tZlw
FmWv? {]mW FmWv? ImcWw FmWv? Bmhv
FmWv ? AXptIv BZnXy ]dpx""CsXmw inha
bamWv. inh XsbmWv ip\pw \nXy\pw \ncRv P
\pw hn`phpw. AZzb\mb inh Xs GIam{X {]Imi
m Fmw Iv Np teml]nWv Ustmse Hn
s\s At\I cq]fn {]Iminnpp. Cs\
{]IminpsXsp tNmZnm AhnZymbpamb
{_amsWv ]dbmw. AXv kXv i_vZns hmbp
hmWv. {_n \nv Ahyhpw aln \nv
Amchpw, Almcn \npw Av Xm{XIfpw,
Av Xm{XIfn \npw ]alm`q Xfp w,
]alm`qXfn \npw kavX PKpw DmIpp.
FmWv Cu kqsap ]dbpXv? CXv `qX
fpsS hnImcn \npw DamIpXmWv .
`qXfpsS hnImcm Htc ]nWv Uns hn`mKw
Fs\bmWv kw`hnpsXm hn`nfmb B
`qXfpsS ImcyImcW t`Zm Awi XXzw,
hmNIhmNyw m\t`Zw, hnjbw, tZhXm tImiw Fo
hn`mK DmIpp. AxIcWw a\v , _pn,
Almcw, Nnw Ch ]tImifmWv. kam\
DZm\, hym\ A]m\ {]mW Ch Av hmbp
fmWv. t{imXw Xzv Pnlz {LmWw Ch Anbn
\npw i_vZw kv ]iw cq]w ckw Kw Ch Ap
Pen \npw DmbXmWv. hmWn, lkvXw, ]mZw,
KpZw D]w Ch ]rYznbn \npw DmbhbmIpp.
6. m\ kev] \nbm\p km\m`nam\x
BImi Imcymx IcW hnjbmx kaoIctWm
b\ {KlW {ihW zmkm hmbp Imcy{]m
WmZn hnjbmx i_vZ kv]i cq] ck Kmx
An Imcymt\{ hn jtbjv T {LmW
Xm{X hnjbm A `qXm at\m _pymn
lwImcu Nm `qXm.
7. AhImi hn[qX Ziu ]nWvUoIcW
[mcWmx
kqvaXam ssPhXm{X hnjbmx
8. Ghw ZzmZimw Km\n B[ymnIm\n B[n
`uXn Im\n B[n ssZhn Im\n A{ X\n imIc
NXpapJZn izmXm hcpWmizot{m t]{
{]Pm]Xnbam CXy[n tZhXm cpss] ZzmZi\m
Uyw {]hrmx {]mWm GhmwKm\n AwKm
\w XtZhmtXXn.
BImis kw_np Imcyfpw Ax
IcW hnjbfp w m\w kev ]w \n bw
A\pkm\w A`nam\w ChbmWv kaoIcWw, t\{X
fpsS \naoet\moe\w, {KlWw, {ihWw Dzk\w
Ch hmbphns\ kw_np Imcyfpw mt\
{nb hnjbfmIpp. kwkmcw, Zm\w, Ka\w,
hnk\w, B\w, Ch ]rYznsb kw_np-
hbmWv. mt\{nbfpsSbpw It{nbfp
sSbpw hnjbn {]mWsbpw Xm{XIfpsSbpw
hnjbfpw A`hnncnpp. amP\ Zi\
[mcWI kqv a Xm{XIfpsS hnjbfmWv .
B[ymnI w B[n`uXoIw B[nssZhnIw, Fo aqp
`mKfnembn ]{v AwKfpv. Chbn N{,
{_mhv , ZnpI, hmbp, kqcy, hcpW, Aiz\oIp
amcm An, C{ Dt]{ {]Pm]Xn ba' Fo
]{v C{nbfpsSbpw A[n tZhXIfpsS cq]n
]{v \mUnIfn nXnsNpp. Ch {]mW
Xs. AhbhfpsS m\cq]w Xs mXmhmbn
AdnbsSpp.
9. AY thymam\n em\ePem\mw ]o
IcWanXn mXrXzw kam\tbmtK\ t{im{X
Zzmcm i_v Z KptWm hmKv [njv TnXm BImti
Xnjv TXn BImiXnjvTXn. at\mhym\tbmtK\
XzKv Zzmcm kv]i KpWx ]mWy[njv TnXx hmbu
XnjTXn hmbpkv XnjTXn _pncpZm\tbmK\
NXpp Zzmcmcq]KpWx ]KpWx XnjvTXyn
kv Xnjv TXn Nna]m\tbmtK\ Pn^zm Zzmcm
ckKpW. D]m[njvTntXm A]vkpXnjvTn B]
kvXjvTn. AlwImcx {]mWtbmtK\x {LmW
Zzmcm K KptWmKpZm[njv TnXx ]rYznhymwXn
jvTXn ]rYznho XnjvTXn b Ghw thZ.
I K
N P
474
BImiw, hmbp, An, Pew, Aw, FnhbpsS
]oIcWw Cu coXnbnemWv. kam\hmbphns kw
tbmKm m\w e`npp. t{im{Xm i_vZw
{KlnsSpp. i_v Zw BImim[njvTnXamWv . hym\
hmbphns kwtbmKm a\v Xzp aptJ\ kv ]iw
Adnbpp. _pn DZm\\pambn tNv Npn\m
cq] {Klnpp. Nnw A]m\ \pamb tbKm
\mp aptJ\ ckw {Klnpp. D]w Pehpambn
tNv AXns IrXyw \nhln pp. {]mWhmbphns
kwtbmKm Almcw AXns {]h\w \S
pp. {LmW KpWw \mknI bpsSXmWv.
Ass{XtX tmIm `hn.
1. ]rYKv `qtX tjmUiIemx kzmt`mKm
]cm{IamXv. Ax IcW hym\mn ck]mbp
\`x{IamXv .
2. apJymXv ]qthmssc`mssK `qtX `qtX
NXpXpx ]qhamImiam{inXy ]rYnhymZnjp
kwnXmx
3. apJymZqt[z]cmtbm \ ]cm\p
cm hnZpx
Ghawtim`y`qkv amt`ymmw
timly `qYm
4. XkvamZt\ym\yam{inXy tlymXw
t{]mXa\p {IamXv.
]`qXabo `qanx km tNX\ka\znXm
5. XX Huj[tbm w N XXx
]nWv UmXp hn[mx
ckmkrMv amwk
tatZm n am ip{ImWn [mXhx
AxIcWw hym\, Npv, ckw, KpZw, hym\
Fnh Hmtcm XXznsbpw ]IpXn `mKtmSpw ap
XXzfpsS ]Xn\mdp IeItfmSpw tNXmWv .
BImimZnIfmb Hmtcm `qXnsbpw apJy`mKhpw ap
`qXfpsS ]nnepff \mep `mKfpw ]`qXfn
nXnsNpp. apJy`mKyn\v apIfnepffhsb
kqva `qXsapw ]nnepffXns\ qecq]sapw
[cnpI. cpw At\ym\yw _nncnpp. ChtbmSv
tNv ]m`qXabamb ]rYzn tNX\m XXzw tNXp
amWv. ]noSv ]rYznbn \nv sNSnIfpw Ahpw \mep
hn[w ]nWvUhpw ckcamwktamZmn amip
fmb Ggp [mXpfpw cq]w sImffpp.
6. tI Nn tZymKXx ]nWvUmx`qtX`yx kw`mhm
IzNnXv .
Xkvanabx ]nWvtUm \m`n aWvUe
kwnXx
7. Akypaty kvXn lrZbw k\mew ]Zv atIm
iaXv
kXzm hnt\m
tZhmx I{Xlmc tNX\x
]Zm[njv TntXm u
8. Aky _oPw Xax ]nWvUhw tamlcq]w PUw
[\w
htX IWvT am{inXy an{inXy an{io`q
XanZwPKXv
9. {]XyKmcq]mm aq[v\n mt\ ]tc ]tZ.
A in kwbptm PK{Zqt]W `mktX
10. kh{XhtX Pm{KXv kz]v\w Pm{KXn
htX.
kpjp]vXw N Xpcobw N \m\yhmkp
Ip{XNnXv .
[mXp kwtbmKm NnebnSv ]nWv Ufpm
Ipp. \m`nm\mWv Aab ]nWvUw. AXns
a[yn \mfbp]tImi kZriamb lrZbw
nXnsNpp. AXnpffn Irmlmcapff
tZhm hknpp. tamlmIamb XtamKpW
]nWv Uw FmbnSpw hym]nncnpp. B\
cq]nbmb Hmtcm Bmhpw ]ca]Zamb aq[mhns
m\v A\ intbmsS PKXv cq]n {]Imin
pp. FhnsSbpw Pm{KZhbpv . kz]v\w Pm{K
n nXn sNpp. kpjp]v Xn Xpcobw Fo
AhI ap AhIfnen.
11. khtZtijz\pkyqXXp cq]x
inhmIx
bYm alm^te kth ckmx kh
{]hImx
12. XssYhm\matb tImi tImimkvXnjvTn
Nmtc.
bYm tImikvXYm Pothm bYm PohkvXYm
inhx
13. khnImckvXYm Pothm \nhnImckvXYm
inhx
tImimkv XkyhnImckv tX hyhmkp
{]hImx
14. bYm ckmitb t^\w aY\m tZh PmbtX
at\manaY\mtZh hnIev]m _lhkvXYm
15. IWm htX Io XXv
XymKmn am]v\p
bmXv , Abt\ ZntW {]m]vtX {]]m`n
apJw KXx
I K
N P
475
anI ^efn kh{X ckw hym]nncnp
Xpt]mse khm\fnepw inhkzcq]w \mep
cq]fn Dv. AhnsS Aab tImin ap
tImi tNcpp. tImiw t]mse Xs Poh\pw
Pohs\tmse Xs ]cammhpw C{Xtb Acapffq.
Poh hnImc klnXhpw ]cammhv hnImcclnXhpam
Ipp. tImiw Xs Pohs hnImcw. AXv Fm Ah
bnepw {]h\\ncXamWv. ]m ISbptm ]X
DIpXpt]mse a\v aZ\w sNptm hnhn[
hnImcfpmIpp. IfpsS AkvXznXzw I
memWv . I XymKamWv imnv tlXp. ZnWmb
\n {]]m`napJyw DmIpp.
16. Almcm`namt\\ Pohx kymn kZminhx
kNmhnthI {]IrXn kwKXym X{X apNytX
17. \m\mtbm\niXw KXzm titXku
hmk\mhimXv
hntammXv kctXyh ayx
IqeZzbw bYm
18. XXx ImehimtZh lym m\ hnthIXx
Dcm`naptJm `qXzm m\mXvm\mcw
{IamXv
19. \m\mtbm\niXw KXzm titXku
hmk\mhimXv
hntammXv kctXyh ayx IqepZzbw
bYm
aq[v\ym[mbm\x {]mW tbmKm`ymkw
nXc
tbmKmXv kwPmbtX m\w m\mXv
tbmKx{]htX
20. tbmKm\]tcm\nXyw k tbmKo \
{]WiyXn
hnImcw inhw ]tiyXv hnImc
inth\ Xp
21. tbmK {]ImiIw tbmssK [ymtbm\\y
`mh\
tbmKmt\ \ hntZytX Xky`mthm \
knyXn
kZminh AXmbXv ]cammhn\v Almcbp
ambXn\mPohtImSnbn {]thintn hcpp.
AhnthImepw {]IrXn kwtbmKmepw AXn\v
taml{KkvXamtIn hcpp. hmkIfn IpSpn ]eXp
ambn P\ntn hcpw. ayw cp IcIpan-
Sbvs t]mse AetbXmbpw hcpp. ]ns Ime
{]`mhm hnthIhpw Bm\hpw t\Sptm
Dcm`napJambn Hcp m\p \nv asmcp m\
tbv v t]mIpp. {]mWs\ aqmhn [cnv tbmKm
`ymk \ncX\mIpp. tbmKm m\hpw m\
m tbmKhpw t\Sn \milo\\mIpp. hnImcfnepw
Ah {_`mhw hlnpw. hnImcclnX\mbn A\
\y`mth\ {_s [ym\npI As\bpff m\
tbmKw knnmh\v apn e`npIbn.
22. Xkv amZ`ymktbmtK\ a\x{]mWmn
tcm[tbXv
tbmKo\n inX [mtcW ptctWh
\nIr tbXv
23. inJmm\abohrn bamZyjvSmw K
km[ss\x
m\ tbmKx ItbmKx CtXymtKm
Zzn[m aXx
24. {InbmtbmKatYZm\o. irWp
{_mW ka
AhymIpeky Nnky _\w
hnjtbIy NnXv.
Cs\ tbmKm`ymkm {]mWfn \npw
a\ns\ tcm[nWw InbpsS hmbvebm AXv
tOZnWw. ba\nbamZnIfmb AjvSmwKtbmK km[\
bn \npw m\abnbmb inJ DmIpp. tbmKw
m\tbmKsapw ItbmKsapw cmWv. tl
{_mW ka, Ctm ItbmKsn ]dbmw
AhymIpe\mbh hnjb_fn s]Spn.
25. bXv kwtbmtKm ZznPt{ijv T k N ssZzhn
[yaiv \ptX
I Ihy anXyth hnlntXjzh
Ikp
26. _\w a\tkm \nXyw ItbmK k
DNytX
bp Nnky kXXat t{ibko
_\w
27. m\tbmKx khntbx khknn
Icx inhx
btkymetW tbmtKm Zznhnt[
]yhybw a\x
28. kbmXn ]caw t{itbm tam eW
aRvPkm
tZtl{ntbjp sshcmKyw ba CXypNytX
_pss[x
29. A\pcntc Xtz kXXw \nbax kvarX
khhkv XpXypZmko\`mham\k apaw.
I K
N P
476
30. PKXv khanZw anYym {]XoXn {]mWkwbax
NnkymaptJm`mhx {]Xymlmc
kvXp ka.
tl ka, AtX hn[w kwtbmKhpw cphn[
amWv . imkv {Xm\pIqeamb Ifn a\ns\
\n{Klnp sImncnpXmWv . ItbmKw. Nns
\nccw Xs \bvv hn\ntbmKnpXmWv m\
tbmKhpw AXp \nanw BXvakw_nIfmb kIe
knnIfpw \nhnImc\mbn sNph XmaknbmsX
Xs ]cat{ibv t\Spp. kh hn[nepw Zlt\
{nbtfmSpff sshcmKy`mhs baw Fp ]dbpp.
]ca XXztmSv kZm A\pcmKnbmbncnpIsbpff
XmWv. \nbaw. PKv, anYysbv t_m[ysSpIbmWv
{]mWmbmaw Nnn A apJnbmb hrn {]Xym
lmcamIpp.
31. Nnky \neo`mthm [mcWm
[mcWw hnZpx
tkm lw Nnm{XtathXn Nn\w
[ym\apNyXn
32. [ym\ky hnkvarXnx kayIv kam[ncZobtX
AlnwkmkXyakvtXbw {_Ncyw
ZbmPhw
33. am [rXn anXmlmcx iuNw NvXn bam Zi
X]x kpjvSncmkvXnIyw Zm\amcm[\w
ltc
34. thZm{ihWw ssNh {loaXn
Pt]m {hX
Bk\mZn XZwKm\n kzkvXnImZo\n ssh ZznP
35. hWyt kzkvXnIw ]mZXetbm
cp`tbmc]n
]qthmtcPm\p\o tZz IrXzmk\
apZocnXw
Nnw \neamn shbvemWv [mcW. Rm
Nn\am{Xm cq]amWv F `mh\bmWv [ym\w. [ym\w
]qambpw hnkvacnpXv kam[n. Alnwk, kXyw,
Akv tXbw, {_Ncyw, Zb, BPhw, a, ss[cyw,
anXmlmcw, ipNnXzw Fns\ \nba ]phn[
apv. Zm\w, `KhZmcm[\w, thZm, {ihWw {low P]w
Fnhsb {hXsav ]dbpp. kzkv XnImZn Bk\
sf kw_nmsWn cp ]mZXesfbpw
cpappIfpsSbpw a[yn m]nv CcnpXmWv
kzkvXnImk\w.
36. kt]y ZnWKp^w Xp ]rjvT ]mtiz
\ntbmPtbXv
ZnW ]n XZm khyw tKmapJw
tKmapJw bYm
37. GIw NcWa\ykv an Dcmhmtcm]y \nex
BkvtXbZnZ tat\mLv\w hocmk\ apZncnXw
38. KpZw \nba Kp^m`yw hypXv {ItaW
kamlnXx
tbmKmk\w `hvtZX ZnXn tbmKhntZm hnZpx
39. Duthm]co ssh [t bZm ]mZXte Dt`
]mk\w `thtZXXv kh hym[nhn
jm]lw
40. hypXv{ItasWh lkvXm`ymw _]mZ
amk\w`thXv
hes apv ]rjv T `mKv CSp `mKpw
CSs apv hep`mKpw m]nptm tKmapJw
t]mencnpXmWv tKmapJmk\w. Hcp ]mZw CSs
XpSbnepw atXv hes XpSbnepw shm AXv
hocmk\amIpp. heXp Imens Dqnsb KpZns
CSp`mKpw CbXp Imens Dqn KpZn heXp
`mKpw shncpm AXns\ tbmKmk\sav ]dbp
p. cp XpSIfnepw cp ImepIfpsSbpw ]mZ
]mZ shpsImncnpXv ]Zvamk\w. CXv kh
hym]n lchpw hnjm]lhpamWv . ]mk\n
icnncpv heXp ssI sImv CSXp Imense Xffhnc
ens\bpw ]nSnpXv _]mZv amk\amWv.
41. ]Zv amk\wkpkwm]y
Pm\qthmctcIcu
\nthiy `qamhXnjv tTZv thymax
IppSmk\x
42. IppSmk\ _tm t`m`ymw kw_y
Icw
titX IqhZpm\ GX Zqm\
IqIw
43. ]mZmwKpjvTu Xp ]mWn`ymw KrloXzm
{ihWmh[n
[\pcmIjIIrjv Sw[\pcmkm\aocnXw
44. koh\ow KptZim`ymw\nhoUy hypXv
{ItaW Xp
{]kmcy Pm\pt\mkvXmhmk\w
knwlcq]Iw
45. Kp^u N hrjWkym[x koh\yp`b
]miztbmx
\nthiy `qau lkvXm `ymw _[zm`{Zmk\w
`thXv
icnv ]mk\nencpv cp ssIIsfbpw
apns XpSIsfbpw a[yn \npw amn `qanbn
Ddnv icocs BImin m]nm AXv
IppSmk\amWv . IppSm\\mbncpv cp `pP
I K
N P
477
sfbpw cp kv Isfbpw _nv Basbtmse
\nhncnpXv . Dm\Iqmk\w. cp Imen
sbpw XffhncepIsf ]nSnv hnns BIrXnbn
IXphsc henm AXp [\pcmk\ambn. cp Dqn
Ifm kohn\nm\s hnc]oX hn[nbn Aan
cp appIsfbpw ssIItfbpw ]cn nXnsNpXv
knwlmk\w. koh\nbpsS cp ]mizfnepw cp
DqnIsfbpw shv ssIImepI _nncpm
AXv `{Zk\amIpw.
46. koh\o]miza`bw. Kp^m`ymw hypXv
{ItaW Xp
\n]oUyk\taX apmk\apZncnXw
47. Ahjv S`y[cmw kayIv Xmem`ymw lkv X
tbmZztbmx
Iqc \m`n ]mtizXp m]bnXzm
abqchXv
48. kapXv incx ]mZw abqcmk\anjytX
hmtamcpaqte Zmw{Lnw Pmt\z thjv SnXm
]mWm
49. hmta\ hmamwKpjvTw Xp KrloXm ay
]oTIw
tbm\ow hmta\ kw]oUy ta{UmZp]cn
ZnWw
50. EPpImbx kamko\x knmk\ apZocnXw
{]kmcy`qhn ]mZu Xp tZm`ymamKpjvT
amZcmXv
51. Pm\q]cn eemSw Xp ]naw Xm\apNytX
tbm\tI\{]ImtcW kpJw [mcyw N
PmbtX
52. XXv kpJmk\anXyai kvXXv
kamNtcXv
Bk\w hnPnXw tb\ PnXw tX\ PK{Xbw
cp DqnIfm koh\nbpsS Ccp]miz
fpsSbpw hn]coX coXnbn AanshncnpXv
apmk\w. cpssIesfbpw `qanbn m]nv
cp ssIesfbpw `qanbn m]n v cp
ssIappIsfbpw s]mnfns cp ]mizfnepw
tNv abnens\tmse icocw apgph\pw s]mn
incpw Imepw tatemp s]mn shm AXv abqcm
k\amWv . CSXp Imense Dqnsb koh\nbn tNv
heXpIm D]n\p apIfn shv icocw \nhn
t\scbncnpXmWv knmk\w. cp ImepIsfbpw
\nev Ipn cp ssIsImpw ImepIfnse Xffhn
cpI ]nSnv incv appIfn tNm AXv ]mtam
mk\amWv. kpJhpw ncXbpw e`n hn[w
CcnppJmk\amWv. IgnhptISpsImv amk\
sNm Ignbmhv CXv kzoIcnmw. Bk\w
Pbnh aqp temIhpw Pbnm Ignhp t\Spw.
53. bssa \nbssassh Bkss\ kp
kwbXx
\mUoipow N IrXzmZu {]mWmbmaw kam
NtcXv
54. tZlam\w kzmwKpen`nx jhXpwKp embXw
{]mWx icocm[ntIm ZzmZimwKpeam\Xx
55. tZla\new tZlkapZv `qtX\ hn\m
\yq\w kaw hm tbmtK\ Iph
{_hnZnjytX
56. tZlat[y inJnm\w X]v XPmw_q \Z{]Zw
{XntImWw Zzn]Zm a\yXp c{w NXpjv]Zw
57. hrw hnlwKam\mw Xp jU{kw k
P\mw
Ajv Smw{kw tkzZPm\mw Xp Xkvan Zo]h
Zpzew
Im\w a\pjymWmw tZla[y \mhmw
Kpew
NXpcwKpeapty[w NXpcwKpewambXw
58. AWv UmIrXnXnXncmw N ZznPm\mw N
NXpjv ]Zmw
Xpa[yw XZnjv Sw ssh X[yw
\m`ncnjytX
59. X{X N{Iw ZzmZimcw tXjp hnjvWzmZn
aqbx
AlwX{X nX{Iw {`mabman kzambbm
60. Atcjp {`atX Pohx {ItaW ZznPka
Xp ]RvPca[ym bYm {`aXn eXnIm
ba\nbamk\fn \mbn \mUotim[\
sNbvXv {]mWmbmaw sNWw a\pjy icocns Afhv
Xs hncepI sImfm sXmqmdmwKpeamWv.
icocsmfpw {]mW ]{wKpew hepXmWv.
tZlnXamb hmbphns\ tZlmnbpsS kwtbm
Km \yq\tamkatam BpXn\m {_m\w
e`npp. a\pjyicoc a[yn X]vX kph
{]`amb {XntImWmI Anm\w e`npp. \m
menIfn Anm\w NXpjv tmWnemWv .
nIfpsSXv Bdp tImWpffXv; tkzZPfpsSXv Fp
tImWpffXv a\pjy icocn B m\pw H]
XmwKpeapff Zo]{]Imi Xpeyamb Hcp Iw nXn
sNpp. \ncypI ]nI \mmenI Fn
hbn Cu Iw AWvUImcamWv. AXns a[ym\w
I K
N P
478
\m`nbmWv . CXn ]{v Acfpff N{Iapv.
AXn hnjvWp XpSnb tZhmcpsS cq]v ImWmw.
Cu N{Is {_amb Rm kzambbm Idnsm
ncnpp. Cu ]{p Acfnepw PohnI Nnen
kzw hebn kcnpXpt]mse kcnpp.
61. {]mWm[ncqVcXn PohkvtX\hn\m \ln
Xtbmt[z IpWv Ueom\w\mt`kvXncy
KtYm [zXx
62. Ajp{]IrXncq]m km NmjvS[m IpWvU
eoIrXn
bYmhZzmbp kmcw Pe\mZn N \nXy ix
63. ]cnXx I ]mtiz Xp \ncpsshykZm
nXm
aptJss\h kamthjvSy {_c{apJw
XYm
64. tbmKImtem\ acpXm kmn\m t_m[nXm
kXo
kv ^pcnXm lrZbmImti \mKcq]matlmPzem
65. A]m\mzw KpemZq[zat[m ta{Vky
XmhXm
tZla[yw a\pjymWmw lr[yw Xp
NXpjv]Zmw.
{]mWnIfn BcpUambn Pohk Idpp.
AXp IqSmsX km[ya. AXn\p apIfn IpWv Uen
\nbpsS hf DXm\amWv. AXv AjvS{]IrXn
cq]Iw Fp hn[w IpWvUeoIrXambn Ips Bh
Ww sNbvXpw \nesImffpXmWv. AXv Ahmbp
fpsS kmcw XSppp. {_c{ns apJs
kzapJm BhcWw sNpp. tbKm`ymk\m
IpWvUen\oin hmbphn\m DWs Xo t]mse
lrZbmImin \mKcq]n Dzeambn kv ^pcn
pp. A]m\\n \npw cwKpew apIfn ta{V
n\p Xmsg a\pjy icocns a[y`mKamWv .
\mevmenIfpsS a[y`mKw AhbpsS lrZbm\amWv .
66. CXtcjmw Xpat[y {]mW]m\kambpXx
NXpjv {]Imc_vZybptX tZlat[y
kpjpav\bm
67. Ia[ynXm \mUo kpjpav \m
kp{]Xnjv TnXm
]kq{X {]XImim EqZz {]hn\o
68. {_tWm hnhcw bmhZznZypZm`mk \meIw
sshjv Who {_\mUn N \nhmW
{]m]v Xn]Xnx
69. CUm N ]nwKem ssNh XkymxkthXtc
ntX
CUm kapnXm ImZzma \mkm]pSmhn[n
70. ]nwKem tNmnXm Xkv amXv Z\mkm
]pSmh[n
Kmmco lkvXPnlzmb N tZz Nmt\y
\mUntIntX
71. ]pcXx ]rjv TXkvXky hmtaXc Zriu {]Xn
]qjmbikzn\o \mUym Xkv amtZh
kapntX
72. kthyXc{ipXyh[n ]mbpaqemZew_pkm
At[mKXm ip`m\mUo ta{Vmmhn[n
cmbXm.
ap PohnIfpsS a[y`mKw \m`oa[ynemWv .
{]mWm]m\ kwbpamb kpjpav\m \mUn tZln
\mep hn[nepv . Ins a[y`mKpff kpjv\
Xmac\q t]mse AXn kqv aamWv. AXv t\sc
apIfntemv t]mIpp. _c{w hsc t]mIp Cu
sshjv Who {_\mUn an t]mse {]ImiapffXpw
\nhmW`hpamWv . AXns cp hipw CUm
]nwKem \mUnIfmWv. CU In \npw ]pdsv
CSs aqp hsc t]mbncnpp. ]nwKe hes
aqphscbpw t]mbncnpp. ]nwKe hes aqph
scbpw Kmmclkv Xn Pnlz Chbpw IqSmsX cp
\mUnIfpw AhnsSbpv . Iphsc Ah \op
InSpp. ]qjmbikzn\n Cu \mUnI KpZ aqen
\npw ]pdsv CSsbpw hesbpw sNhn hsc
t]mbncnpp. Aew_pk F \mUn ta{V m\
ns Ahkm\w hscbmWv.
73. ]mZmwKpjvTmh[nx ImZt[m bmXm
N IuinIo
Zi{]Imc`qXmkvXmx IYnXm I kw`hmx
74. Xqemx _lthm \mUyx qe kqvam
\mUnImx
Zznk]vXXn kl{kmWn qemx kqvam
\mUbx
75. kwJymXpw ss\h iIyt qeaqem
]rYKzn[mx
bYmizZtf kqvamx qbm
hnXXm kv XYm
76. {]mWm ]m\u kam\ DZmt\ hym\
Gh N
\mKx Iq IrItcm tZhZtm
[\bx
77. Ncn Zi\mUojp Zi{]mWmZn hmbhx
{]mWmZn]Iw tXjp {][m\w X{X N Zzbw
I K
N P
479
78. {]mW GhmYhmtPyjvtTm Pohmm\w
hn`nxbx
Bky\mknItbma[yw lrZbw \m`n
aWvUew
79. ]mZmw KpjvTanXn {]mW m\m\n ZznP
ka
A]m\cXn {_ KpZvta{Vmcp Pm\pjp
80. kam\x khknx ]mZtbm
lkv X tbmc]n.
IuinIn F \mUn In \npw Imens
Xffhnc hsc t]mbnpv . Cs\ Cu \mUnI
In \nv ]pdshsbv ]dbsSpp. IqSmsX
Gsd kqva \mUnI Dv . AhbpsS kwJy Fgp
]n Cucmbncw hcpw. hepXpw sNdpXpamb Ch
F{Xsbv ]dbpI {]bmkw. Acbmen RcpI
t]mse Ah icocn hym]nncnpp. {]mW,
A]m\, kam\, DZm\, hy\, \mKw, Iqw,
IrIcw, tZhXw, [\bw Fo ]p hmbpfpw
\mUnIfn IqSn kcnpp. Chbn {]mW
XpSnb AsamWv {][m\w. Asn {]mW,
A]m\ Cu csw apJyamWv. Poh[mcWamb
{]mW\mWv apJyw, {_mW t{ijvTm, {]mWs apJy
kv Ym\fn AmWvapJw,\mknIbpsS a[y`mKw,
lrZbw, \m`naWvUew, Imense Xffhnc; A]m\
KpZw, ta{Vw, XpS, apv Fnhbn kcnpp. kam
\ khmwKfnepw hy]n n cn pp. DZm\
ssIImepIfnepw Fm knm\fnepw BWv.
81. hym\x t{imt{XmcpISymw N Kpev^ kv I
Ktfjp N
\mKmZn hmbhx ]XzKymZnjp
kwnXmx
82. XpPeaw N ckmZo\n kaoIrXw
Xpa[yKXx {]mWkvXm\n IpcymXv
]rYIv ]rYIv
83. CXyZn tNjv S\w {]mWx ItcmXn N ]rYIv
kwnXw
A]m\hmbp ap{XmtZxItcmXn N hnkP\w
84. {]mWm]m\mZn tNjv SmZn {InbtX hym\hm
bp\m
DoctX icocapZmt\\ \`kzXm
85. t]mjWmZnicocky \mKxIqtmmZn
\naoen\x
hym\hmbp, sNhn, IWm, Ac, Dqn, tXm,
Igpv Fnhbnepw \mKmZnIfmb Ap hmbp
Xznepw An apXembhbnepw nXnsNpp.
Bamibnse Pew, Aw, ckw apXembhsb
{]mWhmbp {]tXyIambn AXp nXnsNpp. ae
aq{X hnkP\ Imcy A]m\ sNpp. hym\
sktbmKtmsSbmWv {]mWm]m\ {]hn
pXv . icocamb DZm\ Du[zKmanbmWv .
icoct]mjWw AXp aptJ\bmWv . Gw apXembh
\mKw F hmbphn\m \Spp. Iqns
{]hnbmWv IpI XpdpXpw ASbvpXpw.
86. IrIcx p[tbmxImZtm \n{ZmZn
IIrXv
arXK{Xky tim`mtZ [\RvPb DZmlrXx
87. \mUot`Zw acpXvt`Zw acpXmw m\tah N
tNjvSmNhnhn[mkv tXjmw mssXzhw ZznP
ka
88. ipubtX \mUo\mw ]qthm m\
kwbpx
hnhnw tZiamkmZy khkw_
hPnXx
89. tbmKmwK {Zhykqw X{XZmcpatb ipt`
Bkt\ Iev]ntX Z` IpiIrjv WmPn
\mZn`nx
90. XmhZmk\aptt[ XmhZvZzbkamb tX
D]hniymk\w kayIv kzkvXnImZn
bYm cpNn
IrIchmbp hnipmpp. tZhZw \n{ZmZnI
[\bs IrXyamWv {_mWhcy, \mZnIfpsSbpw
hmbp fp sSbp w { ]mWfp sSbpw m\fp w
{InbIfpw hnhn[ coXnbnemWv. Ah a\nemWw.
hn[n{]Imcw \mUnI ipoIcnv _ shSnv
GIm m\v tbmK[\bv p ]nb km[\fpw
acw sImpff IpSnen, Z`Ipi, am tXm sImp
ff Bk\w Chbpw XbmdmWw. AwK kam\
fmIpXphsc Bk\ [mcW sNWw. kzkv XnI
XpSnb Bk\ cpNn\pkcnv sNpIbpw
thWw.
91. _[zm {]mKmk\w hnt{]m EpImbx
kamlnXx
\mkm{K\ykv X\bt\m ZssZm\
kwk]ri
92. ck\mw Xmeq\n\ky kzNntm
\ncmabx
BIpnXincx InwNnn_v [tbmKap{Zbm
93. lkvXu btYmhn[n\m {]mWmbmaw
kamNtcXv
tcN\w ]qcWw hmtbm tim[\w tcN\w
XYm
I K
N P
480
94. NXp`nx ti\w htbmx {]mWmbma
DZocytX
lkvtX\ ZntWss\h ]oUtbmko Im
]pSw.
95. iss\x iss\cY _lnx {]nt]Zv
]nwKem\ne
CUbm hmbpam]qcy {_ tjmUi
am{Xbm
96. ]qcnXwIpw`tbXv ]mXvNXpx jjvSymXp
am{Xbm
Zzm{Xniw am{Xbm kayIv tcNtbXv
]nwKem\new.
BZyw Bk\nencpv icocw t\scbmn
\mkm{Kn ZrjvSnbpdnv ]pI Xn kv]
inmsX \mv Amn sXmSpn kza\mbn
incv Ip\nv tbmKap{Zbn ssIIv _nv hn[n
t]mse {]mWmbmaw sNWw. tcNIw ]qcIw hmbp
kwtim[\w tcNIw Fnh sNWw. Cs\ \mep
{]Imcn hmbphns\ NennpXmWv {]mWmbmaw.
hep ssIbm \mkm]pcpw Aan, CSs
aqn IqSn hmbphns\ Dffntev hnSWw. ]ns
]Xn\mdp am{XsImv hmbp Dffntev henv Adp]
n\mep am{Xbn Ipw`Iw sNbvXv apn cp
am{XsImp hmbphns\ ]nwKe \mUn aptJ\ shfnbn
tev hnSWw.
97. Ghw ]p\x ]p\x Imcyw hymXv {Iaym\p
{ItaW Xp
kqIpw`htlw Ipw`tbmXcniz \m
98. ]qcWmmUbxkhmx ]qcbt amXcniv
iz\m
Ghw IrtX kXn {_i Ncn Zi hmbvhx
99. lrZbmw t`mcplw Nm]n hymtImNw `hXn
kv ^pSw
X{X ]tiyXv ]cmm\mw hmkptZha
Ievajw.
100. {]mX a[ynt\kmbacmt{X N Ipw `b
iss\ cioXn ]cyw NXp hmcw kat`yXv
Cu hn[n hopw hopw {IaamIpw hn]coX
{Ianepw A`yknpIbpw Dffn \ndp \np
hmbphns\ IpSw t]mse \ntcm[npIbpw thWw,
AXpaqew kIe \mUnIfpw hmbphm \ndv Ahbn
eqsSbpff hmbp kmcw {Iam\pKXamIpw. lrZbIaew
hnIknpw. `Khm hmkptZhs Zi\w e`npIbpw
sNpw.Cu hn[nbn Imepw \pbvpw sshIpt
chpw A cm{Xnbnepw \mep XhW Ipw`Iw sNbvXv
AXv {ItaW F]Xv am{Xhsc FnWw.
101. GImlam{Xw IphmWw. kh]mss]
{]apNytX
kwhc{Xbm Zq[zw {]mWmban ]tcm \cx
102. tbmK kntm `thtZymKo hmbp PnZznPn
tX{nbx
Aev]mio kzev ] \n{Z tXPkzo _ehm
`thXv
103. AarXypaXn {Iay ZoLambpw hm]v\pbmXv
{]tkzZP\\w bky {]mWmbm akvXp tkm
[x
104. I\w ]pcptjm bky {]mWmbmta jp
a[yax
Dm\w h]ptjm bky k Da DZmlrXx
105. A[ta hym[n]m]m\mw \mix kym[yta
]p\x
]m] tcmK almhym[n \mix kymZpta
]p\x
106. Aev] aqt{Xm ev]hnjwjeLptZtlm
anXmi\x
]Szn{nbx ]SpaXnx Ime{Xb hnZmhm.
Cu hn[nb\pkcnv Hcp Znhkw A`yknm Xs
kIe ]m]fn \npw tamN\w Inpw. aqp hjw
Cs\ {]mWmbmaw sNph tbmKkn\mIpw.
tbmKn hmbphns\ Pbnh\pw PntX{nb\pw Aev ]m
lmcnbpw Aev] \n{Zbpffh\pw tXPkznbpw _ehm\p
amIpp. AIme acW`bw Xov ZoLmbpjv am
\mIp {]mWmbmaw sNptm hnbpmIpXv
A[aamWv . icocn\v hndbpmIpXv a[yaw. icocw
taevt]mp s]mnbm Daw A[a {]mWmbmaw
sImpw hym[nIfpw ]m]fpw amdpw; Daw sImv
Aev ] aq{Xhpw Aev ] aehpw icocemLhhpw Aev]m
lmchpw knnpp. _po{nbXo{hX Inpw. {XnIme
m\n\pw D]Icnpw.
107. tcNIw ]qcIw apzm Ipw`oIcWtah bm
ItcmXn {Xnjp Imtejp ss\h XkymkvXn
Zpe`w
108. \m`n It N \mkmt{K ]mZmwKpjv tT N
bXv \hm
[mctb\km, {]mW kym Imtejp
hm kZm
109. khtcmssK hn\n aptm Poh tZymKo
KXax
IpntcmKhn\mix kymm`n Itjp
[mcWmXv
I K
N P
481
110. \mkmt{K [mcWmZv ZoLambpx kymZv
tZlemLhw
{_t alpt kw{]m]vtX hmbpamIrjy
Pnlzmbm
111. ]nt_X {Xnjp amtkjp hmIvknn alXo
`thXv
A`ykX jamkm almtcmK
hn\mi\w.
tcNIhpw ]qcIhpw IqSmsX Ipw`Iw am{Xw
sNph\pw {Xn`qh\nepw Hpw Zp`a. {]bXv\
imenbmb km[I \m`o Inepw \mkm{Knepw
Hpw Zp`a. {]bXv\ imenbmb km[I \m`o
Inepw \mkm{Knepw ]mZw KpjvTnepw kmZI
kymkabw a\km {]mWs\ [mcWw sNWw
Cs\bpff km[I khtcmKhnap\mIpw
\m`otIn {]mWs\ [mcWw sNbvXm DZctcmKw
ianpw. \mkm{Knse ZoLmbpv ; {_aqlq
n \mneqsS hmbp henv ]m\w sNbvXm aqp
amkn\pffn hmIv knn e`npp. Bdpamkw
sNbvXm almtcmK hnpamdpw.
112. b{X b{X [rtXm hmbpcmtK tcmKmZn ZqjntX
[mcWm tZhacpXkvX ZmtcmKy aiv\ptXx
113. a\tkm [mcWmtZh ]ht\m [mcntXm `thXv
a\kx ]t\ tlXpcpNytX ZznP ]pwKh
114. ImcWm\n kamlrXy hnjtb`yx kamlnXx
A]m\ aq[zamIrtjy ZpZtcm]cn [mctbXv
115. _ Icm`ymw t{im{XmZnIcWm\n
bYmXYw
bpm\ky btYmIvtX\ h\m
kzhiw a\x
tcmK ]oUnX\mb icocmwKfn hmbphns\
[cnm tcmKw hnpamdpp. a\ns\bpw [cnWw.
C{nbsf hnjbfn \nv \nhnnWw.
A]m\hmbphns\ apIfntebv mIjnv apIfn
[cnWw. ssIsImv t{im{XmZnIcWfpw _n
Ww. a\v himhZamIm Cu km[\ D]Icnpw.
116. at\m himZv {]mWhmbpx kztim]y
tX kZm
\mknIm ]pStbmx {]mWmx ]cymtbW
{]htX
117. Xn{k \mUnImkvXmkp k bmhw
NcXybw
imJn\o hnhtc bmtay {]mWm {]mW`rXmw
kXmw.
118. Xmhw N ]p\x Imew kutay NcXn
kXw
Cw {ItaW NcXm hmbp\m hmbpPncx
119. Al cm{Xnx ]w N amkarXzmb\mZnIw
A aptJm hnPm\obmXv Imt`Zw
kamlnXx
120. AwKpjvTmZn kzmhbkv^pcWmZit\c]n
AcnjvssSPohnX kym]n Pm\obmXv
bmam\x
Cs\ a\v \nb{nWnembm {]mWhmbp
\nb{nXamIpw. \mknIbneqsS {Iam\pkcWw hpw
t]mbpancnmw. \mUnI aqmWv. {]mWmbmaw sNp
km[Is izmkw \mknIbneqsS {Iam\pKXambn
\Spp. {]mWhmbp \nb{nph {]mWPn\m
Ipp. ]ns Ah ]I cm{Xn ]w amkw Ab\w
FnhbpsS Imet`Zs A apJ\mbn Adnbpp.
Xffhnc XpSnb Ahbhfn cKXnsImv
\mUnIfnepmIp XpSnv \np ]w AXv
PohnXmhkm\sav [cnpI.
121. mXzm btXX ssIhey{]m]vXtb
tbmKhnax
]mZmwKpjvtT IcmKpjvtT kv^pcWw bky
\ {ipXnx
122. Xky kwh cmZqzw PohnXkytb
`thXv aWn_t XYm Kpevt^ kv^pcWw
bky\iyXn.
123. jmkmh[ntcXky PohnXky nXn
`thXv
Iqtc kv^pcWw bky Xky ss{Xamko
ImnXn.
124. Iptal\]mtiz N kv^pcWm\p
]ew`tX
amkmh[n PohXky XZ[\y Xp Zit\
125. B{intX PcZzmtc Zn\m\n Zi PohnXw
tbmKn A\njv S kqN\I Adnv tam
km[\bn ebnWw. Imense s]cphnc ssIbnse
s]cphnc Chsb kv^pcWw A\p`hsSmXncpm
Ah\v Hcp sImn IqSpX PohnXan. ssI
bnepw apnepapff kv^pcWw \nm Ahs
PohnXw Bdpamkw am{Xw. ssIapn kv^pcWansn
PohnXmh[n aqp amkamWv; hbdv D]w Fnh
bnse kv ^pcWw \nem Hcp amkn\pffnepw
t\{XfnteXv \nm ]Xnmep Znhkn\Iw
acWw kw`hnpw. PtcZzmcn kv ^pcWansn
I K
N P
482
PohnXmh[n ]p ZnhkamWv. tPymXnv anman\p
n\p Xpeyambm PohnXmh[n Ap Znhksav
a\nemWw.
126. Pnlzm{Km Zit\ {XoWn Zn\m\n n
Xncm\x
Pzmembmx Zit\ arXyp ZznZnt\ `hXn
{[phw
127. GhamZo\ycnjvSm\n Zrjv Smbpx bImcWw
\nxt{ibkmb bpoX P][ym\]cmbWx
128. a\km ]camm\w [ymXzm X{Zq]XmanbmXv
bZyjvSmZit`tZjp a mt\jp [mcWw.
129. m\mXv m\w kam Irjy {]Xymlmc
kDNytX
]mZmwKpjvTw XYm Kpev^w PwLma[yw
XssYhN
130. a[ytam thm aqew hmbp lrZbtah N
tal\w tZla[yw N \m`nw N KfIqcw
131. Xmepaqew N aqew N {LmW kym vtWm
aWv Uew
{`pthma[yw eemSw N aqeaq[zw N Pm\p\n.
132. aqew N Ictbm aqew almt\yXm\n
ssh ZznP
]`qXatb tZtl `qtX tjzm tXjp
]kp.
\mns Aw ImWm km[nmsX hm aqp
Zkhpw Pzme ImWpXv \npt]mbm cp Znhkhpw
Fp [cnWw. cpw kw`hnm acWw \nbw
Xs hmbpbamWv . an tcmKn\pw ImcWw AXp
a\nemn awKfn\pXIp Ch [ym\]c\mbn
{_ssIyn\v thXpw sNWw. icocnse
]Xns\p am\fnepw {]Xymlmcw thWw. Hcp
m\p \npw asmcp m\tbvmIjnpI
FXmWv {]Xymlmcw. Imense Xffhnc Dqn,
XpSbpsS a[y`mKw, Ducphns a[yw KpZmaqew, lrZbw,
tZla[yw, \m`n, IWv Tw, apv, Xmepaqew \mknImaqew,
t\{X aWv Uew ]pcnIfpsS a[yw s\n, intcmaqew
apns aqewhmkv Xaqew ChbmWv . icocnse
{][m\s am\.
133. a\tkm [mcWw bZypky N bamZn`nx
[mcWm km N kwkmckmKctcmmc
ImcWw
134. BPm\p]mZ ]cyw ]rYnhom\ anjytX
]nem NmXpc {km N hkp[m h{Pem
v OnXw
135. kvahyw ]LSnIm kvX{Xmtcm]y
{]`RvPw
BPm\pISn]cy a]mw m\w
{]IonX
136. A N{kamImcw tizXap\
emnOnXw
kvahyaw`x izk\amtcm]y Zi\
\mUnImx
137. BtZla[yISyan\ apZmlrXw
X{X knqchtm n Pze\w Zi] N
138. ka thym \mUo Im {]mWm IrXzm
Ipwt`XtYcnXw
\mt` cp]cn \mkmw hmbp m\w
Xp X{X ssh
139. thZnImchXv {[qtam _ehm `qXamcpXx
kvahyx Ipw`tIss\h {]mWamtcm]y
amcpXw
140. LSnImhnwiXn kvXkvamXv {LmWmXv {_
_nemh[n
thymam\w \ `kvX{X `nRvP\
ka{]`w
[mcWsbXv bamZnI aptJ\ a\ns\ [mcWw
sNpXmWv. CXns ^eambn a\pjy kwkmc
kmKcw ISm i\mIpp. appI apX
Imephsc ]rYzom\amWv . ]oX hhpw NXpjvtIm
WmIrXnbnepffXpamb ]rYzn h{Pemv OnXbmWv.
Ap \nanjtmfw hmbphns\ [cnv ]rYznsb
[ym\nWw app apXve ISnhsc Pem\mamWv. Cu
Pem\ns BImcw AN{XpeyamWv. \ndw
shfpv, CXn ]p \mUnIhsc izmkw \ntcm[nv
Pes [ym\nWw. ISn {]tZiw apX icoca[yw
hsc Anm\amWv; knqcns \ndamWXn\v ; A-
Xn ]Xn\p \nanjw {]mWs\ \ntcm[nv Ansb
[ym\nWw. \m`n apX \mknIhsc hmbphns
m\amWv thZnp XpeyamWv AXns BImcw. [q{a
Xpeyhpw in imenbpamb ]h\s\ Ccp]Xp \nanjw
hsc Ipw`Iw aptJ\ hmbphns\ tcm[nv [ym\nWw.
\mknIapX {_ c{w hscbpffXmWv BImi
m\w. AXns \ndw ARv P\w t]msebpffXmWv.
141. thymav \namcpXamtcm]y Ipw`tIss\h
bXv \hm
]rYznhywti Xp tZ lky NXp_mlpw
IncoSn\w
142. A\ncpw lcnw tbmKo btXX `haptb
A_wti ]qctbtZymKo \mcmbW ap{Z{K[ox
I K
N P
483
143. {]Zypav\au hmbzwti kjW aXx ]cw
thymamwti ]camm\w hmbp tZhwkZm
kv atcXv
144. ANncmtZh XXv {]m]vXn bpRvPm \ky \
kwibx
_[zm tbmKmk\w ]qhw lrtiw
lrZbmRv Pen.
145. \mkm{K\ykvX\bt\, Pnlzmw IrXzm N
Xmep \n
ZssZm\kwkv]yy Du[zImbx
kamlnXx
146. kwbtat{nb {Kmaam_pym hnipbm
Nn\w hmkptZhky ]cky ]cam\x
]cn{ia ioe\mb km[I Ipw`Iw aptJ\
hmbphn s\ BImin \ntcm[nWw. ]ns
]rYznbpsS Awiapff `mKv NXp _mlphpw Inco
S[mcnbpw Bbpw A\ncps\p lcnsb [ym\nWw.
Xqew km[I\mb tbmKn apnv Al\mIpw.
Pemwin \mcmbWs\ [ym\nWw. Ftmgpw Cu
A`ymkw sNbvXp sImncnph\v ]cam kmm
Xv mcw s]sv e`npp. BZyw tbmKmk\nencp
v lrZb{]tZiv lrZbw m]nv \mkm{Kn
ZrjvSn Ddnv \mv Amn tNpshv apI
fnsebpw Xmsgbpapff ]pIsf ]ckv]cw kv ]in
msX icocw s]mn kamlnX\mbncpv ipamb
B _pn sImv C{nbsf kwbaw sNbvXp
hmkptZhs\ NnnWw.
147. kzcq] hym]v X cq]ky[ym\w ssIhey
knnZw
baam{Xw hmkptZhw NntbXv
Ipw`tI\ bx
148. k]vX PmnXw ]m]w Xky \iyXn
tbmKn\x
\m`nImXv kamc`y bmhXv lrZb tKmNcw
149. Pm{KXv hrnw hnPm\obmXv IWvTw
kz]v\h\w
kpjp]vXw Xmepa[yw Xpcyw {`qa[y
kwnXw
150. XpcymXoXw]cw {_{_ct{ Xp
etbXv
Pm{KXv hrnw kamc`y bmhXv {_
_nemcw
151. X{Xmm{Xmbw Xpcobky Xpcmt hnjvWp
cpNytX
[ymt\ss\h kambptm thym\n NmXyt
\nte
152. kqcytImSnZypXncnYw \ntXymZnX at[mPw
lrZbmt`mcplmko\mw [ymtb[zm
hnizcq]nWw
Cs\ Xsbpffn hym]nncnp ]cam
mhns cq]s [ym\nm tamw knnpw. Hcp
bmaw hsc Ipw`Iw sNbvXp. `Khm hmkptZhs\
[ym\nphs Ggp Pn ]m]w \inpp.
\m`napX lrZbw hsc Pm{KXv hrnbpsS m\amWv .
kz]v\ hrn IWvTn nXnsNpp Xpcobm
XoXs m\w {_lmac{n ]c{_n\p
t\scbmWv. {_c{hsc Xpcnbmmhv hknpp.
AXns\ hnjvWp Fp ]dbpp. km[I \nem
Imins lrZbIaen Ccnp tImSn kqcy
{]`mab\pw \ntXymZbcq]nbpw hnizcq]\pamb alm
hnjvWphns\ [ym\nWw.
153. At\ImImcJNnXat\I hZ\m\znXw
At\I `pP kwbp at\mImbp[
aWv UnXw
154. \m\mh[cw tZhw im ap{K apZmbp[w
At\I \b\m Iow kqcytImSn ka{]`w
155. [ymbtXm tbmKn\x kh at\mhrn
hn\iyXn
lrZv]pWvUcoI a[yw ssNX\y
tPymXnchybw
156. IZw_tKmfImImcw XpcymXoXw ]cmXv]c.
A\am\ abw Nnbw `mkvIcw hn`pw
157. \nhmXZo] kZriaIr{Xna aWn{]`w
[ymbtXm tbmKn\kvXky apnx IcXte
nXm
At\Iw BIrXn tNh\pw At\Iw apJap
ffh\pw At\I `pP\pw At\Iw apJapffh\pw At\I
`pP\pw At\Imbp[ [mcnbpw At\I t\{X\pw
tImSnkqcy ka{]`\pw hnizcq]\pamb hnjvWphns\
[ym\nm tbmKnbpsS kIe at\mhrnbpw ianpw.
lrZbIae nX\mb ssNX\y\pw tPymXncq]\pw
Ahyb\pw IZw_tKmfmImc\p w Xp cymXoX\p w
]cmXv ]c\pw A\\pw m\ab\pw Nnb\pw
khhym]nbpw \nhmX Zo]kZriy\pw AIr{XnaWn
{]`\pamb ]c{_s [ym\nm tamw tbmKnv
ssIbnse s\nt]mse A{X kp{KmlnbamIpw.
158. hnizcq]kyptZhky cq]w bXv InntZhln
hobx kqv aa\yZzm ]iy lrZb
]tP
I K
N P
484
[ym\_nq]\njv
1
3
imn ]mTw
Hmw. kl \mhhXp. kl \u `p\p.
klhocyw Ichmhssl. tXPkzn\mh[oXa
kv Xp. am hnZznjmhssl. Hmw imnx imnx
imnx
]c{_w R cpt]scbpw Hcpanv cn
tW. cpt]scbpw Hcpanv ]cn]mens. RfpsS
hocy tXPkznbmbnoctW. R ]ckv ]cw hntZz
jw hlnmXncntW. Hmw imnx imnx imnx
1. bZn ssiekaw ]m]w hnkv Xow
_lptbmP\w
`nZytX [ym\tbmtK\ \mt\ym \mZw t`Zx
IZmN\
2. _oPmcw ]cw _npw \mZw Xtkym
]cnnXw
ki_vZw Nmtc otW \nx i_v Zw ]caw ]Zw
159. [ymbtXm tbmKnt\m b kvXp kmmtZh
{]ImitX
AWnamZn^ew ssNh kptJss\thm
]PmbtX
160. Pohm\x ]ckym]n btZyhap`tbm chn
Altah ]cw {_{_mlanXn
kwnXnx
161. kam[nx kXp hntbx khhrn
hnhPnXx
{_ kZytX tbmKo \ `qbmx kwkrXnw
{htPXv
162. Ghw hntim[y XXzm\n tbmKo \nkv]rl
tNXkm
bYm \ncnt\m hnx kzbtahw {]imarXn
163. {Kmlym`mth a\x{]mtWm \nb m\
kwbpXmx
ip XtXz ]tc eot\m Pohx sskh
]nWv UhXv .
164. taml PmeIkwLtXm hnizm ]iyXn
kz]v \hXv
kpjp]vXn hZycXn kz`mh]cn\nex
\nhmW]Zam{inXy tbmKo ssIhey
aiv\tX CXyp]\njv
hniz tZhcq]s qetam kqvatam atsX
nepw hn[nepfftXm Bb cq]w lrZb Iaen
[ym\np tbmKn AXns kmmXv cq]ambn tXmp
Ibpw AWnamZn knnI A\mbmkw ssIhcnpIbpw
sNpp. Pohm ]camt_m[w t\Sn "Rm Xs
{_w F nXn{]m]npIbmWv kam[n. kam
[n khhrn hnhPnX\mIpp. Cs\
{_s {]m]n tbmKn hopw kwkmcn IpSp
pn. Ah\v ]p\Pn. Ah hndInm An
t]mse kzbw im\mIpp. ]ns Ahs\mpw {Kln
m\n.
Ahs {]mW\pw a\pw Bm\ kwbp
amIpp. Pen DpIsbtmWw Ah
]cammhn hnebw {]m]npp. {]]s Ah
kz]v\ambn ImWpp. ]qambpw \ne\mbn Ah
{_n kpjp]vXn t\Spp. As\ hnip\mb
tbmKn \nhmWw ]Zw t\Sn ssIhey ]Zw {]m]npp.
Cs\ D]\njv .
{XninJn {_mtWm]\njv kam]np.
Q
I K
N P
485
3. A\mlXw Xp b_vZ Xky i_vZky
bXv ]cw
XXv]cw hntX bkvXp k tbmKo kwibx
4. _mem{KiX kml{kw Xky `mKky `mKn\.
Xky `mKky `mKmw XXvtb Xp
\ncRvP\w
5. ]pjv ] at[y bYm Kx ]tbm at[y bYm
LrXw
Xne at[y bYm Kx ]tbm at[y bYm
{LrXw
6. Ghw khmWn `qXm\n aWu kq{Xan
hm\n
nc_pnckwaqtVm {_hnZv {_Wn
nXx
]hXw t]mse _lptbmP\ hnkvXoapff
]m]ambmepw Ahsbmw [ym\tbmKm \jv Sam
Ipp. ]m]w \inm CXmsXmcp aman;
_oPmcw ]ca_nphmWv . \mZw AXn\papIfn
nXnsNpp. \mZw Acn hnebw {]m]np
tm i_v ZclnXamb ]ca]Zw kwPmXamIpp.
A\mlX [z\npdw Hcp i_vZapv. AXv km[n
mte tbmKnv kwib \nhrn hcpIbpffq. XeapSn
\mcns A{Kns \qdn Hcp `mKn Bbncn
Hcp `mKhpw AXns A`mKhpw bnptm
\ncRv P\w kw`hnpp. ]qhn Kw t]mse,
]men s\vt]mse, Fffn Ft]mse ]mdbn
kzw t]mse, aWnbn kq{Xw t]mse, khnepw
{_w hym]nncnpp. nc_pnbpw m\nbpamb
tbmKn tamlclnX\mbn {_m\w kamPnv
{_n ebnpp.
7. Xnem\mw Xp bYm Xew ]pjvt] K
Chm {inXx
]pcpjky icotc Xp k_mlym`ytc
nXx
8. hrw Xp hnZymXv Ombm kIew Xsskyh
\njv Iem
kIte \njvIte `mth kh{Xmm
hyhnXx
Fbvv Fffpw kpKn\v ]qhpw B{ib
ambncnpXpt]mse {_w icocns Dffnepw
]pdpw nXnsNpp. hrsn Adnm
AXns Omb \njvIebmWv. AXpt]mse Bmhv
Fm m\pw nXnsNpp.
9. HmantXyImcw {_ t[ybw khapp `nx
]rYzn hyn EtKztZm `qcntXyh ]nXmalx
10. AImtc Xp ebw {]m]vtX {]Yt\
{]Whmw itI
Acow bp hmbp `pthm hnjvWp
P\m\x
11. DImtc Xp ebw {]m]vtX ZznXotb
{]WhmwitI
Zyukqcy kmathZ kzcntXyh atlizcx
12. aImtc Xp ebw {]m]vtX ZznXotb {]W
hmwitI
AImcx ]nXhx kym{ZtPm KpW
XpocnXx
13. DImcx kmznIx ipx aImcx IrjvW
Xmakx
AjmwKw N NXpjv]mZm {Xnm\w
]ssZhXw
tamtNv ipfmb kIe hynIfpw HmwImc
cq]n ep apff Ac { _s [ym\n p p .
Hmwmcns {]Yamwiamb AImcn ]rYzn, An,
EtKzZw, `qx, ]nXmal Fnh ASpp. ZznXobmwi
amb DImcn Acow bPpthZw hmbp `phkp
hnjvWp Fnh ASpp. XrXobmwiamb aImcn
kqcy kmathZw kztemIw atlizc Fnh
tNcpp. AImcw ]oXhhpw ctPmKpWbp
hpamWv. DImcw tizXhhpw kXzKpWhpw; aImcw
XrjvW hhpw XtamKpWhpw. Cs\ {]Whw
Ajv SmwKbphpw NXpjv]mZbpXhpw {Xnt\{Xtm
SpIqSnbXpw ] tZhXmIhpamWv.
14. HmwImcw tbm \ Pm\mXn {_tWm \
`thpkx
{]Wthm [\px itcm lymm {_
XyapNytX
15. A{]at\ thhyw ichtbm `thXv
\nht {Inbmx khmx Xkvan
Zrjv tS]cmhtc
16. Hmwmc {]`hm tZhm Hmwmc{]`hm kzcmx
Hmwmc {]`hw khw ss{XtemIyw
kNcmNcw
17. {ltkzm ZlXn ]m]m\n ZotLm kXv
{]tZmhybx
Aam{X kambpx {]Wthm tam
ZmbIx
HmwImcw Adnbmhs\ {_Ws\v ]dbm
]mSn {]Whw [\ppw Bmhv _mWhpw {_w
AXns eyhpamWv. BmhmIp _mWm
I K
N P
486
kmh[m\w {itbmsS {_amIp eys BZyw
t`ZnpIbpw ]cm]cs\ AdnbpIbpw sNbvXm Fm
{InbIfn \npw \nhr\mIpp. Hmwmcn \nv
tZhmcpw kzcfpw aqp temIfpw kh NcmNc
fpapmbn. AXns {lkzamb Awiw ]m]
lcnpp. ZoLw Ahybamb kp \Ipp.
Aam{Xmbpamb {]Whw tamw \Ipp.
18. ssXe[mcmanhmnw ZoLLm
\n\m`thXv
AhmNyw {]Whkym{Kw bkvXw thZ k
thZhnXv
19. lrXv ]Zva InImaty nc Zo]
\n`mIrXnw
AwKpjv Tam{XaNew [ymtb tZmw Imcaoizcx
20. CUbm hmbpam]qcy ]qcbntXymZc nXw
HmwImcw tZla[yw [ymtbzmem
heohrXw
21. {_m]qcI CXyptm hnjv Wp Ipw`I
DNytX
tctNm cp{Z CXn t{]mx {]mWmbmaky
tZhXmx
CSapdnbm ssXe[mct]msebpw \op \n
p aWn\mZw t]msebpw \mZm{Kn {]Whw
nXnsNpp. AXv Adnbph\mWv thZ.
lrZbIae InIbn Zo]inJt]msebpw AwKpjv T
am{XImcambpw Ccnp Hmwmccq]\mb Cuizcs\
[ym\npI. CUbneqsS hmbphns\ DZcn kw`cn
pI. tZha[yn Pzmem henIfm BhrXamb
Hmmcw [ym\nWw. ]qcIw {_hmsWpw Ipw`Iw
hnjvWphmsWpw tcNIw cp{Z\msWpw ]dbs
Spp. Ah aqhcpw {]mWmbmans A[njmTm\
tZhmcmWv.
22. Bm\acWnw IrXzm {]Whw
tNmcmcWnw
[ym\\nY\m `ymkmtZh ]mtiyn
KqVhXv
23. Hmmc[z\n\mtZ\ hmtbmx kwlcWmnIw
bmhZv _ew kamZ[ymXv kayv
\mZtbm h[n
24. KamKaw Ka\mZniq\y tamwImctaIw
chntImSnZo]v Xnw
]iyn tb khP\mckvYw
lwkmIw tX hncPm `hnXm
Xmgs AcWnbpsS cq]n Bmhns\
{Klnv {]Whs DmcWnbmpI. cnsbpw
aY\amIp [ym\m`ymk\m KqVXXzw ZinpI.
HmwImc[z\nsb \mZklnXw tcNIw sNbvXv \mZebw
kw`hnp [ym\w bYmin sNpI. Kam\mKa\
nXhpw Ka\mZniq\yhpw tImSn kqcy{]`hpw khP
\mkv Yhpw lwkmIhpamb Hmmcs Zinp
h ]]hnap\mIpw.
25. b\kv{XnPKrjvSn nXnhyk\
I IrXv
Xtbm hnebw bmXnXZzn jv tWmx
]caw ]Zw
26. Ajv S]{Xw Xp lrZv ]w Zzn{XnwiXv
tIkcmIw
Xky at[y ntXm`m\p`m\pa[y KXx iio
27. iin a[yKtXm hn hn a[y KXm {]`m
{]`ma[ymKXw ]oXw \m\mcXv \{]thjv SnXw
28. Xky a[yKXw tZhw hmkptZhw \ncRvP\w
{ioh IukvXpt`mckv Iw arm aWn
hn`qjnXw
29. ip kv^SnI kmkw N{ tImSn ka{]`w
Ghw [ymtblmhnjvWptahw hm
hn\bm nXw
30. AXkv {Xn]pjv ] kmiw \m`nmt\
{]Xnjv TnXw
NXp `pPw almhnjvWp ]qctIW
hnNntbXv
krjv Sn nXn eb ImcWw GsXmmtWm,
a\nepffXv FhnsSbmtWm hnebw {]m]npXv,
AXmWv hnjv Wphns ]ca]Zw. Ajv SZftfmSp
IqSnbXpw apncp tImitemSp IqSnbXpamb
lrZbIaens a[yn kqcy\pw kqcys at[y
N{\pw nXnsNpp. N{\p at[y An, Anp
at[y {]`, {]`ma[yn \\mcXv\ ]Xn ]oTw,
AXns a[yn \ncRvP\\mb `Khm hmkptZh.
ipkv ^SnI kmi\pw N{ka{]`\pamb alm
hnjvWphns\ hn\btmsS [ym\npI. {Xn]pjv]
kmi\pw N{ka{]`\pamb almhnjv Wphns\
]qcIw sNbvXv [ym\npI.
31. Ipw`tI\ lrZn mt\ NntbXv
Iaemk\w
{_mWw c Kucm`w NXph{w
]nXmalw
32. tcNtI\Xp hnZym eemSkvXw {XntemN\w
ipkv^SnIkmiw \njv Ifw ]m]\mi\w
I K
N P
487
33. A_vP]{Xa[x ]pjv]aq[z \mf at[mapJw
IZfo]pjv]kwImiw khthZabw inhw.
34. ]Zvta tkymZvLmS\w IrXzm t_m[ N{mn
kqcyIw
Xky lrZv_oPamlrXy Bm\w
NctX {[phw
Ipw`Iw sNp Ln lrZbm\v
Iaemk\\p w shfpp w Np hp w \n dapffh\p w
NXp`pP\w ]oXmw_c\pamb {_mhns\ [ym\n
Ww. tcNIw sNptm ip kv ^SnI ka\mb
s\nbpffh\pw \njvIf\pw ]m]\miI\pw {XntemN\
\pamb ics\ \mw [ym\nWw. inh kh
tZhab\mWv. \qdv Acfpw \qdv ]m{Xfpw hnime
tIkchpamb lrZbIaen kqcy, N{ An
Fnhsb NnnWw. Iaew hnIknptXmsS
kqcyN{mnIfpsS t_m[apmIpp. AhbpsS
_oPw kzoIcnptXmsS ncamb Bimn
ssIhcpp.
36. {Xnm\w N {Xn]m{Xw N {Xn{_
N{Xbmcw
{Xnam{Xa[ am{Xw hm bkvXw thZ k
thZhnXv
37. ssXe [mcmanhmn ZoL Lm \n\m
`thXv
_np \mZIemXoXw bkvXw thZ k
thZhnXv
bssY thmXv ]e \mtfW tXmb
amIj tbcx
XssY thmXv Ijtb Zzmbpw tbmKo tbmK
]tYnXx
39. A bm{XmIw IrXzm tImio `qXw Xp
]Pw
Ijtbmfamt{XW {`pthm at[y ebw
\tbXv
40. {`pthm at[y eemtS Xp \mkn ImbmkvXp
aqeXx
Pm\obmZarXw m\w XZv {_m bX\w
alXv .
aqp m\w aqp ]m{Xw aqp {_mhv aqp
cw cpam{X Aam{X Ch Adnbph thZU
\mWv. ssXe[mct]mse, Ahnnambn \oa
Wn\mZw t]mse _np, Ie, \mZw, FnhbvXoXamb
Hns\ Bcdnbpp. Ah thZ\mWv . Iae
\mfneqsS tbmKn tbmKkm[\ sNW. kkpSnX
Iaes Aam{Xm cq]amn hmbphns\ kpjpav\m
\mUnbneqsS hensSpv ISnm\v ebnnWw.
]pcnIfpsS a[yn \mknIbpsS aqe m\amb
s\nbn AarXm\w nXnsNpp. {_m\w
AXpXs.
41. Bk\w {]mWkwtcm[x {]Xymlmc
[mcWm
[ym\w kam[ntcXm\n tbmKwKm\n
`hn jSv
42. Bk\m\n NXmhn bmthtym
PohPmXbx
GtXjm aXpem t`Zm hnPm\mXn
atlizcx
43. On{Zw `{Zw XYm knwlw ]w tNXn
NXpjv Sbw
B[mcmtJy KpZmt\ ]Pw bXp Zfw
44. Xty t{]mNytX tbm\nx ImamJym
knhnX,
tbm\n at[y nXw enwKw ]nam`napJw
XYm
Bk\w, {]mWmbmaw, {]Xymlmcw, [mcWw, [ym\w
kam[n Fnh tbmKns jUwKfmIpp.
temIn F{X PmXn PohnIfptm A{Xbpw C\w
Bk\Ifpapv. AhbpsS AkwJy t`Z ]ca
inht\ Adnbmhq knmU\w `{Zmk\w, knwlmk\w,
]mk\w, Fv Bk\ {][m\ambn \memWv.
{]Ya N{Iw B[mchpw cmaXv kzm[njvTm\hpw BWv.
cnsbpw at[y Imacq]amb tbm\n m\w nXn
sNpp. KZm\pff B[mc N{In \mep
Zfapff Iaeapv. AXns a[yn Ima F tbm\n;
AXv knhnXamWv. tbm\n at[y ]nam`napJamb
enwKw \nesImffpp.
46. akvXtI aWnhZv `nw tbm Pm\mXn k
tbmKhnXv
X]vXNmao IcmImcw XUnttJh
hnkv^pcXv
47. NXpc{kap]cyt ct[m ta{VmXv
{]Xnjv TnXw
kzi_vtZ\ `thXv {]mWx kzm[njv Tm\w
XZm{ibw
48. kzm[njvTm\w XX{Iw ta{Vtab \nKZytX
aWnhp\m b{X hmbp\m ]qcnXw h]px
49. Xm`n aWvUew N{Iw t{]mNytX aWn
]qcIw
ZzmZimcalmNt{I ]pWy ]m]\nb{nXx
I K
N P
488
50. Xmhothm {`atXyhw bmhXzw\ hnXn
Du[zw ta{VmZt[m \mt`x Itm tbmSkvXn
JKmWv UhXv
51. X{X \mUy kapXv ]mx kl{kmWn
Zznk]v XXnx
tXjv T \mUoklt{kjv T Zznk]vXXn
cp{ZmlrXm.
akv XIn cXv\w t]mse tim`np hkvXp
Adnbph tbmKhn\mWv. I\en Np kz
ns \ndtamSpw an t]mse {]Imiam\ambpw
Anm\p \npw \mewKpew apIfn {`a{]m
\n\p Xmsg kzw i_v Zw Iep {]mW kv XnXn
sNpp. AXv kzm[njvTm\ N{Is B{ibnncn
pp. ta{Vns aqe`mKv kzm[ojvTm\ N{Iw;
AhnsS cXv\ Xpt]mse hmbp ]ocnXamb icocw;
\m`o aWvUe N{Is aWn]qcIsav ]dbpp.
AhnsS ]{v ActfmSp IqSnb alm N{In
]pWy ]m]fpsS \nb{Ww \Spp. Cu XXzw
{KlnpXphsc Poh Aetb hcpw; ta{Vn\p
apIfn \m`np Xmsg ]nap t]mse Hcp Iapv.
AXn \npw Fgp]ncmbncw \mUnI ]pdsSpp.
Ahbn Fgp]n csw {][m\sXmWv.
52. {][m\x {]mWhmlnt\ym `qbkvX{X Zi
kv arXmx
CUm N ]nwKfm ssNh kpjpav \m N
XrXobIw
53. Kmmco lkvXnPnlzmN ]qjm ssNh
biekzn\n
Aew_pkm Iplpc{X iwJn\o ZihnkvarXm
54. Ghw \mUnabw N{Iw hntbw
tbmKn\m kZm
kXXw {]mWhmln\yx tkma kqcymn
tZhXmx
55. CUm]nwKem kpjpav \mkv Xnt{km \mUy
{]IonXm
CUm hmta nXm `mtK ]nwKeo ZntW
nXm
56. kpjpav \m a[ytZti Xp {]mWam
kqbxkv arXm
{]mtWm ]m\x kam\tmZm\mx hym\
kvXssYhN
57. \mKx Iq IrItcm tZhZtm
[\Rv PbxctIm
{]mWmZymx ]hnJymXm \mKmZym
]ambhx
Fgp]n cp \mUnIfpffhbn ]sw
{]mWhmln\nIfmWv . Ah CU, ]nwKf, kpjpav\,
Kmmcn, lkvXn, Pnlzm]qjm, bikzn\n, Bew_pk,
Iplp iwJn\n. Cu \mUoN{Is kw_n m\w
tbmKnIv hfsc BhiyamWv . Chbn CU, ]nwKf,
kpjpav\ a[yn aqpw {]mWs am kzcq]
fmWv. {]mW, A]m\, kam\, DZm\, hym\,
\Kw, Iqw, IrIcw, tZhZw, [\Rv Pbw {]mWmZn
Ifmb Apw IrIcmZnIfmb Apw {]knfmb
Apw IrIcmZnIfmb Apw {]knfmb hmbp
fmWv.
58. GtX \mUo klt{kjp ht
Pohcq]nWx
{]mWm]m\htimPothm ly[tm[zw
{][mhXn
59. hmaZnWamtW NeXzm ZriytX
Bn]vtXm `pPZWvtU\ btYmeXn
IpIx
60. {]mWm]m\kamn]vXkv XZz othm \
hn{itaXv
A]m\mXv IjXn {]mtWm ]m\x {]mWw
NIjXn
61. JKcphZntXyXtZym Pm\mXn k
tbmKhnXv
lImtcW _lnbmXn kImtcW
hntiXv ]p\x
62. lwklwtkXyapw a{w Pothm P]Xn
khZm
iXm\n jUv Znhmcm{Xw kl{kmtWyI
hnwiXnx
63. GXXv kwJym\znXw a{w Pothm P]Xn
khZm
AP]m \ma Kmb{Xo tbmKn\mw
tamZm kZm
Cs\ Cu hmbp Pohcq]n Bbncw
\mUnIfpw Dv . {]mWm]m\hicmbn Poh apIfnepw
Xmsgbpw hpw t]mbpancnpp. Nnetm CStmpw
Nnetm hetmpw AXp t]mIpw. NeamIbm
ImWm \nhrnbn. ssIsIm]pt]mse {]mWmhm
\mcm FdnbsSpXpsImv Poh\v hn{iaan.
{]mWm]m\m At\ym\yw BIjnsSpp. Cu
clkyadnbph\mWv tbmKn. {]mW lImc [z\nbn
shfnbntebv pw t]mIpp. Poh kZm lwkw F
a{w P]npp. Hcp Znhkw Cu P]kwJy Ccp]n
Hmcmbncn Adp\qdmWv . CsX{X AP]mKmb{Xn.
tbmKnIv CXv tamw \IpXmWv .
I K
N P
489
64. Akymx kev]amt{XW \cx ]mss]x
{]apNytX
A\bm kZrio hnZym A\bm kZrtim P]x
65. A\bm kZriw ]pWyw \ `qXw \ `hnjyXn
tb\ amtW Khyw {_ m\w
\ncmabw
66. iptJ\mmZy XZv Zzmcw {]kp]vXm ]ctaizco
{]_pm hn tbmtK\ a\km acpXm kl
67. kpNnhZv KpWamZmb {hPXyp[zw
kpjpav\bm
DZvLmStbXv I]mSw Xp bYm
IpnIbm lTmXv
68. IpWv Uen\ym Xbm tbmKo tamZzmcw
hnt`ZtbXv
69. IrXzm kw]pSnXm Icu ZrVXcw _[zm
]Zvamk\w
KmVw hkn kn[mb Nn_pIw [ym\wN
XtXkn
]mcmhmc a]mXaq[za\new
t{]mcb ]qcnXw
ap {]mW apss]Xn t_m[aXpew
in {]`mhmc.
70. ]Zvamk\ ntXm tbmKo \mUo ZzmtcjvT
]qcb
amcpXw Ip`bky kvXp k aptm
\m{X kwibx
a\pjy Cu AP]m Kmb{Xn a{ P]m
Xs ap\mIpw. CXn\p Xpeyamb hnZytbm P]tam
]pWytam thsdbn. Cu a{m A\mbmkw
{_m\w {]m]nmw. B amw Xs apJm
adv ]ctaizco in Ddpp. AXv hntbmKm
DWsSpp. \qens\smv kqNnt]msebpw
Xmtmsmv hmXn t]msebp w tbmKn
IpWvUen\nbm tam Zzmcw Xpdpp. ssII
kw]pSnXamn ZrVXtbmsS ]mk\nencpv
XmSnsImv amhnSw _eambn Aan a\n
{_s [ym\nv A]m\s\ apIfntebvv \bnv
BIjns {]mWs\ Xmtgmv \bnv km[I
IpWv Uen\o inbpsS {]`mhw A\p`hnpp.
]mk\nencpv \mUnIfn hmbp kw`cnv
Ipw`Im \ntcm[np tbmKn XnIpw apn
t\Spp.
71. AwKm\mw a\w IrXzm {iaPmXt\
hmcnWm
ISzehWXymKo oc]m\cXx kpJo
72. {_Nmco anXmlmco tbm\o tbmK
]cmbWx
A_vZmZq[zw `thXv kntm \m{X Imcy
hnNmcWm
hymbmaw sImpmb hnbv icocn a\w
sNbvXp Ibv]v , ]pfn, Dv , Fnh Dt]nv ]m IpSnv
kpJambncnWw. Cs\ km[\ sNp {_Nm
cnbmb tbmKn Hcp hjn\p fffn kn\mIpsa
Xn\m kwibnm\n.
73. Itm[zIpWv Ueo imnx k
tbmKo knn`mP\w
A]m\ {]mWtbmsscIyw bq{X
]pcojtbmx
74. bhm `hXn hrtm ]n kXXw aqe _\mXv
]mjv Wn`mtK\ kw]oUy tbm\namIp
tbXv KpZw
75. A]m\aq[zapXvIrXy aqe_tm b
apNytX
DUymWw IpcptX bkv amZhn{im alm JKx
76. DobmWw XtZhkym{X _tm
hn[obtX
DZtc ]naw XmWw \mt`cq[zw Xp
ImctbXv
Ins apIfnepff IpWvUen\nbn tbmKn
\nbamIpw kn\mIppw. \nbma\pkrXw aqe_
m`ymkw sNbv Xm {]mWmhss\Iyw km[npw;
aeaq{X Ipdbpw., hr t]mep bphmhmIpw.
Dqnbm tbm\n m\aan KpZw BIpnXamn
A]m\s\ apIfntebv mIjnWw. Cu {]{Inbbvv
aqe_w Fv ]dbpw. ASXv Dobm\ hn[n.
almJKw hn{ianpXpt]mse DZc]na XmWs
\m`np apIfn \ndptXpv.
77. DobmtWm ]ybw _tm arXyp amXwK
tIkco
_[v\mXn ln intcmPmXat[mKman\t`m Pew
78. XtXm Pmecm_ I ZpxJu
L \mi\x
Pmetc IrtX _t IktmN
eWw
79. \ ]obpjw ]XXyu \ N hmbpx {][mhXn
I]meIplntc Pnlzm {]hnjvSm hn]coXKm
80. {ZpthmcKXm ZrjvSnap{Zm `hXn tJNco
\tcmtKm acWw Xky \n{Zm \ p[m Xrjm
I K
N P
490
acWamIp B\bvv knwln\v XpeyamWv. Cu
Dnbm\w ASpXv Pmec _w. Cu Pmec
_m intcm tIi Pes apIfn Xs \ntcm
[nWw. As\ sNbvXm I _hpw ihpw
\in p w. Pmec_n IWv TktmNw
sNbvXm AarXw Anbn ]Xnn. hmbp HmSp
n. ASpXv tJNco ap{Z, \mv aSn I]meIplc
n sImpt]mbn. cp ]pcnIfpsSbpw a[yn
IqSn ZrjvSn DdnWw. Cu tJNco ap{Zm`ymkm
tcmKhpw acW `bhpw DmIpn. Ddw hniv
Zmlw FnhbpsS ieyw Dmhn.
81. \ N aqm `thky tbm ap{Zmw thn
tJNcnw
]oUytX \ N tcmtKW en]ytX \a
IWm
82. _tX \ N Imte\ bky ap{ZmkvXn
tJNco
Nnw NcXn tJ bkvamnlzm `hXn
tJKXm
83. tXss\jm tJNco \ma ap{Zm kn
a\kv IXm
tJNcym ap{Zbm bky hnhcw
ew_ntIm[zXx
84. _npx cXn t\m bky Iman\ym
enwKnX ky N
bmhZv _npx nXm tZtl Xmh arXyp
`bw IpXx
tamlmeykmtem tcmKmtem tJNco ap{Z
Ah\v `oXnbpmhn. Ah\v I_an.
tJNco ap{Zm`ymkm Nnw BImin nXn
sNpIbpw Pnlz BIiKman\nbmhpIbpw sNph
Ime_n s]Spn. AXn\m kn tbmKnI
tJNco ap{Z hWpp. AXpaqew \mep Zzmcw
ASbvphs hocyw kv{Xobpambpff BenwKnepw
{khnn. Dffn hocyw Dfftm acW`bsan\mWv ?
85. bmhZv _m \t`m ap{Zm XmhZv_np
\ KXm
KfntXm ]n _npx kw{]m]vtXm tbm\n
aWvUte
86. {hPXyq lTmXviym \n_tm
tbm\n ap{Zbm
k Gh Zznhnt[m _npx ]mWv Utcm
telnXkvXYm
87. ]mWv Ucw ip{I anXymlp temlnXm
JymwalmcmPx
hn{Zpa{`pa kmiw tbm\n mt\
nXw cPx
88. iinmt\ htkZv _np kv{XtkymsscIyw
XpkpZpe`w
_npx inthm cPx in_nqcnp ]nkp
ctPm chnx
tJNco ap{Z DffnStmfw hocy]X\apmIn.
AYhm hocyw {khnv tbm\nm\v t]mbmepw
tbm\n ap{Z aptJ\ AXns\ hopw inbn apIfn
tebvmIjnmw. Cu hocyw izX hhpw chpw
Fv cp hn[apv. tizX hapffXv ipw; Npa
\ndapffXv almcPv; ]hngw t]mse Npa cPv
tbmKnbpsS tbm\nm\pw ipw N{\pw
nXnsNpp. cnsbpw kwtbmKw Zp`amWv.
ipw inhkzcq]hpw, cPvin kzcq]hpamWv . hocyw
N{\pw cPv kqcy\pamIpp.
89. D`tbmx kwKamtZh {]m]ytX ]caw h]px
hmbp\m inNmte\ t{]cnXw tJ bYm cPx
90. chnssWIXzambmXn `thnhyw h]pkvXYm
ipw Nt{W kwbpw cPx kqcy
kanXw
91. Zztbmx kacko `mhw tbm Pm\mXn k
tbmhnXv
tim[\w aePmXm\mw LS\w N{
kqcytbmx
92. ckm\mw timjWw kayMv almap{ZZn [obtX
93. htm\ykv Xl\p\nhoUy kpjncw
tbmt\hmamw {LnWm
lkvXm`yma\p[mcb {]hnXXw ]mZw XYm
ZnWw
B]mcy izkt\\ IpnbpKfw _[zmi
ss\xtcNtb
tZjm ]mX\min\o \\p alm ap{Z \rWmw
t{]mNytX.
cnsbpw kwtbmKm ]caamb tZlw
e`npw. hmbp aptJ\ insb Nennptm cPv
BImis {]m]npp. kqcyt\mSv tNcpp. Atm
icocw ZnhyamIpp. cnsbpw GIo`mhadnbp
h\mWv ASpXv . alm ap{ZbmWv. AXns\n ]dbmw.
lrZbw XmSnsIman CSXp Imense DqnsImv
tbm\n m\aan \onb atm ]nSnv cp
IpnIsfbpw _nv \ndp \ndpnb izmkw
kmh[m\w shfnbntebv v hnSWw. Cu ap{Zsb ]m]-
\min\nbmb almap{Zsbv ]dbpp.
I K
N P
491
94. AY B \nbw hyJytkylrZnmt\
Ajv S Zf ]w htX. Xty tcJm hebw
IrXzm Pohmm cq]w tPymXncq]mWp am{Xw
htX. Xkv an khw {]Xnjv TnXw `hXn.
khw Pm\mXn . khw ItcmXn . khta
XcnXalw Im lw t`mm kpJo ZpJo
ImWx JRv tPm _[ntcm aqIx Irix qex
At\\ {]ImtcW kzX{hmtZ\ htX.
]qh Ztf hn{iatX ]qhw Zfw tizXhw
XZm `n ]pccw [aXn `hXn . bYm
BtbZtf hn{iatX XZmtbZfw chw
XZm \n{ZmekyaXn `hXn. bZm ZnW Ztf
hn{iatX XpnW Zfw IrjvWhw XZm
tZz j tIm] aXn `hXn . bZm ]n aZtf
hn{iatX XXv ]naZtf hn{iatX XXv ]na
Zf, kv^SnI hw XZm {IoUm hnt\mtZ aXn
`hXn. bZm hmbhyZtf hn{iatX hmbhy Zfw
amWnIyhw XZmKat\ Ne\ sshcmKyaXn
`hXn. btZmcZtf hn{iatX XZpc Zfw
]oXhw XZm kpJ irwJmcaXn `hXn. bZm
Cuim\ Ztf hn{iatX XZoim\ Zfw sshUqcy
hw XZmZm\mXn Ir]m aXn `hXn. bZm
knjp ]Xn `hXn. XZm hmX]n tjva
alm hym[n {]tImt]m `hXn. bZm at[y XnjvTXn
XZm khw Pm\mXn, Kmb{Xn, \rXyXn, B\w,
ItcmXn . bZm t\{ X{ itam `hXn . { ia
\nlcWmw {]YatcJm hebw IrXzm at[y
\na\w IpcptX. {]Ya tcJm _kqI ]pjv]
hw XZm \n{Z hm `hXn. \n{Zmh m at[y
kzh\mhm `hXn. kz]v\mhamt[y ZrjvS
{ipXm\pam\ kw`hhmm CXymZn Iev]\mw
ItcmXn. XZmZn {itam `hXn . {ia\n lc
Wmw Zz nXob tcJmhebw IrXzm at[y
\na\w IpcptX Zzn Xob tcJm C{ Nm]
hw XZm kpjp]vXyhm `hXn. kpjp]vXu
tIhe ]ctaizc kw_n \o _pn`hXn.
\nXy t_m[ kzcq]m `hXn. XrXob tcJmhebw
IrXzm at[y \na\w IpcptX. XrXob tcJm
]cmKhw XZm Xp cobmhm `hXn .
Xpcotb tIhe ]cam kw_n\o `hXn.
\nXyt_m[ kzcq] `hXn. XZm iss\x iss\
cq]ctaZv _pym [rXn KrloX amkww
a\x IrXzm \ Inw NnZ]n NntbZm {]mWm
]m\tbmsscIyw IrXzm khw hnizamkz
cqt]W eyw [mcbXn. bZm XpcnbmXoXhm
XZm kthjm am\ kzcqt]m `hXn Zzzm
XotXm `hXn bmhtl[mcW htX
XmhnjvTXn ]mXv ]cam cqt]W {]m]vXn
`hXn CXyt\\ {]ImtcW tamtm `hXoZta
hm Zit\m]mbx `hn NXpjv]Ykambp
almZzmcK hmbp\m klnX {XntImWm
Kat\ ZriytX ANypXx
XpSv Bmhns \nbspdnv ]dbmw.
lrZb m\v AjvSZf nXnsNpp. AXn
tcJIsf B{ibnv Pohmmhmb tPymXnx kzcq]w
AWpam{X cq]n hknpp. kIeXp AXne
Spp. AXv kIeXpw Adnbpp. AXpXs Fmw
sNp p ; Nn n p p Rm kIen sbp w
Imhpw t`mmhpw kpJnbpw ZpxJnbpw JRvP\pw
_[nc\pw aqI\pw Iri\pw qe\pw BIpp. Cs\
AXv kzX{ambn s]cpamdpp. B Iaens ]qh
Zfw shfpXmWv. AXn hknpXn\m _pn
`nbnepw [nepw ]Xnbpp. Btb Znnse
tizX Zfn hknptm _pn \n{Zbnepw
Bekynepw s]Spp. heXp `mKs IrjvW Zfn
emIptm tZmjtIm]mZnIfn s]Spp. ss\IrX
Znnepff \oehnemIptm _pn ]m]I
n epw lnwkbnep w s]Spp . ]na`mKs
kv ^SnI hnemIptm _pn{IoUm ht\mZm
ZnIfn s]Spp. hmbhy tImWnepff amWnIy kZriy
Zfn hknptm Ne\w sshcmKy `mh\ Fnh
bn _pn t]mIpp. hSp `mKs ]oXh
Zfn hknptm kuJy irwKmcmZnIfn _pn
t]mIpp. Cuim\ tImWnepff sshUqcy cXv \Xp
eyamb Zfn hknptm Zm\mZnIfnepw Zbbnepw
_pn hy]cnpp. knIfpsS knbn _pn
t]mIptm hmXw ]nw I^w Fo almtcmK
fpsS tIm]w DmIpp. a[y`mKp \nptm
Fmw Adnbm\pw Km\w \rw A[yb\w Chbn
s]Sm\pw _pnp Ignbpp. In\v {iaw t\cnSp
tm AXv \om {]Ya tcJm a[yn AXv
\nh\w sNpp. Xnanw \n{Zmh DmIpp.
B {]Ya tcJ sNcnqhns \ndapffXmWv ;
\n{ZhbpsS a[ynepffXmWv kz]v \mh.
kz]v\n IXpw tIXpw A\pam\nsXpamb
Imcy kev]nsSptm {iaw A\p`hsSpp.
B {iaw ZqcoIcnphm cmw imJbpsS a[yn
ap p p . AXn s \n dw aghn n s\mXmWv .
kpjp]v Xnbn _pn Cuizc kw_ambpw \nXyt_m
[\ kzcq]ambpw Ccnpp. AXpsImv ]noSv
Cuizc {]m]vXnbpw DmIpp. ]cmKns \ndap
ff cmas imJbpsS a[yn s]Sptm
Xpcobmh ssIhcpp. Atm _pn ]cammhp
ambn _apffXpw \nXy t_m[kzcq]hpw Bbno
cpp. Atm ]XpsXps kIeXnepw \nv
`nambn ss[cytmsS a\ns\ Bmhnepdnv
A\\y NntbmsSbncnWw. Atm {]mW
A]m\\n GIo`hnv kIe hnizsbpw B
I K
N P
492
kzcq]ambn IcpXn AXns\ eoIcnpp. Xpcobmh
ssIhcptm Fmw B\ kzcq]ambn Zzz
`mhw \jvSsSpp. AXn\ptijw t_m[w ]qamIp
Xp hsc Poh tZln Xs XpIbpw ]cam
XXzn hnebw {]m]npIbpw sNpp. CXp
XsbmWv tam{]m]vXnpff hgn, Cu amn
IqSns BZi\w e`npp. NXpjv]Zbp
an alm Zzmcn t]mIp hmbphns\msSmw hknv
A {XntImWn IqSn ANypXs\ ImWm
km[npw.
95. ]qthm {XntImW m\m Zp]cn
]rYn hymZn ]hIw t[ybw
{]mWm Zn ]hmbp _oPw hw
N m\Iw
bImcw {]mW _oPw N \oe PoaqX kn`w
cImcan _oPw N A]m\mZnXy kn`w.
96. eImcw ]rYznho cq]w hym\w
_kqI kn`w
hImcw Poh _oPw N DZm\w iwJ hIw
97. lmcw hnbzcq]w N kam\w
kv^SnI {]Zw
lrm`n \m km Im N ]mZmw Kpjv TmZn
kwnXm.
98. Zznk]XXn kl{kmWn \mUnhtjvT
htX
Ajv Sm hnwiXn tImSojvT tcmaIpt]jp
kwnXm.
99. kam\ {]mW GIkvXp Pohx k GI
Gh lnx
tcN ImZn{Xbw IpcymXv ZrV Nnx
kmalnXx
100. iss\x kakvX amIrjy]rXv ktcmcp
hntImStc
{]mWm]m \u Xp _[zmXp {]Whth\
kaptcXv.
]qthmamb {XntImW m\n\p apIfnembn
Ap htfmSp IqSnb ]rYzn XpSnb XXz
[ym\nstShbmWv. bImcw hmbp cq]nepff
{]mWs _oPamWv. AXv ImtaL kZriysas{X. "c'
Imcw BZnXy cq]nepff hym\\mWv. AXn\v sN
cn ]qhns \ndamWv. "h' Imcw iwJhnepff
Pecq]amb DZm\s _oPamWv. "l' Imcw kv ^SnI
hnepff BImin\pXpeyamWv . lrZbw, \m`n,
\mknI, sNhn, Imense Xffhnc Fnh kam\s
m\fmWv . Cu kam\ hmbp Fgp]ocmbncw
\mUnIfnepw icocns tcmaIq]fnepw hknp
p. kam\\pw {]mW\pw HpXs. AXpXs
GI\mb Poh. a\v thhn[w kamlcnv tcNIw
Ipw`Iw ]qcIw aqpw sNtXpv . Fmw kmh[m\w
BIjnv lrZbIaen {]mWhmbphns\bpw
\ntcm[nv {]Whw DcnWw.
101. IWvT ktmN\w IrXzm
enwKktmN\w XYm
aqem[mc kpjpav\m N ]ZvaXp \n`m ip`m
102. Aaqtm htX \mtZm hoWm ZWvU
kapnXx
iwJ\mZm`nssh a[ytah [z\ncyYm
103. thymac{KtXm \mtZm ambqcw \mZtah N
I]meI ltc at[y NXp Zzmcky a[yta
104. XZmm cmPtX X{X bYm thymav \n ZnhmIcx
tImZWvU Zzbat[y Xp {_ct{jp
inXx
105. kzmm\w ]pcpjw ]ty\ kvX{X
ebw KXw
cXv\m\n tPymv\n \mZw Xp _np
amtlizcw ]Zw
b Ghw thZ ]pcpjx k ssIheyw
kaiv \ptX
CXyp]\njXv .
IWv Thpw enwKhpw ktmNnnv aqem[mcn
\npw Xmac\q t]mse ]pdsSp kpjpav \m
\mUnsb ktmNnnWw. Atm hoWbn \npw
]pdsSp Aaq \mZw A\p`hsSpw. AXns
a[yn iwJmZn\mZw t]mepff [z\n apgpw.
Iamea[yn NXp Zz mcfp sS a[ym\w
nXnsNpp. AhnsS BImi c{n IqSn
t]mIp \mZw abnens i_v Zn\p XpeyamWv .
BImin kqcy {]IminpXpt]mse AhnsS
Bmhv tim`npp. {_c{n cphnpI
fpsS at[y in tim`npp. AhnsS ]pcpj Xs
a\v ebnnv Bmhns\ ImWpI. AhnsS cXv\
tPymXnmIp \mZ_np atlizcs ]ZamWv AXv
Adnbph ssIheyw {]m]npp. Fv D]\nj
pI hyampp.
[ym\_nq]\njv Ahkm\nnp.
Q
I K
N P
493
imn ]mTw
Hmw kl \mhhXpw kl \u `p\p kl
hocyw Ichmhssl. tXPkzn \mh[oXakvXp. am
hnZznjmhssl. Hmw imnx imnx imnx
]c {_w Kpcp injymcmb \ cpt]scbpw
cntW. ]cn]men s. cp t]cpw Hcpanp Ignhp
I t\StW. RfpsS A[yb\w tXtPmabamItW.
R ]c kv ]cw hntZzjw IecmXncntW. Hmw imnx
imnx imnx
1. Hmw {_mht alm`mochSaqte alm
k{Xmb ktaXm aljbx iu\ImZb kvtX l
kanXv ]m b kv XXz Pnm kthm am
tbw Nncw Pohn\w D]ktaXy ]{]px tI\Xzw
Nncw Pohkn. tI\ hm B\ a\p`hkn CXn.
{_mhn alm`mocw Fp t]cp hS
hrns Nphn alpw ZoLImew \op
\np Xpamb almbw \Sm thn iu\I
XpSnb ap\nam ktfnp. XXzPnmktbmsS kanXv
]mWnIfmbn Ah NncwPohnbmb am t bs\ kao
]nv tNmZnp: Av Fs\bmWv NncRvPohn bmbXv?
Fn s\ bmWv B\w A\p`hn pXv ?
]c a c lkyiohXz m t\t\Xn
k tlm hmN
]c acl kyamb inhXzm\ memWv Fv
Atlw adp]Sn \In.
3. Inw XXv ]cacl kyinhX zm\w, X{XtIm
tZhx tI a{mx tIm P]x Im ap{Zm Iv \njvTm
Inw XXv m\ km[\w Ix ]cn Icx tIm_enx
Ix Imex Inw XXv m\anXn
aljn am tNmZnp: B ]cacl kyamb inhXXz
m\sa mWv? AXns tZh\mcv ? a{ta XmWv? Phw
GXmWv ? ap{Z GXmWv ? m\e_v[nv A\pjv Tnt
km[\ sbv? \njvTsbv? B Fv? _en FmWv ?
FXmWv Imew? m\sav?
4. k tlmhmN tb\ Zn Wm apJx inthm f
]tcmoIrtXm `hXn, XXv ]ca clkyw. inh
Xz m \w.
am tb ]dp: ZnWm apJ Fp
t]cp inh GsXmp sImmtWm Zrn tKmNc \m
bnocpXv AXpXs bmWv ]c ac l kyamb inhX z
m\w
5. bx kthm ]cta Imte khm\ym\yp]
kwlrXym kzmm\kptJ tamZtX {]ImitX
hm k tZhx
kIetemI fpsSbpw Ahkm\L n khN
cmNcfpw Xn kamlcnv kzbw Bm\ kpJ
n {]kNn\mbn kzbw {]Imi\mbn cnp
tZh XsbmWv Cu XXzm\e_v[nv Bcm[nt
tZh.
6. Ass{XtX a{cl kytmIm `hn. Aky
{in ta[m Zn Wm aqn a {ky {_m Ejnx
Kmb{Xo Ox tZhXm ZnWmkyx at{mWmw
K\ymkx
ChnsS a{fpsS clkyw shfnhmp tmI
CXmCu ta[m ZnWm aqn a{ns Ejn
{_mhpw, Ov Kmb{Xn bpw, tZhX Zn WmapJ \pam
Ipp. a{w sImv AwK\ymkw sNpI.
7. Hmw. BZu \ma Dmcy XtXm `KhtX ]Zw
Zn tWXn ]Zw ]m ptb ]Z a tcXv
Akv a_v ZNXpyw ta[mw {]mw ]Zw
htZ Xv . kapmcy XtXm hmbp _oPw x XXx
]tTXvx An Pmbmw XXkvtXmj NXphnwimw
tcm a\px
BZyw Hmw \ax Fpcnv `KhtX Fpw ]noSv
ZnWm Fpw ]ns aqtb Fpw ]ns AkvaZv
i_vZns NXpn GIhN\amb alyw Fpw
]ns ta[mw {]mw Fo ]Zfpw DcnpI. {]
Fpcnv hmbphns^ _oPa{amb b bpw F
i_vZhpw DcnpI. ]noSv AnbpsS ]Xv\nbmb
kzml Fp ]dbpI. CXmWv Ccp]n\me A c ap
a{w. AXmbXv Hmw \tam `KhtX ZnWmaqtb
alyw ta[mw {]w {]b kzml F a{w sNmpI.
8. [ym\w
kv^SnIcPXhw aun Ioaamem
aarX IeihnZymw m\ap{Zmw Icmt{K
Z[X apcKIw N{NqUw {Xnt\{Xw
hn[rX hnhn [`qjw Zn WmaqnaotU.
ZnWmaqyp] \njv
1
3
I K
N P
494
kv^SnIa WnXpeyhpw cPXw t]msebpw shfp \nd
aph\pw appP]amebpw Icm{Kn AarXIei
hn ZybmIp m\ap{Zbpw [cnncnpXpw I
n ksf AWnh\pw N{ em[ c\pw ap
\pw hnhn[ `qjW [cnncnph\pamb ZnWm
aqnsb Rm kvXpXnpp.
at{W \ymkx
9. BZ\ thZmZn apmcy
kzcmZyw khnkIw
]mw XXv DyXy
Acw khnkmIw
At kaptcmcw a\ptcj \hmcx
a{w sImp \ymkw BZyw thZns BZym
c amb Hmmchpw ]noSv kzcfpsS khnk amb
BZymchpw (A,D,a) Hmw F {]Wha {s ]noSv
]mw AXmbXv ZnWmaqn F i_vZsbpw
AXns\ pSv hnk tmsS Acw i_vZsbpw
HSphn Xmcw AXmbXv Hmw Fpw Dcn Ww. Cu \hm
camWv a\pa{w Fp ]db sSp Xv. Hmw Ax Zn
Wmaqycx Hmwx
10. ap{Zmw `{ZmZm{Xow k]c iplcnWw _mlp
`n_mlptaIw
Pm\zmkw Z[mt\m `qPK_nekam_ I
tymhSm[x
Bko\{NqUx {]XnLSnXPSx c
Kuckv{Xn t\t{Xm ZZymZmZyw ipImssZy ap\n
`nc `nhrtXm `mhipow `thm \x
ipI XpSnb aljnamcm tkhnsSp
h\pw Hcp ssIn A`b ap{Z at ssIbn ]c ip, am
Fnh [cn n ph\pw Hcp ssI PwLbn shh\pw
hShrNphn Ccnp h\pw ]mpI hnl cnp
icoc tmSp IqSnb h\pw N{ ebm tim`nXamb PSm
`mcw tN h\pw ]m t]mse shfp \ndamh\pw
{Xnt\{X\pw BZn`Khm\pamb inh \apv `mhipn
\Is.
11. at{mW \ymk: {_jn \ymk: Xmcw
{_qw\ax Dmcy ambmw hmKv`htah N ZoWm
]Zapmcy XXx kymqtb ]Zw
12. m\w tZln ]Zw ]mZznPmbmw XtXm
\ymtkXv a\pcmZimtmSbw khat{jv T
tKm]nXw
Hmw {_q \ax Fpcnv amb AXmbXv {low
hmKv `h AXmbXv sFw Fpw ZnW ]Zw Fp
]dv aqtb Fpw m\w tZln Fpw HSphn
An ]Xv\nbmb kzmlm Fp DcnWw. AXmbXv
Hmw {_qw \ax {low sFw ZnWm aqtb m\w
tZln kzmlm F AZimc bp amb a\p a{w
Dcnaw.
13. `kvahym]mp cmwKx iiniIe [tcmm
\ ap {Zmamem
hoWm ]pkvssX hncmPXv IcIa e[tcm tbmK
]m`ncmax
hmJym]otT \njtm ap\nhc\nIsscx
tkhyam\x {]kx
khymew Irn hmkmx kXX ah\pt\m Zn
Wmaqncoix
`kvate]\ m shfp icoc tmSp IqSnb h\pw
iinIem[c\pw Ic Ia en m\ ap{Zbpw cp{Zm
amebpw hoWbpw ]pkv XIhpw [cn ncnp h\pw tbK
][mcnbpw hymJym]oTnX\pw t{ijvTap\namcm
tkhyam\\pw {]k\pw k fm {]tim`nX\pw
hym{LN [mcnbpw Bb ZnWmaqn Rsf
]men s.
14. at{W \ymkx ({_ jn \ymkw) Xmcw
]cwcam _oPw htZ Xv , kmw_ in hmb N Xp`yw
Nm\ePmbmw N a\pZzmZihI
BZyw Hmw {low {iow Fv ]db Ww. ]ns kmw_
inhmb Fp ]ns Xp`yw Fp HSphn kzmlm Fp
]db Ww. CXv ]{v Acap a\pa{amWv. (Hmw
{low {iow kmw_ inhmb Xp`ymw kzmlm)
15. hoWmw Isscx ]pkvXIaamemw
_n{`mWa\ {Zm`Kfw hcmVyw
^Wo{Iyw ap\n`nx ipImssZyx
tkhyw hSm[x IrX\oUaotUx
Ic fm hoWbpw ]pkvXIhpw Acamebpw
IWv T n cp{Zm am ebpw [cn n p h\pw Hcp
ssIbn A`b Zm\ap{ZtbmSpIqSnbh\pw ImtaLkam
\ amb tImaf IWvTtmSp IqSnb h\pw AXnt{ijvT\pw
k fm AewIrXicoc\pw ipImZnap\n hcmcm
]cn tkhn X\pw hShr Nphn hncmPnp h\pamb
`Khm ics\ Rm \akv Icnpp.
16. hn jv Wpx Ejnx A\p p ]v Ox tZhXm
ZnWmkyx at{W\ymkx Xmcw \tam `KhtX
Xp`yw hS]Zw XXx apteXn ]Zapmcy hmknt\
]ZaptcXv
17. {] ta[m ]Zw ]m Zm Zn know XtXm f
htZXv
Zmbnt\ ]Zapmcyambnt\ \a DtcXv
I K
N P
495
18. hmKoimb XXx ]m
lmm\]Zw XXx
hn Pmbmw XXkvtXzj
Zzm{XnwiZz tIma\px
A\ppt`m a{cmPx
kh a t{mtam aw
BZyw Hmw \tam `Kth Xp`yw Fpw ]noSv hS
i_vZhpw ]noSv aqei_vZhpw ]ns hmknt\ Fpw
Dcnv {]mtat[m]Zhpw AXn\ptijw BZnknn
Fpw DcnWw. ]ns Zmbnt\ Fv ambnt\ \ax
F ]Zhpw tNWw. HSphn kzmlm Fpcnp
I. As\ Hmw \tam `KhtX Xp`yw hSaqehmknt\
{]mta[mZn knnZmbnt\ ambnt\ \ax hmKoimb alm
m\mb kzmlm CXns Rjn hnjvWphpw Nv
A\pbpw tZhX ZnWmapJ\pw BWv. Cu a{w Gsd
t{ijv TamWv .
19. ap{Zm ]pkvX Ihn\mK hnekZv_mlpw
{]km\\w
apmlmchn`qjWw iinIem
`mkzXv IncotSmPzew
Am\m]lamZn amZna Kncmaw
`hm\o]Xnw
\yt{Km[m\nhmkn \w ]cKpcpw
[ymbmay `nm]vXtb
m\m`b ap{ZI ]pkvXIw An, kw, Fn h
bm tim`np ssIItfmSp IqSnb h\pw apmlmc `q
jnX\pw N{ emnXamb IncoSm tim`nX\pw
Am\ \mi I\pw BZn ]pcpj\pw hmKXoX\pw ]mh
XoIm\pw khKpcphpw hS hraqe hmknbpw Bb
inhs\ Rm A`oknnmbn [ym\npp.
20. a\ \ ap{Zm tkm f lanXn bmh Zm n Xn x
k\njvTm `hXn XZt`tZ\ a{mt{amU\w m\
km[\w Nnt XtZIXm\Xm ]cnIcx AwKtN
mWw _enx {XoWn [mam\n Imex ZzmZim
]Zw m\ anXn tX l ]p\x {i [m \mkv Xw
{ ]XyqNpx IYw hm f tkymZbxInw kz cq]w
tImhm Aky D]mkI CXn. k tlm hmN sshcm
KyssXe kqt
`n hn ka\zntX
{]t_m[]q]mt{X Xp
m]vXn Zo]w hntemItbXv
Rm ]c {_w Xs bmWv F NnmKXn acWw
hsc Dmbncn Ww. AXp Xs {_ \njvT. ]c {_
n \nv `nasp IcpXn ]q sav IcpXs Sp
a{ \nc cw DcphnpsImn cn p XmWv m\
km[ \w. Nn m B ]c aXXzn GIm{KXtbmsS
[ym\npXmWv ]cn Icw. AwKtNIfpsS kaW
amWv _en. `KhXvImcyfn Ic WNc WmZnI Nen
npXmWv ]qP. qew kqv aw _oPcq]w Fo
aqp [ma fmWv Imew. ZzmZim]Zw. AXmbXv kl
{kZfIaew Xs.bmWv ]cammhns\ {]m]n m\p
m\w {imbp cmb aljnam _oPw amtb
t\mSv tNmZnp: CXv Fs\ DZbw sNpp? AXns
kzcq]sav? CXns D]mkI\mcmWv? amtb
]dp. sshcmKyamIp F bm \nd `nbmIp
Xn cntbmSpIqSnb m\]m{Xn ]vXnbmIp
Zo]sImWpp. AXmbXv sshcmKy`nbpw m
\hpw sImmWv Cuiz cZi\w e`n pXv . Xs
Dnepw NcmNcfnepw hym]cnncn p Cuizcs\
Xs BmhpXsbmsWv IcpXp XmWv ]v Xn.
21. tamlmImtc \nmtc
DtZXn kzbtah ln
sshcmKyacWnw IrXzm
m\w IrXzm XpNn{XKpw
22. KmV Xman{kkwimssy
KqVaw \nthZtbXv
taml `m\pP kw {Imw
hnthImJyw arIpPw
23. XXzhnNmc]m ti\
_w ssZzX `bmXpcw
Dohbn Pm\t
kzkzcqt]W kwnXx
kmclo\hpw Am\ Iev]nXhpamb AImc
n B Zo]w kzbw DZbw sNpp. sshcmKys
AcWnbmn Xs m\w aYnphm\p C\amn
XoWw. Am\mImcw, \in nm ]ca XXzw
{KlnWw. A`ymkwsmt ]caXXzw Zinm
km[nq. t_m[iq\yXm]mim _ amb ssZzX `mh
`bm hymIpehpw tamlarXyp h{n ]Xnv
hnthIamIp am tbs\ Dohnnv Bmcma
XzamIp ]cam\ n AXmbXv kzkzcq]n
nXn sNm Ign bWw.
24. tiapjo ZnWm t{]mm
km bkym `otW apJw
ZnWm`napJx t{]mx inthm f ku
{_hmZn`nx
ZnW {_ {]ImiIhpw XXzm\m Ihpamb
_pn XsbmWv . ]c aX Xzm`neWn kmmXvIm
cns apJw tNXv ZnWmapJ Fv {_hmZn
I K
N P
496
I ]dbpp. inhs\ Dtinv Cu \maw {]knambn.
25. kmZnImte `Khm hncnncp]m ssky\w
k kmayam]y XptXmj Nnt hmRvOn
Xmmw i e_v [zm [\yx tkm]m tIym ]m
ktIm `hXn [mXm
krnbpsS BZyLn `Kmh {_mhv Ct
ls D]tbmKsSpn krnm\p in t\Sp
Ibpw Xs at\mcYw km[nXn kp Nn\mbn
ocpIbpw sNbvXp.
B {_mhp XsbmWv D]mky\mb ZnWmaqn
bpsS D]mk\ I.
26. b Camw ]cac lkyinhXXzhnZyma[otX
k kh]mt]t`ym aptm `hXn b Ghw thZ
k ssIhfya\p`h XoXyp]\n jXv
hfsc clkyamb Cu inhXXz hnZy A[yb\w
sNp h kh]m]fn \npw hnap \mIpp.
CXv thhn[w a\nemn AXv a\\w sNph
ssIheyw A\p`hnpp.
ZnWmaqyp]\njv kam]n p.
Q
tZhyp]\njv
1
3
imn ]mTw
Hmw `{Zw It`nx irWp- bma tZhm `{Zw
]tiy- am- - `o- cy- P{Xmx n ssc- cw- ssKkv Xp
jvSphmwk-kv X\p`nhy- tia tZh- lnXw bZmbpx
kzkvXn \ Ct{m hr{ihmx kzkvXn \ ]pjm
hnizthZmx kzkvXn \ kvXmtym AcnjvSt\anx
kzkv Xn t\m _rl- kv]- XnZ- [mXp Hmw imnx
imnx imnx
tZhmsc, R ImXpsImv \Xp tIpam
dmIs. IpI sImv \Xp ImWm\nShc-s. kpZr
V- - fmb AwK- - fmepw tZlw sImpw \nsf kvXpXn
psImncns. As\ tZhm \nbnnp
Bbppapgph R A\p`hns. almIon
am\mb C{ Rv \sNs. ]pjmhv Rv
\ sN- s. _rl-kv]Xn Rp \ sNs. Hmw
imnx imnx imnx
1. lcn Hmw kth ssh tZhm Zho- ap]- Xpx
Imkn Xzw almtZhn km A{_- ho- Zlw {_kz
cq]nWo ax {]- IrXn]pcpjmIw PKXv iq\yw
Nmiq\yw N Alw B\m\m\mx hnm\mhn
mt\ Alw {_m {_Wo thZn- Xthy
CXymtlm AYhmWo {ipXox
Hcp L- n tZhmscmhcpw IqSn tZhnsb kao
]nv Cs\ tNmZnp: "tZhn, AhnSspdnv F\nv
]d-pXcWw. AhnSv BcmWv ?' tZhn ]d-p, "Rm
{_ kzcq]nWnbmIpp. Imcy-ImcW cq]hpw {]IrXn
]pcpjmIhpamb Cu hnizw Fn \npamWv Dm
bnp-Xv. Rm B\cq]nWnbpw B\clnXcq]nWn
bpamIpp. Rm hnm\abnbpw Ahnm\abnbpw
BWv. Rm Adntb {_hpw {_n\pw AXo- X
bpamWv Fv AYhWo {ipXn ]d-bpp.'
2. Alw ]- `q-Xm- \y-]- -`q- Xm\n Al- a- Jnew
PKXv htZmlathtZmlw hnZymla hnZymlw APm
l-a- \Pmlw A[tm[zw N XncyIv Nmlw Alw
cpt{Z- `nh- kp- `n- - cm- ay- l- am- Zn- ssXy- cpX hniz-
tZsshx Alw an{Xmh-cpWm- hp`u _n`ay- l-an-
{mo Al- aizn\mhp`u Alw tkmaw Xzjv Smcw
]qjWw `Kw Z[maylw hnjvWpw Dcp{Iaw {_m
W-apX {]Pm]Xnw Z[man Alw Z[man {ZhnWw
lhn - jv atX kp{]mthy bP- am- \mb kp\ztX
Alw cmjv{So kwK- a\o hkp\malw kpth ]nX
caky ap[ aa tbm\nx A]-kzmkapt{Z Ghw
thZ k tZho- ]- Zam]vt\mXn.
Rm ]-`q-Xfpw A]--`q-X-fpamWv. Cu
ImWp Zriy- {]- ]w apgph\pw Rm\mWv. hnZybpw
AhnZybpw thZhpw AthZhpw APbpw A\Pbpw Rm
Xs. apIfnepw Xmsgbpw Rm Xs. Ccphi- fnepw
Rm\mWv. Rm cp{ZmcpsSbpw hkpfpsSbpw cq]-
n k-cnpp. Rm BZnXymcpsSbpw hniztZ
I K
N P
497
hmcpsSbpw cq]-n kcnpp. Rm XsbmWv
an{XmhcpW- mscbpw C{mZnIsfbpw Aiz-\o-tZhXI
sfbpw kwcnp-Xv. tkma, ]qjmhv, `K, XzjvSmhv
Fnhsc Rm XsbmWv [cnp- Xv. aqptemI
fpw B{Ianphm Rm ]mZw Nennpp. Rm
hnjvWphns\bpw {_mhns\bpw {]Pm]- Xnsbbpw [cn
pp. tZhmp thn lhnpw tkmam`ntj-Ihpw
sNp bPam\\p thn Rm D]mkIv [\Zmbn
\n-bm- Wv , m\- a-Xnbpw b-- fpsS \mbn- Ibpw
kq-hn`hnsbpw A[oizcnbpamWv. hniz]nXm
hmb BImis ]cammhn\pw D]-cnbmbn {]ISnn
pXv Rm Xs. Fs m\w B-cq][mcnWn
bmb _pnbnemIpp. kap{Zhpw Pehpsamw Fs
kzcq]amIpp. CXdnbp m\n tZhnbpsS ]Zs
{]m]npp.
3. tX tZhm A{_ph \tam tZsshy alm tZsshy
in hmssb kXXw \ax {]Ir- ssXy- `- {Zmssb
\nbXmx {]WXmx kva Xmw
tZhm ]dp: "tZhnv \akvImcw almtZ
hnpw inh\pw Fspw \akvImcw. {]IrXnbpw
`{Zbpw awK- fcq- ]nWnbpamb tZhnv \akvImcw.'
4. Xmw Anhmw X]km Pzeow |
sshtcmN\nw I^- tejp PpjvSmw |
Zpmw tZhnw icW-alw {]]tZy |
kpXcmw \mibtX Xax |
5. tZhnw hmN-aP\b tZhmkvXmw hnizcq]mx
]ithm hZn kmt\m at{jaqPw Zplm\m
t[\phmK-kvam-\p] kpjv SpssXXp
6. Imfncm{Xnw {_kv XpXmw sshjvWhow kvI
am- Xcw kc- kz- Xo- a- ZnXn Z- Zp- ln- Xcmw \amax
]mh\mw inhmw.
7. almevao hnZvatl khknn [oaln
Xtm tZho {]tNmZbmXv
8. AZn-XnlyP\njvS Zbm ZplnXm XhXmw
tZhm A\zPmb `{Zm AarX_- hx
Ansbtmse tXtPmabnbpw m\m {]Im
i-am\bpw I^- eknnmbn tkhy- am\bpw Zo]vXna
bnbpamb `K-hXn ZpmtZhnsb R icWw {]m]n
pp.
ssZXy\min\nbmb tZhn, AhnStv \akvImcw.
tZhmcm krjvSns sshJ- co-hmWnhn`n coXn
bnep {]mWnI Dcnpp. Imat[\phns\tmse
kpJ- Zmbn\nbpw Aw _ew Fnhsb \Iphfpw
hmWocq]nWnbpamb tZhn R- fpsS t{ijvTamb kvXpXn
bm kpjv Sbmbn R- fpsS apn {]Xy- s-Ss.
thZfm kvXpXn-s--hfpw Ime-\min\nbpw
hnjvWp inbpw kc-kzXnbpw kv IamXmhpw AZn
Xnbpw Z-I\y- Ibmb kXnbpw IeymWabnbpw ]m]
\min\nbpw Bb `K- hXnsb R \akvIcnpp.
khin k-- bmb `K-hXn almevansb
]cnNb-ap R tZhnsb kZm [ym\npp. B
tZhn Rv {]tNmZ\w \Is.
tl Z-{]Pm]tX A-bpsS ]p{Xnsb AZnXn
{]khnXn\p tij-amWv AarXXzKpW- hnti- j-tmSp
IqSnb tZhm krjv Sns--Xv.
9. Imtam tbm\nx ImaIem h{P]mWn Kplmlkm
amX-cn-izm- {`-an{x ]p\Kplm kIemam- bbm N
]p\x tImim hnizamXm Znhn tZymw
Imaw, tbm\n, Ie, h{- Kpl, hw, hmbp,
A{`w, h{P]mWn, kIe cq]- hamb Chsbmw B
PK-\\nbpsS {_cq]nWnbmb aqehnZybmWv.
10. Gjm Bminx Gjm hniztamln\n ]mim
pi[\p_mW-[cm Gjm {ioalm hnZymb Ghw
thZ k timIw XcXn \akvtX AkvXp `K-hXo
`hXn amXckvam ]mXp khXx
tZhn, hniztamln\nbpw ]mimpc [\p _mW[m
cnWnbpw Bb ]c{_- i- nbmIpp. tZhn XsbmWv
{io almhnZy Cs\ Adnbp- h timIkm]-n
\npw ap\mIpp. PKmXmth, AhnStv \a
kv Imcw. tZhn, Fm hn[nepw Rsf cnmepw.
11. sskjm Ajv Su hkhx sskjm GImZi- cp
{Zm, sskjm ZzmZimZnXymx sskjm hniztZhmx
tkma]m Atkm- a- ]m sskjm bmXp [m\m
Akpcm cmwkn ]nimN b-Iknm sskjm
kXzcPx-kvX-amwkn sskjm {]Pm]-Xo-{a- \hx
sskjm {Klm \{X tPymXnwjo Iem- Im-
jvTmZn Imecq]nWo Xmalw {]Wuan \nXyw
tZhn XsbmWv GImZi cp{Zmcpw ZzmZimZnXy-
mcpw AjvShkpfpw tkma]mbnIfpw hniztZhmcpw
bmXp[m\mcpw ssZXycm- kmcpw ]nimNpfpw b-
mcpw knmcpw, tZhn XsbmWv. hnjvWp kzcq]n
Wnbpw cp{Zcq]nWnbpw kXzcPkvXa IemImjvTmZn kln
Xbmb Imekzcq]nWnbpw t`mKZmbn\nbpw tam-Zmbn
\nbpw ]m]\min\nbpw hnPb-ns A[njvTm{Xnbpw
A-n-XoXbpw awK-fkzcq]nWnbpw tZmj- clnXbpw
R tZhnsb \nXyhpw \akvIcnpp.
12. Xm]m]- lmcnWow tZhnw |
`pn apn {]Zmbn\ow |
A\mw hnPbmw ipmw |
icWymw inhZmw inhmw ||
I K
N P
498
13. hnb-Zo-Imckwbpw |
hoXntlm{Xka-\znXw |
At-qeknXw tZhym |
_oPw khm km[Im ||
14. GhtaImcw a{w |
bXb iptNXkx |
[ymbn ]cam\ |
abm m\mw_pcmibmx ||
15. hmMvabx {_`q-kvXkvamXv |
jjvTw h{ ka\znXw |
kqtcymhma t{im{X _npx |
kwbr-Xm-jv SXrXo-bIx ||
16. \mcmb-tW\ kwbpm |
hmbp-m[c-kc-bpXx |
hnt\hm- tIm-kym
al-Zm\-ZmbIx ||
17. lrXv ]pco- Ia[ymw |
{]mXx kqcy ka{]Zmw |
]mimpi[cmw kuaymw |
hcZm`b lkvXImw |
{Xnt\{Xmw chk\mw `-ImaZpLmw `tP
Xm]]-lmcnWnbpw `napn{]- Zmb\nbpw ipbpw
icWybpw ]mimpi-[cbpw kuaybpw hcZmb-lkvXbpw
{Xnt\- {Xbpw c- h- k- \bpw `- m- cpsS B{Klw
km[np sImSpp-hfpamb tZhnsb Rm `Pnpp.
18. \aman Xzmalw tZhow |
alm-`b- hn\min\ow |
almZp- {]- i-an\ow |
almImcpWy-cq-]nWow ||
19. bkym kz cq]w {_m- Ztbm \ Pm\n
XkvamXv DNytX Atbm
20. bkymw Atm \ hnZytX Xkv am- ZpNytX
\mx bkymx {KlWw t\m]- e- `ytX Xkv am
ZpNytXfeym bkym P\\w t\m] eytX
XkvamZpNytX APm GssIh kh{X htX
Xkv am ZpNy- tX- f- eym bkym P\\w t\m]
eytX XkvamZpNytX APm GssIh kh{X
htX Xkvam ZpNytX GIm GssIh hnizcq
]nWn XkvamZpNytX GIm GssIh hnizcq]nWo
Xkv am- Zp- NytX ss\Im AX Gthm- Nyp- tX-
tbm A\x Aeym APm GIm ss\Imx
alm`b- hn\min\nbpw almZpm]i- an\nbpw alm
ImcpWy cq]nWnbpamb tZhnsb Rm \akv Icnpp.
A-lo-\-bm-I-bm A\sbpw {_mZnIp
t]mepw kzcq]w [cnm Ignbm- hfmIbm At-
bsbpw ImWm IgnbmhfmIbm Aeysbpw
P\\anm- Xn\m APsbpw Gam{XbmIbm GI
sbpw As\ At- bbmbn, A\bmbn Aey
bmbn APbmbn ss\Ibmbn hncmPnp tZhnv \a
kvImcw
21. a{mWmw amXrIm tZho |
i_vZm\mw m\cq]nWo |
m\m\mw Nn- bmXo- X
iq\y\mw iq\y- kmnWo ||
22. bkymx ]cXcw \mkvXn |
sskjm Zpm {]IonXm |
Xmw Zpmw Zpamw tZhow ZpcmNmchnLmXn\ow
23. \aman `h`o-tXmlw |
kwkm-cm-hXm-cnWow ||
a{- fpsS aqem\o-bbpw m\cq]nWnbpw
Bb tZhn Zp F \man {]knbmWv . kwkm
ckmKcw Asc ISp- hfpw ZpcmNmc \inn
p-hfpamb Zpsb Rm kv acnpp.
24. CZaYhiojw tbm [otX k]mYh
j- ioj- P- ]- ^-e- a- hm- ]v t\mXn CZ- a- Yh-iojw
mXzm tbm mw m]-bXn iXew {]P
]vXzm]n tkm mknnw N hnXn iXajvtSm-
cw Nmkymx ]pc- cymhn[nx kvarXx Zihmcw
]tT- Zykv Xp kZyx ]mss]x {]ap NytX alm-
ZpmWn XcXn alm tZhymx {]kmZXx
Cu AYhiojw sNmp- Xn\v Av AYh
iojw sNmp ^ew knnpw. ew XhW A\
sNbvXm A\m knn ssIhcpw \qn Fp{]mhiyw
P]nm AXn\v ]pccymhn[nsbp t] ]p Znh
ks P]- m kIe ]m]apn ^ew. almtZhn
{]kmZm ap Zp- fpw XcWw sNpp.
{]mXc[o-bmt\m cm{XnIrXw ]m]w \mib-Xn
kmb-a[o- bmt\m ZnhkIrXw ]m]w \mib-Xn XXv
kmbw {]mXx {]bpRvPmt\m ]mt]m]m t]m `h
Xn. \niotY Xpcob kymbmw P]vXzm tZhXm
kmnyw `h- Xn. {]mW-{]- Xn- jvTmbmw P]v Xzm
{]mWm\mw {]Xnjv Tm `hXn `uamizn\ymw alm
tZhn kn[u P]vXzm almarXypw XcXn Ghw
thtZ-Xyp]-\njXv
{]`mXn Cu a{w P]nm cm{Xn sNbvX
I K
N P
499
]m]w \inpw. sshInv P]nm ]I sNbvX ]m]w
\inpw. {]`mXnepw kypw P]nm ]m]samw
AkvXanpw. cm{Xnbpw Xpcob ky-bnepw P]nm
]m]samw AkvXanpw. cm{Xnbpw Xpcob kybnepw
Zztbm]\njv
1
3
Hmw AYmXx{ioaZv Zztbmev]nx
hmtIym ZznXobx jSv ]Zm\yjv SmZi
]hnwiXycmWn ]Zim
c]qhw Zimcw ]cw.]qthm
\mcmbWx t{]mm\mZn kntm
a{cXv\xkZmNmcyaqew
1. BNmtcym thZ ktm
hnjvWp `tm hnacx
a{tm a{ `
kZm a{m{ibx ipNn;
2. Kpcp`nkambpx
]pcmWtm hntijhnXv
Ghw eW ktm
KpcpcnXy`n[obtX.
3. BNnXm\n ln imkv{Xmm
\mNmc m]\m Zhn
kzbamNctX bkvXp
XkvamZmNmcy DNytX
4. Kpi_vZ kvXzImcxkzmXv
kvXzImcx kzmXv
i_vZkv Xntcm[Ix
AImc hntcm[Ix
AImc hntcm[nXzmXv
KpcpcnXy`n[obtX.
5. Kpcptch ]cw {_
Kpcp tch ]cm KXn;
Kpcp tch ]cw {_
Kpcp tch ]cw hnZym
Kpcp tch ]cw [\w
6. Kpcptch ]cw I
Kpcptch ]cmbWw
bkv amZp]tZjv Smku
XkvamXv KpcpXctcm Kpcpx
7. bx kpIrZpmcWx kwkmchn tamNt\m
`hXn.kh ]pcpjmw knn `hXn \ N
]p\cmhtX CXn b Ghw thtZXyp]\njXv.
1.2. C\n {ioaZv Zzbns Dev]n ]dbpp.
cmatXv hmIyamWv. jSv]Zw ]Xns\mWv . AXn
Ccp]nbv Acapv. BZyw ]Xn\v ]ns
]v . kZmNmcns BZnImcWhpw a{ cXv \
kzcq]hpw A\mZnbpamb `Khm \mcmbW CXv
BZyw Xs \ncq]Ww sNbvXnpffXmWv. bmsXmcm
imkv {XPvR\pw BNmc k\pw sshjvWh\pw
CujymclnX\pw a{ Pv RmXmhpw a{fn
{ibpffh\pw a{fpsS Bibw \Iphm\pw
hnip\pambncnWw. Kpcp`\pw ]pcmW
Adnbph\pw hntij\pambncnWw. CuKpW
sfmw XnIh\mWv Kpcphmbn AdnbsSpXv.
3. Kpcpi_v Zn Dff "cp' F Acns Aw
AImcsav "cp' F Acns Aw
AXns\ XSbphs\pw AmXamIp AImcw
XSbpXp \nanamWv Kpcp F t] InnbXv.
P]nm {]mW{]XnjvT e`npw. almtZhn kn[n
bn `uamizn\o Znhkw P]nm almarXyhn \npw
tamN\w Inpw Fv D]-\njv A\pimknpp.
tZhyp]- \njv kam]np.
Q
I K
N P
500
4, 5, 6, 7, Kpcp Xs ]c{_w Kpcp Xs ]caamb
KXn; Kpcp Xs DahnZy. bYmn KpcphmWv
kthma[\w.
5. Kpcp Xs kthmahpw CnXhpamb hkv Xp.
KpcphmWv ]caamb B{ibw. ImcWw ]ctam]tZi
\Iph\mWh. B \nebn Kpcp At As
Am\\miIamWv. bmsXmcm Hcp {]mhiyw CXpcn
pp Ah khYm kwkmca\mIpp. Ah\v
\mZ_nq]\njv
1
3
imn ]mTw
Hmw hmMv ta a\kn {]XnjvTtXm at\m ta hmNn
{ ]Xn - jv Tn - X- am- hn - cm- hn a G[n thZky a
BWox iA- cpXw a{]- lm- kn- c- t\\y A[o-
tX\ Atlmcm{XmXv kwZ[man EXw hZnjyman.
kXyw hZn- jym- an. Xm- a- h- Xp- X- Zz- m- c- a- h- Xp.
AhXp amw AhXp hmcamhXp hmcw. Hmw
imnx imnx imnx.
Fs hmWn a\n ncamIs. a\v hmWn
bn ncamIs. tl, kzbw {]Imi- amb Bmth,
Fs apn Av {]Xyo- `hnpI. tl hmWo, tl
a\t, \n cpt]cpw Fs thZm`ymkw \inn
m\nSbmIcpXv. Cu thZm`ymk- n Xs cm{Xnbnepw
]Iepw Rm B\mbncnpp. Rm kZm kXyw
]dbpw; Fs cnmepw Fs cnmepw hm
hns\ cnmepw hmhns\ cnmepw. Hmw imnx
imnx imnx.
1. AImtcm ZnWx ] DImc kvXqcx
kv arX.
aImc ]pan-Xymlpcam{Xm Xp akvXIw.
2. ]mZZnIw KpWmkvXky icocw XXz apNytX
[tmky ZnWw Npc [tm tYm
]cx kvarXx
3. `ptemIx ]mZtbmkvXky `phtemI kvXp
Pm\p\n
kztemIkvXp ISo-tZti \m`ntZti
al PKXv
4. P\temIkvXp lrtti ItW-TtemI
kvX]-kv XXx
{`pthmeemSaty Xp kXy- temtIm
hyhnXx
5. kl{km-aXo- hm{X a{ Gh {]ZinXx
GhtaXmw kamcqtVm lwk tbmK hnNWx
15 {]W- hs lwk- ambn KWn- p ]w
AImcw AXns hes Nnd- ImWv. DImcw AXns
CSs NndIv. aImcw AXns hmemIpp. Aam{X
incpamWv. Atm kXzKpWw icochpw ctPmKpWhpw
Xtam KpWhpw cp ImepIfpw BIpp. \m`ntZiv
al temIw; ISntZin kztemIw; appIfnepw
ImepIfnepw `phtemIhpw `qtemIhpw. C{]-Imcw P\
temIw Xt]mtemIw, kXy- temIw Ch AXns lrZbw
IWv Tw eemSw ]pcnI-fpsS a[y-`mKw Chbmbno- cp
p. Cu {]W- hamIp lwkn tIdn AXns a\\
Nnm\pjv Tm\mZnI \nhlnv BbncW-n\v ]m]
- fn \nv hnap\mbn tam-]-Zs {]m]npp.
6. \ `nZytX IaaNmsscx ]m]- tImSn issXchn
Btb-{]Yamam{Xm hmb-thyjm XYm]cm
7. `m\p aWvUe kmim `thm{Xm XtYmcm
]caw Nmam{Xm bm hmcpWow Xmw hnZp_p[mx
8. Ime- {X- tb]n btkyam am{Xm \qXw {]Xn-
jv TnXmx
Gj Hmmc BJymtXm [mcWm`n\n t_m[Xx
Fm [w, Aw, Imaw, tamw Cu ]pcpjm
e`npp. Ah\v hopw Cu kwkmcn
hv sRcptXmbn hcp IbnCXv \nnX
knmamWv. XnIpw kXyamWv. GsXmcm CXv
\nnX knmamWv. XnIpw kXyamWv.GsXmcm
CXv icnv a\nemp, CXn {i ImWnpp,
Abmp am{Xta CXns em`w knamIq.
Zztbm]\njv ]cyhkm\np.
Q
I K
N P
501
9. tLmjWn {]Yam am{Xm hnZypmem XYm ]cm
]Xw- Kn \o XrXobm kymXv N- Xpo hmbp
thKn\o
10. ]ao-\mat[bm Xp jjvTo ssN{y`n [obtX
k]vXao sshjvWho \ma Ajv Sao imcoXn
11. \han al-Xo-\ma [rXnkvXp Ziao aXm
GImZio `thmco {_moXp ZzmZ io]cm
12. {]Yambmw Xp am{Xmbmw bZn{]mssW hnbq
PytX
`ctX hj- cmPmku kmh`uax {]PmbtX
13. ZznXo- bmbmw kapXv {Imtm `thZytm alm
-hm
hnZym[ckvarXo-bmbmw KhkvXp NXpnIm
14. ]-aym-aY am{Xmbmw bZn {]mssW hnbp
PytX
DjnXx kltZhXzw tkmatemtI alo-btX
1 5. jjv Ty an { ky kmbq Pyw k]v Xaymw
sshjvWhw ]Zw
Ajv Saymw {hPtX cp{Zw ]iq\mw N ]Xow XYm
16. \haymw Xp altemIw Ziaymw Xp P\w
{htPXv
GImZiymw Xt]mtemIw ZzmZiymw {_ imiz
Xw.
616. Hmmcns tZhX AnbmIpp. AXns
cq]w AnaWvUe kam\amWv. AXnse Hmas
am{X BtbnbmIpp. DImcns tZhX hmbphm
Wv. hmbp aWvU-esa t]msebmWv AXns cq]w.
AXns cmas am{X hmbhy- amIpp. aImcns
tZhX kqcy\mWv. kqcyaWvUeXpeyamWv AXns cq]w.
aqmasXv D-c-am{XbmIpp. \memasXv hmcp
WnbpsS tZhX hcpW-\m-Wv . Fm- {]-Im-c- n- ep
am{XIpw apqv kpcapJ- fpv. AXn\m {]W-
hs ZzmZiIemIsav ]d- bpp. AXv a\nem
m\p km[\ [mcWhpw [ym\hpw kam[nbmIpp.
{]W-hns ]{p {]Imcnep IeIfn am{X
IfpsS t]cv Xmsg sImSpp hn[nemIpp. Hma
tXv tLmjnWn; cmatXv hnZypme; aqmatXv
]XwKn\n; \mem-atXv hmbpthKn\n; AmatXv
\mat[b; BdmatXv sF{n; GgmatXv sshjvWhn;
FmatXv iwIcn; H]XmatXv alXn; ]ma
tXv [rXn; ]Xns\mv au\n; ]{matXv {_mn.
BZys am{Xbn km[Is icocw hnapambm
`mcX N{IhnbpsS cq]-n icocw {]m]nm\nS
hcpw. cmas am{Xbn icocw XyPnm bi-kzn
bmb b-\mbno- cpw. aqmas am{XbnemsWn
hnZym-[c-\mIpw; \memasXnemsW-n Khs
PamWv e`npI; Amas am{Xbn DjnXmsc
tZhKW-fpsamv hknm tbmKapmIpw; N{a
WvUen Ignbmw. Bdmas am{Xbn {]mW
ths-Sp ]w C{tZhs kmbqPyw e`npw. Ggm
as am{Xbn hnjvWp `Khms ]Zw {]m]nm\nSh
cpw. Fmas am{Xbn {]mWhntbmKa hcp ]w
]cainhs kmao]yw e`npp. H]Xmw am{Xbnem
sW-n altemI{]m]v XnbmWv. ]masXn {[ph
temIw; ]Xns\mn Xt]mtemIw. ]{mw am{Xbn
{]mW shSnm km[I {_temIn m\w
t\Spp.
17. XXx ]cXcw ipw hym]Iw \new inhw
ktZmZnXw ]cw {_tPymXnjmapZtbm bXx
18. AXo- {nbw KpWm- XoXw at\m eo\w bZm
`thXv
A\q]aw inhw imw tbmK- bpw XZmhntiXv
19. XZypkvX-tbmPpx iss\aptXv Itf
_cw
kwntXm tbmK NtcW khkwKhn hPnXx
20. XtXm hneo- \]mtim ku hnaex Iaem {]`px
tXss\h {_`mth\ ]cam\ aiv\p tX
17- 20. ]c{_-s AdnbpXn\v CXns\m
DbXpw t{ijv Thpw iphpw IeymW- ab- hpamb XXzw
Dv . AXpaqew Fmcnepap An, kqcy,
N{, BZn tPymXnpIfpw ]pds-Spp. C{nb- - fn
\npw kXz cPkv XtamKpW- -fn \npw D]- cnbmbn
o- cptm km[Is nXn tbmK- bp-ambn Fp
]d- bm km[npw. Abm ]cXXzn eo\\mbno
cpp. D]-amclnX\pambn `hnpp. C- s\bp tbmK
am- ns t]mj- I, `Khm\n {ibpw Bknbpw
D ]w `uXnIamb kIe BIjW- - sfbpw AXn
{Ianv ]Xps- Xps ico-cnep (A-lw) F
Nn ssI hntSXpv. AXp km[nm Abm
kmwkmcnI _\-fn \nv ap\mbn ssIhey-
]Zw {]m]npp. Abm ]cam kzcq]w Xsbmbn
`hnpp; ]caamb B\tbpw {]m]npp.
21. Bm\w kXXw mXzm Imew \b
almatX
{]mc-_v[aJnew `pRv Pt\mtZzKw
Ip-alkn
22. Dev]t Xz hnmt\ {]mc_v[w
ss\h apXn
Xymt\m-ZbmZq[zw {]mc_v[w
ss\h-hn-ZytX
I K
N P
502
23. tZlmZo- \makXzmp bYm kz]vt\
hnt_m[X
I Pmcobw bXv {]mc_v[anXn IonXw
24. Xp Pmcm`mhmXv]pwtkm ss\hmkvXn
IlnNnXv
kz]v\tZtlm bYm-[y- kv XkvX- ssXhmbw
ln tZlIx
25. A[ykvX ky IptXm P Pm `mhx
IpXx nXx
D]mZm\w {]]- ky arXv`mWvUsskyh ]iyXn
26. Am\w tNXn thZmsskvXakvan
\jvtSIz hnizXm
bYm cqx ]cnXyPy kw KrlvWmXn
ssh {`amXv
27. XZzXv kXya hnmb PKXv ]iyXn
aqV [ox
cq JWvtU ]cnmtX k cq]w
\ XnjvTXn
28. A[njvTmt\ bYm mtX {]]t
iq\yXmw KtX
tZl- kym]n {]]- - XzXv {]mc_v[m
hnXnx IpXx
29. Am\P\t_m[mw {]mc_vA-[anXn
tNmNytX
XXxImehimtZh {]mc_vt[ Xp bw KtX
30. {_ {]W-hkm\w \mtZm tPymXn
abx inhx
kzb amhn `thZmm taLm]mtbw ipam\nh
31. knmkt\ ntXm tbmKo ap{Zmw km
sshjvWhow
irWpbmXv ZntW It \mZ aKXw kZm
32. A`y-ky- amt\m \mtZmbw {_amhrWptX
[z\p
] Zzn ] aJnem PnXzm Xpcy- ]Zw {]tPXv.
2132. tl _pnam\mb ]pcpj, \nv Bm
hns kzcq]w AdnbpXn\v Ftmgpw ]cn{iaw \S
tXpv. \nfpsS hnetbdnb kabw AXns Nn
\n NnehgnpIbpw BhiyamWv. {]mc_v[ I
- f\pkcnv {]bmkfpw sRcpfpw t`mK- fpsS
cq]-n ASpspp. AXn Jn- \mbno-tc
Xn. Fsm B m\w Dmbn Ignm
Cu {]mcm_v[-fn \nv tamN\w e`npsImpw.
kz]v \n ImWs- Sp#v \\ ]Zm kz]v\L-
n bYm- -sfpw Pm{KXhbn-emIptm
AkXysapw tXms-Sp-Xpt]mse XXzm\apm
Iptm m\nbpsS ZrjvSnbn {]mcm_v[ I-
fpsS bw kw`-hnpp. Ign P-n sNbvX
Isf {]mcm_v [ I-sfp ]d-bpp. m\n
bpsS ZrjvSnbn Pmcan. Abmv {]mcm_v[sa
Xpw C. kz]v\w ImWp L- n IXmbn
tXmp ico-cmZnI bYmn C. AtX]Sn
Pm{K-Xmhbnepw icocw B`mkm]m{XamIpp. shdpw
tXm am{Xamb Hn\v Dev]-nsb- hnsS? Dev]- n
bnmh\v nXn Fs\ kw`-hnpw? av, Iew,
IpSw apXemb-hbpsS \nmW- n\v tJXp `qXambn
Xocp-Xpt]mse Bmhp XsbmWv kIe kmwkm
cnI ]Zm- pw ImcW- ambn hnp- Xv . thZm
ns ZrjvSnbn Cu kmwkmcnI {]]- -ns
B`m- k- n\p ImcWw Am\w am{X- am- Ip- p.
Am\w \inm kwkmcn\v kmwkmcnIXbn.
GXp hn[n {_ _pn\nanw a\pjy Ib-
dns\ k- amsWv [cnppthm AtX {]Imcn
a\pjy B- m\ns A`mhn Cu kmwkm
cnI {]]- s kXy-sav IcpXpp. a\pjy CXv
icnpw Adnbptm BZyw tXmnb k- ns
{]XoXn CmXmbno- cpp. AXpt]mse Bmhns
bYm m\w Dmbno- cptm Cu kmwkmcnI
{]]- -nsbpw bw kw`-hnpp. ico-chpw Hcp
{]Imcnep {]]- -amWv. AXn\m AXnsbpw
A`mhns A\p`hapm-Ipp. Cu Ah-bnse
ptm km[-Is {]mcm_v[w Ahkm-\np-p.
Am\nItfmSv ]d- bm\mWv {]mcm_v[ns Hmtcm
Imcy- hniZo-Icnp-Xv. taL- AIeptm
kqcy sXfnp ImWpXpt]mse {]mcm_v[
AIeptm Bmhnsbpw {_- ns GIX shfn
hmIptm awKf kzcq]- ambn tPymXn kzcq]- amb ]c
ammhns \mZw kmmXvIcns-Spp. tbmK-knm
k\nencnWw, sshjvWh ap{Z ssIsm-Ww,
CSs sNhn- sImv A\mlX \mZw tI- Ww.
Cs\ tIs-Spp i_v Zw ]pdsabp i_v Zsf
adbvpp. Cs\ AImcw aImcw Cu cp ]--
fnepw hnPbw t\Sn kmh[m\n {]W- hs ]q-
ambpw PbnpI. Cs\ sNbvXm km[I\v kqcy-
]Zw e`nm Ignbpw. AXmbXv B-kmmXvmcw
e`npw.
33. {ipbtX {]Yam`ymtk \mtZm
\m\mhnt[m alm
hamt\m bYm`ymtk {iqbtX
kqva kqvaXx
34. BZu Pe[n Poaq-Xt`co \nQc kw`hx
at[y a-fi- _vZmt`m LmIml- fPkvXYm
I K
N P
503
35. At Xp InWo-hwi- ho- Wm{`ac \nkz\x
CXn\m\mhn[mx \mZmx {iqbt
kqva kqvaXx
36. alXn {ipb-amtW Xp almt`cymZnI[z\u
X{X kqvaw kqvaXcw \matah ]cmartiXv
37. L\aprPy hm kqvta kqva
aprPy hm Lt\
caamW-a]n n]vXw at\m \m\y{X emftbXv
38. b{X Ip{Xm]n hm \mtZ eKXn {]Yaw a\x
X{X b{X nco-`qXzm tX\kmw hneo- btX
39. hnkvarXy kIew _mlyw \mtZ ZpKv[mw
_ph-\x
GIo- `q-XzmY klkm NnZmImti hneo- btX
40. DZmko- \kvXtXm `qXzm kZm`ymtk\ kwbao
D-\o-ImcIw ktZym \mZtahmh[mctbXv
41. khNnm. kaprPy kh tNjv Sm
hnhnXx
\mZtahm\pkwZ[ymXv \mtZNnw hneo- btX
33- 41. BZyw A`y-knp XpSptm Cu \mZw
]eXcn tIpshphcpw. hfsc Dnepw tI
s-Spw. Fm A`ymkw XpScptm Cu i_v Zw kmh
[m\nemIpw. BZy- L- - n tIs- Sp i_vZw
s]cpd, sh-mw, taL- [z\n, kap{Znse Xncam
ebpsS i_vZw Cu amXncnsbmsbmbncnpw. ]ns
Ipsd Ign-bptm i_vZw hv, HmSpg, hoW,
InnWn ChbpsS i_vZtmsSmw a[pcambn A\p`
hs- Spp. Cu i_v Zw hfsc kuay-kzcnembncnpw.
]eXcnepw tIpshv hcpw. s]cpdbpsS i_vZw
t]msebmWv tIp- sXn arZpa[pcambn tI
s- SWsav NnnWw. a\v AXn ]Xdm ]mSn
. a\ns kz`mhw tIp ioeap \mZw tIp
Xnenjv Sw hlnpIsb- - XmWv. a\v kmwkmcnIamb
hkvXp-fn \nsmw hnpamdngnbptm a\v
NnZmImi- n hneo-\ambn `hnpp. kwb-anbmb
hyn sNt-Xv X\np tIm Ignbp i_vZ
n hneo\\mbno-cpIsb-XmWv . \mZn Nnw
hneo-\ambno-cpp. kIe NnIfpw amn \ndpn
kIe tNjvSIfpw AIn Cu \mZs tXtSXpv.
42. aIcw ]n_`rwtKm Km \m
t]tX XYm
\mZmkx kZmNnw hnjbw \ln ImwXn
43. _w kp\mZK- t\ kZyx kwXy Nm]ex
\mZ {KlW XnacmKw `pPwKax
44. hnkvarXy hnti- hta-Im{Kyw Ip{X Nn
ln [mhXn
at\m-K-tP{ky- hnj-tbmZym\-Nm-cnWx
45. \nbma\ katmbw \n\mtZm \ninXmpim
\mt`mcw KkmcwK _t\ hmKpcmbtX
42- 45. hv F{]-Imcw ]pjv]--fpsS ckw {Klnp
sImv AhbpsS Kns Imcy-n Xmev]cyw
hlnpn. AXpt]mse \mZn Xmev]cyw Imp
a\kv hnjbhmk\IfpsS ZpK-- n Xmev ]cyw Imp
Ibn. GXphn[w kw \mZw tIv aZaamIpp.
AXpt]mse Nnw B \mZn Bk-ambn Fm
N]- eXIfpw adpp. kwkmcnse N]- eXI ad
m Ignbptm a\v A[ym Imcy-n GIm
{KX e`npp. a\v AXnsebnXnse hnjb kpJ-
n\p t\sc ]mbpIbpan. hnj- b- kpJ-fpsS Imn
Id- p a\mIpp B\ \mZm`ymkamIp aqbp
Iq tXmnbm hims- Spp. a\ns\ amt\mSpw
XnctbmSpw D]-anp ]w \mZw B am\ns\ ]nSnm
\pXIp IpSpmWv; Xncame XSbp XocamWv.
46. AcwK kap{Zky tcmt[ thembtX ]n N
{_{]-W-hkwe\mtZm tPymXn abmIx
47. a\kvX{Xebw bmXn XZznjvtWmx ]caw ]Zw
XmhZmImi kevt]m bmh_vZx {]htX
48. \nxi_vZw XXv]cw {_ ]camm kao-cytX
\mtZm bmh- \kvXmh\mZm]n Xp at\m\o
49. k i`vZmtc otW \nx i_vZw
]caw ]Zw
kZm \mZm\pkm\mXv koWm hmk\m
Xp bm
50. \ncRvPt\ hneo- tbtX at\mhm bq \ kwibx
\mZ tImSn kl{kmWn _nptImSn iXm\n N
\mZs {]W- hn ebnnp- Xns\pSv
AXv tPymXnab-ambno-cpp. B Ahkcn a\
n\v ebw DmIpp. AXns\bmWv hnjvWphns ]c
a]- Zsav ]d-bpXv . i_v Zhpw kw`mj- Whpw tIm
IgnbptmgmWv a\n\v BImi- ns kev]w ]q-
amIp- Xv . i_v Zansn Xsbpw ]cammhns A\p
`q-Xnbpm-Ipp. \mZw DnStmfamWv a\ns
AkvXnXzw. \mZw kmh[m\n imamIptmgmWv
a\- ns Xo- \- amb nXn kwPm- X- am- Ip- - Xv .
i_vZs kv acnp \mZw Ac {_n eo\
ambno- cpp. \mZn i_vZansnepw CXv ]ca]-Z
sav a\menpI. \mZw tXSptm hnj- b-hmk\
I Incnbp ]w, a\pw {]mW\pw ]c{_-
n ebnp Fp IcpXmw. BbncW- n\v \mZhpw
BbncW-n\v _npfpw B {_{]- W-h\mZn
hneo\ambno- cpp.
I K
N P
504
51. kthX{X ebw bmn {_{]- Wh \mZtI
khm- hm hn \n ap x kh- Nn m
hnhnXx
52. arXhnjvTtX tbmKo k aptm
\m{X kwibx
iwJ Zpp`n \mZw N \ irtWmXn IZmN\
53. ImjvThPvmbtX tZlw D\ym
hbm {[phx
\ P\mXn k iotXmjvWw \ ZpxJw \
kpJw XYm
54. \ am\w \mham\w N kwXyzm Xp
kam[n\w
Ahm{Xb-at\zXn \ Nnw tbmKn\x kZm
55. Pm{K- n{Zmhn\npx kzcq]mhXm
anbmXv
56. ZrjvSnx ncm bky hn\m k Zriyw
hmbpx ntcm bky hn\m {]bXv\w
Nnw ncw bky hn\mehew_w
k{_Xmcm-c\mZ cq]x
CXyp-]- \njXv
5156. Pm{KXv kz]v\w kpjp]vXn Cu aqv Ah
Ifnepw ]caamb Ahmhntijw {]m]nh\pw
kIe hn[nep kmwkmcnI NnIfpw ssIhnv ih
ns\m ]cnWmansenb- h\pamb Fm {]Imc
nepw apmhbnsensbv ]d-bmw. Ah iwJ-
nstbm s]cp-d- bpsStbm i_v Zw Hcnepw tIp
Ibn. a\ns\ \nb{n nXnbnembXn\m a\v
ico- cn-emsW-nepw acSn-t]mse PU-\mIp-p.
Ah\v XWptm, NqtSm, kpJ-tam, am\m]am\tfm
Hpw A\p`hs- Spn. kam[nbnencpv DZmko-\\mbn
Ah Chsbmw ssIsh-Snbp- p. Ahs Nnw
F{Xbpw ncamIbm Pm{KXv kz]v\kpjp]v Xyh
Ifn \nv hnap-\mbn Xs hmkv XhnImhbn
\nesImpp. ImWs-Sm Ignbm hkvXpfpsS
A`m- h- n bmsXm- cp- hs Zrjv Sn ncam- Ip- p,
tNjvSbpsS A`mhn bmsXmcphs hmbp ncam
Ipp, B{i-b- ns A`mhn bmXpscmhs Nn
n\v ncX `hnpp B tbmKnv {_{]- W- h\m
Zns Xpcobmhbn Fnsbv a\nempI.
\mZ_nq]- \njv kam]np.
Q
imn ]mTw
Hmw `{Zw It`nx irWp- bm- a- tZhm `{Zw
]tiy-am--`nb- P{Xmx nssccw-ssK- kvXpjv Sp-
hmw- k- kv X- \q- `n hytia tZh- lnXw bZmbpx
kzkvXn \ Ct{m hr{ihmx kzkvXn \x]pjm
hnizthZmx kzkvXn \ kvXmtym AcnjvSt\anx
kzkv Xn t\m _rl- kv]- Xn [mXp Hmw imnx
imnx imnx
kw]q-Py- cmb tZhmsc, R ImXpIsImv
\Xv tIpamdmIs. IpIsImv \Xv ImWp
amdmIs. kpZrV- - fmb AwK- - fmepw tZlw sImpw
\nsf kvXpXnm\nShcs. tZhm Rv \n-
bnnp Bbpp apgph R A\p`hnpamdm
Is. Ionam\mb C{ Rv \- bcpfs. XS
hnm KXntbmSpIqSnb KcpU Rv \ sN
s. _rl- kv ]Xn Rv \ sN-s. Hmw imnx
imnx imnx
Hmw D] tZiw
1. AY IZmNnXv ]cn{hmPIm`ctWm \mcZx kh
temI kmcw Iph- - ]qh- ]pWy em\n
]pWy Xom\n XonIph- htem IyNn
ipnw {]m]y \nsshcx imtm Zmx khtXm
\nthZamkzmZy kzcq]\p km\a\pkmb
\n b- am- \- - hn - ti- j- KWyw ap \n - P- ss\- cq ]
kow. ss\anjmcWyw ]pWy-eahtemIy
kcn- K- a- ]- [- \nk kwss sshcm- Ky- t_m- [-
Isscx kzchntkssjx {]m]- nI ]cmMv apssJ
lcnIYmemss]x mhc PwKa \massI `K-
hZv `n hnti- ssj \carK- Inw]pcpjmacIn
cm]vktcmK- Wm kwtamlb BKXw {_mm
\mcZ]cn{hmPtIm]\njv
1
3
I K
N P
505
Pw `K-hZv `w \mcZahtemIy ZzmZi- hj
k{X- tbm- tKm- ]- n- Xmx- {ip- Xm- [y- b\ kmx
khmkvXt]m \njvT]- cm m\ sshcm
KymZn km iu\ImZn aljbx {]Xypm\w
IrXzm \Xzm btYmNnXm XnYy ]qhIw D]- thi
bnXzm kzbw kth A]yp]hnjv Sm t`m `K-h
{ _- ]p{ X IYw ap yp - ]mb: Akv amIw
hhyx
Hcp L- n ]cn{]mPI intcmaWnbmb \mcZ
kIe temI- fnepw k-cnp sImncns At\Iw
]pWy-m\fpw Xo-fpw kinp. AhnsS
sbmw Atl- ns ]mZkv]i-m Gsd ]cn]qX
-fmbn. B Xo-m\- fpsS Zi- \m Atl
n\v Nnipn ssIhp. a\v {]imambn. C{n
b hinembn khYm hnc\mb Atl- n\v
bmsXmcp Pohnbnepw tZzj-`mhapmbncpn. kzcq]-
[ym\m\pkm\n apgpIn Atlw k-cnpsIm
ncnth ss\anjmcWy-n hptNp. kwb-a
\nbamIamb B\m asm Xo- - sfmfpw
Cu Xo-n\v sshinjvSyw Dmbncpp. At\Iw
aljnam AhnsS ktfnncp ]pWykv \m\ns
Zi- \n \mcZs hoW- bn \npw kcnKa][\n
F sshcmKyt_mt[mo- ]-Iamb kzchntijw apg-n.
{]m]nINnbn \nsmgnv \mcZ `K-hXv IYm
ckw BkzZnpIbmbncpp. Atl-ns Km\mem]w
tIv khNcmNcfpw B\\nacmbn `nab- amb
Atlns Km\w a\pjy-scbpw, arK-sfbpw, tZh
mscbpw, In- cmscbpw, Khmscbpw, A]vk-c
pIsfbpw, arK- sfbpw BIjnpsImncpp. B
L- n AhnsS ]{p hjw \op\np Hcp
almbw \Sncpp. b-m thZ\pw X]-
kznbpw m\- ssh- cmKy k- - \p- amb iu\- I- a-
ljnbpw AXpt]mep-hcpw ]sSpncpp. {_
]p{X\pw `hcy\pamb \mcZ hcpXpIv ap\nam
scmw Fgptv \akvIcnv Atln\v btYmNnXw
BXnYyw \In. t{ijvTamb Bk\n Ccpn Fm
hcpw bYmm\w CcpXns\pSv iu\ImZnI
hn\b-]qw \mcZt\mSv tNmZnp. ""`K- h, {_]p{Xm,
apnt\Sphm\p D]mbw FmWv ? Rv ]d-p
Xmepw''.
2. CXypkvXm ktlmhmN \mcZx kXvIpe
`thm]- \oXx kay- Kp]\b\ ]qhIw NXp-Xzm
cnwiXv kwkvImc kx kzm`nassXI Kpcpk
aot] kzmim- Jm- [y- b\ ]qhIw kh hnZym-
`ymkw IrXzm ZzmZi- hj ip{iqjm]qhIw {_
Ncyw ]hnwi- Xnhcw Kmlyw ]hnw
i- Xn- h- cw hm\- {]m{iaw XZzn- [n- h- Xv {I- am-
nhXy NXphn [ {_- Ncyw jUv hn[w
Kmlyw NXphn[w hm\{] Zw kar
K- `yky XZpNnXw Ikhw \nhXy km[\
NXpjvSb kx khkwkm-tcm]- cnat\m-hm
mb I`n bYmim\nhrkvXYm hmkss\
j-tW, ]cy]\nsshcx imtmZmx k\ymko
]calwkm {itaWm kvJenX kzkzcq]- [ymt\\
tZl-XymKw ItcmXnk kayIv `hXn kaptm
`hXn Xyp]\nj-Xv.
CXp- tIv \mc- Z {]k- - Nn- - \mbn Cs\
]dp: ""aljnamsc, kXvIpePmX\mb Hcp a\pjy
D]-\o- X\mbnsn BZyambn Ahs\ D]-\b\w sNn
Ww. ]ns NXphnwiXn kwkvmck- -\mb Hcp
Kpcphns B{i-an t]mbn XmaknWw. AhnsS
Kpcphns\ ip{iqjnv kzimJ A`y-knWw. ]ns
kh hnZyIfpw A`yknv Kpcp ip{iqjm\ncX\mbn Ign
b-Ww. Cu L- n ]cn]q {_Ncyw thWw.
]ns Ccp]-nbp sImw Krl-m{ia [w ]men
Ww. ]ns 25 hjw hm\{]- m{iaw kzoIcnv
AXnse \nb-a bYmhn[n ]menWw. {_Ncyw
\mephn[sav m\nI ]d-bpp. Kmlyw Bdp
hn[w. hm\{]w \mephn[amWv. Ahsb--nsbmw
bYmhn[n A`y-knv AXmXm{ia [ \nhln
Ww. ]ns km[\ NXpjvSb k--\mbn euInI
Nn shSnv at\mhmmbfm khhn[ap Bi-
Isfbpw Gj- W-- sfbpw, hmk\Isfbpw khYm shSn
b-Ww. BtcmSpw tZzjw hlnmsX a\ns\bpw C{n
b- sfbpw Pbnv k\ymkm{i-an Xs Ahybamb
kzkz-cq]w NnnpsImncnWw. Cs\ [ym\\nc
X\mbno- cp-Xn\ptijw tZl]pcnXymKw sNp-h
tamw {]m]npp. CXmWv D]-\nj- ns A\pim
k\w.
cmw D] tZiw
1. AY ssl\w `K-hw \mcZm kth iu\Im
Ztbx {]Nvipx!! t`m `K-h k\ymk-hn[nw t\m
{_plo- Xn. Xm\- h- temIy \mc- Z- kv XXv kzcq]w
khw ]n Xm- a- l- ap - tJ- ss\h mXp - Nn X
anXypzm k{XbmK ]qy- \cw ssXx kl
k- Xy- tem- Iw- KXzm hn[n- hXv {_- \n- jv Tm- ]cw
]ctajvTn\w XXzm kvXpXzm btYmNnXw XZm-
bmssXx ktlm]-hniy \mcZx ]nXma-l-aphmN.
""KpcpkvXzw P\IkvXzw kh hnZymclkyx
kh kvXzatXm atm aZnjvSw cl- kytaIw
hhyw; XZzn- \m, aZ- `n- a- X- c- lkyw hzw Ix
kax? InanXn tNXv ]cn-{hmPy kzcq]-{Iaw
t\m{_q- loXn \mc- tZ\ {]mnXx ]c- tajv To
khXx khm\htemIy aplqam{Xw kam
[n\njvtTm`qXzm kwkmcmn \nhrXyt\zjW
I K
N P
506
CXn \nnXy \mcZahtemIy Xaml ]nXalw:
]pcm- aXv ]p{X- ]p- cpj kqtm- ]- \n- j- {Z- lky
{]Imcw \n c- Xn - i- bm- Im- cm- h- ew- _n \m hn cmSv
]pcptjtWm]ZnjvSw clkyw tX hnhntNymNytX
XXv{Ia- aXn clkyw _mV-a- hlntXm `qXzm{iq
b- Xmw.''
A\cw iu\ImZn aljnam Fmhcpw IqSn
`K-hm \mcZt\mSp ]dp: ""{]t`m Rv k\ym
khn[n ]dp XcWw''. CXptIv \mcZ kpjvS
\mbn Ir]-tbmsS ]dp: "k\ymk- ns ]q kzcq
]-sn ]nXmal\mb {_mhns apJ-n\npw
X\s\ tIpIbmWv t{ib- kv Icw.' ]ns bmK- kam
]vXnptijw Fmhscbpw Iqn \mcZ {_temIp
sNv {_[ym\]-cmb-W\mbncp ]ctajvTnbmb
{_mhns\ \akvIcnv kv XpXnp. {_mhv Fmh
scbpw bYmtbmKyw Bk-tm]hnjvTcmIm \ntin
p. Atm \mcZ {_mhnt\mSp ]d- p. ""{_,
Av R- fpsS Kpcphpw, ]nXmhpw, kh- \pw, kh
hnZym h`\pamWtm. AXn\m kZbw F\ndntb
Hcp clkyw ]d- pXcWw. Cu clkyw F\np a\
nempw hn[w ]d-pXcm amcpan. Fs B{Klw
km[nn-m ks\n k\ymkns kzcq-]
{Iasf ChnsS IqSnbncnp Rsmhpw
thn D]-tZinpI.'' \mcZs A`y- \tIv {_mhv
Hp ISmn tijw Aev ]- kabw kam[n\mbncp
p. ]ns P\\acW- cq]- amb Cu {]]- nI ZpxJ- -
fn\npw tamN\w t\Sm\p D]mb-sasv Nnn
m XpSn. ]ns IpXpdv \mcZs\ t\mn
]dp: ""\mcZ, ]v ]pcpj-kq-nepw D]-\nj-
nepw {]Xn]mZn- s-ncp \nKqV cl- ky- \p
Iqeambn kht{i-jvT\pw Znhy- \pamb hncmSv ]pcpj
F\nv D]-tZinXp Xs Rm \npIw D]-tZ
inp Xcm\ptinpp.''
2. t`m \mc- Z, hn[n- h- Zm- Zm- h- \p- ]- \o- tXm- ]- \-b- \m-
\cw XXv kXvIpe{]- kqXx ]nXramXr hnt[bx
]nXrkao-]mZ\yt{X kXv k{- Zmb w {im
hw kXv Ip- e- `hw t{im{Xn- bw, imkv t{Xm- hm-
eyw KpW-haIpSnew kZvKpcpamkmZy \Xzm
b- tYm- ]- tbmK ip{iq- jm- ]qhIw kz m`n - aXw
hnm]y ZzmZi- hj tkhm]pcx kcw khhn
Zym`ymkw IrXzm XZ\pbm kzIpem\pc]m`n
aX I\ymw hnhmly ]hnwiXn hkcw Kpcp
Ipehmkw IrXzmY Kph\pbm Krltm
Nn- X- Ia Iph- n {_mWy \nhr- n- taXy
kzhwi-hrnImax ]p{XtaIamkmZy Kml-tym
NnX ]hnwiXn hcw XozmXXx ]hnw
iXn hc ]cyw {Xnj- h- W- ap- Z- I- kv ]i\
]qhIw NXpImeta- Ihmcamlmcamlcmb-
taI Gh h\tm `qXzm ]pc{Kma{]m\ kR
mcw hnlmb \nInc hnclnXXZm{inX Itam
NnX IrXyw \nhXy Zrjv S {ihW hnjb
sshXr - jv Wy- taXy NXz m- cn w- iXv kwkv Im-
ckx khtXm hnc- - n ipn- taXy
Bim- kq- tbjym- lw- Imcw `Kv [zm km[- \- NXp
jvSb kx k\y- kv Xpal- Xo-Xyp]\nj-Xv.
""\mcZ, k\ymkns kzcq]hpw {Iahpw Ghpw
cl- ky-amWv. Rm AXp ]d- bmw. {itbmsS tIp
I. DX IpePmX\pw amXm]nXmfpsS Bm\p
hnbpamb Hcp _me D]-\o-X\mbnsn BZy-
ambn Ahs\ D]-\b\w sNnWw. ]noSv B _me
amXm]nXmsf ]ncnv {imhm\pw kXvIpePmX\pw
t{im{Xnb\pw imkv{XPvR\pw KpW- hm\pw BPh_p
nbpamb HcpkZvKpcphs\ kao- ]nv KpcpIpehmka\p
jvTnWw. Kpcpip{iqjm XXv]- c\mbn Atl- ns ]mZ
- fn hoWp \akv Icnv B{Klw Atls Adnbn
Ww. ]ns Kpcphns Bm\pkcWw shfnbn
]{p hj- mew Kpcpip{iqj sNbvXv kh hnZy-
Ifpw A`y-knWw. A[y-b\w ]q-ambm kzIpe
n-\pcq]bpw a\n\nW-nbhfpamb Hcp I\yIsb
Kpcphns Bm\pkcWw hnhmlw sNbvXv Ccp]
nb- phjw Krl-m{i-anbmbn Ignb- Ww. kzhwi-
hrnsb am{Xw emmn ]pt{Xmev]mZ\w sNWw. Ccp
]- nbp hjw Ignm hm\{]w kzoIcnv
AXn Xs Ccp]nbp hjw NnehgnWw.
{XnkyIfnepw kv\m\w sNpIbpw ]I \memw bma
n Hcn am{Xw Blmcw IgnpIbpw thWw.
{Kmahpw ]Whpw ]cnNbamfpw Dt]- nv GIm
Inbmbn h\n Xs Ignb-Ww. DgpXphnXbvm
{ianmsX Inp Acntbm atm tiJ-cnv AXpsIm
pam{Xw B{i-a[w \ndthn sFlnI]mc{XnI-
fmb kpJt`mK- fn XnIpw sshcmKyw Iev \mev]-
Xphn[w kwkvImcw ssIsImv Nns khYm
ipamn shbv Ww. Bi, Akqb, Cujy, Al-
mcw Ch \ntjw ssIhnp km[\NXpjv Sb k- -
\mb-h\mWv k\y-knphm Al-\mbnpXv Fv
D]-\njv A\pimknpp.
aqmw D] tZiw
1. AY ssl\w \mcZx ]nXmalw ]{]- ""`K-
h, tI\ kwb- \ym- km- [n- Imcn thtXy- ]- amZu
kw\ymkm[n-ImcnWw \ncq]y ]mXv k\ymk
hn[n-cp- Ny- tX. Ah-lnXx irWpx AY jWvUx
]cn tXm AwK- hn - Iex kv ss{ XtWm _[n -
tcm`tXm apIx ]mj-WvU{Io enwKo sshJm
\k lcZznPu `rXIm[ym]Ix in]nhnjvtSm A\
ntIm sshcmKyhtmt]ytX \ kw\ymkmlx
I K
N P
507
kw\y- kvXm- b- Zy]n alm- hmtIym- ]-tZ- ti- \m[n-Im-
cnWx ]qh kw\ymko ]calwkm[nImco
A\- cw \mc- Z {_m- hn- t\mSp tNmZnp:
""`Kh, k\ymkw kzoIcntsX- s\bmWv ? AXn\v
A[nImcn BcmWv ? Zbhmbn AXns\n ]d- p Xcq.''
{_mhv ]dp: ""k\ymkw kzoIcnm\p A[n
Imcn BcmsWv ]d- bmw. AXn\ptijw kw\ymkhn[n
sbn Nnnmw. \]pwk-I, ]XnX, AwKhnIe,
kv ss{XW, _[nc, _meI, aqI, ]mj- WvU,
N{In, enwKo-thX\w ]p A[ym]- I, in]nhnjvT,
AbmnI Fnh hnccmsW- n Xsbpw
k\ymkn-\[nImcnIf. apt Xs k\ymkm{i- a
n\\pIqeamb A\pjvTm\w tN-ht\ AXn {]th
inm tbmKy- Xbpq.
1. ]tcssW-hm\m]n ]cssky hm\w XYm
A`bw kahm]vt\mXn k ]cn {hmUnXn kvarXnx
2. jWvtUmhnItem]ytm _meIm]n
]mXIo
]XnX ]cZzmco sshJm\k lcZznPu
3. N{InenwKoN ]mjWvUo in]n hnjvtSm
]y\nIx
Zzn{Xn hmtcW kw\ykvtXm `rXIm[ym
-]-tIm-]nhm
GtX \mln k\ymkamXptcW hn\m{Iaw.
`banm- h Bscbpw `b- s-Spmh A-
s\bp-hs\bmWv kvarXnI ]cn{hmPIs\p ]d-bp
- Xv. jWvU-\pw, hnIemwK- \pw, A\pw, _me\pw,
]mXInbpw, ]XnX\pw, ]cZmwKmanbpw, sshJm\k\mb
{_mW\pw, N{Inbpw, enwKnbpw, ]mj- WvU\pw, in]n
hnjvS\pw, AbmnI\pw, thX\w ]p A[ym]- I
\pw, ctm aqtm XhW kw\ymkw kzoIcnv Ign-
h\pw BXpck\ymknIfmImw Fm Ah {Iak
\ymkn\l-c.
4.BXpcImex IYamcy- kXx {]mW- tkymXv
{IaWm-k
Imekv Xzm-XpckwnIx t\Xckv Xzm-Xpcx
Imtem
apnam {]hIx
5. BXptc A]n N kw\ymtk X{
]pcxkcw
a{mhrnw N IrssXzh kw\y- tkXv hn[n
hXv _p[x
6. BXptc Ahn{Ita hm]n ss{]j-Zt`m \
Ip{X-NnXv .
\ a{w Ia clnXw I a{-at]- tX
7. AIa a{-clnXw \mtXma{w ]cnXytPXv.
a{w hn\m Ia IpcymXv `kva\ymlpXn
hZv`- th-Xv .
8. hn[yp Ikwt-]mXv kw\ymkkvXzm
Xpcx kvarXx
XkvamZmXpc k\ymtk a{mhrn hn[o pt\
BXpc k\ymkns kabtasXp tNmZnm
acW-Imev {]mW{]-bmW- kab-sav ]d-b-Ww. asmcp
kabhpw icnb-. icnbmb kabv BXpc k\ymkw
ssIhm AXpsImpXs apn e`npw. Cu
BXpc k\ymkw {KlnW-sam{Kl-ap- h ikvt{Xm
amb a{ Dcnv bYmhn[n Bhiyap I
- f\pjvTnv a{]qw k\ymkw kzoIcnWw. BXp
ck\ymk- n\pw {Iak\ymkn\pw hn[m\n am-
an. ImcWw, Iw a{t{]-cnXamWv. Hmtcm a{hpw
Ihpambn _nXmWv. ka{asn Hcp I
hpw bYmIamhn. AXn\m a{w ssIhnScp
Xv . a{w IqSmsXbp Iw Xo sXm- Xn\ptijw Nm
en Anp BlpXnt]msebmWv. imkv{X{]-Imc
ap I kwt-]np sNbvXm BXpc k\ym
k{Inb ]q- amIpp. AXn\m AXn a{mhrn
Bhiy- amWv.
9. BlnXmnhnctXv tZimc KtXmbZn
{]mPm]- t{XjvTn a]vtkzh \nhr-ssXy- hmY
km\y-tkXv
10. a\km hmY hn[yp a{m hrXymYhmPte
{ipXy\pj-Tm\amtW Im\pjvTm\tah hm
11. kam]y k\ytk ZznZztm tNXv
]mXnXzam]v \pbmXv
12. bZm a\ko kwPmXw sshXrjvWyw
kh- hkv XpjvT
XZm k\ymkan-tX ]XnXx kvamZzn]- cytbm
13. hncx {]tPXv[o- am kckvXp
Krtl-htkXv
kcmtKm \cIw bmXn {]{hPln ZznPm[ax
Antlm{XamNcnp-h A\ytZi- K-a\w sNp
Ibpw AhnsS shv hnc\mpIbpw sNbvXm Pe
n {]mPm]- tXyjv SnIw sNbvXv kw\ymkw kzoI
cnmw. Cu {]mPm]Xy tbmKw a\psImtm bYmhn
[na{w sImtm thtZmhn- [n-{]-Im- ctam thWw
Cs\ sNbvXXn\ptijw am{Xta k\ymkw kzoIcn
mhq. Am]w kz[n\nv A[x]-Xnp
p. bYm-amb hncn tXmnbm am{Xta k\ymkw
kzoIcnm B{Klw {]ISnnmhq. AXn\p hn]co-
X- amb {]h\w a\p- jys\ A[x- ]- Xn- n- p w.
I K
N P
508
sshcmKyw hnt k\ymkw kzoIcnmhq. a\n
cmKw Ahti- jnppshn Krl- n Xs Ignb-
Ww. a\n cmKw Ahtijnt k\ymkw kzoIcn
p ZnPm[c \cIn ]Xnpp.
14. bsskyXm\n kpKp]vXm\n Pntlzm]tm
Zcw Icx
k\y- tkZIrtXmZzmtlm {_mtWm {_
Ncy-hm.
15. kwkmctah \nxkmcw ZrjvSzm kmcZn Zrbm
{]{hPXy- IrtXmZzmlx ]cw sshcmKy- am{inXx
16. {]hrn eWw Ia m\wk\ym
-ke-Ww
XkvamXm\w ]pckvIrXy kw\y- tkZnl
_pn-am.
\mv, D]-w, hb-dv, ssII XpSnb C{nb-
sf Pbnn-p- h\pw AhnhmlnX\pw {_la-Ncy
k--\pamb {_m-W kw\ymkw kzoI-cnmw.
kwkmcw anYysbp IcpXn kmchkvX {Klnm B{K-
l- tmsS PvRm\nbmb-h ]q hnc\mbn Ahn
hmlnX\mbncns Xs kw\ymkw kzoIcnpp.
Iw {]hrnbpsSbpw m\w k\ymknsbpw
{][m\ e-W-- fmWv . AXn\m _pnam\mb hyn
PvRm\w ey-amnsmpthWw k\ymkw kzoIcn
m.
17. bZm Xp hnZnXw XXzw ]cw{_ k\mX\wx
XssZIZWvUw kwKrly tkm]- hoXmw
inJmw XytPXv.
18. ]cam\n tbm cx hnctm ]cam-\n
ksshj- Wmhn\napx kss`w
t`mpapl-Xn.
19. ]qPntXm hnXssh kp{]-ktm bYm
`thXv XYmtNmUy- am\kvXp XZm `hXn
ss`- `pv
20. Al- ta-hmcw {_ hmkptZhmJy- aZzbw
CXn`mthm {[pthm bky XZm `hXn
ss`-`p- Iv .
21. bmkvan imnxiax iuNw kXyw ktmj
BPhw AInwN\Zw` k ssIheym{ita
htkXv
22. bZm \ IcptX `mhw kh`q-tXjvT ]m]Iw
IWm a\km hmN XZm`hXn ss`-`pv
23. Zie-WIw [a\pXnjvT kamlnXx
thZm hn[nhXv{ipXzm kw\y- tkZ
\ytWm XznPx
]caXmIamb k\mX\ {_-m\w e`n
m GIZWvUZmcnbmbn ]qWqepw inJbpw ssIshSn
b-Ww. ]cammhn A\pcp\pw XZv`namb kIe
Xnepw sshcmKyhpw D-h\pw Gj-W{Xb-clnX\pw
am{Xta `nmw Binphm Al-Xbpq. B-
{]-iwk BZcw ChsImpw km[mcW a\pjy {]k
- \mIptm XmUns- - Xn\p tijhpw AXv {]k
- Xbv nS\Ips- n am{Xta `nmw Binp
hm Al-Xbpq. Xm A-c{_w Xssbp
hnizknm Ignbp-ht\ `nmw `nm\[nIm
capq. in, {`aw, iaw, iuNw, ktmjw, kXyw
kmcfyw Zw`anmbva [\n A\mkn Fnhtbm
SpIqSnbh\pam{Xta k\ymkm{i-a{]-thi- \n\v Al-
Xbpq. k\ymknv a\km hmNm IWm Hnt\mSpw
Cujy CmXncnWw. C-s\bp hninjvS at\m
`mhw ssIsImv GIm{K- Nn-\mbn D]-\nj- pI
{ihnv {_Ncy-a\pjvSnv kzm[ymbw sNp Ejn
EWhnap- \mIpp. k\ymkw kzoIcntXv bm
\p- jv Tm- \-m tZhm- tcmSp EW- n \npw
]pt{XmXv]n aptJ\ ]nXrtfmSp EWn \npw
ap\mb- Xn\p tij- amWv.
24. [rXnx am ZtamkvtXbw iuNan
{nb-\n-{Klx
[o hnZym kXy- at{ImtYm ZiIw [e-Ww.
25. AXo- Xm \kva-tcZv t`mKm \ XYm
\mK-Xm-\]n
{]m]vXmw \m`n\tZyx k ssIheym
{ita htkXv
26. Axm\o-{o-bm-Wy-_-ln-jvTm
hnj-bm _lnx
iIvt\mXnbx kZm Ipw k ssIheym
{ita htkXv
27. {]mtW KtX bYm tZlx kpJw ZpxJw \
hnXnXYmtNXv {]mW-bptm ]n k ssIheym
{itahtk- Xv .
[rXn, a, Zaw, AkvtXbw, iuNw, C{nb-\n{K
lw, [o hnZy, kXyw, At{Im[w Ch ]mWv [
ns e- Ww. Ign Imev A\p`hnnp t`mK
- sfn NnnpItbm Ctm A\p`-hnpsImncn
p-hsb kzmKXw sNpItbm `mhnbn e`nm\nS
bp t`mK B{K-lnpItbm sNmh\mWv
k\ymkm{i- an hknm tbmKy. Axm\o-
b- fmb C{obpw _mlym- coIhnj- bpw
a\n m\w sImSpmXncnm Ignhp- h\mWv
k\ymkm{i- an\v A[nImcn. {]mW shSn icoc
n\v kpJZpxJm\p`hw DmImXpt]mse Xs
I K
N P
509
{]mW- \ncnptmgpw kpJ- ZpxJ- _m[nmh\mWv
k\ymknbmIm tbmKy.
28. Iu]o-\bpKfw Im ZWvU GI ]cn{Klx
btXx ]calwkky \m[n Iw Xp hn[o-btX
29. bZn hm IpcptX cmKmZ[nIky ]cn{Klw
cuchw \cIw KXzm XncytKym\njp PmbtX
30. hnioWm\yaemt\yh tNem\n {KYnXm\n Xp
IrXzm Iw _lnhmtkm [mc- tb- m- Xp- c-
RvPnXw
31. GIhmkm Ahmkm hm GI ZrjvSn-ctemep]x
GI Gh NtcnXyw hjmtkzI{X kwhtkXv
32. IpSpw_w ]p{XZmcmw thZmwKm\n N khix
bw btm]-hoXw N Xyzm KqV--tc
ZyXnx
cp Iu]o\w Hcp ]g-pWn Hcp hSn Fnh
k\ymkn kzoIcnWw. CXn IqSpX ]mSn. AXym
i- bm IqSpX hkvXp {Klnm acWm\cw
cuch\cIn ]Xnp. ]ip ]ymZn XncyIv tbm\n
Ifn P\npp. ioX hjmZnIfn\npw tamN\
n\v Pon iphkv{X Iqnv hkv{Xam
Ww. ]ns hnP\ev XmaknWw. Bhiysan
Imjmb- hkv{Xw [cnmw. GI hkv{X[mcnbmtbm \
\mtbm Ignbmw. Iv Apanpw ]mbnmsX HcnSp
d- nWw. a\n Hcphn[ B{K- l- n\pw CSsImSp
cpXv. GI\mbn am{Xw k-cnWw. kv{Xo, ]pcpj,
IpSpw_w, thZmwK- {K, bw, btm]hoXw
Ch khYm shSnb-Ww. Cs\bp k\ymkn Xs
alXzw ]d-psImp \SmsX bm{X sNWw.
33. Imax t{Im[kvXYmZtm tem`
taml- Zb-tb
XmwkvXp tZmjm ]cnXyPy ]cn{hm
\ntam `thXv.
34. cmK- tZzj-hnbpmm katemjvTm
iva Im\x
{]mWn lnwkm\nhr ap\nxkymXv
kh \nkvarlx
35. `w`ml- mc \naptm lnwkm ss]
iqXy hPnXx
Bm\Kp-tWmt]tXm bXn
tam-a-]m]v\pbmXv
36. C{nbmWmw {]kwtK\ tZmj-arXy kwibx
kw\nb-ayXp Xmt\yh XXx knnw \nK- Xn
37. \ PmXpImax Imam\map]t`mtK\ imayXn
lhnjzm IrjvW-hth `qX Ghm`n htX
38. {ipXzm krjvSmb N `mb ZrjvSm {LmXzm
Nb tbm \cx \ hrjyXn mbXn hmkhnt-
tbmPn-tX{nbx
39. bky hmMv a\kn ipt kayIv Kp]v tX N
khZm k ssh khahm]v]- t\mXn thZmtm
]KXw ^ew
40. km\mZv {_mtWm \nXy apZzntPX hnjm
Znh AarXtkyh NmImwt `h am\ky khZm
Fm hn[nep aaX k\ymkn ssI shSnb-
Ww. Imaw, t{Im[w, tem`w, tamlw, Al- mcw, XpSnb
tZmj- ssI hnS-Ww. cmK- tZz-jm- [n-I AcpXv .
kzhpw ]mdpw Xpey ZrjvSnbn ImWWw. {]mWn
lnwk ]mSn. \nkvarl-\mIWw. Zw`w, Al- mcw, lnwk,
]c\n Chbn \nv ap\mIWw. Cu KpW--fp
k\ymknbmWv tamm[nImcn. C{obmkn At\Iw
tZmjv ImcW- amWv. C{nb \nb- {W-nem
bm Ah knn {]Z-fmWv. t`mtKm]tZmKw sImv
Imahmk\I iann. s\v Ansb-sb-- t]mse
AXv Ahsb hnnpItb Dq. ]cpjtam a[pctam
Bb hmp tImepw kzmZptXm AmtXm Bb
Blmckm[\ `nmepw arZpthm ]cpjtam Bb
hkv Xp- kv ]in- mepw kp- ctam ZpK- tam
Gmepw {]k-Xtbm shdptm CmsX Fmnepw
ka-`mh\bp--h\mWv PntXnb hnip a\pw
hnip hmpw tZmj- lo\\pambht\ thZm {ihWw
sImp ]q ^ew A\p- `- hn- m km[n- q.
kv XpXn hnjw t]mse D]-Imcw sNp-XmsWpw
{_mW IcptX- Xpv.
41. kpJw lyhaXx titX kpJw N
{]Xn _p[ytX
kpJw NcXn temtIy kvanham hn\iyXn
42. AXnhmZmw kvXnXn tX\mhat\yX I\
\tNaw tZl- am{inXy sshcw Ip]oX tIm\NnXv.
43. {Ipyw \ {]Xn{Ipt[zZv B{IpjvS
Ipiew hntZXv
k]vXZzmcm hIomw N \ hmNa\rXmw htZXv
44. AymXncmkot\m \nct]m \ncminj
Bss\h klmtb\ kpJmo hnNtcZnl
45. C{nbmWmw \ntcmt[\ cmK- tZzj tbW
N Alnwkbm N `qXm\maarXXzmb Iev]- tX.
A]- am\n\ncbmb hyn kpJ- ambn Dd-pIbpw
DW- cpIbpw k- cnpIbpw sNpp. Fm Ahs\
A]-am\nh kzbw \inpp. Cu icocw \izcam
Wv. A- s\bp icochpambn BtcmSpw i{XpXzw ]mSn
. tIm]np- hcpsS t\pw tIm]- acpXv. Ak`yw
I K
N P
510
]d-bp- htcmSv BamXncn hmpI ]d- bmsX \ hmv
]d-bpI. cp Iv, cv sNhn, cp \mkmZzmcw apJw
Cu GgpZzmcfpambn hmv _- s-ncnpp. AXns\
Hcnepw AkXy `mj-W- ntev \bncpXv. kpJ-
annph B[ymnI Nn hlnpIbpw nX
NnXtbmsS BtcmSpw Hpw bmNnmXncnpIbpw
thWw. a\n Hcp B{K-lhpw DmIm\nS sImSp
cpXv. Bhiy-anmsX ap-hcpsS klmbw tXScpXv.
GI\mbn k-cnWw. C{nbsf Pbnv cmKtZzjm
ZnI shSnv Hcp Pohnsbbpw lnwknmXncnp-
h AarXXzw t\Spp.
46. AnqWw kv\mbp_w amwk
timWn-Xte]nXw
Nmh_w ZpKn ]qw aq{X]qco- jtbmx
47. PcmtimI kamhnjv Sw tcmK-bXu amXpcw
cPkzea\nXyw N `qXhmkanaw XytPXv
48. amwkmkrIv ]qb hnaq{X kv\mbp am
nkwlXu tZtl tNXv {]oXnam aqtUm `hn
Xm-\c-tI]n kx
49. km Ime]p{XZzokm `hnkm almhoNn hmKpcm
\mkn]- {Xa\t{iWo bm tZtl
laXn kwnXnx
50. km XymPym khb-tX\ kh\m ti ]yp
]ntX kv{]jvSyhym km \ `thy\ k izamw
tkh ]pevko
51. {]ntbjp tkzjp kpIrX a{]ntbjp N
Zpjv IrXw
hnkrPy [ym\tbmtK\ {_mt]yXn k\mX\w
52. At\\ hn[n\m khmwkvXyIvXzm kwKm
iss\x iss\x khZzssz hn\nptm
{_mtWy hmhXnjvTtX
53. GI Gh NtcnXyw kny aklmbIx
knntaIky ]iy ln \ PlmXn \ lobtX
icocw tcmKab- amWv. AnI CXn XqWpI
t]mse kv \mbp Ib-dn\p kaw. AXv amwkcmZn
Ifm te]\w sN-sv NmhrXambn. aeaq{X]qcn
Xamb AXv ZpK]q-amWv. hmIy timIkm
]mZnIfm BXpcamWnXv. cPkz-eambpXv \nXy-a
`qXmhmkmamb CXv XyPnpI. amwkw cw aew aq{Xw
a An ChbpsS kamhmb-amb Cu tZln
{]oXhlnp apV \cIn\p ]m{XamWv. Al-
mcw Imekq{Xsa \cIns am-amWv . almhoNn
F \cInsenm t]m Hcp hebmWnXv.
Akn]{X\cIn Fm\p tImWn- SnbmWnXv. Cu
Alw`mhw ]namwkw Xnp NWvUmen\nbvsmamWv.
Al- mcw khYm Dt]-npI \ B{Klnp- h
AXn\p ]pdsI t]mIcpXv. {]nbP\- fn kpIrXhpw
i{Xpfn ZrjvIrXhpw ImWp at\m`mhw shSnv
Ahcpambn _- s-SmXncnpI. [ym\ \njvT\mb km[
I\v {_s {]m]nm Ignbpp. {ItaW khhn
jbfnepw A\mk- \mbn C{nbfn \nv tamN\w
t\Sn k\ymkn ]c{_- n ebnpp. knn B{K-
lnph ap-hsc B{i-bnmsX GI\mbn Ncn
Ww. k\ymkn ap-hcpsS knnIv Xs km[\
shSnbpItbm knn lo\\mIpItbm sNpn.
54. I]mew hr-aqem\n IptNem\y klmbXm
kaXm ssNh. khntX apky eWw
55. kh `qX-lnXx im- kv {Xo- ZWv Uo k Ia-
WvUep GImcmax ]cn{hPy `nmw {Kmaam
hnti-Xv.
56. GtIm `npb-tYmx kymZv Zzmthh anYp\w
kvarXw. {Xtbm{Kmax kamJymX Du[zw Xp
\K-cmb-tX.
57. \Kcw \lnIhyw {Kmtam h anYp\w XYm
GXXv {Xbm{]- IphmWx kz[mXv
NyhtX bXo
58. cmPhmmZn tXjmw kymZv `nmhm
]c-kv]cw
kvt\l sshiq\yamcyw knI
jm--kw-ibx
59. GImIo \nx kv]rlkvXnjvtTl
tX\ klmet]Xv
ZZymmcmb- tW-tXyh {]XnhmIyw kZmbXnx
60. GImIo NntbXv {_ at\m
hmmb Ia`nx
arXypw N \m `n\tX PohnXw hm IY\
IpSnm I]mesa acm{Xw Xmaknm hr-
aqew [cnm Pon XpWn Ch ssIsm-Ww.
GImInbmbngnbp at\m`mhw FmhtcmSpw ka`m
h\ ChbmWv Pohpe-Ww. {]im\pw ZWvU-I
aWvUep[mcnbpw Bmcma-\pam-bncnWw. k-cn
ptmfpw GImInbmbncnWw. `nt \Kcfn
{]thinmhq. k\ymknbmbm GImInbmbn IgnbWw.
GImInbmb k\ymkntb ^np Fv ]d- bpp. ASp
phcm Bscbpa\phZncpXv. b-amtbm {Kmaamtbm
\Kcamtbm hknp k\ymkn kz[NypX\mIpp.
]ecpw tNcptm ]ehn[nep Nv CShcp
p. AXv kv t\ltZzjm[nIv ImcW- amImw. ap-
h ]d-bp Imcyv D-cambn ""\mcmbW'' Fp
am{Xw DcnWw. GImhmknbmbn am\knIhmNnI
ImbnI {InbI tIhew {_s am{Xw [ym\nm\n
I K
N P
511
SsImSppXmhWw. acWstbm PohnXstbm A`n
\nm\pw ]mSn.
61. Imetah {]oXtX bmhZmbpx kam]ytX
\m`n\tX acWw \m`n\tX PohnXw Ime
tah {]Xo- tX \ntiw `rXtIm bYm
62. APnlzx jWvUIx ]wKpctm _[nc
Gh N
apKv [ arNytX `np jUv `ntcssX \ kwibx
63. CZanjvSanZw t\Xn tbm iv\]n \ kXn
lnXw kXyw anXw hn XaPnlzw {]NtX
64. AZy PmXmw bYm \mcow XYm tjmUi
hmjnIow
iXhjmw N tbm ZrjvSzm \nhnImcx
k jWvUIx
65. `nm-aS\w bky hnaq-{XIcWmb N
tbmP\m]cw bmXn khYm ]wKptch kx
66. XnjvTtXm {hPtXm hm]n bky Np
\ ZpKw
NXpcypKmw `phw apzm ]cn{hmSv tkm
DNytX
67. lnXmlnXw at\mcmaw hNx timImhlw Xp
bXv {ipXzm ]n \ irtWmXoh _[ncx k {]Io
nXx
68. kmnty hnj-bmWmw bx katm hnI
te{nbx kp]vXhZztX \nXyw k
`npapKv[ DNytX.
acWkabw hsc Imew {]Xo- nncnWw. acW-
stbm PohnXstbm {]iwkncpXv. `rXy bP
ams B- sbsb t]mse Imes am{Xw A\pk
cnpI. \]pwk- I, A, apS, _[nc, apKv[
Fnhsctmse Ignv jUvKpWfpw Bnp
Ign- m apn e`n- pw. Blm- c- n kzmtZm
ZpkzmtZm ]cnK-Wnmh\pw kXy-am-{XhmZnbpamWv
APo- h. \hPmX _menIsbbpw ]Xn\mdp hb-pIm
cnsbbpw \qdphbp Inghnsbbpw ka`mh\tbmsS
Zinp--h\pw Imap-gnbn s]Sm-Xncn-p- hs\
jWv U- s\p ]d- bp- p. ae- aq- {X- hn- kP- \- n\pw
hnZymP\n\pw k-cnp Znhkn Hcp tbmP
\bne[nIw t]mImh\pamb-hs\ ]wKp Fv ]d- bp
p. \Sptmgpw \nptmgpw t\{X \mep AI
mSn IqSpX HmSnmh\pw At[mZrjvSnbpambhs\
A-s\v ]d- bpp. lnXm-lnX kpJ-ZpxJ--fmb
hmptInpw tInsp \Snv im\mbncnp-h
_[ncs KWn s]Spp. hnj- b-k-ao-]\w _ew
C{nb kzX Ch Dmbnpw Ddphs\tmse
hnj-b-- fn A\mk-\mb `np apKv [ F
t]cn Adnb-sSpp.
69. \SmZnt{]-jWw ZyqXv {]aZm kplrZw XYm
`yw t`mPy- apZIymw N j \ ]tiyXv
IZm- N\
70. cmKw tZzjw aZw ambmw t{Zmlw tamlw
]cm-kq
jtUXm\n bXn \nXyw a\km \ NntbXv
71. aIw ip]n hkv{Xw N kv{XoIYm euey-
tah N Znhmkz]v\w N bm\w N bXo\mw ]mX\m
\njvSv
72. Zqcbm{Xmw {]btX\\ htb `m NnIx
ktZm]- \njZw hnZyma`y- tk\ apn sslXpIow
73. \ Xotkho-\nXyw kymtm]hmk
]tcm bXnx
\ Nm[y- b\ ioex kym hymJym\ ]tcm`thXv
74. A]m]a iTw hraPnw \nXy- amNtcXv
C{nbmWn kamlrXy Iptm
Km\oh khix
75. otW-{nb-at\mhrn \ncmio \njv]-cn
{Klx \nZztm \nakvImtcm \nx tkz[mImc
GhN
76. \ntam \ncl- Imtcm \nct]-m\ncminjx
hnhntZkkwktm apNytX \m{X kwibx
Xs _p-sftbm \mS- Im- ZnIsftbm NqXv ,
bphXn cPkze Da t`mPyw Chtbtbm k\ymkn
t\mcpXv. cmKw, tZzjw, aZw, amb, t{Zmlw, tamlw Cu
Bdpw ssIshSnbWw. ip{`hkv{Xw kv{XoIsfn N,
C{nben]vk, ]Iepdw a- nencnpI, hml-\-
fn k-cnpI Fnh k\ymknv hPy-amWv.
B Nnbn apgpIWw. IgnhXpw Zqcbm{X Hgnhm
Ww. D]-\njp XpSnb A[ymnI {K
A`yknWw. A[nIw D]- hknpItbm XomS\w \S
pItbm ]mSn. Gsd ]TnpItbm ]TnnpItbm
th k`Ifn {]`mj- Ww, ]m]mNmcw, BPhIcamb
s]cpamw Ch HgnhmWw. Ba ssIImepIsfsb- -
t]mse C{nb- sf hnj- b- n\npw ]nhenWw.
B{K-l-fpw ]cn{K-l-fpw XyPnv ljtimImZnI
fpsS Npgnbn s]SmXncnWw. \akvImcmZnI th.
aaXbvpw Al- mcn\pw m\a\phZncpXv. Hnepw
Bk- nbcpXv. \nKza\pw Al- mcclnX\pw \nct]-
\pw \ncminpw GImhmknbpw BbncnWw.
77. A{ ]- ax Ia- `- n - m- \- k- x
kzXt{m sshcmKytaXy {_Nmco Krlo hm\
{]tm hm apJy- hr- nIm tNZv {_- Ncyw
I K
N P
512
kam]y Krlo `thZv. KrlmZz\o `qXzm {]{htP
ZyZn thXcYm {_Ncym tZh {]{htPXv Krlm
Zzm- h- \zm- ZzmY]\- c- {hXo hm {hXo hm kv \mX-
tImhm Akv\mXtIm thkmnc\ntImhm
b Zltch hnctPZl- tch {]{htPXv Xss
tI{]mPm]Xymta-thjv Snw Iphy- Yhm \ Ipcym
Zm- t- ym- tah Ipcym- Z- nln- {]mWx {]mWta
sshXbmItcmXn XkvamXv ss{X[mXhom tah
IpcymtZX ssbh {Xtbm [mXthmb-`qX kzw
cPkvXa CXn.
A{]-h\mbn tIhew Bmhn-[o\\mbncpv
sshcmKyw Dmbm Iw `n m\w Fnhtbm
SpIqSnb Krlt\m {_Nmcntm hm\{]- t\m
kw\ymkw {Klnmw. hnc\n Fsnepw \yq\X
bpsn, B{i-a- fn BImw- bpsn {_
Nmcn Xs B{i-amh[n ]qnbmnbnv Krl- m{i- a
n {]thinXn\ptijw hm\{]hpw AXn\ptijw
k\ymkhpw kzoIcnmw. Asn Krlm{i-an\p
tijw sshcmKyw tXmnbm k\ymknbmImw. {_
Nmcn {_-Ncy- clnXt\m kv \mXI Akv \mXt\m
Antlm{Xn A\ntlm{Xntbm Bbmepw sshcmKyw
tXmnbm Krlw shSnv k\ymkw kzoIcnmw.
hncmb Nne k\ymknam B{i-a{]thi\tmsS
{]Pm]tXyjvSn F bw A\pjvTnpp. AXpIq
Sm-sX- bp-am- Imw. As-n Btbn F bw
sNmw. An Xs {]mW AXn\m km[I CjvSn
bm {]mWs\ ]pjvSamp-p. ss{X[mXho- b-sa
b-hpamImw. Cu b-neqsS kXzcPkv Xam
I-fmb aqp [mXpsfbpw lh\w sNpp.
78. Abw tX tbm \nEXzntbm btXm PmtXm
Atcm NYmx Xw Pm\- Btcm- lm- [mt\m
hbm cbnanXyt\\ at{WmnamPnt{L-tZj
hm Attcym \ncyx {]mWx {]mWw K kzmw
tbm\nw K kztl-tXy-h-tasshXZm lh-\obm
Zn-am-lrXy ]qh hZn- amPn t{LZy-Zow \
hntZ]vkp PplpbmZmt]mssh khm tZhXmx
khmt`ym tZh- Xmt`ym Pptlman kztlXn
lqtXzmrXy XZZIw {]iv\nbmXv kmPyw lhn
c\mabw tamZan-XninJmw btm]- hoXw ]nXcw
]p{Xw If{Xw I Nm[ymb\w a{mcw hky-
ssPyh ]cn - { h- P- Xym hn tmj ass{
kv ss{X[mX-hossb hnt[-kvX-Zv {_ XZp]mko-
Xhyta sshXZnXn ]nXmalw ]p\x]{] \mcZx
IYa-b- tm-]- hoXn {_mW CXn- Xaml-]n-X-
amlx
79. kinJw h]\wIrXzm _lnxkq{Xw
XytPXv _p[x
bZcw ]cw{_ XXv kq{XanXn [mctb-Xv.
hn[nt]mse bw sNbvXp. at{mmcW-tmsS
Ansb {LmWnWw. ""AbwtX An''CXmWv a{w.
""At, Cu {]mW aptJ-\bmWv \o Bhn`hnXv.
{]mW kwh- c_- nXamb ImeamWv . AXn\memWv
\oImnam\mb-Xv . P-ImcW-amb {]mWs\ Adnp
\o AXn {]XnjvTnX\mIpI. R- fpsS m\kv
hnnpI. {]mW AnbpsS D- hn\v ImcW-
amWv. a{n {]mWsbpw AnbpsS GImX
hyampp.
Bl-h-\o- bm-nbn \npw Ansb {Kln-p.
An- {LmWmw \nh- ln- - Ww. Ansb {Kln- p.
Anbnsn Penepw lh\w sNmw. ""tZhm
Pekzcq]ambncnptm Rm Ahv thn lh\w
sNpp. Cu BlpXn Ahv e`ns.'' F-
nep-XmWv a{w. ]ns BNanWw. LrXbp
amb-Pew BtcmKy- tam-{]ZamWv. ]ns inJ, ]qWp
\q, ]nXmhv, ]p{X, `mcy, Iw, A[y-b-\w, hn`n
a{ CsXms hnp]ncnbmw. Fm am{Xta BX
am\nbmb hyn k\ymknbmIbpq. ss{X[mX
hob a{w tam {]ZamWv. AXneqsS {_m\w
t\Sn {_w, kXyw, m\w FnhtbmSpIqSnb-Xm
sW kev]-m AXns\ D]mknmw.
]ns \mcZ {_mhnt\mSv tNmZnp. ""`K- hm,
btm]hoXw ]cnXy-Pnp {_mWs nXn
FmWv?'' {_mhv ]d- p: ""m\nbmb ]pcpj
incv apWvU\w sNbvXv btm-]- ho- X- cq- ]-n
_mlyi-cocn [cnnp \q ssIhnv Ahyb\mb
{_w khnepw \qens cq]-n hym]nncnp
p. Fv kev]nv A[ym]- c\mIWw.
80. kqN\mq{XanXymlpx kq{Xw \ma ]cw]Zw
XXvkq{Xw hnZnXw tb\ k hnt{]m thZ]m]- cKx
81. tb\ khanZw t{]mXw kqt{X aWn
KWm Ch
bq{Xw [mctb-tZymKntbmK hny Zi\x
82. _lnx kq{Xw XytPXv hnZzm
tbmK-ap--aaam- nXx
{_ `mhanZw kq{Xw [mctbZyx k tNX\x
[mcWmky kq{Xkyt\m njvtSm \mip
Nn `thXv
83. kq{XaKXw tbjmw m\ btm
]ho- Xn\x
tX ssh kq{XhntZm temtI tX N
btm] hoXn\x
m\ tah ]cw tXjmw ]hn{Xw m\apNytX
84. Atcnh inJm\m\ym bkym m\abn inJ
k inJo-XypNytX hnZzmt- Xtc tIi- [mcnWx
I K
N P
513
85. IaWy- [nIrXm tb Xp sshZntI
{_m-Wn- Zbx
ssX hn[mcanZw kq{Xw {InbmwKw
Xnssh kvarXw
86. inJmm-\-abn bky D]-hoXw N Xbw
{_mWyw kIew Xky CXn {_ hntZm hnZp
cnXn
m\tl-XpIw Xs kq{Xw. AXpsImv kq{X
ns Aw ]ca]-ZsamWv. ]ca]-ZamIp kq{Xw
Adn- bp- - h- \mWv thZ- ]- Wv Un- X- \mb {_m- W.
kq hnizmhp,. \qenaWnI t]mse ]camm
hn tIms- ncnpp. tbmK\pw XXzZinbp
am-b- h bYm kq{XamWv [cnp- Xv. m\n
_mly-kq{Xw Dt]- nv {_amIp kq{Xw [cnv
tbmKs B{i-bnpp. A-s\bp- h\mWv ssNX
\y. B kq{Xns [mcW-m k\ymkn Dnjv t`m
mthm A]-cnipt\m BIpn. m\amIp
bPv tRm]-ho- Xm k\ymknbpsS lrZbw AewIrX
amWv . AhcmWv kq{Xns bmYmyw Adnbp- h.
k\ymknamcpsS btm]-ho-Xhpw inJbpw m\sa
s{X. m\amWv almb ]pcpjmw. AXyw
hnipamW- Xv. AnbpsS Pzme AXns kzcq]- ambncn
p- Xpt]mse m\nbpsS inJ m\abw Xs.
tIi- ab-amb inJ- b AXv. sshZnII A[nIm
cnbmb {_mW Ins AwK- amIp btm
]- hoXw [cnpp. m\ab-amb inJbpw kq{Xhpw
[cnphcnepw {_mWyw ]p- ambn nXn sNp
pshv {_- m\nI k-Xnnp-XmWv.
87. XtZXZznmb {_mWx ]cn{hPy ]cn{hm
tUI imSo apWv tUm ]cn{Klx icoc ti
klnjv Wp tZ- Yhm bYm- hn- [n- t- m- X- cq]
[tcm `qXzm k ]p{X an{XIfm{Xm]vX _zm Zo\n
kz m[ymbw khamWn k\ym- kymbw
{_mWvUw N khw Iu]\w ZWvUammZ\w
N Xyzm ZzzklnjvWp \ ioXw \ tNmjv Ww
kpJw \ ZpxJw \ \n{Zm \ am\h amt\ N jUqn
hPn tXm \nmlmc acx KhZw t`jym
kqtb-mtZzj kpJ ZpxJ Imat{Im[tem`tamlm
Zo hnkrPy kzh]px ihm- Im- c- anh kparXzm
kzhy- Xncnw ka-_lnca-\y- am\x Ikym]n
h\aIrXzm \ \akvImtcm \ kzmlmImtcm \
kz[mImtcm \ \nmkvXp Xn bmZrntIm `th
ZyZrmem`-kpjv Sx kphmZo ]cn{Ktl--
hml\w \ hnkP\w \ a{w \ a{w \ [ym\w
t\m]mk\w \neyw \meyw \ ]rYIv \m]r
YIv \ Xz\y{X kh- {Xm- \n- tIXx nc- aXnx
iq\ym Kmc hr-aqetZh-Krl-XrW-IqS-Ip-eme
imemn t]m{X imemn ZnK- c \Zo-XS]pfn\
`qKr-lI-c-\nXv[c kv XWvUn-tejp ht\ hm
tiz X- tIXp E`q \n ZmL Ej` `p hmkx
kwhI Zm- t{Xb ssch- X- I- h- Z- hy
enwtKmhym Nmtcm _mtem ]nimNhZ\p
- tm- hZm- Nmcw kv {Xo ZWv Uw inIyw
]m{Xw IaWvUepw IpSnkq{Xw Iu]o\w N XXv
khw `qkzmtl Xy]vkp ]cn-XyPy ISnkq{Xw
N Iu]o\w ZWvUw hkv{Xw IaWvUpew ka]-
kkrPymY PmXcq][c-tcXv. Bm\ a\znt
ZyYm PmXcq]- [tcm \nZztzm\njv ]cn{K- kvXXz
{_amt kayIv kx ipam\kx {]mW-
kmcWmw btYmImte Ic-]mt{X-Wm
t\y\ ambmNnXmlmcaml- c em`memt` ktam
`q Xz m \n ax ip - [ym\ Ncm- btWm
[ym\njvTx ip`mip`I \nqe\ ]cxkw
\ymky ]qm\ssI t_m[kvXZv {_ml- a
kvaoXn {_{]- W-ha\pkvac {`ac IoS\ymtb\
ico- c{Xb-apXv krPy k\ymtkss\h tZl- XymKw
ItcmXn kIrX IrtXym `hXo Xyp]\nj-Xv.
C-s\bp XXzw {Klnv k\ymkw kzoIcnt
Xv {_mWs IhyamWv. GIhkv{X[mcnbmbn
intcmapWv U\w sNbvXv A]-cn{Kl \nbaw ]men- Ww.
ico- c- tiw kln-p- hm km[n- m- Xncp-m Hcp
Iu]o\w [cnpItbm \X hcnpItbm BImw.
]p{Xan{X_m- hmZnIsf Dt]-nv kzm[ymb kXvI
- fn \ncX\mIWw. kIeXpambn _w hnv Iu]o\
ZWvU AwK-hkvXcmZnI shSnp. kIe Zzz`mK
fpw klnWw. kpJ ZpxJ iotXmjvW \n{Zm`nam\m
ham\-sfn Nn AcpXv. jVqnhnhPnX\mbn
\n, Almcw acw Khw ZmZmCjy Akqb C
tZzjw kpJw ZpxJ Imaw t{Im[w tem`w tamlw Ch
shSnp kzioccs ihw t]mse IcpXn B-Nn
am{Xw ssIsmv Bscbpw \akvIcnmsX btam
{imtam A\pjvTnmsX BcpsSbpw kv XpXn \nm
ZnI KWnmsX Ignb-Ww. GI\mbn kzX{ambn
Nnnv kzbw e`np-Xn Xr]v Xns-SWw. {Zhy kw{K-
l-acpXv. Bhml- \hnk-\mZnI ]mSn. a{w kzoI
cnpItbm [ym\w sNmsX, Dt]-npItbm eym
ey kwtbmK hntbmK Nn ssIhn- S- Ww. Hcp
m\p Xs XmaknpItbm t]mhpItbm ]mSn.
XtXmbn hotSm B{i-atam ]mSn. nc_pnbmbncn
Ww. iq\y Krlw, hr- aqew, tZhmebw, IpSn, Ipi
hs hoSv, Antlm{X ew \Zo-Xocw aWn,
`q Kr- lw, Kp l, Acp - hn , DX m\w, h\w
FhnsSbmbmepw B{ibw Innbm Xmaknmw. tizX
tIXp, E`p, \nZmL, Zp`mkmhp, kwhI, Zm
t{Xb, sschXI XpSnbhsctmse {]tXyI Nn-
an- msX Bcm- sWv Xncn-- dn- bm Ignbm- -hn[w
_me, D-, ]nimN Chbv smw s]cpamdmw.
I K
N P
514
ZWvUw, kn, ]m{Xw, IaWvU-ew, ISnkq{Xw, Iu]o-
\w, Chsbmw "`qkzmlm' Fp]- dv Pem \nt-
]nWw. ZnKw_c\mbn k-cnmw. Zzz`mhw shSnb-
Ww. \nXyw {_NmcnXzw hlnWw. lrZb ipn
tbmsS InpXpam{Xw Ignv em`mem` NnIqSmsX
B-_w am{Xw ]pen Ignb-Ww. kzbw {_
kz- cq] amsWv IcpXn tIhew {_ss
Nnnp sImn- cn- - Ww. {Xnhn[ imco- cm- l- mcw
shSnp khYm {]m]-nI _- hntZnv tZl
XymKw sN- Ww. Cs\ Ignbp k\ymknbmWv IrX
IrXy-s\v D]- \njv A\pimknpp.
\memw D] tZiw
1. Xzz temImw thZmw hnj-bm\o
{nbmWn N
At\yhntXm bkvXp k bmXn ]camw KXnw
2. \matKm{XmZnhcWw tZiw Imew {ipXw Ipew
htbm hrw {hXw ioew hym]tb ssh kZyXnx
3. \ kw`mtjXv kv{Xnbw ImnXv ]qh ZrjvSmw
N \ kvatcXv
IYmw N hPtb-mkmw \ ]tiyn JnXma]n
4. GXXpjvSbw tamlmXv kv{XoWmam-
NctXm btXx
Nnw hn{Inb-tXhiyw XZznImcmXv {]W-ky- Xn.
temI, thZ, hnjb, C{nbkpJw Ch
Dt]- nv B-nX\mb k\ymkn ]caKXn {]m]n
pp. Xs t]cv , Ipew, tKm{Xw, tZiw, Ah, ioew,
{hXw, imkv{Xm\w Fnhsb-pdnv BtcmSpw ]d-
b- cpXv. kv {XoIfpambn kwkmcnpItbm ]qh]-cnNnX
bmb kv {Xosb kv acnpItbm kv {XoIfpsS Nn{X
ImWp-Itbm Ah-cpambn Ntbm ]mSn-. ImcWw
kv {Xosb kw_-np Nbpw Nnbpw Ahcpam
bp khpw hnImcsf Do-]nnmw. Abmsf
tbmK{`jvS\mm CsXmw CSsImSpp-XmWv.
5. XrjvWm t{Imt[m \rXw ambm tem`
tamlu {]nbm{]ntb
inev]w hymJym\ tbmK Imtam cmK- ]- cn{Klx
6. Al- mtcm aaXzw N NnInm [ kmlkw
{]mb-nw {]bmk a{u-j-[]cminjx
7. {]Xnjnm\n ssNXm\n tkhamt\m {htPZ[x
BK KXnjvtTXn kzmKXw krlrtZm]nhm
8. km\\w N \ {_qbmXv ap\n tam
]cm-bWx
{]Xn{Klw \ KrlvWo-bmXv ss\h Nm\yw {]Zm
]- tbXv
9. t{]ctbZzm Xbm `npx kz]vt\ ]n \
IZm- N\
Pmbm {`Xr kpXmZo\mw _p\mw N ip`mip`w
10. {ipXzm ZrjvSzm \ ItX timI lju
XytP-ZyXnx
Alnwkm kXy- akvtXb {_Ncym]-cn{Klx
11. A\u-Xya-Zo-\Xzw {]kmZxsscyamPhw
Akvt\tlm Kpcpip{iqjm {im ImnZaxiax
12. Dt]m ss[cyam[ptcy XnXnm
IcpWm XYm
lokvXYm m\hnmt\ tbmtKm eLy
i\w- [rXnx
13. Gj kz[tm hnJymtXm bXo-\m,
\nb-Xm\mw.
\nZztzm\nXy kzx kh{X kaZi\x
tamlw, aaX, amb, tem`w, XrjvW, t{Im[w, Ak
Xyw, cmKw, Al-mcw, B{K-lw, kw{K-lw, ]vkwKw,
inev]w, NnIn, hyhkmbw, ]cKrl- hmkw, {]mb-n
w, Huj- [hn-XcWw, a{{]- tbmKw hnj-{]- tbmKw,
[kmlkw BiohmZw Fnh k\ymknamv \njn
amIpp. AXn\p hn]co-Xambn {]hnp- h
kz[NypX\mIpw. tamw B{K-lnp k\ymkn
kplrpsf kzmKXw sNpItbm _lpam\npItbm
IqsS XmaknnpItbm AcpXv. Zm\w kzoIcncpXv.
`mcy-]p-{X ktlm-Zc XpSnb {]nb P\--fpsS
ip`mip` hm- I tIp- Itbm ImWp- Itbm
sNbvXpw Nm- eyn\nSsImSpcpXv. ljtimImZnI
shSnb-Ww. Alnwk, kXyw, AkvtXbw, {_Ncyw,
A]- cn{Klw, AssZ\yw, imn, {]k-X, ncX, kc-
fX, kv t\lw, Kpcpip{iqj, {i, a, C{nb-\n{K
lw, at\m\n{K- lw, DZmko-\X, [ocX, am[pcyw, kln
jvWpX, IcpW, e, Aev ]mlmcw, m\hn\
]cmbWX Chbnsemw kw\ymkn {]tXyIw {i sNep
tXmWv .
14. Xpcobx ]ctamlwkx kmmm
cmbtWm bXnx
GIcm{Xw htkZv{Kmta \Ktc ]cm{XIw
15. hjmt`ym\y{X hjmkp amkmw
NXptcm htkXv
Zzncm{Xw hm htkZn{Kmta `npbZn htkZm
16. cmKmZbx {]ktPycw kvtX\mku
\mcIo `thXv
{Kmamt \nt\ tZti \nb-Xmm \ntIX\x
17. ]cytSXv IoShZv `qau hjmtkzI {X
kwhtkXv
I K
N P
515
GIhmkm Ahmkm hm GI. ZrjvSn ctemep]x
18. AZqj-b kXmw amw [ym\ bptm
alow NtcXv
ipNu tZxi kZm `npx kz[ a\p]meb
19. ]cytSX kZmtbmKo ho- b hkp[mXew
\ cm{Xu \ N a[ymtl\ ky- tbm
ss\h ]cyS
20. \iqt\y \ N Zpt hm {]mWn
_m[mItc \ N
GI cm{Xw htkZv {Kmta ]t\ Xp Zn\{Xbw
21. ]ptc Zn\Zzbw `np \Ktc ]cm{XIw
hjmtkzI{X XnjvtTX mt\
]pWy-Pem-hrtX
22. BhXv kh `qXm\n ]iy `np
tclow
AhXv PUhssh _[ntcm aqI-hXv.
23. kv\m\w {Xnj-hWw t{]mw _lpZI
h\tbmx
lwtk Xp kIrtZhkymXv ]clwtk\ hnZytX
kXzKpW, kaZin, ZzzmXo-X, Xpcnbm{i-an
X Cu \nebnep ]calwkw k\ymkn \mcmb-Ws
kmmXv kzcq]w XsbmWv. {Kman Hcp cm{Xn
\Kcn Apcm{Xn C{Xtb k\ymkn Xmaknm
hq. Fm hjImev Cu \nbaw _m[- Ia-.
NmXpmkymamb Av Htc m\v Xmaknmw.
Gsd HcnSp Xmaknptm cmKmZnI DmIpw.
AXv \cI {]m]vXnv ImcW- amIpw. {Kmans Hcp
`mKv X\nsb PntX{nb- \mbn IgnbWw. Fpamkhpw
IoSns\mv k- cnWw. GI hkv{X[mcntbm ZnKw
_-ct\m BImw. Nmeyw ]mSn. hnj- b-NnmclnX
\mbn Zym\\ncX\mIWw. At[mZrjvSnbmbncnpI cm{Xn
bnepw a[ym-nepw kyIfnepw bm{X th. iq\y
Zp- am\ ssIshSnb-Ww. hj- Imev hnip
m\w tXSWw. kh`qX- sfbpw X\nv kaambn
ImWWw. A, _[nc, aqI, PU, {`m Fn
hsct]mse Fm _mly- Zriy-fn\npw A\`n-
\mIWw. _lpZI\pw h\hmknbmb bXnbpw {Xnky
Ifnepw kv \m\w sNpp. lwk\n kv \m\w Hcn
aXn. ]calwkmhbn kv \m\mZnI Bhiy-an.
24. au\w tbmKmk\w tbmK- kXnXn
ssImio-eXm
\nx kv]rlXzw kaXzw N kv]ssX
Xmt\yI ZWvUn\mw
25. ]clwkm{ia tmln kv\m\m tZchn[m\Xx
Atij Nn hro\mw XymKw tIhe amNtcXv
26. XzMv amwk cp[nckv\mbp am tatZmn
kwlXu hnaq-{X]qtb caXmw {InaoWmw
Inb- Z-ca
27. Iz ico- catijmWmw tjvamZo\mw almNbx
Iz NmwK- tkm`mku-`mKy Ia\obm Ztbm KpWx
28. amwkmkrIv ]qb-hnaq{X kv\mbpam
nkw-lXu
tZtl tNXv {]oXnam aqtVm `hnXm \ctI
]n kx
29. kv{XoWmahmNy tZiky n- \mUo
{hWky N
AtZtZy ]n at\mt`-Zm\x {]mtbW hWy- tX.
30. Na JWvUw Zzn[m`n- a]mt\mZvKmc [q]nXw
tb can \akvtX`yx kmlkw InaXx ]cw
31. \ Xky hnZytX Imcyw \ enwKm hm hn]- nXx
\ntam \n`bx imtm \nZztm
h t`mP\x
32. ap\nx Iu]o\ hmkmx kytm hm [ym\X
ev]cx Ghw m\]tcm tbmKo {_
`qbmb Iev]- tX.
a\\w, tbmKw, Bk-\w, GImtk-h\w, XnXo
\nkv]rlX, aaX, Cu Ggp Imcy- GIZWvUImcn
Ifmb k\ymknam Xobmbpw A\pjvTnWw. ]ca
lwkmhbnsenb- h\v kv\m\mZn I A\n
hmcy- a. Ah\v Nnhrn ]cnXymKw Xs t{ib-
kv Icw amwkc N \mUo- tatZm amn \nn
Xamb ico-cn canp a\pjypw aeaq{XmZnI
fn InSp IranIpw Xn Fpt`Zw? icocw
shdppmp I^mZnIfpsS IqmcamWv. AXnsep
kucyamWv? hrnsI ]Zm-- fpsS kahmbamb
Cu i- co-cs t{]anp a\pjys t{]aw \cIn
emWv. kv {XoIfpsS AhmNyfmb AwKpw No-
fn {hWpw Xn Hcp t`Zhpansnepw a\p
jy am\knI hn{`am hnXcmIpp. k\ymkn
bmsXmcp Nnhpw hlncpXv. Ah\v Hcp Ihpw
sNtXmbnn. `bw, aaX, ZzzNn Ch hnv im
\mbn Ah `-WmZn NnIfn \nv hnap\mbn
cnpp. ZnKw_c\mtbm Iu]o-\[mcnbmtbm Ah
[ym\nWw. Cs\ m\hrnbn apgpInb tbmKn
{_`mhn\v Al-\mIpp.
33. enwtK kXy- ]nJezkvan m\tah
lnIm-cWw
\ntm-mtbl `qXm\mw
enwK- {Kmtam \ncIx
I K
N P
516
34. b- kw \ Nmkw \m{ipXw\ _lp{ipXw
\ kphrw \Zphrw thZInXv
k {_mWx
35. XkvamZenwtKm [tm {_hr
a\p{hXw
KqV [m{intXm hnZzm\ m\ NcnXw
NtcXv .
36. knKv[x kh`q-Xm\mw hm{ia
hnhnXx
Ah- Uhm]n aqIh alow NtcXv
37. Xw ZrjvSzm ima\kw kv]rlbo
Znhu- Ikx
enwKm`mhmp ssIheyanXn {_m\p
-imk\w CXn
m\w XsbmWv k\ymknepw tam-n\v
ImcWw. m\w IqSmsX hn`n Nn- [cnp
Xv \nc- IamWv . {_m\nbmIs km[p, Akm
[p, aqJ, hnZzm, kphr, Zphr Cu t`Z
_pnsbmpanmh\mWv . AXn\m k\ymkn Nn-
-sfmpanmsX {_-Nn-m]- c\mI- Ww. A\yv
ImWhn-[nembncn-t Ahs tbmKmZr\p
jvTm\, hm{i-aXoX\mbn, A-_-[ncaq
ImZnIsmw Ah k- cnWw. Cs\ {]im
Nn\mb kw\ymknsb Zinp tZhm BPohnX
hrn sImXnpp. B-`mhn \npw `n- ambn
Hn\pw AkvXnXzans Nn a\n DZbw sImp
tm ssIheyw knnpp. {_XXzmIamb D]-
tZiw CXmWv.
38. AY \mcZx ]nXm-alw k\ymk hn[n. t\m
{_qloXn ]{]- . ]nXmalxX-tYXyw Ko IrXy
BXptc hm {Ita hm]n Xpco- bm- {ia kzoIm-
cmw IrNv{] {]mb-n ]qhIajvS {imw
Ipcymt-hjn Znhy-a\pjy `qX ]nXr am{Xt
Xyjv S {imm\n IpcymXv {]Ya kXy hkp
kw-Im hnizm tZh tZh{imt {_
hnjvWp atl- izcm Ejn {imt tZhjn {Xn
bjn a\pjyjo Znhy- {imt hkpcp{`mZnXy
cq]m a\pjy-{imt kuIk\\ k\XvIpamc
k\-XvkpPmX `qX{imt ]rYn hymZn ]a
lm-`q-Xm\n NpcymZn Ic-Wm\n NXphn[-`qX
{Kam ]nXr{imt, ]nXr]nXmal {]]nXma-lm
amXr {imt amXr ]nXmalo {]]nXmalo- cm
{imt B ]nXr]nXmal PohXv ]nXrIiv
tNzXv ]nXcw Xzzm B ]nXmal {]]nXma
lm\nXn kh{X bp Iv Wp]vXym {_mWm-
\- tb- tZz- Zm- [zc ]t Ajv Sm- [z- c- ]t hm
kzimJm\pK- Xass{ cjvS{imm\yjvS Znt\jp
hm GIZnt\ hm ]nXrbmtKm hn[mt\\ {_m
Wm- \- `y `pyw bYm- hn[n \nhy
]nWvU{]- Zm\m\n \nhy ZnWmXmw_qsse
kvtXmj-bnXzm {_mWm t{]j-bnXzm Atij
I knyw tIim k{]m- jv S[m ZznPx
kwn]y hm]-tbXv ]qhw tIiiva- {ip\Jm\n
N CXn k]v X- tI- im kwcy Itm- ]
hw uc]qhIw kv\mXzm kmbw-kym
h\w \nhXy kl{klmb{Xo P]vXzm {_
bw \nhXy kzm[o-\mn ap]-m]y kzim
tJm]kwl- cWw IrXzmXZp-{]ImtcW BPym
lpXn amPy-`mKmw lpXzmlpXn hn[nw kam]y
BmZn`nkv{Xnhmcw kp{]miv\w IrXzm AN
a- \-]qh- I-anw kwcy kzb-a- tcp cXx
IrjvWm Pnt\m]cn nXz ]pcmW {ihW ]qh
Iw. PmK- cWw IrXzm NXpbmamt kv\mXzm
ZIu Ncpw {i]- bnXzm ]pcpj-kpt-\mky
tjmUimlp Xn lpXzm hncPm tlmaw IrXzm
AYm-Nay kZnWw hkv {Xw kph- ]m{Xw
t[\pw ZXzmkam]y {_tmZzmk\w IrXzm kw
amknp acpXx kan{x kw_rlkv]Xn kw
amb- anx kn- Xzm-bp- jmN [t\\ N _te\
Nmbp- jv ax ItcmXp ta CXn bmt{X At
bnbm X\p kvXtb-lym-tcmlm-y- \mm\w
Am hkq\nIrWz- -kta \cym ]pcqWn btm
`qXzm b-amkoZ kzmw tbm\nw PmXthtZm `ph
BPmb-am\x k b G[nXy- t\\mn B\ym
tcm]y [ymXzmnw {]ZnW \akvImc ]qhI
aq-Zzmky {]mXx kymap]mky kl{k Kmb{Xn
]qhIw kqtcym]- m\w IrXzm \m`nZLvt\mZ
Iap]hnhn-iy- jvSZnIv]meImLy ]qhIw Kmb-
{XypZzmk\w IrXzm kmhn{Xow hym]rXnjp {]th
i- bnXzm Alw hrky tccnhx Ionx ]rjvTw
Kntccnh Du[z]- hnt{Xm, hmPn\o- hkz arXakvan
{ZhnWw. ta kh kwkpta[m AartXmnXx
CXn {Xnitm thZm\p hN\w b-kmarjt`m
hnizcq] Otmt`ym[yar XmXv kw_- `ph k ta
Ct{m ta[bm kv]rtWmXp AarXky tZh[m
ctWm `qbmkw icocw ta hnNjWw Znlzm ta
a[pa- -am. Im- `ym- `q- cn-hn- {ihw {_- Wx-tI-
timkn ta[bm]n lnXx {ipXw ta tKm]mb Zmtc
j- Wm- bm hnt- jWm bm temtI- j- Wm-
bm hypntXmlw. Hmw `pxk\ykvXw abmx Hmw
`phx k\y- kvXwabm Hmw kphx k\ykvXw abm
Hmw `q`qhx kph k\y- kXw k\ykvXw atbXn
a{ a[ya Xme P[z- \n-`n a\- km- hm- tNm- mcy
A`bw kh`qtX-t`m- ax khw {]htX
kz mtl Xyt\\ Pew {]miy {]mNymw Zn in
I K
N P
517
]qtmRvPenw {]n]y Hmw kzmtlXn inJm
apXv]mZy btm]- hoXw ]caw ]hn{Xw {]Pm]-
tXb klPw ]pckvXmXv Bbpjy- a{Kyw {]Xn
ap ip{`w btm- ]-hoXw _e- akv Xp tXPx
btm- ]- hoX _ln \ \nh- tkkv Xz ax
{]hniy at[y lyP{kw ]caw ]hn{Xw btim_ew
m\sshcmKyw ta[mw {]b-tXn btm]-
hoXw OnXzm DZImRvPen\w kl Hmw `qx kap{Zw
K kz ml- tK- Xy]v kp Pqlp - bmXv Hmw `q x
k\ykvXw abm. Hmw `qhx k\ykvXw abm. Hmw
kphx k\ykvXw abm CXn {Xncpzm {Xnhmca
`na{ Xew {]mmNay Hmw `qx kzmtl- Xy]vkp
hkv{Xw ISnkq{Xa]n hkrPy khI-\n-hr
- tImlanXn kv arXzm PmX cq]- [- tcm- `qXzm
kzcq]m- \p-k- m- \-]qh- I- aq[z _mlp- cp- ZoNnw
KtXv .
]ns \mcZ hopw {_mhnt\mSv tNmZnp: ""`K-
h, k\ymk- hn[nsbn ]d-pXcm ZbhpmIWw''
AXptIv {_mhv ]dp: ""BXpck\ymktam {Ia
k\ymktam kzoIcnp- Xn\v BZyw {]mb- nsa
\nebn Ir{mZn{hX- f\pjv TnWw. ]ns tZhm,
aljnam, Znhy-m, a\pjy, `qX, ]nXr,
amXmhv, Bmhv Fns\ Fpt]v thn {imw
sN- Ww. kXyw Fpw hkp Fpw t]cp hniztZh
msc Blzm\w sNbvXv tZh- {im-- n {_- mhv
hnjvWp atlizcmsc Blzm\w sNWw. Ejn {im
n tZhjnam a\pjy Ejnam, cmPjnam Fn
hsc Blzm\w sN-Ww. Znhy-{imn AjvShkp
, GIm- Zi- cp- {Z-m, ZzmZ-imZn- Xy-m Fnhsc
Blzm\w sN-Ww. am\h{imn k\I, kZm\
, k\XvIpamc, k\pPmX Chscbpw hnfn
Ww. `qX{imn ]rYzn XpSnb ]- `q- X-sfbpw
t\{XmZnIfmb C{nb- sfbpw Pcmbp, PcmZn \mep hn[
nep PohnIsfbpw hnfnWw. ]n{imn
]nXmhv ]nXmal {]]nXmal F-\hscbpw amXr
{imn amXmhv amXmaln Fnhscbpw hnfnWw.
B-{imn Xsbpw ]nXmhnsbpw ]nXmal
sbpw {imw sN-Ww. ]nXmhv PohnncnpIbmsW
n Atlns {imw sNmsX Xsbpw ]nXm
alsbpw {]]nXmalsbpw {imw sN-Ww. AjvS
{ims Htc A\pjvTm\ns AwK-amn Cu cv
F {Ian {_mWsc Wnv Ahsc ]qPn
Ww. AjvS {im {]tXyIw {]tXyIw A\pjvTn
p ]w Xs imJ-bns] a{ aptJ\ Fp
ZnhkwsImtm Hcp Znhkw sImtm A\pjvTnmw.
{_mW ]qP, t`mP\w XpSnb I-sfmw bYm
hn[n ]qnbmn ]nWvUZm\w sN-Ww. XmSn, aoi,
\Jw Ch Dt]- nWw. I-nsebpw D]-n
sebpw tcmaw Ifb-cpXv. apIptijw kv\m\w
sNbvXp kmbwky-bn Bbncw Dcp Kmb{Xn a{w
P]nWw. ]ns {_bmKw sNbvXv An m]\w
\nhlnWw. kzw imJ D]-kwlcnp. BZy-`mKw
hsc LrXmlpXn thWw. lh\w ]qnbmbm hdp
amhns aqv Dcpf `npIbpw B Na\w sNbvXv
Anbn kanv Cv, AnbpsS D-c`mKmbn
IrjvW arK-tmenencpp ]pcmW IYm{i- hWw \nh
lnv cm{Xn DWncnpIbpw thWw. ]ns cm{Xnbnse
\mew bman kv\m\w sNbvXv AtX Anbn Xs
Ncp ]mIs- Spn ]pcpj kqnse tjmU-ia{
-fm Ncphns ]Xn\mdp BlpXnI \nt-]nv
hncP F tlmaw sNbvXv BNa\w ZnW hkv{Xw,
kphw, ]m{Xw, ]ip Fnh Zm\w sNWw. {_tm
Zzmk- \n\ptijw AnbpsS B[nssZhnIcq]w Xs
Bmhn {]XnjvTnWw. ]ns An[ym\w \a
kv Imcw Chbvp tijw Ah Animebn hkPn
Ww. {]mXy- bn Bbncw Dcp Kmb{Xn P]nv
kqtcym]- m\w sNpI. \m`nhsc Pen \np
sImv AjvSZnIv ]memv ALyw \IWw. at{m
mcWn\ptijw "A`-bw...' Fp XpSp a{
m BNa\w sNbvXp ]qhm`napJ- ambn \nv ARvP
en\ndp Pew t{]mWw sNbvXv "Hmw kzmlm...' Fp
cnv inJ- bn tijnnp tcmafpw ]ngpXpIfb-
Ww. ]ns btm]-hoXw tOZnp PemRvPentbmsS
Pen HgppI. Hmw `q... XpSnb a{ aqp
{]mhiyw Dcnp sImv BNa\w \SpI. Hmw `qx
kzmlm' Fpcnv hkv{Xhpw ISnkq{Xhpw Pen
Dt]- npI. AtXmsSmw Cs\ NnnpI. ""Rm
I- sfmw Dt]-nncnpp.'' ]ns ZnKw_c\mbn
B-hnNn\w sNbvXv ssII apIfntebv mn hS
pZnp t\mn bm{XsNpI.
39. ]qhh hZzXv k\ymko tNZv Kptcmx kIm
imXv {]Wh hmtIym]tZiw. {]m]y bYmkpJw
hnlc a Inmt\ym hyXncn CXn ^e
]- t{XmZImlm-cx ]hXh\tZhXmetbjp k
tcXv k\ym- kymY Zn\w- _cx kIe km-c- I.
kh- `m- \- - kz m- \p - `- sshI ]q lr Zbx
ImXn Zqcem`x {]mWm-bma ]cmbWx ^ec
kXzIv ]{Xaq-temZssIx tammo Kncn I
tcjp hnkrtPtlw kvacw kvXmcIw. hnhnZnjzm
k\ymko tN X]Yw KXzm BNmcymZn`nhnss{]-
kv Xnjv T XnjvT alm`mK ZWv Uw hkv{Xw Ia
Wv Uew KrlmW {]Wh alm hmIy {Kl-
Wmw Kpcp\nIS amKt XymNmsscy ZWvU
ISn kq{X Iu]o\w imSntaImw IaWvUepw ]mZm
Zn- a- kv XI {]am- W- a- {h- Wwa kaw kuay- a- Ime
]rjvTwk eWw sshWhw ZWvUtaI amNa
I K
N P
518
\- ]qhIw kJm- am- tKm- ]mbu Nx kJm- tb
ko{ky ht{Pmkn hm{XLv \x ia ta `h
bXv ]m]w XnhmctbXn ZWvUw ]cn{K- tl- -
K- nh\w Poh\m[mc`qXw am tX am a{-bkz
khZm kh- ku- tayXn {]W- h- ]qhIw Ia-
WvUepw ]cnKrly Iu]o-\m[mcw ISnkq{Xtam
anXn KplymmZIw Iu]o-\tamanXn ioXhmtXm
jv W- {Xm- W- Icw tZssl- I- c- - W- tam- anXn ISn
kq{X Iu]o\ hkv{XamNa\]qhIw tbmK- ]- m
`njntm `qXzm IrXmtmlanXn aXzm kzm{i-
amNmc ]tcm`-thZnXyp]- \nj-Xv.
m\m`nemj-tmsS k\ymkw kzoIcnpIgn
m \qd-Sn\SXn\ptijw BNmcymZnIfpsS W-
a\pkcnv ZWvUw, IaWvU-ep, hkv{Xw, Fnh kzoI
cnp-Xn\p B sImSppXn\pw {]W- hmZna
{-fpsS D]-tZiw {ihnpXn\pw Ww Innb-
Xns\ XpSv k\ymkn BNmcys\ kao-]npIbpw
BNmcy sImSp ZWvUw, IaWvUep, Iu]o\w, Ac
m, NcSv, ]pXv Fnh kzoIcnpIbpw sN-
Ww. apfhSnbmWv ZWvUambn sImSppXv . AXv Imap
X incphsc s]map- XmbncnWw. XpfbnmsX
an\pan\pv t{ijv T- amb B ZWv Uw Idpp\nd-
apXmIcpXv. CsXmw kzoIcnXn\ptijw BNan
tXmWv. A\cw \nnjvTa{w Dcnv ZWvUw
ssIbnseSpv DNnXamb A\pjvTm\w \nlnWw.
BNa\w sNbvXv Xm tbmK ]m`njn\mbn Fv
hnNmcnv kzm{i- amNmc]c\mbn PohntXmWv. CXmWv
D]-\nj-ns A\pimk-\w.
]tam ] tZiw
1. AY ssl\w ]nXmalw \mcZx ]{]- , `K-h
kh I \nhIx k\ymk CXn- Xzssb
thmx ]p\x kzm{i-amNmc]tcm `thZnXypNyptX.
XXx ]nXmal DhmN. ico- cky tZlnt\m Pm{KXv
kz]v\-kpjp]v Xn Xpco- bm-hx kn-XZ[o\mx
Iam\ sshcmKy{]hIm ]pcpjm P
hkvXZ\p IpemNmcmx knXssYh tNZv `K-h
k\ymkmx IXnt`Zm kvXZ\pjvTm\t`Z. IoZrim
kv XX kv amIw hp al- ko- Xn. XtYXywKo
IrXy Xp ]nXmatl\
\mcZ {_mhnt\mSp tNmZnp. ""`K- h, Av
k\ymkw khI \nhIsapw AtXmsSmw
Xs B{i-an\nW- nb BNmc kwc-nW-
sapw ]d- p. AXns hni- Zo- I- cWw \IWw
{_mhv ]dp: tZl[mcnbmb Pohnv Pm{K-Xv, kz]v\w
kpjp]vXn, Xpcobw Fo \mev AhIfmWpXv.
Chbn Iw m\w sshcmKyw XpSnb-hbpsS
{]h\hpw \Spp. Fm PohnIfpw Cu \meh
Isfbpw B{i-bnv Ahm\pIqew Pohnpp.
k\ymko, {_Nmcn, Krl, hm\{]- Chsc
sImv tkh\ob kv am I \nhlnnp
p. AXpt]mse k\ymkn\\pIqeambn {ihW-a\
\- \n- Zn- [ym- k- \- fpw Bh- iy- am- Wv . B A`n- {]m- b-
memWv k\ymkn B{i- an\v A\pIqeambns
{]hnppshv ]d- - Xv. ""\mcZ ]d- p. ""`K-
h, C\n k\ymkns t`Z-sfnbpw AhbpsS
A\p- jv Tm- \- n- ep A- c- - sf- - nbpw ]dp
XctW.''
27. k\ym- k- t`- ssZ- cm- Nm- c- t`- Z. IY- an X
tNz XkvtXzI Gh k\ymkx Amt\
\m- i- n- h- imXv I- tem- ]- - ss{X- hn- [y- taXp
sshcmKy kw\ymkmZv m\ k\ymtkm m\
sshcmKy k\y-kx Ia k\ym-k- Xn NmXp
hn[y-ap]mKX kvXZy- tYXn ZpjvTaZ-\m`mthtXn
hnj-b-sshjvWy-taXy {]mIv]pWy I himXv
k\ykv Xx k sshcmKy k\ymko imkv {X
m\mXv ]m]- ]pWy temIm\p`h{i- hWmXv {]]-
tm]- cXx t{Imt[jym-kq- bml mcm- `nam-\m-
tI khkwkmcw \nhrXy Zmtcj- Wm[t\
j-Wm, temtIj-WmtI tZlhmk\mw imkv{X
hmk\mw temI-hm- k\mw Xyzm ha- \m- anh
{]IrXobw khanZw tlbw aXzm, km[\ NXp
jvSb ktm bx kw\y- kyXn k Gh m\
k\ym- kn. {ItaW kh- a- `ymkn kh- a- \p- `qb
m\ sshcmKym`yw kzcq]m\pkmt\\ tZl-
am-{Xhin-tjSx k\yky PmXcq]-[tcm`-hXn k
m\ sshcmKy k\ymko {_Ncyw kam]y
Krlo `qXz m hm\- {]- m- {i- taXp sshcmKy
k\ymkn {_-Ncyw kam]y Krlo-`qXzm hm\-
{]-m-{i-tatXy sshcmKy `mth ]ym{ia{I- am
\pkm- tcW bx k\ymky- kw- \ymkm mX- cq-]-
[tcm sshcm- Ky- k- \ym- ko. hnZz Xv k\ymko
m\ k\ymko hnhnZnjm k\ymko Ik
\ym- ko.
{_mhv ]dp: Rm C\n k\ymkm{ia t`Z
sfn ]d-bmw. bYm-n k\ymkw Hcp {]Imc
nte Dq. ]t APvRm\w Akmayw I
tem`w Chbm AXn\v At\I cq]- Dmbnpv.
sshcmKy k\ymkw, m\k\ymkw, m\sshcmKy
k\ymkw, I k\ymkw Fns\ \mepXcamWv.
a\nse ZpjnX `mh\ amdn hnj- b-hncn hv ]qh
P-kpIr- X-fmb kXvI-fpsS ^eambn hncn
tbmsS k\ymkw kzoIcnp-h\mWv sshcmKy k\ym
kn. imkv{Xm\-mtem, A\-`hPv Rm\mtem
kzm`mhnIambpw {]]- - tmSp hncn tXmnbh\mWv
I K
N P
519
m\ k\ymkn. tIm]w, Cujy, Akqb, Al- mcw
Fnh tN hnizs AIn kv {Xo[\JymXn Ima
\Ifn \npw ap\mbnp-h\pw tZlm ImZnhm
k- \-I XyPn-- h- \p- amWv m\-k- \ym- kn. kIe
imkv{Xfpw A`yknv A\p`hm\w t\Sn m\
sshcmKy- m B-kzcq]- [ym\]- c\mbn ZnKw_-c\m
bncnp-h sshcmKy-k-\ymknbmWv . {_Ncyw Ah
km- \n- nv Krl- m- {iaw ]cn- ]m- env hm\- {]- -
n\npw k\ymkw kzoIcnh Ik\ymknbm
Wv . {_Ncyn\p tijw k\ymkw ssIsImv ZnKw
_-c\mbno- cp- h sshcmKy k\ymkn. hnZzXv k\ym
knsb m\ k\ymknsbpw ]d-bpw. hnhnZnjzm k\ym
knbpsS asmcp t] I k\ymkn FmWv.
8. 17. I- k- \ym- tkm]n Zznhn[x \nan
kw\ymtkm A\nan kw\ymktXn \nan
kv Xzm-Xp- cx A\n- an {Ia kw\ymkx BXpcx
khI tem]x {]mW tkymXv {ItaW Ime
k\ymkx k \nan k\ymkx ZrVmwtKm `qXzm
khw IrXIw \izcanXn tZlm- ZnIw khw
tlbw {]m]y lwkx ipNn - j- Zz - kp- c- - cn
ktymXm thZnj-`XnYn ZptcmW-kXv \rj-Zzc
k- Zr- - `- thym- k- Z- _v Pm- tKmPm EXPm A{ZnPm
EXw _rlXv {_hyXncnw khw \izcanXn
\nnXymtYm {ItaW bx k\y- kyXn k k\ym
tkm\nan kw\ymkx
k\ymkx jUv hnt[m `hXn IpSo- NtIm _lq
ZtIm lwkx ]calwkx Xpco-bmXo- tXmAh[q-
Xt-Xn. IpSo-NIx inJmb tm]- hoXn ZWvU
I- a- Wv U- ep- [cm Iu]o- \- I- m- [cx ]nXr amXr
KphmcmZ\]cx ]nTcJ\n{X inIymZn a{-km[
\]c GI{XmmZ\]cx ttXm[z ]pWv{U[mco
{XnZWvUx _lqZIx inJmZn Im[c kv{Xo]p
Wv {U- [mco ISn- N- I- hXv kh ktam a[p Ic
hr Xymjv S I_fmio lwtkm PSm- [mco
{Xpt{m[z]pWv{U[mco AkwXr]vX a[pI-cm
mio Iu]o\ JWvU[mco ]calwkx inJmb-
b- tm]- hoX clnXx ] KrltjzI cm{Xm
mZ\ ]cx Ic]m{Xn GIIu-ho-\[mco imSo- ta-
Im- taIw sshWhw ZWv U- ta- I- imSn [tcm hm
`kv tam- q\ ]cx kh- Xym- Ko. Xpco- bm- XotXm
tKmapJx ^emlmco Amlmco tNZv Krl{Xtb
tZl- am- {Xm- h- injv tSm ZnKw- _cx IpW- ]- h- - coc
hrnIx Ah-[qXkvXz\nbtam `nikv X]-XnX
h\ ]qhIw khhtjz PK- chrXymlm
c]cx kzcq]m\p km\]cx
\nan k\ymksapw A\nan kw\ymk- sapw
I kw\ymkw cphn[nepv. BXpc kw\ymkw
Xs \nan k\ymkw: {Ik-\ymkw A\nan k\ym
kwamWv. tcmK- _m[nX\mbn acW- Imev k\ymkw
kzoI-cnp--XmWv \nan k\ym-kw. as-msa--
t]mse ico-chpw \izcamsWv km[I Adnbpp.
]cammhv BImi-k- mcnbmb lwkamWv . hkp A-
co kmcnbmWv. thZnbn {]XnjvTnXamb An
AXmWv: tlXmhpw AXpXs. Krs AXnYnbm
W- Xv. a\pjy-cnepw AXv Dsmpp. kXy-nepw
hninjvShkvXpfnepw AXpv. BImi- nepw Pe
nepw ]rYznbnepw hmWnbnepw ]hXnepsamw
AXv {]ISamIpp, AXp XsbmWv GIhpw ]cahp
amb kXysav ]d-bmw. Cs\ ]c{_w am{Xta kXy
ambnpq Fv IcpXn {_samgnp-sXmw \izc
sap IcpXn {Iaambn k\ymkm{i- an {]thinp
- h\mWv A\nan kw\ymkn. AXpt]mse IpSo-N
I _lqZI lwk, ]calwk, Xpco-bmXo-X,
Ah[qX Cs\ k\ymknam Bdv {]Imcnsev
]d-b- s-Sp-p.
inJbpw btm]- hoXhpw ]cnXyPnmsX ZWvUw
IaWvUep, Iew, Xq, kn Fnh kqnpIbpw
a{knnbn ebnncnpIbpw sNp- h IpSo- NI
k\ymknbmWv . AXn\m tizXmz ]pWv {Uhpw
{XnZWvUhpw [cnpp. Htc m\p \np Xs
bmWv `Ww IgnpXv. IpSo-NIs\tmseXs
inJbpw btm]- hoXhpw [cnv {Xn]pWv {U[mcnbmbn
kaZinbmbn ]e hoSpIfn\npw `-bmNnv Ign
pIbpw Fpcpfam{Xw `npIbpw sNp- h\mWv
_lpZI. PSm[mcnbmb Du[z]pWv{Uw [cnv Im]o\w
XpWn `nm]m{Xw Fnh kqnp-h\mWv lwk
F k\ymkn.
inJbpw kq{Xhpw [cnmsX Ap hoSpIfn
\npw `n- bmNnv Hmtcm cm{Xnbnepw `Ww Ignp
-h\mWv ]calwk. ]m{Xns m\v ssI D]-
tbmKnpp. AXpsImv Abmsf Ic]m{Xn Fp
]d- bmdpv. Hcp Iu]o-\w, Hcp ]pXv, apfhSn Fnh
[cnpw. kh ]cnXymKnbmb Cbm `kvate]-\XXv]-
c\mWv.
Inp-sXtm AXpsImv Xr]vXns-Sp-h\mWv
Xqco-bmXoX k\ymkn. Abm BtcmSpw Hpw bmNn
n-. ^emlmcw am{XamWv `Ww. aqp hoSpI
fn\np am{Xw Aw kzoI- cn- pw. ZnwKw_- cXzw
ssIsmpp. bmsXmcp hn[nep _hpw am\n
mh\mWv Ah[qX. IfnXcpw ]XnXcpamm
hcn \nv Fp Inptm AXv kzoIcnv APKchr
nbn AXmbXv HcnSp InSv ASpphp Inp
Cc am{Xw Ignp s]cpmns kz`mhtmsS Ign
bph\mWv Ah[qX.
I K
N P
520
18. BXptcm PohXn tNXv {Iak\ymkx Ihyx
IpSo-NI _lqZIlwkm\mw {_Ncym {iamZn
Xpco- bm{i- ahXv IpSo-NIm\mw k\ymk hn[nx ]c
alwkmZn{XmbmWmw \ ISn kq{Xw \ Iu]o\w
\ hkv {Xw \ Ia- Wv U- ep \ ZWv Ux- kh
hssI ss`m- S\ ]cXzw PmX- cq- ]- [-cXyw
hn[nx k\ymkImte ]yew_pn ]cy a[oXy
XZ\cw ISnkq{Xw Iu]o\w ZWvUw hkv{Xw
IaWvUew kha]vkp hnkrPymY PmXcq]- [c
-tc Imthtim \mt[yX thym \ t{imX
hya\yXv InnXv {]W-hmZ\yw \ Xw ]tT
i_vZa]n _rl- - _vZm \ A[ym]tb al-
ZzmtNm hnm- ]\w Kncm-]m-Wy-Zn\m kw`m- jWw
\m\y-kvamXv hm hnti- tjW \ iq{Xkv{Xo- ]- Xn
tXmZIym kw`mjWw \ b tX tZh ]qPmt\m
- hZi\w Xobm{Xm hrnx
tcmKm\mb hyn k\ymkw ssIhcnXn\p
tijw acnnsn Abm hn[n{]-Imcw {Iakw\ymkw
kzoIcnp- XmWpNnXw. IpSo- N, _lqZI, lwk
Fo aqnhn`mKn s] k\ymknamv {_N
cyw, Kml- yw, hm\{]w Fo {Ian \mem
as B{iaw hn[nncnpp. ]calwk, Xpco-bm
XoX, Ah[qX, Cu aqp Iqv ISnkq{Xw, ZWvUw,
IaWvU-ep, hkv{Xw apXemb-hsbmpw Bhiy-an.
Ahv \cmbn Ncnv Fm PmXnbn s]hcpsSbpw
Krl- - fn\nv `n bmNnm kzmX{yapv. kymk
kzoIcW- n B- kwXr]vXnhsc A[yb\w XpScWw
]ns Iu]o\hpw IqSn kq{Xhpw Pen FdnbWw.
\s\n AwK- hkv{Xw ]mSn. A[yb\w {]hN\mZn
{i-hWw Ch ]mSpX. {]Whw am{Xw P]nmw. hrYm
em]w ]mSn. lkvXap{Zbn kw`mj- Whpw A\phZ\o
ba. cPkzebpambn kw`mj-W-acpXv. XomS\w tZh
]qP D- hZi\w Fnhbpw bXnv \njnamIpp.
19- 21. ]p\b- Xnhntijw IpSo-NIky GI{X
`nm _lq- ZIky Akw- IvWp]vXw am[pI- cw,
lwkky Ajv SKrtljp Ajv SIhfw ]c-alw
kky ]- KrtKjp Ic- ]m{Xw ^em- lmtcm
tKmapJw Xpco- bm-Xo- Xky Ah-[qXky AP-K-c-
hrnE kmh-h- tIjp bXn. \ GIcm{Xw
htkXv \ Ikym ]n \taXv. Xpco-bmXoXmh[pX
tbm \ tPyjv tTm tbm \ kz cq- ]x k
tPyjvtTm ]n I\njvtTm lkvXm`ymw \Zyp
cWw \ IpcymXv \ hr-amtcmtlXv \ bm\[n
cqtUm \ {Ib-hn{Ib-]tcm \ InnXv hn\nab
]tcm \ Zmw`ntIm \m\rXhmZo \ btXxInwNnXv
I IhyakvXn tNXv kmwIcyw Xkvam a\
\mZu k\ymkn \ma[nImcx
IpSoNI k\ymkn HcnSp \np am{Xta `nWw
kzoIcnmhq. _lpZpI A\nnX-fmb Krl-
fn\nv Blmcw IgnWw. lwk k\ymkn Fp hoSp
Ifn\npw Hmtcm Dcpftmdp am{Xw kzoIcnmhp
XmWv. ]calwk Ap {Kl-fn \npw Abm
fpsS ssIhiw ]m{Xsampw ]mSpX. ssIXs
]m{Xw. Xpco-bmXo-X InpsXmbmepw kzoIcnv
Xr]v Xnt\SWw. k\ymkn cm{Xnbn HcmfpsS hon Xma
kncpXv . Bscbpw \akvIcncpXv . Xpco- bmXo- X\nepw
Ah-[qX\nepw hen-sdp-an.
{]mb-n IqSnb-h\pw henbh Xs B-
m\anmh\mWv sNdnb-h. ]pg \onSpI
acn IbdpI, bm{Xbvv hml\ap]-tbmKnpI, {Ib
hn{IbwsNpI, Al-cnpI, AkXyw ]d- bpI Ch
sbmw k\ymknv tbmPnX. a\\n\pam{Xta
k\ymkn[nImcapq.
22. BXpc IpSo-NItbm`q-temtIm _lqZIky
kz-temtIm lwkky Xt]m- temIx ]c- alw-
kky kXy- temIx Xpco- bm- Xo- Xm- h- [q- Xtbmx
kzmt\yh ssIheyw kzcq]m\pkmt\\ {`a-
cIoS \ymb-ahXv. bwbw hm ]n kvac `mhw XyP
Xyt Itf_cw XwXtah kam]vt\mXn \m\yYm
{ipXn- imk\w.
BXpc k\ymknbpw IpSo-NIk\ymknbpw `qtem
Isbpw `qhtemIsbpw {]m]npXmWv. _lp
ZI\v kz- temIw, lwk\v Xt]mtemIw, ]cmlwk
kXytemIw, XpcobmXo-X\pw Ah[qX\pw kzw Bm
hn Xs ssIhey- {]m]v Xnv A[nImcnIfmIpp. {`a
cIoSns\mw kzcq]m\pkm\w sNp Ch kzcq
]- ss {]m]npXmWv . a\pjy acnptm
GtXXp `mhsbmtWm NnnpXv Ah AtX
cqX-ss {]m]np-p-shv {ipXn imk\ap-
mbnpv.
23. XtZhw mXzm kzcq- ]m\pkm\w hn\m
A\yYm BNc]tcm \`htZmNmchim
tmI {]m]vXnx m\ssh- cm- Ky- k-- - ky-kz-
kvanth apncnXn \ kh{X BNmc{]- kn.
XZm- Nm- cx Pm{KXv Imte hniz kz]v \ Imte
ssXPkx kpjp]vXnImte {]mx Ahmt`
ZmZht Cuizc t`Zx ImcytZZmXv ImcW-t`Zx
Xmkp NXpZi ImcWm\mw _mly-hrntbm
Ahr- bx tXjmw D]m- Zm\ ImcWw
hrbx NXzmcx at\m- _pn cl- m- c- nw
tNXn XZv hrn hym]mct`Z\ ]rYKmNmct`Zx
Cs\ [cnv kzcq]m\pkm\w Dt]- nv ap
hnj-b- n hym]-cncpXv. ]ehn[ BNmcm AX
I K
N P
521
\pk-cnv {]hnt- nhcpw. m\sshcmKy- [\
\mb k\ymknbpsS apn Xn XsbmWv. Xs
BNcW- n \nv hnpamdn aph kzoIcnmXncn
p- XmWv DNnXw. Pm{KXv kz]v \kpjp]vXn aqnepw
k\ymknv kmam\y- `mhambncnWw AXns\s
Pm{K-{Zhbn hnizw Fpw kz]v\mhbn ssXP
ksapw kpjp]v Xnbn {]m- sapw ]d-bpXv GI
tZiw HpXsbmWv. Imcyt`Zw XsbmWv ImcW- t`
Zw. ]Xnmep ImcW- -fp _mlyhpw B-co-Ihp
amb hrn-Iv ImcWw HpXsbmWv. a\v,
_pn, Al-mcw, Nnw Ch \mepw _mly-hrnI
fmIpp. Fm hrnIfpsSbpw kz`mhn\p tbmPn
BNcW-m Hmtcm t`Zw DmIpp.
25. t\{Xw PmK- cnXw hnZymXv IWvtTkz]v\w
kamh]n-i-Xv .
kpjp]vXw lrZbw Xp Xpcob
aq[v\n kwnXw
Pm{K-Zhbn hnizw t\{Xnepw kz]v\mh
bn ssXPkw IWvT-nepw kpjp-]vXm-h--bn
{]mw lrZbnepw Xpcobw apmhnepw nXnsN
pXmWv .
26. Xpcobw A-canXn mXzm PmKcntX kpjp
]vXyhm]\m Ch bZy- Xv{ipXw bZyXv ZrjvSw
XXv khw AhnmXanhtbm htkXv Xky
kz]v \mhmbma]n XmZrKh m `hXn. k Poh
p CXn hZ-n. kh {ipXyY {]Xn]mZ\
a]n Xssky- hapn cnXn. `npx \ sFlnImap
jvanImt]x bZy]n At]-mkvXn XZ\pcqt]m
`hXn kzcq]m\p km \ hyXncnm\y, imkvX
cm`ym sskcpjv {Sm Ipp- a`m-c-hXv hytm \
tbmK imkv {X- {]- hrn \ kmwJy imkv {Xm-
`ymtkm \ a{- X{ hym]mc; CXc imkv {X
{]hrnx btXckvXntNXv ihmemc hXv N
Imc hZXn hnZqcImNmc hnZym Zqtcm \ {]Wh
Io\]tcm bZyXv I ItcmXn XXv ^e
a- \p`- hXn GZ- c- Wv UssX- e- t^\ hZXx khw
]cnXy Py XXv {]kw at\mZWvUw Ic]m{Xw
ZnKw_cw ZrjvSzm ]cn{htPXv `npx _mtem-
]nimNh- cWw. PohnXw hm\ ImwtX Ime
tah {]XntX \nti`rXI-\ymtb\ ]cn{hm
UnXn.
Pm{KXv XpS-nb Ah-I {]Imin-n-p
Xpcob kzcq]- amb A-c{_w Xm XsbmsW- -
dnbp-h Pm{K-nepw kpjp]vXnbnse {]hrn Xs
sNpp. Abm tIXpw IXpw tImXpw
ImWmXpw t]mse IcpXpp. kz]v\mhbnepw
AtX cq]-n Xs C- s\bp-hs\ m\nI
Pohps\p IcpXpp. {ipXn-Isfmw Ahs
apnsb- n ]d- bpp. bYm k\ymknv sFlnI
hnj-b- - fn B{K- l-anmh\mWv . Abm ]mc{XnI
hnj- bfpw B{K-lnph\. kzkzcq]m\pkm\w
shSnv ap imkv{X. A`yknm Hcps-SpXv
H-I-ns ]pdv Ippa-ns NpaSv tIp-Xp
t]mse Xs. k\ymkn tbmK- ntem kmwJy-ntem
Hpw hym]- cntXn. a{X{mZnIfnepw Ah
GstSXn. ap imkv{X k\ymknsb kw_-
nnStmfw ihs B`cW-aWnbnp-Xpt]mse
bmWv. NImcs\tmse Zqscbncpv IhnZymNmc
-fn \nv hnap\mIWw. {]Whpw Dn Dcn
tXn. Xm sNbvX I BhW-s-bnse
\pct]mse \nmcambn IcptXXmWv. B-hnNn
\- am- IWw Ahs ]ca- eyw. ZnKw- _c k\ymkn
BZim\pcq]w {]hrnv _me, {`m, ]nimNv
Fnhsctmse PohnXtam acWtam B{K-lncpXv.
`rXy bP-am\s B- sb-sb-t]mse Abm
Cuiztcbn {i sNepn {]hntXmWv.
CXmbncnWw D-a\mb k\ymknbpsS NnmKXn.
27. XnXnm PvRm\ sshcmKy iamZn
KpW- hPnXx
`nm-amt{XW Poho-kymXv kb- XnbXn
hrnlm.
28. \ ZWvU[mctW\ \ apWvUt\\
\thtj W \ Zw`mNmtcW-apnx
29. m\ZWvtUm [rtXm tb\ GI ZWvUo
k DNytX.
ImjvTZWvtUm [rtXm tb\ khmio
m\hPnXx
30. kbmXn \cIm tLmcm almcu-ch
kwvRn-Xm
{]XnjvTm kpIco hnjvTm kam[o\ aljn `nx
XkvamtZ\mw ]cnXyPy IoShXv ]cytSXv bXnx
31. AbmNnXw bYmem`w t`mP\mmZ\w `thXv
]tcbm N ZnKzmkm kv\m\w IpcymXv ]tcbm
32. kz]vt\]n tbm ln bpx kymm
{KXohhnti- jXx
CuZrIvtNjvSx kvarXx t{ijvtTm hcnjvtTm
{_hmZn\mw.
33. Atemt` \ hnjmZo-kymXv emt`-ssNh
\lj- tbXv
{]mW bm{XnIam{Xx kymm{Xm kwKmZzn\nKXx
34. A`n]qPnX emw`mw PqKp]vtk\
ss\h-khix
I K
N P
522
A`n]qPnX emss`kvXpb-Xn `qtym]n
_[y- tX.
XnXn, m\w, sshcmKyw iaw Zaw apXemb
t{ijvT KpW-sf k\ymkn ssIsm--Ww. Ch
shSnv DZc]qcW- n\v `nmhrn \Sph
k\ymk hrnsb \in- n- p- p. tIhew intcm
apWv U\w sImtm ZWvU[mcnbmbXpsImtm tamw
e`nn. m\ ZWvU-ap-h\mWv ZWvUn. a\n
]e B{K-l-fpw \nd-ncns, m\lo\Xbn apf
hSn [cnv \mSyw \Snp- h tLmc\cIn\v A[n
Imcn-bmIpp. ]nbpsS aesat]mse shdpt
XmWv Ionsbv aljnam ]d- bpp. AXn\m
Hcp k\ymknbpsS Ihyw {]XnjvT Dt]- npI
sbXmWv. A`nam\clnX\mbn IoSstmse k-
cnWw. ZnKw_c k\ymkn HcmtfmSpw Hpw Bhiy-
s-ScpXv. Inp- Xn kwXr]vXns Imebm]\w sN
Ww. ap- hcpsS \nti- {]- Imcw Ipfnmw; hkv{Xhpw
[cn-mhp- XmWv . kz]v\nepw Pm{KZhbnse-
t]mse s]cpamdm IgnbWw. A-s\bp-h {_
m\nIfn D-ascv ]d- b-s- Spp. `n InmXn
cnptm ZpxJnpItbm Inptm ktm-jnp
Itbm sN- m ]mSn. PohnXw ]pem thnam{Xw
`n-tXSmhq. _lpam\w e`np- Xn DZmko-\\mI
Ww. am\m]am\ i_vZ- fn Bk-\mb k\ymkn
ap-\mbmepw _\n s]Spp.
35. {]mW-bm{Xm \nanw N hywKmtc
`p- ht\
Imte{]- ikvtX hm\mw `nmw
]cytSXv Krlm
36. ]mWn]m{X-c tbmKo \mkIrXv
ss`-amNtcXv
XnjvT ]pWvPymXv Nc `pRvPymXv
at[y\mNa\w XYm
37. A_v[nhXv [rX acymZm `hn hniZmibmx
\nbXnw \ hnapn almtm `mkvIcm bYm
38. Btky\ Xp bZmlmcw tKmh arK-btX ap\nx
XZm kaxkymXv kthjp tkmSar
XXzmb Iev]tX
39. A\nyw ssh{htPXv tKlw \nyw tKlw
Xph-tbXv
A\mhrtX hnti- Zzmcn tKtl ss\hm
-hrtX {htPXv
40. ]mwkp\m N {]Xn iq\ym Kmc {]Xn{ibx
hr-aqe \ntItXm hm Xykh {]nbm {]nbx
Da PmXnbns]-hcpsS hoSpIfn \np am{Xta
k\ymkn `n kzoIcnmhq. ASpnse Xo AW-
Xn\ptijw FmhcptSbpw Blmcw Ign- Xn\ptijw
`n- bmNnmw. PohnX hrnsb Dtinpam{Xta `n
tNmZnmhq. kzw ssIam{Xw `nm ]m{XamIp
k\ymkn hopw hopw `n tNmZncpXv. InpXv
\npsImtm \S-p-sImtm `nmhp- X-mWv.
ssIbnencnp Blmcw Xont shw IpSnm
hq. kap{Zstmse k\ymkn [rXacymZ\mtIXmWv.
bYm k\ymknI almi-b- mcpw BZnXys\tmse
\nnXam-n k-cnp-hcpamWv . kIe Pohn
Isfbpw kam\`mhn ImWWw. \nnXmcpsS Krl-
- fn \nv `n hm- cpXv. hmXn ASnncnp
hon `nbvv sNcpXv . BUw_- canm Ffnb
Krl- ntem hrphntem IgnpIqSmhpXmWv. \
sbpw Xn-sbpap t`Z_pn ssIhntSXmWv.
41. b{Xmkv XanXim-bo-kymncn-c\ntI- X\x
bYme_v t[m]-Pohn kymp\n Zmtm PntX{nbx
42. \njv{Iay h\ammb m\ btm Pntb-
{nbmx
ImeImwo Ncth {_`q-bma Iev]tX
43. A`bw kh`q-tXt`ym ZXzmNcXn tbm ap\nx
\ Xky kh `qtXt`ym `b-apZv]- ZytX IzNnXv
44. \nm- \- m- \- lw- Imtcm \n Zz n
kwibx
ss\h{IpyXn \ tZzjvSn \m\rXw `mj-tXKncm
45. ]pWymb-X\ Nmco N {`mXm\m ahn lnwk Ix
Imte {]m]vtX `thZv ss`w Iev]ytX {_
`q- btk
46. hm\{] Krl-m`ymw \ kwkr tPyX
IlnNnXv. AmXNcymw e]vtkyX \ ssN\w
lj BhntkXv
A[zmkqtcyW \nnjvSx IoShZv hnNtc low.
FhnsS kqcy AkvXanpp, AhnsS InSpd-
-Ww. kzambn KrlmZnI \nnpItbm An
kqnpItbm sNcpXv. Fp Inptm AXp `nv
kwXr]v XntbmsS C{nb \nb{nv IgnbWw. Krlw
hnv Imn IgntbXmWv. kwb- tX{nb\mbn Pv Rm\
]q- \mbn Imew {]Xonp Ignb- Ww. A- s\bp
k\ymkn {_`mhw {]m]npp. kIe PohnIpw
A`bw \In Pohnph\v Hcp Pohnbn \npw `b-
apmIn. {]XnjvTbpw Al-mchpw shSnp, Zzmzm
XoX\mbn kIe kwi-b- fpw hnv, t{Im[tZzjmZncln
X\mbn, AkXyw ]d- bmsX, D-aamn k-cn
v, InpXn kwXr]vX\mbn, Alnwk ]menp
k\ymkn {_temIn\v A[nImcnbmIpp. k\ym
knv hm\{]- t\mSpw Krlm{i- antbmSpw _w
I K
N P
523
]mSpX. Xs PohnXNcyI IgnhXpw cl-kyamn
shbvWw. ljmthi- Sans- ScpXv. kqcy\nn
jvSamb am- neqsS Hcp IoSsa hn[w k-cn
Ww.
47. Biop- m\n Im- Wn- ln- km- bp- m\n
bm\n N
temIkw{K- l- bpm\n ss\h Ipcy Imctb-Xv.
48. \mkXv imkvt{Xjp ktX t\m] PnthX
PohnImw.
AXn- hmZmw kvXytPXv Xm ]w IwN\
\m{i- tbXv
49. \injym\\p_- nX {Kmmss hm`y- tkXv
_lq.
\hym- Jym- ap]bpRv PoX \mcw- `m\m \mct`Xv
IznNnXv
50. Ahy enwtKm hymt ap\ncp-
_m- e-hXv
Ihnaq-IhZmm\w XZv ZrjvSym Zitb-rWmw
51. \Ipcym--htZXv InnXv \[ym-tbXv km[z
km[p hm
Bmcmtam \bm hrym hnNtc Uhp\nx
52. GI-tc- lo- taXmw \nx kwKx kwb-tXnb
B{IoUx BcXn cmhm kaZi\x
53. _pt[m _me IhXv {IotUXv Ipitem PU
htcXh tZZp-hZznZzm tKmNcyw ss\Ka-
tc- Xv .
54. n]vtXm ham\ntXm kZv`nx
{]ey_vt[m kqbntXm ]nhm
XmUnXxkncptm hm hrXym hm ]cnlm]nXx
hnjvTntXm aq{XntXm hmss _lpss[hw {]I
ev]nXx t{ib- kv Imax ItKX B-\mm\aptcXv.
56. kwam\\w ]mcw lm\nw, tbmKt IpcptX
bXx
Pt\\mhatXm tbmKo tbmK knnw N hnXn
57. bYm NtcXssh tbmKo kXmw [ a Zqj-
b P\mb-Ymhat\y- c Ktbp
58. PcmbpPmWvUPmZo\mw hmMva\x Imb-I`nx
bpx Ipho\ \t{Zmlw khkwKmw- h
tb-Xv.
Ima\, lnwk, {]m]nI hkvXp t\Sm\p
tamlw Chsb kw_-np I kw\ymkn
Dt]-nWw. ap-hscsmv sNnpIbpacpXv.
kXy-clnXamn a\v \bncpXv. {Ib-hn{Ib
hmWnPy hyhkmbmZnIfn GsScpXv. Bhiy- ne
[nIw kwkmcncpXv. injymsc Gsd kmZnpItbm
Gsd {K ]Tnnptbm AcpXv. Hcp {Kn\pw
hymJym\sagpXn kzaXw m]ncpXv . {]knnv sRcp
-cpXv . kzw B{i-a Hcp hntij Nnhpw
m]ncpXv. A\y-cpsS apn D-t\m _met\m
Am\ntbm t]mse s]cpamd- Ww. hnZzms\nepw au\
hrXw kzoIcnWw. ap-hcpsS CwKnXtmSp tNc
Ww. a\n \ Xn-Iv CSsmSpcpXv. Ign
hXpw GI\mbn k- cnWw. Bscbpw IqpImc\m
cpXv. thZ- s\nepw \nnImc\mIWw. ZpjvSm
\nanapmIp anYymhtcm]mZnIsf imNn\mbn
klnWw. Ah D]-{Zhnmepw tm`w ssIsm-
cp- Xv . Am- \n- I F{X- am{Xw A]- am- \nmepw
AsXms klnWw. ZpxJmhbn Btmmc
W-n\v bXv\nWw. ap- hcn \np Inp _lp
am\w Xt]m\pjv Tm\n\v hnLv \sav a\nemWw.
hn]coX I-fm k\ymk [n\v Ifw hcp
cpXv. Xm\pambn BfpI kw XpScm\m{K- ln
p hn[w {]hnmXn- cn-- Ww. hmv , a\v ,
Iw, icocw Chbm Hcp PohntbmSpw hntZzjw `mhn
cpXv. bmsXmcphn[ {]tem`\-fnepw s]ScpXv.
59. Imat{Im[u XYm Z tem`-lmZb tb
XmwkvXp tZmjm]-cnXyPy ]cn{hmUv
`b hPnXx
60. ss`mi\w N au\\nXzw Xt]m[ym\w
hnti-jXx
kay- Ivm\w N sshcmKyw [tm bw
`np-tI- aXx
61. Imjmb hmkx kXXw [ym\tbmK ]cmbWx
{Kmamt hr-aqte hm hmkthm etb ]nhm
62. ss`yW h-tb- nXyw ss\I, mio
`thXv Iz NnXv
Nn ipn `thZymhXv XmhnXyw
NtcXv kp[ox
63. XXx-{]- {hPy ipmm ktc Zy{X Ip{X
NnXv
_lnc kh{X kw]- iy ln P\m\w.
64. kh{X hnNc au\o hmbphZv hoX
Ijx ka
ZpxJkpI mtm lkvX {]m]vXw N `-tbXv
65. \nsshtcW kaw ]iy ZznPtKmiz arKm
Znjp `mhb a\km hnjvWp ]camm
\an-iz- cw.
I K
N P
524
66. Nn bw ]c- am- \w { _ss- hm- l- an Xn
kvacmssXzhw at\mZWvUw [rXzm Bim
\nhrtm _qXzm Bimw_- c[tcm `qXzm, kh
Zmat\m-hmmb Ia`nx khkw- km-c-ap-rPy
{]]- mhmMv apJx kzcq]m\pkmt\\ {`acIoS
h\ym- tb\ `h-Xo- Xyp]-\nj- v.
kw\ymkn Imat{Im[mZnI ssIhnv \n`b-\mI
Ww. `nmhrnsImp e`np Blmcw IgnWw.
X]-v, a\\mhew_- \w, m\mt\zj- Ww, hncn Ch
bn a\pd-bvWw. Ijmb- hkv{X[mcnbmbn {Kmam
c-fntem hr-aqe- fntem tZhmeb- fntem Xmakn
mhp-XmWv. kabw IqSpXepw [ym\n hn\ntbm
KnWw. `nm- m IgnpIqSWw. Hcp Krl
s Krl- n \npXs `Ww kzoIcncpXv.
B{i- am\pIqeamb-Ncy AxIcWns ipo- IcWw
Ch thWw. kIe]m] hnj- b--fn \npw ap\m
IWw. kpJ-ZpxJ- sf kaambn IcpXWw. amio-e
\mIWw. {_mW, ]ip, IpXnc, Pp Fmw
Xpey \nebn ImWWw. Xm {_w Xssb `mh
\bn Cuizcs\ khIman\nhnap\pw Znlw_c\pw
a\kmhmNmIWm, {]]- w kmclo-\sav KWn
p- h\pw {`a-c-Io- S\ymtb\ kzkz-cq]w Adnbp--
h\pamb k\ymkn apn {]m]npXmWv Fv D]-\n
jv A\pimknpp.
Bdmw Aymbw
1. AY \mcZx ]nXmal aphmN `K-h, XZ`ymk
himXv {`ac IoS- \ym- b- hXv XZ- `ymkx IY- anXn
Xaml ]n Xm- alx kXy hmKv m- \- sshcm
Kym`yw hninjvStZlmhinjvtSm htkXv.
]ns \mcZ {_mhnt\mSv tNmZnp. `K-h,
{`acw IoS\ymtb\ kz kzcq]w AdnXn\p tijw
tamw e`np kzcq]w Adnbm\p A`ymksa
mWv? {_mhp ]dp: k\ymkn kXyw ]d- b-Ww,
PvRm\sshcmKy--fm ico-cn A\mkn hln
Ww. hnImcap-amb ico-cn Ignb-Ww.
2. m\w icocw sshcmKyw Poh\w hnn imn
Zmn t\t{X at\mapJw _pnx Iem ]-hnw
iXn XXzm\yhb-hm, Ahm ]alm`qXm\m
Ia`n m\ sshcmKy imJm Pm{KXv kz]v\
kpjp]vXn Xpco-bm-XpZi IcWm\n. ]kvXw
`mImcmWnXn. Gha] \mhaXn ]w I-[mc
Ch bth KPw kz _pymhio IrXy kzhy-
Xncnw khw IrXIw \izcanXn aXzm hncx
]pcpjx khZm {_ml anXn hyhlmcmm\yXv
InwNnXv thZn- Xhyw kzhyXn tctIW Poh
aptm htkXv IrX-IrtXym `h- Xn. \ \mlw
{_tXn hyh- l- tcXv Inp {_m- l- kv ao- Xz-
P{kw Pm{KXv kz]v \ kpjp- ]v Xnjp Xpco- bm-
hmw {]m]y Xpco-bmXn XXzw {htPXv...
AhinjvS icocw m\amWv. AXns {]mW
sshcmKy-hpw. iaw, Zaw Ch t\{X-fnepamIpp. ip
amb a\v ; apJw; _pn; Ie; Ahb-h, Av
mt\{nb- , Ap It{nb- ]-{]mW
Ap hnj- b \mev AxIcW- Hcp {]Ir
Xn. Cs\ BsI Ccp]nbv AwK-. Pm{K- Xv,
kz]v\w, kpjp]v Xn, Xpcobw, XpcobmXoXw Fo Av
AhI Atl- ns ]- `qX- fmIpp. Iw,
`n, m\w, sshcmKyw, Fo \memWv imJ- I.
ta kqNnn ]Xnmep IcW Nfnbn \n
p _eanm XqWpI t]msebmWv. ka- \mb
\mhnI Nfnbn Dd \uIsb amn bYm Pe
am- nsenp-Xpt]mse kwkm-ckmK-cfn-p
n ]pX Poh\mIp \uIsb t{ijvT_pnbm
adpIcbvsntXpv. m\amb icocw e`n
km[I Xn\npw hyXncnamb Fm hkvXp
fpw Iev]nX-fmsWpw A\izc- fmsWpw a\
nemn XnXs {_`mhw shbvWw. Bm
hmsX asmpw Adnbm tbmKyasv a\nem
Ww. Xm {_n \npw `n-\msWv hnNmcn
cpXv. Rm {_mamWv F `mh\ Fpw thWw. Pm{K-
Xv, kz]v\w, kpjp]vXn, Xpcobw Fo AhI
XcWw sNbvXnp tbmKn XpcobXo- Xmhbnsep
XmWv.
3. Znhm Pm{K- w kz]v\ kpjp]vXa-cm{Xw
KX-an- tXy- Im- h- bmw NXt{km Ahmkv Xp
GssIIIcWm-[o- \m-\mw. NXpZi IcWm\mw
hym]mc NpTcmZo-\mw. Nqtjm cp]{KlWw
t{im{Xtbmx i_v Z{K-lWw Pnlzmbmx ckmkzm
Z\w {]mWky K- {K- lWw hNtkm hmKv
hym]mcx ]mtW-cmZm\w ]mZtbmx kwNmc ]mtbm
cpXv k D]- kym\{K- l- Ww. XzNx kv]i
{KlWw XZ[o\m N hnj-b-{Kla _pnx _py
_pyXn Nnt\ tNXbXn AlwImtc Wmlw
ItcmXn hnkrPy Poh GXm tZlm- `nam-t\\
Pothm `hXn. Krlm`namt\\ Krl Ch icotc
Pohx kwNcXn. hmKvZte ]pWymhrn cmtmw
\n{Zmekymu ZnWmbmw {Iucy- _pn ss\
EXw ]m]- _pnx ]nta {IoUmcXn hmbhymw
Kat\ _pn- cp- tcimn cokmt\ m\w
IWnImbmw sshcmKyw tIktcjp BNn
CtXyhw h{w, mXzm.
Pm{K-mIp Zn\hpw kz]v \amIp cm{Xnbpw
kpjp]vXnbmIp Acm{Xnbpw Cu aqp Ah
I K
N P
525
Ifpw Xpcob-\nepw Xpco-bmXo-X\nepw nXnsNpp.
a\v, _pn, Nnw, Al-mcw Fo \men\pw hi
nep t\{Xw XpSnb ]Xnmev IcW-fpv.
t\{Xw cq]s {Klnpp. sNhn i_v Zs; ssII
hkvXpsf FSppp; ImepI sImp \Spp;
KpZw aehnk\w sNpp. D]w B\w \Ip
p. Xzv kv]i- nepw _pn hnjb {KlWnepw
hym]rXamWv. ssNX\yw Nnn \npw Al
Al-mcn\npw DmIpp. Cu kh`mh-fp
sSbpw Dev]n aptJ\ tZlK-Xamb Bm`nam\m
Poh Xpcob ssNX\y- amIpp. A-s\bp Poh
Krlw XtsX [mcWbn Krl-\mbnocp- Xp
t]mse k- cnpp. tZlK-Xhpw AjvSZfIaem- I
hpamb lrZb-n hkn-p Poh Ia-ens
Ings Zfn {`aWw sNptm ]pWymIm\p
jvTm\n {]hnpp. AntImWnep Zfn
k- cns \n{Z {]amZw Fnhbn hym]-cnpp. Zn
W- nemIptm {Iqckz`mhw Iecpp. \nIrXnbn
]m]_pn; ]nan {IoUm\pcn; hmbptImWn
kmcw, Cuim\n m\w; IaemInbn {]th
inptm sshcmKyw; Iaens tIkcn {]th
in- p- tm B- Nn Dm- Ip- p. Bm- hn
ssNX\yw XsbmWv apJ- stmse apJyw, AXns
clkyw Adnbp m\nv XpcobmXo-Xhbn can
m km[np- XmWv.
4. PohZhw {]Yaw Pm{KXv ZzXobw kz]v\w
Xr Xobw kp jp ]v Xw NXp w Xp cobw
NXp`nhn-c- lnXw Xpco- bmboXw hniz-ssX-P-k-
{]m XS t`ssZ- tcI Gh GtIm tZhx-
kmn \nKpW-nXXv {_ml- anXn hymltc
Xv. t\mtNXv Pm{K-Zhmbmw. Pm{K- ZmZn NXt{km
hmx kz]v t\ kz]v \mZn NX- t{kmhm.
Xpcotb XncnbmZn NXt{kmh \ tXzhw Xpco-
bmXo Xky \nKpWky qe-kqva ImcW-
cqss] hniz tXPk {]mt-izssc; khmh
mkp kmn - tXzI Ghm- h- Xn - jv T- tX. DX
XStm {ZjvSmXStm \ {`jvSm-{Z-jvSy-Xzm
{ZjvssSh IrXz t`mrXzmlw ImcmZn `nx.
krjvtSm PohxPo- thXtcm \ kv]rjvSx Pothm]n
\ kv]pjvSm CXn tN Pohm`nat\\ t{X`n
a\x ico- cm`namt\\ PohXzw. PohXzw LSmImi-
almImihXv hyh[mt\kv Xn. hyh[m\himtZh
lwkx tkmlanXn at{m- m- cW Dm- k\nx
izmk hy]- tZti \m\p km\w ItcmXn. Ghw
hnmb ico- cm`n- am\w XytP\ kco- cm-`n-am\n
`hXn k Gh {_tXypNy- tX.
Pm{KXv kz]v\w kpjp]vXn Xpcob Fo \meh
Ipw D]-cnbmbn Poh Xpco-bmXoXw Fsmc
h IqSnbpv. hnizw ssXP kw{]mw XSw Fn
hbm Htc BmhpXs \mephn[nemIpp. AXn
\m Htc Hcp {_sapw khkmnsbpw kXzm
ZnKpW- smw AXo-Xs\pw AXns\ IcpXWw.
Asn Pm{K- ZmZn\me-hIpw Dn Hmtcm
nepw \mehI DmbncnpXpt]mse Xpco-
bmXoX\nepw \mehI ImW-patm. bYm-n
Xpco-bmXo X \o KpW- \mWv. AXn Ahmt`Zw
C. qekqva cq]-nep hnizhpw, ssXPkhpw,
{]m- hpw, {_- am- Wv . Fm Ah- bnepw Htc
kmn hknpp. XS\mb Cuizc {ZjvSmh
IXrXzt`mrXz Al-mcm-ZnItfmSpIq-Snb Poh\pw
{`jvSmhn. tlm`nam\w \nanw PohXzsa A`nam\w
D-Xn\m Poh\pw IrXzmZn kwkv]i-\n- Xo
X\. almImi- n\pw LSImin\p Xpeyambns
]cammhnt\mSv PohXz hyh[m\apv. CmcWm
emWv lwkkzcq]nbmb {]mW Dzk\nizmkcq]-n
tkmlw Fp P]npsImv kzkzcq]s At\zjn
pXv CXv {Klnm tZlm`nam\w hysav [cn
m IgnbpXmWv. {_-am-Iphm tZlm-`nam\w
ssIshSntbXmWv.
5. XykwtKmPoX t{Imt[m eLymlmtcm
PntX-{nbx
]n[mb _pym ZzmcmWn at\m[ymt\ \nthi- tbXv
6. iqt\yjzhmhImtijp Kplmkp Nh t\jp N
\nXy- bpwx kZmtbmKo [ym\w kay Kp]- {ItaXv
7. BXnYy {imb-t-jptZh bmt{Xm
thjp N
almPt\jp knymn \ KtXv
DtZymK- hnXv Iz NnXv.
8. bssY\ ah\yt P\mx ]cn`hn N
XYm bp-tctZymKo kXmw h \ Zpj-tbXv
9. hmKv ZWvUx I ZWvU at\m
ZWvU tX {Xb.
bsskytX \nbXm ZWvUmx kv{Xo ZWvUo N
almbXo
10. hn[qta N {]imu bkvXp am[p
Icow NtcXv
Krtl N hn{]- apJym\mw bXn
kthmax kvarXx
11. ZWvU`nmw N b IpcymXv kz[t
hyk\w hn\m
I K
N P
526
bkvXnjvTXn \ sshcmKyw bmXn
\oNb-Xn ln kx
12. bkvan Krtl hnti- tj-W-et`Zv `nmw
N hmk\mXv
X{X t\m bmXn tbm `qbx k bXn
t\Xcx kvarXx
13. bx kco-tc{nbmZntZym hnlo\w khkmn
Ww. ]mcamnI hnm\w kpJmm\w
kzbw {]`w
14. ]c-XXzw hnPm\mXn tkmXn hm {iao- `
thXv hm{i- amZtbm tZtl ambbm ]cnev]nXw
15. \mt\m t_m[cq]ky aa tX kn khZm
CXn tbm thZ thZmssx tkmXn
hm{iao `thXv
16. bky hm {iamNmtcm KfnXx kzm
Zi- \mXv
k h- \m{i- am khm AXoXy
kzm-\nnXx
17. tbm XoXy kzm{i- am hm\mt\yh
nXx ]pam
tkmXnhm{iao t{]mx
kth-Zm-th-Zn`nx
18. XkvamZ\y- {K- Xmhm B{iam A]n \mcZ
B\ymtcm]nXmx kth {`mym
tX\m-th-Zn\m
19. \ hn[n \ \ntj-[ \htym
hy Iev]\
{_hnm\n\makvXn XYm \m\y \mcZ
A\mk\mbn tIm]w Pbnv Aev ]- lmcnbmbn
k\ymk C{nbsf \nb-{nWw. C{nb Zzmc
Ahtcm[nv BhnNn\w sNpIbmW-bmfpsS I
hyw. tbmtK- izcm\pbmbn km[\nb Xs XXv]- c\m
bncnpw Ah. GImm\n h\ntem Kpl-
bntem Xmaknv [ym\n ebnWw. {imw, bw,
AXnYn, kXv mcw, tZhbm{X apXemb Hcp D-hnepw
Ah ]sSptXn. BfpIfn \n- Incnm
Bcpw kao-]nm Bcpw _lpam\nms\m
hn[n s]cpamdWw. hmmIp ZWvUw a\mIp
ZWvUw IamIp ZWvUw Cu aqp ZWvU- - sfbpw
\nb{nm Ignnph\mWv bYm {XnZWvUo
k\ymkn. hoSpIfnse ASpnse Xo sIXn\ptijw
`nmS\m `Ww tXSn Ignbp-h\mWv t{ijv T
\mb bXn. Fm a\n k\ymk-anmsX `nmhr
nbn Ignbph tami- s- - h\mWv. kzbw {]Im
i\pw hnm\kzcq]\pw kpJ-ab\pw khkmnbpw
tZtl- {nb clnX\pamb {_s kzcq]n ImWp
-h\mWv . hm{i-tamXv]n ambbn \nmWv . AXn
\m Ah\Xn\v AXo- X\mWv.
t_m[kzcq]-\mb Xm hm{i-amXoXs\p Icp
Xph\mWv bYm k\ymkn. hm{i- amNmc-
sfbpw bYm k\ymkn ssIsmmdn. {_m
\nIv hn[ntbm \ntj-Ztam bmsXmpw Xs _m[
Ia. Hcp hkvXphns\ kw_-npw XymPy{Kmly \nb
ahpw Ahn. kIe _-fn \npw hnap
cmWv bYm {_m\n.
20. hncPy kh`q-tX`y Bhncnn]- ZmZ]n
LrWmw hn]mZy khkvan ]p{Xan-{XmZntz]n
21. {imepapn amtjp thZm
m\ en]vkbm
D]mb- \Itcm `qXzm Kpcpw {_ hnZw {htPXv
22. tkhm`nx ]ncntXmssjy\w NncImew
kamlnXx
kZm thZm hmIymw irWpbmpkamlnXx
23. \natam \nclwImc. kh hnhPnXmx
kZm imymZnbpx k\v B\ym
m-\ao-tX
24. kwkm-ctZm-j-Zr-jvssSy- hhncn
PmbtX kZm
hnc-ky- XpkwkmcmXv kw\ymkw
kym-kw-ibx
25. apappx ]clwkmJymx kmmXv
tamssI km[\w
A`y-tkXv {_hnm\w thZm {ihWmZn\m
26. {_hnm\ em`mb ]calwk kamlzbx
imnZmymZn`nx ksshx km[ssx
klntXm `thXv
27. thZmm`ymk\ncXx imtm Zmtm
PotX{nb
\n`tbm \natam \ntXym \nZztzm
\njv]-cn{Klx
28. Po Iu]o-\hmkxkym
apWvUo-\tymYhm `thXv
{]mtm thZm hnZymKo \ntam
\nclw IrXnx
29. an{XmZnjvT, ktam ssa{Xx kakvtX
tjzh Ppjp
GtIm m\o {]immm k kcXn t\Xcx
I K
N P
527
{_{]m]vXn B{K-ln-p- h Hcn-epw Hcp
m\hpw B{K- lncpXv . hn[mXmhns ]Zhnbmbmepw
Bi AcpXv. ]p{X [\w XpSnb-hb A\mk
\mbn Abm tam-{]m]vXnp am- n Bk-
\mIWw. GsXnepw D]-lmchpambn Hcp kZvKpcp
hns ASpsn D]-\njvm\w kmZnWw. {i
tbmsS Kpcp ]d- bpXv tIWw. tamlw Al-mcw
Ch shSnv Kpcpip{iqj-bn X]c\mIWw. kIe
hn[ Bk-nbpw ssIshSnbWw. kaZbmZnbp\mbn
Dn Bmhns\ ImWWw. P-PcmacWmZnIfpsS
Zi\w sshcmKy-n\v ImcW- amWv. ]q-sshcmKyw
hnt k\ymkw kzoIcnmhq. apapphmb ]calw
k D]-\nj- pI {ihnv {_m\n\pXIpXv
A`y- knWw. aaXbpw `bhpw ]cnXy-PnWw. iaZam
ZnI ioenWw kmZnm B{Klw ]mSn. Xe
sam- b-Snv ]gb hkv{Xhpw Iu]o-\hpw [cnpItbm
ZnKw_-c\mbncnpItbm Bhmw. aaXzw Al- mcw Ch
ssIshSnb-Ww. i{Xphns\ an{Xsbpw Htc coXnbn
ImWm Ignb- Ww. As\ AxIcWw ipamp
tbmKn kwkmc kmKcw XcWw sNpp. Amh\v
Akm[y- a- .
30. KpcpWmw N lntXbp kvX{X
kwhcw htkXv
\nb-tajz-{]akvXp btajp N kZm `thXv
31. {]m]y-Nmt XXssh m\ tbmK-a-\p
aw Ahntcmt[\ [ky kwNtcXv
]rYzn- ho-anamw
32. XXxkwh- ckymt m\ tbmK- a\pa
B{ia{Xmb aprPy {]m]vX ]cam{iaw
33. A\p- m]y Kpcpw ssh Ntcn ]rYn
hoanamw XykwtKm PnXt{Imt[m eLzmlmtcm
PntX-{nbx
Pnmkphmbn Kpcp ip{iqjm \ncX\mbn Kpcp
hns\ kam{i- bnv Hcp kwhcw IgnbWw B{i-a\n
b-a ]menp- Xn AekXv AcpXv. {_Ncyw,
Alnwk Fnh \njvIj-tbmsS ]menWw. C-
s\bp km[\Ifm tbmKw Bnv [m\pIqe
ambn Ignb-Ww. Cs\ {_NcyZym{ia tkhnv
k\ymkn `qanbn k- cnWw. A\mk-\mbncn
Ww. t{Im[acpXv. eLphmbn am{Xw Blmcw IgnWw.
PntX{n\mbn hnWw.
34. Zzmhnau \ hnctPyX hn]- co-tX\ IaWm \ncm
cwt`m Krl Imcyhmw ssh `npIx
35. amZyXn {]aZmw ZrjvSzm kpcmw ]oXzm N amZyXn
XkvamZv ZrjvShpjmw \mcow ZpcnXx ]cnhPtbXv
36. kw`mjWw kl kv{Xn_ncmem]; t{]Ww
XYm, \rw Km\w klmkw N
]cnhmZmw htb- Xv.
37. \ kv\m\w \ P]x ]qPm \ tlmtam
ss\h-km[\w
\mn ImcymZn Imcyw N ss\ Xkypkv Xo l \mcZ
38. \mN\w ]nXrImcyw N Xobm{Xm
{hXm\n N
[am [amZnIw \mkvXn \ hn[n euInIo {Inbm
39. kwXy- tPXv khImWn temImNmcw N
khix
IranIo- S]XwKmw XYm tbmKo h\kv]-Xo.
40. \ \mitbXv _pt[m Pohm ]cam
aXn-cyXn
\nXy- apJx kzx {]immm kz]q-[o.
41. Ax kwK- ]- cnXymKo temtI hnlc \mcZ
\ cmPtI P\]tZ NctXyI Ntcm ap\nx
42. \nx kvXpXn \n\akvImtcm \nx
kzm[mImcm Gh N
NemNe \ntIX bXnbmZrntIm `thXv
CXyp]-\n-jXv
I-_- -\mb k\ymknbpw I-hnap\mb
Krl- \pw X- fpsS B{i- a- - \p- Iq- e- ambn
{]hnptm am{Xta tim`npIbpq. aZyw IpSn
mte aZapmIq. Fm bphXnbmb kv{Xosb Im
Xs aZmhbpmIpw. AXn\m A-s\bp
kv {Xosb k\ymkn ImWpIbcpXv. kv {XoIfpsamv
kwkmcnp- I, \rw, Km\w, ]c- \n Fn- hbn
\npw k\ymkn hnp\ntXmWv . k\ymknv
kv\m\w, P]-]qP, tlmaw, tZhm\, {imw, X- Ww,
{hXw, Xo-bm{X Fnhsbmpw k\ymknmhiyan
. [m[tfm temImNmc]cn]me\tam th.
km[mcW I-sfmw ssIshSnb-Ww. ]cmamn
IImcy- fnte _pn hn\ntbmKnmhq. Hcp Pohntbbpw
lnwkncpXv. ipn tXSWw. im-\mbn _pnsb
Bm\n ebnnWw. AcmPI {]tZip k-
cncpXv. {im X- W- -fn \nv HgnhmIWw. Hcm
sfbpw kvXpXncpXv; \akv IcntXn \nP\m
\tm ]hX KplIfntem XmaknWw. CjvSm\pk-
cWw k-cnmw Fv D]- \nj-v ]d- bpp.
Ggmw D]tZiw
1. AY btX\nb-axIYanXn ]rjvSw \mcZw ]nXm
alx ]pckvIrXy hncx ktbm hjmkp{[ph
iotem AjvSu amkn GImIo Ncss I{X \nh
I K
N P
528
tkXv `np `bmXv kmcwK- hXv GI{X \XnjpXv
kzK-a\-\ntcm[ {KlWw \ IpcymXv \ hrm
tcml- W-a]n \ tZthm-h Zi\w IpcymXv \
GIm{Xio \ _mly- tZhmN\w IpcymXv. kzhy-
Xncnw khw Xyzm a[pIchrXym Blmc
aml- K- c Irtim `qXzm tatZm hrnw AIph
\ BPyw cp[ncanh XytPXv. GI{X Aw ]ey-
eanh Kte]\w Aipn te]-\anh A`ywKw
kv{XokwK- an-hh an{XmmZIw aq{Xanh kv]rlmw
tKmamw kanh mXNctZiw NWvUmfhmSnIm
anh kv {Xobw Alnanh kphw Imf-Iq-S-anh
k`mew iv aim\--e-anh cmP[m\ow Ipw`n
]mIanh ih]nWvUhXv GI{Xmw \ tZlm
c- Zi\w {]]- - hrnw ]cn- XyPy kztZ- i- ap-
r Py mX- ]- c- tZiw hn lmb hn k- ar X
]Zmw ]p\x{]m]vX lj Ch kzam\a\p
kv ac kzicocm`n- am\ tZihnkvacWw aXzm kzi-
cocw ihanh tlb-ap]- K- ay- ImcmKrl- hn-\nap
tNmc- hXv ]p{Xm- ]v X- _- p- `- h- ew hnlmb
ZqctXm htkXv.
]noSv \mcZ {_mhnt\mSv tNmZnp: `K-h,
k\ymknbpsS \nb-a FsmsbmsWv a\n
emncpI, Atm {_mhp ]dp: "sshcmKyw
t\Snb k\ymkn Htc m\v hj-Imense \mep
amk am{Xta hknmhq. _mn Fpamkfpw
k-cnp sImncnWw. HtcSv Gsd t\cw X-cp
Xv . As\ sNbvXm [{`jvSm\mIm\nSbpv. Bsc
nepw A-s\sbmcp B{Klw {]ISnnmepw AXn\v
hg- cpXv. \oZn \onIScpXv. hr- n IbdpItbm
tZmthm-h-fntem ap tafIfntem ]psImpIbpw
AcpXv. Bmhns\b-msX ap tZhmsc D]mkn
cpXv. Htc hon \np Xs `Ww kzoIcncpXv.
N\mZn kpK- - {Zhy XyPnWw. mchpw kv ]i-
\tbmKy-asv IcpXWw. Iu]o- \mZnIsfb-msX ap
hkv{Xsf Fn ]m{Xw t]mse IcpXWw. F
tXp Ipfn ]mSn. kv t\lnXmcpsS kl-hmkw Hgn
hmWw. B{K- l- DmIm\nS sImSpcpXv. k`m
kanXnI ivaim\Xpeyw IcpXpI. kv {Xosb kw
t]mse `b- csav IcpXpI. kzs ImfIqShnjw
t]msebpw cmP[m\nsb IpZo]mI\cIwt]msebpw GIm
s arXI]nWvUw t]msebpw IcpXWw. tZls
B- `n- ambn NnncpXv; kztZiw ssIhnSWw. ]cn
NnXm\-fn Gsd X-cpXv. kzw IpSpw_mwK-
fpw ]cnNnXcpw hknpnSw hnv Zqsc t]mI. Xs
ico-cs ihw t]mse IcpXpIbpw AXn A\mk
\mIbpw thWw. k\ymkn `mcy ]p{XmZnIsf Dt]-
nv Ahsc ImWm\nSsImSpmsX AIse Igntb
XmWv.
2. Ab-tX\ {]m]v Xaml-c {_{]- W-hm\pk
m\ ]tcm `qXzm kh- I- \napx Ima-
t{Im[ tem`-tamaZam- cymZnIw ZKv t[zm {XnKp
WmXoX; jVqnclnXx jUv`mhhnImc iq\yx
kXy- hmIv ipNnct{Zmlo {Kma GI-cm{Xw ]
t\]cm{Xw tt{X ]cm{Xw; Xot ]
cm{Xw A\ntIXx ncaXnx \ A\rXhmZo Kncn
Itcjp htkXv GIGhZzu hmN-tcXv {Kmaw
{Xn`n \Kcw NXp`n {Kma antXyI-tcXv `np.
NXpZi-IcWm\mw \ X{XmhImiw ZZym Zhnn
m\mXv sshcmKy ka\p`qb atm \
InXv \m\y hyXncn CXn B\n BtemNy
khXx kz cq- ]- tah ]iy Poh apn x
Ahm]y {]mc_v[ {]Xn `mk\mi ]cyw NXp
hn[w kzcq]w mXzm tZl- ]- X\ ]cyw kcq
]m\pkmt\\ htkXv.
hXpw Bhiy-sSmsX Innbm AXp hmnv
kpjvS\mIWw. Isamw ssIhnv {_{]- Wh
[ym\pkm\ ]c\mIpI. Imat{Im[mZnI \ntjw
shSnv hnipw Zmlhpw aqew hymIpeX IecmsX,
Pw hrn, Pc Fo hI-bn hymIp- e-s- Sm-sX,
\nsshc\mbn icochpw a\pw ipamn shbvWw.
{Kman Hcp cm{Xn, \Kcnepw ]pWy- t- {Xnepw
Xo-m\-fnepw Apcm{Xn AXn IqSpX
XmakncpXv. kzambn hoSpmcpXv. anYym`mjW-
acpXv . _pnsb kZznNmc- fn \bnv GI\mbn k-
cnpI. Xmaknpsn AXv ]hXKpl-bnemIaw.
amcpsamv Xmakw ]mSn. aqp hynIfpsS kl-
hmkw {KmaXpeyhpw \mept]cmbm \K- cXpeyhpamWv .
C{nb- v hnj- b- Nnnm CSsImSpcpXv.
Bscbpw `n- cmbn ImWcpXv. As\ k\ymkn kzkz
cq]w am{Xw Nnnv Pohap\mbn Ignb-Ww. acWw
hsc kzcq]- [ym\\ncX\mIWw. B-t_m[w kmZn
pIsb- -XmWv k\ymknbpsS {][m\ IrXyw.
3. {Xnj- hWm-kv \m\w IpSo- NIky _lq-Z-Iky
Zzohmcw lwktky- Ihmcw ]calwkky am\k
kv\m\w Xpco- bmXo- Xky `kvakv\m\a-h[qXky
hmb- hy- kv \m\w Du[z- ]pWv {Uw IpSo- N- Iky
{Xn ]pWv {Uw _lq- Z- Iky Duz ]pWv {Uw
{Xn]pWv{Uw lwkky `kv tam- q-e\w ]c- alw-
kky Xpco-bmXo- XkyXneI]pWv{U ahqXky \
InwNnXv Xpco-bmXo-Xmh[qXtbm. EXpucw IpSo-
NIky EXpZzb- ucw _llqZ Iky \ ucw
AkvXntNZb\ ucw. IpSo-NIky Immam[p
Icw _lqZIky lwk]calw ktbmxIc]m{Xw
Xpco- bm-Xo- Xky tKmapJw Ah- [q- Xkym PmK-c-
hrn imSo-Zzbw IpSo-NI ky_lq-ZIssky-I
imSo lwkky- JWvUw ZnKw_cw ]calwkky
I K
N P
529
GIIu-]o\w hm Xpcobm XoXm h[qXtbmPm
Xcq-]-[cXzw lwk]-calw ktbm-cPn\w \ Xp
At\ym-jmw.
aqp ky-Ifnepw IpSo-NI k\ymkn kv \m\w
sN-Ww. _lqZI\v cpXhW. lwk\v HcpXhW;
]calwk\v am\knI kv \m\w hn[nncnpp; Xpco-
bmXo-X\v `kvate]\w aXn. Ah[qX hmbpkv]i-
m Xs kv\m\n\pw Xpeyw ip\mIpp. IpSn
NI s\nbn Du[z ]pWv{Uhpw _lqZI {Xn]p
Wv {Uhpw [cnWw. lwk\v CXntesXnepsammImw.
]calwk\v tIhew `kvate]\w aXn. Xpco-bmXo-X\v
XneI]pWv{Uw. Ah[qX\v Hcp Nnhpw th... IpSo-
NI cpamknsemcnepw _lq- ZI \mepamk
nsemcnepw ucw sNmw, lwk\pw ]calwk\pw
Bdp-amknsemcn.
Ah[qX\pw Xpco-bmXo-X\pw ucw Bhiy-an.
IpSo- NI HtcSp \nv Blmcw kzoIcnmw. _lq
ZI am[pIco-hrn sImsm-Ww. lwk\pw ]ca
lwk\pw ssIIfn `n kzoIcnpI. XpcnbmXo- X
tKmapJ-hrnbpw Ah-[qX APK- chrnbp-amWv.
`W Imcyn ssIsmt- Xv IpSo- NI cp
hkv{Xhpw _lqZI Hcp hkv{Xhpw lwk cp
XpWnpw ]calwk Hcp Iu]o\hpw [cnWw. Xpco
bmXo-X\pw Ah[qX\pw hkv{Xw [cnt Bhiyw
Xsbn.
7. IpSo-NI_lqZItbm tZhm\w lwk ]ca
lwktbmam\km\w Xpco-bmXo- Xmh[qXtbmx
tkmlw`mh\m IpSo-NI _lqZpItbm a{-P
]m[o- Imtcm lwk ]calwk tbm[ym\m[nImcx
Xpco-bmXo- Xmh [qXtbm \h \ym[n Imc Cb-Xo-
XmhZh[qXtbm alm hm Iym[nImcx ]calw
k- kym]n IpSo- NI _lp- ZI lwkm- \mw- \m-
\ytkym ]tZim[n- Imcx IpSo- NI _lq- X- I-
tbmam\p-j- {]-Whx lwk- ]-calw- ktbmcm-c
{]W-hIpSo-NI _lq`Itbmx {ihWw. lwk ]c
alwk tbma\\w Xpco-bmXoXw h[qXtbm\n
Zn[ymkx kthjmamm\pkm\w hn[ncntXyh
apappx kmhZmkwkmcXmcIw XmcIa\pkvac
Pohptm htkXv. A[nImchnti-jW ssIh
ey- {]m]v Xyp]mb- a\zntjy-ZyXnx CXyp]-\nj-Xv.
IpSo-NI\pw, _lq-ZI\pw tZhm\ sN-Ww.
lwk\pw, ]calwk\pw am\ko- Im\bvmWm[nIm
cw. Xpco-bmXo- X\pw Ah[qX\pw tkmlw AXv Rm\m
Ipp F `mh\ aXn. IpSoNI\pw _lqZI\pw a{w
P]nm\pw lwk\pw ]calwk\pw [ym\n\pw Xpco-
bmXo-X\pw Ah[qX\pw almhmtIym]-tZi-n\pw A[n
Imcapv. IpSoNI\pw _lpZI\pw km[mcW {]W-hhpw
lwk]-calwkmv BcnI {]W-hhpw XpcobmXo-
Xmh[qXmv {_{]-W- h\amWv hn[nnp- Xv . IpSo
NI _lpZImv {ihWhpw lwk]-calwkmv
a\-\hpw Xpcnbm-Xo-Xmh[qXmIv I \n[n\ymbhpw
BWv hn[n. FmhcpsSbpw eyw Bm\pkm\
ambncnWw. Fmhcpw tam- {]m]v Xnmbn {]bXv \nv
sImncnp-Ibpw {]m]- nI hnj-b- -fn \npw
tamN\w t\Sn Pohpmhbpw ssIheymhbpw
{]m]nphm {ianpIbpw Bhiy-amWv.
Fmw D]tZiw
AY ssl\w `K-hw ]ctajvTn\w \mcZx
]{] kwkmc XmcIw {]]tm {_qln Xn
XtYXn ]ctajvTo hpw D]- N{Ita, Hmw CXn
{_ CXnhyjvSn kajvSn {]mtIW Im hrjvSn.
Im kajv Snx kwlm- c- {]- Wh; krjv Sn - {]- Wh
m _lnt-ZbmIXzmXv Xznhnt[m {_
{]-Whx Ax {]Wthm hymh-lmcnI {]Whx
_mly- {]- Whx Bj-{]- Whx DZbmtIm hncmSv
{]Whx kwlm-c- {]-Wthm {_-{]- Whx A[-
am{Xw {]Whx
]ns \mc-Z `K- hm {_mhnt\mSv XpSv
tNmZnp: ""`K- hms\, GXp a{amWv kwkmcXmcIam
bnpXv. AXv F\np ]dp Xmepw.'' {_mhv
]dp: ""Hmw'' F XmcI-a-{-n\p Xs-bmWv
AXn\v in- bp- Xv . AXns\ hrjv Sn- cq- ]- nepw
kajvSn cq]-nepw NnnWw. \mcZ hrjvSnsb--
nbpw kajvSnsb- - nbpw Adnbm B{Klw {]ISnn
tm {_mhv ]dp: ""\mcZ, hrjvSnbpw kajv Snbpw
{_{]- W- hns AwK- Xs GIamb {_{]-
W- hns AwK- Xs GIamb _{]- {]- W- h
n\p kwlm-c-{]-Whw krjv Sn{]-Whw D`-bm-Iw
{]Whw Fv aqp t`Zapv. D`bmI {]W-hw, _mly
{]-W-hsapw. BcnI {]W- hsapw cp hn[amWv.
AXn\m AXns\ D`-bmI {]W- b-sav ]d- bpp.
{_- {]-W- hn\v hymh- lm- cnI {]Whw Fsmcp
t`ZhpwIqSnbpv. hrjvSn{]-Whs _mly{]Whsapw
]d- bpp. Bj-{]Whw Fpw ]dbmv. D`-bmI
{]W- hs hncmSv {]W- hsapw ]d- bpp. AImcmZn
\mep am{XItfmSp IqSnbXpw qem`nt`Xbp-hpamb
{]W- hs Aam{Xm {]W- hsapw ]d- bsSpp.
2. HmanXn {_. Hman- tXy- Im- cax {]Whw
hnn. k Nmjv S[m `nZy-tX. AIm- tcm- Im- ca- Im-
cmam{Xm \mZ _np Iemin tXn X{X
NXzmc AImc-bpXmh hb- hm\znXx DImcx kl-
{ km- h- b- hm- \z n tXm aImcx iXm- h- bthm
t]tXmam{X {]W- thm\mh- b- hm- Imcx
kKptWm hncmSv {]Whx kwlmtcm \nKpW
I K
N P
530
{]Whx DZ- bm- - tIm- Xv ]n {]Wthm bYm-
ptXm hncmSv pXx ]v fpX kwlmtcm hncmSv
{]Whx tjmUkam{XmIXzw IYanXypNyptX.
AImcx {]Y- tam- Im- tcm- Zzn- Xo- bm- a- Im- c- kv Xr- Xo-
bmam{Xm NXpo \mZx ]ao _npx jjvTo
Iem k]vXao IemXoX jvSao imn \h hoim
y- XoXm Ziao D-t\yImZio at\m\o ZzmZio
]pco {Xtbm- Zio a[yam NXp Zio ]iyo
]Zio ]tcmtjmUio ]p\Xpx jjvSnam{Xm
{]IrXn ]pcpj ssZzhn[y amkmZrjvSm iXyp
ct`Zam{Xm kzcq]- amkmZy kKpW \nKpW-Xzap
t]Xy GtIm]n {_ {]Whx
"Hmw' {_amWv. AXv GIm-ca{amWv. AXp
Xs Aw {]Whw AXv AImcw DImcw aImcw A
am{X, \mZw, _np, Ie, in Fv Fmbn hn`Pn
s- ncnpp. \mepam{XtbmSpIqSn ]cnenXamIp
{]W-hns Hmtcm am{Xbvpw At\Iw t`Z-fpv.
AImcam{Xp Xs ]Xn\mbncw Ahbhapv. DImc
n\v Bbncw; aImcn\v \qdv; A-am{Xm{]- W- hhpw
A\hpamb Ahbhw tN- XmWv hncmSv {]W- hw.
kKpWhpw kwlmc{]- Whw \nKpWhpamWv. krjvSn
{]Whw kKpW- \nKpW- -fp-ambn _nncn-pp.
hncmSv {]Whw AImcmZn\mep am{XIfpsS kajvSntbmSp
IqSnbXmWv. kwlmc{]-Whpw NXpn am{Xm- Iamb
Aam{Xmcq]w tN-XmWv . hncmSv {]Whw ]Xn\mdp
am{XI ASnb-XmWv. AXns\ ap- nbmdp XXz
pw D]- cnbmbn KWns- Spp. AImcw AXns
{]Yaam{XbmWv DImcw, aImcw, Aam{X, _np, \mZw,
Ie, IemXo-X, imn, imy- Xo-X, D-\n, at\m-\n,
]qcn, a[y-a, ]yn ]cm Fp bYm{Iaw cmat
Xn ]Xn\mdp am{XIfmWpXv . ]Xnmdp IeItfmSp
IqSnb Cu {_{]- Whw XsbmWv mXhpw A\p
mXhpw A\p- bpw. AhnIev]-cq]amb Xpco-b-
n\npw `n-amXn\m AXv Adp]n \mev
am{XItfmSp IqSnb-XmbnXo-cpp. {]IrXn ]pcpj cq]-
n cp hn`mK- -fpv. As\ \qn Ccp]n
sbp am{XIfm ASnbXmWv. Cs\ Htc Hcp {_w
Xs {]W-hns kKpW \nKpW cq]w [cnv ZrjvSn
t`Zm At\Icq]w {]m]npp.
4. khm[mcx ]cwtPymXntcj ktiztcm hn`px
kh tZhabx khx {]]m [mcK`nXx
5. khm-cabx Imex khmK- aabx inhx
kh{ipXyptam arKymx kItem]- \nj-bx
6. `qXw `hyw `hnjy- ZyXv {XnImtemZnX ahybw
XZt]ymwImc tahmbw hnntam-{]- ZmbIw
7. Xta-hmm\an-tXyXZv {_ i_vtZ \ hnX
XtZIaar-XaP-ca\p`qb XtYmanXn
8. k icocw kamtcm]yX- bXzw XtYmanXn
{Xn icocw Xamm\w ]cw{_ hn\n\p.
{]Wh cq]-amb Cu ]cmmhv khhym]nbmWv.
AXv ]catPymXn kzcq]hpw khn\pw B{i-b-hpam
Wv. tZhmscmw AXns cq]w Xs. kq {]]-
m[mchpw khmc kzcq]hpw CXpXsbmIpp.
IeymW-abhpw khimkv{XabhpamWnXv . {ipXnIfnepw
X- cq- ]-nepw Ctlss-bmWv tXtS- Xv .
h- am- \, `qX, `hn- jyXv Ime- - fpsS kmchpw
CXpXsbmWv . tamw \Im t]mXv Cu {]W-h
sav a\nempI. {_s Bmhn GIo-`hn
nv {]W- hss GIhpw PcmclnXhpw AarX
cq]hpw Nn-b-XXzpw Fv Adnb-Ww. hnizs Hmw
Fv IcpXn Xs Bmhns\ {_sap IcpXn ]c
ammhn ZrV-ambn XmZmyw {]m]nv Amhns cq]-
nep {_sn kZm NnnptXmWv.
9. ]cw {_m\pkwZ[ymXv hnizmZo\mw
{Iax{IamXv
qe-XzmXv qe-`pzm kqvaXzmXv
kqva`pIv ]cw
10. sFIyXzm\ t`mKm tkmb-amm
NXp hn[x
NXpjv]mXv PmK- cnXx qex qe {]tm
ln hniz `pIv
11. GtIm\ hnwiXn apJw kmjvSmwKx
khKx {]`px
qe-`pv NXpcmmY hntizm sshizm\cx
]pam
12. hnizPnXv {]Yax ]mZx kz]v\ m\K- Xm, {]`px
kqva{]x kztXmjvSmwKx GtIm\m\yx
]cwX]x
13. kqva `pv NXpcmmY ssXPtkm
`qXcm-Ubw
lncWy K`x qtemS ZzoXob ]mZ DNytX
14. Imaw Imb-atX bmhZy{X kp]vtXm \ I\
kz]v\w ]iyXn ss\ham{X XXv
kpjp]vXa]n pSw
15. GIo `qXx kpjp]vX x {]m\ L\-
hm kpJo \nXym\atbm ]ymm kh
PohmnXx
16. XYm]ym\_pIvtNtXm apJx khK-tXmhyb
NXpcmtizcm {]m kvXrXnbmx
]mZ- kw-nXx
qensbpw kqvansbpw t`mmhmbXp
sImpw B\tm]- t`mmhb- XpsImpw Bmhn\v
I K
N P
531
\mev hn`mK- fmWpXv . Cu t`Z ImcWw Bmhv
NXpjv]mv AXmbXv \mepImepItfmSp IqSnbsXv
Adnb-sSpp. Pm{K- Zhbpw PKpw BcpsS tZl
amtWm, BcpsS m\amtWm Cu {]]-- n hym]n
ncnpXv Bcv kakv Xhniznsbpw t`mmhmWv ,
BcpsS apJ-amWv Ap It{nb- DssS
]sm]Xv ImcW--fmbncnpXv `qtemIw, `qhtem
Iw, kztemIw, altemIw, P\temIw, Xt]mtemIw,
kXy-temIw, ]mXmfw Fo Fp temIfpw BcpsS
AwK-amtWm BcpsS A`nhynbmtWm qekqva
ImcWhpw kmnbpambncnp- Xv , khhym]nbpw hniz
cq]hpamb B sshizm\c XsbmIpp. {_ns
{]Y- a- ]m- Zw. kz]v \hpw hniz- hym- ]v X- amb {_hpw
kqva{]--amWv. AXns hnm\w B-cnI PK-
n hym]- cnpXmWv. AXn\v \mep XncnhpIfpv.
{]Imim[n]- XnbmIbm AXns\ ssXPksap ]d-
bsSpp. AXv kh`qXm[n]- Xnbpw lncWy-K`hpam
Wv. AXns\s ]cammhns ZzXob ]mZsav ]d-
bsSpp. kpjp]vXnbn a\pjy kz]v\w ImWmdn
. Nnbpw Atmgn. B Ahbpw AXn IqSn
D]-enXamIp hnizns {]fb-cq]hpw BcpsS
m\amtWm Bcv A-cymanbmbn nXn sNp
kzkzcq]-ns B\a\p`hnp, Bcv Ahn\minbw
{]Im- in- X- am- Ip apJ- tmSp IqSn- b- h- \p- am- Ipp
mXmhv A\pmXmhv A\p AhnIev]w Fo
\mep cq]--fn bmsXmv A`n-hy--amIpp. B
{]m XsbmWv ]cammhns XrXob ]mZsav
Adnbp- I.
17. Gj kthizcssj khx
kqva-`m-th\
Gtjmcymtayj tbm\nx khky
{]`hm]y bu
18. `qXm\mw {Xb-at]yXXv kthm]ca_m[Iw
XXv kpjp]vXw ln bXv kz]v\w ambm am{Xw
{]IonXw
19. NXp- Xpcmm]n kntZIctkm ]ybw
Xpco-bm-hknXXzm GssIIXzm\p kmcXx
20. mXm\p m{X\pmXr hnIev]
m\ km[\w
hnIev]-{Xb-a{Xm]n kpjp]vXw kz]v\amcw
21. ambmam{Xw hnZnssXzhw kntZI ctkmlybw
hn`tm lyb-amtZtim \ qe {]-a\zlw
22. \ kqva a {]-aXyw \ {]w
\ IzNnpt\
ss\hm{]w t\m`bXx {]w \
{]- amcw.
23. \m {]PvRa]n {]mL\w Nm ZrjvStah
N XZeW a{Kmlyw bZv hyhlmcyw Ahy]
tZiyw GIm {]Xykmcw {]]- tm]iaw inhw
imw AssZzXw NXpw a\yt k {_{]-
Whx khn- ttbm \m]- c- kv Xp- cnbx kh{X
`m\p- hXv apap- p- Wm- am- [mcx kzbw tPymXn
{_mImcx khZw hncmPtX ]c{_- XzmZv C
Xyp-]-\n-j- Xv .
Cs\ ]cammhp XsbmWv kIeXn\pw \mY
\mbnp- Xv . CXpXs Nnyhpw, kqvacq]hpw, PKXv
ImcW-`qXhpw, PohnIfpsS krjv SnnXneb m\hpw.
aqv AhItfmSpIqSnb Cu hnizw kpjp]vXn cq]-
nemWv. CXv kz]v\ kam\hpamWv. apv a\nem
nb aqp ]mZp ]pdsa \memasXmcp ]mZw IqSn
bpv. AXv mXw, A\pmXmhv , A\pPv RX, Ahn
Iev]w Fo \mep cq]- tmSpIqSnb- XmIpp. CXns
\mep ]mZfpw Xpcobw XsbmWv. Hmtcm cq]hpw Xpco
bn hnebw {]m]npp. Xpcob ]mZn mXw
A\pmXmhv A\p Fo aqp cq]-fpw hnI
ev]-m\mIamIpp. Chsbmw kz]v\ Xpeytam
ambtbm BIpp. Cu hnIev]smaXoXamb ]c
ammhp XsbmWv GIammb knZm\cq]w. qe
kqva- fpsS mXmhmXpw cns\-nbpw Adn
bmXpw {]m\cq]-amXpw IpIv tKmNc
amXpw Hcp \nhN\nepw HXpmXpw [ym\
K-ayamXpw {]]-mXo-Xhpw AZznXobhpw ]caIeym
W- abhpamb B XXzw XsbmWv {_ns \mem
as ]mZw. AXns\ m\nI {_{]- Whw Fp
IcpXpp. AXv {_w Xs kzbw {]Imi\pw BImi
kzcq]- \pamIpp.
HXmw D] tZiw
1. AY {_kzcq]w IYanXn \mcZx ]{]x Xw
tlmhm- N- ]n Xm alx Inw {_ kzcq- ]- anXnx
At\ymkmht\ym la kv aoXn tb hnZpx tX
]ithm \kz `mh ]ihx Xtahw mXzm
hnZzm arXyp- ap- Jm- Xn- {]- ap- NytX \m\yx ]v Ym
hnZytX Ab-\mb.
]noSv \mcZ {_kz-cq]w FmsWv tNmZn
p. Atm {_mhv ]dp: ""Xs cq]w XsbmWv
{_w. Xm {_n \nv `n- amsWp IcpXp-
h a\pjy- \mXmIpp. arKtbm\nbn P\nXpsIm
pam{Xw Hcp arKns\ arKsav ]d- bm ]mSn.
bYm m\anm- h\mWv arKw. {_s khm
mhmbncpXp m\n arXypapJ-n\nv tamNn
pXmWv. tam e_v[np GIamw ]cam
m\w am{XamsWv AdnbpI.
I K
N P
532
2. Imex kz`mthm \nb-Xn bZrm
`qXm\n tbm\nx ]pcpj CXn Nnyw
kwtbmK Gjmw \ Xzm`mhm
Zmmly\oix kpJ ZpxJ tltXmx
3. tX [ym\tbmKm\pKXm A]-iy
tZhmi- nw. kzKssW \nipVmw
bx ImcWm\n \nJnem\n Xm\n
Xmembp-m\y- [njvT tXyIx
4. XtaIkvanw kv{XnhrXw tjmUmimw
iXm[mcw hnwiXn {]Xymcm`nx
Ajv SssIx jUv`n hnizcqss]I]mi
{Xnam-t`Zw Zzn\nbnssI tamlw
5. ]t{kmtXm_p ]tbm \yp{Khy{mw
]{]mtWmn ]_p[ymZn aqemw ]m
hmw ] ZpxJuL-thKmw
]miXv t`Zw ] ]hm [oam
6. khm Poth kh kwt _rlt
Xkvan lwtkm {`aytX {_ Nt{I
]rYKmm\w t{]cnXmcw N aXz
PqjvSkvXX kvtX\m arXXztaXn
7. DZvKo- Yta-XXv ]caw Xp {_
Xkvanw kv{Xbw kz {]XnjvTmcw N
A{Xmcw thZhntZm hnZnXzm eo\m.
]tc {_Wn XXv ]cmbWmx
8. kwbpta-XXv cacw N
hymhyw `ctX hnizaoi;
A\o- i- mm _[ytX t`mr `mhm
9. mu ZzmhPm hoim\o imhPmtlyIm
t`mr t`mKm bpm
A\- mm hnizcqt]mly-Im
{Xbw bZm hnptX {_tlyXXv
10. cw {][m\aarXmcw lcx
cmXv am\mho-itX tZh GIx
Xkym`n[ym\m tZymP\mXz `mhmXv
`qbmt hnizambm\nhrn
Iew, kz`mhw, ^eImcW- amb Iw, BIkvanI
kw`hw, Pohmmhv Ch hnkz- \pImcW-amtWm? Ah
tNX\mmhns\ Xs B{i- bn- p- - h- bmIpp.
kpJZpxJv ImcW- amb {]mcm_v[v hiw
h- Z-ambn Ign- bp-- Po- hm- mhpw Cu hnizm- k-n\p
ImcWmc\. Ch Nnnv APo-mkpI [ym\n
pIbpw kzKpWmhrXhpw, kzcq]- `q-Xhpw ANny-hp
amb Bi-nsb kmmXvIcnpIbpw sNpp. ]c
mhntXpXsbmWv B Znhy-amb in. Hcp t-a\n
bpw, apv hebfpw ]Xn\mdpXebpw AXv Acfpw
Ccp]Xv klmbI Acfpw Bcv AjvSIfpw Hcp
]mihpw At\cq-]fpw aqpt`Z-fpXpw Hcp \m`n
tbmSpIqSnbXamb N{Is Ah Ip. Ap t{kmX
pIfn \npw Dhnp hnj- bmIPen k-
- hpamb \Zn Ap ]hXtmSp IqSnbXpw AXp
t`X-tfmSp IqSnbpapXmIpp. Fm PohnIpw
B{i-bambncnp hnkvXrXamb Cu {_N{In
Pohmmhp {`aWw sNbvXpsImncnpp. Pohmmhv
X\npw as-mhpw t{]cW \Ip ]cammhns\
\mbn a\n-em-n-gnbptm ]c-am-mhpambn
XmZmyw {]m]nv AarXXzs {]m]npXmWv . thZ
]cammhns alXzw DZvtLmjnpXmWv. kh
t{i- jvThpw Ahn\minbpw Bbn ]c{_w ]cneknp
w. thZ-m A-cymanbmbn nXnsNp B ]c
ammhns\ NnnpXsbmWv AXn hnebw {]m]n
np-Xv. hymhy- ambn \nesImp Cu {]]-
s [cnp kwc-npXv B ]c{_w Xs
bmIpp. Pohmmhv kwkmchnj- b-t`mK- A\p`
hnp-XmIbm {]IrXnv hiwhZambn {]]-- _- -
\- n s]p- g- ep- p. Fm ]c- {_- m- - I- amb
m\w t\Sngnm kIe _\-fn\npw
apamIpXmWv. m\nsbpw Am\nsbpw
ka- sapw Ak-aXvYsapw Pohmm cp
hn[nepv. PohnI\pIqeamb t`mKy-hkvXp
{]Zm\w sNp in Cu {]IrXn XsbmIpp.
bYm- n ]c{_w kq- cq]- bphpw Ir
XzmZn A`nam\clnX\pw A- clnX\pw BIpp. Cuiz
c Poh {]IrXn Cu aqns\bpw a\pjy {_
ns cq]-n A\p`hnptm Ahs _\
- sfmw hntZns-SpXmWv. {]IrXn \izcamIpp.
Fm AXns t`mmhmb Bmhv Ahn\min\n
bmstmWw. Htcsbmcp Cuizc XsbmWv. \iz
camb Cu {]IrXnsbbpw Ahn\minbmb Bmhns\bpw
\nb-{np- Xv . a\ns\ Cuizc\n ebnnv Cuiz
cs\ \nccw NnnpsImncpm HSphn km[
I Atlss {]m]npXmWv. B \nebn
septm a\pjy kIeamb- Ifn\npw hnap
\mbno-cpXmWv.
11. mXzm tZhw apNytX kh ]mssix
ossWx tsskP-arXyp {]lmWn.
Xkvam`n[ym\mXv {XnXbw tZl- t`tZ
hnssizizcyw tIhe B]vXImax
I K
N P
533
12. GXPvtbw \nXy- ta-hm kww \mXx
]cwthZnXhyw lnInnXv
t`mm t`mKyw t{]cnXmcw N aXzm
khw t{]mw {Xnhn[w {_tlyXXv
13. BhnZymXt]maqew XZv{_- tm]- \njZv ]cw
]c-ammhns\ [ym\nam{X-bn Xs kIe
]m]fn\npw hnap- \mIpXmWv . ti- \in
tijw XrXob temIw hsc A\mk\mbncpXp
sImv P-arXypfn \nIv ]ca]Zw {]m]npw.
{_w Xn XsbmWpXv. AXns\s-bmWv
]cn]q- ambn Adntb- Xpw. {_smfpw Adntb-
Xmbn bmsXmpans-pXs IcpXpI. t`mKysapw
t{]cIsapw Adnp Ignm Fmhpw kzbw
m\w DZbw sNpXmWv. aqp hyXykv X hkvXp
fnepw {_w XsbmWv hnpsX- dnbpI.
AXv ssIhcnm\p aqekm[\ X]p B-m
\hpsav AdnbpI.
14. bx Ghw hnZnXzm kzcq]- ta-hm\pNnb X{X
tIm tamlx Ix timIx GIXz a\p]- iyXx XkvamZv
hncmUv `qXw `hyw `hnjyXv `hXy\izckzcq]w.
Cu hn[w a\nemn Xs kzcq]-amb {_s
s [ym\np sImncnp m\nv timIsa
hnsS, taml-sahnsS? `qXw ham\w `mhn Fo {XoIm
emIamb hnizw Ahn\minbmb {_ns cq]w
XsbmIpp.
15. AtWmcWo-bm al-tXmalo- bm
Bmky Ptm\nlntXm Kplmbmw.
Xa{IXpw ]iyXn hoXtimtIm [mXpx
{]kmZm-lnam\aoiw
16. A]mWn]mtZm Pht\m {KloXm
]iy Xy Npxk irtWmXy Ix
k thn thZyw \ N XkymkvXn thmXam
lpc{Kyw ]pcpjw almw.
17. AJocw icotcjz\htjzhnXw
almw hn`qamm\w aXzm [otcm \ timNXn.
18. khky [mXmcaNny imnw
khmKa-m hnti-j-thZyw
]cmXv]cw ]caw ]caw thZnXhyw khmh
kmt\ kIrtZzXnXhyw
19. Ihnw]pcmWw ]pcptjmtamaw
kthizcw kh-tZssh-cp]mkyw
A\mZn a[yma\ahybw inhmNypXmw
t_mcpl- K` `q[cw
20. tkz\m hrXw khanZw {]]w
]mIw ]kpham\w ]o- IXm \
`h{]-]w
]o-IrX kzmhb- sshc-kwhrXw.
21. ]cmXv]cw b-ltXm almw
kzcq]- tXtPmab imizXw inhw
\mhnctXm ZpncnXmmimtm \mkalnXx
\mima\tkm hm]n {]mt\ss\
-\am-]v \pbmXv
22. \mx {]w \_lnx {]w
\ qew \mqew \ PvRm\w \mm\w
t\m `btXx {]-a{Kmly- ahyhlmcyw
kzx nXx kzb-tathXn b Ghw thZ k
aptm `hXn
kaptm `hXo- Xyl `K-hm ]nXmalx
AWphn shv AWphpw alnepw alpamb
B {_w PohnIfpsS lrZbt-{Xn tim`npp.
AXpXs FmhcpsSbpw P- ZmXmhpw kwc--I\pw
AXns Zb-bm a\pjy ]cammhns\ kmmXv I
cnv AXns alnasb Adnbpp. AXdnbp-h Fm
ZpxJ- n \npw ap\mIpXmWv. B ]cammhv
ssIImepI IqSmsX khkv Xpsfbpw {Klnp
XpamWv. AXnthKw Ncnpp. IpIqSmsX Fmw
ImWpIbpw sNpp. ImXpIqSmsX tIpXpamWv .
mXhyhkvXpfpsSsbmw mXmhmIpp AXv.
]t Bcpw AXns\ th- Xp- t]mse Adn- bp- n-
sXmWv kXyw. m\nI AXns\ ]pcmW- ]pcpj-
s\v ]d- b-sSpp. AXv Cuizc tZl-fn ico-can
msX IpSnsImpXmWv. kIeXpw t]mjnnp
ANny inbmIpp A- Xv. kIe imkv {Xfpw
AXns k-sbn {]Xn]mZnnnpv. ]c{_- cq- ]-
n Adntb- Xv AXpXsbmIpp. {]]-- ns
{]fbImepw Adnbs-tSXv AXpXsbmWv . AXp
Xs ]pcptjma\pw {XnIme m\nbpw kthiz
c\pw tZh]qPnX\pw AXv BZna[ymw lnXhpw Ahn
\m- in- bp- amIpp. {_- amb AXv hnjv Wp, inh,
{_mhv Focq]nep hr- ns BhnjvIm
hmIpp. ]-`q-Xm kzmwio-IcnnpXv Fnepw
]- `q- Xm- - I- amb {]]- s AhX- s- bmWv
kzmwio- Icnnp- Xv . LSI-fm kzbw {]`mhnX\.
AXv kzbw {]Imicq]amWv; k\mX\\mWv IeymW
kzcq]hpw alpamWv BNmcipnbnm- h C{nb
\n {Klw km[n- m- - h NeNn Chv
{_s {]m]nphm km[yamIpX. AXv B-
cn-Istbm _mly-stbm DZb-_mlym`ymc-
sftbm Adn- bp-pan-. AXv qetam kqv atam
I K
N P
534
m\kz-cq]tam Am\ kzcq]tam A`nKayt\m
AmXmWv . AXv bmsXmcp hn[amb hyhlmc]-cn[n
bnepw s]Spn. B-cnIamb cq]-n AXv kzbw
nXn sNpXmWv. Cs\ B]- c{_- spdn
dn m\n tamw {]m]nppshv ]nXmal
Acp- fpp.
23. kzkzcq]x ]cn{hmSv ]cn{hmtUImIo Nc
Xn-`b-{XkvX kmcwK- h-n-jv TXn Ka\ hntcmZw
\ ItcmXn kzicoc hyXncnw khw Xyzm
jSv]-ZhrXym nXz kzcq]m\pkm\w Iph
kha\\y _pym, kzkvant- haptm `hXn.
k ]cn{hmSv kh{Inbm ImcI \nhtImKpcp
in- jy- im- kv {Xm- Zn- hn- \napx kh kwkmcw
hnkrPy NmtamlnXx ]cn{hmSv IYw \n[-\nIx
kpJo [\- hm m\m- m- t\m- `bm XoXx
kpJ-Zpx-JmXoXx kzbw tPymXn {]Imix kh-
thZyx khx kh knoZx kth- iz- cx-
tkmlanXn XZv hnjvtWmx ]caw ]Zw b{X KXzm
\ \nht tbmKn\x kqtcym \ X{X`mXn
\iimtm]n \ k ]p\cmhtX \ k ]p\cm
htX XXv ssIheyanXyp]\nj-Xv.
kzkz- cq]w Adn k\ymkn GImInbmbn am{Xw
k-cnpp. t]Sncam HcnSpw kzambn
\nmXpt]mse Abm Hcnepw HcnSv ncambn
hknpX. asmcnSv t]mIWw F Nnbpw
Ah\n. Abm kIeXpw XyPnv `nmhrnsImv
hbdp \nd- bvpXmWv. kZmkzcq] [ym\]-c\mbn
kIe PohnItfbpw Bmhns\t]mse IcpXpp. GXm
Zriy-\mb kw\ymkn XnIpw _\ hnap\mWv.
{Inbm- ImcI t`Z- fpw Abm Adn- bpn-. Kpcp,
injy, imkv{Xw Fo _-\- fm Ah\v _-\
an- . XymKn- bmb Ah\v ZpxJ- an- . kmwk- cn- I- amb
sFizcyw XyPnmte kw\ymknv kpJw InpIbpq.
Abm m\n\pw Am\n\pw AXo- X\mWv.
kpJZpxJmZnI Abmsf _m[nn. Bmhn \nv
{]Imiw e`nv Abm AdntbsXmw AdnbpXmWv.
kIe knnIfpw sImSpm Ah ka-\mIpp.
kth- iz- c\pw kh- i- - \p- ambn `hn- pXmWv .
Abm Xss {_- sav IcpXpw. `K-hm
hnjvWphns ]ca]Zw B ]c{_w XsbmIpp.
]c{_w {]m]nm Ign- h\v kwkmc kmK-cn
]XntXmbn hcppan. kqcy-N{mcpsS {]Imi-
n\pw B[mansem Ignbn. AhnsS Fnb-
h P\\acWN{In \npw hnap\mIpXmWv.
Fsm AXp XsbmWv ssIheyw ]Zw. C{]Imcw
D]-\nj-v A\pim- knpp.
\mcZ]- cn{hmPtIm]-\njv kam]np.
Q
Hmw. kl\mhhXp. kl \u `p\p kl
hocyw Ichmhssl. tXPkzn\mh [oXakvXp am
hnZnjm hssl Hmw. imnx imnx imnx.
]c{_w Kpcpinjy- mcmb \sf cpt]- scbpw
cns. cp t]scbpw ]cn]mens. cpt]cpw
Hcp- anp Ign- hpI t\S- s. R- fpsS A[y- b\w
tXmtPmab- amIs. R ]ckv]cw hntZzjw hlnm
Xncns. Hmw. imnx imnx imnx.
1. Hmw. AY]pcptjml ssh \mcmb-tWImabX
{]Pmx krtPtb-Xn. \mcmb-WmXv {]mtWmPmbtX
a\x kth{nbmWn N Jw hmbptPymXncm]mx
]rYnho hnizmky [mcnWo. \mcmb-WmXv {_m
Pmb-tX, \mcmb-WmXv cpt{Zm Pmb-tX. \mcmb-Wm
Znt{m PmbtX \mcmb-WmXv {]Pm]Xnx {]Pmb-
tX. \mcm- b- WmXv ZzmZ- im- ZnXym cpt{Zm- h- khx
khmWn Omwkn. \mcmbWmtZhkapXv ]- Zyt.
\mcm- b- WmXv {]h- t. \mcm- btW {]eo- b-
t. GXZv EtKzmZintcm[otX.
Hmw. ]pcpj kzcq]-\mb \mcmb-W {]P-Isf
krjvSnm\m{K- lnp. \mcmbW\n\npw {]mW Dm
bn. Fm C{nb-fpw a\pw Atln \npm
bn. BImiw, hmbp, tPymXnv, Pew, ]rYzn Fo hniz
[mcnIfmb ]-`qX \mcmbW\n \npXsbp
mbn. \mcmb-W-\n\np Xs {_mhpw cp{Z\pw
\mcmbWmYintcm]\njv
1
3
I K
N P
535
C{\pw {]Pm]Xnbpw ZzmZimZnXymcpwGImZi cp{Zmcpw
AjvShkpfpw kIehn[nep OpIfpw Dm
bn. \mcmb- W- \n \np Xs kIXpw DZv`hnpIbpw
sNpp. ]WvUnXm EtKzZnse {][m\s Cu
AwKw A[yb\w sNpp.
2. AY \ntXym \mcm- bWx {_m- \m- cm- bWx
inh \mcm-bWx i{I \mcm-bWx Ime
\mcmbWx Zni \mcmbWx hnZni- \mcmbWx
Du[zw N \mcmbWx A[ \mcmbWx A
_ln \mcmbWx \mcmbW GthZw. khw
bZv `qXw b `hyw \njvIftm \ncRvPt\m
\nhnIevt]m \ncmJymXx iptm tZh GtIm\m
cmbtWm \ ZznXotbm kvXn InXv. b Ghw
thZ k hnjv Wp tchh `hXn b GXZy- p thZ
intcm- [otcm.
\mcmbW \nXyhpw {_mhpw inh\pw ic\pw
Ime\pw ZnpIfpw hnZnpIfpw BIpp. apI `mKhpw
Xmsg `mKhpw Dpw ]pd- sabpw Fmw \mcmb-W-\mIp
p. P\nXpw taem P\nm t]mIpXpw Fmw
\mcmb-W XsbmIpp. Cu \mcmb-W- \msX cm
asXmn. C{]-Imcw Adnbph hnjvWpkzcq]- \m
bno-cpp. bpthtZmamb Cu t{ijv TXXzs
Adnhp-h A[y-b\w sNpp.
3. Hman Xyt{K hyml- tcXv \a CXn ]mXv \mcm
b-WmtbXyp ]cnjvSmXv HmantXyImcw \a CXn
tZz Atc \mcm-b-Wm-tbXn ]m--cmWn
GXssZz \mcmb-W- kymjv Smcw ]Zw tbm l
ssh \mcmbW kymjvSmcw ]Zat[yXn A\]-
{_phx kh- am- bqtc Xn hntX {]mPm- ]Xyw
cmbkv t]mjw Ku]Xyw XtXmarXya- iv \ptX
XtXmarXXz aiv \pX CXn GXXv kma- thZ
intcm [otcm.
BZyw "Hmw' Fpw ]ns "\a' Fpw Dcn
Ww. Hmmcn Hcp A-chpw \ax FXn c
-chpw \mcmbWmtbXn F-Xn A- - chpw Dv.
Cs\ AXv \mcmb-Ws AjvSm-ca{ambno-cp
p. Cu a{w P]nm a\pjy AIme acW- n
\npw c- {]m]nv ]qmbpv A\p`hnpp. Ah\v
khhn[ [\fpw ssIhcpp. Ahkm\w Ah Aar
Xs A\p`hnpp. kmathZnse AXn{]-[m\amb
Cu a{w P\ ]Tnpp.
4. {]Xy- Km- \w {_]p- cpjw {]Wh kzcq]w
AImc DImtcm aImc CXn. Xm At\I[m ka`
htZX tZmanXn b apzmapNytX tbmKo P-
kwkmc _\mXv "Hmw \tam \mcmb-WmtbXn'
at{m- ]m- ktIm sshIp- Wv T- `p- h\w Kan- jyXn
XZnZw ]pWvUcoIw hnm\L\w XkvamUn
Zm`am{Xw. {_tWym tZhIo ]pt{Xm {_tWym
a[p - kq - Zt\m { _ayx ]p W- Uco Imtm
{_tWym hnjv Wp-c-NypX CXn. kh-`qX
taIw ssh\m-cm- bWw ImcW ]qcpj- aIm-cWw
]cw {_ Hmw. GXZYhintcmtbm[o-tX.
AImcw, DImcw, aImcw Ch tNpmb "Hmw'
FXv B\cq]hpw {_]pcpj- cq]hpw {]W- hkz
cq]hpamIpp. Cu HmwImc P]w sImv tbmKnI
khn[amb kwkmc_- fpw hntZnp P\\acW
- fn\nv apn t\Spp. Hmw \tam \mcmb-Wmb F
at{m]mk\ sNp- h sshIpWvT temIw {]m]np
p. Cu lrZbIaew hnm\cq]amIpp. CXn\nv
hnZypXv {]-`m]qcapmIpp. CXns\sbmWv tZhIo
]p{X-s\pw a[pkq-Z\s\pw ]pWvU-co- Im-s\pw
hnjvWpshpw ANypXs\pw ]dbpXv. kIe Pohn
Ifnepw Cu \mcmb- W Xs Xs hknp-p.
Atlw ImcW- ]pcpj- \msW- nepw ImcW- clnX\mWv .
Ctlw Xs ]c{_w; AYh intcm`mKamb Cu
a{w Adnhp-h A[y-b\w sNpp.
5. {]mXc-[nb-amt\m cm{Xn IrXw ]m]w \mib-
Xn. kmb-a[o-bmt\m ZnhkIrXw ]m]w \mibXn.
XXv kmbw {]mXc[o-b-amtWm A]mt]m `hXn.
a[yw Zn\amZnXymZn aptJm A[o- bm\x ]alm
]mX tIm]-]mXImXv {]apNytX. khthZ]mcm
bW ]pWyw e`- tX. \mcm- bW kmbq- Py- a- hm-
]vt\mXn b Ghw thZ.
Cu a{w {]`mXn P]nm cm{Xnbn sNbvX
kIe ]m]fpw \inpt]mIpw. kym Imev P]n
m ]I sNbvX ]m]w apgph\pw \inpp. a[ym
-kabv kqcy\v A`napJ-ambn \npsImv Cu
a{w P]nm ]-alm]mXIfpw D]- ]mXIfpw
\inpp. Ah\v kIethZfpw A[yb\w sNbvXm
ep ^ew e`npp. Ah\v {io\mcmb-Ws kmbq
Py-amIp apn e`npp. As\ {io\mcmb- Ws
kmmXvImcw e`npp.
\mcmbWmYhintcm]- \njv kam]np.
Q
I K
N P
536
\ncmetm]\njv
1
3
imn]mTw
Hmw ]q-aZx ]q-anZw ]qmXv ]q-
apZNytX ]qky ]q-amZmb ]q-ta-hmh
injy- tX.
Cu ]c{_w ]q-amIpp. Cu PKpw ]q-
amIpp. Cu ]q {_n \npamWv Cu ]q
{]]w Dmbnp-Xv. Cu ]q-{_-n \npw
]q- {]]saSpmepw ]q- {_w Xs Ahti-
jnpp. Hmw. imnx imnx imnx
1. Hmw. \anhmb Kpcth knZm\ aqtb
\njv{]-]mb immb-\cmew_mb tXPtk
2. \ncmew_w kam{inXy kmew_w hnPlmXnbx
k k\ymko N tbmKo N ssIheyw
]Zaiv\p tX.
inh\pw Kpcphpw knZm\aqnbpw {]]-- cln
X\pw im\pw BNmcy- clnX\pw tXtPmab\pamb ]c
ammhn\v \akvImcw. \ncmew_- amb ]caXXzs B{i-
bnv kmew_-amb {]]-s Dt]- np- h BWv
k\ymkn. Ah Xs tbmKn. Ah tamw {]m]n
pp.
3. Gjm am\ Pq\mwkakvXm
cnjvS imtb
bZyZv t_m[hyaJnew XZmiy {_ho-aylw
Am\nIfmb PohnIfpsS khZpxJ-fpw ian
np- Xn\mbn GsXmmtWm Adntb-Xv AsXmw
Rm Nnnv ChnsS ]d- bpp.
4. Inw {_ Ix Cuizcx tIm Pohx Im{]- IrXnx
Ix ]camm tIm {_m. tIm hnjvWpx
tImx cp{Zx
I C{x. Ix ia\x Ix kqcymx. I-{x.
tIkpcmx.
tI Akpcmx. tI ]nimNmx tI a\pjymx.
Imx kv{Xobx.
I ]izmZbx. Inw mhcw. tI {_mWmZbx
tIm PmXnx. Inw I, InaI. Inw m\w.
Inw m\w.
Inw kpJw Inw ZpxJw. Ix kzx. tIm
\cIx. tIm
_x. tIm tamx Ix D]mkyx I injymx.
tIm hnZzm tIm aqUx. Inamkpcw In X]x
In ]caw ]Zw.
Inw {Kmlyw. Ina{Kmlyw. Ix k\ymko
Xymi- yml {_tXn.
{_samsev? Cuizc Bcv ? Poh Fv?
{]IrXn FmWv ? ]cammshmWv ? {_mhv BcmWv?
hnjv Wp BcmWv? cp{Z BcmWv? C{ Bcv? N{
Bcv? kqcy Bcv? Akpcm Bcv? ]nimNp Bcv?
a\p- jy Bcv ? kv {XoI Bcv ? arKm- Zn- I Fv ?
mhcw Fv? {_mWmZnI Bcv? PmXn Fmsev?
I-sav? AIsav? m\sav? Am-\
sav? kpJ-sav? ZpxJ- sav? kzK- taXv? \cItaXv?
F-XmWv _ptamsaXv ? D]mk\mtbmKy\mbn
p-Xmcv? BcmWv injy? BcmWv hnZzm? BcmWv
aqV? Bkpcamb sXv? FmWv X]v ? FmWv
]c- a]Zw? FmWv {Kmlyw? FmWv A{Kmlyw?
BcmWv kw\ymkn? CsXmw {_ns cq]-- fmsW-
-dnv ]d- p.
5. k tlmhmN al-Zlmc ]rYnhy]v tXtPmhm
bzm-Im-i-tXz\ _rl-Zv cqt]W AWvU-tImti\
Im\m cq]-Xbm `mkam\aZzn Xob-a
Jntem-]m[n hn\napw XXv kI- eiyp ]
_rwlnXw A\m- Zy- \w ipw inhw imw
\nKp- W- an- XymZn hmNy- h- \nhmNyw ssNX\yw
{_ Cuizc CXnN {_ssh kz inw {]-
IrXy`nt[bmam{inXy temIm krjvSzm {]hniym
cyman-tXz\ {_mZo\mw _po-{nb \nb-{r
Xz m- Zo- iz - c. Poh CXn N. { _
hnjv Woimt\{mZo\mw \ma- cq]- Zzmcm qtem
lan Xm an Yym [ymk- h- im- ohx tkml
tatIm]n tZlmcw`I t`ZhimZv _lpPo- hx{]Ir
Xncn-XnN {_Wx kImim-m\m hnNn{X PK-
nmW kmay _pncq]m {_ intc
h{]- IrXnx ]camtXn N tZlmtZx ]cXcXzmZv
{_ssh ]camm k {_m k hnjvWpx k
C{ x k ia\x kx kq cymx k N{ kv tX
kpcmkv tX Akp- cmkv tX ]nim- Nmkv tX a\p-
jymkv Xmx kv { Xobkv tX ]iz m- Zb kv XXv
mhcw tX {_mWmZbx khw JeznZw {_
t\l- \m\m kvXn In- \.
I K
N P
537
Atlw ]dp: ""al- Xzw, Al-mcw, ]rYzn,
Pew, hmbp, An, hmbp, BImiw FnhbpsS cq]-
nepw AtX {]Imcw {_mWvU-cq]nepw I
m\m cq]- - fnepw {]Iminncpnpw kthm]m
[nclnXhpw AZznXo-bhpw khi- napw BZy-c
clnXhpw iphpw imhpw \nKpWhpw Ah- \o-
bhpamb ssNX\ysbmWv ]c{_-sap ]d- bp- Xv .
Cuizcs cq]-amsW- n Cu ]c{_w Xs
Xs {]IrXn Fp t]cp insb B{i- bnv
temI krjvSnpIbpw A-cymanbmbn Ahbn
{]thinv {_mZn PohnIfpsS _pn C{nbw XpSn
b-hsb \nb-{npIbpw sNpp. AtmgmWv AXv
Cuizcs\v ]d-b-s-SpXv . Cu ssNX\ys {_mhv
hnjvWp, ic, C{ Fo \mep cq]- aptJ\
""Rm qeamWv'' F anYysb tZlm`nam\w P\n
ptm AXv Poh Fv ]dbsSpp. Cu ssNX\yw
""B {_w Rm Xs'' F cq]-n GIXzs
A\p`- hnpp. Fnepw hn`nico- c- fm AXv Poh
cq]- ambno-cpp. At\I Xcnep hnNn{XtemI
sf krjvSnm IgnhpXmWv {]IrXn. {_ns
_pni- nbmWv {]IrXnsbv ]d-b- s-Sp-Xv. tZlmZn
IXoXamb {_w XsbmWv. ]cammhv {_w
Xs. {_mhv, hnjvWp, C{, ba, kqcy, N{,
tZh, Akpc, ]nimNv , a\pjy, kv {Xo, ]pcpj,
arKw FnhbpsS cq]-- fn {]ISamIp- Xv . CXp Xs
bmWv mhcw {_mWmZnIfpw kIetemIfpw {_w
Xs. {_n \npw `n- ambn bmsXmpan.
6. PmXn- cn - Xn - N, \ NtWm \ cky \
amwkky \ Nmn\x PmXncmt\m PmXn hyh
lmc {]I-ev]nXm, ItXn N {Inbm-amtW-{n-
ssbx, Im- Wy- lw, Itcm- ao- Xy- [ym \njv T
Xbm IrXw Issh Ix AItXn N
IrXz t`mrXzm ZylwImcXbm _cq]w
PmZn ImcWw \nXy- ss\an-nI bmK-{hX Xt]m
Zm\mZnjw ^em`n km\w b ZI. m\
anXn N tZtl- {nb \n{Kl kvXZv Kp cq]mk\
{ihW a\\ \nZn[ymk ss\cy- ZyZv ZrKv Zriy
kzcq]w khm- - cw khkaw LS- ]- SmZn
]Zm- an-hmhnImcw hnImtcjp ssNX\yw hn\m
InnmkvXoXn kmmXvImcm\p`thm m\w
Am\anXn N cu k-{`mn cnhm ZznXotb
khm\pkyqtX khatb {_Wn tZhXncyMv
\c- m- hc kv {Xo]p-cpj hm- {ia _tam
tm]m[n \m\m t`Z- I- ev ]n Xw m\- a-
m\w kp J- an Xn N kn - Zm- \ kz cq]w
mXzm \cq]bm nXn. sskhkpJw ZpxJ
anXn A\mcqt]m hnjb kev] Gh ZpxJw
kz CXn N kXv kwkx kzx \cI CXn
N AkXv kwkmc hnjb P\- kw- k Gh
\cIx _ CXn N A\mXy hnZym hmk\bm
PmtXm Al- an-XymZn kevt]m _x ]nXramXr
ktlm- Zc Zmcm- ]Xy Krlm- cma t{X aaXm
kwkmcm hcW- kev t]m _x IrXzmZylw
Imc- k- ev t]m _x AWn- am- Zy- jv ssS- izcym
imkn kev t]m _x tZh- a- \p- jym- Zyp- ]m-
k\m Imakevt]m _x bamZy- jvSmwK tbmK
kev t]m _x hm{ia [ kev t]m
_x Bm-`b kwi-bm KpW-k-ev t]m
_x bmK-{hXXt]mZm\ hn[n hn[m\m\m
km`thm _x tIhe tammt] kevt]m
_x kev]- am{X kw`thm _x tam CXn
N \nXym\nXyhkv Xp hnNmcmZ\nXy kwkmckpJ
ZpxJ hnj- b- k- a- kv X- t{X aa _- tbm
tamx
PmXn FXv sXmenbpsStbm c- nstbm amwk
nstbm AnIfpsStbm Bmhnstbm A. AXv
tIhew kev]- amWv . Ins Aw C{nb
sNp {InbI FmIpp. ""Rm sNpp'' Fv
A[ym\njvTtbmsS sNp {]hrnsb am{Xta I
sav ]d- bm km[nq. IrXz t`mrXz P\y- amb
A`nam\w sImv Cs\ \nXy- ss\- an-n- I- fpw
bw {hXw X]v Zm\w Fnhbn ^emt]tbmsS
sNs-Sp Ifpw AIw Fv Adnbs-Spp.
m\s kw_-nmsW- n, krjvSnbpsS Fm
]cnh\mI- fmb hkvXpfnepw Hmtcm ssNX\y
XXzw ImWs- Sppv. asmpa. {`jv Smhns cq]-
ambpw Zriycq]ambpw CcnpXv AXpXsbmWv . Cu
ssNX\yw CXv kIecpsSbpw Dn hknpp. kI
eXnepw kam\amWnXv . hnImcclnXhpamWv. Fnepw
IpSw XpWn XpSnb ]e cq]-nepw AXv ]cnhn
Xambncnpp. Cs\ kmmXv Imcap A\p`hs
m\w Fp ]d- bpp. Cu A\p`hw tZtl- {nbmZn
Isf \nb- {np- XpsImpw AtXmsSmw Xs Kpcp
hns D]mk\, {ihWw, a\\w, \nZn[ymk\w Fnh
bmepw kw`-hnpp. Am\s kw_-nmsW-
n Ib-dn k-amsW\v sXnmcW DmIpXp
t]mse kIeXnepw tImsncnpXpw khcq
]hpw GIam{Xhpamb {_n tZh, ]n, arKw,
a\pjy, mhcw, kv {Xo, ]pcpj, hw, B{i-aw,
_w, tamw XpSnb \nch[n D]m[nItfmSp IqSnb
A\m hkvXpv t`Zapsv kev]np-XmWv
Am\w.
kpJ-ns \nhN\w knZm\mIamb ]c
ammhns kzcq]adnv B\mIamb GsXmch
bmtWm ssIhcpXv AXmWv kpJw.
I K
N P
538
kzw- DamcpsS kamKaw XsbmWv kzw.
\cIwA- kXytmSpw kmwkmcnIhnj- b- tfmSpw
kwkmc_- cmb P\tfmSpap kwkw XsbmWv
\cIw.
_w A\mZnbmb Am\ hmk\bm ""Rm
P\npp'' ""Rm acnpp'' XpSnb NnI Dm
IpXp XsbmWv _\w. A, A, ktlmZ
c, `mcy, aI, hoSv , tXmw, t{Xw XpSnbh Fs
XmsW- p kmwkmcnImhcW _amb NnIfpw
_\w Xs. AWnamZnIfmb AjvssSizcy t\S
W- sa B{K-lhpw AXns kev ]hpw _\amIp
p. baw, \nbaw Fo AjvSmwKbp-amb tbmK-k-
ev]hpw _\w Xs. hm{ia [ kev]hpw
_-\as{X. B-`bw, kwibw FnhbpsS k
ev]hpw bw, {hXw, X]-v, Zm\w hn[nhn[m\
Chsbmss _-\amIpp. AXpt]mse Xs
tIhew tamss NnnpIbmsW-pXpw
_\w Xs. tamw \nXym\nXy hkvXpsfn
bp Nnbm {]]- - nse A\nXyhpw kpJ-ZpxJm
Ihpamb Fm hnj- b- fn \npw aaXbmIp _
\n\p \miw kw`hnpIbmWv tam- sav ]d-bmw.
7. D]mky CXn N kh ico- c ssNX\y {_
{]m]tIm Kpcpcp]mkyx injy CXn N hnZym[zkvX
{]]- m- h- Km- lnX m\m- hinjv Sw {_ssh
injyx hnZzm\nXn N khmckzkw hn{Zq]
hnZznhnZzm, aqV CXn N Ir XzmZy lwImc
`mhmcqtVm aqVx BkpcanXn N {_ hnjvWzo-
imt\{mZo\m ssaizcy Ima\bm\nci\ Q]mn
tlm{Xn `njz--cm-m\w km]- bXn NmXyp{K
cmK- tZzj hnlnwkm Zw`mZyt]- nXw X] Bkp
cw. X] CXn N {_ kXyw PK- n - tYyXy
]tcm m\m- n\m {_mssZy izcym im
kn kev] _oP kvXm]w X]x ]caw ]ZanXn
N {]mtW-{nbmZy-x Ica KpWmtZx ]cXcw kn
Zm\ abw \nXy- ap {_m\w ]caw ]Zw
{KmlyanXn N tZi- Ime hkvXp ]cntZ cmlnXy
Nnm{X kzcq]w {Kmlyw A{Km-ly-anXn N kz
kzcq] hyXncn ambm-ab _pn{nb tKmNc
PKXv kXy Xz Nn\a{Kmlyw kw\ymkoXn N
kh[m ]cnXyPy \ntam \nwl- M- A-Imc
`qXzm {_tjvSw icap]-Kay XXza-kn, Alw
{_m- kv an, khw Jev hnZw {_ t\l- \m-
\mkvXn In\ CXymZn almhmIymm\p `h
m\mXv {_ss hmlakvaoXn \nnXy- \nhn
Iev ] kam- [n Xm kz Xt{ m bXn - - cXn
kw\ymko kapx kx ]qPyx ktbmKo k]caw-
ltkm Ah[qXx k {_mW CXn. CZw \ncm
ew- t_m- ]- \n- jZw tbm[otX Kph\p {KlXw
tkmn ]qtXm `hXn k hmbp ]qtXm `hXn k
\ ]p\cmhtX ]p\\m`n PmbX CXyp]- \n
j-Xv.
D]mkymZnIfpsS \nhN\w D]mky D]mknp
hm tbmKy-amb GIhkv Xphns\ kIei- co-c-fnepw
Dsmp ssNX\y- kz-cq]amb {_s {]m]n
m klmbnp KpcphmWv D]mky.
in jy m\w e`n v kwkm- c- am- Ip
Am\w \inv AKm[m\cq]n Ahti- jn
p {_w GsXmmtWm AXmWv injy.
hnZzm khmcymanbmb Bmhns m\
kzcq]- adnbp- h\mWv hnZzm. aqV IrXzmZn Al-
mc`mhn Bcq-V\mb-h\mWv aqV. Bkpcn
{_mhv hnjvWp atl- izc FnhcpsS sFizcyw e`n
W- sa taml-m D]-hmkw, P]w, Antlm{Xw
Fnhbm A- cmmhns\ ZpxJnnpIbpw cmKtZzj
lnwkm Zw`mZn ZpKpW- tfmsS X]--\pjvTnpIbpw
sNphmWv Bkpcn. X]w ""{_amWv kXyw, PKv
anYy-bmWv'' F m\m {_mZnIfpsS sFiz
cyw t\SW- sap kev ]w \innpXmWv X]w.
]ca]- Zw {]mW, C{nbw, a\v Fnhbn \nsmw
`nhpw knZm\kz-cq]hpw \nXy-aphpamb {_
m\amWv ]ca]-Zw, {Kmlyw, tZiw, Imew, hkv Xp Ch
bpsS ]cntZclnXamb Nnm{Xkz-cq]amWv {Kmlyw;
A{Kmlyw Bkzcq]-n \npw `namb ambbm
kev]nXhpw _pn, C{nbw XpSnbh hnj- b-cq-]
amb {]]- s kXy- sav IcpXp- Xpw, kw\ymkn
Fm [-tfmSpsamw Al- mcw, aaX Fnh
shSnp {_s icWw {]m]npIbpw "XXzakn'
"Alw{_mkv an' khw Jev hnZw {_- t\- l\m
\mkvXn In\ Fo almXzmIr NXpjvSb aptJ\
\nhnIev] kam[nbn AhnX\mIpIbpw kzX
{\mb bXnsb- tmse s]cpamdpIbpw sNp- h\mWv
kw\ymkn. Ah XsbmWv ap. Ah Xs
tbmKn. Ah Xs ]calwk\pw Ah[qX\pw {_
m- \nbpw.
Cu \ncmewt_m]\njp KpcpIr]bm A[y-
b\w sNp- h Ansb-t]msebpw hmbphns\tm
sebpw ]cnip\mbno-cpp. Ah hopw {]]- -
n hcpn. Ah\v ]p\cmh\an. Fv D]-\n
jv A`n{]mb-s- Spp.
\ncmewt_m]-\n-jv kam]np.
Q
I K
N P
539
\nhmtWm] \njv
1
3
Hmw hmMv ta a\kn {]XnjvTnXm at\m ta
hmNn {]XnjvTnXamhncmhn a G[n thZky h
BWomx {ipXw ta am {]lm- ko- c- t\- \m[n
tX\m tlmcm{XmwZ[man. EXw hZnjy-man, kXyw
hZnjyman XmahXp XZzmcahXp AhXp amw
AhXp hmcw Hmw imnx imnx imnx
Fs hmv a\n kv YncambncntW. a\v
hmn nc-am-bncntW. kzbw {]Imim-m-th,
Ap Fs apn {]Xy--amItW. hmMv a\pIsf
\n cpt]cpw Fs thZm\n\m[mcamWv.
AXn\m Fs thZm[y-b-\s \inncpXv. Fs
Zn\cm{X Cu thZm`ymkn NnehgnsSpp.
Rm am\knIambpw hmNnIambpw kXyw ]dbmw. Fs
cnpI. hmhns\ cnpI. Hmw imn imn
imn
1. AY \nhmtWm]- \njZw hymJymkymax ]ca
lwtkm lw ]cn{hmPImx ]n-aenwKmx a-Y
t-{X]memx KK- \knmx AarXItm e\Zo
Abw \ncRvP\w \nwib Ejnx \nhmtWm
tZhXm \njvIe {]hrnx \njvtI-hem\w
Du[zm- av \mbx \ncm- ew- _- ]oTx kwtbm-K- Zom
hntbmK- ]- tZix Zomktmj-]m\w N ZzmZimZn
Xym-h-temI\w hnthI-cm IcpssWh tIfnx
B\amem GIm Kplmbmw apmk\kpJ
tKmjvTo AIev]nX Znmio lwkmNmcx kh
`q-Xmhn lwk CXn {]Xn ]mZ\w ss[cy
Imw DZmko-\sIu]o\w hnNm-cZx {_m
htemItbmK- ]x {inbmw ]mZpImx ]tcmNcWw
Ipen-\n_x ]cmh]hmZ-aptm Poh-px
inhtbmK \n{Zm NtJ- Nco-ap{Zm N ]cam\n
A\-cw \nhm-tWm]-\n-jv hni-Zo-I-cn-mw.
Rm ]calwk\mWv. ]cn{hmPIm ]naenwK- tmSp
tN- hcpw Imaw \ntcm[np- Xn t{X]meIv
Xpey- cpamIpp. AhcpsS knmw BImi-ns\mw
\neamWv. B-cq]amIpp. AhcpsS \Zn A-
bhpw \nte]hpamWv . \nwib- amb BmhmWv Ah
cpsS kzcq]w. kwi-b-clnXamb BmhmWv AhcpsS
hy- \mb Ejn \nhmWw Xs Ah-cpsS tZh.
m\w kthm]m[nhn\npamIpp. D-Xn
XnpthnbmWv AhcpsS A`ymkw. AhcpsS Bk\w
B{i- b-cln-XamWv. ]cammhpambp kmbqPy-amWv
AhcpsS Zo. kwkmctamN\amWv D]-tZiw. ]T\sa
Xv Zo kzoIcnv ktmj- tmsS Ccnp- XmWv .
ZzZ- im- Zn- Xy- msc Ah ImWp- p. Ah hnthIw
]pepp. AhcpsS IfnI IcpW- am{Xw AhcpsS
k` GImXbn DNnXamb Bk\w cNnncnpIbm
Wv. kzbw ]mIw sNmsX `n-bn\npw InpXv
`npp. lwkstmsebmWv Iw. kIe{]m
WnIfpsSbpw Dnse Bmhp Xs lwkw. ss[cy-
amWv AhcpsS DSpXpWnbmb Po- hkv {Xw. Iu]o\w
sImv Xr]v Xns-Spp. Nnbpw Zhpw] ]mZpIbpw
{_Zi\w tbmK]w ChbpamWv k- v. Ah sNcn
pame t]mse \nmcambn IcpXpp. ]cammhns
CbmWv AhcpsS BNcWw. AhcpsS _w Ip
en\nbmWv. ]c\nmclnX\mb tbmKn Pohp\mbn
o-cpp. ]cmXv]-c\pambp kmbqPyamWv \n{Z. Ah
tJNco-ap{Z hlnpp. ]cam\ ]q- \mWh.
2. \nXKpW-{Xbw hnthIe`yw at\mhmK- tKm
Ncw A\nXyw PK- -\nXw kz]v \PK-`-{Z-KPmZn
Xpeyw XYm tZlmZnkwLmXw taml- KpW-PmeI
enXw X{Zpk- hXv Iev]nXw hnjvWphn[ym
Zni-Xm-`n[m\eyw Aptim amx iq\yw \
ktXx ]cta-izc km kXy- kntbmKm aTx,
Aa- c- ]Zw XZv kz- cq]w BZn- {_- kz kwhnXv
AP]m Kmb{Xo hnImcZtmt[ybx, at\m\ntcm
[n\n Im tbmtK\ kZm \kzcq]Zi-\w, B\
`n-mio alm-iva-imt\]ym\x, ht\ hmkx,
GImm\w B\aT D-\y-h-m, imc-Zm
tNjvSm D\o KXnx \neKm{Xw, \ncmew_]oTw
Aa-cItm em\{Inbm ]mcK- K\w almkn
mx, iaZamZn Znhy- i- ymNctW t{X]m{X
]- SpXm ]cm]- ckwtbmKx XmctIm]- tZix AssZz
XkZm\tm tZhXm \nbamx kzmcn{nb-\n{Klx
`b- taml- timIt{Im[ kvXymKx ]cmhsscIy- ckzm
kzm-Z\w AXn-bmaIXz\neinx kz{]- Imi
{_XtXz inh in kpSnX {]]- - tO-Z\w
XYm ]{Xm mn- I- a- ep `mhm- `m- h- Z- l\w
_n{`XymImi-[mcw inhw Xpcobw btm]- hoXw
Xbm in Jm Nn bw tNmXv krjv Sn Zw
kXmn Iaepw I\nq-e\w Im.
ambmaaXmlmc Zl\w ivaimt\ A\ml- XmwKn
\nkvss{XKpWy-kz-cq]m\pkm\w ka-bx{`mn
lcWw ImamZn-hrn Zl\w ImTn\y ZrV-Iu-
]o\ NocmPn\hmkx A\mlX a{ A{Inssbh
Ppjv Sw tkzm- Nmc kzkz- `mthm tamx ]cw
{_-hZmN-cWw {_Ncy- imn kw{K- lWw
{_N- cym- {ita [oXyhm- \- {]- m- {i-ta- f-[oXy
I K
N P
540
kh- kw- hn- \ymkw kw\ymkw At- {_- m- J-
m- Imcw \nXyw kh- kw- tZ- l- \m- i- \w. GX-
nhmW- Zi\w injyw ]p{Xw hn\m \ tZbw
CXyp-]\n-j- Xv .
{XnKpW-clnXhpw hnthIe`yhpamWv {_w AXv
at\mhmK- tKmNcamWv AXn P\nnp-h kz]v\{]-
]w t]msebpw BImi KPs t]msebpw anYy- bm
Wv. AXpt]mse Cu tZlmZnI taml-KpW-bp-amIp
p. CsXmw Ib Iv ]mmsWp sXncnp-
Xpt]mse anYybmWv. hnjvWp, {_mhp XpSnb At\
IiXw \ma-tfmSpIqSnb {_amWv eyw C{nbmZn
Ifn ISnmWnSpIbmWmhiyw. iq\yw F ktX
a ]ctaizcs kbmWv kXyw. kzcq]w k\ymkn
bpsS aThpw Aac]- ZhpamWv. Rm ]c{_w Xs
F- XmWv k\ymknbpsS t[ybw. AP]-bmWv Kmb{Xn.
hnImcsf \nb{npIbmWv eyw. at\m\n{Kl- amWv
I. k\ymknI tbmKm Ftmgpw B\kz
cq]w Zinpp. B\amIp `n `pPnpp. alm
ivaim\-nepw kpch\nsetmWw hkn-pp.
GImXbmWv \nhmkm\w. B\w Xs aTw.
Nm-ey- sat\y Iw sNpp. icocw \neamWv.
\ncm{ib-nXnbmWv Bk-\w. B\amWv {Inb. ]c
ammhmWv AhcpsS BImiw. BmhpXs knm
w. iaZamZnIfmW- hew_w. ]c{_ kmbqPyamWv ckm
kzmZ\w. XmcI {_tlma]- tZiw sNpp. AssZzX kZm
\mWv AhcpsS tZh. C{nb \n{KlamWv \nb-aw.
`btamlmZnIfpsS XymKamWv eyw. A\nbmaIXzamWv
\nein. kzbw {]Imi- amb {_XXzn inh
i- nbm kv ^pSnXamb {]]- s Ah tOZnp
p. C{nb Zi- \amWv Iaep, `mhm`mhs `kvao-
Icnm BImi- amIp B[mcw [cnpp. Xpco-b-
{_-amWv btm]ho-Xw. AXp Xs inJ. {]]- -
XymK- amWv. Zw, {_Zi- \amWv Iaep. I
\nqe\amWv I, amb, aaX, Al- mcw Fnhsb
`kvao- Icnm iv aim\n Xpd icoctmsS hkn
pIbmWv AhcpsS \nbaw. {XnKpW clnXamb kzcq
]s A\pkm\w sNp- Xn kabw Nnehgnp
p. I- arK- Nw Fo cq]-nep hkv{Xw [cn
pp. A\ml-X\mZpcq]amb a{w P]npp. tkzm
Nmc]-camb B-kz`mhw kwcnpXv tam-ambn
IcpXpp. {_Ncy-m imn t\Spp. {_Ncy-
nse- t]mse hm\{]- m{i- anepw A[yb\w \nh
lnv m\kwbp\mbn k\ymkw kzoIcnp
XmWv icnbmb k\ymkw. HSphn {_cq]- nep
AJ- mImi-n kvYnXn sNpw. AtXmsSmw kwi-
b- AIv \nhmWw {]m]n- p- p. injyt\m
]p{Xt\m AmsX ampw CXv D]-tZintXn
Fv Cu D]-\njv A\pimknpp.
\nhmtWm]\njv kam]np.
\oecpt{Zm]\njv
1
3
A]iywXzmhtcmlw I
ZnhnXx ]rYnhoalx I
A]iyw bp{Zay I
\oe{Knhw inJn\w I
Znh Dt{Km{XmcpXv I
{]XymXv {`ayma[n I
P\mkx hiytXaw I
\oe{Knhw hntlmenXw I
Gj GXy hoclm I
cpt{Zm Pemkt`jPo I
{Xnthytmap\o\i I
ZzmZoImtcmt]yXp tX I
\akvtX `h`mhmb I
\akv tX `h\yh I
\akv tX AkvXp _mlp`ym I
artXm X Cjth \ax I
bmanjp Knci lkvtX I
_n`jybw kvXth I
inhmw Kncn{X Xmw Ipcp I
amlnw ]ox ]pcpjw PKXv I
inth\ hNkmXzm I
KncnimmhZmakn I
Q
I K
N P
541
bYm\x khanK I
Zbvaw kpa\m AkXv I
bmX Cbpx inhXam I
inh _`qh tX [\p I
inhm ichymbm Xh I
Xbm t\m ar[ Pohtk I
bm tX cp{Z inhm[\ I
ctLmcm ]m]\min\ow I
Xbm\kvXmimX]bm I
Kncn imZncm{IiXv I
kXbkv Xmt{hm AcpW I
DX _`p hntemlnXx I
tb tN ta cp{Zm A`ntXm I
hnp {inXm kl{kmix
tl \oeIWvT, Xs Znhyamb [mam `qae
n AhXcnXp \nanw Rv Asb
ImWm Ignp. Xs `oIcamb cp{Z cq]tmSp IqSn
abn]oenIfpsS IncoSaWnp Cu PKn
Bhn`qX\mbn; ChnsSbpff ZpjvSmsc kwlcnp.
Ahn[w Asb Rv ImWm Ignp.
P\sf Cu `Khm \oeIWvT\v \ ch
amWv. Atls ZinpI. Cu `Khm cp{Z
XsbmWv.Pe kfmb Hmj[nIfn \ne sImv
tcmKcq]nIfmb ]m]sf \innpXv Ctlw
PohnIfpsS {]mW\mIpp. AawKf AIpXn
\pw B{KlnXv km[npXn\pw Atlw \nfpsS
ASpv {]XysSphm\nSbmIs.
`Khm cp{Z, AbpsS t{Im[n\v RfpsS
\akvImcw. `Khm\mb `h, AbpsS t{Im[mthin
\v \akv Imcw. `Khm\mb \oeIWv T, AbpsS `pP
p w `p Pfn hn cmPn p icp w
\akvImcw ssIemkhmkn\p, Av ]hXnemWv
hknpsXnepw kIepw taacpfpp. Av
ZpjvS\n{Kln\p]tbmKsSpp _mWw RfpsS
awKfn\v DXIpamdmpI.
ssIemkhmknbmb ]ctaizc, R Asb
kv Xp Xns. As\ sNbv Xm temIsamw
A\pIqehpw ZpxJhnaphpambnocpw. AbpsS
_mW awKfZmbIfmWv. AXpt]mse hnpw
RmWpw awKfabamWv . Av Cu _mWfm PohnXw
\Ipp.
`Khm, cp{Z, Av ]hXn \nhknpp
shnepw kIepw awKfw \Ipp. Rv
{]Imiw \IpI. Npapw Xm{ahpw I]nehpw Cs\
]eh tN Asb R kvXpXnpp.
ZznXobJWv Uw
A]iyw Xzmhcn l I
\oe{Kohw hntemlnXw I
DX Xzm tKm]m AZi I
pX tXzmZlmcyx I
DX Xzm hniz `qXm\n I
Xkvssa ZrjvSmb tX \ax I
\tam AkvXp \oeinJ I
mb kl{kmmb h{PntW I
AtYm tb Aky kXzm\ I
tXt`ymlaIcw \ax I
Xamwkn X Bbp[ I
bm\XXmb [rjvWth I
Dam`ymw Xh [nt\ I
{]ap [\ kzap`tbm I
cm{Xn tbmymw I
bmt l Cjh I
]cmXm `Kthm h]px I
AhXXy [\pkvXzw I
kl{kmm itXjpth I
\niocy i[ym\mw kpJo I
inthm \x iw`pcm`cx I
hnPy [\p inJn\o I
hniteym _mWhm DX I
At\imtkyjh I
B`pcky \njMvK[o I
]cntX [\zt\mtlXn I
ckvamkv]rWhXp hnizX I
AtYmb Cjp[nkvX hmtc I
Akvan \nt[lnXw I
bm tX tlXntam Zpjv Sa I
l tX _`qh tX [\ I
Xbm Xzw hnitXm Akv am I
\bvabm ]mcw `pP I
\tam AkvXp ktt`ymx I
tb tI N ]rYnho a\p I
tb Acotb tI N ]rYnhoa\p I
tb Aco tb Znhn I
tX`yx ktt`ym \ax I
I K
N P
542
tb Nm`ntcmNt\ Znhn tb I
N kqcykycivamjp I
tbjma]vkp kZkv IrX I
tX`yx ktt`ym \ax I
bm Cjthm bmXp[m\m\mw I
tb hm h\kv]Xo\mw I
tb hm AhtSjp tb I
tX tXt`ym ktt`ym\ax I
Gsd Nphp \ndapff \oeIWv tTizc, Av
`qanbn AhXcnpXmbn R Ip. AbpsS
Cu AhXmcw Ihcn tKm]mcpw tKm]nIfpw s]Sp
p. AbpsS Cu AhXmcw Ihcn tKm]nIpw
{]bmkamWv . Fm AhXmcw ]qambm kIe
pw Asb ImWm km[npw. AbpsS Cu
Irjvakzcq]n\v \akvImcw. abn]oen [cnp
{]t`m,R Asb \akv Icnpp. Ap Xs
bmWv inimenbmb C{ `mv Av kl
{km\mbn {]XysSpp. AtbmsSmw hn
m tbmPnhcmIpp.
{]t`m, AbpsS Bbp[v \akv Imcw.
AXnifmbAh Ctm imfmWv. AbpsS
[\pn\nXm \akv Imcw. Av Xs hnns RmWv
i{XpfpsS t\pw{]tbmKnmXncnpI. Av
_mW Bh\mgnbnenv F{Xbpw awKfIcamb
kuay inh cq]n Rv Zi\w \Inbmepw.
tl kl{km, Av \qdp\qdp _mW Htc
Ln sXmSpphnSpXn\v i\mWv . _mW
aqbpffXmn Av RfpsS awKfn\v thXv
sNpI. ]hXfpw s]mSnbmm Ignhpff Xs
_mW awKfn\v D]Icns. AbpsS ic
RfpsS bv mIs.
`qanbn Ignp IqSp kv \akvImcw.
BImin epw kz n ep apff kv
\akv Imcw. kqcys {]Imi civanI ]cp temI
nepw Penepw Ignbp kpw \akvImcw.
cmkmcpsS _mWcq]fpw amffn Ignbp
hbpw h\kv]XnIfn \nhknphcpamb k
v \akv Imcw.
XrXmbJw
bx kzPt\moe{Kothm I
hm kzP\m lcn I
Ievamj ]p tamjt[ I
Pw`tbmXmcpXn I
h{`q K{`q I I
\oe{Koh bx inh I
ithW \oeIWvtT\ I
`th\ acpXm knXm I
hncq]mtW _{`qWm I
hmNw hmZnjytXm lX I
kh \oe inJw I
hoc IWn IWn I
CamXb {]mi Pln tb\Zw I
hn`Pmatl \tam `hmb I
\a inthXn \ax k`m {]]m I
Znt\ bkymizcu Zzn I
kcu KZZmhZnXcu I
Xkvssa \oen inJmb \ax II
Atbm Hmj[nIsf bmsXmcp `Khm inh
hnizawKfn\p thn hnjw ]m\w sNbv Xv \oe
IWv T\mbnop bmsXmcm Xs `mcpsS
awKfn \mbn lcn bpsS cq]w [cnp, B \oe
iv a{iphmb tIZmtcizc{]`phn\v, imn kzcq]\mb B
tZhtZh\v, ktmjnm thXv sNpI. `Khm
inh ]nwKf ham icoctmSpw ItfmSpw
IqSnbh\mWv. Atlw \oeIWvT\mWv. k
AWnncnpp. hncq]m\mb lc ]escbpw
\nl\npIbpmbn. Atls kw_np
anYym[mcW AIpI. Cu {]]n ImcW`qX\mb
`h\v \akvImcw. kwlmc Imhmb cp{Z\v \akv Im
cw. \oeaIpS[mcnbpw tIZmtcizc\pamb `Khm\v \a
kvImcw. Z Krlnse a]w kptim`nXamp
Ipamc cq]\mb inh\v \akv Imcw.
bmsXmcp \oe inJm[mcnbn \nmWv IpXnc
tImh IgpX XpSnbhsbmw DmbXv Atln\v
\akvImcw. Fm aWvU]fpw kptim`nXamp
inhcq]\mb kh\mY\v hopw hopw \akv Imcw.
\oecp{Zm]\njv kam]np.
Q
I K
N P
543
imn ]mTw
Hmw `{Zm It`nx irWp bma tZhm `{Zw
]tiy am`ncyP{Xmx nssccwssKkvXphmw
kkvX \q`nhytia tZhlnXw bmZmbpx kzkvXn
\ Ct{m hr {ihmx kzkvXn \x ]qjm hniz
thZmx kzkvXn \x Xmtym Acnt\anx kzkvXn
t\m _rlkv]Xn Z[mXp.
tZhmsc, R ImXpI sImv \Xv tIp
amdmItW. IpI sImv \Xv ImWm\nShctW. kpZr
Vfmb AwK fmepw tZl mepw \nsf kv XpXnp
sImv tZhm Rv \n bnnp Bbpp apgp
h R A\p`hn tW. alm Ionam\mb C{
Rv \ ssIhcp tW. kh \mb ]qjmhv
Rv awKfw \ItW. A{]Xntcm[yKXnam\mb Kcp
U Rv awKfw \ItW. _rlkv]Xn Rv
awKfw \ItW. Hmw imnx imnx imnx
1. Hmw Bt]m hm CZ am k ken e tah k
{]Pm]Xn tcIx ]pjv Ic ]t ka ` h Xv , X
kyma\kn Imax kahX CZw krtPban
Xn. XkvamXv XXv ]pcptjm a\km A`n KXn,
XZzm Nm h ZXn XXv IWm Itcm Xn, XtZ jm
`ypm Ima kv X Zt{i ka h Xm[n a\tkm
tcXx {]Yaw bZmkoXv. ktXm _p akvXn \nc
hn lrZn{]Xojy Ihtbm a\otjXn Dss]\w
XZp]\ anXnbXv Imtam `hXn k Xt]m f X]yX
kX]kv X]vXzm \ GXw a{cmPw \mcknwla
\pp`a]iyXv tXss\h khanZakrPX bZnZw
InwN Xkv amXv kh anZ a \p p an Xym N tX
bZnZw Inw N A\pp t`m hm Cam\n `qXm\n
Pmbt A\pp`m PmXm\n Pohn A\pp`w
{]by `nkw hninX sskyjm `hXn A\p
p]v {]Yam `hXn A\pp_pam `hXn hmKzm
A\p p]v hmssNh {]bn hmssN thm Zyn
]cam hm Gjm Okmw bZv A\pp_nXn.
BZyLn Cu {]]w apgph\pw Pecq]n
embncpp. Fmbn Spw Pew Xs bmbncpp. B Pe
n Hcp Xma cbnebn {]Pm]Xnbmb {_mhv {]Xy
s p. {_mhn\v temIkrnbn Xmev]cyapmbn.
Atlw a\pjy`mh\sb BZyw hmpsImv ]dbpI
bpw, ]ns thncn ]qampIbpw sNbv Xp. AXv
Fmhpw AdnbmhpXmWv. AXns\ kw_nv
Cs\ ]d b snpv. ]v krn Dmbtm Ima\pw
krn sp. m\n I X fpsS a\ n nX sN
p Bmhns\ \nconpp. Ah ImatZhs\
Bmhns\ _np ]miambnImWpp. m\nI
fpsS A`n{]mb {]Imcw {]IrXnImcy`qXamb a\n
Ima DZbw sImpp krnp apv kh{X Peam
bncpp. Pew XsbmWv Cu hnizn\v ImcWambn
oXv. Cu hkvXpX Adnbp m\n Fv B{Kln
ppthm AXv t\Spp. {]Pm]Xn X]v sNbvXp. AXp
aptJ\ Atlw A\ppvO n AhX cn \cknl
a{cmPmhns\ {]m]np. B a{ns {]`mhm
Atlw Cu Zriy{]]w krnp. AXn\m Cu
{]]w a{cmP \mb A\ppvab sav ]dbpp. Cu
A\ppn \nmWv kIe `qXfptSbpw Dev]n.
A\ppns {]`mhm PohnI Ignp IqSpp.
acWtijw Cu temIw shSnp A\ppn Xs
hnebw {]m]npp. A\ppv kq temIsbpw
krnp XmWv. hmpIfneqsS a\pjy PacW
{]m]npp. AXn\m hmv A\ppp Xs. Cu
A\ppv Ov ap O pIsfm al Xzap XmWv .
2. kkmKcmw k] hXmw k]v X Zzo]mw hkp
cmw XXv kmav\x {]Yaw ]mZw Pm\obmXv b
K hm ]v k tcm K W tk hn X A cow XXv
kmav t\m ZznXobw ]mZw Pm\o bm Xv. hkp cp{Zm
ZnssXyx ksshtZsshx tkhnXw Znhw Xm
av\kvXrXobw ]mZw Pm\obmXv. {_kzcq]w \nc
Rv P\w ]ca thymav\nIpw XXv kmav\Xpw
]mZw Pm\obmtZym Pm\otX f ku AarXXzw N
KXn EKyPpx kmam Yh W Xzmtcm thZmx
kmwKmx kim Jm Xzmtcm ]mZmx `h n. Inw
[ym\w Inw ssZhXw Im\yw. Km\n Im\n ssZh
Xm\n Inw Ox I EjncnXn.
kmKc ]hX kv]X Zzo] Fnh
tbmSp IqSnb ]rYznbmWv hnin a{ns Hmas
]mZw Fv a\ nempI. bmcmepw Khmcmepw
A]vkcpIfmepw tkhXnamb AcoamWv cm
as ]mZw. hkp cp{Zm BZnXym apXemb tZh
mcm tkhnXamb ZyptemIamWv aqmas ]mZw. amb
tbmSp IqSmXpw ]cn iphpw ]c a amb thymatmSp
tNXpamb {_w XsbmWv \memas ]mZw. Ch
sbn sbmw Cs\ th hn[w Adnbp m\n
Aac Xzs {]m]npp. t{ijv T a{n\v \mev ]mZ
fpv. imJItfmSpw AwKtfmSpw IqSn Ev, bPpv,
kmaw, AY hw Fo \mep thZfmWv. Ah hnin
\rknwl]qhXm]n\yp]\njv
1
3
I K
N P
544
a{w [ym\nt sX s\bmWv? kmwKfpw kimJ
Ifpamb thZ fpsS AwK tZhm Ov EjnI
Ch Bsc mamsW {]iv\w DZbw sNpIbpmbn.
3. k tlmhmN {]Pm]Xnx k tbm l ssh XXv
kmhn {Xkymmcw ]Zw {iobm`n jnw XXv
kmavt\mwKw thZ {inbm sslhm`njn NytX kth
thZmx {]WhmZnImkvXw {]Whw XXv kmavt\m
AwKw thm kkv{Xo temIm PbXn NXphnw
iXycm almevaobPpkvXXv kmavt\miv\w
thZ Bbp bix Ion m\ sFizcyhm
`hXn. Xkv amZnZw kmwKw kma Pm\obmXv tbm
Pm\otX tkm f arXXzw N KXn kmhn{Xow
{]Whw bPp evaow kv{Xo ip{Imb t\n
N {XnwiZcw kma Pm\obmtZymPm\otX tkm
f arXXzw N KXn. kmhn{Xnw evaow bpx
{]Whw bZn Pm\obmXv kv{Xo iq{Zx kartXm f
t[m KXn XkvamXv khZm\mNt bZymNt
k BNmcykvtX ss\h kartXm f t[m KXn.
{]Pm]Xnbmb {_mhv ]dp: {io _oPm A`n
jn amb Kmb{Xn a{sa Amco]mZs t{ijvT
a{amb kmans AwKw Xssbp a\nemp
h sFizcyk\mbn `hn pp. kIe thZ
fpsS BZnbn {]tbmKn sSpXv {]WhamWv. AXp
sImv {]Whs kmans AwKw Xs sbp Icp
Xp m\n aqp temIsbpw Pbnp h\mbno
cpp. Ccp]n\mecap almevao a{w bPpth
Zns kzcq]w Xs. AXns\ kmans AwKw Xs
sbp IcpXp m\n biv, Ion, m\w,
Bbpv sFizcyw Fnh {]m]npp. AwK kln
Xw kmathZw thhn[w Adnbp hyn AarXXzs
{]m]npp. AXn\m Cu kmaw AwK klnXw
{Klnt XmWv. {]Whw, Kmb{Xn, bPpx kzcq]amb alm
evao a{w Fnhsb m\n I A\ [nImcnIv
]dpsImSpmdn. FpsImsm A s\ bp
h Ah a\ nemnbmepw Ahv D aamb KXn e`n
pIbn . AXn\m at{m]tZiw sImSppXn
hfsc {intXpv . A\ [nImcnIv at{m]tZiw
sImSpp BNmcympw At[mKXn bmWv . ap n
c cap kmas Adn bWw. kv {XoIpw iq{Z
mpw at{m]tZiw \Is Smdn.
4. k tlmhmN {]Pm]Xnx Anssh tZhmx
CZw khw hnizm\n `qXm\n {]mWm hm C{n
bmWn ]ithm AaarXw k{amSv kzcmSv hncmSv
XXv kmav \x {]Yaw ]mZw Pm\o bmXv EKypPpx
kmamYh cq]x kqtcym f cmZntXy lncbx
]pcpjkvXXv kmavt\m ZznXobw ]mZw Pm\o bmXv
b Hmj[o\mw {]`hXn Xmcm]Xnx tkmakvXXx
kmav\x XrXobw ]mZw Pm\obmXv k {_m k
inhx klcn tk{x tkm f nx tkmcx ]cax
kzcmSv XXv kmav\x NXpw ]mZw Pm\obmXv
bx Pm\otX tkm f arX XzwN KXn Hmw D{K{]Y
akymZyw Pew ZznXobkymZyw \rknwlx XrXob
kymZyw arXypx NXp kymZyw kma Pm\obmXv
b Pm\otX tkm f arXXzw N KXn XkvamZnZw
kma b{X Ip{X NnXv \ BNt bZn ZmXpat]
tX ]p{ Xmb ip{ iq jth Zmky \ykv ssa
injymb hm tNXn.
Cu hnizw apgph\pw Fm PohnIfpw Fm thZ
fpw An {]mW C{nb Aw ]ip AarXw
k{amSv kzcmPv hncmSv Fnhbpw a{fn cmPmhmb
kmans {]Ya]mZamsWdnb Ww. Ev bpv
kmaw AYhw Fo cq]nep kqcy AhbpsS
a en nXn sNp lnc b ]pcpj Fnh
kma ns ZznXob ]mZ fmWv . kIe Hmj[nIpw
XmcmKWpw \mY\mb N{s\ kmans XrXo
b]mZsapw {_mhv, hnjvWp, inh, C{, An,
]c taizc Fnh kmans NXp ]mZsapw
a\ n empI. Cs\ Adn bp m\n AarXw {]m]n
pp. t{ijvTa { amb A\ppns {]Ya ]mZns
BZymwiw D{Khpw ZznXob ]mZns BZymwiw Pehpw
XrXob ns BZymwiw \rknwlhpw \memw ]mZns
BZymwiw arXyphpamWv. Cu \mep ]mZsfbpw kma
ns kzcq]wsImv a\ nemWw. Cs\ a\n
emp m\n AarXw {]m]n pp. Bsc sbnepw
Cu a{w D]tZin Wsan AXv kzoIcnm Xmev]
cyaph\pw tkhm]c\pamb ]p{Xt\m kZmNmcnbmb
injyt\m Bbncn Ww.
5. k tlmhmN {]Pm]Xnx otcmZmWh im
bn\w \rtIkcnw tbmKnt[ybw ]caw ]Zw kma
Pm\obmtZym Pm\otX tkm f arXXzw N KXn
hocw { ]Y a Xym[mw " Xw' " kw' Zz n Xob
kym[mw lw`o XrXo b kym[mw arXypw
NXpkym[myw kma Pm\obmtZym Pm\otX
tkm f arXXzw N KXn, XkvamZnZw kma tb\
tI\ IZmcyap tJ\ tbm Pm\otX k tXss\h
icotcW kwkmcpNytX, amNbXn apapp`
hXn P]m t ss\h ico tcW tZh Xm Zi\w
ItcmXn Xkv am tah ap Jyw Zz mcw Ieu
\mt\yjmw `hXn XkvamZnZw kmwKw kma Pm\o
bmtZymPm\otX k tkm f arX Xzmb KXn.
{]Pm]Xn ]dp: Cuizcs \rknwl cq] hn{Klw
ockmKc kmbnbmbn ImWsSpXv ]caZcq]hpw
tbmKnIv [ym\tbmKyhpamWv . B hn{Klw kmathZ
ns cq]amWv. As\ am\nph AarXXzw
{]m]n pp. t{ijvTamb A\pjv Tpns BZy]mZ
]qhm nse An a`mKw hocyamIpp. ZznXob n
I K
N P
545
sXv "Xw' "kw' BWv. XrXobnsXv "lw `o BIpp.
NXpnsXv arXyphmWv. CsXmw kmaw Xs.
Cs\ Adnbp h AarXXzw {]m]npp. Cu kmaw
GsXnepw BNmcy\n \npw a\n emn BNcnp
h Cu P n Xs kwkmc_\ ap \mp
p, ap hscbpw ap\mpp. {]m]nI taml
fnepw aaXIfnepw s]pgep hyn CXp tIp
tm tamtphmIpp. a{cmP\mb kmaP]w sImv
`Khm \c knwl aqnbpsS Zi\ apmIpp. Ienbp
Knse apnp Ffpam amWnXv. CXv icop a\
n emp h AarXXzw {]m]n pp.
6. Hmw EXw kXyw ]cw {_ ]pcpjw kptI
kcnhn {Klw Irjv W]nwKfw Duz tcXw hncq
]mw icw \oetemlnXw Dam]Xnw ]ip]Xnw
]n\mIn\w lyarXZypXnw Cuim\x kh hnZym
\maoizc kh`qXm\mw {_m[n ]Xn {tWm
f [n ]Xnx tbm ssh bPp thZhmNykvXw kma
Pm\obmtZym Pm\otX tkm f arXXzw KXn alm
{]Yam[kymZyw jWw XrXobm[kymZyw
kma N Xp [m kymZyw kma Pm\obm tZym
Pm\otX tkm f arXXzw N KXn.
\rknw l A cym anbpw khhym ]n bp amWv
Atlw EXhpw kXyhpamWv . a\pjysbpw knwl n
sbpw BIrXntbmSp IqSnbh\pw Idppw abpw
Ie \nd ap h\pamWv . Atl ns t\{X `b
cfmWv. Atlw Xs IeymWImcnbmb inh
IWvTn \oe\n dw. apI`mKv temlnXhwA
Xn\m \oetemlnXs\v ]db sSpp. B `Khm
\rknwlw Xs. Kncn Pm]Xn, Dam]Xn, ]ip]Xn, hn\mIn
AXyw tXPkzn Atlw khhn Zym]Xnbpw kh`q
XfpsSbpw kzmanbpamIpp. thZ]Xnbpw {_mhn
sbpw kzmanbpw bPpthZns hmNymhpamb
B `Khm \rknwls kmasap ]dbWw. CX dn bp
h AarXXzw {]m]npp. A\pjv Tpns {]Y a]m
Zns Dcm BZy`mKw alm Fp ZznXob NcW
DmcmZy`mKw "htXm' Fp XrXob ]mZ Dcmm
Zy`mKw "jWw' Fp NXp]mZ DcmmZy`mKw
\ax FpamIpp. CXdnbph AarXXzw {]m]np
p. Cu kmaw knZm\ kzcq]amb ]c{_ Xs.
AXdnbp h Cu P n Xs AarXXzw {]m]npw
AwKklnXw Cu kmaw AdnbWw. A{]Imcw Adnbp
h P\ \ac Wc ln X\mbn Aa cXzw {]m]n pp.
7. hnizkrPv GtX\ ssh hnizanZw Akr PX
bZv hnizakrPXkvamXv hnizkrPm hnizta\m
\y\p{]PmbtX {_Wx kmbqPyw k temIXm
bn. XkvamZnZwkmwKw kaPm\obmtZymPm\otX
tkm f arXXzw N KXn hnjvWpw {]Yakymw
apJw ZznXobkymw `{Zw XrXobkymw almN
Xpkymyw kma Pm\obmtXym Pm\ntX tkm
f arXXzw N K Xn. tbm f ku tkthZ b anZw
Inw Nm\n {_ Wym \p p`w Pm\o bmtZym
Pm\ntX tkm f arXXzw N KXn. kv{Xo ]pcpj
tbmhm Csslh mXpat]tX. k kssh
izcyw ZZmXn b{X Ip{Xm]n{anbtX tZlmt tZhx
]cw {_XmcIw hymNt tb\ Aku AarXo
`qXzm kx AarXXzw N KXn XkvamZnZw kmaa
[ymKw P]Xn Xkv am ZnZw kmamwKw {]Pm ]Xnx
XkvamZnZw kmamwKw ]3Pm]Xnx bx Ghw thtZXn
atlm]m\njXv b GXmw atlm]\njZw thZ k
IrX]qcpctWm]n almhnjvWp`hXn almhn
jvWp`hXn. CXn.
hniz{kmfmb {]Pm]Xn IfmWv Cu kmamI
a{ m kh PKpw krn Xv. AXn\m Ahsc
hniz krm sfv ]dbpp. Ah aptJ\ Cu hnizw
{]ISambn. Cu cl kya dn bp m\nI {_ temI
sbpw ]{_]Zsbpw {]m]n pp. Cu kmas
AwKklnXw Adnb Ww. CXv Adnbph `h_\
ap \mbn Aa cXzw {]m]npp.
Cu a{ ns {]Yamy`mKw hnjvWphmWv.
ZznXob `mKw apJw, XrXobw `{Zw, NXpw hyqlw Ch
sbmw kmaw Xs Cs\ Adnbph AacXzw
{]m]npp. Cu XXzw Adn n pXv {]Pm]XnbmWv.
{_nXamb Cu A\pjvTpv a{w {_n Xs
nXn sNpp. CX dn bph Aa cXzw {]m]npp.
Cu PKn kv {Xo ]pcpjm D amNmc sNbvXv
B\ {]m]v Xnm{Klnpp. Ahp `Khm \rknw
l ksshizcyepw \Ipp. Ahsc AarX{]m
]vXnv Alcmpp. tamtNOp XmcI a{w
P]n Ww, Cu atlm]\njv Adn bph IrX]pc
c W\msWnepw almhnjv Wphmbn `hn pp.
cmw D] \n jv
1. tZh l ssh artXymx ]m]va`yx kwkmcmm
_n ` bpkv tX {]Pm ] Xnap ] [m hw kv tX`yx GXw
a{cmPw \mcknwlw {kw {]mbt\ ssh
tX kth arXypaPb kth ]m]va\kvX c
kwkm cm m X cw kv X am tZym artXymx ]m]v a`yx
kwkmcm hn`obmXv k Ghw a{cmPw \mcknw
lam\p`w {]Xn KrlvWo bmXv k arXypw PbXn
k ]m]vam\w XcXn k kwkmcw XcXn Xky l
ssh {]Whky bm ]qhm bm{Xm ]rYnhyImcx
k EKv`n EtKztZm{_m hkthm Kmb{Xo Kml
]Xyxk kmav\x {]Yax ]mtZm `hXn ZznXobm
cow k DImcx k bPp`nb Pp thtZm
hnjvWp cp{Zmx {Xnp_vZnWmnx k kmavt\m
ZznXobx ]mtZm `hXn XrXobmZyu k aImcx k
I K
N P
546
kma`nx kma thtZm cpt{Zm BZnXym PKXymlh
\obx k kmav\kvXr Xobx ]mtZm `hXn bm Ah
kmt\ f ky NXpyam{Xm km kmatemI
HmwImcx tkm f YhssWa ss{ c YhthZx
kwh \tIm f nacptXm hncmtUI Ejn
`mkzXo kmkmav \x NXpmx ]mtZm `hXn.
acWw ]m]w kwkmcw Chsb `bv Hcn tZh
m HmSn {]Pm]Xnbmb {_mhns\ icWw {]m]np.
{_mhv Ahv `Khm \rknwl ns a{cmP\mb
A\ppv D]tZin p. Cu a{ knnbm tZhm ac
Ws Pbnp. Ahscmw kh]m]hnap cmbn Fp
am{Xa, kwkmckmKchpw Ac ISp. AXn\m ac
W]m] kwkmc `bsSp hynI Cu a{s
icWw {]m]nm aXn. Cs\ icWw {]m]n ph
arXyp ]m]w {]]w Chsb XcWw sNpp.
Cu ]d t{ijv T a{ns AwKw Xs bmWv
{]Whhpw {]Ya am{Xmbpamb AImcamWv {]Whw.
]rYzn AXns temIamWv. EKzn`qjnXamb EtKzZw Xs
AXns A[njvTm\w tZhX {_mhv, Ov Kmb {Xn.
AXv hkpfpw Kmcl ]Xymn bpamWv {]Whns
{]Yaam{Xbn AXv \nn]vXamWv. AXp Xs kma
ns {]Y a ]mZw.
{]Whns ZznXob ]mZw DImcamWv A cow,
Acow bqthZw, cp{Z KpWfpw hnjvWphpw
tZhXI {Xnp]v O v. {]Whns XrXob am{Xa
aImc amWv. ZyptemIw kmathZw, cp{Zm BZnXym
PKXn a\v Bl h\obmn Fnhsbmw XrXob am{Xm
KXfmIpp. Cu XrXobam{Xw XsbmWv kma
ns XrXob ]mZw.
{]Whns NXpam{Xbn \mZmIamb
A am{XbpsS {]XoXnbpmIpp. AXn N{temIw
HmmchmNnbmb ]c{_ AYhthZw kwhIw
F An, acppI hncmP Ov Fnhbpv.
CXns Ejn {_mhmWv. {_cq]nemIbm AXv
AXyw {]Imiap XmWv. Cu NXp am{X XsbmWv
kma ns \memw]mZw.
2. Am cx {]Yax ]mtZm `h Xy m cm
kv{Xb ]mZm `htyhw Zzm{XnwiZcmWn k
ZytX Zzm{XnwiZcm hm A\pjvSp]v `hXn A\p
`m khanZw krw A\pp`m khap]kw
hrXw Xky ssl Xky ln ]mw Km\n `hn
NXzmcx ]mZm Xzmcn AwKm\n `hn k {]Whw
khw ]aw `hXn Hmw lrZ bmb \ax Hmw
inctk kzmlm inJmssb hjSv Hmw Ih Nmb
lpw Hmw Akv {Xm b ^Sv CXn {]Yaw {]Y ta\
bpPytX ZznXobw ZzoXntb\, XrXobw XrXotb\,
NXpw NXpt\, ]aw ]ta\, hyXn
jnm hm Cta temImx XkvamZv hyXnjnm\n
AwKm\n `hn Hmw CXn GXZv AcanZw khw
Xkv amXv {]Xycw D`bXv HmwImtcm `hXoXy
cmWmw \ymkw D]ZniXn {_hmZn\x
Fv Acfp A\ppv a{ns {]Ya ]m
ZamWv Fv Ac hoX ap aqp ]mZ. \mep
]mZ enepw IqSn apncp A c fmWv. Cu A\p
pn \memWv khPKpw DmbnpXv. kwlmchpw
AXpsImp Xs. CXns \mev AwK sfbpw ]n ]d
p. {]Whw AXns Amas AwKamWv. a\p
jys icoc n Av AwK D Xpt]mse A\p
pn\pw Cs\ Av AwKfmWv. lrZbw, incv,
inJm, akvXIw, _mlpaqew cn\pw Av AwK
Dtm. a{ns {]Y amwKs lrZb tmSpw ZznXo
bmwKs incnt\mSp XrXobmwKs inJtbmSpw
NXpmwKw cp _mlpaqetfmSpw ] amw
Ks akv XItmSpw tbm#nnmw. temIamsI tNn
cvpXp t]mse cns AwKfpw ]c kv]c _nX
amWv . HmwImcw kakv Xhnizw Xs A\ppns Hmtcm
A cnsbpw cp hi enepw Hmw Imcw tNcWw
{_m\nI Cu a{nse Hmtcm \ymks nbpw
D]tZin pp.
3. Xky l hm D{Kw {]Yaw m\w Pm\o bmtZym
Pm\otX tkm f arXXzw N KXn hocw ZznXobw kvXm\w
almhnjv Wpw XrXobw Pzew NXpw khtXmapJw
]aw \rknwlw jjvTw `ojWw k]vXaw `{Zaaw
arXypw \haw\ aman Ziaw AlanXn GImZiw m\w
Pm\obmtZym Pm\otX tkm f arXXzw N KXn GImZi
]mZm hm A\pp]v `hXy\pp`m khanZap]kwlrXw
XkvamXv khanZa \p`w Pm\obmtZym Pm\otX tkm f
arXXzw K KXn.
A\ppns {]Yam\w D{KamWv. CXdnbp h
Aa c \mIpw ZznXob m\w hocw. XrXobw m\w alm
hnjv Wp NXpkmYm\w Pzew, ] am\w kh
tXmapJw, jjv Tm\w \rknwlw, k]vXam\w `oj
Ww. A a m\w `{Zw. \ha m\w arXyp, Ziam\w
\aman GImZiw Alw. C{]Imcw Adnbph Aar
XXzw {]m]npp. GImZi]Z ep A\pjvT]v Op
aptJ\bmWv kq PKpw krnsnpXv.
kwlmchpw AXn\m Xs. kIeXpw A\ppns
alnamhntijamWv . C{]Imcw Adnbph AarXXzw
e`n pp.
4. tZhm l ssh { ]Pm ] Xn a { _p h Y
Ikv amZpNyX D{KanXn k tlmhmN {]Pm]Xn
bkv amXv kzalnav \m khm temIm khm
tZhm B\x khmWn `qXm\n DZKr lvWmXn
AP{kw krPXn hnkrPXn hnhmk bXn D{Km
I K
N P
547
lyX DZv Kr lytX kv Xpln {ipXw KU X kZw
bphm\w arKw \ `oaw D]lXp ap{Kw ZrVmP cnt{X
knwl kv Xhmt\m A\yw tX Akv an n h hp
tkx XkvaZpNytX D{KanXn AYIkvamZypNytX
hocanXn bkv amXv kzalnav \m khm temIm
khm tZhm B\x khmWn `qXm\n hoc
anXn hocmabXyP{kw krPXn hnkrPXn hmk
bXn btXm hocx IWyx kpctabp{Kmhm
PmKtX tZh Imax XkvamZpNytX hocanXn.
tZhm tNmZnp: \rknwls D{Ks\p ]dbp
sX psImmWv? DK{]Pm]Xn ]dp. `Khm
\rknwlw kzalnabm khtZhmscbpw kh`qX
sfbpw khmm sfbpw khtemI sfbpw kap
nbnempp. Atlw AhbpsS krn nXn kwlm
c IrXyw \nhlnpp. temIs A\p{KlnpIbpw
A\p{KlnnpIbpw sNpp. AXpsImv Atls
D{Ks\v ]dbpp. {ipXn I Bsc kvXpXnptm B
]ctaizcs\ kvXpXn pw. Atlw lrZbKplbn
nXn sNpp. Atlw XmcpWym kpc\mWv.
knwl cq]n {]Xy \mIps nepw ` mv `oI
c\ . kIecnepw Zb ImWnpp. Fpw Fpp.
Atlw k \ {XmW\pw Zp aI\pamWv. AXpsImv
D{K Fp t] Inn. ]ns tZhm tNmZnp. \cknw
ls hoc Fv ]dbm ImcWsav? {_mhp ]d
p. `Khm \rknwlw kzamb bm kh`qX sebpw
khtemIsfbpw ]menv hn`n eoeIfmSpp. kI
eXnepw hym]nn cnpp. krnbpsS kwcI\pw
kwlmc I\pw Atlw Xs. kq hnizhpw {]fb
n\ptijw Atln ebnpp. AXn\m hnc
s\v ]dbpp.
AY Ikv amZp NytX alm hnjv Wp cnXn bx
khm temIm hym]v t\mXn hym] bXn
kv t\tlm bYm ]e e ]n tam X t{]m X a \p
{ ]m]v Xw hyXn jv tIm hym]ytX hym] btX
bkv am PmXx ]tcm f t\ymkvXn b Bhnthi
`q h \m\n hnizm {]Pm ]Xnx {]Pbm kwhn Zm \
kv{XoWn tPymXnjn k l tX tjmUioXn Xkvam
ZpNytX almhnjvWp cnXn AYIkv amZp NytX Pze
anXn bkv amXv. kzalnav \m khm temIm
khm tZhm khm \m \x khmWn
`qXm\n kztX Pkm PzeXn Pze bXn PzeytX
khnXm {]khnXm Zo]vtXm Zo] b Zo]y am\x
Pze PzenXm X] hnX ] kwX] tcmNt\m
tcmNam\x tim`\x tim`am\x IeymWx XkvamZp
NytX PzeanXn.
tZhm tNmZnp: almhnjvWp Fp ]dbm Imc
Wsav? {_mhp ]dp. `Khm \c knwlw kzalna
bm kIetZhmcnepw kIeBm fnepw kh`qX
fnepw hym]nncnpp. temIw {]fbImev At
l n hnebw sImpp. EtKzZn Atl ns
alna {]Ion ppv. {]PIfpsS D]mkytZh\mWv.
tjmUiIembp\mbn {Xnhn[ tXPpIfn kh
nepw hym]nn cnpXn\m almhnjvWp Fv ]d
bpp. Atls Pzme Fv ]dbp sX s tZh
mcpsS tNmZyn\v adp]Snbmbn {_mhv ]dp. `K
hm kza ln abm khmmsfbpw khtemI
sfbpw kh`qX sfbpw kz tXPn\m {]Iminnp
p. EtKzZn Cs\ ]dn pv. Atlw khn
Xmhpw {]khnXmhpw BWv. {]Imibp\pw {]PzenX\pw
Zo]vX\pw Zo]nnp h\pw Zo]yam\\pw Pzenp h\pw
Pzennph\pw X]n ph\pw X]nnph\pw
tcmN\\pw tcmNam\\pw tim`\\pw tim`am\\pw Ieym
WImcnbpamWv. AXn\m Atls Pzenph
Fp hntijnnn cnpp.
5. AY IkvamZpNytX khtXmapJanXn bkv am
Z\n{ntbm]n khXx ]iyXn khXx irtWmXn
khtXm KXn khX BZt k khix
khXx Xnjv TXn GIx ]pc kv XmZv BZy CZw
_`qh btXm _`qh `qh \ky tKm]mx bw
At]yXn `ph\w kmw]cmtb \aman Xalw kh
tXmapJw XkvamZpNytX khtXm apJanXn.
Atls FpsImmWv khtXm apJ s\p
]d bp Xv ? Fv tZhm tNmZn tm {_mhv
]dp: Atlw C{nbmXoX\mbncpnpw khPohn
Isfbpw Bmsfbpw tZhmscbpw khtemI
sebpw kzalnabm kh{X honpXp sImpw
tIpXp sImpw {KlnpXp sImpw Fm
`mKpw k cnpXp sImpw Fm m\pw
hym]nncnpXp sImpw Atls ktXmpJ
s\p ]dbpp. EtKzZn Atl ns alna hn
n pv. krnp apv GI\mbn hnizn PmX\mbn.
kIe hniznsbpw {kmhmbn. kwcI\mbn. HSp
hn Xn Xs ebn n pp. Rm Atls \a
kvIcnpp. AXpsImmWv \rknwlw khtXmpJ
\mb Xv.
AY IkvamZpNytX \rknwlanXn bkvamXv
kthjmw `qXm\mw k hocyXax t{ijvTXa
kn wtlm hocy Xax t{ ijv T X a Xkv amXv
\rknwlx BkoXv ]ctaiztcm hm PKnXw hm
GXZv cq] a cw `hXn {]` hnjv Wp kv XhtX
hocymb artKm \ `oax IpNtcm Kcnjv Tmx btkym
cpjp {Xnjp hn{ItaW jz[n nbn `ph\m\n
hnizmkvX kvamZpNytX \rknw l anXn.
\rknwlw Fv ]dbp sXn\mWv ? Fv tZhm
tNmZntm {_mhv ]dp: FmPohnIfnepw shv
I K
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548
a\pjy ]cm{Iaw {]kn amWtm AXpt]mse arKfn
knwlhpw ]cm{IanbmWv. AXpsImv \c sbpw knwl
nsbpw kwbpcq]m ]cm{Ian\v alXzw
IqSpw. AXn\memWv `Khm B cq]w [cnXv. Cu cq]
n hnizn\v \ sNpp. Atl ns cq]w Ahn
\minbpw k\mX\ hpamWv . thZn Atl ns cq]
s n ]dnpv. hnjv Wp `Khm knwl cq]w [cnv
kvtXmXfn {]kvXpX\mbn hn`n kvtXm{X fm
Atlw kvXpXnsSp knwl cq][mcnbmsWnepw
Atlw `mv `bc\ . `qanbnepw ]hX fnepw
kh{X hncm Pn p p. kh hym ]n bmb Atlw
kv tXmXm fpsS hmnepw AS pp. aqp ]mZ fnep
ambn {Xn`ph\hpw HXppp. AXn\m \rknwl F
t]cv Inn.
3. AY IkvamZpNytX `ojWanXn bkvamZv bky
cq]w Zrzm khtemImx kth tZhmx khmWn
`qXm\n `oXym ]embt, kzbw bXx IpX n
_nt`Xn `nbkvamXv hmXx ]htX `ntbmt`Xn kqcyx
`nbmZkv amZn t{ arXyp [mhXn ]ax
Xkvam ZpNytX `ojaanXn.
Atls `ojWs\p ]dbpXn\v ImcWsa
sv tZhm tNmZntm {_mhp ]dp: Atl
ns `ojWcq] Iv Fmhcpw `bp. tZhmcpw
khPohn Ifpw khtemIepw Atlns `oIc
cq]w Iv `bsp HmSn adbpp. Fm Atlw
Bscbpw `bsSpn. thZn ]dn pv. Ct
ls `bmWv kqcy {]Iminp Xv. hmbp Nenp
v , An PzenpXv, C{ ags]npXv. Ct
ls `b nmWv arXyp t]mepw PohnIsf tZlp\np
ap ampXv AXpsImv Atls `ojWs\v ]d
bpp.
AY IkvamZpNytX `{ZanXn bkv amXv kzbw
`t{Zm `qXzm khZm `{Zw ZmZmXn tcmNt\m tcmN
am\x tim_\x tim`am\x IeymWw `{Zw It`nx
hytih tZh ln Xw bZmbpx Xkv am Zp lytX
`{Zan Xn.
Ctls `{Z Fp ]dbpXv FpsImsv
tZhm tNmZntm {_mhv ]dp: `{Zw F Xns
Aw awKfw FmWv. Atlw kzbw Imnam\pw
A\ysc Imnammcmph\pw BWv. kzbw tim`mk
\mbmepw A\ysc tim`mabcmpXp sImpw
Cs\ t] Inn. thZn ]dncnpp. tZhmsc
R bw sNbvXpsImncnptm ImXpI
awKfw tIpamdmItW. IpIfm awKfw Zin
tW. `Khms\ {]IonpsImv ZrV emb AwK
em I sNbvXv tZhm CnpnStmfw
Bbpv t\Ss. Cs\ hn s SpIbm `Khms\
`{Zs\p ]dbpp.
4. AY Ikv am Zp NytX arXyp an Xn bkv amXv
kzalnav\m kz`ym\mw kvarX Gh arXypa]
arXypw N amcbXn bx BZx _eZx bky hniz
D]mktX {]injyw bky tZhx bky OmbarXw
tbmarXyparXypx Ikvssa tZhmb l hnjm hnt[
aX kvamZpNytX arXyp arXypanXn.
arXyp arXyp Fp ]dbm ImcWsamWv Fv
tZhm tNmZnp. Atm {_mhv ]dp: `Khm kza
lnabm Xs `m kvacnp am{Xbn Xs
AhcpsS arXyphns\bpw A]ar Xyphn s\bpw ian np
p. thZn ]dbpp. BcpsS Bb\pkcnmtWm
tZhm XeIp\nv B]menpXv. BcpsS Omb
AarX kzcq]ambncnptm Bcv Bmhns\bpw in
tbbpw {]Zms\ sNptm Bcv arXyphn sbpw arXyp
hmtWm A s\bp GI\pw AZznXob\pamb `Khms
apn Bcm[\ \Spp CmcWm `Khms\
arXyparXyp Fv ]dbpp.
5. AY Ikv am Zp NytX \am aoXn bkv amZyw
kth tZhm \an aapthm {_mZn\{]
\q\w {_ kv ]Xna{w hZ XypIv Yw bkv an
Ct{m hcptWm ant{Xm Acyam tZhx HmImwkn
N{Intc XkvamZpNytX \amaoXn
a{cmP\n \aman F ]Zw Fn\p]tbmKnp
Fv tZhm tNmZntm {_mhv ]dp: Fm tZh
mcpw {_ hmZnIfpw tamtNv ipfmb km[Imcpw
\akv Icnpp. AXn\m Atls \akv Icn Ww.
thZn ]dncnpp. bmsXmcp `Khms\ eoI
cnpsImmtWm {_mhv Xs kvXhn \akvIcn
pXv B `hm {_mhnsbpw thZ fpsSbpw kwc
I\mWv. Atlw C{, hcpW, an{X AXyamhv
XpSn bhv B{ib amWv AXpsImv Atln \p
thn \aman F ]Zw D]tbmKn p.
6. AY IkvamZpNytX AlanXn Alakvan {]Y
aPm EXmky]qhw tZtht`ymx AarXky \m`mbn
tbm am ZZmXn k Cu tZh amhmx AlaaaZ
amZv an x Alw hn iz w `ph\ aXy ` hm kp
htPymXnx b Ghw thZ CXyp]\njXv.
a{ n Alw F ]Zw D]tbmKn n cn p sX
n\msWv tZhm tNmZntm {_mhv ]dp:
{ipXn bn ]dnpv . Rm tZhmv apv {]ISam
b h\mWv . Rm\mWv Cu Zriyhpw AZr iyhpamb {]]
n\p app Xs {]ISamb Bmhv \n Fs cn
npapv. Rm A amWv . A ` ImcpsS `I\p
ambnoncnpp. kqcy{]Imihpw Fs {]Imi
ns apn \njv{]`amWv. CXv Adnbp h\mWv Fs
bYm D]mkI.
I K
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549
aqmw D] \n jv
tZhm l ssh {]Pm]XncA{_ph\pp`
kya{cmPky \mc knwlky inw _oPw N
t\m {_qln `Kh CXn k tlmhmN {]Pm ]Xnx
ambm hm Gjm \mcknwlo khanZw krPXn
khan{Zw cXn khanZw kwlcXn XkvamXv
am bmthXmw inw hnZym cZy GXmw ambmw
inw thZ k ]m]vam\w XcXn tkm f arXXzw
N KXn alXow {inbaiv\ptX aoamwk t {_
hmZnt\m {lkzm hm ZoLm hm pXm thXn bZn
{lkzm `hXn khw ]m]vam\w ZlXyarXXzw N
KXn bZn ZoLPm `hXn alXow {iobam]v\p
bmXv AarXXzw N KXn {inbaiv\ptX aoamw
kt {_hmZnt\m {lkzm hm ZoLm hm Xm
`hXn m\hm `hXn AarXXzw N KXn XtZ
XZv EjntWmw \nZi\wk C\w ]mln b
EPnjn Xcq{X {inbw evanw Hu]emw_nImw Kmw
jjvTow N bmw C{tkt\ XypX Blp kvXmw
hnZymw {_ tbm\nw k cq]mw Xanlm bptj
icWw {]]tZy kthjmw hm GX Zv `qXm\mw
BImix ]cmbWw khmWn lhm CWB\C
`qXm\n BIm im tZh Pmbt BIm im tZh
PmXm\n Pohn BImiw {]bn A`nkwhnin
Xkv am Zm Imiw _oPw hn Zym tZ ZXv Ejn
tWmw \nZi\w lwkx ipNnZznjkypx A
co kmXm thZjZXnYnx ZptcmWkrjZzck
ZpX kZv thyma kZ_vPm tlmPm EXPm A{ZnPm
EXw _rlXv b Ghw thtZXn atlm]\njXv.
tZhm {]Pm]XntbmSv ]dp: \c knwlns
t{ijvTa{amb A\ppns insbnbpw _oP
snbpw D]tZin mepw. {_mhv ]dp: Cu hniz
ns krn nXn ebImcnWn `Khms in cq]
bmb ambbmWv . amb Xs in. ambsb incq]n
ednbp m\n ]m]w \on `hkmKcw ISv AarXXzw
{]m]n pp. Ah\v Fpw kpJkarn e`n pp.
`Khms ambmin {lkztam ZoLtam qXtam
Fv {_mZn I Nnnmdpv. {lkzsan {lkzsa
dnbpIbmsWn Ah ]m]ap\mbn AarXXzw
{]m]npp. ZoLamsWn AX dnbp h almb
sFizcyw {]m]nv Aa c \mIpp. qXamsWn AX dn
bp h AXyw m\n bmbn AarXXzw t\Spp.
Cs\ ]db s Sp ambmcq]amb _npab kzc ta,
F\nv kwkmckmKcw XcWw sNm\m{Kl apv AXn\v
Rm ics inbmb C{tk\ sbbpw hnZymin
sbbpw B{ibn pp. Fm inItfmSpw tNv
Fs cn pI.
khPohnIfpw D`hnXv BImin \nmWv .
Fmnsbpw B{ib m\hpw AXmWv . BImin
\nv Poh [cnv Fmw BImin hnebn pp.
AXn\m BImiw khnsbpw _oPamWv . `Khm
Xs ]c a[man {]Iminpp. Atlw Xs hkp
. {Kl fnse AXnYnIfpw Atlw Xs. b
thZnbn {]XnjvTnXamb Anbpw Atl amWv. Atlw
Xs Anbpw lhnpw tlma{Zhyfpw. Atlw
BIminepw kz nepw artemInepw kXy
temInepw hknpp. ]rYzo, Pew, ]hX F
kIeXnepw {]ISampXv ]c a amb kXyhpw alm\pw
Atlw Xs. C{]Imcw Adnbp m\n Fm al
Xzhpw A\p`hnpp. CXv atlm]\njmIpp.
\memw D] \n jv
1. tZhm l ssh {]Pm]Xn a{_ph\pp `kp
a{cmPky \mcknwlkymwK a{mtm{_qln
`Kh CXn k tlmhmN { ]Pm ]Xn x { ]Whw
kmhn{Xnw bPqevaow \r knwl kmb{Xnw CXn
CwKm\n Pm\obmXv. tbm Pm\otX tkm f arXXzw
N KXn HmantXyZZcanZw khw Xtkym]hym
Jym\w `qX `hZv `hnjyXv CXn khw HmwImc
Gh bm\rXv {XnImemXoXw XZ]n Hmmc Gh
khw tly XZv {_mbamm {_tkmbamm
NXp jv ]mZv PmK cn X mt\m _ln { ]x
k]v XmwKx GtIm \ hn w i Xn apJx qe `pIv
sshizm \cx {]Yax ]mZx kz]v \ mt\ A
{]x kv ]XmwK GtIm\ hnwiXnapkx {]hn
hn `pIv ssXPtkm ZzXobx ]mtZm, b{X kp]vtX
\ I\ Imaw Ima btX \ I\ kz]v \w
]iyXn XXv kpjp]vXw kpjp]vX m\ GIo
`qXx {]m \ L\ Ghm \ a tbm ]ym \ `pIv
tNtXmapJx {]kvXrXobx ]mZ Gj kth
izcx Gj khx Gj A cymao Gj
tbm\nx khky {]`hm ]ybu ln `qXm\mw \
_ln{]w \mx{]w \ {]m\L\aZr
hy hlmca{Kmlyae WaenwKaNnv ah hy ]
tZiytaIm{]Xybkmcw {]]tm]iaw inh
ssZz Xw NXp w a\yt k Bm k
hntbx
{_mhnt\mSv tZhm ]dp: `Khms\, a{cmP
\mb A\ppns AwK`qX amb a{ Rv
]dp Xc Ww. {_mhv ]dp: {]Whw, bPpevan,
Kmb{Xn, \cknw l Kmb{Xn Ch a{cmPs AwK`qX
fmb a{fmWv. AXv Adnbph\v sFizcyhpw HSp
hn Aac Xzhpw e`npw.
Ahn\min bmWv Hmwmcw, kq Zriy{]]w
AXns alnabmWv. `qXham\ `hnjyfpambn
I K
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550
_shsbmw HmwmcamWv. {XnImen \npw
Apd pXpw Hmmcw Xs. AXv `Khm \r knw l
amWv . \mep ]mZ tN h\mWtlw.
Pm{ K Z h , q e { ] ]w Ch bp sS
m\hpw _mly{]]m Iamb m\ns
tI{ hpw k]v X tem I fp sSbpw AwKhpw
Ap It {n b \mev AxIc W
Cs\ ]sm]Xp Imcy apJ am bn p
Xpw qe{]] ns t`mmhpw sshizm
\ cs\ \n e bn {]kn \pw khcq ] \pamb
An `Khm \cknw lns {]Ya]mZamIpp.
kz]v\mhbpw AXn\m {]`mhnXhpamb Cu
kqv ahnizw BcpsS m\ amWv. BcpsS B m\w
{]] n hym]nncnpp. k]vXtemIepw BcpsS
apJamWv, Bv ]sm]Xv apJapv , Bcv kqva
{]] ns t`mmhpw ]meI\pamWv . A s\ bp
ssXPk]pcpj XsbmWv \rknwlns ZznXob
]mZw.
kpjp]v Xnbpw {]fbmhbpw BcpsS m\amWv ,
BcpsS cq]w L\o`qXhnm\amWv, BcpsS apJw
Nnb {]Im iamWv, B\a b amWv, As\ bp
{]m]pcpj XsbmWv \rknwlns XrXob
]mZw. Cs\ {Xn]mZbp\mb ]cainh kIecp
sSbpw kzmanbpw kh\pw A cymanbpw BWv. kI
eXnsbpw krn nXn kwlmc m\hpw AXp Xs.
qekqva\pw {]m\w L\o`hnm
h\pw AZriy\pw \ncmImc\pw Bb ]q{_ Xs
bmWv `Khm \c knw l ns NXp ]mZ sav
m\nI ]dbpp. apv kqNnn \mep ]mZ fnepw
BscnbmtWm hnncnpXv AXv `Khm \c
knwlw Xs. Atls a\ nem Ww.
2. AY kmhn{Xo Kmb{Xo bm bPpjm t{]mm
Xbm khanZw hym]vXw LrWncnXn tZz Atc
kqcy CXn {XoWn BZnXy CXn {XoWn GXZv ssh
kmhn {Xm kymm cw ]Zw {inbm `n jnw b
Ghw thZ {inbm sslhm`njnNytX XtZZXv ENm
`ypwEtNm Atc ]cta thymav\y kv an
tZhm A[nhntiz \ntjZpx bkv X thZInarNm
IcnjyXn b CZv hnZpkvX CtakamkX CXn
\ l hm GX \yNm \ bPpjm \ kmav\mtm
f kvXn bx kmhn{Xnw thZ CXn
Hmw `q evao`p hev aox kphx Ime
IWo Xtm alm ev aox {]tNm Z bm Zn tXym
jmssh almevaobPpx Kmb{Xn NXphnw i
Xycm `hXn Kmb{Xn hm CZw khw bZnZw
Inw N XkymZy GXmw almevaow bmPpjow
thZ alXow {inbaiv\ptX Hmw \rknwlmb hnZva
tl h{P \Jmb [oaln Xtm knwlx {]tNmZbmXv
CtXyjm ssh \rknwlKmb{Xn thZm\mw tZhm\mw
\nZm\w `hXn. b Ghw thZ k \nZm\hm `hXn
tZhm l ssh {]Pm]Xna{_phY ssIass{x
tZhx kvXpXyx {]otXm `hXn kzmm\w ZibXn
Xtm {_qln `Kh CXn k tlmhmN {]Pm]Xnx
Hmw Dw Hmw tbm ssh\rknwtlm tZthm `Khm
\y {_m Xkvssa ssh \tam \ax
(1) Hmw {Kw Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZh `K
hm\y hnjvWpkvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
(2) Hmw how Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZh `K
hm\r atlizckvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
(3) Hmw cw Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K
hm\y ]pcpj kvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
(4) Hmw aw Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K
hm\y CuizckvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
(5) Hmw lmw Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm
`Khmt\ym kckzcXo Xkvssa ssh \tam \ax
(6) Hmw lw Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K
hm\yx {iokv Xkvssa ssh \tam \ax
(7) Hmw hnjvWpw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm
`Khm bm Kuco Xkvssa ssh \tam \ax
(8) Hmw Pzw Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K
hm bm {]Ir Xnkvakvssa ssh \tam \ax
(9) Hmw ew Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K
hm bm hnZym Xkvssa ssh \tam \ax
(10) Hmw Xw Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K
hm\y HmwImc kvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
(11) Hmw kw Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K
hmt\y NX{kx [mkvXmkvXkvssa th \tam
\ax
(12) Hmw hm Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K
hm tb N thZmx kmwKmx k imJmkvX kvssa
ssh \tam \ax
(13) Hmw tXm Hmw tbm ssh \rknw tlmtZthm `K
hmt\y ]mbkvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
(14) Hmw apw Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K
hm bmx k]vX hymlrXbkvXkvssa ssh \tam
\ax
(15) Hmw Jw Hmw tbm ssh \rknw lmtZthm `K
hm tb Nmu temI]memkvXkvssa ssh \tam
\ax
(16) Hmw \pw Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K
hm tb Nmu hkhkvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
I K
N P
551
(17) Hmw knw Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm
`Khm tb N cp{ZmkvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
(18) Hmw lw Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K
hm tb N BZnXykvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
(19) {lnw `ow tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K
hm tb Nmu {KlmkvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
(20) Hmw jw Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K
hm bm\n ]alm `qXm\n Xkvssa ssh Xtam
\ax
(21) Hmw Ww Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K
hm\y ImekvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
(22) Hmw `w Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K
hm\y a\pkvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
(23) Hmw {Znw Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K
hm\y arXypkvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
(24) Hmw apw Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K
hm\y bakvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
(25) Hmw Xypw Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm
`Khm\yI kvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
(26) Hmw apw Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K
hm\y {]mWkvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
(27) Hmw Xypw Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm
`Khm\y kqcykvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
(28) Hmw \w Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K
hm\y tkmakvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
(29) Hmw amw Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K
hm\y hncmSv ]pcpjkvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
(30) Hmw ap Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K
hm\y PohkvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
(31) Hmw lw Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K
hm\y khw Xkvssa ssh \tam \ax
(32) CXn Xm {]Pm ]Xnx A{_ hoXv GssXx
Zzm{XnwiXv ass{x \nXyw tZhw kvXphtX XtXm
tZhx {]otXm `hXn kzm\w ZibXn XkvamZy
GssXass{x \nXyw tZhw kvXuXn k tZhw
]ivXn k khw ]iyXn tkm f arXXzw N K
Xn. b Ghw thtZXn atlm]\njXv.
hopw tZhm {_mhn t\mSv tNmZnp: `Khms\,
`Khm \rknw ls GsX sXmw kvtXm{Xw sImp
kv XpXnmemWv Atlns Zi\w e`npXv.
{_mhv ]dp: apIfn ]dbs apncp kwJy
bp t{ijv Ta{ns apncp a{fm
Atlw {]k \mbnocpp. Cu a{ fm \nXyhpw
Atls kvXpXnpI. As\ sNbvXm Atl
ns Zi\w e`npw. AarXXzw {]m]nm\pw AXv D]
Icnpw. CXv Adnbph\pw ta ]d ^ew knn
pw. Cs\ atlm]\n jv.
Amw D] \n jv
1.tZhm l ssh {]Pm]Xna{_ph almN{Iw \ma
N{Iw t\m {_qln `Kh CXn kh ImanIw tam
Zzmcw btZymKn\ D]Znin. k tlmhmN {]t`m
]Xnx jUmcw `hXn jSv ]{Xw N{Iw `hXn jUv
hm EXhx EXp`nx kwanXw `hXn a(t[y \m`n`
hXn \m`ymw hm GtX Acm {]XnjvTnXmx ambbm
bm GXXv khw thnXw `hXn \mm\w ambm
kv]rKXn XkvamXv ambbm _ln thnXw `hXn
AY Amcw A]Zw N{Iw `hXymcm ssh
Kmb{Xo. Kmb{Xym kwanXw `hXn _lnambbm
thnXw `hXn t{Xw t{Xw hm ambm Gjm
kw]ZytX ZzmZimcw ZzmZi]{Xw N{Iw `hXn ZzmZ
im cm ssh PKXn PKXym kwanXw `hXn
_lnambw thnXw `hXn. AY tjmUimcw
tjmUi]{Xw N{Iw `hXn tjmUi Item ssh
]pcpjx ]pcpj Gh CZw khw ]pcp tjW
kwanXw `hXn. ambm _lnthnXw `hXn. AY
Zzm{XniZcw Zzm{Xnw kXv ]{Xw N{Iw `hXn. Zzm{Xnw
iZcm hm A\pp_\pp`w kwanXw `hXn.
_lnambbm thnXw `hXn Assc hm GXXv
kp_w `hXn thZm hm GtX Acm ]ss{Xhm
GXXv khXx ]cn { Im aXn Omwkn ssh
]{XmWn
{_mhnt\mSv hopw tZhm ]dp: `Khms\,
A\pp`a {cmPs almN{Iw Fp t]cp N{Is
pdnv Rv ]dp XcWw. Cu N{Iw tam{]
Zhpw khm`nZmbIhpsav ]dbsSpp. AXptIv
{_mhv ]dp: \n ]dXv icnbmWv . kpZi\w
FmWv B almN{Ins t]cv . CXv Bdv A c
tNXmWv. CXn Bdv EXp fpv. EXpsf Ac
tfmSv kmZriys Spn. N{Ins \m`n bn Cu A
c LSnn ncn pp. ambv Bmhns\ kv]in
m km[ya. AXn\m amb Cu N{Is shfnbn
\np sImv BhcWw sNbvXncnpp. hopw Fv Ac
ap AZfN{IamIpp. Kmb {Xnpw Fp Acap
v. Kmb{Xnbpambn Cs\ D]anp. ambshfnbn \nv
hfbw shncnpp. ]noSv ]{v Acfp N{I
amIpp. ]{v Ac fp PKXn O nt\mSv ZzmZ
iZfN{Is kmZriys Spn. CXpw amb bm Bhr
XamWv. ]Xns\p Zffp tjmUimcw Dv . AXv
tjmUiIembpamWv. \rknwln\pw ]Xn \mdv Ie
IfmWv. CXns\ kmm `Khms\v a\nempI.
]ns apn cp Ac fp N{IamIpp. A\pp
nepw ap ncv Ac fmWv. CXpw amb bm
I K
N P
552
_ln`mKp \npw BthnXamWv. thZw Xs bmWv ,
Cu N{Ins Ac. Ov Zffpw BWv. Cu
Zf fmemWv Idp Xv.
2. GXXv kpZi\w alm N{Iw Xky at[y
\m`ymw XmcIw `hXn bZ cw \mc knw lta
Imcw XZv `hXn jSv kp ]t{Xjp jUcw
kpZi\w `hXn. Akp ]t{Xjp Amcw
\mcmbWw `hXn ZzmZiky ]t{Xjp ZzmZimcw
hmkptZhw `hXn tjmUikp ]X3t#jp amXr
ImZymx k_npImx tjmUiIem `hXn Zzm{Xnw
ip]t{Xjp Zzm{XnwiZcw a{cmPx \mcknw
la\pp`w `hXn XZv hm GXXv kpZi\w alm
N{ Iw kh Im an Iw tam Zz mc arMv abw
bPpabw kmaabw {_abw AarXabw `hXn
Xky ]pckvXmXv hkhx BktX. cp{Zmx Zn
WXx ]mXv hniztZhmx DctXm {_hnjvWp
atlizcmx \m`ymw kqcy N{aku ]miztbmx
XtZX ZrNm`ypw EtNm Atc ]cta thyma
\ykvan tZhm A[n hntiz\ntjZpx. bkv Xw \
thZ InarNm IcnjyXn. b C ZznZpkvX Cta kam
kX CXn. XtZXlmN{Iw _mtem hm bphm hm
thZ k alm `hXn. k Kpcp`hXn k kth
jmw a{mWmw D]tZm `hXy\pp`m tlmaw
Ipcym Xv A \p p `m\w XtZ XXv ctmLv \w
arXypXmcIw KpcptXm e_v [w IWv tT _mlu
inJmbmw hm _[v\oXx k]vX Zzo]hXn `qanx Zn
Wm \mh Iev ]tX Xkv amXv { ibm bmw
ImwNnXv AZymXv km ZnWm `hXn.
3. tZhm l ssh {]Pm]Xn a{_pm\pp`ky
a{cmPky ^ew t\m {_qln `Kh CXn ktlm
hmN {]Pm]Xnx b GXw N a{cmPw \mcknw l
a \pp`w \nXy a[otX tkm f n]qtXm `hXn
k hmbp]qtXm `hXn k BZnXy ]qtXm `hXn
k tkma]qtXm `hXn k kXy]qtXm `hXn k
{_]qtXm `hXn k hnjv Wp ]qtXm k cp{Z
]qtXm `hXn k thZ ]qtXm `hXn k kh
]qtXm `hXn.
kpZi\w F t]cn AdnbsSp almN{Iw
apncp Zf ep Cu N{Iw XsbmWv. CXns
a[ynse \m`nbn `Khm \cknwls kw_n
p Xmc Ia{\ymkw sNWw. B XmcI a{w GIm
cw am{Xw tN XmWv. B Zf fn Bdv A cap
kpZi\a{\ymkw sNWw. Fp Zf fn F c
ap \mcmb Wa {hpw ]{p Zf fn ZzmZimcn
bmb hmkptZha {hpw \ymkw sNtXpv . ]Xn\mdp
Zf fn ]Xn\mdv A c Dv. apncp Zf
fn a{cmP\mb A\ppns\ \ymkw sNWw.
kpZi\m`n[ amb Cu almN{Iw hn{ipXamWv. CXv khm
`n {]Zhpw apn ZmbIhpamIpp. Ev bpv , kmaw
FnhbpsS kmm cq]hpw AarXa bamWv. CXns
Ingp `mKv A tZhmcpw sXv GImZicp{Zmcpw
hknpp. \m`nbn {_mhnjvWp atl izc mcpw Ccp
]miz fnepw kqcyN{ mcpw IpSn sImpp.
En Cs\ {]Xn]mZnncnpp. `Khm \c
knwlw ]cathymacq]nbpw Ahn\minbpamWv. Atl
n khthZepw IpSnsImpp. Atln
khtZhmcpw {]Xnjv TnXambncnpp. `Khm \c knw
ls Adnbm h\v EtKzZm[ymb\w sImv ^ean .
`Khm \c knwl sbpw Atlns N{Isbpw
Adnbph ]c {_n nXn sNpp. Cu alm
N{Is _met\m bphmthm ]Tnmepw alm\mbn o
cpw. a{cmP\mb A\ppn \m Xs ]qPbpw tlma
hpw \S Ww. almN{Iw cmkmcn \npmIp
`bn \nv c \Ipp. CXv arXyphns\ AIp
p. Kpcphn \npw CXns\ b{cq]n kzoIcnv
Igpv inJ ssIbv Fnhbn [cnpI. Cu at{m]
tZiw Xcp Kpcphn\v Zn Wbmbn, `qan apgph sImSp
mepw AXv A[n Ian .
{_mhnt\mSv Ah hop tNmZnp: `Khms\, Zb
hmbn A\pps hnin a{ ns ^es n ]d
bpI. \nXyhpw Cu a{w P]np hyn Xobn ]gp
n sSp kzw t]msebmbnocpp. Ah kh
hn[ nepw ]cnip\mbn `hnpp.
\rknwl ]qhXm]n\yp ]\njv kam]np.
Q
I K
N P
553
Hmw. tZhm l ssh kXyw temIambwkvXw
{]Pm]- Xna]r \mcknwlN{Itm {_qlo- Xn.
Xm {]Pm]-Xn\mc- knw-l- N-{I- athmN- Xv . jUv
ssh \mcknwlm\n N{ImWn `hn. bXv {]Yaw
XXpccw, bZznXobw XXpccw, brXobw XZ
jvSm-cw, NXv NXpw XXv ]mcw, bZvjjvTw
XZ- jv Sm- cw, XtZ- Xm\n jtUh \mc- knw- lm\n
N{ImWn `hn.
AX Im\n \mam\n `hn. bXv {]Yaw XZm
N{Iw, bZv ZznXobw XXv kpN{Iw, brXobw X-
lmN{Iw, bXpw XXv kIetemI c-W-
N{Iw, bZv ]aw XZypXN{Iw, bZv jjvTw XZ
kpcm- - I- N{Iw XtZ- Xm\n jtUh \mc- knwl
N{I\mam\n `hn.
AY Im\n {XoWn he- bm\n `h- n. bXv
{]Yaw XZmchebw `hXn, bZznXobw X- [yh
ebw `hXn, bZv XrXobw XZv _mly- hebw `h
Xn. XtZXm\n {XotWytX hebm\n `hn. bZm
btZXZv _oP b-[yaw Xmw \mcknwly- Kmb-{Xn,
bZv _mlyw X- {w.
AY Inacw hebw jUcmWn hebm\n
`h- n. bm- c- knwlw XXv {]Y- amX blm
eyw, XZv ZznXo- b- ky, bXv kmc- kz- Xw. XXv
XrXo- b- ky, bky bXv Imaw tZh-X- - Xp-cyky
bXv {]W-hx XXv ]aky XXv t{Im[ ZPbXw
XXv jjv Tky XtZ- Xm\n jmw \mc- knwl
N{ImWmw jUcmWn hebm\n `hn.
tZhm, kXykzcq]\pw hym]-ItemI ]nXmhpamb
{]Pm]- XntbmSv, Rv \mcknwlN{Ins D]tZiw
\IW- sav ]d- p. Ahv {]Pm]Xn \mcknwl
N{Iw D]-tZinp. AXns Npcpw CXmWv. \mcknwl
N{Iw Bdp {]ImcnemWv. BZys N{Iw \mev Ac
ap-XmWv. cmatXpw \mev Acap-XmWv . aqma
tXv Fv Acap-Xv, \mematXv Av Acap-Xv.
AmatXn\pw Av AcamWv . BdmatXn Fp
Ac- fpv. Cs\ \mcknwl-N{I BdmWv Ah
bpsS t]cv FmsW-msW-n-{]Pm]Xn hniZo-Icn
p. HmatXv B N{Iw, cmatXv kpN{Iw, am
atXv almN{Iw, \mematXv kIe temIc-Ww,
AmatXv ZyqXN{Iw, BdmatXv AkpcmI N{I
hpw. CXmWv Bdv \mcknwlN{I. AhbpsS aqp
heb- GsXp tNmZnXn\v Cs\ adp]Sn sImSp
p. BZy-tXv A-cw, cmatXv a[y-aw, aqma
tXv _mlyw Cs\ hebw aqmWv. CXn a[ya
_oPw \mcknwl Kmb-{XnbmWv. _mlyw B a{hpw.
B-chebw F{XbmsW- msW- n Bc heb-
-fpsS kwJy BdmWv. BZy- tXv \mcknwlw cma
tXv almevayw aqmatXv kmc-kzXw \mev
{]Whw Av t{Im[w \mcknwlheb-v Bdv
B- cheb-fpapv.
AY Inw a[ya hebw jUv ssh a[y- am\n
hebm\n `hn. bmcknwlmb XXv {]Yaky
bZznZv atl, XZvZznXo- bky bZz{P\Jmb, XrXobky
bo- aln, X-Xpky bkv X-kvX-Xv, ]-
aky bXv knwlx {]tNmZZbmZnXn XXv jjvTky
XtZXm\n jmw \mcknwl N{ImWmw ja
[yam\n hebm\n `hn.
AY Inw _mlyw hebw? jUv ssh _mlym
\nhebm\n `hn. bZmN{Iw bZmm XXv {]Ya
ky, XXv kpN{Iw bXv {]nbmm XZv ZznXo- b-ky,
blm N{Iw, bPvtPymXncmm XXv XrXo- b-ky,
XXv kIeky temIcWw N{Iw bmbmm
XXp- ky, bZm{Iw btZymKmm XXv ]
aky bZkpcmI N{Iw. bXv kXymm jjvT
ky. XtZXm\n jmw \mcknwl N{ImWmw jUv
_mlym\n hebm\n `hn.
a[ya heb F{XbmWv? B tNmZy- n\pc
ambn {]Pm]Xn ]dp: a[y-nse heb- - fpsS
kwJybpw BdmWv. HmatXns "\mcknwl-lmb',
cm-a- t-Xns "hnZvatl', aqm-a-t-Xns "h{P
\Jmb' \mematXns "[naln', Ans "X',
Bdns "{]tNmZbmXv ' Fpw ChbmWv \mcknwl he
b-s Bdv N{I. _mly-heb- GsXms
bmsW-n BXn\v _mly heb- fpw BdmsWv adp
]Sn sImSpp.
B N{Ihpw Bmhpw HmatXns: kpN
{Ihpw {]nbm-mhpw cmat- Xns: alm-Nv {Ihpw
tPymXncmmhpw aqmatXns; kIe temIcWw
ambmm Ch ASpXns; AkpcmN{Iw kXym,
Ch ASpXns; Cs\ \mcknwl N{In\v Bdv
_mlyheb- -fm- Wv .
ssIzXm\n \ykm\n? bXv {]Yaw XZvlrZtb,
bZv ZznXobw Xnckn, bXv XrXobw XXv inJm
bmw, bXv NXpw XhmwtKjp bXv ]aw
\rknwljvSNt{Im]\njv
1
3
I K
N P
554
XXv kthjp bXv jjvTw XXv kthjptZti-
jp. GXm\n \mc-knwlm\n N{ImWn GtXjzw
tKjp _n`rbmXv X kym\pjvSp]v kny- Xn. Xw
`K- hm \rknwlx {]ko- ZXn Xky ssIheyw
kny- Xn. Xky kth temImx knyn Xky
kth P\mx kny- n. Xkvam tZXm\n jmw
\mc- knw- l- N- {Im- Wyw- tKjp \ykym\n `h- n.
]hn { Xw GX- ky \yk- \w. \yk- \m
\rkn wlx B\o `h- Xn . ItWym `hXn
{_tWy `hXn. A\ymkm\m \rknw lm\Zo
`hXn k ItWym `h- Xn . Xkv amtZ XXv
]hn{Xw Xkym\yk\w.
tbm hm GXw \mc- kn wlw N{I- a- [otX
kkthjp thtZj- [otXm `hXn. kx kthjp
btjp bmPtIm `hXn. k kthjp Xo
jp kv\mtXm `hXn ktjp at{jp kntm
`hXn. k kh{X iptm `hXn. `qX ]nimN
imIn\o t{]X \XmI \mitIm `h- Xn. XtZX-
m{i p[m- \mb {]{_q- bm tZX- m- {i- mb
{]{_qbm-ZnXn.
Ch FhnsS shbvWw? ChbpsS \ymkw Fs\
A\pjv TnWw? Cu tNmZy- n\p Dcw \Isp
BZysXv lrZb-n; cmatXv incn; aqm
atXv inJ- bn; \mematXv Fm AwK-- fnepw Cu
N{Iw [cnp- hv A\pjvSp]v knnbpmIpp.
Ahcn `K-hm \rknwlw {]k--\mbno-cpp.
Ahpw kIe temIhpw knamIpp. kIecpw
Ahsc am\npp. CXv [cnph IWy\pw {_
mXmhpambn `hnpp. \mcknwl N{Iw A[yb\w
sNp- h kIe thZ-fpsSbpw A[y-b\ Im
hmIpp. Abm kIe b--fpsSbpw bmnI
\mbn KWns-Spw. kIe a{- fpsSbpw knn ssIh
cpp. `qX t{]X ]nimNp Chsbmpw
Ahs\ D]-{Zhnnsp Xsb Ah\v Ahsb
AI-m\p inbpw ssIhcpp. Cu \mcknwl
N{Is kw_-np D]-tZiw {imlo-\mv
\Icp- Xv.
\rknwl jSvNt{Im]-\njv kam]vXw.
Q
]{_tm]\njv
1
3
imn]mTw
Hmw. kl \mhhXp. kl \u `p\p. kl
hocyw Ichmhssl tXPkzn\mh[oXakv Xp.
amhn hnZznjm hssl. Hmw. imnx imnx imnx
]c{_w R cpt]scbpw Hcpanv cn
tW. AXv R cpt]scbpw Hcpanv ]cn]men
tW. R cpt]cpw Hcpanv IgnhpI t\StW.
R ]ckv]cw hntZzjw hlnm CSbmImXncn
tW.
1. lcn Hmw. AY ss]emtZm `Khm t`m Inam
Zu Inw PmXanXn. ktZymPmXanXn. Inw `Kh CXn.
AtLmc CXn. Inw. `Kh CXn. hmatZh CXn.
Inw. hm ]p\cnta `Kh CXn. XXv]pcpj CXn Inw
hm ]p\cnta `Kh CXn. kthjmw Znhym\mw
t{]cbnXm Cui B\ CXn. Cuimt\m `qX`hy
ky kthjmw tZhn tbm\n\mw.
Hcp Ln imIe ss]emZt\mSv tNmZnp?-
""`Khms\, BZyw DmbXv FmWv ?'' ss]emZ
]dp ""ktZym PmXsa {_amWv BZyapmbXv ''.
imIe""ap hhcpaptm?'' ss]emZDv
hmatZh\v''. AXptIv C{Xbpw t`Zta Dtm Fv
imIe tNmZntm "A XXv ]pcpj Fp
t]cpff asmcp t`Zapspw ss]emZ ]dp.
Atm ""As\ \mep t`ZemWt?'' Fv im
Ie tNmZnp''. A kIe tZhmpw t{]cIamb
Cuim\ Fsmcp t`Zw IqSpbpv CXp XsbmWv
Fm `qX`hnjypw kIe tZhtbm\nIpw
imkIambncnpXv'. Fv ss]emZ ]dp.
2. IXn hmx IXnt`Zmx
IXnibx bXv khw
XZv Kplyw.
I K
N P
555
""CXn\v F{X h Dv ? F{X t`Zfpv?
F{X inIfpv ? CsXmw clkyamWv.
3. Xkvssa \tam almtZhmb almcp{Zmb
4. t{]mhmN Xkvssa `Khm atlix
5. tKm]ymZv tKm]yXcw temtI
bZykv Xn irWp imIe
ktZymPmXw alo ]qjm
cam {_m {XnhrXv kzcx
6. EtKztZm KmlhXzw N
a{mx k]vX kzcmkvXYm
hw ]oXw {Inbm inx
khm `ojvS ^e{]Zw.
alm cp{Z Fp t]cpff Cu alm tZh\v \a
kv Imcw. atli ss]emZ\v Cu D]tZi \In.
imIe, temIv AXnclkyambXv tIpI. AXv
ktZymPmXamWv . AXn\v kIe A`ojvSfpw sImSpp
alo]qjm ca {_m {XnhrXv, AImcmZn kzc
EtKzZw, Kml]Xymn, \ax inhmb F ]mcw
k, cn, K, a, ], [, \n, Fo k]vX kzc ]oX h
w {Inbmin Fns\ At\Iw cq] Dv .
7. AtLmcw kenew N{w
Kuco thZ ZznXobIw
\ocZm`wkzcw km{w
ZnWmncpZmlrXw
8. ]miZv h kmbpw
nXncnm {Inbm\znXw
in cW kwbpw
khmLuLhn\mi\w
9. khZpjvS {]ih\w
ksshizcy ^e{]Zw
AtLmcw Pew Nw Kucn kmathZw \ocZmZw kzcw
km{w ZnWmn Fnh AtLmcns kzcq]
fmWv . Chbpw AXv ActfmSp IqSnbXpw nXn
C {Inbmin FnhtbmSpIqSnbXpw Xs kev]
inbpsS kwcWtmSp IqSnbXpamb AtLmc kzcq]w
kIe ]m]fpw \innpXpw kIe ZpjvSmscbpw
iannpXpw ksshizcyhpw \IpXpamWv.
10. hma tZhw almt_m[
ZmbIw ]mhImIw
hnZymtemI kambpaw
`m\ptImSn k{a{]`w
11. {]kw kmathZmJym
\m\mjvSI ka\znXm
[ockzca[o\, Nm
lh\oba\paw
12. m\ kwlmckwbpw
in Zzb ka\znXw
hw ipw Xtam an{iw
]q t_m[Icw kzbw
13. \a{Xb \nbmcw
[ma{Xb ka\znXw
khku`mKyZw \rWmw
khI ^e{]Zw
14. Ajv Smc kambp
ajvS ]{Xmc nXw
hmatZh\pw almb t_m[w \Iph\pw
Ancq]\pw hnZym{]ImibpX\pw \qdptImSn kqcys
{]`bpffh\pw kp{]k\pw kmathZsav t]cpff
h\pw kmathZ{]Xn]mZnXamb k]vv X kzcfpw `cX.
imkv{X\njv]amb KoXnbpw tNh\pw [ockzcm[o
\\pw Blh\ob m\w kwlmc in Ch tNh
\pw BWv B alm. Atlw shfp \ndapffh\pw
XtamKpWbp\pw ]qm\ Imhpw [ma{Xb
\nbmhpw [ma{Xbm\znX\pw kh ku`mKyhpw
\Iph\pw kIe Ipw ^ew \Ip
h\pw A, I, N, S, X, ], b,i Cu Ac tNh
\pw lrZbnepff AjvSZf Iaen \nhknp
h\pamIpp.
15. bXv ]pcpjw t{]mw
hmbpaWvUe kwhrXw
]mn\m kambp,
a{in \nbmaIw
16. ]mKXv kzc hm hym
aYthZ kzcq]Iw
tImSn tImSn KWm[yw
{_mWv UmJWvU hn{Klw
17. hw cw ImaZw N
khym[n hym[n t`jPw
krjv Sn nXn ebm Zo\mw
ImcWw kh in [rIv
18. Ahm{Xn Xbm XoXw
Xpcobw {_ kwnXm
{_ hnjvWzmZn`n. tkhyw
kthjmw P\Iw ]cw.
I K
N P
556
Rm kqNnn XXv ]pcpj hmbp aWv Ue
kwhrX\pw ]mnbn kathjvSnX\pw a{insb
\nb{nph\pw kzchyRv P\mIamb AXv
ActfmSp IqSnbh\pw AYh thZkzcq]\pw
tImSm\ptImSn KWv A[y\pw {_mWvUm
JWvU hn{Kl\pw Nph \ndapffh\pw Ima ZmXmhpw
kIe B[nIfpw hym[nIfpw \innph\pw krjvSn
n Xn kwlmcImcI\pw kh in [mcnbpw
Ahm{XbmXoX\pw Xpcob\pw {_m Fv t]tcmSp
IqSnbh\pw {_mhv hnjvWp apXembhcm tkhn
sSpXpw kIensbpw ]nXmhpamIpp.
19. Cuim\mw ]caw hnZymXv
t{]cIw _pn kmnbpw
BImimI ahy
tamwImckzc `qjnXw
20. khtZhabw imw
imyXoXw kzcmZv _lnx
AImcm Zn kzcm [y
amImiab hn{Klw
21. ] IrXy \nbmcw
]{_mIw _rlXv
]{_tm]kwlmcw
IrXzm kzm\n kwnXx
22. kz ambm ssh `hm khm
kwlrXy kzm\n nXx
] {_mImXotXm
`mktX kzkz tXPkm
BZmht N at[y N
`mktk \m\y tlXp \m
Cuim\\pw kIecpsSbpw _pn kmnbpw
BImi kzcq]\pw Ahy\pw Hmmc kzc`qjnX\pw
khtZhab\pw im\pw imnpw AXoX\pw
kzcfm AwKhy\pw AImcm Zn kzcsmw
A[y\pw krjvSn XpSnb ]IrXyfpsSsbmw
\nbmaI\pw khhym]nbpw ] {_ kzcq]\pw
]{_tm]kwlmcw sNbvXv kzmmhn nXnsN
ph\pw Xs ambm ssh`hm khhpw kwl
cnv kzm nX\mbncnph\pw BZna[ym-
fnepw asmcp ImcWhimepw `mknXamImh\pw
Fm kzbw {]Imi\pw kzbw `qhpamIpp.
23. ambbm tamlnXmx iwt`m
alm tZhw PKZv Kpcpw
\ Pm\n kpcmx kth
khImcW ImcWw
24. \ kmZrti XnjvSXn cq]aky
]cmXv]cw ]pcpjw hniz[ma
25. tb\ {]ImitX hnizw
bss{Xh {]hneobtX
XZv {_ ]caw imw
XZv {_mkv an ]cw ]Zw
26. ] {_ ]cw hnZymXv
ktZymPmXmZn ]qhIw
ZriytX {iqbtX b
]{_mIw kzbw
27. ][mham\w Xw
{_ImcyanXn kvarXw
{_ImcyanXn mXzm
Cuim\w {]Xn ]ZytX
28. ] {_mIw khw
kzm\n {]hnem]y N
tkm f l kv aoXn Pm\obXm
ZznZzm {_mSartXm `thXv
29. CtXyXXv {_ Pm\obm
Zyx k aptm \ kwibx
30. ]mcabw iw`pw
] {_W cq]nWw
\ Imcm Znb Imcmw
mXzm ]mcw Pt]Xv
ics ambbm tamlnXcmIbm kIetZh
mcpw PKZv Kpcphpw kIe ImcWImcW `qX\pamb
almtZhs\ Adnbpn. hniz{]ImiI\mb B
]cmXv]c]pcpjs cq]w IpIv hnjba. Bcp
aqeamtWm Cu hnizw {]IminXambXv FhnsSbmtWm
hnebw {]m]npXv, B {_w ]caimamWv . Rm
B ]ca ]Zkzcq] Xs. ktZymPmXmZnI B
{_w Xs. Cu {]]n ImWsSpXpw tI
sSpXpsamw ] {_mIw Xs. Ap
kzcq]fn hnp AXv {_w Xs. {_
sadnv Cuim\s\ {]m]npI. m\n B ]
{_mIs Bmhn hnebnnv Rm B
]c{_w Xs. AXns kzcq]w Rm Xs Fv
a\nemnbm {_m\mhrXm kzmZI\mbnocpw.
Cs\ {_ kzcq]s Xncndnh ap\mbn
`hnpp. ]mcab\pw ]c{_ kzcq]nbpamb
iw`phns\ a\nemn \anhmb F a{w P]n
pI.
I K
N P
557
31. khw ]mIw hnZymXv
] {_m XXzXx
32. ] {_mInw hnZymw
tbm f [otX `n `mhXx
k ]mIXm taXy
`mktX ][m kzbw
33. Gh apzm almtZthm
Kmehky alm\x
Ir]mw ]Imc Xss{Xh
kzm [o aKhXv kzbw
34. bky {ihW amt{XWm
{ipXtah {ipXw `thXv
AaXw NaXw mX
a hnmXw N imIew
35. GtIss\h Xp ]nWvtU\
hrnImb KuXa
hnmXw arabw khw
arX`nw ln ImcyIw
m hkv Xpfpw ]{_mIsap IcpXn
kh{X {]] {_XXzw ImWWw. `ntbmsS ]
{_mI hnZy A`yknp a\p jy kz bw
]{_ kzcq]\mbn ]{_ kmbqPyw {]m]np
p. Cs\ almtZh almmhmb Kmeh\v D]tZ
inv Ah\n ZbtXmn B eo\\mbn `hnp.
CXns kzcq]alnasbn tIm tImXpw
tIXmIpw. AdnbmXpw AdnXpamb Fm
hn[m\hpw ssIhcpp. AmXamb knm
m\hpw IcKXamIpp. Htc Hcp arXv ]nWv Uw sImv
hrXv JWv U `nam kIe hkv XpfpsSbpw
m\w ssIhcpatm. Imcyw ImcWn \npw
A`namWtm. ]{_ m\w sImv kh
hkvXpfpsSbpw m\w kwknamIpp.
36. GtI\ temlaWn\m
khw temlabw bYm
hnmXw kymZssYtI\
\Jm\mw Irt\\ N
37. khw ImjvWymb kwmXw
X Z `nw kz`mhXx
ImcWm`n cqt]W
Imcy ImcW tah ln
38. X{Zt]W kZm kXyw
t`tZt\mn hrjm Jep
X ImcW taIw ln
\ `nw t\m `bmIw
39. t`Zx kh{X anssYyh
[m t`Z \ncq]WmXv
BX ImcWw \nXy
taItahm Zzbw Jep
40. A{X ImcWa ssZzXw
ip ssNX\y tah ln
Akvan {_ ]tc thiy
Zlcw b ZnZw apt\
41. ]pWvUcoIw Xp Xt[y
BImtim Zltcm f kvXn XXv
k inhx knZm\x
tkm f t\zjvSthym apapp `ox
42. Abw lrZnnXx kmn
kthjma hntijXx
tX\mbw lrZbw t{]mx
inhx kwkmctamNIx
CXyp]\njXv
Ccpns Hcp IjWw icnv a\nemnbm
av Ccpn ]ZmfpsSbpw tNcph a\nemmw.
\Jw apdnp In a\nemnbm Fm InI
sfnbpw {Klnmw. cq]w amdnbmepw auenI ]Zm
n\v amantm, ImcWn \nv A`namb Imcyw
ImcWcq]w XsbmWv hkvXpX cq]sav IcpXnbm
AXv AkXyamWv. Fsm khImcyfpsSbpw
Imcaw Hp Xs. AXv `ntam D`bmItam A.
Fm m\fnepw ImWsSp t_Z{]XoXnp
ImcWw [ \ncq]W t`Zw am{Xw. AXn\m bYm
n ImcWw Hp XsbmWv . AXv cmasXm
Im Xcan. NcmNcmamb Cu hnizn\p ImcWw
ipssNX\y kzcq]amb AssZzXw Xs, {_ns
\nhmkm\amb icocn ZlZw Fp t]cp
lrZb Krln Iaesap ]dbsSp AXn
ZlcmImiw nXnsNpp. apappfmb km[Im
kn Zm\kz cq ]\mb B in hs\sbmWv
A\pkm\w sNtXv . inh khZm lrZbn
nXnsNp \nhntij cq]n kIen\pw
kmnbmWv . AXn\m lrZbss inhkzcq
]sav IcpXpI. Cu lrZbw XsbmWv kwkmctamN
Iambn hnpXv.
]{_tm]\njv kam]np.
I K
N P
558
ss]wKtem]\njv
1
3
imn ]mTw
Hmw ]q-aZx ]q-anZw. ]qmXv ]qp
ZNytX. ]qky ]q-amZmb ]q-ta-hhm h
injy- tX.
Cu ]c{_w ]q- amWv. Cu {]]- hpw ]q-
amWv . Cu ]q {_n \npw Cu ]q {]]w
Dmbn. Cu ]q-n \npw ]q-saSpmepw
]qw Xs Ahti- jnpp. Hmw. imnx imnx
imnx
Hm a [ymbw
1. AY l ss]wKtem bm-hevIyap]- ktaXy
ZzmZ-ihj-ip{iqjm]qhIw ]caclky ssIh
ey- a- \p- {_p- loXn ]{]- . k tlmhmN bm-
hevIyx ktZh tkmtay Za{K Bko-Xv. XnXy
ap- a- hn- {Inbw kXy- m- \m- \w ]cn- ]qw
k\mX\taIta-hmZznXobw {_ Xkvan acpip
nImmWp kv^SnImZu Pecu-ly]pcp-j-tc
JmZnhtmlnX ip IrjvW-KpW-abo KpW-km
aym\nhmNym aqe {]IrXncmko- Xv. XXv {]Xn_nw
_nXw bXv kmn- ssN- X\y amko- Xv . km
]p\hnIrXnw {]m]y ktXzm{anm hymJym
hc-W-in cmko-Xv. XXv {]Xn_nw_nXw b
Zoiz-c-ssN-X-\y- amko-Xv. k kzm[o- \ambx kh
x krjvSn-n-Xnebm\mamZnIm PK- Zwp
ccqt]m `hXn. kzkvan hneo\w kIew PhmZm
hn`mhb-Xn. {]mWn-IhimtZj ]tSm bZzXv
{]kmcnXx {]mWnI- bmXv ]p\kvXn tcm`m
hb-Xn. Xkvant- hmJnew hnizw ktmNnX ]S
hZztX. Cuim[njvTnXmhcW-intXm ctPm
{Znm al-ZzmJym hnt] incmko-Xv . XXv
{]Xn - _n w- _n Xw b- n - c- Wy- K`- ssN- X\y
amkoXv k al--Xzm`nam\o kv]jvSm kv]jvS
h]p`h-Xn.
bm-hevIys ASp-sn ss]wKealjn
Atls ]{p sImw ip{iqjnXn\ptijw
Cs\ ]dp: ""`K- hms\, F\nv AXyw cl- ky-
amb ssIheyw D]-tZinp XcnI.'' Atm bm- h
evIy ]d-p: ""BZyL-n tIhew kp am{Xta
Dmbncppq. \nXyhpw aphpw Al- mcnbpw kXyw
m\w B\w Fnhbm ]qhpw k\mX\hpw
GIhpw AZznXo-b- hpamb {_w AXp- Xs-bm- Wv .
AXn \npw Im\Pew t]msebpw apnnnbn
shnt]msebpw XqWn ]pcpj- s\tmsebpw kv^Sn
In tcJ t]msebpw tim`np, Npapw shfppw
Idppw tN KpWtZmj- -tfmSp IqSnb aqe {]IrXn
bpmbn. AXn aqp KpWfpw Xpey- \nebnembncp
p. AXn {]Xn_nw_nXp kmnssNX\yambn. aqe
{]IrXn hopw hnImcbp-amb- tm AXv kXzKpW-
bp-amb BhcW inbmbn. AXns\ Ahysav
]d- bpp. AXn {]Xn_nw_nXv CuizcssNX\y- am
bncpp. Cuizc kh\pw ambsb kzm[o- \amn
bh\pw krjv SnnXnebm- Iamb Ihyw P\n\v
\Inb- h\pamWv. Atlw XsbmWv Dn \nKqV-
ambn-cnp PK-Xv{_-jvSmhv. Atlw {]mWnI-fpsS
Im\pkcWw hnizamIp Xncoe hym]-cnnv Pohn
IfpsS I-bm\cw AXns\ Xntcm `hnnpp.
Cuizc\n A[njvTnXamb BhcW- i- nbn \nv
ctPmKpW- abnbmb hnt-]-in DmIpp. AXns\
al- sp ]d- bp- p . AXns { ]Xn- _nw- _s
ssNX\ylncWy- K`sap ]d- bpp. Cu alXzm`n
am\n kv]jvSm kv ]jvSamb BImcw tN- XmWv .
2. lncWy K`m[njvTnX hnt] inx XkvX
tam{ZnmlwImcm`n[m qe-incmko- Xv. XXv
{]Xn_nw_nXw bZzncmSv ssNX\y- amko- Xv . kX
Z- `n - am\o kv ]jv S- h]px kh- q- e- ]m- etIm
hnjv Wp {][m- \]p-cptjm `h- Xn. Xkv amZm-\
BImix kw`qXx, BIm- i-Zzm-bpx, hmtbm-c- nx,
Atcm]x, AZv`yx, ]rYn-ho, Xm\n ] Xm
{XmWn {XnKpWm\n `hn. {kpjvSpImtam PK-tZym
\n-kv X-tam-Kp- W- a- [n- jvTmb kqva Xm- {XmWn
`qXm\n qenIpw tkm Imab-X. krjvtSx
]cnJnXm\n `qtXmt\yItaIw Zzn[mhn[mb ]p\
- Xpm IrXzm kztkz- Xc Zzn Xo- bmwssix
][m kwtbmPy ]o-IrX `qssXc\tImSn
{_- m- Wv Um\n X ZWv tUm NnX NXpi
`phm\m\n XZv `pht\mNnXtKmf Iqe ico-
cmWy- krPXv. k ]`qXm\mw ctPmwi-- Xp[m
IrXzm `mK-{XbmXv ]hrXymIw {]mW-akr
PXv. k tXjmw CZytK\ It-{nb _ykpP
Xv. k tXjw kXzmwiw NXp[m IrXvhm `mK-
{Xb ka- jv SnXw ]- {Inbm hrXym- I ax
IcW akrPXv. k tXjmw kzXpcob `mtK\
I K
N P
559
mt\-{n- bm- Wy-kr-PXv. kzkajvSnX C{n
b-]meIm\krPXv. Xm\n krjvSm \yWvtU {]mNn
n]- Xv. XZmbm kajvSyWvUw hym]y Xm\y-
XnjvT XZm- bmlw Imc ka\zntXm hncmSv
qem- \y- c- - Xv . lnc- Wy- K`- kv X- Zm- bm
kqvam- Wy-]meb- Xv .
lncWy K` nXamb hnt] inbn \nv
Xtam KpW-bp-amb Al-mcsa qein Dm
Ip-p. AXn {]Xn_nw_nXambn-p--XmWv hncmSv
ssNX\yw. AXns A`nam\nkv]- jvSmImcw tNXpw
kIe qe PKnsbpw c-I\pw {][m\ ]pcpj-
\pamb hnjvWphmIpp. AXns Bmhn \npw
BImiw Dhnp. BImi-n \npw hmbphpw hmbp
hn \nv Anbpw Anbn\nv Pehpw Pen
\nv ]rYznbpw Dmbn. Cu {]] Xm{XIfpw {XnKp
Wm- Iambn. PKXv ImcW- \mb B hnjvWphn\v krjv Sn
p B{K-lapmb-tm Atlw XtamKpW-n
A[njvTnX\mbn. kqva Xm{XIsf qe ]-`qX
-fmn amm B{K- lnp. krjvSns `qX-fn
\nv Hmtcmns\bpw cmbnpw ]ns `qX- fn Hmtcm
ns\bpw cmbnpw ]ns Ahbn Hmtcmns\bpw
\membnpw hn`Pnp. Atm Hmtcm `qXnsbpw
A`mK- n A\y`qX- fpsS Fmas Awiw Iqn
tNv kIeXns\bpw ]o- Icnp. ]o-IrXamb Cu
`qX-fn \npw A\ tImSn {_mmWvU-fpsS
krjvSnbpmbn. Ahbvv tbmPn hn[n ]Xnmep
`qh\ krjv Snp. B `qh\p tbmPn qe
icocfpw krjvSns-p. ]- `qX- fpsS ctPmKpWmw
is \membn hn`Pnp. aqp `mK- -fn \nv ]-
{]mW- - sfbpw krjv Snp. AXpt]mse ]- `qX- fpsS
kXzKpWmwis \membn hn`Pnv Ahbn aqp `mK-
- fm ]- {Inbmbpamb AxIcWhpw \memas
`mK- m mt\{nb- -sfbpw krjvSnp. ]t-{n
b- fpsS tZhmsc krjv Snv Ahsb {_mWv Un
m]npIbpw ]cammhns Bm\pk- cWw tZh
m {_mWv U- fn hym]np \nhknpIbpw qe
PK- ns\ kwc-npIbpw sNbvXp. lncWy-K`s
kqva krjv Snsb kwcnpIbpw sNbvXp.
3. AWvUm\n tX\ l\m kv]nXp tNjv SnXpw
hm \ tiIpx Xm\n tNX\o- Ipw tkmImabX
{_mWvU-{_-c{mWn kakvXhrjvSn-a-kv X
Im hnZmcy XtZhm\p {]mhni- Xv. XZm PUm\y-
]Xn Xm\n tNX\hXv kzImWn N{Intc. kh
ttim ambm- tei ka- \zntXm hyjv Sn- tZlw
{]hniy Xbm tamlntXm PohXzaK- aXv. ico- c{Xb
XmZmymXv IXrXz t`mrXzXmaK- aXv. Pm{KXv
kz]v\ kpjp]vXn aqm acW Ibptm LSo-
b{ hZpZzntm PmtXm arX Ch Ipem-eN{I
\ymtb\ ]cn{`a-Xo-Xn.
lncWy K`s\Iq- SmsX {_mWvUn nXn
sNp Ahv t\cnb kv]\nt\m tNjvSItm
km[ya. Atlw Ahsb ssNX\yhmm\m{K- ln
pIbpw kakv X krjvSnIfpsSbpw akvXIw ]nfv
{_mWv Unepw {_c{-- fnepw {]thinpIbpw
sNbvXp. Atm PU-fmbncp Ah ssNX\yhpw
Ihpw tN- hcmbn. kh- \mb Cui ambm
bp-\mbn krjvSntZl-n {]thinp; taml- him
Poh`mhs {]m]np. icoc{Xb XmZmy-m Ir
t`mrXzsf A\p`hnm\pw XpSn. Pm{KX kz]v\w
kpjp]vXn. aq acWw Fo [sf {]m]nv Ah
DZzo--cmbn LSo-b{w t]mse Ipeme NIp\ymtb\
P\npw acnpw PKn Id- pp.
cm a [ymbw
1. AY ss]wKtem bm-hevIyaphmN kh
temIm\mw krjvSnnXyIrZzn`qcoix IYw Poh
XzaKaZnXn. k tlmhmN bm hevIyx kqva
q- e- Im- c- W- tZ- tlm- Zv `- h- ]qhIw Poth- iz c
kzcq]w hnhnNy IYbmahoXn kmh[mt\ss\Im
{K- Xbm {ipb- Xmw. Cuix ]o- IrX alm- `q-
Xteim\mZmb hyjvSnkajvSym-Iqe ico-
cmWn bYm- {I- a- a- I- tcm- Xv . I]m- e- Nm{m
kvXnamwk-\- Jm\n ]rYn hywimx-c- aq{Xem- em-
tkz - Zm- Zn - I- aw- _z mwimx Ima- t{ Im- [m- Ztbm
thymamwimx qXv XrjvtWmjvW taml- ssaYp
\mZymx Aywimx {]NmctWmmcW- izmkZnImx
hmbvhwimx Ima-t{Im-[mZtbm thymawimx GXZv
kwLmXw IWn knXw XzKmZn bpw
_mem-Zy-h- m- `n- am- \m- kv]Zw _lp- tZmjm{ibw
qe-icocw `hXn.
bm- hev Iy- t\mSv ss]wKe aljn hopw
tNmZnp: ""Fm temIns krjvSnnX kwlmc
Imhmb Cuizc F- s\bmWv Poh`mKs {]m]n
pXv?''. bm- hevIy ]dp: qew kqvaw
ImcWw Fv aqphn[nep ico-c- fpsS D-h
tmsSmw Pothizc kzcq]- sf hnthN\w sNbvXv
]dp Xcmw. Cuizc ]o-IrXamb alm`qX-fpsS
Awi-saSpv hyjvSnbpsSbpw kajvSnbpsSbpw qei
coc krjv Snp. Xetbmn, sXmen, IpSepI, An,
amwkw, \Jw Chsbmw ]rYznbpsS AwifmWv . cw
aq{Xw Dan\ocv hnbv apXembh Pemwi-fmWv . hni
v, Zmlw, Djv Ww, tamlw, aYp\w Fnh AnbpsS
Awi-- fm-Wv . \S- p-I, Fgptp-I, Ccn- p-I,
izmtkmzmkw sNpI apXembh hmbphns Awi- -
fmWv. Imat{Im[mZnI BImimwkfmWv. Cs\ Cu
qei- cocw ChbpsSsbmw kwLmXw sImpw I
sImpw \nnXamWv. NmZnbpamb Cu
I K
N P
560
icocw _meymhmZn `mh\ItfmSp IqSnbXpw At\Iw
tZmj- \nd-- XpamWv.
2. AYm]-o- IrX alm`q-Xc-tPmw-i`m-K{Xb-k-a
jvSnXx- {]mW- a-krPXv . {]mWm- ]m\ hymt\mZm\
kam\mx {]mW-hrbx \mKIq IrI-ctZhZ
[\RvPbmx D]- {]mWmx lrZmk\\m`nIWvT
khmwKm\n m\m\n BImimZn ctPmKpW-Xp
cob `mtK\ It-{nb akrP-Xv. hmIv ]mWn
]mZ- hm- bq- ]- m- Xv . hrbx hN- \m- Zm- \- K- a\
hnkm- \- m- kv X- Zv hnjbmx Ghw `qX- k-
Xzmwi`mK- {X- b-k- a- jvSn- tXmxIc- Wm- a-kr- P- Xv .
Ax Ic- a- a- t\m- _pn Nn- lw. Imcm- kv XZv
hrbx im\nb kvacWm`nam\m\pkm\m
kv X- Zv hn- jbmx Kf- h- Z- \- \m- `n- lr- Z- b- {`q- a[yw
m\w `qXkXz Xpco-b-`mtK\ mt\{n-b- a
krPXv t{im{X Xz NqPnlzm{LmWmkvXZv hr
bx i_vZkv]i-cq]- ckKmkvX- Zznjbm ZnKv
hmXm- {]- tN- tXmiz n ho- \v Z- tcm- t]{
arXypImx Nt{m hnjvWp Xp h{x iw`p
Ic-Wm- [n]mx
]noSv A]- o-IrXamb alm`qXfpsS cPmwi
ns aqp `mK- - sf- Spv {]mWs\ krjv Snp.
{]mW A]m\ hym\ DZm\ kam\ Fnh
Apw {]amW- fpw \mKw, Iqw, IrIcw, tZhZw,
[\RvPbw Fnh D]-{]mW- - fpamIpp. lrZbw apJw
\m`n IWvTw Fo imcocnImwK-sfmw AhbpsS
m\- fmWv . BImimZn ]- alm`qX- fpsS NXp
`mKn \npw hmv, ssIbv, Imev, aeZzmcw, D]w
Fo It{nb- krjvSns- p. hN\w, Zmlw,
Ka\w, hnk\w, B\w Fnh bYm{Iaw ChbpsS
hnj- b--fmWv. AXpt]mse alm`qX-fpsS kXzmwi
ns aqp `mK- - fm AxIcWw krjvSns-p.
a\v _pn Nnw Al-mcw AxIcWw Fnh
AhbpsS hrnIfmIpp. kev]w, \nbw, kv ac
W, A`nam\w, A\pkm\w Fnh AhbpsS Imcy-
-fmWv. Igpv, apJw, s]mn, lrZbw, ]pcnI-
fpsS a[yw Fnh AhbpsS m\amWv. kXzmi- ns
NXp- `mKw sImv sNhn, sXmen, Iv, \mv, aqv
Fo mt\- {n- b- krjv Sn- - s- p. i_v Zw,
kv ]iw, cq]w, ckw, Kw Fnh AhbpsS hnjb
fmWv. ZnpI, hmbp, kqcy, hcpW, Aizn\o
tZh- m, An, C{, Dt]- {, arXyp, N{,
hnjvWp, {_mhv, iw`p Fnh Cu C{nb--fpsS
A[nh- m-cm- Ip-p.
3. AYmmab-{]mW-ab-at\mab hnm\abm\
abmx ]tImimx A{\tkss\h `pXzm A{\
tk\ A`nhrnw {]m]y A-cka- b- ]rYnhymw
bZzneo-btX tkm- ab-tImiwx XtZh qe ico-
cw. It-{nssbx kl {]mWmZn ]Iw {]mW-
ab-tImiwx mt\{nssbx kl _pnhnm
\ab tImix GXZv tImi- {Xbw enwK icocw kzcq
]- m\am\ab tImix XXv ImcW- i- cocw AY
mt\- {n b ]Iw It- {n b ]Iw
{]mWmZn ]Iw hnPbm- Zn]- -Iax IcW NXp
jvSbw Ima-IXamw-ky- jv S]pcw.
A-abw, {]mWabw, hnm\abw, B\abw
FnhbmWv ]-tImi. A ck-m ]pjvSn
{]m]npXpw ]rYznbn hnebw {]m]npXpamWv
Aab tImiw. AXp XsbmWv qeico- cw. It
{Xnb klnXamb Ap hn[nep {]mW-fmWv
{]mWab tImiw. mt\{nb klnXamb a\mWv
at\mab tImiw. Cu aqp tImifpw tNp- XmWv
enwK ico-cw. kzcq]- m-\amWv B\ab tImiw.
CXmWv ImcWy ico- cw. C{]-Imcw Av mt\{nb-
- fpw Ap It{nbfpw ]- {]mW- fpw ]`q
Xfpw \mev AxIcWfpw Imaw Iw AhnZy Fn
hbpw DsSp- XmWv ]pcpjvSIw Fp ]d-bpXv.
4. Cuimbm hncmtPm hrjvSn-tZlw {]hniy
_pna[njv Tm b hnizXzaK- a-Xv. hnm\mm
NnZm`mtkm hntizm hymhlmcntIm Pm{KXv qe
tZlm`nam\o I`qcnXn N hniz ky \ma `h
Xn, Cuimbm kq{Xmm hyjvSn kqva ico-
cw {]hniy a\ A[njv Tmb ssXP- kXza-K-a- Xv .
ssXPkx {]mXn- `m- knIx kz]v \- I- ev ]nX #nXn.
ssXP- kky \ma `h- Xn. Cui- bm amtbm
]m[n- c- hy- - k- a- ntXm hyjv Sn ImcW icocw
{]hniy {]m-XzaK-a-Xv. {]mtmhnnx ]mc
amnIx kpjp]vXy`n am\oXn {]mPvRky \ma
`hXn Ahyteimm\mmZnX ]mcamnI
Pohky XXzakym ZnhmIym\n {_ssW-IXmw.
PKpt\Xc tbmhymhlmcnI {]mXn`mknItbmx
AxIc-W-{]Xn_nw_nX ssNX\yw b-tZhm
hm{Xb-`mKv `hXn. k Pm{KXv kz]v\ kpjp
]vXyhmx {]m]y LSob {h ZpZzntm PmtXm
arX Ch ntXm `hXn.
Cuizc\nt-ia\pkcnv hyjvSnbn {]thin
tijw _pnbn \nhknpsImv hncmv hnizns
Ah {]m]np. hnm\mmhv, NnZm`mkw, hnizw
hymhlmcnIw, Pm{K- Xv, qe tZlm`nam\n I `qan
Chsbmw hnizns AwK- - fmWv. Cuizcs B-
bm kq{Xmmhv hyjvSnbpsS kqvatZl-n {]th
inp a\ns A[njvTm\n ssXPk- ambnop.
ssXPkw {]mXn`mknIw kz]v\ Iev]nXw Fnhsbmw
ssXPk- ns \ma- fmIpp. Cuizcm- bm amb
bpsS D]m[nbpamb Ahyw hrjvSnbpsS ImcW
ico-cn {]thinv {]mambn {]mw Ahnn
I K
N P
561
w, ]mcamnIw, kpjp]vXnbpsS A`nam\n Fnh
{]m- ns \ma- - fm- Wv . ]mc- amnI Poh
Ahy cq]- n Am\m BhrXambncnp
p. AXv {_ns Awiw Xs. "Xzakn' apX
emb hmIy--fm AXv knamWv. Fm hymhlm
cnIw AYhm {]mXn`mknIamb Awiw {_hpambn C-
s\bp sFIys {]m]npn. AxIcWn
{]Xn_nw_nXambncnp ssNX\yw XsbmWv Pm{K-
v, kz]v\w, kpjp]vXn Fo aqp AhIsfbpw
{]m]npXv ssNX\yw XsbmWv. Cu aqv Ah
I {]m]nv LSnb{w t]mse DW-cpIbpw arX {]mb-
amhpIbpw sNp- Xv.
5. AY Pm{KXv kz]v\ kpjp]vXn aqm acWm
Zyhm ]`h-n. XthXm{K- lm\znssXx
t{im{XmZn- mt\{nssbx i_vZm- Zy-hnj-b- {K-
l- W- m\w Pm{K-Zhm `h-Xn. X{X `qa[yw
KtXm Pohx B]mZakvXIw hym]y Irjn{i- hWm
ZyJne{InbmIm `hXn. Xv^- e`pIv N `h
Xn. temIm- - c- KX; ImPn- X- ^ew k Gh
`pMvt, k kmh`u-ahXv hyhlmcmXv {imtm
`h\w {]thjvSpw am-am{inXy XnjvTXn.
Av AhI Dsv ]d- b-s- Spp. Ah
Pm{K- v, kz]v\w, kpjp]vXn, aq, acWw Fnhbm
Wv. t{im{Xw t\{Xw XpSnb mt\{nb- AXm
Xns tZhmcpsS intbmSpIqSn hnj- b-sf {Kln
p AhbmWv Pm{K- v. Atm Poh ]pcnI
-fpsS at[y \nhknpp. Fm Imep apX Xe
hsc kIe ico- cnepw hym]nncnpIbpw Irjn
apX {ihWw hsc AXmbXv mt\{nb- -fpsSbpw
It{nb--fpsSbpw Fm Ifpw sNpIbpw
AhbpsS ^ew A\p`-hnpIbpw sNpp. Cu I
- fpsS ^ew Ah\v ]ctemIpw A\p`hntn hcp
pv. Ah Hcp kmh`u-as\tmse kmwkmcnI
Imcy- sNbvXp oWnv Dnep hn{ia m\
tp t]mIm B{K- lnt amw B{i- bnv Ign
pIqSpp.
6. Ic- tWm- ]- cta Pm{ KXv kwkv Im- tcm
{]t_m[hXv {Kmly- {Km- l- I- cq- ]- kv ^p- cWw
kz]v\mhm `hXn. X{X hniz Gh Pm{KXv hyh
lmc tem]mmUo a[yw NcwkvssXPkXzahym
]ym- hm- k- \m- cq- ]Iw PKZv sshNn{Xyw kz`mkm
`mkb btX]vknXw kzbw `pMvt. NnssI
Ic- Wm- kp- jp- ]v Xy- hm `h- Xn . {`ahn {im
iIp\nx ]u kwlrXy \oUm- `n- apJw bYm
KXn XYm Pothm ]n Pm{KXv kz]v\ {]]- R
AtN hyh- lrXy {imtm- m\w {]hniy
kz\w `pMvt.
C{nb- AhbpsS I]- cn]mSn Ahkm\nn
ptm Pm{K- Zhbnse kwkvImc- fn {KmKy{Km
l-Icq]-nepmIp kv^pcW- amWv kz]v\mh. B
Ahbn hnizsap t]cp Poh Pm{K- Zh
bnse hyhlmcw CmXmn \mUo- a[y-n ssXPk
`mhw {]m]npp. AXv AXns hmk\m\pkcaw A`ym
km hnNn{Xamb Hcp PKv \nnv tkzb-\p
kcnv AXns\ A\p`hnp kpjp]vXnbn Nnw
XsbmWv Hcp ImcWw. ]n ]dv oWnv Nnd- sI
msamXpn Xs Iqntev t]mIpXpt]mse Poh
Pm{KXv kz]v\ {]]- fm oWnp Am\n
s]v B\a- Sbpp.
7. AIkv ampZvK- cZWvUmss{KkvXmUn XhXv `bm
m\m`ymw C{n- b- kwLmssXx I\znh-ar-X-
Xpeym aqm `h- Xn. Pm{KXv kz]v\- kp- jp]vXn
aqOmhm\ma\ym B {_mZnkv Xw_]cyw
khPo-h-`-b-{]Zm qetZ-l-hnkP\o ac-Wm
hm `hXn. It-{nbmWn mt\{nbmWn
XZv hnj-bm {]mWm kwlrXy ImaIm
\znX AhnZym`qXthjnTntXm Pothm tZlmcw
{]m]ytemImcw KXn. {]m^e ]mtI\m
hm- - c- Io- S- hZv hn {imnw ss\h- K- - Xn .
kXv I- ]- cn- ]m- ItXm _lp\mw P\m at
\rWmw tamtm Pmb- tX. XZm kZv Kpcp
am{in Xy Nn c- Ime tkhbm _w tamw
InXv {]bmXn. AhnNmcIrtXm _tm hnNm
cm tamtm `hXn. XkvamXv kZmhnNmctb-Xv
A[ymtcm]m]-hmZXx kzcq]w \nbo Ipw
iIy- tX. XkvamXv kZm hnNmctb-Koh ]c
amt\m Poh`mK- PKZv `mh_mt[ {]XyK`nw
{_ss-hminjyX CXn.
Dtinm L-n hSnsImtm NmsImtm
ASntb hynsbtmse `bmepw Am\mepw
BcpsS Fm C{nb- - fpamtam hndpsImncnpXv
A-s\bp acWXpeymhbmWv aq. Pm{KXv
kz]v \ kpjp]vXn aqIpw `n-amb AhbmWv
WcWw AXns\ IoSw apX {_mhp hsc `b-s- Sp
p. BtXmsS qetZl- n\v \miw kw`-hnpp.
B L-n It{nb mt\{nb Xm
{XI, {]mW Fnhsb Fmw kev ]nv ImaI
ka\znXamb Poh AhnZybm BthjvSnXambn A\y
tZls {]m]nv ]ctemIntev t]mIpp. ]qh
Pm PnX-fmb I^- e A\p`hnpXn
apgpInbncnp- XpsImv AXv Npgnbn s] IoSs
tmse imn tNcpn. kXvI-fpsS ]cn]mI
m At\Iw P- ptijw a\pjy-`mh\ tam
am-ntev Xncnbptm GsXnepw Hcp Da Kpcp
hns\ B{i-bnv NncImew Atls tkhnv _
I K
N P
562
\hnap\mbn tamw {]m]npp. AhnNmcm
_hw kphnNmcm tamhpw e`npp. AXn
\m kZm D-ahnNmctmSp IqSnbncnpI. A[bm
tcm]w A]-hmZw Fnhbm kzcq]w \nbnm
km[npw. Cs\ PKv Poh FnhbpsSbpw
Poh Cuizc FnhbpsSbpw Poh`mhsbpw PKXv
`mhsbpw \ncmIcnm Xs {]XyKmmhn \npw
A`n-amb tIheamb {_w am{Xw _mn F \ne
bnsepp.
aqm a [ymbw
1. AY ssl\w ss]w Kex ]{]- bm-hevIyw
alm- hm- Iy- hn- h- c- W- a- \p- {_q- lo- Xn. ktlm- hmN
bm-hevIykvXXzakn Xzw XZkn Xzw {_m
kylw {_mkvao-Xy- \pkm\w IpcymXv. X{X
]tcm- y- i- _ex kh Xz m- Zn - e- tWm
amtbm- ]m- [nx kn- Zm- \ etWm PK- tZym\n
kvXXv]- ZhmtNym `hXn. k Ghmx IcWmkw
`n- t_mt[m kvaXv {]Xym-h-ew-_-\kv Xzw ]Z-
hmtNym `hXn. ]cPo- thm]m[nambmhntZy hnlmb
XXzw ]Z- eyw {]Xy- K- `nw {_-X- z- a- ko-
Xylw {_mkv aoXn hmIymhnNmcx{i-hWw
`hXn . GIm- t\ {ih- Wmm- \p- k- m\w
a\\w `hXn. {ihW a\\ \nhnNnIntt
hkvXpt\y IXm\h-bm tNXx-m-]\m \nZn
[ymk\w `hXn [ymXr[ymt\hnlmb \nhmXkvXn
X- Zo- ]- hty ssbI tKmNcw Nnw kam- [n
`-h- Xn.
bmhevIy-t\mSv hopw ss]Ke tNmZnp:
""F\nv alm hmIy-fpsS `mhmw a\nemn-
mepw'', bmhevIy ]dp: ""XXzakn'' AXv \obm
Wv. "Xzw XZkn' AXv \obmWv, "Xzw {_mkn' \o
{_amWv, Alw {_mkv an' Rm {_amWv. Ch
bmWv B almhmIy- . Chsb-n NnntXp
v. Xzako F-Xn "XXv ' F ]Zw sImv kh
-XmZn e- W- bphpw amb- bpsS D]m[n bphpw
knZm\ kzcq]hpw PKns aqem\hpw Ahy-
hpamb Cuizcs t_m[w e`npp. AxIcW-
ns D]m[nImcWw AtX Cuizc Xs. `nXm
t_m[m "Xzw' F ]Zw aptJ-\bpw {]ISnns
Smhp-Xmav. Ch Dt]- nm "XXv' "Xzw' Fo ]Z-
fpsS Bibw {]Xy-Kmmhn \npw A`n- amb {_
amsWv knnpp. C{]-Imcw Xzakn Alw
{_mkv an FnhbpsS hmIym hnNmc{i-hWw \S
pp. GImencpv Cu almhmIy--fpsS
Aw NnnpI F-XmWv a\\w. {ihW a\\
sImv A-kzcq] hkvXphn GIm{K- XtbmsS
Nnw m]npIbmWv \nZn[ymk\w. [ymXr[ym\`m
h ssIhnv tIhew a[ynep Nn hrn Imn
mnSs Zo]w t]mse ncambncnpw. kam[n F
Ah A- s\bp-XmWv .
2. XZm- \o- am- - tKm- Ncm hrbx kap- n Xm
AmXm `hn Xmx kvacWmZ\pao-bt Clm
\mZn kwkmtc kwNnXmx I- tIm- S- tbmt\
ss\h hnebw bmn AtXm`ymk]m- S- hmXv
kl{iix kZm Aar- X- [mcm hj- n. AtXm
tbmK- hn- amx kam[n w [- taLw {]mlpx
hmk\m Pmtem \nx tijaap\m {]hn- em-]ntX
I k- tb, ]pWy- ]mt] kap- tem- q- entX
{]mIv ]tcm- a]n IcXemaeIhnZzmIy a {]Xn
_-m- ]-tcmkmmXv Imcw {]kq- btX XZm
Pohptm `hXn.
B L- n hrnI BmImchpw AtKmNc
hpambno-cpp. kv arXn sImpam{Xta Ahsb-n
A\pam\nm km[npIbpq. Cu Ah hp
tNm temIn A\mZnImew apX k-bnn
p tImSm\tImSn I \jv Sambno-cpp. AXn
\ptijw A`ymk ]mShw t\Sngnm AarXns
kl- {k-[mcI hjnp {]XoXnbpmIpp. AXp
sImmWv tbmKadnbp- h kam[nsb [taL-sav
]d-bp- Xv. C- s\bp kam[nbn kIe hmk\Ifpw
\ntjw \inpp. ]m]Ifpw ]pWyIfpw
kaqew \jvSambn `hnpp. Atm Xzakn F
]Zns Bibw IcXew aeIw t]mse \n _m[w
kv ]jvSambn a\nemm Ignbpp. AXns ^e
ambn {_ kmmXvmcw e`np tbmKn Pohp\m
Ip-p.
3. ]o-IrXalm`q-Xkw`h IknX qe-
tZlx I- bmXv kXv I ]cn]mItXm A]-
o-IcWw {]m]y kqvtassW Io`qXzm Imc
W-cq]- XzamkmZy XXv IcWw IqSt {]XymKm
\n hneo- b-t. hnizssXPk {]mmx kzkz
]m- [n- e- bmXv {]Xy- Km- \n eob- t. AWv Uw
PvRm\mn\m ZKv[w ImcssWx kl ]cam\n
eo\w `hXn. XtXm {_mWx kamlntXm `qXzm
XXzw ]ssZIy- tah kZm IpcymXv. XtXm taL-
]mtb Awipam\nh Bm Bhn`hXn.
]IrX-fmb alm `qX-fm \nnXhpw
knX I e`n qe ico-chpw _\Imcn
Ifmb I bnp t]mb-XpsImv kXvI
]cn]mIw sImpw A]-o-IrX-ambn kqv an
ebnv ImcW- cq]s {]m]npp. ]noSv AXv Imc
W- n\pw ImcWamb IqS\mb {]XymKmmhn ebn
pp. hnizw ssXPkw {]mw Fnhbpw D]m[n
\mim {]XyKmmhn ebnpp. {_mmWv Uw
I K
N P
563
AXns\ ImcWamIp AhnZy- tbmsSmw m\mn
bn `kvao-Icnv ]cammhn ebnpp. Cs\
{_m\n kamlnX `mth\ kZm XXv Xzw Fo
cp ]Zsf GIo-Icnp-sIm-ncnWw. Cs\
sNbvXm taL amdptm kqcy {]Iminp-
Xpt]mse B kmmXvImcw e`npp.
5. [ymXzm a[y- amm\w
Ieimc Zo]- hXv
AwKpjvTam{X-amm-\
a[patPymXn cq]Iw
6. {]Imib aw[ymtbXv IqSahybw
[ym\b-mkvtX ap\nss-hNmkp ]vtXcm artX
kvXp bx
7. Pohpx k hntbx
k [\yx IrXIrXyhm
Pohp]Zw Xyzm
tkztZtl ImekmXv IrtX
hni-Xy- tZl- ap-Xzw
]ht\m kv]Xmanh
8. Ai-_vZkv]i-acq]- a-hybw
XYmckw \nXyaKhbXv
A\mZy- \w alXx ]cw {[phw.
XtZh injy- Xyaew \ncmabw CXn.
IpS- n- \- I- n- cn- p hnf- p- t]mse Dn
nXnsNp {]Imi- bp\pw IqS\pw Ahy- b-\p
amb Bmhns\ Dd-p kabw hscbpw kZm ka
bpw [ym\np m\nsb Pohps\v a\n
em- Ww. Ah [\y\mWv; IrXrIy\mWv. Pohpm
h e`nXn\ptijw Ah Cu tZlw shSnv hntZ
lmhsb {]m]nWw. ]ns i_vZkv ]i cq] ck
KclnXhpw Ahy-bhpw \nXy-hpamb {_w Xs
bmWv Ahti-jnp- Xv .
\mema [ymbw
1. AY ssl\w ss]wKex ]{]- . bm-hevIyw
m\n\x Inw I; Im N nXn- cn- X. k
tlmhmN bm-hevIyx Aam\nXzmZn ktm
apapp tcIhnwiXn Ipew Xmcb-Xn. {_hn
amt{XW IpetatImc iXw Xmcb-Xn.
2. Bm\w cYn\w hnn
icocw cYtahN
_pnw Xp kmcYnw hnn
a\x {]{K- l- tah N
3. C{nbmWn lbm \mlp
gn,bmw kvtXjp tKmNcm
PwK-am\n hnam\m\n
lrZbm\n a\o-jnWx
4. Bt{nb- at\mbpw
t`mXymlp aljbx
XtXm \mcmbWx kmmXv
lrZtb kp{]- Xnjv TnXx
bm hevIyt\mSv ss]wKealjn hopw tNmZn
p. ""PvRm\nIfpsS Ifpw AhcpsS nXnbpw
FmWv ?'' bmhevIy adp]Sn sImSpp.
4. apapp Aam\nXzmZn km[\ k- - cmWv. Ah
X-fpsS Ccp]n Hv XeapdIsf XcWw sNnp
p. {_s Adnp Ignm \qn Hv Xeapd
Isf Ac ISpp. Cu BmhmIp cYn ico-c
amIp cYn _pnbmIp kmcYnbm a\mIp
ISnm ]nSnnv C{nb- emIpp. Aizsf ]qn
hnj-bamIp am-n IqSn k-cnpp. Fm
_pnams lrZbw Chbn \nsmw AIv hnam\
ns\mw s]mpp. almmfmb aljnamcpsS
A`n{]mb-{]- Imwc Cu Bmhv C{nbw a\v Fnh
tbmSp IqSnbncnpXmbn t`mmhmbno- cpp. lrZ
bn kmm `K-hm \mcmbW IpSnsImpp.
5. {]mc_v[ I ]cy
aln\ntmIhXv hyhlmcXn
N{ hctX tZlo
k apm\n tIX\x
6. Xot- iz]- NtK-tlhm
X\pw hnlmb-bmXn
ssIheyw {]mWm\hIocy
bmXn ssIheyw
7. Xw ]mZv ZnKv_enw Ipcym
ZYhm J\\w NtcXv
]pwkx {]{hP\w t{]mw
t\Xcmb IZmN\
8. \miuNw \mnImcyw N
\ ]nWvUw t\mZI{Inbm
\ IpcymXv ]mhWmZo\n
{_`qXmb `nth
9. ZKv[ky Zl\w \mkvXn
]Izky ]N\w bYm
m\m-nZKv [-tZlky
\ N {imw \ N {Inbm
I K
N P
564
]mv ]pd ampXpt]mse Poh {]mc_v[
Iw Ahkm\np- Xphsc A\y-tZlw [cnpsIm
ncnpp. Fm N{s\-tmse I-b-n
tep t]mIptm Ah ap-mcmbn Xocpp. C-
s\bp tbmKn Xo- kv \m\tm NWvUmeKrl
ntem shv acnp sIm-s. Ah kZm tamw
{]m]npp. Ahs icocw Imn Dt]- npItbm
an\Snbn IpgnnSpItbm sNbvXpsIm-s. Fmw
Xpey-amWv . Cu hn[n k\ymknamv am{XamWv, ap-
h. {_`q- X\mb k\ymknv iuNtam AnIm
cytam ]nWv U{Inbtbm DZI{Inbtbm Nm{mb-W- {hXtam
Bhiy-an. ZlnXn\v Zl\hpw ]mIw hXn\v ]gp
nepw A\mh-iy-amWtm AXpt]mse m\mn
bn Zln tZlnIv {im Itfm {InbmI
tfm Bhiyan.
10. bmhtm]m[n ]cyw
XmhXv ip{iqj-tbXv Kpcpw
KpcphXv Kpcp `mcymbmw
XXv ]pt{Xjp N h h\w.
ipam\kx ip Nn{Zq]x klnjvWpx tkml
akv an kln jv Wpx tkml- a- kv aoXn {]m]v tX
mt\\ hnmt\ ttb ]cam\n lrZn
kwntX tZtl e_v[imn ]Zw KtX XZm
{]_mat\m_pn iq\yw `hXn. AartX\ Xr]vX
ky ]bmkm Inw {]tbmP\w? Ghw kzmm\w
mXzm thssZx {]tbmP\w Inw `hXn? m\m
arX Xr]vXtbmKnt\m \ InnXv IhyakvXn.
XZkvXn tN k XXzhanZv `hXn. Zqctm]n
\ Zqcx ]n Wv U hPn Xx ]n Wv U- tm
{]XymKmm khhym]o `hXn.
11. lrZbw \new IrXzm NnbnXzm ]y\mabw
Al- tah ]cw kh
anXn ]tiyXv ]cw kpJw
12. bYm Pte Pew n]vXw
otc ocw LrtX LrXw
Ahntitjm `thZz
nhm ]cammt\mx
{]]nsXmb D]m[nv \miw kw`-hnp
Xphsc Kpcphns\ ip{iqjnWw. Kpcp-hns\tmse
Xs Kpcp]-Xv \nsbbpw Kpcp-]p{Xmscbpw IcpXWw.
Rm ipam\k\mWv. Rm ip ssNX\y kzcq]-
\m- Wv . Rm kln- jv Wp- hm- Wv . Rm XsbmWv
klnjv Wp Fp mt\m- Zbw Dm- Iptm
m\m\p`- hm tb- amIp ]cammhv lrZb-
n icnv BcqV- amIptm, icocw imnbp-am
Iptm, km[I at\m_pnclnXamb ssNX\yambn
`hnpp. AarXw IpSnv Xr]vX\mb- h\v ]mepsImv
Fp {]tbmP\w? AXpt]mse B-m\w ssIh
cnh\v thZ sImv {]tbmP\an. m\marX
Xr]v X\mb tbmKnv bmsXmcp Ihyhpw Ahti-jn
pn. Ahti- jnpsn Abm ]q m\n
b. Ah ZqscbmsW- nepw kao- ]-amWv. ]nWv Un
hknmepw ]nWvUn \npw `n- amb khhym]n
bmb {]XymKmmWv. lrZbw ]cnipamn A\mab
{_s Nnnv ""Rm XsbmWv khcq]- amb
{_w'' Rm XsbmWv ]cakpJ kzcq]w Fv a\
nemWw. Pen Pew tNmepw s\n s\v
tNmepw ]men ]mep tNmepw Ah GIcq]-
ambnXocpXpt]mse Pohm]-camm- fpsS kwtbm
K-n\p tijw Ah Xn bmsXmcp hyXymkhpw C.
13. tZtl mt\\ Zo]ntX _pnc JWvUmImc
cq]m bZm `hXn XZm hnZzm {_m\mn\m
I _w
\n ZtlXv
14. XXx ]hn{Xw ]cta-izcmJymassZzXcq]w
hnaemw_-cm`w
btYmZtI tXmb-a\p{]hnjvSw
XYm cqt]m \ncp]m[nkwnXx
15. BImihXv kqva icoc Bm
\ ZriytX hmbpx hZcmm
\ _mly- a`y- c \njvNemm
mt\mevbm ]iyXn Nmcmm
16. b{X b{X artXm m\o
tb\ hm tI\ arXyp\m
bYm khKXw thyma
X{X X{X ebw KXx
17. LSmImi- an-hmm\w
hnebw thn XXzXx
k KXn \ncmew_w
m\mtemIw kaXx
m\m tZlm`nam\w \inpIbpw _pn
AJ- WvUmImcambno- cpIbpw sNptm _pnam
m\mnbm I_- `kvaampp. ]ns
Ah hnae hkv{Xw t]mse hnip\mbn AssZzX
{_s {]m]nv shw ap sh-hpambn tNv
A`namIp- Xpt]mse kzw kXycq]-n \nesIm
pp. Bmhv BImiw t]mse kqvahpw hmbp
t]mse AZriyhpw BWv. AXv _mlym`y-c \n
ehpw tIhem\amIp ^evbm am{Xw ImWm
I K
N P
565
km[npXpamWv. m\n FhnsSsb- nepw F-s\
sbnepw acns, Ah {_mhpambn tNcpp. BImiw
t]mse {_hpw kh hym]nbmWv. LSmImiw BImi-
n tNncnp- Xpt]mse Xs bYm XXzw a\
nemp tbmKn Fm `mKp\npw \ncmew_hpw
m\kzcq]-hpamb {_s Ahew_npp .
18. Xt]- Zzj kl{kmWn
GI]mZ ntXm \cx
GXky [ym\tbm Kky
Iemw \mln tjmUinw
19. CZw m\anZw tbw
XXv khw mXpan-Xw
A]n hj- kl- {kmbpx
imkv{Xmw \m[nK- Xn
20. hnt-tbm-cXmt{Xm
PohnXw hmNn Neo
hnlmb imkv {XPem\n
bXyw XZp]mkyXmw
21. A\I iu]N
Pt]m b kvXssYh N
Xo-bm{Xm`n-K-a\w
bmhXzw \ hnXn
22. Alw {_tXn \nbXw
tam tlXp alm\mw
tZz ]tZ _ tammb
\ ataXn ataXn N
Hmen \npsImv Hcm Bbncw hjw
X]p sNbvXmepw AXv [ym\tbmK- ns ]Xn\mdn
semcwin\pw XpeyamIn. Hcm kIem\t-
b- fpw Adn- b- W- sa- m{K- ln- m Bbncw hjw
imkv{Xm`ymkw sNbvXmepw AXns Ahkm\w ImWm
s\mn. AXpsImv Adntb- Xv tIhew GImc
{_w Xs. kXy-saXmWv a\pjy PohnXw N-e
amWv . AXn\m imkv{X- fpsS hebn s]SmsX kXy
ambnpXns\ D]mknpIbmWmhiyw. ]eXcw iuNw,
P]w, bw, Xo- bm{X apXembhbpw XXz{]m]vXn
hsc am{Xta Dq. almmfpsS tam-n\m[mcw
""Rm {_amWv '' F t_m[w am{Xw _tam
p ImcWw cp ]Z-fmIpp. FtsXpw Fs
Xspw.
23. ataXn _[ytX Pp\n
\ntXn hnapNytX
a\tkm lyp- \o- `mth
ssZzXw ss\thm] e`ytX
bZm bmXyp\o `mh
kvXZm XXv ]caw ]Zw
24. b{X b{X at\mbmXn
X{X X{X ]cw ]Zw
b{X b{X ]cw {_
kh{X ka hnXwx
25. l\ympjvSn-`ncmImiw
p[mxJWvUtb pjw
\mlw {_tXn Pm\mXn
Xky apn\ PmbtX
_s FssX `mh\bm; tamw FsX
s `mh\bmepw. a\v D\o `mhw {]m]nptm
ssZzX`mhw \inpp. D\o `mh {]m]vXn XsbmWv
]ca ]Z{]m]v Xn. B Ahbn a\v FhnsSbmtWm
hknpXv AXp Xs ]ca]- Zw. AhnsSbpw Chn
sSbpw ncambncnpXv ]c{_w Xs. Hcp
BImi- tp t\mn ssI NpcppItbm AcnInm
thn Dan CSnpItbm sNpXv shdpsXbmW-tm.
AXpt]mse {_s AdnbmsX tam-n\p
bXv \w shdpsXbmWv.
24. b GX Zq] \njZw \nXy-a-[otX tkmn
]qtXm `hXn. k hmbp]qtXm `hXn. k BZnXy
]qtXm `hXn. k {_]qtXm `hXn. k hnjvWp
`qtXm `hXn. k cp{Z]qtXm `hXn. k {_ `qtXm
`hXn. k hnjvWp]qtXm `hXn. k cp{Z ]qtXm
`hXn. k kthjp Xotjp kvXtXm `hXn.
k kthjvT thtZjp A[otXm `hXn. k kh
thZ {hXNcymkp NcntXm `hXn. tXt\Xnlmk
]pcmWm\mw cp{ZmWmw iXkl{kmWn P]vXm\n
^em\n `hnx {]W-hm\mabpXw P]vXw `hXn.
Zi- ]p- jm Ztim- - cm ]p\m- Xn. k ]wn
]mht\m `h-Xn. k aml `h- Xn. {_- l-Xym-
kpcm]m\ kz- kv tXb-Kp-cp-X- ev ]-\-K- a\ XXv
kwtbmKn]mXtI`yx ]qtXm `hXn. XZzn jvtWmx
]caw ]Zw kZm ]iyn kqcbx Zohna Npcm
XXw XZzn {]mtkm hn]- Xythm PmKrhmwkx kan
tX hnjvtWmbXv ]caw ]Zw Hmw kXy- an-Xyp
]-\n- j- Xv .
Cu D]-\njv \nXyhpw hmbnph An,
hmbp, kqcy, {_m- hv , hnjv Wp, cp{ Z Fn-
hsctmse ]cnip\mbnocpp. Ah kh Xo-
- fnepw kv\m\w sNbvXhs\tmse Bbno- cpIbpw
kIe thZfpw Adn-h\mbno- cpIbpw sNpp.
I K
N P
566
Ah\v thZm\pIqe-fmb Fm {hX- fpsSbpw ^ew
Inpw. ]pcmtW-Xnlm-k-]-T-\-ns ^e-hpw ew
{]mhiyw cp{Z\maw P]nmep ^ehpw Inpp. ]Xn
\mbncw {]Whw P]np ^ew e`npXp IqSmsX
Ahs Ign ]v XeapdIfpw hcm t]mIp
]p XeapdIfpw ipamIpp. Aht\msSmw Ccn
p-hcpw ipcmIpp. Ah alm-mhmIpXp
IqSmsX {_lXy kpcm]m\w, kztamjWw Kpcp
]calwtkm]\njv
1
3
imn ]mTw
Hmw ]q aZx ]q anZw ]qmXv ]q
ap Z NytX ]qky ]q am Zmb ]q ta hm
hinjytX. Hmw imnx imnx imnx
CXv (]c{_w) ]qamIpp. CXv (Cu ZriyP K
v) ]qamIpp. ]q n \npw ]qapmIp
p. ]qn \nv ]qw FSpepw ]qw Xs
Ahtijnpp.
lcn Hmw AY tbmKn\mw ]c a lw km\mw
tImbw amm kvtXjmw Im nXncnXn \mctZm
`Khapt]tXymhmN. Xw `Khm\ml, tbmbw ]c
a lw k amtm temtIjp Zpe ` Xtcm \ Xp
_mlp teym btZytIm `hXn k Gh \n Xy
]qXx k Gh thZ ]pcpj CXn hnZptjm
a\yt alm]pcptjm bnw XXv khZm at
hmhXnjvTtX XkvamZlw N Xkvanthmho
btX Aku kzan {X I f {X _ z m Zo in Jm
btm ] aotX kzm[ymbw N kh IamWn
kw\ykymbw {_mw N lnXzmIu]o\w Z
ammZ\ N kzicoct`mKmmb N temItkym
]Imcmmb N ]cn {KtlXv. X\ aptJym f
kvXn tImbw apJy CXn tNZbw apJyx
\mcZ aljn {_mhns ASpsn ]dp:
tbmKnamcn ]c alwk Zo kzoIcnnp hs amw
FmWv? Ahs nXn s#mWv? CXp tIv `Khm
{_mhv ]dp: ]calwkamw temIn hfsc
Zpe`amWv , ITn\ hpamWv . AXpsImv Ah kwJybn
A[nIan. ]calwkcmb k\ymkn am Htm ctm
am{Xta ImWpIbpq. Ah AXyw ]cnipcmWv.
Ah XsbmWv thZ ]pcpjm. CXv hnZzXv kX am
Wv. C s\ bp alm]pcpjmcpsS Nnw kZm Fn
Xs ebnncnpp. Rm Ahcnepw nXn sNpp.
k\ymkw kzoIcn h ]p{X an {XIf {XmZnIsfbpw ]qWp
\q IpSpathZ]T\w ]eXcnep ss\jvTnImNmc
Chsbmw Dt]nv Iu]o\w Zw ]pXv
Fnh am{Xw icoc cp thnbpw [cnpp. AXpw
{][m\a. Atm apJyamb Zo FmWv ?
2. \ Zw \ inJmw \ btm]hoXw \Nm
mZ\w NcXn ]calwtkm \ ioXw \ tNmjvWw
\ kpJw \ ZpxJw \ am\mhamt\ \ jUqan
hPm \nm Kh a c Zw ` Ztm tZzj kp
JZpxJImat{Im[tem`taml ljmkqbml mcm
Zow lnXzm kzh]px IpW]anh ZriytX bX
kv X Zz ]p c ] [z kv Xw kwi b hn ] cotX anYym
m\m\mw tbm tlXpkv tX\ \nXy \nhr
kvXn Xyt_m[kv XXv kzb ta hmh n XnkvXw
imaeaZz bm\ hnm \L\ GhmkvanXtZh
a ]ca[ma XtZh inJmN XtZthm]hoXw N ]c
am t\mtcIXzmt\\ Xtbmt`Z Gh hn`x
km kym
]calwks apJy Zosb n ]dbmw. Ah
Ztam inJtbm btm]hoXtam GsXnepw Xcw
hkv{Xtam kqnm ]mSn. iotXmjv WkpJZpxJam
\mham\mZn I ssIhnSph\mIWw \n, Khw, a
cw, Zw`w, Zw, C, tZzjw, kpJw, ZpxJw, Imaw, t{Im[w,
X-ev ]-K-a\w XpS- nb alm-]m-]- sNbvX- hcpsS
kwkw sImpmIp ]m]n\npw hnap
\mIpp. IpIfn BImiw apgph ImWs- Sp-
Xpt]mse B m\n hnjvWp ]mZsf kv]jvSambn
ImWpp. Ah PmKrX\mbn hnjvWp ]Zw kv XpXnv
AXns\ {]`ab-ampp. Cu D]-\njv kXy-kzcq]-
amIp-p.
ss]wKtem]-\njv kam]np.
Q
I K
N P
567
tem`w, tamlw, ljw, Akqb, Almcw Fnhbp
ambn Ahs\mcp _hpw ]mSn. Ah kzicocs
ihw t]mse IcpXpw. Ah\v kwibtam anYymm\tam
C. kXym\kzcq]\mWh. {]]nse Hcp
hkvXphn s\bpw B{ibnmsX Ah Bkzcq]
n nXn sNpp. Ah im\pw ANe\pw
AZz bm\\pw hnm\L\kz cq]\pamIpp. Cu
kzcq]w XsbmWv Fs ]ca[mahpw inJbpw btm
]hoXhpw Fmw. Ah kIeXpw kam\ ZrntbmsS
honpp.
3. khm Imam ]cn XyPy AssZztX ]c a
nXn m\Zm ZrtXm tb\ GIZo k
DNytX Imjv W Ztm ZrtXm tb\ khmio
m\ hPnXx XnXnmm\ sshcmKyiamZn
KpWhPnXx `nmamt{XW tbm PothXv k]m]o
bXn hrnlm k bmXn \cIm tLmcm alm
cuchkwP\n Xm.
]c a lw k\mb kw\ymkn Fm B{K lfpw
shSnv AssZzXamb ]c{_kzcq]n nXn
sNpp. m\Z[c\mbXn\m Abmsf Zn
Fv ]dbpp. Fm acwsImphSnbpambn kI
ehn[ BiIfpw a\n tNv PmRm\tat\y a
m\w sshcmKyw Cu KpWsampanmsX `nsImp
Pohnm\ptinp \Sp ]m]n k\ymk [s
hy`n Ncnn pp. C s\bp k\ymkn\ma [mcn bmb
]m]n tLmc amb cuch \cIn hogpp.
4. CZ a cw mXzm k ]c a lwk Bimw
_tcm \ \akvImtcm \ kzm[mItcm \ \nm \
kv XnXnbm Zr ntIm `thZv `npx \mhm l\w
\hnP\w \ a{w \ [ym\w t\mhmk\w \N
eyw \m eyw \ ]rYMv \m]yY Krlw \\Xzw
\khw Nm\ntIXnXntch `npx kuhm
Zo\mw ss\h ]cn{KtlW temIw \mhtemIw N
_m[Ix Ix CXn tNZv _m[tIm f kv tXyh
bkv amZv `nplncWyw ctk\ Zrw N k{_
alm `th Zy kv amXv `n pln cWyw ctk\
kv ]rw tNXkx ]utkm `thZy kv amXv
`nplncWyw ctk\ {Kmlyw N k Blm
`thkvamZv `np lncWyw ctk\ \ Zrw
N kv]rw N \ {Kmlyw N kth Imam at\m
KXm hymht ZpxtJt\m Zznx kptJ\
kv]rlmXymtKm cmtK kh{X ip`mip`tbmc`n
kvt\tlm \ tZzn \ tamZw Nkthjman{n
bmWmw KXncq]catX b Bt\yhmhobtX
bXv ]qm\ssIt_m[kvXZv {_ss hml a
kvaoXn IrXIrtXym `hXn IrXIrtXym `hXn.
Cu Acw {Kln h\v Znp I Xs bmWv
hkv{Xw. \a kv Imcw kzw Zn\Ncy {]IrXn \n kv XpXn
CsXmpw Ah IWmpn. tkzt]mse k
cnp `nphmIpp. Bhml\ hnkP\ a{ Zn Isfm
pan. hn`n kam\ kXykh`mhmZnI kzoIcn n
. Xmaknm \nnX Krlan. _pn kpn c ambncn
pw. Ahv kzmZnI Bhiyan. bmsXmcp
hkvXphpw Ah\v BIjIambn tXmn . Ah\v Hp
{]Xn_a. ]calwk\mbn o tijw Ah
kzam{Klnm {_ lXyp Xpeyamb ]m]n \
[n Imcn bmIpw kz n sImXnbp `np Nmf
Xpey\mWv . Ah BmLmXnbmWv . ]calw k [\w
sXmSpI t]mepw AcpXv. C{]Imc ap k\ymknbpsS at\m
`nemj sfmw Ahkm\n pp. Ah\v ZpxJn `b
an. kpJn Xmev]cyan. cmKw shSnv ip`mip[
Nn bnmsX BtcmSpw tZzjw ]pemsX Bcpambpw
AXnkvt\lw hlnmsX Ignbpp. Ah Ahs
Bmhn Xs nXn sNWw. Xm ]qWAWm\
kzcq]\msWp AZzn Xob {_ amIWsapw Ah
IcpXpp. AXpsImv Ah IrXIrXy\mbn Ignbpp.
Ah XnIpw IrXIr Xy\mbn Pohnpp.
]c a lw tkm]\njv kam]n p.
Q
imn ]mTw
Hmw `{Zw It`nx irWpbma tZhm `{Zw
]tiyam`ncyP{Xmx nssccwssKkvXpphmw
kkvX\p`nhytia tZhlnXw bZmbpx kzkv Xn
\ Ct{m hr {ihmx kzkvXn \x ]qjm hniz
thZmx kz kv Xn \kv Xmtym Acn t\an x
]calwk]cn{hmPtIm]\njv
1
3
I K
N P
568
kzkv Xn t\m _rlkv]Xn Z[mXp Hmw imnx
imnx imnx
tZhmsc, R ImXpI sImv awKfw tIp
amdmItW. IpI sImv awKfw ImWtW. kpZrV
fmb AwK fmepw icocmepw \nsf kv XpXnp
sImp tZhm Rv \n bnnp Bbpp apgp
h\pw A\p`hns. almbikznbmb C{ Rv
awKfw \ItW. kh\mb ]qjm tZh R
p awKfw \ItW. ti \nhmc I\mb KcpU
Rv awKfw \ItW. _rl kv ]Xnbpw Rv
awKfa cpftW.
1. AY ]nXm alx kz]n X c am Zn \m cm b W ap ]
taXy {]Way ]{]_Kh, XzpJm Zzm{i
a[{Iaw khw {ipXw hnZnX ahKXw CZm\ow
]calw k]cn{hmPIeWw thZnXp anman. Ix
]cn{hP\m[nImco? IoZriw ]cn{hmPI eWw.
Ix ]calwkx? ]cn{hPIXzw IYw? XXv khw
ta {_qloXn k tlmhmN `Khm\mZn \mcmbWx
A\ cw ]nXmal kz]n Xmhmb BZn\mcmWs\
kao]nv \akv Icnv tNmZnp. `Khms\, AbpsS apJ
n \nv hm{ia[{Ia samw tIv a\ nemn.
Ctm ]c alwk]cn{hPI eWw tIm\m{Kln
pp. ]cn{hP\m[nImcn BcmWv? ]cn{hPIeW
sav? BcmWv ]calwk ]cn{hmPI AXns Ah
Fs\ AsXmw ]dbpI AXp tIv BZn\mcmW ]d
p.
2. kZvKpcpkaot] kIem hnZym]cn {iatm
`qXzm hnZzm khssalnImapjvanI kpJ{iaw
mXzm GjWm {Xb hm k \m {Xb aa Xzmlw
Imcm ZnIw ha \m anh tlb a [n Kay tam
amssIkm[t\m {_Ncyw kam]y Krlo`th
Xv, KrlmZm\o`qXzm {]{htPXv. bZn thXcYm {_
NcymtZh {]{htPXv KrlmZzm h\mZzm AY ]p\
c{hX hm {hXohm f kv\mXtIm hm kv\mXtIm
hm Dmnc\ ntIm hm bZltch hncmP
Z l tch {]{h tP ZnXn _pzm kh kw km
tcjp hnctm {_ Nmco Krlo hm\{]tm
hm ]nXcw amXcw If {X]p{X am]vX_p hw
XZ`mthinjyw klhmkn\w hm A\ptamZbnXzm
XZv ss[ytI{]mPm]Xymtathnw Iphn, XZp
XYm \ Ipcym Xv . Btbm tah Ip cymXv
Anln {]mWm {]mW ta ssh Xbm ItcmXn
ss{X[m X ho b tah IpcymXv GXssbh {Xtbm
[mXthm bZq XkXzw cP kvXa CXn Abw tX
tbm\n EXzn tPmbtXm PmtXm AtcmNYmx Xw
Pm\ Btcmlm[m t\m h[bm cbnw CXy
t\\ at{ Wm n am Pn t{LXv Gjhm At
tbm\nbx {]mWw Kkzmw tbm\nw Kkzm tl
tltXyh ssa ssh XZml
kZvKpcphns kao]w kIehn Zym]cn{ia \mbn
`hnv ]n \mbn o hyn CltemIsbpw ]c
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Wm{Xbw aaX Almcw Ch On ]Zmsatm
Ww \nys ap IcpXn tamn\v GIkm[ \amb {_
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Ww. B B{iaw ]qnbmn bXn\p tijw hm\{]w
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It\m Akv\mXIt\m An tlm{Xntbm Antlm{Xn b
m ht\m sshcmKyw tXmp ]w k\ymkw kzoI
cnmw. {]]hn c\mbn A, A, ]p{X, `mcy.
_p FnhtcmtSm Ahcnsn IqsS hncnp
htcmtSm injymtcmtSm kXw hm Ww. \nXyss\
ann bmZnIsfmpamhiyan. tIhew Btbn
am{Xw sNWw. An Xs {]mW An {]mWs
ImhmWv F a{ m A\pjvTm\w \nhln
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F Aw hcp \nn a { m BlpXn
sNmw.
3. {KmamXv t{im{XnbmKmcmXv An amlrXy kzhn
[yp {ItaW ]qh h Zn amPn t{LXv bZv y
Xptcm hmnw \ hntZ]vkp PplqbmXv Bt]m
ssh khmx tZhXmx khm t`ym tZ h Xmt`ym
Pptlman kzmtlXn lptXzm Zr Xy {]m iv \o bmXv
kmPyw lhn c \m abw Gj hn[n hocm [zt\
hm\mitI \m kw{] thti hmn {] thti hm
alm{]mt\ hm, b ZymXpcx kzma\km hmNm
hm k\ytktZj ]cx
{Kman Antlm{Xw sNp hcpsS Krl n
\npw AnsImp hv apIfn kqNnn hn[w
Ansb {LmWnWw. tcmKw hm[npItbm An
InmsX hcnItbm sNbvXm Pen tlma Iw \S
mw. khtZhcq]amWv Pew. CXn Fm tZhmpw
thn lh\w sNpp. Fw hcp \nn
a{w hn[n{]Imcw lh\w sNbvXv s\v tN lhnv
`nWw. CXv hocam hn[n bmWv. A\i\w kw{]
thi\w Asn alm{]m\w Chp thn bmW
Xv . tcmKnbmsWn a\p sImtm hmp sImtm
am{Xw k\ymkhn[n A\pjvTn m aXn.
4. kz {ItassWh tNZm {iw hncmPm
tlmaw IrXz m An am \y tcm]y euIn I
sshZnI kmayw kz NXpZiIcW {]hrnw
I K
N P
569
N ]pt{X kam]tcm]nX `mth intjyhx XZ `mth
kzt\yh hm {_m Xzw bkvXzanXn A`n
a{yw {_ `mh\bm [ymkmay{io {]thi
]qhI a]v kp kh hn Zym kzcq]mw {_
Wym[mcw thZamXcw {IamXvhymlrXnjvT {XnjvT
{]hnem]yhym lrXn {XbaImtcmImc aImtcjvT
{]hntem]yX h[mt\\m]x {]miy {]W th\
inJm arXvIrjybtm]hoXw OnXzm hkv{X
a]n `qau hm A]vkp hm hnkrPy Hmw `qx kzmlm
Hmw `phx kzmMm Hmw kphx kzmtMXyt\\ PmX
cq][tcm `qXzm kzw cq]w [ymb ]px ]rYIv
{]Wh hymlrXn ]qhIw a\km hN km]n
kw\rkvXw atbXn a{a[y Xmc [z\n kv{Xnhmc
X{Xn KpWoIrX t{]tjmmcWw IrXzm {]Wssh
I[ym\ ]cm bWx k`bw kh`qtX t`ymax
kzmtl Xyp[z _m lp`qXzm {_m l a kv ]nXn
Xp a kymZn hmIym kzcq ]m \p k m\w
IphpZoNnw ZniwKtXv PmX cq][ctcXv Gj
kw\ymkx
kz Nn\mbn Ah thhn[w B {imhpw
hocPmtlmahpw \SWw. Ansb Bmhnemtcm]nv
Xs IgnhpIfpw ]Xnmev IcW {]hrnIfpw ]p{X
\n Btcm]n Ww. ]p{X \nsn injy\ntem injy
\nsn Xs Bmhntem Btcm]nWw. ]ns
{_mXzw Fp XpSnb a{w sNmn {]mnv kmhn
{Xnbn {]thin Ww. thZamXmhns\ aqp hymlr Xn
Ifn ebnnv Pe]m\w sNmw. {]Wthmmc WtmsS
inJ sbbpw ]qWpens\bpw tOZn Ww. hkv{X `qan
bntem Pentem \nt]nv Hmw kzmlm `qx kzmlm F
a{m \\mbn kzcq][ym\w sNbvXv {]tXyIw
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sImpw hmp sImpw aqp XhW Rm k\ymkw
kzoIcnp. Fp ]Xps ]dp. {]Wh [ym\w sNbvXv
kIe`qXpw A`bw \In Du[z _mlphmbn
Rm {_amWv. AXp\obmWv . Fo almhmIyfps#
(Alw {_mkvan, XXzakn) Aw Nnnv hSpZn
pt\mn \S Ww. ip kzcq]n kcnWw.
CXmWv k\ymkw.
5. A[n Imcn \ `th ZyZn Krl {]m\m
]qh I a `bw kh `q tXt`ymx ax khw
{]htX kJm am tKm]mbuP kJm tbmko
{ky ht{Pmkn hm{XLv \w i ta`h bXv
]m]w Xn hmc tbXy t\\ at{W {]Wh
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kq{Xw Iu]o\w Iaepw hnhhkv{XtaIx
]cnKrly kZv Kpcpap]Kay\Xzw KpcpapJmXz
hkoXn almhmIyw {]Wh]qhIaq]e`y AY
Po hevemPn\w [rXzmY PemhXcW aq[z
Ka\ tatI `nmw lcnXyPy{XnImekv\m\amNc
thZm { i h W ]qhIw { ]W hm \p jv Tm\w
Iph {_amt kayIv k kzm`naXam
\n tlm ]bnXzm \ntam A[ym\n \njv T
Imat{Xm[ tem`aZamcy Zw`Zmlmckqbm
Kthm tZzj ljm aj a a Xzm Zow lnXzm
m\sshcmKybptm hnkv{Xo]cmMv apJx
ipam\kx kthm]\njZamtemNy {_
N cy ] cn {K l a lnwkm kXyw btcm\ c I
PntX{ntbm _lncx kv t\l hPntXm icoc
kmcWmw hm{Znjp htjp A`ni]vX
]XnX hPntXjp ]iqct{Zmln ssZamtWm
{_`qbmb `hXn kthjp Imtejp em`mem
t`ka\ IrXzmIc]m{Xam[qItcWw \m aiv\
tatZm hr n I a Iph Irio `qXzm {_m l a
kv aoXn `mh b Kphw {Kma ap t]Xy {[ph
iotemu amtkyImIn NtcZzmth hmNtcXv I.
{Kl A[n Im cn b m ]w kI e `q X
pw A`bw \In ktJm Fs _ew cnpI.
\o arXlmhmb C{s h{P amWv. \o F\nv imn
ZmbI\mIpI. Fs kh]m]fn \npw hnap
\mpI Fw hcp a{w P]nv tZmja apfhSn,
ISnkq{Xw, Iu]o\w, Iaep, Hcp Imjmbhkv{Xw Ch
tNv kZvKpcphns\ \akvIcnv XXzakn F alm
Imhyw {]WhklnXw kzmIcn Ww. ]ns ac hpcntbm
amtXmtem [cnv PemhXcWw apIfntev IbdpI. Htc
Krl n \np Xs `n kzoIcnpI. Ch ssIhnp
aqp t\chpw Ipfnv thZm[ymb \hpw {hXm\pjv Tm\hpw
ssIsmWw. B \nm]c \mbn Imat{Im[ \nb
{n Ww. Akqb, Khw, tZzjw, Aajw Fnh Dt]
nWw. Iman \oIm\ ]cmMv apJ\mIWw, D]\n j
Zw a\\w sN Ww. {_Ncyw A]cn {Klw, Alnw
k, kXyw Cbn {i sNep Ww. icoc cWmw
\nn Xcpw ]XnXcpamb hynIsfmgnv {Xnh en
s] hynIfn \npw arK t`Z`mKw IqSmsX
Blmcw kzoIcnp Xpt]mse `n kzoIcnmw. em`
\MM Xpeyambn IcpXWw. `nmhrnbpw Aev ]m
lmchpw F \nebn Ignb Ww. Fpamkw {Kmafn
`nmS\w sNbvXv GImIn bmbn kcnWw.
6. bZmew _pn `th Zm Ip So ]tImw hm
_lqZtIm hmlwtkm hm ]calwtkm hm X
{ ]qhIw ISn kq{Xw Iu]o\w Zw Ia
epw kha]vky hnkr Pv amYm PmX cq][ct
tcXv {]mssa Icm{Xw Xot{Xn cm{Xw ]t\
]cm{Xw tt{Xk]vXcm {Xa\ntIXx nca
Xncn tkhn \nhnImtcm am`mem`\ ka\ IrXzm
tKmhrXym ss`yamNc \pZIe Iaeqc
_m[Iclkyehmtkm \ ]p\ em`x ip`m
I K
N P
570
ip ` I \naq e \ ]cx kh{X `qXe ib\x
uc I ]cnXy tm bp NmXpmky {hX
\nbaip[ym\ ]cmbtWm Akv{Xo ]pcpj
]cmMvapJx A\ptm]yhZmNcW hy
enw tKm]ymNmtcm Znhm\ katXz \m kz]v\x
kzcq]m\pkm\ {_{hW h[ym\amtWm
hlnXw kw\ymtk\ tZlXymKw ItcmXn ]c a
lwk ]cn{hmPtIm `hXn
m\ e_v[nptijw ISn kq{Xw Iu]o\w Zw
Ia ep Fnhsbmw shn FdnmWv IpSn
NI\mbn, _lqZI\mbn, lwk\mbn, ]calwk\mbn,
ZnKw_c \mbn kcnWw. {Kman Hcp cm{Xn, Xo
n aqp cm{Xn, \Kc n Ap cm{Xn, t{Xn
Ggp cm{Xn, Cu {Ian\v Xmaknmw. KrlanmsX nc
Nn\mbn Antlm{Xw sNbvXv \nhnImc \mbn \nb a
\nba ]c XymKnbmbn em`mem`Nn IqSmsX {]mWc
Wn \nv tKmhrXym`nmS\w sNWw. GIm
m\v Xmakn Ww. shdpw \nev InS Ww. uc
Iw shSn b Ww. NmXpamky \nba sebpw {hX
sfbpw ssIhn tIhekmXznI[ym\ ]cmbW\mIWw
[\w kv {Xo ]p{X Chscn Nnn cpXv. m\w e`n
mepw D s\ tmse s]cpamdWw. Zn\ cm{X Xpey
amIbm ]c a lwk Ftmgpw Pm{KZh bn Xs
Ccnpp. Cs\ \nccw kzcq]km\tmSpw
{_ {] W h [ym \ tmSpw IqSn bp k\ymkw
ssIsmv tZl XymKw sNp h ]c a lwk]cn{hP
\mIp p.
7. `K h {_ { ]Whx IoZr ioXn {_m
]rXn ktlm hmN \mcm bWx {_ {]Whx
tjmUiam{XmIx tkmhm NXpb NXp
b tKm Ncx Pm{K Zh mbmw Pm{K ZmZn NXpt{km
Ah m kz]v t\ kz ]v \mZn NX t{ km hmx
kp jp ]v tXm kp jp ]v XyZn NX t{ km hm
kv Xpcotb Xpco bmZn NXt{km hm `hoXn
Pm{K Z h mbmw hnizky NXphn[ymw hniz
hntizm hnizssXPtkm hniy{]mtm hnizXp
cob CXn kz ]v \m h mbmw ssXP ky
NmXphn[yw ssXP k hn izkv ssX Pkkv ssX
Pk { ]mx { ]m { ]m kv Xp cob CXn
Xpcobm hmbmw Xpco bky NmXp hn[ymw
Xpcob hnizkvXpcob ssXPkkvXpcob {]m
kv Xpcob kvXpcob CXn tX {ItaW tjmUam
{XmcqVw.
`Khms\, {_{]Whw GXp hn[ nep XmWv
Fv {_mhv tNmZn tm \mcmb W ]dp: {_
{]Whw ]Xn\mdv am{XtN XmWv \meh Ifn \mep
hoXw ]Xn\mdv hn[ apv. Pm{KZh bn Pm{KZmZn \mem
h I kz]v \mZn \memh I kpjp]vXnbn kpjp
]vXymZn \mehI Xpcob n XpcobmZn \meh
I Pm{KZhbn hnizw \mep hn[ amWv . hniz ssXP
kw, hniz{]mw hnizXpcobw hnizhnizw kz]v\mh
bn ssXPkw \mep hn[w. ssXPkhnizw, ssXPkssX
Pkw ssXPk{]mw ssXPkXpcobw. kpjp]v Xnbn
{]mw \mephn[w {]mhnizw {]m{]mw
{]m Xpcobw \mephn[w Xpcob hnizw Xpcob ssXPkw
Xpcob{]mw Xpcob Xpcobw Cu {Iaa\pkcnv {_
{]Whw ]Xna\mdp am{Xbn BcqVambncnpp.
6. BImtc Pm{K Zzniz DImtc Pm{KssXPtkm
aImtc Pm{KXv {]m Aam{Xbmw Pm{Kp
cotbm _n u kz ]v \ hn tiz m \mtZ kz ]v \
ssXPkx Iembmw kz]v \ {]m Iem XotX
kz]v \ Xp \obx imu kpjp ]v X hnizx imy
XotX kpjp]vXm ssXPkx D\ymw kpjp]vX
{]mtm at\m \ymw kpjp]vX Xpcobx Xpco
bmbmw Xpcob hntizm aZyambmw Xpcob sXPkx
]iyymw Xpcob { ]mx ]cmbmw Xpcob
Xpcobx Pm{K am{X NXpb aImcmwiw kz]v\
am{X NXpb]pImcmwiw kpjp]vXn am{Xm NXp
bw aIm cmwiw XrXo b am{Xm NXp h am
{Xmwiw Abtah {_ {]Whx k ]calwkXpco
bmXo Xm h [p ssX cp ]m ky tX ss\h {_ {] Im
itX tX\ hntZlapnx
AImcn Pm{KXv hnizhpw DImcn Pm{KXv
ssXPkhpw aImcn Pm{KXv {]mhpw A am{X
bn Pm{KXv Xpcob hpamWv. _nphn kz]v \hnizw \mZ
n kz]v \ssXPkw Iebn kz]v \{]mw. IemXo
X n kz]v\Xpcobw. imn bn kpjp]vXn hnizhpw
imyXoXn kpjp]vXn ssXPkhpw D\nbn
kpjp]vXn {]mhpw at\m\nbn kpjp]vXn Xpco
bhpw Dv . sshJcobn Xpcobhnizhpw a[yabn
Xpcob ssXPkhpw ]iyn bn Xpcob {]mhpw ]c
bn Xpcob Xpcobhpw Pm{Kns \mep am{XIfpw
BIm ins XmWv . kz]v \ ns \mep am{X Ifpw DIm
cmwibp amWv . kpjp]v Xn bpsS \mepam{XI aImcmw
ibpamWv . Xpcobns \mep am{XI A am{Xmw
ibp amIpp. CXns\ s bmWv {_{]Whw Fv
]dbpXv . XpcobmXoX ]c alwk Ah[qX Fn
h ChnsS D]mkIcmWv {_w. AXn\m XsbmWv
{]Iminp Xv. AXn\m XsbmWv hntZlapnbpw.
7. `Kh IYw Abtm ]hoXyminJo kh
I ]cn XyxIYw {_ \n jv Tm ]cx IYw
{_mW CXn {_m ]rXn k tlm hmN
hnjvWp t`mx t`m A`bkymkvXyssZzX amm
m\w XtZh btm] hoXw Xky [ym\ \n
jvssTh inJm XXv I k ]hn{Xw k kh
I IrXv k {_mWx k {_ \njvTm]cx k
I K
N P
571
ssZhx k Ejnx k X]kzo k t{ijvTx k Gh
kh tPyjv Tx k Gh PKZv Kpcpx k Ghm
lwhnn temtI ]calwk ]cn{hmPtIm Zpe`
X tcmbtZytImkvXn k Ghx \nXy ]qXx k Gh
thZ ]pcptjm alm]pcptjm bkv X nw aty
hmhXn jv TtX Alw NXkv an t hmh nXxk
Gh \nXyXr]vXx kx iotXmjv WkpJZpx am\m
h am \m hPnX k \nm aj klnjv Wp kj
Uqn hPnXx jUv`mhhn Imc iq\yx ktPy
jv Tm tPyjv T hyh [m\ cln Xx k kz hrXn
tctIW \m\r{Zm Bimw _tcm \ \akvImtcm
\ kzlm Imtcm \ kz[mImc \ hnk\
]tcm \nm kvXpXn hyXncntm \ a{ Xt{m
]mktIm tZhmc [ym\ iqt\ym eymeym
\nhIx kthm]cXx k knZm\m ZzbNn
ZvL\x kq \ss I t_mt[m {_ Gh
Alw Akv aoXn A\ hcXw {_ {]W hm\p
k m t\\ bx IrXIrtXym `hXn k l ]c
alw k]cn {]mUnXyp]\njXv.
`Khms\ btm]hoXw inJ khI
Fnh ]cn XyPn m Fs\ {_\n jvTm]c\mIpw?
Fv {_mhv tNmZn tm hnjvWp ]dp. A s\
bph\v btm]hoXw Ahs AssZzXbpamb
Bm\w XsbmWv . Ahs inJ [ym\ \njv Tbm
Wv. kzIfm Ahs ]cnip\mIpp. Ah
kIe Ifpw A\pjvTnp Ignp. Ah {_m
W\mWv. Ah {_m\njvTm]cmbW\mWv. Ah
tZh\pw EjnbpamIpp. X]kznbpw t{ijv T\pamIpp.
khnepw tPyjvT\pw PKZvKpcphpamWh Ah
Rm XsbmsWv a\nempI. temIn C
s\bp ]c alw k]cn{hmPIm Zpe`amWv. FhnsS
sb nepw Htm ctm t] Ipshv hcmw. Ah \nXy
ip\pw thZ ]pcpj\pw hm\ ]pcpj\pamIpp. Ahs
Nnw Fnepw Ah Fnepw hknpp. Ah
\nXyXr ]v X\mWv. Ah {iotXmjvW ZpxJkpJ am\mh
am\ c lnX \mWv. Ah jUqn cln X\pw jUv`mhhn
ImcXoX\pamIpp. hen bhs\tm sNdnb h
s\tm D Nn Ah\n. Ah Bmhns\ am{Xw
ImWpp asmns\bpw C. ZnpIfmWhs hkv{X
. Ah \akv Imctam kzlmImctam kzm[mImctam
sNpn . Ah \nmkvXpXn IXoX \mWv. Ah\v
a{Xt{m]mk\ bn. Ah A\y tZhmsc [ym\np
n. eymey clnX\mbn khhnc \mbn Ignbp
p. Ah kn Zm \ \pw AZz b\pw NnZv L \\pw
kqm\ t_m[ bp\pw Rm {_amWv Fp
AJ `mh\mbp \pamWv C s\bp hs\ ]calw
k]cn{hPIs\p ]dbpp. Cs\ D]\njv.
]c a lw k]cn {hmPtIm]\njv kam]n p.
]c{_tm]\njv
1
3
imn ]mTw
Hmw `{Z It`nx irWpbma tZhm `{Zw ]tiy
am `n b P{Xmx nssc cwssK kv Xphmw
kkvX\q `nhytia tZhlnXw bZmbpx kzkv Xn
\ Ct{m hr {ihmx kzkvXn \x ]qjm hniz
thZmx kz kv Xn \kv Xmtym Acn t\an x
kzkv Xn t\m _rl kv ]XnZ [mXp. Hmw imnx
imnx imnx
tZhmsc, R ImXpsImv awKfw tIpam
dmItW. IpIsImv awKfw ImWpamdmItW. kpZr
Vfmb AwKfmepw tZlmepw \nsf kvXpXn
psImWv tZhm RMAMv \n bnnp
Bbppapgph\pw R A\p`hn pamdmItW. alm
Ionam\mb C{ Rv awKfw \ItW. kh
\mb ]qjzmhv Rv awKfacpf s. A{]Xntcm
[yKXnbmb KcpU Rv awKfacpftW. _rl
kvarXn Rv awKfw \ItW. Hmw. imnx imnx
imnx
1. AY ssl\w alm imex iu\tIm BwKn
ckw `Khw ]nem`w hn[nhZp]kw ]{]
Znthy {_ ]ptc tI kw{]XnjvTnXm `hn, IYw
krPyt \nXym\ Gj alnam hn`Py Gj
alnam hnZpx I Gjx Xkvssa k tlmhmN GXXv
kXyw bXv { _hoan {_ hnZymw hcn jv Tmw
Q
I K
N P
572
tZth`yx { ]mtW`yx ]c { _ ]ptc hn cPw
\njvIfw ip`acw hncPw hn`mXn. k \nbXn
a[p Icx tizh hXv ^ e a \p ` hXo Ia a
mXm I ItcmXn Ia mXzm I
IpcymXv tIm Pmew hnn t] tZtIm ss\\ a ]
IjXy ]IjXn.
hnin\mb iu\I AwKoc hwin ]nd `K
hm ]nemZs\ hn[n ]qhw kao]nv tNmZnp: temI
nepmIp ]Zmsemw t\cs Znhyamb
{_]pcn AXmbXv `Khm lnc WyK`s lrZ
bmImin hncmPnpIbmtWm? B ]Zmsf
hn`mtK\ hym]I\pw alnamab\pamb Cuizc Xs
Dn \npw Fs\ krnpp? Atlw bYm
n BcmWv? ]nemZ ]dp: Rm \np ]d
pXcm t]mIp {_ hnZy kXyamWv . Atlw kXy
kzcq]amb {_ ]pc n KpW{Xblo\ \mbn hncmPn
pp. {]mW apX \maw hscbp ]Xn \mdp IeI
fnmh\pw AmcWm Ahn\mio cq]n
nXnsNp h\pamWtlw. Atlw Pohm{X kaq
ls _tamv A[nImcn F \nebn
krnpp. Cu kzcq]nep {_ hnZyv B[mc
`qXhpamb ]cammhv apappfpsS AhnZymZnIsf
\nb {n pp. AXns ^eambn Ahv ip ssNX
\y{]XoXn DmIpp. kzm\v AIWys\
\nebn Ignbp Atlw IrXIrXy\mWv. hn]coX
Zrnbmb Atlw ]e {]Imcnepap I
sNp h\mbpw IjIs\ tmse Xs In\\p
kcnv ^ea \p`hnph\mbpw Xocpp. Iaa dn
bp hyn Bcm[\m _pntbmsS Iw sNpp.
Fm ]c {_w Xs bmWv Xm F dnbp Xn \m
ap {`afn \nsmw ap\mIm B{Klnpp.
ap\namcpsS Ihyw {Klnv \njvIma_pymIw
sNpp. GIam{X amb {_ n Xs apgpInb Hcp
k\ymknbpw A\pNnX fmb ]e I sNpn
. \njvIma_pntbmsS Iw sNp hs\ Ahs
I kmwkmcnI fmb hnjb fntev BIjn
mdn .
2. {]W tZ h Xm Xzmcx Xmx khmx \mUyx
kpjp]vXtiy\mImihXv bYm tiy\xJam{inXy
bmXn Xzebw Bembw Ghw kpjp]vXw {_qX
Abw N ]cw N kh{X lncWyatb ]tctImti
AarXmt]yjm \mUo{Xbw kcnXky {Xn]mZw
{_ Gjm t{Xjym XtXm A\pXnjvTXn A\y{X
{_qX Abw N ]cw N kh{X lnctb ]tc
tImti bssYj tZh Ztm bym N \mUy
amt\m ss\th Xn. Gh anm ]qt Itm
ip`mipss`\ en]ytX bYmIpamctIm \njvIma
B\a`n bmXn, XssYj tZhx kz]v \ am\a`n
bmXn thZ Gh ]cw tPymXnx tPymXnjm am
tPymXncm\btXyh tah. XXv]cw bXv Nnw
]camm\am\bXn. ip`hamPm btXiz cmXv
`qbkvtXss\h amtW kz]v\m\w \nbXn
Pf Im `mh hZyYm ImaamPm b tX izcmXv XmhXm
m\ am\ bXn ]ckobZ]c koXn. XXv ]cw
\m]cw XyPXn. X ssZh I]memIw kmb
b Gj kvX\ Chmew_tX. tk{ tbm\nx k
thZtbm \ncnXnx A{X Pm{KXn. iq`mip`mXncnx
ip`m ipss` c]n I`n\ en]y tX. k Gj
tZthm Xy tZh kykw {]kmtZm AcymaykwK
Nn {Zp]x ]pcpjx {]W h lwkx ]cw {_, \
{]mW lwkx {]Wthm Pohx BZymtZh Xm\n
thZ bXn b Ghw thZ XXv IYw \nthZ btX
Pohky {_ Xzam]mZb Xn.
kthiz c GXp hn[ aph\mWv? Poh {]mWm
[mc cq]n Xpcob t`Zm \mev {]mW tZhXamcp
v . Ahsc {]m]n phm\p \mUnIfpw \mephn[ amIp
p. ca, Aca, C, ]p\`h ChbmWv B \mUnI.
Chbn ca, Aca Cu cp \mUn Ifpw tNv BImi
n k cn p ]cpn s\ tmse Pm{KXvkz]v \mZn I
fm Xfv DdntmIpp. ]cpv hfsc kabw ]dv
Xfcptm Iqn tev hcpXpt]mses Poh\pw
Pm{KZmZnIfm oWnv Xs hn{iam\v Cu cp
\mUnIfnepw hn{ian\v Dd pp. Dd p Ah
bn Nnetm kcnpIbpw sNpp. k{X gA
b B^ J WBb ^dWBY AWBgA ME[ b BJ B
in camZn aqp \mUnItfbpw B{ibnv kzkzcq
]s {]m]npw AmsXbpw Xm{Xmcq]n Ignbp
p. Dd p Hcp hynsb hSnsImSnm Ah
DWXn \ptijw ]ns DdmXncnpXpt]mse
Poh\pw thZamIp BNmcy\n \np thZmXXzw {K
lnv m\bp \mbn Xocptm hopw Ahm{X
b n ]Xnpn. \Xpw Nobpamb Ia fn
apgpIp Xpan. _me Fnepw Bk \ m Xn\m
InpXn B\ npXpt]mse Poh\pw kz]v\ntem
Pm{Kntem B\ a\p`hnpp Rm {_kzcq]w
Xs bmWv. F t_m[ ap h B\ ab \mIpp. Hcp
Xcw A Hcp ]pn \npw asmcp ]pntes t]mse
m\nbpw PmKcWn sNp ]n aph Dt]n
pp. {_Xev ]c \mbn AXv Xn \npw `n asv
m\n a\ nempp. tIhew {ihWmZnIfm {_
m\w e`npn. Iem]mIw AXmbXv tbmKns
baw, \nb aw, Bk\w, {]mWmbmaw, {]Xymlmcw, [mc
Ww, [ym\w kam[n Fo Amw K A`yknv Ah
bm lrZbs ipoIcnv {_m\w t\Sn IrX
IrXy\mtIXpv. tbmK [ym\n\m[mcw CXmWv.
kvX\w t]msetbm hmgqpt]msetbm s\n Xqn
n S p AXv tbmKImev apIfn temp s]mn hnI
I K
N P
573
knpp. lrZbIa en nXnsNp Cuizcs\
[ym\np h ip`mip` Ismw AXoX\mbn
hnpp.
{]kmZab\pw Acmanbpw \nwK\pw Nn{Zq]\pw
{]Whlwk\pamb cq]n ]c{_w kv acnsSp
p. {]Whw Xs bmWv Poh. Fsm AXv Hmm
c ns Ahb hn BImc m hmNyamWv. HmwIm
cns bYmcq]w Adnbp h\v Poh{_]Zw e`n
m Ign bpw. {]W hm I amb ]c {_ ns
[ym\hpw \nZn[ymk\hpw Pohpnv hgnsbmcppp.
3. kz a Ymky ]pcpjky Ax intJm]ho
XXzw {_Wky apaptmc intJm]hoX[m
cWw, _lneyamW inJmbtm][mcWw
IntWm Krlky Acq] hoX eWw
Xp _lnkvXphZhya kv XXztaf\w
Bcn IinJbpw btm]hoXhpw {_ cq]ab
\mb Cu ]pcpjs kXyw Xs bmWv, tamw B{Kln
p {_mW Cu BcoIinJsbbpw btm]
hoX sbpw [cnWw. ]pdsa ImWp btm]ho
Xhpw inJbpw InIfmb Krlv thnbp
XmWv . Bcn Iin Jbpw btm]hoXhpw ]pdsa D
kq{Xw t]mse hya. Fnepw Ahyhpw ]c {_
tmSv tbmPnnp XpamWv.
\ kmk kZkZv `nm`nw \ tNm `bw
\ k`mwKw \ \n`mKw \ Nm]yp`bcq]Iw {_m
ssIXz hnm\w tlybw anYym XzImcWmXv
kXv, AkXv, `nw, A`nw, D`bmIw, k`mKw,
\n`mKw, DZbkzcq]w CsXmpa AhnZybpsS kzcq
]w. AXns kzcq]w khYm A\nhN\obamWv.
A\nhN\ob {_ ns BssI XXzm\w Dm
ImXncnp Imew AhnZy \ne\npw Fm {_
kzcq]m\w e`nm CsXmw ssIhntSXmWv
Fpw t_m[yamIpw. Fsm AsXmw anYybmIp
p.
4. ] ]mXv {_tWm \ In\ XNpjv]mZ
hnt\m APoh {_WXzmcnm
\m\n \m`nl rZbIWvT aq[kp Pm{KXv kz]v \
kp jp]v Xn Xpco bm hmx Bl h \ob Kml
]Xy ZnW k`ym n jp. PmK cotX {_m
kz ]v t\ hnjv Wp; kpjp]v Xu cp{Z kv Xp cob
acw Nnbw. XkvamXpchm NXpcmKpeth
\ anh j hXn XXzm\n XphZv hn`PyX Zm
lnXw {XnKpWoIrXym Zzm{Xow iXz\njvj
am ]mZy m\ ]q Xw { Xn Kp W kz cq ]w
{XnaqnXzw ]rYIv hnm\ \h {_mJy\
hKptWmt]Xw mXzm \ham\anXkv{Xn KpWo
IrXy kptcyzn Iemkz cq]tXzss\Io IrXym
`ytc XXza]n at[y {XncmhrXym {_hnjvWp
a tl izcXzw a\kn kmb BZyta IoIrXy
NnZv{K mhssZzX{Knw IrXzm\m`yZn {_ _n
e{]amWw. ]rYIv ]rYIv k]vX hnwiXn X]mkw
_w {XnKptWm t]Xw {Xnaqn eWen
Xat]yIXzam D]mZyhm amwkmZmZn ZnnWISyw
hn`mhy A`y{Klktf\ taIw mXzm aqe
taIw kXyw arabw hnmXw kymZzmNmcw
`Ww hnImtcm \mat[bw arntItXyh kXyw
lw tkXn h Zztb \mx intJm ] hoXzw
\nnXy {_WXzw {_[ym\mlXzw bXn Xz
aen Xmx intJm ] hoXnXztahw _ln en
Xmx intJm]hoXnXztahw _ln enXmx
intJm]hoXnXztahw _ln enX IinJm
mt\m]hoXw Krlmkym`mk {_mXzky
tIikaqlinJm {]Xy ImkXpIrtXm
]oXXzw NXp KpWoIrXy NXphnwiXn XXzm
]mZu Xp IrXzw \hXXztaItah ]cw {_
XXv {]Xnkc tbmKyXzmXv _lpam{]hrnw,
Iev]bn. kthjmw {_mZo\mw tZhjoWmw
a\pjymWmw aqn tcIm. {_ss Itah. {_
WXz taItah. hm{ianWm taItah hZn.
lwkx, inJm, {]Wh, ap]\oXw, \mZx, km
\w, Gj [tm t\Xtcm [x XXv IYanXn
{]W h lwtkm \mZ kv {Xn hrXv kq{Xw kzlrZn
ssNXt\y XnjvTXn {Xnhn[w {_ XZv hrn {]m]
nIintJmt]Xw XytPXv.
] ]mZ{_n\v Xn \npw hyXykv Xambn
AhnZymcq]aptm Ctbm F kwibw Am\ m
Wv. hrn, kan cq]ambn NXpjv]m ZmKXambn
Dn \nesImp Pohn cq]nbmb {_s {]m]n
m \mev m\ fpv. \m`n, lrZbw, IWvTw, inc
v, AXns\ {]m]nm Pm{Kv , kz]v\w, kpjp]vXn
Xpcobw Fo \meh Ifpapv. Bl h\obw Kml
]Xyw ZnWw k`yw Fo AnIfn bYmtbmKyw
Bmhns\ `mh\ sNWw. Pm{KZh bn {_mhpw
kz]v\n hnjvWphpw kpjp]vXnbn cp{Z\pw Xpco
bn Achpw Ahn\minbmb Nn{Zp]{_hpw
Bbn cn Ww. eyw. k\ymkn {_ab amb btm
]hoXhpw [cnmdpv. {_s {]m]nm \mep Ah
I ]cnKWn s ncnpp. AXv \mep hnc epIfpsS
th\ amWv . AXn sXmqmdp XXz ASnbncn
pp. AXv aqmbn hn`Pnv apn cp XXz epsS
k\njv Ij amb cq]w kmZnv m\m hnip
amb {XnKpW kz`mhtmSp IqSnbXmsWp a\nemn
kqcy, N{, An Fo Iemcq]hpambn GIo`hnv
{_mhnjv Wp atlizcmsc A\pkm\w sNbvXp.
I K
N P
574
\m`n apX {_ _new hscbp hn`n fmb Ccp]
ntbgp XXz sf kw_np kmcw {Klnv
GIXzw m]nv CSXp tXm apX hes Ac sv
{]tZiw hsc CXns\ `mhs\ sNbvXm Nn ipn
e`n pw.
a]m{X apam{XamWv. AXn asmpw Cs
dn bp Xpt]mse {_\nnXamb Fmhkv Xpfpw
{_ amsWv a\nemWw. lwksa {_ns
Awiw Xs bmWv Xm Fp a\ nemn {_mWXzw,
{_ [ym\ tbmKyXbXnXzw Ch km[nmw. Atm
am{Xta a\pjy bYmn Ax inJtbmSpIqSn
bh\pw A btm]hoX[mcn bpamsWv IcpXs
SpIbpq. ]pdsa ImWp inJbpw ]qWp\qepw Krl
m { i an Iv th Xm Wv . in Jbpw ]cpn
\qsImp Xo ]qWqepw {_ WXzns As
n sshZnIIm\pjv Tm\ n\p tbmKyXbpsS Hcp
Nnw am{X amWv .
GXp hn`mKmcpsSbmbmepw apn, {_w {_m
WXzw Fnhsbmw H pX s bmWv. hm {iamNmc
`n fmWv . hm{iahyh ]men p hcpsS
cq]w Hp Xs. tamm[nIm cnbmb bXnbpsS inJbpw
btm]hoXns BZn Imc Wamb HmwImchpw Hp
Xs. AhcpsS ]c{_ XsbmWv inJ HmwImcw Xs
D]hoXw. Ch cns\bpw kwtbmPnnpXv \mZw.
m\n kza ln a bm B n X \mbn ssNX\y kzcq
] amb lrZ b n hkn pp. B kz cq] \mbn
kXys Adn b Wsa m{Klnppshn B X Xz
n \nv `n ambn Hpw ImWm B{Kln pn s
n Ah Ia bhpw {]m]nIhpamb inJ sbbpw
btm]hoXsbpw ]cn XyPnt Xpv.
6. k inJw hN\w IrXzm
_lnx kq{Xw XytPXv _p[x
b Zcw ]cw {_
XXv kq{X anXn [mctbXv
7. ]p\P \nhrXzw
tamNkyml \niw kvatcXv
kqN\mq{X anXypw
kq{Xw \ma ]cw ]Zw
8. aXv kq{Xw hnZnXw tb\
k apappx k `npIx
k thZhnXv kZmNmcx
k hn{]x ]wn ]mh\x
9. tb\ kh anZw t{]mXw
kqt{X aWn KWm Ch
Xq{Xw [mctbZv tbmKo
tbmK hnZv {_tWm bXnx
10. {_kq{Xw XymtPZv hnt{]m
tbmK hnm\ XXv]cx
{_`mhanZw kq{Xw
[mctbXv bx kx apn`mIv
\mipNnXzw \tNmnw
Xky kq{Xky [mcWmXv.
inJsbmsSmw XeapSn apdnp. _mlyb tm]hoXw
Dt]npIbpw Ahn\minbmb ]c {_ss
kq{X cq]n [cnpIbpw sNpI. \nccw tam
Nn hlnv ]n Pw Hgn hmm {ianpI. kqNIam
bXpsImmWv kq{Xsa t] knnXv. bYm kq{X
m\w knnh\mWv apapp. `npI\pw kZmNmcnbpw
{_mW\pw Ah Xs. AJ {_ms ]c
{_w \qen aWnI t]mse tImn cnpp. B
kq{Xw tbmK\pw bXnbpw {_W\pw [cnWw.
_mlykq{Xs khYm Dt]npI. {_ `mhbp
amb kq{Xs [cn p h apnv A[n Im cn
bmbnocpp. ImcWw B kq{X n bmsXmcp hn[
nep AipNnXztam Dn Xztam A]hn{XXtbm C.
11. kq{X a KXw tbjmw
m\ bPvtVm]hoXn\mw
tb Xp kq{X hntZm temtI
tX N btm]hoXn \x
12. m\ ]qmx m\\njvTmx
m\ btm]hoXn\x
m\tah ]cw tXjmw
]hn{Xw m\ancoXw
13. At cnh inJm \m\ym
Xky m\abo inJm
k inJoXypNyptX hnZzm
t\Xtc tIi [mcnWx
14. IWy[nIrXm tb Xp
sshZntI euIntI ]nhm
{_mWm`m kamt{XW
Poht Ipn]qcImx
{hPt \ncbw tX Xp ]p\P\n P\n
15. hmamwkZ ISyw
{_kq{Xw Xq khyXx
A _lncnhmXyw
XXzXp ka\znXw
I K
N P
575
GsXmcp m\a b b tm]hoX[mcnbpsS Dn
Cu kq{Xapv, Ah\mWv bYmn kq{Xm\
aph\pw bYm btm]hoX[mcnbpw m\ bp
amb inJtbmSpIqSnb m\\njvTpw m\ am
Ip btm]hoXw [cnphpw m\w Xs
bmWv khhpw. Abm Xs hnZzm\pw inJ bp h\pw
ap Xc n \o XeapSn Isp shv Ah inJm
[mcnb. sshZnIeuInIIfn apgpInbncnp
h {_Wm`mkm am{Xw. Ah tIhew DZc ]qcW
mcmWv. bYm m\n CSs tXm apX hes
ISn{]tZiw hsc BcoIhpw bYmXzpamb m\w
sImv knn ]caXXz amIp \qen\m \nn X amb
{_kq{Xs \m`napX {_c{w hsc bYm{]amWw
[cnt Xpv.
16. \m`ymZn{_c{m
{]amWw [mctbXv kq[o
tY`yp [mcyanZw kq{Xw
{InbmwKw Xp \nnXw
inJm m\abo bky
D]hoXw N Xbw
17. {_mWyw kIew Xky
t\X tcjmw XpIn\
CZwbtm]hoXw
Xp ]cawXXv ]cmbWw
18. hnZzm btm]hoXo
kw[mc tbXv bx k apn `mIv
_lnc tm ]hoXn
hn{]x k\ykv XpalXn
19. GIbtm]hoXn Xp
ss\h k\ymkvXpalnXn
20. XkvamXv kh{]bXvt\\
tammt]o `thXv bXnx
_lnx kq{Xw ]cnXyPy
kzmx kq{Xw Xp [mctbXv
_lnx {]] intJm]hoXnXz a\mZrXy{]W
hlwkintJm]hoXnXz ahew_y tamkm[\w
IpcymZnXyml `Khm iu\Ix CXyp]\njXv.
Cuhn[w ]c a X XzamIp Xphn\m \nn s
Xpw hnhn[ {Inb IfpsS AwK`qXhpamb Cu kq{Xw [cn
Ww. m\amb inJbpw m\a tbm]hoXhpw D
h\v Fm hkvXpfpw {_amWv. asmpan. ]caX
Xzkzcq]amb btm]hoXw [cnp m\n btm
]hoXnbmbn ocpp. Ah XsbmWv tamm[nIm
cn. BcnIhpw _mlyhpambp btm]hoXnbm
bmWv k\ymkn\ [nImcn. tIhew btm]hoXw [cn
p h k\ymkn\ [nImcnb , sshcmKyw ssIh
ht\ k\ymkn\p A[nImcapq. AXn\m Hcp bXn
kh {]Imc nepw apapphmbncnWw. Ah _mly
kq {Xs At] nv B c kq{Xw [cn Ww.
_mlyhpw {]]ab hpamb inJ shSnp btm]
hoXw ssIhnv, Hmw Imc {_cq]nbmb inJsbbpw
btm ] hoX sbpw ssIsm tam km [\
sNWw Fv iu\ I Acpfn sNbvXp.
]c {_]\njv kam]n p.
Q
imn ]mTw
Hmw. `{Zw It`nx irWpbma tZhmx `{Zw
]ty- am- `n bP{Xmx nssc-cwssK- kv XpjvT
hmwk kv X\q- `nhy- tia tZh- lnXw bpZmbpx
kzkvXnx \x Ct{m hr{ihmx kzkvXn \x ]qjm
hniz thZmx kzkvXn \kvXmty AcnjvS t\anx
kzkvXn t\m _rl- kv]Xn Z[mXp. Hmw imnx
imnx imnx
tZhmsc, R ImXpI sImv \Xp tIp
amdmIs. IpI sImv \Xv ImWphm\nShcs.
kpZrV- -fmb AwK- -fmepw ico-c-fmepw \nsf
kv XpXnpsImv tZhm Rv \nbnnp
]mip]X {_tm]\njv
1
3
I K
N P
576
Bbpp apgph\pw A\p`hnm\nShcs. almIon
am\mb C{ Rv \- \evIs. kh\mb
]pjmhv Rv \ \Is. A{]-Xntcm[yK- Xnbmb
KcpU Rv \-b- cpf- s. _rl-kv]Xn Rv
\- b-cpfs. Hmw imnx imnx imnx
]qh ImWvUw
AY l ssh kzbw`q {_m {]Pmx krPm
\oXn ImaImtam PmbtX Imtaiztcm ssh{ihWx
ssh{i- htWm {_- ]p{Xm _me- Jneyx kzbw
`phw ]cn]rXn PKXmw Im hnZym Im tZhXm
Pm{K- Xp- co- b- tbm- cky tIm tZthm bm\n Xky
him\n Imemx InbXv {]amWmx Ikym- bm
chn N{{l- lmZtbm `mkt Iky alnamK- K\
kz cq ] GX- Zlw t{ imXp - an - man \mt\ym
Pm\mXnXzw {_qln- {_- . kzbw `qcp- hm-N- Ir-
Xv kv\P KXmw amXrIm hnZym Zzn{Xn h- klnXm
Zznh- amXm {Xnh klnXm Zznh amXm
{Xnh klnXw NXpam{Xm tImwImtcm
aa {]mWm- nIw tZhXm Al- tah PK- {Xb
sskyIx ]Xnx aa him\n khmWn bpKm\y]n.
Atlm-cm{XmZtbm aXv kwhnXmx Imemx aa
cp ]m- cth kv tX P N{ \{ X { Kl
tXPmwkn N KKt\m aa {Xnin ambm kzcq
t]m. \mt\ym aZkvXn. Xtam ambmtIm cp{Zx
kmXznIambmtIm hnjvWpx cmPkambmtIm
{_m. C{mZb-kvXmakcmPkmnIm \ kmXzn
tIm ]n. AtLmcx kh km[mcW kzcq]x
kzbw `qhmb {_mhns a\n Hcn {]P
Isf krjvSn-- W-sa B{K- l-apmbn. AtXmsS
Atlw Ima\Isf ]qo-Icnp cp{Zs\bpw ssh{i-
hW- s\bpw krjvSnp. Atm ssh{ihW\pw {_
]p{X\mb _meJney\pw {_mhnt\mSv tNmZnp: ""PK
n hnZy FmWv ?'' Pm{K-pco-bmhbpsS tZhX
bmcmWv ? B[o\amWv PmKv ? Imen\v FmWv
{]amWw? kqcy-N{mZn{K- l- BcpsS B-bm
{]Iminpp? Cu Imcy- Adnbm Rv
IuXpIapv . A-bvmsX ampw CXv \nb-an
. AXpsImv AsXmw ]dp Xcp-I. kzbw`q
]dp: ""temInse amXrIm]- camb h-amebmb
amXmhmWv , hnZy, AXv lwkw Fp cph- - tfmSp
IqSnb- XpamIpp. \mepam{Xbp HmwImcw Fs {]mW
tZhXbmWv . aqp temIn\pw Htc Hcp \mY Rm
Xs kIe bpK- fpw Fs hihnIfmIpp.
Fn \npamWv Zn\cm{X XpSnb Ime
DmbXv. kqcyt tXPpw N{\- {X{K-lmZnIfnse
tPymXnpw Fs {]Whw aqph- sfbpw IqSn
bXp Xs Cu BImiw Fs aqv in imenbmb
ambm cq]-amWv. Rm\msX HcnSpw Hpan. cp{Z
Xtamab-\mb ambmcp]hpw hnjvWp kXzKpW- ab-\mb
ambmcq-]hpw {_mhv ctPmKpWo-b-ambm cq]-hpamWv.
C{mZntZhm ctPmKpW-Xtam KpWbpmcmWv. Ah
cn kmXznIcmbnmcpan. tIhew inh am{XamWv
kh km[mcW cq]n.
2. kakvXbmKm\mw cp{Zx ]ipImcpt{Zmcpt{Zm
bmK- tZthm hnjv Wp- c- Zz- cyptlm- tX- {- tZ- hXm
b-`pKv am\kw {_amtl-izcx {_am\kw
lwkxtkmlw lwkx CXn. X- b-btm \mZm
\p- k- m- \w. X- b- hn - Im- tcm- Pohx ]c- amm
kzcqt]m lwkx A_-ln-cXn lwkx A
KtXm \hIm- im- KX kph kzcqt]m
lwkx j-hXn XXzXphXv hyw Nnq{Xw
{Xb Nn- b- eWw \h-X-Xz-{Xn- cm-hrXw {_-
hn- jv Wp- a- tl- iz - cm- - I- a- n - {X- b- I- tem- t]Xw
NnXv{Kn _\w AssZzX{Knx b-km[m
c-WmwKw _ln- cPz-e\w bmwK eW
{_ kzcqt]m lwkx D]- ho- Xe-W-kq{X{_-
- Km- bmx {_w Ke- - W- bpw b-
kq{Xw XZv {_ kq{Xw b-kq-{Xkw_n
{_- bx XXv kzcqt]mw Km\nam- {XmWn
at\m- b- ky lwtkm- b- - kq- {Xw. {]Whw
{ _m- kq { Xw { _- b- - abw { ]W- hm-
hn lwtkm- {_- - kq{Xw XtZ- h- {_- - b-
- abw tam-{Iaw {_kym-{Inbm at\m
bmKx kym {Inbm at\m- bm- Kky e- Ww.
b- kq- {X- {]- W- h- {_- - b {Inbm- bptm
{_mWx {_NtcyW Ncn tZhmx lwkkq
{XNcym bx lwk{]W-htbmct`Zx
kIe b-fpsSbpw Imhv ]ip]Xnbmb
`K- hm cp{Z\mIpp. hnjvWp A[zcyphpw C{ tlmXm
hpamWv. inhs am\v {_b-- t`mm tZh
mcmWv. B am\k {_lans cq]-amWv lwkw.
""lwkw, tkmlw'' F XabXzw knnphm sN
s- Sp b-amWv \mZm\pkm\w X-b-XzhnImcw
Xs Poh. ]cam kzcq]-amb Cu lwkw AIpw
]pdpw k-cnpp. Dnsenb-Xn\ptijw A\
hImi- m\v Cu lwkw kz- cq]-amIpp. Cuiz
c sXmqmdv XXz-fpsS cq]-n hyamIp
Nnns {Xnkq-{X-fm H]XpXptfmSv aqnc
nbmbXpw {_hnjv Wpatl- izccq]nbmb An{Xb- bp
bmb NnXv {Knbpambn _s AssZzX {Kn
bpamb b-ns km[mcW- amb AwK-cq]- n
AIpw ]pdpw {]Im-in- p btm- ]- hoXw
lwkw Xs.
Cs\ D]-hoX kq{Xw {_b- cq]-amWv . AXm
bXv btm-]- hoXw {_ns {]Xo- I-am-Ip- p.
I K
N P
577
btm]-hoXw {_b-hpw Hv asmns kzcq
]- hpamWv. AXns AwKw am{XamWv btm]hoXw
Cu at\mbb- ns lwkamWv {_b bp
amb {]W- hhpw {_kq{Xw Xs. {]W- hmhn
bmb lwkhpw {_kq{XamWv. Cu {_bw tam
km[\amIpp. {_kyam\knI b- ns e-
WamWv b- kq{Xw {]Whpw {_bw FnhbpsS
{Inb-ItfmSp IqSnbh\mWv {_mW. tZhm {_
Ncy-n hknpp. lwkhpw {]W- hhpw HmWv.
lwkky {]m-\mkv{X Imemx {XnImem
kv{Xn hmx t{XXmy\pkmt\m bmKxt{X
Xm- ym- - IrXn h HmwImc; lwkm- \p- k-
mt\m bmKx Nnzcq]- hbw Xpco-b-
kzcq]w A- cm- ZntXy tPymXn kzcqt]mlwkx
bXv mKw {_knx {_{]- hru XXv
{]Wh lwk- kq- t{XssW h [ym\ amN- c- n.
t{]mhmN ]p\x kzbw `qhw {]XnPm\otX {_
]pt{Xm Ejn _meJneymx lwkkq{XmWn IXn
kwJym\n InbZv hm {]amWw lrZymZnXyaco- Nn\mw
]Zw j- hXn x Nn Xv kq { X { LmWn tbmx
kz\nXm {]W-hm[mcm jUw Kpe ZimioXnx
hma_mlp ZnW ItSymc-cXn lwkx ]c
amm {_ Kply {]Imtcm \m\y{X hnZnXx
Pm\n tX arX ^eImx khImew lwkw \
{]ImiIw {]W-hlwkm[ym\ {]IrXnw hn\m
\ apn.
aqp kab- fnemWv lwkns {]m\ th
Xv . aqp Imenepw aqp h-amWp- Xv . Cu bw
An{XbmemWv sNt- Xv. aqv AnI, Bm
hns BIrXn, hbpamb HmmcamIp lwkw
Chsb-n NnnpI. B-cnI b-amIpp. Nn{Zq
]- hpamb X-bo-`hnpXv Xpcob kzcq]- amWv. AI
p BZnXy-\n lwkns tPymXnkz-cq]amWp
-Xv. b-ns Cu AwKw XsbmWv {_k
v. AXpsImv {_s {]m]nph {]W- h
amIp lwks km[\ sNtXpv.
{_]p{X\mb _meJney hopw kzbw `qhn
t\mSv tNmZnp. ""lwk kq{X-fpsS kwJy F{XbmWv?
AXns {]amW- F{XbmWv? Abvv Fmw Adn
bmatm. ZbhpsNbvXv ]dpXcWw.'' AXptIv kzbw`q
]dp: ""lrZbmZnXys IncW sXmqn Bdm
Wv. Nnq{X{LmWn kzcklnXw \nKfnp
{]W- h[mcbvv sXmqn Bdv AwKpeamWv. CSs
`pPn\Spv ISn{]-tZins heXp`mKv a[yn
]cammhmb lwkw \nhknpp. Fm \nKqV-
amb Cu hnj- b-sn Bpw AdnpIqSm. Aar
XXzw e`nhpam{Xta kIe kabhpw {]Imi- am\
ambncnp lwks Adnbm\mhq. {]W- hamIp
lwks BcnIambn [ym\nmsX tamw \nn
p- I-bn.
\hkq{Xm ]cnNnXm tXy ]nbZv {_
Ncn. AcmZntXy\ m\w a\pjymWmw. PK-
ZmZntXym tcmNX CXn mXzm tXaXymx hn_p
[mkv X]- \{]m- \mbp BNcn hmPt]bx
A[zcypx ]iplm Ct{mtZhXm Alnwkm
[ bmKx ]calwkx A[zmcyx ]camtZhXm
]ip]Xn {_tm] \nj- i-tZm-{_- . kzmymb-
bpm {_mWm-cn. Ai- A-hta[m almb-
- IYm X{ Zmm { _- N- cy- am- N- c- n .
Aizta[m almb-- IYm b{Zmm {_Ncy-
amNcn. kthjmw ]qthm {_b{Iaw
apn- {I- a- an- Xn. {_- ]p{Xx tlmhmN DZntXm
lwk Ejnx kzbw `qkvXn tcmZt[. cpt{Zm {_tm
]- \njtZm lwktPymXn ]ip]Xnx {]W- hkv Xm
cIx k Ghw thZx
hbpamb H]Xp \qepIfp btm]
hoXw [cnp- h\pw {_sap IcpXns AXns\
D]mknpp. Fm Ahv A-cmZnXy- {_-s
-nbp m\an. kqcy temIn\v {]Imiw sImSp
pp Fp a\nemn Ah ipamb _pnpw
m\n\pambn AXns\ {]mnpp. hmPt]b
bw ]ip]Xn cq]-amWv. AXns tZhX C{\mIp
p. Alnwk ]menpI Hcp almbw Xs. CXn
]calwkw F A[zcyphpw ]cammhv tZhXbpam
Wv. thZ- fnepw D]-\nj- pI-fnepw {]Xn]mZns- n
p Cu {_ss- bmWv kzmymb-bpcmb
{_m\nI Bcm[np- Xv. Cu almb- - s
-nbp m\w XsbmWv Aizta[b-w. CXns\
B{i- bnp am{Xta Chv {_m\w BNcnm
km[nq. apv kqNnn Fm {_b-hpw apn
\Im t]mXmWv. {_]p{X hopw ]dp:
""F\nv lwk hnj- b-Iamb m\w e`npIgnp''
CXptIv kzbw`q A{]-Xy- -\mbn. D]- \nj-pfn
]d- bp lwktPymXnp XsbmWv cp{Z. kwkmc
n \npw Dmcw e`nm\p {]Whw XsbmWv
]ip]- Xnsbv ]d- bmw.
D c ImWv Uw
1. lwkmamenImh {_tIme {]tNmZnXx
]camm ]pam-\nXn{_-k- nImcnWn
2. B[ymt {_ Iev]- kyBIrXnx IoZrko
IYw{_- m\ {]`mkymImtem KXn
[oaXmw lwkmtJym tZhammJy- amXXz {]Px
IYw
I K
N P
578
3. Ax{]- W-h\mZmtJymlwkx {]Xyb t_m[Ix
A KX{]am KqVw m\\mfw hncmPnXw
4. inhiymIw cq]-Nn- bm\ thZnXw
\mZ _npIem {XoWnt\{Xw hnizhntNjvSn-Xw.
5. {XnbwKm\n inJm {XoWn Zzn{XmWmw kmwJy
amIrXnx
AKpV{]am lwkx {]amWmnKXw _lnx
h- {_w lwkns P]w XsbmWv . ]cam
mhpw ]pcpj\pw CXpXs. B- m\m {_
Xpey\mbnp- hs\n Fp]- d- bm\mWv? m\nI
AhcpsS kabw {_Nbnepw D]mk\bnepw sNe
hgnpp. lwkhpw Bmhpw HmsWv m]n
s- Xn\ptijw {]P FhnsS? BcnI {]Wh\mZm
Adnb-sSp lwkw XsbmWv Fm m\hpw
\Ip- Xv. BcnIm\p`qXnbm _mly-m\w e`n
pp. inhin cq]-nepw Nn-bm\s\dnb-s
SpXpw AXpXs \mZw, _np, Ie Fo aqp
t\{XfmemWv PKv tNjvSbmbpambn cnp-Xv.
aqv AwK-- fmepw, aqp inJ- Ifmepw ctm aqtm
am{XIfmepw AXns BIrXn hyamIpp. Cs\
Am\w knnptm \nKqVamb Cu B-
m\hpw _mly-cq]nepw e`y-amIpw.
6. {_kq{X]- Zwtbw {_w hn[yp e-
Ww- lw- km {]W- h- [ym- \- - an- Xyp- t- m\
kmKtc
7. GX Zznm\ amt{XW m\kmKc ]mcKx
kzXxinhx ]ip]- Xnxkmo khky khZm
8. kthjmw Xp a\kvtX\t{]- cnXw \nb-ta\ Xp
hnjtb KXn. {]mW-t-jvSbtX hmKzZ Xy]n
9. Npx]- iyXn cq]mWnt{im{Xw khw irtWm
Xy]n A\ym\n Jm\n khmWn tXss\h t{]cn
Xm\n Xp
10. kzw kzw hnj-b-apniy{]ht \nccw
{]hIXzw Nm]yky- ambbm X kz`mhXx
PKXv kq{Xcq]- amb {_m\w t\SpIbpw lwk
cq- ]n- bmb kqcys\ {]W- h- ]qw [ym\n- p- Ibpw
sNWw Fv m\nI D]- tZinpp. C- s\bp
m\ kmZ\m m\ kmK- cns adpIcbn
sem km[npw. kzbw inh\pw ]ip]-Xnbpw Xs
bmWv khZm kmncq]n tim`npXv. inh
kIecpsSbpw a\ns\ t{]cnnpIbpw \nb-{np
Ibpw sNpp. Atl- ns {]`mhm a\v hnj-
b- fntev t]mIpp. {]mW {]hnpp. hmWn
Dcnp t\{X ImWpXpw sNhnI tIp
Xpw A\y--fmb kth{nb-fpw X-fpsS I
- fn hym]-cnpXpw Fmw ambbpsS ^eambnm Wv .
11. t{im{X am\n Nm[ykvXw kzbw ]ip]Xnx
]pam A\p-{]hnky t{im{Xky ZZmXn t{im{X
Nmw inhx
12. a\xkm\n Nm[y- kvXw{]- hniy ]cta-izcx
a\kvXzw Xky ktmb-ZZmXn \b-ta\ Xp
13. k Gh hnZnXmZ\y kvXssYhm hnZnXm Z]n
At\y- jman-{nbmWmw Xp Iev]nXm\ma]oizcx
X{Zp]a\p{]m]y ZZmXo \nb-ta\ Xp XX
p- hmIv ssNha\m\ym\nJm\n N
15. \ KXn kzbw tPymXn kz`mth ]cam\o
AIrhnjb {]XyIv{]-Imiw kzm
ss\h Xp
16. hn\mX {]amWm`ymw{_ tbm
thZ thZkx
{]XypKmm ]cw tPymXnambm km Xp al-ax
t{im{Xw Bmhns\ B{i-bn-p-p. ]ip-]Xn
XsbmWv t{im{Xn {]thinv AXn\p {ihWin
\IpXv. a\pw Bmhn A[y-kvXamWv. Cuiz
c AXn {]thinv Av hnsS \nesImv AXns\ \nb
{nv a\kv Xzw \Ipp. CtX{]- Imcw B Cui
XsbmWv kIe C{nb- sfbpw {]hnnp- Xv .
Fm BfpI Nnnp-Xn \npw Atlw `n-
\mWv. Atlw XsbmWv kIe C{nb-pw ZX
\pIqe-fmb cq]w sImSppXpw \nb- {np- Xpw.
AXpsImv t\{Xw hmWn, a\v XpSnb Fm C{n
bpw ]cammhns kzbw tPymXn cq]s {]m]n
m km[y-a. ]cammhv AxIcW-hnj- b--fn
\nsmw `n-\msWpw AXpsImv Xhpw {]am
Whpw IqSmsX AXns\ Xs Bmhn Adnbm {ian
W- sapw a\nemp- h\v ]cam m\w e`n
pw. Cu Bmhp XsbmWv ]ca {]Imi- kz-cq]w.
ambbmIs tLmcamb Xtamcq]- amWv .
17. XYmkXn IXw amb-kw`hx {]XyKm\n
XkvamXv X{]- am-Wm-`yw-kzm-\n-`qXym
NNnZv Lt\
18. kz {]ImsskIkw knt\mkvXn ambm
]cm-\n
hymh-lmcnI ZpjvtSy- bw-hnZym hnZym \ Nm\yYm
19. Xz ZrjvSym Xp \mkvtXy hXztahm kvXn
tIhew hymhlmcnI ZrjvSnkvXp {]Imim
hy`nNm-cXx
I K
N P
579
20. {]Imi GhkXXw XkvamZssZzX Gh
ln AssZzXanXn tNmn {]Imkm\y`nNmcXx
AXp \nanw {]XymKmmhpw ambbpw GIo- `hn
pIsb-Xv Hcp hn[nepw kw`hy-a. AXp t]mse
ssNX\y cq]nbpw kzbw {]Imi- hpamb ]cammhn
amb C FXv Xw \p`qXn{]-amWw Chbm t_m[y
amIpw. hnZybpsSbpw AhnZy- bpsSbpw hnj- b- hymh
lmcnIamWv. Ahbvv ]cammhpambn bmsXmcp kw_-
hpan. XXzZrjvSym Chsbmw anYy-bmWv. tIhew
Hp am{Xta kXyambnpq. Fmw AssZzXw Xsbm
sWpw AssZzXhpw At`ZamsWpw a\nempI.
21. {]Imi Gh kXXw Xkvam au\w
ln bpPytX
Ab-atm almbky kzb-tah {]IminXx
22. \ kPothm \ N {_\ Nm\y- Z]n In\
\ Xky hm hnZy- t\m{i- am XssYh N
23. \ Xky [tm [m \ \ntjt[m
hn[n \ NbZm {_mIw khwhn`mXn
XX Gh Xp
24. XZm ZpxJmZn t`tZm bam`mtkm ]n
\`mktX.
PK- o- hmZn cqt]- W-]- iy]n ]cmhnXv
25. \ XXv ]iyXn Nn{Zq]w{_- hkvtXzh ]iyXn
[[mnXz hmm Nt`Z kXn ln`nZy- tX.
Cs\ Fmw Htc Hcp {]Imiw am{Xw AXns\
n Gsd ]d- bpXns\m au\amWv t{ijvTw. Cu
al- mb m\w kzbw knn- - h Poh-cp- ]tam
{_tam atsXneptam A, Ah\v h- tfm [m
[tfm hn[n \ntj- [tfm C. khw {_ambn
ImWs-Sptm ZpxJmZnIsfmpw A\p`hs-SpIbn.
Cs\ ]ca{_- m\w knnh tIhew Nn{Zq]-
amb {_-stb ImWpIbpq. [-n-sbpw
[mnIXznsbpw hnj- b- t`Zapsnepw AXv `n-
amIp-p.
26. t`Zmt`-ZkvXYm t`Zmt`-ZxkmmXv ]cm\x
\mkv Xnkzm-mXn- tc-tI-W-kz- bta
hmkvXn khZm
27. {_ssh hnZytX kmmXvhkvXptXm
hkv XptX ]nN
XssYh {_ hnm\o In KrlvWmXn
Plm- XnInw
28. A[njvTm-\a\u-]ay- ahmMva\ktKmNcw
bZt{Ziy- a- {Kmly- A-cq]w tKm{XhPnXw
29. ANpxt{im{XaXyw XZ]mWn ]Zw XY
\nXyw hn`pw khKXw kpkqvaw N X Zhybw
30. {_ssthZaahrXXv ]pckvXmXv {_m\w
]caw ssNh]mXv. {_m\w ]caw ZntW
N {_m\w ]caw tNmtcN.
Fpw hncmPnpXv Htc Hcp ]cammhv am{X
amWv . ap Fm t`Zhpw t`Zmt`Zfpw Ah\n Xs
hym]nncnpp. hkv Xphmbpw AhkvXphmbpw Fs
maptm AsXmw {_w Xs. Cu nXnbn
{_m\nbmb Hcphs\ Fns\ {Klnm\tam
XyPnmt\m Ignbpw? D]- amclnX\pw hmn\pw a\n\pw
AtKmNc\pw AZriy\pw A{Kmly\pw AtKm{X\pw Acq
]\pw AarXyphpw t\{X t{im{X ]mWn, ]mZclnX\pw,
Ahyb\pamb B {_w XsbmWv khn\pw A[n
jvTm\w. Ahs apnepw ]nnepw t{ijvTamb {_m
\w Xs. CSpw hepw B {_m\w Xs.
31. kzmt\yh kzbw khw kZm]iyXn \n`bx
XZmaptm \ ap-_sskyh hnapXm
32. Ghw cq]m ]cmhnZymktXy\ X]- kmNn N
{_NcymZn`n[sx e`ymth-Zm h\m
33. kzicotc kzbw tPymXn kzcq]w
]camnImx
oW-tZmjm {]]- iynt\Xtc ambbm hrXmx
34. Ghw kzcq]- hnm\wbky
IkymkvXn tbmKn\x
Ip{XNnXv Ka\w \mkvXn Xky kq cq]nWx
35. BImi taIw kqw Ip{X Nnln KXn
XZv {_mhnXv t{ijvTx Ip{X Nnssh
K-Xn.
C{]- Imcap km[I Fmhscbpw Fpw Xs
Bmhns Dn Xs ImWpp. Cu `mh\map
\mb m\n am{Xa, Am\nbpw ap\mIp
p. Cu ]cmhnZy kXyw X]- v , {_Ncyw Fnh
bm thZm- amw aptJ\ knnpp. ipmx Ic
W- mcpw oW-tZmjamcpambnp- hp am{Xta ]c
ammhns\ ImWm km[nq. ambbn IpSpnbhv
km[y- a. Cs\ Xs kzcq]adnp ]q- Xt\Snb
tbmKnv P\\acW- -fn. khhym]nv Ftmpw
t]mtIXntm. AXpt]mse kzbw {_ambn Icp
Xnbnp-h\v HcnSpw htcXn. t]mtIXpan.
36. A`yky \nhrXymXphnipw
lrZbw `thXv
Blmc ipu Nnkyhnipn `hXn kzXx
I K
N P
580
37. Nnipu-{IamXv m\m-{Xp`yn
{Kbx kv^pSw
A`yw {_lahnm\-hnlo\
sskyh tZln\x
38. kay- Ivm\n\kvXZzmXvkzcq]w kIew Jep
Al- aw kZmmZCXn ln {_ thZ\w
39. {_hnZv {KkXn m\mXvkhw {_m
ss\h Xp {_-{XmZnIw khw
kymkytZmZ\w kZm
40. btkym]mtkN\w arXypxkvXwm\n
XmZrix Jep
{_kzcq] hnm\mXvPKXv t`mPyw
`thXv Jep
Blmcn A`yambnpXv ssIshSnm
a\v ipambnocpp. Blmcipn Nn ipnv
ImcW-amWv . Nnw ipambm m\w e`npw. {_
m\lo\t `ym`ymhnNmcw thq. ImcWw
kay-Ivm\nbpsS kzcq]w Am\nsb-tmse t`Z
m\bpa. `nph Rm\mWv; `yhpw
Rm\mWv , Fv m\ndnbmw. Fm {_m\n
khw {_abambn ImWpp. AXpsImv {_mW-
- {XnbmZn `mh\ Xs Ahs t`mP\ambno- cpp.
arXyphns\ BlmcambncpXp {_ A-
s\Xs Bbno-cpp. Cu kakvXPKpw Ah\v
t`mP\amWv .
41. PK- ZmXbm `mXn bZmt`mPyw `thZm
{_kzmXbm \nXyw `nXw kIew XZm
42. bZm`mtk\ cqt]- W-PKZv t`mPyw `thXXXv
am\Xx kzm\m `mXw `nXw `hXn {[phw
43. kzkzcq]w kzbw `pMvt \mkvXn
t`mPyw ]rYIv kzXx
AkvXn tNmZkvanXm cq]w {_ss
hmkvXnXz e-Ww
44. AkvXnXm eWm kmkm
{_ \ Nm]c
\mkvXn kmXntc tIW-\mkvXn ambm
N hkvXpXx
45. tbmKn\m am\njvSm-\mwambm
kzm\n Iev]nXw
kmn kv]Xbm `mXn {_mt\\_m[nX
46. {_hnm\ kx {]Xo- XaJew PKZv
]iy ]nkZm ss\h]iyXn kzm\x
]rYIv CXyp]-\nj- v.
B-cq]n PKns\ A\p`hnptm AXv
t`mPy- ambno-cpp. B-cq]n {_w Ftmgpw
`npsImncnpp. BcpsS B`mkam{Xambm Cu
PKv t`mPy-ambno-cpp; Ftm Cu B-cq]w
hnZnXamIpp, Atm kIeXpw {_m `n
s- Spp. Cs\ {_w kzkzcq]ss `n
pp. Fsm `mPy ]Zmw AXn\npw `n-
a. AXpt]mse AXv AkvXnXzcq]amsW- nepw {_w
Xs. {_anmsX Hn\pw AkvXnXzan. k-bpsS
eWw AkvXnXzamWv. k {_n \npw `-
a. {_amsX asmcp kbn. ambbn\nv Hcp
bYm hkvXphpw DmIpn. tbmKnI X-fpsS
Bmhns\bmWv ambbmbn kev]npXv. {_m
\_m[nXambn AXv Ahv kmncq]n `mkn
pp. Cs\ {_m\m\p`qXn ssIh m\n
Hcp ]t PKns\ Xs apn Imepw AXns\
Xn \nv hn`n- ambn Nnnpn.
]mip]- X{_-tm]-\njv kam]n-p.
Q
{]Wthm]\njv
1
3
Hmw kl\mhhXp kl\u
`p\p klhocyw Ichmhssl
tXPkzn\mh[o-XakvXp am hnZzn
jm hssl Hmw imnx imnx imnx
]c{_w R cp t]scbpw cnpamdmI
s. Rsf ]cn]mens, R Hcpanv IgnhpI
I K
N P
581
t\StW, R- fpsS A[yb\w tXPkznbmItW. R
At\ym\yw hntZzjw ]pe mXncntW. Hmw
imnx imnx imnx
1. ]pckvXmXv {_W-kvXky
hnjvtWmc-Zv `pX-IWx
clkyw {_ hnZymbmx
LrXmnw kw{]- NtX
2. HmantXyImcw {_
bZpw {_hmZn`nx
icocw Xky hyman
m\w Ime{Xbw XYm
3. X{X tZhmkv{Xbx t{]mm
temIm thZmkv{Xtbmbx
Xnt{km am{Xmam{Xm N
{]Xyky inhky XXv
4. EtKztZm Kml]Xyw N
]rYnho {_ Gh N
AImcky icocw Xp
hymJymXw {_ hmZn`nx
5. bp thtZmcow N
ZnamnkvXssYh N
hnjvWp `K-hm tZhx
DImcx ]cnIonXzx
6. kmathZkvXYmZyu
Blh\o-b-kvXssYh N
Cuizcx ]ctam tZthm
aImcx ]cnIonX.
1. B A`pXI-\mb hnjv Wphns\ kw_-n
{_hnZym]-camb clkyw ChnsS ]d- bm XpSpp.
2. {_thZnIfmb m\nI Hmw F GImbncs
{_sav ]d- npv . AXns ico- cw, m\w, Ime
{Xbw Ch \ncq]Ww sNs- SpIbmWv.
3. B Hmmcn aqp tZhm, aqp temIw, aqp
thZ, aqv AnI Ch Dsmppv. AtXm
sSmw aqp am{XIfpw Hcp Aam{Xbpw AXn
tNncnpp. AXv ]cainhXzns {]Xo-IamWv.
4. EtKzZw, Kml- ]- Xymn, ]rYnhn, Cu aqv A-
n Hmm- c- nse BZym- - c- amb AIm- c- n
Dsmppshv {_hmZnI hyamnbnpv.
AImcDImcaImc tNmWv Hmmcw cq]-snp
- Xv.
5. bPpthZw, BImiw, ZnWmn, tZht{i- jvT\mb
`K-hm hnjvWphns kzcq]w Ch "D' Imcn AS
p-p.
6. kmathZw, kzw, Bl- h\o-bmn, ]ctaizc, Ch
cpsS kzcq]w aImcn ASpp.
7. kqcya-WvUeam`mXn
lyImc{ a[yKx
DIm{ kmi
kvXky at[y hyhnXx
8. aImcmn kmtim
hn[qtXm hnZyptXm]aw
Xnt{km am{Xmkv XYmtbm
tkma kqcymntXPkx
9. inJm N Zo] kmim
bkvanwkvXp ]cnhtX
Aam{Xw XYmtbm
{]W-htkym-]cn nXm
10. \mkmZn kqcy kmiw
kqcyw lnXzm XYm]cw
11. Zznk]vXXn kl{kmWn
\mUn `n kzm Xp aq\n
hcZw kh`q-Xm\mw
khw hymss]yh XnjvTXn
12. Imwky Lm\n\mZxkymXv
bZm en]yXn imtb
HmmckvXp XYm tbmPyx
{ipXtb khan-Xn.
13. bkvan k eob-tXi_vZ
kvXXv ]cw {_ KobtX
tkmarXXzmb Iev]tX
tkmarXXzmb Iev]tX
79. AtXmsSmw "A' F Acw N{ aWvUe
ns kao]w \nesImpXmWv. kqcyaWvUens
kzcq]hpamWv . N{kzcq]-amb DImcw. Cu Hmmcns
a[y-n \ne sImpp. AXpt]mse An kzcq
]hpw (B Anbn ]pIsbXn) an t]mse
{]Iminp-Xpamb "a' Imcw nXn sNpp. Ahsb
N{, kqcy, An Cu aqp am{XIsfpw a\n
empI. Zo]-inJ- sb- - t]mse CXnepw inJ- bpv . AXv
Hmmcns Ahkm\`mK- p Aam{XbmWv.
10- 11 cmasXv Xmac hfbw t]mse Zriy- am\amWv.
I K
N P
582
AXv \mkmc{n \nv tXtPmabamb kqcyaWvU
es t`Znv Fgp]- o-cmbncw \mUnIp apIfn
kIe PohnIpw hcZm\w \Ipamdp \nesImp
p. 12. apapp tam- tmSSpptm HmpaWnbn
\ns- t]mse Hcp i_vZw apgpp. Cu Hmmcn\v
AXpt]msesbmcp kzcq]amsWv a\nempI. AXv
thZkzcq]- amIpp. AXv tIm kIecpam{K-lnp
p. 13. bmsXmcph\n Cu Hmmci_vZw eo\ambncn
pp. Abmsf {_sav ]d- bmw. Abm AarXXz
{]m]v Xnl-\mWv F Imcyn kwi- bn\hIm
i-an-.
{]W- thm]\njv kam]np.
Q
imn ]mTw
Hmw kl\mhhXp kl \u `p\p kl
hocyw Ic hm hssl tXPkzn \mh [o X akv Xp
amhnZzn jmhssl
]c{_w R cpt]scbpw cn s. AXv
R cpt]cpw Hcpanv PohnXw aptmp \bnm\n
Shc s. R Hcpanv IgnhpI t\Sm\n S hcs. R
fpsS A[yb\w tXPkznbmIs. R At\ym\yw
tZzjn m\nShcmXn cn s.
1. AYmXx kthm]\n,mcw kwkmcm\m
XoXw Akq{Xw imcocw bw hymJymkymax.
Akv anth]pcpjicotc hn\m]yntlmt{XW
hn\m]n kmwJy tbm tK \ kw km c hn ap n `h
XoXn tkz\ hn[n\m Aw `DuWHu \Cn]y
bm Huj[ox tkma cmocnXn Xnkr`nc]X
CXn Zzm`ymw A\pa{btX bmx Huj[bx tkma
cm o_lzox iX hn N Wmx _rl kv ]Xnx
{]kvXmx t\m ap Xzw lwkx
A\ cw kIe D]\njpIfpsSbpw kmc `qXhpw
kmwkmcnIm\mXoXhpw A kq{Xhpw Bb imcocn
I b s n ]d bp p. Cu ]pcp js icocw
Adnp Ignm Antlm{Xhn[n AhcpsS hn[nb
\pkcnv `qanbn \nn thZnbn ]dn tN
Aw \nt]nv aqen kqNnn aqp a{
sImpw A]tX XpSnb cp a{ sImav Spw
A`na{n Ww. {ItaW ta]d ctm aqtm Ep
I sImv AXmbXv _rl kv ]Xn {]kqX fmb Huj
[nI \t ]m]apcm s. Fw hcp B a{
fm ]qX am Ww.
2. bm ^en\ox bm A^em A]pjv]m bm ]p
jv]nWox _rl kv]Xn {]kqXmkvXm t\m ap
Xzw lkx
^eapXpw ^eanmXpw ]qhpXpw ]q fnm
Xpw _rlkv]Xn {]kqXhpamb Huj[nI \s ]m]
apcm s.
3. Pohemw \hmcnjmw am tX _[v\mtayj[nw
bmX Bbpcp]l cmZ] cmwkn ]mX bmXv
4. A]tX Aky t\ln Zzn]tZXpjv]tZ
5. bZaZv`nx _lp[m hncmw cpss{Zx {]PKv[w
bZn hm ]n imssNx khw XZo imt\m A`bw
IrtWmXp inhaoim\mb kzmlm
Pohemw... Fp XpSnb a{mepw A]tX
F a{ mepw A`n tjIw sN Ww. apI fn
sImSp Ap a{ sImv ]n n Pem
A`ntjIw sNpI. a{w sNmn Aw kv]inv heXp
ssIbn Pesa Spv a{]qhw t{]mWw sNpI.
6. A ckn `qtXjp Kplmbmw hniztXm
apJx Xzw bkv Xzw {_m Xzw cp{Z kv Xzw
hnjv Wpkv Xzw hj Sv Imc Bt]m tPymXn ctkm
AarXw {_ `q`phx kphtcmw \ax
khhym]nbmbn \o PohnIfpsS lrZb Klzc n
nXn sNpp. \o Xs bw, \o Xs {_mhv,
\o Xs cp{Z, \o Xs hnjvWp, \o Xs hjSvIm
chpw Pehpw tPymXpw ckhpw AarXhpw {_hpw
`q`phx kzx \n\v \a kvImcw.
{]mWmntlmt{Xm]\njv
1
3
I K
N P
583
7. B]x ]q\p ]rYnhow ]rYnho ]qXm ]p
\mXp amw ]p\p {_ W kv ] Xn{_ ]qXm
]p\mXp amw bZpnat`mPyw bZzm ZpcnXw aa
khw ]p\p Xw lymt]m f kXmw N {]Xn
{Klw Aar X a ky ar tXm ] kv X c W a ky arXw
{]mtW PptlmXyaminjymtm f kn {]mWmb
kzmlm. A]m \mb kzmlmw, hym\mb kzmlm
kam\mb kzmlm, DZm\mb kzmlm, CXn I\njvTn
ImwKpeym AwKpjvtT\ N {]mtW Pptlman, A\m
an Ibm A]mt\ a[y abm hymt\\ khm `n cp
Zmt\ {]tZin\ym kamt\.
Peta \o ]rYnhnsb ip ampI. ]cnip am s
]rYnhn Fs ]cnip \ms. {_ Wkv]Xnbpw ]cn
ip \ms. {_ `qX amb ]rYnhn Fs ]p\oX\m
s. Dnhpw A`yhpw ZpnXhpambnp Fs
khkzsbpw Pew ]cnip ams. Fs ]m]w AI
sebm s. Cs\ t{]mWw sNbv Xv cp XhW A`n
tjIw \Sn CXp ssIsImv thZn sXmv heXpssIbn
seSpv AarXakvXXz ar tXm]kvXcWakn Fpcnv
AXv ]m\w sNbvXv AarX {]mtW tlmayaminjytmkn
Fv ]dv AarX {]mtW tlmayamknjytmkn Fv
]dv AarX Xpeyhpw tlmatbmKyhpamb hkvXp \o
BkzZn npsp IcpXn {]mW\n BlpXn sNpI.
{]BW A]m\, DZm\, kam\, hym\ XpSn
bh Cu BlpXnIsf {]m]ns. {_n Fs
Bmhv AarXXzw BkzZn s.
sNdphnc Xhnc Chbm {]mW\nepw tamXn
chnc A]m\\nepw \Sphn c sImv DZm\\nepw
NqmWn hnc em kam\\nepw BlpXn sNpXmbn
kev]n Ww.
8. XqjvWntaImtaI Ejm PqtlmXn tZz Bl
h\otb GImw ZnWmu GImw Km l]tXy
GImw kh {]m b n ntb AYm ]n [m \ aky
arX Xzmtbm] kv]riy ]q\cmZmb ]p\cp]kv]r
tiXv kthy {]mWmhmt]m KrloXzm lrZba\zm
e`y Pt]Xv. {]mtWm f n ]camm ]hmbp
`n cmhrXx A`bw kh `qtXt`ymx \ `thZlw
IZmNt\Xn.
au\nbmbn Hcp BlpXn {]3Wmb kzmlm F Ep
sImpw A]m\mb kzmlm Fv Cu cv Blh\ob
nepw Hv ZnWmnbnepw Hv Kml Xymnbnepw
Hv kh{]mb nmnbnepw tlmanWw. Cs\
Av BlpXnIv tijw \nb am\pkmcw BlpXn
inw `nv AY ]pc kv XmZv tlm]cnm AZv`nx ]cnZ
[mXn C {ipXnb \picnv A`n[m\ kzcq]w AarXn\v
kv ]inv {Klnv lrZbn\Spv ssIshv P]npI.
An apJy{]mW XsbmWv F\nv {]mWnIfn
\nv A`bw XcWw F\nv Hcnepw Ahbn \nv
`bw DmIm\nS bmIcpXv.
cmw Jw
1. hntizm f kn sshizm\tcm hnizcq]w Xzbm
[mcytX Pmbam\w hnizw kzmlpXbx khm b{X
{_m AartXm f kn alm\thm Zbw ]pcptjm
tbm AwKpjvTt{K {]XnjvTnXx XaZv `nx {]Xn jn
man tkm f kymt AarXm bmhr Xtbm f
\mhn tXyjm Ghm m. [ymbtX f ntlm{Xw
Pqtlm aoXn kth jm tah kp\n` hXn AY
b]cnhrX Blp Xo tlmabXn tkzicotc
bw ]cnhbmaoXn
apJyamb {]mW, hrn sbp kan sbp D]m[n
t`Zm \o Xs bmWv hnssiziz\c \o Xs hniz
cq]s [cnpp. {_mhrX kzcq]n \nn
\npw Dmbnp hnizw Xpcobmnbn kIe Blp
XnItfmSpsamw hnebnpp. _mlymmhv tNmhnti
jsf sImv Cuh [ym\nWw. Cu ]pcpj Znh
khpw {]mWmn tlmaw sNpp. ImcWw ]c ammhmb
\ns kIecpw ]p{Xs\ tmse kwcnpp. AXp
sImv \o kIecpsSbpw ]p{X\mWv. \o \ns Cu temIm
lpXnIsf tlmanpp. kzw icocn bs
]cn h\w sNpp.
2. NXzmtcm f bkv tX Inw \mat[bmx X{X
kqtcymn \mw kqcy a em IrXnx kl {k
civan ]cnhrXx GIjn`qXzm aq[v\n XnjvTXn
bkvamZpx
icoc n AXyw kqva fmb \mev \nhrXy
nIfpv Ahsbmw Aam{XI am{XamWv. Cu \mev
AnIfnepw kqcymn Fp t]cp kqcya emIr
Xn bn ep An Gsd tXP p Bbncw civanItfmSp
IqSnb hym]Icq]tmsS inc n nXn sNpp.
3. Zi\mn \ma NXp cm IrXn cm lh \otbm
`qXzm aptJ XnjvTXn. ico tcm f n \ma Pcm
{hWpZmlhnchkvIXn A N{mIrXn Zmn
WBLA\C d AR`qXzm lrZtb XnjvTXn X{X
tImjvTmn \maminXx ]oXeoVJmZnXm\n kay
Kvhyymw {i]bnXzm Kml]tXym `qXzm \m`ymw
Xnjv T Xn. { ]mb n b kv Xz [ kv Xm n cy Iv
Xnt{km lnamwipx {]`m`nx {]P\\Im
Pohmmhv kh\mb Cuizcs cq]n
ImWs Spp. Amc Wm AXns\ Zi\mn Fv
]dbpp. AXv _oPw hncmSv apXemb \mev BIrXn tbm
SpIqSnb Bl h\obmn bmbn apJv nXn sNpp.
qeicocs Zlnnp icocmn qeicocs
I K
N P
584
B{ibnncnp PcmZnIfm oWnp t]mIpw. AXv
qe{]] amIp lhns\ {Kknpp. AXv A
N{mIrXn bp Zn Wmn bmbn Fm PohnIfpsSbpw
lrZb n nXn sNpp. tImjvTmn `nXpw
IpSnXpw BkzZnXpamb Fm hkvXpsfbpw \
t]mse ]Nnnv Kml]Xycq]n \m`nm\v \ne
sImpp. lntm]m[n kzcIq]ambn hncSv apXemb
hp Xmsg bmbn {]Xnjv TnX amb Pm{Kz]v\ kpjp]vXm
hm{]IminXamb Nn{Zq]amb N{ Fmn\pw {]`p
hmWv . kIeXnsbpw {]P\ \ ImhpamWv .
aqmw Jw
1. Aky icocbky bp]c i\mtim`nXky
Xky tIm bPam\x Im ]Xv\o tI EXznPx tIk
Zkymx Im\n b]m{XmWn Im\n lhowjn Im
thZnx tImcthZnx tIm t{ZmW Ieix tImcYx
Ix ]ipx tIm f [zcypx tIm tlmXm tIm {_m
tWmwko, Ix {]Xn {]mXm Ix {]kvtXmtXm
tIm ssa{XhcpWx I DZvKmXm Im [mcmt]mXm
tI Z`mx Ix {kphx ImPymeo, Imhm[mcm,
Imhm Py `mKu tI { ]bm PmtI A\p bmPm
tIUmIx kq hmIx Im iwbp hmIx Im f
lnwkm, tI ]Xv \o kwbmPmx tIm bp]x Im ci\m
Im Cb Im ZnWm Inw Ah`rY anXn.
bq]ci\mtim`nX amb Cu icocbns bP
am\ \mcv? ]Xv\n EXznpI kZkym Ch BcmWv?
b]m{X GsXmw? lhn pIsf smw? thZn
GXv? DcthZntbXv? GXmWv t{ZmWIiw? FmWv
cYw? GXmWv ]ip? BcmWv A[zcyq? BcmWv tlmXmhv?
BcmWv {]kvtXmXmhv? BcmWv ssa{XhcpWm? BcmWv
[mcmt]mXm? FmWv Z`? FmWv {kphw? FmWv
LrX]m{Xw? FmWm[mcw? FmWmPy`mKw? FmWv
{]tbmPw? GXmWv hmv? FmWv Alnwk? BcmWv
]Xv\n kwtbmPw? FmWv bp]w? FmWv ci\?
FmWv CnI? FmWv ZnW? FmWv Ah`r Y
kv\m\?
\memw Jw
Aky icoc bky bp]ci\m tim`nX
kymm bPam\x _pnx ]Xv\o thZx alXznPx
Alw Im tcm f [zcypx Nnw tlmXm {]mtWm
{_ Wwkn A]m\x {]Xn {]mXm hym\x
{]kv tXmXm kamt\m ssa{Xm hcpWx DZm\x
DZvKmXm icocw thZnx \mknIm DcthZnx aq[m
t{ZmWIeix ]mtZm cYwx ZnW lkvXx {kphx
khy lkv Xx BPy meo t{imt{X B[mcu
Npjo BPy`mKu, {Kohm [mcmt]mXx Xm
{XmWn kZkymx alm `q Xm\n {]bmPx `qXm\y
\pbmPmx Pnlzm CUm Ztmjv Tu kq{XhmIx
Xmep kpbp]mIx kvarXn Zbm, mnclnwkm,
]Xv \o kwtbmPm Hmmtcm bp]x Bim cibm
at\m cYx Imax ]ipx tImimx Z`mx _p[o{n
bmWn b]m{XmWn It{nbmWn lhowjn
Alnwkm Cbx XymtKm ZnW Ah`rYx ac
WmXv khmlykv an tZhXmicotc \nx kam
ln Xm hmcW kymw artXm hm]n Camw hm
{_bx ]tcXv GtI\ P\m Pptamw
{]m]v\p bmZnXn tamw N {]m]v\pbmZnXyp]\n
jv .
BmhmWv icocbns bPam\ _pn
]Xv\nbpw thZ almmcmb EXzn pIfpw Almc
XXzw A[zcyphpw Nnw tlmXmhpw {]mW {_W
wknbpw A]m\ {]Xn{]kvtXmXmhpw hym\ {]kvtXm
Xmhpw DZm\ DZvKmXmhpw kam\ ssa{XhcpWmcpw
icocw thZnbpw \mknI AthZnbpw incv t{ZmtW
Ieihpw ]mZw cYhpw heXpssI {kphhpw CSpssI
LrX]m{Xhpw Iw B[mchpw Iv BPy`mKhpw
Igpv [mcbpw Ap Xm{XI tlmXmhpw ] alm
`qX kZkycpw KpWw {]bmPhpw A\pbmPhpw \mv
CUbpw ]pw Nppw kq hmpw Xmepiw tbmhm
Ihpw kvarXn Zmbbpw imn Alnw kbpw ]Xv\n kwbm
Phpw HmImcw kvXw`hpw Bic i\bpw a\v cYhpw Imaw
]iphpw Imew Z`Ifpw _po{nb b]m{Xfpw
It{n b lhnpw Alnwk CnIbpw XymKw
ZnWbpw arXyp Ah `rKkv \m\ hpamIpp. Imin bn
shv icoc \miw kw`hnpItbm CXv ]SnpItbm
sNbvXm Htc Hcp Pw sImp Xs Abmv Nn
ipnIc amb m\hpw tamhpw e`npw.
{]mWmn tlmt{Xm]\njv kam]np.
Q
I K
N P
585
_rlvhytNm]\njv
1
3
imn ]mTw
Hmw hmMv ta a\kn {]XnjvTnXm at\m ta hmNn
{]XnjvTnXamhncmhoa G[n thZky h
BWokyx {ipXw ta am {]lmkoct\ \m[ntX
\mtlmcm{XmwZ[man EXw hZnjyman I kXyw
hZnjyman I XmahXp I XZv hmcahXp I
AhXp amw AhXp hmcahXp hmcw Hmw
imnx imnx imnx
Fs hmv a\n ncambncn s. a\v
hmn nc ambn cn s. kzbw {]Imimmth, Fs
apn Av {]XyamIWta. hmMv a\pIsf \n
Fs thZm\nm[mc amWv. AXn \m Fs
thZm[ymb\w \inncpXv. Cu A[yb\n Xs
bmWv Rm cmhpw ]Iepw Nnehgn psImn cn pXv.
Rm EXw ]dbpw kXyw ]dbpw Fs cnpI. hm
hns\ cn pI. Hmw imnx imnx imnx
Hmw tZho ln GIm{K AkoXv sskh PKZ
a kr PXv Ima teXn hnmbtX irwKmcI
teXn hnmbtX Xkym Gh {_m APoP
\Xv hnjvWpcPoP\Xv cpt{ZmPoP\Xv kth acpZv
KWm APoP\Xv Khm]vkckx Inw\cm hmZn
X3hmZn\x kamZPoP\ t`mKyaPoP\Xv kh
a Po \ \Xv khw im aPo P \Xv APw
tkzZPw DZv`nPw PcmbpPw bXv Inw ssNXXv {]mWn
mhc Pw Kaw a\pjya Po P\Xv.
tZhn GhpamZyw P\n p. tZhn Xs PKZs
krnp, tZhnXs ImaIe, irwKmc Iesbp {_
mhpw hnjvWphpw cp{Z\pw P\np. tZhnbn \npw
{]knn bmn Xpw tZhnXs. tZhnbn \nv kh
acppfpw Khmcpw A]vkckpIfpw Inc
mcpw P\np. tZhn XsbmWv Fm t`mKkma{Kn
Ipw Imc W`qXbmbnpXv Fmw tZhnbm krn
sp. APw, tkzZPw, DZv`nPw, PcmbpPw, ssNX
\yhmb kakvX {]mWn hw, mhcPwKa hyqlw,
a\pjyhw Fmw tZhn P\nnp.
2. sskjm A]cm inx sskjm imw`hnhn
Zym, ImZnhn tZyXn hm, lmZn hn tZyXn hm, kmZn
hntZyXn hm, clkyw Hmtamw hmNn {]Xnjv Tm.
sskh ]pc{Xbw icoc{Xbw hym]y _lncc
h`mhkbo tZiImehkvXp A{\kw Km alm
{Xn]pckpco ssh {]XyIv NnXnx
tZhnsb sbmWv A]cminsbp imw`ho
hnZysbp clkyw cq]nWn Fpw ]dbpXv . tZhn
XsbmWv {]Whs {]Xn]mZnp Ac XXzw, {]W
hkzcq]nWnbpw Fm ]mWnIsfbpw hmn HXpn
bhfpw tZhnXs. tZhn XsbmWv Pm{KXv kz]v\kp
jy]vXyIamb aqv Ahbnepw qew kqv aw
ImcWw Fo icoc {Xbnepw hym]nv Ahsb {]Im
innpsImncnpXv . tZiw Imew hkvXp Fnh
bpsS koabvpn hknpp. alm{Xn]pckpcn
bmb tZhn Hmtcm Pohnbnepw ssNX\yw Acpfpp.
3. sskhmm XtXm f \yZkXya\mm AX
Gj {_kwhnn`mhm`mhIem hn\napm
NnZznZym AZznXob{_kwhnnx knZm\ el
co, alm{Xn]pc kpco, _lncc\p{]hniy kzb
tassIh hn`mXn bZkv Xn km{Xw bZv hn`mXn
Nnm{Xw bXv {]nbam\w XtZXXv khmImcm
alm{Xn ]pc kpco Xzw Nlw N khw hnizw
kh tZhXm CXcXv khw alm {Xn]pc kpco
kXy taIw efn XmJyw hkv XpXZ Zz n Xo b a J
mw ]cw{_.
tZhnsb XsbmWv Bmshv ]dbpXv. tZhn
HgnsI Fmw AkXyhpw A\m hpamWv. tZhn ]c {_
mI t_m[w \nnp hnZyminbmWv. tZhn
{_ m\w \evIpp. tZhn knZm\ kzcq]nWnbm
Wv . tZhn Hmtcm hkv Xphnsbpw Dnepw ]pdpw hym]n
ncnpp. tZhnbpsS AkvXn `mXn {]nb Fo aqp cq]
epw knZm\ {]t_m[ IamIpp. Cs\ {Xn]pc kp
cotZhn kakvX e]Zm fnepw A[njv Tn Xbmbn
cnpp. \obpw Rm\pw tZhmcpw kIe {]]hpw
tij\pw Fmw tZhn XsbmWv. tZhn Xs efnXam{Xw,
kXyw tZhn Xs bmWv ]c {_w tZhnX s bmWv.
4. ]cq] ]cnXymKm
Zkzcq] {]lmWXx I
A[njvTm\mw ]cw XXz
taIw knjytX alXv II
AkvXn, `mXn, {]nbw, \maw, cq]w Fo Apcq]
sfbpw ]cn XyPn pIbpw kzkzcq]s shSnbmXn cn
pIbpw sNbvXm ]ns Ahtijnp ksb ]c
aXXzsav ]dbpp.
I K
N P
586
5. {]m\w {_tXnhm Alw {_mkvaoXn
hm `mjytX XzakotXyh kw`mjytX. Ab
amm {_tXn hm {_sshmlakvaoXn hm tb
f l akv aoXn hm tkm f lakv anXn hm bm
`mjytX sskjm tjmUio {iohnZym ]Zim
co {ioalm{Xn ]pckpco _memw_nttIX _K
teXnhm am XwKoXn kzbwhcIeymWoXn `pht\
izcoXn NmaptXn, NtXn, hmcmloXn, Xnc
kvIcWoXn cmPamXmwKoXn, ipIiyma tfXn hm,
eLpiymatfXn hm, AizmcqtVXn hm, {]YAb
BLCdB [qamhXn kmhn{Xo, kckzXo {_m
\ I te Xn , EtNm Atc ]cta thyma
bkv an tZhm A[nhntiz \ntjZpx bkvX thZ
InarNm IcnjyXn b C ZznZpkvX Cta kamktX
CXyp ]\njXv .
{]m\w XsbmWv {_w, Rm Xs {_w
Fo almImhy fm B ]ca XXzw hy am s Sp
p. AXv, \o, Rm, Fsmw ]dbptm AXns\
s bmWv \mw {]ISampXv. AXv GXmtWm AXp Xs
Rm. AXpw Rm Xs. {_hpw Rm Xs.
Bmhpw {_amWv. ]Xn\v Acw tN B
tZhnv _memw _n I, _Kf, amXwKn, kzbw hc IeymWn,
`pht\izcn, Nmapn, N, hmcmlo, Xnckv IcnWo, cmP
amXw Kn, ipIiymaf, eLpiymaf, AizmcqV, {]XywKn
c, [qamhXn, kmhn{Xn, kc kzXn, {_m\ Ie Fo \ma
fpv. Ahn\min bmb BImin kIetZhmcpw
\nhkn pp. B ]c amImin EXpfpw A[n hkn
pp. B ]camImisn th t]mse [cnm {ian
mh\v tIhew EpI ]TnpXp sImv Hcp
{]tbmP \hpan . AXv icnv a\ nemph\v am{Xta
]camImin imiz X\nhmkw e`npIbpq.
_lv hrtNm]\njv kam]np.
Q
{__np]\njv
1
3
imna{w
Hmw. kl\mhhXp . kl\u`p \p .
klhocyw Ichmhssl. tXPkzn\mh[oXa
kv Xp. am hnZznjm hssl. Hmw. imnx imnx
imnx.
]c{_w R cpt]scbpw cnpamdmIs.
R Hcpanv PohnXn aptmv t]mIpamdmIs.
Hcpanv PohnXn aptmp t]mIpamdmIs. Hcpanv
DukzeX t\Ss. RfpsS A[yb\w tXtPmab
amIs. R At\ym\yw hntZzjw hlnm CSbmIm
Xncns. Hmw imnx imnx imnx
1. at\m \n Zznhn[w t{]mw ipw Nmiptah N
Aipw Imakev]w ipw ImahnhnXw
2. a\ Gh a\pjymWmw ImcWw
_ tamtbmx
_mb hnjbmkw apssy \nhnjbw
kv arXw
3. btXm\nhnjb kymky a\tkmapn
cnjytX
Xkvamnhnjbw \nXyw a\x Imcyw
apappWm
4. \nckv XhnjbmkwKw k\ncpw at\m lrZn
bZm bmXyp\o`mhw XZm XXv ]caw ]Zw
5. XmhtZh \ntcmh bmhZv lrZn KXw bw
GXZv m\w Ntamw N AtXmt\ym
{KhnkvXcw
1......5. ipsapw, Aipsapw, a\v cp
{]Imcnepv . hnjbfmepw A`nemjfmepw
kev ] Dhn p XmWv a\v . CI
DbcmXncnpXmWv ipmab a\v . _\nepw
AXpt]mse Xs tamn\pw ImcWambn hn
pXv a\p XsbmWv. hnjbfn Bkamb
a\n\m _\w kw`hnpp. hnjbfpsS
A`mhamv a\n\v tamw knnpp. hnjb
kev ] clnXambncnptmgmWv a\ns ebw
I K
N P
587
kw`hnpXv AXn\m tamw B{Klnp km[
I hnjbkev] clnX\mbncnWw a\n hnjbm
`nemjw CmXncnpAhbmWv ]ca]Zw. AtXmsS
a\n kev] hnIev ] DbcmXncnpp. lrZ
bn hneo\ambncnpXphsc am{Xw a\ns\
\nb{Wnemm {ianWw. AXn\ptija
thXv. a\n lrZbw hneo\amIpXphsc am{Xw
a\ns\ \nb{Wnemm {ianWw. AXn\p
tija thXv . a\n lrZbw hneo\amIpXns\
tamsapw m\sapw ]dbpp. AXn IqSpX
]dbpXv {KhnkvXmcw am{XamIpp.
6. ss\hNnyw \ NmNnyaNnyw Nnytah N
]]mXhn\npw {_ kZytX XZm
7. kztcW km[tb tZymK a kzcw `mhtbXv ]cw
AkztcW ln`mth\ `mhm\m` CjytX
8. XtZh \njvIew {_ \nhnIev]w
\ncRv P\w
XZv {_mlanXn mXzm {_
kZytX {[phw
9. \nhnIev]a\w N tlXp ZrjvSm hPnXw
A{]taba\mZyw N mXzm N ]caw inhw
10. \ hntcmt[m \ tNmXv]n \ _tm \
Nimk\w
\apap \ apn N CtXyjp ]camXx
6......10. Nn\obhpw ANn\obhpw Xn Hcp
A\cIcWobhpw CmXncnpIbpw cn Hn
sbpw t\v {]tXyI Nmbvhv km[I\v CmXncnp
Ibpw sNp Ahkcn {_{]m]v Xnpff kabw
ASpspp. km[I\v {]WhneqsS Cuizc
\pambn sFIyw DmbnocWw. {]Whpambn khm
\m CWnb `mh\sImp am{Xw `hkzcq]\mb
]camhns\ {]m]nm Ignbpp. A`mhw sImv
AXv km[ya. `mh\bpsS A`mhn kam[n iq\y
XbmWv kw`hnpI. B ambmcq]amb a\v iq\yhpw
hnIev ]hpw AhbhclnXhpw Bb \ncs\-
sbmWv {_sap ]dbpXv. "B {_w Rm Xs
bmWv'. F `mh\bpw hnizmkhpw tNh\v {_
{]m]vXn e`npp. iq\yhpw A\mZnbpw A\ hpw
A{]]hpw ]ca IembWkzcq]hpamb {_ s
AXpambn A\\y`mhw ssIsmffm Ignbp h\v
e`n p p . krjv Sn bn , ambbn, _a\an,
tamm`nemjan. tamhpan F NnmKXnbpw
hmkvXhnIm\hpw t\Snbh {_ kmmXv mcw
t\Spp.
11. GI Ghmmathym Pm{KXv kz]v\
kpjp]v Xnjp
m\{XbmXv hyXoXw b ]p\ P \
hnZytX
12. GI Gh ln`qXmm `qtX `qtX hyhnXx
GI[m _lp[m ssNh ZriytX PeN{hXv.
13. LSkw`qXamImiw eobamt\ LtSbYm
LtSm eobtX \mImti XZzothm LtSm]a.
14. LShZv hnhn[mImcw Zayam\w ]p\x ]p\x
XXv `w N Pm\mXn k Pm\mXn N \nXyi;
15. i_v ZambmhrtXm bmhmanjv TXn
]pjvItc
Znt Xakn ssNIXz taItahm\p]iyXn.
11.......15. Pm{Kv, kz]v\w, kpjp]vXn. Cu app
Ahsbbpw ISh\pw Htc Hcp Bmhpambn
am{Xw _w m]nph\pamb hynv ]p\P
an. {]]nse kIe PohnIfnepw Cu Htc Hcp
BmhmWpffXv . N{ Htbpffq. Fnepw AXns
{]Xn_nw_w ]ebnSpw ]eXnepw ImWm Ignbpp.
Htc ]c{_w ]e icocfnepw {]Xn`mknpp.
icocw \inmepw Bmhn\v \miapmIpn. aIp
S s]mpXpt]msebpw ]nsbpw \nnsSp
Xpt]msebpw ]nsbpw \nnsSpXpt]msebpw
Dff Hcp Ahm hntijamWnXv. ambbpambn _
sv Pohmmhv Hmtcm icocfn {]Xn`mknpp.
Am\amIp AImcw \inv m\amIp
{]Imiw {]m]nptm am{Xw Pohmmhpw ]camm
hpw Xnepff sFIyw A\p`h tKmNcambnocpp.
16. i_vZmcw ]cw {_ bkvan
otWbZcw
XZznZzm\cw [ymtbXv bZotXv
imnam\x
17. tZzhntZy thZnXthy Xp i_vZ{_ ]cw NbXv
i_vZ {_Wn \njvWmX ]cw {_m[n KXn
18. {Ka`yky ta[mho m\hnm\ XXzX
]emeanh[m\ymo Xy tPXv {K atijXx
19. Khmat\Ih\mw. ockymt\I hXm
ochXv ]iytX m\w
enwKakvXpKhmw bYm
20.LrX anh ]bkn \nKqVw
`qtX `qtX N hkXn hnm\w
kXXw abnXhyw
a\km am\ `qXt\
I K
N P
588
21. m\t\{Xw kamZmb Ntc Zzn aX ]cw
\njv Iew \new imw XZv{_ml
anXn kv arXw
22.kh`qXm[n hmkwN bZv `qtXjp hkXy[n
khm\p{KmlItXz\ XZkv aylw hmkptZh
XZkv aylw hmkptZh CXn.
16......22. i_v Zhpw ]c{_hpw AcamIpp. Cu
cn Hn\p bw kw`hnptm atXv Ab
amb nXnbn \nesImffpp. CXp XsbmWv
hmkvXhnIamb ]c{_w. imn B{Klnp a\p
jy\v B Ac {_ssbmWv [ym\ntXv.
i_vZ {_sapw ]c{_sapapff cp hn[apff
hnZy [cntXpv. Ftm a\pjy i_vZ {_w
AXmbXv thZimkv {X icnv a\nempp
Atm ]c{_s {Klnm Ignbpp. `Ww
tXSp hyn sshtm Ifn Ctijw `W
n\v Acnbpw AXp ]mNIw sNbvXXpw tXSpXp
t]mse Adnhpffh {Kfn \nv kmcw {Kln
tijw {K ssIhnSpp. ]e \ndapff ]ip
Dv . Fm AhbpsSsbmw ]m Htc hn[amWv.
shfpp \ndamWv. AXpt]mse At\I k{Zmbfpw
Nnm[mcIfpw Dsnepw AhbnsemaSp XXzw
HmsWv a\nempp. ]pdsa ImWp t`Z`mh\
I \nkmcamWv. BcnIhpw kmh{XnIhpamb
XXzw {KlnpI. ]m ssX ISbpXn \nv sh
Inpp. Nn\w sImpw a\\w sImpw hnm\
abamb {_w Adnbm Ignbpp. m\ns
{]Imiw e`np Ignbptm An kam\amb tXPv
Ie {_ns `mh\ A\p`hthZyamIpp. "
IemclnXhpw \nehpw imhpamb ]c{_w Rm
XsbmIpp' F t_m[w AtXmsS m\npm
Ipp. DXmWv icnbmb m\w. kIeXnepw ASp
Xpw kakv X `qXm[nhmkhpamb B ]c{_XXzw
hmkptZh\mWv F Adnhpw kwPmXamIpp.
{__np D]\njv kam]np.
{_hntZym]\njv
1
3
imn]mTw
Hmw kl \mhhXp kl \u `p \p
klhocyw Ichmhssl tXPkzn\mh[oXakvXp
am hnZznjmhssl Hmw imnx imnx imnx
]c{_w R cp t]scbpw cns. AXv
R cp t]scbpw ]cn]mens. R cp
t]cpw Hcpanv IgnhpI BPns. RfpsS
A[yb\w DPzehpw tim`\hpamIs. RfpsS A[y
b\w DPzehpw tim`\hpamIs. R ]ckv ]cw
hntZzjw ]pem\nSbmImXncns.
AY {_hntZym]\njZpNytX
1. {]kmZmXv {_WkvXky hnjvtWmc`qX
IWx
clkyw {_ hnZymb {[phmnw kw{]tX
2. HmanItXyImcw {_ bZpw
{_hmZn`x
icocw Xky hyman m\w
Ime{Xbw XYm
3. X{X tZhmkv {Xbx t{]mm temIm thZw
kv {Xtbmbx
Xnt{kmam{Xmam{Xm NmXpcky
inhky Xp
4. EtKztZm Kml]Xyw N ]rYnho {_ Gh N
BImcky icocw Xp hymJymXw {_ hmZn`nx
5. bpthZmcow N
ZnWmnkvXssYh N
hnjv Wp `Khm tZh DImcx ]cnIonXx
Q
I K
N P
589
A\cw {_tm]\njns\n ]dbpp. A
`qXImhpw hnjvWpcq]nbpamb {_ns ImcpWy
m {[phmncq]amIp {_hnZymclkys
]dbp p . { _m\n I GImccq ]n
GsXmcp {_hnZymclkys ]dbpp. {_m
\nI GImc cq]n GsXmcp {_sbmtWm
]dnpXv AXns icocw m\w Ime{Xbw
Fnhsbn ]dbmw. Hmw Imcn aqp tZhmcpw
aqp temIfpw aqp thZfpw aqv AnIfpw Dv.
inhcq]nep Acn\v apc am{XbmWv .
AImcicocs Kml]Xynsbpw ]rYnhoXXzs
{_mshpw {_m\nI ]dbpp. DImcicocw
bpthZsapw ZnWmn BImiXXzsapw
hnjvWpshpw ]dnpv.
6. kmathZkvXYm Zyumlh\obkvXssYh N
Cuizcx ]ctam tZthm aImcx ]cnIonXx
7. kqcyaWvUeaty fY lyImcx iwJa[yKx
DImc{kmi kvXkyat[y hyhnXx
8. aImckvXzn kmtim hn[qtam hnZytXm]ax
Xnt{km am{XkvXYm tbm
tkmakqcyncq]nWx
9. inJm Xp Zo]kmtim Xkv anp]cnhtX
Aam{Xm XYm tbm{]Whtkym
]cnnXm
10. ]kq{X \n`m kqva inJm kmZriytX ]cm
km \mUo kqcykmim kqcyw `nXzm
XYm ]cm
11. Zznk]vXXXnkl{kmWn \mUow `nXzm
N aq[\n
hcZx kh`qXm\mw khw hym]yhXnjvTXn
aImcns icocw kmathZhpw Blh\obm
nbpw kzhpw inh\pamsWv ]dbsSpp. iwJa
[ynep AImcw kqcyaWvUen nXnsN
pp. N{kam\amb DImcw N{\n \nesImpp.
]pIbnm Ant]msebpw an t]msebpamWv
aImcw Cs\ aqpam{XI kqcy N{ An
Fo cq]nemWv . Zo]inJZo]ns apIfnse
tmWw {]Whns apIfnsetmfw {]Whns
apIfn Aam{Xbpv. B inJ Xmac\qens\m
XmWv. kqcyXpeyamb B \mUn kqcyt\bpw Fgp]o
cmbncw \mUnIsfbpw t`Znv aq[mhn nXn sNp
p. AXv kh`qXpw hcw \IpXmWv.
12. Imwky Lm\n\mZkvXp bYm{]obXn
imtb
HmmckvXpXY tbmPy imtb khanXm
13. bkvan hneobtX i_vZkvXXv]cw
{_ KobtX
[nbw lneobtX {_ tkm
arXXzmb Iev]tX
14. hmbpx {]mWkvXYmImimx {Xnhnt[m
Pohkwbx
kPohx {]mW CXyptm _mem{KiX
Iev ]nXx
15. \m`nt\nXw hnizw ipXXzw
kp\new
BZnXyanh Zo]yw civan`nmhnew inhw
HmSpsImp Xo aWnbpsS i_vZw imnbn
ebnpXp t]mse HmwImc tbmP\bm kh B{K
lfpw imamIpw. bmsXmn i_vZw ebnpp
AXmWv {_w. GsXmcp _pn{_n ebnpp
AXv AarXkzcq]hpw. hmbp tXPv BImiw tIim{K
ns \qdnsemcp `mKn\v XpeysamWv kev]w.
hnizw ipXXzhpw \nekzcq]hpamb \m`n m\
v \nesImpp. AXv kqcys\mw Fm hnizhpw
{]Iminnv awKfacpfpp.
16. kImcw NlImcw N Pothm P]Xn khZ,
\m`nc{mZzn\njv {Imw hnjbhym]vXn
hPnXw
17. tXt\Zw \njvIew hnZymXv ocmXv kncYm
ImtcW\m\mbpx
{]mWmbmssa]`nx
18. GXkv an hktX io{Lahn{imw almJKx
bmhnizkntXm PohkvXmhnjvIfXmw KXx
Poh Ftmgpw kImcsbpw lImctbpw
P]np sImncnpp. \m`nbn \npw ]pdsSp
Cu P]w hnjbhmk\ CmXmWv . ]men \npw
s\s t]mse Cu XXzw {]mWmbmaw sImdnbWw.
IStImem ]m ISbppXpt]mse NXpjvIetN
lrZbn nXnsNp XXzw icocn {`aWw
sNpp. Atm AXn Poh \nhknp#v\ izmkw
\nptm \njvIfXzw {]m]npp.
20. \`w \njvIew [ymXzm aptNyX
`h_\mXv
A\mlX[z\nbpXw lwkw tbm
thZ lrZKXw
21. kz {]ImiNnZm\w k lwk CXn KobtX
tcNIw ]qcIw apzm Ipw`tI\
nXx kp[o
I K
N P
590
22. \m`nIt kau IrXzm {]mWm]m\u
kamlnX
akv XImarXkzmZw ]oXzm
[ymt\\ kmZcw
23. Zo]mImcw almtZhw Pmew \m`n a[yta
A`njnNymartXss\h lk lwtkXn
tbm Pt]Xv
24. PcmacWtcmKmZn \Xky `qhn hnZytX
Ghw Znt\ Znt\ Ipcym ZWnamZnhn`qXtb
tZymhn \nesImp \njvIfXzw [ym\nv
hnip t\Sptm kwkmc_wssIhnSpp. CXlrZ
bn nXnsNpXpw NnZm\ lwks Adnbp
h lwks Adnbpp. lwkw F t]cn Ah
AdnbsSpp. tcNIw ]qcIw Fnh Dt]nv Ipw`
In ncambncppsImv {]mWt\bpw A]m\
t\bpw GIo`hnnv akv XIn nXnsNp
AarXw kmZcw [ym\ nX\mbn ]m\w sNbvXv lwk
Fv P]np [ym\nv `qanbn Ignbptm Pc
acWw tcmKw Ch DmIpn. Fp am{Xa. AWna
XpSnb AjvS knnIfpw hn`qXnIfpw e`nm
IgnbpIbpw sNbvXp.
25. CuizcXzahm]vt\mXn kZmZymkcXx ]pam
_lthm ss\IamtW {]m]vX
\nXyXz amKXmx
kZm Cu A`ymkn apgpInbncnpph\v
CuizcXzw ssIhcpp. ]ecpw Cu amneqsS
\nXy]Zw {]m]np.
26. lwk hnZymartX temtI \mkvXn\nXyXz
km[\w
tbm ZZmXn almhnZymw lkmJymw
]mctaizcow
27. Xky Zmkyw kZmIpcymXv
{]bm]cbm kl
ip`w hmip`a\yXzm b Zpw KpcpWm `phn
28. XXv IpcymZhnNmtcW injyx
ktmj kwbpXx
lwk hnZymanamw e_v [zm Kpcpip{iqjm\cx
29. Bm\amm\m kmmXv {_ _p[zm
kp\new
tZl PmXymZnkw_m hm{ia
ka\znXm
30. thZkmkv{XmWn Nm\ym\n ]Zamw kpanh
XyP
Kpcp`nw kZm IpcymXv t{ibtk
`qXtb \cx
lmkXz {]m]npIsb Cu hnZymarXn\p
Xpeyw \nXyX {]m]nphm\pXIp Hcp km[\bn.
lwkw sNp hynsb kZm `ntbmsS ip{iqjn
pI. ip`mip`Nnp Xp\nbmsX Kpcp Fmm]n
ppthm AXv AtX]Sn injy A\pkcnWw.
Kpcphn \npw Cu hnZy kmZnv Bmhn
Bmhns\ kmmXvIcnv \n{_s Adnv
hm{iamZnIsfbpw thZ imkv {X imk\Isfbp
\n tmNw ]cXyPn v kZm Kp cp ip{iqjbn
apgpIWw. AXv t{ibn\v F{Xbpw D]Icnpw.
31. Kpcptch lcn kmmm\y CXy
{_hoXv {ipXnx
32. {ipXym b Zpw ]camtah
XXv kwitbm \m{X XXx kakvXw
{ipXym hntcm[ \ `thXv {]amWw
`thZ\mb hn\m {]amWw
kmm lcn Kpcp XsbmWv amcpa Fv
thZw ]dbpp. CX{ipXnhmIyw kibclnXambn
s ]camamWv . {ipXnv hncpambm ]ns {]am
Wan. {]amWclnX ambnpXv A\ImcnbmWv.
33. tZlx kItemttbm \njvItem tZl
hPnXx
B]vtXm]tZi Ktaymku khXx
kanXx
34. lwk lwtkXn tbm {_qbmwtkm {_m
lcnxinhx
Kpcph{mpx e`ytX {]Xyw
khtXmapJw
35. Xntejp N bYm ssXew ]pjv t]K
Chm{inXx
]pcpjky icotcfkvan k _mlym`y
tc XYm
tZlnXambXns\ kIfsapw tZhPnXamb
Xns\ \njv Ifsapw a\nemWw B]v Xamb
Kpcp{]tZim AdnbsSp\\ Cu XXzw kh{X
ka`mh\tbmSpIqSn nXn sNpp. lwkmJy
{_mhnjv Wp inhkzcq]\mWv . Kpcp]tZim
Ah\v khtXmpJamb {_s Adnbm Ignbpw.
Fn Fbpw ]qhn kpKhpw nXn sNp
Xpt]mse Xs ]pcpjicocn AIpw ]pdpw
B {_w Xs.
I K
N P
591
36. DmkvtXm bYm temtI {Zhyam
temIyXmwXytPXv .
mt\\ tb amtemIy ]mXv
m\w]cnXytPXv
37. ]pjv ]hZv kIew hnZymXv KkvXky Xp
\njv Ifx
hrkvXp kIew hnZymXv Ombm Xky Xp
\njv Iem
38. \njv Iex kItem `mhx khss{Xh
hyhnXx
D]mb kIekvXZz Zp t]b ssh \njvIex
39. kIte kItem `mthm \njvIte
\njvIe kvXYm
GIamt{Xm Zznam{X {Xnam{Xssh t`ZXx
40. Aam{Xm ]cmtbm XX Du[zw
]cmXv ]cw
][m ]ssZhXyw kIew]cn]jytX
Xons {]Imiw sImv ]Zm Ip
Ignm ]w Dt]nmw. AXpt]mse m\w
sImv mXhyamb hnjbw AdnXn\ptijw
m\hpw Dt]nmw. kIfs ]qhmbpw AXns
Ks \njv Ifambpw IcpXpI. Asn kIfs
hrambpw AXns Ombsb \njvIfambpw IcpXWw.
Cs\bp kIf \njvIf`mh FmbnSpw
ImWmw. Iembpamb hkv Xp km[\bpw km[yw
IemclnXhpamWv . Iembpamb hkvXphn kh`m
hfpapv. Fm IemclnXamb hkvXphn bmsXm
cp `mhhpan. Hcp am{X ]cbpapv. AXn\pw apIfn
]cmXv ]camWv. kIfw ]tZhXmbpsapw Av
hn[w tNncnpXmsWpw {KlntXpv.
41. {_tWm lrZbm\w IWvtT hnjv Wpx
kam{inXx
Xmepat[y ntXm cpt{Zm eemStm
atlizcx
42. \mkmt{K ANypXw hnZym XkymtXp
]cw ]Zw
]cXzmp ]cw \mkvXn tXyhw imkv {Xky
\nbx
43. tZlmXoXw Xp Xw hnZymmkmt{K
ZzmZimwKpew
XZw Xw l Pm\obm{Xtm
hym]tbXv {]`px
44. amt\m]y\y{X \nn]v Xw Npc\y{X
]mXnXw
XYm]n tbmKn\mw tbm tKm hyhnnx
{]htX
45. GXp]caw Kply taXp ]caw ip`w
\mX ]cXcw Inn mXmx ]cXcw ip`w.
lrZbamWv {_ns m\w. hnjvWp lrZb
nepw cp{Z Xmephnepw atlizc s\nbnepw
nXnsNpp. \mkm{Kn ANypX nXnsN
ppshpw AXns Ahkm\ `mKv ]ca]Zsapw
AdnbpI. ]cmXv]cambn asmn. tZlmXoXamb B
{_w \mkm{Kn \npw ]{wKpew ZqscbmWv.
AXp XsbmWv AXns Ahkm\w. AhnsS
nXnsNp {]`p kh hym]nbmWv . a\v asmcp
m\v s]mbvsms. IpI ashnsSsbnepw
t\ms. tbmKpIfpsS tbmKw Ahnnw \Spw. AXv
Gsd clkyamWv . ip`Icambnsmpan.
46. ipm\marXw {]m]y
]camc \nbw
KplymXv KplyX\w tKm]yw {KlWobw
{]bXv\Xx
47. \m ]p{Xmb {]`mXhyw \m injymb IZmN\
KpcptZhmb `mb \nXyw `n]cmb N
48. {]`mXhyanZw imkv{Xw t\Xtc`yx
{]Zm]tbXv
ZmXm ky \cIw bmXn kn[ytX \ IZmN\
49. Krltm {_Nmco N hm\{]
`npIx
b{X X{X ntXm m\o ]camchnXv
kZm
50. hnjbohnjbmktm bmXn tZlmtc
ip`w
m\tZhmky imkv{Xky khmhtm
]nam\hx
ip m\amIp AarXw {]m]nv ]camc
XXzw \nbnpIbpw At Aw clkyamb B
hkvXp {]bXv\]qhw {KlnpIbpw thWw. Cu hnZy
]p{X\mht\m injy\mht\m sImSpcpXv.
bYm Kpcp`\pw `n]c\pta Zm\w sNmhq.
ampw Zm\w sNcpXv. CXn\v hncpambn {]hn
ph \cIw {]m]npw; Ah\v knnbn. Hcm
{_Nmcntbm hm\{]t\m Krlt\m k\ymkn
tbm Bbnsms, FhnsSsbnepw Xmakns,
]cam XXzw Adnh am{Xta m\nbmIpIbp
I K
N P
592
p. Hcph hnjbmk\mbmepw imkv {Xm\w
sImv ip`KXn ssIhcnpp.
51. {_lXymizta[mssZyx
]pWy]mss]\ en]ytX
tNmZtIm _m[Issh tamZ]cx
kvarXx
52. CtXyjmw {Xn]nt[mtbw BNmcykvXp
aloXte
tNmZtIm Zitbmw t_m[Ix m\
amNtcXv
53. tamZkvXp ]cw XXzw bPmXz
]caiv \tX
{]XybP\w tZtl kmt]mr
WKuXa
54. tXt\jvSzm k \tcm bmXn imizXw
]Zahybw
kzbtah Xp ktiyttl _npw
N\njv Ifw
55. Abt\ tZz N hnjpth kZm]iyXn amhnXv
IrXzmbmaw ]pcm h tcN ]qcI Ipw`Im
{_lXym ]m]w Aizta[mXn ]pWyw t_m[I
tamI Fnh t{ijvTcmsWv IcpXsSpp.
BNmcym Cs\ aqphn[apv. t{]cI amw
ImWnp sImSppp. t_m[I m\w \ntin
pp. tam ZmXmhv B ]ca XXzw Xs. B XXza
dnv Ah ]cammhns\ {]m]npp. KuXa,
tZlnse {]XybP\w Npcpndbmw. tIp.
AX\pjvTnm a\pjy\v imizXhpw Ahybhpamb ]Zw
e`npw. IqSmsX icocm`mKv \njvIfamb _np
hns\ ImWp cv Ab\fnepw Zn\cm{X
Xpeyambncnptmgpw BZyambn tcNIw ]qcIw Ipw`Iw
F {]mWmbmaa\pjvTnWw.
56. ]qhw tNm`mbpapmcy Atbp
bYm{Iaw
\akvImtcW tbmtK\ ap{Zbmc`y
NmtbXv
57. kqcyky {KlWw h {]XybP\w
kvarXw
m\mXv kmbqPytathmw tXmtb
tXmbwbYmXYm
58. GtX KpWw {]ht tbmKm`ymk
IrX{issax
bkvamtZymKw kamZmb khZpxJ
_lnjv IrXx
59. tbmK[ym\w kZm IrXzm m\w XbXmw
{]tPXv
m\mXv kzcq]w ]caw lwka{w
kaptcXv
60. {]mWn\mw tZlatyXp ntXm lwkx
kZmNypXx
lwk Gh ]cw kXyw lwk GhXp
inIw
cpw Dcnv BZyw bYm{Iaw \akvcnWw.
\akv mc tbmKap{ZIfm ]qPnWw. h, kqcy{K
lWw {]XybP\amsWp ]dbpp. Pen
Pesa t]mse kmbqPy ]Zhpw m\m ssIhcp
mw. tbmKm`ymkn\p sNp {iaw hfsc ^ew
sNpw AXp aqew khZpxJfpw ianIpw. ZpxJ
ZpcoIcnm {ianpI. kZm Cu a{w P]npsImv
tbmK[ym\fm m\n XmZmyw {]m]npI.
tbmK`ymk {iaw Ghpw KpW{]ZamIpp. m\w
sImp am{Xta ]cakzcq]w {]m]nm km[pq. Pohn
IfpsS icocn ANypX\mIp lwkw kZm hkn
pp. lwkw XsbmWv ]cakXyw lwkw Xs
in kzcq]sadnbpI.
61. lwk Gh ]cw hmIyw lwk Gh
Xp hmZnIw
lwk Gh ]tcm cpt{Zm lwk Gh
]cmXv ]cw
62. kh tZhky a[ytm lwk
Gh atlizc
]rYnhymZn inhmw Xp AImcmZym
]Imx
63. IqSm lwk GhkymmXrtIXn
hyhnXmx
amXrImclnXw a{amZnit \ Ip{XNnXv
64. lwk tPymXnc\q]ayw aty tZhw
hyhnXw
ZnWm apJam{inXy m\ap{Zmw
{]Iev]tbXv
65. kZm kam[nw IphoX lwk
a{a\pkv ac
\ne kv^SnImIcw Znhycq]a\q]aw
]caamb hmIyw lwkw Xs kakv X thZfp
sSbpw kmcw BWv. lwk ]cacp{ZbmWv. lwkw Xs
bmWv ]cmXv]cw kIetZhmcptSbpw a[y\mb
lwkw XsbmWv ]ctaizc. ]rYzn apX inh
hscbpw AImcw apX hscbpw lwkw XsbmWv
I K
N P
593
am{XIsftmse hyhnXambncnpXv . am{Xm
clnXamb at{m]tZian. lwkns A\p]a
tPymXnv tZhmcpsS a[yn nXnsNpp.
ZnWm`napJambn m\ap{Z kev ]nv kam[nbn
lwks kv acnpsImncnpI. \ne SnI
cq]amb Znhycq]hpw [ym\np sImWw.
66. a[ytZti ]cw lwkw m\
ap{Zm cq]Iw
{]mtWm]m\x kam\tmZm\ hym\u
N hmbhw
67. ] I{nssbcywm {Inbmin
_temZyXmx
\mKx Iq IrItcm tZhZtm
[\bx
68. ] mt\{nssbcywx m\in
_temZyXmx
]mhIx in at[yXp \m`nNt{I
chnx nXm
69. _ap{Zm IrXmtb\ \mkmt{K Xp
kztemNt\
AImtc hncnXymlpcpImtc chnkwnXx
70. aImtc N{`pthat[y {]mWiym
{]t_m[tbXv
{_{KncImtc N hnjvWp{Kn
lr`nnXx
m\ap{Zmcq]tmSpIqSnb ] lwks
a[y`mKv [ym\nWw. {]mW A]m\ kam\
DZm\ hym\ Fo Ap hmbpfpw ApI
t{nbfpw tN {Inbmin A[nIw _ehm
bnocpp. \mKw Iqw IrIcw tZhZw [\bw
FnhtbmSpw Av mt\{nbtfmSpw IqSnb
m\ in _ehcamIpw. in a[yn
Anbpw \m`o{In chnbpw nXnsNpp. BZyw
_ap{Z A`yknWw. \mkm{Knepw t\{Xfnepw
AImcmnbmWpXv . lrZbm\v DImcnepw
]pcnIfpsS a[ynepw AnbmWv. Ahbn {]mW
in ebnnWw. {_{Kn AImcnepw hnjvWp
{Kn lrZbnepw nXn sNpp.
71. cp{Z {Kn{`pthm at[y `nZytX
chmbp\m
AImtc kwntXm {_m DImsc hnjvWp
cmnXx
72. aImtc kwntXm cp{Zx XtXm kymm
]cmXv ]cx
IWw kwIpNy \mUymZu kvXw`ntX
tb\ inXx
73. ck\m ]oUyamt\bw tjmUiothm
[zKman\o
{XnIqSw {Xnhn[m ssNh tKmemJw
\nJcw XYm
74. {Xn iwJh{PtamwImc aq[z\mfw
{Zpt]mapJw
IpWvUeow Nmeb {]mWm t`Zb
iinaWvUew
78. km[b h{PIpw`mWn \hZzmcmWn
_tbXv
kpa\x ]h\mcqVx kcmtKm \nKpWkvXYm
]pcnIfpsS a[yn nXnsNp cp{Z{Kn
Achmbp aptJ\ t`ZnsSpp. AImcw {_m
hnsbpw DImcw hnjvWphnsbpw aImcw cp{Zsbpw
m\amIpp. AXns Ahkm\`mKv ]cmXv ]cw
nXnsNpp. IWvTw ktmNnnv \mUymZn in
sb kv Xw`nnWw. ]ns \mv Aan tjmUm
im[mcbphpw Du[zKmanbpw {XnIqSbphpw
{Xnhn[w {_c{ Kmanbpw kqvahpamb kpjpav\m
\mUntbbpw {Xn inJw h{Pw Hmw Imcbpw Du[z
\mfw XpSnbh {ZpIpSnbntev t]mIpXpamb
IpWvUen\n insbbpw {]mWsfbpw Nennv N{
aWv Uew t`Znv \hZzmc _nv h{P Ipw`I
km[\ sNpI a\v \nKpWamn {]kXtbmsS
]h\mcqV\pw BIWw.
76. {_mt\Xp \mZx kymmIn\yarX
hjnWn
jSvN{IaWvUtemmcw m\Zo]w
{]ImitbXv
77. kh`qXnXw tZhw kthiw
\nXyatbXv
Bcq]w XamtemIy m\cq]w \ncmabw
78. Zriyw Xw Znhy cqt]W khhym]n
\ncRvP\w
lwk lwkhtZZzmIyw {]mWn\mw
tZlam{inXx
79. kl{ktaIw hybpXjv SiXw
ssNh khZm
Dc ]TntXm lwkx tkmlanXy`n[obtX
80. ]qh`mtKlyt[menwKw inJnXymw
ssNh ]naw
I K
N P
594
tPymXnenwKw {Zpthmat[y \nXyw [ymtbXv
kZmbXnx
As\ Ccnptm, {_m\v \mZw
tIpp. am{Xa imnbpsS \mUnbn \npw
AarXhrjvSn DmIpp. jSvN{IaWvUew t`Zns
SpXpsImv m\amIp Zo]w {]Iminpp. kh
`qXfnepw nXn sNp ]catZhs\ Ftmgpw
]qPnWw. Bcq]w AImcs \innpXpw
m\kzcq]\pw hym[nclnXhpamIpp. khhym
]nbpw \ncRvP\hpamb B Znhykzcq]s Zinv
lwkw, lwkw Fp P]nWw. {]mWnIfpsS icoc
n nXnsNp {]mWm]m\{Knsb Acq]w
Fp ]dbpp. Cu Acq]a{w, \nXyhpw, Ccp]tm
cmbncn Adpqdp XhW P]nm lwkw tkmlw
Fp cq]ambnocpp. km[I kZm IpWvUen
\nbpsS ]q`mKv At[menwKtbpw inJmm\
v ]naenwKsbpw, {`qIpSnIfpsS ay `mKv
tPymXnenwKsbpw [ym\nWw.
81. ANyptXmlaNntymlaXtIym
latPmkv aylw
A{]mtWmlaImtbm la\wtKmkv ay
`tbmkv aylw
82. Ai_vtZmlacqt]mlakv ]timkv ay
laZzbx
ActkmlaKtmla\mZncartXmkvaylw
83. AtbmlaenwtKmlaPtcmkv ayI
temkvaylw
A{]mtWmlaaqtIm laNntymkvayIrtXm
kv aylw
84. Acymayla{Kmtlym\ntZtiymla
eWx
AtKmt{Xm laKmt{XmlaNpjvtImkv ay
hmKlv
85. AZrtiymlahtmlaJWvtUmkv ay
laZv `qXx
A{iptXmlaZrjv tSmlat\zjvSthyma
ckv aylw
Rm ANypX\pw, ANny\pw, AXy\pw,
PclnX\pw, {]mWclnX\pw, icocclnX\pw, AwKc
lnX\pw, `bclnX\pw, i_v ZclnX\pw, Acq]\pw,
Akv ]i\pw, AZzb\pw, ckhnlo\\pw, Kcln
X\pw, A\mZyarXkzcq]\pw, Ab\pw, enwKclnX
\pw, Pcmlo\\pw, IemclnX\pw, A{]mW\pw, AaqI
\pw, ANny\pw, {InbmclnX\pw BIpp. Rm
khmycymanbpw, A{Kmly\pw \ntieWcln
X\pw, AZriy\pw, hclnX\pw, AJWv U\pw,
ApX\pw, AZriy\pw, hclnX\pw, AJWvU\pw,
ApX\pw, A{ipX\pw, AZrjv S\pw, At\zjnt
h\pw Aac\pamIpp.
86. Ahmbpc]y\mImtimtXPkvtImhy`n
Nmcylw
AatXmlaPmtXmlaXnkqv tam
hnImcylw
87. AcPkv tImXakv tImlakv tzmkv ay
KptWmkvaylw
Aamtbm\p`hmml\t\ym hnj
tbmkv aylw
88. AssZztXmla]qmla_mtlym
la\cx
t{imXmlaZotLmlahytmla\mabx
89. AZzbm\hnm\Lt\m kvaylahn{Ibx
A\ntmlatemt]mlaIm
kv aylaZzbx
90. AhnZymImcylot\mlahm{Klk\tKmNcx
Aev t]mlatimtImlahnIev t]mkv ay
hnze
Rm hmbpclnX\pw, BImiclnX\pw, tXtPmc
lnX\pw, Ahy`nNmcnbp, Atb\pw, PclnX\pw,
AXnkqva\pw AhnImcnbpw kXzcPkvXtamclnX\pw
KpWmXoX\pw, ambmclnX\pw, A\y\pw AhnjbI\pw
AssZzX\pw, A]q\pw _mlym`yclo\\pw,
t{im{XclnX\pw, AZoL\pw, Ahy\pw, hym[nc
lnX\pw AhnImcnbpw CmclnX\pw AImhpw
Ate]\pw AZzb\pw B\kzcq]\pw hnm\L
\\pw AhnImcnbpw CmclnX\pw AImhpw
Ate]\pw AZzb\pw AhnZymP\nXImcylo\\pw
A\ev]\pw timIclnX\pw \nhnIev]\pw hntijm
nclnX\pamIpp.
91. BZnaymlot\mlamImikZr
timkv aylw
BssNX\ycqt]mlalam\NnZv L\x
92. B\marXcqt]m lamkwtmlacx
BImtamlamImimXv ]camt
iztcmkv aylw
93. Cuimt\mkv aylaotUymlalapa
]pcpjx
DXvIrjv tSmlap]{ZjvSmAlapcXtcm
kv aylw
I K
N P
595
94. tIhtemlw IhnxImytmlw
IcWm[n]x
Kplmi bmlwtKm]vXmlw Npjp
ckv aylw
95. NnZm\tmkvaylw tNXm NnZv L\\ntbm
kv aylw
tPymXntbmkv aylwPmbmtymXnjmw
tPymXnckv aylw
Rm BZna[ymclnX\pw, BImikZriy\pw,
BssNX\ycq]\pw B\NnZvL\\pw B\marX
cq]\pw, BkwnX\pw Ac\pw BIma\pw
BImin ]cm]ctaizckzcq]\pw Cuim\\pw
]qPy\pw, Da]pcpj\pw DXvIrjvS\pw D]{Zjv Smhpw
]cmXv]c\pw tIhe\pw Ihnbpw Imym\pw
IcWm[n]Xnbpw Kp]v Xmib\pw tKm]v Xmhpw t\{X
p t\{XhpamIpp. Rm NnZm\\pw tNX\sb
{]Zm\w sNph\pw NnZv L\\pw Nnb\pw tPymXn
b\pw, tPymXnpIfn shv t{ijvTamb tPymXnp
amIpp.
96. Xakx kmylw XpcyXptcymlw
Xakx ]cx
Znthym tZthmkvan ZpZtim ZrjvSm[ymtbm
{[pthmkvaylw
97. \ntXymlw \nchtZymlw \njv {Intbmkvan
\ncRv P\x
\ntem \nhnIevt]mlw \ncmJymtXm
kv an\nex
98. \nnImtcm \nXy]qtXm \nptWm
\nkv ]rtlmkv aylw
\ncn{ntbm \nbmlw \nct]tmkvan
\njvIex
99. ]pcpjx ]camlw ]pcmWx ]ctamkv aylw
]cmhtcmkvaylw ]qx
{]`pckv an ]pcmX\x
]qm\ssIt_mt[mlw
{]XytKIctkmkvaylw
Rm AImcn kmnbpw Xpcynsbpw
Xpcy\pw, AImcn\pw ]caamb ZnhytZhkzcq]\pw
Zpi\pw Zrjv Snm[mcamb {[ph\pw, \nXy\pw,
\ntmj\pw, \njv{Inb\pw, \ncRvP\pw, \ne\pw,
\nhnIev]\pw, \ncmJymX\pw \ne\pw, \nhnIm
c\pw, kZm]hn{X\pw, \nct]\pw, \njv If\pw,
]ca]pcpj\pw, ]capcmW\pw, ]cm]c\pw, {]m\pw,
{]]tm]ia\pw ]carX\pw ]pcmX\ ]q{]`phpw
]qm\\pw GIt_m[cq]\pw GIckcq]\pam
Ipp.
101. {]mtXmlw {]imtmlw {]Imix
]ctaizcx
GI[m Nnyamt\mlw ssZzXmssZzX
hneWx
102. _ptmlw `qX]mtemlw `mcpt]mlw
`Khm\lw
alttbm alm\mkvan almttbm
atlizcx
103. hnaptmlw hn`pclwhtcWymhym
]tImkvaylw
sshizm\tcm hmkptZthm hnizX
pckvaylw
104. hnizm[ntImlwhnitZm hnjvWphnizIr
Zkv aylw
iptmkv anip{Ix imtmkv aniiztXmkv an
inthmkv aylw
105. kh`qXmcmml\\kvank\mX\x
AlwkIrZzn`mtXmkv antkz
alnav\n kZmnXx
Rm {]m\\pw, {]im\pw, {]Imicq]\pw,
]ctaizc\pw, ssZzXmssZzXpw `namb GI
Nnyam\\pw, _p\pw `qX]meI\pw {]Imikzcq]
\pamb `Khm\pw almtb\pw, alm\mb atliz
c\pw hnap\pw hn`phpw t{ijv T\pw, sshizm\c\pw
hmkptZh\pw, hnizNpkzcq]\pw hnizm[nI\pw
hnizImhmb hniZ\pw hnjv Wphpw ip\pw
imkzcq]\pw, imizX\pw, inh\pw, khm`qXm
cmmhpw, kzalnabn nXnsNbv XpsImv
Ftmgpw {]Imiam\\mbncnph\pamIpp.
106. khmcx kzbw tPymXnx khm[n]
Xnckv aylw
kh`qXm[nhmtkmlwkhhym
]okzcmUlw
107. kakvX kmo khmm
kh`qX Kplmibx
kth{nbKpWm`mkx kth{nb
hnhnXx
108. m\{XbhyXotXmlwkhm\p
{KmltIm kvaylw
knZm\]qmm khpt{]am
kv ]tZmkv aylw
I K
N P
596
109. knZm\amt{Xmlwkz{]Imtim
kv anNnZv Ln\x
kzkzcq]km{Xknkhm
tImkv aylw
110. khm[njvTnXkm{Xx kzm_\
ltcmkvaylw
khKymtkmkvaylw kh{ZjvSm
kczm\p`qclw
Ghw tbm thZ Xtz\ sskh
]pcpj DNytX CXyp]\njXv
Rm khmc\pw tPymXnkzcq]\pw khm[n]
Xnbpw kakv X`qXfpw Fn XsbmWv hknp
Xv . Rm khym]nbpw, km{ampamIpp. Rm
XsbmWv khn\pw kmn. Rm khmmhpw
kh`qXfpsSbpw, Kplymib\pamIpp. Rm
kt{nbclnX\pw BIpp. Rm m\{XbmXo
X\pw Fmhscbpw A\p{Klnph\pamIpp. Rm
XsbmWv FmhcpsSbpw t{]an\v Bkv]Zambncn
p knZm\]qmmhv. Rm knZm\am
{X\pw kzbw {]Imi\pamb NnZvL\cq]\pamIpp.
Rm kXykzcq]\pw, km{X\pw knnbpw khm
mhpamIpp. Rm khm[mccq]\pw, kXykzcq]\pw
kzmm_\lmhpw BIpp. Rm Fmhtc
bpw {Kknph\pw, Fmw ImWph\pw, khm\p`
hcq]\pamIpp. C{]Imcw Xzw {Klnph\mWv
]pcpj Fv Cu D]\njp ]dbpp.
{_hntZym]\njv kam]np
Q
{_tm]\njv
1
3
imna{w
Hmw kl\mhhXp kl\u `p \p
klhocyw Ichmhl tXPkzn\m h[oX akvXp
amhnZznjmh ssl Hmw imnx imnximnx
]c{_w Rsf cpt]cpw Hcpanv cns.
R cpt]cpw Hcpanv aptmp t]mIs Hcpanv
Ignhp I {]Zinns. RfpsS A[yb\w
tXPkznbmIs R Ielnm CShcmXncns.
Hmw imnx imnx imnx
1. AYmky ]pcpjky NXzmcn m\m\n `hn
\m`nlrZbw IWvTw aq[m N X{X NXpjv ]mZw
{_ hn`mXn PmKcntX {_m kz]vt\ hnjvWp
kpjp]v Xu cp{Zkv Xpcobacw k BZntXym
hnjv Wptizc kzbaa\kvIat{im{Xa]mWn
]mZw tPymXn hnZnXw b{X temIm \temIm tZhm
\ tZhmthZm \ thZm b\ bm amXm \
amXm ]nXm \ ]nXm kv \pjm \ kv\pjm NWvU
tem \ Nmex ]uevkx {iatWm \ {iaWx
Xm]tkm \ Xm]kx GItah XXv ]c{_
hn`mXn \nhmWw
3. \ {X tZhm Ejb ]nXcx CtX {]Xn
_pkhhntZymXn
4. lrZnmx tZhXm khm lrZn {]mWm
{]XnjvTnXm lrZn {]mW tPymXn {XnhrXv
kq{Xw N XZznZp ssNXt\y XnjvTXn
5. btm]hoXw ]caw ]hn { Xw { ]Pm]
tXbXv klPw ]pckv XmXv Bbpjya{Kyw
{]Xnap ip{`w btm]hoXw _eakv Xp
tXPx
1. icocn \m`n lrZbw IWvTw {_c{w Cu
\msew Bmhns hntijm\fmWv . Ahbn
\mep NcWfpff {_w {]ImibabamIpp. Pm{KXv ,
kz]v\w, kpjp]vXn,Xpcobw CXmWv Bmhns \mev
AhI. Chbn P{Kn {_cq]nepw
kz]v \n hnjv Wp cq]nepw {]Imiabambn
`hnpp.Bmhv, a\v C{nb, Imev, ssI Ch
sbmpw CmXmWv. AXv {]Imiabambn Adnb
sSpp.
2. Cu Bmhv AXmbXv {_w temIn temIkz
cq]a. amXmhv amXrcq]ne, `oe `oecq]ne,
I K
N P
597
k\ymkn k\ymknbpsS cq]ne, hm\{]n hm\{]
nbpsS cq]nepa, Fm Cu {_w kZm Hp
Xsbmbn \nhmW kzcq]ambn {]Iminpp.
3. Cu {_n tZhKWtfm EjnItfm ]nXypKW-
tfm Hcp Ignhpw Dsmffpn. m\w sImp
am{Xta AXns\ Adnbm km[nq. AXv hnZymkzcq
]amIpp.
4. Fm PohnIfpsSbpw lrZbn kakvX tZhXIfpw
\nesImffpp. lrZbnemWv {]mW. ]cammhv
aqp kzcq]n ImWsSpp. Cu XYyw kqNnnp
Xn\mbn aqp Cgbpff bkq{Xw AYhm ]qWq
[cnpp. AXns XXzadnbph AXv hniZampp.
]cammhv lrZbn ssNX\ykzcq]ambn hkn
pp.
5. AXns kqN\ \Ip btm]hoXw Ghpw
]cnipamWv . AXv BZys {]Pm]XntbmsSmw
DmbXmWv Bbpjv IcamWXv. AXp a\nemn \o
Dzehpw Dahpamb btm]hoXw [cnWw. AXv
_eZmbIhpamWv.
6. k inJw h]\w IrXzm
_ln kq{Xw XytPXv _p[x
bZcw ]cw {_
XXv kq{X anXn [mctbXv
7. kq\mXv kq{XanXymlp
kq{Xw \ma ]cw ]Zw
XXv kq{Xw hnZn Xw tb\
k hnt{]mthZ]mcKx
8. tb\ khanZw t{]mXw
kqt{X aWnKWm Ch
XXv kq{Xw [mctbtZymKo
tbmKhnXzZinhm
9. _lnx kq{Xw XytPXv hnZzm
\tbmKXzap]mnXx
{_ `mhanZw kq{Xw
[mctbXv bx ktNX\x
10. [mcWmky kq{Xky
t\mnjv tSm \mipNn`thXv
kq{X aKXw tbjmw
m\btm]hoXn\mw
tX ssh kq{XhntZmtemtI
tX Xp btm] hoXn\x
6. inJtbmsSmw ap\w sNbvXXn\ptijw AXmbXv
k\ymknbmbXn\p tijw PmRm\nv {_kq{Xw
ssIshSnbmw bmsXmns\ Ahn\minbmb ]c{_
sav ]dbpp. AXp Xs Cu kq{Xns cq]n
sep {Klnp. AXns\ lrZbn [cnpI.
7. ]c{_w lrZbn IpSn sImffppshv ]dbp
Xv . kq{XsaXns Aw ]ca]ZsamWv. Cu
kq{Xns XXzw {Klnh {_mWthZ]mc
KmanbmWv.
8. NcSnt Ipcp tImnWpXpt]mse
]c{_n kakvXhnizhpw tImnWsn
cnpp. AXpsImASmWv kq{Xsa t] InnbXv.
XXz {ZjvSmfpw tbmKthmfpw Bbh CXv amdv
[cntXmWv.
9. Da tbmKamw ]npScp m\n ]pdsabpff
kq{Xw (]qWq) Dt]np sImffs. {_kzcq]s
AdnbpXmWv kq{Xw. Cu kq{Xw [cnph AtX
ssNX\y kzcq]w Xs. Cu kq{Xw [cnpXp sImv
a\pjy A]hn{X\mIpn.
10. m\amIp btm]hoXw [cnp ]pcpj-
mcpsS lrZbn {_cq]amb kq{Xw Dv. As\
bpffhcmWv kq{Xns hmkvXhnInXn a\nem
pXv. AhcmWv bYmnepff bm]hoXw
[cnph.
11. m\ inJnt\m m\\njvTm
m\ btm]hoXn\x
m\tah ]cw tXjmw
]hn{Xw m\apNytX
12. Atcnh inJm \m\ym
bky m\abo inJm
k inJoXypNytXhnZzm
tXtc tIi [mcnWx
13. IaWy[nIrXm tb Xp
sshZnIm {_mWmZbx
ssXXc`n[mXyanZw kq{Xw
{InbmwKw Xn ssh kv arXw
14. inJm m\abobky
D]hoXw N Xbw
{_mWyw k^ew Xky
CXn {_ hntZm hnZpx
I K
N P
598
15. CZw bPvtRm]hoXw Xp
]caw bXv ]mcmbWw
k hnZzm btm]hoXn
kymXv kXw bn\w hnZpx
11. m\amIp inJ tNhcpw m\n Xs
\njvT tNcphcpw BbhcpsS btm]hoXs
kw_nmsWn bYm m\amWv Ahsc
]cnipcmpXv .
12. bmsXmcp hynv AninJnsbt]mse m\
nsXmb inJtNcpp. Abmv thsdmcp inJ
th, Ahs\bmWv bYm inJm[mcnbmbpw m\n
bmbpw KWntXv.
13. sshZnIv A[nImcnbmbnpff {_mW
]qWq [cntXpv . FpsImsm AXns\
{InbbpsS AwKambn kzoIcnsncnpp.
14. bmsXmcphs inJ m\abnbmWv Abmfm-
Wv {_thmhv. AXpt]mse m\abamb btm
]hoXapffh\mWv {_mWXzns ]qn tN
h.
15. m\w XsbmWv btm]hoXw. AXpXs
bmWv kht{ijv Tw. AXn\m Pv Rm\nbmWv bYm
n btm]hoXw [cnph. AbmfmWv icn
bmb bPzmhv.
16. GtIm tZh kh `qtXjp KqVx khhym]o
khhym]o
kh`qXmcmm Im[yx
kh `qXm[n
hmkx kmo tNXm tIhtem \nKpW
17. GtImhio kh`qXmcmm
GIw cq]w _lp[m bx ItcmXn
Xamw tb\p ]iyn [ocm
kvtXjmw imnx imizXo t\Xtcjmw
18. Bm\acWnw IrXzm
{]Whw tNmcmcWnw
[ym\ \nY\m`ymkm
t{Xw ]tiyn KqVhXv
19. Xntejp ssXew Z[\oh kn
cw]x t{kmXx kzcWojp Nmn
Gham\y]n PmbtX fku
ktXyss\\w X]km tb f\p ]iyXn
20. Du\m`n bYm X\q
krtX kwlXy]n
Pm{KXv kz]vt\ XYm Pothm
KXymKtX ]p\x
16. GI\mb ]cammhv FmPohnIfnepw KqV\pw
khhym]nbpw kIe `qXfpsSbpw Acmmhpw
kIecpsSbpw Isf \nban _np
h\pw kIe PohnIfpsSbpw kmnbpw ssNX\ykzcq
]\pw ip\pw \nKpW\pamIpp.
17. B GI\pw kIeXns\bpw himph\pw
kIe`qXfpsSbpw Acmmhpamb bmsXmv Xs
GIamb cq]w At\I {]Imcn {]ISampp.
AXns\ bmsXmcp _pnam Xn HXpnbncnp
Xmbn ImWpp, Ahp am{XamWv imn, A\y.
18. Bmhns\ Xmgs AcWnbmbpw Hmmcs
apIfnes AcWnbmbpw Xov [ym\amIp IStIm
epsImv ISv A{]ISamb Bmhns\ kmmXvI
cnWw.
19. F{]Imcw Fffn Fbpw ssXcn s\pw {]hml
n Pehpw hndIn Anbpw A{]IScq]n \ne
sImffpp. AXpt]mse Bmhpw \psS Dffn
\nesImffpp. B Bmh vX]psImpw kXyw
sImpw {]ISamIpp.
20. FpImen F{]Imcw \qepI ]pdsSppIbpw
Ah Xntev henpIbpw sNpp. AXpt]mse
Pohmmhpw Pm{KZhbnepw kz]v \mhbnepw
hpw t]mbpancnpp.
21. t\{Xw PmKcnXw hnZymXv
IWvtT kz]v\w kamhntiXv
kpjp]vXw lrZbkvXw Xp
Xpcobw aqZ[v\n kwnXw
22. btXm hmtNm \nht
A{]m]y a\km kl
kv]taXohky
bmXzmapNytX _p[x
23. khhym]n\amm\w
otc kncnhnXw
BhnZymXt]maqew
XZv {_tm]\njXv]Zw
XXv{_tm]\njXv ]ZanXn
21. Pm{KZhbnse sshizm\cs\p t]cpff Bmhv
t\{Xnencnpp. kz]v \mhbnse ssXPk
I K
N P
599
Bmhv lrZbn, \memasXmb Xpcobmh
bn Bmhv {_c{nencnpp Cs\
a\nemtXpv.
22. bmsXmcnSv a\pjys hmWnbpw a\pw sN
m km[npn, As\bpff Bmhns
m\s a\nemn m\nbmb hyn ap\m
bnocpp.
23. ]men s\st]mse kIeZnnepw hym]vXamb
Bmhv X]n\m {]m]nm Ignbpw Cu Bmhv
XsbmWv {_w. CXmWv D]\njpIfpsS ]ca]Zw.
{_tm]\njv kam]np.
Q
`nptIm] \njv
1
3
imn ]mTw
Hmw ]qaZx ]qanZw ]qmXv ]qp
ZNytX ]qky ]qmZmb ]qtahm hin
jytX
Cu ]c {_ ]q amIpp. Cu {]]hpw ]q
amIpp. ]qmb ]c{_n \nv ]qamb Cu
{]] apmIpp. ]q n \npw ]qw FSpp
Ignmepw ]qw Xs Ahtijnpp.
1. AY `nqWmw tammn\x IpSoNI_
lpZIlw k]calwtkmtXn NXzmcx
tamw Imwnp `np, IpSoNI, _lq
ZI, lwk, ]c alwk Fo \mep {]Imc nepv.
2. IpSoNnIm \ma KuXa `cZzmP bmhevIy
hkn jv T {] `r Xtbm Ajv Su {Kmkmw ctm
tbmK amt tamtah {]mbt
IpSoNnI F hn`mKn s]Sp k\ymknKu
Xa `c ZzmP bmhevIy hknjvT Fnhsc
tmse Fp DcpfI am{Xw `npsImv tbmKam
n IqSn tamw tXSpp.
3. AY _lqZtIm \ma {XnZIaep inJm
b tm]ho X Imjmb hkv{X [mcntWm {_jn
Krtl a[p amwkw hP bnXzm Ajv Tu {Km k
ss`mN cWw IrXzm tbmKamt tamtah
{]m bt
_lqZI F hn`mKn s]Sp k\ymkn
{XnZw Iaep inJm kq{Xw Imjmbhkv{Xw Fnh
[cnv a[p amwkw Fnh hnv {_jnamcpsS Krl
n \npw Fv Dcpfam{Xw Blmcw IgnpIbpw tbmK
amw aptJ\ tamw At\zjnpIbpw sNpp.
4. AY lwkm \ma {Kma GIam{Xw \Ktc ]
cm{Xw tt{X k]vX cm{Xw XZp]cn Xhtkbpwx
tKmaq{X tKmabmlmcntWm \nXyw Nm{mbW]cm
bWx tbmtK tamamtah {]mbt
lwkhn`mKn s]Sp k\ymknam {Kman
Hcp cm{Xnbpw \Kcn Ap cm{Xnbpw t{Xn
Ggp cm{Xnbpw am{Xw hknpp. Ah tKmaq{XtKmabm
lmcnIfpw \nXyhpw Nm{mbW {hXw A\pjvTnp hcpw
BWv. Ch tbmKamn IqSn tamw tXSpp.
5. AY ]calwkm \ma kwhImcpWntizX
tIXp PU`cX Zmt{Xb ipI hmatZh lmco
X{]`rXtbm Au {Kmkmwctm tbmK amt
tamtah {]mbt hraqte iq\yKrtl
ivaim\ hmknt\m hm kmw_ cm hm ZKw_cm
hm \ tXjmw [m[ em`mem`u ipmipu
ssZzX hPnXm ka tem jv Sm Im\m kh
htjp ss`mNcWw IrXzm kh{Xmss
thXn ]iyn AY PmX cq][cm\nZzzmx \njv]
cn{Klm ip[ym\ ]cmbWm B\njvTm {]mW
km cWmw btYm Imte ss`amNcx
iq\ym Kmc tZh Krl Xr WIq Sh ev aoI hr aqe
Ipemeimemntlm{X imem\ Zo]pfn\KncnIc
Iplc tImSc \nQc nte X{X {_ am
t kayIv km ipam\kmx ]calwkm
I K
N P
600
Nc tW\ k\ymtk\ tZlXymKw hn tX ]c
alwkm \mtaXyp]\njXv
]calwk F hn`mKn s]Sp k\ymknam
kwhI BcpWn, tizXtIXp, PU`c X, Zm{X
b, ipItZh, hmatZh, lmcoX, Fnhsc tmse
Fp Dcpf am{Xw `nv tbmKamnIqSn tams
At\zjnp. Cu ]calwkm hr aqeIfntem
iq\y Krl entem ivaim\mZnIfntem hkv{Xw [cntm
hkv{Xw [cnmsXtbm hknpp. Ahv [m
[mZnIsf ntbm em`mem`sf ntbm ipmipm
Xn Isf ntbm Nnbn. Ahv ssZzX`mhan. apw
s]mpw cXv\hpw kam\ ambn IcpXpp. Fm h
fn \npw `Ww Ignpp. kh`qX sfbpw X
sftmse ImWpp. \mcpw \nZz z mcpw A]cn{K
lcpamWh. ip[ym\sa tbmK\n essIsmp
hcpw B\njvTmcpw Pohnm thnam{Xw `n
tXSp hcpw iq\ym\fntem tZhmeb entem B{K
afntem hmevaoIntem hrphntem IpihmcpsS
hoSpIfntem b imeIfntem \Zo Xoc entem Kncn K
lzc fntem Ipntem Ipgn bntem Acphn Ifntem HmS
Ifntem Ign pIqSn. {_am ]cmbWcmbn ipNn
cmbn ]ccalw kv hn[nn p BNmc A\p
jvTnv k\ymkm tZl XymKw sNphcpw BWv.
]c alwkm Fp ]db s Sp Ch hnin cmWv.
`nptIm]\n jv kam]np.
Hmw. ]q-aZx ]q-anZw. ]qmXv ]q-
apZNy-tX. ]qky ]q-amZmb ]q-tahm
hinjy- tX. Hmw imnx imnx imnx
]c{_w ]q-amIpp. Cu PKpw ]q-am
Ipp. ]q-amb ]c{_n \nv ]q-amb PKv
Dev]-- amIpp. Cu ]q {_n \np ]q-
amb PKv amn\nnbmepw ]q-amb {_w Ah
ti-jnpp. Hmw. imnx imnx imnx
{]Ya {_mWw
1. bm- hev tIym l ssh almap\ncmZnXy temIw
PKma. XamZnbvXp \Xzmt`m `K-hmZnXym XXz
a\p {_qlo- Xn. k tlmhmN \mcmbWx m\
klnX bamZyjvSmwK tbmK DNytX. intXmjvWm
lmc \n{ZmhnPbx khZm imn \n- eXz hnj-
tb-{nb \n{K- l- sstX bamx
Kpcp- `nx kXy- amm- \p- c- n. apJm- bX
hkv X\p `h XZzkvXm\p`th\ XpjvSn\nkw
KXm GIm hmtkm at\m- \n- hr- n. ^em\
`nemjo sshcmKy `mh \nbamx
kpJm- k- \- hr- n- nc hmk- X- s- hm- k\
\nbtam `hXn. ]qcI Ipw`-ItcNssIx tjmUi
NXpx- jjv Sn Zzm{Xnw iXv kwJybm bYm- {Iaw
{]mWmbmax hnj-tb`yx C{nbmnt`ym at\m
\n-tcm[\ {]Xymlmcx hnj- hym-h ]qhIw
ssNXt\ymtNXm]\w [mcWw `hXn. kh
i- co-tcjvS ssNXss\y- IXm\Xm [ym\w. khi-
co-tcjvS ssNXss\y- IX\m\Xm [ym\w. [ym\hn
kvarXnx kam[nx Ghw kqvam KXnx b Ghw
thZ kapn`mKv `hXn.
almap\nbmb bm- hevIy kqcy-temIn
t]mbn kqcy-tZhs\ \akvIcnv tNmZnp: ""`K- hms\,
kqcy tZh, Av Fs B-XXzw D]-tZinWw.
AXptIv kqcy-\mcmb-W ]dp: m\tmSv
tNv bamZnIsf AjvSmwK- tbmKw Fv ]d- bpp.
ioXw, Djv W- X, Blmcw, \n{Z Chbn hnPbw kZm
imn, \n- eX C{nb--fn \nb-{Ww ChbmWv
baw. Kpcp`n, kXy-am- n
{]oXn InpXn kwXr]vXn, A\mkn, GIm
hmkw, a\ns \nb-{Ww kpJ-ambn Gsdt\cw
Htc \nebn Ccnphm Ignhp Ch BhiyamWv.
]Xn\mdpam{Xbn ]qcIw, Adp]n \mep am{Xbn
Ipw`Iw, apncp am{Xbn tcNIwCXmWv {]mWm
bmans kz`mhw. C{nb-hnj- b--fn\npw a\
Q
aWv Ue{_mtWm]\njv
1
3
I K
N P
601
ns\ ]nhenpXv {]Xym-lmcamIpp. hnj- b--
fn \nv ]nncnn a\ns\ ssNX\y- nepd- n
p- - XmWv [mc- W. kI- e- i- co- c- nepw Htc Hcp
ssNX\yw am{Xtabpq. B \nebnep ncXbmWv
[ym\w. [ym\ssbpw hnkvacnpXmWv kam
[n. CXmWv {]mWmbmans kqvamwK- . Ch Adn
bp- h apnv Al- \mIpp.
2. tZlky ] tZmjmx `hn Ima- t{Im[
\nizmk `b \n{Zmx XncmkkvXp, \nx kwev]-
am eLzm lmcm{]- amZm XXztam Z\w. \n{Zm
`b-kco- kr]w lnwkmZn XcwKw XrjvW, hw
Zzmc]w kwkmchm[nw XcnXpw kqvam-a
hew_y kXzmZn KpWm\{Xn{Iay XmcIahtem
ItbXx `qa[yknZm\ tXPx IqScq]w XmcIw
{_ XZm]yp]mbw ev{XbmhtemI\w.
aqem[m-cmZm{_-c-{]-cyw kpjpav \mkq
cym`m. Xty XSnXv tImSn kam arWmfXp
kqvam IpWvUen\o. X{XXtam \nhrnx
XZvZi-\m kh ]m]-\nhrnx XP\y
t{Kmo- enX I-c-{tb ^qXv Imci-_v tZmPm
btX X{X- ntX a\kn Npay tPymXnx
]iyXn Ghw lrZtb- ]n. _ln eyw Xp\m
kmt{K NXpx jUjvS- Zi-Zzm- Zimw- Kp- eo`nx {Iam-
oe ZypXn iyma Xz l Zr `wKo- pcXv ]oX
h-Zztbmt]Xw thymaXzw ]iyXn k Xptbm
Ko. Ne\ZrjvSym thyma `mK-ho-nXpx ]pcpjky
ZrjvSy-t{K- tPymXn abpJm ht, XZvZrjvSnx
ncm `hXn. iotjm]cn ZzmZimwKpeam\tPym
Xn. ]iyXn XZm arXz taXn.
a[y- eyw Xp {]mXn{Xm Zn h kqcy
N{hn Pzmem heo- h Zznlo- \mco- -hXv.
]iy- Xn. XZm ImcmImco `hXn. A`ymkmnhn
Imc KpW-clnXmImi `hXn. hnkv^p-cmcIm
Imc KmVXtam hiw ]cmImiw `hXn. kthm
Xv IrjvS ]c-aXzo-Xnb {]tZym-Xv am\ XXzm-Imiw
`hXn. tImSn kqcy{]Imikmiw `hXn. Gha
`ymkmtbm `hXn. b Ghw thZ.
2. Imaw, t{Im[w, \nizmkw, `bw, \n{Z Ch icocns
Ap tZmj- -fmIpp. kev]-clnXX, a, Aev]m
lmcw, \n`b- X, XXzNn\w Ch Cu tZmj- AI
m D]-Icnpw bmsXmn \n{Zbpw `bpw k- cqh
amWv ; lnwk XncameIfmWv; XrjvW NpgnbmWv; kv {Xo
Nfnbm-Wv. A-s\bpevf kwkm-c-kmK-c-n\nv
Ac ISpXn\v kqvaamahew_nv kXzmZn
KpW-fhew_nv XmcI{_- s [ym\nWw. cp
]pcnI--fpsS a[y-nemWv XmcI{_-w. A`ymkw
sImv AXv km[nWw. AXns D]mb-sa \nebn
aqp ey ImW-Ww. aqem[mcw apX {_c{w
hsc kpjpav\ Fp t]cp kqcy-kam\amb Hcp
\mUnbpv. Xmachfbw t]mse kqv aamb IpWvUen
\nbpv. AXn\m XtamKpWw ZqcnemIpp. AXns
Zi- \m kh]m]hpw AIepp. NqmWn hnc
sImv cp sNhnbpw ASm sNhnIp\nv ""`q''
F i_vZw tImw. AXn a\pd- nm t\{X
a[y-n Hcp-tPymXnp ImWm km[npw. AXp
t]mse lrZ-b- nepw ImWmw. ]pd-sa-bp eyw
CXmWv aqn\nv \mev, Bdv, Fv, ]v, ]{v
AwKpew Zqcn {ItaW \oenpw Idppw Npapw
apw, D \nd-fpsS an{iWw BImi- nse-
t]mse tbmKnv ImWm Ignbpp. N- eZrjvSntbmsS
BImi- ns a[y-`mKv t\mp hynv Hcp
{]tXyI tXPIncWw ImWm Ignbpw AXv ncambn
\nesImpw. incns apIfn ]{v AwKpew \of
ap {]Imiw ImWm Ignbptm tbmKnv AacXzw
knnpp. a[y- eyw CXmWv {]`mXn kqcy,
N{, An, Pzme Cu amXrIbnepw Ahbnm A-
cow t]msebpw Hcp Zriyw ImWm km[npp. Ah
km\w tbmKnv \nhnImchpw KpW-clnXhpamb BIm
i-n\v Xpeyamb Ah `hnpp. amlmImi- ns
Zi- \hpw tbmKnv e`npw. almImiw {]Imi- am\-
fmb \- {X \nd anep AImc]q-sa
anepw Zriy- amIpp. {]fbmn cq]-nepw almImew
A\p`hs- Smw. XXzImi Zi-\hpw km[npw. IqSmsX
tImSnW- n\v kqcy- m DZnmse- t]mep kqcym
Imihpw ZrjvSn tKmNcamImw. AXdnbp-h A`ymk
m AXn X- b- \mIpp.
3. XtZymKw N Zzn[m hnn ]qthmc hn`mKXx
]qhw Xp XmcIw hnZymXv Aa-\kvIw
XZpcanXn
XmcIw Zznhn[w. aqn XmcIaaqn
XmcIan-Xn.
bZn{nbmw Xqn XmcIw. bZv
{`qbp-KmXoXw
XXv aqn XmcIan-Xn. D`b-a]n at\mbp
a`y- tkXv .
at\mbpmc ZrjvSnkvXmcI
{]Imimb `hXn.
{`qbpK- a[y_nte tXPkx Bhn`mhx
GXXv ]qh
XmcIw Dcw Xza\kvIw,
Xmeqaq- tem[z_mtK
almtPymXn hnZy- tX. Xi\m
ZWnamZn knnx
I K
N P
602
ety _mlymbmw ZrjvtSm
\nta-tjmt
j hPnXmbmw N Cbw imw`ho ap{Zm
`hXn. khX
t{jp tKm]ym almhnZym `hXn.
XXv mt\\ kw
kmc \nhrn. XXv]qP\w tam ^eZw.
A eyw PetPymXnx kzcq]w `hXn.
aljn thZyw
A _mly-an-{nssb-cZriyw.
]qthmc hn`mK- -fm Cu tbmKw cp hn[
nepv. ]qhhn`mKw XmcI{_- hpw D-chn`mKw
Aa\kv IhpamIpp. XmcI {_w cphn[nepv.
aqn XmcIhpw Aaqn XmcIhpw. C{nb-sf
am{Xw kw_nXv aqn XmcIw. cp ]pcnIpw
atybpXv AaqnXmcIw. CXp cns\bpw a\km
A`y-kntXpv. ImcWw at\mbpamb A
ZrjvSnbmWv XmcI{_- s ImWpXn\v ka- amp
- Xv. AsXpSv cp ]pcnI-fpsSbpw at[y- bp
Zzmcn \nv tXPns Bhn`mhapmIpp. CXv
]qh hn`mKcq]amb XmcIamWv; D-chn`mKw at\mc
lnXamIpp. Xmephns Nphnse apI `mKv alm
tPymXnpv . AXv Zinm Ignm AWnamZnkn
nI e`npp. ey-ns AIpw ]pdpw
Zrjv Sn \nntajhpw nchpamIptm imw`ho-ap{Z
kw`-hnpp. CXv Hcp Xm{nIamb almhnZy- bmWv.
AXv Adnbm Ignm {]m]nIX AIepw AXns
]qP\w tam-Zmb-IamWv. A ey-amb Pes
tmse AXv tPymXn kzcq]- amWv. aljnamt AXv
Idnbm km[nq. _mlyhpw B- cnIhpamb C{n
b- v AXv hnj-b-a.
4. kl-{kmtc PetPymXn-ceyw _pn-Kp
lmbmw khmwKkpcw ]pcpj-cq]- aey- an-
Xy]tc. iojmKXaWvUea[yKw ]h{
hpamklmbw \oeIWvTw {]imaey- anXn
tINnXv. AwKpjvT-am{Xx ]pcptjm ey- an-
tXy- tI. D hnIev]w khamssh. Xyw
ipmZrjvSym hm bx ]iyXn k Gh {_
\njvtTm `hXn. Pohw ]-hnwiIx kzIev]nX
NXphnwiXn XXzw ]cnXyPyj- Uv hnwix ]camm
lanXn \n- bm- o- h- ptm _h- Xn. Gh
a ey Zit\ Pohapn-Zimbmwkzb-a
ftym `qXzm ]c-amImimJ-WvU-aWvUtem
`h-Xn.
kl- {kmcZfn Pe-sa t]mse tPymXnv
AeyamWv . _pnbmIp Kpl-bn khmwK-kp
c\mb ]pcpjs kzcq]w A eyamIpp. akvX
ImK-Xamb aWvUens a[y- n ApapJ-ap
-h\pw ]mhXo klnX\pamb ic AXnimamb
A ey-amIpp Fv ]ecpw IcpXpp. tIhew
s]cphnctemfw t]m ]pcpj AeyamWv Fv
Nne Nnnpp. Cu tZZ-sfmw Hmtcm Iev]-\I
fmWv. GXpcq]nembmepw ipamb ]c{_-s
ImWp- h\mWv {_\njvT. Poh Ccp]mas
XXzamWv. Iev]nX- fmb Ccp]-n\mep XXzfpw hni-
Ie\w sNbvXv ""Rm Ccp]n BdmatXmb ]cam
mhmIpp'' F `mh\ ]q-ambn `hnp- h Poh
p\mbno-cpw. Cs\ A ey-ns Zi-
I Pohp- \mIpp. Ah kzbw Aeyambn
Xov ]camImi cq]-amb AJ-WvUaWvUew kzcq]-
ambn `hnpp.
Hmw {_Ww Ign p.
ZzXob {_mWw
AY l bm hev Iy BZn- Xy- a- Wv Ue
]pcpjw ]{]: ""`Kh eymZnIw _lp
t[mw abmXmXx XZv {_qln alyw. XZq
tlmhmN. ]`qX ImcWw XSnXvIpSm`w XZzXp
]oTw. Xty XXz{]- Imtim `hXn. tkmXn
iqtVm hyx
Xm\ ]vf_m[ncqt]W tbw. XZv_m
lym- `y- c eyw. Xty PK- o\w Xm- Z-
_np IemXo-XaJ- WvUew. XXvk-KpW-\nKpW
kzcq]w. XtZzm hnap:
BZm- an-a- Wv Uew XZp- ]cn kqcy- a-Wv Uew
Xt[y kp[m N{aWvUew. Xty AJ- WvU
{_- tXtPma-WvUew. XZv hnZypt-JmhXv ip
Zmkzcw. XtZh imw`hn e-Ww.
XZv Zi- t\- {X- tbm- Zr- jv Sbx Aam {]Xn- ]Xv
]qnam tNXn. \nao-enXZi\amZrjvSnx Atm
o-enXm {]Xn]- Xv. kthmo-e\w ]qnam `h
Xn. Xmkp ]qnam`ymkx Ihyx Xyw
\mkm{Kw XZm Xmep aqte KmVXtam ZriytX
X`- `ym- km- Z- J- Wv U- a- Wv U- em- Im- c- tPym- Xn
ZriytX XtZh knZm\w {_`hXn.
Ghw klPm-\t bZm at\meo- btX XZm
imw`ho `hXn. Xtah tJNco-amlp.
XZ- `ym- km- \x sscyw. XtXm hmbp
sscyw. Xnm\n BZu XmcIhXv ZriytX.
XtXm h{P- Z- Ww. XXx ]cn - ]q N{- a-
WvUew XtXm cXv\{]`maWvUew. XtXm a[ym
mImi aWvUew. XtXm hn inJmaWvUew
{IamXv ZriytX.
I K
N P
603
]ns b-hevIy kqcyaWvUen Xmakn
p ]pcpj-t\mSv tNmZnp: ""`K- hms\, Aeyw
XpSnbh Av At\I {]Imcn ]d- p. F\n
Xp a\nembn. AXv Av IpsdqSn hniZambn
]dp Xmepw.'' Atm \mcmbW ]dp: ]-
`qX-fpsS ImcWw anqw t]msebmWv . AXn
Hcp NXpx]o- Tapv. AXns a[y-n XXzns
{]Imiw `hnpp. AXv AXnKqVhpw Akv]- jvShpam
Wv . m\amIp \uIbn Ib- dnbht\ AXv a\n
emm Ignbq. AXp Xs ]pd- sbpw AIsbpw
eyw. B XXzn temIw ebnncnpp. AXv \mZ
_np IebpsS Apdv AJWvU aWvUeamWv. AXv
kKpW \nKpW kzcq-]amIp-p. AXv Adnm
apn t\Smw. BZys An aWvU-eamWv. AXns
apIfn kqcy-aWvU-ew. AXns a[y-n AJWvU
{_amIp tXtPmaWvUew `hnpp. AXv an
]nWt]mse shfp- Xpw {]Im- i- am- \- hp- am- Ip- p.
AXmWv imw`hoap{ZbpsS e- Ww. AXv Zinm Ign
m aqp aqncq]w ZrjvSnbn s]Spw. Hv Aam
hkym cq]w atXv {]Xn]-Zmcq]w atXv ]qnam cq]w.
\nao-enX ZrjvSn Aamhmkym cq]-amIpp. A\nao-
enXw {]Xn]Zm cq]w; Xpd InsXv ]u- amko
cq]w. ZrjvSnIfn \nv ]qnam cq]-amb ZrjvSnA-`y-
knWw. AXns eyw \mkm{KamIpp. Xmepaqe
n \nv KmV- amb AImcw ImWs- Sptm
AXns A`ymkm AJ-WvU-aWvU-emImc-amb
tPymXnns Zi\w e`npp. AXp Xs knZm
\ {_w. CXpt]mep kl- Pm\mn a\v eo\
am-Iptm PohnIv imn e`npp. AXns\
tJNco ap{Zsbv ]d- bpp. AXns A`ymkm
a\v Dd-bv pp; XpSv hmbp ncamIpp. AXns
Nnw C- s\bmWv BZyw \{Xstmse ImWpw.
]ns h{Ppt]mse Zriy- amIpw. ImSnt]msebpw
]q-N{s\tmsebpw \hcXv\ {]`t]msebpw aym
kqcyXpeyambpw AnPzmem kZriyambpw AXv Zriy
amIp-p.
2. XZm ]nam`napJ- {]- Imix kv^SnI {[q{a-_np
\mZIem \-{XItZymXZo-]-t\{X kph-\h
cXv\mZn {]`m Zriyt XtZh {]W-hcq]w.
{]mWm-]m- \tbmsscIyw IrXzm [rX Ipw`-
tIm\mkm-{KZk\ ZrV- `mh\bmZzo-Icmw Kpen`nx
japJo- IctW\ {]Whm [z\ow \n iay a\
kvX{X en\w `hXn. Xky \ Ite] cthcpZ
bmkvXabtbmx Ine I Ihyw Ghw hn]-
n - Zm- Zn - Xy- tkym- Z- bm- kv X- ab `mhmXv kh
I`mhx
i_v ZIm- e-e- tb\ Znhy- cm{Xyp- XotXm `qXzm
kh- ]- cn- ]q- m- t\\ D- \y- h- m- h- ti\
{_ss Iyw `hXn. D\ym Aa-\kvIw `hXn.
Xky \nnm [ym\w kh I \ncmI
cW amhm- l-\w. \n- b- m- \- am- k-\w. D- \o-
`mhx ]mZyw kZm a\kvIaLyw. kZmZo]vXn c]m
cmarX hrnx kv \m\w. kh{X `mh\mKm ZrIv
kzcq]mhm\aXmx NnZm]vXnx ]pjv]w. NnZ
nkzcq]x [q]x. NnZmZnXy kzcq]]w Zo]x. ]cn
]q N{m- ar- Xky GIo- I- cWw ss\th- Zyw.
\n- eXzw {]ZnWw. tkm l`mthm\a-kv Imcx
a\wkvXpXnx kh-ktmtjm-hn-kP\-anXn. b
Ghw thZ.
B L- n ]Sn- mdp `mKs {]Imiw
kv ^SnIw t]mse [q{a- hhpw \mZ- Ie \{Xw
JtZymXw Zo]Iw \hcXv\ CtX apXpw Bbn
{]Xy- - s-Sp-p. AXv {]W-h- ns kzcq- ]-am- Wv .
{]mWmhm\sf tbmPnnv Ipw`Iw sN-Ww. ]ns
ZrjvSn aqns A{K- n tI{oIcnv ZrV `mh\tbmsS
cp ssIIfnsebpw hncepIfm japJo ap{ZImn
{]Wh \mZw {ihnpI. AXn eo\\mbm I
tem]w Dm-hpIbn. kqtcymZb- nepw AkvXa-\
nepw Zi\w \Sp- hv ap I Bhiy-
an. i_vZIme-fpsS ebw DmhpIbm a\pjy
Zn\cm{XclnX\mbno- cpp. kIensbpw m\w
DmhpIbm Hcp D-\mhbnsepp. AXns
^eambn {_hpambn sFIyw e`npp. D- \mh
at\mclnXamb \nebmWv. \nnXmh [ym\amWv.
Isf ssIshSnbpIbmWv AXns Blzm\w. \n-
b-m\amWv Bk\w; at\m-c-lnX\m-IpI ]mZyw;
\nXyhpw at\mclnX\mIpI ALyw; \nXy{]Imihpw
A]mc AarX cq]- amb hrnbpw kv\m\w; {_ kam
\amb `mh\ N\w; Zi\ kzcq]- n \nesImp
Xv Acw; ssNX\y cq]-amb kqcys kzcq]w Zo]-
amIpp. ]cn]q N{s AarXck- hpambn GIo`mhw
ss\thZyamIpp. \neXbmWv {]ZnWw; Rm AXp
Xs' Cu `mh\bmWv \akvImcw; au\w Xs kv XpXn;
khhn[nepap ktmjw hnkP\w; CXdnbp
-h {_cq]ambno-cpp.
3. Ghw {Xn]pSmbw \nckvXmbmw \nkvXcwK kap
{Z- h- nhm- X- nX Zo]-hXv Ne- ]q- `mhm- `mh
hnlo- \- ssI-hey tPymXn`-h- Xn. Pm{K- n-{`m
]cn - m- t\\ {_ hn Zv `- h- Xn . kpjp]v Xn
kamt[y at\m- ebm hnti- tj]n al- Z-kv Xyp- `-
tbmt`Z kvXakneo-\Xzmapn tlXpXzm `mhm
. kam[u arXn Xtam- hn- Im- cky XZm- Imcm
ImcnXm JWv UmImcrXymI kmo ssNXt\y
{]]- - ebx kZytX {]]- ky a\x Iev]nb
XzmXv. XtXmt`-Zm`mhmXv IZmNnXv _ln KtX
]n aYymXz `m\mXv . kIrZzn`mX kZm\m-\p`
sshI tKmNtcm {_ntZh `hXn. bkyk
I K
N P
604
ev ]- \mix kymky ap n . Itc- n - Xm.
XkvamXv `mh`mhu ]cnXyPy ]c-am-[ymt\\
aptm `hXn. ]p\x ]p\x khmhmkpm
\- tbu [ym\- t[zbu eym- ety Zriym
Zrtiy tNml-t]mlmZn ]cnXyPy Pohptm `h
Xn. k Ghw thZ.
C{]- Imcw Ftm mXmhv tbw m\cq]w
Cu {Xn]pSn ZqcnemIptm icocw XcwKclnXamb
kap{Zns\mw hmbp clnXamb m\psh hnf
ns\m]w ANehpw A]qhpw `mhm`mhclnXhpw
tIhew tPymXncq-]hpamIpp, Pm{K- nepw \n{Zbnepw
m\-m {_thmhmbno-cp-p. kpjp-]vXn
bnepw kam[nbnepw a\ns ebw kam\amsW-nepw
cn\pw hfsc t`Zapv. kpjp]vXnbn a\v Am
\n ebnpXn\m apnv ImcW- ambno-cp
n. Fm kam[nbn XtamKpW- ns hnImcw
\jvSamIp- Xn\m XZmImchpw AJ- Wv UmImchpambn
`hn _pnbpsS cq]- amb kmn ssNX\yn {]]-
- ns ebw kw`hn-p-p. Fp-sIms-m
{]]w a\nemWv Iev ]nXamIp-Xv . ]ns Hcp
t`Zhpw _mn \npIbn. Cu ImcW- memWv
At\I{]mhiyw kam[nbn \nv Pm{K- X\mbmepw
{]]w anYy-bmbn AdnbpXv. Hcp {]mhiyw kZm\
s A\p`hapmbm B ]m{Xw Xs apJy-hnj- b-
ambno-cpw. AtXmsS a\pjy {_thmhmbn `hn
pw. kev]-\miw `hnh\v apn IcK- XamWv. AXn
\m `mhm `mhsf XyPnv ]cammhns\ [ym\np
I. AXpXs apnp D]mbw. hopw hopw Hmtcm
Ahbnepw mbt-b- fpsSbpw [ym\t[yb-
fpsSbpw eymey- fpsSbpw Zriym Zriy- fpsSbpw
Dulmt]mlmZnIfpsSbpw XymKw km[nm a\pjy
Pohp\mIpw. AXdnbph\v {_kmmXvmcw
e`npw.
4. ]mhm Pm{KXv kz]v\kpjp]vXn kvXpco-
bm- Xo- Xm. Pm{KXn {]hrtm Pohx {]hrn
ammkx ]m]- ^-e\cImZnamwkvXp ip`I
kzK ^e akvXp CXn Imw-tX.
Ghw k Gh kzoIrX sshcmKymXv I
^e Pm ew kwkmc_- \ ae-anXn hnapym
`napJ \nhrn am-{]- hrtm `hXn.
k Ghw kwkm- c- Xm- c- Wmb Kpcp- am- {inXy
ImamZn Xyzm hnlnXIamNc km[\NXpjvS
b-ktm lrZb-Iaeat[y `K-hXv kmam{Xm
ey cq]-amkmZy kpjp]vXyhmbm ap
{_m\ kvarXn e_v[zx Gh GtIm]aZznXobx
InwnXv Imeam\ hrXymhnkvarX Pm{K-Zzmk
\m\p - ^- te\ ssZPtkm kv aoXn XZp - `b
\nhrym {]m CZm- \o- ao- Xy-c- taI Ghw
m\t`-ZmZhm t`Zky ]cw Xp \ln aZ\y-
ZnXn PmXhnthIx ipmssZzX {_ml- anXn `nZm
Kw \ncky kzmhn-Prw- `nX `m\p- a- Wv Ue
[ym\X-ZmImccnImX ]c{_- ImcnX apnam-
amcqVx ]cn]tIzm `hXn.
kev]mZnIw at\m_-tlXp XZznbpw
at\m-tam-mb `h-Xn. XZzmw--p-cmZn _mly
{]]- tm]ctXm hnKX {]]- - _x khPK-
Zm tXz\-]iyw Xzzmlw Itcm {_mla
kaoXn Nnb-nZw khw bZbam tXaXn `mh
bIrXIrtXym `hXn.
PKXn kz]vaw kpjp]vXn, Xpcobw Xpco-bmXoXw
Fns\ Av AhIfpv. Chbn Pm{K-Zh
bn hnph {]hrnam- n Bk- \m
Ipp. ]m]^eamb \cKmZnI A\p`hnpp. ip`
I ^eamb kzw F\np In- Ww. Cs\ Cn
p hyn sshcmKyw ssIsmpp. I^- e
ns cq]- n Pn\npw kwkmc_- - \n
\npw Abm ap\mbno-cpp. apnbn B`n
apJyw ssIsmpp. As\ \nhrn amw B{i-
bnpw. B \nebn kwkmctamN\n\v Kpcphns\
B{i- bnpIbpw ImamZnI XyPnv thtZm I
sNbvXv \mep km[\-fn\npw ap\mbn `hnp
Ibpw sNpp. Cu lrZb- Iaens a[y-n GI
am{X\mb `K-hm kmcp]- amb Aeyw {]m]n
pIbpw kpjp]vXnclnXamb {_m\w kvacnv , Xm
AZznXo-b-\msWv IcpXn CSbvv B-kzcq]w ad
mepw Pm{K-Zmhbnse hmk\ \nanw ""Rm tXP
m-Ipp'' F `mh\ Iecpp. As\ Pm{KXv
kz]v\mhIfn \nv AIv kpjp]v Xnbn ""Rm
{]m- \mIpp'' Fv Nnnpp. AtXm ""Rm GI
\mIpp'' F A\p`qXnbpw DZnpp. Ahm\pt`
Zmep hnhn[ `mh\IfmWv; hkvXpX HpXs.
C- s\bp hnthIapmbm "Rm ipamb AssZz
X{_w XsbmWv ' F A\p`hw DmhpIbm t`Z
`mhns kIe hk\Ifpw \inpp. Xs Dn
{]Iminp tXtPmaWvUens [ym\m XZm
Imcambnov ]c{_- kzcq]w {]m]nv apaam-
cq- V\pw ]cn- ]- Iz- \p- am- bn- o- cp- p. k- em- ]n- Z- Isf
{]m]n a\v tam ImcW- hpamWv. PohnX kzcq]-
n tamw {]m]np Bmhv NpcmZn _mly
{]]- -n \nv hnKX\mIpp; Abmfn {]]
_-\an. PK-ns\ Abm Bmhns\tmse
ImWpp. Al-mcw XyPnv ""Rm {_amIpp'' F
Nn Iev CsXmw BmhmWv F `mh\tbmsS
IrXIrXy-\mbn `hnpp.
I K
N P
605
5. kh- ]- cn- ]q Xpco- bm- Xo- X- {_m `qtXm
tbmKo `h- Xn. Xw {_tXn kv Xph- n. kh
temIkvXpXn]m{Xw khtemIkmcioex ]c
amKKt\ _npw \ny]y ipm ssZzXmPmUy
klPma\kv ItbmK\n{Zm AJ- WvUm\ ]Zm\p
hrXym Pohptm `hXn.
Xm\ ap{Zmamx tbmKnt\mSx `hn. XZ
t]-bm C{mZbw kzev]m\mx Ghw {]m]vXm
\x ]catbmKo `hXo- Xyp]- \nj-Xv.
B tbmKn khhn[nepw ]cn]q-\mbnov
Xpco-bmXoX {_kz-cq]ambno-cpp. Ah {_
amIpp Fv BfpI Ahs\ {]iwknpp. As\
Abm {]iwkm ]m{XamIpp. kmcnbmb Ignbpp.
]camm cq]-amb BImi- n _np m]nv ipm
ssZzX PUXmclnX\mbn kl-Pa\clnXamb nXn
sbp ]d- bmhp tbmK\n{Zbn AJ-WvUm\a\p`
hnv Pohp\mIpp. A-s\bp tbmKn B\
kap{Za\mWv; Cs\ B\w A\p`hnh ]ca
tbmKnbmIpp. CXmWv clkyw
cmw JWv Uw Ignp.
XrXob {_mWw
bm- hevtIym-alm-ap-\na-Wv Ue ]pcpjw
]{ ]- O- kz m- an - - a\ kv Ie- - W- ap - - a- ]n .
hnkvarXw ]p\kv X-e-Ww {_qloXn XtYXn
aWvUe ]pcptjm {_hoXv. CZaa\kvIaXn cl-
kyw. bmt\\ IrXmtm `hXn XnXyw
imw`ho ap{Zm nXw. ]camZrjvSym XXv {]Xy
b-eymWn ZrjvSzm XZ\p kthia {]ta-b-aPw
inhw ]cmImiw \ncmew_- aZzbw {_ hnjvWp
cp{ZmZo- \mtaI eyw khImacWw ]cw {_m
t\yh ]iyamt\m Kplmhnl-cW-tahw \n-
tb\ mXzm `mhm`mhmZn ZzzmXoXx kphnZnX
a-t\m-\y-\p-`- hkvX- Z\c aJn- te- {n-b- himc-a-
\kvI kpJ- {_- m\ kapt{Z a\x {]hml- tbm
K- cq] \nhm- X- n - X- Zo- ]- h- Z- New ]cw {_
{]m]vt\mXn
XXx ipjvIhr-hXv aqOm\n{Zmab \nizm
tkmzmkm `mhmjvS Zzzm kZm Ne Km{Xx
]c-aimnw kzoIrXy a\x {]Nmc iq\y ]cam
\n eo\w `hXn.
]bx {kmhm- \- cw t[\p- kv X\ oc- an- h-
kth{nb ht ]cn\jvtS at\m \mix `hXn
XtZhm-\-a-kvIw. XZ\p \nXy-ipx ]cam-ml-
anXn XXzakn Xyp ]tZti\ Xzta-hml- al-tah
XzanXn Xmc- I- tbm- K- amtW AJ- Wv Um- \
]qx IrXmtm `hXn.
]cn]q ]camImiam\a\mx {]m]vtXm- \y
hx kw\ykvX kth{nb hw At\I-P
mPnX ]pWy ]pRvP]Iz ssIhey ]tem AJ-
WvUm\ \nckv X kh-ti Iiva-tem-{_-m-
kvanXn IrXIrtXym `hXn.
Xtahmlw \ t`tZm kvXn ]qWXm nc
am-\x
CXyp- - c kam- enwKym injyw ]v Xna
\o\b- Xv .
almap\nbmb bm- hevIy kqcy aWvUen
Xmaknp ]pcpj-t\mSv tNmZnp: ""kzman, Aa\
kv InXnbpsS eWw Ap ]d- p. Fm Rm
AXv ad- p. AXp- sImv AXv hopw ]d-m
sImmw.'' hfsc \Xv Fp ]dv B aWvUe ]pcp
j XpSv Cu Aa- \kv I nXn- bpsS kzcq]w
F{Xbpw clky- abamWv AXns m\apmbm a\p
jy IrXm-a\mbno- cpp. Ah Ftmgpw imw`
ho-ap{Zmbp\mIpp. ]cam ZrjvSnbm AXns
A\p`hw km[y-amIp eyw IXn\ptijw kIe
cpsSbpw Cuizc {]amW- -fm Adnbm Ignbm
h\pw inh\pw ]camImi\pw \ncm{i- b\pw AssZzXhpw
{_hnjvWp cp{ZmZn cq]w IeXpw kIen\pw
ImcWhpamb ]c{_- s Xs Bmhn ImWp
]pcpj lrZb-amIp Kpl-bn Atl-ns hnlm
cs \nb]qhambpw A\p`hnpp. ]ns kIe
C{nbfpw \inp- Xn\v Aa\kvInXnbpsS kpJ-
cq]- amb {_m\ns kap{Zn Ahs a\v
HgpIn \opp; Bhiy- n\v hmbp tN Zo]w
t]mse ANeamb ]c{_- s {]m]npp. DW- nb
hr-stmse aqbpsS \n{Zmab nXnbpsSbpw
Ahbn izmtkmzmkhpw CmXmIpp. AtXmsS
kpJ ZpxJmZnZzz-fpsS \mihpw `hnpp. Abm
nc Km{X\mbn `hnpIbpw sNpp. Cs\ ]ca
imn ssIsmv a\v {]Nmc iq\y- amIpp; ]cam
mhn eo\\mIpp. ]mev hnbmep ]iphns ape
IfpsS Ah C{nb--fpsS {]h\clnXamb
Hcp Ah A\p`hs- Spp. AXpXs- bmWv Aa
\kvIs nXn. AXn\ptijw ""\nXy-ipamb ]cam
mhv Rm XsbmWv'' Cs\ "XXzakn' F hmIy
ns D]tZiw {]m]vXambn "\o Xs- bmWv Rm; Rm
XsbmWv \o' Cs\ XmcI {_cq]- amb tbmK- amw
Ahew_np hyn IrXm\mIpp.
bmsXmcphs a\v ]cn]q ]cmImi-n a
ambn Xocpp. Ah D-\mh {]m]npp. Ahs
C{nb--sfmw hnapamIpp. At\I P- -fn
{]m]nm Ign ]pWy kaql-m Ahs ssIh
ey-cq]- amb ^ew ]IzamIpp. AJ-WvUamb B\w
I K
N P
606
A\p`hnm IgnbpXn\m kIeti cq]-amb
]m]hpw ZqcnemIpp. ]ns "Rm {_amIpp'
F `mhm Ah IrXIrXy- \mIpp. "]cammhv'
]q-amIpp. AXn\m \o XsbmWv Rm Cs\
Dcnv Kpcp injys\ kinv Cu mt\m]- tZiw
\nh-lnp.
aqmw {_mWw Ign p.
NXp {_mWw
1. AY l bm- hevtIymaWvUe ]pcpjw ]{]
thyma ]IeWw hnkvXtcWm\p{_qlo-Xn.
ktlm-hm-NmImiw almImiw kqcym-Imiw ]c
amImianXn ]`hn. k_mlym`y- caIm
ca-b-am-Imiw. k`ymtc Imem\ekZriw ]cm
Imiw k _mlym`ym-tc. A]-cnan-XZypXn\n`w
Xzw alm- Im-iw. k_m-lym`ym-tc kqcy-\n-
`mkqcyImiw. A\nhN\ob tPymXn. khhym
]Iw \ncXni- bm\ eWw ]camImiw Gha
eymZi- \m- {Zqt]m`h-Xn.
\ h N{Iw jUm [mcw {Xneyw
thyma ]Iw
kay- tK-Xm Pm\m Xn k tbmKo
\matXm `thXv.
]noSv bm-hevIy kqcy-aWvUen, hkn
p ]pcpj-t\mSv tNmZnp: ""Av BImi- ns
eWw Av hnkvXcnp ]d- bWw'' Atm Atlw
]dp: ""BImiw, ]camImiw, almImiw, kqcymIm
iw, ]camImiw, ChbmWv Av BImi-. Dnepw
]pdpw {]fbmImense Anbvsm- XmWv ]mcm
Imiw; AIpw ]pdpw A]- cnanXamb Imnt]mep
XXzam-XmWv almImiw; Dnepw ]pdpw kqcys\
t]mse Ah- \ob-amb- amWv kqcymImiw, \ncXnib-
amb B\kzcq]-amWv ]camImiw, GtXXp cq]- nepw
`mh-nepw Zinphm\m{K- lnppthm AtX-`mh
nepw cq]-nepw Hmtcmv ImWm Ignbpw; \hN
{Iw, jUm[mcw, aqpey- , AmImiw Ch icn
dnbm tbmKn tbmKnsbp ]d-bm Al- \.
Amw {_mWw Ignp.
]a {_mWw
1. khnjbw at\m _mb \nhnjbw aptb
`hXn. AXn khw NntKmNcw. XtZh Nnw
\ncm{ibw at\m-\y- hm ]cn]- Izeb tbmKyw
`hXn. Xbw ]cn]qt-abn ka`y tkXv. at\m
eb-ImcW almtah.
A\m- l- X- ky- i- _v Zky Xkz i_v Zky
tbm[z\nx [zt\ cKXw tPymXn tPymXnc
KXw a\x ba \kv {Xn- P- KXv krjv Sn nXn
hyk\ I IrXv . Xt\m hn ebw bmXn
XZznjv tWm ]cam ]Zw. X- bmXv ipm- ssZzX
knn t`Zm- `m- hm- Xv . GX- tZh ]c- a- X- zw. k
Xtm _mtem ]nimNhZv PU hrym
temIamNtc-Xv, Ghaa\kvIm`ymtkss\h \nXy
Xr]v Xn- cev ] ap{X ]pco- j- anX t`mP- \- Zr- VmwK
PmUy- \n{ZmZrKvhmbp Ne\m `mh {_ Zi\m
mXkpJ kzcq] knn `hXn.
Ghw Nnc kam[nP\nX {_marX ]m\ ]cm
btWm ku k\ymko ]c- a- lwk Ah- [qtXm
`hXn. Xit\\ kIew PKXv ]hn{Xw `hXn.
XXv tkhm- ]tcm Atm]n aptm `h- Xn.
XXvIpetatImciXw Xmcb-Xn. XmXr]n-Xr
Pmbm ]Xyhw N apw `hXo- Xyp]- \nj-Xv.
hnj-bmk-amb a\v _-\n\ncbmIpp.
hnj- bhnapamb a\v apnnW- pp. AXn\m
kakv X PKpw Nnns hnj- b-amIpp. AtX
Nnw Xs \ncm{ib-n\v tbmKy-amIpw. Cu eb-
ns ]cn]q-amb "Fn' A`ymkw sNpI.
ImcWw a\v eb-ns ImcW- amWv. A\lZi_vZ
nsbpw i_vZn\pn [z\nbpv , AXns Dn
tPymXnv hknpp. tPymXnns Dn a\v ; Cu
a\v aqp PKpfpsSbpw Dev]- nnXn kwlmc
cq]-amb Iw sNp Cu a\v bmsXmn hnebw
sImpp. AXpXs hnjvWphns ]ca]- Zw. AXn
a\v ebnptXmsS ip AssZzXknn kw`hnp
p. ImcWw, AXns ]nn bmsXmcp t`Z`mhhpw
C. AXp- Xs ]c- a- X- Xzw. AX- dn- bp ]pcp- j
_met\m Dt\m ]nimNns\ t]mse PUhrntbmsS
temIn {]hnpp. C- s\bp A\ya\kvX
nXnbpsS A`ymkm \nXyhpw Xr]vXn e`npp.
Blmcw hfsc Ipdp-am{Xw aXn-sb \nehcpp.
Fmepw icocw _enjvTamIpp. PUX Dmhn.
\n{Ztbm I- Sbtem Dmhn. {_ Zi- \n\mbn
kpJ- abkzcq] knnbpsS m\apmIpp. Cs\
Gsd kabw kam[n A`yknpXn\m Dev]- -amb
{_cq]-amb AarXw ]m\w sNpIbm k\ymknbmb
]calwk Ah[qX\mIpp. AbmfpsS Zi- \m
kakvX PKpw ]cnipamIpp. Abmsf tkhnm
Xev]- c\mb Am\nbpw ap\mIpw. Abm Xs
Ipense \qnsbmv Xeapd- sbbpw ipamp-p.
AbmfpsS amXm]nXmmcpw kv{Xokm\fpw ap-
cmIpp. Cs\ D]-\njv kam]np.
aWvUe {_mW D]-\njv kam]np.
I K
N P
607
a{ntIm]\njv
1
3
imn ]mTw
Hmw ]q aZx ]q anZw ]qmXv ]q
apZNytX ]qky ]qamZmb ]q tahmh
injytX Hmw imnx imnx imnx
B ]c {_w khhn[nepw ]q amIpp. Cu
hniz{]]w ]qamIpp. ]qamb AXn \np
amWv Cu ]qw A`nhyambnpXv. ]qn
\nv ]q saSpmepw ]qw Xs Ahtijnpp.
Hmw imnx imnx imnx
1. AjvS]mZw ipNnw lwkw
{Xnkq{XaWp ahybw
{Xnhm\w tXPtkm f lw
khXx ]iy ]iyXn
Fp ]mZw tNXpw ipNnbpw DPzekzcq]nbpw {Xn
kq{XklnXhpw kpkqvahpw Ahn\minbpw Bbnp
Xv Rm Xs bmIpp. tXtPmcq]nbpw kp{]IminX
hpamb B Bmhns\ kh{X ImWppsnepw
ImWpn.
2. `qX ktmlt\ Imte
`nt Xakn sshJtc
Ax ]iyn kXzm
\nKpWw KpWKlztc
\nKpWamsWnepw KpWamIp Kpl bn {]Xn
jv TnXambXn\m PohnIsf tamlnnp Icmftamlm
Imcw \amIptm kXzKpWnXcmb hynI
AXns\ AxIcWn Zinpp.
3. AiIyx tkm\yYm{Zp
[ymbam\x IpamcssI
hnIm cP\ \o a m
a cq]maPmw {[phmw
hn`ncq]n [ym\n m Am\nIv AXv
ImWm IgnbpIbn. B nXn bn hnImc P\\nbpw
Abpw ANebpamb ambsbbmWv Ah [ym\n
p Xv.
4. [ymbtX f [ymknXm tX\
X\ytX t{]cytX ]p\x
kqbtX ]pcpjmw N
tXss\ hm[njvTnXwPKXv
5. Kuc \mZyhXokm
P\n{Xo `qX`mhn\o
knXmknXm N cm N
khIma ZpLm hnt`m
A[ymkw sImmWv amb Adn b s Sp Xpw
hnkvXmcw {]m]npXpw t{]cn np Xpw. Cu lwkw
Xs ]pcpjmw P\nnpp. AXn\m {]]w
A[njvTnXhpamWv . amb ]c ammhn\v Imat[ \phn\v Xpey
amWv . AXv BZyclnXhpw khamXmhpw kht]mj
IhpamWv. AXv Npav, shfpv , Idpv, Fo h tfmSp
IqSn bXpw Fm A`n hpw sImSppXpamWv .
6. ]n_ty\mahnjbm
ahn mXmw IpamcImx
GIkvXp ]n_tX tZh
kzt f {X him\pKx
m\ anm Poh Cu ]iphns\ Idpp.
Fsm AXv hnjbhpw AhnmXhpamWv . temI
n Htc Hcp ]c ammhp am{X amWv kIeXpw X\n
[o\amn kzw Cu ambsb ]m\w sNpXv.
7. [ym\{Inbm`ymw `Khm
`pvXtX f ku {]klZzn`px
khkm[mcWow t`m{ow
]obam\m Xp bPz`nx
Fmhpambn Idp hfpw bmnIcm Zm\w
sNs Sp hfpamb Cu tKmhns\ `Khm [ym\{Inbm
ZnIfm A\p`hnpp.
8. ]iyykymw almm\x
kphw ]nemi\w
DZmko\w {[phw lwkw
kv \mXIm[zcythm PKpx
almm kph \ndap ]ne^ew `np
Ibpw DZmko\hpw Ahn\minbpamb lwks amb bn
ImWpIbpw sNpp. AXns\ sbmWv kv\mXI
mcpw A[z cypfpw Km\w sNpXv.
9. iwka \pjwkn
_lzrNmx imkv{X tImhnZmx
cYcw _rlXv kma
k]vX sshss[kvXp KobtX
I K
N P
608
imk{tImhnZmcpw EtKzZnIfpw kvXpXnsNp
hcpsamv Cu lwks kv XpXnpp. AXn\mbn cY
cw Fv t]cp kmas Ggp{]Imcn Km\w
sNpp.
10. at{m]\njZw {_
]Zy {Iak a \znXm
]wn `mhmtlytX
lyYhmtWm `ripamx
{_w a{epsS clkyw Xs bmWv AXns\
sbmWv `mhtKm{XP\mb Damcpw AYthZn
Ifpw ]Z{Ia tmSp IqSn sNmp Xv.
11. k {_Nmcnhrn
kvXwt`m f Y ^enX kvXYm
A\ Uzmtcmln tXmnx
]iyt _lphnkvXcw
]cammhv {_NcyhrntbmSp IqSnbXpw kvXw`w
t]mse ZrVhpw ^ebphpw Bbnkwkmc iISw \nb
{nv Npa \ndhpw apXpw XyPn tijw hnimecq]
n ImWs Spp.
12. Imex {]mW `Khm
arXbp ithm atlizcx
Dt{Km `h cp{Z
kkpcmx kmkpcm kvXYm
Ime, {]mW, arXyp, ih, atl izc D{K
`h cp{Z FnhtcmSpw tZhmkpcmtcmSpw tN
XmWv Cu ]c ammhv .
13. {]Pm]Xn hncmZv ssNh
]pcpjx kene tah N
kv XpbtX a{kwkvXpssXy
cYhhnZn ssXhn`px
Cu khhym]n bmb ]pcpj XsbmWv {]Pm]
Xn bmb hncmSv cq]ambpw Pecq]ambpw kv XpXyl \mb
AYh thZnse {]kn \ma fm kvXpXn s Sp
Xv.
14. Xw jUv hnwiI CtXytX
k]vX hnwiw XYm ]tc
]pcpjw \nKpWw kmwJy
aYhinctkm hnZpx
Ccp]n Bdmas XXzsapw Ccp]n Ggm
as XXz sap ]ecpw CXn s\ n ]dbpp. AYhh
tZnse D]\njpI CXns\s bmWv \nKpW
kmwJysav ]dbp Xv.
15. NXphnwiXnkwJymXw
hy ahytah N
AssZzX ssZzXanXymlp
kv{Xn[m Xw ]Ym XYm
]ecpw CXns\ Ccp]n\memas kwJysbpw
]ecpw Ahy sap At\Iw t] hysap ssZzX
sap ]dbpp. AXpt]mse Nne AXns\ {Xnhn[sapw
A`n{]mb sSpp.
16. {_mZyw mhcmwN
]iyn m\ Npjx
XtaItah ]iyn
]cnipw`w hn`pw ZznPmx
m\ Zrn tN F{Xtbm ]nXm {_mhp
apX PU]Zmw hsc bp Fm {]]sbpw
AXna lm\mb Hcp {]`phns cq]n ImWpp.
17. bkv an khanZw t{]mXw
{_ mhc PwKaw
Xkvanth ebw bm{n {khyx
kmKtc bYm
mhcPw Kam Iamb Cu {]]w GXnemtWm
tIm s ncnpXv AXp XsbmWv {_w. \Zn I
kap{Zn hnebw {]m]np Xpt]mse khhpw Cu
{_ n hnebw {]m]npp.
18. bkv an `mhm {]eobt
eo\mmhyXmw bbpx
]iyn hyXmw `qtbm
Pbt _pZv _pZm Ch
IpanfI Fs\ Pen Dhnp. AXn
Xs ebw {]m]npp. AXpt]mse kIe]Zmfn
epw GXn P\nv GXnemtWm AZriyamIpXv AXp
XsbmWv {_w m\nI B {_s ImWpp.
19. t{X m[njvTnXw ssN hm
ImcssWx hnZytX ]p\x
Ghw k `Khm tZhw
]iyyt\y ]p\x ]p\x
t{Xt {X cq]n B {_w kh
nepw hknpp. Imc WfmemWv AXv Adn b sSp
Xv. C s\bp t{X \mb `Khms\ m\nI
hopw hopw Zin pp.
I K
N P
609
20. {_ {_tXyYmbmn
tb hnZp {_mkvXYm
Ass{Xh tX ebw bmn
eo\mmhyim en\x
eo\mmhy imen\x CXyp]\njXv
{_s Adnbphcmb {_m W {_s
{]m]npp. Ah AXn hnebw {]m]nv Ahy `mh
n tim`npp Fv D]\njv
a{ntIm]\n jv kam]np.
Q
imn]mTw
lcnx Hmw. iw t\man{Xx iw hcpWx
iwt\m`hXpcyam.
iT \ Ct{m _rlkv]Xnx iw t\m
hnjvWpcpcp{Iax at\m {_tW.
\akvtX hmtbm.
Xztah {]Xyw {_mkn Xzmtah
{]Xyw {_ hZnjman. EXw hZnjyman
kXyw hZnjyman XmahXp. XZzmcahXp.
AhXp amw AhXp hmcw.
Hmw imnx imnx imnx
(lcn Hmw an{X hcpW Acyamhv C{ _rl-
kv ]Xn Dcp{Ia\mb hnjvWp Chscmw \apv awKfw
sNs. {_n\v \akvImcw. hmbptZhm, Atbvv
\akvImcw. ApX {]Xyamb {_w. Asb-
s {]Xy {_w Fv ]dbpp. Rm EXw
]dbpw. Rm kXyw ]dbpw. hmbpcq]nbmb {_w
Fs cns. BNmcys\ cns Fsbpw
BNmcys\bpw cns. hnLv \v imnbp-
mIs.)
Hmw kl \mhhXpx kl \u `p\p
kl hocyw Ichmhssl. tXPkzn\n \m
h[o XakvXp. am hnZznjmhsslx
Hmw imnx imnx imnx
(]c{_w Kpcpinjymcb R cpt]scbpw
cns. R Hcpanv t]mjWw {]m]ns,
Hcpanv IIpieX t\Ss. RfpsS A[yb\w
DXv IrjvSamIs. R ]ckv]cw hntZzjw ]pem
Xncns.)
1. Aw`ky]mtc `ph\ky at[y
\mIky ]rjvtT altX alobm
ipt{IW tPymXowjn ka\p{]hnjvSx
{]Pm]XncXn Kt` Ax
(A]mcamb Aw`n ep w `p h\a[yn ep w
kz n s ]rjv Tn ep w hym]cn n cn p
alnepw almb {]Pm]Xn ip{Im (_oPcq]w)
tPymXnpIfn A\p{]hnjvS\mbn K`n\pn
{]hnpp.PohnIfpsS PmZn]cnWman\p
ImcWw ]c{_w Xs)
2. bkvannZw kw N hnssNXn kw
bkvan tZhm A[n hntiz \ntjZpx
XtZh {`pXw XZp `hyam
CZw XZtc ]cta thyma.
(CsXmw bmsXmn tNcpIbpw hnebnpIbpw
sNpp. Fm 2 tZhmcpw bmsXmn sFizcy
tmsS ]pecpp. AXpXs IgnXpw hcm
t]mIpXpw Fm CXv A\izcamb ]ca thyman
(BImin) \ne\nevpp.
3. tb\mhrXw Jw N Znhw alow N
tb\mZnXykvX]Xn tXPkm {`mPkm N
bax kapt{Z Ihtbm hbn
bZtc ]cta {]Pmx
(bmsXmpsImv BImihpw tZymhpw alnbpw
alm\mcmbtWm]\njv
1
3
I K
N P
610
BhrXamWv bmsXmp sImv BZnXy Djv Ww
sImpw {]Imiw sImpw X]npp. bmsXmcphs\
IhnI (m\nI lrZb kap{Zn kmmXv
cnpp. ]cahpw A\izchpamb bmsXmcp kXyn
{]PI ]pecpp. AXmWv ]ca{_w.
4. bXx {]kqXm PKXx {]kqXn
tXmtb\ Pohm hyNk `yqaymw
btZmi[o`yx ]pcpjm ]ipw
hnthi {`qXm\n NcmNcmWn.
(bmsXmn \nv Clns {]kqXnbmb {]Ir
Xn Dmbn. Pem `qanbn PohnIsf krjvSnp.
bmsXmv Huj[nItfmSpIqSn hynIsfbpw, arK
sfbpw NcmNc`qXsfbpw Dsmp.
5. AXx ]cw \m\yZWobkw lo
]cmXv ]cw bltXm almw
btZIahya\cq]w
hnizw ]pcmWw Xakx ]ckvXmXv
(bmsXmv ]csm ]camWv, almbnp
Xn \npw almWv. Ahyhpw hnhn[cq]hpw
]pcmX\hpw AImcn\p ]pdpXpw AXnepw
]cambn _rltm, AWptm Bbn bmsXmpan
F \nebnepXpw BWv AXmWv ]c{_w.)
6. XtZhw XZp kXyaml
kvXtZh {_ ]caw Iho\mw
Cjv Sw ]qw _lp[m PmXw Pmbam\w
hnizw _n`n `ph\ky \m`nx
(AXp Xs EXw, AXpXs kXyw, AXpXs
m\nIfpsS ]c{_w. {ipXnkvarXn Ifpw
AXpXs. `h\ns \m`nbmbn _lphn[n
PmXhpw DmIsSpXpw Cu temIs \nb{np
Xpw AXpXs. B ]c{_w.
7. XtZhmnkvXZvhmbpkvXXv
kqcykv XZp N{amx
XtZh ip{IaarXw XZv{_ XZm]x
k {]Pm]Xnx
(AXpXs An, hmbp, kqcy, N{, \
{X, AarXw AXv lncayK`\mIpp. AXv Peam
Ipp. Ah {]Pm]Xn krjvSn Imhv BIpp.)
8. kt \ntajm Pntc
hnZypXx ]pcpjmZ[n
Iem aplqmx ImjvTmmtlmcm
{Xm kix
9. Aamkm amkm EXhmx kwh
c Iev ]mw
k A]x {]Zpt[ Dt` Cta Acn
atYm kphx
({]Imiam\\mb ]pcpj\n \nv Fm \ntaj
fpw Dmbn. IeI, aplq, ImjqI,
Atlmcm{X, Aamk, EXp Fmw
Iev]nsp. Ah Pe{][m\fmb ]`qXsf
bpw ]ns kzw Acow cns\bpw Ids
Spp.)
10. ss\\aq[zw\ Xncyw \ aty ]cnP{K`Xv.
\ Xtkyti I\ Xky \ma alZyix
(Chs\ tatemv Afv a\nemnbnn. hne
s\tbm aytbm C. Bcpw Ahs m\mbnn.
Ahs t]cv t{ijvTamb biv FmIpp.
11. \ krti XnjvTXn cq]aky
\ Njm ]iyXn Iss\\w
lrZm a\ojm a\km`nIv A]v tXmb
GXw hncqZarXmkvtX `hn
(Chs cq]w Zi\hniba. Hcmfpw Chs\
NppsImv ImWpn. a\p \nb{np
lrZnX_pnbmb Ah A`nn]vX\mIpp. Bcv
CXns\ Adnbpp, Ah acWclnXcmIpp.
1. AZv`yx kw`qXx ]rYnsshy ckm
hnizIaWx kahXm[n
Xky XzjvSm hnZ[{Zq]taXn
XXv ]cpjky hnizamPm\at{K
(\mcmbWkqw)
(Pen \npw ]rYnhnbpsS ckn \np
Dmbn PKZv{kjvSmhn \nv CXn\pta kah
np. Xzjv Smhv Cu hncmSv ]pcpjs hnizcq]w
krjv Smcw`nepmbnpXmWv .
2. thZmtaXw ]pcpjw alm
BZnXyhw Xamkm ]ckv XmXv
Xtah hnZnXzmXn arXyptaXn
\m\yx ]m hnZytXb\mb
(\mcmbWkqw)
(Xakkns ApdXv BZnXyh\pw alm\pamb
Cu ]pcpjs\ Rm Adnbpp. B tZhs\ Adnm
am{Xta acWs AXn{IanpIbpffq. ]ca]Z{]m]vXn
v asmcp amhpw C.
I K
N P
611
3. {]Pm]XncXn Kt` Ax
APmbamt\m _lp[m hnPmbtX
Xky [ocmx ]cnPm\n tbm\ow
acnNo\mw ]Zann th[kx
(\mcmbW kqw)
{]Pm]Xn Dffn K`n (lrZbw) kcnp
p. PvRm\nI B th[ns tbm\nsb (Dev]n)
Adnbpp. acoNnIfpsS (tPymXnpI) m\s
Cnpp.)
4. tbm tZth`yx BX]Xn tbm tZhm\mw
]ptcmlnXm
]qthm tbm tZtht`ym PmXx \tam cpNmb
{_mtb
(\mcmbW kqw)
(bmsXmcm tZhmmbn Nppw {]Iminpp,
bmsXmcm tZhamcpsS apn lnXw sNbph
\mWv , bmsXmcm tZhmp anv P\nh\mWv B
{]Imiam\\mb {_]p{X\v \akv Imcw.
5. cpNw {_mw Pebx
tZhm At{K XZ {_ph
bkvssXzhw {_mtWm hnZymXv
Xky tZhm Ak hti
(\mcmbW kqw)
{_km_nbmb {]Imiw P\nn hcmb
tZhm BZyw AXv ]dp. bmsXmcp {_mW
C{]Imcadnbpp, Ah\v tZhm hiKcmbnocpp.
6. {lo tX evao ]Xv\yu Atlm
cmt{X]mtiz
\{XmWn cq]w Aizn\u hymw CjvSw
a\njmW, Aapwa\njmW, khw a\njmW
(\mcmbW kqw)
(hnthI _pnbpw ev anbpw AbpsS ]Xv\n
amcmIpp; cmhpw ]Iepw ]miz; \{X
CnXns\ Xmepw (a\njmW) B ]cam\w
Xmepw. khXzhpw Xmepw. Ipdnv. ASp
Fp kq KncWyK`kq{XnsebmWv.
1. lncWyK`x kahXmt{K
`qXky PmXx]XntcI BkoXv
k Zm[mc ]rYnhow ZymaptXamw
Ikvssa tZhmb lhnjm hnt[a.
(lncWy K`\mb {]Pm]Xn BZyw Dmbn.
PmX\mb Ah `qXfpsS ]Xnbmbn `hnp. Ah
Cu ]rXnhnsbbpw tZymhns\bpw [cnp. Atlshnv
GXp tZh\mWv lhnpsImv ]qP sNpI?)
2. bx {]mWtXm \nanjtXm aln
ssXzI CXv cmPmPKtXm _`qh
b Cui Aky Zzn]Z Xpjv]Zx
Ikvssa tZhmb lhnjm hnt[a.
(lncWy K`\mb {]Pm]Xn BZyw Dmbn. PmX
\mb Ah `qXfpsS ]Xnbmbn `hnp. Ah ]rYn
hnsbbbpw tZymhns\bpw [cnp. Atlshnv GXp
tZh\mWv lhnpsImv ]qP sNpI?)
2. bx {]mWtXm \nanjtXm aln
ssXzI CXv cmPm PKtXm _`qh
b Cui Aky Zzn]Z Xpjv]Zx
Ikvssa tZhmb lhnjm hnt[a.
bmsXmcm alzm {]mW\pffhcpw {]h
Icpw ASnb PKnsGI\mbns cmPm
hmbn. bmsXmcm Zzn]Zfpw NZpjv]ZfpaSnb Cu
PKns Cui\mbn, B tZh\msX ammWv lhn
psImv ]qPsNpI.
3. b BZm _eZm bky hniz
D]mktX {]injw bky tZhmx
bkyOmbmarXw bky arXyp
Ikvssa tZhmb lhnjw hnt[a
(bmsXmcm PohnZmXmhpw inZmXmhpw BIpp
bmsXmcmsf seIw apgph D]mknpp tZhm
bmsXmcphs {]injs (Bm A\pkcnpp,
bmsXmcphs \ng AarXamIpp, AXpt]mse
acWhpamIpp, B tZh\msX ammWv, ]qPsN
pI?
4. btkyta lnahtm alnXzm
bky kap{Zm ckbm klmlp
btkyx am {]Zntim bky _mlp
Ikvssa tZhmb lhnjm hnt[ax
(lnahm XpSnb h\ bmsXmcphs alna
Impp, kap{Zw \ZnItfmSpIqSn bmsXmcphs almyw
]dbpp. Cu ZnpI bmsXmcphs ssIIfmWv.
Atlshnv GXp tZh\mWv lhnpsIv ]qPmhn
[nsNpI.
5. bw {Icpko Ahkm XkvX`mt\
Ass`ytXmw a\km tcPamt\
b{Xm[nkqc DZncn\ thyXn
Ikvssa tZhmb lhnjm hnt[a
I K
N P
612
tim`np cWm Fsd sXfnbp {I
knI ( BImihpw `qanbpw) a\psImv, bmsXmcp
hs\ Iav Sp bmsXmcnSv kqcy DZbn Npn
\opp B ]cammhns\bmsX GXp tZhs\bmWv
]qPnnpI?
6. tb\ Zyucp{Km ]rYnho N ZrtV
tb\ kphx kvX`nXw tb\ \mIx
tbm AcotcPtkm hnam\x
Ikvssa tZhmb lhnjmhnt[ax
(bmsXmcph\m D{Kamb tZymhpw ]rYnhnbpw ZrVam
sp, GsXmcph\m kphw ( kzw) Ddnsp
GsXmcph\m Acon cmPk\amsc \nnp
B tZhs\bmsX atsXmcmsfbmWv Bcm[npI)
7. Bt]m l bXohnizambw
Zw Z[m\w P\bocnw
XtXm tZhm\mw \nchXmkptcIx
Ikvssa tZhmb lhntj hnt[a
(bmsXmns alXzw Imp ApI (Pew)
Ansb P\nnm\m{Klnv Zs [cnv hnizmIm
cs {]m]np, ]ns tZhmacpsS GIamb Akp
(Poh) \nhnp. B tZh\msX BmWv lhn
psImv ]qPsNpI?
8. bnZmt]m aln\m ]cy]iyXv
Zw Z[m\m P\bocnw
tbm tZthjz[n tZh GI BkoXv
Ikvssa tZhmb lhnjm hnt[a
bmsXmcph Ansb P\nnmam{Klnv Z
s [cn (alXzam) ApIsf kzw alXzm
anIv GItZh\mbn, B lncwWy K`cq]\mb
tZhs\bmsX amscbmWv lhnpsImv ]qPnpI?
12. Gjm ln tZhx {]Zntim \p kmx
]qtm ln PmXx k D Kt` Ax
k hnPmbam\x k P\njyamWx
{]XyMv apJmkvXnjvTXn hniztXmapJx
(Cu tZh Xs Fm {]ZnpIfnepw hym]n
pp. BZyw P\n Ah Xs ]e hn[n P\n
pp. P\nm t]mIpp; {]XyMvapJ\mbn nXn
sNpp; Ah hniztXmpJ\mbn nXnsNpp.
Ah hniztXmpJ\mbn \nesImffpp.
13. hnizXpcpX hniztXmaptJm
hniztXmlkvX DX hnizXkv]mXv
kw _mlp`ymw \aXn kw]ss{X
Zymh]rYnho P\b tZh GIx
(Zymhm ]rYnhnIsf P\nnp P\b tZh GI
hniztXm t\{X\pw hniztXm apJ hniztXm lkvX\pw
hniztXm]mZ\pw Bb B tZh _mlpfmepw ]X{X
fmepw (NndIv) kwanpp ( t{]cnnpp)
14. th\kvXXv ]iy hnizm `qh\m\n
hnZzm b{X hnizw `htXyI\oUw
bkvannZw kwN hn ssNXnx k
HmXx t{]mX hn`px {]Pmkp.
(bmsXmn hnizw Hcp \oUw (IqSv ) t]mse
`hnpp, AXv Adnbh Fm `ph\sfbpw
Zinv th\ ({]Imihm) BIpp. bmsXmn Cu
temIw Hnp tNcpIbpw th]ncnbpIbpw hne
s\bpw hym]nncnpp.
15. {]XtZzmtN AarXw Xp hnZzm
Kthm \ma \nlnXw Kplmkp
{XoWn ]Zm \nlnXm Kplmkp
bkvXZv thZ kXpx ]nXm kXv
KplIfn (lrZbw) \nlnXamb AarXs Adn
h\mb Kh ]dp, _pnbn \nlnX
fmb aqp ]Zsf (Pm{KXv) kz]v\w kpjp]vXn, Bcv
tht]mse Adnbpp. Ah khnXmhns (kqcy)
]nXmhmIpp.
16. k t\m _p P\nXm k hn[mXm
[mam\n `ph\m\n hnizm
b{X tZhm AarXam\im\mx
XrXotb [mam \yss`ycb
(bmsXmcnSv aqmas temIn (ZyptemIw)
AarXw A\p`hnphcmb tZhm. \ m\
{]m]np. B tZh \psS _phmIpp. P\I\pw
hn[mXmhpw kIe `ph\fpw Adnbph\p am
(]c{_w XsbmWv ChnS kqNnnsXv)
17. ]cnZymhm]rYnhobn kZyx
]cnt]mIm ]cn Znix ]cn kphx
EXky Xpw hnXXw hnNrXy
XZhiyXv XZ`hXv {]Pmkp.
(Zymhm ]rYnhnI (`qan, BImiw,) hym]n
temIs hym]npp. kzs hym]npp. {]PI
fn EXsap ]dbp ]cakXyns hnXXamb
Xphns\ (\q) [ym\nv AXv Zinp; AXv AXmbn
op.
I K
N P
613
18. ]coXy temIm ]coXy`qXm\n
]coXy khm {]Zntim Zni
{]Pm]Xnx {]YaPm EXkym
\m\`nkw_`qh
EXns (]c{_w) {]Ya P\mb {]Pm]nXn
temIfn hym]nv, `qXfn hym]np, Fm
ZnpIfnepw hnZnpIfnepw hym]nv, Bmhp sImv
Bmhns\ t\cnp cnpp.
19. kZkkv]XnaZv`pXw {]nban{ky Imayw
k\nw ta[mabmknjw
(C{s (Bmhv) {]nb\pw Imay\pw T A`pXkz
cq]\pw ta[sb \Iph\pamb kZkv ]Xnsb
(AhymIrX{_w) {]m]ns Fv {]mnpp.
20. Do]ykz PmXthtZm ]Lv\ \nEXnw aa
]iqw alyamhl Poh\w N Zntim Zi
(Fs \nEXnsb (]m]w) \innph\mbn PmX
thZ (An) \mb tZh, Do]nmepw, l\nv arKsf
Xmepw. ZoLmbppw ZnpIfpw (m\w) XcpI.
21. am t\m lnwkomX thtZm
Kmaizw ]pcpjw PKXv
A_n{ZZ BKln
{inbm am ]cn]mXb
tl, PmXthZ (An) RfpsS tKmsfbpw,
Aizsfbpw, ]pcpjmscbpw, PKns\bpw lnwkn
cpXv. tl At, A_n{`Xv (RfpsS A]cm[
a\n IcpXmsX) hmepw. Fs sFizcytmsS
tNmepw.
22. ]pcpjky hnZva kl{kmky almtZhky
[oaln Xtm cp{Zx {]tNmZbmXv
(]pcpjs\ R Adnbs. AXn\mbn kl{km
\mb almtZhs ( almtZhs\) R [ym\np
p. cp{Z AXn Rsf t{]cns.)
23. XXv ]pcpjmb hnZvatl almtZhmb [oaln
Xtm cp{Zx {]tNmZbmXv
XXv ]pcpjs\ ]pcpjs\ (]cammhv) R
Adnbs. almtZhs\ R [ym\npp. AXn\v
cp{Z Rsf t{]cnns.
24. XXv]pcpjmb hnZvatl
h{IXpWvUmb [oaln
Xtm Znx {]tamZbmXv
(]cammhns\ R Adnbs. hf Xpn
sbpff tZhs\ R [ym\npp. AXn Zn
Rv {]tNmZ\acpfs.)
25. XXv ]pcpjmb hnZvatl
N{I XpWvUmb [oaln
Xtm Znx {]tSmZbmXv
(]ca]pcpjs\ Adnbm Rfm{Klnpp.
N{IXpWvUs\ R [ym\npp. AXn ZntI
izc Rv {]tNmZ\acpfs.(Akpcmcpambpff
bpn N{Is hmbvsImp]nSnXn\m B t]cv
Inn.)
26. XXv ]pcpjmb hnZvatl
almtk\mb [oaln
Xtm jpJx {]tNmZbmXv
R B ]ca]pcpjs\ Adnbm\m{Klnpp.
AXn\p R almtk\s\ [ym\npp. jpJ
Amcyn Rv {]tNmZ\w \Is.
27. XXv ]pcpjmb hnZvatl kphW
]mb [oaln
Xtm KcpUx {]tNmZbmXv.
(]ca]pcpjs\ Adnbm R B{Klnpp.
kph ]s\ AXn\v [ym\npp. AXn\v KcpU
Rv {]tNmZ\acpfs.
28. thZm\mb hnZvatl lncWyK`mb
[oaln Xtm {_ {]tNmZbmXv
thZmmhmb ]ca]pcpjs\ R Adnbm\m{K
lnpp. AXn\v lncWy K`s\ [ym\npp.
AXn {_w Rv {]tNmZ\acpfs.
29. \mcmbWmb hnZvatl hmkptZhmb [oaln
Xtm hnjvWpx {]tNmZbmXv.
(R \mcmbWs\ Adnbm B{Klnpp.
AXn\v hmkptZhs\ [ym\npp. AXn hnjvWp
Rv {]tNmZ\acpfs.
30. h{P\Jmb hnZvatl XovW
ZwjvSmb [oaln
Xtm \mcknwlx {]tNmZbmXv
(R `mkvIcs\ Adnbm\m{Klnpp. alyp
XnIcs\ [ym\npp. AXn\v BZnXy {]tNmZ\
acpfs.
31. sshizm\cmb hnZvatl emeoemb [oaln
Xtm Anx {]tNmZbmXv
(R sshizm\cs\ Adnbm\m{Klnpp.
I K
N P
614
AXn\v emeoes\ [ym\npp. ( emeob AnbpsS
Hcp ]cymbamWv) AXn\v An {]tNmZ\w \Is.
33. ImXymb\mb hnZvatl I\ymIpamcn [oaln
Xtm Zpnx {]mtNmZbmXv
R ImXymb\s\ Adnbm\m{Klnpp.
AXn\v Ipamcnsb [ym\npp. AXn\v Zpn {]tNmZ\
acpfs. ( Zp Xs Zpn)
34. kl{k]cam tZho iXaqe iXmpcm
kw lcXp ta ]m]w Zpm
Zpxkz]v \m \min\o.
(BbncWn\v HuXnjvIrjvSyapffXpw, tZhn
bpw At\Iw apcpI tNXpw \qdpIWn\v apfI
fpffXpw Zpxkz]v\\min\nbpw Bb IdpIpv Fs
Fm ]m]hpw \inns.
35. ImWv UmXv ImWvUmXv {]tcmlo ]cpjx
]cpjx]cn
Ghm t\m Zpt {]X\p klt{kW
itX\ N
( Hmtcm apn \npw karnbmbn hopw apfp
hcp IdptI, C{]Imcw Rsfbpw iXambpw kl{k
ambpw hnnpI.)
36. bm itX\ {]Xt\mjn klt{kW
hntcmlkn
Xkymkv tX tZhojvStI hnt[a lhnjm hbw
(Bcm[ybmb tZhn, IdptI, bmsXmv \qdpIW-
mbn hnpp, BbncIWmbn hfcpp. A-
s\bpff \n\v R lhnpsImv Bcm[\-
sNpp.)
37. Aiz{Imt cY{Imt hnjvWp{Imt
hkpcm
inckm [mcbnjyman ckz amw ]tZ ]tZ.
Aiz ,NhnnbXpw cY DcpXpw, hnjv Wp
NhnnbnpffXpamb `qan, incpsImv Rm \ns
[cnpp Fs ASnbv Sn cnpI.
38. {`pant[\p[cWo temI[mcnWo
DrXmkn hcmtlW IrjvtW\
iX _mlp\m
(]iphns\tmse ]pjv Sn Zmbn\nbpw, temI[mcn
Wnbpw Bb `qan At\Iw ssIItfmSp IqSnb hcml
cq]nbmb IrjvW\m \o DcnshfmWv )
39. arntI l\ ta ]m]w bbm Zpjv IrXw
arntI {_Zmkn Imiyt]\m`n
a{nXm
arntb tZln ta ]pjvSnw Xzbn kw
{]XnjvTnXw.
(Atbm arntI (`qan) bmsXmcp Zpjv IrX
Fm IrXyambn AXv \innmepw. arntI, \o
{_ZbmWv, Imiy]\m A`na{nXbmWv. arn
tI, F\nv ]pjvSn \IpI. \nn \nv khw
{]XnjvTamIpp.
40. arntI {]XnjvTntX kw
Xt \nWpZ arntI
Xzbm ltX\ ]mt]\
Kman ]camw KXnw.
(arntI, {]Xnjv TnXbmbhsf, Fs Fm
]m]hpw \innpI. Fm lXamb ]m]m
Rm ]caamb KXn {]m]npp.
41. bX C{ `bmatl
XtXm t\m A`bw Ir[n
aLhcKvn Xh X
DuXtb hnZzntjm hnart[m Pln.
( tl C{, FhnsS \nv Rv `bapmIpp,
AhnsS \nv Rv B`bw sNbvXmepw. aLh,
AbpsS `\mb RfpsS ]m]w \innpI.
RfpsS DuXnmbn (c) bpnse i{Xpsf
\innmepw.)
42. kzkvXnZm hnikv ]Xn
hr{Xlm hnart[m hio
hrtj{x ]pc GXp \x
kzkv XnZm A`bcx
(awKfw \Iph\pw hnikv]Xnbpw (P\cI)
hr{Xlmhpw ( hr{Xs\ sImh) bpn hnP
bnbpw, hjw \Iph\pw, A`bw \Iph\pw
Bb C{ RfpsS ]ptcm`mKn hcpamdmIs.
43. kzkv Xn \ Ct{m hr{ihmx
kzkv Xn \x ]qj hnizthZmx
kzkv Xn \kvXmtym Acnjv St\anx
kzkvXn t\m _rlkv]XnZ[mXp.
(hr{ihmb (henb Ionam) C{ \
Acpfs. hnizthZmhmb (Fmw Adnbp) kqcy
\apv \ \Is. Acnjv St\anbmb (B]Ip
) KcpU \apv \ \Is. _rlkv]Xn \apv
awKfw \Is.
I K
N P
615
44. B]ma\ykvXr]e {]`tm
[p\nx inaohm icpam EPojo
tkmtam hnizm\yXkmh\m\n
\mmKn{w {]Xnam\m\n t`Zpx
B]Xa\yphpw (tIm]anm) Xr]e {]`mhpw
(aqpineIfm {]lcnp) [p\nbpw (i{Xpkwlmc
I) inaohm\pw (Ibp) iXam\pw (Bbp[[mcn)
EPojnIw (tkmagnb) Bb tkma AXkmh\sf
(hch\) hfpp. {]Xnam\ (FXncfhp
I) C{s\ Ahmmbn (Iogvtmv) Xmgv pn.
45. {_m\w {]Yaw ]pckvXmZzn
koaXx kpcptNm th\ Bhx
k _p[v\nbmw D]am Aky hnjvTmx
kX tbm\nakX hnhx
( apv {_n \nv P\nh\pw, BZyapmb
h\pw tim`mhm\pw Bb th\ ( kqcy) AXnn
I hsc hntijnv BhcWw sNpp. Ah Aco
nepffhbpw BhcWw sNpp. Chs kZri
]Zm hnhn [amWv . Ah knsbpw,
Aknsbpw Dhm\hpw hym]vXampp.
46. tkym\m ]rYnhn `hm \rcm \nthi\o
bm \x iaa k{]Yamx
(`qXPmeP\\nbpw AhbYm m\ \nthinnp
hfpw {]ikv Xbpw Bb `qan, tkym\bmbn (ZpxJ\m
in\n) XocpI, Rv kpJw \IpI.
47. KZzmcm Zpcm[jmw
\nXy]pjvSmw IcojnWow
Cuizcow k {`qXm\mw
Xmantlm]lztb {inbw.
KZzmcbpw (Kwhgn AdnbsSph) Zpcm[
jbpw, \nXy]pjvSbpw, IcojnWnbpw (hfw tNh)
kh`qXfptSbpw Cuizcnbpw Bb B evansb
ChnsS Rm Ba{Ww sNpp.
48. {iota `PXp, Aevaota \iyXp
hnjv WpapJm ssh tZhmivOtm`n
cnam temIm\]Pa`yPb
alm Ct{m h{Pq_mlpx
tjmUio i bXp.
({io Fs `Pns, Aevao F\nv \ins.
hnjvWp apXemb tZhm thZhnKnXIfm Cu
temIsf aphv Pbnm\mIhn[w Pbnp.
h{P_mlphpw, aKm\pamb C{\pw, ]Xn\mdp IeI
fm N{\pw kpJw \Is.
49. kzkv Xn t\m aLhm ItcmXp
lp ]m]vam\w tbm kv am tZzjvSn.
C{ Rp \ sNs. Rsf t{Zmln
p ]m]nsb \inns.
50. tkmam\w kzcWw IrWpln
{_Wkv]tX, Iohw b HuinPw
icocw biaew, IpkoZw
Xkvan koZXp tbm kv am tZzjvSn.
({_lvWkv ]tX (thZ\mYbp]cammth)
tkmackm DmIp Fs Huinns ]p{X\mb
Iohm F Ejnsbtmse {]kn\mnXo
mepw. Fs icocs tbmKw sNm iampI,
bmsXmcph Rsf tZzjnpp. Ah \cInse
s.)
51. NcWw ]hn{Xw hnXXcw ]pcmWw
tb\ ]qXkvXcXn ZpjvIrXm\n
tX\ ]hnt{XW ipt\ ]qXm
AXn ]m]vam\acmXnw Xtca.
(hnXXambn (hym]n) ]pcmX\amb ]mZw ]cnip
amIpp. bmsXmp sImv ]qX\ambn ZpjvIrXsf
XcWw sNpp. ]cniphpw \nehpamb AXpsIm
v hnipcmbn ]m]amIp i{Xphns\ AXn{Ianv
R XcWw sNs.)
52. ktPmjm C{ kKtWm acpZv`nx
tkmaw ]n_ hr{Xl iqc hnZzm
Pln i{Xq A] art[m \pZkzm[m`bw
IrWplnhniztXm \x
(hrXm\pkmcw sImh\pw, iqc\pw hnZzm\pamb
C{m, KWklnX\mbn acpptfmSp IqSn hv
kktmjw tkmacks, IpSnpI, i{Xpsf
\innpI. bpn\v hnpff i{Xpsfbpw
\innpI. ]ns Rv Fm hn[nepw A`bw
\IpI.
53. kpan{X \ B] Huj[b kp
Zpan{XmkvXkvssa Zqb kqtmkvam
tZzmjvSn bw N hbw Zznjvax
Rv Pehpw, Hmj[nbpw \ an{Xfmbn
`hns. bmsXmcph Rsf tZzjnpp. bmsXmcp
hs\ R tZzjnpp, Ah\v tZmjw sNp an{X
DmIs.)
I K
N P
616
54. Bt]m ln jvTm atbm`phkvXm \ Duw
Z[mX\, atlcWmb Ntk. tbm
hx inhXtam ckvkvXky `mPbtX l\x
DiXocnh amXcx Xkv am Acw Kama
thm bky bmb Pn\zY. Bt]m
P\bYm N \x
(Atbm ApIsf, \n B\ZmbIsfv
{]knamWtm. As\bpff \n Rv
in \Inbmepw, alpw tim`\hpamb m\n
\mbn, bmsXmptm \nfpsS awKfXcamb ckw,
AXn\v ChnsS Rsf `mK`mmnbmepw kv t\ln
p Aamsctmse \nfpsS m\tv thK
n R t]mImw. Rv ApIsf, P\nn
pIbpw sNbvXmepw.
55. lncWyirwKw hcpWw {]]tZy
Xow ta tZln bmNnXx
bbm `pakm[q\mw
]mt]`y {]Xn{Klx
(kphamb IncoStmSp IqSnb hcpWs\ Rm
icWw {]m]npp. bmNnp F\nv Xo Pew
Xmepw. Rm ]m]nIfpsS `Ww Ignnpv, ]m]n
Ifn \nv km\hpw kzoIcnnpv.
56. bt a\km hmNm IWm hm
ZpjvIrXw IrXw
X Ct{m hcptWm _rlkvXnx
khnXm N ]pp ]p\x ]p\x.
(bmsXmcp ZpjvIrXw Fm a\km hmNm IaWm
sNsnptm. AXns\ C{\pw, hcpW\pw, _rl
kv ]Xnbpw, khnXmhpw hopw hopw ipoIcns.
57. \tamtb ]vkpatX \a C{mb
\tam hcpWmb \tam hmcpssWy \tamZv `yx.
(Penepff Anpw, C{\pw, hcpW\pw, hmcp
Wnpw \akv Imcw. ApIv \akvImcw.
58. bZ]mw {Iqcw bZKta[yw
bZimw XZ]KXmXv
ApIfpsS bmsXmv {Iqchpw, Aimhpambnp
tm AsXmw ZqcnemIs.
59. AXymi\mZXo]m\mXv
b D{KmXv {]Xn{KlmXv
Xt hcptWm cmPm
]mWn\m lyhaiXp.
AXymi\mepw, AXn]m\mepw D{Kamb
{]Xn{Klmepw bmsXmcp ]m]apmbnptm AXns\
cmPmhmb hcpW ssIsImv AIpamdmIs,
60. tkm la]mt]m hnctPm
\nptm apInev _njx
\mIky ]rjvTamcply KtZv
{_ ktemIXmw.
(As\bpff Rm ]m]anmh\mbn ctPm
KpWanmh\mbn \nap\mbn ]m]lo\\mbn
kzns D]cntIdn {_ns kmtemIyw {]m]n
s.
61. bm]vkp hcpWx k ]p\mXzLajWx
(bmsXmcph\mtWm Pen ]m]\miI\mb
hcpW Atlw ipoIcnpamdmIs.
62. Caw ta KwtK bapt\ kckzXn
ipXp{Zn kvtXmaw kNXm ]cpjv Wnbm
AknIv\nbm acpZzrt[ hnXkv Xbm
PoIotb irWplym kptjmabm.
(Atbm KwtK, bapt\, kckzXn, ipXp{Zn,
hcphrt[, BPnXIotb ]cpjvaWntbmSpw AkvIn\n
tbmSpw hnXkvXtbmSpw kptjmatbmSpw IqSn Fs Cu
kvtXm{Xw Fmhcpw IqSntv tImepw.
63. EXw N kXyw Nm`ozm]tkm [yPmbX
XtXm cm{XncPmbX XXx
kapt{Zm A]hx
64. kap{ZmZhmZ[n kwhtcm APmbX
Atlmcm{XmWn hnZ[Zznizky anjtXm hio.
65. kqcymN{aku [mXm bYm]qaIev ]bXv
Znhw N ]rYnhow NmcnatYm kphx
(\mep]mSpw {]Iminp X]n \nv [hpw
kXyhpw Dmbn. AXn \nv Xs Pe]qamb
kap{Zw. kap{Zn \nv A\cw kwhcapmbn.
]Iepw cm{Xnbpw \nnp Cuizc Pohnp
hnizns \mY\mIpp. hn[mXmhv kqcyN{m
scbpw, ]gXpt]mse \nnpw. kzw, `qan, A
cow, BImiw Chbpw Iev]np.)
66. bXv ]rYnhymw cPx kzamcnt hntcmZko
CamwkvXZmt]m hcpWx ]p\mXzLajWx
]p\phkhx ]p\mXp hcpWx
]p\mXzLajWx
Gj `qXky at[y `ph\ky tKm]vXm
I K
N P
617
Gj ]pWyIrXmw temImt\j
artXym lncbw
Zymhm]rYnthymlncbw kw{inXw
kphx k\x kphx kwinim[n.
(]rYnhnbnepw, Aconepw, kz`qanIfn
epw bmsXmcp kzIob]m]w AXn\nv Cu Rsf
ApIfmIp tZhXbpw ]m]\miI\mb hcpW\pw
ipoIcns. hkp ipoIcns. hcpW
ALajWs\ Ejn, Ch cns. Cu hcpW
`qX`mhnIfpsS a[ynepff temIns cI\mWv,
Ch ]pWyw sNbvXhv DNnXfmb temI
\Ip ]m]nIv bas lncbsa temIw
\Ipp. Ah \apv B\acpfs, ]m] ap
cmn Rsf A\p{Klns.
67. B{Zw PzeXn tPymXnclakvan tPymXn
PzeXn {_mlkv an tbm lakvan
{_mlkvan. Alakv an {_ml
akvan Altahmlw amw Pqtlman kzmlm
(\\ hnv apfbvpXpt]mse {]fb Pe
n \nv Cu {]]w krjvSnp ]catPymXnp
Rm\mWv. Rm XsbmWv {_w. Rm Fs
]catPymXnn tlmanpp.
68. AImcyImcyhIotm
kvtXt\m {`qWlm KpcpXev]Kx
hcptWm ]maLajW
XkvamXv ]m]mXv {]apNytX.
AImcyImcn (sNtmXv sNph) Ah
Io ({hX`wKwhcpph) kv tX\ (tNmc)
{`qWlm (K`]mXw hcpph) KpcpXev ]mK
(Kpcp]Xv\nsb {]m]nph) Chcpw ]m]apcmIp
p. ImcWw PetZhXbmb hcpW ]m]lmcnbmWv)
69. ctPm{`pankvXzw amw tcmZbkz
{]hZn[ocmx
Rm ]m]fpsS ctPm`qanbmWv (m\w) \o
Fs Icbnnq Fv [ocm ]dbpp.
70. B{Im kap{Zx {]Yta hn[
P\b {]Pm `ph\ky cmPm
hrjm ]hnt{X A[n kmt\m Athy
_rltmtam hmhrt[ kphm\ Cpx
(kap{Zw (]cammhv) Fmw B{Ianv \nevpp.
BZyw [n\\pkcnv {]PIsf P\nnv `ph\
ns cmPmhmbn A`ojvS hjnp ]cnipambn
DXv IrjvSamb lrZbn ]me\w sNbvXv tkma
(DamklnX\mb tZh) _rlmbn hfv, kphm
\\mbn (IZmXmhv) Cpls\tmse ktmjw \
Ipp.
Hmw A\phmIw Ignp.
A\phmIw cv
1. PmXthZtk kp\hma tkma
acmXobtXm \nZlmXn thZx
k \x ]jZXn ZpmWn hnizm
\mthh knpw ZpcnXmXymnx
(PmXthZn\mbn (An) tkmacks ]ngns
Sps. m\m kqNnnsSp An i{Xp
fmbXohsc ZlnntW. B An IepsImv
knphns\ Ft]mse \psS Fm Zpsfbpw
Apdv cntW. ZpcnXsf AIn cntW
2. XmanhWmw X]km Pzeow
sshtcmN\ow Ia^tejp PqjvSmw
Zpmw tZhow icWalw {]]tZy
kpXckn Xctk \ax
(Anhbpw X]psImv Pzennphfpw,
tim`bam\bpw, Ie tNhfpw Bb ZpmtZ
hnsb Rm icWw {]m]npp. Ffpn adpIsc
Fn p hsf, Rsf thKn Asc
FnpI)
3. At Xzw ]cbm \thym Akvan
kzkvXn`ncXn ZpmWn hnizm
]p ]rYzo _lpfmN Do
`hmtXmImb X\bmb iwtkmx
(tl At, \hy\mb \o Rsf kzkvXnIfm
Fm Zpsfbpw AXn{Ianv adnIcbnsenpI.
Nppw `qanbpw Irjnehpw [mcmfapmIs. tXmI
n\pw (km\w) X\bpw (IpnI) kpJw
tbmPnnph\mbn `hnmepw.)
4. hnizm\n t\m Zp{Klm PmXthZx
knpw \ \mhm ZpcnXmX]jn
At A{Xnh\km KrWmt\m
kvamIw t_m[yhnXm X\q\mw
(Atbm PmXthZ, B]p\innp `hm
RfpsS Fm ZpcnXsfbpw \uIsImv knp
hns\tmse AXn{Ianv \innmepw.)
I K
N P
618
5. ]rX\mPnXw klam\ap{Ka\nw
lptha ]camXv k[mXv
k \x ]jZXn ZpKmn hnizm
matthm AXn ZpcnXmXynx
(ssk\ysf Pbnh\pw kw klnph\pw
`bc\pw Bb Ansb DXv IrjvSamb m\p\nv
Rv Blzm\w sNpp. B tZh\hmb An
\psSm Zpsfbpw (B]v) AXn{Ianv \inn
s, ZpcnXsf AXn{Ianv Atlw cns.)
6. {]Xvt\mjn IaotUym A[ztcjp
k\mtlmXm \hy kn
Xzmw Nmt X\phw ]n{]bkzm
kva`yw N ku`KambPkz.
A[cfn (bmKw) CuUyXmb AnbkpJw
Dmpp. appffhhmbn, Ctmgpffh\pambn,
bmKfn tlmXmhmbn Av hknpp. tl At,
Xs tZlsbpw kpJabampI. Rpw ku`m
KyacpfpI.)
7. tKm`nPpjvSabptPm \njnw
Xth{ hnjvtWmc\pkwNtca
\mIky ]rjvTa`nkwhkmt\m
sshjvWhow temI ClamZbmw
tl C{, ]m]lo\\pw khym]nbpw Bb A
bpsS tKmfm tkhnsSpXpw AarX[mcbm
\\bv sXpamb ]Zs \apv ]cnNcnmw. kz
nsepw IgnbptZhm hnjvWp `nsb Cu
temIn \In ktmjns.
cmw A\phmIw Ignp.
A\phmIw aqv
1. "`qcatb ]rYnsshy kzmlm,
`pthmw hmbthcomb kzmlm,
kphcamZnXymb Znth kzmlm `q`ph
phcw N{amtkm ZnKv`yx kzmlm,
\tam tZth`yx kz[m ]nXrt`ym `q`phxkphc
tama.
(An\mbn Anpw ]rYnbvpw s\v ka
npp. An\mbn hmbphn\pw Acon\pw
lhnv Anpp. An\mbn `qan, BImiw,
kzw, N{, ZnpI Chv lhnv Anpp.
tZhmv \akvImcw. ]nXrv kz[. `qan kzw
BImiw Ch Rv Aw \Is.)
aqmw A\phmIw Ignp.
A\phmIw \mev
{`pctb ]rYznsshy kzmlm, `qthm
hmbth Acomb kzmlm, kphcm
ZnXymb Znth kzmlm, \tam tZth`yx,
kz[m ]nXrt`ym `{`q`phx kphc Hmw.
(`qanpw `qx `ph,x kzx Fo aqp hymlrXnI
pI BZnXy\pw tZymhn\pw lhnv kanpp.
tZhmv \akv Imcw, ]nXrv kz[. At,
Fs AwKoIcnpI.
\mew A\phmIw Ignp.
A\phmIw Av
1. {`qctb N ]rYznsshy N altX N
kzmlm, `pthm hmbth Acmb N
altX N kzmlm, {`p`phph{atk
N \t{X`y ZnKv`y altX N
kzmlm, \tam tZth`yx kz[m ]nXrt`ym,
`q`phx kphaltcmav .
(`qan, An, ]rYnhn, hmbp, A\cow, `ph
temIw, kztemIw, N{, \{X, ZnpI, tZh
m, ]nXr Chsmw Rm ]qP Anpp.)
Amw A\phmIw Ignp.
A\phmIw Bdv
1. ]mln t\m At G\tk kzmlm, ]mln
t\m hnizthZtk kzlm,
bw ]mln hn`mhtkm kzmlm,
kw ]mln iX{ItXm kzmlm.
(AtX ]m]n \nv Rsf cnpI. PRm
\n\v Rsf cnpI. bPv Rs cnpI. \qdp
tbmK sNbvX C{m kIeXpw cnpI.)
Bdmw A\phmIw Ignp.
A\phmIw Ggv
]mln t\m A GIbm,]mlypX ZznXo
bbm, ]mlyp PwXr Xobbm]mln Ko`n
Xkr`nhtkm kzmlm.
(AtX Hp sImv Rsf cnpI. cmat
XpsImpw aqmatXpsImpw Rsf insb
cnpI hkphmb tZhv, Rsf \mepKocpIfm
(\mepthZ) ]menpI.)
Ggmw A\phmIw Ignp.
I K
N P
619
A\phmIw Fv
1. bkmarjt`m hnizcq]tm
`riv Omwkymhnthi kXmwinIyx
t{]mhmtNm]\njZt{m tPyjvT C{nbmb
Ejnt`ym \tam tZth`yx kzm[m ]nXrt`ym
`q`phhivO Hmav.
(thZfn shv bmsXmcm t{ijvT\pw thZ
fn \nv PmX\pw k\v {]m]Wob\pw
t{ijv T\pw Bb C{ aljnamv C{nbPbn\v
D]\nj{Zlky hnZysb D]tZinp. As\bpff
tZhmv \akvImcw. ]nXrv kz[. `q; `phx)
Fmw A\phmIw Ignp.
A\phmIw HXv
1. \tam {_tW, [mcWw ta AkvXp
\ncmIcWw [mcbnXm {`pbmkw, Itbmx
{ipXw amthymVw amamapjy Hmav .
({_n\v \akv Imcw. F\nv [mcW imnbp
mIs. \ncmIcnmsX kIeXpw Hmph\mIs.
sNhn apXemb C{nbfm Adnbm IgnsXmpw
\jv SamImXncns.)
HXmw A\phmIw Ignp.
A\phmIw ]v
EXw X]x kXyw X]x {ipXw X]x
imw Xt]m ZakvXx iakvXt]m Zm\w tXm
bw Xt]m {`p`phx kph{_
GXZp]mkz GXx
(a\km kev]nsSp kXyw X]mWv . thZm
[yb\w, _mlym`ytc{nbfpsS D]cnXnbmIp
imn, X]v, Zm\w, bw, Ch X]Ipp. `q, `phx
kpJx "" Cu aqp hymKrXnIfpw {_amIpp. AXns\
D]mknpXpw X]mWv.
]mw A\phmIw Ignp.
A\phmIw ]Xns\mv
1. bYm hrky kw]pjv]nXky
ZqcmXv Ktm
hmtXyhw ]pWyky ItWm
ZqcmXv Ktm
hmXn, bYmkn[mcmw It
hlnXmah{Ita
bZypth bpth lhmw hnlzbnjyman Iw
]XnjymaotXyhaarXmZmm\w PqKp]vtkXv.
(\hw ]qp\np hrns Kw
Zqctbv v hoipXpt]mse ]pWyIns Zqc
tv hoipp. AXpt]mse Ipgnbn sh hmfns
hmbve Rm Nhnn \Smw Fp]dv \Sm
Ipgnbn hogpw. hnlze\mbnocmsX (amb) knnpX
Iphn[w Bmhns\ cnm\m{KlnWw.
]Xns\mmw A\phmIw Ignp.
A\phmIw ]{v
1. AtWmcWobm altXm alobm
Bm Kplmbmw \nlntXm ky Ptm
Xa{IXpx ]iyXn hoXtimtIm
[mXpx {]kmZmlnam\aoiw
(AWphns\m AWphmbnpffXpw alns\
m almbnpffXpambBmhv Cu Pphns
(Pohn) lrZb Kplbn nXnsNpp. hnjbm`nemjc
lnX B alXzapffCuis\ Cuizcs {]kmZm
ImWpp. kpJZpxJclnX\mbnocpIbpw sNpp.
2. kvX {]mWmx {]`hn Xkv amXv
k]vXmnjx kan[x kvXPnlzmx
k]vX Cta temIm tbjv S Ncn {]mWm
KplmibmnlnXmx k]vX k]vX.
3. AXx kap{Zm Knc kct
kvamyt knhx kcq]mx
AX hnizm Hmj[tbm cmkm
tbss\j {`pX kvXnjvTXycmm
(Ch\n \nv kIe kap{Zfpw, ]hXfpw
DmIpp. Ch\n \np Xs Fm hn[nepff
\ZnI HgpIpp. Ch\n \np Xs kIe Hmj
[nIfpw [ym\fpw DmIpp. bmsXmn Ch
`qXfm Nps Acmmhmbn \nesImffpp.
Bckhpw Ah\n \npXs.)
4. {_m tZhm\mw ]Zhox I\o\mw
Ejn hn{]mWmw alntjm arKmWmw
tiyt\m Kr{[mWmw kz[nXn h\m\mw
tkmax ]hn{XatXyXntc`.
(tZhmcn {_mhpw IhnXIfn ]ZhmIym
\nbpw, _pnammcn Ejnbpw arKfn t]mpw
IgpImcn ]cppw h\fn ]ciphpw bmKfn
tkmambmKhpw ]cnipambn i_v ZnpXmbn AXni
bnp hn[n {]tim`npp.)
I K
N P
620
5. APmtaImw temlnipIrjv Wmw
_lzow {]Pmw P\bow kcq]mw
AtPm tlytIm PqjamtWm\ptitX
PmltXy\mw `qt`mKatPm \yx.
(Xpeycq]w Ie At\Iw {]PIsf P\nnp
Npav, shfpv, Idpv \ndtmSp IqSn PclnXamb
Hcp {]IrXnsb A\p`hnp Hcp PclnX\mb
hyn euIoIhnjbfn apgpIngnbpp. Pan
m asmcp Poh t`mKsfmw A\p`hnp Xop.
Cu ambm {]IrXnsb ]cnXyPnpp. (]cammhpw
PohmmhpamWv ChnsS ]cmainsSpXv)
6. lwkxkpNnjZv hkqccnkZv
tlmXm thZnjZXnYn ZqtcmWkXv
\rjZzctkZrXkZv thymakZ_v Pm
tKmPm EXPm A{ZnPm EXw _rlXv.
(Ah BImiNmcnbmb lwkhpw (kqcy)
Acokmb hkp hp w (hmbp ) thZn bn
hknp tlmXmhpw (An) Ieifn hknp
AXnYnbpw (tkmackw) \rknepw hckpw
(a\pjycnepw tZhmcnepw Ccnp) EXkpw
(bmKnX) thymakpw (BIminX) A_vP
hpw (shffn P\nXv ) tKmPbpw (`qanbn P\nXv
EXPbpw (bmKn P\nXv) _rlpw (alpw
BIpp.)
6. bkvammXm \ ]cm ss\h InwN
\mk b Bhnthi `ph\m\n hnizm
{]Pm]Xnx {]Pbm kwhnZm\
kv{XoWn tPymXowjn kNtX k tjmUio.
(P\nnpff bmsXmn \nv A\yfm, Hpw
Dmbncpnm bmsXmcph Fm `ph\sfbpw
{]thinp. B {]Pm]Xn {]PItfmSv Hnp aqp
tPymXnpIfmb Hnp tNcpp. Ah ]XnmdpIe
Ifpffh\mWv ({_ns ]Xnmdp IeI {]mW,
{i, BImiw, hmbp, An, Pew, `qan, C{nbw, a\v ,
Aw, hocyw, X]v, a{w, Iw, temI, \ma
, ChbmWv )
6. hn[mcw lhmatl htkmx IphnZv
h\mXn \x khnXmcw\rNkw
(temIs [cnph\pw a\pjycpsS NnmZnI
Adnbph\pw Bb khnXmhns\ R Blzm\w
sNpp. Ah Rp [\w karambn \Is.)
7. LrXw ananntc LrXaky tbm\n
LrtX {inXu LrXaphky [ma
A\pjzYamhl amZbkz
kzmlmIrXw hrj` hn lhyw.
(LrXw tlmanp; LrXamWv Chs tbm\n.
(Dhm\w) LrXn B{ ibnh\mIpp.
LrXmXs Chs [maw. tl At, Hmtcm AW
nepw tZhmsc sImphcpI. aZnnpI. t{ijvT
\mbhs\, kzmlm Fp ]dv tlmanp tlma
{Zhyw hlnpI.
8. kap{ZmZqn a[pam DZmc
Zq]mwip\m kaarXXzmam\Sv
LrXky \ma Kplyw bZkvXn
Pnlzm tZhm\maarXky \m`nx
(kap{Z hnimeamb krjv Snbn \m`nt]mse
{]]w tX t]mse ktmj{]Zambn Dhnp.
LrXwt]mse t]mjIamb ]cakXyns\ bmsXmcp
Kplyamb \maaptm AXns aamb P]m
AarXXzw {]m]npp. AXv {ZhymcpsS PnlzbmIpp.
AarXns \m`nbnw ( (tI{w) BIpp.
9. hbw \am {]{_hmam LrtX\m
kvan bt [mcbmam \tam`nx
D] {_m irWhkyam\
NXpx irtKm haoZv Kuc GXXv.
(Cu bn {]Imicq]n R Hmw
F \maw Dcns. \akvImctfmsS Hmns.
\mep irwJtfmSp IqSnb ikyam\amb (]pIgv
sSp) irWh\mb (tIp) Kuc\mb (]cnip
) {_w CXns\ cns.
10. NXzmcn irwKm {Xtbm Aky ]mZm
tZz iotj k]vX lkv Xmw tkm Aky
{Xn[m _tm hrjt`m tcmchoXn
atlm tZthm aXym Bhnthi
CXn\v irwJ (sImv ) \mseamWv . ]mZ
aqmWv. incpI cmWv . CXn\v ssIbpI GgmWv .
aq p hn [n _ambn p ff hrj`w (Imf)
i_v Znpp. {]mIicq]nbmb tZh a\pjycn
{]thinp. (ChnsS Hmmcw, ]c{_w, [w ChbmWv
]cmainsSpXv . ]cm{]IrXnbpw A]cm{]IrXnbpw
cp incpI; Ggp temI, ssII, Pm{KXv
kz]v\kpjp]vXnI ]mZ)
11. {Xn[m jnXw ]Wn`nKplyam\w
KhntZhmtkm LrXa\zhn
C{ GIw kqcy GIw PPm\
th\mtZIw kz[bm \njv Xpx
I K
N P
621
(tZhkam\cmb an\nam aqp {]Imcn A\p
jvTnsXpw BNmcym clkyambn shsXp
amb LrX (kzbw {]Imiamb ]cakXyw) hmpIfn
{]m]np. C{ Hns\bpw kqcy Hns\bpw
P\nnp. B\ kzcq]amb Hn \np Hv kz{]
XnjvTnXamb BmhpsImv \njv]ambn.)
12. tbm tZhm\mw {]Yaw ]pckvXmX
hnizm[ntIm cpt{Zm aljn
lncWyK`w ]iyX Pmbam\w
k t\m tZhx ip`bm kvXpXym kwbp\p
(At Aw DXvIrjvS\pw EjnIamb bmsXmcp
cp{Z\n tZhmcn shv Hma\mb lncWyK`\p
appXs P\nph\mbn ImWpp, B tZh
\sf ip`amb kvarXntbmSp tbmPnns.)
13. bkvamXv ]cw \m ]cakvXn InnXv
bkvammWotbm \ PymtbmfkvXn InXv
hr Ch kvX_vt[m ZnhnXnjvT tXyI
kvtXt\Zw ]qWw ]pcptjW khw
(bmsXmn \nv ]cambntm A]cambntm Hpw
Zlnpn. bmsXmns\m sNdpXmbntmhepXm
bntm Hn. bmsXmcph hrstmse kv Xw`n
h\mbn GI\mbn tZymhn nXnsNpp B
]pcpj CsXmw ]qamWv.
14. \ IWm \ {]Pbm [t\\
XymtKss\tI AarXXzam\ip
]tcW\mIw \nlnXw Kplmbmw
hn{`mPtX bZyXtbm hnin
Ime, {]P (kXn) sIm, [\me,
XymKw sImmWv Nne tamw {]m]nXv . bmsXmn
s\bXnam {]thinpp, AXv kzn\pw Apdv
DffXmWv lrZbKplbn AXv {]Iminpp.)
15. thZm hnm\ kp\nnXmmx
k\ymktbmKmXv bXbx ipkzmx
tX {_temImjp ]cmImte
]cmarXm ]cnapNyn kth
(thZmm\w sImv Aw \nbw hcpn
bnpffhcpw k\ymk tbmKm hnipmxIcW
mcpw Bb Fm bXnIfpw DXv IrjvShpw acWclnXhp
amb {_ambnov Ahkm\Imev {_temI
fn ]qambn apmcmbnocpp.
16. Z{lw hn]mlw hcthiva`qXw
bXv ]pcoIw ]pca[ykww
X{Xm]nZt{l KK\w hntimIw
Xkvan bZkvXZp]mknXhyw
Z{lhpw (Aev ]w) hn]m]hpw (]m]anm) hcth
iy`qXhpw (Bmhns Ahkm\w) ]pca[ykww
(icoca[ynXw) Bb bsXmcp ]pcoIw (lrZbI
aew) AhnsSbpw Aev ev timIclnXamb
bmsXmcp BXXzw AXv, D]mknstSXmWv.
17. tbm thZmZu kzcx t{]mtm thZmt N
{]Xnjv TnXx
Xky {]IrXneo\ky bx ]cx k atlizcx
thZn BZnbn bmsXmcp kzcw ]dbsp,
thZmnepw Ddnp ]dp. {]IrXnbn ebnp
tNcp AXn \p w Ap dv bmsXmcp h\mtWm
Ah\mWv atlizcCuizc
A\phmIw ]Xnaqv
1. kll{kiojw tZhw hnizmw
hniz iw`phw
hnizw \mcmbWw tZhacw ]caw ]Zw
2. hnizXx ]caw \nXyw hnizw \mcmbWw lcnw
hniztathZw ]pcpjx kvXZznizap]PohXn
3. ]Xnw hnizkymtizcw imizXw
inhaNypXw
\mcmbWw almtbw hnizmm\w
]cmbWw
(Cu hnizw ]pcpj XsbmWv. AXpsImv
Bbncw incpIfpffh\pw {]Imikzcq]\pw At\Iw
Ipffh\pw temIawKfZmbI\pw {]] kzcq]I\pw
\ckaqlns {]`phpw tZh\pw \mianmh\pw
]ca{]Zambh\pw {]]n\v AXoX\pw \nXy\pw
hniz\pw \mcmbW\pw lcnbpw (]m]\miI) hniz\m
Y\pw Btizc\pw imizX\pw awKf kzcq]\pw ANyp
X\pw \c\mbn AhXcnh\pw almtb\pw hnizm
mhpw ]cmbW\pw (DXv IrjvSamb {]m]ym\w) Bb
tZhs\ Cu hnizw D]Pohnpp.)
4. \mcmbWx ]cw {_ XXzw \mcmbWx ]cx
\mcmbWx ]cw tPymXncmm \mcmbWx ]cx
\mcmbWmx ]tcm[ymXm [ym\w \mcmbWmx ]cx
(\mcmbW ]caamb {_mhmIpp; ]caamb
XXzamIpp; ]caamb tPymXnmIpp; ]cammhm
Ipp. ]caamb [ymXmhpw [ym\hpw Fmw \mcmbW
Xs)
I K
N P
622
5. b InnXv PKXykvan ZriytX
{irbtX]n hm
A_ln XXv khw hym]y
\mcmbWx nXm
(Cu PKn Fsmw hkvXp ImWsSp
p; tIsSpp AsXmw AIpw ]pdpw
hym]np \mcmbW \nesImffpp.
A\yahybw Ihnw kapt{Zw hnizw`phw
]tImi{]XoImiw lrZbw
Nm]yt[mapJw.
(Aanmh\pw \mianmh\pw Ihnbpw
(kh) hniz iw`ph\pw (temIn\v kpJw
\Ipp) Bb \mcmbWs\ [ym\npI Xmacsamn\p
Xpeyamb lrZbhpw Xmtgmp apJapffXmbncnpp.
7. At[m\njvSym hnXkvXymt \m`ymap
]cnXnjvTXn
lrZbw XZv hnPm\obmZv hnizkymbX\w
alXv
(bmsXmv \njvTnbpsS Xmsg (IWvTIq]n\p
Xmsg) hnXkvXymn (cp{ZNmWns Ahkm\w)
\m`npapIfn \npp. Cu lrZbs hnizmm
hns almb BbX\ambn (m\w) a\nemWw
8. kXw Xp kncm`nkvXp ew_Xym
tImi kn`w
Xkymt kpjncw kqvaw Xkvan khw
{]XnjvTnXw
(BImiknZaman (Xmacsamn\p Xpeyamb
lrZbw) kncIfmb FmbnSpw hym]nv XqnnS
pp. AXns An\v kqvaamb kpjncapv.
AXns An\v kqvaamb kpjncapv . AXn
Fmw {]XnjvTnXambncnpp.
9. Xkyatyalm\n hnizmn
hniztXmapJx
tkm {K `pIvhn`P XnjvTmlmc
aPcx Ihnx
10. XncyKq[za[ximbo civ abkvXky kXm
km]bXn kzw tZlam]mZXe akvXIw
11. \oe tXmbZa[ym hnZyptJh`mkzcm
\ohmc iqI]\zo ]oXm`mkzXyWp]cam
(AXns a[yn hnizmnpw (FmbnSpw
Pzmebpff hniztXmapJambn A{K`pmbn (BZyw
`np) Blmcs hn`PnpXmbn nXnsNp
Xpw PcbnmXpw Ihnbpw (Fmadnbp) Bb
bmsXmcp almb An AXv kzamb tZls
B]mZNqVw NqSpffXmpp. AXns a[yn
AXyw kqvahpw ImtaLfpsS \Sphnepff
ansImSnt]mse tim`npXpw hcns\ns ap\
pt]mse Irihpw a\ndnepffXpw AWpXpey
hpw Bb hninJ nXnsNpp.
12. Xkymx inJmbm aty ]camm hyhnXx
k {_ kinhx (k lcnwx) tk{x
tkmcx ]caxkzcmSv
(B inJbpsS ayn ]cammhv \nesImffpp.
AXv {_amXpp. AXv inh\mIpp. AXv hnjvWphpw
C{\pamIpp. AXv \miclnXhpw DXv IrjvShpw kzbw
{]Imicq]hpamIpp.
A\phmIw ]Xnmev
1. BZntXym hm Gj Gaeew X]Xn,
X{X Xm EN kv XZrNmaWvUew, k ENmw
temtIm Y b Gj GXkvan ate n
o]ytX Xm\n kmam\n, k kmav\mw temtIm Y
b Gj GXkvan ate njn ]pcpjp
kvXm\n bPpwjn k bPpjm aew
k bPojmw
temIx sskjm {Xth hnZy X]Xn k
GtjmcZmtXy lncbx ]pcpjx
(Ch Xobmbpw BZnXy\mWv. Cu aWvUes
X]nnpp. AhnsS Ah EXpfmWv . Ah Ep
IfmWv. aeamIs EpIfpsS m\amWv. bmsXmcp
{]Imiw Cu aWvUen DPzenpp. Ah kma
fmIpp. AXv kmafpsS m\amWv . ]ns
bmsXmcph Cu aen Dff P]mebn Dtm
B ]pcpj bppIfmWv. AXv bPppsImpff
aeamWv . Ah bPppIfpsS m\amIpp. B
{XbohnZyXs {]IminXamIpp. BZnXys A`mK
pff ]pcpj lncb ]pcpj\t{X.
A\phmIw ]Xn\v
1. BZntXym ssh tXP HmtPm
_ew bipx
t{im{Xamm at\m a\ypa\p
arXyqx ktXym
ant{Xm hmbpcmImix {]mtWm temI]mex
IxInw Iw XXyaaartXm Pothm hnizx
IXax kzbw`q {_ssXZarX Gj ]pcpj
Gj `qXm\m[n]Xn {_Wx kmbpPyw
I K
N P
623
ktemIXmam]vt\mXyXmkmtah tZhXm\mw
kmbpPyw kmjvSnXmw kam\temIXm
am]vt\mXn
b Ghw thtZXyp]\njXv.
(BZnXy XsbmIpp, tXPv, HmPv, _ew,
in, biv, Npv , sNhn, icocw, a\v , tIm]w,
a\p, arXyp, kXyw, an{X, hmbp, BImiw, {]mW,
C{mZnIv]mem, {_mhv, A\nhN\obamb XXzw,
kpJw ]cakXyw, {]IrXntamw, Poh, temIw,
]caambkpJw, kzbw `qhmb {_w acWclnX\mb
]pcpj CtlamIs `qXfpsS A[n]XnbmWv.
bmsXmcm CXdnbpp, Ah {_mW\mIpp.k
Ah {_kmbpPyw {]m]npp. Cu tZhmcpsS
kmbqPys AXpt]mse kam\amb temIs
{]m]npp Fv D]\njv D]tZinpp.
2. LrWn kqcy BZntXymabn X]x kXyw
a[p cn, XZv {_XZm], Bt]m tPymXn
ctkmarXw {_ `q`phx kphtcma
(LrWn ({]ImiZmXmhv)e kqcy, BZnXy {]Wh
hmNyamb {_w Chsbmw Xs {_s An
pp. X]v, kXyw, a[p (D]mk\bpsS ew) \
Ipp. AXv {_amIpp. AXv Pew t]mse kh
hym]nbmWv . {]Imikzcq]amWv . ckkzcq]amWv. AarX
kzcq]amWv. {_amWv. `qtemIw, `phtemIw, kz
temIw Chsbmw Xs {]Whcq]amb {_amIpp.
A\phmIw ]Xn\mdv
1. \n[\]Xtb \ax \n[\XmnImb \ax
Du[zmb \ax Du[zenwKmb \ax
lncWymb \ax
lncWyenwKmb \ax Znhymb \ax
ZnhyenwKmb \ax`hmb
\ax `henwKmb \ax imb \ax i
enwKmb
\ax inhmb \ax inhenwKmb \ax
Pzmemb \ax
PzeenwKamb\ax Bmtb \ax B
enwKmtb \ax
]camtb \ax ]caenwKmb \ax
GXXv tkmaky
kqcyky kenwKw m]bXn ]mWn
a{w ]hn{Xw
(1. \n[]Xnv \akvImcw ({]fbkmn) 2. acW
Imhmb ba\v \akvImcw. 3. apIfn \nesImffp
inh\v \akv Imcw., 4. kZminhXXzn\v \akv Imcw.
5. kzh\mb inh\v \akv Imcw. 6. kz
\nnX inhenwKn\v \akvImcw. 7. \ Imnbpff
inh\v \akv Imcw. 8. Znhy\mb inhenwKn\v
\akv Imcw. 9. kzcq]nbmb inh\v \akv Imcw.
10. AeuInIenwKcq]nbmb inh\v \akvImcw. 11. awKf
Imc\mb inh\v \akv Imcw. 12. ih\v \akvImcw,.
14. kh\miI\mb inh\v \akv Imcw 15. awKfkzcq
]nbmb inh\v \akvImcw. 16. awKfmb eWw tN
tZh\v \akvImcw. 17. {]Imiam\\v \akvImcw. 18. tPym
XnenwK cq]nv \akv Imcw. 19. PKns Bmhmb
tZh\v \akvImcw. 20. Fm PohnIfpsSbpw lrZbn
Dsmffph\v \akv Imcw. 21.DXvIrjvS\mb inh\v
\akv Imcw. 22. tammIenwKcq]nv \akvImcw. Cu
a{fm DamklnXw Fmn\pw ImcW`qX\pamb
inhs ]cnip {]mWna{cq]\pamb enwKs
`m m]npp.
A\phmIw ]Xnt\gv
1. ktZymPmXIw {]]Zyan ktZym
PmXmb ssh \tam \ax
`th `th \mXn`th `hkz amw
`thmZv`hmb \ax
(ktZymPmXs\ Rm icWw {]m]npp. ktZym
PmX\v \akvImcw. hopw hopw Pn\v Fs
AbcptX. kwkmcs AXn{Ian tamnte
bvv Fs Abmepw. kwkmcns DZv`hm\amb
inh\v \akv Imcw.)
A\phmIw ]Xns\v
1. hmatZh\mb \tam tPyjvTmb \ax
t{ijvTmb \tam
cp{Zmb \ax Imemb \ax IehnIcWmb \tam
_ehnIcWmb \tam _emb \tam
_ep {]aY\mb
\ax k `qXZa\mb \tam at\m\mb \ax
(hmatZh\v \akvImcw. 2. Ghpw t{ijvT\mb
tZh\v \akv Imcw. 3. Ghpw t{ijv T\mb tZh\v
\akvImcw. 4. {]fbImev P\sf Icbnnp
tZh\v \akv Imcw. 5. Imecq]nbmb tZh\v \akv Imcw.
6. { ]IrXn bn amap mn op tZh\v
\akvImcw. 7. _en amapmnop tZh\v
\akvImcw. 8. inkzcq]\v \akv Imcw. 9. i{XpfpsS
in \in n p h\v \akv Imcw. 1 0. Fm
`qXfpsSbpw A[n]Xnbmb tZh\v \akvImcw 11. Pohn
IfpsS a\ns\ \nb{np tZh\v \akv Imcw.
I K
N P
624
A\phmIw ]sm]Xv
1. AtLmtct`ym Y tLmtct`ym
tLmctLmcXtc`yx
kXx iktt`ym
\akv tX AkvXp cp{Zcpt]`yx
imambnpffh\pw ]ns tLmcfmbhbpw
Ghpw tLmcXchpamb kIe cp{ZtfmSpw IqSnb
Atbvv tl, inh, kZminh, FmbnSpw \akv Im
cw `hns.
A\phmIw Ccp]Xv
1. XXv ]pcpjmb hnZvatl hmkptZhmb [oaln
Xtm cp{Zx {]tNmZtbXv
(XXv ]pcpjs\v (]cammhv ) {]kn\mb
]pcpjs\ R Adnbs. hmbptZhs\ R
[ym\npp. AXn\mbn cq{Z Rsf t{]cnns.
A\phmIw Ccp]smv
1. Cuim\x khnZym\maoizcx
k `qXm\mw
{_m[n]Xn{_tWmXn{_m
inthm ta AkvXp kZminthmav
(kIe hnZyIfpsSbpw \mY\pw kh`qXfp
sSbpw \nbmhpw thZns A[n]Xnbpw {_
ns A[ntZh\pw Bb ]cammhv F\nv awKf
Imcnbmbn im\mbn `hns. kZminh HmmchmNy
amb {_amIpp.
A\phmIw Ccp]ncv
1. \tam lncWymb _mlth lncWyhmb
lncWycq]mb lncWy]Xtbw _nIm]Xtb
Dam]Xtb ]ip]Xmb \ax
(kzm`cW`qjnXamb ssII tNh\pw
kz m\Lfmb thZmcv Dev ]n
m\hpw kzcq]\pw (1) kns \mY\pw
Aw_nIm\mY\pw Dam]Xnbpw kIe PohnIfpsSbpw
\mY\pw Bb kZminh\v \akv Imcw.
A\phmIw Ccp]naqv
1. EXw kXyw ]cw {_ ]pcpjw
IrjvW ]nwKfw
DuztcXw hncq]mw hnizcq]mb
ssh\tam \ax
(EXamb kXyhpw (AXy kXyw) ]camb {_hpw
IrjvWhtmSpw ]nwKfhtmSpw tNXpw
Du[ztcXpw (tcXns\ {_c{n [cnp
(hncq]m\pw ({Xnt\{X) ]pcpj\pw (]pcpjcq]w
tNh\pw hnizcq]\pamb tZh\v hopw hopw
\akvImcw.
A\phmIw Ccp]n\mev
1. ktm ssh cp{Zx Xkvssa cp{Zmb \tam
Akv Xp]pcptjm
ssh cp{Zx ktlm \tam \ax hnizw
`qXw `ph\w
Nn{Xw _lp[m PmXw Pmbam\w N
bXv ktm
tlyj cp{Zkv Xkvssa cp{Zmb \tam AkvXp
(kIeXpw cp{Z\mIpp. B cp{Z\v \akvImcw
`hns. Acymanbmb Bmhpw kmbnpffXpw
almtXPpw cp{Z\mWv. cp{Z\v \akv Imcw. {]]hpw
krjvSns Bmfpw ]e {]Imcn Dmbn
pffXpw DmbnsmncnpXpamb hnNn{Xamb
`ph\amsI cp{Z\mIpp. B cp{Z\v \akvImcw `hns.
A\phmIw Ccp]nbv
1. p{Zmb {]tNXtk aoUpjvSamb Xhytk
thmtNa iaw lrtZ ktmtlyj cp{Z
kvXkv ssa cp{Zmb \tam AkvXp
({]tNXpw (hninjvSm\bp) aoUnjvThpw
(B{ Kl km[n n p sImSp p ) Xhyp w
(AXninam)lrZ\pw (lrZbn XnsNp)
I{ZpZ\v (kv Xpl\mb cp{Z) iwXaamb (awKfIcw)
kv tXm{Xw R Km\w sNpp. CsXmw cp{Z\m
Ipp. B cp{Z\v \akvImcw `hns.
A\phmIw Ccp]nbmdv
1. bky sshIXyntlm{X lhWo `hn
{]Xnjv TnXmx {]tXyhmkymlpX
bkvXnjv Tn
AtYm {]XnjvTnssXy
(bmsXmcphs Antlm{XbmKn BPyw
tlmanp D]IcWw sshbXIv acw sImpmn
bXmtWm Ch BlpXnI {]tXyIw Xs {]XnjvTnX
fmbn XnsNpp. ]noSv {]XnjvTnXnv (Nn
ipn Zzmcm XXzm\w t\S) `hnpp.
I K
N P
625
A\phmIw Ccp]ntbgv
1. IrWpjzm ]mP CXn ]
IrWpjzm ]mP Fp XpSp Apa{
m\mP\nse hnLv\ ]cnlcnm\pw i{Xp
kwlmcn\pw ]nbhbmWv Fv kqN\ \Ipp.
A\phmIw Ccp]nsbv
1. AZnXntZhm Km a\pjymx ]oX
tcm kpcmkvtXjmw k`qXm\mw
amXm taZn
\o alXo alo kmhn{Xo Kmb{Xo PKXyp
o ]rYzn _lpem hnizm, `qXm IXam
Imbm km ktXyXyartXXn hknjvTx
(AZnXn (`qan) tZhm, Khm, a\pjym,
]n Xr, Akp cm, B kh`qXfp sSbpw
amXmhpw taZn\nbpambn almbn ]qP\obambn
khnXmhns\ kw_npXmbn kvXpXnp hsc
cnp hfmbn , Fmn \pw B{ ib`q X\mbn ,
[m\yfm karntNXmbn, hnimeambn [m\yk
arbmbn ]`qXmnIbmbn kpJkzcq]nWnbmbn,
`qXfpsS icocambn, \nesImffphfmbn, kXykz
cq]nWnbmbn, acWanmhfmbn Ah {]tim`np
pshv hknjvT ]dp.
A\phmIw Ccp]nsbm]Xv
1. Bt]m hm CSw kw hnizm`qXm\ym
]x {]mWm hm B]x ]ih Bt]m
amt]m arXam]x k{amUmt], hncmUm]x
kzcmUm]RvOmwkymt]m tPymXowjym
t]m bwjym]x kXyam]x km
tZhXm Bt]m `q`phx kzcm] Hmw
CsXmw shffw XsbmIpp. Fm `qXfpw
shffamWv. {]mWfpw shffamWv. arKfpw shff
amWv . Aw shffamWv, AarXw shffamWv. lncWy
K` shffamWv. {]]]pcpj PeamWv . AhymIr
Xamb Cuizc\pw shffamWv. Kmb{XymZn OpI
shffamWv . tPymXnpI shffamWv. kXyw shffam
Wv . khtZhXIfpw shffamWv . `qtemIw, `qhtemIw,
kztemIw, Cu aqp temIsf PeamWv. Hmmchm
Nyamb shffw XsbmWv kIeXpw.
A\phmIw apXv
1. Bx ]p\p ]rYznhow ]rYznhow ]qXm
]p\mXp amw
]p\p {_Wk]vXn {_]qXm
]p\mXpamw
kw ]p\p amamt]m kXmw N
bZpnjv Sat`mPyw bZzm ZpcnXw aa
{]Xn{Kmlx kzmlm
(Pew `q\nnXamb Cu tZls ipams.
ipoIcns tZlw Fs ipamIs. bmsXmcp
DnjvStam At`mPytam Fs Zpjv{]hrnsImpff
]m]tam ZpjvSmcn \nv Rm Zmlw kzoIcnnp
sn AsXmsbpw Pew Fs ipamno
s.
A\phmIw apnHv
1. An am a\yp a\yp]Xb
a\ypIrtX`yx
]mt]t`ym cmw bZm ]m]aImjw,
a\km
hmNm lkvXm`ymw ]Zv`ymapZtcW
iniv\m, Al
kvXZhepp, bXv InZpcnXw abn CZalw
amarXtbm\u ktXy tPymXnjn
Pptlman kzmlm
Anbpw a\yphpw a\p]XnIfmb tZhmcpw Fs
tIm]w sImv sNs ]m]fn \nv cnp
amdmIs. ]I a\psImv , hmpsImv, ssII
sImv, ImepIsImv , hbdpsImv, enwKw sImv,
bmsXmcp ]m]w sNbvtXm AXns\ Alc`nam\ntZhX
\inns. am{Xa FXn Fsmcp ]m]aptm
AsXmw Rm AarXImcWamb kXy{]Imin
tlmanpp. kzmlm
A\phmIw apncv
1. kqcy am a\yp a\yp]X
a\ypIrtX`yx
]mt]`ymw cmw b{Zm{Xnbm
]m]aImjwa\km
hmNm lkv Xm`ymw ]Zv `ymapZtcW iniv\m
cm{Xnkv XZhep
Xp bXv In ZpcnXw abn CZalw
amaarXtbm
\u kqtcym tPymXnjn Pptlman, kzmlm
(kqcy\pw a\yphpw a\yp]XnIfpw a\ypIrXfmb
]m]fn \nv Fs cns. cm{Xnbn Rm
Fp ]m]w sNbvtXm, a\psImtm enwKwsImtm
I K
N P
626
AsXmw cm{Xn \innpamdmIs. Rm Fsmw
]m]w sNbv Xnptm AsXms AarXtbm\nbmbn
kqcy\mb tPymXnn Rm tlmanpIbmWv. kzmlm
A\phmIw apnaqv
1. HmantXyImcw {_. AntZhXm {_
CXymjw. Kmb{Xw Ow ]cam kcq]w
kmbqPyw hn\ntbmKw
(Hmw F GImcw {_amIpp. AntZhXm
bmWv {_amWv . Ejn Kmb{Xn OmIpp. ]cam
mhv hnizamIp cq]tmSp IqSnbXmWv. Cuizc
\pambn GIo`mhw {]m]npIbmWv D]tbmKw.
A\phmIw apn\mev
1. BbmXp hcZm tZho Acw {_kwlnXw
Kmb{Xo Okmw amtXZw {_ Pqjkz \x
(hc Zm\w sNp tZhnbmb Kmb{Xn \mianm
Xpw thZkXhpw {_XXzw kzcq]nWnbpamWv.
AXv {_XXzw kzcq]nWnbpamWv. AXv {_XXzw
D]tZinpXn\mbn hcs. OpIfpsS amXmhmb
Kmb{Xn Cu {_XXzs Rv ]Tnnpamdm
Is.
2. bZmXv IpcptX ]m]w XZmXv
{]XnapNytX
b{Zm{XnbmXv IpcptX ]m]w X{Zm{XnbmXv
{]XnapNy
tX kht almtZhn kymhntZy
kckzXn
(kIe Acpw aqeambnpff {]Imikzcq
]nWn kyIfn AdnbsSphsf, kckzXn, ]I
kabv GsXmcp ]m]w sNpp AXv ]I Xs
\ins. cm{Xnbn bmsXmcp ]m]w sNsSpp AXv
cm{Xn Xs \inpamdmIs.
A\phmIw apnAv
1. HmtPmkn, ktlmkn, _eakn, {`tPmkn,
tZhm\mw [mam\makn, hnizakn
hnizmbpx k
akn kmbpc`n`qtcmw, Kmb{Xoamhm
lbman, kmhn
{Xoamhmlbman, kckzXoamhmlbman,
Ojo
\mhmlbman, {inbamhmlbman, Kmb{Xnbmx
Kmb{Xo Otm hnizman{X Ejox khnXm
tZhXm
napJw {_mintcm hnjv WplrZbx
cq{Zx in
]rYznho tbm\ox {]mWm]m\thymt\mZm
\kam\m
k{]mWm tizXhm kmJymb\k
tKmt{XmKmb{Xo
NXpnwiXycm {Xn ]ZmjSvIpnx]
iotjm
]\bt\ hn\ntbmKx
(Atbm Kmb{Xo, \o HmPmIpp, ss[cyamIp
p, _eamIpp, AtNX\ PKmIpp, hnizns
\ne\nev]mIpp, FmamIpp, kIecsSbpw Bbpm
Ipp, i{Xp\miIamIpp. Rm Kmb{Xnsb Bhmln
pp. kmhn{Xnsb Bhmlnpp. kckzXnsb
Bhmln pp. Op Ifp sSbp w Ejn Isfbp w
Bcm[npp. evansb Bhmlnpp. Kmb{XnbpsS
Ov Kmb{XnbmWv. hnizman{X\mWv Ejn. khnXm
hmWv tZhX. AnbmWv apJw; {_mhv incv, hnjvWp
lrZbw; cp{Z inJ; ]rYnhntbm\n; {]mW A]m\,
hym\, DZm\, kam\, F ]{mW,
{]mWhmbpfmWv, shfp \ndapffhbmWv , kmwJy
mv B{ibamb ]cammhns tlm{XamWv, Kmb
{Xnv Ccp]n\mev AcamWv. aqp ]mZfmWv,
AXv Bdp tImi tNXmWv ; Av incpff
XmW; D]\b\nemWv AXns D]tbmKw.
2. Hmw `qx Hmw `qhx Hmw kphx Hmw alx
Hmw P\x HmwX]x Hmw kXyw Hmw
XXv khnXq htcWyw `tmtZhky [oaln
[ntbm tbm \x {]tNmZbmXv Hmamt]m
tPymXn ctkm arXw {_ `q`phx kztcmw.
(Hmw `qtemIw, `phtemIw, kpIrXnI Xmakn
p kphtemIw, alXztadnb altemIw, Iev]m
cn ebnpt]mIp P\ ASp Iev]n
BZyw sNp Xt]mtemIw kXy\njvTmv B{i
bamb kXytemIw Chsb kw_np hymlrXn.
{]Imicq]amb khnXmhns htcWyamb (t{ijv Tw)
`w (tXPv ) R [ym\np bmsXmcphs
RfpsS _pnsb t{]cnns. ]rYnhnbnse Pew,
BZnXy\nse {]Imiw, ckw, AarXw, Fmw {_
amIpp. `qx `phx kphx Hmw aqp almhymlrXnIfpw
{_amIpp.
A\phmIw apnbmdv
1. Dta inJtc tZhn
{_mtWt`ym `y\pRvPmXm
K tZhn bYmkpJw
I K
N P
627
CXv {InbIfpsS Ahkm\n hnk\w
sNp kabv sNmp a{amWv. tZhnbmbKmb{Xn
{_mWmbn hopw hopw hcphm kXn
shfmbn DXvIrjvSamb sImSpapSnbn, `qanbn,
]hXincn, P\nhfmb tZhn bYmkpJw Kanm
epw.
2. kvXptXm am hcZm thZamXm
{]tNmZbo ]ht\ ZznPmXm
Bbpx ]rYnhymw {ZhnWw {_hkw
alyw ZXzm {]PmXpw {_temIw
(Fm kv XpXnshfpw hcw Zm\w sNp
hfpw thZP\\nbw hmbphns\tmse {]tNmZ\acpfp
hfpw cpep P\nhfpamb tZhn, `qanbn
F\nv Bbppw [\hpw thZ]T\w sImpff tXP
pw \ev In hninjvSamb {_lvatemIntev t]mbm
epw.
A\phmIw apn Ggv
1. LrWnx kqcy BZntXym \ {]`m
hmXycw a[p cn cp{Zkw kXyw
ssh X{Zkamt]m tPymXo ctkm arXw
{_ `q `phx kphtcmav
LrWn ({]ImiZmXm) kqcy (HmPp\Iph)
BZnXy {]fbLn hnizw XneSph,
Ac (\milo\) kzw {]`sbtmse kcn
pp. AXns Pew tX t]mse a[pcambn HgpIp
p. AXns ckw kXyw XsbmWv. Pew, {]Imiw,
ckkzcq]w, AarXkzcq]w Cs\bpffXmWv {_w
`qx `phx Hmw Cu aqphymlrXnIfpw HmmchmNyamb
{_w Xs.
A\phmIw apnsbv
{_tXp amw a[ptaXp amw {_tah
a[ptaXp amw bmkvtX tkma{]Pm
htm `n
tkm Alw Zpxkz]vt\l Zpcpjv jl
bmkv tX tkma {]mWmkv Xm Pptlman
({_w Fs {]m]ns. ]cam\w Fs {]m]n
s. {_w XsbmIp ]cam\w Fs {]m]n
s. tkma (DamklnX\mbn inh) bmsXmcp AbpsS
{]PI Ahsc kw_nv B Rm IpnbmIpp.
Zp kz ]v \sf \in n p tZhm, Zp x J
\innmepw tl tZhm, AbpsS bmsXmcp {]mW
Ahsb Rm Abn tlmanpp.
2. {Xnkp]abmNnXw {_mWmb ZZymXv
{_lXymw hm GtX Lv\n tb
{_mWm
kv{Xnkp]w ]Mvnw ]p\n Hmw
(bmNnmsX Xs {Xnkpha{w {_mW\v
Zm\w sNWw. Cu a{w P]nph {_lXym
]m]sqSn \innpp. GsXmcp {_mW {Xnkp
h a{w P]npp, Ah tkmabmKw sNbvX^ew
t\Spp. Bbncwhsc Pesfbpw ipoIcnpp.)
A\phmIw apnH]Xv
1. {_ ta[bm a[p ta[b, {_tah
a[p ta[bm
2. AZymt\m tZh khnXx
{]Pmhmhoxku`Kw
]cm Zpxjznbpw kph
({_w _pninsImv {]m]nsSpp. a[p
(]cam\w) ta[sImv {]m]nsSpp. khnXm hmb
tZh, Cv Rp ]p{Xu{XmZnItfmSp IqSnb
ku`mKyw Xmepw, Zpxkz]v\w \innmepw,
3. hnizm\n tZh khnXpZpcXm\n ]cmkph
bZv`{Zw X Bkph
(khnXrtZh Fm ZpcnXfpw \innpI,
bmsXmmtWm \aymbnpffXv AXns\ F\nv Xmepw.)
4. a[phmXm EXmbtX a[p cn knhx
am[zo\x ktzmj[ox
(]cakXyw {]m]nm\m{Klnph\v hmbp
B\IcfmIpp. \ZnI B\Icambn HgpIpp.
\apv Hmj[nI B\abfmbn `hns.)
5. \[p\aptXmjkn a[paXv]mnhw cPx
a[pZyuckvXp \ x ]nXm
(cm{Xnbnepw {]`mXnepw B\w `hns
`qanbnepff s]mSnbpw B\ZmbIamIs. ]nXmhmb
tZymhv \apv B\w \Is.)
6. a[pamtm h\kv]Xna[pam
AkvXp kqcyx
am[zoKmthm `hp \x
(hrw \apv B\Icambnocs. kqcy
B\Ic\mIs. tKm B\ZmbnIfmIs.
1. bmw ta[mw tZhKWmx ]nXm]mktX
Xbm amaZy ta[bmt ta[mhn\w
Ipcp kzmlm
I K
N P
628
(bmsXmcp _pnsb tZhmcpw ]nXrfpw D]kn
pp. AntZh Fs B _pntbmSp tNpI.
Fs _pnam\mpI.)
2. ta[mw ta hcpWm ZZmXp ta[manx
{]Pm]Xnx
ta[man{ hmbp ta[mw [mXm ZZmXp
ta kzmlm
hcpW\pw {]Pm]Xncq]\pamb Anbpw C{\pw
hmbphpw {_mhpw F\nv _pn\IpamdmIs.
kzml
3. Xzw t\m tat[ {]Yam tKm`nctiz`ncmKln
Xzw kqcyky civankv Xzw t\m Akn
bnbm
Atbm ta[tZhtX, BZyw Rv tKmfpw
IpXncIfpw DmIm\\p{KlnpI. kqcycivanIfm
Rp bmKw \Sm klmbIambnocpI.
4. ta[malw {]Yamw {_WzXow {_PpXm
arjv SpXmw
{]]oXmw {_Nmcn`ntZh\maht\ lpth
(BZyw {_n \nv Dmbhfpw {_m
hfshfpw aljnbm kv XpXbpw khhym
]n\nbpw Bb ta[mtZhnsb Rm Blzm\w sNpp.
{_NmcnIfmb tZhImcy \nhlWn\v Rm
i\mIs.
5. bmw ta[mar`thm hnZpcymwmw
ta[makqcm hnZpx
Ejtbm `{Zmw ta[mw bmw hnZpkvXmw am
thihnt\m hnZpx
(EXp, tZhm, Akpcm, EjnI Ch
A\p`hnp _pnin Fn BthinnpI.)
6. bmarjtbm `qXIrtXm ta[mw
ta[mhnt\m hnZpx
Xbm amaZy ta[bmt ta[mhn\pw IrWp
(`qXsf \nnphcpw _pnammcpamb
ap\nam bmsXmcp ta[mtZhnsb Adnbpp, An tZh,
B _pn Fn BthinnpI Fs _pnam\m
pI.)
7. ta[mw kmbw ta[mw {]mXt[mw
am[yn\w ]cn
ta[mw kqcyky civan`n
hNkmthibm atl
kmbw Imenepw {]`mXnepw Dbvpw B
ta[ Fnepmhs. kqcyciv anIfm Rv
AXn\v inbpmIs.
A\phmIw \mev]Xv
1. {_ta[hm a[pta[hm {_tha[p ta[hm
{_w _pninbm {]m]nsSpp. ]ca
amb B\w _pninsImv e`npp. {_w
XsbmWv a[p (]cam\w) AXv _pninsImv
{]m]nsSpp.
2. {_m tZhm\mw ]Zhox Iho\marjn
hn{]mWmw alntjm arKmWmw tiyt\m
Kr{[mWmw kz[nXn h\m\mw tkmaw
]hn{XatXyXntc`w
tZhmcpsS ayn {_hpw IhnIfpsS
a[yn ]ZhmIy{]amW\pw _pnammcpsS
a[yn Ejnbpw arKfpsS ayn t]mpw
IgpImcpsS ayn ]cppw Bbp[fpsS
a[yn ]ciphpw bmKfpsS ayn tkmabm
Khpw ]cnipambn i_vZnpXmbn kIeXns\bpw
AXnibnpp.
3. lwkxipNnjZzkpccnkZvtlmXm
thZnjXYnZptcmWkXv \rjkZv hc
kZrXkXvthymakZ_vPm tKmPm EXPm
A{ZnPm EXw _rlXv
Ah BImin {]tim`np kqcy\pw,
Acon Ignbphmbp hp w, `q an bnepff
Anbpw, IpSfnepff tkmackhpw a\pjycn
IpSnsImffph\pw, tZhmcn hnph\pw,
bmKfn tNh\pw BImin Dffh\pw
shffn P\nh\pw, `qanbn ]ndh\pw bmK
n \nv DZv `qXambh\pw ]hXfn P\nh\pw
kXyhpw alpamIpp.
4. EtN Xzmw cptN Xzm kanXv {khn
kcntXm \ t[\mx AnlrZm a\km
]qbam\mx LrXky [mcmw A`nNmIioan
EtKzZmZnIfpsS m\n\v Asb EtKzZ
cq]nbmbn kev]nv NaXIsf Rm Anbn tlman
pp. lrZbns A`mKp \nv a\km tlman
s ipoIcn s\ns [mcI henb \ZnIsf
sse HgpIpp. F\nv m\w sImv {]Imin
m Ignbs.
I K
N P
629
5. lncWytbm thXtkm a[y Bkmw
Xkvan kp]tm a[pIrXv
Ipembo `PmkvtX
a[ptZhXm`yx XkymktX
lcbx k]v XXotc
kz[mw Zplm\m AarXky [mcmw
B Blh\obmK\nbn Cu LrX[mcIfpsS
a[yn {]Imiam\\pw [\hm\pw I^eZmXmhpw
a\pjy lrZbamIp IqSpIfn Ignbph\pamb
{Xnkpha{fm kv XpXnsSp ]cammhv
tZhXIv a[p (AarXv ) hn`Pnp sImv \nesImffp
p . Ahs kao]w AarX[mcsb lhn mbn
tlmanphcpw ]m]lmcnIfpamb Ggpap\nI
\nesImffpp.
6. b CZw {Xnkp]abmNnXw {_mWmb
ZZymXv hoclXymw hm GtXLv\n tb
{_mWmkv{Xnkp]w ]mn tX tkmaw
{]m]v \phn Bkl{kmXv ]Mvnw
]p\n Hmw
bmNnmsX Xs {XnkphWa{w {_mW\v
Zm\w sNWw. Cu a{w P]nph {_lXym]m]
s IqSn XcWw sNpp. CXv sNmp {_mWv
tkmabmKw sNbvXXns ^ew e`npp. Hcp ]wn
bn Bbncwt]sc Ah ipoIcnpp. a{tZh
Xsb kXytmSv Ah sFIyw {]m]npp.
A\phmIw \mev ]n Hv
1. ta[mtZho PpjamtWm BKmZv
hnizmNo `{Zm kpa\kyam\m
Xzbm PpjvSm PpjamWm Zpc
_rlZztZl hnZt[ kphocmx
kIeXpw Adnbphfpw awKfkzcq]bpw Da
a\pffhfpw tkhnphcn {]kbpamb ta[m
tZhn RfpsS ASpp hcs. hcpXn\p apv
Zpjv ShmpI D]tbmKnncp R \nm
A\p{KloXcmbn. m\w t\Sn hocmcmb km\
tfmSpw injymtcmSpw IqSn ]ca kXys ]dbp-
amdmIWw.
2. Xzbm PpjvS Ejn`hXn tZhn
Xzbm {_mKX{iocpX Xzbm
Xzbm PpjvSn{Xw hntX hkp
km t\m Ppjkz {ZhntW\ tat[
tl ta[mtZhn, AhnSps A\p{Klw knnh
aljnbmbnocpp. AhnSps A\p{Klw t\Sn
bh {_mW\mbn `hnpp. `hXnbm A\pKrlo
X sFizcykq\mIpp. `hXnbm A\pKrlo
X ]ehn[nepff [\w t\Spp. AhnSpv Rsf
[\wsImv A\p{KlnpamdmIWta.
A\phmIw \mev ]ncv
1. ta[mw a Ct{m ZZmXp ta[mw tZho kckzXo
ta[mx a Aizn\mhp`mhm[mw ]pjvIc {kPu
C{ F\nv _pnin \IpamdmIs.
tZhnbmb kckzXn ta[( _pnin) \Is. Xmac
ameI AWn cv Aizn\o tZhmcpw F\nv
_pnhnImkw \Is.
2. A]vkcmkp N bm ta[m
Ktjp N b\x
ssZho ta[m kckzXo amw ta[m
kpc`nPpjXmw kzmlm
A]vkcpIfn bmsXmcp _pninbptm,
Khmcnepw bmsXmcp Nnminbptm thZm[n
jvTnXamb kckzXnbmb ta[ (_pnin) bmsXmm
tWm B ta[ kuc`y]qambn Fs A\p{Klnp
amdmIs. kzmlm
\mev]ncmw A\phmIw Ignp.
A\phmIw \mev ]naqv
1. B amw ta[m kpc`nnizcq]m
lncWyhm PKXo PKaym
DukzXo ]bkm ]n\zam\m
kmw amw ta[m kp{]XoIm PpjXmw.
bmsXmcp ta[bmIp tZhn kuc`y]qabpw
khcq]fpw tNhfpw kz htmSp
IqSnbhfpw temInemsI hym]nhfpw ]mepsImv
t]mjnnsSphfpw BWv , Bta[ ktmj
]qhw Fs A\p{KlnpamdmIs,
\mev]naqmw A\phmIw Ignp.
A\phmIw \mev]n\mev
1. abn ta[mw abn {]Pmw ankvtXtPm
Z[mXp
abn ta[mw abn {]Pmw abo{
C{nbw Z[mXp
abn ta[mw abn {]Pmw abn kqtcym
{`mtPm Z[mXp.
I K
N P
630
AntZh Fn ta[sbmw kXv kXn
sbbpw, thZ]T\mepff tXPns\bpw \Ipamdm
Is, C{ Fn _pninsbbpw Dankm
\sfbpw \Is. Fn kqcy _pninbpw
]p{Xkpw i{Xpv `bw \Im t]m
HmPns\bpw hnns.
\mev]n\memw A\phmIw Ignp.
A\phmIw \mev ]nbv
1. Ass]Xp arXypcarXw \ BK
sshhkztXm t\m A`bw IrtWmXp
]w h\kv]tXcnhm`n \x iobXmw
cbnx kNXmw \x iNo]Xnx
acWw Zqsc t]mIm\nShcs. acWanm Ah
Rv DmIpamdmIs. kqcy]p{X\mb ba
\apv A`bacpfs. \psS ]m] hrnse
CeIsft]mse Nppw hoWp\inpamdmIs. iNo
]Xnbmb C{ Rv [\w ham\amnsNs.
\mev]nbmw A\phmIw Ignp.
A\phmIw \mev]nbmdv
1. ]cw artXym A\p]tcln ]mw
bkvtX kz CXtcm tZhbm\mXv
Npjv atX irWztX tX {_hoan
am \x {]Pmw cocotjm tamX hocm.
Atbm arXytZh tZhbm\n \nv apff
AbpsS bmsXmcp ]mhptm. A\yamb B ]m
hneqsS (amw) aSntmbmepw, ImWphm Ignbp
h\pw, tIphm Ignbph\pw Bb AtbmSv
Rm ]dbpp. RfpsS {]PIsf \innm CSbm
IcpXv. hocmcmbhscbpw \innm CSsImSpcpXv.
\mev]nbmdmw A\phmIw Ignp
A\phmIw \mev]ntbgv
1. hmXw {]mWw a\kzm\zc`matl
{]Pm]Xnw tbm `ph\ky tKm]mx
k t\m artXymkv{XmbXmw ]mXzwltkm
tPymKvPohm Pcmaioaln.
bmsXmcp {]Pm]Xn `ph\ns tKm](c)
BWv As\bpff hmXns\mw {]hnp
sImncnph\pw {]mWs\tmse BcnIambn
\nesImffph\pamb {]Pm]Xn (Cuizc) tbmSv
R \nccw {]mnpp. Atlw Rsf
acWn \nv cnpamdmIs. DPzeamb PohnXw
\bnpsImv Rv hmIyImehpw A\p`hnm
\nShcs. \mev]ntbgmw A\phmIw Ignp.
A\phmIw \mev]nsbv
1. Aap{X`qbmZY bZyaky
_rlkv]tX A`nikvtXcapx
{]XyulXmaizn\m arXypakva
tZhm\mat `njPm iNo`nx
Atbm _rlkv ]Xn. (]cammhv ) ba\nev
\npff `bn \npw A`nikvXn (A]hmZw) bn
\npw ]ns ]ctemIbm{Xbn \npw Rsf
tamNnnmepw. tl At tZhmcpsS sshZymcmb
Aizn\o tZhI Rfn \nv Ia inbm
acWs amn \ns.
\mev]nsbmw A\phmIw Ignp.
A\phmIw \mev]nsbmXv
1. lcnw lcw bn tZhm hniztkyim\w
hrj`waXo\mw
{_kcq]a\ptaZamKmZb\w am hnh[o
n{Iakz
temIns \mY\pw _pnammcnev {]apJ\pw
`mcpsS ]m]w A]lcnph\pw Bb lcnsb
tZhm A\pKanpp ({_Xpeyw) Cu Ab\s
(amw) F\nv A\pKanphm km[npamdmIs.
\inncptX. AXn\v Fs klmbnmepw.
\mev]smXmw A\phmIw Ignp.
A\phmIw AXv
1. ievssIcnanm\ D`u temIu kt\alw
D`tbmtemItbm E[zmXn arXypw
Xcmaylw.
ievsfsmv (hndIv ) Ansb Cm\\mbn
(Pzennph) Rm cp temIsfbpw {]m]n
pp. cp temIfpsS En (karn) sImv Rm
arXyphns\ AXn{Ianpp.
AXw A\phmIw Ignp.
A\phmIw Ansbmv
1. am OntZm artXym am h[om ta _ew
hnhrtlm am {]tamjox
{]Pmw amta cocnj Bbpcp{K
\rNm hnt[a.
I K
N P
631
D{K\mb artXym(acWta) apdncptX; h[ncptX,
Fs _ew \inncptX, FSpv \jvSamcptX,
Fs km\sfbpw Bbpns\bpw D]{ZhncpXv.
ZrNmb (a\pjysc Fpw t\mnmWpp.)
Asb lhnpsImv R tkhns.
Asmmw A\phmIw Ignp.
A\phmIw Ancv
1. am t\m alapX am t\m A`Iw
am \ DapX am \ DnXw
am t\m h[ow ]nXcw tamX amXcw
{]nbm am \kvX\pthm cp{Z cocnjx
Atbm cp{Z, RfpsS alm\mbhs\ h[ncpXv,
am{Xa RfpsS A`Is\ (Ipn) h[ncpXv .
Rfnepff Ds\ (bphmhv) h[ncpXv. RfpsS
DnXs\ (K`inip) h[ncpXv . RfpsS
]nXmhns\ h[ncpXv . amXmhns\bpw h[ncpXv .
RfpsS {]nbs X\phsfbpw (icocw) \inn
cpXv .
Ancmw A\phmIw Ignp.
A\phmIw Anaqv.
1. am \kvtXmI X\tb am \ Bbpjn
am t\m tKmjp am t\m Atizjp cocnjx
hocm am t\m cp{Z `mantXm h[o
lhnjvStm \akm hnt[a tX.
Atbm cp{Z, RfpsS imIfn(a)
X\bmcn (afpsS a) \miw sNcpXv. Bbp
nepw AcpXv. RfpsS tKmfn, IpXncIfn,
\miw sNmXncnpI, `manX\mbn (tIm]nh)
RfpS hocmsc h[ncptX, Atbv v lhnv
Anphcmbn \akv Icnmw.
Anaqmw A\phmIw Ignp.
A\phmIw An\mev
1. {]Pm]tX \ XztZXm\yt\ym hnizm
PmXm\n ]cn Xm _`qh
bXv ImamkvtX PqlpakvXtm AkvXp
hbw kyma ]Xtbm cboWmw.
Atbm {]Pm]tX, CmWp P\n Fm ]Zm
fpw Abn \nv A\yf. Ah ]cm`hw
{]m]np. bmsXmcpImatmSp IqSntbm (B{Klw)
Atbv v R tlmaw sNp AXv Rv
`hntW. R cbnIfpsS (kv) ]XnIfmbn `hn
pamdmItW.
An\memw A\phmIw Ignp.
A\phmIw Anbv
1. kzkv XnZm hnikv]XnhrXlm
hnart[m hio
hrtj{x ]pc GXp \x kzkvXnZm A`bcx
kzkvXn`mcw (awKfZmbI) hnikv]Xnbpw (P\c
I) hrXlmbpw (hrXs\ sImh) hnar[fn
(bpw) hinbpw (Pzenph) hrjmhpw (hjw
Xcph A`bIc\pw (A`bw \Iph Bb
C{ RfpsS apn hcpamdmIs.
Anbmw A\phmIw Ignp.
A\phmIw Amdv
1. {Xyw_Iw bPmatl kpKnw
]pjv Snh\w
DmcpIanh _\mrtXym
apob amarXmXv
kpKapffh\pw ]rjv Snh\w Bb {Xyw_I
\mb (ap) inh R bPnpp. _\
n \nv shffcnsbt]mse arXyphn \nv
R ap\mbnocs. AarXn \nv (tamw)
apcmIm\nShccpXv .
Amdmw A\phmIw Ignp.
A\phmIw Antbgv
1. tb tX kl{kabpXw ]mim
artXym aymb lth.
Xm bky ambbm
km\hbPmatl.
arXyp tZth, aysc l\nph\mbn At
bv v bmsXmcp Bbnctam, ]Xn\mbnctam ]mi
Dtm Ahsbmw bns ambbm R
\inn p p . (bw kwkv mcnI Zp xJ
AIem\pw tamnap]Icnpp.)
Antbgmw A\phmIw Ignp.
A\phmIw Ansbv
1. arXypth kzmlm, arXypth kzmlm
arXyphn\mbn CXv kanpp; arXyphnmbn
CXv kanpp. Ansbmw A\phmIw Ignp.
I K
N P
632
A\phmIw AnsbmXv
1. tZhIrXssky\tkm hbP\akn
kzmlm. a\pjyIrXssky\tkm hbP\
akn kzmlm. BmIrXssky\tkm hbP
\akn kzmlm.BIrXssky\tkm hb
P\akn kzmlm. A\yIrXssky\tkm h
bPa\kn kzmlm. Akv aXv IrXssky
\tkm hbP\akn kzmlm. bnhm N
\w ssN\Ira Xky AhbP\akn
kzmlm. bXv kz] Pm{KXss\
Ira XkymhbP\akn kzmlm bXv
kpjp]v X Pm{KXss\Ira
Xkymhb
P\akn kzmlm. bZv hnZzmwkm
hnZzmwkss\Ira XkymhbP\akn
kzmlm. G\k G\tkm hbP\akn
kzmlm.
tZhmsc DtZinv sNbvXnpff Ifnepm
bnpff ]m]ns Ahb P\amWv (\mi) BWv
Av , a\pjysc Dtinv sNbvXnpffXv, ]nXrsf
Dtinpw sNbvXXv. A\ypthn sNbvXv R
pthn sNbvXXv. Cu Ifnepff G\ns
(]m]w) AhbP\amIpp. (hn\miI) Av ]Iepw
cm{Xnbnepw bmsXmcp G\v (]m]w) R sNbvXpthm
AXns hn\miI\pamWv. Ddptmgpw DWncn
ptmgpw bmsXmcp]m]w R sNbv Xnptm,
Adnhpffhcmbnpw (AdnpsImtm) Adnhnm
hcmbnpw (AdnbmsXtbm) GtXsXmw ]m]w sNbvXn
ptm AsXmw \innphm\mWv Av. At
bv v kzmlm.
(]cammhns\ An kzcq]\mbn Iev]nv bmKm
nbn s\v tlmanphm sNmt a{fmWv .)
A\phmIw Adp]Xv
1. bZvthm tZhmIra Pnlzbm Kpcp
a\tkm hm {]bpXn tZhtlU\w
Acmthm tbm t\m A`n ZpivOp\mbtX
Xkvan XtZt\m hkthm \nt[X\ kzmlm.
Atbm tZhmsc, Atbm hkpsf PnlzsIm
tm (\mv ) a\v sImtm {]bpXn ({]hrn)
sImtm \nv bmsXmcp tZhtlU\w (tZhmcpsS
t\pff Aham\w) sNbv Xnptm bmsXmcm
RfpsS t\v i{Xp`mhn D]{Zhw sNpp,
Ah\n \nv B ]m]s amnbmepw,
Adp]Xmw A\phmIw Ignp.
A\phmIw Adp]n Hv
1. Imtam Imjotam \ax Imtam Im
joXv, Imax ItcmXn \mlw Imtam Im
Im \mlw Im, Imax
ImcbnXm \mlw
ImcbnXm, Gj tX ImaImamb kzmlm.
ImaamWv sNbv Xv. \akv Imcw, kakv Imcw kIe
tZhmpw \akvImcw. Ima sNpp. Rm sNp
n. Ima\mWv Imhv. Ima\mWv sNnph.
Rm sNnp\h. ImaIma\mb (kpckzcq])
Atbvv CXm BlpXn kanpp.
Adp]nsbmmw A\phImw Ignp.
A\phmIw Adp]ncv
1. a\yqcImjotam \ax a\yqcImjoXv
a\ypx ItcmXn \mlw Itcman, a\yqx Im
\mlw Im,a\yqx ImcbnXm \mlw Imc
bnXm, Gj tX at\ym a\yth kzmlm.
a\yq (tIm]w) BWv sNbv XXv. \akv Imcw. \a
kvImcw, tIm]w sNpp; Rm sNpn. tIm]amWv
Imhv; Rm Imh tIm]amWv sNnpXv.
Rm\. Atbm tIm]ta, \n\p Rm BlpXn
kanpp.
Adp]ncmw A\phmIw Ignp.
A\phmIw Adp]naqv
1. Xnem Pqtlman kckm k]njvSm
Kmc aaNnt cap kzmlm.
2. Kmthm lncWyw [\a]m\w
ktjmw {inbw kzmlm
3. {inbw N evanw N ]pjvSnwN Ionw
Nm\rWyXmw. _mWyw _lp]n{XXmw.
{imtat[{]Pmx k ZZmXp kzmlm.
Atbm Kmmc (DaKpW XnI ]cam
mth) kckfpw (ckapff) khnjvSfpw (Ac)
Bb XneIsf (Fffv ) Rm tlmanpp. AbpsS
KpW Fs a\n tim`ns. tKm
lncWyw (kzw) [\w A]m\ev ansbbpw
]rjvSnsbbpw Ionsbbpw A\rWyXsbbpw (ISan
I K
N P
633
m Ah) {_tXPns\bp _lp ]p{XXzs
bpw {isbbpw ta[sbbpw {]PIsfbpw (km\w)
A{Zlw (B ]c{_w) \IpamdmIs.
Adp]naqmw A\phmIw Ignp.
A\phmIw Adp]n\mev
1. Xnemx IrjvWmkv Xnemx
tizXmkvXnemx tkymaym
him\pKmx Xnemx ]p\p ta ]m]w bXv
InnXv ZpcnXw abn kzmlm
Xne (Idp Fffv), shfp Fffv, tkma
fmb Xne(BtcmKyIcamb Fffv), him\pK
fmb Xne (Fs hinepff) Fs ]m]s
bpw Fn GXnepw ]m]apsn AXns\bpw
Fn Fsnepw ZpcnXapsn AXns\bpw
Fn Fsnepw ZpcnXapsn AXns\bpw
ipoIcns. (CXv Fffv tlmanptm sNmm\pff
a{amWv )
2. tNmckym\w \h{imw {_lm
KpcpXev ]Kx
tKmkvtXbw kpcm]m\w {`qWlXym
Xnemimnw
iabp kzmlm.
tNmcs (tamjvSmhv) `Ww IgnXp sImpmb
]m]w, ASp Ln acn hynbpsS {imn,
`Ww IgnXp sImpmb ]m]w {_lXy aqew
Dmb ]m]w, Kpcphns `mcysb {]m]nXp sImp
mb ]m]w, tKmsf tamjvSnXp sImpmb ]m]w,
aZyw IgnXpsImpmb ]m]w, {`qWlXy (K`
iniphns\ sImXnepff ]m]w) Chbv smw Cu
XneI (Fv) imnbpmpamdmIs.
3. {io evao ]pjvSn Ionw
Nm\rWyXmw
{_Wyw _lp]p{XXmw. {imta[
{]m Xp
PmXthZx kwZZmXp kzmlm.
{iosbbpw evansbbpw, ]pjvSnsbbpw, Ionsb
bpw, EWapmhsbbpw, {_mWysbpw, _lp
]p{XXsbbpw, {iXsbbpw _pnsbbpwPmXthZv
(AntZh) \IpamdmIs.
Adp]n\memw A\phmIw Ignp.
A\phmIw Adp]nbv
1. {]mWm]m\hymt\mZm\kam\m ta ip[yw
tPymXnclw hncPm hn]m]vam `qbmkw kzmlm
{]mW, A]m\, hym\, DZm\, ka\, Ch
AWp {]mWfpw, Fs kw_nnStmfw ip
fmbnocs. ]cam henjbIamb {]Imiw Fn
DmIpamdmIs.
2. hmMva\px t{im{XPnlzm{LmWtctXm
_pymIqXnx kev]m ta ipymw
tPymXnclw
hncPm hn]m]vam `qbmkw kzmlm
hmv, a\v , Npv , t{im{Xw, Pnlz, {LmWw,
tXPv, _pn, BIqXn, (Nn), kev]w Chsbmw
]cnipfmbnocs. Rm ctPmKpWw Cmh
\mbn ]m]w Cmh\mbn `hnpamdmIs.
3. XzIvNmamwkcp[nctatZm amkv\mbthm
o\n ta ip[ymw tPymXnclw hncPm
hn]m]vam`qbmkw. kzmlm.
Fs sXmen, tXmev, amwkw, cw, ta[v , a,
sRcpI, AnI Fmw ipambnocs. Rm
ctPmKpWhpw ]m]hpw Cmh\mbn Cuizckmm
Xvmcw {]m]npamdmIs.
4. incx ]mWn]mZ]mizrjvtTmcqZcPwLm
iniv t\]]mbthm ta iq[ymw tPmXn
alw hncPm hn]m]vam `qbmkw kzmlm
Fs incv, ]mWnI, ]mZ, ]miz,
]rjvT`mKw, Ducp (XpS), PwL (IWm) iniv \w,
D]cw, aeZzmcw Chsbmw ipfmbnocs.
Rm ctPmKpWhpw ]m]hpw Cmh\mbn ]cam
kzcq]amIs.
5. DnjvT ]pcpj lcnX ]nwKf temlnXm
tZln tZln ZZm]bnXm ta ip[ymw tPymXn
clw hncPmhn]m]vam `qbmkw kzmlm
lcnX \ndhpw (]) ]nwKf\ndhpw (a) Dffh
\pw, temlnXm\pambiv (NphIpff) ]pcpj
Fgptmepw. F\nv hnipn \ItW. F\nv
m\ ZmXmhmbn XotW.
Adp]nbmw A\phmIw Ignp
A\phmIw Adp]n Bdv
1. ]rYnhy]vtXtPm hmbpcmImim ta ip[ymw
tPymXnclw hncPm hn]m]vam `qbmkw kzmlm
I K
N P
634
Fs icocn\v tlXp`qXfmb ]rYnhn,
ApI, tXPv , hmbp, BImiw, Fnh ]cnip
fmIs. Rm ctPmKpWhpw ]m]hpw \inv Cuizc
\pambn sFIyw {]m]npamdmIs.
2. i_vZ kv]icq]kKm ta iq[ymw
tPymXnclw hncPm hn]m]vam
`qbmkcw kzmlm
Fs icocn\v tlXp`qXfmb ]`qXfpw
i_v Zw, kv]iw, cq]w, Kw Fnhbpw ]cnipfpw
i_v Zw, kv]iw, cq]w, Kw, Fnhbpw, ]cnipfm
Is Rm ctPmKpWhpw ]m]hpw \inh\mbn`hnp
amdmIs.
3. at\mhmmbImWn ta ip[ymw
tPymXnclw hncPm hn]m]vam `qbmkw kzmlm
Fs a\v , hmv icocw Ch sImp sNbvXnpff
Isfmw ipambnocs. Rm ]c{_hpambn
GIo`hnm\nShcs.
4. Ahy`msshclmsscx
PyXnclw hncPm hn]m]vam `qbmkw kzmlm.
`Khms\, AbpsS Ir]bm hyamI
`mhtfmSpIqSn AlmcmZnIfn \nv hnap\mbn
ctPmKpWhpw ]m]hpw \inv Rm ]cammhpambn
sFIyw {]m]ns.
5. Bm ta ip[ymw
tPymXnclw hncPm hn]m]vam `qbkw kzmlm
Fs Bmhv ipambnocs. Rm tPymXn
mWv. ctPmKpWclnX\pw ]m]clnX\pambn Rm
Xocphm\nShcs.
6. Acmm ta ip[ymw
tPymXnclw hncPm hn]m]vam `qbmkw kzmlm
Fs ]cammhv ipoIrXambnocs cmtPmKp
Whpw ]m]hpw \inv Rm tPymXnx kzcq]\mb
]cammhn hnebw sImffpamdmIs.
8. pt[ kzmlm. pXv]n]mkmb kzmlm
hnhnssy kzmlm. Kzn[m\mb kzmlm
ItjmXvImb kzmlm. (Hmw kzmlm.)
hnins A[jv Tm\tZhXbpkzml. hnin
sbpw Zmlntbpw A[njvTm\ tZhXIv kzmlm
khhym]nbmb ]cammhn\v kzmlm. EpIsf
hn[m\m sNbvXnpff tZhXbvv kzmlm. krjv Sns
hbpsS kwcWn XXv ]c\mb tZhXbvv kzmlm.
9. pXv ]n]mkmaew tPyjv Tmaev ao
\mibmaylw
A{`pXnakrnw N kmnpZ ta
]m]v am\w kzmlm
hnipw ZmlhpamIp aesbpw tPyjvT F
t]cn AdnbsSp Aevansbbpw A`qXnsbbpw
(sFizcyanmbv a) Akarnsbbpw Fmw \innp
p. Fs ]m]s \innmepw
10. Aab {]mWabat\mab hnm\ab
am\abamm ta ip[ymw tPymXnclw
hncPm hn]m]vamam `qbmkw kzmlm
Aabw, {]mWabw, at\mabw, hnm\abw,
B\abw F Ap tImitfmSp IqSnb Fs
ipambn Rm sFIyw {]m]npamdmIs.
A\phmIw Adp]ntbgv
1. Attb kzmlm. hntizt`ym tZhth`yx
kzmlm. {[phmb `qamb kzmlm, {[ph
nXtb kzmlm. ANypXnXtb kzmlm,
Atb kzjvSIrtX kzmlm. [mb
kzmlm, A[mb kzmlm. AZv`yx
kzmlm, Hmj[nh\kv]Xn`yx kzmlm.
ctmtZhZt\`yx kzmlm. Ahkm\
]Xn`yx kzmlm. k`qtX`yx kzmlm.
Imamb kmlm. Acnmb kzmlm.
btZPXn PKXn Acnmb kzmlm.
`tKmbw \mav t\ kzmlm. ]rYnsshy
kzmlm. Acnmb kzmlm. Znth
kzmlm. kqcymb kzmlm. N{atk
kzmlm. \t{X`yx kzmlm. C{matk
kzmlm. {_lkv ]Xtb kzmlm. {]Pm]Xtb
kzmlm. {_tW kzmlm.kz[m ]nXr`yx
kzmlm. \tam cp{Zmb ]ip]Xtb kzmlm.
tZth`yx kzmlm. ]nXr`yx kz[mkvXp `qtX
t`ym \ax a\ptjyt`ym lm. {]Pm]Xtb
kzmlm. ]ctajvTnt\ kzmlm.
1 . An , 2. hn iz tZhm, 3. imiz Xamb
{[ph\{Xw, 4. alqamhv , 5. {[phm\w, 6.
\miclnXamb `qan, 7. BPykanXamb An, 8.
[w, 9. A[w, 10 Pew, 11. Hmj[nI, hr,
12. cpI tZhm, 13. KrlINmcnI, 14.
I K
N P
635
Krl]cn[nbnepff tZhm, 15. B tZhmcpsS
\mbIm, 16. kh`qX, 17. Ima, 18. Acow,
19. temII\maw, 20. ]rYnhn, 21. Acow.
22. BImiw, 23. kqcy, 24. N{, 25. \{X,
26. E, 27. C{, 28. _rlkv]Xn, 29. {]Pm]Xn,
30. {_mhv , 31. ]nXr, 32. ]ip]Xnbmbcp{Z,
33. tZhm, 34. ]nXr, 35. `qX, 36. a\pjy,
37. {]Pm]Xn, 38. ]ctajv Tn Chsmw {]XyIw
kzmlm Fp sNmn s\v tlmanpI.
2. bYm Iq]x iX[mcx kl{k[mtcm AnXx
Ghm ta AkvXp [m\yw kl{k[mc anXw
[\[mss\y kzmlm.
\qdpw [mcItfmSpIqSnbXpw Bbncw [mcItfmSp
IqSnbXpw, bnmXpamb InWdv F{]Imcw,
A{]Imcw F\nv Bbncw [mcItfmSpIqSnbXpw A
Xhpamb cm\yw `hns. [\[m\ntZhXv kzmlm.
3. tb `qXmx {]Ncn Znhm\w
_enantm hnXpZky t{]ymx
tXt`ym _enw ]pjvSnImtam lcman
abn ]pjvSnw ]pjvSn]XnZ[mXpw kzmlm.
hnXpZs (in \Ip cp{Z) t{]ym
(`rXym) _ensb B{Klnphcmbn cmhpw ]Iepw
kcnpp. Ahp ]pjvSnsb B{Klnp Rm
_ensImphcpp ]pjv Sn]Xn(]pjvSnbpsS \mY)
F\nv ]pjvSn \IpamdmIs.
Adp]ntbgmw A\phmIw Ignp.
A\phmIw Adp]nsbv
1. Hmw XZv {_w Hmw XZv hmbpx Hmw XZmm.
Hmw XXv kXyw. XXv kw. Hmw XXv
]ptcm \ax
Hmw AXv {_amIpp. Hmw AXv hmbp]mIpp.
Hmw AXv BmhmIpp. Hmw AXv kXyamIpp. Hmw
A\y. khamIpp Hmw. B]cammhn\v \akv Imcw.
2. Hmw AcnXn {`ptXjp Kplmbmw
hnizaqnjp
Xzw bkvXzw hjvSImckvXzan{kvXzw
cp{Zkv Xzw
hnjv WpkvXzw {]Pm]Xnx Xzw XZm]
Bt]m tPymXo ctkm arXw {_`q`phx
kphtcm.
Fm aqnItfmSpw IqSnb PohnIfn Hmmccq]n
bmb B {_w lrZbm`mKv hnpp.
]cammth, Av bamWv , hjvSImcamWv , C{\m
Ipp, cp{Z\mIpp, hnjv WphmIpp, {_mhmIpp,
{]Pm]XnbmIpp. \ZnIfnse PeamIpp, kap{Znse
PeamIpp, kqcy XpSnb tPymXnpIfmIpp,
a[pcw apXembh ckamIpp, Av AarXamIpp,
thZamIpp, `qtemIhpw `phtemIhpw kphtemIhpw
ApXsbmIpp.
Adp]nsbmw A\phmIw Ignp.
A\phmIw Adp]n HXv
1. {imbmw {]mtW \nhnjvtSm arXw Pqtlman.
{imbma]mt\ \nhnjvtSm arXw Pqtlman
{imbmw hymt\ \nhnjvtSm arXw Pqtlman
{imbmapZmt\ \nhnjvtSm arXw Pqtlman
{imbmw kamt\ \nhnjvtSm arXw Pqtlman.
{_Wn a BmarXXzmb.
Rm {ibn {]mW\n AarXw kanpp.
Rm {ibn A]m\\n AarXw kanpp.
Rm {ibn hym\\n AarXw kanpp. Rm
{ibn DZm\\n AarXw kanpp. Rm
{ ibn kam\\n AarXw kan p p .
AarXXzn\mbn (tamw) Fs Bmhv {_n
GIo`hns.
2. AartXm]kv XcWakn
`Ww Bcw`npXn\papv shffsaSpv
BNanptm sNmt a{w \o AarXamb A
{_n\v hkv{XamIpp (Pes A{_s
aqSp hkv{Xambn kev]nsSpp.)
3. {ibmw {]mtW \nhnjv tSmarXw
Pqtlman inthm am hniz{]Zmlmb, {]m
Wmb kzmlm. {imbma]mt\ \nhnjvtSm
arXw Pqtlman. inthm am hnim{]Zmlmb.
A]m\mb kzmlm. {imbmw hymt\
\nhnjvtSmarXw Pqtlman inthm am hnim
{]Zmlmb. hym\mb kzmlm. {imbmw
DZmt\ \nhnjvtSmarXw Pqtlman. inthm am
hnizm{]Zmlmb DZm\mb kzmlm. {im
bmw kamt\ \nhnjvtSm arXw Pqtlman
inthm am hnim{]Zmlmb. DZm\mb kzm
lm. {imbmw kamt\ \nhnjvtSmarXw
Pqtlman. inthm am hniz{]Zmlmb. kam
\mb kztlm {_Wn a BarXXzmb.
I K
N P
636
{ibn {]mW\n \nhnjvSambn Aars Rm
tlmanpp. awKfambnXov ZlnnpXn\mbn
Fn tev {]thinmep w. {]mW\mbn kzmlm.
A]m\\mbn kzmlm, hym\\\mbn kzmlm. DZm\\mbn
kzmlm. kam\\mbn kzmlm.
Adp]smXmw A\phmIw Ignp.
A\phmIw Fgp]Xv
1. {imbmw {]mtW\nhniymarXw lpXw
{]mWat\m]ymbkz {imbma]mt\
\nhniymarXw hyt\ \nhniymarXw
lpXw. hym\at\m]ymbkz {imbm
apZmt\ \nhniymarXw lpXw. DZm\at\m
]ymbkz. {ibmw kamt\ \nhniym
arXw lpXw. kam\at\m]ymbkz.
Rm {itbmSp IqSn {]mW\n AarXcq]amb
lhnv Anncnpp. Cu Am Fs {]mW
in hnnmepw Rm {ibtbmsS A]m\\n
AarXcq]amb lhnv Anp. Cu Am
A]m\in Av hnnWw. Rm {itbmsS
kam\\n AarXcq]amb lhnv kanncnpp.
Cu Aw sImv Fs kam\insb hnnmepw.
(Cu a{ `Wn\ptijw Fgptp
Xn\p apv ]{]mWtfmSpff {]m\bmbn sNmm
\pffXv .
A\phmIw Fgp]n Hv
AwKpjvTam{Xx ]pcptjmwKpjvTw N kam{inXx
Cuixkky PKXx {]`px {]oWmXp hniz`pIv
AwKpjTam{X\mb ]pcpj (s]cphnctemfw
t]m ]pcpj) AwKpjv Tsbpw incns\bpw
B{ibnncnpp. khPKnsbpw Cui\pw
hniz`ppamb (Fmw A\p`hnph)
Fgp]ncmw A\phmIw Ignp
A\phmIw Fgp]naqv
1. hbx kp]m D]tkZpcn\{w
{]nbta[m Ejtbm \m[am\mx
A] [zmaqpln ]qn Npx
apapKvykvamn[tbh _m.
\ hfpff (NndIpI) hbppI (]n
I) Ft]mse \mYam\mcpw (bmNnph) {]nb
ta[mcpamb (bmKw Cjv SsSp) EjnI C{s\
D]kmZnp. (kao]np) [ms (Ccpv ) Av \inn
mepw. Npns\ (m\{]Imis) hnn
mepw. \n[ (Ne) sImst]mse _mcmbS
(ambbm _ns) Rsf tamNnnmepw
Fgp]naqmw A\phmIw Ignp.
A\phmImw Fgp]n\mev
1. {]mWm\mw {Knckn cpt{Zm am
hnimIx tX\mt\m]ybkz.
Atbm cp{Z, Av {]mWsfbpw C{nbsf
bpw Iqn tbmPnnp sImIpp. ZpxJsfmw
AIp AI\mbn Fn {]thinmepw Rm
Ign `Wm Fs hnnmepw.
(lrZbn sXmv ]Xps sNmm\pff a{amWnXv)
Fgp]n\memw A\phmIw Ignp.
A\phmIw Fgp]nbv
1. \tam cp{Zmb hnjv Wpth arXypt ]mln.
cp{Z\v \akv Imcw. hn jv Wphn\v \akv Imcw.
arXyphn \nv Fs cnmepw.
Fgp]nbmw A\phmIw Ignp.
A\phmIw Fgp]nbmdv
1. Xzat Zyp`nkvXzamipipmWo
kvXzaZv `ykv Xzaiv a\kv ]cn
Xzw ht\`ykv Xztamj[o`ykv Xzw
\rWmw \r]tX Pmbtk ipNnx
tl At Av Zypfm (bmKZnhksf \an
amn) Npp]mw ipipWnbmbn ({]Imiam\\mbn)
`hnpp. \cmcpsS a[yn \r]Xnsm
(cmPmhv) Av ApIfn \nv (Pew) P\npp.
Aizfn \nv (Iv)DmIpp. Av h\fn
\nv P\np Av Hmj[nIfn \npmIpp.
ipNnsbtmWw (kqcy)]cnip\mbn P\npp.
Fgp]nbmdmw A\phmIw Ignp.
A\phmIw Fgp]n Ggv
1. inht\ ta kwXnjv Tkz tkymt\\ ta
kwXnjvTkz
kp`qtX\ ta kwXnjvTkz {_htk\ ta
kwXnjvTkz bkyn a\pkwXnjvTkz
D] tX bt D] tX \a D] tX \ax
I K
N P
637
tl b kzcq]\mb tZh, AbpsS apn
\akv Imcw. AbpsS ASpv \akv Imcw. AbpsS
ASpv \akvImcw. AbpsS ASpv \akv Imcw.
inhtmSp IqSn (awKfw) Fs ASpv \nesImm
epw, tkym\hpw (kpJZmbIw) kp`pXhpamb (kpcw)
cq]n {_hktmsS (thZw ]TnhcpsS
tXPtmSpIqSn Av tim`npp.
Fgp]ntbgmw A\phmIw Ignp.
A\phmIw Fgp]nFv
1. kXyw ]cw ]cw kXyw ktXy\ \
kphmtmIImyht IZmN\
kXmw ln
kXyw XkvamXv ktXy cat
kXyw F{ Xbp w t{ ijv TamIp p . Ghp w
t{ijvTambnpffXv kXyw XsbmIpp. kXyw \nan
w kztemIn \nv Hcmp Hcnepw
Xmtgmp]XntXmbn hcpn. FpsImsm
kXyw k\pffXmWv. AXpsImv kXyn
ktmjnpp.
2. X] CXn Xt]m \m\i\mXv]cw bn ]cw
X]kvXZv Zp[jw XXv Zpcm[jw XkvamXv
X]knca\v tX.
Nne X]sv ]dbpp. A\i\n \np
]camb (D]hmkn IqSnb) X]n. bmsXmmtWm
DXvIrjv Samb X]v AXv Zp[jamIpp. (ioenp
hm {]bmkapffXv ) AXv Zpcm[jhpamIpp.
(apffhv kao]nm {]bmkapffXv )AXn\m
t{ibv B{Klnph X]n ktmjapsm
ffpp.
3. Za CXn \nbXw {_NmcnWkvXkv amZv
Zta cat
Zasav (C{nb \n{Klw) {_NmcnI Ftmgpw
]dbpp. AXn\m t{ibv B{Klnph C{nb
\n{Kln canpp.
4. ia CXyctWy ap\kvXkv amta cat.
iaamsWv (at\m\nb{Ww) BcWynepff
(h\w) ap\nI ]dbpp. AXpsImv at\m\nb{W
n Ah ktmjnpp.
5. Zm\anXn kmWn `qXm\n {]iwkn
Zm\mmXnZpjvIcw Xkv ammt\ cat
Zm\sav Fm `qXfpw (PohnI) {]iwknp
p. Zm\sm AXnZpjvIcambn Hpan. AXp
sImv {ibn B{Klnph Zm\n canpp.
6. [ CXn [tW kanZw ]cnKrloXw
[mXnZpcw Xkvamt cat
tam km[\ambnpffXv [amsWv ]dbpp.
[m CsXmw Xs kwcnsSpp.
[stmse A\pjv Tnphm {]bmktadnbXmbn
asmn. AXn\m t{ibv B{Klnph
[n canpp.
7. {]P\ CXn `qbmwkkvXkvamXv `qbnjvTx
{]Pmbt
XkvamXv `qbnjv Tmx {]P\t\ cat.
{]P\w (kmt\mev]mZ\w) tam ImcWsapw
hfscb[nIw BfpI ]dbppv. AXn\m hfscb
[nIw BfpI {]PIsf P\nnpp. As\ ]ecpw
kmt\mev]mZ\n ktmjnpp.
8. Ab CXyml XkvamZb B[mXhymx
thZ\njvTmcm sshZnIm AnI tamIm
cWsav ]dbpp. BbXn\m tamtNvibm Ah
Aym[m\w sNpp.
9. Antlm{XanXyml
XkvamZntlm{X cat
tamImcWamWvAntlm{Xsav Nne ]dbp
p. AXpsImv Antlm{Xn ktmjnpp.
10. b CXn bt\ ln tZhm Znhw KXmx
XkvamZv bPvtR cat.
Nne ]dbpXv bamWv tamkm[\sa
mWv. AXn\m Nne bn ktmjnpp,
BWv tamImcWsav m\nI hnNmcnpp.
AXn\m m\nI a\v sImpff D]mk\bn
am{Xw hnizknpp.
12. am\kanX hpZzmwkx Xkv amZv hnZzmwk
Gh am\tk cat.
lncWy K` ]dbpXv k\ymkamWv tamIm
cWsamWv lncWyK`\mb {_mhv At Alw
t{ijv T\mWtm. bYmn CXphsc ]d
Fm [fpw A]cfmb (XmW\nebnepff)
X]pIfmIpp. \ymkw XsbmWv (k\ymkw)
Fmn\pw anIXv. bmsXmcph Cs\ Adnbpp
D]\njmIpp (clkythZhnZy)
Fgp]nsbmw A\phmIw Ignp.
I K
N P
638
A\phmIw Fgp]n H]Xv
1. {]Pm]tXym lymcpWnx kp]tbx
{]P]Xnw ]nXca]kkmc Inw `Khx
]caw hZoXn. Xkvssa t{]mhmN.
{]Pm]Xy\pw ({]Pm]XnbpsS ]p{X) kphtb
\pamb (kphbpsS ]p{X) BcpWn ]nXmhmb
{]Pm]Xnsb kao]np. `Khmmcmb aljnam Fn
s\ Ghpw DXvIrjvSsav ]dbpp Fv Aht\mSv
]dbpIbpmbn.
2. ktXy\ hmbpcmhmXn ktXy\mZntXym
tcmNtX Znhn kXyw hmNx {]XnjvTm
ktXy kw {]XnjvTnXw Xkv amXv
kXyw ]caw hZn
kXym Imv hoipp. kXym BZnXy
BImin {]Iminpp. hmns {]Xnjv T
kXyamIpp. kXyn kIeXpw {]Xnjv TnXambn
cnpp. AXn\m kXys kthmXvIrjvSsav
aljnam ]dbpp.
3. X]km tZhm tZhXm{K Bb
X]kmjbx kphc\zhn
X]km k]Xv\m {]WpZmam
cmXokvX]kn kw {]XnjvTnXw
XkvamXv X]x ]caw hZn.
BZyw tZhm X]psImv tZhXm`mhw {]m]n
p. Ejnam X]psImv kphtemIs {]m]np.
X]psImv AcmXnIfmb k]vXmsc (t{ibn\v
{]Xn_ambn \np i{Xpsf) \inns.
kIeXpw X]nemWv {]XnjvTnXambnpffXv . AXn\m
X]v AXyw t{ijvTambn aljnam ]dbpp.
4. Ztat\ Zmmx Inev_njah[q\zn
Zta\ {_NmcnWx kphcK Ztam
`qXm\mw Zcm[jw Zta kw {]Xnjv TnXw
Xkv amax]cawhZn.
Zmm (C{nb \n{Klw km[nh) Za\w
sImv (C{nb\nb{Ww) Inev _njs (]mhw)
\innpp. Zan {]XnjvTnXambncnpp. AXp
sImv Zaw At Aw t{ijv TamsWv Adnhpffh
]dbpp.
5. itat\ immx inhamNcn iat\
\mIw ap\tbm \zhn itam `qXm\mw
Zpcm[jw ita kw {]XnjvTnXw XkvamXv
iax ]caw hZn
iam (at\m\nb{Ww) immcmb ]in
hs (awKfw) BNcnpp. ap\nI iaw sImv
\mIs (kzw) {]m]np. iaw `qXv (PohnI
{]m]nphm hnjapffXmWv kIeXpw ian
{]XnjvTambncnpp. AXn\m iaw kht{ijvTsav
Adnhpffh ]dbpp.
6. Zm\w bm\mw hcqYw ZnWm, temtI
ZmXmcw k `qXm\yp]Pohn, Zmt\\
AcmXoc]m\pZ, Zmt\\ Zznjtm
an{Xm `hn, Zmt\ kw {]Xnjv TnXw
Xkvamm\w ]caw hZn.
ZnWbmKfpsS hcqYamb ({][m\w) Zm\am
Ip temIn kIe `qXfpw ZmXmhns\ D]Pohn
pp. Zm\w sImv AcmXnIsf (i{Xp) CmXm
m Ignbpp. Zm\w sImv Zznjp (i{Xp)
an{Xfmbn `hnpp. kIeXpw Zm\n {]XnjvTn
XamWv. AXp \nanw Zm\w AXyw DXvIrjvSsav
Adnhpffh ]dbpp.
7. [tm hnizky PKXx {]XnjvTm temtI
[njv Tw {]Pm D]k]n [tW ]m]
a]\pZXn [t kw {]Xnjv TnXw Xkvam
w ]caw hZn.
hnizamb PKnsbpw (Fm temIw) {]XnjvT
(B{ibw) [amIpp. temIn [njv Ts\
{]PI kao]npp. [m ]m]w \inpp.
[m Fmw {]Xnjv TnXambncnpp. AXp
sImv [w t{ijvTamb t{ibx km[\sav Adn
hpffh ]dbpp.
8. {]P\\w ssh {]XnjvTw temI
km[p {]Pmbm
kv\pw X\zm\x]nXrWma\rtWm `hXn.
XtZh Xkym\rWw Xkv amXv {]P\\w
]caw hZn
kXyp ev ]mZ\w temIn \n e\nev ]n\v
ImcWamIpp. imkv{X{]Imcw {]PIsf \ne\nev]ns\
sNp ]nXmv ISanmh\mbn`hnpp.
AXpXsbmWv Ah\v ISanmXncnp Ah.
AXpsImv iXypev ]mZ\w F{Xbpw t{ijvTNIsav
]dbpp.
9. Atbm ssh{Xbo hnZym tZhbm\x ]m
KmlXy EIv ]rYnho cYca\zmlmcy
]N\x bPqccnw hmatZhyamlh\obx
kma kphtm temIm _rlXv Xkvamo
]caw hZo.
I K
N P
639
{Xbo hnZy (aqp thZfn \nv Inp m\w)
tZhbm\amb ]mhv (amw) Kml]Xymn, EtKzZw,
]rYnhocphw, cYcsa kma Km\w CsXmss
AntZhmXs. A\zmlmcy ]N\sa An
bPpthZhpw Acocq]hpw hmhtZhysap
]dbp kmaKm\hpw Blh\obmnbpw kma thZ
hpw, kzhpw _rlsp ]dbp kmaKm\hpw
Fmw An kzcq]tfm, AnIfm {]m]nsSm
IgnbptXm BWv. AXn\m AnIsf t{ijvTsav
tZhhnp IcpXpp.
10. Antlm{Xw kmbw {]mXKrlmWmw
\njv IrXnx kznjv Sw kplpXw
b{IXq\mw
{]mbWw kphky temIky tPymXnx
XkvamZntlm{Xw ]caw hZn.
kmbw Imenepw {]mXx Imenepw sNp
Antlm{Xw Krlv (hoSp Ifn sNp
]m]v) \njvIXnbmIpp. ({]mbnw) kznjvSw
(\t]msebPns bmKw) kplpXw. (th hn[w
\Snb tlmaw) bfpsSbpw {IXpfpsSbpw
{]mbWhpw ({]mcw`w) kztemIns tPymXnpw
BIpp. AXpsImv Antlm{Xw Ghpw t{ijvT
sav sshZnIm IcpXpp.
12. am\kw ssh {]mP]Xyw ]hn{Xw
am\tk\ a\km km[p ]iyXn a\km
Ejbx {]Pm AkrP am\tk kw
{]XnjTnXw Xkvamm\kw ]caw hZn
am\kw (a\psImpff D]mk\) {]mPm]Xy
amWv ({]Pm]Xnsb kw_nXv ) AXv ]hn{XamIpp.
D]mk\bm GIm{Kamb a\n\m \Xv ImWm
Ignbpp. a\psImv ap\nam {]PIsf krjvSnp.
a\ns GIm{KXbnemWv kIeXpw {]XnjvTnXambnp
ffXv AXn\m am\ks Gddhpw t{ijvTsav
Adnhpffh ]dbpp.
13. \ymk CXymlp\ojntWm {_mWmw
{_m hnizx IXax kzbw{`qx
{]Pm]Xnx kwhc CXn.
a\ojnI (m\nI) \ymbw Fv {_mhns\
]dbpp. {_w hnizamIpp. IXa (B\kzcq]n)
kzbw `q (X\nsb Dmbh) {]Pm]Xn ({]PIfpsS
\mY) kwhc (Imekzcq]n) Cs\sbmw
{_mhns\n ]dbpp.
14. kwhtcm kmhnZntXym b Gj
BZntXy ]pcpjx k ]ctajvTo {_mm
Imekzcq]amb kwhcw B BZnXy\mIpp.
BZnXy\n bmsXmcp ]pcpj\ptm Ah ]ctajv Tn
bpw (lncK`) {_mmhpw (]c{_kzcq]n)
BIpp.
15. bm`ncmZnXykvX]Xn civ an`nkv Xm`nx
]t\ym hjXn ]t\yt\mj[n
h\kv ]Xbx {]Pmb Hmj[nh\kv]Xn
`ncw`hXyt\ {]mWmx {]mssW_ew
_te\ X]kvX]km {im {ibm
ta[m ta[bm a\ojm a\ojbm at\m
a\km imnx imym Nnw Nnt\
kvarXnx kvarXym kvamcw kvamtcW
hnm\w
hnmt\\mm\w thZbn XkvamZw
ZZ kmtWyXm\n ZZmXymXv {]mWm
`hn {`qXm\mw {]mssWt\m a\k
hnm\w hnm\mZm\tm {_tbm\nx
GsXmcp civanIsfsmmtWm kqcy NqSpm
pXv B civanIsfsmv h\y (taLw)
Bbnov ag s]npp. ]P\y \nanw
Hmj[nIfpw h\kv ]XnIfpw AapmIpp. (`W
km[\) Aw sImv {]mWMAMfpw, {KmW
fm _ehpw, _em X]pw, X]psImv
{ibpw, {isImv ta[bpw (_pn) ta[sImv
a\ojbpw (C{nbkwbaw C{nb kwbaw sImv a\\p
inbpw, a\m\n{Klw sImv imnbpw, imnsImv
m\Xr]vXamb Nnhpw, NnwsImv Hmin
bpw, Hminbm \ncckvacWhpw, \ncckvac
Wm hntitjW Dff m\hpw e`npp.
hnPRm\w sImv BXv amhns\ Adnbm Ignbpp.
AXn\m Aw Zm\w sNph CsXmw \Ipp.
An \nv PohnIfpsS {]mWfpmIpp.
hnm\m B\w knnpp. AXmIs Fm
nsbpw Dhm\amb ]c{_mhv.
16. k hm Gj ]pcpjx ]mm
tb\ kanZw t{]mXw ]rYnho Nmcnw N
Zyu ZnimhmcZnim k ssh
kanZw
PK k `qXw k `hyw PnmkIv\p]vX
EXPm
cbnjvTmx {im ktXym ]lkzmatkm
]cnjv SmXv mXzm Xtahw a\km
lrZmN `qtbm
\ arXypap]bmln hnZzm. XkvamZv\ym
ktajmw X]kmaXncnamlpx
I K
N P
640
k\ymkw sImv ]cakXyw kmmXvcnnpff
B ]pcpj Ap hn[n Av kz`mhtfmSp
IqSnbh\mbnocpp. ]rYnhnbpw Acohpw BIm
ihpw Ah Xs. Cu P\sbpw Ah\mWv. Ah
`qXImeamWv. Ah `hyamWv. (hcm t]mIpXv)
Ah Pn Rv Pmkm eynsen bh\mWv .
cbnjvT (Bm\amIp [\amh) hnizmk
hpw, kXyhpw ]lkzm\pw (kzmbw {]Imi) BWv
Ah Xans D]cn\npp. a\pw sImpw
lrZbwsImpw Ahs\ Cs\ a\nemn m\n
acWw {]m]npn. AXn\m \ymks (k\ymkw)
Cu X]pIfn shv AXncnsav (hninjv Sw)
]dbpp.
17. hkpctWzm hn`pckn {]mtW Xzakn
kmXm {_ Xzakn hnizkrt
tPmZmkXzakytckn htmZmkvXzakn
kqcyky Zypav t\mZmkv Xzakn N{amk
D]bma
KrlotXmkn {_tW Xzm altk.
Atbm {_, Av hkpcWz\mIpp. (B
m\amIp [\w \Iph) hn`phpamIpp,
{]mW\pambn Iqn LSnnpph\mIpp. Av hniz
krv BWv (hnizhym]n) Ap N{s Zypav t\mZmhv
({]ImiamIp [\w \Iph) D]bma KrloX\m
Wv (D]bmasa ]m{XnseSp tkmackw)
ssNX\y kzcq]amb {_ XXzm\n\mbn A
sb Rm `Pnpp.
18. HmanXymm\w bpoX GXssZz atlm]
\njZw tZhm\w Kplyw b Ghw thZw {_
tWm alnam\am]vt\mXn XkvamXv {_tWm
alnam\anXyp]\njXv .
"Hmw' FpcnpsImv Bmhns\ tbmPnn
Ww. tZhmpIqSn clkyambnpff hninjvSamb
D]\njv CXmIpp. GsXmcph Cs\ {_
ns alXzw Adnbpp, Ah {_ns alXzw
{]m]npp. Cs\ D]\njv
Fgp]smaXmw A\phmIw Ignp.
A\phmIw F]Xv
1. Xsskyhw hnZptjm bkymm bPam\x
{im ]Xv\o icocan[v aaptcm thZntemam\n
_lnthZx inJm lrZbw bq]x Ima BPyw
a\ypx ]ipkv Xt]mnZax iabnXm
(Zm\w) Zn
Wm hmIvtlmXm {]mW DZv KmXm
Npc[zcyp
at\m {_m t{im{XaoXv bmhnbtX km
Zom bZiv\mXn XhnXv]n_Xn XZky
tkma]m\w b{ZatX XZp]ktZm bXv kc
Xyp]hniXypnjv TtX N k
{]htKymbpJw
XZmlh\otbm bm hymlrXncmlpXnZky
hnm\w XptlmXn bmbw
{]mXcn
Xan[w bXv{]mXm[yn\w kmbw N
Xm\n kh\m\n tb Atlmcmt{X tX
Zi]q
amku tb amkm amkm tX
NmXpm
kym\n tb EXhkvtX ]ip_m
tb kwh
cm ]cnhcm tXlKWmx kthZ
kmw hm GXXv k{Xw bcWw
XZh`rYw GX
ssZz Pcmaantlm{Xw k{Xw tb
Ghw hnZzm
\nZKbt\ {]aobtX tZhm\mtah alnam\w
KXzmZnXyky kmbpPyw KXyY tbm
ZntW
{]aobtX ]nXrWmtah alnam\w KXh N{
akxkmbpPyw KtXyXu ssh kqcymN{
atkmlnam\u {_mtWm
hnZzm\ `nPbXn
XkvamZv {_tWm alnam\am]vt\mXn
Xkv amZv
{_tWm alnam\anXyp]\njXv.
Cu hn[n kXyns kmmXvmcw e`n
npff m\nbpsS PohnXw Xs bamWv. PvRm
\nbpsS Bmhv B bn bPam\\t{X.
bPam\]Xn Atlns {iXs. Atlns
{i Xs. Atlns icocw Xs hndImWv.
amdnSamWv thZn. tcma Z`ppIfmIpp. thZam
Wv inJ, lrZbw, bp]hpw, B{Klw, BPyamIpp.
tIm]w tlmanphm\pff arKamWv . X]v AnbmWv.
_en \Iph C{nb \n{Klw; hmv tlmXmhv,
DZvKmXmsh ]ptcmlnX\pw hmmWv Npv A[zcyw
F ]ptcmlnX\t{X. a\v {_amIp ]ptcmlnX;
t{im{Xw AoXv F ]ptcmlnX\mWv. Poh F{X
I K
N P
641
Imew Dtm A{Xbpw Imew ZobmWv. `npXv
lhnv ; IpSnpXv tkma]m\w; ktmjnpXv
D]kZv F Iw. kcn, Ccn, Fhpt
Ch {]hKyw F IamIpp. apJw Blh\o
bmK\nbmWv. kwkmcnpXv BlpXn. hnm\w,
tlmaw, {]`mXnsebpw sshIptcsbpw `Ww
An hndInSpXmWv . {]`mXhpw a[ymhpw
kmbm Imehpw kh\fmWv. ]fpw, amk
fpw, NXpamky, EXp ]ip_bmKw,
kwhcfpw ]cnkwhcfpw AlKW bmK
; Fmw IqSn k\ymknbpsS PohnXw Hcp b
amWv acWw Ah`rY kv\m\amIpp. Cs\ PXac
W]cyapff PohnXw Antlm{XamIpp An
tKm{Xsa bamIpp. CXdnbph DcmbW
Imev tZhmcpsS amlmyw {]m]nv BZnXym
Iamb kmbpPyw {]m]npp. kqcysbpw N{sbpw
alXzw {]XyIadnbp hn{] Ah cpw kmmXvI
cnpp. Fm ]cakXyw kmmXv Icn k\ymkn
{_ns amlmyw t\Spp. AXn\m ]c{_
s a\nempXv {ianWw.
alm\mcmb- tWm]\njv kam]np.
Q
almhmtIym]\njv
1
3
imn ]mTw
Hmw `{Zw It`nx irWpbma tZhm `{Zw
]tiy]am`ncyPt{Xx nssccwssKkvXphmw
kkvX\q`nhy.tia tZhlnXw bZmbpx kzkvXn \x
Ct{m hr{ihmx kzkvXn \x ]qjm hnizthZmx
kzkvXn \kvXmtym Acnt\anx kzkvXn t\m
_rlkv]Xn Z[mXp Hmw imnx imnx imnx
tZh m sc, R ImXp I sImv awKfw
tItW. IpI sImv awKfw ImWtW. AtcmK
ZrVKm{Xcmbn R \nsf kvXpXnsImncn tW.
Rv \n bnnp Bbpp apgph R A\p
`hn tW. almIonam\mb C{ Rv awKfw
\ItW. kh \mb ]qjmhv Rv awKfacpf
s. A{]XnlXthKhm\mb KcpU Rv awKfw
\ItW. _rlkv]Xn Rv \b cpftW. Hmw
imnx imnx imnx
1. lcn Hmw AY tlmhmN `Khm {_ ]tcm
m\p`h]tcm]\njZw hymJymkymax KplyXvKp
lyXctajm \ {]mIrXmb D]tZhym kmXznIm
bm apJmb lcn ip {iq jth AY kwkrXn
_ tam tbmhn Zym hntZy Npjn D] kw
lrXy hn m bm hn Zy temIm kv Xtam
ZrJvXtam ln imcoc{]]am {_ mhcm
a mJn em`qXw \nJne \nKtam ZnX kImaI
hyhlmtcm temIx
AXns\ pSv {_mhv A]tcmm\p`h]c amb D]
\njv hymJym\nmsav ]dp. Cu D]\njv
{]mIrXmv D]tZinp sImSpcpXv ImcWw CXv
F{Xbpw tKm]\ob amWv Fnepw kmXzn Ihrn tbmSp
IqSnb h\pw AapJ\pw Kpcp ip{iqjm]c\pamb
injy\v D]tZin mw. AXn \m kmwkmcn Iamb _
\n\pw tamn\pw ImcW`qXamb AhnZymt\ {X
D]kwl cnv Am\m ImcaIn kImaIfn
hym]rXamb temIs XXzm\ ntev \bnt
Xmh iyamWv .
2. ss\tjm f Imtcm f bamm hnZym lnIm
mcmZntXym tPymXna ew {Kmlyw \m]cw
AkmhmZntXym {_tXyP]tbm]lnXw lwkx
tkm f lw {]mWm]m\m`ymw {]Xntem am\ptem
am`ymw kap]ess`yhw km Nncw e_v[zmXrhr Zm
\n {_Wy`n[ymbamt\ knZm\x ]camm
hn`hn
Bmhv A Imc aba sp kzbw {]Imin
\np `n a m XpsImv kzbw {]Imicq]amsWp
ap m\w e`nmXncn pn Stmfw a\pjy
m\w t\S Ww. hnZy tPymXnkzcq]amWv. Gsd {]b
Xv\anmsXbpw tikm[\ IqSmsXbpw {_{]m]vXn
kpe`amWv. AXns t]cmWv lwkw. Xm\pw {_ns
Hcw isap IcpXn {]mWm]m\ izmk aptJ\ CXn
I K
N P
642
\p m\ amnv Nnckm[\ sNbvXv Cu hnZy
aptJ\ kan hyn XssZIyw Fo aqp cq]nep
{_n [ym\nm knZm\ kzcq]\mb ]camm
hns\ kmmXvIcnmw.
3. kl {k`m\papcnXm ]qcnXm ]qcn XXzmZen
]ym]mchmcqc Ch ss\jm kam[nx ss\jmtbm
Kknnx ss\jm at\mebx {_ssIyw XXv BZn
Xyhw Xa kkv Xp ]tc khmWn cq]mWn
hnNnXy [ocm \mam\n IrXzm f `nhZ\y ZmkvtX
[mXm ]pc kvXmZyap ZmP lmc. i{Ix {]hnZzm {]Xn
iX{kx Xtahw hnZzm\apX Cl `hXn \m\yx
]m Ab\mb hnZytX. bt\ baPb
tZhmx Xm\n [mWn {]Yam\ym k tX l
\mIw aln am\w kNt b{X ]qth km[ym
kn tZhmx
XXzm\hrn Bbncw kqcymcpsS {]Imitm
SpIqSnbXpw {]imhpw {_ ck]qcnXhpw BWv. Cu
hrn kam[ntbm tbmKknntbm at\mebtam A.
{]Xy {_ ns GIm kzcq]amWv . BZn Xykz cq
]amWv. khNcmNcfpw anYysbp IcpXn Xs
Xm{X kzcq]w {Klnp h am{Xw {_kzq]w {]m]n
pp. {_mhpw CXv ]dn pv. ZnpIfpw D]Znp
Ifpw {_m\nIfn apJy\mb C{\pw CXv ]dn
pv. Cu {_s Cs\ a\ nemp hnZzm ]c
amkzcq]\mbnocpp. tame_v[nv thsd am
an. C{mZn tZhmcpw m\ bw sImv bPnp
Ibpw As\ Pohp cmbn ocpIbpw sNbvXp. Poh
p cq]n ep I fmWv BZyapmbXv BZyw
km[yw am{Xambn cpXv AhnsS Fnbtm {]Imi
cq]ambn.
4. tkm f lax ]cw tPymXn
ctPymXnclw inhx
BtPymXnclw ip{Ix
khtPymXnc kmhtZmlx
Rm NnZmZnXy\pw ]cw tPymXnpamWv, AtX inh
XXz amWv , AtX BtPymXnmWv kIeXpw {]Iminn
p B {_ ns kzcq]hpw AXn \n `nhp
am Wv.
5. b GXZ Yhintcm f [otX {]mXc [nbmt\m
cm{XnIrXw ]m]w \mibXn kmba[obmt\m Znh
kIrXw ]m]w \mibXn XXv kmbw {]mXx {]bp
Rv Pm\x ]mt]m f A]mt]m `hXn a[yw Zn\amZn
Xym`n aptJm f [obm\x ] alm]mXtIm]]mX
ImXv {]apNytX khth Z]mcmbW]pWyw e`
tX. {ioalmhnjvWp kmbqPya hm]vt\mXoXyp]
\n jXv .
Cu AYhincv {]`mX n A[yb\w sNp
h cm{Xn sNbvX ]m]w \innpp. sshIptcw A[y
b\w sNp h ]I es ]m]w \in n p p.
Imepw sshInpw A[yb\w sNp h ]m]nbmsW
nepw ]m]lo\ \mIpp. DNNv kqcym`napJ ambn A[y
b\w sNph ] alm]mXI tIm]n \n ap
\mIpp. khthZ]mcmbWw ]pWyw t\Spp. {ioalm
hnjvWp kmbqPyw {]m]npp.
almhmtIym]\njv kam]np.
Q
atlm]\njv
1
3
imn]mTw
Hmw B]ybp aamwKm\n hmIv {]mWpx I
t{im{XatYm _mean{nbmWn N khmWn.I
khw {_tm]\njZw amlw
{_ \ncmIpcymw.I
am am {_ \ncmItcmZ\ncmIcW akvXz
\ncmIcWw ta AkvXpI
XZm\n \nctX b D]\n I
jq [mkvtX abn kp tX abn kp I
Hmw imnx imnx imnx I
]c{_sa, Fs khmwKfpw hmv, {]mW,
t\{Xw, t{im{Xw Fnhbp, inbp C{nbfpw
I K
N P
643
]cn]pjvSams. CXv D]\njXvZpamb {_amWv.
Rm CXns\ \ncmIcnpn. {_w Fs \ncmIcn
mXncntW. F\npw {_n\pw Xn At`Zy
amb _w DmItW. {_\ncX\mb Fn D]\n
jZpfmb [ \ne\ntW. Hmw imnx
imnx imnx
1. AYmtXm atlm]\njZw hymJymkyma kv XZm
lp tctIm l ssh \mcmbW Bkn
{_mt\imt\m \mt]m \mKv\otjmau t\ ta
Zymhm ]rYnho \ \{XmWn \ kqtcym \
N{am k GImIo\ catX. Xkym[ym\m
ky bkv tXmaapNytX.
C\n atlm]\njns\n {]Xn]mZnmw. BZn
bn tIhew \mcmbW am{Xta Dmbncppffp.
{_mthm cp{Zt\m Petam Antbm hmbpthm BIm
itam ]rYzntbm \{Xtfm kqcyt\m Hpw Dm
bncpn. GImInbmbncnm Atlw Cjv Ssn.
AXpsImv Atlw kev ][ym\w sNbvXp. B
[ym\n\v b kv tXmasav ]dbpp.
2. Xkv an]pcpjmXpi PmbtX
GImI\ym I
Zti{nbmWn a\x GImZiw tXPx ZzmZtimf
lwImcx I
{Xtbm ZiIx{]mWmx NXpi Bm
] Zio I
_pnx `qXm\n]Xm{XmWo. ]alm
`qXm\n I
k GIx ] hnwiXnx ]pcpjx XXv]pcpjw
]qcptjm I
\nthiy \mky {][m\ kwhcm
Pmbt I
kwhmcm Z[n Pmbt I
B [ym\^eambn ]Xnmep ]pcpjmcpw Hcp
I\yIbpw P\np. ]v C{nbfpw tXPkznbmb
a\pw Almchpw {]mW\pw BmhpamWv . B
]Xnmep ]pcpjm. Cu ]Xnmep ]pcp]mp
]pdsa _pnbmIp I\yIbpmbn Chbv pw
`nambn kqva`qXtfmSpIqSnb Ap Xm{XIfpw
]alm`pXfpw Dmbn. Cu ]pcpj {]thinp.
Fm Ccp]nbp XXztfmSp IqSnb hncmSv ]pcp
j\n \npw kwhc DmIpn kwhc
ImeamIp kwhcn \npamWpm
IpXv .
3. AY ]p\tchw \mcmbW. tkm f\yXv ImtamI
a\km [ymbXv krXky [ym\mx
ky eemSmXv I
{Xbx iqe]mWnx ]pcptjm PmbtX _n{_I
{nbw bix kXyw {_Ncyw Xt]m
sshcmKyw I
a\ sFizcyw k{]Whm hymlrXb
EKyPpx kmamI
YhmwKnckx khmWn Omwkn Xm\ywtK I
kam{ioXm\n XkvamZoimt\m
almtZthmalmtZhxI
A\cw \mcmbW asmcp kev]tmSp IqSn
[ym\n apgpIn. Atm Atlns s\nbn
\npw {Xnt\{X\pw {Xniqe]mWnbpamb hninjvS]pcp
j\pmbn. biv , kXyw X]v , {_mNcyw, ssh
cmKyw, \nb{nX a\v, sFizcyw {]Whw tN
hymlrXnI, \mep thZ, kqOpI
Fnh B kn]pcpjs\ B{ibnncnpp. AXn
sImv Atln\v Cuim\s\pw almtZhs\pw
t]cpI Dmbn.
4. AY ]p\tch \mcmbWx tkmf\yXv ImtamI
a\km A[ymbX. Xkym [ym\m kyI
eemSmXv tkymtZmf]XXv . Xmx Camx {]XXmI
A]vkxXXkvtXtPm lncbmWvUw X{XI
{_m NXpptJm PmbX I
\mcmbW hnpw asmcp kev ]tmsS
[ym\np. AtXmsS Atlns s\nbn \nv
hnbv s]mSnp. B hnbmWv Pecq]n k
h{X hym]nncnpXv . B Pen AWphns
BImcn Hcp lncb tKmfw ImWsp. B
tXtPmtKmfn \npw NXpapJ\mb {_mhp
mbn.
5. tkmf[ymbXv ]qhm`naptJm `qXzm `qcnXn
hymlrXnKmb{XwO EtKztZm AntZhXm.
]nam`n aptJm `qXz m `phcn Xn hymlrXn kv
ss{XjvTp`w Otm bpthtZm hmbp tZhXm
Dcm`naptJm `qXzm kzcnXn hym lrXnPmKXw
Ox kma thZx kqtcym tZhXm ZnWm`naptJm
`qXz m alcn Xn hymlrXncm\pjv Sp`w Ntm-
AYhthZx tkmtam tZmhXm.
Ingtmp t\mn \nv {_mhv `x Fp
cnpsImv Kmb{Xo, Ov , EtKzZw, An Fnh
sbbpw ]Snmtdmp t\mn \nv `phx Fpcnv,
PKXn Ov kmathZw, kqcy Fnhsbbpw sXtmv
t\mn \n v ""alv '' Fpcnv A\p jv Sp]v
I K
N P
644
AYhthZw tkma Fnhsbbpw [ym\np.
6. kl{kiojw tZhw kl{kmw
hniziw`qhw I
hnizXx ]caw \nXyw hnizw \mcmbWw lcnwI
7. hniztaZthZw ]pcpjkvXZznizap]PohnXn I
]Xnw hntizizcw tZhw kapt{Z
hnizcq]nWw.I
]noSv {_mhv kl{kioj\pw kl{km\pw
khawKfkzcq]\pw khhym]nbpw ]cmXXv]c\pw
\nXy kzcq]\pamb \mcmbWs\ [ym\np. Atlw
B PKoizcs\ ZinXv ockmKcimbnbmbnmWv.
I am{Xbn Xs Atlw XsbmWv hnizcq]
s\mpw kIe {]]nsbpw Poh Ctls
sbmWv B{ ibn n cnp sXpw { _mhn \v
t_m[ysp.
8. ]tImi {]XoImiw ew_Xym
tImikn`w I
lrZbw Nm]yt[m apJw kwXpkvssXkoXv
Imcm`n I
9. Xkyat[y alm\n hnizmn
hniztXmapJw I
XkyatyhninJm AWotbm[zm
hyhnXm I
10. Xkym inJbm at[y]camm hyhnXx I
k {_m k Cuim\x tk{ tkmcx
]cax kzcmUnXn atlm]\njXv I
]tImiw t]mse ZoLhpw At[mapJhpamb
lrZbn \nv koXvImci_vZw ]pdspsImncn
pp. B lrZbns a[yn almb Hcp
Pzmebpv. B An PmebpsS. B PzmebmWv Zo]in
tJmse ]p Znnepw {]Imiw hnXdn hnizs
{]Imiam\ampXv . B An PzmebpsS at[y
apIfn sNdnb Hcp An inJbpv . AXns
a[ynemWv ]cammhp XsbmWv {_mhpw Cu-
izc\pw C{\pw Ahn\minbpw Fv atlm]\njv
]dbpp.
cma[ymbw
1. iptIm \maalmtXPmxkzcq]m\XXv]cx I
PmXamt{XW ap\ncmUv bXv kXyw XZ
hm]v XhmI
2. tX\mku kzhnthtI\ kzbtah alma\mx I
{]hnNmcyNncw km[p kzm\nb
am]vXhm I
B ]cam\w \nccw BkzZnph\pw alm
tXPkznbpamb ap\nbmbncpp ipItZh. P\ntm
Xs Atlw kXyXXzm\ Bnp.
]cm{ibw IqSmsX Xs Nnnp. hnthI_pnbm
Bkzcq]w FmsWpffXns\n kp\nnX
t_m[apsmp
3. A\mJyXzmZKayXzm\xjjv tT{nb
ntXx I
Nnm{Xtah ammWpcmImimZ]n
kqvaIx I
4. NnZtWmx ]cakymx tImSn
{_mWvUtcWhx I
DXv]nnXn at`yXy eobt in
]cybmXv I
5. BImiw _mlyiq\yXzmZ\mImiw
Xp NnXzXx I
\ InnZyZ\ntZiyw hkvXp ktXn
In\ I
A\n hN\obamb Bmhv AKayamIp p.
a\mIp Bdmas C{bn CcnpXn\m
AXv AWphnmImcamWv. AXv Nnm{Xhpw BImi
XXz sm AXn kq v hp amIp p . Cu ]a
Nn{Zp]mWphn tImSm\ptImSn {_mWv UtcWp
krjvSnnXnebw tNcpp.
Bmhv Nn{Zq]ambXn\m BImin \npw
`namWv . Fm _mlyiq\yXbm CXns cq]w
hnm {]bmkamWv. CXv hkvXpcq]a. Fm
k BbXn\m hkvXp cq]hpamIpp.
6. tNXtkmfku {]ImiXtZzZy `mhmn
tem]ax I
kzm\n thyma\n kztPKZptj
Nn{XIrXv I
7. XXv `mam{XanZw hnizanXn \kymXx ]rYIvI
PKXv t`tZmf]n XZv`m\anXn t`tZmf]n XbxI
8. khKx khkw_tm KXy`mh\m KXn I
\mkv Xykmhm{ibm`mhmXv k{Zq]Xzm
XYmkvXnN I
9. hnm\am\w {_cmtX ZmXpx
]cmbWw I
kh kev] k\ymk tXkmbXv
]cn{Klx I
10. Pm{KXx {]Xybm`mhw bkymlpx {]Xybw
_p[mx I
bXv ktmN hnImkm`ymw PKXv
{]fb krjvSbx I
I K
N P
645
11. \njv Tm thZmhmIym\m aY hmNma
tKmNcx I
Alw knXv ]cm\ {_sshmkvXn
\ tNXcx I
CXv {]ImimIamIbm ssNX\y kzcq]amWv.
Fm thZ\mIamIbm inemcq]hpamWv . Dffn
CXv hn`n {]Imcn hntizmtjw hfpp.
hnizw AXn \npw `na. Bmhn ImWp
hnizt`Zhpw Bmhn \npw `na. kh _I
ambXn\m AXv FhnsSbpw Kanpp. Fm AXn
KXn kzm`mhanmXn\m kcnpn. \ncm{in
XamIbm \mkvXn cq]amWv; XXzcq]amIbm AkvXn
cq]tabpffq. [\Zmmhns almb KXn CXpXs
GsXmcp {_w B\ hnm\ cq]amWv, GXns\
kzoIcnpIbmtWm am\knI kev]fneqsS XymKw
am{XambncnpXv, _pnamm GsXmns t_m[
sbmtWm am\knI kev ]fneqsS XymKw
am{XambncnpXv, _pnamm GsXmns t_m[
sbmtWm Pm{KZhbpsS t_m[sbmtWm
Pm{KZhbpsS t_m[sap ]dbpXv. GsXmns
ktmNw sImmtWm {]fbhpw hnImkw sImv
krjv Snbpw kw`hnpXv . GsXmmtWm thZm-
hmIyfpsS \njvTmcq]hpw hmNmXoXhpambncnp
Xv . B knZm\ kzcq]amb {_n \npw
Rm `n\.
12. kzssbh kqvabm _p[ymkhw
hnmXhmipIx I
kzbw {]m]vtX ]tchkvXp\y hn{im a\mx
nXxI
13. CZw hkvXznXn hnizmkw \mkmhm
\yp]mb I
bu tIhew hnccmamky tNtXm hnjb
Nm]ew I
t`mtKt`ym `qcn `wtKt`ym [mcm`y Ch
NmXIx I
14. GIZmftkm ae {]tm tacm thIm
kwnXx I
]{] ]nXcw `ym IrjvWssZz]mbm\w
ap\nw I
15. kwkmcUw_canZw IYa`ypnXw apt\ I
IYw N {]{iaw bmXn Inw bXv Iky
IZmN\ I
{ioipI Xs kqv a _pnbm CsXmw
a\nemn kzbw e`n ]cam XXzn Atlw
eo\Nn\mbn. lrZbn CXpXsbmWv hkvXp
F ]cam t_m[hpw CXn \npw `nambn
asmns hnizmkhpw Dmbn. [mcmfw ag InnbXn
\m ktmjn NmXIns at\mhymIpeX AIe
mIpXpt]mse ipItZmhs a\v hn`nt`mK
sImp `qhmb Nm]eyn \npw apambn. Aae
{]\mb ipI almt]cp]hXn GImamb
`mKp Xt]m\njvTbnencnp ]nXmhmb IrjvW
ssZz ]mb\ ap\ntbmSv tNmZnp:""almapt\, Cu
kkmcmUw_cns D`hw Fs\bmWv ? CXv
FmWv hnebw {]m]nmXv? CsXmWv? BcpsS
XmWv? CXv Ftm Dmbn. CsXmw F\nv ]dp
XctW''
16. Ghw ]rjvtS\ ap\n\mhymtk\mJn
eamtP I
bYmhZJnew t{]mw hhyw
hnZnXm\m I
17. Amknjw ]qhtahalanXyY XXv
]nXpx I
k ipI kzXbm _p[ym\ hmIyw _lp
a\ytX I
18. hymtkmf]n `Khm _pzm]p{Xm`n{]mbaoI
Zriyw {]XyphmN ]p\x]p{Xw\mlw Pm\man
X XzXxI
19. P\tIm \ma `q]mtem hnZytX anYnem
]ptcbYm I
hXv thku thZyw XkvamXv kh
ahym]vkyknI
20. hn{Im XyIv Xx ipIx {]mbmXv kptatcm
hkp[mXew I
hntZl\Kcnw {]m] P\tI\m`n]menXmw I
ip Is Pn mk Iv Bm\n bmb
hymk Fm Imcyfpw ]p{X\v ]dpsImSpp.
Fm ipI\mIs CsXmw X\nv t\cs
AdnbmhpXmsWv Nnnp. ]nXmhp ]dXn
A{Xsbmpw {inn. ]p{Xs `mhw a\nemnb
hymk Cs\ ]dp: ""Cu Imcyw Xz]cambn
Rm Adnbpn. \n\v Cu Imcyn Xmev]
cyapsn anYnem[n]Xnbmb P\IalmcmPmhns\
kao]npI. Atln\v Cu Imcyn Xmev ]
cyapsn anYnem[n]Xnbmb P\IalmcmPmhns\
kao]npI. Atln\v Cu Imcyn Xmev ]cy
apsn anYnem[n]Xnbmb P\IalmcmPmhns\
kao]npI. Atln\v Cu Imcyn ]cn]q
m\apv. \o B{Klnp Adnhv Atln
\nv Inpw.'' ]nXmhv ]dXptIv ipI almtacphn
\npw Xmsg Cdn P\IalmcmPmhns anYnem
\Kcnbnsen.
I K
N P
646
21. BthZntXmfku bmjvSossIP\Imb
almt\I
Zzmcn hymkkptXm cmP iptImf{X
nXhm\nXnI
22. Pnmkmw ipIkymkmhmkv Xm
tathXy hI
mbm Dzm _`qh P\IkvXpjvWow
k]v XZn\m\yY I
23. XXx {]thibmamk P\Ix ipIatW I
X{Xmlm\n k kv]ssXh XssYhmhk
Zpm\mx I
24. XXx {]thibmamk P\tImx]qcmPntc I
cmPm \ ZriytX XmhZnXn kv]vX Zn\m\nXw
25. Xt{Xm Pzem`nx Im`nt`mPss\x t`mK
kssbx I
P\tImemfbmamkipIw iin \n`m\\w I
26. tX t`mKm kv Xm\n t`mPym\nhymk ]p{Xky
Xmn\x I
\mPlmca]ht\m_]oTanhmNew. I
27. tIhew kpkvax kztm au\o apZnX am\kxI
kq Ch ioXmwipcXnjv TZaex ipIx I
Zzmc]mem ipI hXmbdnv P\Ialmcm
Pmhnt\mSv ]dp. ""cmP hymkap\nbpsS ]p{X\mb
ipItZh sImmchmXp \npp.'' CXp tIv
P\I AhtbmsS ]dp. "" Atlw AhnsS
\ns''Ggp Znhkw Atlsn Hpw At\z
jnn. Fmw Znhkw sImmcaptp Wnp.
hopw Ggp Znhkw AtltmSv kwkmcnn. ]ns
A]pcnse aptv Wnp. Fm ]ns
bpw Ggp Znhkw P\I ipIs apn hn.
As\ Ccp]ncmw Znhkw P\I bphXnIfpw
kpcnIfpamb kv {XoItfmSpw hnhn[ t`mP\{Zhy
tfmSpIqSn ipIs\ bYmhn[n kcnp. ipI\v
Bt`mKhkvXpsfmpw BIjIfmbn tXmnbn.
Cfmn\v Dd ]hXs Cfm t]mXmbn.
Atlw hnImcclnX\pw {]k Nn\pambn kwKtZm
jclnX\mbn ]qN{s\tmse ip{` tXPtmsS
AhnsS ImWsp.
28. ]cnmXkz`mhwXw ipIw k
P\tIm \r]x I
B\ob apZnXmt\ ahtemIy \\ma l I
29. \ntjnX PKXv Imcyx {]m]vXmJne
at\mcYx I
Inao]vknXw XthXyl IrXkzmKX
Bl Xw I
30. kwkmcmUw_canZw IYa`ypnXw Kptcm I
IYw {]iaambmXn bYmhZv IYbmip ta I
ip\Is\ P\I Cs\ ]conpIbpw Xs
]cobn ]qambn hnPbnncnppshv a\n
empIbpw sNbv Xtm ASp hnfnv \akv Icnv
kuayambn ]dp: -"" Av AbpsS {]m]nI
hnjb Ahkm\nnncnpp.
Ctm Av khat\mcYfpw knnh\mbn
FmWm{Klsav ]dmepw."" ipI Adnbnp.
""Kpcphc, Cu kmwkvImcnI {]]w Fs\ Dm
Ipp? CsXs\ hnebw {]m]npp.? AXns\pdn
pff Imcy bYmh ]dbm ZbhpmIWw''.
31. bYmhZJnew t{]mw P\tI\ alm\mI
XtZhXXv ]pcmt{]mw Xky ]n{Xm
alm[nbm I
32. kzbtah abm ]qha`nPvRmXw hntijXxI
GXtZh ln ]rjv tS\ ]n{Xm ta
kapZmlrXw I
33. `hXmt]jy Ghmx IYntXm
hmKznZmw hc I
Gj Gh ln hmIym imkv t{Xjp
]cnZriytX I
34. at\m hnIev ] kwPmXw XZznIev]
]conbmXv I
obtX ZKv[ kwkmtcm\nmc
CXn\nnXx I
35. XXv Inta Xlm`mKkXyw {_qln
aam New I
Xztm hn{iaam]vt\mantNXkm {`aXm
PKXv I
AXv tIXn\ptijw almmhmb P\I ipI
t\mSp ]d Imcysfmw Xs Atlns
]nXmhpw ]cam\nbpamb hymk apt Xs
]dp Ignncpp. AXn\m ipI ]dp:""
CsXmw Rm kzbw a\nemnbhbmWv. A
F\nv ]dpXnpapv. Ap ]dXpw AtX
Imcy Xs. imkv{Xfpw CXp Xs DZvtLmjn
pp. am\knI kev ]m {]]tmXv]nbpw
B hn Iev ]n s \min { ]]\mihp w
kw`hnpp. {]]w kmclo\amWv. Atm Cu
hkv Xp FmWv? AsX\nv tht]mse ]dp
XcWw. Fs a\v {]m]nI hnjbfn {`anv
sRcppp. AbpsS D]tZimse AXn\v imn
e`nq''
I K
N P
647
36. irWpXmhZnZm\ow Xzw IYyam\anZw abm I
{ioipIw m\hnkvXmc _pn
kmcmcmcw I
37. bZznm\mXv ]pam ktZymPohp
Xzam]v\pbmXv I
38. Zriyw \mkv XoXnw t_mt[\a\tkm
ZriyamP\wI
kw]w tNXv XZpev]m]cm\nhmW
\nhrXn I
39. AtitjW ]cnXymtKymhmkm\mbmw
b Dax I
tam CXypNytX kZv`nx k Gh
hnae {Iax I
40. tb iphmk\m `ptbm \ Pm
`mKn\x I
mXtbmkvX DNytPohpm
alm[nbx I
41. ]Zm`mh\mZmVyw _ CXy`n
[obtX
hmk\mXm\hw {_tam
CXy`n [obtX. I
{ioipIs A`y\ tIv P\I ]dp:
C\n Rm Abv v m\sn hnkv Xcnv
]dp Xcmw. Cu m\w Fm m\amWv. Cu
m\fpsSbpw kmchpw kh clkyhpamWv. Cu
m\w e`nph AXnthKw apn {]m]npp.
m\e_v[ntbmsS Zriy{]]w {_aamsWdnbpp.
a\v ipamIpp. \nhmWabamb imn Xpew
e`npp. GsXmcp XymKw sImmtWm hmk\I
]qambpw Ahkm\npXv AXmWv ]cahpw
t{ijv Thpamb XymKw. Cu Ahbv v hnZzmm
tamw Fp ]dbpp. ipamb Ima\ItfmSpw
Aiq\yamb PohnXtmSp IqSn BcmtWm
Adntb XXz \t]mse AdnnpffXv Ah
XsbmWv Pohp. ]Zm `mh\m ZmVyamWv
_\w hmk\m\i\w Xs tamw.
42. X] {]`pXn\mbkv ssatlXpss\h
hn\m ]p\x
t`mKm Cl\ tcmNt k Pohp DNytX
44. ljmaj`bt{Im[ImaImWy ZrjvSn`nx
\ ]cmariytX tbmfx k
Pohp DNytX
45. Almcabow Xyzmhmk\mw
eoessbhbm bx
Xnjv TXn t[yb kwXymKo k
Pohp DNytX
46. Cu]vkoXm\o]vkotX \ kvtXmbkym
hrnZrjv Sp
kpjp]vXnhZycXn k Pohp DNytX
47. A[ymcXncmko\x ]qx ]mh\ am\kx
{]m]vXm\pa hn{imn\
InnnlhmRv OXn
tbm PohXn KXkv t\lxk
Pohp DNytX
kzm`nhnIambns X]p apXemb km[\I
IqSmsX {]m]nIt`mKkpJfn hnc\mbh\mWv
Pohp. XmmenI kpJtam ZpxJtam GXm
bmepw AXn Bk\mImsX kpJn kwXr
]v Xt\m ZpxJn hymIpet\m BImh\mWv
Pohp. As\bpffh Imat{Im[ lj
timImZn hnImcfn \nv apcmbn Almcw
AIemIpp. Nnw kZm AapJ Zrjv SntbmSp
IqSn Ima\mclnX\mbn Hcp hkvXphnepw Xmev]cytam
shdptmqSmsX kpjp]v Xnp kaamb Ahbnen
cnph\mWv Pohp ipa\tmSpw Beo\
NntmSpw {]im\mbn Ignbph\pw B{Kltam
Bkntbm Cmh\pw Ftmgpw DZmko\\pam
bh\mWv Pohp.
48. kwthtZy\ lrZmImti a\mK]n \ en]ytX
bkymkmh PUm kwhnXmk Pohap
DNytX
49. cmK tZzju kpJw [m[u ^em ^te
bx ItcmXy\ t]ssyhk Pohp
DNytX
50. au\hm \nclw`mthm \nmt\m ap
ac
bx ItcmXn KtXmtZzKx k Pohp DNytX
51. kh{X hnKXkvt\tlm bx
kmnhZhnXx
\ncntm htX Imcy k Pohp
DNytX
52. tb\ [a[w N at\m a\\ aolnXw I
khax ]cnXyw k Pohp DNytXI
53. bmhXoZriyIe\mkItebw hntemIytX I
kmtb\ kpjvTpkwXym k Pohpm
DNytXI
54. ISzehWw XnaarjvSw arjvT tahNm I
katah N tbm `pMvtk
Pohp, DNytX I
I K
N P
648
55. PcmacWam]ncmPyw Zmcn{Ztah N
cayantXyh tbm `pMv twk
Pohp, DNytX
56. [m[u kpJw ZpxJwXYm acW P\oI
[nbmtb\ \y kwXywk Pohp
DNytX I
57. DtZzKm\ clnXxkabm kzbm [nbm I
\ timNXn \ tNmtZXn k Pohp
DNytX I
58. kthmx kIemx imx XYm kh
\nbmx
[nbm tb\ ]cnXymx k Pohp DNytX
59. PnXnhn\mtijptkmZbm
kv Xatbjv T N
katah at\m bky k Pohp DNytX
60. \ In\ tZzjvSn XYm \ Inn
Z]nImw Xn
`pMv tb {]IrXm t`mKmk Pohp
DNytX
61. imkwkmc Ie\xIemhm\]n
\njvIfx bx
k Nntmf]n \nnk Pohp
DNytX
62. bx kakvXm Pmtejphyhlmc]n
\nkv ]rlx
]cmtjzn h ]qmm k Pohp
DNytX.
Hcp Imcynepw lyZbn BknbnmsX
tNX\okwhnXv kzcq]\mb \na {]IrXnbmWv
Pohp. Hcp Imcynepw ^emt]IqSmsXbpw
cmKtZzj clnX\mbpw \ntc\mbpw [m[
fn \nen]vX\mbh\pamWv Pohp. am\a
cmZnI shSnv AlwImcw XyPnv hnImchnap
\mbn DtZzKclnX\mbn I \ncX\mbnpffh\mWv
Pohp. tamclnX\pw kmnsbtmWw
PohnXw \bnph\pw ^emt]IqSmsX Iw
sNph\mWv Pohp. [m. [sfbpw
{]m]nI hnjbsfbpw ]nbpff Nn shSn
h\mWv Pohp. Cu hnimeamb {]]s
]cn]qambpw XyPnh\t{X Pohp. ]qfnv,
Ibv]v , a[pcw, Dv Fo ckbpfmb ]Zmsf
AhbpsS kzmZns\n NnnmsX kzmZmkzmZNn
IqSmsX kIe ]Zmfpw Hpt]mse IcpXn
Blmcw Ignph\mWv Pohp. hmIyw,
acWw B]v, sFizcw, Zmcn{Zw Fo hn`n ZiIfn
Fm ]cnnXnIfnepw kpjv TNn\mbnpffh
\mWv Pohp. [m[fnepw kpJ ZpxJ
fnepw P\\acWfnepw ktmjtam hnjmZtam
{ ]ISnn mh\mWv Pohp . DtZz Km\
clnX\mbn timIljmZnIfn ka_pnbmbn kzNn
tmSp IqSnbncnph\mWv Pohp. kIe
hn[nepff CIsfbpw kwibsfbpw Ima\I
sfbpw \nbsfbpw ]qambn ]cnXyPnh\mWv
Pohp. krjvSn, nXn, ebw, Cu AhIfnepw
DXn, Ah\Xn Fnhbnepw kam\Nn\mWv
Pohp. Innb kpJw am{Xw A\p`hnph\pw,
BImwmclnX\pw Hnepw Cujytbm tZzjtam
Cmh\p amWv Po hp . Xembp tam
IemclnXtam PohnXw GXphn[ambmepw {]m]nIhn
jbNnI ssIshSnh\mWv PohpIv X.
Xembptam IemclnXtam PohnXw GXphn[ambmepw
{ ]m]n Ihn jbNn I ssIshSn h\mWv
Pohp. {]nse kIe [\hpw Npp]mSpap
snepw Ahsb ]c[\sat]mse IcpXn \nkv]rl
\mbn Ign bp h\mWv Pohp Bmhn
]qXzm\p`qXn Dsmffp almmhmWv Pohp
Bmhn ]qXzm\p`qXn Dsmffp
almmhmWv Pohp.
63. Pohp ]Zw Xypzm kztZtl Ime
kmXv IrtX
hnapNy tZl apXzw ]ht\mfkv ]Xmanh
B alm icocw ImekmXvIcnv Pohp ]Zw
XyPnv \ne ]h\s\tmse tZlpmhkv Ysb
{]m]npp.
64. hntZl aptmt\mtZXm\mkvXtaXn
\ imayXn I
\ kmk Zqctm \ Nmlw \ N
t\ Xcx
hntZlapmhbn DXntbmAh\Xntbm
ia\tam C. Ahs Ah kXv AkXv Fnh
bvpw AXoXamWv . Ah Zqc\ Ah\n Alw`m
htam ]cm`htam C.
65. XXx cnXXnX Kw`ocw \ tXtPm \
Xakv XXw
A\mJya\`n hyw kXv Inn
Zh injytX I
hntZlmhbn Kmw`ocyhpw kvX_v [Xbpw \ne
sImffpp. AhnsS tXPtm Xatm C. A`nhy
amImXpw A\nhN\obhpamb kpam{XamWhnsS.
I K
N P
649
66. \ iq\yw \m]n NmImtcm \ Zriyw \m]n
Zi\w I
\ N `qX ]ZmuL kZ\Xbm
nXw I
67. Ina\y{Xb]tZimm ]qmXv
]qXcm IrXnxI
\ kmk kZk `mthm `mh\w \ N I
68. Nnm{Xw ssNXyclnXa\aPcw inhw
A\mZn a[y]cyw bZ\mZn \ncmabw I
69. {Zjv Sp Zi\ Zriym\mw at[ybi\w
kvarXw
XmXx ]cXcw Innntbm
kv Xy]tcm apt\
70. kzbtah Xzbm mXw KpcpX
]p\x {ipXw
kz kev]himZv _tm\nxkev]m
ZznapNytX
71. tX\ kzbw Xzbm mXw tbw
bkyalm\x
t`mtKt`ym lycXnPmXZriymZzm
kIemZnl
72. {]m]vXw {]m]vXhyaJnew `hXm ]q
tNXkm
kzcqt] X]kn {_ apkvXzw
{`mnarP
73. AXn_mlyw XYm_mly acm`ycw [nbx
ipI ]iy ]tiykvXzw kmo
kqtIhexI
Hcp Xcnepff BImchpw AXn\n. AXv
iq\ytam AZriytam A. Zriyhpa. `qXm\n ]mZm
kaql lo\hpw. k{Zq]amb A\n nXn
sNpXpamWv . hnNn{X kXzmIamb AXns\
hnm\mhnym AXns BIrXn ]qsm
]qamWv.
AXv knepw Aknepw s]Spn. kwtbm
KmXoXhpw `mh\mXoXhqamWv. Nn clnXw, A\w,
tNX\mam{Xw hnizcq]w PcmclnXw IeymW Imcn
BZna[ym clnXw Cu hn[samapffXmWXv. AXv
khtZmjhn\nphpw A\mZnbpamWv . {Zpjv Sp
Zi\ Zriy cq]n AXv tIhew Zi\ cq]sav
]dbsSpp. ipI, CXns\n C{Xtb ]dbm\pffp.
Abvv Cu XXzw Adnbmatm. kev ]m Poh
_\n s]Spp shp w ]nXmhn \npw
a\nemnbnptm. k\v {]m]nIamb
Zriy{]]tmSv hncn tXmm\nSsImSpp XXzw
Av kzbw a\nemnbnptm. ]qssNX\yw
t\Sn Av thXp t\Sngnp. {`aw Dt]nmepw
Xt]mcq]n AhnX\mWv . Av AXn\m
ap\mWv Av _mlym`yc Zriy Inpw
ImWpn. Fsm Av ssIheymhbn
tIhe kmn cq]n \nesmffpp.
74. hni{ima ipIkv XpjvWow kzt
]cahkv Xp\n
hoXtimI `bmbmtkm \ncolx On
kwibx
75. PKma ioJcw tatcmx kam[ya
JJWv UnXw
76. XXz hj kl{kmW \nhnIev]
kam[n\m
tZimnXzm iimamkmhm\y
kvt\l Zo]hX.v
77. hy]KX Ie\mIf ipx I
kzbaaem\n ]mht\ ]tZfku I
keoeIW Chmw _p [u amlmm
hnKfnXhmk\taIXmw PKma I
{ioipI P\Is Cu D]tZi tIv timI`b
kwib {iasfmpw IqSmsX Imalo\\mbn ]caXz
cqamb Bmhn nXn sNbvXv almtacp ]hXn
tev t]mbn. BtZiamb AhnsS Atlw Bbncw
hjwXmaknp. \nhnIev]kam[naptJ\]caKXn
{]m]np. shffpffnI ISen ebnv ISembno
cpXpt]mse ipItZh\pw kev ] tZmjhn\nap
\mbn ipkzcq\mbn hmk\mclnX\mbn ]cammhp
ambn ebnp tNp.
aqma[ymbw
1. \nZmtLm \ma ap\ncmSv {]m]v X hnZy
_meIx hn lr Xkv Xo bm{ Xmw
]n{Xm\pmXhm kzbw.
2. km[{ Xn tImSn XotXz jp kv \mXz m
Krlap]mKXx tkzmZw IYbmamk E`pw \Xzm
almibmx
sNdpnte hnZyIsfmw A`yknp \nZmL
F ap\nt{ijvT ]nXmhns A\phmn Xom
S\n\v ]pdsp Cu bm{Xbn Atlw aqctmSn
Xofn kv\m\w sNbvXncpp.]ns Krlnte
p aSn ]nXmhmb E`yaljntbmSv Xs XomS\
IY hnhcnp.
I K
N P
650
3. km[ {XntImSnXotbp kv\m\ ]pWy
{]`mhXxI
{]m`p`qtXm a\kntahnNmcx
tkmfbao Zriyw
4. PmbtX {anbtX temtIm {]nbtX
P\\mb N I
Ancmxkh Gthta kNcmNc
tNjvSnXmx I
5. khmhZmw ]Zw ]m]m `mhm hn`h`qabx I
AbxiemImkZrim ]ckv ]cakwKn\x I
injyt tIhem `mhm a\xIev]
\bmf\bm I
A, Rm aqctmSn Xofn kv \m\w
sNbvXp Cu PKv DmIpp. \inpp.At\I Xo
fn kv \m\w sNbvX Fs a\n Cu Nn
Dmbn. DmIm\mbnmWv \inpXv. CcppInI
AImWncnpsXnepw ImtmSSpptm
ASppp.
6. `mthjzcXncmbmXm ]Yn Ikyacpjznh imay
XoZw IYw ZpxJanXn X]vtXm kvan tNXkm
7. Nnm\nNb N{ImWn \m\w b [\m\n ta
k{]kqXIf{XmWn KrlmWyw {Km]Zm hnh
8. Cbakv an ntXm Zmcm
kwkmtc]cnt]ehm I
{in apt\ ]cntamlmb tkmf]n ss\h\
iZm I
9. Bbpx ]h tImWm{K ew_mw_p
W`wKpcw I
D Ch kwXyPybmXyImWvtU
icocIw I
10. hnjbmio hnjmkwK ]cnPPctNXkmw I
A{]uVm hnthIm\ambpcmbmk
ImcWw. I
kcnp hyn acq`qanbnseptXmsS
Xfcpp. AXpt]mse kmwkmcnIX Ip AXn Rm
hnc\mbn. Cu ZpxJn \nv Fs\ tamN\w
Inpsa NnbnemWv Rm. [\mIhymtaml
P\sf hebv pp. Cu [\ F\np kpJw
\Im t]mX.`mcym]p{XmZnI ZpxJtlXp
fmWv. evao tZhnbpw _pnamyw DmphfmWv.
[\w Bpw kpJw \IpIbn. Ceppff
Pe_np t]mse a\pjys PohnXw W`wKpc
amWv. AXpsImpXsbmWv Rm AsXmw hnv
Ds\tmse bm{X XncnXv. hnjbkpJamIp
km _nsv Poa\pIv B
t_m[w Dmm sRcpw. AhcpsS PohnXw
tiImcWambn `hnpp.
11. bpPytX thjv \w hmtbm cmImiky N
JWv U\w
{KlWw N XwKmWmhmm\mbpjnbp
PytX
12. {]m]yw kw{]m]vtXy tb\`qtbm tb\ \
timNytX
]cmbx \nhrtX m\wbolX
apNytX
13. Xcthm ]n ln PohnPohn arK
]nWk
PohXnat\mbkya\t\m Pohn.
14. PmXmkvX Gh PKXnPhx km[p PohnXm
tb ]p\ t\l Pmbttihm Pcw K`mx
15. `mtcmhnthIn\ximkv {Xw`mtcm m\w
NcmKnWx
Aimkyat\m `mcxZmtcm\m hnZmw h]px
16. Alwmc himZm ]Zlmcmpcm[bx
Alwmc himZolm\mmcmXv]tcmcn]px
17. CXt X kphy{Kwhy tahm
`n[mhXn
at\mZqcXcw bmXm{Kmta IutebtXmbYm
19. {IqtcW P\Xmw bmXmXrjvWm `mcy\p
Kman\m
himw Iuteb tIt\h{_
`ptmkvantNXkm
20. A]n kmKc]m\Xv NkptaczmtcmlWm Z]n
Ahnhyi\mXv {_hnjan
\n{Klx
Xkvan otW PKXv oWwXXv
NnInyw{]bXmX!
hmbphns\ NpcppXpw BImiw IjWamp
Xpw kap{ZXcwK sInsbmXppXpw km[n
tmw. Fmepw PohnXn B hlnm
F\nv {]bmkamWv . PohnXw Fm {]Imcnepw
sRcpw \IpXmWv. PacWN{In InSv
sRcm\n ShcmXn s Pohn XamWv t{ijv Tw.
Bhm NpaSp Nphp hb IgpXbpsS amWv
]ecpsSbpw Pohn Xw. m\nv imkv { Xw `mc-
amWv.Bm\lo\\v PohnXw Xs `mcamIpp.
AlmcamWv . kIe ZpxJn\pw ImcWw. AXv
B]v hcpnopw. a\pjys Ghpw henb
I K
N P
651
i{XphmWXv AlwImcw \nanw Rm ]e hn[
t`mKfnep w s]p AsXms anYybmbncpp.
Almcw \nanw Rm ]e hn[ t`mKfnepw s]p
AsXms anYybmbncpp. AlmccmlnXyamWv
PohnXns kmIX. {Kma tXmdpw Aep
Xncnbp ]nsbtmse ]ecpw t`mK tXSn
Aebpp. almtacp ]hXw ]ngpXpampXnepw
kap{ZPeamsI IpSnp hnpXnepw {]bmkamWv
a\n s\ \n b{ n p IsbXv An Ip Sn p I
FfpamWv; ]t Nn \n{Klw {]bmkamWv. a\v
_mlym`ymcfn Dgep p. Pm{ KXv kz ]v \
kpjp]v XymIamb PohnXw t{ijvTamm {ianWw.
a\ns\ \nb{npIbmWv AXn\v {][m\ambpw
Bhiyw.
22. bmw bmalw ap\nt{ijvT kw{ibman
KpW{inbw
Xmw Xmw IrXnta XrjvWmX{n anh
IpaqjnIm
23. ]Zw ItcmXyewt^y ]nXr]vtX
]n^eaohmtX
Nncw XnjvTXn ss\I{XXrjvWm N]e
aSo
24. WambXn ]mXmfw Ww bmXn
\`ew
Ww {`aXn ZnpRvtP XrjvWm lrXv
NjSv ]Zw
25. khkwkmc ZpxJm\mwXrjvssWh ZoL
ZpxZm\mwAx]pca]nbmtbmPb
XyXnktS
26. Xrjv WmXn jNnIm a{nm XymtKm
kZznP
kvtXmtI \m\ ambmXnkvtXmtXm
tX\mbmXn tJZmXmw
27. kmkv Xn tZh kax timtNym \ \otNm KpW
hnX
28. Itfhc almcKrlky almKrlw.
EtXz taXp hm sscyw Inat\\ Kpcu aa.
29. ]wn _t{nb ]ipwhevKXrjvWm
KrlmWw Nn `rXy P\mIowt\jvSw
tZl Krlw aa
30. Pnlzm aSnIm {ImhZ\Zzmc `njWw
ZrjvT Zmn Ie\wt\jvTw tZl
Krlw aa
apt\, sImffcpXm Fen hoWbpsS In apdnp
IfbpXpt]mse XrjvW Fs t{ijv T KpWsf
apdnp IfbpIbmWv . Cu Xrjv W Nebmb Hcp
s]Ipcp t]msebmWv AXptIdn ieyapmm
ean. AXv HcnSw Ignm asmv Cs\
NmSnmSn \Spp. AXv Nnetm BImin
Npndpsan Nnetm ]mXmfn Idpp.
]ns hn`n ZniIfnepw ]mbpp. temIn Ghpw
ieyapmpXv XrjvWbmWv . layfn kpJnp
Ignbphscbpw AXv Xmsg Xffnhnjannpp.
XrjvW Hcp almamcnbmsWpw ]dbmw. Nn Hcpanp
\nm Ignm kpJw t\Smw. Nn ZpxJIcamWv .
Cu tZlstmse Xpambnsmn. Almcsa
Krl `cnp hoSmWv Cu tZlw. Cu tZlw
Gsdmew \ne\ns. DS Xs \ins. F\nv
B Imcyn Nnbn. \mmIp s]Ipcv
ISm{Ianp Cu hmbv `oIcw Xs. ]pIfIp
An Xnnb Cu tZlamIp Krlw F\nv
lrZya.
31. camwkabkymky_mlym`ymtc apt\
\mssiI [ntWm {_plnssIh
ImbkycayXm
32. XSnp icZt{`jvTKhw \Ktcjv Tp N
sscyw tb\ hn\iynk hnizkn Xp
hn{Ktl
33. ssiith KpcptX `XnamXrXx ]nXrXYm
P\tXm tPyjv S hmemssihw `bancw
34. kz Nn _ne kwt\\m\m hn{`a
ImcnWm
_emXv Ima]nimtN\hnhi ]cn`qbtX
35. Zmkmx ]p{Xm kv{Xosb ssh_m hmx
kplrXkv XYm
lk yp ahnh\cw _m[IInXw
36. ssZ\ytZmjabo ZoLmhtX hmtI
kv ]rlm
kh]ZmtaI kJolrZn Zml{]Zmbn\o
37. IzNnZzm hnZytX tbjmwkwkmtc kpJ `m
th\BlpxkvXw `anhmkmZrImekvXma]n
IrXn
38. XrWw ]mwkpw atl{xNkphw tacp
kjhw
B`ocpXbm kham kmXv
IpapZyXx
Imtem bw khkwlmcotX\m{Imw
PK{Xbw
Cs\bpff tZlamIp Krlw F\nv \mbn
tXmpn. Cu tZlw AIpw ]pdpw amwk
I K
N P
652
cabamWv. Cu \mihmb tZln kucysa
hnsS? an NeXbpw Kh\Kcnbn N]eXbpw
Csn am{Xw Cu icocns ncXbn hnizm
kanpI. icocnse aqhIfpw `b{]ZamWv.
Ipnmen henbhcn \npw amXm]nXmmcn
\npw `bw; bu\n Xs Dffn Xsbpff
ImaamIp ]nimNn \nv `bw; hmIyn
Zp_e\mbn hndbv p kv {XoIfpsSbpw _p,
an{X, ]p{Xm, ]p{XnI, them kIecpsSbpw
]cnlmkn\v ]m{XamIpp. IgnhptISp hcptm
B{ Kl IqSpp. hmIyw kIecp sSbp w
B]pIpw ImcWamWv. a\pjy tXSp kpJw
FhnsSbmWv? Ime PohnIsf ]pns\mw Acnbpp.
Imen\v atl{ ]Xs IpSpm\pw ISpIv
almtacp hmm\pw Icppv . AXp kIeXpw
XIpp. As\bpff Imew aqptemInepw
hym]nncnpp.
39. amwk ]mmen ImbmkvXpa{temew
K]Rv Ptc
kv\mbzn{Kn imekym; kv{Xnbx
Inan]tim`\m
40. XzMv amwkc _mjv]mw_p]rYIv IrXzm
hntemNt\
kamtemIb cayw tNXv Inw ap[m]cn
aplykn
41. tacpirwKw XtSmmkn KwKm Pectbm]am
Zrjv Smbkvan apt\ bpmlmctkym
maimenXm
42. ivaimt\jp ZnKtjvTk Gh ee\mkvX\x
iz`ncmkzmPytX ImteeLp]nWv Uan
hmkx
43. tIi km hn[mcntWym Zpkv]item
N\{]nbm
Zpjv IrXm ninJm \mtcymZln XrW
hcw
44. PzeXmaXn Zptc ]mkckm A]n \ockm
kv{Xotbm ln\cImo\mhn\w
tZmjImcIw.
45. Ima\mav \m IncmtX\hnIomxapKv[tN
Xkx\mtIym \chnlwKm\mawK_\
hmKpcmx
46. P ]ev]eam\mw Nn Ia NmcnWmw
]pwkmw Zphmk\m cq\mco
_ni]nWv UoIm
47. kthjmw tZmjcXv\m\mkpa
apZv KnIb\mbm
ZpxJ iywJebm\nXyaeakvXp aa kv{Xnbm
48. bky kv{Xn Xky t`mtKm\nkv {XoI
kyIzt`mK`pw
kv {Xobw XyhXm \nXywPKXv Xyzm
kpJo`htX
tZlw b{wt]mse NeamWv. Anamwk
]nWvUamb kv {Xo icocn Fp kucyamWncn
pXv? Imcyambn HpanmXn tamlnpXn
sev Aw? kv {Xo, kptacp inJcn \nsmgp
Ip \Znt]mse NeamWv. ]ecpw tamlnp kv{Xo
icocw iv aim\n ]nI ISnp henpp.
tIi`wKnbpw ARvP\sagpXnb IpIfpsS `wKnbpw
{]nbwIcambn tXmmw, ]t Ahkm\w AsXmw
hn[mhns ZpaqXnsbp ]dbmw. Ah \cImnbnse
C\Xpeysav ]dbmw. AhcpsS kckXbpw
\ockXbmbn ]cnWanpp. Ima\mb thImc
am\mIp ]pcpjs\ sInbnSm Xo IbdmWv kv{Xo,
a\mIp Nfnbn IpSpnb ]pcpj\mIp
ays ]nSnm ]nb hebmWv kv{Xo. Cu kap{Zw
kIetZmjfpamIp cXv \ \nnpp.
kv {XoI ASppffh AhcpsS hnemktNjvSIfn
IpSppp. kv {XoI ASpnmhv t`mKem
ekn Inpn.
kv {Xosb XyPnm Ignh\v temsI XyPnm
Ignbpw kmwkvImcnI kpJw XyPnh\mWv kpJnam.
AXn\m ZpxJns B Ne s]mnsdntb
Xpv.
49. Zntim]n Xln ZriyttZtim ]y tkym
] tZiIrX
ssiem A]n hnfocytiocyt
XmcIm Ahn
50. ipjyn N kap{Zmep]yt {[ph XmcImx
knm A]nhn\iynPocyt Zm\hmZbx
51. ]ctajvSy]n \njvTmhm lnbtX lcnc]yPx
`thm ]y `mhambmXnPocytX N ZnKoizcmx
52. {_m hnjvWp cp{Zkhmhm
`qb PmXb
\mitahm\p `qbtkenem\oh _mUhw
53. B]Zx WambnWambmn kZx
Ww PmYacWw khw \izctahXXv
54. AiqtcW lXm icmGtX\ ]n iXw lXx
hnjw hnjb sshjayw\ hnjw hnj apNytX
I K
N P
653
55. PmcLv\m hnjbmGIPlcw hnjw
CXn ta tZmj Zmhmn ZKt
kw{]Xn tNXkn
56. kv^pcn ln \ t`mKmZv arK
Xrjv Wm kcxkz]n
AtXm amw t_m[bmipXzw XXzmt\\
sshKptcm
57. t\m tN\w kamb \nmt\m
KX acx
`mhb a\km hnjv Wpw en]n
ImntXm]ax
Cu PKv \mihmWv . CXv AZriyamIptm
ZpIfpw ImWsSn. tZi Imen\pffn
Bgpp. ]hX XIcpp. \{X Nnn
nXdpp. kap{Zw hpp;{[ph\{Xhpw ep]v Xam
Ip p . Zm\hmcp w kn mcp w \miaSbp p .
APmhmb hnjvWphpw Nncmbnbmb {_mhpw
IqSn cp{Z\pw Pew _Uhmn eyamn hnebw
{ ]m]n p kIeXp w hn \min \p t\v
]mSppp. B Ln kIe `mhfpw B
`mhfmbn ]cnWanpp. B]pI IqSpp;
kIe ssh`hfpw ep]v Xampp. Wn
Phpw Wn arXyphpw hpIqSpp. Cu
PKsmw \inpXmWv . `ocp iqcmsc
\innpw. Hcph Xs At\Iw t]sc sImsmSp
pp. Cs\ kIe Znnepw {]bmkw ]cpp.
hnjbm`nemjamIp hnjw Gsd \miw hnXbvpp.
Fs Nnw tZmjamIp ImpXobm Incnp
Fmepw arKacoNnIbmIp XSmIn \npIbm
sWnepw Rm t`mKm`nfmjn \nv AIsebmWv .
Kptcm, F\nv Av XXzm\w \IpI. Asn
Rm A`nam\acmZnI ssIhnv au\nbmbn `Khms\
kv acnp Ignbs.
NXptmymbw
1. \nZmL Xh\mkvX\yXv tbw
m\hXmw hc
{]bmXzw hnPm\mkn Cuizcm\p
KrloXbm
2. Nnamen\y kwPmXwamPbman {`aw apt\
tamZzmtc Zzmc]memXzmcx ]cn
IonXmx
itam hnNmcx ktmjXpm km[p
kwKax
3. Ghw hm khbXv t\\khaprPy
kw{itbXv
GIkv an hitKbmn NXzmtcm hn
]iwKXmx
4. imkv ss{Xx k\ kwk ]qhssI
Xt]mZssax BZu kwkmc apyw
{]PRmtahm`nhtbXv
5. kzm\p`qtX imkv{Xky Kptcm
sssshI, hmIyXm
bkym`ymtk\ tX\mm kXXw Nmh
temIytX
6. kev ]mip km\ hP\w tNXv
{]XnWw
Itcmjn XZNnXzw {]m]vX
Ghmkn ]mh\w
7. tNXtkm bZIrXzw XXv kmam[m\
aocnXw
XtZh tIheo`mh km ip`m \nhrXnx]cm
8. tNXkmkw ]cnXyPy kh `mhm
`mh\mw
bYm Xnjv Tkn Xnjv TXzw aqIm
_[ntcm ]ax
9. khw {]imaPtaIa\mZna[y
am `mkzc kzZ\am{Xa ssNX\yNnw
kh{]imanXn i_vZabo N ZrjvSn
t_m[mtah ln apss[h XtZmanXoZw
10. khw InwNnZnZw Zriyw ZriytX
tNZv PKZv KXw
Nnnjv]mw i am{Xw Xm\yZkv XoXn
`mhb
11. \nXy {]_pNnkvXzw Iph hm]n
PKXv {Inbmw
BssIXzw hnZnXzm Xzw XnjvTp_v[
kap{ZhXv .
\nZmLs Cu hmptIv Ahs ]nXmhmb
Ejnhc E`p ]dp:- ""]p{X \o m\nIfn
t{ijvT\mWv. C\n \n\v AdntbXmbnsmpan.
Cuizc Ir]bm kzbw \o AdnsbsXmw Adnp.
Fnepw Nnnepmb aen\XbpsS {`aw Rm
AIncmw iaw Nn, B\w, kwKw Ch\m
epamWv. tamZzmcns Imhm. AXnsemv
himnbm _mnbm _mnbpffsXmw
hiambnsmffpw.
PKXv ]min \nv apvX\mIm\pff B{Kl
apff ]w A[yb\w X]v, Zaw, kwKw Chbm
{]sb hfpI. imkv{Xm`ymkw Kpcp]tZiw
I K
N P
654
\nccm`ymkw. Chbm BNn\w km[yamIpw.
ZrVkev ]apff ]w ssIhey{]m]v Xn kpe`amWv.
Nnns AIrXzw XsbmWv Nnhrn
\ntcm[w { ]m]n I hkv Xpfnse B`mh\
ssIhnSWw. {]m]nI kpJfpsS t\v aqI\pw,
A\pw, _[nc\pamIpI. i_v ZIamb bpn
NnsImv ^ean. {]WhamWv ]caamb km[Iw .
Nn v ]\n s { ]Xn `mkn s kIeXp w
NnamWv kIeXpw NnamW kIen\pw B[mcw.
kmwkv ImcnI Ifn Dsmepw {]_pamb
tNX\tbmsS Bmhns GIo`mhn\pXIp
PmRm\w t\SpI. almkmKcns\mw Ap_v[Nn
\mIpI.
12. XXzm t_m[tahmku hmk\m XrW ]mhIx
t{]mwkam[ni_v tZ\,hXpXqjv Woa
hnXnx
13. \ncnt kwntX cXvt\ bYm temIx
{]htX
kmamt{X ]tc XtXz XssYhmbw
PKZv KWx
14. AXm\n IrXzw AIrXzw N
sshapt\ \ncnXzIm kuIm
kn[nam{XXx
15. tX tZz {_mWn hntXIrXm
IrtX apt\
bss{Xh sshj NaXvmckvXam{inXy
ntcm`h
16. XkvamnXyaImlanXn`mh\tbbm
]camarX\mav \o km kassXhmh injytX
17. \nZmL {irWpkXztm PmXm
Zphn alm KptWmx
tX \nXytahm`ypZnXm apZnXmx N Cthhx
Bm\w t`mKm`nemjamIp ]pv In
sbcnbnp AnbmWv. AXpXs kam[n. shdpsX
au\ambncpm kam[nbmhn. cXv\w InSpXp
Im Bmbmepw AXn\pt\v Xmev ]cyw
DmIpw. AXp t]mse ]cmXXz n \p t\pw
hnizsamw BIrjv Sambncnpw. Bmhn I-
rXzhpw AIrXzhpwapv. Ima\bnm ]w
Bmhv AImhmWv , kn[nbm ImhmIpp.
{_n IrXznsbpw AIrXznsbpw
D]e_v [nbpv .""Rm Fp w AImhmWv ''.
A\s `mh\bnmbm ]camarXsa Ah
bpmIpp. kXzKpWtmSp tNh\mWv. KpW
hm. Ah BImi\mb N{s\tmWw ljn
X\mIpp. DXnioe\mbn `hnpp.
18. \m]Zn m\nambn \nintlaw _pPw bYm
t\lt {]IrXmZ\y{`at injvSh\n
19. BIrssXyh hncmPt ssa{XymZn
KpW hrn`nx
kamx kackmx kuaykXXw
km[p hrbx
20. A_v[nhXacymZ `hn hniZmibmx
\nbXnw \ hnapnalmtm `mkvIcm Ch
21. tIm lw IYanZw tNXnkwkmc ae amXXw
{]hnNmcyw {]btX\\ {]mt\
klmhtkXv
{Zjv Shyx khkwlm\ arXypctl bm
23. icocan amwkw N Xyzm
cmZy tim`\w
`qXapmheoXpw Nnm{XahtemItbXv
24. D]mtZbm\p]X\wtlssbIm hnkP\w
btZX\tkm cq]w XZv_mlyw
hnn t\XcXv
25. Kpcpimkv t{Xm amtWkzm\p`qXym
NNnZv Lt\
{_ss hmlanXn mXzm hoX
timtIm`thp\nx
b{X \ninXmkn iX]mX\ apev]eXmU\
hXv tkmUhyw An Zmtlm lnatkN\ anh
AwKmcmhn\w N\ Nt\h \nch[n\mcm
N \n Ic ]mXm \nZmL hnt\mZ[mc. KrlioI
cW hjWan hkz in ctZx kp J\n t{ Zh
aqIoIcW am\\apss{Zh _m[ncyw alm\pNb
Ch \mh tl \bm `hnhyw Ghw ZrV sshcm
KymXv t_mt[m `hXn.
26. KpcphmIy kap{Z `qXkzm\p`qXymXn ipbm
bkym Zymtk tX\mmkXXw Nmh
temIytX
27. hn\jvSZnKv{`akym]nbYm]qhw
hn`mXn ZnYm
hnm\hn[zkv Xw PKmkvXoXn `mhb
28. \ [\m\yp] Iphn \ an{XmWn
\ _mhmx
\ Imbti ssh[pcyw \ Xombcm
\m{ibx
tIhew Xat\mam{Xa\t\mkmZytX ]Zw XXzm[n
jvTnX\mb hyn cm{XnbmIp hn]n kzm
acsbtmse IpWvTnXsSpIbn. X\nv kzm`mhnI
ambn InpXnemsX asmnepw Bi hlnm
I K
N P
655
h\pw imkv {Xm\rXamb Ncybn s]Sph\pw
ssa{Xn, IcpW, kpjvSn apXemb KpWw tNh
\pamb hynv am{Xta bYm k\ymknbmIm
Ignbq. kap{Zns\mw Kmw`ocytmsS kqcys\tm
se \nbX amn Ncnm Abmp Ignbpp.
{] krjv Snsbnbpw apw NnnWw. \ncI
Imcyfn s]SpItbm ZpjvSkwkw hlnpItbm
AcpXv. acWw kIeXns\bpw hngppsatmpI.
An amwkmI \izc tZln aaX AIpI.
\qen tIm PohPmesf kvacnpI. tlbh
kv Xp ssIhnv D]mtZb hkvXp {KlnpI.
a\v, _mlyamWv; BcnIa, ""Alw {_mkvan
F XXztamv timImZnIsf XyPnpI. AZvt_mZ
apmbm \qdpIWn\v hm hoiepw Xmachfbpambn
A\p`hsSpw. Xobnenp Npmepw XWp shffn
hoW{]XoXntb DmIq. Xo\ icocn hogp
Xpw N\te]\hpambn A\p`hsSpw aqtbdnb
_mW hjnse agpffnIv kam\am
bncnpw. Xe shnsbSppXpw im\n{Zv Xpey
ambn A\p`hsSpw. aqI\mIpXv au\tmsSm
amIpw; sNhn tImXmIpXv imn {]ZamIpw.
sshcmKym am{Xta As\sbmcp Ah ssIh
cpIbpffq. kZv Kpcphns D]tZiw ]npScpI;
am\knIamb ]hn{XX t\SpI. As\bmIptm
B kmmXvmcw e`npw. ZnKv {`aapmbmepw
icnbmb Znimm\w e`npw. [\nt\m an{X
tm _ptm ]p{X]cnhmcmZnItm a\pjy\v
bYm D]Imcw sNm\mhn. imcocnI tiw Dm
bnsv shtm Xo kv \m\mZnIfn apgpInsb-
XpsImtm a\pjy\v bYm em`w Dmhn. Nnm{X
e_v [ntb Ah\v imizXamb kpJw \IpIbpffq.
29. bm\n ZpxJm\n bm XrjvWm Zpxklm
tb Zpcm[bx
imtNXx kpXXvkhw Xtamtjp
Ch\iyXn
30. amXcoh ]cw bmn hnjamWn arZq\nN
hnizmk anl `qXm\n khmWn iaimen\n
31. \ ckmb\]mt\\ \ evaymenwK\n
tX\ N
\ XYm kpJam]v t\mXn ita\m
bYm P\x
32. {ipXzm kv]rjvSzm N `qzm N ZrjvSzm
mXzmip`m ip`w
\ lrjyXn mbXn bx k im
CXn IYytX
33. XpjmcIc_nw_mw at\m bky \ncmIpew
actWmhbptjvT k im CXn IYytX
34. X]kznjp _lptjp
bmPtIjp \rt]jp N
_ehp KpWmtVyjp iahmt\h cmPtX
35. ktmjmarX]mt\\ tb imm kvXr]vXn
amKmXmx
Bmcmam alm\kvtX alm ]Z amKXmx
36. A{]m]vXw ln ]cnXyPy kw{]m]vtX
kaXmw KXx
AZrjvS tJZ tJtZm [o bx kpjvS
CXn IYytX
37. \m`n\Xy kw{]m]vXw{]m]vXw kvtX\
`pvtX btY]vknXw
bx k kuaykamNmcx kpjvS
CXn XYytX
38. catX [ocyYm {]m]vtX km[zo hmfx
]pcmPntc
km Pohptm tZXn kzcq]m\ Zmb\ow
39. bYmWw bYmim{Xw bYmtZiw
bYm kpJw
bYm kw`hwKanaw tam]ZmIw
XmhZznNmctbXv {]mtm bmhZzn{imn
am\n
40. Xpcyhn{imnbpky\nhrky
`hmhmXv
PohtXmfPohXssh Krlkym
YhmbtX
41. \mIrtX\ IrtX\mtm \ {ipXn
kvarXn hn{`ssax
\nc Chmwt`m[n k XnjvTXn
bYm nXx
temIn GtXsXmw ZpxJfpw tifpw
ZpnIfpaptm Ahsbmw imNn\v kqcyInc
Wfn AImcsatmse \jv SamIpp. _me
Abn hnizmkanpXpt]mse ia {]IrXn
kIeXpw ]cammhn Anpp. imn e`nm
DmIp B\w Gsd ]Ww InnbXpsImtm
AarX]m\w Xs km[yambXpsImtm Dmhn.
ip`w tIv ktmjm[nIytam ZpxJhm tIv
hnjmZteitam DmImh\mWv im. N{s\mw
ioXfamb a\pffh\pw Dhtam bptam acWtam
Fmbmepw ]m] hnjmZmZnI tNcmh\pamWv
im. bmNImtcm X]kznItfm cmPmmtcm
h\hmknItfm BcpamIs iaamWv Ahsmw
tbmKyX \IpXv. ktmjmarXw ]m\w sNbvXv
imcmIphcmWv Bmcmacmb almm.
I K
N P
656
AhmWv ]ca]Zw InpXv. InnbXn Xr]v Xn
sSpI, InmXn \ncmitXmmXncnpI Fnepw
kwXr]vXn hlnpI Cs\bpffh\mWv bYm
n kpjvS. ]hn{XX Xs KrlmWn
Ignp IqSn X\npffXn B\w ImWphcmWv
Poh\apm, B kwXr]vXn e`npXp hsc
Ime tZimhIf\pkcnp; im{Xm\pIqeI
sNbv Xpw tamWamsn Nnnpw Ignp
IqSWw. Xpcobmhbnse hn{iaw e`nhcpw kwkmc
kap{Zn \npw \nhrcpambh Krlt\m
k\ymkntbm BIs. kmwkvmcnI _\fn
s]p Ign mep w Am\n ebn emsWn ep w
{ipXnkvarXnIfpsS IpSppIfn s]tSXn. Ap
_v [amb kap{Zw t]mse \nesImv BnX\mbn
Ah\v kIeXpw {]m]nm km[npw.
42. khmthZ\w ipw btZmtZXn XhmIw
`mXn {]krXn Znmem_mlyw
Nn{Zq] tZlIw
43. Ghamm bYm b{X kapmkap]mKXx
XnjvTXymip XYm X{X X{Zq] hncmPtX
44. bZnZw ZriytX khw PKXvmhc PwKaw
XXv kpjp]vXmhnh kz]v\x
Iev ]mt {]hn\iyXn
45. EXamm ]cm {_ kXyanXymZnIm_pss[x
Iev]nXm hyhlmcmw bky kwm
alm\x
46. bYm ISI i_vZmx ]rYKv`mthm
\ Im\mXv
\ tlaISImZzK_v ZmXm ]cm
47. tX\ban{Pme {inPKXo {]hnX\ytX
{`jv Sp Zriyky km_
CXy`n [obtX
48. {Zjv Sm ZriyhimZv_vt[m Zzt\zm Zriym`mth
hnapNytX
PKXzalanXymZnkmm ZriyapNytX
49. a\sskth{Pme {ioPKXo {]hnX\ytX
bmhtZXXv kw`hXn Xmhtmtm
\ hnZytX
50. {_Wm X\ytX hnizw a\sskh
kzbw `qhm
at\mabatXm hnizw bma]cnZriytX
51. \ _mtly \m]n lrZtb k{Zq]w
hnZytX a\x
bZw {]Xn`m\w XXv a\ CXym`n[obtX
52. kev ]\w at\m hnn, kev]
kvX{X hnZytX
b{X kev]\w X{X at\mfkv XoXy
hKayXmw
53. kev ]a\ko`ntm \ IZmN\ tI\ NnXv
kev ]PmtX KentX kzcq]ahinjytX
54. Alw Xzw PKZnXym Zu {]imt
Zriy kw{`ta
kymmZriyio tIheXm Zriykm
ap]mKtX
55. alm{]fb ku lykmw
kap]mKtX
Atij ZrtiykmZu imtahm
hinjytX
56. AkvX\kvXantXm `mkzm\tPm
tZthm \ncmabx
khZm khIrXv khw
]camtXyp ZmlrXx
57. btXm hmtNm\nht tbm
apsschKaytX
bky NmmZnIx kwmx Iev]nXm
\ kz`mhXx
A\ysc Xsftmse ImWp khmIamb
NnmKXnbpmIptm ZnmemXnKamb Nn{Zq ]mI
`mh\ DZbw sImffpp. Cs\ Bmhv GXp
hn[n DkmIpp, AtX cq]n Xs
{]Xn`mkoXambn `hnpp. kpjp]v Xnbn hneo\mh
{]m]n kz]v \sa t]mse Cu kqamb
mhc PwKa PKv {]fb Imev \jvSamIpp.
m\nI Cu Bmhns\ ]c{_ kXykzcq]-
ambpw bkzcq]ambpw IcpXpp. hf Fp
]dbptm AXv kzamsW [mcWbpmIpXp
t]mse PKv ]c{_w Xs. ]c{_ns
BImct`Zw am{XamWv PKv ]cammhv Xs
ambbmbn ]cnh\w sNbv Xp Fp am{Xw {`jvSmhv
Zriyn A`qXamIptm _\amIpp.
Zriym hio`qXambn {`jv Smhv _\n
s]Spp. Zriyw CmXncpm tamambn temIn
""FsXv '' ""\nsXv '' Fc `mhamWv . amb a\ns\
\nbWnempp. am\knIamb Cu Iev ]\
hnpt]mImsX apnbpsS amw ImWsSpIbn.
kzbw `qhmb {_mhv Cu hnizs am\knI
Iev ]\sImv \nnp. CsXmw at\mabsav
a\nempI. hnjbsf kw_n _\wa\v
\nnpp. Npcpn a\ns\ kev]sav
]dbmw. kev]sbpw a\ns\bpw thXncnm
I K
N P
657
Bpw Ignnn. Fm kev]fpw \inm
B kzcq]w shfnhmIp ""Rm'' \o Fpff
t`Z_p n bp w kz mNn bpw ssIhn Sp tmtg
ssIheyw A\p`qXamhpIbpffq. alm{]fbImepw
k hn\jv SamIpw Atm imamb Bmhp
am{Xta AhtijnpIbpffq. BmhmIp kqcy
AkvXanpn. Bmhns\ Adnbptm a\pjy
ap\mIpp. Bmhnsbpw cq]n cq] clnX
{_w Xs ]cammshv ]dbsSpp.
58. NnImiw NnZmImiamImiw N XrXobIw
Zzm`ymw iq\yXcw hnn NnZmImiw almapt\
59. tZimZvtZimc {]m]vtX\
kwhntZmaytahtbXv
\ntatjW NnZmImiw XZznn ap\n]pwKh
60. Xkvan \nckvX\nx tij kev] nXn
tajn tNXv
khmI]Zw imw XZm
{]m]vt\mjy kwibx
61. DZnXuZmcykucysshcmKyck K`nWo
B\kyn\ossbjm kam[nc`n [obtX
62. Zriymkw`h t_mt[\ cmKtZzjmZn Xm\th
cXn_temZnXm bmku kam[nc`n[obtX
63. Zriymkw`h t_mt[mln m\w tbw
NnZmIw
XtZh tIheo `mhw XtXmf\yIew arjm
64. a sFcmhtXm _x kj]n
tImW tImStc
aitI\IrXw bnw knwlu
ssLcWp tImStc
65. ]Zvamt m]ntXm tacq \nKotWm
`rwKkq\p\m
\nZmLw hnn XmZrzw PKtZXXv {`amIw
66. Notah ln kwkmtcm
cmKmZnti ZqjnXw
XtZth ssXhn\napw N `hn
CXn IYytX
67. a\km `mhyamt\m ln tZlXmw
bmXn tZl Ix
tZlhmk\bm aptm tZl[s
\ en]ytX
68. Iev ]w WoItcmXyxWw
\bXn Iev]Xmw
at\mhnemkxkwkmc CXn ta \nnXm aXnx
BImiw aqmWv . NnmtImiw, NnZmtImiw, `uXn
ImImiw, NnZmImiw CXns\msfmw kqvaXcamWv .
Hcp tZin \nv asmcp tZintep t]mIptm
a[yn Nnnse hyh[m\ns \ntajs
NnZmImisav ]dbpp. B NnZmImin Fm
kev ]fpw kmlo\amn \nesImffptm
khmI ]Zw e`npp. NnZmImin \nsemffp
tm DZmcXbpw sshcmKyhpw tN khm\a
bamb Ah e`npw. AXn\v kam[nsbv ]dbpp.
B Ln Zriy ]ZmfpsS iq\yX t_m[s
Spp. cmKtZzjmZnI \inpp. AtXmsS kam[n
]qamIpp GIm{KX ]qambpw B Ln
kwPmXamIpp. BssIheyhpw AtXmsS km[np
p. B Ahbn \nv `nambsXmw Xs anYy
bmWv. sNdnb amfn shv knwltfmSv sImXpIp
I sNp bpw t]msebpw aZn sFcmhXs
ISpIns Iqmcnepff Zzmcn _npXpt]m
sebpw Xmacbv pffn m]n almtacphns\
sNdnb hv hngppXpt]mse shdpw {`aamWv. Cu
{]]ns \ne\nev ]pw cmKtZzjmZntZmj
Xnnb NnamWv kwkmcw B tZmjfn\nv
apambm am{Xta tamw knnpIbpffq. a\n\v
imcocnI `mh\bpmIptm Bmhv tZlmIambn
ocpp. tZlamIp hmk\ \inm ]ns tZl[
sfmpw \apv ieyw sNpIbn. a\v Xs
bmWv bpKs Wam{Xhpw Wam{Xsb bpKhpam
nopXv . AXn\m Cu hnizw a\ns
kev ]w am{XamsWv Rm hnNmcnpp.
69. \mhnctXm ZpcnXmxm imtm
\m kamlnXx
\mim a\tkmhm]n {]m
t\ss\\ am]v\pbmXv
70. XZv {_m\ aZzw \nKpWw kXy
NnXv L\w
hnZnXzm kzmt\m cq]w \ _nt`Xn IZmN\
71. ]cmXv]cw bltXm almw kzcq]tX
tPmabimizXw inhw
Ihnw ]pcmWw ]pcpjmk\mX\w
kthizcw khtZsshcp]mkyw
72. Alw {_tXn \nbXw tamtlXp
alm\mw
tZz ]tZ _tammb \ntXn ataXn N
ataXn _ytX Cp \ntXn hnapNytX
73. PothizcmZn cqt]W tNX\m tNX\mIw
CuWmZn {]thimm
krjvSncoti\ Iev ]nXm
Pm{KZmhntamm kwkmtcm Poh Iev]nXx
I K
N P
658
ZphrnIfn \nv ]nXncnbmh\pw im
a\nmh\pw {imlo\\pw ]mWvUnXyw sImv
tamw {]m]nm km[ya. \nKpWhpw NnXv
kzcq]hpw ZzzmXoXhpw B\abhpamb B {_s
Bkzcq]w Xs Fv IcpXph\v Hcnepw
`bstSXn."" Fpw tZhmpw D]mky\pw
t{ijvTcnepw t{ijvT\pw almmcn alm\pw imiz
X\pw IeymWcq]nbpw ]catXtPmab\pw kh\pw
k\mX\\pw ]pcmW ]pcpj\pamb {_w XsbmWv
Rm.'' F `mh\bmWv tam{]m]vXnv ImcWw. aaX
_\w \nnpp. aaXm XymKw Xs tamw.
Ch cpw PohnIfpsS _tamn\v ImcWamWv.
PothizcmZn `mhn PUw tNX\mI krjvSn\Sn
bnpffXv Cuizc XsbmWv Pm{Kp apX tam
e_v Znhsc kIe{]]hpw Pohmmhn\m Iev]nX
amIpp.
74. {XnWmNnImZn tbmKmm Cuizc
{`mnam{inXm
temImbXmZn kwJymm Pohhn{`m
nam{inXmx
75. Xkv ampapp`nss\haXn
Pothi hmZtbm
Imcym Inp {_XXzw \nte\
hnNmcyXmw
76. AhntitjW khw Xp bx
]iyn NnZ\zbmXv
k Gh kmm Zznm\o k inhx k
lcn hn[nx
77. Zpet`m hnjb XymtKm Zpe`w XXz Zi\w
Zpe`m klPmhm kZvKptcmx
IcpWmw hn\m
78. Dev] in t_m[ky Xy
\nxtj IWx
tbmKn\x klPmhm kzbtathm
] PmbtX
79. bZmtlysshj GXkvanev] a]ycw \cx
hnPm\Xn XZm Xky `bwkymm{X kwibx
80. khKw knZm\w m\Np
\ncotX
Am\Npt\tX `mkzw
`m\pahXv
81. {]Pv Rm\tah XXv {_ kXy
{]m\ eWw
Ghw {_]cnm\m tZhatymartXm
`thXv
82. `nZytX lrZb{KnnZyt khkwibmx
obt Nmky ImWn Xkvan
Zrjv tS]cmhtc
{XnWmNntIXmn apX (ItTm]\njXv {]Xn]m
ZnXw) tbmK]cyapff m\n (tizXmtizXtcm
]\njXv {]Xn]mZnXw) B]mcw Cuizcob {`mnbmWv
NmhmI aXw apX kmwJyknm]cyapff Zmi
\nIXzn\v B[mchpw Pohmmhns\nbpff
{`mn bmWv . AXn\m apn B{Klnph
Pohs\nbpw Cuizcs\nbpapff hmZhnjbfn
kz _pnsb hym]cnncpXv. {_XXzw Xs a\\w
sNpI Cu ImWp kakv X {]]hpw Nn{Zq]sav
m\n IcpXpp. {_mhv hnjvWp, inh Hsbpw
AXp Xs. hnjb ]cnXymKw t]mse Xs XXz
m\ {]m]v Xnbpw {]bmkamIpp. kZvKpcphns
ImcpWyw IqSmsX ssIheyw e`nm sRcpamWv.
t_m[w {]Zm\w sNp in DWn khI
fpw ]cnXyPnp tbmKn kzbw klPmh {]m]n
pp. CXn `nX tijnpXphsc Ah\v
ZbhmWv. knZm\ kzcq]w ZinWsam{Klap
sn m\Npp sImv AXns\ ImWm
Ign bp w. A\v kq cys\ ImWm km[n m
Xpt]mse m\ Npnmh\v ]c{_
Zi\w kmya. {_w {]mX cq]amWv. kXy
ns eWhpw {]m\w Xs. acWapff
a\pjy\v {_m\w sImp {ItaW AacXzw
t\Sm\mhq. {_ kmmXvmcw e`nmepS Xs
khkwibfpw AIepp. kIe Ifpw
bnpp. lrZbnse Fm {KnIfpw XIcpp.
83. A\mXmw ]cnXyPy \nhnImtcm
PKXv nXu
GI\njvTXbmx x kwhnm{X] XXv
84. acp`qau Pew khw Nnm{Xw kz hnNmcX
85. eyeyaXnw Xyzm bkvXnjv tTXv
tIhem\m
inh Gh kzbw kmmZbw {_ hnZpax
86. A[njvTm\a\u]ayahmMv a\k tKmNcw
\nXyw hn`pw khKXw kpkqvaw
N X Zhybw
87. khit atlikyhnemtkm ln
at\m PKXv
kwbamkwbam`ymw N kwkmcx
imn a\zKmXv
kmwkvmcnI nXnbn \nhnImc `mhtmsS
A\m`mhw ssIhnv B ssNX\yn Xs
apgpIpI. {`am acp`qanbn ImWsSp Pew
I K
N P
659
tIhew qeambn ImWpXpt]mse Pm{KXv kz]v\
kpjp]vXymhI tN Cu kIe hnizmkhpw
B hnNn\m Nnbw Xssbv [cnWw.
eymey_p n ssI hn v tIhew B
\njvT\mbh\mWv t{ijvT m\nbpw inh kzcq]\pw.
kwbaw sImpw AkwbawsImpw kmwkv mcnI
{]mWmw imamIpw. ImcWw, hnizw kh i\pw
alm\pamb {_ns at\mhnemkw Xs. B
{_w A\p]ahpw hmnt\m a\nt\m AtKmNchpw
\nXyhpw hn`qhpw khhym]nbpw kqvamXnkqvahpw
Ahyb kzcqhpamWv.
88. at\mhymt[nInmap]mbw
IY bmantX
bZykzm`naXw hkvXp XXv XyP
tamaiv\ptX
89. kzmbtImlnXw tkz]vknX
XymK thZ\w
bky ZpjvIcXmw bmXw [nw
]pcpj IoSIw
90. kz ]ucpssjIkmt[y\ tkz]vknX
XymKcq]nWm
a\x{]iva amt{XW hn\m\mkv Xn ip`mKXn.
91. Akevt]\ ikvt{XW Onw
NnanZw bZm
khw khKXw imw {_
kw]ZytX XZm
92. `h `mh\bm aptm apx ]cabm[nbm
[mcbmm\ahyt{Km {KkvXNnw NnXx]Zw
at\mhym[n amm\pff amw Rm ]dpXcmw.
GtXXp e`nWsa B{KlnemtWm a\v
NeamIpXv B hkvXp ]cnXyPnpIbmWv
tam {]m]vXnv Ffpamb amw kzmbh kv Xp
AXyw lnXIcampIbpw Ah XyPnm\m
hmsX hcpIbpw sNp hyn IranXpey\pw \nnX
\pamWv . Xs A`ojv S hkv Xp kz{]bXv \m
XyPnmepmIp a\x imn sImt ]ca KXn
DmIq. kev ] cmlnXyamIp imkv{Xw Nns
tOZn p tm khcq ]\p w Acyman Iamb
]cammhns\ {]m]nmw. AXn\m {]] hmk\
shSnv t{ijvT _pn tNcpI. a\ns\ \nb{nv
Nnm{X Nn\mIpI.
93. ]cw ]ucjam{inXy \oXzm NnaNnmw
[ym\tXm lrZbmImti NnXnNn{I[mcbm
94. at\m amcb \nxw Xzmw
{]_[v\n \mcmbx
95. Abw tkm l anZw X GXmh
am{XIw a\x
XZ`mh\ amt{XW Zmt{XtWh hneobtX
96. Onm{`aWvUew thymav\n bYm
icZn [qbtX
hmtX\ Iev]tIss\h XYm
]qbtX a\x
97. Iev]m]h\m hmp bmp
ssNIXz ahmx
X]p ZzmZimZnXym \mkvan
\n\ kXnx
98. Akev ]\amss{XI kmt[y
kIe knntZ
Akev]mZn km{amtPy
Xnjv TmhjvS_v[ XXv ]Zx
99. \ln NeXmlo\w a\x IzN\ ZriytX
NeXzw at\m[tm ht [tm
btYmjv WXm
100. Gjm ln Nem kv]iniv
NnXz kwnXm
Xmw hnn am\kow iow PKZmUw
_cmnImw
101. bp NeXmln\mw Xt\m arXaapNytX
XtZh N X]x imkv{Xknmttam
DNytX
102. Xky NeXmssbjm Xz hnZym
hmk\mnIw
hmk\m]c\mav\ow Xmw hnNmtcW hn\mib.
Nns ]caamb ]ucpjam{ibnv iq\yXbn
epdnv lrZbmImin [ym\npI. m\ N{I
ns XovW [mcbn a\ns\ \nb{npI.
Atm ImamZnI \ns \nb{nm Ai\mIpw.
\ntsXpw FtsXpapff `mh\bmWv a\ns
{]IrXn. Cu `mh\ XyPnm a\v kzbw \inpw.
icocn Nn`nfmIp taL iIe
hmbphns XmU\m BImin hnebw {]m]n
pXpt]mse a\v iq\yXbn hnebnpp.
at\mclnX\mb hynv bmsXmcp lm\nbpan.
kap{Z Hnncs, {]fbImehmXw ASns,
ZzmZimZnXym Hcpanv Insbcnbs. a\v
ASnbXn\v Hcp XIcmdpan. Fm knnIfpsSbpw
DdhnSw kev] iq\yXbmWv . AXn\m kev ]
lo\\mhpI. AnbpsS [w NeXbmWv. Ne
lrZbw ZrjvSnv tKmNcamIpp. Neamb kv]
\in bmWv Nn n s [w. Cu in
I K
N P
660
{]ns AUw_camWv . NeXmclnXa\mWv
AarXw. AXp Xs X]v. imkv{Xw AXns\ tam
sav ]ddbpp. a\v NmeyamWv. AhnZy hmk\
AXns eWamIpp. Cu hmk\ i{XphmWv .
hmk\ \innphm\pff {iaamWv hnNmc ioemcpsS
Ihyn {][m\w.
103. ]ucptjW ]mbXv t\\ bkv\nth
]tZa\x
tbmPytX XXv]Zw {]m]y \nhn
Ievt]m `hm\L
104. AXx]ucpjam{inXy Nn am{Iay tNXkm
hntimIw ]Zamew_y \ncmXxntcm `h
105. a\ Gh kaw ln a\tkm ZrV \n{Ktl
AcmPIx kax kym{Zmtm\n{Kl
IWn
106. XrjvWm{KmlKrloXm\mwkwkmcm
h]mXo\mw
Bhscqlyam\m\mw. Zqcw kza\
Gh \u
107. a\sskh a\iv OnXzm ]miw ]ca _\w
`hmZpcbmm\w \mkm ht\y\ XmcytX
A\L, GsXmcp m\v a\v ebnnWtam
B m\nsem ]ucpjmepw {]bXv \mepw
\nhnIev ] kam[n {]m]npI, hnjbclnXamb
a\mWv at\m\n{Kln\v kaw. Hcp cmPmhnt\
asmcp cmPmhns\ IogvsSpm Ignbq. Xrjv W
bmIp apXebpsS hmbn s]v kwkmc kmKcn\
sc ISm Aka\pw Npgenbn s]v kwkmc
kmKcn\sc ISm Aka\pw Npgenbn
s]v sRcpph\pw c \Im hnjbhnImc
iq\yamb a\pam{XamWv kaw. AXn\pam{Xta
Ahs\ Ascsbn p hm Ignbq . Cs\
Ignthdnb a\p aptJ\ tLmc_amb am\knI
]mis apdnWw. ]ns Cu kwkmc kmKcn
\nv IcIbdpI. ImcWw, thsdmn\pw \ns Cu
`h\micn \nv IcIbm\mhn.
108. bm tbmtZXn at\m\mav \n hmk\m
hmkoXmcm
Xmw Xmw ]cnltcXv {]mkvtXm
hnZymtbm`thXv
109. t`mssKIhmk\mw Xyzm XyP Xzw
t`Z `mh\mw
`mhm`mh\ XXkvXyzm\n
hnIev]x kpJo`h
110. Gj Gh at\m\mikvXzhnZym\mi Gh N
bXv kwthZytX Inn{Xmm]cn
\w
A\ssh ln \nhmWw ZpxJamm
]cn{Klx
111. AhnZymhnZyamss\h\jvS {]tmjp
ZriytX
\mav ss\hmwKoIrXmImcmkayIv
{]kykmIqXx
112. XmhXv kwkmc `rKpjp kzm\m
kltZln\mw
BtmfbXn \oc{w ZpxJII imenjp
113. AhnZymbmhZkymkvXp t\mXv
]mbImcnWo
kzbammh temtIm taml
kwb ImcnWo
114. Akymx ]cw {]]iymymx kzm \mix
{]PmbtX
Zrjv tS khKtX tamt[ kzbw
tlyjm hneobtX
115. Cmam{XahntZybw Xmtcm tam DNytX
k Nmkev] amt{XW kntm
`hXn sshapt\
AxIcWs adp a\mIp hmk\
DmIp tmsgmw Ah XyPnpI _pnams
IhyamWv. As\ sNbvXm AhnZybmIp
AImcakvXanpw. BZyw t`mKhmk\ ssIshSn
bpI. ]ns hmk\Isfbpw. `mhm`mhsfbpw XyPnv
hnIev] clnX\mbn kpJnam\mbn XocpI. at\m\miw
Xs AhnZym\miw a\km A\p`qX hnjbfn
B shSnbpI. Bm ]cnXbmKamWv apn.
Bsb B{ibnpI ZpxJIcamWv. m\nbn
AhnZymkv ]ian. AhnZy Ahcn \nIepp.
{]mlo\cnte AXpffq. {]]amIpp. {`aPmew
ZpxJIIfm \ndXmWv. AXv \innmsX
tamN\an. B kmmXvImtc _ehmIpXp
hsc AhnZy icocs {`anemgv pw. ]cXXzw
Idnbptm Cu AhnZyambpw khm t_m[\w
e`nm AhnZy kzbw ambpp. AhnZym kzcq]amb
B{Klw \inpI FXmWv tamw. kev ]\miw
kw`hnmte C \inpIbpffq. asmcp hn[nepw
Cm\miw kw`hnpn.
116. a\mK]n at\mthymav \n hmk\m cP\o tb
IenIm X\pXmtaXn NnZmZnXy{]Imi\mXv
I K
N P
661
117. ssNXym\p]mXclnXw kmamt\y\
N khKw
bnz a\mtJybw k Bm ctaizcx
118. kw N JeznZw {_\nXy
NnXv L\ aXw
Iev]\m \ym at\m\mav \o hnZytX
\ln ImN\
119. \ PmbtX \{anbtX InnZ{X PK{Xtb
\N `mhhnImcmWmw km IzmN\ hnZytX
120. tIhew tIhem`mkwkh kmam\yaXw
ssNXm\p]mXclnXw Nnm{Xanl hnZytX
121. Xkv anntXyXtX ipt
Nnmt{X \ncp]{Zth
imt iakt`mtK\nhnImtcNnZm\n
122. ssbjm kz`mhm`naXw kzbw
kev]y [mhXn
NnssXyw kzbam\w a\\m DNytX
AXx kev] kntbw kevt]ss\
h\iyXn
NnamIp BImin hmk\bmIp cm{Xn
IjbnpIbpw tNX\bmIp kqcy {]IminpIbpw
sNbvXmte IenbmIp AImcw ianpIbpffq.
Nnw hnjbkwKw shSnv khKmanbmbn Xocp
tm AXns Ah hyamm sRcpw.
AXpXsbmWv Ahybhpw \nXyhpw Nn{Zq]hpamb
{_w. {_abamb a\n asmcp kev]hpw
DmbncnpIbn. Cu temIn Bcpw P\np
n. Bcpw acnppan. CsXmw anYybmWv .
khhym]nbmbn, tIheambn Ahybambn B`mknp
Xp w Nn hnImcsf A\p Kan mXp amb
Nnm{Xmmhn\p am{Xta ChnsS AkvXnXzapffq. Cu
NnZmmhv \nXyhpw hym]Ihpw D]{Zh clnXhpw im
hpambn \nhnImc`mhn iacq]n \nesImffp
p. AXn kz`mhm\pkmtcW kev ]nXamb Nnw
a\\w sNpXpsImv a\v F t] Inn.
123. \mlw {_tXn kev]mXv kpZrVmXv
_[ytXa\x
khw {_tXn kev ]mXv
kpZrVm pNytX a\x
124. Irtim lw ZpxJ_tm lw lkvX
]mZmZn hm\lw
CXn `mhm\pcqt]W hyhlmtcW _[ytX
125. \mlw ZpxJo \ta tZtlm_xtIm
kymXv a\nnXx
CXn `mhm\p cqt]W hyhlmtcW apNytX
126. \mlm amwkw \ Nmo\n tZlmZ\yx
]tcmkvaylw
CXn \nnX hm\x oW
hntZym hnapNytX
127. Iev ]ntXbahntZyba\ym `mh\mXv
]cw ]ucpjam{inXy bXv \mXv
]cma bm[nbm
t`mtKmw ZqcXkXyzm \nhnIev]x
kpJo `h
{_ kev ]w sImp am{Xta kev ] knamb
a\v \inpIbpffq.""Rm {_a'' F ZrVk
ev ]m a\v kwkmcn IpSppp.AXn\p
]Icw ""khw {_w''F kev]w a\ns\ apam
pw. icoc NnsImpw {]m]nI Imcyfnse
{isImpamWv PohnI _\n s]SpXv.
icoc Nnmap\pw {]m]nI hnc\pamb Pohn
kZm hnap\mIpp. Xm amwkc \nnXamb
]mhbmsWp IcpXmsX `n `mh\ Iephs
AhnZy bnpp. Ah apn {]m]npp. A\m
hkvXpfn B`mhw DmbncnpXp Xs
bmWv AhnZym kev]w. AXn\p hn]coXambn A`ymk
sshcmKyfm _pn]qw t`mtK ASn \nhn
Iev]\mbn Xocph ]a kpJw {]m]npp.
129. aa]pt{Xm aa [\alw tkm b anZw aa
CXoban{Pmte\ hmkss\h hnhevKXn
130. am `hmtm`h, kvXzwPln
kwkmc `mh\mw
A\m\ym `mth\ Ina ChtcmZnjn
131. Ikv XhmbwPtUmaqtImtZtlm
amwkatbm ipNnx
bZw kpJ ZpxJm`ymahix ]cn`qbtk
132. Atlm\p Nn{Xw bXvkXyw {_ XZv
hnkvarXw\rWmw
XnjvTXkvXh Imtcyjp am kvXp
cmKm\p cRvP\m
133. Atlm\p Nn{Xw ]Zvtam ss_m
kv Xp`nc{Zbx
AhnZyam\m bm hnZym Xbm hnizw
Jneo IrXw
CZw XZz{PXmw bmXw XrWam{Xw PK{Xbw
C{Pmemset]mse \sf Fs aI,
Fs kzv, Rm, Ah,Ch, FtXv, \ntXv
XpSnb NnI \s {`annpp. Am\\m
ImsX kwkmcw {Klnv AXv ssI shSnbpI. A\m
hkvXpfn B `mhw AXv ssI shSnbpI. A\m
I K
N P
662
hkv Xpfn B `mhw Zinv IcbpXv aqVXz
amWv. Cu PU icocw \ns Bcpa. CsXmcp amwk
]nWvUw am{Xw. A]hn{X\pw aqIhpamb CXn\pthn
kpJ ZpxJ N{I N{In s]pgepsXn\v? ]caX
Xzamb {_w hnkvXcnv P\ tZlhebn s]pg
epXv AZv`pXw! apt\, Xm m\nbmbnocpI.
Ihy I\ncX\mbmepw a\ns\ I\ncX\m
bmepw a\ns\ I_ IepjamcpXv. Xmac
\qepIfm ]hXw XfbvsSpXpt]mse Cm
Am\m temIw Xfbvsncnpp. {_
m\w h{Pns\mw inamWv. ]psmSnp
kam\amb {]]w XIm AXn\v Hcp {]bmk
hpan.
Amaymbw
1. E`q: AYm]cw {]hyman irWp XmX
bYm XYw
Am\ `qx k]vX]Zm `qx
k]vX] ssZhln
2. ]ZmcmWykwJym\n {]`hy
\yssYXtbmx
kzcq]mhnXnapnkvXZv {`wtim
lz thZ\w
3. ip km{X kwhnt kzcq]m
Nen tb
cmKtZzjm Ztbm `mhmkvtXjmw \m
Xz kw`hx
4. bx kzcq]]cn{`witXym NnXn a\w
GXkvamZ]tcm tamtlm \ `qtXm
\ `hnjyXn
5. AmZmcw Nnt bmXn at[y
Xp bmnXnx
km [zkvXa\\mImcm kzcq]nXn cpNytX
6. kwimkhkev]m bx inemhZh
nXnx ]cm
7. Almwti tX imt t`Z
\njv] NnXm
Almwti tX imt t`Z
\njv] NnXm
APUm bm {]NeXn XXvkzcq]anXocnXm
E`p ]dp:""]p{X asmv ]dbmw. tIq.
m\n\pw Am\n\pw Ggp `qanI hoXapv .
Ahp at[y av AkwJyw `qanIfpw Dv . Bm
hns kzcq]mhbmWv tamw. AXn \nv sXp
XmWv kmwkvImcnI PohnXw. ip {_ kzcq]n
\npw hyXn Nenmhv Am\ P\yfmb
cmKtZzjmZn tZmj DmhpIbn. kzcq] hyXnN
e\w hv hmkbpsS ]pdsI t]mbn Nnn apgpIp
Xn ]cw A[nIamb tamlw DmIm\n. Hcp hnjb
n \nv asmntebvv IpXnp a\ns at[y
nXn sNpXns\bmWv NnmXoXamb Bkzcq]
{]m]vXnsbv ]dbpXv. kev ] imambXn\p
tijw DmIp ]mdbvsm\ntSmhbmWv
Bmhns ]caamb kzcq]nXn. Cu kzcq] nXn
tNX\bmbpamWv , t`Z`mhclnXamWv.
8. _oPPm{KYm Pm{KlmPm{KssYh N
Pm{KXv kz]v\ kvXYm kz]v\ kz]v\ Pm{KXv
kpjp]v XnIw
9. CXn k]vX hnt[m tamlx
]p\tcj ]ckv]cw
njvtSm `hXyt\Im{Kyw irWp
eWaky Xp
10. {]Yaw tNX\w bXv kymZ\mJyw
\new NnXnx
`hnjyn PohmZn\mai_vZm `mP\w
11. _oP cq]nXw Pm{KXv _oPPm{KXv
kwnXnw irWp
12. \h {]kvXpXky ]cmZbw NmlanZw aa
CXn bx {]Xybx kz kvXXv Pm{KXv
{]mK `mh\mXv
13. Abw tkm lanZw X CXn Pm tcmZnXx
]ohcx {]Xybxt{]mtm alm
Pm{KXnXn kv #pSw
14. BcqVaYhmcqVmw khYm XmIw
bXv Pm{KtXm at\m cmPyw XXv Pm{KXv
kz]v\ DNytX.
tamlw Ggphn[nepv . 1. _oPPm{KZh.
2. Pm{KZh, 3. almPm{KZh, 4. Pm{KXv kz]v\
h, 6. kz]v\Pm{KZh, 7. kpjp]vXmh, Ch
]ckv]cw tbmPnv hnhn[ cq]amWv. AhbpsS {]tXyI
eWw ]dbmw. _oPPm{KZhsbp ]dbpXv
\maclnXhpw, hnImclo\hp, ssNX\ymIhpw,
Nnw, Poh XpSnb \ma i_v ZmtfmSp
Iq SnbXpamb AhbmWv CXv . mXmhn s
\ho\mhbt{X. ]noSv Pm{KZh P\n DSs\
Xs Hcp hynv Xsbpffn FtsXpw
\ntsXpapff `mhw DmIpp. CXv AXncn
`mh\Ivapv DmIppv. almPm{KZhbn
"" CXv AXmWv '' ""Rm CXIpp'' ""Cu hkv Xp
FtXmWv '' XpSnb ]qhmPnX kwkvImc ^eamb
I K
N P
663
`mh\I DmIpp. \mematXv Pm{KXv kz]v\mh
AXns cq] cqVm cqVhpw at\mabhpamb krjv Sn
bt{X.
15. ZznN{ipnImcq]yarKXrjvWmZn
ZZXx A`ymkw
{]m]y Pm{KXv kz]vt\m \m\
hnt[m `thXv
16. Aev] Imew abm ZrjvStaXtmtZXnb
{X ln
]cmaix {]_pky k kz]v\ CXv IYytX
17. Nncw ki\m`mhmXv A{]^pmw
_rlZzNx
NncImem\p hrn kv Xp kz]vt\m
Pm{KZn thmZnXx
18. kz]v \Pm{KZnXn t{]mw Pm{KXy]n
]cnkv ^ptcXv
jUhm]cnXymtKm PUm Pohky
bm nXnx
19. `hnjy ZpxJ t_m[mVym kujp]vXnx
tkmNytXKXn
PKkymambmakv Xakn eobtX
20. k]vXmhm Camx t{]mmabm
m\ky sshZznP
GssIIm iX kwJym {X \m\mhn`h
cq]nWo
21. Camw kp]vX]Zmw m\
`qanamIbm\L
\m\bm mXbm `qtbm taml]t
\naXn
Hcp N{s m\v cp N{\ps tXm
epw, Nnnbn shffnbpsS {]XoXnbp,acoNnIbn
Pe{]XoXnbpw DmIpXp t]mse A[ymkm
Pm{KXv kz]v\ ]e hn[nepmIpp. Ddn
ImWp ImgvN ]ns ImWmXncnpIbpw DW
tijw B Zriyns kvarXn am{Xw _mn \np
Ibpw sNpIbmsWn AXn\v kz]v\w Fpt].
Gsdt\cw ImWmXn\m sXfnp \nmXpw
DWmepw Hmbn Gsd \op \npXpw
Pm{KZhbnsetmWw ImWmsSpXns\ kz]v \
Pm{KXv Fp]dbpp. Cu Ggp AhIsfbpw XcWw
sNbvXv PUmImhbn ebnv `mhn ZpxJ t_m[
tmsS Poh Ccnp kpjp]v XnbmIp Cu
Ahbn hnizw BcnIamb AImcn
ebnpp. m\ns Ggp kz]v \mhIsf
nbmWv Rm ]dXv. CXn Hmtcm Ahbpw
hn`nmhIfpsS cq]n [cnpp. m\
kw_nbmb kz]v\mhsbn C\n ]dbmw. AXdn
m a\pjy tam]n ]Xnm\nSbn.
22. hZn _lpt`Z\ hmZnt\mtbmK `qanImx
aa Xym`naXm \q\manam Gh ip`v {]Zmx
23. Aht_m[w hnZpPRm\w XZnZw
km]vX `qanIw
apnkvXp tbanXypm `qanIm
k]v XImXv ]cw
24. m\`qanx ipt`mJym {]Yam
kapZm lrXm
hnNmcWm ZznXobm Xp XrXobm X\p am\ko
25. kXzm]nx NXpo kymtXm
kwkn\manIm
]Zm`mh\m jjvTo k]vXao
XpcpKm kvarXm
m\nI ]dbpXv tbmK `qanIv At\Iw
t`Z DsmWv. Ahbn k]v X`qanIsf am{XamWv
Rm Ghpw awKfImcnIfmbn IcpXpXv. k]vX
`qanIfm {]ISamIp Aht_m[w XsbmWv m
\sav ]dbsSpXv. Cu `qanIp tijw Dm
Ip apnbmWv tbw Fv ]dbsSpXv .
Hmas m\`qanbpsS t]cv "ipt`'sbmWv;
cmas "hnNmcW;' aqmatXv "X\pam\kn;'
\mematXv "kzm]n;' AmatXv Akw
kn; BdmatXv ]Z`mh\; GgmatXv XpcyKm
FpamIpp.
26. Bkmax nXn apnbkymw
`qtbm \ timNXn
GXmkmw `qanIm\mw Xzw CZw
\nhN\w irWp
27. nXx Inw aqV Ghmkv an t{]t lw
imkv {Xkss\
sshcmKy ]qh antXn ipt`tXyp
NytX _pss[x
28. imkv{Xk\ksshcmKym
`ymk ]qhIw
kZmNmc{]hrnbm t{]mNytX
km hnNmcWm
29. hnNmcWmipt`m `yman{nbm
tjp cXm
b{X km X\pXmtaXnt{]mNytX X\pam\ko
30. `qanIm{XnXbm`ymkmXv NntXp
hnctX himXv
I K
N P
664
kzm\nntX iptkzm
]ncpZmlrXm
31. Zim NXpjvSbm`ym kmZkwk
Iem Xp bm
cqVkXzNaXvImcmt{]mm
kwkn \manIm
32. `qanIm ]Im`ymkmXv kzmm
cmaXbm ZrVw
B`ycmWmw _mlym\mw ]Zm\ma
`mh\mXv
33. ]c{]bpt\ {]bXvt\\mh t_m[\w
]Zm`mh\mw \ma jjvTo`hXn `qanIm
34. `qanjSvI Nncm`ymkmXv t`Zkym\p
]ew`\mXv
bXv kz`msshI\njv TXzw km tbm
XpcyKmKXn
35. GjmlnPohptjpXpcym
htXn hnZytX
hntZl apn hnjbw XpcymXoX aXx]cw
GXn apgpIptm hopw ZpxJntnhcp
n.B apn ChbpsS Dffn nXnsNpp.
`qanbpsS \nhN\w ]dbmw. sshcmKy[mcWn\p
appXs {]m]nIamb ambmPmetmSv sshapJy
hpw imkv{XmZnIfn B`napJyhpw t{ijv T Ifn
Bknbpw DmIpp. AXns\ m\nI "ipt`'
Fp]dbpp. AtXpSv k\ kwkhpw
imkv{Xm[ymb\m A`ymk sshcmKytfmSpIqSnb
BNcWfp t\sc Xmev]cyhpw DmIpp.
AXmWv hnNmcW. Cu Ahbnseptm
hnjbmkn Npcppp. Cu Ahbv v X\pam
\kn Fp ]dbpp.Cu aqp `qanIfpsSbpw A`ymkw
]qamIptm sshcmKym Nnw ip kXz
kzcq]n \nesImffpp. Cu Ahbvv "kXzm
]n' Fp ]dbp p . Cu `qanIsfmw icnv
A`yknXn\p tijw kXzn cqUamb a\v
GsXmcp kwklo\amb Iesb {]m]npp.
AXpXsbmWv "Akwkn' Cu Ap `qhnI
IfpsSbpw A`ymkw ]qambm BcmamXzw
{]3]npXn\m _mlym`yc ]ZmfpsS
`mh\ \inptm ]c{]bXv \ ]Zmsf
`mh\ sNpIbmsWn AXn\v ]Zm `mh\sbv
t] ]dbmw. Cu Ap `qanIIfpw A`yknp Ign
m t`Z_pn \inpw; km[I B `mhn
GI\njvT\mIpw. CXmWv "XpcyKm' F Ah. Cu
Ah Pohmt ssIhcpIbpffq. AXn\p
tijw hntZl apn F Xpcobmh ssIhcpp.
36. tb \nZmL alm`mKmx k]vXaow
`qan am{inXm
Bmcmam almm\akvtX
alXv ]ZamKXm
37. Pohpm \ an kpJ ZpxJc
k ntX
{]IrtX\mY ImtcyW InwNnXv Iphn
hm \ hm
38. ]miz _m[nXm kx ]qhmNmc
{IamKXw
BNmcamNmctyh kp]vX_ph ZpnXmx
39. `qanImk]vXIw ssNXXv [oaXm
tah tKmNcw
{]m]ym\Zim taXmw ]ip tmZ
tbm ]n tb
40. ktZlm hm]ytZlm hm tX apmx
\m{X kwibx
]vXn ln {Kn hntZkvXkvan
kXn hnapXmx
tl \nZmL, Ggmas XpcyKmh {]m]nm
alm `mKyhmmt km[nq. Ah Bmcmamcma
mcmWv . kpJ ZpxJm\p`hfn \npw \ntjw
AIv Pohpcmb almmcmWv Cu alXv ]Zw
{]m]nnpffXv . I\ncXscnepw Ah AXn \nv
AIncnpp. kvt\lnXm DWptm a\p
jy Ddn FgptpXpt]mse Ah I
Xev]ccmIpp. AXnta[mhnIt k]vX `qanIIfpw
tKmNcamIq. arKmZnIfpw Cu m\ `qansb {]m]npI
bmsWn icoctmSp IqSntbm IqSmsXtbm ap
cmbn `hnpp. m\saXv lrZb {KnIfpsS
DXv LmS\amWv . m\ e_v [nbm apnbpsS
e_v[nbpw km[npp.
41. arKXrjvWmw _p_pym`nimn
am{XmI kvXzku
tbXp Xp tamlmhomkv ssXx
{]m]v Xw ]caw ]Zw
42. tXnXm `qanIm kzmkq
kzmem` ]cmbWmx
a\x{]iat\m]mtbm tbmK CXy`n[obtX
43. k]vX`qanx k hntbx IYn
XmkvXm `qanImx
GXmkmw `qanIm\mw Xp Kayw
{_m`n[w ]Zw
44. Xzzm lmXzm b{X ]cXm
\mkv Xn ImN\
\IzNnXv `mhIe\m \ `mhm`mh tKmNcm
I K
N P
665
45. khw imw \ncmew_w thymaw
imizXw inhw
A\maba\m`k a\maI aImcWw
46. \ kmk a[ymw \ khw
kh tah N
at\mh tNm`nc{Kmlyw. ]qmXv ]qw
kpJmXv kpJw
47. AkwtXZ\amimamthZ\ amXXw
km kh ]Zmm\mw \m\ym
kwthZ\m ZrtX
t_m[iq\yXbmIp ISen \nv IcIbdnbh
p am{Xta ]ca ]Zw e`nq. acoNnIbn Pe {`mn
t]mse A\mXXzn B _pnbpmIpp.
CXmWv AhnZy. Cu AhnZym\miamWv apn. Bkm
mXvImcw e`nm\pff {]bXv\n apgpInbncnp
h am{Xta Cu `qanIfn kcnppffq. a\xm
npff ]qamamWv tbmKw. tbmKns k]vX
`qanII hnhcntm. Cu `qanIIfpsS DtZiw
{_]Z{]m]vXnbmWv . {_la]Zn FtXv, \ntXv
A\ytXv F t`Zan. Atm `Khnbpw C.
`mhmI _pn tijnpn. {]m]nI ]Zm
fpsS \ne\nev]v BkwthZ\w am{XamWv. AXn
\nv `nambnsmpan. Cuizc imiz\pw, tZmjc
lnX\pw, \ncmew_\pw, ImcWclnX\pw, A\nhN\o
b\pw, kZkXvhnclnX\pw, a[ym lo\\pw, Akq
\pw, kq\pw at\mhmWnIv AKay\pw,
]q im\pw, kpJkzcq]\pw, BkmmXvImc
cq]n hym]nncnp ]c{_hpamsWv a\n
empI.
48. kw_t{ZjvSr Ziym\mw at[y ZrjvSn
ln bZz]px
{Zjv Sr Zi\ ZriymZn hnXw XZnZw ]Zw
49. tZimtiw KtX Nntat[ybt
Xtkm h]px
APmUy kwhn\\w Xtbm `h khZm
50. APm{Kkz]v\\n{Zky bt cq]w k\mX\w
AtNX\w NmPUw N Xtbm `h khZm
51. PUXmwhPbnssXzIm inebm
lrZbw ln XXv
Aa\kvI kzcq]w btbm `h khZm
Nnw Zqtc ]cnXyPy tbm kn tkm
kn ntcm`h
52. ]qhw a\x kapZnXw ]camXzm
t\mXXw PKZnZw khnIev] Pmew
iqt\y\ iq\ya]n hn{]bYmw _tcW
\neXzapkXn NmcpXXcm`n[m\w
53. kev ] kwibhimXv KentXXp Nnt
kwkmc tamlanlnIm KfnXm `hn
kz hn`mXn icZoh JamKXmbmw
Nnm{XtaIaPamZya\ax
Zriyw, ZrjvSmhv FnhtbmSv _sncnpXpw
a[y`mKmbn ImWp ZrjvSn kzcq]hpw {ZjvSmhn\pw
Zriyn\pw Zi\n\pw `nambn kmmXv Imc
cq]n \nesImffpXpamWv B ]ca]Zw. HcnSp
\npw asmcnStp IpXnp Nnns a[y`m
Kv m\cq]amb XXzn\o hnebnpI.
k\mX\ {_ns kzcq]w Pm{KXv kz]v\kpjp
]vXnIpw BXoXhpw PUtNX\m iq\yhpamWv. \o
AXn eo\\mIpI. PUXzw ]mjmW cq]amWv. AXp
XyPnm a\kv I nXn ssIhcnpI. Nns
Zqsc ]cnXyPnv e`npXmWv kzoImcyw. AXn Ddp
\npI. ]camXXzn \nv BZyw a\pmbn.
a\ns hnIev ] cq]amWv Cu {]Xy {]]w.
{_w iq\ytm iq\yamWv. iq\yamb BImi
n \nmWtm at\mlc \oena {]XysSpXv.
AXpt]mse {_n \npw NnhrnIfp-
mIpp.kev] \miw hcptm NnhrnI
DcpIpp. AXns ^eambn {]]tamlamIp aqS
apw DcpIntmIpp. Atm AXv icXvImeKa
nse \nemImiw t]mse PclnXhpw kIe
PohnIfpsSbpw BZnbpw Ahpw A\hpamb
Nnmbn {]tim`npp.
54. AIrIacwKw N KKt\ Nn{X apnXw
A{Zjv SpIw kzm\p`ha\n{Zkz]v\ Zi\w
55. kmo `qtX kta kzt \nhnIevt]
NnZm\n
\ncnw {]Xn_nw_n PKn apIptc bYm
56. GIw {_ NnZmImiw khmI
a JWvUnXw
CXn `mhb bt\\ tNXmey imtb
57. tctJm]tcJmhenXm bssYIm ]ohco inem
XYm ss{XtemIy henXw {_ssI
anl ZriyXmw
58. ZznXobImcWm`mhm Z\pev ] anZw PKXv
mXw mXhya[p\m ZrjvSw
ZrjvS hyapXw
59. hn{imtm kv an Nncw imnm{Xm
mkv XnIn\
]iyhn{im ktlw hnKXmtij
IuXpIw
I K
N P
666
AcKwtam AIrIambpw Cm BImin
Hcp Nn{Xw Dbcpp. AXv ImWm\mfn. Ddnem
bmepw DWhnembmepw AXv ImWm\pw km[ya.
AXpt]mse kakz \nhnImc kmn cq]hpw
ZWw t]mse \nehpamb NnZmmen aqp
temIfpw CmclnXambns {]Xn^enpp.
{_w kh cq]hpw NnZmImi kzcq]hpw AJWvUhpw
GIhpamWv. XSn inebn tcJI hcncnpXp
t]mse {_sbpw ImWpI. Hcp ImcWw ]dbm
\nmXn\m Cu {]]n\v Dev]n Dmbnn.
Nnm{XamsX thsdsbmpan. Nnm{Xs am{Xw
ZinpI. Rm AdntbXv ]dp. ImtWXv
Ip. {im\mb Rm C\n hn{ians.
60. \nckv X Iev]\m PmeaNnzXzw ]cw ]Zw
X Gh `qXamw {]m]vXmx kwimm
tij Inev _njmx
61. alm[nbx im[ntbm tb bmXm
hna\kv IXmw
Ptmx IrX hnNmcky hnKeZv
hrn tNXkx
62. a\\w XyPtXm \nXyw InnXv
]cnWXw a\x
Zriyw kyPtXm tlbap]mtZb apt]bpj
63. {Zjv Smcw ]iytXm \nXyaZrjvSmca ]iyXx
hnmXthy ]tc Xtz
PmKcpIky PohnXw
64. kp]vXky L\ktaml atb
kwkmc h\n
AXy ]Iz sshcmKymZctkjp ctkjz]n
65. kwkmc hmk\mPmte JKPme Chm[p\m
t{XmSntX lrZb{Ku ttY
sshcmKy cwlkm
66. ImXIw ^eamkmZy bYm hmcn {]koZXn
XYm hnm\hiXx kz`mhx kw{]koZXn
67. \ncmKw \ncp]mkwKw \nZzw \ncp]m{ibw
hn \ncymXn at\m tamlmZznlwKx
]RvPcm Znh
68. im ktl Zucmyw KXIuXpI hn{`aw
]cn]qmcw tNXx ]qtpcnh hn{`aw
]cn]qmcw tNXx ]qtpcnh cmPtX.
\nckv X Nnamb ]ca]Zw {]m]nhcpw \nckv X
kev ]cpw Bbh tZmjhnapcmbn {_s
{]m]npp. a\kv XymKtmsS hna\kv IcmbhcpsS
im Nnw AhcpsS ta[sb {]hrampp.
\jvSamb at\mhrnItfmSp IqSnbhcpw am\knI
kev ] ]cnXyPnv A`ymkm a\v ]cn]Iz
ambhcpw thZm Nn\n \nccw apgpInbhcpw
apapp cq]n \npw tZbw, D]mtZbw Fo
cphn[nepff ]Zmfpw XyPnhcpw \nXy\pw,
{Zjv Smhpw {]]s ImWm A{`jvSmhmbn hn
ph\pw Adntb ]caXXzn apgpInbh\pw
kck\pw, cklo\hpamb ]Zmfn sshcmKyw
]qv tamlmIamb {]]amn kpjp]vXn
tNhcpw sshcmKy_em {]m]nI hmk\I
fmIp kph ]miw On `namnbhcpw ssiYn
eyw h lrZb {KntbmSpIqSnbhcpw Bb m
\nI AhcpsS kz`mhm t\mmcesImv
Pew ipamIpXpt]mse ]cnipa\p tNhcp
amb Dam ]Rv Pcapcmb ipIsftmse
taml]min \nv hnapcmbn A\mkhpw Zzzm
XoXhpw \ncmew_hpw cmKclnXhpamb NntmsS
hnipcmbnncpp. {]m]nI NnItfmSv hncn
tXmnbnpffhcpsS Nnw ]q N{s\tmse Fm
hn[nepw tim` tNcpp.
69. \mlw \ Nm\y ZkvXol {_
sshmkvan \ncmabw
Cw kZktZm[ymZyx ]iyXn k ]iyXn
70. AbtX\m]\tXjznZrKv Zrtiyjp
bYm a\x
\ocmKtah ]XXn XZzXv Imtcyjp [oc[o
71. ]cnmtbm]`qtm ln t`mtKm
`hXn XpjvStb
hnmb tkhnXutcm ssa{XntaXn
\ tNmcXmw
72. Ain{Xm]n kw{]m]vXm {Kmabm {Xm
Ym zssKx
t{]ytX XZzsshss t`mK {io
ch temIytX
73. a\tkm \nKrloXky eoemt`mtKm
ev] tIm ]n bx
Xtahme_v [hnkvXmcw njv SXzmZv
_lpam\ytX
74. _aptm alo]mtem {Kkamt{XW
XpjyXn
]sscc_tm \m{Imtm, \ cmjv{Sw
_lp a\ytX
75. lkvXw lkvtX\ kw]oUy Zss Zm
hnNqWy N
AwKm\yw ssKcnhmIyay PtbZmZu
kzbw a\x
I K
N P
667
76. a\tkm hnPbmm\yp KXnckvXn
`hm th
alm \cI km{amtPy a
ZpjvIrX hmcWmx
77. Bimic iemIVym Zpbm
lo{obmcbx
knsbpw Aknsbpw at[y ChnsS Rmt\m
asmtm Cspw Rm kZm tZmjclnXamb {_am
sWpw ImWph\mWv bYm hkvXpX ImWpXv.
{]bmk sat\y hp tNcp Zriyfn Iv cmKcln
Xambns apgpIpXpt]mse m\nI Ihy
\ncXmcmbnocpp. ASpdn Iff tamjvSm
sh \ne ssIhnv kulm `mhw ]pepXp
t]mse Nnn\p`hn kpJw kpjvSnv ImcWam
Ipp. Hcp {Kman t]mIm B{KlanmXncps
nepw bmZrnIambn {Kmaamn hp s]m
]m DZmko\\mbn \SpXpt]mse m\nI
tbmKmIamb sFizcy DZmko\XtbmsS A\p`
hnpp. kwbXNnm Xp t`mKhpw A[nIsap
a\nemn AXp tiIcamIpsav IcpXn AXn
\nv hnpamdm\m{Klnpp. A\ycpsS B{IaW
n\ncbmbnm cmPmhv Xs cmPynse kh
t`mK hkvXpfpw Xpambn IcpXpp. i{Xphns _\
n s]v \cInm hnap\mbXn\ptijw Hcp
Dcpftmdpw alcambn IcpXpp. Gsd sRcpnbm
sWnepw a\ns\ sshcmKytmsS IogSpI. kwkm
ckmKcn a\v \nb{npXn IqSpX D]cn
Hpan. tLmc\Kcn ZpjvIamIp aZn B\
kcnpp. BibmIp icfm kpknXcmb
C{nbfmIp i{Xpsf PbnpI {]bmkw Xs.
78. {]oWNnZky \nKrlotX{nb Zznjx
]Zvan\y Ch tlat obt
t`mK hmk\mx
79. XmhninhthXmfm hkn lrZn hmk\mx
GIXXz ZrVm`ymkmZymh hnPnXw a\x
80. `rtXym `naX IrXzm{n khm
ImcWmXv
kmat{nbm{Imtat\m at\y
hnthIn\x
81. emf\mv \nKv[ee\m]me\mXv
]meIx ]nXm
kplrZpahn\ymkmat\m at\y a\ojnWx
82. kzmtemIXx imkv{X Zrim kz
_p[ym kzm\p `mhXx
{]bXn]cmwknnw Xyzmm\w
a\x ]nXm
83. kplrjvSx kpZrVxkz kp{Imx
kp{] t_m[nXx
kz KptWmt\mPntXm `mXnlrZnlrtZym
at\maWnx
84. G\w at\maWnw {_ _lp]IfnXw
hnthIhmcnWm knssy {]mfym
temIhm `h
85. hnthIw ]cam{inXy _pym kXyathy
C{nbmco\ew OnXzm Xotm`h
`hmhmXv
Nnnse Almcw HXpn C{nbfmIp
i{Xpsf Pbnp IgnhcpsS hnjbm`nemjw ap
Imev Xmacq t]mse \inpp. hmk\bm
Ip thXmfs GIm{KXbpsS A`ymkm
\nb{nmXncnphsc am{Xta AXv cm{Xnbnse
t]mse lrZbn Ddv \npIbpffq. hnthIn Xs
a\ns\ `yXys\tmse Bm\phnbmpp.
AXv Ahs kIe Imcyfpw a{nsbtmse
]cn]menpp. hnthInbpsS a\v C{nbsf
B{IanpXn\m Hcp kmas\tmse s]cpam
dpp. Adnhpffhs a\v emf\bm kvt\lapff
kv {Xosbtmsebpw ]menpXn\m ]nXmhns\
tmsebpw Ccw Imcy sNpXn\m kplr
ns\tmsebpw BWv. imkv {X\pIqeyw A\p`qXn
{]Imiw _pn Chbm a\mIp ]nXmhv kzbw
adv ]caknn \Ipp. BKpWm tXPp
Ie m\cXv \w lrZbn {]tim`npp. AXv
ZrVhpw lrjvShpw ssNX\ybphpw \nbnXhpamWv .
Nfnbn InSv aen\amb a\mIp cXv \s hnthI
Pem IgpIn ]cnipampI AXv \nv
tXPv \Ipw. hnthIs B{ibnv _pnbm
kXywkmmXv Icnv C{nbfmIp i{Xpsf
XIv kwkmckmKcw Ac ISpI.
86. Bmam{Xa\m\mw ZpxJm\mamIcw hnZpx
A\mam{Xa`nXx kpJm\mamebw hnZpx
87. hmk\mXp _tm bw temtIm
hn]cn htX
km {]knmXn ZpxJmb kpJmtbm
tZamKXm
88. [otcm]yXn _lptm ]n IpetPm
]n alm\]n
Xrjv Wbm _[ytXPpx knwlx
irwJebm bYm
89. ]caw ]pcpjw b\mbmZmb kqZyaw
bYm imkv{Xa\ptZzK amNc tIm
\ knn`mIv
I K
N P
668
90. Alw khanZw hnizw ]camml aNypXx
\m\yZkvXoXn kwhnXym ]cam km
ly lwIrXnx
91. kh kvamZvhy Xncntm l
_mem{KmZhylw Xqx
CXn bm kwhntZm {_ ZznXobmlw
IrXnx ip`m
92. tammssbjm \ _mb Pohp
ky hnZytX
93. ]mWn ]mZmZn amt{Xm b al antXyj \nbx
AlmckvXrXotbm kueuInI
kvXp Gh kx
BbmWv temIn At\Iw ZpxJv
ImcWmambncnpXv. A\m kpJn\v ImcW
amWv . hmk\mkq{X_amb Cu temIw amdnamdnp
sImncnpp. Cu Imahmk\ Gsd ZpxJIcamWv.
AXns \miw kpJacpfpp. [oct\m, ]WvUnXt\m,
Ipeo\t\m, almt\m Bbmepw Bcpw Nebm
knwlsa t]mse Bim]min _\mIpp.
]ucpjtmsS { ]bXv \nv imkv { Xa`yknp
BmWv knn hcmXv ? ""Rm ANypX\mb
]cammhmWv'' ""Fn \npw `nambnsmpan;
Cs\bpff m\mIamb Almcw t{ibkv I
camWv. Rm XeapSn \mcns\m kqv ahpw Fm
n \npw hyXykvX\pamWv F Alw`mhhpw
awKfIcamb AlmcamWv. Cu clmchpw _
\w \nnpn. AX tam km[IamWv . ""Rm
ssIpw Imepw apapff icocw tNh\mWv'' F
aqmas Almcw XpamWv , tIhew euIoI
hpamWv.
94. Poh Gh Zpcmmku Ix
kwkmc ZpkvXtcmx
At\\m`nltXm Ppct[m [x ]cn[mhXn
95. A\bm ZpclwIrXym `hmXv
kwXybm Nncw
injv Slmchm Ppx iahm
bmXn apXmw.
96. {]Yau ZzmhlwImcu AwKoIrXy
Xze\InIu
XrXobmlw IrXnkvXymPymeuInIo
ZpxJZmbo \o
97. AY tX A]n kwXyPy khmlw
IrXn hPnXx
k XnjvTXn XYmXyw ss]ctahm[n
tcmlXn
Zpcm kz`mhapffh\pw Cu aqmas Alm
ctmSp IqSnbh\pamb hyn XsbmWv ZxJabamb
kwkmchnjbns thcv. Cu Almcn\Snasv
Poh Xmsg AKm[Kn XffsSpw. Cu ZpxJ
{]Zamb Almcapt]nv BZys cp hn[n
epapff Alw`mhn apgpInb hyn kwbanbmbn
apnsb {]m]npp. BZys AeuInIamb
clw`mhsfbpw AwKoIcnXn\p tijw aqm
as Almcw shSnbpI. ]noSv km[\bpsS in
hnptm BZys cv Alw`mhfpw shSn
v \nclmc `mhw ssIsImffWw. CXv DXnbntev
\bnpw.
98. t`mtKmam{XtIm _kv XymtKm
tam DNytX
a\tkm `ypZtbm\mtim at\m\mtim
atlmZbx
99. at\m \miat`yXn at\mky
ln irwJem
\m\w \ \ncm\w \ New \mNew ncw
\ kmk ssNtXjmw a[yw
m\n at\m hnZpx
100. bYmkuvamnZm`mky BImtim
t\m] e`ytX
XYm\ncwinXv `mhx khtKm
]n \ eytX
101. khkev ]lnXmkhkwm
hnhPnXm
sskjm NnZhn\mimm kzmXv taXymZn
IrXm`n[m
102. BImiiX`mKmm tjp
\njvf cq]nWo
kIemaekwkmckzcqss]Im Zin\o
103. \mkv XtaXn \ tNmZXn t\mnjvTXn
\ XnjvTXn
\ N bmXn \ NmbmXn \ N t\l
\ tNl NnXv
sskjm NnZaemImcm \nhIev]m
\ncmkv ]Zm
104. BZu iaZa{]mssbKpssWx
injyw hntim[tbXv
]mXvkhanZw {_ ipkvXzanXn
t_m[tbXv .
GXp hn[nepffXmbmepw t`mtK _\amWv .
apnsbXv t`mtK]cnXymKw Xs. at\m\miamWv
at\mXnv ImcWw. `mKyhmt\ at\m\miw knnq.
I K
N P
669
m\nIfpsS a\v \inpp. Ah a\ns\
B\satm B\ clnXsatm IcpXpn. Ah
AXns\ Ne\satm ANesatm kstm Ak
stm IcpXpn. Am\nIfmIs a\ns
_\ns]v Dgepp. khkev ]mXoXhpw
khkwmclnXhpamb Cu NnZmmhns\ Ahn\m
insbpw kzmmshpw apw ]dbpp. AXv AJWv U
ssNX\yhpw khhym]IhpamWv. ANXv ZrjvSntKm
Nca. m\nI GsXmcp NnZmmhns\bmtWm
BImismfpw \qdpaSv kzhpw Ahbhcln
Xhpambn ImWpXv Bk kq \neamb
hnizcq]n tIhew BZiIambnocpp.
Bk Hcnepw DZnpItbm Akv XanpItbm
sNpn. AXv Ka\mKa\ clnXamWv. AXv Ccnp
Itbm \npItbm sNpn. AXv AhnsSbpan,
Ahew_lo\hpw hnIev ]clnXhpamWv . iaZamZn
KpWfm injys AxIcWs ipoIcnt
NpaXe Kpcphn\pv. AXns\pSv Cu ImWp
kIeXpw \obpw {_kzcq]amsW t_m[w injy\v
DmnsImSpWw.
105. Akym{]_pkykhw
{_tXn tbmhtZXv
alm\cIPmtejp k tX\ hn\ntbm PnXx
106. {]_p _ptx {]oW
t`mtKky \ncminjx
\mkv Xy hnZymaeanXn {]mkvXp
]ZntiXv Kpcp
107. kXn Zn] ChmtemI kXy Ch hmkcx
kXn ]pjv] ChmtamZnXn
kXyw PKYm
108. {]Xn`mkX GthZw \ PKXv ]camXx
m\ ZrjvSu {]kmbmw
{]t_m[hnX tXmZmbx
""khw {_w'' Fv Am\nbpsSbpw A-
t_m[mcsbpw apn ]dbpXv Ahs\ \cIn
XffnbnSpXn\p XpeyWv . t`mtK \inv {]_p\mb
h\pam{Xta thZm t_m[\wsImv KpWapffq.
Zo]n \nt {]ImiapmIq; ]qhnSpt kuc`y
apffq. AXpt]mse NnXv ssNX\ynemWv {]]
nXn. bYmn {]]n\v AnXzan.
tIhew B`mkam{XamWXv. \ns Iv BhcWclnX
amIptm AXn PvRm\{]Imiw \ndbpw Atm
Fs D]tZins kmcmwiw \n\p hyamIpw.
109. bYmhRmkykn kztmaZzmKv hrjv Sn
_em_ew
AhnZyssbthmabmkzm
\m timZyambm
110. hnZym kw{]m]ytX {_
khtZmjm]lmcnWo
imayXnlykv{Xakvt{XW amte\
mfytX aew
111. ia hnjw hntjssWXn cp]pWm
l\ytX cn]px
CuZrio `qXatbbw bm kzm\ti\ ljZm
112. \ eytX kz`mthm kym hoy
amssWh \iyXn
\mkv tXjym ]camtt\tXyhw
`mh\tb bm
113. khw {_tXn bkym_mh\m
km ln apnZm
t`ZZrjvSnchntZybw khYm
Xmw hnktbXv
kzm\min\v t{ijv Tamb AhnZy D]Icnpw.
AXpaqew khtZmjIcamb hnZy {]m]nmw. Akv{Xw
Akv {Xs apdnpp. aewsImv amen\yw IgpIn
fWw. hnjwsImv hnjw lcnmw. i{Xp XsbmWv
i{Xphns\ kwlcnpI. AXpt]mse B\miw
kpjv Snv ImcWamIpw. AXns kzcq]w Zrjv SntKm
Nca. AXv ImgvNbns]Sptm Xs \inpp.
AXns\ ambsbp IcpXmsX {_amsWp Icp
XmsX {_amsWp IcpXpIbmWv tam{]m]vXn
pNnXw. t`Z_pnbmWv AhnZy. AXn\m t`Z_pn
ssIshSnm t{ibpmIpw.
114. apt\ \mkmZytX Xn ]ZabapNytX
IptXm PmtXbanXn tX ZznP
amkvXp hnNmcWm
115. Camw IYalw laotXyjm tX
kvXp hnNmcWm
AkvXwKXmbmw oWmbmakymw
mkykn XXv]Zw
116. bXGjm bYm ssNjmbYm
\tXyJnXw
XZkymtcmKimembm bXv\w Ipcp
NnIn t\
117. bssYjm PaZpxtJjp \ `qbkv Xzmw
\ntbmyXn
kzm\nkz]cnkv ]ssx kv ^pcXy
ssn Zhx
118. GImIJw XZnXy`mhyXmw ZrVw
InnXv p`nXcq]m km knnna
bmth
I K
N P
670
119. Xassbh kv ^pcXym Xss{Xthm
ncn hmth
Bt\yhm\mthymav \n bYm
kckn amcpXx
120. XssYhmmissyhkzmt\y
sshXn temeXmw
Ww kv^pcXn km ssZho kh
inYbm XYm
121. tZiIme{Inbmin\ bkymx
kw{] IjtW
kzkz`mhw hnZntXzssc]\y]tZ nXm
122. cq]w ]cnantX\mku `mhbXyhn`mhnXm
bssZhw `mhnXw cq]w Xbm ]caImbm
123. XssZssh\ma\pKXm \makwJymZnIm Zrix
hnIev ]IenXmImcw tZiIme{Inbmkv ]Zw
124. NntXm cq]anZw {_ t{X
CXn IYytX
hmk\mx Iev]btkm ]n bmXylw
ImcXmw ]p\x
e`nmXv Ab]Zsav ]dbsSpp. ambbp
mbsXs\sbsmpw Nn nt ambsb
Fs\ \innmsap am{Xw Nnnm aXn amb
oWnp \inptm \n\v Abamb ]Zs
nbpff m\w e`npw. CXv FhnsS\npapm
Ipp? CXns kzcq]sav ? CsXs\ \inpp?
Fsmw Nnnv CXn\v auenIamb {]Xnhn[n ImW
Ww. As\bmbm AXv \ns kwkmcN{In
IpgpIbpw IqSmsX NnamIp kap{Zw hn`mknXam
IpIbpw sNpw. NnXv k AJcq]mIsav
IcpXWw. NnXv in Nnb ka{Zn tm`npsIm
ncnpp. kap{Zn \neNnb XcwK
s]mpp. GsXmcmiIXnsb Nennm tZiIme
{InbminI AkafmtWm B in Dm
\nemWv nXnsNpXv. B NnXv in Adnb
sSm km[yamImXpsImv ]cnanXnsbtse
cq]`mh\bpambnocpp. B ]cminbn cq]`m
h\bpmIptm AXns IqsS \makwJymXnI
tbmPnpp. NnXvinbpsS B cq]w tZiIme{InbI-
m[mc`qXambpw hnIev]cq]w [cnpXmbpw Xocp
p. AXmWv t{X AXpw ]noSv hmk\mk
ev]m Almccq]w {]m]nppapv.
125. Almtcm hn\ntXm Ifo
_pncpNytX
_pnxkev]nXmImcm {]bmXn
a\ kmkv ]Zw
126. at\mL\hnIev]w Xp KXo
{nbXmw iss\x
]mWn]mZabwtZlan{nbmWn hnZp_p[mx
127. Ghw Pothm ln kev ]mhm
k\mcp thjvSnXx
ZpxJPme]coXmm {IamZmbmXn \oNXmw
128. CXn inabw tNtXmL\mlmcXmw KXw
tImiImcIrancnh tkzbm bmXn _\w
129. kzbw Iev ]nXXam{XmPmem`ym
chn]cmw
hnhiXmtaXn irwJem_knwlhXv
130. IzNn\x IzNnZv_pnxIzNnv Rm\w
IzNnXv {Inbm
IzNntZXZlwImcx IzNnnanXn kv arXw
131. IzNnXv {]IrXncnXypcvXw IzNnamtbXn
Iev ]nXw
IzNnaeanXn t{]mw IzNnXvItXnkw
kv arXw
132. IzNnZv_ CXn JymXw IzNnXv ]pcy
jv SIw kv arXw
t{]mw IzNnZhntZyXn IzNnZntXn kXw
133. Caw kwkmcaJneamim]mihn[mbIw
Z[Zx^sselo\w hS[m\m hSwbYm
DdXpw tZmjw IeXpamb Alw`mhw Xs
bmWv _pn. _pn kev ] cq]w [cnptm at\m
cq]ambnocpp. a\v L\nIev]n ]Xnptm
AXv {ItaW C{nbcq]w ssIsmffpp. IcWNc
WmZnItfmSpIqSnb tZlsbmWv ]nXm C{nbw
Fp]dbpXv. kev]amIp hmk\m]mim
_amb Pohn ZpxJamIp hebn s]Sptm At[m
KXn {]m]npp. ]]\qpgp tkzbm _n
AIsSpXpt]mse inabamb Nnv L\mlmcw
{]m]nv _n AIsSpp. Nebn IpSpnb
knwlstmse kzIev ]nXamb Xm{X3 ]mim
Ccpv NnXvin sshiyn\ncbmIpp. Cu Bm
hp XsbmWv NnebnSpv AlwImccq]nepw
NnebnSv Nnv F t]cnepw AdnbsSpXv. AXp
X a\spw NnebnSv _pnbpw m\sapw
{Inbsbpw {]IrXnsbpw a\spw ]pcpjv SIw
Fpw _\sapw HmtcmLn ]dbsSpXv.
CXv NnteSpv CbmsWn asmcnSv AhnZybmWv.
^eclnXambhS_oPw hShrs [cnpXp
t]mse CXv Bim]mi_amb PKns\bmsI D
smffpp.
I K
N P
671
134. Nnm\einJmZKv[w tIm]mPmKcN
hnXwNhnXw
Imam_v[nItmecXw hnkv arXma
]nXmalw
135. kapc at\m {_amXwKanhIamXv
Ghw Pohm{inXm `mhm `h `mh\mbmlnXmx
136. {_mWm Iev]nXmImcme
tim]yY tImSoix
kwJymXoXmx ]pcm PmXm Pmbt
Zym]n NmZnXx
137. DXv]yt]n ssNhmt\y IWuLm Ch
\nXv[cmXv
tINnXv{]YaPam\x tINna
iXm[nImx
138. tInmkwJymPam\x tINnXvzn{Xn
`hmcmx
tINnXv IncKhhnZym[catlmcKmx
139. tINnZthcpWmkv{Xmt[m
P]ZvaPm
tINnZv {_W`q]messhiyiq
{ZKWmx nXmx
140. tINnXv XrWuj[o hr^eaqe ]XwKImx
tINnXv IZw_Pw_ockmeXmeXameImx
141. tI Nn atl{aebklyactachx
tINnXv mtcmZ[n ocLrtXp
Pecmibmx
142. tINnZznimemx IpIp`x tINntZym almcbmx
hnlmbkypssIx tINnn]X
ypXv ]XXn Nx
143. IpIm Ch lkv tX\ arXyp \m
hncXw lXm
`pzm P\v kl{kmWn `qbx kwkmc
ktStl {_.
Cu a\v B\ Nfnbn ]pXpt]mbXpt]mse
NnamIp AnPzmebn Zlnv tIm]amIp s]cp
mn\m hpgpsv ImaamIp kap{Znse
Npgnbnsncnpp. AXv Xs ]nXmal\mb
Bhns\tmepw hnkv acnp. AXn\m BZyw
AXns\ DcnpI. Pohnsb B{ibnp At\Iw
`mh esa tImSnWn\v t`Zfn
{_m kev ]nXmambn DmIpp. AcphnIfn
PeIWsftmWw CXv `mhnbnepw DmIpw. Nne
`mh At\I iXw XhW Dmbn cpw aqpw
XhW P\nhbpw C\n P\nm t]mIphbpw Dv.
Ah hn`n\ma cq] tNhbmWv . NneXv kqcy,
N{ lcn, inh hcpW, {_mhv XpSnb cq]
fnemsWn NneXv b Inc K hmZnIfpsS
cq]nemWv NneXv {_mW {Xnb sshiy iq{ZmZn
\ma tNhbpamWv. NneXv ]\, ]ne, ISv,
\mcIw, ]pv, hrw thcv, Ce, Imbv Fnhbmbn
op. NneXv hn`n ]hXfpsS cq]nepamWv.
tacp, aebw, acw, atl{w, kly Fo \mafn
NneXv AdnbsSpp. NneXv kap{Zcq]nepw NneXv
]mev, s\v Icnn \ocv Fo cq]nepw nXn
sNpp. NneXv ZnpIfpsS t] [cnp. NneXv
Hgppff \ZnIfpsS th [cnp. ASnp Xmgv nbmepw
]v tatemv s]mpXpt]mse NneXns\ arXyp
hopw hopw XmUnpp. F{Xtbm t] BIm
intepbXn\ptijw Iotgmp ]Xnpp.
144. ]Xn tINnZ _p[mx kw{]m]ym]n
hnthIXmw
ZnmemZy\hnamXXzw kz in Xx
145. {ioessbh bZmZt ZnmeIenXw h]px
XtZh Poh]cymb hmk\mthiXx ]cw
146. a\xkZytX temew Ie\m Iet\mpJw
Imeo a\xincmZu `mhbXnWmXv
147. BImi_mh\mamw i_vZ _oP
ctkm\apJo
XXkvXZvL\Xmw bmXw kv]i_oP
ctkmpJw
148. `mhbXy\nekv]w kv]i_oP
ctkmpJw
Xm`ymamImi hmXm`ymw ZrVm`ymk
himXx
149. i_vZ kv]i kzcq]m`yw kwL
jm\y tX \ex
cq]Xm{X klnXw {Xn`nkvssXx
k l knXw
150. a\kv XmZrKv KpW KXw at\m
`mhbn WmXv
KXm{XtaXkvamZv `qankwthn
tXm `thXv
151. XXkv XmZrKv KpW KXw at\m
`mhbXn WmXv
KXm{XtaXkvamZv `qan
kwhntXm `thXv
152. AtYw `qXXm{Xthjv SnXw
X\pXmw PlXv
h]qahn IWmImcw kv^pcnXw
thymav \n ]iyXn
I K
N P
672
ZnpI Imew FnhbpsS {]`mhnepw kz
insImpw BXXzw tZlw [cnptm AXp
Xs hk\mhim kev ]fntep t]mIp
Ne a\ns cq]w sImpp. kev]bpamb
Cu a\xin Wn kzamb BImi `mh\
tbmsS Db \nebnemIpp. AXn i_vZ _oP
ns Apcw DmIpp. ]ns a\p XsbmWv
L\o`qXambn kz]\{Iam hmbp kv]\ `mh
n canpXv. AXn kv]i _oPns Apc
apmIpp. ]ns ZrVm`ymkm i_vZkv ]i
cq]amb BImihpw hmbp kwLjm Anbpw
DIpp. Ancq]w Xm{Xm kwtbmKm {XnKp
WmXv aIamIp {XnKpWmIamb a\v ckXm{Xsb
`mh\ sNpp. Atm AXv Pens ioXfkz
`mhw Nnnv Pehpambn XmZmyw {]m]npp. ]noSv
AXv NXpKpWamIpp. K\[ Xm{Xabambn AXv
]rYznsb A\p`hnm XpSpp. Cs\ Av
X\am{XItfmSpw IqSn AXv Xs kqva XXzw shSnv
BImin An kv ^pnwKfpsS cq]n
{]Iminp. icocs Zinpp.
153. AlmcIembpw _pn_oP ka\znXw
XXv]pcyjvSIanXyw `qXlrZv] jSv]Zw
154. XkvaowkvXp Xo{hkwthKmXv `mh
bZv `mkpcw h]px
qemtaXn ]mtI\ at\m
hnIev]^ew bYm
155. aqjm {ZpXtlam`w kv^pcnXx
hnaemw_tc
knthi aXmZt Xt Px kz kz`mhnX
156. Du[zw incx]nWvUab a[x ]mZabw XYm
]miztbm lkvXkwm\w
at[ytNmZw [nWw
157. Imtem\ kv^pStXmtaXy `hXyae hn{Klw
_pnkv z _temmlhnmss\
izcy kwnXx
158. k Gh `Khm {_m khtemI
]nXmalx
AhtemIy h]p {_m Imamo
b apaw
icocw XsbmWv Almcbphpw _pn_oP
bphpamb ]pcyjvSIw Fv ]dbsSpXv. AXv
PohnIfpsS lrZb Iaen Idnsmncnp
hns\tmsebmWv . thhnptm Iqhfmbv
qeambnocpXpt]mse B kqva icocn
Xo{hhpw kwth\mIhpamb icoc`mh\bpmbm
AXv qeambn Xocpp. B tXPv kzmImin
aqibn sh kzw t]mse Xnfpp. AXv apIfn
incpt]msebpw Xmsg]mZ t]msebpw ]m-
izfn `pP t]msebpw a[y`mKv hbdpt]mse
bpw Ccnpp. Cs\ AXv ]q icocw {]m]np
p. B icocw XsbmWv _pn _ew hocyw Dmlw
hnm\w ssh`hw Ch tNv temI]nXmal\mb
{_mhmbn cq]w sImffpXv.
159. Nnmat`yXy `Khm {XnImemae Zi\x
GXkv an ]camImti Nnm
ss{XIm cq]nWn
160. AZrjvS]mc]cyt {]Yaw Inw `thZnXn
CXn NnnXhm {_m ktZymPm
Xmaem \rIv
161. A]iyXv kzhrm\n kaXoXm\y t\Iix
kvacXytYm k kIem kh [
KpW {IamXv
162. eoebm Iev]bmamk Nn{Xx
kev]nXx {]Pm
\m\mNmckamcwt`m Kh \Kcw bYm
163. Xmkw kzm]hmw [
Imam kntb
A\m\n hnNn{XmWn imkv {XmWn
ka Iev]bXv
164. hncnncq]mkx Iev]nX XzmXv
PKXv kvXntXx
Cs {]Xys {_mhv `qX `hnjy Zz
am\ {]Xyn ImWph\mWv . Atlw Xs
kpccq]w Iv Cu Nnm{XamIp ]camImin\v
BZnbpw Ahpw Csv hnNmcnp. CXn BZytXv
Fsv Nnntm Atlns B Npv
ssNX\yabambn AXoX Ime Zriyambn. At\Iw
kz ImWsp. AtXmsS Atln\v kh
[fpsSbpw KpWfpsSbpw {Iaw Hmnm
Ignp. ]ns ]e hn[nepff {]PIsf krjvSnp.
AhcpsS [m Imatam hnNn{X ]Zm
sfbpw imkv {Xsfbp kz\cImZnIsfbpw
kev ]np. Cu a\p XsbmWv {_ cq]w. Fp
sImsm `mh\bm {]] nXambXn\m
{_mhns PohnXtmsSmw Xs CXns PohnXhpw
cq]wsImpw {_mhns PohnXtmsSmw Xs
CXns PohnXhpw cq]w sImpw {_mhns Bbpv
\inptm a\pw \inpp.
165. \ PmbtX \ {]nbtX Iz NnXv
InnXv IZmNu
]camt\ hnt{]anYym khw
Xp ZriytX
I K
N P
673
166. tImiamim`qPwKm\mw kwkmcm
Uw_cw XyP
AktZXZnXn mXzm amXr`mhw \nthib
167. Kh\Kckymt ZqjntX ZqjntX XYm
AhnZymw ti kpXm Zuhm Ix {Iamx
kpJ ZpxJtbm
168. [\Zmtcjp hrtjp ZxJbpw \ XpjvSXm
hrbmw taml ambmbmw Ix
kaizmkhm\nlm
169. ssb tch PmbtX cmtKmaq
J\ym[nbXmw KssXx
ssXtch `mssKx {]mky hncmK
D]PmbtX
{_ bYmn Bcpw acnpn. P\np
pan. CumWpsXmw anYybmWv. Cu kmcm
Uw_cw Bim`pPwKfpsS Ccn n SamWv . CXv
ssIshSnbpI. CXv AkmWdnv amXE`mhn
{]thinpI. K\h\Kcw Fs\sbnepambncn
s, AXv \nmcamWv . AXpt]mse AhnZymwKfmb
`mcym]p{XmZnIfpw XpSamWv. AXn\m Ahsbn
Nnnt. [\w k{Xn Fnhsbmw {]]w Xs.
AhbpsS hrn ZpxJIcamWv . CXn ktmjnpXv.
\ncas{X. tamlambIfn Bpw kpJtam
imntbm Innbn. Am\nI kpJ{]Zsap-
tXmp hkvXp m\nI shdppp.
170. AtXm \nZmL XXz
hyhlmtcjvT kwkrtXx
\jvSw \jvSapt] kz {]m]vXw
{]m]vXap]mlc
171. A\mKXm\mwt`mKm\mahmRvO\ aIr{Xnaw
BKXm\mw N kwt`mK CXn
]WvUnX eWw
172. ipw k Z ktZma[yw ]Zw
_p[zmhew_y N
\ Xky en]ytX {]m ] ]{X
anhmw _p`nx
173. bky tNmXz\nmkymXv ky IWn
XnjvTXx
\ Xky en]ytX {]m ] ]{X
anhmw _pZnx
174. bZntXt\{nbm{io kv]tX
lrZn sshZznP
XZm hnmX hntbm kapotm
`hmhmXv
175. Dssx ]Zmb ]cbm {]bm
hmk\m KWmXv
XmhXv ncnbwt{]mm Xmti\m
iam]v\pbmXv
AXpsImv \nZmL, XXzm\nbmb \o {]m]
nI hyhlmcfn GsXmw \jv SsSppthm Ah
B{KlncpXv. kzbw Inph kzoIcnmw. {]m]vX
fmb t`mK bYmhn[n kzoIcnmw. A{]m]y
B{KlnmXncnpI. CXmWv ]Wv UnX eWw
kZkpp at[y \nesImffp ip]Zsn
Adnhpt\Sn AXv Ahew_npI. _mlym`cZriy
XyPnptbm {KlnmXncnpItbm sNpI.
shffnse Xmac AXpambn _sSpn. AXp
t]mse Cm\nI kam\ambn IcpXn PohnpI.
m\nI In en]v Xcmbncpn. _pnsb
AXn en]vXamn. lrZbn C{nb hn^e
kv ]npnsn AdntbImcyfdnv kwkmc
kmKcw XcWw sNpI. t`mKhnjbfmIp ]q
fpsS Kw FSpp IgXn\ptijw AXn \npw
Nnhrnsb amn hnm Db ]Zw e`nm
Ignbpw.
176. kwkmcmw_p\n[makvan hmk\mw
_p]ctX
tb {]m \maamcqVmkv tX Xomx
]WvUnXmx]tc
177. \XyPn \ hmRvOn hyhlmcw PKZvKXw
khtahm\pht ]cmhc hntZmP\mx
178. A\kym XXzaky km
kmam\y cq]nWx
Nn{XtXmpJXzw XXv
kev]mpcw hnZpx
179. teiXx {]m]vXkmI k Gh J\Xmw
iss\x
bmXn NnXzam]qcy ZrVm
PmUymb taLhXv
180. `mhbn NnXnivssXyw
hyXncn anhm\x
kev ]Xm anhmbmXn _oPapcXmanh
181. kev ]\w ln kev] kzbtah {]PmbtX
htX kzbtahmip ZpxJmb \
kpJmb XXv
kwkmcamIp kmKcw t`mtK Pe ]cnXamWv .
{]bmIp tXmWnbn Ibdnb ]WvUnXm Cu
kmKcw XcWw sNbv Xp. {]]sn Adnh
{]m]nI hyhlmcfn B{Klw {]ISnnpItbm
I K
N P
674
Ah ssI hnSpItbm sNpn. Ah kIeXn\pw
A\mkcmbncnpw kev]ns Apcw B
XXzssNX\yns hnjbm`napJamb {]bmWamWv.
ImcWw kev ]w {ItaW ZrVambnocpp. Atm
Ahbm adbvsp PUXzw {]m]np _oPw Ap
cmhbnsepp; tNX\ hnjbfn \npw`n
sap IcpXn kev ] cq]n \nesImffpp.
kev]n AXns {]h\w kpJ{]Za; ZpxJw
\IpXmWv .
182. am kev]b kev]w am `mhw
`mhb nXu
kev]\mti\ btXm \ `qtbm\\p KNvOXn
183. `mh\m `mhamt{XW kev]x
obtX kzbw
kevt]ss\h kev]w
a\sskh at\mapt\
184. OnXzm kzm\nXnjp Xzw IntaXm
hXn ZpjvIcw
bssYthZw \`x iq\y PKXv iq\yw
XssYh ln
185. X_peyky bYm N bYm Xm{aky Imfnam
\iyXn {Inbbm hn{] ]pcpjky XYm aew
186. Pohky XWvUe tkyh aew klPa]yew
\iytXyh \ ktlkvXkvam
ZptcymKhm `thXv
AXn\m NnnepmIp kev ] {Inbsb
XSbpI. Hcp ]t kev]w Dmbmepw AXn
]Zm `mh\ AcpXv. ImcWw kev]w \innp
hm Ddh AXns\ {InbmIamphm A\p
hZnpIbn. `mh\ \inm kev ]hpw \inpw.
a\psImv a\ns\ PbnpI. kev ]m
kev ]s PbnpI. Cs\ Bkzcq]n
nXnsNm {ianpI. BImisatmWw Cu {]]
hpw iq\yamIpp. sNns mhpw s\ns Danbpw
{ianm amm IgnbpXpt]mse a\pjys amen\y
tZmj {InbsImv AIm Ignbpw. kwibnm
\n. AXn\m kZm bXv\ ]c\mIpI.
Bdma[ymbw
1. Acmw ]cnXyPy `mh{inw `mh\mabnw
tbm kn.tkm kn. PKXykvan
eoebm hnlcm\L
2. kh{Xml aItXn ZrV
`mh\bmkvabm
]camarX\mav \o km kassX hm h injytX
3. tJtZmmk hnemtkjp kzm
IrX ssbIbm
kzkevt] bw bmtX kassX hm
h injytX
4. kaXm kh`mthjp bm ku
kXy ]cmnXnx
Xkyma\nXw Nnw \ `qtbm
P`mKv `thXv
5. AYhm kh IrXz aIrXzw
N ssh apt\
khw Xyzm a\x ]oXzm tbm kn
tkm kn ntcm`h
6. tijnc kam[mt\m tb\ XyPkn
XXv XyP
Nn\x Ie\mImcw {]Imi Xnancm ZnIw
7. hmk\mw hmknXmcw N {]im [ox
8. lrZbmXv kw]cnXyPy
khhmku ]wbx
bkvXnjvTXn KXhy{Kx kapx ]ctaizcx
9. ZrjvSm {`jvShyaJnew {`mw
{`mym ZntimZi
bpym ssh NctXm ky
kwkmtcm ZntimZi
bpym h NctXm ky kwkmtcm
tKmjv] ZmIrXnx
10. k_mlym`ytc tZtl ly[ Du[zw
N `np N
CX Bm XtXm ]ym \m kvXy\m
abw PKXv.
tl A\L, Acmh, `mh\mkv Ch
ssIhnv Xs bYm cq]n {]]n bm{X
XpScpI. kh{X AImhmIpI. Cs\bmbm
AarXmIamb kaX t\Smw. tJZw, Dmkw, hnemkw,
Ch a\pjy \nnXamWv . CXp a\nemnbm
kaXtb AhtijnpIbpffq. kaXbpsS bYmm
h {Klnv Ignm P\acWImcWw Xs
Ahkm\npp. Ihym Ihy XyPnv
a\v ]Tn v bYmcq ]n \nesImffp I.
Ahkm\w kIeXpw ssIhnv kam[n\mIpI.
tNX\ XsbmWv {]Imikzcq]w. AXpXs A
ImcambnocpXpw. ImcWw, am\knI kev ]w
hlnpXv AXmWv . AXn\m t`mtKv ImcWamb
hkv XpXI kaqew XyPnv BImistmse
kz hp w imhp amb Nn tmsS Ign bp I.
lrZb]qhw kIe t`mtKIfpw XyPnv a\n
I K
N P
675
hymIpeXbv nSsImSpmsX IgnbpI. As\bpff
h\mWv ap. ]p ZnpIfnepw Npndn Ah
ImtWXp ImWmi\mbn Xop. icocn\I
pw ]pdpw Xmsgbpw apIfnepw kh{X Bmhv
\ndncnppv . AXn\v Cu hnizw Hcnepw
A\mabamIpn. Fnepw {]bXv\nv kZmNmc
\ncX\mbn Ignbp m\nI kwkmc kmKcw
XcWw sNm Wn tbmKycmbn`hnpp.
11. \ XZkvXXn \ b X3lw \ XZkvXn
\ Xbw
Ina\yZ`n hmRv Oman khw knbw XXw
12. kakv Xw JeznZw {_khamt Z amXXw
Ala\y CZw Nm\yZnXn {`mnw XyPm\L
13. XtX{_ Lt\ \ntXykw`hn
\ Iev ]nXm
\ timtIm kv Xn \tam tlm kvXn\
Pcmkv Xn \ P hm
14. bZkvXn l X tZhmkvXn hnPztcm `h khZm
bYm {]m]vXm\p`hXxkh{Xm\`n
hmRv O\mXv
15. XymKmm\ ]cnXymKo hnPztcm `h khZm
btky Zw P ]mmXyw Xamtizh almatX
16. hnin hnZym hnaem apm thWp
anthmaw
hnca\kmw kayIvkz{]kwKm Zp ZmlrZw
17. {`jv SZi\ Zriym\n Xyzm
hmk\bm kl
Zi{]Xybm `mk amm\w kap]mkv a tl
19. Zztbma[yKXw \nXyakvXn \mkv XoXn
]tbmx
{]Imi\w {]Imim\mamm\w
ka]mkv at]m
20. kwXyPy lrZvKptlim\w tZha\yw
{]bmn tb
tX cXv\ma`nhmRv OnXylkvX
IukvXp`x
21. DnXm\pnXm t\yXm\n{nbmco
]p\x]p\x
l\ymXv hnthI ZWvtU\ ht{PtWh
lcn Knco
\nZmL, ""Rm A\y\msW sXnmcWA
ssIshSnbWw. Rm\nm ean. Bkaba
m hkvXphpan. CsXmw kpw NnbhpamsW
n ]ns Rm Fns\ B{KlnWw? CsXmw
BmhmWv . CXv _w XsCXn\p timItam taml
tam Pctbm Ptam Hpw Xsbn. \nXy\pw knZm\
L\\pamb Cu ]ctaizc\n Iev]\mabamb `mh
v km[yXbn. B XXzn ebnXmsWmw.
AXn\m Hpw BinmsX, Ffpn ssIhcpXv
A\p`hnpI. XymPy {Kmly Nn IqSmsX hnImc
clnX\mbncnpI. C\n PsaSpt Ahbp
ffh\n t{ijv SPmXnbn s] apnset]mse
kzamb hnZb {]thinpp. {`jvSmhn\v Zrkyw aptJ\
e`np kpJm\p`qXn BXzm Dmb kv]\w
XsbmsWpw AXns\ \Xpt]mse D]mknpp
shpw sshcmKy Nnm kzw A\p`qXnbm
hyamnbnpv . ""Dv'' ""C'' Fnhv cn\pw
at[y nXnsNpXpw Fm {]Imifmpw
{]Imihpamb Bmhns D]mkImcmWv \.
Bmhv \psS lrZbn atlizcs\ \nebn
hknpp. B imizXmmhns\ ssIhnv A\yhkvXp
v {]bXv\nph ssIbnencnp IukvXp`
cXv \w hnv ap cXv \w At\zjnphcmWv. {]_e
tfm _elo\tfm BIs. C{nbfmIp
i{Xpsf hnthIamIp hSnsImSnv \nb{Ww
C{ Xs h{Pmbp[m alm]hXsf shn
hogv nbXpt]mse hnthI _pnbm C{nb
fmIp i{Xpsf hnhIamIp hSnsImSnv
\n{nWw C{ Xs h{Pmbp[m alm]h
Xsf shn hogv nbXpt]mse hnthI _pnbm
C{nbfmIp i{Xpsf Dbcm CSsImSpm
XncnpI.
22. kwkmc cm{Xn Zpxkz]vt\ iqt\y
tZlatb {`ta
khtahm ]hn{Xw XXv ZrjvSw
kwkrXn hn{_aw
23. Amt\m]ltXm _mte buht\
h\nXm lXx
titjIf{X Nnmx In ItcmXn \cm[ax
24. ktXm kmnXm ap[v\n ZpxJm\n In
taIw kwibm arlw
25. tbjmw \ntajtWmtazju
PKXx{]ftbmZbu
XmZrim ]pcpjmbmn amZrimw
KWss\h Im
Cu kpc icocw kwkmcamIp cm{Xnbn
ImWp Zpxkz]v\w t]msebmWv . AXns KXn A]hn
{XamIpp. _meyn Am\mKX; bu\n
kv{Xohnjb NnI, AyImev `mcym ]p{XmZnIsf
kw_n Nn Cs\bpff \cm[a\v Btm
Xnv FpsNm Ignbpw? kns ta Ak
I K
N P
676
ns hnPbhpw kucynsta sshcq]yns
hnPbhpw kpJns ta ZpxJns hnPbhpw
\Sp Ahbn Xm GXn s\ icWw
{]m]nWw? BcpsS \nthtjmtjmtemtWm
kwkmcnse krjvSn nXn ebmZnI \SpXv
B ]pcpj t]mepw Imem I_foIrXamIptm
Fstmepff \nmcmcpsS Ah FmIpw?
26. kwkmc Gh ZpxJm\mw koam
CXn IYytX
Xt[y ]XntX tZtl kpJ
amkzmZytX IYw?
27. {]_ptm kvan {]_ptm kvan
ZpjvStmtcmbam\m
at\m \ma \nlktay\w a\km
kvan Nncw lrXx
28. amtJZw ZP tltbjpt\m]mtZb ]tcm `h
tlbm tZbZriu cyzm tijtx
kp ntcm`h
29. \ncmiXm \n`bXm \nXyXm akXm Xm
\ncolXm \njv{InbXm kuayXm
\nhnIev ]Xm
30. [rXnssa{Xo a\kvXpjvSn arZpXm
arZp `mjnXm
tltbm ]mtZb \npt t
Xnjv Ty ]hmk\w
31. KrloX XrjvWm i_co hmk\m PmeaXXw
kwkmc hmcn {]krXw Nnm Xp`ncm XXw
32. A\bm XojvWbm XmX Onn _pn
iemIbm
hmXy tbhmw_pZw Pmew OnXzm Xnjv T
XtX ]tZ
At A\s ZpxJsav IcpXsSp Cu {]
n IpSpp tZlw Fs\ kpJw BkzZnm
\mWv? Bmhns\ tamjvSn Iff Fs Cu Zpjn
Nnw Xs. CXv FtmgmWv Fs tamjvSnsX
dnpIqSm. Fm Ctm F\n hyambn. AXn
\m Rm AXns\ XIpw? tlb]Zmp
thn ZpxJnpXn FmWw? AXpt]mse
D]mtZb hkv Xpfn Bkn DmIpXp shdp
sXbmWv. AXn\m tlbw D]mtZbw FnhbpsS
t`Z_p n shSn v ap ffhbn DdncnWw.
Fsmev m\nbn \nXyX, A`nX, kaX,
\njv{InbXzw \njvIma`mh\ kmwkvmcnI hnjb
fn hncn \nhnIev]vXzw kuayX, amhw, [rXn
ssa{Xn ktmjw, kcf`mjWw Fo KpW
\ndncnpw. XrjvWbmIp Immfn t`mKhmk\
bmIp he hncnncnpp. \o AXn AIsp.
acoNnImIamb Cu Pew NnamIp IncWfm
kh{X hym]vXamWv. Ipt, Cu ambsb m\
amIp Iq icm sImSpmv taLsfsb
t]mse XIv Xs bYm cq]n Ddv \ne
sImffpI.
33. a\sskh a\xivOnXzm IpTmtctWh ]mZ]w
]Zw ]mh\amkmZy kZy Gh ntcm `h
34. Xnjv T K kz] Pm{K \nhkpXv
]X ]X
AktZthZaniyw \nnXymmw
]cnXyQ
35. Zriyam{ibkoZw tNXv kntm
kntamhm
36. \mlw t\ZanXn [ymb XnjvT XzaNemNe
Bt\m PlXm ZrjvSZriy
Zimtc
37. Zi\mJyw kzamm\w khZm `mhb `h
kzmZykzmZI kwXyw kzmZy
kzmZI a[yKw
acns IjWw LSnn tImSmensImv acs
shn hogv pXpt]mse a\psImv Xs a\
ns\ tOZnv kpnc\mbncnpI. Ccnptmgpw
Fgptptmgpw \Sptmgpw Ddptmgpw
F Fm AhIfnepw Fmw Ak{Zq]sav
IcpXn Zriyhkv XptfmSpff B ssIhnSpI.
ImcWw, Zriyw sImpXs Nnns _\n
AIsSpp. Zriyfv ssIshSnm Nn iq\yX
sImv \o tam {]m]vXn[nImcnbmIpp. ""temIhp
an, Rm\pan F `mh\tbmsS ]hXw t]mse
ANe\mhpI. BXvamhn\pw hnizn\pw a[ynepw
Zriyns a[ynepw kzbw Zi\amIp Bm
hpsv IcpXpI. kzmZpff ]Zmw. AX vBkzZnp
h cn\pw at[ybpff AhtbmsS tIhew
kzmZns\ am{Xw Nnnp ]cammhn ebnm
Xmev]cyw hlnpI.
38. kzZKw tIhew [ymb ]camatbm `h
Ahew_y \ncmew_w at[y at[y
ntcm `h
39. cq _m hnapNyt XrjvWm
_m \ tI\NnXv
XkvamnZmLp XrjvWmw Xzw XyP
kev] hP\mXv
I K
N P
677
tIhew kzmZKw [ym\npsImv ]cam]cam
hpI. \ncmew_s Ahew_nv a[yn nc\m
hpI. IbdpsImv sIsh tamNnsSpp.
Fm XrjvWm_m tamNnsSpn. AXn\m
\o \nZmL XrjvW ssIhnv kev]sf shSnv
ap\mIpI.
40. GXmalw `mhabo a]pWymw
OnXzm \lw `mh iemIssbh
kz`mhPmw `hy `hm `qau
`h {]imm Jne `qX `oXnx
41. Altajmw ]Zmm\m tatX Naa PohnXw
\ml ta`n hn\m InnhssbtX
hn\m Ine
42. CXy \nbw Xyzm hnNmcy
a\km kl
\mlw ]Zm ky \ ta ]Zm
CXn `mhntX
43. AxioXebm _q[ym IphtXm eoe
bm {Inbm
tbm \q\w hmk\mXymtKm t[ytbm {_
{]IonX
XrjvW Almcbphpw kev ]abhpamWv.
Cu Xrjv W tOZnm\pff almkv {Xw Alw `mhcm
lnXyamWv. P\\acW `ojWnbn kIe PohnIfpw
apgpIpp. Cu temIn \npw \n`b\mbn ]cam
temIn kcnpI, im\mbn Nnnv
t`mtK shSnbpI. Cu ]Zmw FsX; F\nv
Cu ]Zmfpambn _an F `mh\tbmsS
\ncmew_mhbn nXn sNWw.
44. khw kaXbm _p[ym bxIrXzm
hmk\mbw
PlmXn \ntam tZlw \tbm ku
hmk\mbx
45. Almcabow Xyzm hmk\mw
eoessbh bx
XnjTXnt[yb kwXymKo kPoh
p DNytX
46. \nqew Ie\mwXyzm hmk\mw
bx iaw KXx
tbw XymKanaw hnn apw
Xw {_mtWma
47. ZzmthXu {_ Xmw bmXu Zzmth Xu
hnKX Pzcu
B]vkp bYmImew kpJZpxtJ jz
\mcXu
kv\mbk tbmKn\m\ Zmu hnn
imu ap\oizc
48. Cu]v knXm \o]vkntX \ kvtXmbkym
hn ZrjvSnjp
kpjp]vX hZycXn k Poh DNytX
49. ljmaj `bt{Im[m ImaImWy
ZrjvSn`nx
\ lrjXn mbXnbx ]cami hnhPnXx
50. _mlym hmkt\mZv `qXm XrjvWm
_tXn IYytX
khm hmkt\m`qX XrjvWm aptXn
`WytX
51. CZakvXp ata Xy anmw
{]m\bm\znXx
Xmw XoW irwJemw hnn ZpxJP
`b {]Zm
52. XmtaXmw kh`mthjv S kXv kzkp
N khZm
kwXyPy ]ctamZmcw ]ZaXn alma\mx
53. _mmaY tammnc kpJ
ZpxJ Zima]n
Xyzm kZkZmkmw Xzw XnjvTm p_v[
alm_v[nhXv
kaXzt_[w Iev t`mtKsb khYm _elo
\amn aaXm lo\\mbnocph\v icoc_hpw
XyPnmw. AXn\m t`tK \miamWv ]caIhyw
AlmcmIhmk\ XyPnv t[yb hkvXphns\bpw
XyPnph\mWv Pohp. kev ]hmk\ kaqew
ssIhnSpIbmWv imn{]Zw. {_m\nt B XymKw
km[yamIq. As\bpff {_m\n t{ijv T\m
Ipp. Ah {]mnI ZpxJpcmbn {_]Zw
{]m]npp. tbmKnI iaZabpcmIbm kpJZpxJ
en]vXc, Cm \nmclnX\bn kpjp]v Xs\t]mse
s]kcpamdph\mWv Pohp. hmk\mclnX
Imat{Im[tamllj `bmZnIv ASnabmIn.
_mly hnjb \Ip XrjvW _\w \Ipw.
khhmk\mclnXamb Xrjv Wapn {]ZamWv .
GsXnepw InWsa B{Klw ZpxJ{]ZamWv. CXv
tLmc_\ kzcq]amWv. k\ kZk{Zq]
fmb ]Zmfnepff B{Klw khZm shSnv
]ca]Zw {]m]npp. Ipt, _\nepw tam
nepw DmIp hnizmk Fmw Xs kpJZpxJ
kzcq]fmWv . Ahsbmw ssIhnv {]im alm
kap{Zw t]mse \ne\pw im\pambn XocWw.
I K
N P
678
54. PmbtX \nbx kmt[m ]pcpjky
NXphn[x
55. B]mZakvXI alw amXm]nXm]nXr
hn\nnXx
CtXytIm \ntbm {_ _mbmk
hntemI\mXv
56. AXoXx kh`mth`ym _mem{Km
Z]ylw X\p
CXn ZznXotbm tammb \ntbm
PmbtX kXmw
57. PKPzme ]Zmmm kh Ghml abx
XrXotbm \nbtm tamm
ssbhZzntPma
58. Alw PKZzm kIew iq\yw thyma kaw kZm
Gh taj NXptm ]n \ntbm tam
knnZx
59. GtXjmw {]Yax t{]m kv Xrjv Wbm
_tbmKybm
ip XrjvWmkv{Xbx kzm Pohpm
hnemkn\x
60. khw Nm]yl tahXn \ntbm
tbm almatX
XamZmb hnjmZmb \ `qtbm PmbtX aXnx
{_, \mep hn[nepff \nbfmWv a\pjy
\pffXv. 1.""Fs icocw krjv SnXv amXm]nXmm
cmWv'' 2. Rm PKZmI `mhclnX\pw tIim{Ks
mfpw kqvaImchpamb BmhmWv . 3. Rm AJne
hniz]ZmfpsS Bmhmb khkzcq]\pw
Ahn\minbpamIpp. 4. Rm\pw Cu kq hnizhpw
BImistmse iq\yhpamWv. cmw \nbw sImv
k\ apn {]m]npp. aqmasXp sImv
apn e`nm\nSbmIpp. \memw \nbhpw tam{]Z
amWv. HmasXmIs _\w \Ip XrjvW
tbmSp IqSnbXmWv . cpw aqpw \mepw \nbtfmSp
IqSnbh BXXz \ncXcmb PohpcmWv. Fmw
Xm XsbmsW t_m[apffh hnjmZn s]Sp
n.
61. iq\yw XXv {]IrXn ambm {_
hnm\ anXy]n
inhx]pcpj Cuimt\m \nXyamtXn
IYytX
62. ssZzXmssZzXkapZv`qssX PKnmW
eoebm
]cam abn inssZzssXhw ]n{Pw `tX
63. khmXoX ]Zmew_o ]cn]q INnbx
t\mtZzKo \ N Xpjv Smm kwkmtc
\m hkoZXn
64. {]m]vXIItcm \nXyw i{Xp an{X
kam\ ZrIv
CulnXm \o ssXaptm \ timNXn
\ ImwXn
65. khkym`naXw hm tNmZnXx
t]itemnam
Bib `qXm\mw kwkmtc
\mh ko ZXn
66. ]qhmw ZrjvSnahjvS`yt[yb
XymK hnemkn\ow
Pohpbm kztm temI hnlmc hnPzcx
67. AxkwXb khmtim hoX cmtKm
hnhmk\x
_lnx kth kamNmtc temI hnlc hnPzcx
68. _lnx IrXna kwcwt`m lrZnkwcw` hPnXx
Im _lncIm temI hnlc
ip [ox
69. Xy lw IrXycmizkvX aXn ] cmImi
tim`\x
AKrloX Ifmt, temtI hnlc ip [ox
Bmshp ]dbsSp iq\yw XsbmWv
{]IrXn, amb, inh ]pcpj Cuim\ {_m\w
Chsbmw. ]c{_ kw_nbmb AssZzXin
XsbmWv ssZzXambn ImWsSpXv . AssZzXm
{]ISamIp ]Zmfm hnizkrjv Snpff amb
{]hamIpp. hniz {]]mKXambn Bmh
nXmcmbn ktmjtam km]tam IqSmsX ]cn
]q Nnbmhbn Ccnph {]m]nI
ZpxJfn s]Spn. \o kIe BiIfpw ssIhnv
hmk\m iq\y\pw cmKclnX\pw Xm] clnX\pambn
Fm kmwkv ImcnI Ifpw _mlycq]n am{Xw
sNpI. ]pdsa tIm]apmbmepw Dffn AXv ]mSn.
_mlyambn IhmWv Fnepw cnIambn AIm
hmIWw. Cs\ ip Nn\mIpI. Fsm
i{Xphns\bpw an{Xsbpw Hcp t]mse IcpXph\pw
\nXy {]m]v X I sNph\pw Cm\nm
hnap\pw timI ljmZn clnX\pw {]nb `mjnbpw
]cwKnX m\nbpambncnph am{Xw Cu temI
n ZpxJn\ncbmIpn. Almc ssIhnv If
Imfna IecmX BImiw t]mse \neamb lrZb
tmsS ipam\k\mbn kzw PohnpI.
I K
N P
679
70. DZmcx t]iem NmcxkhmNmcm\p hrnam
AxkwK]cnXymKo _lnx kw`mc hm\nh
71. Ass sshcmKyamZmb _lncmImtim
ptJ lnXx
Abw _pcbw t\Xn KW\m
eLp tNXkmw
72. DZmcNcnXm\mw Xp hkpss[h IpSpw_Iw
`mhm`mh hn\npw PcmacWhPnXw
73. {]imIe\m cay \ocmKw ]Zam{ib
Gjm {_monXnx kzm
\njvImamhnKXmabmx
74. BZmb hnlcthw ktSjp \ aplyXn
sshcmtKyWmY imkvt{XmW alXzmZn
KpssWc]n
75. bXv kev] hnlmcmw
kzbtathmb a\x
sshcmKymXv ]qXmtaXn at\m\mi
him\pKw
76. Bibm cXmtaXn icZoh ktcm
aew Xtah
`n hnckw hym]mcuLw ]p\x ]p\x
77. Znhtk Znhtk Iph {]mx Ikvam
etX
NnssXy IentXm _kvXpu
apn cpNytX
DZmcmNcWw tNv, DZmcaXnbmbn hnjbm\m
k\mbn t{ijv TmNmc]c\mbn AxIcWn
sshcmKytmsS _mlyambn Da coXnbn s]cpam
dpI. CXv Fs _ph, Cbm _phmWv. Cu
amXncnNn Aev ] _pnIfpsSXmWv. DZmcaXnIv
kakvX hnizhpw kzw IpSpw_amIpp. `mhm`mh
clnXhpw PcmacWhnlo\hpw kh kev]m{inXhpw
cmKclnXhpamb ]ca ]Zn AhnX\mIpI.
CXmWv Ima\mclnXhpw \nehpamb {_mo F
nXn. Cu nXn B{ibnp km[I\v kSw
hps]mepw e`n m\m DmIp alXzmZn
KpWfmtem sshcmKy _pnbmtem kmev]w ssI
shSnp Ignm a\v DXmh {]m]npp.
\ncmimabamb a\n\v sshcmKy sat\y ]qX
t\Sm Hn. a\v BimabamIptm icXv
Imes kz ktcmhcw t]mse cmKapamIpp.
Fm t`mKapamb a\v hopw cmKmZnIfn
AIsSpphm hnmmv e tXmm
sXmWv? Nn hnjbfpsS kwtbmKw Xs _
\w. _\n \npw tamN\w t\SpXpXs apn.
78. NnZssNX\ymInem tXn khknm
kw{Klx
GXn bamZmb hntemIb [otbbm
79. kzbtahm\mm\am\w ]Zam]v\y kn
NnZlw NnZntatemImn Zm imnZn
amx {]Pmx
80. Zriy Zi\ \npx tIhemae cq]hm
\ntXymZn tXm \ncm `mtkm {`jvSm kmo
NnZmIx
81. ssNX\y \np Nn{Zq]w ]q
tPymXn kzcq]Iw
kwim khw kw thZyw kwhnm{X
alw alXv
82. kwim kh kev]x {]im
kItejWw
\nhnIev] ]Zw KXzm kztm `h ap\oizc
hnjb hnap NnamWv Bmshv thZmw
A\pimknpp. Cu Nn kXysadnv ipmx
IcWm Bmhns\ ZinpI Atm B\
kzcq]amb ]Zw ssIhcpw. Cu temIfpw ZnpIfpw
PohnIfpw Fmw Nnw Xs Rm\pw NnmWv .
Zriymepw Zi\mepw, khpw \nehpamb
cq]tmSp Iq Snb Cu kmn bmb Nn Zmmhv
B`mkclnXhpw \nXyhpw {]Xyambpw {`jv Shmbn
Xoncnpp. Rm alpw Nnm{X kzcq]hpw
]q tPymXnx kzcq]hpw kh{]Imcnepw kwth
Z\m aphpw Nn{Zq]hpamIpp. apt\, kIeev]fpw
imamn Ima\I ssI shSnv \nhnIev] kam[n
ssIsImffpI.
83. b Camw atlm]\n jZw { _mtWm
\nXya[otX At{im{Xnbx t{im{Xntbm `hXn.
A\p]\oXx D]\otXm `hXn. tkm n ]qtXm
`hXnx
k tkma]qtXm `hXn k kXy ]qtXm `hXn.
kkh `qtXm `hXn k ksshx tZ sshx
mtXm `hXn . kx kthjp Xotjp
k\mtXm `hXn. kxksshx tZ sshc\p[ym tXm
`hXn. kkh{X Xp`ncnjv Shm `hXn. Kmb-
{Xymx jjv Tn kl{kmWn P]v Xm\n ^em\n
`hn. CXnlmk ]pcmWm\w iX kl{kmWn
P]v Xm\n ^em\n `hn. {]Whm\m abpXw
P]v Xw `hn B Npjx ]wn ]p\mXn
Bk]v Xam ]pcpj bpKm ]p\mXn. CXyml
`Khm lncWy K`x Pt]y\m arXXz w N
KXoXyp]\njv .
I K
N P
680
GsXmcp {_mW Cu atlm]\njv \nXyhpw
A[yb\w sNpp. Abm At{im{Xnb\msWn
t{im{Xnb\mbnocpp. D]\oX\sn D]\oX\m
Ip p . Ah An ]q X\mbn , hmbp ]q X\mbn
tkma]qX\mbn kXy]qX\mbn `hnpp. ]cn]q
ip\pw kIetZhmcmepw [ym\n ^ehpw Xom
S\ ^ehpw Ah\v knnpp. Ah kh
Imhmbn At\Ikl{kw Kmb{Xn P]nmepm
Ip ^en\l\mIpp. ]Xn\mbncw {]Whw
P]nXpsImpw At\I kl{kw CXnlmk ]pcmW
hmbnXpsImpw e`nmhp ^ew Inpp.
ImWm IgnbpnStmfw ]wnIsf ]cnipamp
p. Ahs GgpapXeapdmcpw Ggv ]n Xeapd
mcpw ipcmIpp. CXp P]npXn\m AarXXzw
e`npp. CXv almb D]\njmsWv {_mhv
]dnpv.
atlm\njv kam]np.
Q
apntIm]\njv
1
3
imn]mTw
Hmw. ]q aZx ]qanZw ]qmXv ]qapZ
NytX. ]qky ]qamZmb ]qtahmh
injytX.
Hmw. imnx imnx imnx.
Hmw. {]Whcq]amb ]c{_w khhn[nepw
]qamIpp. ]qambXn \npamWv Cu ]qw
A`nhyambnpXv. ]qn \np ]qs
FSpm ]qw Xs Ahtijnpp. Hmw. imnx
imnx imnx
Hmaymbw
1. Atbmym \Ktc ctay cXv\aWvU] ayta
koXm`cX kuan{Xn i{XpLv\mssZyx
ka\znXw.
2. k\ImssZyap\nKssW hknjvTmssZyx
ipImZn`nx
Ass\y`mKhssXm]n kvXqbam\
alniw
3. [ohn{Inbmkl{kmWmw kmnWw
\nhnImcnWw.
kzcq][ym\ \ncXw kam[nhncta lcnw.
4. `ymip{iqjbmcmaw kv Xph]
{]amcpXnx
cma Xzw ]cammkn knZm\ eWx
kpcamb Atbmym\Kcnse cXv\aWvU]
aty koXm`cX evaW i{XpLv\amtcmsSmcpanv
{iocmaN{ hmgpp.
k\ImZnap\nam hknjvTmZn {_jnam, ap
`mKhXm Fn hcm kv Xp XnsSph\pw
_pnbpsS [qjW\ kl{kp kmn`qX\pw
Bb {iocma N{ kam[nbn \np hncantm
Atls ip{iqjnXn\ptijw {io l\pam ]d
p: Atbm cmaN{m, Av knZm\kzcq]\mb
]cammhmWv.
5. CZm\ow Xzmw cLpt{ijvTm {]Waman
aplplpx
Xz{Zq]w mXpanman XztXm
cmaaptb.
6. A\mbmtk\ tb\mlw aptNybw
`h_\mXv
Ir]bm hZ ta cma tb\ aptm `hmaylw.
tl cLpt{ijvTm, Rm Asb hopw hopw
\akv cnpp. ap n mbn Rm Abp sS
bYmcq]w Adnhm\m{Klnpp. GsXmn\m
Rm A\mbmtk\ kwkmc_\n \npw
ap\mIptam B bYm cq]adnhm\mWv Rm
B{KlnpXv. I\nhpmbn F\nv apnt\Sphm
thnbp AbpsS Xzw D]tZinp Xmepw.
I K
N P
681
7. km[p ]rjvSw alm_mtlm hZman irWp
XzXx
thZmt kp{]XnjvtTm lw thZmw
kap]m{ib.
tl alm_mtlm, \o tNmZnXv hfsc \s.
Rm Xzw ]dbmw \o tIpsImI. Rm thZm
n {]XnjvTnX\mIpp. \o thZms B{ibn
pI.
8. thZmx tI cLt{ijvT, ht
Ip{X tX hZ
l\pam irWp hyan
thZmnXnaRv Pkm.
l\pam: tl cLphoc, thZm GhbmWv?
Ah FhnsSbmWv nXnsNpXv? Cmcyw F\np
]dp Xmepw
{iocma l\pam, tIpsImI. Rm thZm
ns nXnsbn CtmXs ]dp Xcppv .
9. \nxizmk`qXmtahnjv tWmthZmPmXx
kphnkvX
cmx Xntejp ssXehtZztZ thZmx
kp{]Xnjv TnXx
{iocma ]dp: thZm AXnhnkv XrX
fmWv. Ah Fs \nizmkn \npw DmbXmWv.
Fn Fsbt]mse thZfn thZmw kp{]
XnjvTnXambncnpIbmWv .
10. cma thZmx IXnhn[mkvtXjmw
imJm cmLh
Xmkq]\njZx Imx kyqx Ir]bm hZ XzXx
l\pam tNmZnp: tl cma, thZ F{Xhn[
apv? AhbpsS imJI GsXmw? Ahbn D]\nj
pI GsXmamWv? Chsbmw kZbw F\np
hniZambn ]dp Xmepw.
11. {iocma DhmN:
EtKzZmZn hn`mtK\ thZmXzmc CucnXmx
tXjmw imJmlyt\Imx kypkvXmkp
]\njZkv XYm
{iocma ]dp: EtKzZmZnhn`mKm thZ
\mseapsp Imcyw {]knamWtm. Ahbvp
At\Iw imJIfpw Dv . Ahbn D]\njpIfpw
At\Iapv.
12. EtKzZky Xp imJmx kyptcI
hnwiXnkwJyImx
\hm[nIiXw imJm bPpj amcpXmP
tl amcptX, EtKzZn\v Ccp]smp imJIfpw
bPpthZn\v \qnH]Xv imJIfpapv.
13. kl{kkwJybm PmXmx imJmx
kmav\x ]c]
AYhWky imJmx kyqx ]miZvt`
ZtXm ltc.
kmathZn\v Bbnchpw AYhthZn\v A]
Xpw imJIfpv.
14. GssIIkymkvXpimJmbm GssItIm]
\njaXm
XmkmtaImarNw tb\ ]TtX `ntXm abn.
15. k ambpPy ]Zhow {]m]v t\mXn
ap\nZp`w.
cmatI Nnap\nt{ijvT apntctIXn
Nntc.
16. tINnXv Xzmma`P\mXvImiyw
Xmtcm]tZiXx
At\y Xp kmwJy tbmtK\ `ntbm
tK\Nm]tc.
Hmtcm imJbvpw Hmtcm D]\njpapv. Ah
bnse Hcp thZhmIysanepw Fn `ntbmSp IqSn
]Tnp B a\\ioecmb ap\namp t]mepw
Zp`amb Fs kmbqPy]Zw {]m]npp.
l\pam ]dp. tl cma, Nne ap\nt{ijv Tm
{]m]yambXp apn Hpam{Xtabpq. Fv A`n{]mb-
sSpp. Nne AbpsS \ma`P\w sImpw,
apNne Iminbn XmcIat{m]tZimepw thsd
Nne kmwJytbmKw sImpw A]cm `ntbmK
mepw apn {]m]npp. Fp ]dbpp.
17. At\y thZm hmIym hnNmcmXv
]cajbx
kmtemIymZnhn`mtK\ NXp [mapncocnXm.
ap Nne aljnam thZm hmIymhnNmc
mepw apnsb {]m]npp. kmtemIyw XpSn
apn \mep hn[apsv A`n{]mbapv.
Pohmmhv ]cammhn ]qambn hnebncpp
XmWv. ssIheyapn. hnjv Wp temIw {]thinpI.
Atlns ASpncnpI. Atlns cq]s
kZm [ym\npsImncnpI. HSphn B cq]s kZm
[ym\npsImncnpI. HSphn B cq]n ebn
pI. Fns\ tamn\v \mehmt`Zfpv.
AhbmWv kmtemIy, kmao]y, kmcq], kmbqPy.
cq][ym\n Cs\ Aev ]mev ]ambn Dbv
`m kmbqPyw {]m]npp. cmaa{wsImv Cu
I K
N P
682
\mehtbbpw {]m]nmw. kmbqPyw XsbmWv ssI
heyw.
18. ktlmhmN {iocmax
ssIhey apntcssIh ]mcamn
Icq]nWo
ZpcmNmctXm hm]nama`P\mXv It].
19. kmtemIy apn am]vt\mXn \Xp temIm
Imiyw Xp {_\mtfkvan artXmamc
tam]v \pbmXv .
20. ]p\cmhrn clnXmw apnw
{]m]v t\mXn am\hx
b{X Iq{Xm]n hm Imiymw actW
k atlizcx
{iocma ]dp bYmn ssIheyapn
Hp am{Xta Dp. Zqhr\mbmepw Ah Fs
\ma`P\w sImv kmtemIyapnsb {]m]npp.
Ah\v A\ytemI {]m]vIn thn hcpn. Cu {_
\mf`qXamb Iminbn hv AyImev Fs XmcI
a{w {Klnph ]p\PclnXamb apnsb
{]m]npp. Iminbn FhnsS hv Ncaw{]m]nmepw
Ah atlizc\mbnocpp.
21. Ptm ZnW It Xp amcw
kap]mZntiXv
\nqXmtij ]m ]utLmamcq]yw
`PXybw.
Fs XmcIa{w {]mWnbpsS heXpsNhnbn
tInpI. B {]mWn kh]m]hn\np\mbn
Fs kmcq]ys {]m]npIXs sNpw.
22. sskh kymtemIy kmcq]y
apncnXy`n[obtX
kZmNmcctXm `qXzm ZzntPm \nXya\\y[ox
23. abnkhmtI `mthm amao]yw `PXybw
sskh kmtemIy kmcq]y kmao]ym
apncnjytX.
kmtemIy kmcq]yapn Fp ]dbsSpv
AXpXsbmIp p. kZmNmc\ncX\mbnov
khmI\mb Fn \nesImv A\\ykvI\mbn
AxIcWs kanp {_mlv aW Fs
kmao]ys {]m]npp. AXp XsbmWv kmtemIy
kmcq]y kmao]yapn Fp ]dbsSpXv.
24. Kpcp]ZnjvSamtW [ymb a{Zq]ahybw
ambqPyw ZznPx karKv`tPZv {`aIoShXv.
Kpcp D]tZin amn IqSn Ahybamb Fs
cq]s icnbmbhn[w [ym\np sImv {_mW
{`aIoS\ymtb\ thmf kzw Iqn Hcp ]pgphns\
sImphp shpp. Ipdp\mfpIv tijw
AXn \nv hcpXv ]pgph. asmcp thmf\mav cma
a{cq]m ]pXnb krjvSnbmhpp. Fs kmbqPy
s {]m]npp.
25. sskh kmbpPy apnx kymZv {_m\Ico
inhm NXphn[m Xpbm apn aZp]mk
\bm`thXv
AXpXsbmWv {_m\ {]Zhpw kpawKfZm
bIhpw BbkmbqPyapn. Cu \mephn[nep
`nbpw Fs D]mk\sImp e`npp.
26. Cbw ssIhey apnkvXp tIt\m]mtb\
knyXn amWv UqIytaItahmew
apapqWmw hnaptb
l\pam ]dp: `Khms\ Cu ssIhey apn
e`nphm\p D]mbsamWv?
{iocma ]dp_ apappv apnmbnv
amWvUptIym]\njXv Hpam{Xw aXnbmIpw.
27. XYm]yknw tNvRm\w Ztim]\njmZw
m\w e_v[zmNncmtZh amaIw
[ma bmkykn.
AXpsImv m\w e`nnsn Ztim]\nj
pI ]TnpI. Cu ]T\m m\w e`nv ANn
tcW Fs [mas {]m]npXmWv.
28. XYm]n ZrVXm t\m tNZv hnm
\kymRv Pkm
kpZZzm{Xnw imtJym]\njZw
ka`yky \nhb
cma\ ]dp: Fnpw hnm\w ZrVambn
sn tl ARvP\mP, apncp]\njpI
\t]mse A`yknv tams {]m]nmepw.
29. hntZl apmhnm tNZjvtSmciXw ]m
Xmkmw {Iaw \imnw N irWp
hyman XzXx
hntZlapnbmWv B{Klsan \qn Fv D]\n
jpI ]TnpI. AhbpsS bYm{Iaw Rm ]dbw.
30. CuitI\ IT {]iv\apWvU
amWvUqIyncnx
sFXtcbw N OmtmKyw _rlZm
cWyIw XYm
I K
N P
683
Cuimhmkyw, tI\w, Imw, {]iv \w, apWvUIw,
amWvUqIyw, ssXncobw, sFXtcbw, OmtmKyw,
_rlZmcWyIw.
31. {_ssIhey Pm_metizXmtizm
lwk Bcp
WxKt`m \mcmbtWm lwtkm _np
\mZincxinJm.
{_w, ssIheyw, Pm_mew, tizXmizXcw, lwkw,
BcpWoIw, K`w, alm\mcmbWw. ]ca lwkw,
{__np, AarX\mZw, AYhincw, AYh inJw.
32. ssa{XmbWo IujoXIo _rlm
_meXm]\o
Imemncp{Zssat{Xbo kp_mep
cna{nIm.
ssa{XmWn, IujoXIn {_mWw, _rlPvQm
_mew, \rknwl]qhXm]n\n, \rknwtlmcXm]n\n,
Imemncp{Zw, ssat{Xbo, kp_mew, pcnIw, am{nIw.
33. khkmcw \ncmew_w clkyw h{PkqNnIw
tXtPm\mZm[ym\
hnZymtbmKXzmt_m[Iw.
khkmcw, \ncmew_w, ipIclkyw, h{PkpNnIw,
tXtPm _np, \mZ_np, [ym\_np, {_hnZy,
tbmKXzw, B{]t_m[Iw.
34. ]cnhv]mSv {XninJo koXm NqUm\nh
hmWaWvUew
ZnWm ic`w kv Iw alm\mcmb
Wmlzbw.
\mcZ ]cp{hPIw, {XninJn {_mlvaWw, koX, tbmK
NqUmaWn, \nhmWw, aWv Ue{_mWw, ZnWm
aqn, ic`w, kv Iw, {Xn]mZzn`qXnalm \mcmbWw.
AZzbXmcIw.
35. clkyw cmaX]\w hmkptZhw N apZvKew
imWv Uneyw ss]wKew `np
almcocIw inJm.
cmaclkyw ({iocma]qhXm]n\n) {iocmtamcXm
]n\n) hmkptZhw, apZvKew, imWvUneyw, ss]wKew,
`npIw, alw, imcocIw, tbmKinJw.
36. XpcobmXoXk\ymk ]cn{hmPm
amenIm Ahy
ssImcw ]qmeqcym
[ymIpWv UnIm.
(XpcobmXoXw, kymkw, ]calwk ]cn{hmPIw,
AamenIw, Ahyw, GImcw, A]qm,
kqcym, An, Aymw, IpWvUnIw.
37. kmhn{Xymm ]mip]Xw ]cw {_mh
[qXIw
{Xn]pcmX]\w tZho{Xn]pcm IT`mh\
lrZbw IpWvUeo `kva cp{ZmIv, KW Zi\w
kmhn{Xn, Bw, ]mip]X{_w, ]c{_w,
Ah[qXw, {Xn]pcXm]n\n, tZhn, {Xn]pcw, Iwcp{Z, `mh\,
cp{Z lrZbw tbmKIpWvUen\o, `kvaPm_mew, cp{Zm
Pm_mew, KW]Xn, Zi\w.
38. XmckmacalmhmIy ]{_mn
tlm{XIw
tKm]meX]\w IrjvWw bmhIyw
hcmlIw.
Xmckmcw, almhmIyw ]{_w, {]mWmn
tlm{Xw, tKm]me]qhXm]n\n, tKm]mtemtXm]n\n)
IrjvWw, bmhevIyw hcmlw.
39. imSymb\ lb{Kohw Zmt{Xbw N KmcpUw
IenPm_men ku`mKyclkyENapnIm
imSymb\obw, lb{Kohw, Zmt{Xbw, KmcpUw,
Ien kcWw, Pm_men, ku`mKyevan, _lzrNw,
apnIw.
40. GhtajvtSmciXw `mh\m{Xb\mi\w
m\sshcmKyw ]pwkmw hmk\m{Xb
\mi\w
C{]Imcw \qn Fv D]\njpI Dv. Ch`m
h\m{Xb\miIhpw, m\sshcmKy{]Zhpw BIp
hbmWv Ch.
41. ]qthmtcjp hnlnXXmn
]pckxcw
thZhnZym{hXkv \mXtZinIky apJmzbw
42. KrloXzmjvtSmciXw tb ]Tn
ZzntPmamx
{]mc_v[b]cyw Pohapm
`hn tX
Cu Hmtcm D]\njnsbpw BZyhkm\fn
AXXns imn]mT tNnpv. AhtbmSpIqSn
{_mWt{ijv T Cu \qnsbv D]\njpIfpw,
thZhnZym{hXkv\mXI\mbncnp Kpcphns apJp
\npw ]Tnm Ahs kwkmctimIw apgph\pw
\inv PohapmcmIpp.
I K
N P
684
43. XXx ImehimtZh {]mc_vt[ Xp
bw KtX
sshtZlow amaIow apnw bmn
\mkvXy{X kwibx
XpSv Ime{Ian {]mc_v[bw DmIp
tm Ah FtmSp tNv hntZlapn {]m]np
p. CXv imclnXamIpp.
44. kthm]\njmZw aty kmcajvtSm
cw iXw
kIrhWamt{XW khmLuL
\nIr\w
Fm D]\njpIfnepw hv kmc`qXfmb \qn
Fv D]\njpI Hcp {]mhiysanepw {ihnm
kh ]m]fpw CmXmIpp.
45. atbm]ZnjvSw injymb Xp`yw ]h\\\
CZw imkv{Xw abmZnjvSw KplyajvtSm
cwiXw
46. mtXmm\tXm ]TXmw_ tamNIw
cmPyw tZbw [\w tZbw bmNXx Imacq]Ww
47. CZajvtSmciXw \ tZbw bky Iky NnXv
\mkvXnImb IrXLv\mb ZpcmNmc
cXmb ssh
48. aZv`n hnapJmbm]nimkv {XK
tjp aplytX
Kpcp`nhnlo\mb ZmXhy \ IZmN\
{iocma ]dp: tl hmbp]p{X, injy\mb
\n\p Rm D]tZin clkyamb Cu \qn Fv
D]\njpI Adntm AdnbmsXtbm ]Tnp
hv Ah _tamNIambn `hnpp. A`nemj]q
nv [\w, cmPyw Fnh Zm\w sNmhpXmWv.
Fm \qn Fv D]\njpIfpw Fmhpw
sImSpmhpX. hntijnpw \mkvXnI\pw IrXLv \
\pw ZpcmNmcXXv]c\pw aZ`n hnlo\\pw Akmb
imkv {XKfn ]Xnv tamlnp t]mbh\pw,
Kpcp`nbnmh\pw sImSpsSmhpX.
49. tkhm]cmb injymb lnX]p{Xmb amcptX
aZv`mb kpioemb Ipeo\mb kpta[tk
50. kayIv ]coy ZmXhytahajv tSmcw
iXwbx ]tTrWpbmZzm]n k amtaXn \ kwibx
XtZX ZrNm`ypw
Atbm amcptX, tkhmXXv]c\mb injy\pw
lnXImcnbmb ]p{X\pw Fs `\pw kpioe\pw
Ipeo\\pw _pnam\pw Bb injys\ icnbmbn
]conXn\p tijw am{Xw Cu \qn Fv D]\njp
I D]tZinmw. D]\njpI tIpItbm
]TnpItbm sNph Fss {]m]npp.
kwiban. CXv Ipdnp thZhmIyapv.
51. hnZym l ssh {_mWamPKma
tKm]mb am tih[njv tS lakvan.
AkqbImbm\rPth iTmb
am am {_qbm hocyhXo XYm kymbw
52. btah hnZym{ipXa{]aw
ta[hn\w {_Ncym]]w
Xkvam Camap]mkmb kayIv
]coy ZZymssZzjvWhoam\njv Tmw
Hcn hnZy {_mWs\ kao]nv C{]Imcw
]dp: Av Fs clkyambn cnWw. At
bv v Rm Hcp \n[nkam\amb \nt]amWv. Akq
bmep, h{I_pn, iT Fnhv Fs Hcnepw
Zm\w sNcpXv Fn am{Xta Rm Fspw
hncyhXnbmbn \nesImpIbpq.
hnZym{ipX\pw ta[mhnbpw A{]a\pw {_
\njvTm\ncX\pw Bb GsXmcp hyn D]tZie_v[n
mbn kao]nptm Ahs\ \Xpt]mse ]con
Xn\ptijta Ah\v sshjvWhamb Cu BhnZy
\Imhq.
cma[ymbw
1. XYm ssl\w {iocmaN{w amcpXnx
]{]tIbw
hm Xnnx knym hmInw {]tbmP\anXn
ktlmhmN {iocmax ]pcpjky
IrXz t`mrXz
kpJZpxJmZneWn [x
ticq]XzmZv
_tm `hXn Xntcm[\w Pohapnx
D]m[nhn\npLSmImihXv
{]mc_v [bm
ZzntZlapnx Poh apn hntZl
aptmcjv tSm
citXm]\njZx {]amWw
IrXzmZnZpxJ
\nhrnZmcm \nXym\mhm]vXn
{]tbmP\w `hXn
XXv]pcpi{]bXv \kmyw `hXn
bYm]p{XImta
I K
N P
685
jvSn\m ]p{Xw hmWnPymZn\mhnw
tPymXn jvtSmta\
kzw XYm ]pcpj{]bXv\kmy
thZm {ih
WmZn P\nXkam[n\m PohapymZn
emt`m `hXn
khhmk\mbmm`x
l\pam {iocmaN{t\mSp tNmZnp. `Khmt\,
Pohapn Fm FmWv? hntZlapn Fm?
AXn\p {]amWw FmWv ? Fs\bmWv AhbpsS
knn DmIpXv? B knnsImp {]tbmP
\sav ?
{iocma ]dp ]pcpjs IrIXzt`mrXz
kpJZpxJmZncq]amb Nn[w ticq]ambXn\m
AXp _amIpp. AXns \ntcm[amWv Pohapn.
D]m[n hn\npamb LSmImiw t]mse {]mc_v[
bmepmIpXmWv hntZlapn. Pohapnpw
hntZlapnpw {]amWw \qn Fv D]\njpI
IrXzmZnZpxJ\nhrn aptJ\ e`np \nXym\
{]m]vXnbmWv {]tbmP\w. AXv ]pcpj{]bXv\XXm
t\SWw. ]p{XImtajv SnsImv ]p{X\pw hmWnPym
hnhpw PmXjv tSmaw F bmKm kzhpw
ssIhcpXpt]mse ]pcpj{]bXv \kmyamIp
thZm {ihWmZnIfm e`np km[nbm Poh
apn XpSnbh kmnpp. khhn[amb hmk\
Ifpw bnXn\ptijw am{Xsa Ah kpkm[yamhp
Ibpp.
A{X tmIm `hXn
1. Dmkv{Xwimkv{XnXw tNXn ]ucpjw
Zznhn[w aXw
Xt{Xmmkv {Xa\mb ]cammb
imkv {XnXw
imkv{XewL\w imkv{Xm\pkmcnbmb {]h\w
Fv ]ucpjw sImv (]pcpj{]bXv\w) cv hn[apv .
Ahbn imkv { XewL\w A\{ ]m]v Xn p w
imkv{Xm\pkmcnbmb {]h\w ]camem`n\pw
tlXphmIpw.
2. temImhkm\bm Ptm imkv {Xmhmk\
bm]n N tZlhmk\bm]n N tZhmk\bm
m\w bYmhssh PmbtX.
{]mWnIv temIhmk\sImpw icnbmb
m\w knnpn.
3. Zznhnt[m hmk\mhyqlxip`sship`Xu
hmk\utL\ ipt X{X tNZ\pkobtk
XXv{ItaWmip tXss\h amaIw
]Zmam]v\plp
AY tNZipt`m `mhkv Xzmw
tbmPbXn ktS
tl amcptX, hmk\m kaqlw ip`sapw, Aip`
sapw cphn[apv . Ahbn \o hniphmk\
Ifm \bnsSpIbmsWn AXpsImp Xs
{ItaW \o Fs ]Zs {]m]npw. t\sc adnv Aip
`hmk\IfmemWv \o \bnsSpsXn \o
kSntemWv \bnsSpXv .
5. {]m\kvXZu bXv\tPXthym `hXm It]
ip`mip`m`ymw amm`ymw hlo
hmk\mkcnXv
6. ]ucptjW {]bXv t\\ tbmP\obm
ipt`]Yn
Aipt`jp kamhnjvSw ipt`tjzhm
hXmctbXv
Atbm, amcptX A\mZnbmb Cu hmk\sb \o
{]bXv \m PbntWw. ipt`jzhmhXmctbXv
Atbm, amcptX A\mZnbmb Cu hmk\sb \o
{]bXv\m PbntWw. ip`mip`amfn IqSn
kcnpsImncnp hmk\m\Znsb ]ucpjm
\o ip`amn IqSn \bntWw. Aip`kamhn
jvSamb Cu hmk\mkaqls ip`amn Xs
AhXcnnWw thWw.
7. Aip`mmenXw bmXn ip`w XkvamZ]oXcXv
]ucptjW {]bXvt\\ emetb
Nn_meIw
hmk\ Aip`amn\ \npw amsv ip`am
ntev kcnWw. AXn \np atXnepw
{]thinnpp. NnamIp _mes\ ]pcpj{]
bXv \w sImv innX\mWw.
8. {KmK`ymkhimZymXn bZm tX hmkt\mZbw
XZm`ymkky km^eyw hnn Xzacna\x
Atbm i{Xpa\, A`ymk\m \n\v
ip`amb hmk\ DZbw sNptm \ns A`ymkw
k^eambn Fp \o a\nemWw.
9. knKvZmbma]n `riw ip`mtah kamNc
ip`bmw hmk\mhru \ tZmjmb acppX
tl amcptX, ip`mip` GXmsWp knKv
mk`nepw IqSn ip`hmk\mhrnbn tZmjan.
I K
N P
686
10. hmk\mb hnm\at\m\mi almatX
kaImew Nncm`ykvXm `hn ^eZm aXmx
Atbm almatX, hmk\bw, hnm\w, at\m
\miw Fnh hfscmew Hnv A`yknXn\ptijw
am{XamWv ^e{]ZfmbnocpXv . Cmcyw kk
Xamb ImcyamWv .
11. {Xb Ghw kaw bmhm`ykvXm
]p\x ]p\x
Xmh ]Zkw{]m]vXn`hXy]n kamissXx
Cu hmk\m{Xbw \nccw A`ykvXamImXncnp
tm Imew \qmpI sImp t]mepw ]ctam
X]Zw ssIhcpX.
12. GssIItim \ntjhyt btZytX
Nnca]yew
X knw{]bn amx konXm Ch
Ch Hmtcmmbnv hfscmew ]cnioensm
Xsbpw lrZbkv]ianmsX ko\w sNs
a{w Ft]mse knnsb {]Zm\w sNpn.
13. {Xn`ntcssXncm`ykvssXlrZb {Ktbm
ZrVmx\nxitah{XpSn_nk
tZmZvKpWm Ch
Ch aqpw Nncm`ykv XfmbXpsImv , _nktZw
sImp Xp s]mntmIpXpt]mse, ZrV
emb lrZb{KnI imclnXambn XIcm CSbm
Ipw.
14. PmciXm`ykv Xm anYym kwkmchmk\m
km Nncm`ymk tbmtK\ hn\m\
obt IzNnXv
PmcmiXm`ykv Xamb, AbYmamb B
kwkmchmk\ NncImem`ymkw CmsX HcnSpw b
s {]m]npn.
15. XkvamXv kuay{]bXv t\\ ]ucptjW
hnthIn\m
t`mtKmw ZqcXkvXyzm {Xbtah
kam{ib
tl kuay, hnthInbmb ]pcpj\v ]ucpjm
t`mtKsb XyPnv hmk\mbw hnm\w at\m
\miw Fnhsbs B{ibnWw.
16. XkvamZzmk\bmbpw at\m _w
hnZp_p[x
kayKzmk\bmXyw apanXy`o[n
btXat\m\nhmk\\o`mhamNcmip
almIt]
AXn\m hnZzmm hmk\mbpamb a\ns\
_sapw a\nempp. Fm hmk\Isf \
Xpt]mse XyPnnp a\v apsap ]dbsSpp.
Atbm amcptX, \o thKw Xs a\ns hmk\mc
lnXamb `mhss B{ibnpI.
17. kaymKmtemN\mXymZzmk\m {]hoenbtX
hmk\mhnetb tNXx iaambn Zo]hXv
kayIv Zi\w kXyw Fnhbm hmk\ \inp
p. hmk\m\mim a\v Zo]w AWp t]mIp
Xpt]mse ias {]m]npp.
18. hmk\mw kw]cyXyP abn Nnam{Xhn{Ktl
bkvXnjv TXn KXhy{Kx tkmlw knXv
kpJmIx
hmk\Isf \t]mse ]cnXyPnv KXhy{K\mbn
Nnam{Xhn{Kl\mb (m\am{Xkzcq]\mb) Fn
BcmtWm nXn sNpXv Ah knZm\\mZkzcq
]\mbn `hnpp.
19. kam[naY ImcymWn am ItcmXp ItcmXp hm
lrZtbmkthhm ap Gthmamibx
Cu ]Zw e`nXn\ptijw kam[n{Inbbpw I
fpw sNpItbm sNmXncnpItbm BImw. lrZb
n ian khm`nemjtfmSpIqSnbh\pw Dami
b\pamb Ah ap\mbns `hnpp.
20. ss\jv ItyW\Xkymkym
tmkv Xn\
I`nx\ kkm[\mPm]m`ymw bky
\nhmk\w a\x
hmk\mclnX\mbncnph\v ss\jv Iyw
sImtm Isfsmtm bmsXmcp {]tbmP\hp
an. kam[nsImtm P]mZnI sImv Ah\v bmsXmcp
Imcyhpan.
21. kwXyhmk\mau\mZrtX
\mkvXypaw Zw
hmk\mclnXamb au\amWv Daw.
AXnt\m t{ijvSamb thsd ]Zan.
22. hmk\mlo\ at]yX NpcmZo{nbw kzXx
{]htX _lnx kzmt
hmk\mam{XImcWw
hmk\mlo\amb Ahbnepw NpcmZnIfmb
C{nb kzm`mhnIambn _mlyamb kzhnjbfn
{]h\ \ncX\mIp w. Ah hmk\mam{Xbm
DmIpXv tZmjtlXpf.
I K
N P
687
23. AbXv t\m]\tXjzn ZrKv {Zthyjp
bYm ]p\x
\ocmKtah ]XXn XZzXvImtcyjp [oc[nx
BbmkanmsX ZrjvSnp hnjbo`hn ZrKznjb
fn t\t{X{nbw cmKclnXambn ]XnpXpt]mse
bXnhcy Imcysf A`napJoIcnpp.
24. `mhkwhnXv{]ISnXma\pcq]m N amcptX
NntkymXv]yp]camwhmk\w
ap\tbmhnZpx
tl amcptX ]Zmt_m[m DmIpXpw
]Zm kzcq]hpw Nnns D]np {][m\
tlXpambmXmWv hmk\sbv ap\namam ]dbpp.
25. ZrVm`ymkvX]ZmssI `mh\mZXn
New
Nnw kwPmbtX PPcmacW ImcWw
hmk\bpsS ZrVm`ykv Xamb hnjb`mh\bn
\nv AXnNehpw PaPcmacWp ImcWhp
amb Nnw `hnpp.
26. hmk\mhiXx {]mWkv]\kvtX\
N hmk\m
{InbtX Nn_oPky tX\_oPmpc{Iax hmk\m
thKn sImv {]mWkv]\hpw {]mWkv ]\
m hmk\bp w DmIp p . CXp cp amWv
Nn_oPnsbpw, Nnmpcnsbpw {Iaw.
27. tZz _otP Nnhrky {]mWkv]
\hmkt\
GIkv anw Xtbmx otW n{]w tZz
A]n\iyXx
ta ]dbs NnamIp hrns cp
_oPfmb {]mWkv]\w, hmk\, Chbn Hp
oWnptm Xs thKw \inpp.
28. AwKhyhlmcXzmZv `h`mh\h\mXv
icoc\miZinXzmkmZ\m \ {]htX
hmk\mkw]cnXymKmnw KXyNnXm
AkwK hyhlmcw sImpw (AXmXv , Xn
\npw hyncnamb kwkmc`mh\sb hPnp
Xnepw icocw \izcamsWp Zi\nepw Nnw
{_abambncnWanpp.
29. Ahkmk\XzXXw bZm \ a\ptX a\x
Aa\kvXm XtZmtZXn ]ctam]ia{]Zmamb
at\mhnebw kw`hnpp.
30. AhypXv]a\m bmhZv `hm\m
XXXv ]Zx
Kpcpimkv {X{]amkv ssWkv Xp\noXw
XmhZmNmcw
\o AhypXv]aXnbmbpw XXv]Zm\clnX
\mbpw CcnpnStmfw Imew kZvKpcp imkv{X
{]amW Fnhbm \nbnsnp Imcy
sNpI.
31. XXx ]IzIjmtbW \q\w hnmX
hkv Xp\m
ipt`m]ykuXzbm XymtPm hmk\mtLm
\ncm[n\m
\n\v Xzm\t_m[apmbm hnm\X
hkvXphmIp ]IzIjmbm ip`hmk\Isfbpw
\nZyZpxJ\nhr\mb \o Dt]nWw.
32. Zznhn[nm\mtimkvXnkcqt]mcq] GhN
Pohapx kcq]x kymZcqt]m tZlapnKx
Nn\miw kcq]sapw Acq]sapw cphn[
apv. Pohapnbn kzcq]Nn\mihpw hntZl
apnbn Acq]\mihpw kw`hnpp.
33. Aky \mianZm\ow Xzw ]mht\
irWp kmZcw
Nn\mim`n[m\mw ln bZm tX
hnZytX ]p\x
34. ssa{XymZn`n KpssWbpw Pohap
kyXa\x
Atbm amcptX, Nn\misn \o k{iw
{ihnpI. Pohapamb \nhnIev ]kam[nbn
\maam{Xamb Nn\miw (kcq]Nn\miw) DmIp
tm ssa{Xn XpSnb KpWtfmSp IqSnb B Nnw
imnsb {]m]npp. AXn kwiban. Ahs
(Pohaps) a\v ]p\PclnXambnocpp.
35. kcqt]mkuat\m\mtim Poh
apkyhnZytX
Acq]kvXp at\m\mtim sshtZln
apntKm`thXv
Poh ap\v kcq]hpw hntZlap\v Acq]
hpamb at\m\mi kw`hnpp.
36. kl{kmpcimJm^e]himen\x
Aky kwkmchrky at\maqeanZw
nXw
Bbncw ApctfmSpw imJItfmSpw ^e]h
tfmSpw IqSnb Cu kwkmchrns thcmWv a\v .
I K
N P
688
37. kev ] Gh Xat\y kevt]m
]ita\ XXv
timjbmip bYm timjtaXn
kkwkmc]mZx
kwkmchrw kev]w am{XamsWp Rm
hnNmcnpp. Fs\bmbm kwkmchrw timjn
nphm Ignbptam A{]Imcw kev t]miaw sImv
\o AXns\ hfsc thKw timjnnpI.
38. D]mb GI GhmkvXn a\kx kzky \n{Ktl
a\k`ypZtbm \mtim at\m\mtim atlmZbx
Xs at\m\n{Kln\v D]mbw Hpam{XamIpp.
a\ns DZbw \mihpw a\ns a\ns \miw
atlmZbhpamIpp.
39. at\m \miat`ymXn at\m
kylnirwJe
m\nbpsS a\v \inpp. Fm Am\n
bpsS a\v _\nep irwJebmIpp.
40. Xmhoinh thXmfhevKXn lrZn hmk\x
GIXzZrVm`ymkmZymh hnPnXw a\x
[ym\w, [mcW FnhIfm {_Xzns ZrV
amb A`ymkw F{Xtmfw Imew cm{Xnbn thXmf
Ft]mse lrZbn hmk\I NmSnfn
pp.
41. {]ZoW NoZky \oKrlo
tX{nbZznjx
]Zvan\y Ch tlat obt
t`mKhmk\mx
Nnmlmcm ITn\ambn oWnv C{nb
fmIp i{Xpsf ASnbh\v t`mKhmk\I
tlaImense XmacsmbvII F t]mse
\inpp.
42. lkvXwlkvtX\ kw]oUy ZssZm
hnNq N AwKm\ywssKx kam{Iay
PtbmZmZu kzIw a\x
ssIIfn sRcnpw, ]pIfm ]pIsf s]mSn
pw AwKfm AwKsf B{Ianpw BZyw kzIo
bamb a\ns\ PbntXm
43. D]hntiym]hniyImw NntI\
aplpplpx
\ iIytX at\m tPXpw hn\m
bpna\nnXmw
NnI\v H Ccpn Ccpv hopw hopw A\n
nXamb bpnsbAhew_nmsX a\ns\ Pbnp
hm kmya.
44. Apti\ hn\m atm bYm ZpjvSaXwKPx
AymhnZym[nKax {]mWkv]\ntcm[\w
45. hmk\mkw]cnXymKx {]mWkv ]\ntcm[\w
GXmkvXm bpbx ]pjvSm kn
NnPtbIne
aZbm\sb \nb{nphm Apiw A{]Imcw a\
ns\ Pbnphm Aymt_m[w k\ kwkw
hmk\m]cnXymKw {]mWkv ]\\ntcm[w Fo kp
jvSfmb bpnI A]cnXymPfmWv.
46. kXnjvT bpntjXmkp ]nTmnbansb
tNXtkm Zo]aprPhnNn\zXtamRv Pss\x
bpnI D Ahbn _eambn a\ns\
\nba\w sNm Xp\nbph Zo]s Dt]n
tijw Am\wsImv Ccpns\ At\zjnp
hcmWv.
47. hnaqVmx IpapZypm tblTm
Xtkm Pbw
tX \n_v\n \mtK{apaw
_nkXp`nx
_emmtcW at\mPb\pZypcmIp
aqVm Xmachfbw sImv aZbm\sb _nphm
{ianpIbmWv.
48. tZz _otP Nnhrky hrnhrXXn
[mcnWx
GIw {]m]cnkv]tm ZznXobw ZrV`mh\m
hrnIfmIp eXIsf [cnp NnamIp
hrns hnpI cmIpp. Hv {]mW]cnkv]
\hpw cmatXv ZrV`mh\bpamIpp.
49. kkmlnkhKXmkwhnXv {]mWkv]t\
NmeytX
NnssIm{KymZytXm m\apw
kap]PmbtX
khKXambncnp Nnw {]mWkv]\m
Nenpp. {]mWmbmam NnNe\imnbpw
Nnns GIm{KX sImv {_m\hpw e`n
pp.
50. Xm[\atYm [ym\w bYmhZp]cniytX
hn\m]yhnIrXnw Ir\mwkw`h
XyXyb{IamXv
]cninjv Sw N Nnam{Xw NnZm\w hnNnb
I K
N P
689
XpSv km[Iambncnp [ym\s Rm D]tZ
inp Xcmw. kakvXhnImcsfbpw krjv Snp hn]coX
amb {Ian hnebnnnv Hmtcm hnImcsbpw AX
Xns A[nIcWn hnebnnWw Ahkm\w
]cntijnp Nnam{Xhpw NnZm\hpambXzs
[ym\npI.
51. A]mt\kv XwKtX {]mtWmbmhm`yp
ZntXmlrZn
Xmhm Ipw`Imhm
tbmKn`nbm\p`qbtX
]m\ Akv Xan pIbpw lrZbmImin
{]mW DZbw sNmXncnpIbpw sNp Ah
bmWv Ipw`Imh. tbmKnIfn CXv DmIpp.
52. _lnckvXwKtX {]mtW bmhm
]m\ DZvKXx
XmhXv]qmw kamhmw _lnjvTw
Ipw`Iw hnZpx
_mlymImin AXmbXv \mknIbvp shfnbn
embn ZzmZimwKpe]cnanXamb BImin {]mW
AkvXanpIbpw A]m\ DZbw sNmXncnpIbpw
sNp ]qamb kamh _mlyIpw`Iw Fdnb
sSpp.
53. {_Imcat\mhrn{]hmtlmlw
IrXnwhn\m
kw{]mXkam[nxkymym\m`ymk
{]IjXx
A\famb {_[y\m\nep Almc cln
Xamb {_mImcat\mhrn{]hmls kw{]mX
kam[n Fp ]dbpp.
54. {]imhrnIw Nnw ]cam\ZmbIw
Akw{]mX\mambw kam[n
tbmKn\mw {]nbx
{]imamb hrnIfpXpw ]cam\kmbI
hpamb Nnw XsbmWv tbmKnIp {]nbamb Akw
{]mXkam[n
55. {]`miq\yw a\xiq\yw _pniq\yw
NnZmIw
AXZvhymhrncqt]mku
kam[nap\n`mhnXx
{ ]`miq \yhp w a\x iq\yhp w _p n iq \yhp w
(Ahm{XbclnXw) NnZmIhpamWv ap\namcmev `mhn
Xamb knnbmWv AXZv hymhrn.
Duz]qhpw A[x]qhpw a[y]qhpw
kh]cntZclnXhpw inhmIhpw kmmXv thtZm
hpamb ]canImkam[n CXp XsbmIpp.
57. ZrV`mh\bmXyIX ]qhm]chnNmcWw
bZmZm\w ]Zmky hmk\m km {]Ion CXv
Dv F Dd`mh\bm ]qhm]chnNmc clnXamb
hkvXp{KlWamWv hmk\.
58. `mhnXw Xo{hkwthKmZm\m btZh kx
`hXymip I]nt{ijvT hnKtXXchmk\x
tl I]nt{ijvT Xo{hamb kwthKm GsXm
mtWm Bmhn DmIpXv AXp XsbmWv hnK
tXXchmk\\mb Ah.
59. XmZr{Kqt]m ln ]pcptjm hmk\mhnh
ioIrXx
kw]iyXn ssZsshXXv
kZzkv XnhnXnhnaplyXn
Am\ \n cmkw kw`hn h\msWn ep w
]pcpj hmk\bm ]chi\mbn FtmgmtWm CXv
kzkv Xp F\p ImWpXv Atm Ah hntamln
bmIpp.
60. hmk\mthKsshNNnXymXv kzcq]w
\PlmXnXXv
{`mw ]iyXn Xrjv Snx khw aZhimZnh
]ehn[nep hmk\mhntijm kzcq]
s Dt]npXpsImv Ahs ZrjvSn aZm
Ft]mse Fmw {`amIambn ImWpp.
61. hmk\m Zznhn[m t{]mm ipm N
aen\m XYm
aen\m PatlXpx kymXv ipm
P hn\min\o
hmk\ aen\sapw ipsapw cp hn[apv.
aen\hmk\ PatlXphpw iphmk\ Phn\mi
IhpamIpp.
62. Am\kpLm\mIImc L\mlwImc
imen\n
]p\Ico t{]mm aen\m hmk\m
_pss[x
]p\mpcw Xyzm nXnx
kw`rjvS _oPhXv
aen\hmk\ ARv Pm\n_hpw L\mlwImc
imen\nbpw ]p\PImcnWnbpw BsWv hnZzmm
]dncnpp. hdp amhns nXnbmWv iphm
k\bvpXv.
I K
N P
690
63. _lpimkv {XIYmImtcmat\
hrssYh
Inw? At\zjvNhpw {]bXvt\\
amcptX tPyXn cmcw
{]tbmP\anm At\Iw imkv{Xfpw ]pcmW
fpw ]TnXpsImtm XpSscbp kymk thj[m
cWw sImtm FmWv {]tbmP\w? tl amcptX, {ia
m AtPymXnns\bmWv t\zjntXv.
64. Zi\mZit\ lnXzm kzbw tIhecq]Xx
b BkvtX I]nimqe {_ k
{_hnXv kzbw
Zi\mZi\w AXmbXv Aymtcm]hmZ
shSnv tIhew Bkzcq]\mbn hnph
{_hnmbb {_w XsbmIpp.
65. A[oXy NXptcm thZm khimkv{Xm
Wyt\Iix
{_Xzw \ Pm\mXn Zho
]mIckw bYm
]camw Adnbmh \mepthZfpw kh
imkv{Xfpw ]eXhW Ayb\w sNbvXmepw Xhn
F{]Imcw ]mIcks Adnbpntbm A{]Imcw
{_Xzs AdnbpIbn.
66. kztZlmipNnKt\ \ hnctPyX bx ]pam
hncmKImcWw Xky Ina\yp]ZniytX
kzw icocns AipoKm Bicoc
tmSv hncnbpmIm ]pcpj\v thsd sshcmKy
XImcW Fp]tZinpw.
67. AXyaent\m tZtlm tZlo
NmXy\nex
D`tbmccw mXzm Iky iuNw
hn[obtX
tZlw AXyw aen\hpw tZln AXyw \ne
hpamIpp. ChbpsS Acw a\nemnbnv GXn\m
Wp ipNnXzw hn[ntsXv NnnpI.
68. _tm lnhmk\m_tm tamx
kymZzmk\m
bx hmk\mwkw]cnXyPytamm
nXza]nXyP
hmk\m_\mWv _. hmk\mbw Xns
bmWv tamw. hmk\Isf ]cnXyPnv \o Xs B\
aqnbmbn tammnXztbpw Dt]npI.
69. am\kohmk\mx ]qhw Xzm
hnjbhmk\mx
ssa{XymZnhmk\m\mav \oKrlmWm
aehmk\x
\o BZyambn am\knIamb hnjbhmk\Isf shSn
v Aaehmk\Ifmb ssa{XymZn kZzmk\Isf {Kln
pI.
70. Xm A]yXx ]cnXyP Xm`nhyhlc]n
Ax imx \akvt\tlm `h
Nnam{Xhm\x
Ahbn hyhlcnph\msWnepw A\cw
Ahtbbpw ]cnXyPnv Bcambn ian khm`nem
jtfmSpIqSnbh\mbpw Nnam{Xhmk\tbmSpIqSnb
h\mbpw `hnpI.
71. Xma]yY ]cnXyPy at\m_pn ka\znXmw
tijnc kam[mt\m abn Xzw `h amcptX
Atbm l\pamt\, a\v , _pn ChtbmSp
tN AXns\bpw ]cnXyPnv \o _mn hnjb
fnepw Fn [ym\\njvT\mbpw `nbp\mbpw
XocpI.
72. Ai_vZakv]iacq] ahybw
XYm ckw \nXyaKh bXv
A\matKm{Xw aa cq]aoZriw
` Pkz \nXyw ]h\mPmnl
i_vZclnXhpw kv]iclnXhpw Acq]hpw Ahy
bhpw cklo\hpw Fspw KclnXhpw \matam
tKm{Xtam Cm cq]s \nXyhpw `PnpI.
73. Zrin kzcq]w KKt\m]aw ]cw
kIrZzn`mXw hPtaI acw
Ate]Iw khKXw bZZzbw
XthZ Nmlw kIew hnapnZw
Fs kzcq]amIs [ym\nphv In
BImiw t]mse A]cnanXambn ImWsSppw {]`mab
hpw GIhpw \milo\hpw \nt]hpw khKXhpw
AZzbhpw Bbn {]XysSp. tamZmbIamb B
]c{_lvaw XsbmWv Rm.
74. ZrinkvXp iptm lahn{InbmtIm
\tam kvXn InZznjbx kz`mhXx
]pckvXnctm[za[ khXx
kp]qW `qaml anXol `mhb
Rm ip\pw Ahn{InbmI\pamWv. F\nv
kz`mhmXv {]tXyI hnjbsampan. apnepw ]pdIn
I K
N P
691
epw kh`mKpw Rm kqamb `qamthmSv IqSnb
hs\v a\nempI.
75. AtPm acssh XYm PtcmarXx
kzbw {]`x khKtXm lahybx
\ ImcWw ImcyaXoXy\nex
kssZh Xr]vtXm l anXol `mhb
Rm P\\anmh\pw acWanmh\pw Pcbn
mh\pw arXnbnmh\pw kzbw {]\pw khKX
\pw BWv. ImcWsbpw Imcysbpw AXn{Ianp
h\mWv Rm. Rm kZm Xr]v X\mIpp. Amcyhpw
Hmp sImpI.
76. Pohp]Zw Xyzm kztZtl
ImekmXvIrtX
hniXytZlapXzw ]ht\mkv]Xmanh
Pohaps ]Zw ssIhnv kztZlw ImehiamIp
tm Imv kv ]lo\Xsbt]mse Bmhn\v AtZ
lapXzw ssIhcpp.
XtZkZrNmhypw XZznjvtWmx ]caw ]Zw
kZm]iymn kqcbx Znhnh NpcmXXw II
XZzn{]mtkm hn]\zthm PmKrhmwkx
kantX II
hnjvtWmcyXv ]caw ]Zw II kXyanXyp]\njXv II
B Imcyw En\mepw ]dbsnpv. B hnjvWp
hns ]caamb ]Zs m\nI kZm ImWpp.
tZymhnse t]mse kaambnImWpXpw GIhpw al
pamb B ssNX\ys t_m[aph Ispp.
CXv kXyamIpp.
]qaZx ]qanZw
]qmXv ]qapZNyptX
]qky ]qamZmb
]qtahmhinjytX
(B ]c{_w ]qamWv. Cu kwkmchpw ]qw
Xs ]qamb {_n \nv ]qXzw Xpfpp
kwkmchpw {]h\\ncX\mIpp. kap{Zn \nv
F{X shw tImcnsbSpmepw AXnse shw
AXpt]mse \npXpt]mse {_hpw Fpw
]qambn Ahtijnpp. Hmw XXv kXv).
Q
apZvKtem]\njv
1
3
imn]mTw
Hmw hmMv ta a\kn {]Xnjv TnXm at\m ta
hmNn {]Xnjv TnXamhncmhna G[n thZky a
BWo mx { ip Xw ta am{ ]lmko
Xt\\m[otX\m tlmcm {XmXv kwZ[manEXw
hZn jyman kXy w hZn jy man . XmahXp
XZzmcahXp. AhXpamw AhXphmcw Hmw.
imnx imnx imnx
Fs hmv a\n ncambncns. Fs
a\v hmn ncamIs. kzbw {]Imimmth,
Av Fs apn {]XyamIWta. Atbm at\mhm
WnIsf, \n Fs thZm\n\m[mcamWv.
AXn\m Fs thZm`ymks \inncpXv. Cu
thZm[yb\w sImmWv Rm cmhpw ]Iepw Pohnp
sImncnpXv . Rm am\knIambpw hmNnIambpw
kXyw ]dbpw kXyw Fs cns. hmhns\
cns. Hmw imnx imnx imnx
{]YaJWv Uw
1. Hmw ]pcpj kqm \nbw hymJym
kymax]pcpjkwlnXmbmw ]pcpj kqmx
kw{KtlW t{]mNytX. kl{k iotjXy{ck
i_vtZm\ hmNIx A\tbmP\w {]ml Zimw
Kpe hN\kvXYm.
]p cpj kq m ]dbsn pff A
\nbw Nnnmw. ]pcpjkwlnXbm AXv Cs\
Npcpn hymJym\nncnpp. "klt{k i_v Zns
Aw A\w FmWv A\tbmP\sa A
s Ipdnpp. ZimwKpew F ]Zhpw A\m
IamWv.
I K
N P
692
2. Xky {]Yabm hnjvtWmx tZi tXm hym]vXn
cocnXmx ZznXob bm Nmky hnjv tWmx ImetXm
hym]v XncpNytX
]pcpj kqnse BZys a{m `Khm
hnjvWpkhtZi hym]nbmsWpw ZznXob a{m
Atlw khImehym]nbmsWpw ]dbsp.
3. hnjv tWm tam {]ZXzw N IYnXw
Xp XrXobbm
GXmhm\ky alnam, FXn\m lcnbpsS
ssh`hw hnp.
4. GtXss\h N at{W NXphyqtlm
hn`mjnXx
{Xn]mZnXy\bm t{]ma\ncpky ssh`hw.
Cu aqp a{fn IqSnbpw NXp hyqlhpambn
_sncnp `KhXv kzcq]w hnp. "{Xn]mZ'
m NXp hyqlnse A\ncpaqnbpsS
ssh`hw ]dp.
5. XkvamZzncmUnXy\bm ]mZ\mcmbWmtcx
{]IrtXx ]pcpjkym]n kapXv ]nx
{]ZinXm
""XkvamZv hncmSv' FXn\m ]mZ hn`qXncq]amb
\mcmbW\n \npw {]IrXnbpw ]pcpj\pw DZv`hn
Xmbn {]Xn]mZnncnpp.
6. bXv ]pcptjtWXy\bm krjvSnbx
kaocnXx
k]vXmkymk ]cn[bx kan[ kaocnXmx
"bXv ]pcptjW' FXn\m krjv SnbmIp
bn ]dXn\ptijw "k]v Xmkymk'
FXn\m krjv Snbn\pff kanpI
hnpp.
7. "Xw bmanXn' at{W krjvSn
bPv Rx kaocnXx
At\ss\h N at{W tamm
kapZocnXmx
""Xw b'' sa a{m Cu krjv Snsb
nsbpw ]pjv Snsbnbpw apnsbnbpw
{]Xn]mZnp.
8. ""AkvamZnXn'' N at{W PKXv krjvSnx
kaocnXm
""thZmlanXn'' a{m`ymw ssh`hw
IYnXw ltcx
""XkvamZnXn'' F a{m k]vX a{hsc
bpff hnizkrjvSnsbn {]Xn]mZnp. ""thZmlw'' F
Xn\m lcnbpsS ssh`hw ]dbsp.
9. btt\Xyp]kwlmcx krjv tStamky
tNcnXxb GhtaXZv Pm\mXn kln
aptm `thZnXn.
""bt\'' F a{m krjvSnsbnbpw
apnsbnbpw D]kwlmc cq]n hnncn
pp. Cs\ ]pcpj kqsn Adnnp
ffh Xobmbpw ap\mIpp.
ZznXobJWvUw
1. AY XYm apZvKtem]\njZn. ]pcpj kpky
ssh`hw hnkv XtcW {]Xn]mZnXw hmkptZh
C{mb `KhXv m\ap]Zniy ]p\c]n kqva
{ihWmb {]WXmtb{mb ]caclky`qXw
]pcpj kqm`ymw JWv UZzbm`ymap]mZniXv.
apZvKtem]\njn ]pcpj kqssh`hs
n khnkvXmcw {]Xn]mZnnpv. B kqva Pv Rm\w
e`nWsapff B{KltmsS hn\b]qhw h
tZth{\v `Khm hmkptZh cp JWvUfnembn
]pcpjkqw D]tZinp.
2. Zzu JWv Umhpw tNymtXtbm b apx k
]p cp tjm \m \m cq ] m\m tKmNcw
kwkmcnWmaXn Zptbw hnjbw hnlmb
timZn`nx kwnjvS tZhmZn Pnlojbm kl{k
Iemhbh IeymWw Zrjv Samt{XW tamZm
thjamZtZ tX\ thjW `qaym`ntemIw hym]y
A\tbmP\ aXyXnjvTXv.
]pcpj kqn cp JWv Ufpv Ahbn
hnsSp ]pcpj \maw, cq]w, m\w Fn
hbn \nsmw ap\mbXn\m kwkmcmZnIv
Zptb\mWv . AXn\m B ]pcpj {]]nse
PohnIv thn Xs Zptbamb B cq]ap
t]nv ZpxJmZnIfns]pgep tZhmZnIfpsS \I
cpXn A\ Iembpamb cq]w [cnp. B cq]w
Zi\am{Xbn tamw \Ipp. AtX cq]n
Atlw temInemsI hym]nncnpp.
3. ]pcptjm \mcmbtWm `qXw `hyw `hnjym
koXv k Gh kthjmw tam
ZmkoXv k
N khkvam alnavt\m Pymbm Xkvam
tIm]n Pymbm.
hniz krjvSnp apv {XnImemI\mb \mcmb
W am{Xta kz kzcq]n Dmbncppffq. Atlw
I K
N P
693
alnamXni\mWv . kh PohnIpw tamZ\mWv.
Atln Ihnv Bcpan.
4. alm ]pcpj Bm\m NXp[m IrXzm {Xn]m
tZ\ ]cta thymav\nNmkoXv. CXtcW
NXpt\ A\ncp \mcmbtW\
hnizm\ymk.
B almmhv kzbw \mep cq]n Bhn`hnp.
Ahbn aqwitfmSp IqSn ]ca thyman hknp.
NXpmwiw A\ncp\mcmbW F t]cn
AdnbsSpp. B \mcmbW XsbmWv {]]w
krjvSnXv .
5. k N ]mZ \mcmbtW, PKXv {kjvSw {]Ir
Xna P\bXv. k karImbx k krjvSnI
\ Pnhm. k karImbx k krjv Sn
I \PPv Rnhm. tkm \ncp \mcmbW
kv Xkvssa krjvSnap]mZniXv. {_wkv Xth{n
bmWn bmPIm\n [ymXzm tImi `qXw ZrVw
{Kn Itfhcw lhn [ymXzm ic`qXpw ckw
[ymssXzhu lpXzm AwKkv ]imXv Itfh
tcm h{Pw lojytX. XXx kzImcym kh
{]mWn Pohm krjv S]m]iz m[ymx {]mZp
`hnjyn XXx mhc PwKamIw PKZv `
hnjyXn GtX\ Pohm at\mtcymtK\ tam
{]Imc IYnXx CXy\p ktbwx b Caw kr
jvSn bw Pm\mXn tam{]Imcw N khambp
tcXn.
NXpmwi cq]nbmb A\ncp temI krjvSn
pthn {]IrXnsb krjv Snp. {]IrXncq]amb {_m
hn\v icocw e`nnpw krjvSnI m\w t\Sm
Ignn. Atm A\ncp\mcmbW {_mhn\v
krjvSn{Iaw D]tZinp sImSpp. Atlw {_mhn
t\mSv ]dp:""{_, Av kzw C{nbsf
bImfmbpw Iae\mfn \npw Dmb
AbpsS icocs lhnmbpw Fs Anbmbpw
hkImes BPyambpw {Kojvas kanmbpw
icXv Imes ckcq]ambpw [ym\nv bmKw \Snbm
AbpsS icocw h{Pw t]mse kpZrVambnocpw.
Atm Fm PohnIfpw DmIpw. As\ mhc
PwKa cq]nepff kq hnizhpw ZriyamIpw
Pohm ]cam kwtbmKm tamamhpw
D]tZinsp. Cu krjvSn bsbpw tam {]Im
csbpw Adnbp a\pjy ]qmbpv t\Spp.
Xr{Xob JWv Uw
1. GtIm tZthm _lp[mhn\njv S APbam\m
_lp[mhnPmbX.
bYmn PmZn clnX\mb B Htc Hcp
tZh Xs ]e {]Imcn {]thinv At\I cq]
n {]ISambn.
2. XtaXancnXy[zcyhxD]mktX bPpcntXy
j laoZw khw bp \n. kmtaXn OtmKmx
GXkv an loZw khw {]XnjvTnXw. hnjanXn
kmx k CXn k hnZx DXnXm tZhmx
cbncnXn a\pjym amtbXy kpcmx kzt[Xn ]nXcx
tZhP\ CXn tZhP\ hnZx cq]anXn Khmx
Kh CXn A]vkcx Xw bYm btYm]mkvtX
XssYh `hXn. XkvamZv {_mWx ]pcpj cq]w
]cw {_hmlanXn `mhtbXv X{Zqt]m `hXn b
Ghw thZ.
An cq]n CXns\sbmWv A[zcyp
D]mknpXv. bPpthZnI AXns\ bPpv Fp
IcpXn kh bfnepw \ntbmKnpp. kmaKm
CXns\ kmasav IcpXpp. Zriy {]]amsI \mcm
bWcq]n \nesImffp AXns\ k
hnjsav IcpXpp. ks Adnbph AXns\
AarXsap w a\p jy [\sap w Icp Xp p .
Akpcm ambsbpw A]vkcpI Khs\pw
D]mkIm tZhs\pw ]nXr kz[m Fpw
Nnnpp. Cs\ CXv ]e {]Imcn IcpXpp.
Fs\ D]mknptm B hn[n ImWsSpp.
AXn\m {_ m\n ]pcpjcq]amb ]c{_w Rm
Xssbv IcpXpp. As\ `mh\ Ahs\ AXmn
opp. Cu clkyw Adnbph\pw AtX `mhw
e`npp.
NXp JWv Uw
1. XZv {_ Xm]{XbmXoXw jSv tImihn\n
pw. jUqn hPnXw ]tImimXoXw
jUv `mhhnImc iq\ytah amZn kh hneWw
`hXn. Xm]{Xbw Xzm[ymnIm [n `uXnIm[n
ssZhnIw Ir IImcy mXr Pv Rm\
tb t`mr t`mKt`mKanXn {Xnhn[w.
]c{_wXm]{XbmXohpw jUtImihn\nap
hp w jUqan hnhPnXhpw ]tImimXoXhpw
jUv`mh hnIm iq\yhpw kh hn[nepw hneWam
Ipp. B[ymbnIw, A[n`uXoIw, B[n ssZhoIw
F Xm]{Xb IrI Imcyw m\mXr
tbw t`mr t`mKt`mKyw Fv aqv hn[amWv.
2. XzMv amwk timWnXmn kv\mbp
amx jSv
tImim Imat{Im[ tem`tamlaZ
amcy amXymZn
I K
N P
694
jSvhmx Aab{]mWat\mab
hnPv Rm\abm \abm CXn ]
tImimx {]nbm
P\\ h\ ]cnWmab\mimx
jUv `mhmx
Ai\mbm ]n]mkm timItaml Pcmacm
\oXn jUq
abx IpetKm{X PmXn hm{iacq]mWn
jUv {`amx GXtZymtK\ ]ca ]pcptjm
Pothm `hXn, \m\y;
Nw, amwkw, cw, An, \mUn, a, Ch
Bdpw jUv tImi; Imaw t{Im[w tamlw, tem`w
aZw amcyw Ch i{Xpfmb jUv h; {]mW
abw tat\mabw Aabw B\abw hnPvRm\abw Ch
Apw ]tImi; {]nbXzw P\\Xzw, hrn
]cnWmawbw, \miw Ch Bdpw jUv `mh;
hniv, Zmlw, timIw, tamlw, PcarXyp Ch Bdpw
jUaqnI; PmXn, hw, B{iaw, Ipew, tKm{Xw,
cq ]w Ch Bdpw jUv { `a; ChbpsSsbmw
kwtbmKmemWv ]ca]pcpj Poh\mbnocpXv.
ap hn[ne.
3. b GXZp]\njZw \nXya[otX tkm n
]qtXm `hXn. khmbp ]qtXm `hXn. k BZnXy
]qtXm `hXn. AtcmKo `hXn. {ioamw `hXn.
]p{X]\{XmZn`nx kartm `hXn. {ioamw
`hXn. ]p{X]\{XmZn`nx kartm `hXn.{ioamw
`hXn. ]p{X]\{XmZn`nx kartm `hXn. hnZzmw
`hXn . e alm]mXImXv ]qtXm `hXn .
kpcm]m\mXv ]qtXm `hXn. AKaymKa\mXv ]qtXm
`hXn . amXrKa\mXv ]qtXm `hXn . Zpln Xr
kv\pjm`n Ka\mXv ]qtXm `hXn. kzkvtX
bmXv ]qtXm `hXn thZn P lm\mXv ]qtXm
`hXn. ZplnXrkv\pjm`n Ka\mXv ]qtXm `hXn.
Kptcmc{iqjWmXv ]qtXm `hXn. AbmPybm-
P\mXv ]qtXm `hXn. AZy `WmXv ]qtXm
`hXn. D{K{]Xn{KlmXv ]qtXm `hXn. ]cZmcK
a\mXv ]qtXm `hXn. Imat{Im[ tem` tamtl
jym Zn`nc_m[ntXm `hXn. kth`yx ]mt]t`ym
aptm `hXn. Cl P\n ]pcptjm `hXn.
Fpw Cu D]\njv hmbnph An]q
X\pw hmbp]qX\pw AtcmKnbpw sFizcyhm\pw
]p{X]u{XmZnkar\pw hnZzm\pw alm]m]hnapIvX\pw
aZy]m\tZmj hnap\pw AKayKa\ ]m]hnap\pw
amXrZplnXrkv\pjmZnKa\]m] hnap\pw Bbno
cpp. Kpcpip{iqj sNmXncn, A`y `Ww
]cZmcKa\w apXemb ]m]n \nv hnapIvX\mIp
p. Ahs\ Imat{Im[ tem` tamtljymZnI _m[n
n. kh]m]hnap\mbn Cu Pn Xs
]pcpj\mbn Ah km\y\mIpp.
4. XkvamtZXXv ]pcpj kqmaXnclkyw
cmPKplyw tZh Kplyw KplymZ]n KplyXcw
\mZonXmtbm]ZntiXv ; \m\qNm\mb
\mb ioemb' \msshjv Whmb
\mtbmKnt\ \
_lp `mjntW \m {]nb hmZnt\
\mkw hc thZnt\ \mXpjvSmb
\m\[oX thZmb D]ZntiXv
Kpcpct]yhw hnXv
ipNu tZti ]pWy\t{X {]mWm\mbay
]pcpjw [ymbp]kmb injymb ZnW
It. ]p cpj kq{Xmap]Zn tiXv
hnZzm \ _lptim htZXv bmXbmtam `hXn.
AkIrXv Iap]ZntiXv . GXXv IphmtWm
At[yXm A[ym]I Cl P\n ]pcptjm
`hXoXyp]\njXv .
AXpsImv Cu ]pcpjkqmw cmPKplyhpw
tZhKplyhpw KplymXv KplyXchpamWv. CXns A
w AXyw clkyamWv. A`nnX\pw A\qNm\\pw
Abioe\pw AsshjvWh\pw AtbmKnpw _lp
`mjnpw. A{]nbhmZnpw A\[oXthZ\pw CXv
DtZincpXv. hnZzm\mb Kpcp hnip m\ncpv
]pWy\{Xn {]mWmbmatmsS ]c]pcpjs\
[ym\nv hn\bPnmkm\znX\mb injys heXp
sNhnbn ]pcpjkqma]tZinpI. Gsd
]dbcpXv. As\ sNbv Xm D]tZiw ZqjnXamIpw.
sNhnbn ]ehw ]dp sImSpWw. Cs\ D]-
tZinm At[yXmhpw A[ym]I\pw ]pcpj\mbn
`hnpw Fv D]\njv \ntinpp.
apZv Ktem]\njv kam]np.
Q
I K
N P
695
imn]mTw
Hmw. B]ymbp aamwKm\w hmIv {]mW
p t{imXmatYm_ean{nbmWn N khmWv .
khw {_tm]\njZw amlw {_ \ncmIpcymw
hm\m {_ \ncmImtcm Z \ncmIcW akv Xz
\ncmIcWw ta Akv Xp XZm\n \nctX b
D]\njXv kp [mkv Xabn kp. tXabn
kp. Hmw imn: imn: imn:
Hmw Fs AwK ]cn]pjvSn {]m]ns. hmv
{]mW t\{Xw t{im{Xw Fnhbpw C{nbfpw ]pjvSn
{]m]ns. CXv D]\njZpamb {_amWv. Rm
AXns\ \ncmIcnpn. {_w Fs ]cnXyPnm
Xncns. F\npw {_n\pw Xn At`Zyamb
_w DmIs. {_ \ncX\mb Fn D]\nj-
Zpfmb [ nXnsNs. Hmw. imn:
imn: imn:
Hmw _rl{ZtYm ssh\ma cmPm cmtPy
tPyjv Tw ]p{Xw \n[m]bnXzm GX aimizXw
a\yam\mx icocw sshcmKyapt]tXmcWyw
\nPKma. kX{X ]caw X] Bmb BZnXy
aoamW Du[z _mKpkvXnjvTt kl{kky
ap\n cnIamPKmamK\ncnhm[paIkv tXPkm
\n Zln hmhn Xv `Khm imImb\y
DnjvtTmnjv T hcw hrWojzm AXn cmP\
a{ _hoXv . kXkv ssa \akv Ir tXym hmN
`Khmmlam hnw XXz hnXv irWptam
hbw kXzw t\m {_qlotXyXZv {hXw ]pckvXm
ZiIyw am]rp {]iv \ ssazm XIm\ym
Imam hrWotjzXn imImb\yky NcWm h`n
apiyamt\mcmtPamw KmYmw PKmZ.
Cu icocw A\nXyamsW t_m[w _rl{ZY
F cmPmhn\papmbn. AtXmsS Atln\v sshcm
Kyw DZbw sNbvXp. Xqew cmPys tPyjvT]p{Xs\
Gev ]nv h\ntep t]mbn. AhnsS Atlw Gsd-
mew ITn\ X]p sNbv Xp. kqcym`napJambn \np
sImv Atlw Du[z_mlphmbn \nebpdnp.
Bbncw hjw Igntm Atlns X]cy-
bpsS ^eambn Bm\nbmb imImb\ F
ap\n Atlns ASpsen. ]pIbnm
Ansbtmse Atlns tXPv {]Iminp.
Atlw cmPmhnt\mSv ]dp: Fgptq.... Fgp
tq. hcw BhiysSpI.
cmPmhv ]dp: `Khms\, Rm Bm\n
bmsWv Rm tInpv. AXn\m F\nv B-
m\amIp hcw XctW; AXp tIv ap\n ]dp:
CzmIp hwiP\mb cmPmth, assnepw hcw tNmZn
psImpI. ]p apXte hfsc hfsc ITn\sap
IcpXntm Cu hcw tNmZncpXv. CXv tIv _rl{Z
Y imImb\s ]mZ {Klnp Cs\ ]dp.
2. `Kh\\n N kv \mbp am amwk
ip{I timWnX tjvam {ip ZpjntX hn aq{Xm
hmX]n I^ kwLmtX ZpKt \nmtc f
kvan icotc Inw Imtam]t`mssK:
3. Imat{Im[ tem` `btamlhnjmtZ thyjvS
hn tbmKm\n jv S kw{ ]bK XaXv ]n ]mkm
CcmarXyp tcmK timImss[y c`n]tX f kv an
icotc Inw Imtam ] t`m ssKx
4. khw tNZw bn jv Wp ]iy mtam
btYtaZwiaiImZb kvIrWhXv \y X tbmZv
`qX {]m[znwkn\x
5. AY In ta ssX hm ]tc f t\y alm [\p
[cm {Ihn\: tINnXv kpZypav\: `qcnZypav\:
C{ Zyp av \: Ip hebmiz buh\miz hZv
[nbmizmiz]Xn: ii_np: lcn{ Aw_co
tjma\q kz mbmXn : bbmXn : A\cWy:
Djtk\: Dacp `cX{]`rXtbm cmPmt\m
anjtXm _phky alXow {Xnbw Iyzm
AkvamXv temImXn Aapw temIw {]bmn:
6. AY IntassX hm ]tc f t\y Kh
hmkpc bcmk `qXKW ]nimtNmcK
{KlmZo\mw \ntcm[\w ]iyma:
`Khms\, Cu icocw Am, Nw, kv \mbp,
a, amwkw, cw A{ip, akw , aq{Xw, hmXw, ]w,
I^w FnhtbmSp IqSnbXpw ZpK]qcnXhpw
\nmchpamWv B nXnv hnjb kpJsfsmv
Fsmcp]tbmKw? Cu icocw Imaw t{Im[w tem`w `bw
ZpxJw Cujy {]nb P\hntbmKw hniv Zmlw
hm[Iyw acWw. tcmKw timIw Fnhbm ]oUnX
amWv . B \nev hnjb kpJsfsmsp
{]tbmP\w? Cu kakv X PKpw \{iamWv. a\pjy
XpSnb kIeXpw acWaSbpXv Rm ImWpp.
AXpt]mse sImXpIp XpSnbh t]mse Gsd \m
PohnpXn\p app Np t]mIpp. henb henb
ssass{XbWyp]\njv
1
3
I K
N P
696
hnmfnIfpw, kpZypav\, `qcnZypav\ CvZypav\ Iphe
bmizc [nbmiz Aip]Xn ii_np, lcn{
Aw_co a\pjy]p{X\mb icymXn bbmXn A\c
Wy Dtk\ acp, `cX apXemb henb
henb N{Ihnam t]mepw XfpsS _p
Ip sImncnth Xs Cu temInse kIe
sFizcyfpw D]tbmKnv ]ctemIw {]m]n nXnv
apv kqNnn IoSfpsS nXnsbn Fp
]dbm\mWv . a\pjy am{Xa Khm Akpcm
bm cmkm `qX ]nimNp k]y
apXembhbpw \miaSbpXmbn \mw ImWpp.
7. AY In ta ssX hm\ym\mw timjWw
alm hm\mw inJcnWmw {]]X\w. {[phky
{]Ne\w m\w hm XcpWmw \na\w ]rYn
hym: m\m Z]kcw kpcmWmw; tkm f l
antXy hw hnt[ kvan kwkmtc Inw Imtam]
tZmssKssbtchm {inXkym kIrZnlmh\w
ZryX CXn Dpw AlkoXy tm Z
]m\tm t`I Chmlakv an kwkmtc
`Khm; kXzw t\m KXn kvXzw t\m KXn:
Asn AhbpsS Imcyw t]mIs. henb
kap{Z t]mepw hntmIpp; ]hX s]mn
Icpp. {[ph\{Xhpw kzm\v ncambncnp
n. hr \new ]XnppN `qanbpw Hcp
m\v ncambn \npn. tZhmv m\
Ne\w DmIpp. B \nev Almcw \nd Cu
temIn hnjb kpJfn IpSpnnSpXp
sImv FmsWmcp KpWw? hnjbn IpSpnbh
hopw hopw P\\N{In IpSpnbh hopw
hopw P\\N{ In Ip Sp pp . AXn \m
`Khms\, AIq]n hoW Xhfsbtmse Cu
temIn Rm\pw hoWncnpp. Av Fs
DcnWw. Rm Asb icWw {]m]npp.
AmsWmcm{ibw.
cmw {]]mTIw
1. AY `Khm imImb\y: kp{ ]oX: kp
A{_hoXv cmPm\mw almcmP, _rl{ZtY
zmIphwi [zP iojmP: IrXIrXykv Xzw
acpXv\mat\Xn hn{iptXmkoXn Abw hmhJezm
xtXmx IXtam `Khm hw CXn Xw hmtNXn.
2. b G tjm DzkmhnjvSphjvSw `t\t\m
[z ap Xv { Imtm hybamt\m hyam\kv \a:
{]Wp`tXyj Bt Xyml `Khm ssa{Xox
CtXyhw Alw AY b Gj kw{ ]mkm
tZmkv acocmXv kapmb ]cw tPymXn cq]
kw]Zy tkz\ cqt]W A`n\njv ]ZyX Gj
BtXn t_mhmssNX `arXh`b taXXv .
{_tXn.
]ns `Khm\mb imImb\y Gsd {]k\mbn
cmPmhnt\mSv ]dp. {_{ZYalmcmPmth, Av
CzmIp hwiP\mb {]PiojcmPmhns ]p{X\mWv .
acpv F \man hnJymX\pw Fmhn[nepw
IrXIrXy\pamWv . Bmhv Gs\sbv Rm
Atbvv ]dpXcWw ap\n ]dp: _mlyfmb
C{nbsf \ntcm[nptm Cu {]mW\mIp
Bmhv tbmKw aptJ\ apIfntemv Ibdpp. AXv
ZpxJmIsap tXmnbmepw bYmn ZpxJlo
\hpw AImc\miIhpamWv . Cu BmhpXsbmWv
icocn\p shfnbn hv ]ca tPymXn kzcq]amb
{_s {]m]np Xs kzcq]n ncambn
nXnsNpXv. Cu Bmhv A`b cq]hpamWv.
3. AY Jezn]nbw {_hnZym kthm]\njZv
hnZym hm cmPkvamIw `KhXm ssat{XtbW
hymJymXm f ltX IYbnjym ao Xy Ym]lN
]m]v am\kv aXn tXPk. DuZ[z tcXtkm
_meJneym CXn {ipbt f tX {]Pm]Xn
a{_ph `Kh iISanhm tNX\ anXrw icocw
IsskyjJev ]o Zr tim aln amb Xo { ob
`qXkytbss\ XZzn [anZw tNX\hXv {]XnjvTm
hn Xw { ]tamZbn Xm f ky tIm `KhtX
`kvamIw {_qloXn Xm tlmhmN.
cmPmthm kakvtXm]\njpfpw Fns\n
bmtWm D]tZinpXv B {_sn bp
m\w `Khm ssat{Xb Rv \Inbnpv.
AXns\s Rm Abv v ]dpXcmw. ]m]w
\inhcpw tXtPmcq]nIfpw {_NmcnIfpamb ap\nam
{]ikvXcmWv. Ah Hcn {_mhnt\mSv tNmZnp.
`Khms\ Cu icocw iISXpeyamWv . B kv YnXnv
Fns alnabnemWv GXv C{nbns kmnyw
sImmWv ssNX\y]msWp tXmphn[w
{]XnjvT{]m]npXv? B Imcyw Rv ]dp
XcnI.
4. tb l Jep hmtNm ]cn: {ipbtX k hm
Gj ip: ]qX: iq\y: imtm f {]mtWm
KptWjp Ch DutcXtk: f \o imm f tXm
f : nc: imiztXmP: kzX{ : tkzalnav \n
Xnjv TXyt\t\`w icocw tNX\hXv {]Xnjv Tm
]nXw {]tNmZbnXm ssN tjm f tkzXn IYmanXn
Xm tlmhmNm.
{_mhv ]dp: hmn\XoXsap ]dbsSp
iphpw ]hn{Xhpw iq\yhpw imhpw A{]amWhpw
A\hpw Ahn\minbpw nchpw k\mX\hpw
PclnXhpw kzX{hpamb Bmhns alnabmWv
I K
N P
697
CmWpsXmw. AXp aptJ\bmWv icocn
ssNX\ykZriamb {]Xnjv T InpXv . CXptIv
_mehneym tNmZnp: `Khms\, Cu Bmhv Cm
clnXambncpnpw icocn ssNX\ykZriamb
{]XnjvT InpXv . CXptIv _mehneym tNmZnp:
`Khms\, Cu Bmhv CmclnXambncpnpw icoc
n ssNX\ycq]n Fs\bmWv Ddp \np
Xv , CXp Fn\p t{]cW sImSppp? FmWv
CXns alXzw {_mhv ]dp.
5. k hm Gj kqvtam f {Kmtlym AZriy:
]pcpj kwmtIm _pn]qjan ssl hm
htX Awit\Xn. kp]v Xtky ]m _pn
]qhIw hn t_m[ GhanXn AY tbm l Jep
sshXky tkmw f tim b: tNXmam{X: {]Xn
]pcpj: t{X : kev]m[nhkmbm`nam\
enwK: {]Pm]Xn hnizmJytX t\t\Zw icocw
tNX\ hXv {]Xnjv TmhnXw {]tNmZbnXm ssh-
tjm f hytkyXn. tX tlm Np: `Kh, bZv
At\t\Zrti\m\njvT ss\ X Zzn[anZw tNX\
hXv {]XnjvTmhnXw {]tNmZbnXm sshtjm f ky
IYanXn Xm tlmhmtNXn.
Cu Bmhv kqv ahpw A{Km]yhpw AZyiyhp
amIpp. ]pcpjs\mWXns t]cv Xs Hcwim
AXv ChnsS _pn]qw {]hnpp. Ddp
hs\ DWpI CXns Hcwisas{X. kIePohnI
fnepw Pohmmhmbn hnpXv AXp Xs. AXv
kIe icocnepw t{Xm\cq]n hn
pp. tXPpw kev]bphpw AXpXs. {]Pm
]Xn cq]hpw khZinbpamWXv. B ssNX\ymemWv
icocw ktNX\mbn hnpXv. _meJneym
tNmZnp: `Khm Cu Bmhv AJWvUambncpnv
Fs\bmWv Awicq]n hnpXv. Atm
{_mhp ]dp:
6. {]Pm]Xnhm GtIm f t{K AXnjvTXv. k
\mcaX GI: k Bm\a`n[ymXzm _lz o:
{]Pm: AkrPXv . Xm Asskyhm {]hrm
A{]mWm mWpcnh XmjvTam\ A]iyXv k
\mc`X. tkm f a\yssXmkmw {]Xnt_m[\mbm
`ycw {]mhnim \oXyY k hmbp anhm\
IrXzm A`ycw {]mhniXv k GtIm \mhniXv
k ][mm\w {]hn` tPymNytX b: {]mtWm
f ]m\w kam\ DZmt\m hym\ CXn.
BZyw {]Pm]Xn am{Xta Dmbncppp. GImIn
bmbXn\m Btln\v kzX e`nn. Xqew
Bmhns\ [ym\nv Atlw At\I hn[nep
{]PIsf krjvSnp Xm krjvSn PohnI {]mWcln
Xsapw XqWpt]mse PUsapw Atln\v a\n
emm Ignp. AXnjv SsSmsX Cu {]PIsf
ktNX\amm Chbv pn {]thinWsav
Atlw Xocpam\np. As\ Nnnv kzbw hmbphn
s\tmse Ahbn {]thinp As\ Htc {]mW
Ambn {]mW, A]m\, kam\, DZm\, hym\.
7. AY tbm f baqZz apXv{ImaXotXyj hma
k {]mtWm f Y tbm f bahmMv Nw kw{Ima
tXyj hmh k A]m\: AY tb\ sshXm f
\p{KlotXm tXyj hmh k hym\: AYtbmSbw
hnjvtTm hm AwtK AwtK kam\ btXyj
hmh k kam\ kwm Dcw hym\ky cq]w
N GtX jm ac {]kqXn tcthmZm ky Y tbm
f bw sshj hmh k DZm\:
apIfntemv KanpXmWv {]mW; Xmtgmv
KanpXv A]m\, AXyw qeamb As
Kp Zo\sn p Xv kam\; Xn nIbp w
IpSnpIbpw Xmtgmpw apIfntempw t]mIpIbpw sNbvXv
icoc{]h\w \nb{npXv DZm\, \mUnIfn
\ndncnpXv hym\. #nXmWv ]hmbpfpsS
GItZi kz`mhw.
8. AtYm]mwipccytfm aap]mw iptaXtbm
ccmtZhujv Wyw { ]mkh ZyZujWyw
k]p cp tjm Y b: ]p cp j: tkm An
sshzm\tcm ]y \y{X A]n Abpan
sshizm\tcm tbmba: ]pcptjm tbt\ Zaw
]NytX bZnZaZytX XsskyjtLmjm `hXn
btZXXv Imh]n [z mb ir tWmXn k
btZmXv { Ian jy `hXn ss\\w tLmjw
irtWmXn.
Djv WXm ]pcpj Fp ]dbpXv kao]n
AcymanbmIpw Hcp bman\pn FcnSp
Xpw As\ cn\pw at[y Djv Wamkfnep
mIp Djv WamWv. AXpXs sshizm\cs\
An. As\ Dn hknp ]pcpj\mWv sshizm
\cmnsbpw AXpXsbmWv `nsSp Aw
ZlnnpsXpw AdnbpI. AXns i_vZw Xs
bmWv AIv tIsSpXv . ImXSm tIp
i_v Zw AXp Xs icocn \n v {]mW
hnIm Cu i_vZw tIn.
9. k hm Gj ][m f m\w {]hn`Py
\nlntXm Kplmbmw at\m ab: BImimtXn,
k hm Gtjm f kv aXv lrZcmXv AIrXm
tm f a\y Xmm\iv \mKmXn; AX: Jm\o
am\n`ntXzmZnX: ]Rv aocivan`n hnibm\oXn
_po{nbmWn bm\n Camt\yXm\yky civab:
It{nbmWyky lbm cY icocw at\m\nb-
m {]IrXn atbm f ky {]tXmtZt\\ Jep
I K
N P
698
Cucn X: ]cn { `aXoZw icocw N{Ian h arXv
]Nt\`w icocw tNX\hXv {]Xnjv Tm]nXw
t{]mZbnXm sshtjm ]y tkyXn.
{]Pm]XnbmIp Bmhv kzbw Ambn hn`Pnv
lrZbKplbn ncambn hknpp. Cu Bmhp
Xs at\mcq]nepw {]mWcq]nepw at\Iw
cq]fnepw kXykev ]bpamWv. Cs\ lrZb
n Ignv AXv Xms\ AIrXms\v Nnn
pp. kzbw IrX\mIm Xs Ap Zzmc
]t{nbfmbn. ]t{nb ISnmWpw It
{nb IpXncIfpamIpp. icocw cYw a\v kmcYn
kz`mhw NbmWv . Cu Nmbm t{]cnnsSptm
icocw N{Intev t{]cnXamIpp. Fm acWm\
cw AXv tNX\mbpamIpn. Cs\ Bmhp
Xs icocn\v t{]cW \Ipp.
10. k hm Gj B thmin Ihb: knXm
kn ssX: I^sse c\`n `q X Ch { ]Xn
icotcjp NcXn Ahy XzmXv , kuv ayXv
AZriyXzmXv A{Kmly XzmXv , \ne XzmXv ,
A\htm kvXn ImIss hmh k
hm Gj ip: ntcm ANe tem ]yhyt{Km
\nkv]rl: t{]IhZhnX: kz EX`pKv
KpW htb\ ]tS\mm\a [mb Ahn
tXm CXyhnX CXn.
Bmhv icocn\v hiwhZambn t]mbncnpp
shpw ip`mip`IfpsS ^eambn _\mbncnp
pshpw. AXv \anw `n`nicocfn kcn
psImncnpIbmsWpw tXmntmIpw. Fm
bYmn AXv Ahyhp w kq v aahp w
A{Klyhpa XmclnXhpw BsWv a\nemm
Ignbpw AXv khmmclnXamWv. AXn Ir
Xzansnepw AXv ImhmsW\v tXmntmIpp.
Bmhv iphpw nchpw ANehpw Bkn
clnXhpw CmclnXhpw Zrjv Ssahn[w kzI
^ea\p `hnpXmbn tXmsSpXpamIpp.
am{Xa AXv kzcq]s {XnKpWmI hkv{Xw aptJ\
BhcWw sNsSpsXv tXmnpXpamWv .
aqmw {]]mTIw
tX tlmNp: `Kh b tZyhw Aky Bt\m
aln am\w kq NbkoXn At\ym hm]c:
tImSbammJy: tbm bw kn Xm kn ssX:
I^ssec`n`qbam\: kZktZym\nam]ZyXm
CXyhmRv Otbm[z mhKXn ssZz ssz c`n
`qbam\: ]cn{`aXn.
_meJyenm CXp tIv hopw tNmZnp:
`Khms\, Av Cu Bmhns alnasbn
]dbptm ip`mip`ISnsv \Xpw
Nobp amb tbm\n Ifn Np n dp
Bmhv thsdmmtWm kpJ ZpxJfm ]cmP
bsv D\oNKXn Ifn { `aWw sNbv Xp
sImncnpXmtWm?
2. AkvXn Jep At\ym ]cm`qXmmtJym tbm
bw knXm kossX: I^sse c`n `qb am\:
kZktZym\n am]ZyhmNn w tNm[z mw KXn w
Zzmssc`nbam\: ]cn{`aXoXyXy D]mJym\w
]Xm{XmWn `qX i_v tZt\mNytX iY
tXjv Tmw b kapZmb icocanXyp aX tbm l
Jep hmh icocanXypw k`qXmtXypw
AYmkvXn Xkpm _npcnh ]pjvIc CXn k
hm Gtjm `n `qX: {]mIrssX: KpssW: CXytXm
Bhn `qXmXv kapUXz {]bmXy kwaqVXzm
`mw {]`pw `Khw ImcbnXmcw \m]iyZv
KpWussL: Xr]yam\: kkv ]rtlm hy{Km
`nam\nXzw {]bmX CXylw tkm ataZ antXyhw
a\yamt\, \n_ym\m Bm\w Pmte
t\h Ir Xm\p ^ew A`n `q bam\mkZ
ktZy m\n am]ZyX CXyhmtbmz mhK-
XnZzssc`n`qban\x ]cn{`aXn.
CXp tIv {_mhv ]dp: ip`mip` I
Snsv DgepXv asmcp `qXmmhmWv. AXv \Xpw
Nobpamb tbm\nIfn Npndpp. D \oN KNn
{]m]npp. AXv cmKtZzjmZn Zzz`hmn\Sns
XmWv. AXpsImmWv `qXmmhv FXns\ ]dbpXv
Ap Xm{XIsfbpw ]alm`qXsfbpw `qXsav
]dbpw ChbpsS kmctI{amWv icocw AXp
sImmWv icocs `qXmmshp ]dbpXv. CXnse
Bmhv Xmacbnebnse shn\v XpeyamWv .
AXn\v Dn hknp t{]cImmhns\ ImWm
km[npn. AXpt]mse KpWkaqln AXr]v X
\pw ]m]nbpw Anc\pw Ne\pw A`nam\nbpw
Almcnbpambnocp Ah CXv Rm\mWv CXv
FsXmWv Fp `mhnp sImv ]nsbtmse IpSp
ns]Spp. Xm sNbvX IfpsS ^eambn AXv
kzbw _XambnNpndpp.
3. b: Im tkmbw ssh `qXmm ImcbnXm
A: ]pcpj: AY bYmn\m Ab: ]nWvtUm
hm A`n`qX: IXr`n l\yamt\m \m\mXz
apt]Xy Ghw hmh Jep Aku `qXmm A:
]pcptjWm`n `qtXm KpssW l\y amt\m
\m\mXz apss]Xn NXp Pmew NXpZihn[w
NXpioXn Y ]cn WXw `qXtKWtaX ssZz
\m\mXzky cq]w. Xm\n l hm GXm\n KpWm\n
]pcptjtWcoXm\n N{Ianh arXv ]tNt\Xn. AY
bYmb: ]nWvtU l\yamt\ \mnc`n`qbtXyhw
I K
N P
699
\m`n `qbXy ku ]pcptjm A`n `qXXybw
`qXmtm]kw njvSXzm ZnXn. AYm A\y{Xm
]ypw icocanZw saYp\m tZthmZv `qXw kw
hrypt]Xw \nctb Y aq{X ZzmtcW \njv {Im
an`nnXw amw tk\m\pen]v Xw NWm
h\w hn aq { X ]n I^ amtatZm
hkm`ncss\y Ba ssb: _lp`n: ]cn]qw
tImi Ch ky\m.
Cu `qXmmhnsXmWv IXrXzsapw tIhew
t{]cI\msWpw ap ]ebnSpw ]dnpv. AXv
C{nbsfsmv ]e Imcyfpw sNnpp.
Anbn ]gpnsSp Ccpv ASnv ]ecq]
nempXpt]mse `qXmmhpw ipmmhn\m
X]nsv hnhn[ cq]w sImpp. {XnKpWkwbp
amb F]n \mep ew tbm\nIfn AXv
Npndpp. At\Xzns kzcq]w AXpXs.
N{Iw Idp Ipih N{In \npw `n-
ambncnpXpt]mse Bmhv Cu KpWfn
\nsmw `namWv . CcptKmfw ASnptm
AXn\pnse Ansbb ASnpXv AXpt]mse
ipmmhn\v Hcp hnImchpw DmIpn. `qXmm
hns kwkw sImp tZjw DmIpw. kv {Xo
]pcpj kwtbmK^eambn DmIp Cu icocw sNX\y
clnXhpw \cI XpeyhpamWv . aq{XZzmcn IqSn hcp
Cu icocw An\nnXhpw amwkte]nXhpw N
mhrXhpw aeaq{X I^ ]nmZnIfm ]qcnXhpamWv .
IqSmsX CXv At\Iw ]nX hkvXpfpsSbpw Hcp
kamlmcamsWv ]dbmw.
4. AYm \y {Xm ]ypw kmtlm `bw
hn jmtZm \n{Zm X{o {]amtZm Pcm timI:
pXv ]n]mkm ImWyw t{Imt[m kmkv XnIy
am\w amcyw \njv ImcpWyw aqVXz w,
\n{hnUXzw CXn Xmakm\n, NeXz hy{KXzw
PoKnjmtYm]mP\w an{Xm\p{Kl ]cn{Klm]ew
_m\n Cjv tSjv T C{n bmtjp Zzrjv Sncn
jvtSjvT A`njzwK: ip kztcm X akv XnXn
cmPkmt\yssX: ]cn]oWW GssXc`n `qXm
CXybw `qXmcmm Xkv amXv \m\m cq]mWv
B]vt\mXn CXn B]vt\mXn.
CtXn thsdmcnSpw ]dnpv. tamlw, `bw,
ZpxJw, tIm]w, hmIyw, hniv, Zmlw, ssZ\yw, \n{Z,
Bekyw, \mkvXnIyw, Am\w, amcyw, \n`bX,
auVyw, ebnmbva, IrXLv \X, Almcw, hnjaX
Cs\ At\Iw XtamhnImcfmWv. \ndXmWv
icocw. IqSmsX XrjvW kvt\lw, cmKw, tem`w lnwk
eoe Cujy, tXmnbt]mep s]cpamw NeX
GsXnepw XnsbSpWsa B{Klw ]Wn
sImXn, {]nbanmXn hntZzjw XpSnb ctPmKp
WhnImcfpw AXn Gsdbpv Chsbmw \nanw
Cu `qXmmhv ]cmPnXambn CXn \np hnhn[cq
] kw`hnpp.
\memw {]]mTIw
1. tX l Jep hmth[z tcXtkm AXn
hnkvanXm A`nktaXy Du Np:`Kh, \akvtX,
Akv Xp. A\pim[n Xzw AkvamIw KXnc\y \
hnZybm CXn Aky tIm hn[n: `qXmt\m tb
t\`w lnXzm Bt\yh kmbqPy D ss]Xn Xm
tlmhmtNXn.
{_NmcnIfmb _meJneym AXptIp Gsd
hnkv anXcbn ASpp sNv ]dp: `Khms\,
Abvv \akvImcw. Ap am{XamWv Rp
icWw. Rv thsdmc`ban. AXn\m Cu
`qXmmhns AXnYnbmscv a\nemncWw. CXv
khhpw shSnv BpthnbmWv Bmhn
Xs kmbqPyw t\SpXv? {_mhv ]dp.
2. AY A\y{Xm]n Dw almZojvT Duab
Chm \nhIaky bXv ]pcmIrXw kap{Zta
teh Zp \n hmcaky ar tXym cmKa\w
kZkXv ^eassb ]mssi: ]wKpcn h _w
_\kvXsskyh kzmX{yw ba hnjb
tkyh _lp `bm hw aZn tcm Ch
tamlaZn tcmw. ]m]v a\m Kr loX Ch
`ymayamWw atlmcK ZjvS Ch hnjbZjvSw alm
k Imcanh cmKmw C{Pme anh ambmabw
kz]v \ Ch anYymZi\w IZfo K` Ch kmcw
\S Ch W thjw Nn { X`n n cn h
anYymat\mca anXytYmw. i_v Z kv]imZtbm
ly matXy A\m Ch Bn tXm
tbjmw kkv Xp `qXmm \kv atcXv ]cam
]Zw.
]ns thsdmcnSpw Cs\ ]dncnpp.
henb \ZnIfn Hmf DmIpXpt]mse Cu
`qXmmhnepw ]qhI DmImhpXmWv .
AXns ^ew AXn\v A\p`hntn hcpp. kap{Z
nse XncameIfpsS AwIpdnm Xocw thWw.
AXpt]mse Cu`qXmmhn\v acWw BhiyamWv .
ip`mip`I ^eambn hyn arKsftmse
_\n s]Spp. IqSmsX ]qambpw ]cX{
\mIpp. Ime]pcnbntem Fp tXmpamdv Cs\
`qXmmhv kZm `oX\mWv. hnjbkpJaZy tkhnv
Ah D\mbnop. ]m] `qXm himse
t]mse Apanpw Aebpp. hnjmp ISnXp
t]mse B]n \m Zpx JnX\mIp p . hn jtb
I K
N P
700
bmIp \n_nUmImcm Ah A\mIpp.
amPnpImcs hnZybmsetmWw ambm _\mIpp.
kz]v\w t]mse anYybmb IZfo K`w t]mse AXv
\nmcamWv . \SstmWw Ah ]pXnb thj
[cnpp. `nnNn{Xw t]mse _mly kucyw am{Xam
WnXv. i_vZkv ]imZnhnjbfpw Akm[mcWfmWv.
Ahbn Bk\mb `qXmmhn\v Xs kw_n
bYm t_m[an.
3. Abw hmh Jep Aky {]Xn hn[n. `qXm
t\mbXv thZhn Zym [n Ka: kz [
kym\pNcWw kym{itajvT Ghm\p{IaWw kz
[ky hm GXZv {hXw kv Xw ` im tJhm
]cmWy t\ t\m [z `mKv `hXy \yYm AhmMn
tXzj kz[tm A`nltXm tbm thtZ#vT \
kz[mXn {ItaWm {kao `hXn . B{ita
tjzhmk: X]kzo CXyp NytX. CtXyZbpw
\mX]k: Bmt\ A [nKa: Ghw ln
Bl X]km {]m]ytX a\: a\k: {]m]ytX
lymm bam]v Xzm \m\nhtX CXn.
Cs\bp bpnbpsS D]mbw CXmWv. m\w
knnm km[yamI hn[w [mNcWw thWw.
AXpt]mse B{ ia [m\p jv Tm\hpw thWw.
Fsm kz [n\p am{Xta Fmw km[nm
Ignbq. A\y [ kvXw` imJt]mse anYybmWv.
`qXmmhv kz[memWv DXn {]m]npXv.
aphn[nsen A[x]X\w Xs. thtZm [
U ssIshSnbph B{ianb. B{ia [w
]menph X]kznbmWv . X]kznbmhs
[ym\w Bhnepdn. As\bph\v Iipn
bn. X]n\m m\w e`npp; m\m
a\v hiw hZamIpw; a\v \nb{Wnembm B
{]m]vXn e`npw. B{]m]vXnbm kwkmc tamN\w
e`npp.
At{XtX tmIm: `hn
1. bYm \n cnt\m hn: ky tbm\m
hp]imarXn
XYm hrn bmnw kz tbm\m
hp] imayXn
2. kz tbm\m ap] im ky am\k:
kXyKman\:
C{nbm hnaqV kym \rXym
I him\pKm:
3. Nntah ln kwkmc XXv {]bXvt\\
tim[tbXv
bmnkvXtbm `hXn Kply taXXv
k\mXXw
4. Nnky ln {]kmtZ\ ln I
ip`mip`w
{]kmm B\nnXzm kpXza
hyb aiv\p tX
5. kamkw bZm Nnw Ptm
hnjb tKmNtc
btXyhw {_Wn kymXv tIm \ apNytX
_\mXv.
hndIp Xom Xobv AhnsSs sISpXp
t]mse hrnI \inXn\ptijw Nnw kzbtah
imamIpp. DXv]n m\v imambn m\w
t\Snb Nnw kXyntev {]cnXamIpp. Atm
Ihim\pKmanIfmb C{nbhnjb AXn\v
anYybmbntXmpp. Nnw Xs kwkmcw AXp
sImv {]bXv\nv NnsipamWw. Nnipn
sImmWv kKn. Nnw imambngnm ip`m
ip` I \inpp. imNn Bmhn
ebnpp. AtXmsS Ah\v imkzXamb B\w Inpw.
Nn w hn jbmamIp { X { _n embm
_\n \nv Fs\ tamw InmXncnpw?
6. at\m ln Zzn hn[w t{]mw ipw
Nmiptah N
Aipw Ima kev]w ipw
Ima hnhPnXw
7. eb hnt]clnXw a\x IrXzm
k\new bZm
bmXyat\m`mhw XZm XXv ]caw ]Zw
8. XmhtZh \ntcm lyw lrZn bmhXv
bw KXw
GXZv m\w N tam tijm
kvXp kvXp {K hnkvXc:
9. kam[n \n[qX aeky tNXtkm
\nthinXkym\n bXv kpJw
et`Xv \ i Iy tX
hbnXpw KncmkZm kzbw XZ: IctW\
KrlytX.
10. A]m at]m n cu l thymav \:
thyma \n etbXv Gh a KXw
Nnw ]y ]pcpj: {]Xn apNytX
11. a\ Gh a\pjymWmw ImcWw _
tamtbm
_mb hnjbmkw apssy
\nhnjbw kv arXw
I K
N P
701
ipsapw Aipsapw a\v cp hn[amWv. Ima
kev ]nXambXv Aiphpw ImahnhPnXambXv
iphpamWv. a\v ebhnt]clnXhpw \ntjw
nchpamIptm ]ca]ZamIpp. m\\miw
kw`hnmXncnpnStmfw AXns\ lrZbn
\ntcm[nWw. AXp Xs m\nsbpw tam
nsbpw kmcw. kam[n aptJ\ amen\yw ZqcoIr
XamhpIbpw Bmhn kwtbmPnnsSpIbpw
sNp Nnw B\a\p`hnpp. AXv hnm
{]bmkw. Pen Pehpw Anbn Anbpw BIm
in BImihpw tNp Ignm ]ns {]YIv
`mhan. AXpt]mse Nnebw kw`hnm a\pjy
ap\mIpp. a\pjycpsS _tamp ImcWw
a\p XsbmWv . hn jbmhn ap amb a\v
tamn\pw ImcWamIpp.
12. AY btY\w IuXv kmb\ kv XpXn:
Xzw {_m Xzw N ssh hnjvWpkvXzw
cp{ZkvXzw {]Pm]Xn Xzan hcptWm
hmbvkvXzan{ kvXzw \ncmIc:
13. Xzw a\pkvXmw NakvXmw ]rYohoXzw
JaYmNypX:
kzmt kz`mhntIt N
_lp[mkwnXn kv Xzbn
14. hntizizc \kvXp `yw hnizmm
hnizI IrXv
hniz `Kv hniz ambpkvXzw hniz
{IoUmcXn: {]`p:
15. \a: immt\ Xp`yw \ tam KplyX
amb N ANnym bm t{]tabmb A\mZn
\n[\mb tNXn
IuXv kymb\s kvXpXn: \o {_amWv . \o
hnjv WphmWv. \o cp{Z\mWv,\o {]Pm]XnbmWv , \o
An bmWv , \ohcp W\mWv \o hmbp hmWv , \o
C{\mWv. \o N{\mWv \o a\phmWv, \oba\mWv, \o
]rYznhmWv, \o ANypX\mWv, \o XsbmWv hnjb
cq]n kzm`mhnIamb Anep Xv . \o
XsbmWv kzn Atb {]Imcn hkn
pXv . kthizc, \n\v \akv mcw. \o Is
khmmhpw khIIcvUmhpw ambm ab\pw
kh {IoUmcX\pw {]`phpw \o Xs. tl im
kzcq]m \n\v \akv Imcw. KqV Xa\pw ANny\pw
A{]tab\pw A\mZn\n[\\pw BWv \o.
16. \tam hm CZ a{K B kotZIw XXv ]tckymXv
XXv ]tctWcn Xw hn jiaXz ew { ]bmXn .
GXcq]w ssh cPkv X {ZP: Jep CucnXw
hnjaXzw {]bmXn. GXssZzkXzky cq]w XXv
kXzt\thcnXw ck: kw{h {kmhXv . tkmw f
timbw btXmam{X: {]Xn ]pcpj: t{X:
kev ]m[yhkmbm`n am\en wK: { ]Pm]Xn :
hntizXyky {]mKpm G \mkvX \a: AY tbm
l Jep hm hky Xmatkmw f tim ku k
{_Nmcn tWm tbm f bw cpt{Zm f Y tbml
Jep hmhky cPtkmw tim ku k {_
NmcntWm tbm f bw {_m f Y tbm l Jep
hmhky kmXz n tImw f tim kuk{ _
NmcntWm tbm f bw hnjv Wp. k hm Gj GI
kv{Xo[m`qtXm f jvSss[Im Zi[m ZzmZi[m
f ]cn anX[m hthmZv `qX DZv `qXXzmZv `qXw
`qtXjp NcXn {]hnjvS: k `qXm\m a[p]Xn
_`qth Xykm hmm f _lnKz m
hlnm
AXv krjv Snpapv tIhew AImaabambn
cpp. ]noSv ]cammhn \npw t{]cWbm
C{nbhnjbambn . CXnsem\v ctPmKpWkzcq]hpamWv .
AtX {]Imcw CXv ctamKpWns cq]hpamWv. t{]cW
e`n Xtam KpWw Xs Xtam KpWn \npm
bXpt]mse CXv kXv en \nv DZbw sImXp
t]mse Hmtcm Pohnbnepw IpSnsImpXv t{X
kzcq]n D ssNX\y kXs. ]cammhns
Awiw Xs AXv . \nnX kzcq]amWXv. ]camm
hns Ghpw hepXpw t{ijv Tamb icocw {_m
hnjvWp atlizcmcmsWv ]dbsSpp. AXn
]cammhns ctPmKpWmw iw {_mhmWv. Xtam
KpWmw iw cp{Z.
hnjv WphmWv kXzKpWmwiw. Hcp ]cammhv
XsbmWv aqp cq]fnepw Fp cq]fnepw
]Xns\mv cq]fnepw ]{p cq]fnepw A\Iw
cq]fnepw ImWsSpXv. AXv A\ambn Hmtcm
`qXnepapv . kh{]mWnIfpsS A[n]XnbmWv AXv.
AXnemWv AIpw ]pdpw Bcq]n IpSn
sImpXv .
Amw {]m]mTIw
1. Zzn Zm hm Gj Bm\w hn `Xybw bx
{]mtWm bmkmhnZnXyx AY Zzu hm GXm
Aky ]m \m A _ln mlcmt{ X
sWtXm hymht tX. Aku hm BZntXym
_ln cmmIymKXymcmt\mf \aobtX
KXncntXyhw lymhw. AY bx InXv hnZzm
A]lX]m]v am f m[ytm f hZmXa\mkvX
njv T Bhr Npx tkm AcmIym
KXym _lncmt\m f \paobtX KXncntXyhw
I K
N P
702
lyml AY b Gtjm f cmZntXy lncbx
]pcptjm bx ]iyXn amw lncWy f hm
Gtjm f tc lrXvjv Ic Gh B{intXm A-
an.
1. ]cammhv cv Xcnep Bmhp AYhm
kzcq]sf [cnpp. Cu {]mW\pw kqcy\pw BZn
bn Dmbncpp. Ah AIpw ]pdpw cmhpw
]Iepw kcnp sImncpp. kqcy _mlymmhpw
{]mW AmcmmhpamIpp. CXns KXnbm Xs
CXv AcmmhmsWv a\nemmw. CXv KXn cq]
amsWv thZ A`n{]mbsSpp. ]m] clnXamb
m\n khmy\mbnXocpp. Ahs a\v
ipamIpw. Ah ]cam \njvT\pw Ahs m\
Npv XpdpIbpw Ah Acmmhn Xs
nXn sNsSpIbpw sNpp. i{Xp aptJ\ Ah
]pdtp t]mIpp. Bmhns KXn A\pam\n
mhpXmsWmWv thZfpsS A`naXw. kqcys
AImbn ImWp lncb ]pcpj \app
lncWyw ({]mImiw) t]mse tXmpp. lrZbIae
n IpSnsImpXv ]pcpj XsbmWv . AXv X
s Aw `npp.
2. AY b Gtjm f tc lrXv ]pjv Ic
Ghm{inXx A an k Gjx Anx Znhn
{inXx kucx ImemtJym fZriymx kh`qXm\n
AaoXn. Imx ]pjvIcx Inw atbm thXn. CZw
hmh XXv ]p jv Icw tbm f b amImtim
ftkymam Xt{ kmZn ikv NX{ k D]Zn tim
Zekwm Bkw. AhmKznNcX GXm D]Zntim
Zekwm Bkw. AhmKz n NcX GXm
{]mtWmZnXym GXm D]mkoX Hm\ntXyZtcW
hym]rXn`nx kmhnXymx tNXn.
lrZbIaen nX\mbn Aw `npXv
Xsbmb Cu kqcy X\n cq]n BImin
hknpXv. BZriycq]nencpv CXv kh`qXfm
Ip As `npp. Cu Iaew FmWv ?
CXn\v Fdnbmw? CXmWv CXns Dcw Cu
BImiamWv Iaew. Cu \mep ZnpIfnepw \mep D]
ZnpIfnepw AXv nXn sNppv. Fmn\pw
AXoXamb Cu {]mWs\bpw BZnXys\bpw HmwF
AcneqsSbpw hymlrXnIfneqsSbpw Kmb{Xn
a{neqsSbpw D]mknWw.
3. tZz hmh {_tWm cqt] aqw Nmaqw
NmY baqw XZkXyw bZaqw. XXy
XZv {_ XtymXnx btymXnx k BZnXy
k hm Gj Hman tXyXZmXv am `hXv k
t{X[mm\w hymIpcptXm anXn Xnt{km am{Xm
GXm`nx khanZw HmXw t{]mXw N Ghkv aoXn
Ghw lymsslXZm BZn Xy Hman tXyhw
[ymbtX. Bm\w bpRvPotXXn.
{_n\pw aqw, Aaqw Fns\ cv
kz cq ]fp v , aq w AkXyhp w Aaq w
kXyhpamWv. AXv XsbmWv {_w. {_w Xs
tPymXnv. tPymXnmWv Hmw AXv XsbmWv Bmhv.
Bmhv Xs kzcq]s aqmbn hn`Pnpp. Hmw
aqp am{XIfpsS cq]nemIpp. Cu aqpam{XIfn
khhpw HmXt{]mXambncnpp. CXn\mWv khhpw
nXn sNpsX thZ DZv tLmjnpp.
Asn BZnXy XsbmWv Hmw Fp [ym\np
Bmhns\ ]pcpj AXpambn tNWw.
4. AY\y{Xm ]pw AYJep b DZvKoYx k
{]Wthm bx {]Whx k DZv KoY CXyku hm
BZnXy DZv KoY Gj{]Whm CtXyku hm
BZn Xy DZv KoY Gj{ ]Whm CtXyhw
lymtlmZv KoYw {]WhmJyw {]mtWXmcw `mc
cq]w hnKX\n{Zw hnPcwhnarXypw {Xn Zw Xycw
]p\x ][m tbw \nlnXw Kplmbman-
tXyhw lymlw Duz aqew {Xn]mZv {_ imJm
BImihmbp An DZI`q aymZb GIx
Aiz\msaXZv {_ss Xssky XttPm
bZkm hZnXyx HmantXyXZcky ssNXXv .
XkvamXv. HmantXyt\\ GXZp]mkoXm P{kanXn.
GtIm ky kwt_m[abtXtXyhw lyml.
GXtZhmcw ]pWy taXtZhmcw ]cw
GXtZhmcw ]pWy taXtZhmcw ]cw
tZXtZhmcw mXzmtbmbZnXn Xky XXv.
DZvKoYw (kmathZnse Hcp `mKw) BWv {]Whw
{]Whw XsbmWv DZv KoYsav thsdsbmcnSv
]dncnpp. {]Whw F\\ \maap Xzw BWv
khsbpw krjvSnpXv. CXv \mahpw cq]hpw
\n{ZmclnXhpw hrmh CmXpw arXypclnX
hpamWv. AXn\v Aphn[apv . AXv lrZbipnbn
hknppshv {ipXnbn ]dbpp. CXns aqew
apIfnepw imJI {_w hscsbpXpamIpp.
BImiw, hmbp, An, Pew ]rYzn FnhbmWv
imJI C GIIzneqsS Fmw {Klnmw. CXm
Ipp {_w. khPlpw AXns kzcq]amIpp.
Hmw F Acns kzcq]amWv kqcy AXn\m
Hmw F Ac{_s {]mnWw. AXneqsS
AXns GIam{Xamb cks a\nemWsav
{ipXnbn ]dbppv. Cu ]hn{Xamb Acs
a\nemn a\pjy Fm{Klnmepw AXv Ah\v
knnpw.
5. AYm\y { Xm]yw kz \htXy jm f
kyX\q tbm anXnkv {Xo ]pw\]pwktIXnenw-
I K
N P
703
KhtXyjm f Ym{_m cpt{Zm hnjv Wp cnXy
[n]XnhtXyjm f YKml]tXym ZnWmncm
lh\ob CXn apJhtXyjm f Y EKy Ppx
kmtaXn hnm\htXyjm `q`phx kzcnXntem
IhtXyjm Y`q Xw `hy w `hn jy Zn Xn
ImehtXyjm Y {]mtWm f nx kqcy CXn
{]Xm]htXyjm f Yam]{am CXym]ymb\
htXy jm f Y _p n at\m flwImc
tNX\htXyjm f Y {]mtWm f at\mhym\ CXn
{]mWhtXytXyX Hman \ypt ss\Xmx
{]kv XpXm AnXm AnXm `hntXyhw.
lymssl AssZz kXymImw ]cw Nm]cw N {_
btZmantXyX canXn.
hopw ap]ebnSpw {_icocw i_vZnpp
shv AXv HmwImcsav ]dbppshpw {]kv Xm
hnnpv. kv{Xo]pcpj \]pwkenwK apamIpp CXv.
An, hmbp, kqcy Fo cq]fn {]Imiam\mamb
CXv cp{Z, hnjvWp, Fo cq]fn A[n]XnbmWv.
Kmly]Xyw, ZnWmn, Blh\obw Fnh CXns
aqp apJfmIpp.
EtKzZw, bPpthZw, kmathZw Fo thZ
sfpdnv AXn\v Adnbmw. `px `qhx, kzx Fnh
CXns ImefpamWv. {]mW, An, BZnXy,
Fnh AXns {]Xm]hpw Aw, Pew, N{ Fnh
CXns {]mWfpamsWv At\Iw t] A`n{]mbs
npv. Rm XyPnpp Fv AXv ]dbsncnpp.
AXns\ kv XpXnph\pw AWw sNph\pw
BIpp Fv {ipXnbn ]dbpp. kXyIma, CXv
Xs, CXv XsbmIp ]cm]c{_w CXv Hmw F
AcamIppx
6. AYmhymlrXw hm CZa koXv k kXyw
{]Pm]Xn kvX]kvX]vXzm A\phymlcZv`px `qhx
kzcntXy ssjhmky {]Pm]tXx hnjv Tm
X\q btemI hXoXn kz cn Xy kymx
intcm\m`n c`pthm `qx ]mZm BZnXypx
Npcmb mln ]p cp jky alXoam{ Xm
Np jmlybw am{ Xm cXn kXyw
sshNpcnWy hntXmln ]pcpjx kthm
ftjp NcXn . GXkv amZv `q `p hx
kzcnXyp]mkoXm t\\ ln {]mPm]Xn hnizm
kv am hnjzNqcnthm ]mkntXm `hXntXyhw
lyml. Gjm ssh {]Pm]tX hn iz `r
\q tcXkyman Zw khaln X akv an w
khkan tjm ln tXXn . Xkv am tZ-
tjm]mkoX.
FmtWm hnhcnXv AXv kXyw. {]Pm]Xn X]v
sNbvXv Dcn `px `qhx kzx Fnh aqpw CXns
temIfpw, `qXw, `mhn, ham\w Fnh CXns
ImefpamWv . {]mW, An, BZnXy Fnh
AXns {]Xm]hpw Aw, Pew, N{ Fnh
AXns t]mjWhpamWv. a\v , _pn, Almcw
Fnh CXns tNX\bpw {]mW, A]m\, hym\
Fnh CXns {]mWfpamsWv At\Iw t]
A`n{]mbsnpv . Rm XyPnppFv AXv
]dbsncnpp. AXns\ kvXpXnph\pw A
Ww sNph\pw BIpp. Fv {ipXnbn ]dbpp.
kXyIma, CXpXs, CXv XsbmIp ]cm]c{_
w CXv Hmw F AcamIpp.
t\{Xn IpSnsImp ]pcpj XsbmWv
kh ]Zmsf kw_nv hnhcnp XcpXv.
AXn\m `px, `qhx, kzx F hn[n{]ImcamWv D]mkn
tXv. Aw XsbmIpp {]Pm]Xn FmhcpsS
Bmhpw Nppw t]mse AXv D]mkyamsWv
thZw ]dbppv . PKns icocamIp {]Pm]Xn.
CXn khhpw nXnsNpp. Ah Chbnsem
bnSpw nXn sNpXn\m CXns\ D]mknt
XmWv.
7. XXv khnXp htcWy anXyku hm BZnXyx
khnX k hm Ghw {]hcWob BZnXyx khnX
k hm Ghw {]hcWob B Imtat\Xymlq
{_hmZnt\m Y`tm tZhky[oaloXn khnXm
ssh tZhkv XtXm tbm ky `mJymkv Xw
Nn bmaoXymlp {_hmZn t\m Y[n tbm
`bm\x {]tNmZbmZnXn _ptbmssh [nbkvXm
tbm kvamIw {]tNmKbmZnXymlp {_hmZn\x
AY` CXntbmlhm Aapjv NnmZntXy \nln
Xkv XmctIm oWn sshj`mJywx
`m`nKXncky loXn `x `PbXoXn sshj
` CXn cp t{ Zm{ _hmZn \x AY `
CXn`mkbXnamw tmIm c CXn cRv PbXo
am\n `qXm\n K CXn. K\y kv anmK\y
kvamZnam {]PmkvXkv amZv `cKXzmXv `x iizXv
kqbam\mXv kqcyx kh\mXv khnXm. BZm\mXv
BZnXyx ]h\mXv ]mht\m AY Bt]m ]y
b\mZntXyhw lyml. Jep Bt\m Bm.
t\XmarXmJyt Xm am KtmXv {kjvSm
B\bnXm Im hm ckbnXm {LmXm
{Zjv Sm t{imXmkv ]piXn N hn`p hn{Ktl
kw\nhnjvS CtXyhw lyml AYb{X ssZzXo
`qXw hn m\w X{Xln irtWmXn ]iyXn
Pn{LXn. ckbXn ssNh kv]ibXn khamm
Pm\otXXn bm{XmssZzXo `qXw hnm\w Imcy
ImcWI \n pw \n hN\a\u]ayw
\ncp]mJyw Inw XZmhmNyw.
I K
N P
704
kqcys t{ijvTamb tXPmWv CXv. AYhm
CXpXsbmWv BZnXy CXpXsbmIpp. khnXmhv
(khtbpw krjvSnpXv) Cs\ a\nemn
Btp AXns\ kzoIcnm {imephmbncn
Wsav {_hmZnI ]dbpp. Rfntm Cu
kqcy tZhs hs [ym\npp. FpsIms
m AXp \psS ap]n \npp. Ahs hw
hrnsb {]m]npsImncnppv. \msans\bmWv
NnntsXv {_ hmZnI tNmZnpp. Dcw
Cs\bmWv \psS _pnsb Do]npXv, km
ntemv \bnpXv FmWv. {_hmZnI ]dbp
Xv.
Ctm hi_v Zs hymJym\n p p .
kqcy\n m]nXambncnpXmWv hw. IWn
bn hw F t]cv AXpXsbmWpXv . B
hns ImnbnemWv a\pjy Ka\n\v inbpw
ZrUXbpw DmIpXv. AXpsImv CXv khn
t\bpw X]nnpp. AXn\m CXv hamWv . AYhm
{]mWnIsf cRv PnnpXn\m hamWv. AYhm
CXv {]mWnIfn KanpXn\m hamWv. AYhm
CXv temIn hcnIbpw t]mIpIbpw sNp p.
AYhm CXv CXn\mbnv {]PbmIpw. AYhm CXv Fm
nt\bpw [cnpIbpw t]mjnnpIbpw sNp
Xn\m hamIpp.
CXv i{Xpsf \innpXn\m kqcy\mWv.
khtbpw krjv SnpXn\m khnXmhmWv . kh
tbpw {]IminnpXn\m BZnXy\mWv . k
hs ]mh\ampXn\m ]ham\amWv. khKman
bmbXn\mepw khm{ibambXn\mepw CXv BZnXy\m
Ipp. CXv kzbw BmhpamIpp. AarXsadnb
sSp CXv khXns\ AdnbnpIbpw NnnpI
bpw sNpp. CXv Kanpp, krjvSnpp, B\w
\Ipp, Nnnpp, ]dbpp, cpNndnbpp,
{LmWnpp, kv ]inpp, icocn hym]nncn
pp. Dam\cq]amsWv thZ ]dbp CXv
hnm\ ssZzX cq]w sImpXv FhnsSbmtWm
AhnsS tIpIbpw ImWpIbpw aWnpIbpw cpNn
AdnbpIbpw kv ]inpIbpw sNpp. Fm
CsXmw Bmhv XsbmsWv ZrVambn Xocp
am\nWw. AXn\m hnm\w AssZzXamIp nSv
AXv ImcyImcW clnXhpw Ah\obhpw D]amc
lnXhpw hymJym\clXhpamIpp. CXns\pdnv
FmWv ]dbm IgnbpI?
8. Gj ln Jep Btim\x iw`p `thm cp{Zx
{]Pm]Xn x hn iz krIv , ln cay K`x kXyw
{]mtWm lwkx imkv Xm hnjv Wpx \mcmbWx
Ax khnXm [mXm, hn[Xm, k{amSv , C{x
Cpx CXn. b Gj X]Xyncnhmn\m ]nlnXx
klss{ktW lnc atb\m\t\. Gj
hmhhnmn Xthym t\zjv Shyx kh`qtX
t`ym `bw ZXzmcWyw KXzm Y _lnx IrXzm C{n
bmm kz mco cmZp ]et`ssX\an Xn .
hn iz cq ]w ln cWw PmXthZkw ]cmbWw
tPymXn tcIw X]w. kl{kciv an x iX[m
ham\x {]mWx {]Pm\mapZbtXy j kqcyx
CXv XsbmWv Bmhv, CXv XsbmWv kh
\nmhpw, Cuizc\pw, ic\pw, `h\pw, cp{Z\pw,
{]Pm]Xnbpw, hniz{kjvSmhpw lncWy K`\pw, kXy-
hpw, {]mW\pw lwkhpw, imhpw, hnjv Wphpw, \mcmb
W\pw, A\pw, khnXmhpw, [mXmhpw, km{ampw, C{
\pw, N{\pw. Cu Ancq]n k]vXhpw At\Im
bncfpsS t\{Xcq]n {]Imiabamb B\n
hym]vX\mbpw nXn sNp CXns\bmIpp Adn
ncntXv. kh {]mWnIpw A`bw \In
h\n t]mbn AXns\ At\zjntXpv. C{nb
hnjbw XyPnphv AXv AhcpsS icocn
\np e`npXmWv . CXv XsbmIp hnizkz
cq]\pw tXPkznbpw P\nphsc Adnbph\pw
khcpsSbpw ]cam{ibm\hpw tIhew tPymXn
cq]n X]nph\pamb Cu kqcys\ ]cammhv
kl{kIncW\pw, At\Ihn[n hnph\pw
{]PIfpsS {]mWcq]ambn DZnph\pamWv.
ssa{XmbWyp]\njv kam]np.
Q
I K
N P
705
ssat{Xp]\njv
1
3
imna{w
Hmw. B]ymbp aamwKm\n hmIv {]mW
px t{im{XatYm _ean{nbmWn NkhmWn
khw {_tm]\njZw amlw {_ \ncmIpcymw
am am {_ \ncmItcmZ \ncmImtcmZ \ncmIcW
akv Xp A\ncmIcWw ta Akv Xp. XZm\n
\nctX b D]\njp [m kv tX abn kp
tX abn kvXp tX abn kp Hmw. imnx imnx
imnx.
Fs AwK hnImkw {]m]ns. hmWn {Lm
Ww Npv , t{imXw _ew Fm C{nb Ch
A`nhrn {]m]ns. kIe D]\njpIfpw {_am
Ipp. Fn \nv {_w XyPnsSm\nSbmIcpXv
. {_w Fs XyPnm\nSbmIcpXv.As\ {_cX
\mbn F\nv D]\jn {]Xn]mZnXfmb [
{]m]nm\nShcs. Hmw imnx imnx imnx
{]YtamAymbx
_rl{ZtYm ssh\ma cmPm cmtPym tPyjvTw
]p{Xw \n[m]bntXzZaimizXw a\yam\x icocw
sshcmKyapt]tXmcWyw \nPKma. k X{X ]caw
X] BmbmZnXyaoamWv. Du[z_mlpkvXn
jv TXn At kl{kky apcnIam PKma
Ancnh A[paIkv tX Pkm \nlnhm
hnZv `hm imIm\yb Dnjv tTmnjv T hcw
hrWotjzXn cmPm\a{_hoXv . k Xkv ssa \a
kvXrtXym hmN`hm \mlamhnX Xzw XXz
hnXv irWptam hbwam ]r. {]iv\ ssazmWm
\ym ImamhrWotjzXn. imImb\yky NcWm
]`nariamt\m cmPXmw KmYmw PKmZ.
_rl{ZY F cmPmhn\v icocw\inpXm
sW t_m[w DmbXns\pSv sshcmKyw DZnp.
AXn\m Atlw cmPyw aq]p{X\p sImSpv
h\n t]mbn AhnsS ITn\amb X]\pjvTnp.
Atlw kqcy\p t\v t\mn ssIbpbn \np.
Bbnw sImn\ptijw X]ns ^eambn Hcn
]pIbnm Ant]mse tXPkznbmb imIma\y
Fp t]cpff Bthmhmb almap\n Atln
s ASpsn. Atlw cmPmhnt\mSp ]dpx-
""Fgptp. Fgptp. hcw BhiysSpI''.
Atm cmPmhv Atls \akv Icnv ]dpx
""`Khms\, Rm Bmthmh. Av XXzm
XmhmWv Fv Rm tInpv F\np XXzw D]tZinp
XcWw .''
AXptIv almap\nbmb imIma\y hnjbw Gsd
GsXnepw hcw BhiysSm ]dp. AXptIv
_rl{ZY cmPmhv imImb\yap\nbpsS cp ImepIfpw
]nSnv ]dp.
2. AYIn tassX hm\ym\mw timjWw
almWhm\mw inJcnWm {]]X\w {[phky
{ ]Ne\wm\w bm Xcq Wmw \n a\w
]rYn hymm\mZ]kcWw kpcmWmw. tkm
flan tXyXZz n hn t[ Akv an kwkmtc In w
Imtam]t`mssKssbtchm {inXky AkIrZp ]m
h\w ZriyX CXyppw al koXn
AtmZ]m\ t`I Chmlakv an kwkmtc
`Kh Xzw t\m KXncnXn.
henb IS hpp. ]hXw XIcpp. {[ph\
{Xhpw Xs m\n\v amdpp. hrw ]ngpXp
hogpp. `qan kap{Zn Xmgpp. tZhmpw
\ne\nm\mIpn. As\ \inp {]]
n t`ml sImv Fp{]tbmP\w? hnjbkpJ
fn apnb PohnIv hopw hopw Pmac
WfpsS N{In IdtXmbn hcpp. AXn\m
ap\nt{ijvTm s]mnWnse Xhft]mse Ignbp
F\nv DcWn\v At klmbapff `mKhms\,
Cu kwkmcn F\nv icWambnpffXv Ap
Xs.
3. `Khm icocanZw ssaYp\m tZthmZv `pXw
kwhnt[yX \ncb Gh aq{XZzmtcW \njv {Im
an`nnXw amwtk\m\p en]v Xw NWm
h_w hn aq { XhmX ]n I^ am
tatZmhkm`n css\y a sse _lp`nx ]cn
]qw. GXmZrti icotc ham\ky `Kh,
Xzw t\mKXncnXn.
3. Atbm `Khms\, ssaYp\mepmb Cu
icocw m\clnXambm AXn s\ \cIsav
a\nemWw. ImcWw, CXv aq{XZzmcneqsS ]pdp
hXmWv . AnsImpmnbXmWv. amwkabamWv .
tXmsImv s]mXnXmWv. aew aq{Xw ]nw a
Cs\ ]e aefpw \ndXmWv. As\bpff
icocn Ignbp F\nv ApXsbmWv Hcp
icWw.
I K
N P
706
4. AY, `Khms\ imImb\yx kp{]otXmf
{_hoXv cmP\w.almcmP _rl{ZY CzmIp
hwi [z P iojm Ir XIrXykv Xz w
acpmav t\m hn{iptXm koXybw Jezmm tX .
IXa `Kh hWy CXn. Xw tlm hmN.
5. kv]ikv]imZtXm tb f m A\m
Ch tX nXmx tbjmw kkvXp `qXmm \
kvatc ]cw ]Zw.
4.5. CXp tIv `Khm\mb imImb\yap\n Ghpw
{]k\mbn cmPmhnt\mSv ]dp: "" `Khms\, Bm
shm FmWv, AsXmv hnhcnp Xcq.'' CXp tIv
ap\n ]dp: i_vZw kv]iw XpSnb hnjb
A\apmphbmWv . Ahbn Bk\mb
`qXmmhv ]ca]Zw {]m]npIbn.
6. X]km{]m]ytX kXzw kXzmXv kw
{]m]ytX a\x
a\km {]m]ytXlymm lymm
]Xym \nhtX
X]psImv m\w {]m]npp. m\m
a\v hiambm Bmhv e`npp. Bmhp
e`nm {]]n \nv apn Inpp.
7. bYm \ncnt\m hnx kzbtathm ]iyayXn
XYm hrnbmnw kzbtathm]
imayXn
8. kzbtathm ] imky a\kx kma Kman\x
C{nbm hnaqVkym \rXm
Imahim\p Kmx
9. Nnntahlnkwkmckv XXv {]bXvtX\\
tim[ tbXv
bnkv Xtbm`mXn KplytaXXv
k\mX\w.
10. Nnky ln {]kmtZ\ ln
I ip`mip`w
{]kmm \nnXzm kpJahyaiv\p tX
7. hndIv Xop Ignm An kzbw sISpp.
AXpt]mse hrnI \inp Ignbptm Nnw
AXns ImcW`qXamb Bmhn imamIpp.
8. Xs aqImcWn imambXpw kXyn\pt\
v XncnXpamb C{nbfpsS aqVX ZqcnemIp
tm IhiKfmb hnjb hymPsf
m\apmIpp.
9. Nnw XsbmWv kwkmcw. AXn\m {iasv
AXns\ ipamWw. Hcphs a\ss\bmWv
AX\pkcnmIpw Ahs KXn. CsXmcp k\mX\
knmamIpp. 10.Nnw imambnocptm ip`m
ip` I \jvSamIpp.;im\mbno a\p
jy Bmhn ebnpp. Atm Ah\v Ab
amb B\w e`npp.
11. kamkw bZm Nnw Ptm
hnjbtKm Ntc
bmssZyhw {_WnkymXv tIm
\ aptNyX _\m
12. lrXv ]pWvUcoI atyXp `mhtbXv
]ctaizcw.
kmoWw _pnhrky ]ca
t{]a tKmNcw
13. AtKmNcw at\m hmNmw AZqXm[n
kkw]v fhw
kmam{X {]ImssiI {]Imiw `h\mXnKw
14. Atlba\p]mtZbakmam\y hntijWw
{[phw kvXnanX Kw`ocw \ tXtPm
\ kakvXw
\nhnIev ]w \ncm`mkw \nhmWab kwhnZw
15. \nXyx iptm _pap kz`mhx
kXyx kqaw kwhn`qzm ZznXobx
B\ _v[o bx ]cx tkmf lakv an
{]XyKv [mXq \m{X kwKoXnckvXn.
11. a\pjys Nnw F{Xam{Xw _mly hnjbfn
BkamWv A{Xbpw {_ hnjbfn B k
\mIpIbmsWn _\fn \nv ap\mIpI.
kz`mhnIamWv .
12. lrZbIaens a[yn _pnbpsS kakv X
Ipw kmnbmbn ]cat{]a hnjbIamb
Cuizcs m\w DmIWw.
13. Cu ]cammhv a\kpsImtm hmpsImtm
AdnbsSmhpX. AXv B`yclnXamWv. GIam{X
amb k{Xq]{]Imim {]IminXambnocpp. AXv
NnbvpdpffXmWv.
14. AXns\ {KlnpItbm ssIhnpIfbpItbm sNp
Xn\v kmam\y `mhnstbm hntij`mhnstbm
Iev]\ sNtXn. AXv imhpw Kw`ochpw BWv.
tXP ; AImchpa. kev]clnXhpw B`mkc
lnXhpw apkzm`mhhpw kXyhpw kqvahpw kh
hym]Ihpw GIam{Xhpw BWv. Cu ]cam\kmKc
ns {]tXyI kzcq]w [cnpXpw Rm Xs.
AXn bmsXmcp kwibhpan.
I K
N P
707
16. B\ a \nPam{ib
amim ]nimNo aham\bw
BtemI bw PKZn{ Pme
am]Xv IYw amw {]hntiZ kwKw
17. hWm{iamNmbpXm hnaqVm
Iam\pktcW ^ew e`t
hmZn [w ln ]cnXyPx
kzm\ Xr]vXmx ]pcpjm `hn
18. hWm{iaw kmhbhkzcq]
aZy bpw lyXn IrNv{N am{Xw
]p{XmZntZtljzm`nam\ iq\yw
`qXzm htkXv kuJyXta ly\t CXn
16. Ax IcWn e`nm Ignbp B\n
Ignbph\pw BibmIp ]nimNns\ Zqcn Xfp
h\pw kIe temIsbpw ]mmnsbtmse ImWp
AkwK\pambh\v BnI ZpxJw DmIpsX
s\bmWv?
17. hm{ia [ ]menp aqVmcmWv
XfpsS IfpsS ^ew A\p`hnpXv. Fm
hmZn [ ssIhnv Bmhn Ddp\nevp
hyn BcnIamb B\w sImp Xs kpjvS
\mIpp.
18. hm{ia [, AXpt]mse Ahbh
tfmSp IqSnb Cu icocw CsXmw Ahkm\apffhbmWv .
AXn\m ZpxJ ZmbIfmWv. AXn\m ]p{XmZnIfnepw
icocnepw hymtamlw shSnp ]cam\cq]amb
A\ kzcq]n n\mbn hnWw.
Hmw A[ymbw Ignp.
[znXotbm f ybx
AY`Khm ssa{XbssIemkw PKma XwK
tXzmhmN t`m `Kh ]ca XXz lkya\p{_q
loXn.k. tlm hmN almtZhx
tZhmebx I
t{]mx kPnhx tIhex inhx
XytPZm\ I
\nmeyw tkm f lw `mth\ ]qPtbXv I
2.. At`ZZi\mm\w [ym\w
\nhnjbw a\x
kv\m\wat\maeXymKx OuN
an{nb \n{Klx
3. {_marXw ]nt_Zvss`amNtcZv
tZlc tW
htktZImntIm `qXzm ssNImt
ssZzX hPntX
CtXy]amNtcXv [oam k Ghw
apn am]v\pbmXv.
4. PmXw arXanZw tZlw amXm ]nXr aemIw
kpJ ZpxJ ebmta[yw kv]pjvSzmkv \m\w
hn[obtX
5. [mXp_w almtcmKw ]m]anc a {[phw
hnImcmImc hnkvXow kv]yjvSzm
kv\m\w hn[obtX
1. Hcn `Khm ssat{Xb ssIemk ]hn
t]mbn almtZht\mSv tNmZnp: ""`Khms\, ]cam
XXzns clkyw FtmSv ]dmepw''. almtZh
]dp:'' icocw tZhmebamIpp. AXn Poh
tIhew ]cammhmWv. AXn\m Am\cq]amb
\nmeyw ssI shSnv ]cammhv Rm Xsbm
sWp a\nemn AXns\ ]qPnpI.
2. Poh\pw ]cammhpw Xn t`Zw AdnbmXncnp
IsbXmWv m\w. a\ns\ hnjbfn \nv
thsSpWw. AXmWv kv \m\w. C{nbsf hin
empXmWv ]hn{XX.
3. {_mamIp AarXw IpSnpIbpw tZl c-
Wn\v `n tXSnbpw IgnbpI. _pnam\mbh
Cs\ kcnp. apnsb {]m]npp.
4. amXm]nXmamcm \nnsXpw PacW
tfmSp IqSnbXpamb Cu icocs kv ]inm Ipfn
tXmWv.
5. Ggp [mXpfm \nnXhpw almtcmKw Ie
Xpw ]m]ns hoSn\p Xpeyhpw Anchpw hnIm
cabhpamb Cu icocs kv ]inm Ipfnt
XmWv.
6. \hZzmcae{kmhw kZm Imte kz`mhPw
ZpKw Zpatemt]Xw kv]rjvSzmkv \m\w
hn[obtX
7. am{Xm kqXI kw_w kqXtI
kl PmbtX
arX kpXIfpw tZlw kv]rjvSzm kv \m\w
hn[obtX
8. Alw ataXn hnaq{Xte]KmZn tamN\w
ipiuNanXn t{]mw arem`yw
Xp euIoIw
I K
N P
708
9. NnipnIcw iuNw hmk\m {Xb\mi\w
m\ sshcmKy artmssbxm
f\mXv iuN apNytX
10. AssZzX`mh\m ss``bw ZzX `mh\w
Kpcp imkv {Xm `mht\ `ntmss`w
hn[obtX.
6. Iv, sNhn XpSnb H]Xp ZzmcfnIqSn
Ftmgpw aew ]pdv hpsImncnpp. Ah ZpK
`cnXhpamWv. As\ ZpjvShpw aen\hpamb
icocw kv ]inm IpfntXpv.
7. AbpsS B iuNtmS\p_nv B iuNap
ffXn\m a\pjy AipntbmsSbmWv P\npXv.
acWns B iuNhpw Dv. As\bpff icocw
kv ]inm IpfnWw .
8. aew aq{Xw ZpKw XpSnbhbpsS ipn av
shffw Ch sImv \opp. AXv euInIipnbmWv.
hmkvXhnIamb ipn ""Fs F\nv'' Fp XpSnb
`mh\ ssIshSnbpXnemWv.
9. ]cnipn Nns hnipZ[ampp. AXv ImamZn
IfIpp. PmRm\amIp apw sshcmKyamIp
Pehpw sImv IgpInbm ipnbpmIpw. AXmWv
bYmnepff ]hn{XX.
10. AssZzX`mh\ A`yhkv XphmIpp. `np
Kpcphnsbpw imkv{Xnsbpw \ntia\pkcnv
`n tXSWw.
11. hnZzm kztZiapXv krPy
k\ymkm\w kzXx
ImcmKm hn\pap tNmchXv ZqtXmhtkXv
12. AlmckpXw hnw {`mXw tamlancw
Bim]Xv\ow Xy tPZymhXv Xmaptm
\ kwibx
13. arXm tamlabo ambmPmtXm
t_m[abx kpXx
kqXI Zzb kw{]m]vXu IYw
kymap ]mkva tl
14. lrZmImti NnZmZnXyx kZm`mkXn `mkXn
\mkv XtaXn \ tNmtZXn IYw kym
ap]mkv a tl
15. GI tahmZznXobw bZv Kptcm
hmtIy\ \nnXw
GXtZIm anXypw \ aTw \ h\mcw
11. Iff XShdbn \nv tamN\w t\Sn Zqsc hbn
Spw IgnbpXpt]mse m\nbmb hyn kw\ym
kw kzoInv Xs tZin \nv Zqtc Xmaknm
\m{Klnpp.
12. Almc\mb ]p{Xs\bpw [\cq]\mb tkmZc
s\bpw tamlcq]amb Krlsbpw Bimcq]amb
]Xv \ntbbpw Dt]nph s]sp Xs ap
\mbnocpp. FXn bmsXmcp kwibhpw C.
13. Am\amIp A acnp, m\amIp
]p{X\pmbn. As\ acWnsbpw P\\n
sbpw amb_n IqSpnb F\nv ]ns
kym h\mZnI Fs\ sNm Ignbpw?
14. lyZbamIp BImin ssNX\ymIamb
kqcy Ftmgpw {]IminpsImncnpp. AXn\v
AkvXa\saXn. DZbhpw C. ]ns Fs\
kymh\w sNm Ignbpw ?
15. AhnsS kIeXpw HmWv . thsd Hpw C. A-
s\bpff Kpcphns D]tZim, aTtam h\aytam
Hpw GImm\as t_m[w F\npm-
bncnpp.
16. AkwibhXmw apnx kwibmhnjvS
tNXkmw
\ apn P Pmt Xkvam Zznizmk
am]v\pbmXv
17. Ia XymKm kw\ymtkm \
t{]tjmctW\ Xp
ku Pohmt\msscIyw kw\ymkx
]cnIo nXx
18. ha\mlhZy ky `mXn kthjWmZnjp
Xkym[nImx kw\ymtk XztZlm`nam\n\x
19. bZm am\knsshcmKyw PmXw kthjp
hkv Xpjp
XssZh kw\ymtkZznZzm A\yYm
]XntXm `thXv
20. {Zhyma hkv{Xmwbx {]XnjvSm
tah hmk\ymtk Zp`b{`jvSx kapnw
\m]v Xp alXn.
16. kwibclnXt\ ap\mIm km[npIbpffp.
kwib {KkvX\v At\I P sImvapn e`np
Ibn. AXn\m Kpcphnsbpw im{fpsSbpw
hN\fn hnizkanWw.
17. I ]nXyPnp shpam{Xw kw\ymkamIpI
bn. ""Rm k\ymkn\nbmWv''. Fp ]dXpsIm
I K
N P
709
pam{Xw Hcm k\ymknbmbnocpIbn. kam[nbn
Poh]ammfpsS GIXpmIptmtg k\ymkamIp
Ibpffp.
18. bmsXmcph\vkIe CIfpw On ]Zms
tmse tXmpp. bmsXmcm tZlns aaX
ssIhnp., Ah\v am{Xta k\ymkn\v A[nImapffq.
19. kIe ]Zmsfkw_npw a\n ssh
cmKyw hpZnpp. Adnhpff hynt kw\ymknbm
Im km[npIbpffq. Am ]w]X\amWv .
]cnWmaw.
20. ]WwkmZnm thntbm `Ww e`np-
Xn\pthntbm {]ikvXnpthntbm kw\ymkw kzo
Icnph p temIn \npw {`jv S\mbno-
cpp.Abmv Hcnepwapn e`npIbn.
21. Dam XXz Nnssh a[yaw
imkv{XNn\w
A[am a{NnmNXnw {`my [am[am
22. A\p`qXnw hn\m aqtVm ]rYm
{_Wn tamZtX
{]Xn_nw_nX imJm{K ^emkzmZ\tam ZhXv
23. \ XytPt ZyXn aptmtbm am[pIamcw
sshcmKy P\Iw {im If{Xwm\\\w
24. [\hrm htbmhrm hnZymhrm
kvX ssYh N
tX kth PmRm\ hrky Incmx
injy Incm
25. a\zmbbm tamlnX tNXtkm amw
Bm\ am ]q a e_v [hx
]cw hnZKvtm Z ]qcWmb
{`an ImIm Ch kqtbm ]n
21. XXzhnNmcamWv Daw. imkv {XhnNmwa[yaam-
Ipp. a{km[\ A[aamWv . Xofn AebpI
A[anepw A[aamIpp.
22. Hcp acns Imbns {]Xn^e\w Iv AXp
Xnv hniSmsav IcpXpXpt]mse hmkv Xhn
Iamb A\p`htmSp IqSmsX aqV]pcpj {_m\w
{]m]nmsav hrYm `mh\ sNpp. 23. [\ hr
mcpw {]mbm hrmcpw hnZymhrmcpw Fmw
A\p`h m\nepw tammI m\nepw
hrcmbhcpsS themtcm injymtcm am{XamWv.
25. bmsXmcp ambm {]`mhm aqVaXnIfmbn
""Rm '' F Bmhns\ icndnbpn. Ah
_pnammcmsWnepw shdpw Imsbtmse hbp
\ndbv m AXnsebnXnsb Aebpp.
26. ]mjmW temlaWn arab hn{KtljvS
]pPm ]p\P\\ t`mKIco apaptm
XkvamZymXnx kzlrZbm P\tah IpcymXv
_mlym\w ]ntl Z]p\ `hmb
27. Ax ]qtm _lnx]qx]q Ipw`
Chmth
Ax iqt\ym _lnx iyqt\ym
iq\yIpw` Chmw_tc
28. am `h {Kmly `mhmm `mhmm N am `h
`mh\maJnew Xyzm bnjvSw Xtbm `h
29. Zrjv SZi\ Zriym\n Xzm hmk\bm kl
Zi\ {]Yam `m kam\w tIhew `P
30. kwim khkev] bm inemh
Zh nXnx
Pm{Kn{Zm hn\napm km kzcq]
nXnx ]cm
26. Iv , kzw, av Ch sImpmnb hn{Kl
fpsS ]qP tammnIsf kw_nnStmfw ]p
\PmZn tit D]IcnpIbpffp. AXn\m
kw\ymkn Cs\bpff _mly hkvXpfpsS ]qPmZn
Ifn hym]rXmIcpXv .
27. kap{Zn C IpSn\v AIpw ]pdpw Pew
\ndncnpw. Imbvv shXv AIpw ]pdpw
iq\yambncnpw.
28. \o kzoIcnph\mIcpXv. AXpt]mse {KlW-
tbmKyamb hizq]hpamIcpXv. kIe Iev]\Ifpw ssI
hnv _mnbpffXn am{Xw Xev]\mbn `hnpI.
29. ZrjvSw, Zriyw, Zi\w ChbpsS hmk\ ssIhnv
bmsXmn \nv Zi\ns B`mkapmIpp.
B Bmhns\ `PnpI.
30. bmsXmcp\n kIe kIe kev]fpw im
ambncnpp. bmsXmcph\n PmlrXnbpw \n{Zbpw AI
ncnpp, As\ shdpw ]mdp t]msebpff
Ah AXp XsbmWv kzcq]mh.
cma[ymbw Ignp.
XrXntbmymbw
1. Alakv an ]cmkvan {_mkvan
{]`mthm kv aylm
khtemI Kpcpmkvan kh temtImkvan
tkmkvaylw
I K
N P
710
2. Altahmkvan knmkvan iptmkvan
]ctam kv aylw
Alakv]n kZmtkmkvan \ntXymkvan
hnatem kv aylw
3. hnmt\mkvan hntitjmkvan tkmtam
kvank Itemkv aylw
ipt`mkvan timIlot\mkvan ssNXt\ym
kvan ktam kv aylw
4. am\mham\ lotdmkvan \nKptWmkvan
inthm kvaylw
ssZzXmssZzX hnlot\mkvan Zzz lot\m
kvantkm kv aylw
5. `mhm`mhhnlot\mkvan `mjm lot\mkvan
`kvaylw
iq\ymip\y {]`mthmkvan tim`\m
tim`t\m kv aylw
6. XqeymXpey hnlot\mkvan \nXyx ipw
kZm inhx
khm kh hnlot\mkvan kmXzntIm
kvan kZmkv aylw
16 Rm `hnpp. Rm ]c\mbn `hnpp. Rm
{_hpw {]`hhpamWv . Rm khtemI Kpcphpw
kh temIhpamWv .Rm temIhpamWv. Rm kn\pw
ip\pw ]cakzcq]\pw \nXyhpw hnae\pamIpp.
Rm hn Pv Rm\hp w hn tijhp w tkma\p w
kIehpamIpp. ip` timIlo\, ssNX\y ka
CsXms Rm\mWv . Rm am\mham\lo\\pw
\nKpW\pw inh\pw ssZzXm ssZzXholo\\pw `mjm
lo\\pw `mbpw ip\yip {]`mh\pw tim`\mi\pw Xpey-
hnlo\\pw \nXy\pw ip\pw kZm inh\pw Fm
Rm\mIpp. Rm khmkh holo\\pw kmXzo
I\pw Bbn `hnpp.
8. GIkwJym hnlot\mkv an ZznkwJym
hm\lw \N
kZkZv t`Zlot\mkvan ]yJWvtUm
\ hn{Klx
\mlakvan \Nmt\ymkvan tZlmZn
clntXm kv aylm
9. B{ibm{ibn lot\mkvan B[mcclntXm
kv aylm
_tam hnlot\mkv an ipZv{_mkv an
tkmkvaylm
10. NnmZnkhlot\mkvan ]ctamkvan
]cmtamkv ao ]cmXv]c
kZmhnNmc cqt]mkvan \nhnNmtcmkvan
tkmkvaylw
8,9,10. Rm GIkwJym hnlo\\pw ZznkwJymhn-
lo\\pamWv . Rm kZkZv`m]lo\\pw AJWvUm\
hn{Kl\pamWv. A\y\pw tZlmZn clnX\pamWv Rm.
B{imbm{inbnlo\\pw ip{_hpw HsbmWv
Rm. Nnm[nkhlo\, t{ijvTXa,]cmXv ]c,
hnNmccq], hnNmc Cu AhIsfmw F\npv.
11. BImtcmImc cqt]mkvan
aImtcmkvan k\mX\w
[ym\m[ym\ hnlot\mkvan t[yblo
t\mkvan tkmkvaylw
12. kh{X ]q cqt]mkvan
knZm\ eWw
kh Xokzcqt]mkvan ]camm kvaylw
13. eymey holot\mkv an tab lo\x
inthm kv aylw
amXp am\hnlot\mkv an tab lo\x
iothm kv aylw
14. \ PKXv khZyjvSmkvan t\{XmZnclntXm
kv aylw
{]_ptmkvan {]_pkvan {]mktmkvan
ltcm kvaylw
15. kh{nb hnlot\mkvan khI
IrZhylw
khthZm Xr]vtXmkvan khZmky
et`mkv aylw
11,12,13,14,15. Rm AImc DImc aImc cq]\pw k\mX
\\pamWv ; [ym\w A[ym\w Chbnmh\pw t[yb
lo\\pw kh{X ]qcq]\pw knZm\ eW\pw
BWv Rm. AXpt]mse Rm khXokzcq],
]cammhv, eymeyhnln\,eblo\, am\w
sNph, am\hnlo\ tablo\, inh Hs
Rm Xs. Rm kIe PKpw Zinph\pw
t\{XmZnclnX\pw, {]_p\pw, {]k\pw lwk\pw
kth{nb hnlo\\pw kh I Irpw kh
thZm Xr]vX\pw khZmkpe`\pw Bbn `hnpp.
16. apZnXm apZnXm tJymkvan khau\
^tem kvaylw
\nXyw Nnm{X cqt]mkvan
kntbm kv aylw
I K
N P
711
17. bXv InnZ]n lot\mkvan kZm
kntbm kvaylw
lrZb {Kn lot\mkvan lrZbmw
_pPa[yKx
18. jUv hnImc hnlot\mkvan jUtImic
lntXm kvaylw
AcnjUz aptm kvan AcmZtcm
kv aylw
19. tZiIme hnapIv tXmkvan ZnKw_ckptJm
kv aylw
AkvXn\mkvXn hnaptmkvan \Imcc
lntXm kvaylw
20. AJWv UmImi cqt]mkvan ]yJWvUmImc
akvaylw
{]]ap Nntmkvan {]]
clntXmkv aylw
16,17,1,8,19,20. Rm apZnX\pw AapZnX\pw khau
\^ehpw \nXyNnm{X cq]\pw knb\pw Hpan
mh\pw kZm knb\pw lrZb {Knlo\\pw
lrZbmw_p P a[yK\pw jUv hnlmchnlo\\pw
jUvtImilnX\pw Acnj kz ap\pw Acn
\nv Achpw tZiImehnap\pw ZnKw_ckpJ\pw
AkvXn\mkvXn hnapIv X\pw \ImcclnX\pw AJWvUm
Imicq]\pw AJWvUmImc\pw {]]papIvXNn\pw
{]]clnX\pw Bbn`hnpp.
21. kh{]Imi cqt]mkvan Nnm{X
tPymXnkv aylw
Ime{Xb hnaptmkvan ImamZn
clntXm kv aylw
22. Ima\m`n hnaptmkvan \nKpWx tIhtem
kv aylw
bpnlot\mkvan aptmkvan tamlot\m
kvaylw kZm
23. kXymkXyhnlot\mkv an km{Xm
hm\lw kZm
KhytZi lot\mkvan Ka\mZnhnhPnXmx
24. khZmkacqt]mkvan imtmkvan
]pcptjmax
Ghw kzm\p `thm bky tkmlakvan
\ kwibw
bx irtWmXn kIrZzmln {_ssh `hXn
kzbw CXyp]\njXv
21, 22,23,24,25. Rm kh{]Imicq]\pw Nnm{X tPymXn
pw Ime{Xbhnap\pw ImamZnclnX\pw Ima\mhn
an\pw \nKpW\pw tIhe\pw apnlo\\pw ap
\pw tamlo\\pw kXymkXyhnlo\\pw Khy
tZilo\\pw Ka\ hnhPnX\pw Fpw kacq]\pw
im\pw ]pcptjma\pw BIpp. Cs\sbmapff
kzm\p`htmSpIqSnbh\mWv Rms\Xn kwib
an. CXv Hcp {]mhiysanepw tIph {_w
Xsbmbn `hnpp.
ssat{Xbp]\njv kam]np.
Q
imn ]mTw
Hmw ]q aZx ]qanZw ]qmXv ]q
ap{ZNytX ]qky ]qamZmb ]qtahmh
injytX Hmw imnx imnx imnx
B ]c {_ khhn[nepw ]qamIpp. Cu
{]]hpw ]qamIpp. ]qamb ]c{_n
\npamWv Cu ]q {]]w DmbnpXv. ]q
n \nv ]qsaSpmepw ]qw Xs Ahti
jn pp.
lcn Hmw AY P\tIm l sshtZtlm bm
h ev Iy ap ] k ta tXym hmN `Kh k\ym k a\p
{_ploXn. IYw k\ymkeWw k tlmhmN
bmhevIyx {_Ncyw kamly Krlo `thXv
bmhevtIym]\njv
1
3
I K
N P
712
KrlmZz\o `qXzm {]{htPXv bZn thX cYm {_N
cym tZh { ]{ h tP Xv . Krlm Zz m h \mZz mx AY
]p\{ hXo hm A{ hXo hm kv \mXtIm hm
Akv\mXtIm hm DmKvZnc \ntIm hm b
Zl tch hnc tP Z l tch {]{h tPXv XtZtI
{]mPm]Xymtathnw Iphn AYhm \ Ipcym
Zmtmtah IpcymXv Anln {]mWx {]mW
tasshXbm ItcmXn ss{X[mhXobmtah IpcymXv
GXssbh {Xtbm [mXthm bZpX kXzw cPkvXa
CXn Abw tX tbm\n EXzntPm btXm PmtXm
Atcm NYmx Xw Pm\ Btcm lm [mt
hbm cbnanXy t\\ at{mWmnam Pnt{LXv
Gj hm At tbm\nb {]mWw K kzmw
tbm\nw K kzmtltXyh ta ssh XZm {Kmam
Zn amlr Xy]qhhZnamPnt{LXv
]ns Hcn hntZl cmPmhmb P\ I bmh
evIys\ kao]nv ]dp. `Khms\, Av Rv
k\ymkm{ia s n ]dp XcpI. FmWv k\ymk
eWw? Atm bmhevIy ]dp bYmhn[n
{_Ncym{iaw Ahkm\n n Xn\ptijw Krl m{ia
n {]thin Ww. Krl m{iaw A\pjv Tnv ]p{Xan
{XmZnIfpsS kpJ samw A\p`hnXn\ptijw hm\{]
\mbn k\ymkw {Kln Ww. Asn PntX{nb \msW
n {_Ncyn \np Xstbm Cm\pkcWw
Krln \ntm hm\{]n \ntm k\ymkw
kzoIcn mw. {hXntbm {hXcln Xt\m kv \mX It\m
Akv\mXIt\m Antlm{Xntbm A\ ntlm{Xntbm
Bcmbmepw bYm sshcmKyw tXmnbmepS Xs
k\ymkw kzoIcnmw. AXn\ptijw {]Pm]Xy bw
sNWw. Asn Btbn am{Xw sNbvXmepw aXn.
Fsm An XsbmWv {]mW. Cu bw
sImv {]mW t]mjWw km[npp. Asn ss{X[m
hXobw (aqp [mXpsf, kXzc P kvXa pIsf, kw_
np bw) sNWw. aqea{m Ansb
{LmWnWw. At, GsXmcp aqeImcWmemtWm
Av Dev]ambn {]Iminp sImncnp Xv, AXv CXm
Wv. AXp a\ nemn Av \hw Pzenv RfpsS
sFizcyhpw kpw hnnpw. CXp Xs An
bpsS aqeImcWw At. Av kztbm\n bmIp {]mW
\n {]thinpI. ]noSv {Kman \npw An
sImp hv apnes t]mse Ansb {LmWnpI.
2. bZnw \ hntZ]vkp PplpbmZmt]m ssh
khmx tZhXm khmt`ym tZhXmt`ym Pptlman
kzmtlXn kmPyw lhnc\mabw tama{kv{X
thw thZ XZv {_ XZp ]m kn Xhyw inJmw
btm]hoXw OnXzm kwXrkvXw atbXn {Xnhm
captcXv GhtasshXXv `KhnXn ssh bm
hev Iyx
An e`nn sn Pen tlmanWw. Pew
khtZhXmab amWv. Rm kIetZhmpw thn
tlmanpp kzmlm Cs\ tlmanv AXv `n Ww.
AXv tcmK\miIamb LrXbp lhnmWv. tama{w
sImp thZsf {]m]np. AXp Xs {_sa \ne
bn D]mknp. inJbpw btm]hoXhpw s]mnv
Rm k\ymkw kzoIcnv Fv aqp {]mhiyw Dcn
Ww. P\I, CXmWv hn[n.
3. AY ssl\ a{ Xn x ]{ ] b hmev Iyw
btm]hoXv IYw {_mW CXn k tlmhmN
bmhmevIyx CZw {]Whtahmky XZytm
]hoXw b Bm {]miymNaymbw hn[ncY hm
]cn {hmkzn hhmkm apWAt[m A]cn {Klx
ipNnct{Zmlo ss`amtWm {_ `qbmb `hXn
Gj ]mx ]cn {hm P Im\mw hocm [z\n hm\m
isI f hm]mw {]thti hmn{]thti hm alm
{]mt\ hm Gj ]m {_Wm lm\phn
kv tX t\Xn k kw\ymko {_ hn ZnXn Ghta
sshj `KhnXn ssh bmhevIyx
]noSv bmhevIyt\mSv A{Xn ap\n tNmZnp.
btm]hoXn Fs\ {_mW\mIpw? bmh
ev Iy ]dp. Cu Hmmcw Xs bmWv kw\ymkn bpsS
btm]hoXw. ]qthm hn [n{]Imcw tlmanv AXv
`nv BNa\w sNWw. AsXmp am{XamWv hn[n.
Cs\ Imjmb hkv{X[mcnbmb k\ymkn {_cq]am
bnocpp. AXmWv k\ymknIfpsS amw. Pe{]thiw
An{]thiw hoc KXn alm{]m\w Fn hbnepw ap
Xnepw Cu amw Xs bmWv {_w \ntinn p
Xv. As\ k\ymkn {_ \mbn `hn pp `Khm
s\, CXmWv hn[n Fv bmhevIy ]dp.
4. A{X ]c a lwtkm \ma kwh Im cpWn
tizXtIXp Zphmk EXp\nZmLZmt{Xb ipI
hm a tZ h lm co XI { ]`p Xtbm hy enwKm f
hymNmcmx A\pm D hZmNcx ]c
kv {Xo ]p c ] cm Mv ap Jmkv {Xo Zw Ia epw
`p]m{Xw Pe]hn{Xw inJmw btm ]hoXw
_lncttXyXXv khw `q kzmtlXy]vkp
]cn XyPmm\a \znt Xv.
]c alwkm F t]cn Adnb s Sp k\ymkn
am t{ijvTcmWv. AhyenwK[mcnIfpw AhymNc
Wcpw PmKcqIsc nepw D sc tmse {]hnp
hcmWv. kwhI BcpWn lmcoX tizXtIXp
Zphmk, EXp\nZmL Zmt{Xb ipI hmatZh
XpSnb h Cu hn`mKn s]Spp. Ah kpJ
ZpxJm\p`hlo\cpw ]c kv{Xo]pc ]cmMvapJcpw {XnZw
Iaep `q]m{Xw Pe]hn{Xw inJ btm]hoXw
Fo _mlyhpw B`yc hpamb Fmw `qxkzmlm Fp
I K
N P
713
cnv XyPnv Bm\pkm\w sNp hcmWv .
5. bYm PmXcq][cm \nZzzx \njv]cn {K lmkv X
Xz {_ amt kayIv kmx ip am \kmx
{]mWkmcWmw btYm Imtehnaptm
ss`amNc pZc ]mt{XW em`mem`u kau `qXzm
Ic]mt{XW hm IaeqZIt]m ss`amNcp
Zcam{X kw{Kl ]m{Xmc iqt\ym Pee Ia
epc_m[Iclx e\ntIXt\m em`mem`u
kau IrXzm iq\ym Kmc tZh Krl XrW IqS
hevaoI hraqe Ipememn tlm{X imem \Zo
]pfn\ Kncn IplctImS cI c \nQcn te
jz\ntIXhmky {]bXv\x ip`mip`I \nq
e\ ]cx kw\ymtk\ tZlXymKw ItcmXn k ]c
alwtkm \mtaXn
P\n ]Snsb \nenbn \nZz `mhtmsS \njv ]
cnK3l mcmbn XXz {_ amn ipa \ kvIcmbn
tIhew {]mWc Wn\p am{Xw bYmImew FhnsS
\nmbmepw em`mem`mNn IqSmsX ssIbntem As
n I]mentem `n kzoIcnv Iaephnse
shw IpSnv ktmjtmsS kcnWw. hniS
m am{Xta bmNnmhq. anw shbvt Xn. X\nv
Ignp IqSm GsXnepw GImhpw hnP\hpamb
m\w IsWw. iq\yKrlw tZhmebw B{iaw
hevIoIw hraqew IpihmcpsS Krlw bime
\ZoXSw Kpl ]mdI apX emb hbn nc ambn Krlw
\nnmsX IgnpIqSn ip`mip`Nn IqSmsX k\ym
k[nencpv tZlw XyPnp h\mWv ]cwalwk.
6. Bimw_tcm \ \akvImtcm \ Zmc]p{Xm`n
emjo eymey\nh Iw ]cn{hmSv ]c ta
iztcm `hXn Ass{XtX tmIm `hn
\\mbn Bscbpw \akv IcnmsX, Fmnepw ]c
{_w Iv `mcym]p{XmZnIfnep Bkn IqSmsX
eymey \nh I\mbn khkzhpw Dt]np
k\ymkn ]c taizc \mWv. AXns\ kw_np tmI
fn Xm.
7. tbm `thXv ]qh k\ymkn
Xpteym ssh [tXm bZn
Xkvssa {]Wmax Ithym
t\X cmb IZmN\
8. {]amZnt\m _lnnm
]nip\m IetlmpImx
k\ymknt\m f ]n Zriyt
tZhkqjnXmibmx
9. \mamZn`yx ]tc `qav\n
kzcmtPytNXv ntXm f Zztb
{]mWtaXv Iw XZmtm
\ Imcyw IWm XZm
10. Cuiztcm PohIebm
{]hntm `Khm\nXn
{]WtaXv ZhXv `qau
BizmNme tKmJcw
11. amwk ]mmenImbmkvXp
b{ temtI f K]Rv Ptc
kv \mbzn{]n imen\yx
kv{Xnbx Inanh tim`\w
12. XzMv amwkc _mjv]mw_p
]rYIv IrXzm hntemNt\
kamtemIb cayw tNXv
Inw ap[m ]cnaplykn
X\nv apv k\ymkw kzoIcnhs\bpw Xpey
[w BNcnphs\ \akv Icn Ww. amscbpw Hcn
epw ]mSn. hnjbmk, \oNm, Iel {]nb m
ZqjnXmib m Cu \nebnep k\ymknamcpw DmImw.
\maw [maw Imaw Ah Fn hbvsmw AXoX ambn
Db \nebn BXXzw [cn k\ymkn Bscbpw
\a kvIcn t Xn. bYm k\ymkn khhpw kzcq
]n ImWph\mWv. Ah\v temIn sNbvXp
Xom Hcp Ihpan. kIe]Zmfpw bYm
k\ymknv XpeyamWv. Cuiz c Pohcq]n kIe
PohnIfnepw {]thinncnpIbmsWp a\nemn
IpXn cbmbmepw Nmf\mbmepw ]iphmbmepw IgpX
bmbmepw Ah Z\a kvImcw sNpp. amwkmn
\nnX amb kv{Xoicocn FmWv kucyw? Cu
icoc nse amwkw sXmen cw Ip\o Fnh
{]tXyIw ths]Spn t\mnbm AXv kp camtWm?
AXn tamlnms\ncnpp?
13. tacp irwKXtbmmkn
KwKmPectbm ]am
Zrmh bkv an apt\apm
lmctkymmk imen\m
14. ivaimt\jp ZnvtXjp
k Gh ee\m kvX\x
iz`ncmkzmZytX Imte
eLp]n Chmkx
15. tIiIpf[mcntWym
Zpkv]iu temN\ {]nbmx
ZpjvIrXmn inJm \mtcym
Zln XrWhcw
I K
N P
714
16. Pze\m AXnZqtc f ]n
kckm A]n \ockmx
kv{Xntbm ln \cImo\m
an\w Nmcp ZmcpWw
17. Ima\mav \m IncmtX\
hnIom apKv [tNXkx
\mtcym \chnlwKm\m
awK_\ hm Kpcmx
kv {XoIfpsS amdneWn cXv\ame tacp XSn
\n fn p KwKv Xpey am Wv . A s\ bp
kv{XobpsS kvX\mZnI ivaim\ nepw apw tOZn
sp InS ptm ]nI tNmdpcpf t]mse Xnpp.
tImXnsbmXpnb XeapSnbpw ARvP \sagpXnb Ip
am kv{Xo `bm\Iamb AninJp Xpeyw ]pcpj
msc `kvaoIcnpp. kv {Xo Zqsc shp Xs Zln n
phfpw kc ksap tXmpsa nepw cklo\bpw \c
Imn bpsS C\ hpamWv . Ima\mIp thS a\pjycm
Ip ]nIsf AIs Spm hoinb hebmWv kv{XoI
sfp ]dbmw.
18. P]ezeaym\mw
NnIaNmcnWmw
]qwkmw Zphmk\mcp
\mco _Uni]nnIm
19. kthjmw tZmjmcXv\m\mw
kpkapZvKn b am\bm
ZpxJir Jebm \nXy
aeamkvXp aa kv{Xnbm
20. bkykv{Xo Xky t`mtKm
\nkv{XoIky Iz t`mK`qx
kv{Xnbw Xyzm PKyw
PKXv Xyzm kpJo `h
21. Ae`yam\kvX\bx
]nXcu titbncw
e_vt[m tl K`]mtX\
{]kth\ N _m[tX
22. PmX ky{KltcmKmZn
Ipamcky N [qXm
D]\otX f ]yhn ZyXz
a\pZzml ]ntX
P ]ezmen hknpXpw Nn ]n Ncn
p Xpamb ]pcpj\mIp ayn\v Zphmk\m]mi
_nX amb NqbmWv kv {XoI. khtZmjcXv\ t]S
Ihpw ZpxJirwJebpambn kv{Xnbn \nv Cuizc
cn s. kv {Xobph\v t`mKhmRv Obpv. kv {Xocln
X\v t`mKsa hnsS? kv {Xnsb Dt]nh {]]w shSn
pshv IcpXmw. {]]w XyPnm kpJw t\Smw.
]p{X\pw ZpxJZmb I\mWv. ]p{X\nsn amXm]nXm
v ZpxJw K`]m{Xw {]khthZ\mtiw Cs\
]eXp DmhpIbpw sNpp. ]p{X P\nmepw {Kl
_m[ tcmK_m[ apXembh DmImw. ]p{X [q
\mbn Fpw hcmw. D]b\ n\p tijhpw aqV\mbn
sbv hcmw. hnhmlmZnIfnse XShpw ZpxJZmbIamImw.
23. bp\ ]cZmcmZn
Zmcn{Zyw N IpSpw_n\nx
]p{XZpxJky \mkv Xytm
[\o tN{nbtX XZm
24. \]mWn]mZN]tem
\t\{X N]tem bXnx
\ N hmIv N]essh
{_`qtXm PntX{nbx
25. cn]u _t kztZtlN
kssa Imyw {]]iyXx
hnthIn\x IpXx tIm]x
kztZlmhb thjznh
26 A]ImcnWn tIm]tXv
tImt] tIm]x IYw \tX
[mImatammWmw
{]kly ]cn]n\n
27. \tamkvXp aa tIm]mb
kzm{ibRvPzment\ `riw
tIm]ky aa sshcmKy
Zmbnt\ tZmjt_m[nt\
bph\b\mb ]p{X\v ]ckv{XoIfpambn Ahnln
X_w DmIptam F `bn\pw CSbpv. hnhmln
X\mbm km\ kwJyhnptam F `bhpw D.
]p{X\n \n ]e ZpxJfpapmImw. [\hm\msW
n ]p{X\pmhn. Dmbm acnpshpw hcpw.
Cs\ ]etipw ImcW`qX bmb kv{Xosb Hgn
hm Ww. hnhmlnX\mIcpXv. B `mKtp Bkn
AcpXv. IcNc W t\{X hmv Fnhbn bXn
kwbanbmbncnWw. PntX{nb \mtb ]q. Fmte
{_ ab \mIm km[n q. i{Xphpw kmwkmcnI_w
tN Xpamb icocn GI`mhw ImWp m\io
e\mb bXnv HmtcmSpw tIm]an. a\pjy\v kzw Ah
b h fn tIm]w tXmmdn tm. Bscnepw \nc]cm
[nIfpsS t\v tIm]w Imnbm B a\pjyt\mSv
I K
N P
715
[mmImatam fpsS {]_ew i{Xphmb tIm]
tmSv FpsImv tIm]n pn Fv tNmZnWw.
kzm{ibss Npp Nmemp tIm]n\v
Fs \akvImcw. F\nv sshcmKyw \IpXpw tZmjw
NqnmWnp Xpamb tIm]n\v \a kvImcw.
28. b{X kp]vXm P\m \nXyw
{]_p kvX{X kwbao
{]_p b{X tX hnZzm
kpjp]vXnw bmXn tbmKncmSv
29. NnZnlmkvXoXn Nnm{X
anZw NnbtahN
Nnzw NnZltatX N
temImnZnXn `mhb
30. bXo\mw XZp]mtZbw
]mclwky ]cw ]Zw
\mXx ]cXcw InnXv
hnZytX ap\n]pwKh
CXyp]\n jXv
km[mcWmc\mb hyn Dd ptm kwban
bmb ]pcpj DWncnpp. AXmbXv hnjbmkn
bpsS Ln kwban XnIpw PmKcqI\mIpp. km[m
c Wm DWncnptm tbmKn kpjp]v Xnbn ebn
pp. bXn {]]n NnXv kzcq]\mWv. kIekr
nbpw Nn{Zq]amIpp. AJamb {_mw Nnb
amWv. Nn{Zq]w XsbmWv kakvXhpw. Rm\pw Nnp
Xs. khkrnbpw Nn{Zq]amIpp. ap\nhcym, bXn
Iv D]mtZb ambnpXv ]calwks ]ca]Zamb
tamw XsbmIpp. CXnepw D]cn bmbnsmpan.
bmhteym]\njv kam]n p
Q
imn]mTw
Hmw. kl\mhhXp. kl \u `p\p .
klhocyw Ichmh ssl. tXPkzn \mh[oX
akvXp. am hnZznjm hssl.
{_w Rsf cp t]scbpw cns. AXv
Rsf cp t]scbpw ]cn]mens. R cp
t]cpw Hcpanv tbmKyX t\SpamdmIs. R ]ckv ]
cw hntZzjnmXncns. Hmw imnx imnx imnx.
Hmw Aymbw
1. tlXp Zzbw ln Nnky hmk\m
N kaocWx
Xtbm hn\njv S GIkvanw kvXZv
hm]]n hn\iyXx
2. XtbmcmZu kaocky Pbw Ipcym \mcx kZm
anXmlmc mk\, N in
NmekvXrXobbx
3. GtXjmw eWw hty irWp KuXa
kmZcw
kpkv \nKv[ a[pcmlmc kpmwti
hnhPnXx
4. `pPqtX inhkw{]ossXy anXmlmcx
k DNytX
Bk\w Zznhn[w t{]mw ]Zvaw
h{Pmk\w XYm
5. Duthmcp ]cntNt Dt` ]mZXte bYm
]mk\w `thtZXXv kh]m] {]Wmi\w.
a\ns AncXbv v ImcWw cmWv. Hp
hmk\ cmaXv izmkw FnhbmWv. Chbn Hp
XIcmdnembm atXpw XIcmdnembn. AXn\m km[
I {][m\ambn sNtXv izms AXmbXv {]mWs\
PbnpI FXmWv . Ah anXmlmcw Bk\w
inNme\w Ch ioenWw. KuXa, C\n Rm Ah
bpsS eW ]dp Xcmw. {itbmsS tIpI.
tbmKIpWvUeyp]\njv
1
3
I K
N P
716
BZyambn kv\nKv [hpw a[pchpamb Blmcw IgnWw.
hbdns \mensemcp `mKw HgnnSWw. inh{]oXyw
Cs\ anXmlmcw IgnWw. Bk\fn cs
amWv. {][m\w ]mk\hpw h{Pmk\hpw. cp XpSI
fpsSbpw apIfnembn ]ckv]cw cp ImepIfpsSbpw
]mZXesf t\sc shbvpXmWv ]mk\w. AXv
kIe ]m]fpw \innpXmWv.
6. hmamw {Ln aqeImt[m ]y\pw
XZp]cnnt]Xv
ka{Koh incx Imtbm h{Pmk\anXocnXw.
7. IpWv Uteyh `thXv inx Xmw Xp
kme tbXv _p[x
kzm\mZm{Zpthm a[yw inNme\
apNytX
8. XXv km[t\ Zzbw apJyw kckzXym kvXp
Nme\w
{]mWtcm[ aYw `ymk ZrPzo IpWvUen\o
`thXv
9. XtbmcmZu kckzXymme\w IYbman tX
AcptXyh IYnXm ]pcmhnZv`nx kckzXn
10. bkym kmet\ ss\h kzbw NeXn
IpWv Ueo
CUmbmw hlXn {]mtW _[zm
]mk\w ZrVw
tbm\n m\v CSXp Imens Dqn shbvp
Ibpw heXp Imens Dqn AXn\p apIfnembn
shbvpIbpw Igpv Xe Fnh t\sc \nhpIbpw
sNbv Xm AXv h{Pmk\ambn. IpWv Uen\nbmWv
apJyin. m\nbmb km[I AXp Nennv cv
]pcnIfpsSbpw a[yn sImpt]mIpp. CXp
Xs inNme\w. IpWv Uen\o Nme\n\v cp
apJyamb km[\Ifpv. Hv kckzXo Nme\w. atXv
{]mW \ntcm[w. Npcpp InSp IpWv Uen\n A`ym
kwsImv \nhphcpp. BZyw kckzXoNme-
\sn ]dbmw. ]qhnI, kckzXnsb AcpXn
FmWv ]dncpXv kckzXo\mUo Ne\m
IpWvUen\n kzbw Nenpp. CSs CUm\mUnbn
IqSn izmkw {]hlnptm ]mk\nencnWw.
11. ZzmZimwKpe ssZLyw N Aw_cw
NXpcwKpew
hnkv Xocy tX\ XmUnw thjvT bnXzm
XXx kp[o
12. AwKpjvT XP\o`ymw Xp lkvXm `ymw
[mctbXv ZrVw
kziym Nmetb Zzm ta ZnWu
]p\x ]p\x
13. aplq Zzb ]cyw \n`bmme
tbZv kp[ox
Du[zmamIjtbXv InnXv kpjvav\mw
IpWvU enKXmw
14. tX\ IpWvUen\o Xkymx kpjpav\mbmx
apJw {htPXv
PlmXn XkvamXv {]mtWm bw kpjpmw
{hPXn kzbw
15. Xpt Xp XmWw Ipcym IWvT
kwtImN\ IrtX
kckzXym met\\ hKtm
[ztKm acpXv.
]{v AwKpew \ofhpw \mev AwKpew hoXnbp
ap BImi Ipesf kev]nv IpWvUen\nsb
NpWw. ]ns CSsbpw hesbpw \mknImc{
sf Xhnc sImpw Nqphnc sImpambn
]nSnv BZyw hep `mKp \mknIbn IqSnbpw
]noSv CSs \mknIbn IqSnbpw hopw hopw
tcNI ]qcI sNWw. AtXmsSmw AXns\ Nn
bneqsS heXpw CSXpw `mK hopw hopw Nenn
Ww. Cs\ Hcp aplq kabw kckzXo Nme\w
sNWw. ]ns IpWvUen\np kao]ap kqjvav\
\mUnsb Aev ]w apIfntev BIjnWw. Cs\
A`yknptm IpWvUen\n kpjvav\bpsS apJv
{]thinpp. Atm {]mW\pw kzbw Bm\w
hnv kpv av \bn {]thinpp. hbdv apIfnte
bv mIjnv Igpv ktmNnnv kckzXo Nme\w
sNptm hmbp lrZbn \npw apIfntev
Kanpp.
16. kqtcyW tcNtbZzmbpw kckzXym
kvXp Nmet\
IWvT ktmN\w IrXzm hK
tm [ztKm acpXv
17. XkvamXv kmetbnXyw i_vZK`mw
kckzXow
Xkymx kmet\ ss\h tbmKo tcmssKx
{]apNytX
18. Kpev aw PtemZcw olm tb Nmt\y
Xp a[yKm
kthXp in Nmte\ tcmKmx
\iyn \nbw
19. {]mWtcmLatYZm\ow {]hyman kamkXx
{]mW tZltKm hmbpcmbmax
Ip`Ix kvarXx
I K
N P
717
20. k Gh [znhn[x t{]mx klnXx
tIhe kvXYm
bmhXv tIhe knnx kym mhXv
klnXa`ytkXv
kckzXo Nme\w sNptm hep kqcy
\mUnbn IqSn hmbphns\ tcNIw sNWw. IWvTw
ktmNnnm hmbp lrZbn \npw apIfntemv
t]mIpw. Cs\ i_v Z K`amb kckzXo Nme\w
CShnSmsX sNWw. CXp ioenm tbmKn kIe tcmK
fn \npw hnap\mIpw. in Nme\m
\inpw. {]mW \ntcm[\sn C\n ]dbmw. tZl
kmcnbmb hmbphns\ {]mWs\p ]dbpp. AXv
ncambncnp AhbmWv Ipw`Iw. AXv klnX
Ipw`Iw, tIhe Ipw`Iw Fv cp hn[apv. tIhe
Ipw`I nXn ssIhcpXp hsc klnX Ipw`Iw
A`ykntXpv.
21. kqtcymmbo ioXfn N `kv{Xo
ssNh NXpnIm
t`ssZtch kaw Ipwt`m bx kymXv
klnX Ipw`Ix
22. ]hnt{X \nPt\ tZti icmZn hnhPntX
[\px {]amW ]cyt ioXmn PehPntX
23. ]hnt{X \mXyp \o tN lymkt\
kpJtZ kptJ
_ ]mk\w IrXzm kckzXymkvXp
Nme\w
24. Z\mUym kam Irjy _lnjv T
]mh\w iss\x
btYjvSw ]qctb Zzmbpw tcNtb ZnUbm XXx
25. I]me tim[t\ hm]n tcNtbXv
]h\w iss\x
btYjvSw ]qctb Zzmbpw tcNtb ZnUbm XXx
25. I]me tim[t\ hm]n tcNtbXv
]h\w iss\x
NXpjvIw hmXtZmjw Xp Iran tZmjw
\nln N
kqcy, Dmbn, ioXfn, `kv{XnI Fo \mep
hn[ap {]mWmbmatfmsSmw klnX Ipw`Iw sN
Ww. GImhpw ]cniphpw Ipw Ibpw CmXpw
ASpv ]pv, Xov, Pew FnhbnmXpw A[nIw
XmgvNtbm Dbtbm CmXpw ASpv ]pv , Xov,
Pew FnhbnmXpw A[nIw XmgvNtbm Dbtbm
CmXpw Bb hnip ev kpJambn _
]mk\nencpv kckzXo Nme\w sNWw.
I]metim[\nepw hmbphns\ kmh[m\n ]pd-
tbvv hnSWw. Cu {InbbpsS ^eambn Fm hn[
hmXtcmKepw IrantZmjhpw CmXmIpw.
26. ]p\x ]p\cnZw Imcyw kqcyt`Z apZmlrXw
apJw kwbay \mUoZym amXrjy
]h\w iss\x
27. bYm{] KXn IWvTmp lrZbmh[n kkz\w
]qhhXv Ipw`tbXv {]mWw tcN tb
ZnUbm XXx
28. iotjmZnXm\elcw Kftjlcw ]cw
kh tcmKlcw ]pWyw tZlm \ev hn\mi\w
29. \mUo PtemZcw [mXp KX tZmj hn\mi\w
KI kXvjTXx Imcy apmbmJyw
30. Pnlzbm hmbphmIrjy ]qh
hXv Ipw`ImZ\p
iss\kvXp {LmW c{m `ymw tcNtb
Z \newkp[o
31. Kpev] olmZnIm tZmjm bw
]nw Pzcw Xrjmw
hnjmWn ioXfn \ma Ipw`tIm bw
\nln N.
kqcyt`Zn FmWv Cu {]{InbbpsS t]cv. CShn
SmsX CXv A`yknWw. C\n Dmbn. hmbv ASp
aqns cp Zzmcfn IqSnbpw hmbphns\ kmh[m
\n Dntev henWw. Atm AXv i_vZtm
sS IgppapX lrZbw hsc \ndbpw ]ns ]gb
t]mse Ipw`Iw sNbvXv CSs aqn IqSn tcNIw
sNWw. AXns ^eambn Xebnse Djv Ww Igpn
se I^sv apXemb ]e tcmKfpw ianpp;
PTcmnbpw hnpw ap tcmKpw iaw Inpw.
Cu Dmbn Ipw`Iw kcnptmgpw sNbvXp sIm
ncnmw. ioXfn F {]mWmbmaw sNptm hmbn
hns\ \mn IqSn henv apnestmse Ipw`Iw
sNWw. ]ns kmh[m\n aqneqsS tcNIw
sNmw. Kpevaw ol ]nw Pzcw Zmlw Ch ianm
Cu {]tbmKw DaamWv.
32. XXx]mk\w _[zm ka{Kothm Zcx kpJo
apJw kwbay bmtXm\ {LmWw
{LmtW\ tcNtbXv
33. bYm eKXn IWvTmp I]mte
kkz\w XXx
thtK\ ]qctbXv InnXv lrXv
]mh[n amcpXw
34. ]p\ hntcNtbXv XZzXv ]qctb ]p\x ]p\x
bssYh temlImcmWmw `kv{Xm thtK\
NmeytX
I K
N P
718
35. XssYh kz icocw Nme tbXv
]h\w iss\x
bYm {ita `thXv tZtl XYm
kqtcyW ]qctbXv
36. btYmZcw `thXv ]qw ]ht\\
XYm eLp
[mcb \mknIm a[yw XP\o`ymw
37. Ipw`Iw ]qhhXv IrXzm tcNtbZn Ubm\ew
IWvtTm nXzm \nelcw icocmn
hnh\w
38. IpWv Ueo t_m[Iw ]pWyw ]m]Lv\w
ip`ZwkpJw
{_ \mUo apJm I^ ZpK
\mi\w
39. KptWm{XbkapZv `qX {Kn {Xb hn`ZIw
hntitjssW h Ihyw `kv{XmwJyw
Ipw`Iw XznZw
`kv XnI F {]mWmbmaw hnhcnpp. ]mk
\nencpv Igppw tZlhpw \nhn hmbSv kmh
[m\w aqn IqSn tcNIw sNpI. ]ns hmbphns\
thKn i_vZtmsS Igpv Amv Xetbmn
lrZbw Fnhbv v AXns kv ]i\w A\p`h
sSphn[w BIjnWw hmbpshfnbn hv
hopw ]qcIw sNWw. Cu {]{Inb sIms Desb
tmse XpScWw. Cs\ icocnse hmbphns\
\nb{nv NennpI. tiw tXmnbm kqcy\mU
aptJ\ ]qcIw sNbvXv NqmWn hnc HgnsIbp
\mep hncepI sImv aqns a[yw ZrVambn ]nSnv
Ipw`Iw sNWw. ]ns CSs aqneqsS tcNIw
sNWw. icocmn hnnm CXv D]Icnpw.
IpWvUensb DWpw ]pWyIchpw ]m]\miIhpam
WnXv. kpjpav\bpsS apJs ^emZnI CXp aqew
\inpw. {XnKpWmIfmb aqp {KnIsfbpw t`Zn
pXmWnXv . `kvXnI Fp t]cp Cu {]mWmbmaw
{]tXyIw A`ykntXmWv .
40. NXpWma]n t`Zm \mw Ipw`tI
kap]ntX
_{Xb anZw Imcyw tbmKn`n
hoXIssjx
41. {]Ytam aqe_kvXp ZznXotbmob
\m`n[x
Pmec kvXrXob kvXp tXjmw eW
apNytX
42. At[m KXn a]m\w ssh Du[zKw IpcptX
_emXv
AIpt\\ Xw {]mlp aqe _tm
bapNytX
43. A]mt\ tNm [ztKm bmtX
kw{]m]vtX hn aWvUte
XtXm \e inJm ZoLm htX
hmbp\m lXm
44. XmtXm bmssX hy am \u hmbp
tjva kzcq]Iw
tX\mXy {]Zo]vtX\ Pzet\
tZlPkvXYm
45. tX\ Ip Wv Uen \o kp ]v Xm kwX]v Xm
kw{]_p[ytX
ZWvUmlXp `pPwKoh \nx izky
EPqXmw {]tPXv
Cs\ \mep hn[nep {]mWmbma ioen
ptXmsSmw tbmKn aqp _ IqSn sNWw.
Hv aqe_w cv Dobm\w aqv Pmec_w.
At[mKat\mpJamb A]m\s\ intbmsS KpZn
s B Ip\m apIfntebvp sImpt]mIpXp
sImv AXv aqe _amWv A]m\ apIfntep
t]mbn. AnaWv Uehpambn tNcptm AXns
{]`mhm An DzeamIpw. AsXmsS DdnnS
p IpWvUen\n DWcpw; hSnsImv ASntb s]
kstmse ^qXv ImctmsS AXv EphmIpp.
46. _ne {]tZitXm b{X {_ \mUycw
{]tPXv
XkvamnXyw aqe_x Ithym
tbmKn`nx kZm
47. Ipw`Imt tcNImZu Ithym
tbmKn`nx kZm
47. Ipw`Imt tcNImZu I
hykvXp nbmWIx
_tm tb\ kpjpav\mbmw {]mW
kvXpo btXbXx
48. Xkvam Zpob Wm tJym bw tbmKn`nx
kapZm KrXmx
kXn h{Pmkt\ ]mZu Icm`ymw
[mctbXv ZrVw
49. Kpev^ tZi kaot] N Iw b{X
{]]oUtbXv
]naw XmWapZtc [mctbXv lrZtb itf
50. iss\x iss\ bYm {]mWkvXp
kow \nKXn
XptZmjw hn\n [qb Ihyw kXXw
iss\x
AsXmsS AXv amfn {]thinpXpt]mse
kpjpav\bn {]thinpp. AXpsImv tbmKnI
I K
N P
719
aqe_w Fpw A`yknWw. Ipw `Ivn\p tijw
tcNInpapv Dobm\ _w sNWw. Atm
{]mWhmbp kpjpav \bpsS Dn ]dpp. AXpsIm
p XsbmWv Cs\sbmcp t] Xs InnbXv
(Db\w sNpI. ]dpI) CXn\v h{Pmk\\mbn
ImepIsf ssIsImv ZrVambn ]nSnWw. IWmen\
Spv Icpm\ anWw. hbdv taevt]mmI
jnv lrZbhpw IWvT \onnSnv henWw. Cs\
sNptm {]mW hbnse knIfn {]thinp
Ibpw hbnse k tZmjfpw AIpIbpw sNpw.
AXn\m Cu A`ymkw Fpw sNWw.
51. ]qcImt Xp Ithym _tm
Pmecm`n[x
IWvT ktmN cqt]m ku hmbp
am \ntcm[Ix
52. A[kv XmXv Ipt\\mip IWvT
ktmNt\ IrtX
at[y ]na XmtW\ kymXv {]mtWm
{_\mUnIx
53. ]qthmt\ {ItassWh kaynXx
Nme\w Xp kckzXyx IrXzm {]mWw
\ntcm[tbXv
54. {]Yta Znhtk Imcyw Ipw`Im\mw
NXpjv Sbw
{]tXyIw ZikwJymIw ZznXotb
]`nkv XYm
55. hnwiXpew XrXotb n ]hrym
Znt\ Znt\
Ihyx Ipw`tIm \nXyw _ {Xb
ka\znXx
IWvT ktmN\w sNpXv. Pmec_n
hmbphns\ \ntcm[m\mWv. Cu _w ]qcIm
n sNWw. Xmsg aqe_w aptJ\ KpZs B
Ip\w sNbvXp apIfn \npw Pmecm IWv T
ktmN\w sNbvXv a[yn ]na Xm\w AXmbXv
Dnbm\w aptJ\ {]mWs\ BIjnWw. Cs\
Fm `mKp\npw \ntcm[s {]mW kpjpav\
bn Ibdpp. kqNnn {]Imcw \t]mse Bk\
\mbn kckzXoNme\w sNbvXv {]mWs\ \ntcm[nWw.
BZy Znhkw \miIpw`Ifpw ]pXhW sNWw.
cmw Znhkw Ccp]Xp XhW; aqmw Znhkw Ccp]Xp
XhW; Cs\ Hmtcm Znhkhpw Ap XhW hn
Ww. Cu Ipw`Im`ymkw aqp _tfmSp IqSn
\nXyhpw sNtXpv.
56. Znhmkp]vXn \nimbmw Xp PmKcmZXn
ssaYp\mXv
_lpkw{IaWw \nXyw tcm[m
aq{X]pcojtbmx
57. hnjamk\ tZmjm {]bmk
{]mWNn\mXv
io{LapXv]ZytX tcmKx kvXw ` tbZy
Zn kwbao
58. tbmKm`ymtk\ ta tcmK Dev]n
CXn IYytX
XtXm `ymkw XytPtZhw {]Yaw
hnLv\ apNytX
59. ZznXobw kwibm Jym N XrXobw
N {]aXx
BekymJyw NXpw N \n{Zm cq]w
Xp ]aw.
60. jjvT XphcXn {`mnx k]vXaw
]cn IonXw
hnjaw NmjvSaw ssNh A\mJym
\haw kvarXw
61. Ae_v [n tbmK XXzky Ziaw
t{]mNytX _pss[x
CtXy\ ZznLv\ ZiIw hnNmtcW
XytPXv _p[x
]Iepdw cm{Xn Ddanfv AXnssaYp\w; Gsd
\Sw, aeaq{X \ntcm[\w, Bk\ sshjayw, \n_
npff {]mWmbmaw Cu tZmjfm tcmKw DmImw
AXpIv tcmKn\p ImcWw tbmK`ymksa tXm
epmImw. A\s tbmKm`ym ]cnXymKw Hmas
hnLv\amWv, cmas hnLv \w kwibw, aqp {]a
X, \mev Bekyw, Av AXn \n{Z Bdv hncXn,
Ggv {`mn, Fv hnjaX, H]Xv A\mJy ]matXv
tbmKXXzns A{]m]vXn. hnhcapff km[I Nnn
v Ah ssIhntSXpv.
62. {]mWm`ymkkvXXx Imtcym \nXyw
kXzbm [nbm
kpjpav \m eobtX Nnw \N
hmbpx {][mhXn
63. ipjvtI ate N tbmKo N kymZv \ Xn
menXm XXx
At[mKXn a]m\w ssh Du[zKw
IpcptX _emXv
I K
N P
720
64. BIpt\\ Xw {]mKp aqe
_tmb apNytX
A]m\ tm [ztKm `qXzm hn\u
kl KXn
65. {]mWm\w XtXm hnx {]mRm]m\u
N kXzcw
anfnXzm IpWvTeow bmXn {]kp]vXm
IpWv UemIrXnx
66. tX\mn \m Nk ]vXm ] h t\ss\
h NmenXm
{]kmcy kz icocw Xp kpjpav\m hZ\mtc.
Cs\ {]mWmbmaw \nbanX cq]n kmXznI
_p[ym A`yknWw. AXns ^eambn Nnw
kpjpav\bn ebnpp. AXn {]mW hmbp HmSp.
aetim[\bvp tijw {]mW Nem XpSptm
{]bXv \ ]qhw A]m\s\ Du[zKXnbntev \bn
Ww. CXn\pff KpZmIp\ {]{Inbv aqe_w Fp
t]. A]m\ apIhnXsen Anbpambn tbmPn
pp. ]ns {]mWhmbphpambpw tbmPnptm
{]mW \n{Zbnemb IpWv Ueo\nsb {]m]npp.
tm AXns DjvWm NensSp IpWvUen\n
icnbmb hn[nembn h{Pn {]thipp.
67. {_ {Knw XtXm `nXzm ctPm
KpWkapZv `hw
kpjpav \m hZt\ io{Lw hnZypttJh
kwptcXv
68. hnjv Wp {Knx {]mbmXyp ssx kXzcw
lrZn kwnXw
Du[zw KXn bmkvtX cp{Z {Knw
XZphw
69. {`qthm a[yw Xp kw`nXy bmXn
ioXmw ipaWvUew
A\mlXmwJyw b{Iw Zssf
tjmUi`nbpXw
70. X{X ioXmw ip kwPmXw {Zhw
timjbXn kzbw
NentX {]mWthtK\ c Nnw
chn {KlmXv
ctPmKpWn \npmb {_{Kn t`Znv Cu
IpWvUen\o in kpjpav\bvpffn hnZypns
tcJt]mse tim`npp. AXnthKw AXv lrZbnse
hnjvWp {Knsb {]m]nv apIfn Bm N{In
sen AhnsS cp{Z{Knsb {]m]npIbpw AhnsS
\nv cp]pcnIfpsSbpw a[ym\w t`Znv N{
aWvUensepIbpw AhnsS ]Xn\mdp ZftfmSp
IqSnb A\mlX N{In N{\n \nv DmIp
{Zhs DWnfbpI am{Xa {]mWhmbphns
thKm kqcy csbpw {Klnp nXn
hntijw kwPmXamIpp.
71. bmtXp N{Iw b{XmkvtX ip
tjva {ZhmIw
X{X knw {KkXypjvWw IYw
ioX kz`mhIw
72. XssYh c`km ipw N{ cq]w ln X]ytX
Du[zw {]hlXn _p_v t[m XssZhw
{ihtX Xcmw
73. \kymkzmZhimnw _lnjvSw
hnjtajvT bXv
XtZh ]caw `pzm kzkym
ctXm bphm
74. {]IrXymjvSI cq]w N m\w KXn
IpWv Ueo
t{ImUoIrXy inhw bm{Xn t{ImUoIrXy
hneobtX
75. CXyt[m[z cPx ip inth XZ\p amcpXx
{]mWm ]m\u kau bmXn kl PmXu
XssYh N
N{aWvUen t]mbn AXv AhnSs {Zh
]Zmw timnnv AXns\ NqSpffXmpw. Atm
AhnsS XWpss\? CXv N{s ip cq]w X]vX
amn {]p_v[ambn apIfn Ibdpp. XXv^eambn
_mly ]Zmfn I]qInbncp Nnw ]camm
hn ebnv Bm\a\p`hnpp. Cs\ IpWvU
en\n Fp hn[nepff {]IrXn {]m]nv inht\mSp
tNv AXn ebnpp. AXn\m Xmgs cPpw
apIfnse iphpw tbmPnv inh\n hnebw {]m]np
p. {]mW\pw A]m\\pw kam\cq]n klPm
XcmbXn\m cpw Ahbn s ebnpp.
76. `qtXybvt] Nat\mev t] hm hmNtX
XzXn h[tX
[mhXyJne hmX Anaqjm lncWyhXv
77. B[n `uXnItZlw Xp B[n
ssZhnI hn{Ktl
tZmtlm Xn hnaew bmXn NmXnhmlnI
XmanbmXv
78. PmUy`mh hn \n ap aaew NnbmIw
XkymXnhmlnIw apJyw kthjmw Xp
aZmnIw
I K
N P
721
79. Pmbm `hhn \napnx Ime cq]ky hn{Zax
CXn Xx kzkzcq]m ln aXo cp `pPwKhXv
80. hrssjthm t`Xn kIew hrssjh
{]hneobtX
cu]y_pnx ipn Imbmw kv{Xo]pwtkm
{`atXm bYm.
sNdpXmbmepw `uXnIicocw Djv Ww hnp
tm kzw t]mse X]npp;hym]npp. CXns
{]`mhm B[n`uXnI icocw B[n ssZhnamIpp.
hnIeambn AXv kqva icoc XpeyamIpp. Cs\
bp km[I\v ]p\Pan. Ime\pw Ahs\ \nb{n
m Ignhn. bYm m\w Ah t\Spp.
Ibdn k {`mnbpw Nnnbn cPX{`mnbpw
kv{Xobn ]pcpj {`mnbpw DmImdptm. km[I\v
Xs tZls kw_np {`a anYysbv
t_m[yamIpp.
81. ]nWv U{_mWv UtbmsscIywenK
kq{Xm t\mc]n
kzm]mhymIrXtbmsscIyw kz{]Imi
NnZmt\mx
inIpWvUen\o \ma _nkXp\n`m ip`m
aqeIw ^Wmt{KW Zrjv SzmIaeIhXv
83. aptJ\ ]pw km Krly {_ c{
ka\znXm
]mk\ KXx kztm KpZamIpWvUym
km[Ix
84. hmbpaq[zKXw IphIpw`
Imhnjv Sw am\kx
hmbzLmX himZnx kzm[njvTm\KtXm
Pze
85. Pze\mLmX ]h\mLmssXx cpn{ZntXm
lncmSv
{_ {Knw XtXm `nXzm hnjvWp
{Kw `n\cyXx
86. cp{Z {Knw N `n ssXyh Ihem\n
Zn\n jSv
kl{kIate inx inth\ kl tamZtX
sskhmhm ]cmtbm sskh
\nhrXn ImcnWo. CXn.
AXn\m ]nWv Uhpw {_lmamWv Uhpw ewK ico-
chpw GIo`hnv Xs Bmhv kzbw {]Imi cq]hp
amb ssNX\ym GIo`hnpp. IpWvUen\o
in Xmac \qen\v XpeyamWv. AXv Iae Iw t]mse
aqeIs ^Wm{Kn I ]pw hmbn \nt
]nv {_c{ apJs BhcWw sNbvXv Ddnsm
ncnpp. AXnmbn km[I ]mk\\mbn
KpZw BIp\w sNbvXv Ipw`Im hmbphns\ apI
fntemv IbWw. hmbphns inbm kzm[njvTm\
N{ Inse Ansb DzennWw. Atm
AnhmbzmLmXm kpjp]vXnbn apgpInbncp
IpWvUen\n DWcpp. {_ {Kn, hnjvWp{Kn,
cp{Z{Kn, jSvN{Iw Fnhsb t`Znv kl{k IaeZf
nsepp. AhnsS inh\pambn incq]n
kwtbmPnv tamZmbIhpamb Ahmhntijw.
cmw A[ymbw
1. AYmlw kw {]hyman hnZymw tJNcn
kwn Imw
bYm hnm\ hm\kym temtI
kvan Ptcm acx
2. arXyp hym[n Pcm{K kvX ZrjvSzm hnZym
anamw apt\
_pn ZrV Xcmw IrXm tJNco
Xp ka`ytkXv
3. Pcm arXyp PcmLv\ bx tJ Ncow
thn `pXte
{KX mcy Xss XZ`ymk {]tbmKX.
4. Xw apt\ kh _mth\ Kpcpw aXzm
kam{itbXv
Zpe`m tJNco hnZym XZ`ymtkm ]n Zpe`x
5. A`ymkw taf\w ssNh bpK
]ssh knyXn
A`ymk am{X \ncXm \ hnt l taf\w.
tJNcn hnZy ]dbmw. Cu hnZy A`yknm hm
Iyw acWw Chbn \nv tamN\w Inpw. hmIy
tcmK]oUnX Xobmbpw Cu hnZy A`yknWw.
{K, AhbpsS \ hymJym\ A`ymkw
Chbm Cu hnZysbn \ Adnhp kmZn alm
]pcpjs\ kh `mth\ Kpcphmbn IcpXn Abmfn
\nv Cu hnZy kmZnWw. ImcWw Cu tJNcohnZy
hfsc ITn\amWv. A`ymkhpw taf\tbmKhpw Htc L
n thWw A`ymkw am{Xw t]mcm.
6. A`ymkw e`tX {_ P
Pmtc IzNnXv
taf\w Xp Pm\mw iXmt ]n
\ e_ytX
7. A`ymkw _lpPmt IrXzm
XZv `mhkm[nXw
taf\w e`tX InXv tbmKo
Pmtc IzNnXv
I K
N P
722
8. bZm Xp taf\w tbmKo e`tX Kpcp h{Xx
XZm XZvknnam]vt\m Xn b Zpm imkv{X
k Xu
9. {K XmX ssh taf\w e`tX bZm
XZm inhXz am]vt\mXn \naptm kh
kwkrtXm
10. imkv {Xw hn\m]n kwt_m[yw Kpcthm
]n \ iIv\pbpx
GsXnepsamcp Pn A`ymkw Innsbp
hcmw. Fm taf\w P Pmc Ignmepw
InpIbn. At\I Pfnse A`ymkm tbmKnv
Hcp Pn taf\w knntmw. icnbmb Kpcphn
\nv taf\a{w A`yknm imkv{X\pIqeamb knn
bpmIpw. km[I {Kfnse Aw {Klnv
taf\w kmZnmepw kwkmc ap\mIpw. imkv {Xw
AXymt]nXamWv . Fsm AXp IqSmsX
Kpcphn\p t]mepw bYm inWw km[ya. AXn
\m imkv{X kmZ\hpw A]cnXymPyamWv.
11. bmh\v\ e`ytX imkv{Xw XmhZv Kmw
]cytSXv bXn.
bZm kwe`ytX imkv{Xw XZm knn
Itc nXm
12. \ imkvt{X W hn\m knn ZrjvSm
ssNh PK{tb
XkvamXv taf\ `mXmcw imkv{X
ZmXmc aNypXw
13. XZ`ymk {]`mXmcw inhw aXzm kam{itbXv
e_v[m imkv{XanZw alym at\yjmw
\ {]ImitbXv
14. XkvamXv kh{]bXvt\ tKm]\obw
hnPm\Xm
b{XmkvtX N Kpcp {_ ZnhytbmK
{]ZmbIx
15. X{X KXzmN tXt\m hnZymw kwKrly
tJNcnw
tXt\mx kayK`ymkw Ipcym
ZmZm hX{nXmx
tbmKm imkv{X knnhsc `qanbn Npn IdWw.
AXn\v {ianWw. bYm imkv{Xw e`nptm
knnIcKXamIpw. aqp temInepw imkv{X klmbw
IqSmsX Bpw knn ssI hnn. AXn\m taf\
ZmXmhpw imkv{XZmXmhpw A`ymkw \Inb kZvKpcp
Xssbp IcpXn Atls B{ibnWw. hnZy
t\Snbm AXv A\ycpsS apn {]ISnncpXv .
clkyambn kqnWw. FhnsSsbnepw Cu tbmKw
a\nemnb Kpcphpsdnm sNv Iv {Kln
v th t]mse ]TnWw.
16. A\bm hnZybm tbmKo tJNco knn
`mIv `thXv
tJNcymw tJNcow bpRvP tJNco
_oP ]qcbm
17. tJNcm[n ]Xn `qXzm tJN tcjvT
kZm htkXv
tJNcmhw hnaw _p aWvUe `qjnXw
18. BJymXw tJNco_nPw tX\ tbmK
{]knyXn
tkmamw i\hIw hw {]Xn temta\
tNmtcXv
19. XkvamXv ss{Xyw iI amJym\ acw
N{cq]Iw
XkvamZ ]rjv Saw hw hntemta\
]cw apt\
20. XYm XXv ]caw hnn XZmZnc]n]ao
Ctm _lp `nt N
IqtSmbw ]cnIonX:
tbmKnv Cu hnZybm tJNco in e`npw.
tJNIo tbmKw sNbvXm km[I tJNcmcm A[o
izc\mbn AhcpsS IqtSm hknpw. tJNcns
{]XoIamb lImcw Bhns {]XoIambn Cu
Imcw AnbpsS {]XoIamb cImcw Pens {]XoI
amb aImcw FnhbpsSsbmw kwtbmKm {low
DmIpp. AXmWv tJNco _oPa{w. AXns knn
bm tbmKw ssIhcpw. tkmamwiw kImcw; {]Xntema
KXnb\pkcnv AXns H]Xmas Acw `; N{
s _oPmcw k; AXns Fmas Acw
hntemaKXnbn a; hopw Acw hn]coXambn
Fnbm ]; F Acw hcp Ncq _oPamb
k; bpw At\I hamb ;bpw Anamc
fmWv. Cs\ {low, cw, kw, aw, ]w, kw, w F
tJNco _oPa{w {]knamWv.
21. Kpcq] tZi e`yw N kh tbmK {]knn Zw
bkyt`lPm ambm \ncp IcWm{ibm
22. kz]v t\ ]n \ et`ky \nXyw ZzmZi
P]yXx
b Camw ]emWn Pt]Z]n kpb{nXx
23. Xky {iotJNco knnx kzbtah
{]htX
\ iyn kh hnLv\m\n {]koZn
N tZhXmx
I K
N P
723
24. heo]enX\mi `hnjyXn \ kwibx
Ghw e_v[zm almhnZym a`ymkw
ImctbXx
25. A\yYm niytX {_ knnx
tJNco ]tY
bZ`ymk khn[u hnZymw \ et`Zyx
kp[m abow
26. XXx ktfImZu N e_u[zm hnZymw
kZm P t]Xv
\m\yYm clntXm {_ km InnXv
knn `mKv `thXv
tJNco a{w kIe knnIfpw \IpXmWv.
Kpcp]tZiw sImt CXv InpIbpp. \nbta\ \nXyw
CXv ]{p XhW P]nphs\ amb hym]nn.
th hn[w CXv Ap ew P]nn. th hn[w
CXv Ap ew P]nph\v JNco hnZy kzbtah
ssIhcpw kIe hnLv\hpw \opw. tZh {]kmZw
e`npw. Pc \opw; kwiban. hnZy icnbmbn A`y
knWw. ap hn[nembm tiamWv ^ew. bYm
hn[n A`ymkw XpSnpw km^eyw Innbnsnepw
KpcpfpsSbpw apw \nti {]Imcw CXv kZm P]n
Ww. tbmKy\mb Hcp inI\nsn CXns knn
Dmhn.
27. bZnZw e`ytX imkv{Xw XZm hnZymw
kam{itbXv
XX kvX tXmZnXw knnamip Xmw
e`tX ap\nx
28. Xmepaqew kapXv Irjy k]vX
hmkcamhnXv
kz Kpcp {]ImtcW aew khw
hntim[tbXv
29. kv\plo ]{X \n`w ikv {Xw kpXovWw
kv\nKv[ \new
kamZmb XXkvtX\ tcmam{Xw k apnt\Xv
30. lnXzm sskh ]Yym`ymw NqnXm`ymw
{]IjtbXv
]p\x k]vX Znt\ {]m]v tX tcmaam{Xw
kapnt\Xv
31. Ghw {ItaW jamkw \ntXym`ypx
kamNtcXv
j amkmZv ck\maqew kncm_w
{]WiyXn.
km[I\v Cu hnZybpsS imkv {X kw_amb
icnbmb Adnhp e`nm knn Inm ImeXmakw
Dmhn. BZyambn km[I Ggp Znhkw Xmep
aqem\s Kpcphns \nti{]Imcw tXv Ahn
Ss kIe amen\yfpw amWw. ]noSv Inbne
t]mse \ aqbp ipamb InsImtm atm
Xmepaqes Hcp XeapSnp Xpeyw apdnpItbm
Kpcphns\smv apdnnpItbm sNWw. apdn
m\n\p apIfn Cpps]mSn ]pcWw. Ggp
Znhkw Ignv hopw apnestmse XeapSnp
Xpeyw apdnWw. Cu {Ian \nccw {]bXv \nm
\mn\pw Amn\pw \Spp _\w hnSpw.
32. AY hm Knizoco[maintcm hkv t{XW
thjvStbXv
iss\cpXv Ijtb tZymKo Ime
themhn[m\ hnXv
33. ]p\x j amkamt{XW \nXyw
kwLjmpt\
{`pa[ym h[n Nmt]yXn XncyW _nemh[nx
34. AY Nn_pIw aqew {]bmXn {IaNmcnXm
]p\x kwhcmWmw Xp XrXobm tZh
eoebm
35. tIimaq[zw {IaXn XncyIv
imJmh[n apt\
A[kv XmXv IWvTIq]mw ]p\ hj
{XtbWXp
36. {_ c{w kamhrXy XnjvtT tZh
\ kwibx
XncyIv NqenXew bmXn A[x IWvT_nem
h[nx
37. iss\ iss\akvX Im alm
h{P I]mS`nXv
]qhw _oPbpXw hnZym hymJymXm
bm {X Zpe`m
38. Xkymx jUmwKw IqhoX XbmjSv
kzc`nbm
IpcymtZhw Ic\ymkw khknym
Zn tlXth
39. iss\tchw {]Ihy a`ymkn bK]mln
bpK]Xv htX bky icocw
hnebw {]tPXv
40. XkvamXv iss\x iss\ Imcy a`ymkw
ap ]pKh
bZm N_mly amtW Pnlzm {__new
{htPXv
41. XZm {_mKP {_ Zpt`Zyw
{Xn Z ssic]n.
AwKpeyt{KW kwLrjy Pnlzmam{Xw
\nthitbXv
I K
N P
724
]noSv \mns Aw XpWnsImv Npn kmh
[m\w tZml\w sNWw. AXmbXv shfnbntebv v hen
Ww. Cs\ Bdpamkw A`yknm \mv hfv
{`qa[yw hsc FpIbpw ]miz`mKfn sNhnhsc
FpIbpw sNpp. shfnbn XmSnhsc Fpw.
Cs\ \nccm`ymkm aqmw sImw \mv
XeapSnhscbpw ]mizn tXmhscbpw Fpp.
Xmsg IWv T Iq]w hscbpw ]noSv aqp hjs
A`ymkw sImv {_c{w hscbpw Fn. AXns\
BhcWw sNpp. AXn kwibnm\n. ]ns
AXv Igpn\v ]pdIp hscbpw Xmsg IWvTmyw
hscbpw Fpw. Cs\ {ItaW \mv {_ c{s
t`Znpp. Cu kakv X _oPmc hnZy hn[nt]mse
A`yknpI hfsc {]bmkamWv. apIfn sImSp
Bdp _oPmc sImv jUw K\ymkhw Ic\ym
khpw sNWw. AsXmsS kq knn hcpw. {i
tbmsS sNtXmWv. A{itbmsS sNbvXm lm\n
bmWv ^ew. Cu A`ymkn Hpw [rXn ImcpXv.
_mlyamn IqSn \mv {__nen {]th
inm XpSptm AXns\ hnc sImv ]nSnv
AXns Dnemmw.
42. Ghw hj{Xbw IrXzm {_Zzmcw
{]hniyXn
{_ Zzmtc {]hnjvtS Xp kayIv
aY\amNtcXv
43. aYt\\ hn\m tINnXv km[bn hn]nXx
tJNco a{ knky knytX aY\w hn\m
44. P]w N aY\w ssNh IrXzm io{Lw ^ew
`thXv
kz Pmw cu]y Pmw hm]n temlPmw
45. \ntbmPy \mkoImc{w ZpKv[
knt\ Xp\m
{]mWm \ncp[y lrZtb kpJam
kuam\x
46. iss\x kpaY\mw IpcymXv {`qat[y\yky
Npjo
j amkaY\m hkv{Xm `mthss\h
{]PmbtX
47. bYm kpjp]vXn _mem\mw
bYm`mhkvXYm `thXv
\ kZmaY\w ikv Xw amtk amtk
kamNtcXv
48. kZm ck\bm tbmKo amw
\ ]cnkw{ItaXv
Ghw ZzmZi hjmt kwknn `hXn
{[phw
49. icotc kIew hnizw ]iyXym m hnt`ZXx
{_mWvtUm bw almamt cmPZtm [z
IpWvUeo. CXn.
Cu hn[n aqp sImw sNbvXm \mv
{_c_nen Fpw AtXmsS hn[n]qw AXns
aY\w Bcw`nWw. Nne aY\w IqSmsX taJco hnZy
sNpp. tJNco a{ knn ssIhnphv C
s\ sNmw. P]c aY\w cpw sNbvXm ^ew thKw
Inpw. a\n\v kznstbm shnbpsStbm
Ccpnstbm In A{K`mKv ]mepsImp \\
\q sIn AXns\ aqn\pn CSWw. ]ns
{]mWs\ lrZbn \ntcm[nv kpJmk\n
IpI ]pcnIn m]nv kmh[m\w aY\w sN
Ww. Bdp amkw Cs\ aY\w sNbvXm ^ew Ip
XpSpw. Atm AXns Ah Ddp amIpw.
a\w \nXyhpw th. amkn Hcp XhW aXn.
As\ \mv IqsSqsS {_ c{n {]thin
pIbpw AcpXv. ]{v sIms A`ymkm
knn ssIhcpw. AtXmsS tbmKn kIe hnizhpw Xs
Dn Ip XpSpw. ImcWw, \mv {_ c{w
hsc t]mIp amnemWv {_mWv Uw nXn
sNpsXv ]dbsSpp.
aqmw A[ymbw
1. taf\a\p {low `w kw ]w ^w kw w
]ZvaP D]mN
Aamhmkym N {]Xn]Zv ]u amko
N ic Akym Im hWytX kwm
GXZmJym ln XXzXx
2. {]Xn]n\tXm Imte Aam hmky
XssY h N
]uW amkymw ncoIpcymZv k N
]m ln \m\yYm
Imta\ hnjbm Imwo hnjbmXv
ImatamlnXmx
Zzmthh kwXytPnXyw \ncRvP\
ap]m{itbXv
A]cw kwXytPXv khw bZot
Zmt\m lnXw
in at[y a\x IrXzm a\x it a[yKx
5. a\km a\ BtemIy Xy tPXv ]caw ]Zw
a\ Gh ln _np Dev]n nXn
ImcWw.
{Kow, `w, kw, ]w, Yw, w, kw, FXmWv taf\
a{w. {_mhv ]dp. tl ic, Aamhmky,
I K
N P
725
{]Xn]Zw ]uamkn, FnhbpsS aqemw Fm
Wv? {]Xn]Zw kqcysbpw Bibw {]ISampp. Aam
hmky kqcyN{mcpsS A`mhw kqNnnpp. a\p
jy Imamk\pw hnjbmev]cyn B{Kl
hnpp. AXn\m ipamb ]cam kw{]m]vXn
v hnjbsbpw Ima\sbbpw Dt]nv B[ym\
\ncX\mbncnWw. lntXNvp ap anYymhnjbfpw
ssI shSnbWw. [ym\n a\pdnWw. a\p
sImv a\ns\ Ipw Adnp. AXns\ XyPnp
XmWv ]ca]Zw. Dev]n nXnIfpsS {][m\ _np
a\p Xs.
6. a\tkmev]cytX _np bYmocw
LrXmIw
\ N _\ a[yw XssZz ImcWam\kw
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_\m
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hmbpw N [yKw
8. nXzm ku ss_hmt\ {LmW ct{
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hmbpw _npw kamJymXw kXzw
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N jjv TIw
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Xp ssewKnIw
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hnipnx IWv Taqte N Bm N{Iw N
akvXIw
s\v ]men \npmIpt]mse Cu _np
a\n \npmIpp. B _nphn bmsXmcp
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a\nsXmWv . kqcy N{mcpsS at[y nXn sNp
inXs _\amIpp. AXn\m Cu cnsbpw
at[ybp kpjpav\sbn m\w t\SnbXn\ptijw
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_np ev ncoIcnv \mknIbn IqSnbp
hmbp \ntcm[nWw. CXp XsbmWv {]mW hmbphpw
_nphpw kXyhpw {]IrXnbpw Fv AdnbsSpXv.
AtXmsSmw kpJmh ssIhcm jSv N{I-
sfnbp Adnhv t\SWw. N{I Xmsg sImSpp
hbmWv aqem[mcw, kzm[njv Tm\w, aWn ]qcIw,
A\mlXw, hnipn, B aqem[mcns m\w
KpZamWv. AXn\p apIfn enwKn\p kao]amWv.
kzm[njvTm\ns m\w. aWn]qcIw \m`nbnepw
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BmN{Iw akvXInepw nXnsNpp.
12. jSv N{ImWn ]cnm Xzm {]hntiXv
kpJaWv Ute
{]hntiXv hmbpamIjy XssYthm[zw
\ntbmPtbXv
13. Ghw ka`ytkXv hmbpw k {_mWv U
atbm`thXv
hmbp _pw XYm N{Iw Nnw ssNh
ka`ytkXv
hmbp _pw XYm N{Iw Nnw ssNh
ka`ytkXv
14. kam[n tNtI\ kaw AarXw bmn
tbmKn\x
bYm n Zmcp a[ytm t\mn
jvtTY\w hn\m
15. hn\m Nm`ymk tbmtK\ m\
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{]ImitX
16. `nt Xkvan LtSssNh Zo] Pzmem
N `mktX
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ln XXv ]Zw
17. KpcphmIy kam`nt {_ m\w
kv^pSn `thXv
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Xcn N
Fm N{Isfbpw ]nbp m\w e`nXn
\ptijw kpaWvUeamIp kl{k ZfIaen
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nXn sNWw. As\ {]mWm`ymkw sNbv Xm
{_mWv U nXamb {]mW hmbp _np N{Iw Nnw
Fnh tht]mse A`yknv tbmKnam sFIyam
Ip kam[nhsc Fntcpp. acn\Iv Xobp
snepw ]ckv ]cw Dcbv msX AXv ]pdp hcn.
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inn. IpSn\pnse hnfn\v IpSw s]mnmte
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amIp IpSn\pn shnp {_sa Zo]n
s {]Imiw Kpcp]tZim Cu IpSw t`ZnmsX
shfnbn hcn. IcImWm Cu kap{Zw Asc IS
I K
N P
726
m\p D]bmn\v KpcphmIp Inms\ B{ibn
Ww.
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{]t_m[Ix
tkm lakv]oXn \nnXy bx kZm
htXm ]pam.
21. i_vssZcpmh ssN \o ssNx `mjo
tXm ]n \ en]ytX
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tX{XbZpx
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tX {Xbmx
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pp. ]iynbn AXn\v cp `mKapv. a[yabn
]pjv]npp. sshJcnbn hnImkw {]m]npp. Cu
hn[nb\pkcnv hmWn Bhn`hnpXpt]mse hntem
aa\pkcnv AkvXanpp. hmKv t_m[w Dmp
h Asn ]caamb tZh Rm Xs Fv
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{]m]npp.
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PmbtX
XXx kvXnanX Kw`ocw \ tXtPm
\ XakkvXXx
25. A\mJya\ `nhyw kXv InnZh injytX
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26. AwKpjvT am{Xamm\w A[qa
tPymXn cq]Iw
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a hybw
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ambbm tamlnXx ]mv
_lpPmtc ]p\x
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tIm lw IYabw tZmjx kwkmcmJy
D]mKXx
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Iz KXnaa
CXn Nnm]tcm `qXzm kz`mkm N hntijXx
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Ah ]cammhn ebnpXn\m {_
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B Ahyb cq]s [ym\nWw. Bmhv AXns
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p Anbn ]nsv FcnSpXpt]mse
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tW\ Xp
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I K
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cmartX kvXp bx
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IrXIrXyhm
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XY ckw \nXyaKh bXv
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Ah [\y\pw IrXIrXy\pamWv . Ahs Ana
kabw hcptm Ah Pohpnbn \npw
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t]mIpXpt]msebmbncnpw Ahs Ayw.
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tX abn kp. Hmw imnx imnx imnx
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I ssIhcs. Hmw imnx imnx imnx
1. tbmKNqUmaWnw htytbmKn\mw
lnXImaybm ssIhey knnZw KqVw
tkhnXw tbmKhnssax
2. Bk\w {]mWkwtcm[x {]Xymlmc
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thyma ]Iw
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N jUv Zew
5. \m`u ZiZfw ]w lrZtb ZzmZimcIw I
tjmUimcw hnipmJyw {`qat[y
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tbmKnIv lnXw \IWsa DtZim Rm
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tbmKNqUmaWn D]\njv
1
3
I K
N P
728
n Bdp ZftfmSp IqSnbXpw \mZnbn ]p Zf
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6. kl{kZekwJymXw {_]vac{
alm ]Yn I
B[mcw {]Yaw N{Iw kzm[njv Tm\w
ZznXobIw
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ImamJyw Xp KpZmt\ ]Pw Xp
NXp Zfw
8. Xt[y t{]mNytX tbm\oxImamJym
kn hnXmI
Xky at[y almenwKw ]nam`napJw
nXw
9. \m`u Xp aWnhZv _nw_w tbm
P\mXnk tbmKhnXvI
X]vX NmaoIcm`mkw X UnttJh
hnkv]pcXv
10. {XntImWw, XXv]cw hlt\ct[m ta{UmXv
{]Xnjv TnXm I
kam[u ]caw tPymXnc\w hniztXmapJw
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ZfIaew nXnsNpp. BZy N{Iw aqem[mchpw
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\v cn\pw at[y nXnsNpp. BZy N{Iw
aqem[mchpw ZznXob N{Iw kzm[njvTm\hpamIpp. CXv
tbm\nm\v cn\pw at[y nXnsNpp. CXv
tbm\nm\v cn\pw aty nXnsNpp. CXn
s\ Imacq]sav ]dbpp.Imasa Cu NXpZfIaew
KpZns m\mWv.AXns a[yn knm
hnp Imaw F tbm\n nXnsNpp. CXns
a[yn ]nam`napJamb almenwKamWv. \m`nbn
aWnbpsS BIrXnbnepff \mUn Adnbph\mWv tbmKn.
]gpn kzwt]mse {]IminpXpw an]nWcn
s\mXpamb {XntImWbpXamb AnbpsS m\w
ta{Un\v XmsgbmWv. AhnsS hniztXmapJhpw A\
hpamb tPymXnp kam[nbn \nesImffpp.
11. Xkvan ZrjvtS almtbmtK bmXm
bmtXm \ hnZytX I
kzi_vtZ\ `thXv {]mWx kzm[njv Tm\w
XZm{ibw
12. kzm[njvTm\m{ibmZkv am ta{U
ta hm`n[obtXI
Xp\m aWnhXv t{]mXm tbm {X Ix
kpjpav\bm
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aWn]qcIw I
ZzmZimtc almNt{I ]pWy]m] hnhntX
14. XmhXvPohm {`atXyhm bmhXv
XXzw \ hnXn I
Du[zw taVmZt[m \mt`x It tbm\nx
JKmWv UhXv
15. X{X \mUyx kapXv]m kl {kmWmw
Zznk]vXXnx I
tXjp\mUo klt{kjp Zznk]vXXn
cpZmlrXmx
tbmKm`ymk\neqsS AXv ImWm Ignm
P\\acWmZnI DmhpIbn. "kz' F {]mW
kzm[njvTXs B{ibnXmWv kzm[njvT\m{inXamI
bm AXns\ sa{Vsav ]dbpp. \qen sImcp
aWn t]mepff kpjpav\m \mUnbpsS tI{w CXmWv.
\m`ntI{nXamb Cu N{Is aWn]qcsav ]dbpp.
ZzmZiZfbpXhpw ]m]]pWyclnXhpamb Cu N{In
XXzm\w knnmXncnpnStmfw Imew Poh\v
{]]n NpndWw. ta{Vn\papIfn
\m`np Xmsgbpff tI{n ]napbpsS BIrXn
bpff tbm\nbpv. ChnsS \npw Fgp]ocmbncw
\mUnI D`hnpp. Ahbn Fgp]ncp
\mUnI {][m\fmWv.
16. {][m\m {]mW hmlnt\ym
`qbkvXmkp ZikvarXmx I
CUm N ]nwKem ssNh kpjpav\m
N XrXobKm
17. Kmmco lkvXn Pnlzm N ]qjm ssNh
bikzn\n
Aew_pkm Iplqssh iwJn\o
Ziao kvarXm
18. GXmUo alm N{Iw mXhyw
tbmKn `nx kZm
CUm hmta nXm `mtK ZntW
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19. kpjpav\m a[ytZti Xp Kmmco
hma Npjo I
ZntW lkvXn Pnlzm N ]qjm It
N ZntW
20. bikzn\o hma It N B\t\
Nm]yew_pkm
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Xp iwJn\o
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I K
N P
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B ]v \mUnI. Cu \mUoaKmN{Is tbmKnI
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kapJpw Iplp enwKnepw iwJn\n aqem\pw
\nesImffpp.
21. Ghw Zzmcw kam{inXy XnjvTt
\mUbx {IamXv I
CUm ]nwKem kujpav\x {]mWamt
N kwnXmx
22. kXXw {]mWhmln\yx tkma kqcym
ntZhXm.
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N hbhx
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Ztm [\RvPbx
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KpZaWv Ute
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hmbhx I
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XYm I
IrIcx XvItcmttbm tZhZtm
hnPrw`Wx
icocnse hnhn[ Zzmcfn Hmtcmnepw Fm
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aqpw {]mW amnemWv. kqcy, N{, An
Fo tZhm kZm {]mWhmlnIfmWv . {]mW, A]m
\,kam\,hym\, DZm\, \mKw, Iqw, IrIcw ,
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amWv. {]mWhmbp lyZbnepw A]m\ KpZnepw
kam\ \m`nbnepw DZm\ IWv Unepw hym\
khicocnepw nXn sNpp. ChbpamWv
{][m\ hmbp DZvKmcn \mKhpw Doe\n
\mKhpw Doe\n Iqhpw Xpen IrIchpw
tImphmbn tZhZhpamWv .
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[\Rv Pbx I
GtX \mUojp khmkp {`at
PohPhx
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aXn IpIx I
{]mWm]m\kamn]vX kvXYm Po thm \
Xnjv TXn
28. {]mWm]m\htim Pothmly [tm [zw
N [mhXn I
hmaZnWamm`ymw NeXzm ZyiytX
29. \p_tmbYmtiyt\m KtXm ]ym
Iy jytX]p\x I
KpW _kvXYm Pohx {]mWm]mt\\
IjXn
30. {]mWm]m\htim Pothmly[
tm[zw NKXn
A]m\x IjXn {]mWw {]mtWm ]m\w
N IjXn. I
Du[zm[kwnXmthXu tbm Pm\mXn
k tbmKhnXv
khhym]nbmb [\RvPbw F hmbp acWti
jhpw icocw hnpt]mIpn. kh \mUnIfn IqSn
bpw Poh {`aWw sNpp. Fdnbs hkvXp t]mse
{]mWm]m\ hmbfpsS thKn ncambn HcnSv
\nmXncnpp. {]mW aIfntepw Xmtgbvpw
CSXpw heXpw amfnepw hp t]mbpw Ccnppv.
Fm KXnthKn AXv Zyiya. IdpsImv
_ns ]cpns\tmse {]mW apIfntepw
Xmtgpw hpw t]mbpancnppv. A]m\ {]mW
s\bpw {]mW A]m\s\bpw BIjnpp. tbmK
imkv{Xadnbph {]mWs Cu Du[z[x Ka\w
Idnbp.
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hntiXv ]p\x I
lwklwtkXy apw a{w Pothm
P]Xn khZm
32. jSv iXm\n Znhmcm{Xu kl {kmtWyI
hnwtiXnx I
GXXv kwJym\zXw a{w Pothm P]Xn
khZm
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Akym kev]amt{XW kh
]mss]x {]apNytX
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P]x I
A\bm kZriw m\w \ `qXw \ `hnjyXn
35. IpWv Uen\ymw kapZv `qXm Kmb{Xo
{]mW[mcnWo I
{]mWhnZym IpWvUen\o bkvXmw
thn kthZhnXv
Cu Poh lImc [z\nbn _lo KampIbpw
kImc [z\nbn A KanpIbpw sNpp. Cs\
I K
N P
730
Hcp cm]Ien 21500 a{w kZm P]npsImncnpp
AP]mKmb{Xn FmWXn\v t]cv. CXv tbmKnIv
tam{]Zhpw kev ]m Xs ]m]hntamNI
hpamWv. CXn\p Xpeyambn Hpan. IpWvUen\nbn
\np kapZv`qXamb Cu Kmb{Xn {]mWhnZybpw almhn
ZybpamWv. CXcnbph thZ\s{X.
36. Itmt[z IpWv Ueoin cjvS[m
IpWvU emIrXnx I
{_Zzmc apJw \nXyw aptJ\mZy XnjvTXn.
37. tb\ ZzmtcW Khpw {_Zzmca\mabw I
aptJ\mmZy XZvZzmcw {]kvXpX ]ctaizco
38. {]_pm hntbmtK\ a\km acpXm
kl I
kpNohZv Km{XamZmb {hPXyqyw
kpjpav\bm
39. DZvLmStbXv IhmSw Xp bYm
IpnIbm Krlw I
IpWv Uen\ym XYm tbmKo tamZzmcw
{]t`ZtbXv
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[ym\w N XtjvSnXw hmcw hmca]m\ aq[za
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ss]Xn t_m[aXpew in {]`mhmcx
Ins apIfn IpWvUnen\o imn AjvS
IpWvUen\o imn AjvSIpWvUefn hy]cnv
AhnsSs {_s BhcWw sNbvXv kZm nXn
sNpp. GsXmcp {_c{n IqSnbmtWm
{]bmkw hn\m t]mtIn hcpXv Bc{w. apJw
sImp adv kZm Cu ]ctaizco in kpjp]vXnbn
Bncnpp. AXv hn tbmKn DWv a\pw
{]mW\psamw kpjp]v \bn IqSn kqNn t]mse
apIfntev t]mIpp. Xmtm sImv hmXn
XpdpXpt]mse tbmKn IpWv Uen\o iym
tamIhmSw t`ZnWw. cp ssIIsfbpw kwLSn
Xamn ZrVambn ]Zvamk\nencpv XmSn s\tmSv
tNv {_ [y\tSv hopw hopw hmbp apIfn
tev henpIbpw ]ns shfnbntev hnSpIbpw
thWw. Cs\ sNbvXm a\pjy hntijm Hcp
in A\p`hsSpXmWv.
41. AwK\mw a\w IrXym{iakwPmX
hmcnWm I
ISzehW XyKn oct`mP\amNtcXv
42. {_Nmco anXlmco tbmKo tbmK
]cnbmWx I
A_vZmZp[zw `thXv kntm \m{X
Imcym hnNmcWm
43. kpkv \nKv[a[pcmlmcXpmwi
hnhPnXx
`pRv PtX inhkw{]oXym anXmlmco
k DNytX
44. Itmt[z IpWv Ueo incjvS[m
IpWv U emIrXn I
_\mb N aqVm\mw tbmKn\mw tam
Zm kZm
45. almap{Zmw \t`map{Zmw HmUymWw N
Pecw I
aqe_w N tbm thn k tbmKo
apn `mP\w
A`ymkm hnbpmbm AwK anv
Ibv ]v , ]pfn, Dv, Fnh Ie Blmc km[\apt]
n ocmw `nWw. {_Nmcnbpw anXmlm
cnbpw tbmK]cmbW\pamb tbmKn Hcp hjn\Iw
Xs knn {]m]npw FXn kwiban. kv \nKv[
a[pcamb Blmcw IgnWw. hbdns \mensemcp
`mKw HgnnSWw. inh {]oXntbmsS Blmcw Ignp
hs\ anXmlmcnsbv ]dbpp. IcpnsapIfnepff
Ajv SIpWv Ue klnXamb IWv Uen\o in aqV
mv _\{]Zhpw tbmKnIv tam {]Zhpam
Ip Xt]map{Z, DUymWw, Pe[c_w,aqe_w
Fnh Adnbp tbmKn apnv Al\mWv.
46. ]mjWnLmtX\ kw]oUy tbm\n
amIptbXv ZrVw I
A]m\aq[zmamIrjy aqe_tm
ho[obtX
47. A]m\{]mWtbmsscIyw
bmq{X]qcojtbmx I
bphm `hXn hrtm f kXXw aqe
_\mXv
48. HUymWw IcptX bkvamZhn{imw
almJK I
HmnbmWw XtZhkym arXyp
amXwKtIkco
49. DZcmXv ]naw XmW at[m\mt`
\nKZytX I
HmUyWapZtc _kvX{X _tm
hn[obtX
50. _[v\mXn ln intcmPmXat[mKman
\t`mPew I
I K
N P
731
XtXm Pmetcm _x IWvT
ZpxJu L\mi\x
inbn DqnsIman tbm\n m\w ZrV
ambn ktmNnnv A]m\hmbphns\ apIfntebv mI
jnm AXv aqe_amWv . Cu {Inbbm {]mW]m\
hmbp HmbnocpIbpw aeaq{X IpdbpIbpw
sNpp. Cu aqe_w A`yknp hyn hr
\msWnepw bphmhmbnocpp. arXyphmIp B\
bvv knwlw t]msebmWv DUymbWm`ymkw. DZcn
\nv \m`np Xmtgmv \op ]w AXv ]nbXm\
amWv. Dnbm\_hw DZcn Xs sNWw.
At[m{ianbmb \`ehpw PeXXzhpw incn
Xs ncambn shm Pec_ambn. CXv ZpxJ
timZn\miIamWv .
51. Pmetc IrtX _t IWvT ktmN
etW I
\ ]obqjw ]XXyu X N hmbp {][mhXn
52. I]meIpltc Pnlzm {]hnjvSm
hn]coXKm I
tiNco {ZpthmcKXm ZrjvSnap{Zm `hXn
53. \ tcmtKm acWw Xky \ \n{Zm a p
[m Xrjm I
\ N aqOm `thky tbm ap{Zmw
thn tJNcnw
54. ]oUntX \ NtcmtKW en]ytX \
k I`nx I
_[ytX \ N tI\m]n tbm ap{Zmw
thn tJNcnw
55. Nnw NcXn tJ bkvamnlzm NcXn
tJ bXx
tXt\bw tJNco ap{Zm khkn
\akv IrXm
Pm\c _w sNptm IWvTw ktmNnn
pXn\m AarXw Anbn ]Xnpn. hmbp
Nenpn. \mv hn]coXamn I]meIplcn
{]thinnpIbpw cp ]pcnIpw at[y ZrjvSn
DdnpIbpw sNbvXm AXv tJNco ap{ZbmWv . AXp
sNbvXm tcmKtam, acWtam, hnitm, Zmltam Dm
In. tJNcoap{Z A`yknnpffh\v t_m[tSn;
tcmKnbmIn. AXv Adnh\v {]Xn_ Dm
In. AXns km[\bm Nnhpw Pnlzhpw BIm
in kcnpp; knmcpw B ap{Zsb \akv
cnpp.
56. _npaqe icocmWn inckv X{X
{]XnjvTnXmx I
`mhbo icocmWn B ]mZXe akvXIw
57. tJNcy ap{ZnXw tb\ hnhcw
ew_n tImzXx I
\ Xky obtX _npx Iman\ymenwKn
Xky N
58. bmhXv _np ntXm tZtl XmhpXyp `bw
IpXx bmhXv _m \t`m ap{Zm XmhXv
_np\ KXn
59. PzentXm f ]n bYm _npx kw{]m]vX
lpXmi\w
{hPXyp [zmwKXx iym \ncptm
tbm\n ap{Ztbm
60. k]q\ hnhnt[m _npx ]mWv Utcm
temlnkvXYm
]mWvUcw ipanXymlq temln
XmJymw Pyw almcPx
]mZw apX incphscbpff khmwKsfbpw
t]mjnnp kncpIsmw B[mcw _nphmWv .
tJNcnap{Zbm \mn\p apIfn I]me Iplcw _n
phs hocyw \jv SsSpn. kv{XobpsS BenwK\
mepw \jvSsSn. tZln hocyapffnStmfw
Imew arXyp `bw th. tJNcn ap{Zm _ambncnpnS
tmfw Imew _np (hocyw) \jvSsSn. _np
\nKanp AnXXzs {]m]nmepw tbm\nap{Zbm
AXv XSp \ndpn Du[zKmanbmmhpXmWv.
_np cp hn[apv. Hp shfpXv, atXv NpaXv.
shfp\ndapffXns t]cv ipsapw Npa \ndap
XntXv almcPv FpamWv .
61. knqc {hmXkmiwchnm\nXw cPx
iinm\nXw ipw XtbmsscIyw
kpZpe`m
62. _npx {_m cPx inx _ncnp cmtPm
chnx D`tbmxk kwKamtZh {]m]ytX
]caw ]Zw.
63. hmbp\m inthtK\ t{]cnXw N bYm cPx
bmXn _npx kssZhXzw `thZv
Znhyh]pkv XZm
64. ipw Nt{W kwbpw cPx kqtcyW
kwKXw I
Xtbmx kacsskIXzw tbm Pm\mXn
ktbmKhnXv
65. tim[\w \mUoPmeky Nme\w
N{kqcytbmx I
ckm\mw timjWw ssNh almap{Z`obtX.
knqcw t]mse {]Iminp chnm\amWv cP
ns m\w. ipns m\w N{\mWv cns
I K
N P
732
bpw kwtbmKw ITn\amWv . _np {_mhpw cPv
inbpa{X. _np N{\pw cPv kqcy\pamWv. cn
sbpw kwKam ]ca{]m]vXn ssIhcpw. hmbp\oX
amb cPv _nphpambn kwtbmPnv Hmbnocp
tm tZlw Znhyambn `hnpp. ipw N{t\mSpw
cPv kqcyt\mSpw tNncnpp. ChcpsS sFIyw
Adnbph\mWv tbmKhnv C\n \mUo Pmetim
[\bpw N{kqcymcpsS Ne\w cktimjWw Ch
kw`hnp almap{Zsbn ]dbpp.
66. htm\yky l\p x { ]]oUy kp Nn cw
tbm\nw N hmamw{LnWm lkvXm`ymk\p[mcb
{]kcnXw ]mZw XYmZnWw. B]pcy izkt\\
InbpKfw _zm iss\x tcNtb GXZv hym[n
hn\min\n kyalXo ap{Zm \rWmw t{]mNytX.
XmSn s\tmSp tNp shv CSXpImep sImv
tbm\nm\s hfsc t\cw Aan sh heXp
Im t\sc \on cp ssII sImpw ]nSnWw.
]ns Ccp ]mizfnepw izmkw \ndv kmh[m\w
tcNIw sNWw. CXv alpw khtcmKfpw AIp
Xpamb almap{ZbmWv .
67. N{mwti\ ka`yky kqcymwti\m`y
tkXv ]p\x I
bm XpeymXp `thXv kwJym XtXm ap{Zmw
hnk PtbXv
68. \ln]Yya]Yyw hm ckm kth]n
\ockmx I
AXnapw hnjw tLmcw ]obpj
anh PocytX
69. b IpjvT KpZm h KpevamPo
]ptcmKamx I
Xky tcmKmx bw bmn almap{Zmw Xptbm f
`ytkXv
70. IYnXm f bw almap{Zm
almknmIn\rWmw I
tKm]\obm {]bXvt\\ \ tZbm
bkyIkyNnXv
BZyw CSs \mkmc{n IqSn A`ykn
Ww. ]ns hes \mkmc{n IqSn. cns
bpwkwJy XpeyamIptm A`ymkw \ndpmw. CXp
ap{ZbpsS {]`mhm GXp Xcw `Whpw lrZyambn
ocpp. Xo{hhnjhpw AarXw t]mse Zlnpw. bw,
IpjvTw, `Kcw, Kpeam, APow F ktcmK
fpw alm ap{ZbpsS A`ymkw sImv ianpp.
almknn {]Zm\w sNp Cu almap{Zsbn tKm]y
ambn shWw. In Ihv ]dp sImSp
cpXv .
71. ]mk\w kamcply kaImbintcm[cx
\mkm{KZrjv SntcImt P]tZmwImahybw
GIm ev ]mk\nencpv \nh
ncpv icochpw incpw t\scbmn. \mknIm{Kn
ZrjvSn Ddnv Ahybamb Hmlv Imcw P]nWw.
72. Hmw \nXyw, ipw, _pw, \nhnIev ]w,
\n cRv P\w, \ncmJymXw, A\mZn \n [\taIw
Xpcobw bZv `qXw `hZv . `hnjyXv ]cnham\w
khZm A\hnw ]cw{_w XkvammXm
]cminx kzbw tPymXncmnIm Atcm]x
AZv `ym ]rYnhn. tXjmw ]`qXm\mw ]Xbx ]
kZmin thizccp{Z hn jv Wp {_mWtXn .
tXjmw {_hnjv Wp cp{ZmmNv ]n n
Xneb Imc cmPtkm {_m kmXzntIm
hnjv Wp kv Xmatkm cp{Z CXn. GtX {Xtbm
KpWbpmx {_mtZhm\mw {]Yax kw_`qhx
[mXm N krjvSu hnjvWp nXu cp{Z
\mtit`mKmb N{x {]YaPmx _`qhpwx GtXjmw
{_mtWm temIm tZhXncyv \c mhcm
Pmbt I tXjmw a\pjymZo\mw ]`qXka
hmbx icocw I m\hnjssb. {]mWmZn]
hbbpw at\m_n n Nn lmsscx qe
Iev]nssX tkm f ]n qe{]IrXncnXypNtX.
m\ It{ n ssb m\ hn jssb
{]mWmZn ]hmbp at\m _pn`n kqv a
t f ]n enwKtath Xyp NytX. KptWm{Xb
bpw ImcWw kthjmtahw {XoWnicocmWn
hnt. P{KXv kz]v \ kpjp]vXnXpcotXy
hmX{kxk Xmkma akv Ymama[n ]Xb
Xzmcx ]pcpjmx hnizssXPk{]mmtXn.
hntiz mln qe `qv \nXyw ssXPkx {]-
hnhn `pIv B\ `pIv XYm {]mx kh
kmoXyXx ]cx
\nXyhpw, ip hpw, _phpw, \nhnImhpw,
\nRvP\hpw, \malnXhpw, A\mZnbpw, arXypkzcq]hpw,
GIhpw, Xpcob\pw, `qX`hnjy ham\ Imefnepw
Ahnncq]\pw Bb ]{_n \npw kzbw
tPymXn cq]nWnbmb ]cminbpmbn. Bmhn
\nv BImiw Dmbn. BImin \nv hmbp;
hmbphn \nv An; Anbn \nv Pew, Pen
\nv ]rYzn. Cu ]`qXfpsS \mYm kZminh\pw
Cuizc\pw cp{Z\pw hnjv Wphpw {_mhpamWv . {_mhv
krjv Sn ImhmWv . hnjvWp kwcI; cp{Z {]fb
Imhv ; {_mhv ctPmKpWbp\mWv;hnjvWp kXz
KpWbp; cp{Z Xtam KpWbp, {_mhv
tZhmcn {]Ya\mbn P\np. krjvSnm {_mhpw,
cnm hnjvWphpw, kwlcnm cp{Z\pw, t`mK
I K
N P
733
p N{ \p w BZyambn Dhn p . Chcn
{_mhn \np temIhpw, tZhmcpw, XzncypIfpw,
a\pjycpw, mhcfpw Dhnpp. a\pjy icocw
]`qXfpsS kwtbmKmepmIpp. mt\
{ob, It{nb, m\w, hnjbw {]mWmZn
]hmbp a\v , _pn, Nnw, Almcw
Chsbmw pe cq]n kev]nXfmWv. Cu
icochpw qe {]IrXnbptSXmWv. mt\{nbfpw
It{nbfpw m\hpw hnjbhpw ]hmbpfpw
a\v, _pn, Nnw, Almcw Chsbmw qe cq]-
n kev]nXfmWv. Cu icochpw qe {]IrXn
bptSXmWv . mt\{nbfpw, It{nbfpw
m\hpw, hnjbhpw, ]hmbpfpw a\v, _pn
Fnhbpw kqva cq]nenwK Fp ]dbpp.
ImcWw {XnKpWmIamWv . Ghpw aqp icocapv.
Pm{KX, kz]v\w, kpjp]v Xn,Xpcobw Fv \mev Ah
Ifpw Dv. Ahbvsmw A[n]Xnbmbn hnizw,
ssXPkw, {]mw, Bmhv Chbn \mep ]pcpj
mpv.qens t`mmhv hnizhpw GImn
tXv ssXPkhpw B\ntXv {]mhpw BWv.
]c khn\pw kmn cq]amWv.
73. {]WXx khXmXnjvtTXv kh Pothjp
t`mKXmx
A`ncmap khmky hyhmkp
lyt[mapJx
74. BImc DImtcm aImctXn {Xtbm hm
kv {Xtbm tZhm kv {Xtbm KpWm kv {Xo\ym
cmWn Ghw {]Whx {]ImitX {Xbx BImtcm
Pm{ KXn t\t{ X htX khPp jp
kz cmDImc IWv TXx kz ]v t\ aImtcmlrZn
kp]v XnXmx
75. hncmUv hnizx qeImc lncWy K`
sskXPkx kpva DImcx ImcW hymIrXx
{]m aImcx BImtcm cmPmtkm ctm
{_m tNX\ DytX. DImc kmXznIx iptm
hnjv WpcoXym`n[n btX.
kh PohPmefpsSbpw t`mKImev {]Whw
`ncq]n hknpp. AXv Fm AhkvYbnepw
A t[mpJambn A`ncanpp. AImcw DImcw aImcw
ap p w ap p hfp w aq p thZfp w ap p
temIfpw app KpWfpw appAcfpw
appkzcfpw Fmw {]Whw aptJ\ {]Iminpp.
Fmnepw Pm{KZmhbn AImcw t\{Xfn
hknpp. kz]v\mhbn DImcw IWvTnepw
kpjp]vXmhbn aImcw lrZbnepw hkn
pp. BImcw qehpw hncmpw hnizhpamWv . DImcw
lncWyK`hpw, ssXPkhpw, kqv ahpw, aImcw
ImcWhpw, AhymIrXhpw {]mhpamIpp. AImcw
cmPkw, chw {_mhv Fns\ ]dbsSpp.
DImcw kmXznIw iphw hnjvWp Fpw aImcw
Xmakw IrjvWhw cp{Z Fo \mafmepw ]db
sSpp.
76. aImckvXakxIrjvtWm cp{ZtXn
XtYmNytX I
{]WhmXv {]`thm {_m {]WhmXv
{]`thm lcnx
77. {]WhmXv {]`thm cp{Zmx{]Wthm ln
]tcm `thXv
BImtc eobtX{_ DImtc enbtX lcnx
78. aImtc enbtX cp{Zmx {]Wthm ln
{]ImitX I
m\n\m aq[ztKm `qbm Zm t\kym
Zt[mapJx
79. Ghw ssh {]WhkvXn jvtTZykvXyw thZk
thZhnXv I
A\mlX kzcqt]W PmRm\n\
aq[ztKm `hXv.
80. ssXe [mcmamhnNvOnw ZoLL
\n\mZhXv I
{]Whky [z\n kvssXhkvX `{K,
{_ tNmNytX:
{]Whn \npamWv {_mhv, hnjvWp, cp{Z
Fo aqp aqnIfpw DmbXv . {]Whw XsbmWv
]cmXXzw {_mhv AImcnepw hnjvWp DImcnepw
cp{Z aImcnepw hnebw {]m]npp.{]Whw am{X
amWv ncw. AXv m\nIfn Du[zapJambpw
Am\nIfn At[mapJambpw nXnsNpp.
{]Whw am{Xta ncambnsmffq. AXns\ Adnbp
h\mWv thZhnv AXv A\mlX cq]n PvRm\n
Ifn Du[zKXnbmbncnp {]Whns A\ml
X [z\n Ahnn ssXe[mct]msebpw ZoL Lm
\mZw t]msebpw `hnpp. A{K`mKw XsbmWv {_
sap ]dbpXv.
81. tPymXna abw XZ{Kw kzmZhmNyw
_pn kqvaXmx I
`Zrqtcy almmt\m bkv X thZ
kthZ hnXv.
82. Pm{Kt{X Zztbm at[y lwk
Gh {]ImitX I
kImcx tJNco t{]mkvXw]Zw
tNXn \nnXw.
I K
N P
734
83. lImx ]ctaix kzmXv ]Zw tNXn
\nnXw I
kImtcm [zbtX Pp lImtcm ln
`thZv {Zphw.
84. C{nssb h[ytX Poh Bm ssNh
\ _[ytX I
aaXzt\ `thm othm \natXz\ tIhex
85. `q`qhx kzcnta temIm tkmam
kqcymn tZhXmx
bky am{Xmkp XmjvTn XXv]cw
tPymXntcmanXn.
A{K`mKamb {_w tPymXn abhpw AhmNyhp
amWv. almm AXns\ kqva _pnbn ImWpp.
AXdnbphm\mWv thZhnv. Pm{KZmhbn cp
t\{XfpsSbpw at[y lwkw {]Iminpp. AXnse
kImcw tJNcocp]amIpp. lImcw ]ctaizcs ]Z
amWv. kImcs [ym\np Poh \nbambpw
lImccq]amb Cuizc\mbnocpp. C{nb
Pohs\ _ns]Sppp. Ahv
Bmhns\ _nm Ignhn. aaX \nanw
Poh Pohnpp. aaX \jvSsm ssIheykzcq]
ambn `qtemIw `qhtemIw, kztemIw, N{, kqcy,
An, BZnthm Fmw ]catPymXnkzcq]amb Hmwm
cam{XIfn XsbmWv \nesImffpXv .
86. Cm {Inbm XYm m\w {_mo cu{Zo N I
sshjvWho {Xn[mam{XnXn b{X
XXv]cw tPymXn tcmanXn
87. hNkmXt]nXyw h]pjm XXv
ka`ytkXv I
a\km Xt]nXyw XXv]cw tPymXn
tcmanXn
88. ipNn hm]yipNn hm]n tbm Pt]Xv
{]Whw kZm I
k \ en]yXn ]mt]\ ] ]{Xahmw `km
89. Nte hmtX Ntem _nq \nte \ntem
`thXv tbmKo mWp Xzam]v t\mXn XtXm
hmbpw \ncptbXv.
90. bm]Zv hmbpxntX tZtl Xm] othm
\apXn I
acWw Xky \njv {Imn kv XtXm hmbpw
\ncptbXv
Cmin, m\in, {Inbmin Fo
aqpw {_o cu{Zo sshjvWho Fo aqpam{XIfpw
]catPymXn cq]amb Hmwmcn nXn sNpp.
AXns\ hmpsImv kZm P]npIbpw icocw
sIm`yknpIbpw a\psImv P]npIbpw thWw.
AXp Xs ]catPymXnkzcq]amb Hmwmcw. ipmh
bnembmepw Aipmhbnembmepw Hmwmc\ncX
\mbh ]m]ap\mIpp. Xmacbnse Pens
AhbmWh\v hmbp Nenm _np Nenpp.
\neamIptm \neamIpp. _np ncXbm
emW v tbmKn \ne\mIpXv. AXn\m hmbphns\
\ntcm[nWw. tZln hmbp DffnStmfw Imew
Poh\v AXns\ Dt]nms\mn. hmbphns
_lnKa\w Xs acWw. AXn\m hmbphns\ \ntcm
[ntXpv .
91. bmhXv _tm acpXv tZtl XmhXv
Pothm \apXn I
bmhXv ZrjvSn {`pthm a[ym
XmhXvIme`bw IpXx
92. Aev]Ime `bmXv {_ {]mWmbma
]tcm `thXv I
tbmKnt\m ap\b ssh XXx {]mWmn
tcm[tbXv
93. jUv hniZwKpen lwkx {]bmWm
IpcptX _lnx I
hma ZnW amtW {]mWm bmtam
hn[obtX
94. ipn taXn bZm khw \mUoN{Iw
aemIpew I
XssZhPmbtX tbmKo {]mW
kw{KlW ax
95. _ ]mkt\m tbmKo {]mWw
Nt{W ]qctbXv I
[mctbZzm bYm iym `pbxkqtcyW
tcNtbXv .
hmbp tZln nambncnpnStmfw Poh\v
tamN\an. cp ]pcnIfpsSbpw at[y ZrjvSn nc
ambncnpnStmfw Fn\v `bsSWw? Ime\n
\nv ct\Sm {_mhpw {]mWmbman apgpIp
p. AXn\m tbmKnacpw ap\namcpw {]mW\ntcm[w
A`yknWw.lmkw AXmbXv izmkw Ccp]n Bdv
AwKpew _lnKanpp. CSXpw heXpw amn
eqsS {]mWmbmaw sNWw. \mUo N{Iw kIe amen\y
fn apamIptm {]mW\ntcm[\ kaamIpp.
tbmKn ]m\\mbn CSs \mknImc{n
eqsS hmbp Dffn henXn\ptijw AXns\ bYm
iIvXn DffnXs XSp \ndpn he \mknIm
c{n IqSn shfnbntev hnSWw.
I K
N P
735
96. AartXmZ[n kmiw tKmoc[htfm
]aw I
[ymXzm N{akmw _nw_w {]mWmbmta
kpJo `thXv
97. kv^pcXv {]Pme kwPmem ]qPymamZnXy
aWvUew I
[ymXzm lyZn nXw tbmKo
{]mWmbmta kpJn `thXv
98. {]mWw tN Zn X bm ]nt_nb anXw
`qtb \yYm tcNtbXv I
]oXzm ]nwKfbm kaocWatYm
_zm XytPZv hmtatbmx I
kqcyN{ akmct\\ hn[n\m _np
Zzbw [ymbtXx I
ipm \mUnKWm `hnbant hmk
Zzbm Zq[zx
99. btYjvS [mcWw hmtbmc\eky
{]Zo]\w I
\mZm`n hyncmtcmKyw PmbtX \mUn
tim[\mXv
100. {]mtWm tZlntXm bmhZv ]m\w Xp I
\ncptbXv GI izmkabo am{Xm
Du[zt[m Kat\ KXn.
]mS t]msebpw ]iphn ]mep t]msebpw
shfp N{_nw_w [ym\npsImv {]mWmbmaw sN
Ww. AXn\ptijw Pzenp Pzmebvsw lyZb
nX\mb kqcys\ [ym\nv {]mWmbmaw sNWw.
BZyw CUbn izmksaSpp ]nwKfbn IqSn tcNIw
sNbvXv ]nwKfbneqsS izknv CUbn IqSn ]pd
tp hnSWw. Cs\ kqcyN{ _npsf [ym\nv
A`yknm cp amkn\pffn Xs \mUnI
ipamIpw. hmbphns btYjvS{]thiw, PTcmnZo]\w
\mZ {ihWw BtcmKyw Ch \mUntim[\sImv km[y
amIpp. tZln {]mWhmbp \ne\npnStmfw
A]m\s\ \ntcm[nWw. GImizmkbpamb am{X
lyZbmImin apIfnepw Xmsgbpw hpw t]mbpancn
ppv.
101. tcNIx ]qcI ss h Iqw`Ix
{]mWhmXIx I
{]mWmbmtam `thtZhw am{Xm ZzmZikwbpXx
102. am{Xm ZzmZi kwbpu, ZnhmImc \nimIcu
tZmj Pmea_w\ u mXhyu
tbmKn`nx kZm
103. ]qcIw ZzmZiw IqcymXv Ipw`Iw tjmUjx
`thXv
tcNIw ZitNmw Imcx {]mWmbmax
k DNytX
104. {][ta ZzmZimam{Xm a[yta ZznKpWm aXm I
Dta {XnKpWm t{]mm {]mWm
bmaky \nbx
105. A[ta tkzZP\\w Itm `hXn
a[yta Dta I
m\a]vt\mXn XtXm hmbpw \ncptbXv
tcNIw, ]qcIw, Ipw`Iw Ch {]mW kzcq]fmWv .
{]mWmbmaw ZzmZi am{Xbn sNWw. ]{p am{XI
tfmSpIqSnb kqcyN{mcpsS Cu {]mWmbmaw, kakvX
tZmjfpw \innpXmWv. ZzmZi am{Xmbpamb
]qcIw, sNbvXnv ]Xn\mdp am{XItfmSp IqSnb Ipw`Iw
sNWw. CXns\ Hmm {]mWmbmasav ]dbpp.
ZzmZiam{Xmbpamb {]mWmbmaw eLphpw CXns
CnbpffXv a[yahpw aqnnbpffXv DahpamIpp.
eLphmb {]mWmbman hndbepmIpw. Da
{]mWmbman CcnnSn \nv s]mppthm
Fp tXmepmIpp. Cs\ hmbphns\ \ntcm
[ntXpv .
106. _]Zvam kt\m tbmKo \akv IrXy
Kpcpw inhw I
\mkm{K Zrjv SntbImIo {]mWmbmaw
ka`ytkXv .
107. ZzmcmWmw \hkw\ncpy apXw _zm
ZrVm [mcWmw I
\oXzm Imea]mhn klnXw iym
kawNmenXw I
B[ym\bpX kv Xzt\ \ hn[n\m hn\yky
aq[v \n ncw I
bmhnjvTXn XmhtZh alXmw kwtKm\
kwkv XqbtX
108. {]mWmbmtam `thtZhw ]mXtI\
]mhI I
`thmZ[n almtkXp I t{]mNytX
tbmKn`n I kZm
109. Bkt\\ cpPw ln {]mWm bmta\
]mXIw I
hnImcw am\kw tbmKn {]XymlmtcW
apPv NXn.
110. [mcWm`n at\mss[cyw bmXn
ssNX\yaZv `pXw I
kamt[m tamam]vt\mXn Xzzm
I ip`mip`w.
I K
N P
736
kam[\ tam am]v t\mXn Xyzm I ip`m`p`w
]mk\nencppsImv inh\mIp Kpcphns\
\akv IcnWw. ]ns \mknIm{KnZrjvSnbpdnv
GImInbmbn {]mWmbmaw sNWw. \hZzmcsfbpw
\ntcm[nv hmbp ASn ZrVambn in Nme\w sNbvXv
A]m\s\bpw An klnXw IpWvUen\nsbbpw apI
fntev sImpt]mbn B[ym\tmsS AXns\
incn \ndppI. F{X kabw AXv AhnsS
nambncnptm A{Xbpw \XmWv. Cs\bpff
{]mWmbmaw ]m]amIp hndIn\v Anbpw kwkm
ckmKcXcWn\v tkXphpamWv . Bk\w sImv
tcmKm[nIfpw {]mWmbman ]m]hpw ianpp.
tbmKnbpsS am\knI hnImc {]Xymlmcm
ZqcoIrXamIpp.[mcW sImWASv at\mss[cyhpw
kam[nbm ApXmhlamb ssNX\yhpw DmIpp.
As\ tbmKn ip`mip` I hnapIvX\mbn tamw
hcnpp.
111. {]mWmbmaZznjSvtI\ {]Xymlmcx
{]IonXm I
{]XymlmcZznjSvtI\ PmbtX [mcWmip`m
112. [mcWm ZzmZi t{]mw [ym\w tbmK
hnimcss` I
[ym\ ZzmZ ktIss\h kam[n c`n PmbtX
113. bXv kam[u ]cw tPymXn c\w
hniztXm apJw I
Xkvan ZrjvtS {InbmI bmXm
bmtXm \hnZytX
114. kw_mk\ ta{UawLnbpKfw
Imn\mkm ]pS I
ZzmcmZywKpen`n \nbay]h\w ht{W
hm ]pcnXw I
_[zm hkn _lz]m\ klnXw
aq[v\n ncw I
[mctb tZh bmn hntij XXzkaXmw
tbmKoizc kvX\x
{]mWmbmahpw {]Xymlmchpw ]{p XhW
A`yknm ip`amb [mcWbpmIpw ]{p XhW
sNp [mcWsb [ym\w Fv ]dbpp. ]{p
[ym\w sImv kam[nssIhcpw kam[n ssIhm
]catPymXnns A\hniztXm apJ`mhm
{InbmImi KXmKXfn \nv tamN\w e`npp.
Bk\\mbn cp ImepIfpw ta{Um\p
tNp sNhn, Iv , aqv FnhbpsS Zzmc hncep
I sImv_nv hmbphns\ hmbphn IqSn henv
Dffntev sImp t]mIWw. AXns\ A]m\\pambn
tbmPnnv s\n \ntcm[nWw. ]noSv incn
ocoIcnWw. Cs\ AXn tXPns\ ebnnv
tbmKnI ka`mh\tbmsS hntijXXzw {]m]npp.
115. KK\w ]ht\ {]m]vtX [z\n cpXv
]ZytX alm I
LmZo\mw {]mhmZymXmw \mZ
knocpZocnXmx
BImin ImSnptm almb [z\n
DmIpp. aWnbpsSbpw apw i_vZw tIsSpp.
AtXmsSmw \mZ knnbpw ssIhcpp.
116. {]mWmbmta\ bpt\ kh
tcmKtbm `thXv I
{]mWmbma hnbp`yx khtcmK
kapZv `hx
117. lnm ImkkvXYm izmk;incx
Imn thZ\mx I
`hn hnhn[mx tcmKmx ]h\ hyXyb{IamXvx
118. bYm knwtlm KtPm hym{Lx `thZv
hiyx iss\x I
iss\xXssYh tkhntXm hmbp \yYm
ln km[Iw
119. bpw bpw XytPXv hmbpw bpw bpw
{]]qctbXv I
bpw bpw {]_o bmtZhw
knnahm ]m\pbmXv
120. NcXmw NpcmZo\mw hnjtbjp
bYm{Iaw I
bXv {]XymcWw tXjmw {]Xymlmcxk
DNytX.
121. bYm XrXob Imte Xp chn{]XymltcXv
{]`mw I
XrXobmwKntXm tbmKn hnImcw am\kw
ltcXv CXyp]\njXv
kh tcmKfpw {]mWmbmam kpJsSpp.
{]mWmbma clnXambm kIe tcmKfpw ]nSns
Spp. Fn Npa, izmkw, sNhnthZ\, Ip thZ\
XpSnb tcmKp ImcWw hmbp hnImcamWv.
knwlw, B\, hym{Lyw XpSnb Ppsf kmh[m\w
sacpnbm himmw. AXpt]mse hmbphns\bpw
himmw.Asn AXv km[Is acW ImcW
amImw. hmbphns\ bpn]qhw \ntcm[nWw. F
m knn ssIhcp w. hnjb kpJfntep
t]mIp NpcmZnIfmb C{nbsf XSppXmWv
{]Xymlmw. aqmw bman kqc y{]Imiw Ipdph
cpXp t]mse XrXoXmwK\mbn tbmKn at\mhnIm
csf \nb{nWw D]\njv DXvt_m[nnpp.
tbmKNqUmaWn D]\njv kam]np.
I K
N P
737
imn]mTw
Hmw. kl-\m-hXp. kl \u `p\q. kl-
hocyw Ichmhssl. tXPkzn \mh[o-XakvXp. am
hnZzjmhssl. Hmw imnx imnx imnx
]c{_w Rsf cpt]- scbpw Hcpanv cn
s. cp t]scbpw Hcpanv ]cn]mens. R cp
t]cpw Hcpanv IgnhpI t\Ss. R-fpsS A[y-b\w
tXPnkznbmIs. R ]ckv]cw tZzjnmXncns.
Hmw. imnx imnx imnx
1. tbmK- XXzw {]hyman
tbmKn\mw lnX Imaybm
brXzm N ]TnXzm N
kh ]mss] {]apNytX
2. hnjvWp \ma almtbmKo
alm`qtXm alm X]mx
Xzamt bYmZot]m
ZriytX ]pcptjmax
3. Xamcm[y PK- mYw
{]Wn]Xy ]nXmalx
]{]- tbmKXXzw ta
{_pln NmjvSmwK kwbpXw
4. XaphmN lrjo-tItim
hyman irWp XXzXx
kth Pohm kpssJ ZpxssJ
ambm Pmte\ thjvSnXmx
5. tXjmw apnIcw amw
ambm Pme \nIr\w
P- arXyp Pcmhym[n
\mi\w arXyp XmcIw.
Rm tbmKnIfpsS lnXn\pthn tbmK- XXzs
n ]d- bmw. AXp tIpItbm ]TnpItbm sNbvXm
]m]samw \inpw. hnjvWp XsbmWv almtbmKn;
kh`qX- fpsSbpw BZnalm`qXhpw alm X]-kznbpw
Atlw Xs. B ]pcptjm- a XXzamn Zo]w
t]mse {]Iminpp. {_mhv PKmbI\mb hnjvWp
hns\ Bcm[nv \akvIcnv Cs\ ]d- p. ""As-
\nv AjvSmwK- bpamb tbmKw D]-tZinp XcWw''
AXptIv lrjntIi ]dp ""Rm B XXzs
n ]d- bmw. {itbmsS tIpI. kh PohnIfpw
amb -bpsS ambmPme-m _Zv [am-Wv. ambmPmew
XIv Ahv apn amw ImWnpsImSpm\p
Xpw P Pcmhym[nIfn \nsmw tamN\w Inm\p
- Xpambamw CXmWv ''
6. \m\mamsskvXp Zpjv{]m]w
ssIheyw ]caw ]Zw
]XnXm imkv{XPmtejp
{]bm tX\ tamlnXm
7. A\nhmNyw ]Zw hpw
\ iIyw XXv kpsscc]n
kzm{]- Imi cq]w XXv
Inw imkvt{XW {]ImitX
8. \njvIew \new imw
khmXowX \ncmabw
Xtah Pohcpt]W
]pWy ]m] ]ssehrXw
9. ]cam ]Zw \nXyw
XXv IYw PohXmwKXw kh`mh]- ZmXoXw
m\cq]w \ncRvP\w
10. hmcnhXv kv^pcnXw Xkvanw
kvX{Xmlw IrXncp-nXm
]mIa`qXv ]nWvUw
[mXp _w KpWmIw.
ap amw B{i- bnm ssIhey- amIp ]ca]Zw
Inm {]bmk-amWv . hnhn[ imkv{XaX-en IpSpn
m\nIfpsS _pn ]Ibvpp. A\nhN\o-b-amb
B ]Zw tZhmpw hnm {]bmkw kzm{]-
IminXcq]s imkv{Xss\ {]Iminnm
Ignbpw? \njv Ifhpw \nehpw imhpw khmXo-
Xhpw \ncmab-hpamb XXzw XsbmWv Pohcq]- n
]pWym]p-Wy-^-ebpambncn-p-Xv. \nXy\pw `mhm
Xo-X\pw m\ kzcq]nbpw ambmclnX\pamb B]-c
ammhns ]Zw PohnIss\ e`nmw? AXn
sh-ns\m kv ^pcW- apmbn AXn Al-mc
apmbn. ]ns ]- alm`qXamIp [mXphn\m _
amb KpWmI ]nWvUw ]nd-p.
tbmKXtXzm]\njv
1
3
I K
N P
738
11. kpJ- ZpxssJ kambpw
Poh`mh- \bmIpcp
tb\ Pohm`n[m t{]mm
hnipssx ]cam-\n
12. Imat{Im[ `bw Nm]n
taml- tem` atZm cPx
P- arXyp ImWyw
timIkvX{m p[m Xrjzm
13. XrjvWm em `bw ZpxJw
hnjmtZm lj Gh N
G`ntZmssj hn\napxt#
Pohx k tIhtem aXx
14. Xkv amtmj-hn\m-im
ap]mbw IYbman tX
tbmK- lo\w IXw m\w
tamZw `hXn {[phw
15. tbmtKm ln m\lo- \kvXp
\ tam. tam IWn
XkvamXv m\w N tbmKw N
apappZrV-a-`y-tkXv
kpJ ZpxJ- kambp\mbn Poh`mh\tbmsS AXv
sNpI. hnipamb ]cammhn Pohm`n[w F t]cn
\m AXv Adnb-s-Spp. Imaw, t{Im[w, `bw, tamlw,
tem`w, aZw, ctPmKpWw, Pw arXyp ImWyw timIw
X{, hniv, Zmlw, XrjvW, e, `bw, ZpxJw, hnjm
Zw, ljw Fo tZmj- fn\nv hnapambm Poh
"tIhew' Fv Adnb-sSpp. tZmj- Zpco-Icnm
\p D]mbw Rm ]d- bmw. tbmK-hnlo\amb m\w
Fs\ tam- {]Zambnocpw? m\clnXamb tbmKw
sImv tamw {]m]nm km[y- a. AXpsImv apap
p m\hpw tbmKhpw A`ykntXpv.
16. Am\mtZh kwkmtcm
m\mtZh hnapNytX
m\kz- cq]- tahmZu
m\w tssb-Ikm[\w
17. mXw tb\ \nPw cq]w
ssIheyw ]caw ]Zw
\njvImew \new kmmXv
knZm\ cq]Iw
18. Dev]-nn-Xnkwlmc
pn m\hnhPnXw
GXXv m\anXn t{]m
aY tbmKw {_hoan tX
19. tbmtKm ln _lp[m {_
`nZytX hyhlmcXx
a{-tbmtKm eb-ssh
ltTmku cmPtbmKXx
20. Bcw` LSssh
XYm ]cnNbx kvarXx
\njv]-ntXyhm N
kh{X ]cnIonXm
Am\m kwkmchpw m\m kwkm
chnapnbpw `hnpp. BZy-apmbXv m\kzcq]-
amWv. m\m tbw ssIhcpp. GsXmn\m
kzkzcq]- m\w e`npp, AXpXs ssIhey- sa
]ca-]Zhpw \njvIf\neamb knZm\ kzcq]w
Dev]n nXn kwlmc, kv ^pcW- m\w Ch
ssIhcppp. AXp Xs bYm m\w. C\n
tbmKsn ]d- bmw. {_, tbmKn\v hyhlmc
ZrjvSym ]e t`Z-fpapv. a{tbmKw, eb-tbmKw, lT
tbmKw, cmPtbmKw. Cs\ tbmK- n\v \mev Ah
I-fp- s- Xv {]kn- am- Wv . Bcw`w LSw ]cn- Nbw
\njv]n Cs\ \mev AhIfpapv.
21. GtXjmw eWw {_
hty irWp kamkXx
amXr-Im`n-bpXw a{w
ZzmZim_vZw Xp tbm Pt]Xv
22. {ItaW e`tX m\w
AWnamZnKpWm- nXw
Aev]-_pncnaw tbmKw
tkhtX km[Im[ax
23. eb-tbmKneb;
tImSnix ]cnIonXx
KwkvXnjvT P] `pRvP
[ymtb-n-jvI-e-ao-izcw
24. k Gh eb-tbmKx kymXv
lT tbmK- aXx irWp
ba \nb-assh
Bk\w {]mW-kwbax
25. {]Xymlmtcm [mcWm N
[ym\w {`qa[yta lcnw
kam[nx kaXmhm
kmjvSmwtKm tbmK DNytX
Npcpn Rm ChbpsS eWw ]d- bmw. am{X
tbmSp tN a{w Bbncn Ccp\qdp {]mhiyw P]n
I K
N P
739
p- h {ItaW AWna XpSnb Ajv ssS- izcy
knnsb {]m]npp. Fm Aev ] _pnIfmWv
A-s\bp tbmKw sNpXv; Ah km[Im[am
cmWv . Nneb-n\v tbmKsav ]d- bpp. AXv ]ehn
[-nepapv . \Sptmgpw Ccnp- tmgpw Dd-p-
tmgpw Dptmgpw \njvIf-\mb ]cammhns\
[ym\nWw. Ans\bmbm AXv eb-tbmK- amWv. C\n
lT tbmKw baw, \nb- aw, Bk- \w, {]mWmbmaw, {]Xym
lmcw, [mcW, [ym\w, kam[n FnhbmWv AjvSmwK-
tbmKw.
26. almap{Zm alm_tm
almth[ tJNco
Pme Do-bm\
aqe_-kvXssYh N
27. ZoL {]W-hkm\w
knm {ihWw ]cw
ht{Pmfo Nmatcmfo N
kltPmfo {Xn[m aXm
28. GtXjmw eWw {_
{]tXyIw irWp XXzXx
eLzmlmtcm btatjzmtIm
aptJym `hXn t\Xcx
29. Alnwkm \nb-tajzIm
apJym ssh NXpcm\\
knx ]m XYmknwlw `{Zw tNXn
NXp jvTbw
30. {]Yam`y- kImte Xp
hnLv\m kypXp cm\\
Bekyw I\w [q tKmjvTo
a{m-Zn-km-[\w
almap{Z, alm_- w, almth[w, tJNco Pme
c_- w, Do- bm\w, aqe_w, ZoL-{]-W- hkm\w,
]caknm{i- hWw. ht{Pmfn, Aatcmfn, kl-tPmfn,
Fnh aqphn[nep ap{ZIfmWv . {_ Ahbn
Hmtcmnsbpw eWw ]dbmw. bafn Aev]mlmcw
am{XamWv apJyw. \nb-a-fn Alnwkbpw {][m\am
Wv. A`ymkns BZy-L- - n oWw BXva{]
iwk [qkm]w a{ km[\w apXemb hnLv\
DmIpw.
31. [mXpkv{Xo-eu-ey- ImZo\n
arK-XrjvWmabm\n ssh
mXzm kp[o- kvXptPXv khm
hnLv \m ]pWy-{]`mhXx
32. {]mWmbmaw XXxIpcymXv
]mk\KXx kzbw
kptim`\w aTw IpcymXv
kqvaZzmcw Xp \n{hWw.
33. kpjvSbp en]vXw tKma-tb\
kp[bm hm {]b-Xv\Xmx
apssW- i-ssIepssX
hPnXw N {]b-Xv\X
34. Znt\ Znt\ N. krjvSw
kP\ym hnti-jXx
hmknXw N kpK- t\
[p]nXw KpevKpemZn`nx
35. \mXyp{nXw \mXn\oNw
ssNem-Pn-\Iptim-cw
Xt{Xm]- hniy ta[mho
]mk\ ka\znXx
Ima \oIs\ temep]- Xsb arKXrjvW- sbp
IcpXn _pnam\mb km[I Ah ssIshSnb-Ww.
]mk\\mbn {]mWmbmaw A`yknWw. AXn\v
Hcp \ IpSocw sNdnb hmXnepItfmSpIqSnbXpw Zzmc
-sfmpw CmXpambn XoWw. NmWIw sImv
AXp sagpIpI. ap, Nnen XpSnb PohnI Cm
- Xm- bn- cn- - Ww. Znhkw Xqp hrn- bm- - Ww.
KpKpep XpSnb kpK- {Zhy- - fm hmknXamp
I. A[nIw heptXm sNdptXm Am hkv{Xw [cnp
amtmentem Ipimk- \ntem Ccpv ]mk\w ioen
p-I.
36. EPpImbx {]mRvPen
{]W-ta-Znjv S tZhXmw
XtXm ZnW lkvXky
AwKpjvtSss\h ]nwKemw
37. \ncp[y ]pctbZv hmbp
anUbmXp iss\x iss\x
bYmiy hntcmt[\
XXx Ipcym Ipw`-Iw.
38. ]p\kvXy- tPXv ]nwK-ebm
iss\tch \ thKXx
]p\x ]nwK-fbm ]qcy
]pctb-ZpZcw iss\x
39. [mcbnXzm bYmin
tcNtb-ZnUbm iss\x
b bmXy- tPtbm ]qcy [mctb-Zhntcm[Xx
I K
N P
740
40. Pm\p{]ZnWo IrXy
\{ZpXw \ hnfw_nXw
AwKpen-kvt^m-S\w IpcymXv
kmam{X ]cnKo- btX
\nhncpv ssIIqn Cjv StZhs\ \akvIcnv
heXp ssIsImv ]nwK- fsb Aan kmh[m\w
]pcIw sNbvXv \ntcm[nv Ipw`Iw sNpI. ]ns ]nwK-
faptJ\ hmbphns\ km[mcW KXnbn ]pdtv hnS
Ww. ]ns ]nwKfbm hmbphns\ hb-n \ndbvp
I. bYmin [mcWw sNbvXp. CUaptJ\ tcNIw sN
Ww. Cs\ GXp aqnZzmcneqsSbmtWm izkn
Xv AXnIqSn hopw \ndv at aqnZzmcn IqSn
]pd-tp hnpsImancnWw. Gsd ]Xpstbm
Gsd thKntem AmsX hncepsImv apv {]Zo- I
cnpI. B kabs Hcp am{Xsbv ]d-bpp.
41. CUbm hmbp atcm]y
iss\xtjmU-i-am- {Xbm
Ipw`-tbXv ]qcnXm ]m
Xpx jjvTym Xp am{Xbm
42. tcNtbXv ]nwK-fm\mUym
Zzm{Xnwim{Xbm ]p\x
]p\x ]nwK-fbm]pcy
]qhXv kpk-amlnXx
43. {]mXa[y- Znt\ kmb
a-cmt{X N Ipw `Im
iss\cioXn ]cyw
NXphmcw ka`y- tkXv
44. Ghw am{Xm{Xbm`ymkm
mUo ipnkvXtXm `thXv
bZm Xp\mUo ipnx kym
Zm Nnm\n _mlyXx
BZyw CU-bn IqSn ]Xn\mdp am{X hmbphns\ D
ntebvv henv ]ns Adp]- n\mephsc Iw`Iw
sNbvXp ap- ncp hsc ]nK- f\mUnbn IqSn tcNIw
sN-Ww. AXn\ptijw cmw {]mhiyw ]nwKebn
IqSn hmbphns\ henv apnest]mse sNbvXpsIm
ncWw. cmhnsebpw Dbvpw kypw Acm
{Xnbnepw \mep{]mhiyw kmh[m\w F]Xp Ipw`Iw
hsc sN-Ww. Cs\ aqpamks A`ymkm
\mUo-ipn ssIhcpw. km[Is tZln AXns
Nn- fpw ImWmdmIpw.
45. Pmbt tbmKnt\m tZtl
Xm\n hymay tijXx
ico-ceLpXm Zo]vXn
PTcmn hnh\w
46. IriXzw N ico- cky
XZmPmtbX \nn Xw
tbmK- hnLv\I-cm-lmcw
h- tb-tXym-K-hn-ax
47. ehWw kj]w Nm
apjvWw XovWw N cqIw
imIPmXw cmaTmZn
hn kv{Xn ]Ytkh\w
48. {]mXx kv\mt\m ]hmkmZn
Imb-timw hPtbXv
A`ymk Imte {]Yaw
ikvXw ocmPyt`m-P\w
49. tKm[paap-ZvK-imeyw
tbmK- hrnIcw hnZpx
XXx ]cw btYjvSw Xp
iw kymZzmbp[mctW
50. btYjvS [mcWmZzmtbmx
kntXv tIhe Ipw`Ix
tIhte Ipw`tI knt
tcN]p-c- hnhPntX
AtXmsS tbmKnbpsS icocn ImWsSp Nn
]d- bmw. Hv ico-cemLhamWv. AtXmsSmw PT
cmn Xo{hamIpp. icocw \nnamIpw tbmKhnLw
hcpp Blmcw ssIshSnb-Ww. Dv, F, ]pfnv,
NqtSdnb-Xv, cq-Xojv W t`mP\w, Imbw XpSnbh,
kv {Xo kw, A[nIw \SpI, {]mXxkv \m\w, D]-
hmkw XpSnbh hnpI.
A`ymkmcw`n ocmhpw s\bv sImp
t`mP\hpw t{ijvTamWv. tKmXv, Dgpv, Acn`Ww
Fnh tbmK- hrnIcamWv. Cs\ A`ymkw sNbvXm
hmbphns\ btYw [cnm\p in Inpw. hmbp[m
cWw km[nm tIheIpw`Iw knamIpp. Atm
tcNI ]qcI ssIshSnbmw.
51. \ Xky Zpe_w InnXv
{Xnjp temtIjp hnZytX
{]tkztZm PmbtX ]qw
a\w tX\ ImctbXv
I K
N P
741
52. XtXm]n [mcWm-Zzmtbmx
{Ita-ssWh iss\x iss\x
Itm _hXn tZlky
Bk\ ky tZln\x
53. XtXm[nI-Xcm`ymkm
ZpZpco tkz\ PmbtX
bYm N Z Zptcm `mhx
DXvptXymXvXy KXn
54. ]Zvamk\ntXm tbmKo
XYm KXn `qXte
XtXm-[n- IXcm`ymkmXv
`qan-XymK PmbtX
55. ]tamk\ Ghmku
`qan-aprPy htX
AXnam\pj-tN- jv SmZn
XYm kmay- apZv`-thXv
tbmKnv AXn\ptijw aqp temInepw Hpw
Zpe`amhpIbn. A`ymkL- - n DmIp hnbv
tZln anWw. AtXmsS hmbp [cnm\p
in IqSpw. AtXmsS Ccnp km[Is icocw hnd-
bvpp. Ipsd-gnbptm Xhfbvsm tNjvS Dm
Ipw. AXmbXv IpXn- p- Nm- Sp Ahm hnti- jw.
AXnepw D]- cnbmb A`ymk- n Ah `qanbn \nv
s]mm XpSpp. CXpt]mse Aam\pjnI{]- hrn
I sNm\pw Ignbpw.
56. \Zi- tb kmayw
Zi\w hocy hcw
kzev]w hm _lp[m ZpxJw
tbmKo \ hyYtX XZm
57. Aev] aq{X]pco- j
kzev]- \n{Z PmbtX
Ioethm ZpjnImemem tkzZZp- Xm\t\
58. GXm\n khYm Xky
\ Pmbt XXx ]cw
XtXm-[n- IXcm`ymkmXv
_eapXv ]ZytX _lp
59. tb\ `qNc knnx kymXv
`qNcmWmw Ptb-ax
hymt{Lm hm ict`m hm]n
KtPm Khb Gh hm
60. knwtlm hm tbmKn\m tX\
{anbt lkvX XmUnXmx
Iky bYm cq]w
XYm kymZ]n tbmKn\x
]t Xs kmayhpw inbpw ap-hcpsS
apn {]ISnncpXv. kzbw Iv Xs Dmlw
hnnpI. AXn ]ns km[mcW {]bmk-
sfmpw km[I\pmhn. aeaq{X Ipdbpw \n{Z
Npcppw, aqntbm Xptem hnbtm hmbphns ZpK-
tam Ah\pmIn. A`ymkw hnp-tXmsS \
inbpmIpw. Fns\bpw t\cnSm\p in Inpw.
ISph B\ knwlw XpSnb arKfpw tbmKnbpsS
ssIsImp Hcp ASntb-m Npt]mIpw. Ima
s\m kucyhpw DmIpw.
61. X{Zp]- hiKm \mcyx
Imwt Xky kwKaw
bZn kwKw ItcmtXzj
Xky _np tbm `thXv
62. hPbnXzm kv{XnbmxkmKw
Ipcym-`-`ymk-am-Z-cmXv
tbmKnt\mwtK kpK-
PmbtX _np [mcWmXv
63. XtXm cl- kyp]mhnjvSx
{]Whw pXam{Xbm
Pt]Xv ]qhmPnXm\mw Xp
]m]m\mw \mitlXth
64. kh hnLv\ltcm a{x
{]Whx c htZmjlm
Gha-`ymk-tbmtK\ knncmcw`kw-`hm
65. XtXm `thXv cT hm
]h\m`ymk XXv]cm
{]mtWm]mt\m at\m _pn
Pohm ]camt\mx
66. At\ym\y kmhntcmtZ\
GIXm LStX bZm
lSmhtXn km t{]mm
Xnm\n {_ho-aylw
kv {XoI Ahs cq]-m BIrjvScmbn Ah
\pambp kwKaw B{K-lnpshp hcmw. tbmKn kv {Xo
kwKaw sNbvXm Ahs hocyw \jvSs- Spp. AXn
\m kv{XoIsf {inmsX ZrVXtbmsS A`ymk- ]-c
\mIWw. hocy[mcW- m AbmfpsS icocw kpKn
I K
N P
742
XamIpp. Abm GImXbnencpv Xam{Xbn
{]Whw P]nWw. Xqew ]m]w \inp; {]Whw
khhnLv\lmcnbmWv. Cs\ A`ymktbmK-m
knn ssIhcpw hmbp [mcW-m {]mW A]m\
a\v _pn Pohm]camm FnhbpsS ]mc
kv ]- cnXamb sFIyw m]nXamIpp. AXns Nn-
]d- bmw.
67. ]qhw bx IYntXm`ymk
pmwiw ]cn{K-tlXv
Znhm hm bZn hm kmbw
bmaam{Xw ka`y- tkXv
68. GIhmcw {]XnZn\w
IpcymXv tIheIpw`Iw
C{n-bm-Wo- {nbmtt_ym
bXv {]XymlcWw kv^pSw
69. tbmKn Ipw`-Iammb
{]Xymlmc k DNytX
bZyXv ]iyXn Np `ymw
XZmtXn `mhtbXv
70. bZyXv irtWmXn Im`ymw
XZmtXn `mhtbXv
e`tX \mkbm bZr
ZmtXn `mhtbXv
BZyw sNbvXncp A`ymkw ]noSv \mensemv
sNbvXm aXn ]Item cm{Xntbm Hcp bmaw A`ymkw
sN-Ww. Ip`Iw am{Xw {]XnZn\w Hcp {]mhiyw sN-
Ww. Ipw`Iw sNbvXv C{nb-sf AhbpsS hnj- b--
fn\nv {]Xyml- cnWw. CXmWv {]Xymlmcw. Cu
L- n FpImepw GXv tImepw Fv aWn
mepw Ahsbmw B-`mh\tbmsS kzoIcnpI.
71. Pnlzbm b{Zkw lrn
XZmtXn `mhtbXv
XzNm bZyXv kv]ptiXv tbmKo
X ZmtXn `mhtbXv
72. Ghw mt\{nbmWmw Xp
XXv kuJyw kpkm[tbXv
bma-am{Xw {]XnZn\w
tbmKo bXv\mZX{nXx
73. bYmhm Nnkmayw
PmbtX tbmKnt\m {[phw
Zpc{ipXnZpcZrjvSnx
Wm pcmK- akvXYm
74. hmIvknnx Imacq]- Xz
aZriyIcWo XYm ae-aq{X {]tet]\
temlmtZx kzXm `thXv
75. tJ KXnkvXky PmtbX
kXm`ymk tbmKXx
kZm _pnaXm `mhyw
tbmKn\m tbmK kntb
\mn GXp ck- amtWm {K- ln- - s- Sp- Xv
AXns\ B- cq]n `mhnWw. Xzn GsXmv
kv]ins-Spp, AXnepw A- `mhw thWw. Cs\
mt\{nb hnj- b- km[Iw sNbvX Znhkn
Hcp bmaw hsc A`ymkw thWw. am\knIamb Ignhp
Ip ]pdsa km[I\v Zqc{ipXn, ZqcZrjvSn, hmIy-kn
n, Imacq]-[mcW, AZriy\mIm\p Ignhv CsXms
knnpw. AbmfpsS aeaq{Xte]\m Ccpv
kz- amIpas{X. BImi- K- a\w XpSnb knn-Ifpw
DmIpw. _pnam\mb tbmKn {imephmIWw.
76. GtX hnLv\m almknZvt[x
\cta {X _pnam
\ ZitbXv kzkmayw bky Ikym
]ntbmKncmSv
77. bYm aptVm bYm lytm
bYm _[nc Gh hm
XYm htX temIky kzkmay
ky Kp]vXtb
78. injym kzkzImtcjp
{]m- bn \ kwibx
XXv I Ichy{Kx
kzm`ymtk hnkvartXm `thXv
79. AhnkvarXy Kptcm hmIy
a`y- tk Zlmiw
Ghw `thXv lTmhm
kXm `ymk-tbmKXx
80. A\-`ymkhX-ssh
hrYm tKmjvTym \ knymXn
XkvamXv kh-{]b-tX\\
tbmK- tah kZm`y- tkXv
Ch almknnv hnLv\amWv. Adnhp tbmKn
AXn Xmev ]cyw ImcpXv. Ahbn \nsmw Hgnp
amd- Ww. Xs Ignhv {]ZinncpXv. km[mcW-mcs
apn {`mt\m _[nct\m aqIt\m Bbn A`n\bn
mw. Xs IgnhpI tKm]y-ambn shbv Ww. injy-
m At]nmepw hgmsX kZm A`ymk- n \nc
I K
N P
743
\mbncnWw. Cs\ \ncc- amb A`ymk- m lTm
h ssIhcpw A`ymkmte CXv ssI hcpIbp
q. {]kwKw sImv Hpw \Sn. kZm tbmKm`ymk
\ncX\mhpI.
81. XXx ]cnNbmhm
PmbtX `ymk tbmKXx
hmbpx ]cnNntXm bXv\m
Zn\m kln IpWvUeo
82. `mhbnXzm kpjpav\mbmw
{]hn-ti-Z\n-tcm- [Xx
hmbp\m kl Nnw N
{]thin alm]Yw
83. bky Nnw kz]- h\w kpjpav\mw
{]hn-ti-Znl
`qan cmt]m \tem hmbp
cmImitXn ]Ix
84. tbjp ]kp tZhm\mw [mcWm
]-t[m-NytX
]mZmZn Pm\p]- cyw
]rYzn ho m\apNytX
85. ]rYnho NXpc{w N
]oXhw ehIw
]moth hmbpam im]y
eImtc ka\znXx
86. [ymbw-- Xq `pPmIcw
NXph{w lncbw
[mctbXv ]L- SnIw
]rYnho-P-b-am]v\pbmXv
]noSv A`ymk-m ]cnNbw t\Sm Ignbpp.
AXns\ {ianv hmbp klnXw Antbbpw IpWvUen
sbbpw km[Iw sNbvXv `mh\m ]qhw kpjpav\bn
{]th- in- - Ww. Ahn- Ss \ntcm[w Pbnv hmbp
klnXw alm cYn {]thin-Ww. BcpsS Nnw
hmbp klnXw kpjpav\bn {]thinpp. Ah
]rYzn Pew An hmbp BImiw Fo ] alm`q-X
-fmIp tZhmsc Aphn[n [mcWw sNp
p. ]mZw apX apphscbp `mKs ]rYzo- XXzm
\sap ]d- bpp. ]rYzn NXpjvtImWbphpw ]oX
hhpw eImcbphpamIpp. A-s\bp ]rYzo-
XXzn hmbphns\ Btcm]nv eImcn AXns\
tbmPnnv AXn kz- abhpw NXp`pPmImchpw
NXpapJ- hpamb {_s [ym\nWw. Cs\ Ap
L- SnIhsc [ym\nm ]rYzo- XXz hnPbw knnpw.
87. ]rYn ho tbmKtXm arXyp
\ `thZky tbmKn\x
B Pmt\mx ]mbp ]cy
a]mw m\w {]IonXw.
88. Bt]m N{w ipw N
hm_oPw ]cnIonXw
hmcptW hmbpamtcm]y
hImtcW kanXw
89. kvatcmcmbWw tZhw
NXp _mlpw IncnSn\w
ip kv^SnI kmiw
]oX hmkk aNypXw
90. [mctbXv ]L- SnImx
kh ]mss]x {]apNytX
XtXm PemZv `bw \mkvXn
Pte arXyp\ hnZytX
]rYzntbmK{]-`mhm tbmKnv acW- apmhn.
aqSpapX KpZw hscbp `mK-n\v PeXXzm\sav
]d- bpp. AXv AN{mImcn "hm' F _oP
tmSp IqSnbXmWv. Cu PeXXzn hmbphns\ Btcm
]nv "h'sb kaXzbnv NXp _mlphpw Inco-S[mcnbpw
kv^SIn, kmi\pw ]oXmw_- c\pw ANypX\pamb \mcm
b-Ws\ [ym\nWw. Cs\ Ap \nanjw [ym\n
m `K-hm km[Is\ Fm ]m]- fn \npw ap-
\mpw. ]ns Hcp hn[nepw Abmv Pen\n
p `bw DmIpn. Pen Abmv acWw
Dm- In.
91. B]mtbm lrZbmw N hnm\w
{]IonXw
hnkv{XotImw cw N tc^mc kap{Z`hw
92. hl\u Nm\n e am tcm]y tc^mc
kapPzew
{Xnb-cw hcZw cp{Zw XcpWmZnXz kn`w
93. `kvtam qfnX khmwKw kp{]- k
a\pkv ac
[mctbXv ]L- SnIm hn\m ku \ ZlytX
94. \ ZlytX icocw N {]hnjvS kym
n aWvUte
B lrZbmZv {`pthym ayw hmbpm\w
{]IonXw
95. hmbpx jSvtImWIw IrjvWw bImcmc
`mkpcw
amcpXw acpXmw mt\ bImcm-cc `mkpcw
I K
N P
744
96. [mctb-{X kh- ao-izcw hniztXm apJw
[mctbXv ]L- SnIm hmbphXv
thymatKm`thXv.
aeZzmcw apX lrZbw hscbp `mKn\v An
m\w Fp]d- bpp. An {XntImW-bphpw Nph
- \nd- apXpw tc^-bphpamIpp. Anbn hmbp
hns\ Btcm]nv cYs ka\zbnv {Xnt\{X\pw ]c
Z\pw XcpWmZnXy kam\\pw `kva [qfnX khmwK\pw
Bb cp{Z\ A\pkv acnWw. Cs\ ApL- SnI
[ym\n- m Ah An- bm Zln- - s- Sp- I- bn- .
Ip Xobn IqSn \Smepw Ah Zlns- Sn.
lrZbw apX ]pcnIw hscbp m\n\v "hmbp
m-\-sav ]d- bpp. AXv jv StImWhpw Irjv W-
hhpw "b' ImcbphpamWv. hmbp \n bIm
ctmSpIqSn hniztXmJ\pw kh- \pamb Cuizcs\
[ym\nWw. Cs\ Ap\nanjw [ym\nm hmbp
hns\tmse BImi- Nmcnbmbnocmw.
97. acWw \Xp hmtbm `bw `hXn tbmKn\x
B{`p a[ymp aq[m amImi- m\apNytX
98. thymahrw N {[qaw N lImcmc `mkpcw
BImti hmbp amtcm]y lImtcm ]cni- cw
99. _npcq]w almtZhw thymamImcw kZminhw
ipkv^-SnI kmiw [rX _mtep auen\w
100. ]h{bqXw kuayw Zi _mlpw
{XntemN\w
khmbpss[y [rXmImcw khm-`qj-W-
`q-jnXw
101. Dam[ tZlw hcZw khImcW ImcWw
BImi[mcWm Bky tJNcyXzw
`thXv {[phw
A-s\bp tbmKnv hmbphns\ Aev]hpw `b-
s- tSXn. hmbp ImcWw Ah acnn. ]pcnIw
apX aqmhp hscbp `mK- n\v BImiw hrm
Imchpw [qahhpw "l' Imcm {]IminXhpamWv .
BImi- XXzn hmbphns\ Btcm]nv hnjv Wp cq]-
n alm tZh\pw thymamImcn kZm inh\pw ip
kv ^SnIXpey\pw \nae\pw N{Iem[c\pw ]-ap
J\pw kuay\pw Zi-_mlphpw {Xnt\{X\pw khmbp[
[mcnbpw kh`cW`q-jnX\pw ]mXo-Im\pw kh
ImcWpw ImcW- hpamb `K-hm inhs\ BImi-
n [mcWw sNbvXm Xobmbpw BImi- K-a\n
\p Ignhv ssIhcpp.
102. b{X b{X ntXm hym]n kpJ- aXy
ai-ptX
Ghw N [mcWmx ]IpcymXv tbmKo
hnN- Wx
103. XtXm ZrUV- i- cocx kzmrXyp kvXky
\ hnZytX
{_mWmx {]ftb-\mln \ko `Xn almaXnx
104. kKpWw [ym\ taXXv kymZWn amZn
KpW-{]Zw
\nKpW [ym\ bpky kam[o
XtXm`- thXv
A-s\bmbm km[I FhnsSbncpmepw hfsc
kpJ- hm\mbno-cpp. Cs\ Ignhm tbmKn Ap
hn[n [mcWw sN-Ww. Xqew Ahs icocw Zr
V- amIp acW- `bw DmIpn. {_{]- fb-n\p
tijhpw Ah ZpxJnX\mIpn. Bdp \nanjw hsc
Cs\ hmbphns\ \nb{nv BImi- n CjvSknn
\Ip tZhmsc [ym\nWw. kKpW cq] [ym\
m AWnamZn KpW-knn; \nKpW [ym\m kam
[nbpw ssIhcpw.
106. Zn\ ZzmZi tI ss\h kam[nw ka
hm]v\p bmXv
hmbp \ncp[y ta[mhn Pohptm `hyXbw
107 kam[nx kaXmhm Pohm ]camt\mx
bZn kztZl- apXv krjv Snanm tN ZpXv
krtPXv kzbw
108. ]c{_Wn eotbX \XtkymXv{Imn
cnjytX
AY t\m tNXv kapXv krjvS kz icocw
{]nbw bZn
109. khtemtIjp hnlc- WnamZn KpW \znXx
IZmNnXv tkzbm tZthm `qXzm kzt
alo-btX
110. a\pjym hm]n btm hm tkzbm
ho- WmXv `thXv
knwtlm hymtLm KtPm hmiy tkzmbm
_lpXmanbmXv
tbmKw Adnbp km[I ]{v Znhkp
n Xs kam[n ssIhcnv Pohp\mIpp.
kam[n Pohm-]camm-fpsS kam-\mhbmWv.
AXn kzio-c- XymKw sN-W- sam{K-l-apsn
As\ sNmw. C-s\- ]-c- am- m- hn ebn- -h\v
hopw P-an. icocw {]nb-amsW- nepw Ah ico-c
n Xs nXnsNbvXv AWnamZnknnapsn
Ftm thW-sanepw kz- n tZh\pamImw. a\p
jyt\m bt\m BIm Ignbpw knwlw, ISph apX
emb- hbpsS cq]- ssIsImm\pw Ignbp- XmWv.
I K
N P
745
111. btYjvStah htX bZzm tbmKo atl- izcx
A`ymkt`ZtXm t`Zmx ^ew Xp ka tah ln
112. ]mjvWow hmaky hmZky- tbm\nmt\
\ntbmP-tbXv
{]kmcy ZnWw ]mZw lkvXm`ymw
[mctbXv ZrVw
113. NnpIw lrZn hn\yky ]qctb-Zzmbp\m]p\x
Ipw`tI\ bYmin [mcbnXzm Xp tcNtbXv
114. hmamwtK\ ka`yky Zmw KuX
tXm`ytkXv
{]kmcnXkvXp. bx ]mZkvX aq{X
]cn\matbXv
115. Ab-tah alm_ DZb-ss{Xh a`y- tkXv
alm_ntXm tbmKo IrXzm
]qcItaI[o
116. hmbp\m KXn amhrXy \nZrXw I-ap{Zbm
]pSZznbw kam{Iay hmbpx pn kXzcw
tbmKnatl-izc ]Zw {]m]nXn\ptijw Csm
hw Ignbmw. CXv A`ymkt`Zw am{Xw ^eZrjvSym cpw
Xpeyw Xs. CSs ]mZns Dqnbm tbm\n
m\aan hes ]mZw \on AXns s]cphnc
cpssIsImpw _en ]nSnWw. XmSn s\tmSp
tNv hmbp Dn\ndv bYmin Iw`Iw sNbvXv
tcNIm hmbp shfnbn hnSWw. Cu A`ymkw CS
Xp`mK-m sNbvXv heXp`mKw sImpw sNpI. AXm
bXv \onbncnp Im tbm\nm\v m]nWw.
CXv ""alm_- \amWv'' cp hn[nepw tbmKn GIm
{K- ambn I- ap{Z aptJ\ hmbp KXn \ntcm[nv cp
aqnZzmcfpw kmNnnm hmbpthKw \nd-bpw.
117. Ab tah almth[x kn ssc`y- kytX
\nic
AxI]mebpIltc Pnlzmw hymhrX
[mctbXv
118. {`qa[y ZrjvSn ct]yjm ap{Zm `hXn tJNco
IWvTamIpWvey lrZb m]-tbZv
ZrV-bm[nbm
119. _tm PmecymtWym bw arXyp
amXw-KtIkco
_tm tb\ kpjva-\mbmw {]mWmkvXpo
btX bXx
120. DUym\m tIymln _tm bw tbmKn`nx
kap- Zm-lrXx
]mjvWn `mtK\ kw]oUy tbm\n
amIptbXv ZrVw
121. A]m\ aq[z apm]y tbm\n
_tmb apNytX
{]mWm]m\u \mZ_np aqe_t\
ssNIXmw
122. KXzm tbmKky k know btXm
\m{X kwibx
IcWo hn]- co-XmJym khhym[n hn\min\n
Cu almth[s kntbmKnI kZm A`y-kn
pp. C\n tJNco ap{Z \mv apIfntemp aSn
I]me-Iplcn m]np. cp ]pcnI-fpsSbpw
at[y Zrjv Sn Dd-nWw. Igpv ktmNnnv ZrV-ambn
s\n m]nm ""Pmec ap{Zbmbn. AXn\v arXyp
amXm-K-tIkcn- sbpw ]d-bpw. CXn-\m _amb
{]mW kpjp- av \- bn {]th- in- p- p. tbmKn- I
AXns\ Do-bm\ _w Fv ]d-bpp. Dqn sImv
tbm\n kv\m\s \t]mse Aan A]m\s\ apI
fntebvv henWw. CXn\v tbm\n _sav ]d- bp
p. Cu hn[n{]Imcw {]mW A]m\ \mZw _np
Fnhbn aqe_w aptJ\ GIo- `mhw ssIhcpp.
CXv tbmK knnIcamWv ASpp]- d- bpXv hn]coX
IcWn F ap{ZsbnbmWv. CXv khhym[n hn\min
\nbmWv.
123. \nXy a`A- bmkbpky PTcmn hnhn\o
Blmtcm _lpekvXky kw]m\y
km[Iky NX
124. Aev]mlmtc bZn `thZn tZlw
ltc Xv WmXv
A[x intcmtm[z ]mZx Ww kymXv
{]Yta Znt\
125. Wm Inn Z[nI a`y- tkp Znt\ Znt\
heo N ]enXw ssNh jamkm
m-Zr- iytX
126. bma-am{Xw Xp tbm \nXy a`y- tkXv k
Xp ImePnXv
ht{Pmfn a`ytk ZykvXp k tbmKo
knn `mP\w
127. e`ytX bZn Xsskyh tbmK- knnx
ItcnXm
AXo- Xm\mKXw thn tJNco N.
`thXv {[phw
\nXyhpw Cu ap{Z km[Iw sNp-hs PTcmn
hn- pw. AXns ^e- ambn km[- I\v A[nIw
Blmcw thn hcpw. Aev ]mlmcw XpSm Abm
I K
N P
746
fpsS tZlw Xs XIcpw. Cu ap{Z A`y-knp BZy-
Znhkw \nanj- t\cw incv Xmsgbpw ]mZw apIfntempw
shbvWw. AXn\ptijw Fm Znhkhpw Hmtcm \nan
jhpw A`ymkw hnnpsImncnWw. A-s\
bmbm Bdp amkn\pn Xs icocnse Npfn
hpI amdpw. XeapSnbpsS \ndw Gdpw {]XnZn\w Hcp
bmaw hsc A`y-knp-h\v Imes\bpw Pbnm
Ignbpw ASpv ht{Pmfnap{Z A`yknp tbmKn AXn
thKw kn\mIpp. tbmKn Cu A`ymkw sNp
]w tbmKknn AbmfpsS ssIbnembncnpw. `qX`
hnjy-p Adnbm Abmv km[npw. BImi-
K-a\n\pw Abmv IgnhpmIpw.
128. Aacow bx ]nt- nXyw \kyw Iph
Znt\-Znt\
ht{Pmfn A`y-kXy aa-tcmfoXn IYytX
129. XtXm `th {Zm PtbmtKm \mcm
`hXn {[phw
bZmXp cmP tbmtK\ \njv]m
tbmKn`nx {IoUm
130. XZm hnthI sshcmKyw PmbtX tbmKn
t\m {[phw
hnjvWp\ma alm tbmKo alm `qtXm
alm X]mx
\nXyhpw Aacn IpSnpIbpw AXp aqn \kyw
sNpIbpw sNbvXv ht{Pmfn km[Iw sNp-hs\ Aa
tcmfo km[Is\v ]dbpp. Ah cmPtbmKnbmsW
Imcyn kwi-b- an. cmPtbmKw ssIhp Ignm
tbmKnv lTtbmK- ns imcocnI{]-{Inb Bhiy- an.
Ah\v ZrVambn hnthIhpw sshcmKyhpw ssIhcpp.
`Khm, almhnjvW- Xs-bmWv. alm `qXkzcq]; AXp
t]mse alm X]- kznbpw
131. XXzamt bYm Zot]m ZriytX ]pcptjmax
bxkvX\x ]qh]oX kvXw \njv]oUy
apZvaiv\p tX
132. bkvamXv PmtXm `KmXv]qhw Xkvan th
`tK-c\p
bm amXm km ]p\ `mcym bm `mcym
amXtc hln
133. bx]nXm k ]p\x]pt{Xm bx]p{Xxk
]p\x ]nXm
Ghw kmc Nt{IW Ip] Nt{I LSm Ch
134. {`at tbm\n Pm\n {ipXzm temIm
kaiv \ptX
{Xtbm temIm kv{Xtbm thZm kv{Xn{kx
kymx kv{Xb kzcmx
135. {Xtbmb {XnKpWm ntXm
kh{X-bmtc
{XbmWma- cmWmw N tbmZ[o-tX
]yacw
]pcptjmas\ XXzam kmcnv hnfp
t]mse kv]jv S-ambn ImWm Ignbpw Cu Poh
At\Iw tbm\nIfn {`aWw sNbvXp a\pjy-tbm\nbn
sepp. Hcp ka-bv IpSn kv X\ss
asmcp kabv anv B\aSbpp GXp tbm\nbn
eqsSbmtWm P\nXv A-s\bp tbm\nbn canp
p. Hcp P-n A-bmbn asmcp P-n `mcy-
bmbno-cpp. `mcymamXmhmIpp. ]nXmhv ]p{X\m
Ipp; ]p{X ]nXmhmIpp Cs\ kwkmc InWn
nse NcSpt]msebmWv PohnI `n-tbm\nIfnhpw
t]mbpancnpp. aqptemIfpw aqp thZfpw aqp
kwJy-Ifpw aqp kzcfpw aqv AnIfpw aqp
KpW-fpw Fmw Xs aqv A- c-fn \ne
sImpp. tbmKnv aq- -cfpw A-chpw
A[yb\w sNt- Xpv.
136. tXu khanZw t{]mXw XXv khw
XXv]cw ]Zw
]pjv]-aty bYm Kx]tbm at[y
bYm LrXw
137. Xne at[y bYm ssXew
]mjmtWjzh Im\w
lrZn mt\ nXw ]Zvaw Xky- h{
at[mapJw
138. Du[z\mfat[m _np kvXky at[y
nXw a\x
AImtc tcNnXw ]apImtcssWh `nZytX
139. aImtc e`tX \mZa am{Xm Xp \nem
ipkv^-SnI kmiw \njvIfw ]m]-\mi\w
140. e`tX tbmK bpmm ]pcpj-kvXXv
]cw]Zw
Iq kz]mWn ]mZmZn incm\n
[mctbXv
14. Ghw ZzmtcjvT kthjvT hmbp ]qcnX tcNnXx
\njnw Xp \h Zzmtcm Du[zw {]mMv
\niz- kw- kv XYm
142. LSat[y bYm Zot]m \nhmXw Ipw`Iw hnZpx
\nj-ss \h`nx Zzmsscx \nPt\ \ncp]-
{Zth \nnXw Xzmamt{XWm hinjv Sw tbmK-
tkhtbXv CXyp]- \njv
kIeXpw AXn Hmcm t{]mXamWv. AXpXs
bmWp kXyw; AXpXsbmWv ]ca]Zw. ]qhn aWw
I K
N P
747
t]msebpw Fn F-sb- - t]m-sebpw ]mdbn
kzsa t]mebpw AXv kIeXnepw hym]nncnp
p. lrZb-Iaens apJw Xmtgmpw AXns \mfw
apIfntempamWv. Xmsg _nphpw AXna\pw nXn
sNpp. AImcn tcNIw sN-s Iaew DImc
n t`ZnsSpp. aImcn \mZw e`npp.
Aam{X\n- ehpw ipkv ^-Sn-Ins\m-Xpam-Wv.
AXv \njvIfhpw ]m]\mi- IhpamWv. Cs\ tbmK
bp-\mb ]pcpj tamw {]m]npp. Ba Xebpw
IcNcW- fpw Dntev henp- Xpwt]mse Fm
Zzmc-fn IqSnbpw \ndbvs- - hmbp \h Zzmc
_n-s-- Xn\m apIfntev t]mIpp. Ip`Iw
Fp ]d-bpXv IpSns a[yn shbvs Zo]-
sa-t]msebmWv. tbmKkm[\bn \hZzmcfpw \ntcm
[n- - s- - Xn\ptijw \nP- \hpw \ncp- ]- {Z- h- hp- amb
ev Bmhp am{Xw _mnbmIpp Fv D]-\n
jpI hyampp.
tbmK-XtXzm]\njv kam]np.
Q
tbmKcmtPm]\njv
1
3
1. tbmK- cmPw {]hyman
tbmKn\mw tbmK kntb
a{ tbm tKm eb-ssh
cmPtbmtKm. lTkvXYm
2. tbmK- -Xp hn[x t{]mtm
tbmKn`nkvXzXz Zin`nx
Bk\w {]mW kwtcmt[m
[ym\w ssNh kam[nPx
3. GXXpjvSbw hnn
kh tbmtK\ kXw
{_ hnjvWp inhmZo\mw
a{w Pm]y hnimcssZx
4. km[ytX a{ tbmKkvXp
hkv Xcm- PmZn`nbYm
IrjvW ssZz]mb-\m-ssZykvXp
km[ntXm eb-kwnXx
5. \htkzh ln Nt{Ijp
ebw IrXzm alm`nx
{]Yaw {_N{Iw kymXv
{Xncmhrw `KmIrXn CXn.
1. tbmKnIfpsS tbmK- knnpthn tbmK- cmPs\
\ncq]Ww sNmw. Cu tbmKw a{w, ebw, cmPw, lTw
Cs\ \memWv . 2. XXz {ZjvSmfmb tbmKnI CXv
\mep{]-Imcnsev ]d-bpp Bk- \w, {]mW- kwtcm
[w, [ym\w kam[n. 3. Fm tbmKnIpw k-Xambn
pXv Cu tbmKsav [cnpI. {_mhv hnjvWp,
inh ChcpsS a{ P]ntXv ChnsS Bhiy-
amWv. 4. hcmP XpSnb-h a{tbmKw knam
nbnpv. hymk XpSnb- h eb- tbmKw knamn.
5. almm \mepN{I-fpsS ebw km[nv tbmK
knn {]m]np. BZys N{Iw `KmIrXn tN- XmWv
AXns\ {_ N{Isav ]d- bpp.
6. A]mt\ aqe ImJyw
Imacq]w N XKpx
XtZh hnIpWvUw kymXv
XXz IpWvUen\o bYm
7. Xw Pohcq]nWw [ymtbXv
tPymXnjv Tw apntl- Xth
kzm[njvTm\w ZznXobw kymXv
N{Iw X- [yKw hnZpx
8. ]am`napJw enwKw
{]hm-fmp-k-n`w
Xt{Xm{Zo- bmW ]otTjp
bymXzm- Ij- tb- - KXv
I K
N P
748
9. XrXobw \m`nN{Iw kym
t[y Xp PKXv nXw
]mhm a[y- inw
Nntb-ZznZmIrXnw
10. Xmw [ymXzm khkno\mw
`mP\w PmbtX _p[x
NXpw lrZbw N{Ip
hntbw XZt[mapJw
6. A]m\ en aqeIw BWv. AXns\ Imacq
]-sav ]d- bpp. AXns\ hnIpWvU-sapw IpWvU
en\n Fpw ]d-bmdpv. 7. `npthn tPymXn kzcq
]- ambn Pohcp]s [ym\nWw. cmas N{Iw
kzm[njvTm\amWv AXv \Sp`mK- mbnmWv. 8. ]nam
`napJy-n Hcp enwK-apv AXv {]hmfns Dn
Apcsa t]mse tim`Ie-XmWv. D{Zo-bmW ]oT
n AXns\ [ym\nv {]]s XntebvmIjn
Ww. 910. aqmatXv \m`nN{IamWv. AXnemWv
kwkmcw \ne- sIm- p- - Xv . Ap hfbw tN
ansmSn t]mse tXPpI-e a[y-i-nsb
NnnWw. m\nv AXns\ [ym\nv Fm knn
Ifpw {]m]nm Ignbpw \memas N{Iw lrZb-n
emWv AXv apJw XmtgmmWv.
11. tPymXn cq]w N Xty
lwkw [ymtbXv {]b-Xv\Xx
Xw [ymXtbm PKZv khw
]iyw kmm{X kwibx
12. ]aw IWvTN{Iw kymXv
t\t{X hmta CUm `thXv
ZntW ]nwKfm tbm
kpjpav\m a[yXx nXm
13. X{X [ymXzm ipNntPymXn
kno\mw `mP\w `thXv
jjvTw N XmcIN{Iw
LnImm\apNytX
14. ZiaZzmcamw XXv
cmPZw N XKpx
X{X iqt\y ebw IrXzm
aptm `hXn \nnXw
15. `qN{Iw k]vXamw hnZymXv
_np m\w N XZznZpx
{`pthmat[y hpfw N
[ymXzm tPymXnx {]apNytX.
11. {]Imi kzcq]-amb lwks ({_- w) CXn\nSbn
tinmsW- nepw [ym\n-Ww. ]c{_- [ym\n-bmb
hynbpsS hin kkmcamsI Ds- SpsaXn
kwi-ban. 12. AmatXv IWv T N{IamWv. AXns
CSp `mKv CUbpw hep`mKv ]nwK-fbpw a[y-
n kpjpav\bpw nXnsNpp. 13. Chbn ]ca
]hn-{X-amb tPymXnns\ [ym\n- p- -hv kIe
knnbpw e`npp. BdmatXv Xmep N{IamWv.
AXns\ LnImm\sav ]d-bpw. 14 ZiZzmc am-
sap ]d- bp AXn\v cmPZsamWv t]cv AhnsS
iq\yn a\ns\ HXpnbm a\pjy Xobmbpw
ap\mpp.
15. GgmatXv {`qN{IamWv. AXns\ _npshv ]d-
bpp. ]pcnI- fpsS a[yn tKmfmImcamb tPymXn
ns\ [ym\nv tbmKn ap\mbn `hnpp.
16. Ajv Samw {_c{w kymXv
]cw \nhmW kqNIw
Xw [ymXzm kqXnIm{Kmaw
[qamImcw hnapNytX
17. X Pmetc tbw
tamZw \oetNXkw
\haw thymaN{Iw kymXv
Zfw tjmUi- `n bpXw
18. kwhnZv {_qbm Xty
incpm nXm]cm
X{X ]q-Kncu ]ntT
inw [ymXzm hnapNytX
19. GtXjmw \hN{ImWm
tassIIw [ymbtXm apt\x
kntbm apnklnXmx
Icmx kypZnt\Znt\
20. tb tI ZWvUZzbw at[y
]iyn m\ Npjm
IZw_tKmfmImcw Xw
{_temIw {hPn tX
21. Du[zin \n]mtX\
A[x it\nIp- \mXv
a[y- in {]t_mt[\
PmbtX ]caw kpJw
PmbtX ]caw kpJw CXn.
16. Fmas N{Iw {_c{amWv. B [q{ahamb
kqXnIm kaqlw [ym\np tbmKntamw t\Spp.
I K
N P
749
17. AXv Pecsav a\nempI. AXv \oe\ndap
Xpw tamw \Ip- - Xp- am- Wv . H]Xmw N{Iw
thymabmWv AXn\v ]Xn\mdv Zf-fpv. 18. AXns
a[y-ns t] kwhnZv FmWv AXn ]cmin
ASpp. B ]q-amb Kncnbm ]q insb
[ym\np tbmKn_-\ ap-\mbno- cpp.
19. Cu H]Xv N{I- fn Hmtcmns\bpw {ItaW [ym\n
cmt[m]\njv
1
3
imn]mTw
Hmw ]q aZx ]q an Zw ]q mXv
]qapZNytX ]qky ]qamZmb ]q
tahmhinjytX Hmw imn imnx imnx
B ]c{_w ]qamIpp. Cu PKpw ]q-
amIpp. ]q {_n \nv Cu ]q PKp
mIpp. Cu ]q{_n PKv apgph amnh
mepw ]qamb {_w Ahtijnpp.
HmatYm[z w an\ Ejbx k\ImZym`
Khw lncWyK`ap]mknXzm DuNpx tZhx Ix
]ctam tZhXmx Im hm Xbx Xmkp N Im
hcobkn krjv Sn`qXm N tIXn ktlmhmN:tl
]p { XImx ir Wp tXZw l hmh Kp lymXv
KplyXa{]Imiyw bkv ssa Ikv Xzw \ tZbw
kv \nKv [mb {_ hmZnt\ Kpcp`mb tZb
a\yYmZpalZhw`oXIrjv W l ssh lcnx
]ctamtZhx jUznss[sscizsscyx ]cn]qtm
`KhmtKm]otKm]tkthymhr mcm[n tXm
hrmht\ \n\mb k GIxkthizcx Xky l
ssh tZz X\p \mcmbWm Jn e { _mWv -
Vm[n]XntctIm {]IrtX {]mNot\m \nXyx Ghw
ln Xky ibkv Xz t\I[m BmZn \o,
kn\o, mt\m, {In bmZym _lphn [x
ibx XmkzmZn\o hcnb ko ]amcwK`qXm
cm[mIrjv Ww kamcm[mbXn ktZXn cm[nIm
KthXn hy] ZniyX CXn tbbw cm[m b
Irjv Wx ckm_v [n tZtlss\x {Io[\m
Zzn[m`qXv
lcn Hmw Hcn DuztcXpIfmb k\ImZn
Ejnam {_mhns\ kvXpXnv tNmZnp. ""`Khms\,
BcmWv ]catZh? Atln s in I
GsXmsbmWv . B inIfn kht{ijv Thpw
krjv Snv ImcWhpamb GsXmcp inbmWv hn
p Xv ? { _mhv ]dp ]p { Xmsc, Rm
AXnclkyamb B Imcyw \ntfmSv ]dbmw. amtcmSpw
CXp ]dtbXn. Kpcp`\mb {_Nmcnp am{Xta
CXv ]dp sImSpmhq. AXn \p hn ]coXambn
A\[nImcnv sImSpp ]w hfsc ]m]apmIpw.
`Khm IrjvW\mWv Ghpw henb tZh. Atlw
Bdp hn[w sFizcymepw ]cn]qW\mWv .tKm]nIfpw
tKm]mcpw Atls tkhnpp. hrbm
Bcm[nX\mb Atlw hrmh\ns A[oizc\mWv .
GIam{X kthizc\pamWtlw. {io \mcmbW\pw
Atlns cq]n kakvXPKpfpsSbpw
kz man bmWv . { ioIrjv W { ]IrXn bn \n p w
Apdpffh\mWv . BmZn\o, kn\o, mt\m,
{Inbm XpSn Atln\v At\Iw inIfpv.
Chbn BmZn\o inbmWv {][m\w. Atl
ns Ghpw {]nbsh cm[bmWv . `Kh IrjvW
\pw Ahsf Bcm[npp. cm[nI ""KhbmsWpw
]dbsSmdpv. Fm tKm]nIfpw `Khms alnjnI
fmWv. evanbmWv cm[bmbn ]ndnpffXv . `Khm
kzbw {IoUbvmbn ]e cq] ssIsmp.
p ap\nv {ItaW [ym\np ap\nv apntbmSp
tN knnI ssI hiamIpp. 20. m\ N{I
ns a[y- n ISn ]qpet]mse cp ZWvU
ImWm Ignbph {_ temInsepp.
21. Du[z in\n]mXw sImpw A[xin ktm
N\w sImpw a[yinbpsS {]t_m[\w sImpw ]c
aamb kpJw e`npsa- Xn kwi- b-an.
tbmK-cmtPm]\njv kam]np.
Q
I K
N P
750
Gjm ssh ltcx kthizco khhnZym
`ymk k\m\o Irjv W{]mWm[ntZho tNXn
hnapttZhmkvXphn bkymKXnw hpw \
tNmXv ktl k ssh bky {]koZXn Xky
IXemhIenX kIe anXnGXm ahmb bx
Irjv W amcm[bnXp anXn kaqVXa tXn
AYsslXm\n \mam\n KmXn {ipXb
{iocm[ `Khm {ioIrjvWs kthiznbmWv.
Ah IrjvWs kthizcnbmWv. Ah IrjvWs
{]mWm[nI{]nbbmWv . \mep thZfpw cm[sb kvXpXn
pp. {_m\nIfmb ap\nIv cm[sb kw_-
np KoXfdnbmw. BbpjvImew apgph hnhcn
mepw Xocm hn[w cm[bpsS KpWKW A]mc
amWv . cm[bpsS ktmjn\v ]m{XamIphv ]ca
[maw e`npp. cm[sb AhWnv IrjvWs\s
Bcm[nph ]caaqVmcmWv . thZ Cu Imcyw
FSpp]dbppv .
cm[m cmtkizco caym Irjv Wm a{m[n
tZhXm khmZym khhym N hr mh\
hnlmcnWo hrm cm[ym cam f tij tKm]o
aWv Ue ]qPnXm kXym kXy]cm kXy`mam
{ ioIrjv Wh`m hn j`m\p kp Xm tKm]o
aq e{ ]Ir Xn coiz co Khm cm[n Imcaym
cp Iv an Wo ]ctaiz co ]cmXv ]cXm]q m
]qN{ \n`m\m\m `pn apn {]Zm\nXyw
`h hym[nhn\min\o
cm[, cmtaizco, cay, Irjv W, a{m[ntZhX,
khmZy, kha\y, hrmh\ hnlmcWn, hr, cm[ym,
cam, Atij tKm]o aWvUe ]qPoXm, kXykXy]c,
kXy`ma, {ioIyjvW h`, hrj`m\pkpX, tKm]oaqe
{]IrXn, Cuizco,Kh, cm[nIm, cay, ]ctaizco,
]cmXv ]cm, ]qN{\n`m\\, `pnapn{]Zm, \nXy,
`hhym[n, hn\min\n, Ch cm[bpsS hntijWfmWv.
CtXyXm\n \mam\n bx ]tcXv k
Pohptm `hXn CXyml lncWyKt`m `Khm
\nXn kn\o Xp [mb `qjW imk\mZn an{X
`rXym Zncqt]W ]cnWX arXyp temImhXcW
Imte amXr ]nXr cqt]W Nm f kn ZnXyt\Imh
XmcImcW m\in kv Xp t{ X
incnXn C `qXm ambm kXzcPkv Xtam
abo _ln cwKm PKXv ImcW `qXm sskhm
hnZymcqt]W Pnh _\`qXm {InbminkvXp
eoemin cn Xn b Camap ]\n jZa[otX
tkm{hXo {hXo`hXn k hmbp]qtXm `hXn cm[m
Irjv W {]ntbm `hXn k bmhp ]mXw
]wo ]p\mXn Hmw XXv kXv
Cu \ma sNmph Pohpmcmbn
`hnpp. {_mhv Cu Imcyw FSpp]dbppv.
cm[bpsS kn\oin, hkXn, B`cW, i,
Bk\w, XpSnbhbpw an{X tkhImZne_v[npw
{]tbmP\sSpXmWv. kXzcPkvX tamKpWmIbmb
tZlPKn\v ImcW`qXbmIpp. ambbmWv Ahn
ZybpsS cq]n Pohs\ _\n s]SppXv.
`Khms {Inbmin XsbmWv eoem in. Cu
D]\njp hmbnp {hXlo\\pw {hX]q\mbn
ocpp. Ah hmbphns\mw ]cnip\mIpp.
At As ]cnip\mbn Ah KWnsSpp.
Ahs ZrjvSn ]XnbpnSsamw ]cnipamIpp.
cmt[m]\njv kam]np.
cp{ZlrZtbm]\njv
1
3
imn ]mTw
Hmw kl\mhhXp. kls\u `p\p kl
hocyw Ichmhssl. tXPkzn\mh[oXakvXp. am
hnZznjmhssl Hmw imnx imnx imnx
]c{_w R cpt]scbpw Hcpanv cn
tW. R cpt]scbpw Hcpanv ]cn]mentW.
R cpt]cpw Hcpanv IgnhpI hfpamdmItW.
R ]c kv ]cw hntZzjw IecmXncn tW. Hmw imnx
imnx imnx
Q
I K
N P
751
1. lcn Hmw
lrZbw Ipeo `kva
cp{Zm KW Zi\w
Xmc kmcw almhmIyw
]{_mn tlm{XIw
2. {]Way inckm ]mZu
iptIm hymkaphmN l
tIm tZhx khtZthjp
Ikvan tZhm khix
3. Iky ip{iqjWmnXyw
{]oXm tZhm `hn ta
Xky XZzN\w {ipXzm
{]XyphmN ]nXm ipIw
4. k0htZhmtIm cp{Zx
kth tZhm inhmIx
cp{Zky ZntW ]mtiz
chn{_m {Xtbm bx
5. hma]mtiz Dam tZho
hnjvWpx tkm tam f ]n tX {Xbx
bm Dam km kzbw hnjvWp
tbm hnjvWpx kx ln N{ax
6b tb \akyn tKmhnw
tX \akyn iIcw
tb f bn lcnw `ym
tX f bn hrj[zPw
cp{ZlrZbn {]Whns aqeXXzw {]Xn]mZn
pp. tbmK Ip en\n, `kva Pm_mew, cp{Zm Pm_m
ew, KW]Xn Fo D]\njpIfpw Cu hnjbw {]Xn
]mZnp h\ bmWv .
Hcn ipItZh Xs ]nXmhpw alm m\nbp
amb hymks ]mZfn inc nv ]dp: GXp tZh
\mWv Fm tZhmcnepw hknpv? GXp tZh\n emWv
kIeXpw hknpXv ? GXp tZh\w D]mknmemWv
Fm tZhmcpw Fn {]k cmIpXv? Cu tNmZyw
tIv XXzm\nbmb hymk ]dp: `Khm cp{Z\n
kIetZhmcpw hkn pp. Atlns hep`m
Kv kqcy\pw {_hpw Kml ]Xyw, Zn Ww, Al h
\obw Fo aqv AnIfpw hknpp. CSXphiv
Dabpw hnjvWphpw N{\pw nX sNpp. Cu aqp
t]cnepw Xn bmsXmcp hyXymkhpw C. Fsm
Da XsbmWv `Khm hnjvWp. hnjvWp XsbmWv
tkma. tKmhns\ \akv Icnp h insbbpw \a
kvIcn pp. hnjvWphns\ ]qPnp ` hrj[zP
\mb ic s\ s ]qPnpp.
7. tb Zznjn hncq]mw
tX Zznjn P\m\w
tb cp{Zw \m`nPm\n
tX \ Pm\n tIihw
8. cp{ZmXv {]htX _oPw
_oP tbm\nP\m\x
tbm cp{Zx k kzbw {_m
tbm {_m k lpXmi\x
9. {_ hnjvWpatbm cp{Z
AntjmamIw PKXv
]pnwKw khaoim\w
kv{XoewKw `KhXypam
10. Damcp{ZmnImxkhmx
{]Pmx mhc PwKamx
hyw khapamcq]
ahyw Xp atlizcw
11. Dam ictbmtKm bx
k tbmtKm hnjvWp cpNytX
bkv Xp Xkvssa \akvImcw
IpcymZv `nka\znXx
inhs\ tZzjnp h hnjv Wphn s\bpw tZzjnp
p. inhs\ a\ nemm h hnjvWphns\ a\ nem
pn. Fsm ihns Xs bmWv kIe Pohn I
fpsSbpw krnImhv. hnjv Wp _oPcq]hpamWv. An
tkmamIamb hnizhpw cp{Z Xs. kr nbn ]pnw
Kcq]n ep kh{]mWn Ifpw cp{Z\pw kv {Xoenw Km
Iamb kh {]mWnIfpw Da bpamIpp. Cs\ mh
cPw Kacq]n ep kIekrnbpw cp{Z\pw Da bpamIp
p. Ahy {]]w cp{Zsbpw hy{]]w Da bp
sS XpamWv . Damatl izc mcpsS kwtbmKamWv hnjv Wp.
hnjvWphns\ \akvIcnp h `ntbmsS ]c{_
tmSv tNcpp.
12. Bm\w ]cam m\
acmm\ tah N
mXzm {Xnhn[amm\w
]camm\ am{itbXv
13. Acmm `thXv {_m
]camm atlizcx
kthjmtah `qXm\mw
hnjvWpcmm k\mX\x
I K
N P
752
14. Aky ss{XtemIyhrky
`qau hnS]imJn\x
A{Kw a[yw XYm aqew
hnjvWp {_ atlizcmx
15. Imcyw hnjvWpx {Inbm {_m
ImcWw Xp atlizcx
{]tbmP\mw cpt{ZW
aqntcIm {Xn[m IrXm
16. [tm cpt{Zm PKZznjvWpx
khm\w ]nXmalx
{iocp{Z cp{Z cpt{ZXn
bkv Xw {_qbmZv hnNWx
Io\mXv khtZhky
kh]mss]x {]apNytX
kIe Pohn IfpsSbpw Bmhv hnjvWphpw A
cmmhv {_mhpw ]c ammhv cp{Z\pamIpp. ss{Xtem
IyamIp hrns sImpI ]rYznbn hym]nn
cn p p. AXns A{Kw hnjv Wphpw {Iobm cq]w
{_mhpw aqe`mKw cp{Z\pw Imcycq]w hnjvWphpamIp
p. {Inbmcq]w {_hpw Imc Wcq]w cp{Z\pamWv.
Cs\ `Khm cp{Z Xs bmWv {]tbmP\ a \pkcnv
Xs aqp cq] kzoIcnnp Xv. {]]w hnjvWp
cq]hpw m\w {_cq]hpw [w cp{Zcq]hpamIpp.
m\n cp{Zs \maw P]npp. AXns ^eambn
Ah kIe tZhmcpsSbpw \maw P]npXn sbpw
^ea\p`hnv ]m]ap \mbn `hnpp.
17. cpt{Zm \c Dam \mco
Xkvssa Xssky\tam \ax
cpt{Zm {_m Dam hmWo
Xkvssa Xssky \tam \ax
18. cpt{Zm hnjvWpcpameao
Xkvssa Xssky \tam \ax
cp{Zx kqcyx Dam Ombm Xkvssa Xssky
\tam \ax
19. cp{ZtkmaDamXmc
Xkvssa Xssky \tam \ax
cpt{Zm Znhm Dam cm{Xnx
Xkvssa Xssky \tam \ax
20. cpt{Zmb Dam thZn
Xkvssa Xssky \tam \ax
cpt{Zm hncpam kzmlm
Xkvssa Xssky \tam \ax
21. cpt{Zm thZ Dam imkv{Xw
Xkvssa Xssky \tam \ax
cpt{Zm hr Dam ho
Xkvssa Xssky \tam \ax
22. cpt{Zm KxDam ]pjv ]w
Xkvssa Xssky \tam \ax
cpt{Zmx Acx tkma
Xkvssa Xssky \tam \ax
23. cpt{Zm enwKapam ]oTw Xkvssa Xssky
\tam \ax
24. khtZhmIw cp{Zw
\akvIpcymXv ]rYIv
]rYIv G`n a{]ssZtch
\a kym ao i]mhXow
25. b{X b{X `thXv km[
anaw a{apZoctbXv
{_lm Peat[yXp kh ]mss]x {]apNytX
cp{Z \c\pw Da \mcnbpamIpp. tZh\pw tZhnpw
\akvImcw. cp{Z {_mhpw Da #mWnbpamIpp. tZh\pw
tZhnpw \akvImcw. cp{Z hnjvWphpw Da evanbp
amIpp. cpt]pw \a kvImcw. cp{Z kqcy\pw Da
Omb bp am Ip p. cpt]pa \a kvIm cw. cp{Z
tkma\pw Da XmcbpamIpp. cpt]pw \akvImcw.
cp{Z ]Iepw Da cm{XnbpamIp. cpt]pw \akv Im
cw. cp{Z bhpw Da thZnbpamIpp. cpt]pw
\a kv Im cw.cp{Z hn bpw Da kzml bp am Ip p.
Ahv \akvImcw. cp{Z thZhpw Da imkv{Xhpam
Ipp; cpt]pw \akvImcw. cp{Z Khpw Da
]pjv]hpamIpp. cpt]pw \akvImcw. cp{Z
Ahpw Da AhpamIpp. Ahv \akvImcw.
cp{Z enwKhpw Da ]oThpamIpp. cpt]pw \akv Im
cw. khtZhmI\mb cp{Zs\ {]tXyIw \akv Icn p
I. Rm a{m Dam atl izc msc \akv IcnpsIm
ncnpp. FhnsS GXp \nebn Ignmepw kZm
Cu a{w P]npsImncnWw. Pen Ignv Cu
a{w P]nm {_l Xymmc\pw ]m]a hnap \mIpw.
26. khm[njmTm\aZzzw
]cw {_ k\mX\w
kn Zm\cq]w X
ZhmMv am\ktKmNcw
27. Xkvan kphnZntX khw
hnm\w kymZnZw ipI
XZm IXzmXv khky
XkvamZv `nw \ln IzNnXv
I K
N P
753
28. tZz hntZy thZXthy ln
]cm ssNhmN cm N tX
X{Xm]cmXp hnss`yjm
EtKztZm bPptch N
29. kmathZkv X YmYh
thZx inm ap\oizc
Ievt]m hymIcWw ssNh
\ncpw O Gh N
30. tPymXnjw N bYm \m
hnjbm A]n _pbx
AssYh ]cam hnZym
bbmm ]camca
31. bZt{Zmiya{Kmly
atKm{Xw cq]hPnXw
ANpx t{im{XaXyw
XZ]mWn ]Zw XYm
32. \nXyw hn`pw kh KXw kpkqv aw NX Z
hybw XZv`qXtbm\nw ]iyn [ocm Bm\am
\n
k\mX \phw khm[njvT\hpw at\mhmKXoXhpw
knZm\ kzcq]hpamb ]c {_s \ t]mse Adn
bp h kq cl kyhpw Adn h\mbnocpp.
Fsm B ]c{_n \np `nambsmpan
. CsXmw AXns cq]w Xs. ]cm Fp A]c Fp
cp hnZyIfpv. Ev, bPpv, kmaw. AYhw Fo
\mep thZfpw in, Iev]w, O v , hymIc Ww, \ncp
w, tPymXnjw Fo Bdp imkv{Xfpw A]cmhnZy
bmWv . CXn B hnjba m asm _unI
m\hpw tNnpv. Bm\w ]cmhnZybmemWv
e`npXv. AXmWv A\ iz camb ]caXXzw. AXv AZr
iyhpw A{KmlyhpamWv. AXn\v \matam cq]tam tKm{Xtam
C. IcNcW fn . AXv hnjbmXoX amWv. \nhn Imc
amWv. khn sbpw B{ib m\amWv. m\n B
]c ammhns\ Bmhn Zinpp.
33. bx khx khhntZym
bky m\abw X]x
XkvamZ{Xmcqt]W PmbtX PKZmhenx
34. kXyhmXn Xhw
cpkhZm nXw
XtZXZcw kXyw
XZzn mb hnapNytX
35. mt\ss\h lo kwkmc
hn\mtim ss\h IWm
t{im{Xnbw {_\njvTw kZv
Kpcpw KtZyYmhn[n
36. KpcpkvXkvssa ]cmw hnZymw
ZZymZv {_m t_m[n\ow
Kplmbmw\nlnXw kmm
Zcw thZ tNcx
37. OnXzm hnZymalm{Knw
inhw KtXv k\mX\w
XtZXZarXw kXyw
XZv t_mhyw apapp`nx
38. [\pkvXmcw itcmlymm
{_ Xy apNytX
A{]at\ thhyw
ichtbm `thXv
39. eyw khKXw ssNh
icmx khKtXm apJx
thmkhK Xssh
inheyw \ kwibx
t`mr cq]nepw ap hn[nepap hnizw {]I
SamIpXv {_n \npamWv. B {_w kh
hpw kIe hnZyIfpsSbpw B{ib m\hpamIpp.
AXns X]v m\w Xs. kXysap tXmnnp
Cu hnizw Ibdnse k {]XoXn t]mse {_n
nXn sNpp hnizw AkXyamWv. {_w Ahn\m
inbpw kXyhpamWv. CXdnbp hyn tamw {]m]n
pp. Im {]] ]miw tOZns Sn. m\w
sImp am{Xta AXv km[nq. AXn\m apapp {_
\njv T\pw t{im{Xnb \pamb Kpcphns\ iWw {]m]n Ww.
Kpcp Ah\v Bmhpw ]cammhpw HmsW m\w
\Ip ]cm hnZy ]TnnWw. Kplm\n lnXhpw Ahn
\min bpam {_s kmmXvIcnp hynbpsS
Ahn ZybmIp _\w tOZn sSpp. AtXmsS
]pcmW ]pcpj\mb inhs kmao]yw e`n pp. Aar
Xm Iamb Cu kXyw apappfmb km[Im Adn
ncvIWw. {_amIp eyn\v {]Whpw hnpw
Bmhv ApamIpp. AXns\ tOZnm Bekyw
shSnb Ww. {_n eyw t`Znphm _mWw
{Inbm\nc XambncnpXp t]mse apgpIWw. {_am
Ip eyw khl XamWv Bmhv khtXmapJ amWv
km[I khKX\mbm inh\mIp eyw kwib
tei sat\y {]m]nmw.
I K
N P
754
40. \ X{X N{hhpx {]ImitX
\ hmn hmXm kIem tZhXm
k Gj tZhx IrX`mh`qXx
kzbw hniptm hncPx {]ImitX
AhnsS N{ sbpw kqcy sbpw {]Im i an;
AhnsS ImSnpn. hmbphnt\m A\ytZhmtm
Fm Ignbpn. As\bp ]cammhv Xs
\nehpw \nKpWhpamb cq]n {]Iminpp.
41. Zzu kp]u icotckvan
PothimJyu kl nXu
XtbmPnhx ^ew `qMvt
ItWm \ atlizI.
42. tIhew kmncqt]W
hn\mt`mKw atlizI
{]ImitX kzbw t`Zx
Iev]ntXm ambbm Xtbmx
43. LSmIm iaSmImiu
bYmImi{]t`ZXx
Iev]nXu ]cau Poh
inhcpt]W Iev]nXu
44. XzX inhx kmm
nnh kzXx kZm
NnnZmImctXm `nm
\`nm, Nnz lm\nXx
45. NnXn NnZmImcm
`nZytX PUcq]Xx `nZytX tNtUm t`Z
ntZIm khZm Jep
46. XX {]amWm
NntZIXzhyhntXx
NntZ IXz ]cn mt\
\ timNXn \ aplyXn
47. AssZzXw ]cam\x
inhw bmXn Xp tIhew
48. A[njvTm\w kakvXky
PKXx kXy NnXv L\w
Ala kvaoXn \nnXy
hoX timtIm `thp\nx
Bmhpw ]cammhpwamIp cp ]nI Cu
icoc amIp hrn hknpp. Poh\mIp ]n
IamIp ^ew `npp. Fm ]cammhm
Ip ]n AXnse I^em\p`hs kmocq]
n t\mnsmncnp tXbpp. amb bpsS in
sImmWv B]cam t`Zkev ]w `hnpXv.
bYmn Nn b amb Poh kmm ]c ammhp
Xs. Poh\nepw Cuiz c \nepw Nn{Zqt]m]m[nsb kw_
n BImct`Zw sImmWv Cu t`Zw ]cn enXamIp
Xv bYmn Ah Xn t`Zan. t`Zapsn
cn sbpw Nnz cq]w \jv SvamIpw. PUamIp D]m[n
bmemWv Nnn \npw Nnn\v t`Zapsp kev]
apmIp Xv . AXn\v NnZmImcXbn \nv t`Zan . t`Z
Zrn PUn \nmWpmIp Xv. NnXvL\ kzcq]amb
]c ammhv kIehnihvn\p B{ibamWv . ]c amhm
Rm Xs bmWv . F NnmKXnbn ap\nam hoXtim
Imcmbnocpp.
49. kzicotc kzbw tPymXnx
kzcq]w khw kmoWw
oWtZmjmx {]hiyn
t\Xtc ambbm hrXm
50. Ghw cq]]cnm\
bkymkvXn ]ctbmKn\x
Ip{XNnZv Ka\w \mkvXn
Xky ]q kzcq]nWx
51. BImitaIw kqw
Ip{X Nnssh KXn
XZzXv kzm ]cnm\o
Ip{X Nnssh KXn
52. k tbm l ssh XXv ]caw {_ tbm t#Z
ssh ap\nx {_ssh `hXn kzx knZm\
amXrIx CXyp]\njv.
tZmjhnapcmb a\pjyv am{Xta khkm
nbpw kzbw tPymXnkzcq]amb ]c ammhns\ kmm
Xv Icn m km[n pIbpq. ambm PmeIn eIs
Poh\p AXns\ ImWm km[ya . Cu hn[ ap B
kzcq]m\w t\Snb knmcpw ]cn ]qcpamb
hyn I Hcn Spw t]mIpn. hcppan. ]cn]q
amb BImiw HcnSpw t]mIpntm. AXpt]mse
B XXzadnbp almmhpw HcnSpw t]mIpn. ]c
{_s Adn hyn knZm\ cq]vXXn \ne
sImv kzbw ]c{_ambn hn pp.
cp{Zlr Ztbm]\njv kam]n p.
Q
I K
N P
755
imn ]mTw
Hmw B]ymbp aamwKm\nhmIv {]Wmpx
t{im{XatYm _ean-{nbmWn N khmWn khw
{_tm]-\n-jZw amlw {_\n-cmIpcyw am am
{_ \ncmItcmZ \ncmIcW akvXz\ncmIcWw
ta Akv Xp XZm- \n \n ctXb D]- \n - jp
[mkvtX abn kptX abn kp. Hmw imnx
imnx imnx
Fs AwK- ]cn]pjv Sn {]m]n-s. hmv
{]mW, t\{Xw, t{im{Xw Fnhbpw inbpw C{nb-
fpw ]cn]pjvSamIs. CXv D]- \nj-Zpamb {_am
Wv. Rm CXns\ \ncmIcnpn. {_w Fs ]cn
Xy-PnmXncns. F\npw B {_n\pw Xn
At`Zy-amb _w DmIs. {_\ncX\mb Fn
D]-\nj- Zp-fmb [ nXn sN-s. Hmw
imnx imnx imnx
1. AY ssl\w Imemncp{Zw `qkpWvUx ]{]-
IYw cp{ZmtmXv]nx XmcWmXv Inw ^ean
Xn.
]ns `qkpWvU Imemncp{Zt\mSv tNmZnp:
"cp{Zm-ns DXv]-nsb--nbpw AXv [cnp- Xp
sImp ^es- nbpw ]dp Xmepw.'
2. Xwtlm hmN `K-hm Iemn-cp{Zx {Xn]pc-h
[malw \nao-enXmtm`hw. tXt`ym Pe_n
thm `qau-]- XnXmkvtX cp{ZmmxZPmXmx khm
\p{Klm- amb tXjmw \mtammcW amt{XW
ZitKm {]Zm\^ew Zi\ kv]i- \m`yw. ZznKpWw
^eaX Du[zw hpw \ iIvt\man;
AtltmSv `K-hm Imemncp{Z ]dp:
"Rm {Xn]pcmkpcmsc h[np- Xn\v kam[n\mbn
IpIfSp. Atm In \np Pe_np `qan
bn ]Xnp. Ahcp{Zm--fmbn Xop. khm\p{K-
lmw Rm ]d-bpp AhbpsS \mtammcW-am{X
bn Xs ]p ]ipsf Zm\w sNp ^ehpw
Zi-\kv]i-\mZnIfm AXns Ccn ^ehpw e`np
p. CXn IqSpXsempw F\nv ]d-bm\n.
3. Xss{XtX tmImx `hn Ikvanw
nXw Xp Inw
\ma IYw hm [mcytX \sscx
IXnt`-ZapJm\y{X ssIass{ [mcytX IYw
CtXn tmI- fpv. AXv FhnsS nXnsNp
p. FmWv t]cv ? F-s\bp a\pjycmWv CXv [cn
pXv? Ah F{Xhn[apv. GsXmw a{-fm
Fs\ [cns-Spp.
4. Znhy- hj kl{kmWn Npcpo- eoXw abm
`qam]- n]pSm`ywXp ]\nXm Pe_nhx
5. X{Xm{ip _nthm PmXmx alm
cp{Zm hrImx
mhcXz a\p {]m]y`m\p{KlImcWmXv
6. `m\mw [mcWmXv ]m]w Znhmcm{Xn IrXw
ltcXv ew Xp Zi\mXv ]pWyw
tImSnkX-m-cWm- `z-thXv
Xky tImSn iXw ]pWym e`tX[mc
W-cx e
tImSn kl{kmWn e-tImSn iXm\n N
Bbncw Znhykwh- cp tijw Rm Ip
I Xpd- p. Atm IpIfn \nv `qanbn ]Xn
Pepn-I almcp{Zm-- fmbnop. `m
cpsS A\p{K- l-n\v AXv mhcambn `hnp. cp{Zmw
[cnm `-mcpsS cm{Xnbnepw ]Iepw sNbvX ]m]
\knpp. Im ew ]pWyw; [cnm \qdp
tImSn ]pWyw; cp{Zmw [cnpsImp P]nm a\p
jyv tImSm\ptImSn ]pWyw t\Sm Ignbpp.
8. Xvhm`tX ]pWym \tcm cp{Zm- [mcWmXv
[m{Xn^- e{]- amWw bXv t{ijvT taX
ZpZm lrXw.
9. _Zco- ^- eam{Xw Xp a[yaw t{]mNyptX _pss[x
A[a NW-am{Xw kymXv {]Inssbjm
atbm NytX.
cp{Zmw sImp P]nm AXv [cn-mep
]pWyw e`npw. s\nm {]amW- ap cp{Zm-amWv
t{ijvTw. embv Xpey-ambXv a[y-asapw ISe
bv smXpw A[asapw ]d- bpp. C\n AXns
{]{Inb-sb-n ]d- bmw.
10. {_mWmx {Xnbmx sshiymx
iq{ZmtXn inhmbm
hrYm PmXm {]Ynhymw Xp XmXobmx
ip`mImx
cp{ZmPm_mtem]\njv
1
3
I K
N P
756
11. tizXmkvXp {_mWm tbmx
{Xn-b- chImx
sshiym hnmbmx IrjvWm ip`m
DZm-lrXmx
]cainhs BPvR-bm B awK- fIcamb cp{Zm
- n \nv {_mW, {Xnb, sshiy, iq{Z
Fo \mep PmXnbns] hr- Dmbn. shfp
cp{Zms {_mWs\pw Nph- Xns\ {Xnb-
s\pw asb sshiy- s\pw IdpXv iq{Zs\pw
]d-bpp.
12. {_mtWm _n`rbmXv tizXm cm
cmPm Xp [mctbXv
]oXm sshiykvXp _nZy- bmXv
IrjvWm iq{ZkvXp [mctbXv
13. kamx kv\nKv[m ZrVmx qemx
IssI kwbpXmx ip`mx
Iran ZjvSw `n-`nw I
ssIlo-\tah N
14. {hW-bpabpw N jUv cp{Zmm
hnhPtbXv
kzb tah IrXw Zzmcw cp{Zmw
kymZntlmaw
Dcpv kv \nKv[hpw _eapXpw kvYqehpw app
Xpw ip`sav IcpXs-Spp. IoS ISnXv On-
`nw, apnmXv {hWamXv kaamXv Ch
hnWw. kzbw ZzmcapXv D- aamWv.
15. bp ]ucpj-b-tXm\ IrXw X [yaw `thXv
kam kv\nKv[m ZrVm qem
ua kqt{XW [mctbXv
16. khK- t{XW kutay\ kmam\ym\n
hnN- Wx
\nItj tlatcJm`m Nky tcJm {]ZriytX.
17. XZ- apaw hnZymXv XZv [mcyw inh]qssIx
inJmbmtaIcp{Zmw {XniXw
inckm htlXv
]pcp-j-{]- b- Xv\-m Zzmcapmh a[y-aw.
kv \nKv[Zr-Vqe--fmb cp{Zm- -sf ]p\q- en
tImv [cnWw. Ah kuay- kpc kam\KpWw
tN- hbmIWw. NmWbnepcm kz- tcJ-t]mencn
pXv D-aw. inh`m AXmWv [cntXv.
inJ- bn Hv, Xebn amet]mse \qen tImv
ap- sXw [cnpI.
18. jvSv {XnwiXw Ktf Z[ymXv _mtlmx
tjmUi tjmUi
aWn_t ZzmZssih kvIt
]iXw htlXv
19. Ajv tSmci- ssXamem ap]- hoXw ]cIev]
tbXv {Xnkcw {Xnkcw hm]n kmcmWw
]Iw XYmx
20. kcmWmw k]vXIw hm]n_n`rbmXv
IcWw tZiXx
aIptS IpWvUte ssNh IWnIm
lmctI]n hm
Igpn 36, Ccp `pP-fnepw 16 hoXw, aWn_-
n 12, tXmfn 15 Cu hn[w cp{Zmw [cnWw.
108 cp{Zm- sImp amebpmn ]qWqt]mse
[cnWw. ctm aqtm Atm Gtgm InI IWv T
n [cnpI. IncoSw IpWvUew ISp Fo cq]-
nepw [cnmw.
21. tIbqc IStI kq{X Ipn _t hnti- jXx
kp]vtX ]otX kZmImew cp{Zmw
[mctb cx
22. {XniXw Xz[aw ]iXw a[y- aapNytX kl
{kapaw t{]m-tahw t`tZ\ [mctbXv
\qen tIm ame tIbqc ISInepw Ac
bnepw [cnWw. Dd-ptmgpw DWncnptmgpw
[cnWw. apqdv [cnpXv A[ax Aqdv a[yaw;
Bbncw Daw Cu \nebn cp{Zm- [cnpI.
23. icko- im\ at{W IWvtT XXv
]pcp- tj- WXp
AtLmtcW Ktf [mcyw tXss\h
lrZtbm ]nhm
incn ""Cuim\x kh hnZym\mw'' F a{w
sImv; IWvTn XXv]pcpjmb hnZvatl...' FXp
sImv Igpn AtLmtct`ymw FXpsImv Cs\
IWv Tnepw s\nepw cp{Zmw [cnpI.
24. AtLmc _oPat{W Ictbm
[mctbXv kp[o
]miZ- {KYn Xm thyma
hym]yhn tNmZtc
25. ] {_`ncw ssK {Xnamem
]- k]vX Nn
{KYnXzm aqeat{W khmWy
mWn [mctb-Xv.
hnZzmm cp ssIIfnepw AtLmc_o-Pa{w
sImv cp{Zmw cp ssIIfnepw [cnpIbpw cp{Zm
- aynse Zzmcn A apX hscbp A-
csf FgpXn \anhmb F ]mc a{w A`na
{nv {]mW{]XnjvTmZnI sNbvXv aqea{tmSsb
aqtm Atm Gtgm Cg- Ifmbn [cnWw.
I K
N P
757
26. AY ssl\w `K-hw Imemn
cp{Zw `qkpWvUx ]{]-
Zp{ZmmWmw t`tZ\ bZpm bXv kzcq]w
bXv ^eanXn. XXv kzcq]w
apJ- bp amcnjvS
\nck\w Imam`ojvS ^ew {_qloXn
tlmhm-N.
]ns `K-hm Imem-ncp{Z-t\mSv `qkpWv U
tNmZnp cp{Zm t`Za\pkcnv GXp cp{Zm- v
GXmWv kzcq]w FmWv ^ew? AXv Fs\ ZpcnXw
iannpp? Fs\ DnX^e{]m]v XnbpmIpp
CsXmw ]d-pXcnI.
27. Xss{XtX tmImx `hn
GI h{w Xpcp{Zmw ]cXXzkzcq]Iw
XmcWmXv ]tcXtXz eobtX hnPntX{nbm
28. Zznh{w Xp ap\nt{i-jvT, Nm
\mco- izcmIw
[mcWmZ\mcoix {]nbtX Xky \nXyZx
29. {XnapJw ssNh cp{Zm- {Zan{Xb kzcq]- Iw.
XmcWm lpX`q-ky XpjyXn \nXyZm
30. NXpapJw Xp cp{Zmw NXp a{-kzcq]Iw
XmcWmXph{mx- {]o-btX
Xky \nXyZm
31. ]a{w Xp cp{Zmbw ] {_ kzcq]Iw
]h{ kzbw {_ ]pwl- cymN
hymt]m-lXn
32. jUvh {a]ncp-{Zmw ImntIbm[n
ssZhXw
XmcWmXv alm{io kym al
Zmtcm- Kyap-aw.
GI apJ- amb cp{Zmw ]cXXz kzcq]- amsWpw
AXv [cnm C{nb-sf Pbnp ]cmXXzn
ebnpsapw IcpXs-Spp. ap\nt{i-jvT, cpapJ- ap
cp{Zmw A\mcoiz kzcq]amWv AXv [cnm A
\mco-izc {]k- \mIpw. aqp apJ-tmSp IqSnbXv
Ankzcq]- amWv. AXp [cnm AntZh {]k-
\mIpw. Ap apJ-apXv ]-apJ-\mb inhs {]Xo-
IamWv. AXp [cnm `K-hm ]-apJ ]pcpj-l
Xysb Zpco- Icnpp. Bdp apJ- ap cp{Zmw `Khm
ImntIbs kzcq]-amWv . AXp [cnm almb
sFizcyapmIpw. BtcmKyhpw e`npw.
33. aXn hnm\ kn iptb [mctbXv
kp[ox hn\mb-Im[n ssZhw N {]hZn
a\o- jnWx
CXns\ hnZzmm KtWi kzcq]- sav IcpXpp.
_pn, hnZy, sFizcyw Chbv v CXv [cn- p- Xv
D- aw.
34. k]vXh{w Xp cp{Zmmw k]vXamem[n
ssZhXw XmcWmlm {iokym
al-ZmtcmKy apaw.
35. alXn m\knx ipNn[mcWXx kZm
Ajv Th{w Xp cp{Zm- ajvSam
{Xm[n ssZhXw
36. hkzjvTI {]nb ssNh KwKm {]oXIcw
XYm, XmcWm Znta {]oXm `thbp:
kXy- hmZnx
37. \h{iw. Xpcp{Zmw \h iym[n ssZhXw
Xky [mcW amt{XW {]nbt \h ibx
38. Zih{w Xpcp{Zmw ba-ssZh Xyao-cnXw
Zim{]- imn P\Iw [mcWmm{I kwibx
Ggp-apJ-ap cp{Zmw k]vXtemI-amXm-fpsS
kzcq]w tN-XmWv . AXp [cnm sFizcyhpw Btcm
Kyhpw ssIhcpw. ipntbmsS [cnm m\w e`n
pw. AjvSapJ- tmSp IqSnbXv Aj- SamXmfpsS kzcq
]- am- XmWv . AXv AjvShkppw {]nb-camWv.
AXp [cnm KwKmtZhnbpw {]k-bmIpp. H]Xp
apJ-ap cp{Zm-ns A[ntZhX \hin-bmWv.
AXv [cnm \hinIfpw {]kmZnpp. ]p apJ-
ap-Xns A[ntZhX ba\mWv. ba\mWv AXv Zi- \
am{Xbn Xs imn \Ipw AXv [cnm imn
e`npsav kwi-bmXo- XamWv.
39. GImZi- apJw Xzw cpss{ZIm Zi ssZhXw
XZnZw ssZhXw {]mlpx kZm
ku`mKy h\w
41. {Xtbm ZiapJw Xzw ImaZw innZw ip`w
Xkymx[mcW amt{XW ImatZhx {]ko-ZXn.
42. NXpZi apJwNmw cp{Zt\{X kpZv`hw
khhym[n lcw ssNh khZm
tcmKy am]v\pbmXv.
]Xns\mpapJ-ap cp{Zm-ns tZhX GImZ
i-cp{ZmcmWv. AXv ku`mKy- hIamWv . ]{p apJ-
apXv almhnjvWpkz- cq]w ZzmZimZnXy cq]-amWv AXv.
Xmev]- cy-ap ]ecpw AXv [cnpp. AXp [cnm
ImatZh {]kmZnpp. ]Xnmev apJ- apXv cp{Zs
IpIfn \npw khntijw DmbXmWv . AXv kh
hym- [nl- chpw BtcmKy- Zmb- IhpamIpp.
43. aZyw amwkw N eip\w ]emWvUp
in{Kpta-hN
tjvamXIw hnUvhcmla`y htb-cx
I K
N P
758
cp{Zmw [cnp- h aZyw, amkw, shfppn,
Npapn, apcn-, tjvamXIw, hnUzcmlw Fo
]Zm- ssIshSnbWw.
44. {KltW hnjpth, ssNhab-t\
kw-{Ita ]n N
Ztijp ]u-amtkN ]qtjp
Znh tkjp N
cp{Zm [mcWmXv kZyx kh ]mss]x
{]apNytX
{KlWk- abw, hnjp (Xpemw taS-am- k- fn)
cm{Xnbpw ]Iepw Xpey-amb Znhkw) kqcy {Imn Ab-
\]- cnh\w, Aamhmkn, ]u- an, ]q Znhkw
Cu L- -fn cp{Zmw [cnm thKn ]m]hnap
nbpmIpw.
45. cp{Zm- aqew XZv{_ Xmew
hnjvWptchh N
XpJw cp{Z CXymlpkvXZv _npx
khtZ hXmx
cp{Zm- ns aqe- `mKw {_mhpw \mf`mKw
hnjvWphpw apJ- `mhw cp{Z\pw _np khtZhmcpw
BsWv ]d- bs- Spp.
46. AY Imemn cp{Zw `K-hw k\Xv Ipamcx
]{] "A[oln `K-hm cp{Zm [mcW hn[nw'
Xkv an katb \nZmL PU- `- cX Zm- t{Xb
ImXymb\ `cZzmP I]ne hknjv T ]n- emZmZb
Imemncp{Zw ]cnktatXy Npx AY Imemn
cp{Zx Inanw `hXmamKa\anXn tKmhmN. cp{Zm
[mcW hn[nw ssh kth t{iXpanmatl CXn.
]ns k\Xv Ipamc Imemn cp{Zt\mSp tNmZn
p: ""`K- hms\, Av cp{Zm [mcWhn[n ]dp Xc
Ww.'' Atm \nZmL, PU`cX, Zm-t{Xb,
ImXymb-\, `cZzmP, I]ne, hknjv T, ]n- emZ
XpSnb ap\nam Imemncp{Z\p Nppancpp. hsX
m- sWp tNmZn- - tm Ah ]dp: "`K- h,
Rsmhpw cp{Zm [mcWhn[n Adnbm\m
{K-lapv .
47. AY Imem ncpt{Zx t{]mhmNx cp{ZWy \b-
\mZpXv]mx cp{Zmm CXn temtI Jymb- t,
AY kZminhmx kwlmc Imte kwlmcw IrXzm
kwlm- cmw apIp- fo- I- tcm- Xn. X- b- \m- Xm
cp{Zmm CXn tlmhmN XkvamZv cp{ZmXz anXn
Imemn cp{Zx t{]mhmN.
Imemncp{Z ]dp: "cp{Zs t\{X- fn \npw
DhnXpsImv cp{Zmw Fv {]knambn. `K- hm
kZminh kwlmcImev kIeXpw kwl-cntkjw
{]]- -kwlmcIamb Xs t\{XaSbvpp. AXn
\nphnXmWv cp{Zmw.
48. XZv cp{Zmt hmKznjtb IrtX Zi tKm {]Zm
t\\ bXv ^eaphm]vt\mXn XXv ^eaiv\pX k
Gj `kv a tPymXo- cp- {Zm CXn. X{Zp- {Zmw
ItcW kv]pjv Szm [mcW amt{XW Zznkl{k
tKm{]- Zm\^ew `hXn. X{Zp-{Zmt I-tbm
[mcy-amtW GImZi kl{k tKm{]-Zm\ ^ew
`hXn. GImZi cp{ZXzw N KXn. X{Zp {Zmt
inckn [mcyamtW tImSntKm{]- Zm\ ^ew `hXn.
"GXmjmw m\m\mw Itbmx ^ew hpw
\ iIy- anXn tlmhmN!
cp{Zmw hmn\p hnj- b-amnbm ]p ]ip
sf Zm\w sNp ^ew knn-pp. cp{Zmw
ssIsImp sXmv [cnm am{Xw cmbncw ]ipsf
Zm\w sNbvXmep ^ew DmIpw. AXv sNhnbn [cn
m ]Xnt\mcmbncw ]ipsf Zm\w sNbvXmep ^ew
Inpw. IqSmsX GImZi cp{ZXzhpw e`npp. incne
Wnm tImSn tKmZm\^- eamWv. ChbpsS m\-
fpsSbpw I- - fpsSbpw ^ew ]d-bm {]bmkw.
49. b Camw cp{Zm Pm_mtem]- \njZw \nXy- a
[otX _mtem hm bphm hm thZ kalm `hXn.
kKpcpx kthjmw a{- Wm- ap- ]- tZjv Sm `hXn.
GssX-tch tlmaw Ipcym-Xv. GssXtchm\w
XYm- c-tmLv \w arXyp- Xm- cIw Icp- Wme_v[w
IWv tT _mlu- inJmbmw hm _[v \oX k]vX
Zzo]- hXo `qan Zn- Wmw \mh- Iev ]n tX
XkvamZv {ibm bmw Imw NnZv Kmw ZZymXv km
ZnWw `hXn. b Camap]- \nj {_mWx kb-
a- [o- bmt\m Zn h- k- Ir Xw ]m]w \mi- b- Xn .
a[ymt [obm\x jUv P IrXm]m]w \mi-
bXn kmbw {]mXmx{]bpRvPt\m At\IP- Ir
Xw]m]w \mib-Xn. jSv kl{ke Kmb-{Xo- P]
^e-am]v t\mXn, {_lXym kpcm]m\ kz-
kvtXb KpcpZmc-i- a\ Xw-tbmKw ]mX- tI- `y.
]qtXm `hXn kh Xo ^eaitX. ]XnX
kw`mj-WmXv]qtXm `hXn. ]wn iX kl{k
]m]vt\m `hXn. inhkmbqPyahm]v t\mXn. \N ]\
cmh tX \ N ]yp\ cmhtX. CtXymw
kv XyanXyp]-\nj-v .
Cu cp{Zm-Pm_mtem]- \njv \nXyhpw A[y-
b\w sNp- h _met\m bphmthm Bcmbmepw alm
\mIpw. Abm kha{-fpsSbpw D]-tZjvSmhmIpw.
ChsImv tlmahpw ]qPbpw \SWw. ItmLv \hpw
arXyplmcIhpamb cp{Zmw Kpcphn \npw kzoIcnpw
Igpnepw ssIIfnepw inJ- bnepw [cnWw. AXn\v
Ggp Zzo]p `qan apgph ZnW sImSpmepw aXn
I K
N P
759
bmhn. AXn\m {itbmsS Fp sImSpmepw Zn
W-bmIpw {itbmsS Cu D]-\n- jpw A[y- b\w
sNp {_mWs cm{Xn sNbvX ]m]w \inpp.
Dbvv A[yb\w sNbvXm Bdp Pw sNbvX ]m]w
\in-pw.
Imepw sshIopw A[yb\w sNbvXm At\I
P--fnse ]m]w ianpw. Bdmbncw ew Kmb{Xo
a{w P]np ^ew Inpp. {_l- Xy, aZy-]m\w,
kz, tNmcWw, Kpcp Zm Km\w ChbpsS ]m]fpw
\inpw. kIeXo-- fnepw kv\m\w sNp ^ew
Inpw. ]XnXcpambn kw`mjWw sNbvXXns ]m]hpw
\inpw. Abm At\I tImSnPo-hnIsf ]cnip\m
ph\mbn `hnpp. inhkmbqPyw e`npw. ]noSv
Ah P-acW- tiw A\p`hntn hcn. Cs\
cp{Zm Pm_mtem]-\nj- p.
cp{Zm-Pm- _mtem]-\njv Ahkm\np.
Q
cpt{Zm]\njv
1
3
hnizatbm{_mWx inhw {]PXnw {_mWx
]mc a\p`hXn {_mWx inh ]qPcXx inh
`n hnlo-\-tXv k NWvUme D]-Nmex
NXp th- Z- Pv tRm]n b in h ` k Gh
{_mWx A[a-mtem ]n inh`. tXv
{_mmXv t{ijvT-Xcx {_mW kv{Xo ]p{
{ hXx k Gh { _mWx in h`t tch
{_mW inhenwKm \bpX- me lkvXhn
`qXn ipm Krlm\mw \nehn`qXn X]- kzn
`nx kh `kva [mcyw bZzm inh `nx kw]pjvSw
kZm]n XZv ZknX tZhXm[mcyw
hniz-a- b- \mb {_m- W inh-k- ao-]- sa- p- p.
Ah ]mcw A\p`hnpp. inh]qPbn cX
\mbncnpIbpw \ax inhmb F ]mcw kZm
ssIImcyw sNph\mWv bYm {_m\n.
NXp thZ- \mbmepw inh`nclnXs\n Abm
NmfXpey Xs. {_mW {Xn]pw [cnp
- h\mIWw. AXnemWv Ahs {_mWXzw. inh`
nbm am{XamWv Ah {_mW- s\dnb-s-SpI.
inhenwKw ]qPnph Nmf\mbmepw {_mW
t\m t{ijvT\mWv. inh`- \mb Nmf \Ip
`kvaw b-ntem ipamWv. `kvaw aqp Xc
nepv. NneXn\v sNns \ndambncnpw. NneXv
sh-bmWv. NneXv Aev ]w ]pIh- n as]mSn
tbmSp kaambncnpw. hncmcmb X]- kznIpw
ipcmb Krl- mpw kz`kvaamWv A\ptbmPyw.
inh`\v GXp hn[nepXpw kzoIcnmw.
AncnXn `kva hmbpcn Xn `kva eanXn
`kva PeanXn `kva thymtaXn `kva CXymZyp]
\\nj-XvImcWmXv Imcyw A\y{X hnizXp
cpX hnizXo- aptJm hniztXm lkv X DX hniz
]mXv kw _mlp`ymw \aXn kw ]X- \ymhm
]rYnho P\- b tZh GIx Xkv amXv {]mW
enwtKm inhx inhx {]mW-enwKo PSm`kva[tcm]n
{]mW-enwtKm ln t{ijvTx {]mW-enwKo inhcq]x
{]mW- enwKo PwK- a- cq]x inh Gh PwKa cq]x
{]mW- enwKn\mw ip knn\ `hXn {]mW enwKn
\mw PwKa ]qPym\mw ]qPy X]- kzn\mw aqV-
m tem ]n{]mWmenwKo Xkv amXv {]mW-
enwKo hntij CXymZn b Ghw thZ k inh cp{Z
Ghcp{Z {]mW-enwKo \mt\ym `hXn
An, hmbp, Pew, ew, BImiw kIeXpw `kva
ab-amIpp. AXp a\nemn `kvaw [cntXmIp
p. Cuizc FmbnSpw IpIfpw \mephipw
apJhpw \mep`mKpw ssIIfpw \mephipw Imep
Ifpw D-h\msWv {]knamWv . Atlw `qansbbpw
BImi- sbpsamw krjvSnp. Atlw kIepw
{]W- anm tbmKy\mWv . PePohnIfpw ePohnIfpw
BImi-NmcnIfpsamw Atls {]W-anpp. {]mW
kenwKnbmWv inh. inh XsbmWv {]mWenwKn.
CwK- acq]- \mWv inh. inh Xs PwKakzcq].
{]mWenwKnIfn X]- kznIfn t{ijvTcmWv. inh`
\mb Nmf\pw t{ijvT\mb {]mWenwKnbmWv . {]mW
I K
N P
760
enwKn Xs t{ijvT. BXnYyw Adnbph inh
Xs cp{Z. cp{Z Xs {]mWenwKn. thsdmcmf.
Bm ]ca-in-hZztbm Kpcp inh KpcpWmw
kh hnizanZw hnizat{W [mcyw ssZhm [o\w
PK- ZnZw XZv ssZhw Xm- {XmXv X\ptX Xt
ssZhw Kpcp- cnXn KpcqWmw kh- m- \nXmw
Kpcpam Zta-XZw ]c{_ {_m kzm\p `qXn
Kpcp intJm tZh Kpcp inh Gh enKw D`tbmc`n
- XzmXv b{X KpcpkvX{X inhx inhKpcpkzcqt]m
atl- izc inhtbmKn\ inh]qPm]tY Kpcp ]qPm
hn[u N atl- izc inhtbmKn\ inh ]qPm]tY
Kpcp]qPm hn[u N atl- izc ]qP\mapm enwKm
`ntjIw \nmey Kptcmc`ntjI Xow atl-
iz- c- ]m- tZm- ZIw P- am- en- \yp- m- f- bn tXjmw
{]oXn inh{]oXn tXjmw Xr]v Xn inh- Xr]v Xnw
ssX ]mh\o hmk tXjmw \nck\w inh \nc
k\w B\ ]cm bWx Xkvamnhw {hPp Kpcpw
{]Pp ]tXyh ]mh\w
Cu Bmhv {_cq]hpw inhcq]-hpamIpp. Kpcp
inhcq]amWv. Kpcpmv Cu hnizsamw inha{m
IamtXpv. Cu {]]w tZhm[o-\amWv. a{m
[o-\amWv ssZhXw B ssZhw Xs Fs Kpcp. Kpcp
fmepw kh- mcpsS Kpcphmepw \nnXamb Cu
Aw ]c{_ cq]- amIpp. kzm\p`hw sImp thWw
{_w a\nemm. tZh\mb inh Xs ]caKp
cp. Kpcphmb inh enwK- kz-cq]\mWv. \ncmImc {_
ns Nn-amWv inhenwKw. FhnsS Kpcphpv AhnsS
inh\pv. B atlizc Kpcpkz-cq]\mIpp. {`aIoS
knm {]Imcw kZm inhs\ Bcm[np km[I
kzbw inh Xs Bbnocpp. inhenwKs A`n
tjIw sNpXp sImv kIe ]m]fpw Zqcnem
Ipp. Kpcphns\ ]qPnpXpsImpw inh\v A`n
tjIw sNp- XpsImpw Pmc ]m]fpw Zqcn
emIpp. kIescbpw kv t\lnpXpw inh t{]aw
Xs. kIe PohnIfpsSbpw kwXr]vXn inhsbpw
kwXr]vXnbmWv. temI \nck\w inhs \nck-\amIp
p. Cu t_m[hpw hnthIhpw D-h Fpw B\
bp- \mbncnpw. inhs\ icWw {]m]npI. Kpcphns\
icWw {]m]npI.
cpt{Zm]\njv kam]np.
emwKqtem]\njv
1
3
imn]mTw
Hmw B]ymbp aamwKm\n hmIv {]mW
px t{im{XatYm_ean{nbmWn N khmWn
khw {_tm]\njZw amlw {_ \ncmIpcy
amam {_\ncm ItcmZ\ncmWakvXp A\ncmI
cWw ta kvXp XZmm\n \nctX b D]\njXv
kp [mkvtX abn kp tX abn kp Hmw
imnx imnx imnx
Fs Awi ]pjvSn {]m]ns. hmv {LmWw
Npv _ew kth{nb Fmw ]pjvSn {]m]n
s. kIe D]\njpIfpw {_ kzcq]fmWv.
F\nv {_s ]cnXyPnm\nSbmIcpXv. {_w
Fs ssIshSnbmXns. D]\njv [
Fn \nesImffpamdmIs. Hmw imnx imnx imnx
1. Ix khnXm Im kmhn{Xn? Antch khnXm
khnXm ]rYnho kmhn{Xo k b{Xmnkv XXv
]rYnho b{X hm ]rYnho X{XmnkvtX tZz tbm\n
kvXtZIw anYp\w
2. Ix khn Xm Im kmhn {Xn ? hcpW Gh
khnXm B]x kmhn{Xn k b{Xm hcpWkvXZm
t]m b{X hm Xm]kvXZv hcpW kv tX tZz tbm\n
XtZIw anYp\w
3. Ix khnXm Im kmhn{Xo hmbptch khnXm
BImi kmhn{Xo k b{Xhmbpkv XZmImtim
b{X hm BImikv XZzmbp kv tX tZz tbm\o
XtZIw anYp\w
4. Ix khnXm Im kmhn{Xo b Gh khnXm
Omwkn kmhn{Xn b{X b kvX{XOmwkn
Q
I K
N P
761
b{X hmOmwkn k b kv tXtZztbm\o
XtZIw anYp\w
5. Ix khnXm Im kmhn{Xn? kv X\bnXv \ptch
khnXm hnZypXv kmhn{Xo
Xmsg sImSpncnp {Iaa\pkcnv AwK\ymkw
sNWw.
Hmw `px \tam AwKpjvTm`yw \ax inctk
kzmlm Hmw `ph Xtam XP\o`ymw \ax inctk
kzmlm Hmw kz \tama[yam`ymw \ax inJmssb
hjSv Hmw alxA\manIm`yw \ax t\{X{Xbmb
hjSv Hmw P\x I\n jv Tn Im`ymw \ax
t\{X{Xbmb hjvSv Hmw X]x IcXehrjvSm`yw
\ax Akv{Xmb ^Sv
ssIIqn IpI ASv h{PmwKw ]nwK t\{Xw
Fp XpSnb [ym\tmIw sNmWw. C{XbpamWv
am\tkmhNmcw. ]qPnXn\ptijw
Hmw \tam `KhtX `mhm\e Imemn l\p
atX P\{intbm PbPohnXmb [hfoIrXPK
{b h{P tZl h{P]p h{PImb h{PXp
h{ Pap J h{ Pap J h{ P_mtlm h{ Ptcma
h{Pt\{X h{PZ h{Picoc kIemImb
{ ioaIc]n wKfm D{ K{ ]fbIme cu{ Z
hocm`{ZmhXmc, ic`kmess`chtZmZem
]pcn Zl\ DZ[newL\ Zi {Koh IrXm
koXmhnizmk, Cuizc]p{X ARv P\KZv kw`qX
DZb`mkvIc _nw_\f {KmkI tZhZm\h Ejn
ap\nhy ]mip]Xmkv{X {_mkvss{X _e\m
cmbWmkv {X ImeinImkv {X ZImkv {X
]mimtLmc \nhmcW ]mip]Xmkv{X {_m
kv{X ss_ehmkv{X \mcmbWmkv{XayU kh
in {Kk\ aamcmIc ]chnZym \nhmcW
Bhn Zym kwcIAnZo]v X AYhW
thZkn kv{XoImemn \ncmlmcI_mlpthK
at\mthK { io cmaXmcI ]c { _ hn iz
cq]Zi\ evaW {]mW{]XnjvTm\Ic e
Pemn a t`Zn kh i{Xq Onn aa
sshcnWx JmZb JmZb UmIn\o hn[zwkt\\
kp{Koh kJyIcW \njv If Ipamc{_
Nmcn ZnKw_c kh]m] kh]m] kh{Kl
IpamcKrl khw tOZb tOZb t`Zb `nn
`nn JmZb JmZb SwI SwI XmUI XmUI
amcb amcb timjb timjb Pzmeb Pzmeb
lmcb lmcb tZhZw \mib\mib AXn
timjb AXntimjb aa khw N l\pam
c c Hmw {lmw {low {lqw lpw ^Sv tL
tL kzmlm
Hmw \tam `KhtX N {]Xm] l\patX
almhocmb khZpxJ hn\mimb {KlaWv Ue
`qXae t{]X ]nimN Xe kthmm\b
AXn `bc Pz c amtliz c Pz chn jv Wp
Pzc{_Pzc thXmf {_cmk Pzc]n
Pzc tjva kn]mXIPzc hnjaPzc ioXPzc
GImlnI Pzc, ZzmlnI Pzc ss{XlnI Pzc
NmXpnI Pzc AamknI Pzc amknI Pzc
jmknI Pzc kmwkcnI Pzc AyKX
Pzc alm]kvamc Pzc {ianIm]m\w t`Zb
t`Zb JmZb JmZb {lmw {low {lqw lpw ^Sv
tL tL kzmlm
\tam `KhtX NnmaWn l\patX AwKiqe
An iqe incqe Kpev]iqe DZc iqe t\{X
qe KpZiqeISIiqemPm\piqe LeUmiqe
lkv Xiqe ]mZiqe Kpev ^ iqe hmXiqehn
iqe hmbp iqe kv X\iqe ]cnWmaiqe
]cnLm iqe ]c_mWiqe Ziqe Ipniqe
kpa\iqe khiqem\n \nqeb ssZXyZm\h
Iman\o thXmf {_cmk tImemle \mK
]mim\hmkpIn XX ImtmSI enwK ]Xv
aI IpapZ PzctcmK ]m imlX alm amco Ime
]mi hnjw \nhnjw Ipcp Ipcp Hmw {lmw {low
{lqw lpw ^Sv tL tL kzmlm
Hmw {low {iow ow mw ow p Hmw \am
`KhtX ]mXmf KcpUl\patX ss`h _\ KXP
knwtlmfo ]mi_p tOZb tOZb {]fb
amcp X Imemn l\p atX ir Jem_w
tambtamb kh{Klw tOZb tOZb aa
kh ImcymWn km[b km[b {]kmZw c
Hmw {lmw {lnw {lqw {lo tamw ss{`{kmw
mw ow {Imw {Iow{lmw {low {lw ss{lw {]x
{lmw {low lp J J Pb Pb amcW taml\
Lq Lq Za Za amcb J tJ {lmw {low
lpw lqw
^Sv tL tL kzmlm
Hmw \tam `KhtX Imemncp{Zl\patX
{`mab {`mab eh Ipcp Ipcp Pb Pb lk lk
amZb
amZb { ]Pz eb ar Ub ar Ub {Xmkb
{Xmkb kmlk kmlk hib hib imab
imab Akv{X{Xniqe Uac JKx Ime arXyp
I]me JSzmwK Jc Aab izmizX lpw lpw
AhXmb AhXmb lpw lpw A\ `qjW ]c
X{ ]cb{ iX iX kl{k tImSn tXPx
]pRv P ap t`Zb t`Zb An w _b
kh{Klw _b _b A\mZn ZpjvS\m
I K
N P
762
Km\mw hn lw l\l\ khhn jw _b
_b h{P Xp DmSb amcW taml\
hioIcW kv Xw`u Ppw`WmIjtWmmS\
aneu hntZzjW bp XamWn _b
_b Hmw Ipamco ]Z{Xnl mc {_mWn{K
aqtb {Kma hknt\ AXn ]qimb
khmbp[ [cmb kzmlm Abmb tL tL
tL tL Hmw eee {Lm {Lu kzmlm Hmw lemw
leow leq lpw lpw tL tL kzmlm
Hmw {imw {iow {iqw {iw Hmw \tam ZK ]tX
`{Z Pm\nIS cp{Z hoc l\patX Sw Sw Sw ew ew
ew tZhZZnKw_ccmjv SalmityjvSmwK[c
Ajv Salmss`ch \h{_kz cq] Zz mZim
tXP {XtbmZi tkmaapJ hoc l\pam
kv Xw`n\o tamln\o hiIcnWo X{ I kmh
bh \Kc cmPapJ _u_e kpJaIcapJ
knwl Pnlzm apJm\n _b _b kv Xw`b
kv Xw`b hym{LapJ kh hynImn Pzmem
hnjw \nab \nKabkhP\ sshcn apJw
_b _b ]m]lc hoc l\p am
Cuiz cmhXmc hmbp \\ ARv P\o kpX
_b _b {iocma N{tkhmIx Hmw {lmw
{lmw {lmw Bb {lmw mw {Low {Iow bw t`
{`{Zx lSv JSv JSv khP\ky Zriw e emw {iow
{low {low a\x kv Xw `b kv Xw `b `Rv Pb
`RvPb A{Znw {low {low a\x kvXw `b kvXw
`b `RvPb `Rv Pb A{Znw {low h{low {low
khw low low kmKc lo lo aa kh a{
X{ knw Ipcp Ipcp kzmlm {iocma N{
Dhm] {io almtZh DhmN {io hoc`{Zkv Xu
DhmN {Xn kyw b ]tTcx
apIfn kqNnn hn[n am\knI ]qP sNbvX
Xn\p tijw Xmsg sImSpp a{ DcnWw.
a{ D]tbmKsSpn tlmahpw \Smw.
1. Hmw \tam `KhtX `mhm\e Imemn
l\patX c
c Hmw {lmw {low {lqw lpw ^Sv
tLtL kzmlm
2. Hmw \tam `KhtX NnmaWn l\patX
\nhnjw
Ipcp Ipcp tL tL kzmlm
3. Hmw {low {iow ow mw ow pw Hmw \tam
`KhtX
]mXmf KcpU l\patX hmcb hmcb
tL tL kzmlm
4. Hmw \tam `KhtX Imemn cp{Z
l\patX {Lm {Lm
kzmlm lpw ^Sv tL tL kzmlm
5. Hmw {imw {io {ipw ss{i {i \tam
`KhtX `{Z Pm\nI
cp{Z hoc l\patX lo lo kmKc
lo lo hm hw
kh a{mmYhW thZ knnw
Ipcp Ipcp kzmlm
Cs\ cmaN{\pw inh\pw hoc`{Z\pw hoc`{Z
AhtcmSpw ]dp.
bmsXmcph {]`mXnepw a[ymnepw ky
pw CXv ]Tnpp. Abmv kIeXpw e`nm\nS
hcpp.
emwKptem]\njv kam]np.
imn ]mTw
Hmw B]ymbp aamwKm\n hmIv {]mWp
t{im{X atYm _ean{nbmWn N khmWn khw
{_tm]\njZw amlw {_ \ncmIpcymw am am
{_ \ncmItcm Z\ncmIcWakvXz\ncmIcW ta
AkvXp XZm\n \nctX b D]\njp [m
kvtX abn kp tX abn kp Hmw imnx imnx
imnx
Hmw Fs AwKfpw, hmv, {]mW, Npv,
t{im{Xw, _ew, C{nb Fnhbpw ]pn {]m]n
tW. Fmw D] \n jZp amb {_amWv. Rm
{_s \ncmIcnm\nS bpmImXncn tW. {_w
Q
h{PkqNntIm]\njv
1
3
I K
N P
763
{_s \ncmIcnm\n ShcmXncntW. {_ Fs
]cnXyPnmXncntW. F\npw {_n\pw Xn
At`Zyamb _w DmIm\nShc tW. Rm {_ n
\nv AIem\nShcmXn cntW. B]cmcmb hyn
Iv bmsXmcp [ tkhy fmbn D]\njp
I A\pimknptm Ah Fn \nesIm tW. Hmw
imnx imnx imnx
1. Hmw h{PkqNnw {]hyan
imkv{X am\t`Z\w
`qjWw m\lo\m\mw
`qjWw m\Npjmw
Am\s \innpXpw m\ lo\v `qj
WambntXmmhpXpw m\NppIv `qjWhp
amb h{P kqNntIm]\njns\ n ]dbmw.
2. {_ {Xnb sshiy iq{Zx CXn NXzmtcm
hm kv tXjmw hm\mw { _mW Gh
{][m\ CXn thZhN\m\pcq]w kvarXn`nc]ypw.
X{X tNmZyakvXn tIm hm {_tWm \ma, Inw
Pohx, Inw tZlx, Inw PmXnx, Inw m\w, Inw
I, Inw [mnI CXn
{_mW, {Xnb, sshiy, iq{Z Fv \mep
hfpv. Chcn {_m W {][m\ \msWv Fp
thZw A\pimknpp. kvarXnIfnepw As\ ]dn
cnpp. ChnsS tNmZyapZnpXv {_mW BcmsW
mWv. Ah Poh\mtWm tZlamtWm PmXnbmtWm
m\amtWm IamtWm? [mnIX XzamtWm?
3. X{X {]Ytam Pothm {_mW CXn tN
AXo Xm \m K Xm t\ I tZ lm\mw Poh ssky I cq ]
XzmXv GIkym]n IhimZt\ItZlkw `hmXv
kh i co cmWmw Poh sskyI cq ] z m .
Xkvam Pothm {_mW CXn.
Poh\mWv {_msWp ]dm AXn\v km[yX
bn. `qX`hnjyXvIme fn At\Iw icoc fn Dm
bnpXpw `mhnbn DmIm t]mIpXpamb Poh
Fmw Hpt]msebmWv.
Im\pkc WamWv At\Iw icoc fn AXv P\n
p Xv. Fm icocp Poh\pw GI`mhamWp
Xv. AXpsImv Poh {_mW\mIphm Xcan.
4. Xln tZtlm {_W CXn tN \. B
NmemZn ]cym\mw a\pjymWmw ]m `uXn
ItXz\ tZlky GIcq]XzmXv PcmacW [m
[mZnkmayZi\mXv {_m Wx tizX hx
{Xntbm chx sshiyx ]oXhx iq{Zx
IrjvWhx CXn \nbam`mhmXv ]n{XmZnicoc
Zlt\ ]p{XmZo\mw {_lXymZntZmjkw`hm
XkvamtZtlm {_mW CXn
tZlamtWm {_mW F tNmZyw DZn mhp
XmWv. AXp km[ya. Nme apX kIe a\pjy
cpsSbpw icocw Hpt]mse Xs ]`qXm IamWtm.
Ahcn hmIyw, acWw, [w, A[w Fnh
sbmw Hpt]msebmIpp. {_mW shfp \nd m
c\pw {Xnb Nph \ndm\pw sshiy a\ndm
c\pw iq{Z Idp \ndmc\pw Bbn cnWsav
bmsXmcp \nb ahpan . am{X a, ]nXmhn sbpw ktlmZ
c sbpw icoc Zml {In b I sNp XpsImv ]p{XmZn
Iv {_l XymZntZmj kw`hnpn. AXp
sImv tZlhpw {_Wm\mIm Xc an .
5. Xln PmXn {_mW CXn tN X{X
PmXycPpjz t\ IPm Xnkw`hml jtbm
_lhx kn Ejy irwtKm artKymx, IuinIx
IpimXv, Pmw_ptIm Pw_pImXv, hmev aotIm hevao
ImXv, hymkx ssIhI\yImbmw ii]rjv TmXv
KuXax hknjv T Dhiymw AKkv Xyx Ieti
PmXn CXn {ipX XzmXv GtXjmw PmXym hn\m
]ymt{K m\ {] Xn ]m ZnXmx Ejtbm _lhx
kn. Xkvam PmXn {_W CXn.
PmXnbmbn cnptam {_m W? AXp km[ya.
ImcWw `n PmXnbns] PohnIfn \npw At\Iw
aljnam P\nnpsv ]d bsSpp. amt]S bn
\n EjyirwK\pw Ipibn \n IuinI\pw Pw_pI
\n \nv Pmw_pI\pw hevaoIn \n hmev aoInbpw
apphIpamcnbn \n hymk\pw ii]pjvTn \nv
KuXa\pw Dhinbn \n hknjv T\pw IpSn \n
AKkvXy\pw P\np F ]dbsSpp. Cu aljnam
sc mhcpw PmXn IqSmsX Xs apn\m Xs m\n
Ifmbncpp. AXpsImv PmXnbmWv {_mWs\v ]d
bm \nhrnbn.
6. Xln m\w { _mW CXn tN
{XnbmZtbm f ]n ]camZint\m A`nmx
_lhx kn Xkvamm\w {_mW CXn
m\w {_mW\mIptam? AXp ]dbm \nhrn
bn. ImcWw At\Iw {Xn bm ]camZin I
Bbnonpv. AXpsImv m\w sImpw {_m
W\mIpsa ]dbphm km[ya.
7. Xln I {_mW CXn tN k
thjmw {]mWn\mw {]mc_v[knXmKman I
km[yZk\mXv Im`nt{]cnXm ktm P\mx
{Inbmx IphoXn Xkvam I {_mWCXn
Iw {_m W\mIptam? AXp ]dbphm {]bm
kamWv . Fsm kIe PohnIfpsSbpw ]mc_v[hpw
knXhpw BKman bpamb Ifn km[yw
I K
N P
764
ImWs Spp. AXn\m Im t{]cnXambn mWv
Poh {]hnpXv Xqew Iw {_mW\mIm
Xcan .
8. Xln [mntIm {_mW CXn tN {Xn
bmZtbm lncWyZmXmtcm _lhm kn Xkvam
[mntIm {_mWCXn
[mnIX {_mW\mIptam? AXn\p km[yXbn.
ImcWw At\Iw {XnbmZnI kzZm\w sNbvXp
sImt Ccnpp. AXn\m [mn I\mb hynbpw
{_mW\mIm sRcpw.
9. Xln tImhm {_mtWm \ma, bx InZm
m\a Zzn Xobw PmXnKpW{Inbmlo\w jUqn
jUv`mthXymZn khtZmjclnXw kXym\m
\m\kzcq]w kzbw \nhnIev]atijIev]m
[mcatij`qXmcymantXz\ham\ avX _ln
mImihZ\pkyq Xa Jm\kz`mha {]tab a
\p`sshIhZya ]tcmX bm`mk am\w IcXem
a eI hXv kmm Z] tcmo IrXy IrXmbm
ImacmKmZn tZm jclnXx iaZamZnktm `mh
amcy XrjvWm imtamlmZnclntXm Zw`mlm
cm Zn `n ckw ]r tNXm hX Gh ap e
tWm b k Gh {_mW CXn {ipXnkvarXn
]pcmtWXnlmkm`n{]mbx A\yYm ln {_mWXz
knn\m kv tXyh kn Zm \ m m\ aZzn Xobw
{_`mhtbZmm\w knZm\w {_`mhtbZn
Xyp] \n jXv .
B \nebn BcmWv {_mW? AZzn Xob ambpw
PmXnKpW{Inbmc lnXambpw jUqnjUv`mhmZn kh
tZmjc lnXambpw kXym\ kzcq]ambpw kzbw
hnIev ]lo\\mbpw kIe Iev]pw B[mc`qX
ambpw kIe `qXfnepw Acyman bmbpw BImisa
tmWw Dnepw ]pdpw hym]nncnpXmbp]w AJ
m\ kzcq]ambpw A{]tabambpw A\p`sshIth
Zyambpw {]XytXz\ tim`npXmbpw D Bm
hns\ ssI encnp s\n t]mse kmmXv
cnv IrXm\mbpw Ima cmKmZntZmjclnX \mbpw ia Z
amZnk\mbpw am cyw, Xrjv W, Bi Ch shSn
h\mbpw Zw`w, Almcw Ch ssIhn h\mbpw bmsXm
cm Ignbpp Ah Xs bmWv {_mW Ft{X
{ipXn ]pcmWfn CXnlmk ChbpsSsbms
A`n{]mbw. CXn \npw `nambn asmcp Xenepw
{_mWyw e`nn. Bmhp XsbmWv knZm\
kzcq]sapw AZznXobsapw [cnv a\pjy {_`m
hs Idntb XmWv.
h{PkqNntIm]\n jv kam]np.
ict`m]\njv
1
3
imn ]mTw
Hmw `{Zw It`nx irWpbma tZhm `{Zw
]tiy am `n cy P \{Xmx nssc cw ssK kv Xp
hmw kkv Xp`nhytia tZhlnXw bZmbpx
kzkvXn \ Ct{m hr{ihmx kzkvXn \ ]qjm
hniz thZmx kzkvXn \kvXmtym Acnt\anx
kzkv Xn t\m _rl kv ] XnZ [mXp Hmw imnx
imnx imnx
tZhmsc, R I fm awKfw {ihn s.
IpIsImv awKfw ImWtW. kpZrV fmb AwK
fmepw icoc mepw \nsf kv XpXnpsImncn s.
tZhm Rv \n bnnp Bbpp apgph
R A\p`hntW. almIonam\mb C{\pw
kh \mb ]qjmhpw Rp \ sNtW. A{]
Xntcm[yKXnbmb KcpU Rv \ ssIhcptW.
_rlkv ]Xn Rv \ sN tW. Hmw imnx imnx
imnx
1. AY ssl\w ss]emtZm {_WaphmNt`m
`Kh, {_hn jvWpcp{ZmWmw at[y tImhm[n
I Xtcm t[ybx kym Xz tah t\m{_q loXn
Xkvssa k tlmhmN ]nXmal tl ss]emZ
irWp hmIytaXXv
_lq\n ]pWym\n IrXm\n tb\ I
tXss\h e`yx ]ctaiztcm f ku I
Q
I K
N P
765
bkymwKtPm lw lcncn{apJymx I
tamlm Pm\n kptc{apJymx II
Asmcn ss]emZ aljn {_mhn t\mSv
tNmZnp: `Khms\, {_mhv , hnjv Wp, cp{Z Ch aqp
t]cn IqSpX [ym\ tbmKy\mcmWv? Cmcyw Av
Rv ]dp XcWw. ]nXmal\mb {_mhv ]d
p. ss] emZ, Rm ]dbp Xv tIq. bmsXmcp ]c
taizcs AwKn \npw Rm kw`qX\mtbm B
]c ta iz cs\ {]m]npI AXv alm ]pWyimenbmb Hcp
h\p am{Xta km[npIbpq. hnjv Wphpw C{\pw apw
tamlhim Ahs\ Adnbpn.
2. {]`pw htcWyw ]nXcw atlizcw I
tbm {_mWw hnZ[mXn Xkvssa I
thZmw khm {]lntWmXn Nm{Kyw I
Xw ssh {]`pw ]nXcw tZhXm\mw II
kIepw {]`phpw t{ijvT\pamWh. ]nXmhpw
]c taizc \pamWv. Ah Xs {_mhns\ [mcWw sNp
p. thZsf \nbnpXv Ah Xs. Ah
Xs {]`phpw tZh]n Xmhpw.
3. aam]n hnjvtWmP\Iw I
tZhaoUyw tbm f x Imte
khtemIm kwPlmc II
Fsbpw hnjv Wphnsbpw P\ I\mWh. Ah
XsbmWv temImhkm\ kabv kIe temc I
sfbpw kwl cn pXv.
4. k GIx t{ijvT kh imkvXm k Gh
hcnjvT tbm tLmcw thjammbm ic`mJyw
atlizcx \rknwlw temIlmcw kwP Lm\
alm_ex
Ah GI\pw t{ijv T\pw kIeXpw `cnp h\pw
hcnjvT\pamIpp. B alm_ehm Xs bmWv ic `n
s cq]w [cnv temIl mhmb \rknwls\ h[n Xv.
5. lcnw lcWw ]mZm`yma\pbmn kptcizcmx
am h[o ]pcpjw hnjvWpw hn{Iakz alm\kn
6. Ir]bm `Khm hnjv Wpw hnZZmc \ssJx
Jsscx Nmw _tcm alm hotcm hoc `t{Zm
_`qh l
hnjvWphns\ Imen ]nSnp cp{Z sImpt]mIp
tm tZhmscmw Atls A\pKanv cp{Zt\mSv
{]mn p. {]t`m, ZbhpsNbvXv ]pcptjma\mb
hnjv Wphns\ h[n cpXv. Av alm\mWtm. Av Pbn
s. Atm cp{Z Xs Iq \J fm hnjvWp
hns\ ]nfp. Atlw Nmw_c \mb almcp{Zs\pw
hoc `{Zs\ pap t]cpIfm Adnb s p.
7. k GtIm cpt{Zm t[ybx I
kthjmw khkntb I
tbm {_Wx ]ah{lm I
Xkvssa cp{Zmb \tamkvXp
B cp{Z XsbmWv kh knnZmXmhpw kw]q
Py\pw {_m hns ] apJw \in n Bcp {Z\v
\a kv Imcw.
8. tbm hnkv^penw tK\ eemStP\ I
khw PKXv `kvakmXv kwItcmXn I
]p\ krzm ]p\c]yctZhw I
kzX{w {]I SoItcmXn
Xkvssa cp{Zmb \ax AkvXp
Xs s\nbnse An sImv kIe PKpw `kv a
ambn hopw krnp. AXns\ kwc np cp{Z\v \a
kv Imcw.
9. tbm hma]mtZ\ PLm\ Imew
tLmcw ]t] f tYm lmemlew Zlw
Xkvssa cp{Zmb \tamkvXp
Xs CSs ]mZm Imes\ h[nh\pw Pzen
p lmem lew ]m\w sNbv X h \p amb cp{Z\v
\a kv Imcw.
10. tbmhma ]mZmn XhnjvWp t\{X
kvXkvssa ZZu N{IaXoh lrx
Xkvssa cp{Zmb \tam AkvXp
BcpsS hma]mZnemtWm hnjv Wp Xs IpI
FSpv AnXv. BcmtWm kp\mbn hojvWphn\p
N{Imbp[w sImSpXv B cp{Z\mbn smv \akv Imcw.
11. tbm Zbt kpckwLm hnPnXy
hnjvWpw __tmcK]mti\ hocx
Xkvssa cp{Zmb \ax AkvXp
Zbm Kn kI e tZ hm scbpw tXmev ]nv
hnjv Wphns\ tmepw \mK]mim _n n almho
c\mb cp{Z\v \akv Imcw.
12. tbm eoessbh {Xn]pcw ZZml,
hnjvWpw Ihnw
tkmakqcymnt\{Xw kth tZhmx ]ipXm
ahm]px kzbw XkvamXv ]ip]Xn _`qh
Xkvssa cp{Zmb \ax AkvXp
I K
N P
766
Ifn bnsetmWw \njv{]bmkw {Xn]pXmsc Pbn
h\pw kqcy, N{, An Fo aqp t\{X tfmSp
IqSnb h\pw khtZhmpw A[oi\pw As\ ]ip
]Xn F t]cn\m {]kn \pamb cp{Z\v \akv Imcw.
13. tbm ayIqmZnhcmlknwlm I
hnjvWpw {Iaw hma\mZnhnjvWpw I
hnhn_w ]oUyam\w kptciw I
`kvaoNImc aYw baw N Xkvssa
cp{Zmb\tam f kv Xp
hnjv Wphns AhXmc fmb ay Iqhcml
\cknwlmZnIsftmepw {IaoIcnh\pw ImatZhs\bpw
bas\bpw `kvaoIcnh\pamb cp{Z\v \a kv Imcw.
14. Ghw{]ImtcW _lp[m {]Xpzm I
am]bmamkp\oeIWvTw atlizcw I
Xm]{XbkapZv `qX P arXyp PcmZn`nx I
\m\mhn[m\n ZpxJm\n Plmc ]ctaizcx
tZhm Cs\ ]e hn[w kvXpXnv At]n
tm Atlw Xm]{Xb sfbpw ParXypPcmZnIsfbpw
\inn p.
15. Ghw ass{ {]myam\x I
Bm ssh khtZln\mw I
itcm `Khm\mtZym I
cc kIemx {]Pmx II
Cs\ ]e a{fm {]mntm BZn`Khm
\mb ic B cq]n Fm {]PIsfbpw cnp.
16. bZv ]mZmwt`mcplZzzw I
arKytX hnjvWp\m kl I
kvXpXym, kvXpXyw atlim\
ahmMv am\k tKmNcw I
17. `ym \{aXt\m hnjvtWmx I
{]kmZ aItcmZzn`px I
btXm hmNm \nht I
A{]m]y a\km kl I
B\w {_tWm hnZzm I
\ _nt`Xn IZmN\
hmWnpw a\ n\pw AtKmNc\pw khYm kh
hn [n ep kvXpXnIpw Al\pw hnjv Wphn\p
t]mepw ]mZ Iae {]m]vXnv B{Klw tNph\pw
Bb `Khm atlizc `ntbmsS \akvIcn hnjv Wp
hn {]k\mbn GsXmns\ {]m]nmsX hmv a\
tmSp IqSn aS ppthm B {_ sn Adn h
Hcnepw `bsSpn.
18. AtWmc Wobm altXm alobm I
Bky Ptm \nlnXw Kplmbmw I
Xa{IXpx ]iyXn hoX timtIm I
[mXpx {]kmZlnam\aoiw
Cu Bmhv AWphns\ m AWphpw hepXn t\
m hepXpamIpp. khPohnIfpsSbpw A`mKv
lrZb Kplbn \nhknpp. alm\mb B Cuizcs\
timI c ln X \mb hyn `K hXv {]kmZw sImv
ImWpp.
19. hknjvT sshbmknIhmatZh I
hncnnapssJylrZn `mhyam\x I
k\pPmXmZn k\mX\mssZy
cotUym atltim `Khm\mZntZhx
hknjvT ipI hmatZh XpSnb aljnamcpw
{_mZnIfmb kIetZhmcpw Bsc kZm [ym\nptm,
k\ pPmX k\mX\ XpSn bhcpsS \ncc
kv XpXnv Bcv ]m{XamtWm As\ bp `Khm atl
iz c BZn tZh\mWv.
20. ktXym \nXyx kh kmo atltim I
\nXym\tm \nhnIevt]m \ncmJyx I
ANny in `Khm Kncoix I
kzmhnZybm Iev]nXam\ `qanx I
atlizc kXykz cq]\pw \nXy\pw khkm
nbpw \nXym\ kzcq]nbpw \nhnIev]\pw A\nh
N \o b \p am Wv . At l ns in h km \ an .
Am\w sImmWv \mw At l ns m\mZnIsf
kev]np Xv.
21. AXntamlIco ambm I
aa hnjvtWm kp{hX I
Xky ]mZmw_pP [y\m
pkvXcm kpXcm `thXv II
kp{hX, Atl ns amb Fsbpw hnjvWphn
s\bpw tamlnnpXmWv. AXns\ XcWw sNpI
km[yasnepw Atlns ]mZ [ym\nm
AXns\ kpKa ambn XcWw sNm IgnbpXmWv.
22. hnjvWp hnizPKtZym\nx I
kzmwi`qssXx kzssIx kl I
aamwikw`thm `qXzm I
]mebXyJnew PKXv II
kakv X {]mWnItfbpw krnp hnjv Wp kzmi
amIp PohnItfmsSmw Fs Awin \np Xs
bmWv D hnpXpw hniz]cn ]me\w sNpXpw.
I K
N P
767
23. hn\miw ImetXm bmXn I
XtXm\yXv kIew arjm I
Hmw Xkvssa alm{Kmkmb I
almtZhmb iqent\ I
at\mlcmb arUmb I
Xkvssa cp{Zmb \tam f kv Xp
khpw Ime{ItaW \inpp. Cu {]]w anYy
bmWv. AXn\m kIeXpw {Kknph\pw iqe[m
cnbpw almtZh\pw atl {i\pw Ir]mhmcn[nbpamb cp{Z\v
\a kv Imcw.
24. GtImhn jvWpal Zv`pXw I
]rYIv `qXm\yt\Iix I
{Xo temIm hym]y `qXmm I
`pvtX hnizZrKhybx II
Fm krnbnepw hnjv Wp Fmn\npw `n\m
Wv. Atlw kh`qXfpsSbpw Dn Xs hym]n
n cpp sImv kIe t`mKfpw A\p`hnpp.
Fnepw Ahyb \mIpp.
25. NXp`n NXp`n I
Zzm`ymw ]`ntch Nx I
lpbtX N ]p\Zzm`ymw I
k ta hnjvWpx {]koZXp
GsXmcp hnjvWp `Khm\mtWm \mepw Fpw Apw
BlpXnI sImSpXv B hnjvWp Fn {]k
\m bncn s.
26. {_mWw {_lhnx I
{_mu {_Wm lpXw I
{_ssh ic`x kmmXv tamtZm f bw
almapt\
Anp lhnv {_w Xs. AXv {_amIp
Imhp aptJ\ {_amIp An bm tlman s
Spp. CXpw {_w Xs AXpsImv kam[n \mb
tbmKnv {_s Xs bmWv {]m]nm\p Xv.
27. icm PohmkvXZw tijp I
`mXn \nXyw lcnx kzbw I
{_th ic`m kmmXv I
tamtZm f bw almapt\
Poh Xs icw. AXn `Khm lcn \nXyhpw
{]Imiam\ambn cnpp. {_w Xs bmWv ic`w. AXv
kmm tamw {]Zm\w sNpXmWv .
28. ambmhimtZhtZhm I
tamlnXm aaXmZn`nx I
Xky almyteimwiw I
hpw tI\m]y iIytX II
BcpsS ambm {]`mhmemtWm tZhm t]mepw
aaXm tamlnXcmbn cn pXv As\bp B tZhs
alnabpsS Hcwiw t]mepw ]dhm Bpw iIya.
29. ]cmXv ]cXcw {_ I
bXv ]cmXv ]ctXm lcnx I
]cmXv ]cXtcm loix I
XkvamXv Xpteym[ntIm \ln
]cmXv]c ambnpXv {_hpw AXn\p ]c ambnpXv
hnjvWphpw AXnepw ]cambXv Cuizc\pamWv Atl
t m henb ht\m kat\m Bbn Bcpan.
30. GI Gh inthm \nXyx I
XtXm f \yXv kIew arjm I
XkvamXv khm ]cnXyPy I
t[ybmXv hnjvWzmZnIm kpcm
31. inh Gh kZm tybx I
khkw kmc tamNIx I
Xkvssa alm {Kkmb atlizcmb \ax
\nXy\mbnpXv Htc Hcp inh Xs. ap sXmw
anYybmWv. AXpsImmWv. hnjvWp XpS nb kakvX
tZhmscbpw XyPnv kwkmc tamNI\mb Atls
[ym\n t Xv . kh kw lm c I \mb atl iz c\v
\a kv Imcw.
32. ss]emZw almimkv{Xw I
\ tZbw bky IkyNnXv I
\mkvXnImb IrXLv\mb I
Zphrmb Zpcmt\ II
33. Zmw`nImb \riwkmb I
iTmbm\rX `mjnsW I
kp{hXmb kp`mb
kphrmb kpioent\ II
34. Kpcp`mb Zmmb I
immb EPp tNXtk I
inh`mb ZmXhyw I
{_ Itm [oatX II
I K
N P
768
35. kz`mssbh ZmXhy
aIrXLv\mb kp{hX I
\ ZmXhyw kZm tKm]yw I
bXvt\ss\h ZzntPma I
ss]emZaljnv e`n Cu atlm imkv{Xw
Bpw sImSpcpXv . \mkvXn I, IrX Lv\, Zphr
Zpcmmhv Zmw`nI, \riwk, iT AkXyhmZn
Fn hv Hcnepw sImSp cpsX {hX [mcnbpw
bYm `\pw ip {hX\pw kpioe\pw Kpcp`\pw
iaZahm\pw [mnI\pw inh`\pw {_I \nc
X\pw `\pw IrXLv\ \ m h\pw Bb hynv Cu
imkv{Xw \IWw. Cu KpWfp Bscbpw Innbn
sn Bpw sImSpmsX kqnp XmWpNnXw.
36. GXXv ss]emZw almimkv{Xw tbm f [ntX
{imhtbXv ZznPx k PactWt`ymaptm `hXn
tbm Pm\otXm tkm f arXXzw N KXn K`
hmkmZznaptm `hXn. kzkvtX bmXv ]ptXm
`hXn. {_ lXymXv ]qtXm `hXn. KpcpX ev]Ka
\mXv ]qtXm `hXn. k khm thZm A[ntXm
`hXn. k khm tZhm [ymtXm `hXn. kk
akvX ]mX tIm]]mXImXv ]qtXm `hXn. XkvamZ
hn ap am{intXm `hXn. k kXXw inh{]ntbm
`h Xn . k inh km bqPy taXn \ k ]p\ cm
htX \ k ]p\ cmhtX {_h `hXn.
CXyml `Khm {_tXyp]\njXv.
ss]emZs\ kw_np Cu almimkv{Xw
kzbw ]Tnp h\pw ap hsc tInpIbpw sNp
h P\ \ ac Wn \nv tamN\w t\Spp. CXdnbp
h AarXzw {]m]npp. Ah\v ]p\Pan. aZy
]m\nbpw kphWtNmc\pw {_lXy KpcpXev]Ka
XpSnb alm]m] fn \np t]mepw tamN\w e`np
p. khthZfpw A`ykn ^ew Inpp. khtZh
mscbpw [ym\nmep ]pWyw Inpp. kIe]mXI
fn \npw D]]mXIfn \npw ap\mIpp.
Cs\ ap\mbnov inh{]nb \mbn inhkmbqPyw
t\Spp. Ah\v ]p\cmKa\an. Ah {_w Xs Bbn
ocpp. {_mhv Cs\ D]tZinp. ChnsS D]\njv
Ah km\n pp.
ic t`m]\n jv kam]np.
Q
imn ]mTw
Hmw. ]qaZx ]q anZw. ]qmXv ]q
apZ Ny tX. ]qky ]qamZmb ]q tahm
hinjytX
Cu ]c{_w ]qamWv. Cu {]]hpw ]q
amWv. ]q {_n \nv ]q {]]apmIp
p. ]q n \nv ]qs FSppmepw
]qw Xs Ahtijnpp. Hmw imnx imnx imnx
1. lcn Hmw
a\ Gh a\pjymWw
ImcWw _tamtbmx
_mb hnjbmkw
apssy \nhnjbw kvarXw
2. kamkw kZm Nnw
Ptmhnjb tKmNtc
btZyhw {_Wn kyXv
tIm \ aptNyX _\mXv
3. Nntah ln kwkmc
kvXXv {]bXvt\ tim[tbXv
bnkvXtbm `mXn
KplytaXXv k\mX\w
4. \m thZhn\ptX Xw _rlw
\m{_hnXv ]caw ss{]Xn [ma
hnjvWp {Imw hmkptZhw hnPm\
hnt{]m hn{]Xzw KtX Xz Zio.
imSymb\otbm]\njv
1
3
I K
N P
769
a\pjycpsS _ \ n\pw tam n\pw ImcWw
a\ pX sbmWv. hnj bmk amb a\v _\
n\pw hnjb hn apJamb a\v tamn\pw ImcW
am Ip p. hnjbmk a\p {_mk am bm
BcmWv kwkmcnse ParXyp PcmZnIfn \nv
tamN\w t\Sm Xncn pI? Fmhcpw A`ymkm
Nnw {_ n ebnnm a\pjy {_a b \mIpw.
Cu XXzw cl kyhpw k\mX\ hpamWv .
thZXXzw {Klnm h\v AXv al mbncnpIbn
. Ah AXns\ AwKoIcn n . {_ m\ lo\
]cahpw kzbw {]Imihpamb [mas {]m]npn.
XXzZinbpw hnthZnbpamb {_m\n hym]I\pw
kh\pw khmZymanbpamb hmkptZhs\ kzkz
cq]n Adnv Pohpn t\Spp.
5. AYml bXv]cw {_ k\mX\w
tb t{i{Xnbm AImalXmx A[obpx
imtm Zmx D]cXkvXnXnjp
tbm\qNmt\m ly`nP u kam\x
6. XytjtWmly\rWkvXw hnZnXzm
au\n \nhtkZm{ita b{XIp{X
bYm{iaw Nmacw kw{]hniy
btYm]]ow ]am{Xmw Z[m\x
]ns Imahnapcpw k\ImZnIsf tmse ]c{_
kzcq]m\nIfpamb thZ mcpw {_ kzcq]ambn
s `hnpp. As\bp imcpw Zmcpw PntX
{nbcpw hnjb kwXr]v Xcpw ]cmMvapJcpw ]c {_s
Adnbpp. Ah aqp hn[ nep EW fn \npw
ap cmbn {_s Adnv au\bp cmbn B{ia
fn hknpp. Ah Anaamb k\ymkm{ia n
{]thinv D]]nb\p {Xn ZmZn ] am{X I [cnv
tamw {]m]n pp.
7. {XnZap]hoXw N
hmkx Iu]o\ th\w
inIyw ]hn{X antXyXZv
ZznZrbmZymh Zmbpj
8. ]tXmkvXp btX am{Xm
kvXm am{Xm {_tW {ipXm
\ XytPZymhqXv {Imn
cty]n \nJt\Xv kl
9. hnjvWp enwKw Zzn[m t{]mw
hya hy tah N
Xtbm tcI aln Xyzm
]X tXyh \ kwibx
10. {Xn Zw sshjvWhw enwKw
hn{]mWw an km[\w
\nhmWw kh[mmWm
anXn thZ\pimk\w
{XnZw, D]hoXw, Iu]o\w, inIyw, ]hn{Xw Ch
PohnX Imew apgph\pw [cn Ww. Ch Apw k\ymkn
IfpsS {_am{XIfmWv . Hcn epw Ch ssIshSnb cpXv.
tZl XymKtmsSmw Ah icoc tmsSmw IpgnnSWw.
Cu hn]v^penwKw hymhy kzcq]n cp hn[
apv. GsXnepw Hpt]nmepw k\ymkn ]XnX
\mIpw sshjvWhenwKsap ]ddbp {XnZw {_m
Wv apn km[\amWv . CXv thZm\pimk\hpw \nhm
Wkz cq]hpamWv.
11. AY Jep tkmay IpSo NtIm _lp ZtIm
lwkx ]c a lwkx CtXytX ]cn {hmPIm Xp
hn[m `hnx kh GtX hnjvWp enwKn\x inJn
t\m]hoXn\x ipNnm Bm\am\m {_
`mh bx ip Nn{Zqt]m ]mk\m cXmx P] ba
htm \nbahx kpioen\x ]pWy tmImx `h
n. XtZX ZpNmhypm IpSoNtIm _lpZIm]n
lwk ]calwk CXn hrXym N `nmx kh GtX
hnjvWp enwKw Z[m\m hyXymhyw _lnc
\nXyw
12. ]bm thZ incx {]hnmx
{Inbm]tm]o kwKXm {_ hnZymw
Xyzm hraqew {inXmk
k\ykvX ]pjzm cktahmiv\p hm\x
hnjvWp {IoUm hnjvWp cXtbm hnapm
hnjvWzmI hnjvWptahm]n bn
kuaym, IpSoNI _lpZI lwk ]c alwk
Cs\ k\ymkn am \mephn [nepv . Ahscmw
hnjv Wp enwK[mcnIfpw inJbpw btm]hoXhpw [cn
p hcpw hnip am\kpw {_`mh\ tbmsS Nn{Zqt]m
kzmkIcpw cq]w bmaw Fnh A\pjvTnphcpw
\nba ioemcpw Da kz`mhnIfpw hnime Ion am
mcpamWv. CXns\ kw_n EpIfpv . IpSoNI
_lpZI lwk ]c alwk Fnh AhcpsS `n
hrnIfm \mep hn[ amWv. Fmhcpw hymhyhpw
_mlym`yc cq]hpamb hnjv Wp enwKw [cnpp. Ch
scmw ] bmnImcpw (P]w, tlmaw, X]v, kzm[ym
bw, m\w) D]\njXv m\nIfpw kz[m\pIqe
hrnIfpw {_ hn Zysb Bi3bn phcpamIpp.
Ch kwkmchrw Dt]nv AXns aqe`mKamb
{_s B{ibnpp. IImw hnv kmc `qXamb
XXzw t\Sphcpw BWv. Ch _mly{IoUn shSnp.
I K
N P
770
hnjvWphn t\mSpIqSn {IoUnpp. Pohp cmb Ch
hnjvWp Xs. AhcpsS Bmhv hnjvWp[ym\\ncXambn
IrX IrXyambn hn pp.
13. {Xnkyw inXx kv\m\w
XWw amP\w XYm
D]m\w ]b m
IpcymZma cWmnIw
14. Zi`nx {]Wsshx k]vX
hymlrXn`nx iNXpZm
Kmb {XoP ] b
{Xnkyw inckm kl
15. tbmKbx kssZIm{Ky
`ym tkhm ltcKptcmx
Alnwtkm Xp Xt]mbtm
hmMva\x ImbI`nx
aqp kyIfnepw kv\m\w XWw am\w D]
m\w ] bw Fnh Xobmbpw sNWw.
]v Hmw Imcw Ggp hymlr Xn I klnXw NXpjv] Zm
Kmb{Xn P]bw sNWw. Ftmgpw GIm{K a\mbn
`ntbmsS tbmK\mb `Khms\bpw Kpcphn s\bpw
tkhnWw. a\km hmNm IWm AlnwkbmIp
Xt]mbw sNWw.
16. \mt\m ]\nj Z`ymkx
kzm[ymbw b CucnXx
HmanXymm\ a]ymt{Km
{_Wyku qtlmXn bXv
17. m\bx khntbx
kh btm tam ax
m\ Zmx m\ inJm
m\ btm ]ho\nXx
18. inJm m\abn bky D]hoXw N Xbw
{_Wyw kIew Xky
CXn thZm\p imk\w
kzm[ymbw Fp ]dbpXv Fm D]\n jpfp
sSbpw A`ymkamWv. Hmw FpcnpsImv {_mnsb
BmlpXn sNpp. AXv D tam a amb m\b
amWv . ChbpsS m\amWv Zw. m\w Xs
inJ; m\w sX btm]hoXw; m\ab knJm
bp\pw m\abb tm]Pohnbpamb hynbpsS
kh hkvXpfpw {_kzcq]sav thZw A\pimkn
pp.
19. AY Jep tkmssaytX ]cn {hm PI bYm
{]mZp `hn XYm `hn... Imat{Im[ tem`tam
l`w`Zkqbm aaXzmlw ImcmZnwkvXn Xocyam\m
ham\u \nm kpXpXo N hPbnXzm hr Ch
Xnjv TmtkXv. OnZyamt\m \ {_qbmXv XssZhw
hnZzmwkx Cssl hm arXm `h n. XtZ Xar Nm
]ypw _pan{Xa\ptamZbnXzm \thpamtWm
Zzzklx {]imXx {]mNoapZnNow hm \nh
bw tcXv.
kuam Cu k\ymkn am Imaw, t{Im[w tem`w,
tamlw, `w`w, Zw, Akqb, aaX, Al mcw Fnhsb
XcWw sNbvXv am\w, Aham\w \n {]iwk Fnh
ssIhnv hrstmse \nesImpp. C s\ bp
m\n I Cu temIn Xs Pohp cmb hntZ
l mscv ]db s Spp. kpJZpxJmZnI klnv im
cmbn Ingpw hSpw ZnpIfn kzmm\pcq]s
A\pimk\w sNbvXv \nte]mcmbn Ah ]cyS\w
sNpp.
20. ]m{Xo Zo bpKam{Xm]temIo
inJo apo tNm]hoXo IpSpw_o
bm{Xmam{Xw {]XnKrlvW a\pjymXv
AbmNnXw bmNnXw hmY ss`yw
]m{Xhpw Zhpw [cnv Hcp \pImSv AIse am{Xw
t\mn PSm[mcnIfpw apnXcpw D]hoXn Ifpw icocw
am{Xw IpSpw_amnbnv Dhcpambn Ah k cn
p {]mW \ne\nm thXp am{Xw a\pjycn
\nv `nbmbn hmmw.
21. armhem_q^e] ]m{Xw
oWw uaw XrWw ImPnt\N
]qammZ\w kymZlXw hm hnapx
22. EXpku aptbam{Xw
\mt[m \mw PmXp inJmw \ hm]tbXv
NXptcm amkm\ {[ph ioeXx
kymXv k bmhXv kp]vtXm
Acmm ]pcptjm hnizcq]x
23. AXym\Ymu ]p\cpntX f kv an
kz Ien]vkp hnltcZzm htkZzm
tZhmyKmtc Xpcpaqte Kplmbmw
htkZkw tKm f enX ioehrx
24. A\nt\m tPymXncnthm ] imtm
\ tNmZzntPZpn tPZy{X Ip{X
I K
N P
771
25. Bm\w tNZznPm\obm
ZbakvaoXn ]qcpjx
Iman IkyIm amb icoca\p kwPztcXv
26. Xtah [otcm hnmb
{]mw IphoX {_mWx
\m\p[ymbmZv _lp i_vZm
hmtNm hnm]\w ln XXv
a]m{Xw, acm{Xw, Npc bv, Iphfn Imbv Ch
bnsemtm CeXpnbpmnb ]m{Xtam GXp Inptm
AXv ssIsmmw. InSvIIm achpcnbmIWw. ]p
sImv Xo I, CesImp ]pXv Ch BImw.
IpSn NI Xe ap\w sNt. EXpknIfn
lwkmv ucw sNnmw. NmXpamkImev Htc
m\v Ignb Ww. `Khm hnjvWp \n{ZC \nv
DWXn\ptijw hopw If\pjv Tnv AhnsS
s hknpItbm ap m\ tXSpItbm sNmw.
tZhmebntem hraqeIfntem Kpl bntem hkn p
Xv Daw. AhnsS \nwK\mbn P\kwk clnX
\mbn hndInm Ant]mse {]im\mbn BtcmSpw
tm`anmsX Ignb Ww. Xs Bmhv {_ cq]w Xs
bmsW dnp Ignm FpImWnmWv icoc t]m
jWw. [oc \mb {_m\n {_s Xncndnv
AXn Xs _pnsb GIm{KamWw. i_vZmUw _c
n apgpIcpXv . Fsm AsXmw shdpw hmNmtSm
]amWv .
27. _mteymss\h ln XnjvWtk
nhnZy {_thZ\w
{_hnZym N _mevbw N
\nhnZy ap\ncmhm
28. bZm kth {]apNyt
Imamx tbky lrZn{XnXmw
AY atym f artXm `h
Xy{X {_ kaiv\ptX
sshcmKyn Dd ncnm B{Kln Ww. {_
amsX asmpansp a\nemn, {_s Xncn
dnv sshcmKytmsS Bmcmh\mhWw. lrZbnse
hmk\Isfmw ianptm acW [tmSp IqSnb
h\msWnepw a\pjy arXyplo\\mbn {_m\w
A\p`hnpp.
29. AY Jep tkmtayZw ]cn{hPyw ss\jv TnI
am[w tbm hnPlmXn k hoclm `hXn. k
{_lm `hXn. k {`qWlm `hXn. k alm]m
XIo `hXn. b Camw hnjvWphow \njvTmw ]cnXy
PXn kkvtXt\m `hXn. k KpcpX ev]tIm `hXn.
k an { X { [pKv `h Xn . k IrXv Lv t\m `h Xn .
khkvam temImXv {]NyptXm `hXn XtZXZr Nm
`ypw
kuaym, kzIob amb k\ymk[w Dt]np
Cu ss\jvTnI hocl mhpw {_ lmhpw {`qWl
mhpw amlm]mXInv Xpey\pamIpp. Cu sshjvW
hn \njvT ssIshSnbp\z I\pw Kpcp Xev]Kmanbpw
an{Xt{Zmlnbpw IrXLv\\pw BIpp. Ah Fm temI
n \npw {` \mbn At[mKXn {]m]npp. AXns\
kw_np EpI
30. kvtX\x kpcmt]m KpcpX ev]Kmao
an{X{[qtKtX \njvIrtX bmn ipow
hyahyw hm hn[rXw hnjvWpenwKw
IrXP iptym ZJnssecm`mkm
31. Xyzm hnjvtWmenwKa_lnhm
bx kzm{iaw tkhtX \m{iaw hm {]Xym]nw
`PtXm f ]mXn aqtVm
ss\jmw KXn; Iev]tImSym]n Zrx
32. Xyzm khm{iam [otcm
htktmm{ita Nncw
tamm{iamXv ]cn{`tm
\ KXn kvXky hnZytX
{]mbnw sNbvXm I m aZy]m\nI Kpcp
Xev]KmanI an{Xt{ZmlnI Chv ]m]apcmIm Ign
bpw. Fm k\ymkn {Xn]p{kmZnI Dt]nm Hcp
hn[nepw ]cnip \mhpIbn. B`ychpw _mlyhp
amb hnjvWp enwKw ssIshSnv kzw B{ian
nXnsNpItbm B{iaw ]cnXyPnpItbm sNph
B]n s]Spw. Ahv A\ Imew hscbpw kXvK
Xnbpmhn. [oc khm{ia fpapt]nv tamm{i
an hkn Ww. tamm{ian \nv {`\mbntm
bm ]ns b h\v Hcp taKXnbpw DmIpn.
33. ]mcn{hmPyw irlnXzm Xp
bx kz[t \ XnjvTXn
NypX amcpVNypXw hnZym
ZnXn thZm\pimk\w
34. AY Jep tkmt\y\w k\mX\am [w
sshjvWhow \njvTmw e_v[zm bkv XmaZqjb
htX k `hXn k ]pWytmtIm `hXn. k
temItm `hXn. kthZm tm `hXn k
{_tm `h Xn. k khtm `h Xn. k
kzcmUv `hXn. k ]cw {_ `Kh am]vt\mXn
k ]nXr kw_nt\m _mhm kplrtZm
an{XmWnN `hmZpmcbXn XtZXZr Nm`ypw
I K
N P
772
k\ymk kzoIcnWn\p tijw kz [n
\nv NypXn h h BcpVNypX AXmbXv ]mXInbm
sWv [cnWsav thZw A\pimknpp. ImcWw
Ah {` \mbn. k\mX\amb Cu B[s
hnjvWphns\ kw_np \njv Tsb {]m]n Xn\p
tijw AXns\ ZpjnnmsX ncNn \mbncnph
PntX{nb\pw hnimeIo am\pw {_m\nbpw kh
\pw kzbw {]Imi\pambnov ]c{_s {]m]n
pp. Ah ]nXr tfbpw _p sfbpw kplrp
sfbpw kvt\lnXmscbpw kwkmc kmKcn \nv
Ictb pp. CXns\ kw_np EpI Dv .
35. iXw Ipem\mw {]Yaw _`qh
XYm]cmWmw {XniXw ka{Kw
GtX `hn kpIrXky temtI
tbjmw Ipte k\ykXol hnZzm
36. {XnwiXv ]cmwkv{XnwiXv ]cmw
{Xnwi ]cXx ]cm
Dc bXn [njvTx
]cn{hmUnXn ssh {ipXnx
37. kw\ykvX anXn tbm {_qbmXv
IWvTm {]mWhm\]n
XmcnXmx ]nXc kvtX\
CXn thZm\p imk\w
GXp Ipens] m\n bmtWm k\ymkw
kzoIcnpXv, B k\ymknp app \qdpw tijap
aqqdpw Ipe IrXymcmbn `hnpp. kw\ymkn
apXn ]cw AXnepw D]cnbmbn aqp hwiPmscbpw
XcWw sNn ppshmWv thZmww ]dbpXv. acn
m\mbn InS p Lnepw Rm kw\ymkw kzoI
cnp Fp ]dbph ]nXr sf Ac ISpsa
thZw ]dbpp.
38. AYJep tkm tayaw k\mX \ am [w
sshjv Whow \njv Tmw \mk am]y {]{_q bm Xv .
\m\qNm\mb \m\mhntZ \mhoX cmKmb \mhn
ipmb \m\p]kmb \m{]bXam\kmtbXn l
kvamlpx ZtZX ZrNmZypw
kuaym, k\mX\ amb Cu B [s, hnjvWp
hns\ kw_np \njvTsb \Xpt]mse kzbw BN
cnmsX Bpw D]tZincpXv . thZXz \m
h\pw B t_m[ clnX\pw hoXcmK\m h\pw Aip
Nn\pw Ahn\oX\pw PnmkpJ amh\pw D]
tZin cpXv. CXv kqNn n p EpI
39. hnZym l ssh {_mWamPKma
tKm]mbamw tih[njvtT f lakvan
Akqb Imbm\rPt] iTmb
am am {_qbm hocyhXo XYm kymw
40. btah hnZym{ipX a{]aw
ta[mhn\w {_Ntcym]w
Akvam Camap]kmb kayIv
]coy ZZzmssZzjvWhoam\njvTmw
41. A[ym]nXmtb Kpcpw \n{Znbt
hn{]m hmNm a\km IWm hm
bssYh tX\ \ Kpcp t`mP\ob kvXssYh
Nmw \ `q\n {ipXw XXv
{_m Ws\ kao]nv hnZy Cs\ ]dp. tl,
{_m W, Fs cnpI, Rm \ns \n[nbmWv.
Akqbmc\pw IpSne\pw [q\pw aTb\pambh
Fs D]tZin cpXv. A s\ bmbmte Rm hocyaXn
bmIq. ]cnip\pw A{]a\pw {imephpw ta[mhnbpw
{_ Nmcnbpsav t_m[yw h h\pw Pnmkphpamb
Hcph\v \Xpt]mse ]con Xn\p tijw BXXz {]
t_m[Iamb Cu sshjvWhohnZysb D]tZinpI.
hnZym`ymkn\ptijw a\km hmNm IWm Kpcp P\
sf BZcnm hcpsSbpw Blmcw \ B{Klnm
h ssIsmmdn. AXpt]mse Xs b Xnbpw IrX
Lv\s honse `Ww B{Klnpn Fv {ipXn ]d
bpp.
42. Kpcptch ]tcm [tm
Kpcptch ]cm KXnx
GImc {]ZmXmcw
tbm Kpcpw \m`n\ Xn
bky {ipXw XYm m\w
{kh Xyma LSmw _p hXv
43. Xky tZth ]cm`n
bYm tZth XYm Kpcu
k {_hnXv ]cw t{]bm
ZnXn thZm\p imk\w
CXyp] \n jXv .
KpcpXs ]c aamb [amWv . Kpcp Xs bmWv ]c
amb KXn. Hc cw am{Xw ]Tn n h\v#mbmepw B Kpcp
hns\ tmepw BZcnm h ]TnXpw Ahs X]pw
Ahs m\hpw ]aIense shw t]mse
\miaSbpp. tZhmcnepw Kpcphnepw `nbp {_
m\n ]ca]Zw {]m]npp Fv D]\njpI hy
amp p.
imSymb \otbm]\njv kam]np.
I K
N P
773
imn ]mTw
Hmw `{Z It`n x irWpbma tZhm `{Zw
]tiyam`ncyP{Xm nssccwssK kv Xpjv Tp
hmwkkv X\q`n hytia tZhlnXw bZmbpx
kzkv Xn \]qjmhniz thZmx kzkv Xn \kv Xm
tym Acnjv Tt\anx kzkvXn t\m _rlkv]XnZ
[mXp Hmw imnx imnx imnx
tZhmsc, R ImXpI sImv \XptIp
amdmItW. IpI sImv \Xv ImWm\nShctW.
kpZrVfmb AwK sImpw tZlw sImpw
\nsf kv XpXnm CShctW. ZtPhm Rv
\nbn np Bbpp ap gp h\p w A\p `hnp
\mdmItW. Ionimenbmb C{ Rv \
ssIhcptW. kh\mb ]qjmhv Rv \
hnXdtW. A{]Xntcm[yKXnbmb KcpU Rv
awKfw \Is. Hmw imnx imnx imnx
Hmw Aymbw
imWv Unteym l hm AYhmWmw ]{]
Bmemt`m]mb `qXajv Smw ltbmKa\p{_q
loXn. ktlmhmN AY hm ba\n bamk\
{]mWmbma {]Xymlmc [mcWm [ym\ kam
[tbmjvSmwKm \n { Zi bamx XYm \nbamx
XYm \nbamx Bk\m\yjv Su {Xnx {]mWmbmamx
] {]Xymlmcm XYm [mcWm Zzn {]Imcw [ym\w
kam[nkvXp GI cq]x X{X Alnwkm kvtXb
kXy {_NcyZbm P]am [rXn hnXmlmc
iuNm\n tNXn bamx Zi X{X lnwkm \ma
at\mhmmb Ia`nx `qXlnXbYmm`mjWw
Akv tXbw \ma at\mhmmb Ia`nx ]c{_
thyjp \nkv ]rlXm {_Ncyw \ma khm
hmkp at\mhmmb I`n x kh{ X
ssaYp \ XymKx Zbm \makh`q tXjp x
kh{Xm\p{Kl Bhw \ma at\mhmmb
IaWmw hnlnXmhnlntXjp Pt\jp {]hru
\n hr u hm GI cq ]Xz w am \ma
{]nbm{]ntbjp kthjp XmU\ ]qPt\jp
kl\w [rXn \ma A lm\u tkzjvS _p
hntbmtK XXv {]m]v Xu kh{X tNX]m\w
\n Xmlmtcm \ma NXp mwimh tijI
kpkv \nKv a[pcmlmcx iuNw \mw Zznhn[w
_mly amcw tNXn X{X arem`ymw _mlyw
a\x ipncmcw XZ[ym hnZyme`yw AY
hap\ntbmSv imWvUney tNmZnp.
Bemt`m]mb cq]amb AjvSmwKtbmKsn
F\nv ]dp XcWw. AXp tIv AYhm ap\n ]d
p. baw, \nbaw, Bk\w, {]mWmbmaw, {]Xymlmcw,
[mcW, [ym\w, kam[n Fo FsamWv tbmKmwK
. Chbn bahpw \nbahpw ]p hoXamWv .
Bk\w Fv , {]mWmbmaw aqv, {]Xymlmcw Av ,
[mcW Av , [ym\w cphn[w, kam[n Hv am{Xw,
Chbn Alnwk, kXyw, AkvtXbw, {_Ncyw, Zb,
kmcPyw, a, ss[cyw, anXmlmcw, ]cnipn, Cs\
baw ]p hn[w. AlnwkbpsS Aw at\mhmm
bfmepw Iw sImpw Hcp PohnIsfbpw Hcnepw
ZpxJnnmXncnpIsbXmWv . kXyw FXns
Aw a\km hmNm IWm, ]c{Zhyn \nkv]r
l\mIpIbmWv. {_Ncysam Fm ]cnXnI
fnepw at\mhmfmepw icocw sImp Fmhn[
nep ssaYp\ ]cnXymKamWv . Zb Fm kh{]m
WnItfmSpw Ir]bpmbncnpXmWv. BhsaXv
at\mhmmb Ifm BfpI icnbmtbm sXmb
{]hnmepw Xpey`mhtmsS CcnpsbXmWv.
asbm {]bamtbm A{]nbamtbm ]dbpItbm
]qPnpItbm XmUnpItbm sNbvXmepw klnp
XmWv . krXnbmIs [\\jv Sw kw`hnpItbm
_pfpsS kwtbmKtam hntbmKtam DmhpItbm
sNbvXmepw kZm ZrVNn\mbncnpIbmWv. anXm
lmcsaXv hbn \men semv Hgn nSpIbp w
kv \KvZhpw a[pchpamb Da]Zm `np
IbpamWv . iuNsaXv _mlyambpw Bcambpw D
ipnbmWv Chbn av Pew apXembXp sImpXv
_mly ipn, a\ns ipn BcnI ipn.
BcnI ipn B[ymnI hnZysImt e`nm
km[nq.
2. X]x ktmjmkv XnIy Zmt\iz c ]qP\
kn m { ihW { loaXn Pt]m { hXm\n
Zi\nbamx X{X Xt]m \ma hn[yp Ir{
Nm{mbWmZn`nx icoc timjWw ktmtjm
\ma bZrmtem` kpjv Sn Bkv XnIyw \ma
thtZm [m [tjp hnizmkx Zm\w \ma
\ymbmnXky [\ [m\ymtZ {ibmn `yx
{]Zm\w Cuizc ]qP\w \ma {]k kz`mth\
bYm in hnjvWp cp{ZmZn ]qP\w knm{i
hWw \ma thZmm hn Nmcx {lo\ma
imnteym]\njv
1
3
I K
N P
774
euInI am IpnX IW emw aXn
\ma thZ hn ln X I amtjp { im
Pt]m\ma hn[nhZv Kpcp]ZnjvS thZmhncp am
`ymkx XZznhn[w hmNnIw am\kw tNXn am\kw
Xp a\km [ym\bp w hmNn Iw Zz n hn [
Dsscp]mwipt`tZ\ DsscpmcWw btYm
^ew D]mwip kl{k KpWw am\kw tImSn
KpWw {hXw \mw thtZm hn[n \ntj[m\p
jvTm\ ss\bXyw
]p \nba Xmsg ]dbphbmWv X]v ,
ktmjw, BkvXnIyw, Zm\w, Cuizc]qP\w knm
{ihW, e, aXn, P]w, {hXw. Chbn X]sm
hn[n]qhw IrNv {i Nm{mbWmZnIfm icoc timjW
hcppIbmWv ktmjw Fm ssZthbm
Fsnepw Innbm AXn kpjv Sambncnp
XmWv BkvXnIyw FXv thtZm [m[
amfn hnizknpIsbs{X. \ymbmnXamb
[\ [m\ymZnIsf {im]qw Zcn{Zp sImSpp
XmWv Zm\w {]k`mh\tbmsS bYmin hnjvWp
cp{ZmZnIsf ]qPnpXv Cuizc]qP\w. {lo Fm
thZamnepw euInI amnepw \oNsap
IcpXsSp I sNptm e tXmpI
sbXmWv. aXn FXv thtZmfmb Iam
fn {isbs{X. P]saXv hnYn]qw Kpcp
D]tZinnp a{ A`yknpIbmWv . P]w
hmNnIsapw am\knIsapw cp hn[apv. am\knIw
a\psImv [ym\bpamIpXv ; hmNnIw cp
hn[amWv 1. D kzcnepXv 2. a kzcnepXv
D kzcnep P]m \nnjv S ^ew Inpw
akzcnembm BbncancnbmWv ^ew. am\knI
P]ns ^ew tImSn aSmWv {hXw Fp ]dbpXv .
thtZmfmb hn[n\ntj[sf thhn[w BNcn
pIsbXmIpp.
1. kzkv XnI tKmapJ ]Zv a hoc knwl`{Z ap
abqcmJym\ymk\m\yjv Su kzkv XnIw \maPm
\q thmtc kayIv IrXz m ]mZXte Dt`
EPpImb kamko\ kzkvXnIw XXv {]NtX
2. k thy Zn KpYw Xp ]rjv T ]mtiz
\ntbmPtbXv ZntW]n XYm khyw tKmapJw
tKmapJw bYm
AwKpjvtT\ \n_[v \obmXv lkvXm `ymw hymXv
{ ItaW N Duthm]cn imWv Un eyIrXz m
]mZXte ]mk\w `thtZXXv kthjma]n
]qPnXw
4. GIw ]mZassYIkv an hn\ytkym cqWn
kwnXw CXckvanwkvXYm tNmcpw hocmk\
apZocnXw
5. ZnWw khKpevt^\ Zn tW\ XtYXcw
lkv Xu N Pmt\z kwm]y kz mwKpeo
{]kmcy N
6. hymht{m \ncotX \mkm{Kw kpk
alnX knwlmk\w `thtZXXv ]qPnXw tbmKn`nx
kZm
kzkv XnIw tKmapJw ]w hocw knwlw `{Zw
apw abqcw Fns\ Bk\ Fp hn[apv.
Chbn cp]mZXesfbpw cp appIpw
at[ybmbn kam\ambn shv \nhncnpXns\
kzkvXnImk\sav ]dbpp. apXpIns heXp`mKv
hes appw CSXp `mKv CSs appw tNv
tKmapJw t]mse CcnpXmWv tKmapJmk\w. cp
XpSIfntepw cp ImepIfpsSbpw ]mZ Xe shv
cv ssII sImpw cp ImepIfpsSbpw Xhnc
epIsfbpw hn]coX coXnbn ]SnncnpXmWv ]Zvam
k\w. heXp apnt\mSp IqSn CSXp Imense apns\bpw
CSXp Imense apns\bpw CSXp Imense apnt\mSp
IqSn heXp Imense apns\bpw tNv CcnpIbpw
Ccp Icsfbpw cWSp Pm\pfnepw shbv pIbpw
Ccp Icfnsebpw hncepIsf \nhnshbvpIbpw
sNbvXXn\p tijw \ t]mse GIm{K Nn\mbn
{]kapJ\mbn \mknIm{K`mKv ZrjvSnsb DdnpI
bpw thWw. CXns\ knwlmk\sav ]dbpp. tbmKn
Iv am\yambnpXmWv hocmk\w.
7. tbm\n w hmta\ kw]oUy ta {VmZp]cn
ZnWw {`qaty N at\meyw knmk\anZw
`thXv
8. Kp^u Xp hrjWkym[x koh\ymx ]m
iztbm nt]Xv ]mZ]m tizXp ]mWn`ymw ZrVw
_[zm kp\new
9. `{Zmk\w `thtZXXv khhym[nhnjm hlw
kw]oUy koh\nw kqv amw Kpt^ ss\h
XpkhyXxkhyw ZnW Kpt^\ apm k\
apZocnXw
10. Ahjv S`y [cmw kayIv Xem`ymw Xp Ic
Zztbm lkvXtbm Iqc\ Nm]n m]tbm`n
]qiztbmx
11. kapX incx ]mtZm ZWv UhXv thymav \n
kwn X abq cmk\ taXp kh]m]
{]Wmi\w
12. icocmXmx kth tcmKm hn\iyn
hn jmWn Pocyt, tb\ tI\mkt\\
kpJ[mcWw `hXy i kv XXv kamNtcXv
tb\mk\w hnPnXw PK{Xbw tX\ hnPnXw `hXn
I K
N P
775
bw \nbam`ymw kwbp ]pcpjx {]mWmbmaw
NtcXv tX\ \mUy ipm `hn
CSXp Im sImn tbm\nmaan heXpI
enwKn\p apIfnembn m]nv ]pcnIfpsS at[y
eyapdnv CcnpXmWv knmk\w. enwKn\pw
Xmsgbp koh\nbn cp appIfpw Ddnv ssII
fm ImepIfpsS Ccphisfbpw ZrVambn ]nSnv
\neambncnpXv khtcmKlcamb `{Zmk\amWv .
kqva koh\nsb heXp `mKpIqSn appsIma
n ZnW Kp^m AanshbvpXv ap
mk\amWv . Dw ssII cpw \nepdnv cp
ssIappIsfbpw \m`nbpsS Ccp hifnepw Ahn
shv CcnpIbpw s\nbpw ImepIfpw apIfntemp
s]mn hSnt]mse BImitp t\mnbncnpIbpw
sNpXmWv abqcmk\w CXv kh]m]lcamWv . Cu
Bk\fpsS \nccm`ymkm icocm `mKs
kIe tcmKfpw ianpw. IqSmsX, hnjhpw ianpw.
Ai tbmPn coXnbn A`ymkw \SWw.
Bk\sf Pbnh {Xn`ph\hpw Pbnpshv
]dbmw. ba\nbamZnIfpsS A`ymkw \Snbtijw
{]mWmbmaw A`yknmw. \mUnIfpsS ipoIcW
n\v {]mWmbmaw hfsc saamWv.
\memwJWvUw
AY ssl\ aYhmWmw imWvUney ]{]
tIt\m]mtb\ \mUyx ipm kyp \mUy IXn
kwJyIm Xmkmap Xv ]n IoZrio? Xmky
IXnhmbhx XnjvTn tXjmw Im\n m\m\n
XXv ImWn Im\n tZtl bm\n bm\n hnmX
hym\n XXx khw ta {_qln ktlmhmNmYhm
AtY`w icocw jhXyw KpemIw `hXn
icocmXv {]mtWm ZzmZimwKptem `hXn icocw
{]mWan\m kl tbmKm `ymtk\ kaw \yq\w
hm bx ItcmXn k tbmKn ]pwKthm `hXn.
tZlat[y in Jn m\w { Xn tImWw X]v X
Pmw_q\Z{]`w a\pjymWmw NXpZmw NXpc{iw
hnlw Km\mw hrmImc Xty ip`m X\zo
]mhIo inJm Xnjv TXn KpZmXv ZzwKpeaq[zw
ta{UmXv Zzw Kpem Zt[m tZl a[yw a\pjymWmw
`hXn NXpjv ]Zmw lr[yw hnlKm\mw Xp
a[yw tZl a[yw \hmwKpew NXpcwKpearXv
tk[mbXaWv UmIr Xn Xt[y \m`n X{ X
ZzZimcbpXw N{Iw X {Iaty ]pWy ]m]
{]tNmZntX Pothm{ZanXn Xp ]Rv Pc a[y
eqXn IIm bYm{`aXn XYm Nmku X{X
{]mWcXn tZtlkvan Pohx {]mWm cqtVm
`thXv I
imWv Uney hopw AYhmtbmSv tNmZnp.
\mUnI ipamIpsXs\bmWv ? \mUnIfpsS
kwJyw F{X? Fs\bmWv AhbpsS DXv ]n?
Ahbn F{X hmbpfpv ? AhbpsS m\taXmWv ?
{]hrn FmWv? icocs kw_nv Adntb-
sXmw F\nv ]dp XcpI.
AYhm ]dp: Cu icocw 96 AwKpe{]amWam
Wv. icocs At]nv {]mWhmbp 12 AwKpew A[n
IamIpp. icocn nXn sNp {]mWs\ th
hn[w \nb{nph\mWv DatbmKn icocnse
AnbpsS m\w {XntImWmIrXnbn X]v X kph
ImntbmsSbmWv \mmenIfptSXv NXpc{iw. ]n
IfpsSXv tKmfmImcw. Cu \nebnep Anm\v
t\ Daamb An inJ n Xn sNp p .
KpZn \npw cwKpew apIfnembn enwKn \nv
cwKpew Xmsg a\pjyicocns a[yw nXn sNp
p. \mmeIfpsS lrZba[y`mKhpw ]nIfpsS
hbdpw AhbpsS icocns a[y`mKmWv Cu
a[y`mKw H]Xv AwKpew s]mhpw \mewKpew
hoXnbpw DXmWv . AXns a[yn nXn sNp
\m`nbn ]{v ActfmSp IqSnb N{Iapv. N{I
a[yn ]pWy]m]t{]cnXamb Poh Idpp
{]mW\pw AhnsS Idpp. Poh {]mWs apIfn
Idpp.
\mt`kvXncyK[ Du[zw IpWvUnen\om\w
Ajv S{]IrXncq]m Ajv S[m IpWv UeoIrXm
Ip Wv Uen \o in `hXn bYmhZv hmbp
kmcw PemmZo\n ]cnXx kvI ]m tizjp
\ncpssy\w aptJss\h kamthjv Sy {_
c{w tbmK Imte N A]mt\\ An\m N
pcXn lrZbmImti atlmPzem m\cq]m
`hXn a[y IpWv Uen \oam{in Xy apJym
\mUyXpZi `hn CUm ]nwKem kpjpav \m
kckz Xo hmcp Wo ]q jm lkv Xn Pn lz m
bikzn\o hntizm Zco Iqlqx iwJn\o ]bkzn\o
Aew _pkm Kmmco CXn\mUyXpZi `h
n X{X kpjpav\m hniz[mcnWo tamamtKXn
Nm]tX Kp Zky ]r jv T`mtK hoWm
ZWv Um{inXm aqtm ]cyw {_ct{
hntbm hym kqvam sshjvWho `hn.
IpWv Uen\nbpsS m\w \m`nbpsS himbn
Xmsgbpw apIfnepambnmWv. Cu IpWv Uen\nbpsS
in Fp {]IrXo cq]n Fp hn[w IpemIrXn
tNXmWv. tbmKkabv hmbp kmcw t\scbmn
Pew Aw FnhbpsS \mep `mKp\npw kv I
fpsS ]mizn \ntcm[nv hopw apJn {K-
lnv {_ckw A]m\ An Fnh aptJ\ {]Im
I K
N P
776
inpp. lrZbmImiw AXypPzehpw m\ {]Imin
pp. lrZbmImiw AXypPzehpw m\ cq]hpamWv .
a[ynep IpWv Uen\nsb B{ibnv ]Xnmev
{][m\ \mUnI nXn sNpp. CU, ]nwKf,
kpjpav \, kckzXn, hmcpWn, ]qj, lkv XnPnl,
bikzn\n, hntizmZcn, Iplp, iwJn\n, ]bkzn\n,
Aew_pk, Kmmcn ChbmWv ]Xnmep \mUnI.
Chbn kpjpav\ hnizs [cnpXpw tamam
kzcq]hpsav ]dbsSpp. AXv KpZns ]n`mK
mbn hoWmUWvUw t]mse incn {_c{w
hsc Fpp. AXv kv ]jv SamWv , kqv aamWv ,
sshjvWhnbmWv .
kpjpav \bmx kly`mtK CUm Xn jv TXnx
ZnW`mtK ]nwKem CUmbmw N{zcXn
]nwKembmw chnx Xtamcq ]{x, ctPmcqt]mchnx
hnj`mtKm chnx AarX `mK{am Xmthh
kh Imew [x kpjpav \m Ime t`m{n
`hXn kpjpav \m ]rjv T]miztbmx kckzXo
Iplp`hXx bikzn\o Iplp at[y hmcpWo
{ ]Xn jv Tn Xm `hXn ]q jm kckz Xn at[y
]bkz n \n `hXn Km\ [mco kckz Xoat[y
bikzn\o `hXn Iat[ Aew_pkm `hXn
kpjpav\m ]qh`mtK ta{Vmw Iplp `hXn
IpWv Uen\ym A[tm[zw hmcpWo kh
Kman\o `hXn bikzn\o kuaym N ]mZmwKp
jv Tm an jytX ]n wKfm tNm[z Km bmay
\mkmw `hXn ]nwKfmbmx ]rjvTtXm bmtay
t\{ Xmw ]q jm `hXn bmay IWmw
bikzn\o `hXn Pnlzmbmx Du[zmw kckzXo
`hXn BkhyIm aq[zKm iwJn\o `hXn
CUm ]rjvT `mKmXv klyt\{XmKm Kmmco
`hXn ]mbpaqemXv At[m[zKm Aew_pkm
`hXn GXm NXpZikp \mUojy A\ym
\mUyx kw`hn Xmkp A\ym Xmkz \ymx
`ho Xn hn tbmx bYmiz mZn ]{ Xw
incm`nhym]v Xtahw icocw \mUo`n hym]vXw.
kpjpav \bpsS CSXp `mKv CU \mUnbpw heXp
`mKv ]nwKf\mUnbpw nXn sNpp. CUbn
N{\pw ]nwKebn kqcy\pw kcnpp. N{
XtamKpW\pw kqcy ctPmKpW\pamWv . N{
AarXmwiw, kqcy\mIs hnjmwiw. cp t]cpw kIe
Imefnepw [mcWw sNphcmWv . kpjpav \
Imet`mmhmWv. AXns ]pdIn kckzXo \mUn.
]mizn Iplq \mUn, bikzn\npw Iplqhn\pw
hmcpWo \mUn nXnsNpp. ]qjmhn\pw kckzXn
pw at[y bikzn\n, Ip a[ynemWv Aew_pk,
kp jp av \bp sS ap `mKv en wKw hsc Ip lp
\mUnbmWv . IpWv Uen\nbpsS Xmsgbpw apIfnepw
Xmsgbpw hmcpWo \mUn. bikzn\nbpw kuaybpw
Imens s]cphnc hsc \op InSpp. ]nwKf
apIfntep t]mbn CSs Ip hsc ]qjm \mUn,
CSXp sNhn hsc bikzn\n, \mns apI`mKw hsc
kckzXn, CSXp sNhnbpsS apIfntemv t]mIp
iwJn\n, ]n`mKv CSXp Ip hsc Kmmcn,
KpZmaqem\p \nv apIfntempw Xmtgmpw
t]mIpXv Aew_pk. Cu ]Xnmep \mUnIfpsS
Iqn ap \mUnIfpw Dv. Benebn At\Iw
RcpI ImWsSpXp t]mse icocnepw
At\Iw \mUnI ]cp InSpp.
{ ]mWm]m\ kamt\mZm\hym\ \mK
IqIrIc tZhZ [\Rv Pbmx GtX Zi
hmbhx khmkp \mUjp Ncn Bky \mkn
Im IWv T\m`n]mZmwKpjv T Zz b IpWv Tey[
tm[z `mtKjp {]mWx k cn t{imXmn
ISnKp^ {LmW Kf kv ^nKv tZtijp hym\x
kcXn KpZ tat{VmcpPm\qZc hrjW ISn
PwLm\m`n KpZmrKmtcjz]m\mx kcXn
khknx ]mZlkv Xtbm c]n khKm
t{Xjp khhym]o kam\mx `pm\m ckmZnIw
Kmt{ Xn \m kl hym]b Zz n k]v XXn
klt{kjp \mUoamtjp Nc kam\hmbp
cn\m klkmwtKm]nwKItf_cw hym]vt\mXn
\mKmZnhmbhx ]XzKmZn kw`hmx Xpw
Peaw N ckmZnjp khocnXw XzMv a[yKXx
{]mZkvXm\n ]rYIv IpcymXv At]pc]n Pew
m]y Ptem]cn AmZo\n kwm]y
kz ba]m\w kw{]m]y tXss\ kl amcpX
{ ]bmXn tZla[yKXw Pz e\w hmbp \m
]mentXm]nc]mt\\iss\tZl at[y PeXn
Pzet\m Pvem`nx {]mtW\ tImjvTa`ym KXw Pea
Xypjv WaItcmXv Ptem]cn kanX hy
\ bp aw hn kwbp hmcn Wm
]haIcXv tX\tkzZ aq{X Pec hocy
cq]wk ]pco jmZnIw {]mWm {]YIv IpcymXv
kam\ hmbp\m kckhmkp \mUojp ckw hym
]b izkcqt]W tZtl hmbpcXn \h`n-
thymacss{ icocky hmbhx Ip hn
hnaq{XmZn hnk\w \nizmtkmzmkIm
k { ]mW ItmNytX hn aq { XmZn
hn k\w \n iz tkmz mkImk {]mW
ImNytX hnaq{XmZn hnkP\ alm\ hmbp
I [ymt\m Zm\ tNjvSmZn hym\ I tZl
tkymb \mZnI apZm\ I icoc t]mj
WmZnIw kam\ Iw DZv KmcmZn \mK I
\naoe\mZn Iq pXv IcWw IpIc I
X{m tZhZ I X{m tZhZ I
tijvamZn [\RvPb I
I K
N P
777
Ghw \mUo m\w hmbpm\w XXv I
N kayKv mXzm \mUo
kwtim[\w IpcymXv
{]mW A]m\ kam\ DZm\ hym\ \mKw
Iqw IrIcw tZhZw [\Rv Pbw Fo ]p
hmbp kIe\mUnIfn IqSnbpw kcnpp.S
hmbv aqv Igpv s]mn Fnhbnepw Imense cp
XhncepIfnepw IpWv Uen\nbpsS Xmsgbpw apIfn
epw {]mW kcnpp. sNhn Iv Ac apv aqv
Igpv Fo m\fn hym\\pw aeZzmcw enwKw
apv hbdv hrjWw Ac XpS s]mn Anm\w
Chbn A]m\\pw kcnpp. kam\\mIs
ssIbv Imev ap Ahbh Chbn kh{X
kcnpp. `n A cks kam\ Fgp]
ocmbncw \mUnIfpsS amn sImsnpp.
\mKmZn ] hmbp sXmen An FnhbnemWv .
hbnse {]mWhmbp A ckmZnI XcwXncnpp.
Anp apIfn shw shv Zl\mZnIp]Icn
hn[w hmbp DNnXw I \nhlnpp.
Zl\{Inb t\scbmXnepw Cu hmbp KWob
amb ]v hlnppv. hnbv, aq{Xw, cw, hocyw,
ckw, aew Ch thXncnpXpw hmbp Xs ]noSv
kam\hmbphnt\mSp IqSn Fm \mUnIfnepw ckw
hym]cnnp sImv {]mWhmbp izmkcq]n
icocn kcnp sImncnpp. icocnse
\hZzmcfn IqSn aew aq{Xw Fnhsb hnknn
pXpw hmbphmWv . izmtkmzmkhpw Npabpw
{]mWs IfmsWv ]dbpsSpp. aeaq{XmZnI
sf shfnbntev XpXv A]m\\msWv XyPnpI
{KlnpI. apXemb {]hrnI hym\s IamWv.
Ghpw apw DmpXv \mKamWv . It]mfI
ASbv pXv Iqns tPmenbmIpp. hnip
tXmnpXv IrIcamWv. Bekyw tZhZns
{]hnbmWv. I]cn]mSn anXpw [\Rv Pb\m
\n hln IsSp p . \mUom\w Ahbp sS
I Fnh \hw a\nemn \mUnIse
ipoIcntXpv.
Amw JWvUw
1. ba\nbabpXx ]pcpjx kh kmwKhn
hPn Xx IrXhn Zyx kXy[ ctXm Pn X
t{Imt[m Kpcp ip{iqjm \ncXx ]nXr amXr
hnt[bx kzm{i tam kZmNmc hnZznnnX
^e aqtemZIm\znIw Xt]mh\w {]m]y caytZti
{_tLmj ka\zntX kz[ \ncX {_hnXv
kamhrtX ^eaqe]pjv] hmcn`nx kpkc]qt
tZhmbX t\ \ZoXotc {Km\Ktc hm]nkptim`\
aTw \mXyp\oNmbXaev] Zzmcw tKmabmZnen]vXw
khcmka\znXw IrXzm X{X thZm{{i
hWw Iph tbmKw kamct`Xv
BZu hn\mbIw kw]qPy tkzjv StZhXmw
\Xzm ]qthmmkt\jp nXzm {]mMv apJ
DZMv aptJmhm]n arZmkt\jp PnXmk\KtXm
hnZzm ka{Koh intcm \mkm{K ZrIv {`qat[y
ii`r Xv _n w_w ]iy t\{Xm`yma ar Xw
]nt_Xv ZzmZi am{Xbm CUbm hmbpam]qtcym
Ztc nXw Pzmem heobpXw tcY _npbpa
n aWvUebpXw [ymtbXv, tcN tbXv ]nwKebm,
]p\x]nwKebm B ]qcy Ipw`nXzm tcbtbZnUbm
{XnNXpkv {Xn NXp k]vX{XnNXpamk ]cyw
{Xn kn jp XZcmtfjv T N jSv IrXz m
BNtcmUo ipn `hXn XXx icotc eLp
Zo]v Xn hrn \mZmZn hyn `hXn
hnZym`ymkw t\Snb hyn ba\nbam[oX\pw
khkwK ]cXymKnbpw kXy[mZnIfn XXv ]c\w
BbncnWw. tIm]w \nb{nWw. Kpcp tkhm
XXv ]c\mIWw. tIm]w \nb{nWw. Kpcp tkhm
XXv]c\mIWw amXm]nXmmv hnt[b\mbncn
Ww. icnpw B{ia kZNmcfnbp Kpcphn \npw
hn Zyt\Sn Xt]mh\n seWw. Ahn sS cay
{]tZiv {_tLmjbphpw {_lvam\nIfm
hym]vXhpw^eaqePemZn karhpw Bb Xoctm
{Kmantem ]Wntem DXamb aTw m]nWw.
AhnSw Gsd DbtXm A[nIw Xmgv tXm Gsd
hoXntbm \oftam DtXm BbncncpXv.Ipdp am{Xw
hmXn ep Ifp Xp w NmWIw ap XembXp sImv
sagpInbXpw kpcnXhpambncnWw AhnSw. AhnsS
Abm thZm {ihWw sNbvXv tbmKm`ymkw Bcw`n
Ww. BZyambn KW]Xnsb ]qPnv CjvS tZhXsb
\akvcnv DNnXamb Bk\nencnWw. ]qhm`n
apJamtbm Dcm`napJamtbm arZphmb ]oTnencpv
Bk\]cn{Klw sNWw. Igppw incpw t\scbm
n \mkm{Kn ZrjvSn DdnWw. cp ]pcnI
pw at[y N{aWvUes t\mWw. AarX ]m\w
sNWw. ]{p am{X sImv CUm \mUn aptJ\
hmbp kzoIcnv hbnse Pembptc^_np
klnXw An aWvUetmSpw tNm [ym\nWw.
]nwKfbn IqSn hmbp \ndv Ipw`Iw sNbvXv CUbn
IqSn shfnbntev hnSWw. Cs\ aqtm \mtem amkw
{XnkyIfnepw aqp hoXtam \mep hoXtam CSbn
Bdp XhW hoXtam A`ymkw sNWw. AtXmsS
\mUn ipamIpw. As\ A\pjv TnpXv icoc
emLhw Imn apXhmbh e`nm DXIpXmWv.
I K
N P
778
Bdmw JWvUw
{]mWm]m\ kam tbmKx {]mWmbmtam `hXn
tcNI ]qcI Ipw`t`tZ\ k {Xnhn[x tX h
WmIx Xkv amXv {]Wh Gh {]mWmbmax
]mZymk\x ]pam \mkmt{K ii`rXv
_nw_tPym\m Pme hnXm\nXm Imc aqn
cm lo lwk hmln\o ZWv U lkvXm _mem
Kmb{Xo `hXn DImcaqn tizXmwKoXmy-
hmln\o bphXo N{Ilkv Xm kmhn{Xo `hXn
aImc aqnx IrjvWmwKo hrj hmln\o hrm
{Xniqeh[mcnWn kckzXo `hXn AImcmZn
{XbmWmw kcv UhImcW taImcw ]cw
tPymXnx {]Whw `hXn CXn [ymtbXv CUbm
_mlymXzmbpam ]qcy tjmUiam{Xm`ncImcw
Nnb ]qcnXw hmbpw NXpx jjvSn am{Xm`nx
Ipw`bnXzm Hmw Imcw [ymb ]qcnXw ]nwKebm
Zzm{XnwiXv am{Xbm aImcaqn [ymt\\ Ghw
{ItaW ]pcmx ]p\x IpcymXv.
{]mWmbmasaXv {]mWm]m\kam tbmKamWv . tc
NIw ]qcIw Ipw`Iw Fv AXv aqp hn[amWv. h
mIamIbm {]Whw Xs {]mWmbmaw. ]m
k\w XpSnb GsXnepsamcp Bk\nencpv
hyn \mkm{Kn N{lnwlnse tPym\bm
kamhrXbpw cmwKnbpw lwkhmln\nbpw ZWvUl-
kv Xbpw _mebpw AImcaqnbpamb Km{XnbmWv.
DImcaqn cq]nWnbmb kckzXn IrjWmwKnbpw
hrjmcqVbpw hrbpw {Xniqe lkv XbpamIpp.
Cs\ AImcmZn aqphtfmSp IqSnb Hmw BWv
khn\pw ImcW`qXamb ]catPymXnv Fv
[ym\nWw. ]ns CUm \mUnbn IqSn shfnbnse
hmbphns\ ]Xn\mdp am{Xbn Dntev kzoIcnp
Ibpw AImcs NnnpIbpw sNWw. A\cw
hmbphns\ Adp]n\mep am{Xbn Ipw`Iw sNWw.
B Ln aImcaqnsb [ym\nWw. Cu {Iaw
XpStcXpv.
GgmwJWvUw
1. AYmk\ ZrtVm tbmKo hio anX lnXmi\
kpjpav \ \mUo ae timjmw tbmKo
_n ]mkt\m hmbpw Nt{Wm]qcybYm
in Ipw`bnXzm kqtcyW tcNbnXzm ]p\x
kqtcymWmhym]]qcy Ipw`bn Xz m Nt{Wm
hn tcNybXm XytPbm kw]qcy[mctbXv
XtZtX tmtIm `hn I
A\cw ZrVambXns\pSv tbmKn PntX{nb
\mbn lnXhpw anXhpamb Blmcw Ignv kpjpav\m
\mUnbnse amen\yw timjnnm tbmKm`ymkw
sNWw. Atm ]Xv amk\nencpp N{\mUnbn
IqSn hmbp\ndv bYm in Ipw`Iw sNbvXv kqcy\m
Unbn IqSn tcNIw sNWw. GXp \mUnbn IqSnbm
tWm tcNIw sNbvXv AtX \mUnbn IqSns
hopw ]qcIw sNWw. Xmsg ]dbp tmI Cu
Bibw hyampp.
2. {]mWw {]mKnUbm ]nt_nbanXw
_qtbm\ybm tcNtcXv
]oXzm ]nwKebm kaoca atYm
_zm XytPXv hmabm
kqcymN{atkmct\\ hn[n\m
`ymkw kZm X\zXmw
ip \mUnKWm `hn ban\mw
amk{Xbm Zq[zXx
3. {]mX[ynt\ kmbacmt{XXp
Ipw`hm
iss\cioXn ]cyw NXphmcw ka`ytkXv
4. I\oqbkn `thXv tkzZ Itm `hXn a[yta
DnjvTcypta {]mWtcmt[
]mk\w alXv
5. Pte\ {ia PmtX\ Km{X a\amNtcXv
ZrVXm eLpXm Nm]n Xky
Km{Xky PmbtX
A`ymkImte {]Yaw ikvXw
ocmPy t`mP\w
XtXm`ymtkm nco`ptX \ Xmhnba{Kl
Bcw`n CUm\mUnbneqsS {]mWs\ \ndv
Ipw`Iw sNbvXv ]nwKfm \mUnbn IqSn tcNIw sN
Ww. ]ns ]nwKfbn IqSn ]qcWw sNbvXv Ipw`Iw
sNbvXv CUbn IqSn tcNIw sNWw. Cu hn[n
{]Imcw kqcyN{n\mUnI aptJ\ \nXyhpw {]mWmbm
am`ymkw sNp ]w tbmKnbpsS Fm \mUnIfpw
aqpamkw sImv ipamIpp. {]`mXnepw Dpw
kypw Acm{Xnbnepw Cs\ \mep{]mhiyw
]XpsXps F]Xp am{X hscbp Ipw`Iw
A`yknWw. sNdnbtXmXnse {]mWmbaw sImp
hnbpmIpp. a[yn IapmIpw Dan
]mk\nencpv taev t]mv s]mpw {]mWmbmaL
n DmIp hnbpsImv icocw anWw. AXv
icocs _enjvThpw L\pdhpXpamm klm
bnpp. A`ymkmc`Imepw ]m s\v Ch tN
Blmcw ]YyamWv ]noSv A`ymkw ncambXns\
pSv {]tXyI \nbasampw ]mentXn.
I K
N P
779
6. bYm knwtlm KtPm hymt{Lm `thZv hiyx
iss\x iss\x XssYhtkhntXm hmbpc
\yYm ln km[Iw
7. bpw bpw XytPZzmbpw bpw bpw
N ]qctbXv bpw bpt\ _obm tZhw
knnahm]v\pbmXv
8. btYjv S [mcWmXv hmtbmc\eky {]Zo]\m
\mZm`nhyncmtcmKyw PmbtX \mUntim
[\m
9. hn[nhXv {]mW kwbmssa\mUo Nt{I
hntim [ntX kpjpav\m hZ\w `nXzm kpJmXv
hniZXn amcpXx
10. amcp tX a[ykmtc a\x sscyw
{]PmbtX tbm a\xkpntcm `mthm sskhm
hmat\m\o
knwlw B\ ISph Chsb kmh[m\w hioIcn
Ww. AXpt]mse hmbphns\ kmh[m\w km[Iw
sNbvXm hiwhZamIpw. hn]coXambnmbm km[Is\
s sImpshv hcpw. AXn\m hn[n]qhw
tcNIhpw Ipw`Ihpw ]qcIhpw sNmw. As\sbn
knn ssIhcpw. icnbmb Ipw`Iw sImv An Zo]vXn
bpmIpp. \mUnI ipamIptm \mZipnbpw
BtcmKyhpw DmIpw. AXn\m kpjpav\m \mUnbpsS
apJw t`Znv hmbp kpJambn AXn {]thinpp.
hmbp a[yn kcnptm a\n\v ncX
bpmIpw. icnbmbn a\v ZrVamIptm AXns\
at\m\n Ah Fv hyhlcnsSpp.
11. ]qcImt Xp Ihyx _tm Pme
Im`n [x Ip w`Imt tcNIm Zu Ihy
kv XpWv UbmWIx
12. A[kkvXmXv Ipt\ \mip IWvT kwtim
[t\ IrtX at[y ]naXmt\\ \ymXv {]mtWm
{_\mUnKx
13. A]m\aq[zapm]y {]mWw IWvVmZt[m\
btbmKo Pcmhn\napx tjmUmtim hbkm
`thXv
]qcIn\p tijw HSphn Pmecw Fp
t]cp _w sNWw. Ipw`Imnepw ImZnbnepw
Dnbm\mw thWw. Xmgs aqec{ktmNm
IWv T ktmNw DmIpp. a[y_mKw ]na Znn
tev henptm {]mWhmbp {_\mUnbnse
pp. A]m\s\ apIfntev sImp t]mbn {]mWs\
IWvTn\p Xmsgbmbn sImphv tbmKn hrmhm
clnX\mIpp. ]Xn\mdp hbns sNdpw km[I
\pmIpw.
14. kpJmk\tm Z\mUym _ln w
]h\wkamIrjy BtIim\Jmt{Km Ipw`bnXzm
khy\mUym tcNtbXv tX\ I]me tim[\w
hmX\mUoKX khtcmKkhhn \m\i\w
`hXnlrZbmZn IWvT]cyw kkz\w \mkm`ymw
iss\x ]h\amIrjy bYm in Ipw`bnXzm
CUbm hntcNy K Xnjv T IpcymXv tX\
tjv a lcw Pw cmnlh[\w `hXn ht{W
koXv mc ]qhIw hmbpw KrloXzm bYmin
Ipw`bnXzm \mkm`ymw tcNtbXv tX\ pXv
Xrjv Wm Beky \n{Zm \ PmbtX Pnlzbm
hmbp w Kr loXz m bYmin Ip w`bn Xz m
\mkm`ymw tcNtbXv tX\ Kpeva olm Pzc ]n
p[mZo\n \iyn AY Ipw`Ix Zznhn[x klnXx
tIhetXn tcNI ]q cIbp x kln Xx
XZzPnXx tIhex tIhe kn{Xnjp temtIjp
\ Xky Zp e`w `hXn tIhe Ipw` ImXv
IpWv Uen\n t_mt[m PmbtX XXx Irih]px
{]k hZt\m \ne temNt\m A`nhy
\mtZm \np tcmK Pmtem PnX _np. ]Sz
n`hXn A eyw _lnZrjv Sn \ntatjm
tj hPn Xm Gjm ksshjv Who ap{Zm
khXm Xt{jp tKm]nXm
kpJmk\nencpv hes \mUnbn IqSn
]pds hmbp henv Xe apX ]mZw hsc \ntcm[nv
Ipw`Im CSs \mUnbn IqSn tcNIw sNWw.
As\bmbn I]meipnbpmIpw. hmbp \mUnI
fnse kIe tcmKfpw amZhlrZbw apX IWv Tw hsc
ki_vZw cp \mkmZzmcfn IqSn ]Xps hmbp
henv Ipw`Iw sNbvXv CSbn IqSn tcNIw sNWw.
\Sptmgpw \nptmgpw CXmImw. CXns ^e
ambn I^w hnpamdn PTcmn hnpw. hmbn IqSn
koXv Imcw sNbvXv hmbp\ndv bYmin Ipw`Iw
sNbvXp cp aqn Zzmcfn IqSn tcNIw sNWw.
As\bmbm hniv Zmlw Bekyw \n{Z Ch
DmIn. \mn IqSn hmbphns\ henv bYmin
Ipw`Iw sNbvXpw cp aqn Zzmcfn IqSn tcNIw
sNbvXm Kpevaw ol Pzcw ]nw hniv apXembh
amdpp.
A\cw Ipw`Isn AXv cv hn[nepv.
klnX Ipw`Ihpw tIhe Ipw`Ihpw. tcNI ]qcI
tfmSp IqSnbXv klnXIpw`Iw. AmXv tIhe
Ipw`Iw. tIheIpw`Iw km[nXambm bKnv aqp
temIpw Zpe`ambn HpapmIn. tIheIpw`I
m IpWvUkn\n DWcpp. AtXmsS tbmKn Iri
Km{X\pw {]kapJ\pw \ne t\{X\pw tcmKhnap
\pw Zo]vXmnbpw Bbnocpp. CXmWv sshjv W
hoap{ Z Fm X{ n ep w imkv {Xnep w CXv
tKm]yambn shncnpp.
I K
N P
780
15. A ebhneo\ Nn ]ht\m
tbmKo kZm htX
Zrjv Sm \ne Xmcbm _lnc[x
]iy]n ]iy]n
apt{Zbw Jep tJNco `hXn ku
essyIXm\m inhm
iq\ymiq\y hnhPnXm pcXn km
XXzw ]Zw sshjvWho
16. AtmoenX temN\x nca\m \mkm{K
ZtW
{mmh]neo\Xmap]\b
njv ] `mthm{Xw
tPymXocq]atij_mlyclnXm
tZZo]yam\w ]cw XXzm XXv]cakvXnhkvXp
hnjbw imWvUney hnol XXv
17. Xmcw tPymXnjn kwtbmPy InnZp
ab {`phu
]qhm`ymkky amtmbap\o
ImcIx WmXv
18. XkvamXv tJNcoap{Zm`ytkXv
XtXm\o `hXn
XtXm tbmKn{Zm `hXn e_v[ tbmK
\n{Zky tbm Kn\x Imtem \mkvXn
19. in at[y a\x IrXzm Imtem \mkvXn
inw am\k a[ym\mw a\km a\ BtemIy
imWv Uney Xzw kpJo`hx
20. Jat[y IpcpNmm\am at[y N Jw Ipcp
khw N Jab IrXzm \ InnZ]n Nnb
21. _mly Nnm \ Ihymx XssYhmc
NnnIm khNnmw ]cnXyPy
Nnm{X ]ctam `h
hneo\ hmbp Nn BceytmSp IqSnbh
s\n tbmKnbmWv. \nkamb IaWnbm Xmsg
t\mnbmepw Hpw ImWmXncnpXmWv tJNco ap{Z.
tIhe eyam{Xhpw awKfIchpamIbm CXns\
sshjvWho ap{Zsbv ]dbpp.b AXn iq\ymiq\y
clnXamb XXzw ]ca]Zcq]n {]Iminpp. t_
imWvUney, AtmoenX t\{X\pw ncNn\pw
\mkm{K nX ZrjvSnbpamb tbmKn \n `mh {]m]vXn
tbmsS kqcy N{ \mUnIsfbpw himpp. Cu
Ln ]caXXzns {]Xn`mkw Ah\pmIpp.
IaWnsb tPymXnpambn kwtbmPUnnv cp
]pcnIsfbpw Aev ]w DbWw. CXv ]qhm`ymk
amamWv CXns ^eambn D\mh kwPmXam
Ipp. AXpsImv tJNcoap{Z A`ykntXpv.
AXv D\o Zi e`nm CS sImSppp. AtXp
Sv tbmK\n{Z ssIhcpp. tbmK\n{Z e`n tbmKnv
Ime\n. imWvUney, a\v in a[yn m]nv
a\n\m a\ns\ Iv kpJambn hknpI.
BImia[yn Bmhns\ m]nv Bmhns
aZyn BImis m]npI. khhpw BImia
bamn Hpw Xsbnsv NnnWw. _mlyNn
tbm BcnI Nntbm ]mSn. Cs\ khNnbpw
shSnp _mhssNX\yhc\mIWw.
22. Iqc a\te bZzXv sskhw
kente bYm
XYm N eobam\w k akv XtXz hneobtX
23. tbw kh {]XoXw N XvRm\w a\
DNytX m\w tbw kaw \jvSw \m\y
]mZznXobIx
24. tb hkvXp ]cnXymKXv hnebw bmXn
am\kam\tk hnebw bmtX
ssIheyahinjytX
25. `zu{Iau Nn\miky tbmtKm m\w
ap\oizc tbmKkvXZv hrn tcmt[m
ln m\w
kay KthWw
26. Xkvan \ntcm[ntX \q\ aq]imw
at\m `thXv
a\x kv]m]imymbw kwkmc
{]hneobtX
Anbn Iqchpw shn Dpw ebnpXp
t]mse Xs ebnp tbmKnbpsS a\v XXzn
hnebw {]m]npp. AdntbsXmw AdnbWw.,
AXn\p m\amWv a\v BntXv. m\
hpw tbhpsamw \jvSamIm\nSbmIcpXv tb
hkv Xphns\ ]cnXyPnptm a\v hnebw {]m]n
pp. Nn\min\v cp amfmWpXv .
tbmKhpw m\hpw. tbmKw Fp ]dbpXv Nn
hrnIfpsS \ntcm[amWv. m\sap ]dbpXv
hkv Xphns XXzs bYm cq]nm ImWpI
sbXmWv . a\ns\ \nb{nm Cu kwkmchpw
hnebw {]m]npw. AXmbXv kmwkmcnIamb hymtaml
hpw AXp \nanw DmImhp tifpw \inpw.
27. kqcytemIx ]cnkv] imu hyhlrXn
bYm imkv{X k\ k
sshcmKym`ym ktbmKXx
I K
N P
781
28. A\mJymbmw IrXmmbmw ]qhw kwkmc
hrnjvT bYmZnhmcnX [ym\mnc
taI X tbmlnXmXv
29. GI XXz ZrVm`ymkmXv {]mW
kv]tm \ncp[ytX
]qcImZy\nembmamXv ZrVm`ymkm ZtJZPmXv
30. GIm[ym\tbmKm a\kv ]tm
\ncpytX Hmw
ImtcmmcW {]m i_vZ XXzm\p
`mh\mXv kpjp]vtX kwhnZm mtX
{]mWkv]tm \ncpytX
31. XmepaqeKXmw bXv\mXv
Pnlzb{Iay LnImw
Du[zc{KtX {]mtW {]mW
kv ]tm \ncpytX
kqcys {]h\ hn[m\w imamIptm PK
ns I ]cn]mSnIepw imamIpXpt]mse
imkv {XfpsSbpw k\fpsSbpw kw sImv
sshcmKym`ymk tbmKw DmIbm {]]hpw imam
bnocpp. BZyw kmkwImcnI Imcyfn hncn
bpmIWw. ]ns Gsdmew [ym\hpw ZrVm`ym
khpw Dmbm {]]hpw imambncnocpp.
BZyw kmwkmcnI Imcyfn hncnbpmIWw.
]ns Gsdmew [ym\hpw ZrVm`ymkhpw Dmbm
{]mWhmbphns\ \nb{nm km[npp. Hmw
ImtcmmcWn\ptijw i_vZ XXzm\p`qXn DmIp
Xn\m m\m kpjp]vXnbpsS cq]w a\
nemmw. Atm {]mWs\ Pbnm Ignbpp.
Xmeqaqen nXn sNp {Knsb kmh[m\w
\mpsImv Aaptm {]mWhmbp apIfnse
On{Zn {]thinpp. AtXmsS {]mWs KXn
\ntcm[nsSpp.
32. {]mtW KenX kwenu Xmeq[zw
ZzmZimtK
A`ymkmZqcv[zIt{W
{]mWkv ]tm\ncp[ytX
33. ZzmZimwKpe ]cyt \mkmt{K hnatemw_tc
kwhnXv Zrin {]imaymw {]mWkv ]tm
\ncp[ytX
34. {`qa[ymXcImtemI immh
ap]mKtX tNX
ss\IXt\ _ty {]mW kv ]tm
\ncp[ytX
35. HmantXyh bZqZv `qXw m\w tbmIw
inhw Akwk]rjv S hnIev]mwiw
{]mW kv]tm \ncpytX
36. NncImew lrtZIm thymakwthZ\mpt\
Bhmk\ at\m[ym\mXv {]mWkv ]tm
\ncpZytX
Amn\p apIfn ]{wKpew Zqsc t]mIp
{]mW KfnX tNjvStbmSp IqSnbXmIpp. Atm
A`ymkw sImv apIfnes ZzmcneqsS {]mWKXn
\ncpamIpp. \mkm{Kn ]Xns\mwKpew Zqsc
\nemImin imambn \ntcm[nsSpp.
]pcnIfpsS at[y XmcI {_w Zinm Ignm
imn e`npw AtXmsS euInI hym]mcfhkm\n
pp. am\knI kev ]cw XSbsSpp. {]mWKXn
\ntcm[nsSpp. m\tb awKfambn
Hmmccq]n hnkebnpp. Atm Aev ]hpw
hnIev ]an. IqSmsX B kabw {]mWKXn \ntcm[n
sSpIbpw sNpp. apt\, Gsdmew lrZbn
GImmImim\p`hw DmIp a\v [ymt\mpJ
\mIpp. AtXmsS {]mWKXn \ncpamIpp.
37. G`nx {IssakvXYmss\y \m\mkev]
Iev]nssXx \m\mtZinI h{ss {]mW
kv ]tm \ncpZytX BIpt\\ IpWvUen\ymx
IhmS apXv LmSytamZzmcw hnt`ZtbXv tb\ amtW
Khpw XZzmcw aptJ\mmZy {]kp]vXm IpWvUen\o
IpSnemImcw khtZzjv SnXm `hXn km intb\
NmenXm kymXv k Xp aptm `hXn km IpWvUen\o
IWv TtTm[z _mtK kp]]vXm tNXv tbmKn\mw aptb
`hXn _ \mbmt[m aqVm\mw CUmZn amZzbw
hnlmb kpjpav\mamtW BKtXNv XZn]njvtWm
]caw ]Zw
38. acpZ`yk\w khw at\mbpw ka`ytkXv
CXc{X \ Ihym at\mhrn
a\ojnWmw
39. Znhm \ ]qPtbZv hnjvWpw cm{Xu ss\h
{]]qPtbXv
kXXw ]qPtbZv hnjvWp Znhmcm{Xw
\ ]qPtbXv
40. kpjntcmm\P\Im ]t{kmXx
ka\znXXnjv TtX tJNcoap{Zm Xzw ln
imWvUney Xmw `P
41. khy ZnW\mUotm at[y
NcXo amcpXx
Xnjv TXx tJNcoap{Z Xkvan mt\
\ kwibx
I K
N P
782
Cu {Iafn ]eKpcpmcpsSbpw D]tZia\p
kcnv hnhn[ kev ]fpsS Iev]\bm {]mWKXn
\ntcm[nmw. IpWv Uen\n ktmNnnv tamZzmcw
DpamWw. am IhmSw apJw sImp aqSn IpWvU
en\n Ddpp. IpWvUen\o in Nennph
ap\mIpw. AXv IWv Tn\papIfn Ddpp
Fn tbmKnIv apn {]ZamWv . XmsgbmWpd
psXn Am\nIv _n\v ImcWam
cpw. CU apXemb cp amfpw hnp. kpjpav\m
amneqsS hcWw. ImcWw AXv hnjvWphns ]ca
]ZamWv . hmbphns A`ymkw ]q a\tmSbmIWw.
at\mhrn ap himIcpXv . hnjv Wp ]qP C
Ln thWsasmpan. Ftmgpw ]qPnp
sImncnWw. tIhew ]Item cm{Xntbm ]qPnm
am{Xmw t]mcm. imWvUney, ] {]hmlmIamb m
\IcamWv. AhnsS tJNcoap{Z e`npsaXn kt
lan.
42. CUm ]nwKftbm at[y
iq\yw ssNehm\new
{KtkXv Xnjv To tJNco ap{Zm X{X
kXyw {]Xnjv TnXm
43. tkmakqcy Zztbmat[y \ncmew_Xte ]p\x
kwmXm thyma Nt{I km ap{Zm
\mav\m NtJNcn
44. tOZ\ Nme\Zmssl ^emw]cmw Pnlzmw
IrXzm ZrjvSnw{`qat[y m]y I]me
Ipltc Pnlzm
hn]co XKm bZm `hXn XZm tJNco
ap{Zm PmbtX
Pnlzm N Nnw N tJ NcXn
tXt\m[z Pnlz
]pam \rtXm `hXn hma]mZaqte\ tbm\nc
kw]oUy ZnW]mZw {] kmcy Xw Icm`ymw
[rXzm \m km`ymw hmbpam]qcy IWvT _m
kamtcm]y Du[ztXm hmbpw [mctbXv tX\
kh ti lm\n XXx ]nbqjanh
hnjw PocytX
b Kpeva KpZmh Po Xz
KmZn tZmjm
\iyn Gj{]mW Ptbm]mbx
kharXyp]
LmXIx hma]mZm]mjvWn tbm\nmt\
\ntbmPy
ZnW NcWw hmtam cq]cn
kwm]y hmbp
am]qcy lrZtb ]pWv UIw \n[mb tbm\nam
IpWv Uy at\m at[y bYmin [mcbnXzm
kzmm\w `mhtbXv tX\m]tcmknnx
CUmw]nwKfIfpsS a[ynep iq\y`mKw hmbp
hns\ {Kknpp. AhnsS tJNco ap{Z nXn sNp
p. kXyhpw AhnsS Xs IpSnIqpp. kqcyN
{am cpt]scbpw a[y`mKw \ncmew_amb [cmX
eamWv . AhnsS BImi aWvUen tJNcoap{Z hkn
pp. tOZ\w, Nme\w, taml\w Fnh aptJ\
Pnlzsb icnv ap\bpXmn ]pcnIp at[y
ZrjvSnbpdnv I]meOn{Zn \mv hn]coX KXn
bn t]mIptm tJNcoap{Z DmIpp. \mpw Nn
hpw I]me On{ZamIp BImin kcnptam
apIfntemp tcmb PnlztbmSp IqSnb B ]pcpj Aac
\mIpp. CSXp Imens aqen aqec{aan
heXp Im \on AXv cp ssIsImpw ]nSnv cp
aqn IqSnbpw hmbp \ndv IWvT_n\p apIfn
tIn apIfntemp s]mnb hmbp XSbWw As\
sNbvXm kIe tifpw \inpw. AtXmsS hnjw
t]mepw AarXw t]mse Zlnpp. Kpevaw DZmhnw
]gInb Pbnbmb Cu D]mbw kIe acWsbpw
XSbpXmWv. CSXp Imens Dqnsb KpZ m\p
tNv heXp Imen shv hmbp\ndv at\m a[y
n bYmin [cnv Xs Bmhns\ [ym\nWw.
As\ sNbvXm A]tcm knn ssIhcpXmWv.
46. _mlymXv {]mWw kamIrjy ]qcbn tXzmZtc
nXw \m`n at[y N \mkmt{K ]mZmw KpjvtT
N bXv\Xx [mctb\km kym
Imtejp hm
kZm khtcmK hn\naptm
`thtZymKo KX
a \mkmt{K hmbp hnPb `hXn
\m`n a[ykh
tcmK hn\mix ]mZmwKpjvT [m cWmXv icoce
LpXm `hXn ck\mZv hmbpamIrjybx
]nt_Xv
kXXw \cx {iaZmlu Xp \
kymXmw \iyn
hym[bkvXYm
]pdp hmbp BIjnv hbn \ndbvWw.
AhnsS \nv AXn\s\ \m`o a[ynepw \mkm{K
nepw Imensb s]cp hncenepw a\p aptJ\ lrZb
]qhw [cnWw. Cs\ Fm kybnepw sNp
tbmKn khtcmKhnap\pw oWanmh\pam
Ipp. \mkm{Kn ZrjvSnbpdnm Fm tcmKfpw
I K
N P
783
\inpw. ]mZmwKpjvTn [cnm icocemLhw,
\mn IqSnhmbphns\ BIjnv \nccw Dnem
ph\v oWtam Zmltam DmIpIbn. AXv tcmK
ia\hpamWv.
47. kytbm {_mWx Imte
hmbpamIrjybx
]nt_Xv {Xnamkmky IeymWo PmbtX
hmIv kckzXo
48. Ghw jamkm`ymkmXv kh tcmK
\nhrnx Pnlzbm hmbp am\ob Pnlzm aqte
\ntcm[tbXv bx ]nt_ZarXw hnZzm
kIew `{Zaiv \ptX
49. B\ymm\anUbm [mcbnXzm {Zpthmtc
_nt`Iyx {XnZimlmcw hym[ntm]n
hnapNytX
50. \mUo`ymw hmbpamtcm]y \m`u Xpky
]miztbmx LSossIImw htlZykvXp
hym[n`nx k hnapNytX
51. amktaIw {Xnkyw Xp Pnlzbmtcm]y
amcpXwhntZ`y {XnZimlmcw
[mctbp a[yta
52. Pzcm kth hn\iyn hnjmWn hnhn[m\n
N aplqa]n tbm \nXyw \mkmt{K a\km
kl khw XcXn ]m]vam\w Xky PiXm
InXw
cp kyIfnepw hmbphns\ BIjnv AXv
]m\w sNp {_mWs hmWn aqpamkpn
Xs awKfabnbmb kckzXnbmbnocpp. Cs\
Bdp amks A`yk\m khtcmKhpw ian
pp. \mp sImv hmbp kzoIcnv AXns\
PnKzmaqen \nc[np ]WvUnX AarX]m\w
sNpp. Ah\v khawKf knn. CUm\mUnbm
cp ]pcnIfpsSbpw at[y Bmhn Bmhns\
[mcWw sNbv Xm Ah tZhmcpsS Blmcs
t`Znpp. tcmKap\mIpp. cp \mUnbn IqSn
bpw hmbphns\ \m`nbn BIjnv hbdns Ccp
]mizfnepw Nennph tcmKapamIpp. Hcp
amkw a[y`mKv \ntcm[nph\pw AarX]m\w
e`npp. Ahs Pzc_m[ ]mtS AIepp. hnjhpw
\inpw. Hcp aplq kabsanepw lrZb]qhw
hmbphns\ \mkm{Kn \nXyhpw [cnp a\pjy
s \qdp Pw sImp IppIqSnb ]m]hpw ]cn]q
Xbpw AIepp.
52. XmckwbamXv kIe hnjbm\w `hXn
\mkmt{K Nn kwbamZn { temIm\w
XZ[n kwbamZn temI m\w
Np joNn kwbamXv batemIm\w
t{imt{X Nnky kwbamXv batemIm\w
XXv ]mtiz kwbamXv \nZrXn temIm\w
hmaIt kwbamXv hmbp temI m\w
IWvtT kwbamXv tkmatemIm\w aq[v \n
kwbamXv {_temIm\w ]mZmt[m`mtK
kwbamXv AX e temIm\w ]mtZ kwbamXv
hnXe temIm\w Pw tL kwbamXv kpXe
temI m\w Pm\m kwbamXv almXetem
Im\w Ducu Nn kwbamXv ckmXe
temIm\w ISu NnkwbamXv XemXe
temI m\w \m`u Nn kwbamXv al
temIm\w {`qat[y Nn kwbamNXv Xt]m
emI m\w aq[v\n Nn kwbamXv AXoXm
\mKX m\w Xp [z \u Nn
kwbamXv khPp cp Xm\w kwNn X
IWn Nn kwbamXv A\ymZri cq]w _te
NnkwbamXv l\paZmZn _ew kqtcyNn
kwbamXv Xmcm hyql m\w {[pthXZv KXn
Zi\w kz mkwbamXv ]p cp jm\w
\m`nN{I Imbhyqlm\w IWvT cqt] pXv
]n]mkmnhrn Iq \mUymw sscyw
Xmtc kn Zi\w ImbmtImi kwbamZmImi
ia\w XXv mt\ kwbmamXv XXv
mt\ XZv kntbm `hn.
Inse IrjvWaWntbmSv Nnw kwtbmPnm
kh hnjb m\w knnpp. \mkm{Kn
Nns kwtbmPnnm C{temI m\w e`n
pp. AXn\p Xmsgbmbn A\ne temIm\w,
Inembm kh temIm\w sNhnbn Nns
kwtbmPnnm batemI m\w e`npp. AXns
]miz `mKmbm cmktemI m\w, apXpIn
Bbm hcpW temIm\w, hes sNhnbn
Bbm hmbp temIm\w, IWvTn N{tem
Im\w, incnsen {_temIm\w, Dw
Imens `mKsn AXe temIm\w, Imense
n hnXe temIm\w, Imens knbn \nXe
temIm\w Imens apn kpXe temIm\w,
XpSbn almXe temIm\w, Acbn kwban
tm XemXetemIm\w, \m`nbnsen `qtemI
m\w, hbn _ph temIm\w, lrZbsan
kztemIm\w, lrZtbm]cnbmbm altemI
m\w, IWvTn P\temI m\w, ]pcnI a[y
nsen X]temIm\w, incn kXytemI
m\w, [m[eIfn kwbaw sNbvXm
I K
N P
784
`qX`hnjy m\w, hn`n {]mWnIfpsS i_v Zn
sen AhbpsS i_vZm\w knX Inse
n ]qPm\w, ]cNnnsen ]cNn
m\w, icoccq]nembm aphcpsS t]mse cq]
knnk _en kwbaw sNbv Xm l\pam\pw
ap _ew Inpw. kqcy\n kwbaw sNbvXm `ph\
m\w, N{\nsen \{X aWvUe m\w
{[ph\nsen AXns KXnbpsS Zi\w, kzmn
sen AXns KXnbpsS Zi\w, kzmnsen
]pcpj m\w, IWv Tcq]nsen hnipw, Zmlhpw
CmXmm, Iq \mUnbnsen icochyql
m\w, IWv TIq]nsen hnipw, Zmlhpw
CmXmm, Iq \mUnbnsen sscyem`w,
\{Xfnsen knZi\w, icocmIminsen
BImiKa\w ssIhcpp. Cs\ hn`n m\
fn kwba\w sNbvXm Ah knn {]m]npp.
AY {]Xymlmcx k ]hn[x hnjtbjp
NcXman{nbmWmw _em ZmlcWw {]Xymlmc
bZyXv ]iyXn XXv khamtXn {]Xymlmc
bZyXv ]iyXn XXv khamtXn {]Xymlmcx
\nXyhnlnX I^eXymKx {]Xymlmcx kh
hnjb ]cmMv apJXzw {]Xymlmcx Ajv SmZi
kpa mt\jp {IamXv [mcWw {]Xymlmcx
]m ZmwKp jv T Kp ^ PwLmPm\p cq ]mbp
ta{U\m`n lrZb IWvT Iq] Xmeq\m kmn
{`qa[y eemS aq[v\mw m \m\n tXjp {IamZm
tcmlm htcml {ItaW {]XymltcXv
AY [mcWm km{Xnhn[m B\n at\m[m
cWw Zlcm Imti _mlymImi[mcWw ]rYzn
hy]v tXtPmhmbzmImtijp ] aqn [mcWw
tNXn AY [ym\w XZznhn[w kKpWw \nKpWw
tNXn k KpWw aqn [ym\w \nKpWam
bmYmayw AY kam[n x Pohm ]camss
Iymhm {Xn]pSo clnXm ]cam\ kzcq]m
ip ssNX\ymnIm `hXn.
C\n {]Xymlmcsn ]dbpp. AXv Ap
hn[amWv . hnjbfn s]pgep C{nbsf
_em ]nhenpXns\ {]Xymlmcsap ]dbpp.
Fp tIptm AsXmw BmhnemsWv
a\nempXmWv {]XymlmIw. \nXyhpw sNp
IfpsS ^es XyPnpXmWXv . AXv kh
hnjb hnapJXbmWv {]Xymlmcw. ]Xns\v Ie
fn {ItaW [mcWw sNpIsbXmWv AXns
[w. ]mZmwKpjvTw, KpU^w, PwL, Pm\p, KpZw,
enwKw, \m`n, lrZbw, IWv TIq], Xmeq, aqv, Iv,
{`qa[yw, s\n, Xe Fo `mKfn Btcmlmhtcm
lW {Ian {]Xymlmcw sNtXpv.
[mcWsbn ]dbpIbmsWn AXv aqp hn[
nepv. Bmhn a\ns\ [cnpI ZlcmImi
n _mlymImis [cnpI, ]rYzn, Pew, tXPv,
hmbp, BImiw Fo ]aqnIsf [cnpI.
[ym\s kw_nmsWn AXv cp hn[n
emWv kKpW [ym\hpw \nKpW [ym\aqnsb
[ym\npXv kKpW[ym\w B kzcq][ym\amWv
\nKpW [ym\w. kam[nsbnbmsWn Pohm
]cammfpsS GIo`mh\p`qXnbm mXw tbw
mXmhv Fo {X]pNn clnXamb ip ssNX\y
abamb AhbmWv bYmn kam[n.
cmw Aymbw
1. AY imWv Un teym l ssh {_jn x
NXpjv T thtZjp {_hnZym ae`am\x Inw
\mt\XyYhmWw `Khw D]kx ]{]
A[oln `Kh, {_ hnZymw tb\ t{itbm
A]m]vkymaoXn ktlm hmNmYhm, imWvUney,
kXyw hnmXwa\w {_ bkv an CZw
HmXw N t{]mXw N bkv annZw kw N hnssNXn
khw bkvan hnmtX kh anZw hnmXw
`hXn XZhmWn ]mZaNpct{imX a Pnlzm
aicoca{Kmlya \ntZiyw
A\cw {_jnbmb imWvUney \mepthZ
fnepw {_hnZy e`nm IgnbmXpsImv `Khm
\mb AYhs\ icWw {]m]nv ]dp. `Khms\,
F\nv \ ssIhcpphm Av {_hnZy ]Tnn
p XcWw. AXp tIv AYhm ]dp. imWvUney,
kXyw hnm\w A\w FnhbpsS kzcq]amWv
]c{_w. Chsbmw AXn HmXt{]Xambncnpp.
DZbmkvXab DmIpXpt]mse GXns\ Adn
memtWm khadnbpXv B ]c{_w IcNcWc
lnXhpw t\{XclnXhpw t{imX clnXhpw Pnlbnm
Xpw icochnlo\hpw AKay\pw Ah\obhpw
BIpp.
btXm hmtNm \nht A{]m]y a\km
kl bXv tIhew m\Kayw { ]m
Nbkv amXv {]krXm ]qcWo btZIaZznXobw,
BImihXv kh KXw kpkqvaw \ncRvP\w
\njv Incnbw km{Xw NnZm\ssI ckw inhw
{ ]imar Xw XXv ]cw N { _ XXz ako
Xmt\\ ln hnPm\oln b GtIm tZh
Bin {][m\ khx kthizcx kh
Bin { ][m\ khx kthiz cx
kh`q Xmcm kh `q Xm[n hmkm
kh`qX\nKqtVm `qXtbm\n tbmssKI Kay
I K
N P
785
b hnizw krPXn hn izw _n `n hnizw
`pvtX k Bm B\n Xw Xw temI hnPm
\olo amtimNocm hnm\o timIkymw
KanjyXn
GsXmns\{]m]nmsXbmtWm hmpI a\
tmSp IqSn aSntmIpXv GsXmmtWm m\
KayambncnpXv, bmsXmn \nmtWm, {]mNo\
{]bpsS {]kmcw DmbnpX GsXmmtWm
GIhpw AZznXobhpambncnpXv , \njv {Inb\pw
kXykzcq]\pw NnZm\ssIckhm\pw BImis
tmse kh hym]nbpw AXyw kqvahpw \ncRvP
\pw awKfab\pw AXn imhpw AarXhpw BbnpXv
AXmWv ]c{_w AXp XsbmWv \o. \o AXns\
m\w sImdnbpI. Bmhns ip cq]n
apJy\mb GItZh\pw kh`qXm[nhmk\pw kh`qX
fnepw \nKqVambn hknph\pw `qXfpsS
DXv ]n m\hpw tbmssKIKay\pw hnizns
{kjvSmhpw hnizns kwcI\pw, hnizns
kwlmcI\pw B BmhpXsbmWv. Fm temI
fpw B Bmhn hknppshv \o a\nem
pI. \o ZpxJntXn. Bmhns\nbp
hntijm\w e`np ]w \n\v timIns
Ahkm\w (ZpxJanm Ah) {]m]nm km[n
pXmWv.
aqmw Aymbw
AssY\w imWv Un eyx AYhmWw
]{]btZIacw \njv{Inbw inhw km{Xw
]cw {_ XkvamXv IYanZw hnizw PmbtX IYw
obtX IYw Akv an eobtX XXv ta
kwibwtOpalkn ktlmhmNmY hm,
kXyw imWv Uney ]cw {_ \njv {Inba
can Xn AYk Acq ]ky { _a kv { XoWn
cq ]mWn `hn k Ifw \n jv ew kIf
\n jv Ifw CXn bXv kXyw hnm\am\w
\njv {Inbw \ncRv P\w khKXw kpkqv aw
khtXmapJw A\ntZiyw Aarakv Xn XZnZw
\njIfw cq]w AYmky bm klPm kvXn Ahn
Zymaqe {]IrXn ambmtemlnX ip Irjv Wm
Xbm klmbhm tZhx Irjv W ]n wKtfm
atlizcx CujvtS XZZaky kIfnjv Ifw cq]w
A\cw imWvUney AYhmtbmSv tNmZnp.
GI\pw Ac\pw {InbmclnX\pw awKfkzcq]\pw
km{Xhpw Bb ]c{_n \npw Cu hnizw
Fs\bmWpmIpXv? Fs\ nXn sNpp.?
Fs\ AXn ebnpp? Fs Cu kwibw
AIncWw. Atm AYhm ]dp imWvUney,
]camamWv , ]c{_w \njv {Inbhpw Achpw
BsWnepw AXn\p aqp cq]fpv. kIfw \njvIfw
kIf \njv Ifw Fns\. kXyhpw hnm\hpw
B\hpw \njv{Inbhpw \ncRvP\hpw Aac\pambncn
pXmWv \njv Ifcq]w. IqSmsX Cu ]c{_ns
klPamb AhnZym aqe {]IrXnbpw ambbpw sNav
shfpv Idpv Fo \nd tNXpw Dv. ht`Z
tmsS Cu tZh Fsbpw FmhcpsSbpw Cuiz
c\pw \nbmhpw Bbnocpp. AXv kIf\njvIf
cq]sas{X.
2. AssYj mXatb\ X]km Nobam\x
AImabX _lp kymw {]PmtbtbXn AssYX
kv amXv X]y am\mXv kXy ImamXv {XoWy
cmWn APmb Xn t{km hymlrXbx {Xn]Zm
Kmb{Xo {Xtbm thZmx {Xtbm tZhm {Xtbm hx
{Xntbmb Pmbt tbmku tZthm `Khm
ksshiz cy kx khhym]n kh`q
Xm\mw lrZtb knhnjv tSm ambmho ambbm
{IUn k {_m k hnjvWp cp{Zx C{x k
kth tZhmx khmWn `qXm\n k Gh ]pc
kvXmXv k Gh ]mXv k GthmcXx k Gh
ZnWXx k thm[ kvXmXv k Gthm]cnjv SmXv
k Gh khw AYmky tZhky Bin
{IoUky `m\pInt\m Zmt{Xb cq]mkp
cq]m X\qcphmkm Cohc Zf {]Jym NXp
_mlpctLmcm ]m] Imin\o XZn Xaky kIew
cq]w
A\cw Cu ]c{_w m\mIamb X]p
sImv hrn {]m]nv Cs\ B{Klnp. F\nv
At\Iw cq]fn Dev]amIWw. XpSv Cu ]c{_
w X]p sNbvXp. Atm khIma\ItfmSp IqSnb
AXn \npw aqv ActfmSp IqSnb AXn
\npw aqv Acfpmbn AXpt]mse aqv
hymlrXnIfpw aqp ]mZfp Kmb{Xnbpw aqp
thZfpw aqv hfpw aqv AnIfpw {]Xy-
sp. `Kh{Zq]n ksshizcykambn kh
hym]nbmbn kIe {]mWnIfpsSbpw lrZbn IpSn
sImpXmbn ambmhnbmbn ambtbmSp {IoUoIcnp
Xmbncnp Cu `Khm XsbmWv ]c{_w.
hnjvWphpw cp{Z\pw C{\pw AXp Xs kakv X
tZhmcpsSbpw kakv X `qXlfpsSbpw cq]n
ImWsSpXpw ]c{_w Xs. Cs\ khhpw
AXp Xs. Cu tZh Xs intbmsSmw {IoUn
ph\pw `mcn Ir]bph\pamWv. CXns
icocw Zmt{Xb cq]hpw ZbmXoXhpw ]m]clnXhpw
Bbn {]Iminpp. CXmWv ]c{_ns kIf cq]w.
I K
N P
786
AY ssl\aYhmWmw imWvUneyx ]{]
`Khm km{Xmw NnZm\ssI ckw Ikv amZp
NytX ]cw {_tXn ktlmhmYhmb kv amNp
_rKXn _yplbXn N khnXkv amZpNytX
]cw{_tXn AYIkv amZpNytX BtXn ,
bkvamXv khhm ]vt\mXn khamZt kh
an N Xkvam ZypNytX BtXn AY IkvamZp
NytX atlizc CXv bkvammlX Cui i_vZ
[z\ym N Biym N alX CuitX Xkvam
Zp NytX atl{i CXn AY Ikv amZpNytX
Zmt{Xb CXn bkv amXv kpZpcw X]kv X
]yam\mbm{Xtb]p{X Imam bmXn Xcmw XpjvtS\
`KhXmtPymXn atb\mssh Ztm bkv amXv
N A\kqbmbmat{X X\tbm`hXv XkvamZyptX
Zmt{Xb
CXn AYtbmky \ncpm\n thZ k khw
thZ AY tbmK ssh hnZyssb\w ]cap]mkvtX
tkmlanXn k {_hn Zv `hXn Ass{Xt{X
tmIm `hn.
hopw imWvUney AYhmhnt\mSv tNmZnp `K
h, kXykzcq]\pw XymKw ssNX\yw B\w Fn
hbpsS GIckhpw Bb CXns\ ]c{_sap ]dbp
Xv Fp sImmWv? Atm AYhmhv ]dp.
CXv kzbw hrnsb {]m]npIbpw aphsc A`nhr
nsSppIbpw sNpXp sImv AXns\ ]c{_w
Fp ]dbpp. AXns\ Bmshp ]dbpsXp
sImmWv? AXv khnepw hym]nncnp kh
sbpw {Klnpp. khsbpw `Pnpp. AXp
sImv AXns\ Bmhv Fp ]dbpp. atlizc
Fp ]dbpsXmWv? AXv i_vZw sImpw [z\n
sImpw B in sImpw henbhcpsSsbmw
\nbmhmWv . henbhcpsSsbmw Cuizc\mWv .
AXpsImv AXns\ atlizcs\v ]dbpp. AXns\
Zmt{Xb Fp ]dbpsXpsImmWv ?AXyw
ZpjvIcamb X]cy sImv A{Xn aljn ]p{X\pm
IWsa Bi hlnp. Atm tPymXnab\mb `K-
hm Atln {]kmZnv kzcq]ss At
ln\v ]p{X cq]n sImSpp. Atlw Xs
A{XnbpsSbpw A\kqbbpsSbpw ]p{X\mbn AhXcnp.
AXpsImv Atls Zmt{Xbs\v ]dbpp. Cu
kmI \masf AhbpsS DXv]n klnXw Adnbp
h k\mbno]pp. hnZybm Cu ]camm
hns\ D]mknph Rm XsbmWv Cu ]camm
hv F `mth\ {_m\nbmbnocpp. CXns\
kw_np tmIfpv.
1. Zmt{Xbw inhw im an{\oe\n`w {]`pw
BambmcXw tZhah[qXw ZnKw_cw
2. `kvtamqfnX khmwKw PSmPqS[cw hn`pw
NXp _mlpapZmcmwKw {]^p IateWw
3. m\tbmK\n[nw hnizKpcpw
tbmKnP\{]nbw
`m\pIn\pw khkmnWw
kn tkhnXw
4. Ahw bx kXXw [ymtbXv tZh tZhw
k\mX\w
k apx kh ]mt]t`ym \nx
t{ib kahm]p\p
bmXv CtXymw kXyanXyp]\njXv
im\pw awKfmI\pw C{\oew t]mse iymaf
\pw BambmcX\pw Ah[qX\pw `kv tamqfnX
khmwK\pw PSm[mcnbpw hym]I\pw NXp_mlphpw
DZmcmwK\pw XmacI\pw m\tbmK khkzhpw
hnizKpcphpw tbmKnIv {]nbwIc\pw `m\pIn\w
khkmnWw kntkhnX\pw tZhtZh\pw k\mX
\pamb Atls \nccw [ym\nph kh]m]
fn \npw ap\mbn tamw {]m]npp. Cs\
Hw kXyw D]\njv kam]np.
imWvUnteym]njv kam]np,
Q
I K
N P
787
imcocntIm]\njv
1
3
imn ]mTw
Hmw. kl\mhhXp. kl\u `p\p. kl
hocyw Ichmhssl. tXPkzn\mh[o-XakvXpx am
hnZznjm hssl. Hmw. imnx imnx imnx
]c{_w Rsf cpt]- scbpw Hcpanv cn
s. R cpt]- scbpw Hcp- anv ]cn]m- en- s.
R cpt]cpw Hcpan IgnhpI t\Ss. R-
fpsS A[yb\w tXPkzbnIs. R ]ckv]cw hntZz
jnmXncns. Hmw. imnx imnx imnx
1. Hmw. AYmXx ]rYnhymZn alm`qXm\mw kahmbw
ico- cw. bXv ITn\w km ]rYnho- bZv {Zhw XZmt]m
b-ZpjvWw XttPm bXv k- cXn k hmbp
bXv kpjnXw XZmImiw.
icocw, ]rYnhn XpSnb ]-`qX- fpsS k-b-
amIpp. CXn ITn\ambnpXv ]rYznbpw {Zhambnp
Xv Pehpw Djv W- ambnp-Xv. tXPpw NcnpXv
hmbphpw kpjncw BImi- hpamIpp.
2. t{im{Xm-Zo\n mt\-{n-bmWn t{im{X-amIm-
ti-hmbu XzKku Npc]vkp Pnlzm ]rYnhymw
{LmW- an- Xn. Gh- an- {n- bmWmw bYm {Ita- W.
i_vZkv]icq]-ckK-mtXn hnjbmx ]rYn
hymZn alm`qtXjp {Ita-tWmXv]mx
t{im{Xw XpSnbh mt\{nb- fmWv. BImi-
n t{im{Xhpw hmbphn Xzpw tXPn Nppw
Pen \mpw ]rYznbn {LmWw, i_v Zw, kv ]iw,
cq]w, ckw, Kw FnhbpamWv. Ch ]rYzn XpSnb
alm`qX- fn \npmIpp.
3. hmIv ]mWn ]mZ ]mbq-]mJym\n It-{n
bmWn tXjmw {ItaW hNmZm\ Ka\ hnkm
\m sstX hnjbmx ]rYnhymZn alm`qtXjq
{Ita-tWm- Xv ]mx
hmv, Iv , Imev, hmbp, D]w Fnh It
{nb--fmWv. ChbpsS hnj- b- bYm{Iaw hN\w,
Zm\w, Ka\w, hnk-\w, B\w FnhbmIpp. Ch
]rYzn XpSnb alm`qX-fn \np {ItaW Dev]
- fmWv .
4. at\m_pnclmc-naXyx IcW NXp
jvSbw tXjmw {ItaW kev ] hnIev]my- h
kmbm`nam\m h[mcWm kzcq]m sstX hnjbm
a\x m\w Kfmw _pth-Z\ al- m-cky
lrZbw Nnky\m`ncnXn.
a\n, _pn, Al- mcw, Nnw Fnh AxI
cW- NXpjvSbamIpp. ChbpsS hnj- b- bYm{Iaw
kev]-hnIev]- A[y-hkmbw, A`nam\w, Ah[m
cWw FnhbmWv. a\ns m\w Kfns Ay
`mKpw _pnbpsS m\w apJhpw Al- mcns
m\w lrZbhpw Nnns m\w \m`nbpamWv.
5. An- N- \m- Uo- tcma amwkm- tXn ]rYn-
hymwimx aq{Xtjva c ip tkzZmx A_wimx
pXv Xrjv Wm- eky taml ssaXp- \m- \ytx
{]Nm- cW hnte- J\ qem- Zy- t\zj \nta-jm- Zn-
hmtbmx Imat{Im[tem` taml `bm\y- Imiky.
An, Nw, \mUn, tcmaw amwkw Fnh
]rYzn- bpsS Awi--fm-Wv . aq{Xw, I^w, cw,
ipw, hnbv Fnh Pemwi-- fm-Wv. hniv,
Zmlw, Bekyw, tamlw, ssaYp\w Ch An
bpsS Awi-- fm- Ip- p. {]Nm- cWw, hnte-J- \w,
qemZnI, Dt-j- \n-taj- Fnh hmbp
hns Awi- - fm- Wv . Imaw, t{Im[w, tem`w,
tamlw `bw Fnh BImins Awi-fm
Ipp.
6. i_vZkv]i cq]-ck Kmx ]rYn ho KpWmx
i_v Z kv ]i cq]- c- km- m]mw KpWx i_v Z-
kv ]i cq]m-Wmn KpWx i_v Zkv]tim]v Xn
hmbpw KpWu i_vZ GI BImiky.
i_vZw, kv ]iw, cq]w, ckw, Kw Fnh ]rYzn
bpsS KpW-fmWv. i_vZw, kv]iw, ckw Fnh Pe
ns KpW-- fmWv . i_v Zw, kv ]iw, cq]w Fnh
AnbpsS KpW-- fmIpp. i_v Zhpw kv ]ihpw hmbp
hns KpW- . i_v Zw am{Xw BImins KpW-hpw.
7. kmXznI cmPk Xmake- Wm\n
{Xtbm KpWmx
8. Alnwkm kXy- akvtXb {_Ncym]- cn{Klmx
At{Im[m Kpcpip{iqjm iuNw ktmj
BP- hw.
9. Aam\nXz aZw`nXz amkvXnIXz alnwkXm
GtX kthKpWmtbmx kmXznIky
hnti-jX
10. Alw Imkvay lwt`mm kv aylw
hm `nam\hm
GtX KpWx cmPkky t{]mNy- t
-{_-hn-ssax
I K
N P
788
11. \n{Zmetky taml cmKu-ssaYp\w Nucy- tah
GtX KpWmkvXmakky t{]Nyt
{_hmZn`nx
KpW- {Xbw FXv kmXznIw, cmPkw, Xmakw Ch
bmWv. Alnwk, AkvtXbw, {_Ncyw, A]-cn{K- lw,
At{Im[w, Kpcptk-h, iuNw, ktmjw, B-hw,
Aam\nXzw, AZw`nXzw, BkvXnIyw, Alnwk Fnh
kmXznIs hnti-j- KpW-fmWv. Rm ImhmsW-
pap A`nam\w cmPk {]IrXmcptSXmsWv {_
hmZnI ]d-bpp. \n{Z, Bekyw, tamlw, cmKw, ssaYp
\w, tamjWw Fnh Xmak {]IrXnmcptSXmsWv
{_hmZnI A`n{]mbs- Spp.
12. Dut[z kmXzntIm
at[y cmPtkm A[kvXma
k CXn, kXy- m\w
kmXznIw [m\w
13. cmPkw Xnancmw XmakanXn.
kmXznIw DaamsWpw cmPkw a[yaamsWpw
cmakw A[-aamsWpw ]d-b-s- Spp. kXy-m\w
kmXznIhpw [m\w cmPkhpw Xnancmkv Xma
khpw BsWv ]d- b-s- Spp.
14. Pm{KXv kz]v\ kpjp]vXn Xpco-b- anXn
NXphn[mx Ahmx mt\ {nb It-
{nbmx IcW NXpjvSbw NXpZiIcW- bpw
Pm{K- Xv. AxIcW- NXpjvSssb tch kwbpx
kz]v\x NnssIIcWm kpjp]vXnx tIhe Poh
bp tah Xpco-b- an-Xn.
15. Do-enX \nao-enX a[y Poh ]camt\m
at[y Pohmm t{X CXn
hnm-b- tX.
Pm{K- Xv, kz]v\w, kpjp]vXn, Xpcobw Fo \mev
AhIfpw mt\{nbw, It{nbw,X \mev Ax
IcW- Fnhbpw tN- XmWv Pm{K- v. kz]v\
n \mev AxIcW- hknpp. kpjp]vXmh
bn tIhew Nnw am{Xw hknpp. Xpcobn
Poh am{Xta DmbncnpIbpq. Do- enX\maoenX
-fpsS at[y nXnsNp Poh ]cammhns
aty t{X-s\v ]d-b-s- Spp.
16. _pnx It-{nb {]mW-]- - ssI
a\km [nbm
icocw k]vX Zi`nx kpkqvaw enwK-apNytX
17. at\m _pncl- mcx Jm\nemn Pem\n `px
GXmx {]IrXb kvXzjvSu hnImcmx
tjmUim]tc
18. t{im{Xw XzIv Np jo Pnlzm{LmWw
ssNhXq]-aw
]mbp]u Icu ]Zu hmv ssNh
Ziao aXm
19. i_vZx kv]iw N cq]w N ctkm
KkvX ssYh N
{Xtbm hnwiXn tcXm\nXXzm\n {]IrXm\nXp
20. NXp hnwi- Xnc hyw {][m\w ]pcpjx
]cx CXyp]- \n-jXv
mt\{nb-, It{nb-, ]-{]mW
, a\v, _pn Fns\ ]Xnt\gv Fhpw kpkq
va- fmb enwK- amWv Fv ]dbpsSpp. a\v, _pn,
Al-mcw, BImiw, hmbp, An, Pew, ]rYzn Fnh
{]IrXnbpsS AjvSb-hnImc-fmWv. t{im{Xw, Xzv,
t\{Xw, Pnlzm, \mknI, Ch Apw KpZw, D]w, lkv X
-]mZ, hmWn Ch Apw i_vZw, kv ]iw, cq]w,
ckw, Kw Fo Apw tNv Ccp]naqv {]Ir
Xn XXz DmIpp. Ccp]-n\mematXmb Ahy
-n\v hfsc {]m[m\y-apv. ]pcpj AXn\pw AXo-
X\mWv. Cs\ imco-ctIm]- \njv ]cy- hkm\np.
imcocntIm]- \njv kam]np.
Q
I K
N P
789
1. bm{KtXm ZpcaptZXn ssZhw
XZp kp]vXky XssYthXn
Zpcw Kaw tPymXntcIw Xt
inhkev ]akv Xp
2. tb\ ImWv]tkm at\mjntWm
bt Irm hnZt[jp
[ocmxbZ]qhw bax
{]Pm\mw Xt a\x inh
kev]akv Xp.
3. bXv {]m\pX tNXm
[rXn bPtPymXnccarXw
{]Pmkpx bkv am EtX In
\ I {InbtX Xt
a\x inhkev]akvXp
4. tbt\Zw `qXw `ph\w `hn
jyXv ]cnKrloXartX\
khw tb\ bkvXm
btX k]vX tlmXm Xt
a\x inh kev]akvXp
5. bkvaorNx kmabpw
jnbkvan {]Xnjv TnXm cY\m
`mhnhmcmx bkvanwnw
khtamXw {]Pm\mw Xt
a\x inhkev] akvXp
6. kpjmcYn izm\nh b\jym
t\obtX `oip`n ehmPn\
Ch lrXv{]XnjvTw bZPncw
PhnjvTw XtXz a\x inhkev]akvXp
1. `Khms\, bmsXmcp a\v DWncpmepw Ddn
bncpmepw Gsd Zqcn t]mIpIbpw kIe C{nb
fnepw BImin \{XmZnIfpsS a[yn kqcy
s\t]mse {]IminpIbp sNpp. B RfpsS
a\ns\ Ir]tbmsS ip` kev]fn tNn
Wnbmepw.
2. `Khms\, bmtXmcp a\n\m tbmKnIfpw PvRm\
tbmKnIfpw bw sNp ap\nhcmcpw ip`I
sNpp. As\bpff RfpsS a\ns\ ip`
kev ]w tNXmnopI.
3. `Khms\, bmsXmcp a\v Db tImSnbnepff bYm
m\n\v km[\`qXamWv. bmsXmcp kv acW
inbpamWv , bmsXmv Zo]w t]mse {]IminXam
Ipp,hnhn[]Zmfmbn ]cnWanpp, B
RfpsS a\ns\inhkev]hmpI.
4. bmsXmcp a\v `qX`hnjy ham\fpsS m\w
IeXmWv. bmsXmv bmnI{_stmse
icocn \nesImv Fm C{nbsfsmpw
Bmhn\m
Cu icocbs Pzennpp. As\bpff
a\ns\ ip`kev]wIeXmpI.
5. `Khms\, bmsXmcp a\v EIv bPpxkafpsS a[y
n Ahsb kv arXn ]Ynsenp sImv cY
ns N{Ifn Bctmset]mse \nesIm
ffpp, AXns\ Av ip`kev]w tNXmpI.
5. hnZKv[\mb tXcmfn _ehpw thKhpapff IpXn
IcIsf \nb{npp, AtX {]Imcn bmsXmcp
a\v Nnmioecmb a\pjycpsSbpw hnZzmmcpsSbpw
amw Impp, bmsXmv lrZbn \nesImffpp,
hmIyadnbmXmIpp. in imenbmIpp, B
a\ns\ ip`kev]bpamnsbvXmepw
inhkevt]m\njv kam]np.
inhkevt]m]\njv
1
3
Q
I K
N P
790
imn ]mTw
Hmw kl \mhhXp kl \u `p\p kl
hocyw Ichmhssl tXPkzn \mh[oXakvXp am
hnZzmjmhssl Hmw imnx imnx imnx
Hmw ]c {_w \s cp t]tcbpw cn s. AXv
\s cp t]tcbpw ]cn]men s. \mw cp t]cpw Hcp
anv IgnhpI t\Ss. RfpsS A[ymb\w tXtPmab
amIs. \mw ]ckv ]cw hntZzjw ]pemXn cn s. Hmw
imnx imnx imnx
1. AYmtXm cltkym]\njZw hymJymkymtam
tZhjtbm {_mWw kw]qPy {]Wn ]Xy]{]
p`KhkvamIw cltkym]\njZw
{_qloXn tkm f A{_hoXv
]pcm thymtkm almtXPm I
kthZ Xt]m\n[nx I
{]Wn]Xy inhw kmw_w I
IrXmRvPencphmN l II
hopw cl tkym]\njns\ n ]d bpp. Hcn
tZhjnam {_mhns\ ]qPnv \akv Icn tijw At
l tmSp ]dp. ""`Khmt\, Rv KqVamb D]\n
jXzw D]tZinp Xmepw'' AXptIv {_mhv ]d
p.'' apsmcn khthZ\pw almtXPkznbpw
Xt]m\njv T\pamb thZhymk ]mhXo ktaX\mb `K
hm inhs\ \akvIcnv sXmgpXv Atl tmSp ]dp.
2. {io thZhymk DhmNx
tZhtZh alm {]m I
]mitZZrV {hX I
ipIky ta X\qPky I
thZkw kvImc IWn I
3. {_tm]tZi Imteym f
banZm\ow kap]nXx II
{_tm]tZix Ihyx
`hXmZy PKZvKptcm I
{io thZhymk ]dp: "tZh tZh almtZh alm
{]m, Pohs {]] ]miw hntZnp alm{]t`m,
Fs ]p{X\mb ipIs thZm[ymb\w Bcw`nptm
A\pjvTnt btm]hoXIn {]WhKm
b{Xo a{w D]tZin m\p kabw ASpncnpp.
Av PKZv KpcphmWtm? AXn\m {_s nbpw
]c am XXzs nbpw D]tZin Ww.
4. Cuizcx DhmN:
atbm]Znt ssIhtey I
kmmXv {_Wn imiztX, I
hnlmb ]pt{Xm \nthZmXv I
{]Imiw bmkyXn kzbw II
inh ]dp: kmmXv k\mX \amb {_s
n AbpsS ]p{X\v D]tZiw sImSpm Ah kh
kzhpw Dt]nv sshcmKyw kzoIcnv kzbw {]Imi cq]
n \nesImpw.
5. {iothZhymk DhmN:
bYm XYm hm `hXp I
lyp]m\b\IaWn I
D]Znt aa kptX I
{_Wn XzXv {]kmZXx
6. khtm `hXp n{]w I
aa ]pt{Xm atlizc I
Xh {]kmZktm I
et`pnw NXphn[mw II
thZhymk ]dp: Fpambnsms. Cu
btm]\ hoXka bv Abn \npw {_m
t\m]tZiw kzoIcnv Ah hfsc thKw kh\m
bn o cp Ibpw A bpsS A\p {K l m Ah\v
NXphn [ tamw e`n pIbpw sNs.
7. XXv {ipXzm hymk hN\w I
khtZhjn kwkZn I
D]tZpw nXx iw`px I
kmwt_m Znhym kt\ apZm
hymks B hmp tIv `Khm ic {]k
\mbn ]mhXnbpsamp tZhjnamcpsS k`bn D]
tZiw sImSpm\mbn Hcp Znhy]oTn Ccpp.
8. IrXIrXyx ipIkvX{X I
kamKXy kp`nam I
XkvamXv kp{]Whw e_v[zm I
]p\cnXy {_hoXv inhw II
ipIcltkym]\njv
1
3
I K
N P
791
IrXIrXy\pw `nam\pamb ipI `Khm inhs\
\a kv Icn Xn \ptijw {]Whin kzoIcnv ]dp.
9. {io ipI DhmN
tZhmZntZh kh I
kn Zm\ eW I
DamcaW `qtXi I
{]koZ IcpWm\nt[ II
tZhtZh, kh knZm\ eW, Da]tX, `qtX
i, IcpWm\nt[ Ap Fn {]kmZn mepw.
10. D]Znw ]cw {_ I
{]WhmKXw ]cw I
Xz akymZnhmIym\mw I
{]mZo\mw hntijXx II
11. t{imXp anNvOman XtXz\ I
jUwKm\n bYm{Iaw I
hhym\n clkym\n I
Ir]bmZy Zminh II
{]Whm kzcq]s nbpw AXnepw AXoXambn
nXn sNp ]c {_ snbpw Av D]tZinp.
Fm F\nv XXzakn XpSn bhmIysf jUw \
\ymk{Ia klnXw tIm BibpXn\m Fn
Zbhpmbn AXnc l ky fmb B almhmIysf hni
Zambn D]tZinp Xmepw.
12. {io kZminh DhmNx
km[p km[p alm {]m I
ipI, m\ \nt[ apt\ I
{]hyw Xp Xzbm ]rw I
clkyw thZK`nXw II
13. cl tkym]\n jmav \m I
kjUw Kan tlmNytX I
bky hnm\amt{XW I
tamw kmm kwibx II
14. AwKlo\m\nhmIym\n I
Kpcpt\m]ZntiXv ]p\x I
kjUwKm\yp]Znti I
alm hmIym\n Ir\v ix II
15. NXpWma]n thZm\mw I
btYm]\nj{Zx incx I
Cbw cltkym]\nj I
tYm]\njZmw incx II
16. cltkym]\njZv {_ I
[ymXw tb\ hn]nXm I
Xossx ass{{ipssXPss]y
kvXky Inw ]pWytlXp`nx
17. hmIymky hnNmtcW I
bZm]vt\mXn icXw I
GI hmc Pt]ss\h I
EjymZn[ym\X bXv II
{io ]cainh ]dp: m\ \n[nbmb ipItZ
h, Av bYmn _pnam\mWv, thZ fpsS cl
kyabhpw mX hyhpamb hnjbsf n bmWtm
tNmZnNXv. AXn\m Av cl tkym]\njv Fp
t]cp Cu \nKqV XXzw jUwK\ymk klnXw D]tZin
mw. CXns m\w t\Snbm tamw knnpsa
Xn kwiban. AwKlo\ fmb hmIy Kpcp
D]tZinm ]mSn . Fm almhmIysfbpw jUwK
klnXw Xs D]tZintXpv . NXpthZfnepw D]
\n jZv `mKw kht{ijvTamsWXp t]mse Fm D]\n
jpIfnepw shv Cu cl tkym]\njv t{ijv TamWv .
Cu D]\njns ]T\m\pjvTm\ \nhln h\v
]pWyn\v Imc Wamb Xokv \m\tam thZmZn]mTtam
P]mZnItfm Hpw Bhiyan. \qdp hjw almhmIy
sf n hnNn s\ sNbvXm Inp ^ew hmIyfpsS
D]mXm fmb Ejnamsc kv acnXpsImpw Nn\m
ZnI sImpw Hcp XhW P]nm e`np XmWv .
Hmw Aky{ioa lmhmIya lma{ky lwk
Ejnx, Ahy Kmb{Xn Ox, ]ca lwtkm tZh
Xmlw. _oPw. kx inx. tkmlw, IoeIw, aa
]calwk {]oXyt Pt] hn\ntbmKx, kXyw
m\a\w {_, AwKpjvTm`ymw \ax, \nXym
\t {_ X\o`ymw kzmlm \nXym\ abw
{_Mvaa[ymam`ymw hjSv, tbm ssh `qam A\man
Im`ymw lpw, tbm ssh `qam[n ]Xnx I\njvTn Im`ymw
huj Sv , GI ta hm Zzn Xobw {_ Ic X e I c ]r
jvTm`ymw ^Sv, kXyw m\ a \w {_ lrZbmb
\ax, \nXym\tm {_ inctk kzmlm \nXym\
abw {_ inJmssb hjSv, tbm ssh `qam Ih
Nmb lpw, tbm ssh `qXm[n]Xnx t\{X{X bmb
hujSv GItahmZznXobw {_ Akv{Xmb ^Sv,
`q`phkztcmanXn ZnKv_x
[ym\w
\nXym\w ]cakpJZw tIhew
m\aqnw I
ZzmzmXoXw KK\ kZriw XXzakymZneyw I
I K
N P
792
GIw \nXyw hnaeaNew kh[o
kmym`qXw I
`mhXoXw {XnKpW clnXw kZvKpcpw
Xw \aman II
AY almhmIym\n NXzmcn bYm
1. Hmw {]m\w {_
2. Hmw Alw {_mkvan.
3. Hmw Xzakn.
4. Hmw Abamm {_.
XXzakoXyt`ZhmNIanZw tb P]n tX inh
kmbqPyapn`mtPm `hn, XXv ]Zalm a{ky
]c a lwkx Ejnx Ahy Km b{Xn Ox, ]c a
lwtkm tZhXm, lw _oPw, kx inx, tkm f
lyw IoeIw, aa kmbqPyapyt Pt]hn\n
tbmKx, XXv ]pcpjmb AwKpjvTm`ymw \ax, Cuim
\mb XP\o`ymw kzmlm AtLmcmb a[yam`ymw
hjSv ktZymPmXmb A\manIm`ymw lqw, hmatZ
hmb I\njvTnXm`ymw hujSv, XXv]pcpjx im\m
tLmc ktZymPmX hmatZtht`ymx \ax, IcXeIc
]rjvTm`ymw ^Sv Ghw lrZbmZn\ymkx `q`qh
kphtcmwanXn ZnKv_x
[ym\w
m\w tbw m\KaymZXoXw I
ipw _pw apa]yhybw N I
kXyw m\w knZm\ cq]w I
[ymtb tZhw Xtlm {`mam\w I
Xzw ]c alma{ky hnjvWpEjn, Kmb{Xn
Otm, ]cammtZhXm, sFw_oPw, ow inx,
ku IoeIw, aa apyt Pt] hn\ntbmKx,
hmkptZhmb AwKqjvTm`ymw \ax, kjWmb
X\o`ymw kzmlm, {]Xypav\mb a[yam`ymwh
jSv, A\ncpmb A\man Im`ymw lpw, hmkptZ
hmb I \n jv Tn Im`ymw huj Sv , hmkp tZh
kjtW {]Xypav\m\ncpt`yx `p`ph kztcm
anXn ZnKv_x,
[ym\w
PohXzw kh`qXm\mw I
kh{XmJ hn{Klw I
Nnml mc bmcw I
PohmJyw Xzw ]Zw `tP II
Akn ]Zalma{ky a\x Ejnx, Kmb{Xo Ox,
A \mcoiztcm tZhXm, Ahy mZnU_oPw, \rknwlx
in, ]mm IoeIw, Poh{_ssIymt Pt] hn\n
tbmKx ]rYnhr_ZzWpImb AwKpm`ymw \ax A_vZz
WpXmb XP\o`ymw kmlm, tXtPm_vZz WImb a[y
am`ymw hjSv hmbp_vZzWpImb A\manIm`ymw lpw, BIm
Kv_vZzWpImb A\manIm`ymw hujSv ]rYnhr]v tXtPmhm
bv]mImi _vZrWptI`yx Ic XeIc ]rjvTm`ymw ^Sv, `q`qh
kphtcmanXn ZnKv_x,
[ym\w
Pothm {_tXn hmIymw I
bmhZkvXn a\xnXn I
sFIyw XXzw etb Iph I
[ymtbZkn ]Zw kZm I
Ghw almhmIyjUw Km\ypm\n
\mep almhmIy {]tXyIw A\pkvacnm BS
Nmcy \ntinpp.
1. Hmw {]m\w {_
(sFXtctbm]\n jv)
2. Alw {_mkvan
(_rlZmc WytIm]\n jv )
3. Hmw XXzakn
(OmtmtKym]\njv)
4. Abamm {_
(am p tIym]\njv)
Hmas almhmIyns A\pkvacWw kmbq
Py{]ZmbIamsWv ]dbsSpp.
AY cl tkym ] \n j Zzn `m Ktim hmIym
tmImx t{]mNyt
tbt\tX irtWmXoZw I
Pn{LXn hymItcmXn N I
kmZzkmZp hnPm\mXn I
XXv {]m\ apZocnXw II
NXpptJ{tZthjp a\pjymiz KhmZnjp
ssNX \ytaIw {_mXZv {]m\w
{_ a]n
]ns cl tkym]\njns hn`mKa\pkcnv alm
hmIy fpsS Adv hpw [ymtmIfpw ]dbpp. Pohn
I GXp aptJ \ bmtWm ImWpIbpw tIpIbpw aW
npIbpw kzmZpw ZpkzmZpw AdnbpIbpw sNpXv
AXv {]m\ sav ]dbpp. {_mhv C{ tZhm
a\pjy IpXnc ]ip apXemb arK Fnhbnepw ap
kIePohnIfnepw Htc Hcp ssNX\ykzcq]amb {_w
XsbmWv nXn sNpXv. B {]m\w {_
Fnepw nXn sNpp.
I K
N P
793
18. ]cn]q ]cmmkvan I
tZtl hnZym[n ImcnWn I
_pt kmn Xbm nXzm I
qc laoXncytX II
19. kzXx ]qx ]cmm{X I
_A i_vtZ\ hnXx I
Akv aossXyIy]cmai
kvtX\ {_ `hmaylw
Cu a\pjy icocw XsbmWv, {_hnZym{]m]vXnv
A[nImcn. AXn kmn cq]n nXn sNp ]c
ammhp Xs bmWv _pn kv^pc WapmIptm
""Rm Fv ]db s SpXv. ]cn]qamb ]c ammhp
Xs bmWv ChnsS {_ Fv ]db s ncnp Xv.
20. GI GhmZznXob k
ma cq]hnhPnXw I
krtx ]pcm[p\m]yky I
XmZrzw XZnXocytX
21. t{imXptZtl{nbmXoXw I
hkvXz{X Xzw ]tZcnXw I
GIXm {KmlytX f koXn
XssZ Iya\p`qbXmw
22. Zriyam\ky khky I
PK X kvXXz aocytX I
{_ i_vtZ\ XXv {_ I
kz{]Imim cq]Iw
krnp apv ssZzX`mh\bnm \macq]c lnX
hpamb Hcp k Dmbncpp. B {_w XXv F ]Z
m {]Xn]mZn s p. Xzw F ]Zm ]dbs n cn
pXv D]tZiw tIp injys C{nbmXoXsap
tXmp icocw Xs. Akn F ]Zw sImv Poh
sbpw {_ nsbpw GIXzw tZymXnpp.
23. A\m Zrt chn thI\n{Zm
alw aa kz]v\KXnw KtXm f lw I
kzcq]kqtcym f `ypZntX kv^ptSmtx I
KptcmlmhmIy ]ssZx{]_ptx II
A\m hkv Xphn B _pn DmbXp\n anw
Rm Am\mImc n ]Xnv Rms\pw Ft
sXpap tamlmI nXnbn Fn gnncnp
p. KpcptZh\n \npw F\np e`n almhmtIym]
tZim B kzcq]amIp kqcys Bhn`mh
m Fs Dd n\v `wKw hncnpp.
24. hmNyw eyanXn Zzn[m kcWnx
hemNyky ln Xzw]tZ I
hmNyw `uXnIan{nbmZnc ]nbyw
Xzam kx I
hmNyw XXv]Zao iXmIrXaXne`yw
XpknXv kpJm
\ {_ XZ Gj N
XtbmsscIyw XzkoZw ]Zw II
25. XzanXn XZnXn Imtcy ImctW kXyp]m[u I
ZznXbanXcssYIw knZm\ cq]w I
D`bhN\tlXp tZimImeu N lnXzm I
PKXn `hXn tkm f bw tZhZtm bssYIx
26. Imtcym]m[ncbw Pohx I
ImctWm]m[ncoizc I
ImcyImcWXmw lnXzm I
]qt_mt[m f h injytX II
almhmIyns A m\n \nv hmNy
sbpw Asbpw A\pkcnWw. hmNya\pk
cnv C{nbmZnI "Xzw' FXns hmNyamWv. Fm
C{nb pw AXoXamb hnip ssNX\yw Xs
bmWv eymw. Cs\ AXv F hmNyw khm
IXzw CuizcXzw Fo KpWsshiny tfmSp IqSnb
]cammhpw e`ymw knZm\ a b amb {_ hpamIp
p. AXpsImv ChnsS "Akn' F ]Zm cp ]Z
fpsSbpw eymw aptJ\ Pohm]c amm fpsS
GIo`mhs {]Xn ]mZnncn pp. ImcyImc Wfmb
D]m[nIsImp Xs "Xzw' "XXv' Fnh Xn t`Zap
v. D]m[n clnXambm cpw Htc kn Zm\w Xs.
{]] nepw AXp XsbmWv. AXn \nv "CXv', "AXv'
F `mhw \onbm A c cln X amb HpXs Ah
tijnpp. Cu Poh Imtcym]m[nbphpw {_w
ImctWm]m[n klnX hpw BIpp. Cu ImcyImctWm
]m[nIsf ]cnXyPnm m\kzcq]w Ahtijnpp.
27. {ihWw Xp Kptcmx ]qhw I
a\\w XZ\cw I
\nZn[ymk\an tXyXXv I
]qt_m[ky ImcWw II
28. A\yhnZym ]cnm\ I
ahiyw \izcw `thXv I
{_hnZym ]cnm\w I
{_{]m]vXn Icw kvarXw II
I K
N P
794
29. almhmIym \p]Zn tiXv I
kjUw Km\n tZinIx I
tIhew \ln hmIym\n I
{_tWm hN\w bYm II
Kpcp apJn \n BZyw tIWw tIXn\p
tijw a\\w sN Ww. ]ns \nZn[ymkw thWw
Fm am{Xta m\w ]q amhpIbpq. F{Xam{Xw
\Xpt]mse A`yknmepw ap hn ZyIfn \np e`n
p m\w Xobmbpw \izc amWv. Fm {_
hnZym]cn m\wn chpw {_ {]m]vXn IchpamIpp.
BNmcy injy\v almImhy D]tZinXpsImv
am{Xambn Fv {_mhv A\pimknncnpp.
30. Ghapzm ap\nt{ijvTx I
cltkym]\njXv ipIx abm
]n{Xm\p\otX\ I
hymtk\ {_hmZn\m II
31. XtXm {_tm]Znw ssh I
knZm\ eWw I
Pohpx kZm [ymb I
XXkvXzw hnlcnjykn II
32. tbm thZmZu kzcx t{]mtm I
thZmt N {]XnjvTnXx Xky I
{]IrXneo\ky I
bx ]cx k atlizcx II
]ctaizc ]dp: ""ipItZhm, A bpsS ]nXm
hmb thZhymk {_PmRm\nbmWv. Atln
{]oX \mbn Rm Av Cu cl tkym]\njv D]tZ
inp Xcpp. CXn hnncnpXv knZm\ kzcq
]amb {_w Xs. Av {_s \nXyhpw [ym\nv
Pohp\mIpI. thZmcw`n Dcn s SpXpw
thZmn {]Xnjv Tn Xhpamb Hmw Imc kzcw AXns
{]IrXnbn XmZmyw {]m]nXn\p tijw AXn\p AXo
X\mbnp h\mWv kmm ]cm]c.
33. D]Znx intht\Xn I
PKbXmw KXx
Dmb {]Wn]tXyiw I
Xymmtij ]cn{Klx II
34. ]c{_]tbm cmiu I
hnh bbu XZm I
{]{hPw XamtemIy I
IrjvWssZz]mbt\m ap\nx II
35. A\p {hPmPplmh I
]p{X hn tj ImXcx I
{]Xnt\ZpkvXZm kth I
PKXv mhc PwKamx II
36. XXv {ipXzm kIemImcw I
hymkx kXyhXokpXx I
]pt{XW klnXx {]oXym I
]c am\apt]bnhm II
{io ]cainhs Cu D]tZiw tIv ipItZh
kakvX hnizmknepw X b\mbn Fgptv `Khms\
{]Wanv kh]cn {Kl fpw ssIhnp ]c {_mw _p[n
bn \onb Xpt]mse B\ a\mbn AhnsS \npw
]pds p. AXpIv thZhymk ]p{X hncl ZpxJnX\mb
]p{Xs t] hnfnv Atls ]npSp. Atm
Atl ns hnfnv Dcw sImSpXv {]] nse
kq PUtNX\ ]Zmfmbn cpp. AtXmsS
Xs ]p{X kq ambpw hniz ab\msWp ImWp
Ibpw hymk\pw ipIs\ tmse ktmjtmsS ]c am
\w Bkz Zn pIbpw sNbvXp.
37. tbm cl tkym]\n jZa[otX Kph\p{Klm
h ]m] hn\napx kmmXv ssIh ey a
iv\ptX kmmXv ssIhey a iv\ptX CXyp] \n
jv
Kpcphns A\p{Klm bmsXmcm Cu cl
tkym]\njv A[yb\w sNptm Abm kh]m]
hn\n p \mbn ov ssIheyw {]m]n pp.
ipIc ltkym]\njv kam]np.
Q
I K
N P
795
{iocma]qhXm]n\yp]\njv
1
3
Hmw `{Zw It`nx irWbma tZhm `{Zw ]tiy
am Zncy P{Xm nssc cw K kv Xp phmw k
kvX\q`nhytia tZh lnXw bZmbpx kzkvXn \
Ct{m hr{ihmx kzkvXn \x ]qjm hntizthZx
kzkvXn \ kvXmtym Acnt\an kzkvXn t\m
_rlkv]Xn Z[mXp Hmw imnx imnx imnx
tZhmsc R ImXpI sImv \pX ImWpam
dmItW. kpZrVfmb AwKfmepw icoc mepw
\nsf kv XpXnp sImv tZhm \nv \n bnn
p Bbpp apgph\pw R A\p`hntW. alm
Ionam\mb C{ Rv \ sNtW. kh
\mb ]qjmtZh Rv \ sNtW. A{]Xn
tcm[yKXnbmb KcpU Rv \ sNtW. _rl
kv]Xn Rv \ sNtW. Hmw imnx imnx imnx
Hmw D] \njv
1. Nntbkvan almhnjvWu PmtX ZictY
lcu ctLm IpteJnew cmXn cmPtX tbm alo
nXx
2. k cma CXn temtIjp hnZzZv `nx {]ISoIrXx
hnZzZv `nx {]ISnIrXx cmkm tb\ acWw bmn
tkz t{ZI tXmfYhm
3. cmacma `pXzn JymX a`n cmtaW hm ]p\x
cmkmp cqt]W cmlp\knXPw bYm
4. {]`lo\mw XYm IrXzm cmPymlWmw alo
`rXmw [amw Ncnt{XW m\amw N\m
aXx
5. XYmt[ymt\\ sshcmLy ssaizcyw kzky
]q P\mXv XYm cmXyky cmamJy `phn kymZY
XXzXx
6. cat tbmKnt\m\t \nXy\t NnZm\n
CXn cma ]tZ\mku ]c{_m`n [obtX
Nnb \mb almhnjv Wp cLp hwiP \mb ZicY a
lmcmPmhns ]p{X\mbn P\ntm Atl ns t]Pv
cma Fmbncpp. hnZzmm cmai_vZw hymJym\n p
sImv Cs\ ]dn pv. `qanbn Ignv k\
fpsS B{Klsfbpw ]qoIcn ph\pw cmPm
hns cq]n tim`nph\pamWv cma. cmk
mv Bcp apJmncw acWw `hnp Atlw cma\m
Wv. A`ncma\mbXpsImmWv cmas\p ]db s Sp
sXv Nne ]dbpp. Btm Xnbm BcpsS _e
amtWm `qanbn {]kn ambXv AXv cmas\v Nne ]d
bpp. cmlp N{s\ {]`mlo\ \mp Xpt]mse cm
kmsc {]`mlo\cmnbXn\m Atlw cma\mbn. cmPym
[n ImcnIfmb cmPm mv t{ijvTamw D]tZin p
Ibpw [ym\ \ncXv sshcmKyw {]Zm\w sNpIbpw
\maw sNp hsc m\am ntev \bnpIbpw
sNbvX Xn\memWv cmsav t] hsXv Nne A`n {]m
b s p. A\ \pw \nXym\\pw NnZmmhpamb bmsXm
cph\n tbmKnI canpp. Ah\mWv cma. cma ]Zw
sImv ]c{_amWv kqNn n p Xv.
7. Nnbky ZznXobky \njvIfkym icocnWx
D]mkIm\mw Imcymw {_tWm cq]Iev]\m
8. cq]m\m tZhXm\mw ]pwkv{XywKmkv{XmZn
Iev ]\m Zz n N Xz mcn jU m\mw Zi Zz mZi
tjmUi
9. AmZimjo IYnXm lkvXmx iwJmZnZncypXm
kl{kmmhm Xmkmw hhml\ Iev]\m
10. intk\m Iev]\m N {_mtWyhw ln]
[m Iev ]n Xky ico cky Xky tk\mZn
Iev ]\m
11. {_m Zo\mw hmNtImbw at{mf\zmZn
kwIm P]vXthym a{nWmss\\m hn\mtZhx
{]koZXn
12. {Inbm ItXn IqWm aw at{mh
Z XyY a\ XmXv { XmW \m { khm Nyky
hmNIx
13. tkm` b kymky tZhky hn{Ktlm b{ I
ev]\m hn\m bt{W tNXv ]qPm tZhXm \ {]ko
ZXn
Nnb\pw AZznXob\pamb {_w tZhclnX\pw
Awicln X\pw AZznXob\pw {]mIrX\pw BsWnepw
` mcpsS B{Klw \ndthm Atlw BImcw kzoI
cnpp. ]camkzcq]n nXn sNp tZh
mp am{XamWv ]pcpj kv {Xo AwKw Akv {Xw Fo
cq]fn kev]apXv `Khms kmImccq]w hyXy
kvX fmb AhXmc fn cv \mev Bdv Fv ]{v
]Xn\mdv ]Xns\v ssII Dsv hnncnpp. Ah
bn `Khm iwJ N{ImZnI [cnnpv. Fm hniz
cq]w [cnptm At\Iw ssII tNcpp. Cu Fm
I K
N P
796
cq]v hn`n \ndepw hN\mZnIfpapv. hn`n
in Ifpw Bbp[fpw `Khm\pv . As\ kqcy
KW]Xn Zp XpSnb cq]fn hn hn [Iev]\I
Dv . hrmZnPU]ZmfpsSbpw {_mhp hsc
bp tZhXIfpsSbpw hmNIw cma a{w Xs. a{ Zo
kzoIcnv thhn[w km[ \ sNbvXm `KhXv {]km
ZapmIpp. A`o knnmbn km[Im a{Zo
kzoIcnpp. a\\w {XmW\pw ChbpsS KpWhn tijw
tNXmIbmemWv a{w F t] knnXv kh
A`nt[ b fpsSbpw hmNIw a{amWv . kv {Xo ]pcpjcq
]n {]Xn jvTns ncnp `Khm\v hn{Klb{w
cNnsncnpp. ImcWw b{\ IqSmsXbp
A\ tZhmcpsS {]oXnv ]cym]v Xa.
cmw D] \njv
1. tkmh`qtPymXntbm\ cq]n tkzss\
h `mktX PohtXzt\Ztamw bky krnnXn
ebkyN
2. Imc W tXz\ Nnnym cPx kXz Xtam
KpssW bssYh hm _oPx {]mIrX alm
{Zpax
3. XssYh cma _oPw PKtZXNpcmNcw cYm
cqVm \pbky ibkvXn{k GhN CXn
4. koX cmau Xbmh{X ]qPyu PmX\ym`ymw
`ph \m\n Zznk]v Xx nXm\n N {]l Xm t\yh
tbjp XtXm cmtam am \thm ambbm[ymXv PKXv
{]mWmbmt\fkvssa \ax kymakvssXIyw
{]htZXv {]miv KpWt\Xn.
kmImc\mb ]cta izc kzbw `px Fv hntijn
n sSpp. Atlw kzbw Bhn`hnpp. tPymXn
b\mWtlw kmImc\pw A\ \pamWtlw. tZiIm
emXoX\pamWv ssNX\yin sImv {]mWcq]n
Fm tZl ImcnIfnepw hknpp. kXzcPkvXtam KpW
fm hnizw krnv cnv kwl cnpXtl amWv .
Cu {]]hpw HmwImcamb ambcq]w Xs {_m
hnjvWp inh Fo {XnaqnIfpw krn nXn
kwlmc ImcnWnIfmb in Ifpw Fmw cmas c Imc
n A[njvTnXamWv. _oPa{n koXbmIp
{]Ir Xnbpw cma\mIp ]pcpj\pa Spp. Fm temI
hpw Cu cpt]cn \npw Dmbn. cma eoetbmsS
kzbw a\pjycq]vX Xn {]Xyamb XmWv hniz{]mW\pw
hnizmmhpamb cma\v \akvImcw C\w \akvIcnv
KpWpw apv {]IS amb {_cq]n bmb cmat\mSp
IqSn Xm GIo`hnpsImv Rm cma cq]bmb {_
Xs bmWv Fv DcnpI.
aqmw D]\njv
1. kz`qcvtPymXntbm\ cq]n tkzss\h
`mktX PohtXzt\Ztamw bky krnnXn eb
kyN
2. Imc W tXz \ Nn ym cPx kXz Xtam
KpssW bssYh hm _oPx {]IrX alm
{Zpax
3. XssYh cma _oPw PKtZXNpcmNcw cYm
cqVm \pbkyp ibkvXn{k GhN CXn
4. koXmcmau X bmh{X ]qPyu PmX \ym`ymw
`ph \m\n Zznk]v Xx nXm\n N {]l Xm t\yh
tbjp XtXm cmtam am \thm ambbm[ymXv PKXv
{]mWmbmt\fkvssa \ax kymakvssXIyw
{]htZXv {]miv KpWt\Xn
kmImc\mb ]cta izc kzbw `px Fv hntijn
n sSpp. Atlw kzbw Bhn`hnpp. tPymXn
b\mWtlw kmImc\pw A\ \pamWtlw. tZiIm
emXoX\pamWv ssNX\yin sImv {]mWcq]n
Fm tZl ImcnIfnepw hknpp. kXzcPkvXtam KpW
fm hnizw krnv cnv kwl cnpXtl amWv .
Cu {]]hpw HmwImcamb ambmcq]w Xs {_
hnjv Wp inh Fo {Xnaqn Ifpw krn nXnkw
lmcImcnWnIfmb inIfpw Fmw cmas c Imcn
A[njvTnXamWv. _oPa{n koXbmIp {]Ir
Xnbpw cma\mIp ]pcpj\paS pp. Fm temIhpw
Cu cpt]cn \npw Dmbn. cma eoetbmsS kzbw
a\pjycq]n {]ISambXmWv hniz{]mW\pw hnizmm
hpamb cma\v \akvImcw Cs\ \akvIcnv KpW
pw apv {]ISamb {_cq]n bmb cmat\mSp IqSn
Xm GIo`hnpsmv Rm cmacq]nbmb {_ Xs
bmWv Fv DcnpI.
aqmw D]\njv
1. PohhmNn \tam \ma Nmm cmtaXn KobtX
XZmnIm bm NXpo XYm NmtbXn KobtX
2. at{mbw hmNtIm cmtam hmNy kymtZymK
GXtbm ^eZssh kthjmw km[Im\mw \
kwibx
3. bYm \mao hmNtI\ \mav\m tbm`n aptJm`
thXv XYm PohmtIm at{m a{ntWm `thXv
4. _oPinw \ytk Zz hmatbm at[yfhn
\m`mayx kz hmRv Om hn\ntbmKhm
5. kthjm tah a{Wmw Gj km[m cW
{Iax A{X cmtamf\ cq]x kvtXPkm hn\m
kax
I K
N P
797
6. kXz \p jv WKp hntiz Zn tjm am Iw
PKXv Dev] koXbm `mXn N{{nIbm bYm
7. {]IrXym klnXx iymax ]oXhmkm PSm[cx
Zzn`pPx IpeocXv\ ameo [otcm [\pjv[cx
8. {]k h Zt\m tPXm LrjI hn`qjnXx
{]IrXym ]ctaizcym PKtZym\ymnXmwK`qXv
9. tlam`bm Zzn`pPbm khmew IrXbm NnXm
nx Iae [mcnWym ]px tImkePmPx
Bmhv cma aptJ \ bmWv {]Xn]mZnXambncnp
Xv \ax FXv PohhmNIamIpp. cmat\mSv tNncn
pXn \m Pohsbpw Bmhnsbpw GI`mhw
hy amnbncnpp. cmamb \ax F a{m cma
Xs hmNyw cnsbpw ktf\ m kIe D]mk
Impw CnXamb ^ew knnpp. Hcmsf t]cp
]dphnfnm Abm ASpp hcpatm AXpt]mse
_oPa{ amb cma Fpcnm cma\pw km[Is
apn {]Xyo`hnpp. _oPs ZnWkvX\
nepw insb hma kvX\ nepw ImeIs lrZba
[ynepw \yknv Ima\ e`n phm hn\ntbmKw sNp
I. [ym\nptm ZicY ]p{X\mb {iocam\n A\ \pw
Ahn\minbpamb Cuizc F `mh\ thWw At
ls tXtPmab amb Ant]mse IcpX Ww. kuayIm
ntbmsS koXktaX\mbncnptm Aotjmam I
amb hnizn\v Imc WamIpp. N{ N{nItbmsSmv
Gsd tim`n pXpt]mse koX klnX\mbn cma
AXyw tim`tNcpp. Xs BlzmZn\oinbmb koX
sbmv cma tim`n pp. Atlw iymaf\pw ]oXmw
_c [mcnbpw PSm[mcnbpw I en Ip ehpw Igp
n cXv \amebpw AWnh\pamWv. Zzn`pP\mWv.
[oc\pw {]k apJ \pamWv. [\[c\mb Atlw bp
hnPbnbmWv . Assyizcyknn tN h\mWv heXp`m
Kv evaW [\p_mW[mcnbmbn \npp. koXm
tZhnbn khmemc`qjnXbpw ssIbn Xmacqhp
ambn hncmPn pp.
\memw D]\njv
1. XssYh Xky a{ky bky Wp kztM
bm Ghw {XntImW cq]wky w tZhm tb
kam bbpx
2. { ipXnw N{ Ip PKXx ]Xn w Iev ] Xcu
nXw Imacq]mb cmamb \tam ambmabmb N
3. \tam thZmZncq]mb Hmmcmb \tam \ax cam
[cmb cmamb {iocmambmaqtb
4. Pm\Io tZl `qjmb ctm Lv \mb ip`m
Knt\ `{ZmbcLphocmb ZimkymIcq]ntW
5. cma`{Z atlizmk cLphoc \rt]ma
cmamb\ax F a{w {XntImWm IamsWv k
ev ]w. Hcn tZhm {iocmas\ ImWm t]mbn. B
Ln Atlw Iev ] hrphn CcnpIbmbn
cpp. tZhm Atls kv XpXnp. Imacq]\pw ambm
ab\pw Bb cma\v \akv Imcw. thZm thZy\pw Hmmc
kzcq]\pw Pm\ Io\mY\pw cmhWmI\pw \rt]m a\p
amb cma\v \a kv Imcw.
Amw D]\njv
1. t`mZimky Im kv aI cmw tZln {inbw
NtX
2. Xzssaizcyw Zm]bmY k{kXymiz cnamcWw
IphnXnkvXpXy tZhmZy kvtX\ kmw kpJw
nXm
3. kv Xph tXyhw ln Ejbx kv XZm cmhW
Akpcx cma]Xv\nw h\m`ymwb kz\nhrXy
amZtZ
4. k cmhW CXn JymtXm bZ[m cmam cmhW
XZv hymtP \ nXpw koXmw cmtam ev aW
Gh N
5. hntNc XpkvXZm `qau tZhnw kwZriyNmkpcw
lXzm I_w i_co KXzm XkymbmXY
6. ]qPntXm hmbp ]pt{XW `t\ N I]oizcw
Blqb imkvXmw kh amZyw cmaevaWu
7. kXpcmta inXx kk {]Xybmw NZp
pt` hn{Klw Zibmamk tbm cma kvXa Nnn]vXv
8. k]v X kmem hn`nZymip tamZtX cmLh
kvXZm tX\ krx I]ot{mfku k cmakvXky
]\w
9. PKma KPZ\ptPm hment\m thKtXm Krlm
Xzmeo XZm \nPKma Xw hmen\aYmltXz
10. \nlXy cmLthm cmtPy kp{Kohw mh
tb X
Atbm cmhWmI Rsf cn pI. R
v sFizcyw \IpI Fv Ah kvXpXnp. Jch[
n \ptijw Ejn am Atls kvXpXn p. Jcm[nI
fpsS h[n\p tijw cmhW hv koXsb A]l cn
p. cmai_vZn cbpw h\i_vZn \npw h\hpw
FSpm cmhWs\ t]cpmIpp. Asn ap
hsc IcbnnpI \nanhpw cmhWs\ \maw Inn.
koXm]l cWn\p tijw tZhnsb At\zjnp \S p
tm I_s\ cmks\ sImp i_cnsb
kinp. AhfpsS BXnYyw kzoIcnp. hmbp]p{X
I K
N P
798
\mb l\pams\ Zinp. l\pam kp{Kohs\ Iqn
smp hv kJyw sNnp. cmas ]cm{Ia sn
kp{Koh kwibw {]ISn ntm cma _men bm
sIms Zpp`nbpsS tZlw ImWnpsImSpp. sRmSn
bnSbn cma AXv Zqsc hensdnp. Hcp _mWw
sImv k]vXkme t`Zn s p. _mensb bp n\p
hnfnp. _menbpw tLmc K \ tmsS bp n\v ]pd
sp. bpn cma _mensb h[nv InjvInmcmP
knw lmk\ n kp{Koh A`njn \mbn.
Bdmw D] \njv
1. lcn\mlqb kp{Koh amlNmihntZym[y\m
2. BZmb ssaYneoaZy ZZXmizmip KXx XX
kvXXmc l\pam \_v[nw emw kambbu
3. koXmw Zrzmkpc lXzm ]pcw ZKv[zm XYm
kzbw BKXycmtaW kl \ythZbX XXzXx
4. XZm cmax t{Im[ cq]n XmXm lqbm Y hm\
c ssXx km[amZmbmkv {Xw ]pcow emw kam
bbu
5. Xmw Zrzm XZ[oti\ kmw bp aImcbXv
LS t{im{X kl {km PnZv`ymw bpw Xam
lth
6. lXzm hnZo jWw X{X kwm ]y P \ Im
Pmw BZmbmnXm IrXzm kz]pcwssXP
Kmak
7. [rX knw lm k \x k Zzn`ptPm {]k
mm khm`cW `qjnX
8. ap{Zmw m\abnw bmtay hmta tXP {]Im
in\ow [rXzm ZymJym\\ncXx nXzbx ]ctaizcx
kp{Koh hm\cmsc hnfnv \nv Adnp
IqSm ZnpI Dmhnspw thKw ChnsS \nv ]pd
sv koXmtZhnsb At\zjnWsap DS cma\v
hnhcw sImSpWsap \ntinp ]ns l\pam
kap{Zw NmSn ebnsen. koXsb Ip. At\Iw cm
Okmsc sImp e `kvaamn. WSnhv cmas\
hnhc a dnbnp XpSv cma tIm]tmsS bpw Bcw
`np. Ipw`I sIms p. ]ns C{Pnpw cmh
W\pw sIms p. hn`ojWs\ em[n]Xn bmn. koX
sbmSpw hm\cmtcmSpw IqSn cma Atbm[ybnsen,
knwlmk\mcqV\mbn Atl ns hep ssIbn
m\ ap{Zbpw CSpX ssIbn [\qabnhnZybpapv.
Cs\ Zzn`pP[mcnbmb {iocma kzbw hymJym\ap{Z
bn nXn sNpp.
9. DZKv Zn Wtbm kzky i{XpLv \ `cXu [rX
l\paw N t{imXmc a{KXx kymXv {XntImWIw
10. `cXm[kvXp kp{Kohw i{XpLv\mt[m hn`o
jWw ]nta eWw Xky [rX{Xw NNmacw
11. XZkvXu XmehrIX Icu {Xy{kw ]p\Z
[X Ghw jSvtIm WamZukz ZoLmwssKcmj
kwbpXx
12. Zz nXobw hmkp tZ hmss\y cmt m Zn jp
kwbpXx XrXobw hmbpkq\pw N kp{Kohw `cXw
XYm
13. hn`ojWw evaWw Nw KZwNmcn hna\w
Pmw_hw N ssXcyp kvXtXm [rn P.b
Ix
14. hnP b kp cm cm{ h\ Gh N
AtimtIm []me kpass{tc`ncmhrXx
16. _lnkv X Zmbpss[x ]qtPym \oemZn kaew
IrXx hknjvT hmatZhmZn ap\n`nx kap]mknX
{iocams hSp`mKv i{XpLv\\pw hev `c
X\pw \np l\pam apn ARv Peo_\mbn
\npp. CXpw {XntImW nXnb emWv. `c Xs Xmsg
kp{Koh i{XpLm\s Xmsg hn`ojW, cmas ]pd
In evaa W O{Xhpw Nma chpambncnpp. `c X
i{XpLv\mcpsS ssIbn Xmehrapv. `cX evaW
i{XpLv\ m {XntImWnXn bmeWv . cma _oP a{m
hrX\mWv . cmav BtbmZn ZnpIfn hmkptZh,
kjW, imn, kc kzXn, {io {]Zypav, A\n cp
cXn Fnhcpv. cma Ahscmv ZznXobmhc Wnem
Wv . `cX, i{XpLv\, evaW, l\pam, kp{Koh,
AwKZ, Pmw_hm, hn`ojW, Fn h cmas\mw
Dtm {XnXobmhcWapmIpp. cm{h\,
AtimI, kpcm Lrn, Pb, hnPb, kpa
, []me, FnhtcmsSmw Dmbncnptmgpw
XrXobmhcWw Xs. Atm {_mhv, C{, An,
ba, hcpW, hmbp, N{, \nIrXn, A\ , Cuiz
c, Fo ]pZn Iv ]memcm {iocma kamhrX\m
bncnptm NXpmhcWw kwPmXamIpp. Cu
ZnIv]memcpsS ]pdhiv Atlns Bbp[ em
Wv. CtX BhcWn \f XpS nbp hm\c m
`Khms\ kptim`nX\mpp. AhtcmsSmw hknjv T
hma tZh XpSnb aljn amcpw {iocmas D]mk\
bn eo\cmbn Ign bpp.
Ggmw D] \njv
1. Gh ap t iXx t{ ]mw \n t i kv Xky
Nm[p\m {XntcJm ]pS am enJy at[y Xmc Zzbw
entJX
I K
N P
799
2. Xty _oPamteJyw XZ[x km[yamen tJX
ZznXobm wN Xtkym[zw jjv Tyw km[Iw
XYm
3. IpcpZzbw NXXv ]mtiz entJXv _oPmtc
camw XXv khw {]mWhm`ymw N thnXw _pn
_pn am
4. ZoL`mPn jUt{kXp entJXv _oPw lrZm
Zn`nx tImW ]mtiz cam amtb XZ t{K \w K amen
tJX
5. t{Im[w tImWm{Kmtcjp enJyayZntXm
Kncw hr{Xbw km]{Xw ktcmtPhnentJXv
kzcm
6. tIktcjy ]t{X N hmIa tYmn tJXv
tXjp amem at\mhm entJ Zpkw Jybm
7. At ]mcmt\hw ]p\cZfw entJXv
tXjp \m cm b Wm mw en tJXv XXv tIktc
camw
8. XZv _ln ZzmZi Zfw hnentJXv ZzmZimcw
XtYmw \tam `KhtX hm kptZhmb C{Xbw
ASpXv ]qPmb {ns \ntiamWv katc J
I fpsS cp {XntIm Wap mn Ah bpsS \Spv
{]tXyIw {]tXyIw {]Whw FgpXWw. ]ns Ah cn
sbpw at[y BZy_oPsa gpXWw. AXns Xmsg GXv
Imcyw km[nWtam AsX gpXWw. km[yns t]cv
ZzXobmambn cn Ww. BZy_oP ns apIfn km[
Is \maw jyambncnWw. ]ns _oPns
Apanpambn Hmtcm Ipcp]Zw hc Ww. _oPns
a[ynepw km[yns apIfnepw {io teJ\w sN
Ww. Chsbmw cp {]Whfnepw tNncnWw.
]ns Bdp tImWpIfnepw ZoLkzc tmSpIqSnb aqe
_oPw FgpXWw. Hmtcmn sbpw IqsS lrZbmb \ax
Fp inc psImv kzmlm Fp FgpXWw. tImW
fpsS himbn {iow, {low, ow Fv FgpXWw. tImW
ns ap`mKmbn lpw Fpw lpw s Ccphi
enepw sFw Fpw FgpXWw. ]ns aqv hr apmn
hr tfmsSmw Xs AZfIaew Dm Ww. Ih
ens tIkcn ccw hoXap Fm kzc
hsfbpw {Iaambn FgpXpI. Ihens AZ
f fn Bdph hoXw {Iaambn FgpX Ww. amem
a{nse \mev]n tbgv h ]qn bmm
Fmas Zfn Ap h tf tijnpIbpq.
Cu coXn bn hopw Hcp Iaew Xov AXns FpZ
fenepw Hmw \tam \mcmbWmb F a{ns Hmtcm
Acw hoXw FgpXWw. AXns tIkc {io
FsgpX Ww. apIfn ]{p Zf fp Iaew
\nnv Hmtcm Zf fnepw ZzmZimc a{amb Hmw \tam
`KhtX hmkptZhmb Fv Hcp Acw hoXw FgpXpI.
Fmw D]\njv
1. BZn m m tIk tcjp hrm Im tcW
kwen tJXv XZv _lnx tjmU i Zfw enJy XXv
tIktc {lnbw
2. hm kv {X\Xn kwbpm Ztejp ZzmZ im
cw XXv knjz cPmZo\mw a{m a{o kam
en tJX
3. lpw, krw, `pw, hpw, epw, ipw, Ppw N entJXv
kayIv XtXm _lnx Zzm{Xnwimcw alm]w \mZ
_np kambpXw
4. hnentJXv a{ cmPmw kvtXjp ]t{Xjp
bXv\Xx [ymtb Z hkpt\Im Zi cp{Zmw X{X
ssh
5. ZzmZti\mw XtXm _lnw `pKrlw h{Piq
emVyw tcJm{Xb ka\znXw
6. Zzmtcmt]Xw N cmymZn `qjnXw ^Wn kp
bpXw A\tm hmkpInssh Xx ItmS
] Ix alm ] c a iwJ Kp fn tImu
{]IonXm
"A' apX hsc bp h AZfIae
ns tIkc fn hrmImc nsegpXpI. AXns
]pdta hopw ]Xn\mdpZf fp Iaew Xov tIkc
n {low FsgpX Ww. AXns ]Xn \mdpZf fntem
tcmnepw Hmtcm Acw F {Ian lpw ^Sv \ax
Fpw ZzmZimc a{hp FgpXWw. Zf fpsS kn
Ifn l\pams\ tmep hoc ]pcpjmcpsS _oPa{w
FgpX Ww. ]pdsa \mZ_npthmSp IqSnb apncp Zf
fp hnimeIaew \nn Ww. Zf fn A hkp
GImZicq{Zm ZzmZimZnXym Fnhscbpw k
sbpw [cnp hjSvImcNnhpw [ym\hpw sNWw.
32 Zffp Cu Iaens ]pdv Zq]pc b{w
\nnv AXns \mep`mKpw h{Phpw tImWpIfn
iqehpw ASbmfsSpWw. Zq]pcs aqp tcJI
tfmSv tbmPnn Ww. Cu tcJ I kXzcPkv Xtam KpW
sf kqNnnpp. a]nteXp t]mse CXn\pw
IhmS thWw. Zq]pcn cmin apXembh Xov
AXns\ ap `mK fpambn LSn nWw.
H]Xmw D] \n jv
1. Ghw ahamenJy Xky [np
hnZnp N
I K
N P
800
2. \c knwlw N hmcmlw entJXv a{ Zzbw
cmYm IqtSm tcYm \p { K tlp \mZ i ymZn
`nbpXx
3. tbm\knwlx kamJytXm Krl amcWIWn
Atym[oi hnbZv _np \mZ_oPw N kuIcw
4. lpmcw Nm{X cmaky amemat{mf[pt\cnXx
Xmtcm\ Xn \n{Zmbmx kqXnta ZiImanIm
5. cpt{ZW kwbpXmh n ta[ma c hn `qjnXm
ZoLm{IqcIr XmlymZn tXym ZoL\am\Im
6. [m t{Im[n\ytamLmN hniza]yY ta[bm
bpm ZoLm Pzmen \ob kpkqv am arXyp
cq]nWn
7. k {]Xnw lymZn\oXzXIv tzfx {]oXn
kmacm tPymXn kv Xov Wmn kwbp m
tizXm\pkzm ckwbpXm
8. ImanIm ]aqemx Xmmx [m CXyY
kkm\tm ZoLbp{Xm hmbpx kqvabptXm
hnjx
9. ImanIm ImanIm cp{Z bpmtYmY ncm
kzkm Xm]n\o ZoLbpm `q X\temt \nex
10. \mcm bWm Ix Ime {]mWmw t`mhn Zybm
bpXx ]oXmcXnkv XYm emtm tbm\ymbptm
tXm \Xnx
11. k]vX NXzmcnw iZv hKpWm k KpWx
kzbw cmPym`njnky Xky cmatkym {Iam
ntJXv
12. CZw khmIw b{w {]mbp ar jntk
hn Xm tkh Im\mw tam Ic ambp cm tcm Ky
h\w
13. A]p{XmWmw ]p{XZw N _lp\m Ina t\\
ssh {]m]v\phn WmXv kay Kap{X [mZn
Im\]n
14. CZw clkyw ]ca hoiztcWm]n ZpKaw CZw
b{w kamJymam \ tZbw {]mIrtX Pt\ CXn
q]pc b{w hcXn\ptijw AXns \mep Znp
Ifnepw \mcknwl _oPa{hpw tImW en ]{p
_oPa{hpw FgpX Ww. A\p{Klw, Cp\mZw in apX
emhtbmSp IqSnb Aca{w XsbmWv \mc knwl
_oPa{w. Cu a{w i{Xpkw lmIc\pw {Kl _m[ I
\inn pXpw Cn XImcyw km[npXpamWv. Ay
hw A[oi_np \mZw in apXemb htbmSp IqSnb
lpwhmcml a{amWv. cmas amema{amsWn AXn
BZyw {]Whw \ax \n{Z kvarXn ta[, ImanI Fnhbm
Wv . AXv cp{Zbphpw ]noSv Aac m AewIrXamb
Anbpw ta[bpamWv. ]noSv A{Iqcw tN ZoLI
ebmWv . ]ns lymZn\n. AXn \ptijw am\Z F Ie
bm hn`qjnXamb ZoLIe. ]noSv p[. A\
s#Hmw \tam `KhtX cLp\ \mb Fmbn. ]noSv
t{Im[n\n AtaLta[ FnhtbmSp IqSnb hniz amWv.
]ns ZoLw Pzmen\n kqv aw tNXmWv. ]noSv
{]Xnjv T tN {]Wh Ie. ]ns lymZn\nbpw Xzpw,
ChnsS ctmLv\ hniZmb Fv ]qnbmIpp.
]noSv tzf {]oXn Aacw tPymXn An kwbpamb
Xova A\pkzmc bp amb tizX ]noSv ImanI, h bpw
Z bpw A\ bp amb \bpw ZoLbp amb hmbphpw
kqv a CImcw ncbpw Gbps# am{Xmbpamb k
bpw BIpp. CXn \np a[pc {]k hZ\ \mb Aan
XtXPt Bbnop. A\ cw Xm]n\n ZoL`qhpw
A\n ebn \n _ebpw Dmbn. ]ns A\ A\
e \mcmb WmIamb aImcw {]mW\n \n cab
Chbpw hnZymab amb Aw`v ]oXc Xn, GbpsS am{Xmbp
am h BWv. CXn \nv hnjv Wpth Dmbn HSphn
\ax bpw {]Whpw CXv \mev]n Ggc ap cmPym`n
jn cmas\ kw_n p amema{amWv . kKpW\m
sWnepw cma km[ImcpsS {XnKpW sfbpw \inn
p h\mWv. Cu a{w {Iaambn FgpXWw. a{w khm
IamWv . ]s hnZzmm CXv ]dp sImSpn p
v . CXv tkhnp km[ Imv Bbppw Btcm
Kyhpw hnpw. HSphn kwkmcapnbpw e`npw.
]p{X lo\mv ]p{X em`w DmIpw. [m\ssh
cmKy sFizcymZnkhm`oepw CXn\m e`npw.
tKm]\ob amWn Xv. Zo BhiyamWv . A\ [nImcnIv
CXv D]tZin m ]mSn.
]mw D]\njv
1. Hmw `qXmZnIw tim`tbXv Zzmc]qPmw IrXzm]
ZvamZymk\x {]kx Amhn[mhky[ tcm
[yw]mizm\w a[y]m\w N
2. IrXzm apZpvWp kpXqenImbm cXv\mk
t\tZinIabnXzm inw Nm[mcmJyImw Iq
\mKu ]rYnhy_tP kzmkm\mYx {]Iev]y
3. hn Lv \w Zpmw t{ X hmew NhmWow
_oPmZnImwmnw tZim Zn Imw ]oT kym {Ln
tjzh [mZnImw XXzm ]qhmwkvXkvXky
`nzmtb
4. at{[{IamZ hn[zn tXPmw kyph ]Xyw
]XymZn ssan Xm\n cPx kXzw Xa GXm\n hr
{Xbw _oPVyw {IamZv `mhtb
I K
N P
801
5. Bim Jymiz kz]y Ym m\ ax m\m
m\w Nmtbky `npambmhntZy tb Iem
]mcXtXm
6. kw]qP tbXv hnaemZym in c`ytb
t h am hm l tb AwK hyp lm\n Pem ssZz
]qPy [ymymZnssI temI ]msse kvXZkv{Xw
7. hkn jv TmssZyap\n `n \oeapssJy cmcm[
tbZv cmLhw N \mssZy aptJymhlmssc hnhn
ss[ ]qssPy kv Xkv ssa P]m Znw kayIv
ka]y
8. Ghw `qXw PKZm[mc`qXw cmaw ht knZm
\ cq]w KZmZn iwJw _v P [cw `hXn k tbm
[ymtbtmam]vt\mXn khx
9. hniz gym]o cmL thmYm XZm\ow aZt[
iwJ Nt{I KZm_vtP IrXzm camklnXx kmP
k]Xv\Px km\pKx khtemIo
10. XZv `mb e_v[ Im am apzm cYm]Zw
]caw bmn tX b Cam ENx khImamZm
tb ]T \yp aem bmn tamw Nn tb kv an
kv{XtbmZi kz`q tPymXnx Xn{kx koXmcmamth
IPohhmNo jSvjSv `nx `qXmZnItaImZi ]J
tjp {Xn\hXn
Zzmc]qP Ignv ]mk\ntem atsXnepw
Bk\ntem Ccpv ] `qX ipn sNWw. cma]q
Pmhn[nbn knwlmk\ns ]pd In ep Xmgs
`mKw apIfnes `mKw Ch cp ]miz Fnhbpw
]qPn Ww. ]pd In apI fn a[y Xa ambn nXn
sNp A Zf Ia esbpw ]qPnWw. cXv\w ]Xn
knwlmk\n BNmcys\ ]qPnWw. B{ib {Xn
bmn Iqw, \mKw, ]rYzn Ch ]qPnWw. hnLvt\
izc, Zp t{X ]me, kckzXn Fn hcn _oPw
kanv \matmsSmw NXpo hn`n tNv ]qPn
Ww. tIm Xebnepw A[w, A\w AImaw
At#mw F hbnepw ]qIvhmZn ZnpIfnepw ]qP
thWw ]pdIn apIfnse a[y`mKpw, kqcy, N{
An, Fn hsc ]qPnpI. b{nse kXzc tPmKpW
{]XoIamb aqp hr epsSbpw ]qP sNpI. ]ns
ZnpIfnepw tImWpIfnepw \nn IaeIepsS
AZfsf ]qPnpI. a[y Zffn Btb
tIm XpSn {Iaambn Bmhv, AImmhv ]cam
mhv m\m]qhZnpIfn amb hnZyIe ]c Fo
XXz ]qP sNpI. hnaemZn inIfpsSbpw ]qP,
apJytZhXm\w, AwKhyqlfpsS ]qP, Lrn apX
emb temI]meIm AhcpsS Akv{X, hknjv TmZn
ap\nam Chpw {iocma\pw ]qP Anv P]mZnI
kanpI XpSv {iocma kvXpXn sNp D]mkI
tamw {]m]npp. tZl klnXw A[m\w sNbvX
cmas Bbp[ ew kzmtcml WtmsS A{]Xy
ambncpp. ]ca[maw {]m]nv Atl ns ]cnhmc
sfsbmw AXpt]mse ]c a[ma sen. ` mpw
]c a KXn e`npp. apIfn sImSp EpI khm
oepw kXzhpw {]Zm\w sNpXmWv. CXv A[y
b\w sNp `pw tamw knn pXmWv .
{iocma ]qhXm]n\yp]\njv kam]np.
Q
kt\ymtkm]\njv
1
3
imn]mTw
Hmw. A]ymbp aamwKm\n hmIv {]mW
Ijpx t{im{XatYm _eannbmWn. Nk
hmWn. khw {_tm ]\njZw amlw {_
\ncmItcmZ\ncmIcW akvXp A\ncmIcWw ta
Akv Xp XZm\n \n ctX b D]\n jp
[mkvtX abn kptX abn kp. Hmw imn:
imn: imn:.
Fs AwK ]pjv Snsb {]m]ns. hmv
{]mW Np t{imXw _ew Fnhbpw kIe C{n
bfpw ]pjvSnsb {]m]ns. Fm D]\njpIfpw
{_w XsbmWv Rm {_s ssIhnSmXncn
s. Cs\ {_\ncX\mb F\nv D]\njn
{]Xn]mZnXamb [ ssI hcs. Hmw. imn:
imn: imn:
I K
N P
802
Hmw Aymbw
1. AYmXx kw\ymtkm]m\njZw hymJymkymaxb;
A\p{ItaW kw\ymkyXn k kw\ykvX x `hXn.
Ix Abw kw\ymkx DNymtX IYw bxkw\y
kv tXm `hXn bx Bm\w {Inbm`nx Kp]v Xw
ItcmXnx amXcw ]nXc `mcymw ]p{Xm _pc
A\ptamZbnXzm tb N Aky EXznPxXm k
hmw ]qhhXv {]mWnXzm sshizm\tcjv Snw
\nhtlXv . khkzw ZZymXv bPam\ky Kmx
EXznPx ksshx]mss{Xx kamtcm]y bZmlh
\ntb Kml]tXy hm A\zmlmcy]Nt\ k`ym
hkYytbm {]mWm]m\ hymt\mZm\kam\m
khm kthjp kamtcm]tbXv. k inJm
tIim hnkrPy btm]hoXw OnXzm ]p{Xw
Zrjv Sz m Xz w bxXz w khw CXn A\pa
{tbXv, bZn A]p{Xx, Xzw khw CXn A\pa{
tbXv , bZn A]p{Xx `hXn, Bm\tah Caw
[ymXzm A\thamWx {]mNoapZnNnw hm Zniw
{]{htPXv N. NXpjp htjp `nmNcyw
NtcXv. ]mWn]mt{XWmi\w IpcymXv. Huj[h
Zi\amNtcXv . Huj[hZi\w {]miv \\obmXv .
bYmem`aiv \n bmXv . {]mWkmcWmw
bZmtatZmhrn\ PmbtX. Irtim `qXzm {Kma
GIcm{Xw, \Ktc hm]n htkXv . ]m ssh
amkm CXn. Zzu amku hm htkXv hnio
hkv{Xw hevew hm {]XnKrlvWo bmXv x bZn
Aix `hXn tiX X]ytX X] CXn bm hm
Ghw ]iyXn Inw Aky btm ]hoXw bZv
B[ym\w, hnZym km inJm, \osscx kh{X
AhnssXx Imcyw \nhb DZc]mt{XW
PeXotc \n tIX\w. { _hmZn t\m hZn
Akv XanX BZntXy IYw hm Aky D]kv]
i\w CXn. Xm tlmhmN bYm Al\n XYm
cm{Xu \ Aky\w \ Znhm. XZhn GXZv Ejn
tWmw. kIrXv Znhml Gh Akvssa `hXn
b Ghw hnZzm GXm Bm\w kw[t.
k\ymtkm]\njns\n ]dbpp. {ItaW
{]]s XrPnph\mWv kw\ymkn. kw\ymkw
FmWv ? kw\ymkw Fs\bmWv ? Bmhn\p thn
{InbIsf ]cnXyPnph\mWv k\ymkn? amXmhv,
]nXmhv, ]p{X, klHmZc FnhcpsS kX{]Imcw
bw sNnphsc Fsbpw t]mse \akv I
cnv sshizm\cbwsNpI. Cu Ln bPam\
Xs khkzhpw Zm\w sNpIbpw EXznpI kIe
kma{KnIfpw ]m{Xfpw klnXw lh\w sNIbpw
thWw. Blh\obw, Km]n]Xyw ZnWmn Fo
aqp hn[nepff AnIsfbpw k`yhpw BhkYy
hpw {]mW A]m\ hym\ DZm\ kam\ Fo
hmbpsfbpw Btcm]ntXpv. XeapSn hSnv
Ifv ]qW s]mnv ]p{Xt\mSv Cs\ ]dbWw.
"\o bkzcq]\mWv khkzcq]\mWv .' ]p{X\n
sn Xs Bmhnt\mSv Cs\ D]tZinWw.
]ns Ingtmtm hStmtm bm{X sNWw. NmXp
hWyn s]hcn \nv `n kzoIcnmw.
Ic]m{Xn `n hmn Ignmw. `Ww Huj[
sa \nebnemIWw. AXmbXv Poh \ne\nm
th `Wta ]mSpffp. Fv Inptm AXv kzoI
cnpI. tatZmhIamb `WacpXv. Cs\ Iri
Km{X\mbn {Kman Hcp cm{Xnbpw \Kcn Ap
cm{Xnbpw hknWw. hjImev Htc {Kmantem
\Kcntem Ignbmw. Asn cp amkw hsc
Ihnbmw Iodnb hkv{Xtam hchpcntbm D]tbmKnmw.
ap hkv {X [cncpXv. Cs\ tiw klnp
XmWv X]v. Cs\ {Ia{]Imcw k\ymkw kzoIcn
ph\v ]qWptem inJ tbm BNa\tam th.
B[ym\amWv . Ahs inJ; FmbnSpapff
Pen\p hb am{XamWv Ahs ]m{Xw. PemibXocw
XsbmWv Ah\p Ddm\pff m\w Ftmgpw ]I
XsbmIpp.
cmw Aymbw
1. NXzmcnwiXvkwkvImckx khXxhnc
n ip n taXyBim, Akq b, Cujym,
Almcw ZKv[zm, km[\NXpjvSb k Gh
k\ykv XpalXn.
2. k\ymtk \nbw IrXzm I
]p\\ N ItcmXn bx I
k IpcymXv Ir{NOam{Xw Xp I
]p\x kw\ykv Xp alXn II
3. kw\ymkw ]mXtbZykv Xp I
]XnXw \mktbp bx I
kw\ymkhnLv\Im N I
{Xot\Xm ]XnXm hnZp II
CXn
\mev]Xphn[nepff kwkv ImctmSp IqSnbh
\pw Fmnepw ]q hncn hh\pw Nn ip\pw
Bi, Akpb, Cujy, Almcw Fnh \innv
km[\ NXpjvTb k\pamWv k\ymkn. kw\ymkw
kzoIcnm Xocpam\nXn\ptijw AXv ssIhnh\v
Ir{Nm{mbW {hXm\pjv Tm\v tijw AXv
ssIsmffmw. kw\ymkn \nv ]X\w hh\pw
]XnX\v kw\ymkZo sImSpph\pw kw\ymk
{KlWn XSw kyjv Snph\pw ]XnXzw hcpp.
I K
N P
803
4. AY jWvU:, ]XnX:, AwKhnIe:, kvss{XW:,
_[n c:, A`I: ]mjWv U: , N{Io: , enwKo: ,
sshJm\k: , lcZz n P\: , `r XIm[ym]I: ,
in]nhnjvS: A\nI: sshcmKyh:At]ytX \
kw\ymkmlm: kw\ykv Xm bZy]n almhmtIym
tZi \m[nImcnW:
Xmsg ]dbph kw\ymkw {Klnphm tbmKyc
\]pwkI,]XnX, AwKlo\, kv{Xokz`mhm
c, _[nc, _me, aqI, ]mjWvU, enwKn, Ipjv T
tcmKn, sshJm\k, {_WXzn \nv ]XnXzw
hh thX\w ]p A[ym]I, Antlm{Xw
sNmh, \mkv XnI, sshcmKn. Hcp ]t
kw\ymkw kzoIcnmepw D]tZiw sImSpm Ahv
Albn.
5. BcqV ]XnXm]Xy: I
Ip\nJo iymhZI: I
bo XYmw KhnIe: I
ss\h kw\ykv Xp alXn II
6. kw{]XyhknXm\mw N I
alm]mXIn\mw XYm I
{hXym\ma`niv ]Xm\mw I
kw\ymkw ss\h ImctbXv II
7. {hXbRv PXt]mZm\
tlmakzm[ybhnXw I
kXyiuN]cn{`jv Sw I
kw\ymkw ss\hImctbXv I
GtX \mln kw\ymkamXptcW
hn\m{Iaw. II
kw\ymkkzoIcWn\p tijw ]XnXzw hh\pw
No \Japffh\pw aen\amb ]pffh\pw {`mp\pw
hnIemwK\pw kw\ymkw sImSpcpXv.BIkvanIambn
sshcmKyw hh,alm]m]w sNbvXh,kwkv Imc
iq\y \nXy Ch kw\ymk {KlWn\v A\l
cmWv. {hXw, bw, X]v, Zm\w, tlmaw. Fnhsbm
pw Cm\pw kzm[ymbw sNmh\pw kXyhpw
ipnbpw Cmh\pw kw\ymkw sImSpcpXv. C
s\bpffhv thWsan BXpckw\ymknamcmImw.
Fm Ahv \nbam\pkrXamb kw\ymkn\v
AlXbn.
8. Hmw `q: kzmtlXn inJmapXv]mSy btm
]hoXw _lo \ \nhtkXv. bi: _ew,m\w,
sshcmKyw, ta[mw, {]btXn btm]hoXw
On Xz m Hmw kz mlm CXn A]v kp hkv { Xw
ISnkq{Xw N hnkrPy kw\ykvXw ambm CXn.
{Xnhmca`na{tbXv .
Hmw `q: kzmlm Fv sNmn inJ IfbWw. Fm
btm]hoXw IftbXn. bw, _ew, m\w,
sshcmKyw, ta[ Fnh {]Zm\w sNs Fv ]dv
]qW s]mnWw
Hmw. `q: kzmlm Fp sNmn hkv {Xsbpw Ac
m NcSns\bpw shffn Ifv "k\ymkvXw
abm' Fv aqpXhW sNmWw.
9. k\ymk\w ZznPw ZyjvSzm I
m\meXn `mkv Icx I
Gj ta aWvUew `nXzm I
]cw{_m[n KXn II
kqcy kw\ymknsbbpw {_mWs\bpw ImWp
tm kzm\p\nv hyn Nenpp. Ch
Fs aWvUesbpw t``np sImv {_s {]m]n
pp shv ]dbpp.
10. jjvSow Ipem\n AXoXm\n I
jjvSnamKmanIm\n N I
Ipem\ypctX {]mx I
kw\ykvX anXn tbm htZXv. II
11. tb N km\Pmwx tZmjmx I
tb tZmjm tZlkw`hmx I
ss{]jmnKltX khm I
Xpjmncnh Im\w II
12. kJm am tKm]mtbXnZWv Uw ]cn{KtlXv
13. ZWvUw Xp sshWhw kuayw kXzw N
]pWyekapXv]w \m\m
Ij tim[nXw
14. AZKv[alXw IossSx I
]h{KnhncmPnXw I
\mkmZLv\w inckvXpeyw I
{Zpthmhm hnZybmZyXnx II
"Rm kw\ymknp" Fp ]dbp m\n Xs
hcm t]mIpXpw IgnXpamb Adp]Xv XeapdIfn
epffhsc Dcnpp. ss]XrIamb tZmjsfbpw
Xs imcncoI tZmjsfbpw Abm Danobv
kznse amen\ysat]mse `kv aampp.
"kplrt,Fs cnp" Fp ]dp ZWv Uw
kzoIcnWw. apfbmWv ZWvUn\v Daw. AXv
hfhnmXpw appI CmXpw \m\v
hfXpambncnWw. AXn Hcp hn[nepff tItSm
]pffntbm ]mSn. ]gInbXpw IoS XpfXpw A`n
Imaya. aqphsctbm Xehsctbm ]pcnIw hsctbm
\nfw hcpXmbncnWw.
I K
N P
804
15. ZWvUmXv at\mkvXp kwtbmKx I
khYm Xp hn[obtXm I
\ ZWv tU\ hn\m Kt
Znjp t] {Xbw _px[x
Bmhn\pw ZWvUn\pw Xnepff tN Bh
iyamWv. AXn\m k\ymkn ssIbn ZWvUanmsX
aqp ic]X\ Zqcn IqSpX kcncpXv.
16. PKnh\w Poh\m[mc`qXw am tX am a{
bkz kh kuay CXn IaWv Uep FSpv
tbmK]m`njn\mbn bYmkpJw kcnpI.
17. XyP [ a[w N I
Dt` kXym\rtX XyP I
Dt` kXym\rtX Xzzm I
tb\ XyPkn XXv XyP I
18. sshcmKy kw\ymko, m\ kw\ymko,
PmRm\sshcmKy kw\ymko, I kw\ymkn
CXn NmXphn[yap]mKXmx
[m[sfbpw kXymkXsfbpw XyPnp
I. ]ns GXp aptJ\bmtWkXymkXysf shSn
Xv AXns\bpw XyPnpI. kw\ymknam \mephn[
apv. sshcmKy kw\ymkn, m\kw\ymkn, m\
sshcmKy kw\ymkn, I kw\ymkn.
19. XZytYXn. ZrjvSm\p{ihnIsshXrjvWytaXy
{ ]mIv ]p Wy Ihn tijmXv kw\y kv Xx
ksshcmKy kw\ymkn.
20. imkv {Xm\mXv ,]m]]pWy temIm\p`h
{ ihWmXv , { ]]tm]ctXm tZlhk\mw
imkv { Xhmk\mw Xyz m Aha\m\man h
{]hrnw khw tlbw aXzm km[\NXp
jv Skx bx kw\ykyXn k Gh m\
kw\ymko.
21. {ItaW kha`yky kh a\p`qb m\
sshcmKym`ymw kz cq ]kmt\\ AtZl
am{Xmhinjv Sx kw\ymky PmXcq][tcm `hXn
km\sshcmKy kw\ymko.
IXpw tIXpamb hnjbtfmSv Xme]cyam
msX ]qh P]pWy^eambn sshcmKyw hXn\m
kw\ymknhs\ sshcmKykw\ymknsbv ]dbpp.
imkv{Xm\w t\Sn temInse \ XnI A\p`n
dnv {]]n\p t\pff Xmev ]cyw hnv tZlhm
k\ imkv{Xhmk\, temIhmk\ Fo GjW {Xbw
hnv Fm hn[nepapff {]m]nI hrnIfpw On
n ]mZmw t]mse IcpXn km[\NXpjvSbw tNv
kw\ymkw kzoIcnph\mWv m\ kw\ymkn.
{Iam\pkrXambn kIeXpw A`yknp Fmnsbpw
A\p`hw t\Sn m\ sshcmKy XXz icnpw
{Klnv tZlw am{Xw Ahtijnnp kw\ymkw kzoIcn
ph PvRm\ sshcmKy kw\ymknbmIpp.
22. {_Ncyw kam]y Krlo`qXzm hm\ {]m
{iataXy sshcmKym`mth f ]n B{ia {Iam\p
kmtcW bx kw\ykrk I kw\ymkn.
{_mNcyw Kmlyw hm\{]w Fo aqm
{iasfbpw bYmhn[n \nhlnXn\ptijw sshcm
Kyw Dmbnsn t]mepw \nbam\pkcWw kw\ymkw
kzoIcnph I kw\ymkn.
23. kw\ymkx jUv hnt[m `hXn IpSoNI
_lqZI lwk ]calwk XpcobmXoXmh[r
XmtXn
24. IpSoNIx inJm b tm ]hoXnZWv UI
aWvUep[cx Im ]o\ imSoIm [cx ]nXr amXr
Kwhmcm[\ ]cx ]oTcJ\n{Xn inIymZn a{
km[\ ]cx GI {XmmZ\ ]cx tiztXm [z
]pWv {U[mcn {Xn ZWvUx
25. _lqZI inJmZn Im[c kv{Xo ]pWv{U
[mco {Xn ZWvUx
k\ymknam Bdp hn[amWv. IpSoNI, _lqZ
I, lwk, ]calwk, XpcobmXoX, Ah [qX,
IpSoNI, inJbpw ]qWqepw [cnv ZWvUw IaWvUep,
Iu]o\w, I, Infm Fnhsc Bcm[nv ]oTw
Iqmen inIyw Fnhbpambn HcnSp\np am{Xw
`Ww Ignv tiztXm[z]p{[mcnbmbn {XnZWv Uw
[cnv kcnpp. _lpZI inJ, I Fnh
[cnph\pw Fm hn[nepw IpSoNIs\tmse
tX\obpsS ]cn]mSnIeh\pw BWv Ah Fpcpf
tNmdpam{Xw `npp.
26. lwtkm PSm[mco { Xn ]p Wv t{ Um[z
]p Wv { U[mco Akw o]v Xa[p Icmmio
Iu]o\ JWvUXpWvU [mco.
27. ]cwalwk inJmbtm]hoX cloXx
] KrtljpIc]m{Xn GI Iu]o\ [mcoim
SotaImtaIw sshWhwZWv UtaI imSo tcm
hm`kv tampf\ ]cx kh XymKo
lwk PSm[mcnbmWv . {Xn]pWv {Uhw A
]pWv{U[mcnbpw ]ebnSp \npw tNmZnp hmn.
`Ww Ignph\pw Iu]o\am{X [mcnbpamWv .
AphoSpIfn \npw ssIbn `n kzoIcnpp.
Asn `kv aw [cnv Hcp hncnp am{Xw kzoIcnv
kIeXpw ssI shSnbpp.
I K
N P
805
28. XpcobmXotXm tKmapJ hrXzm^emlco
Amlmco tNXv Krl{Xtb tZlam{XmhinjvSx
ZnKw_cx IpW]hXv icochrnIx
29. Ah[qXkv Xp A\nbax ]XnXm`n ikv X
hP\ ]qhIw kh htjvT APKcarXym
Blmc ]cx kzcq]m\pkm ]cx
khkwK]cnXymKnbmWv XpcobmXoX. Ah
tKmapJ hrnbpw aqv hoSpIfn \nv Atam
^eaqemZnItfm `nbmbn kzoIcnph\pw tZl
am{Xw ]peph\pw ZnKw_c\pamWv . Ah kzw
icos arXicocw t]mse IcpXn PohnXw \bnpp.
Ah[qX\v bmsXmcp \nbahpan. Ah ]XoXamcpw
\nnXamcpw HgnsI Fm hfn \npw
s]cpmns an InpXpsImv Xr]vXnsv Ign
pIqSpp. Ah kz kzcq]m\pkm\n apgpIn
bncnpp.
30. PKmhZnZnZw \mlwk hr XrW ]h
XwbZv _mlyw PUaXywXXv kymw IY alm
hn `pxImte \mev t]\ hn ebotZtlm kla
tNX\.
31. PUbm I ijvSeym Iev]am\ W
tbmiq\ymIrXnx iq\y `hx i_vtZm
\m l a X tNX\x
acfpw ]pw CeIfpw ]hXfpw\nd Cu
kakvX PKpw Fn \nv `namWv.Atm Rm
Fs\ Ahbn Hmbnocpw? Fsm Rm
hn`qh\mWv . Imen Iev]nXhpw AXnio{Lw hnebm
{]m]npXpamb tZlw Rm\.
32. Xz Nm W hn\m in\ym{]mt]ym f {]mt]ym
f b a \yYmNnXv {]kmtZm ]e_vt[mmkv]
tim \mla tNX\x
e_v[mm Pnbm Xptmtemebm temek
bmkzev]kv]t\m {Zhy \njvtTmctkm \mla
tNX\x
34. Zriy Zi\tbm eo\w boW hn\min
t\mx tIhte {`jvScnnWwcq]w \mla tNcWw.
35. \mkbmKPUbmbnWym ]cnIev ]nXx
t]ethmS \nbXmImtcmKtm
\ml a tNX\x
36. \nt f a\\x imtmKX
]t{nb {`axip
tNX\ GhmlwImemIe\ hPn Xx
ssNX\y hPnXx Nnm{Xal
tatjm f h `mkI.
Aev ] t\cw am{Xw \ne\nevpXpw iq\ymIr
Xnbpw iq\ymkzcq]hpw Iev]nXhpw AtNX\hpamb
PUi_v Zcq] Rm. AXpt]mse Aev] kabn\p
ffn \inpXpw \mIpXpamb Cu Xzpw
Fn \nv `namWv . Rm ssNX\y {]`mhn
Bm\p `qXn ssIhcp PU kv]ia. Nea\
n \npw AXnt\mSv tN \mn \npw {Zhy
n \npw Dmb Xpamb kv]\hpw Rm\.
AXpt]mse ZriyZi\ hnebw {]m]nXn\ptijw
\inp PUamb A\p`hhpan. Rm tIhew
{`jvSmhp am{Xw.Xpamb PUKhpw Rm\. As\
Rm ]t{nbepsS {`aanmh\pw aaX cln
X\pw imn kzcq]\pw Iemamen\y clnX\pw imn
kzcq]\pw Iemamen\y clnX\pw ip ssNX\y kzcq]
\pw BWv . Rm ssNX\yn\p AZoXamb Nnm{X
{]ImiamWv.
37. k _m lym`ymc hym]n I
\njvItem f lw \ncRvP\x I
\nhnIev] NnZm`mk I
GI Ghmkvan khKx II
38. assbhtNXt\t\ta I
kth LS]SmZbx I
kqcymm Ah`mkymt I
Zot]t\hmtXPkm II
39. assbh Xmx kv^pcol I
hnNnt{X{nb hrb I
tXPkmx {]Imti\ I
bYmn IW]wbx II
40. A\m\m kwt`mKm I
Ntcm]ia imen\n I
iptmbw Nnbo Zrjv Sn
PbXyJne Zrjv Snjp
41. kh `mhmcmb I
ssNXyap NnZmt\ I
{]XyIv ssNX\y cq]mb I
alytah \tam \ax
AIpw ]pdpw hym]n \njvIf\ncRv P\
\nhnIev]\mbn NnZm`mk\mbn khhym]nbmbnpff
GImmhmWv Rm. Fs Htc Hcp ssNX\yn
\npamWv NcmNcw apX kqcy hscbpff Fmw
tXPkznIfmsSpXv . kth{nbfpsSbpw hnNn{X
hpw hn`nhpamb coXnbnepff hrnI Fs Ax
{]Imin \npw Anbn \npw kv^penwKsf
I K
N P
806
t]mse DmIpp. Cu ipNnbZrjvSn Ghpw
B\{]Zhpw imnimenbpw GXp Xcn t\mn
bmepw Pbw ssIhcnpXpamWv. Cu apamb
Bmhv Fm hn[nepff `mhmcfnepw mbn
bmbn \ne\npp. CXv ssNX\ymhbn \npw
apamb NnZmmhmWv . Cs\bpff {]XyKmmhn\v
\akvImcw.
42. hnNn{Xmx imbx kz I
kambm \nhnImcbm I
Nn{Xm{Inbt kabm I
Iem Ie\ apbm II
43. Ime{Xb apt]n{Xym
lo\mbmssXy _ss\x I
Nn{XssXyapt]nXzm I
kassXhmhinjytX.
44. km ln hmNmaKayXzm
Zkm an] imizXn x I
ss\cmknmZi
ap]bmssXh injytX II
45. Culm\olm a ssb c
bm NnZmhenXm assex I
bm NntmXv]mZnXpw iym I
]mi _th ]nWn II
46. CmtZzjkapt\ I
Zzztamtl\ Phx I
[cmhnhc am\mw I
IoSm\mw kaXmw KXmx II
hnNn{Xhpw kzhpw kh `mhbphpamb
inIsf {]ISampXv. \njvIfhpw Iev]m\mXoXhp
amb NnXv in XsbmWv . Cu Nnn {XnImesf
mfpw in IqSnbXpw Zriy{]]_\ hnap
amWv . hmNma tKm]pchpw imkzXhpw \ncXn ibhpamb
Bmhnes\tmse AXv {]tim`npp. Cm\nI
tfmSp IqSnbhcn hnfp NnXv in amen\yabam
Wv . AXv ]mi_amb ]nsbtmse ]dm
Aiampp. C sImpw DmIpZzz`mhm
PohnI tamlw \nanw ]rYznbpsS Kn hoW
IoSv Xpeyambncnpp.
47. Bt\kvXp \akv Xp `yahnn
NnZmt\ I
]cmarjv tSm f kv ane_vt[mfkvan I
t{]mZntXmkv ayNncmZlw
48. DrtXm fkvan hnIev t]t`ym
tbm fkvan tkm f kvan \tamkv Xp tXXp`yw
alya\mb I
Xp`yw alyw NnZmt\ II
49. \akvXp`yw ]tcimb I
\tam alyw inhmb N I
Xnjv T\m]n ln \mkot\m I
K]n \ KXn
50. imtm f ]n hyhlmcw I
Iph]n \ en]ytX I
kptbm ]vX _p hXv I
icoc ]Ipltc I
thjmtahm jSv ]Zx
Ahnn Nn{Zq]mmhmb \n\v \akv Imcw.
Rm kZm {]Xyhpw e_v [hpw DZnXamIpp.
hnIev]clnX\mWv Rm. Rm GsXmmtWm AXp
Xs Rm. F\nv \akvImcw. Rm\pw \obpw A\
amWv . \mw cp t]cpw NnZmmhmWv.Cu Bmhv Ccn
pnsnepw Ccnpp. t]mIpsnepw t]mIp
n. im\msWnepw Ihy{K\mWv. Imcy
sNpp shnepw Hnepw en]vX\. Bmhv kZm
kpe`amWv. _phns\tmse ka\pw Fmhcp
sSbpw icocamIp ]Iplcn {`acstmse
hknpXpamWv .
51. \ ta t`mKnXu hmRv Om I
\ ta t`mKhnkPt\ I
bZmbmXn XZmbmXp I
XXv {]bmXn {]bmXp XXv II
52. a\km a\knnt I
\nclmcXmw KtX I
`mth\ KfntX `mth I
kzkvXnjvTman tIhe: II
53. \n`mhw \nclmcw I
\na\kvIa\olnXw I
tIhemkv] ipm
t\yh XnjvTXn ta cn]px
54. Xrjv Wm cKWw OnXzm I
acocI ]RvPcmXv I
\ Pmt\ Iy KtXmob I
\nclmc ]oWo II
I K
N P
807
55. bky \mlw IrtXm t`mthm I
_pn bky \en]vbtX I
bx kax kh `q tXjv TPohn Xw Xky
tim`tX II
t`mK A\p`hnWsatm t`mKs shSnb
Wsatm F\nm{Klan. hcpXv hcs t]mIpXv
t]mIs, a\n \npw a\v thsm, Alw
mcw AkvXanm `mh\bm `mh\m \miwkw`hn
m Rm tIhew kz cp]n nXn sNpp.
`mhclnX\pw \nclmc\pw at\mclnX\pw kv ]c
lnXamb ipmmhpamW vRm. B \nebn F\nv
i{Xp FhnsS? Fs icoc ]nRvPcn hknncp
\nclmcamb ]n XrjvWbmIpIb s]mnv
FhnsS t]mtbm? AIrI\pw \nen]vX _pnbpw
kaZinbpw Bbn bmsXmcm PohnXw \bnpp
Ahs PohnXamWv tim`\w.
56. tbmx ioXebm _pym I
cmKtZzjhnapbm I
kmnhXv ]iyXoZw ln I
PohnXw Xky tim`tX I
57. tb\ kayIv ]cnmb I
tltbm]mtZb aPv Xm I
Nnkymt fnXw Nnw I
PohnXw Xky tim`tX II
58. {Kmlym{KmlyI kw_t I
otW imn cptZXyew I
nXna`ymKXm imo I
tam\m am`n[obtX II
59. {`jv S_otPm]am `qtbm I
PmpchnhPnXm I
lrZn PohZv hnapm\mw I
ipm `hXn hmk\m II
60. ]mh\o ]ctamZmcm I
ipkXzm\p]mXo\n I
B [ym\abo \nXym I
kpjp]vXn th XnjvTXn II
ioXfamb Ax IcWtmSp IqSnbh\pw cmK
tZzjmZnclnX\pw temIs kmo `mht\ ImWp
h\pamb hynbpsSPohnXw [\yamWv. \XnIsf
kw_n Nn Dt]nh\pw Nnn Xs
ebnnh\pamb hynbpsS PohnXw tim`mbam\
amWv . {Kmlym{KmlyXm _w \inm imn ssIh
cpp. As\bpff imnv tamsav ]dbpp.
hdpsSp hnv apfm tbmKyamXpt]mse
Pohp\mbnonpffhs lyZbnse hmk
\I ipambnocpp. Ah ip\pw DZmc\pw
ipkXz\pw B[ym\bp\pw B[ym\bp
\pw \nXykpjp]vXnbn nXn sNph\pamIpp.
61. tNX\w Nncnw ln I
{]XyIvtNX\ apNytX I
\n\kv Ikz`mhXzm
X{X Ie\maew II
62. km kXyXm kminhXm I
kmh ]mcamnIm I
khXm km kwXr]v Xn
\\pb{X a\x Xw I
63. {]e] hnkrP KrlvW
pj \nanj]n I
\nckv Xa\\m\
kwhnm{X]tcm f kv aylw II
64. aew kwthZyapXvkrPy I
at\m \nqeb ]cw I
Bim]mim\ew OnXzm I
kwhnm{X ]tcmkvaylw II
65. Aip`mip`kev]x I
kwimtm kvan \ncmab; I
\jvtSm jvSm\njvSIe\; I
kwhnm{X ]tcmkvaylw II
tNX\w Nnncnambnocptm AXv Bm
hmIp tNX\sbv ]dbsSpp. kz`mhw CbmIp
tm AXn tZmjan. AXpXs kXymh.
AXpsImmWv. inhcq]w kXymIamIpXv. AXp
Xs khX. AXpXs kq Xr]v Xn.
AXn a\n bmsXmcp hn[nepapff tZmj`mhhpw
Dmn. Rm ]dbpIbpw ssIhnSpIbpw FSppI
bpw IpXpdpIbpw ASbvpIbpw sNppshn
epw a\\w tN B\amIp kwhnv Bmhp
Xs kwthZyamb amen\yaIn.
a\ns\ CmclnXamn Bim]miw hntZnv
Rm tIhew kwhnXv cq]n nXn sNpp. ip
`mip` kev ]sfmpw IqSmsX Rm \ncmabnXn
bnemWv. Cjv Sm\njvS`mK shSnv Rm tIhe
kwhnXv kzcq]ambn.
I K
N P
808
66. BXm ]ctX Xyzm I
\nhn`mtKm PKnXx I
h{Pkv Xw`hZmm\
ahew_y ntcmkvarlw I
\nembmw \ncmimbmw
kzkwhnmotXmkvaylw II
67. CulnXm \nlnssX aptm I
tltbm]mtZb hPnXx I
IZmkv tXmjtajyman I
kz{]Imi ]tZ nXx I
68. ItZm] ima\t\m I
[cWo[cItc I
ktajyman inemkmayw I
\nhnIev]kam[n\m II
69. \ncmi[ym\hn{im
aqIky aa akvXtI I
IZm Xw Icnjyn I
Ipembw h\]p{XnImx II
70. \ Iev] ]mZ]w Xrjv Wm I
eXw OnXzm at\mh\w I
hnXXmw `qham\kmZy I
hnlcman bYm kpJw II
cmKtZmj shSnv hn`mKclnXamb PKn
Ignv kpZrVmmhmIp kv Xw`w B{ibnv Rm
\nesImffpp. \nehpw CmclnXhpamb Bm
nXnbn Rm \nesImffpp. Rm tNjvSbpw
AtNjvSbpw tlbhpw D]tZbhpw ssIhnv Ftm
BmkpjvS\mIpw AtmgmWv kzbw {]Imimh
bnsepXv . Fs\nv ]hX Kplbnencpv im
\mbn a\\w sNbv Xv \nhnIev]kam[n {]m]nv Ip
t]mse \ne\mIm Ignbptam? Ftm Rm Aw
iclnXamb {_[ym\n Ghpw \ne n
Xnbnencns IpbnepI Fs Xebn IqSp \nn
ptam? kev]amIp hrsfbpw apdnv a\m
Ip hnkvXrX`qanbn Fp Rm kkpJw hnhcn
pw? ]ca]Zw {]m]nv ssIheycq]ambn Rm hnlcn
pp.
71. ]Zw XZ\pbmtXmkvan I
tIhtem fkvan P]maylw I
\nhmtWm fkv an\octlm fkvan I
\n cmtim fkvan \ncn]vknXx II
72. kztXmPnXXm km I
lrZyXm kXyXmXm I
B\ntXm]iaXm I
kZm {]apZntXm ZnXm I
]qWtXmZmcXm kXym I
Imn km kssZIXm II
73. CtXyhw Nnb `npx I
kzcq]nXn aRv Pkm I
\nhnIev] kzcq]tm I
\nhnIevt]m _`qh l I
\nhmW, \ncol, \ncwIpi \nco]vknX,
Cu Ahkv XItfmsS Rm kz\pw hocyhm\pw km
imenbpw kXym\ kzcq]\pw Bbnoncnpp.
B\w D]iaw {]kX ]qtmZmcX kXyw AssZz
Xw FnhbpsS `mh\ tNv k\ymkn kzkzcq]
nX\mbncnWw. \nhnIev ]kzcq]\mbn Rm
Xoncnpp.
74. BXptcm PohXn tNXv {Iakw\ymkx I
hyx \ iq{Z, kv{Xo]XntXZmIym,kw`mjWw. \
btXtZh]qPt\mh Zi\w. Xkvam k\ym
knk GjtemIu, BXpc IpSnNItbm `temI
`qhtemIu, _lpZIky kz temIx, Xpcobm
XoXmh[oXtbmx kzmt\yh ssIheyw kzcq
]m\pkmt\\ {`acIoS\ymbhXvx
BXpc k\ymkw kzoIcnh PohnncnpIbm
sWn Ah {Iakw\ymkw kzoIcnm, {ian
Ww, iq{Z, kv{Xn ]XnX. cPkzebmb kv{Xn Fnhcp
ambn kw`mjWacpXv. GsXnepw tZhs\ ]qPnp
Dhw ImWm t]mIcpXv. ImcWw euInIImcyw
k\ymknpffX. BXpc\pw IpSnNI\pw `qtemIhpw
`qh temIhpw _lpZI\v kztemIhpw lwk\v
Xt]mtemIhpw ]calwk\v kXytemIhpw e`npp.
XqcnbmXnXsbpw Ah[qXsbpw \nebnepffh {`ac
IoS\ymtb\ kzkzcq]m\p km\w sNbvXv ssIheym
hbn nXn sNpp.
75. kzcq]m\p km\ hyXncnm\y imkv{Xm
`ymk Djv {SIppa `mhmZv hyx \ tbmK
imkv {X {]hrnx \ kmwJy ikv {Xm`ymtkm \
a{ X{hym]mcx t\Xc ikv {X{]hrnb
tXkvXn. AkvXn tNZv OhmemchXv INmchn
ZyZqcx \ ]cn{hmUv \mako\ ]cx bZy
XvI ItcmXn XZv ^ea\p`hXn. GcWvU
ssXet^\hXv khw ]cnXytPXv \ tZhXm
{]kmZ {KlWw _mly tZhm\w IpcymXv.
I K
N P
809
kzcq]m\p km\amsX ap imkv {XfpsS A`y
k\w k\ymknsb kw_nnStmfw HIns
]pdv Ippaw IbpXpt]mse shdpsXbmWv .
kw\ymknI tbmK{]hrntbmkmwJy imkv{Xm`ym
ktam a{X{ hym]mcmZnItfm Hpw sNtXn.
AsXms hPyamIpp. Bscnepw As\ sNbvXm
AXv ihs AecnpXpt]msebmWv. \mak
o\fnepw kw\ymkn hym]cncpXv . ImcWw
Fsnepw Iw sNbv Xm AXns ^ew A\p
`hntXmbn hcpp. Ah BhWsbnse
]Xt]mse kIeXpw XyPnWw. kw\ymknv GsX
nepw tZhXbpsS {]kmZw ZinpItbm GsXnepw
_mly tZhXsb ]qPnpItbm sNt Bhiyan.
76. kzhyXncnw khw Xyzm a[pcIchrXym
Blmcw Ignv taZv hnnp Blmcsampw
IgnmsX Iriicoc\mbn hnlcnWw. ssIbntem
]m{Xntem `n kzoIcnv Imew \bnWw. B
m\nbmb kw\ymkn BkwlnXamb Blmcta
Ignm ]mSpffp.
77. Blmcky N `mKu Zzu I
XrXoX apZIky N I
hmtbmx kmcWmmb I
NXpahtijtbXv I
78. ss`tW htbnXyw I
ss\Immio`thXv IzNnXv I
\ncot Xz\pZznm
kvXZv Krlw bXv\tXm {htPXv II
hbdns cp `mKw L\]Zmw sImpw Hcp
`mKw shffw sImpw \ndpw \mensemcp`mKw hmbp
kmcn\v HgnnSWw. `nmhrnXs kzoIcn
pI. Htc hon \nv XpSsc Blmcw IgncpXv.
imambn ImncnphcpsS hon `np
t]mIpI.
79. ] k]vX KrlmWmw Xp I
`nm antXv {InbmhXmw I
tKmtZml am{XamImw t I
\njv{Im tm \ ]p\ {htPXv
80. \mZv hctm]hmk I
D]hmkmZbmNnXx I
AbmNnXmZv hcw ss`yw I
XkvamZv ss`tyW htbZv II
81. ss\h khym] kthy\ I
`nmImte hntiZv Krlm I
\mXn {ImaXv Krlw tamlm
Zy{X tZmtjm \ hnZytX II
82. t{im{Xnbmw \ `ntX I
{im `n _lnjvIrXw I
{hmXykym]n Krtl `ntXv I
{im`n ]pckvIrtX II
83. am[qIckkwn]vXw I
{]mIv {]WoX abm NnXw I
XmXmImenIw tNm]]w I
ss`w ]hn[w kvarXw II
84. a\x kev]clnXmw
kv{Xo Krlm ]k]vXhm I
a[panIhXv IrXzm I
am[qIcanXn kvarXx II
85. {]mXx Imte N ]pthZyp
bZv `ssx {]mnXw aplpx I
XZv ss`w {]mIv {]WoXw kymXv I
nXw IpcymXv XYm]n hm II
ipmNmcnIfmbhcpsS Atm Gtgm hoSpIfn
`nv t]mImw ]iphns\ Idm BhiyapffnS
tmfw kabw Imp\nmw. Hcn t]mb hon
hopw t]mIcpXv . cm{Xnbnse Blmcsm D]hm
kw {ijv TamWv . AbmNnX `nsbm bmNnX `n
bmWpaw, AXn\m `nsb B{ibnpI. `nmL
n CSXphipff hgnIfn IqSntbm heXp`mK
pIqSntbm hon {]thincpXv . tZmjcloXamb
Krln t]mImXncncpXv. thZ {imclnX\m
sWn AbmfpsS Krln t]mtI. kwkv Imc
iq\ys\nepw {ibpw `nbpw Dffhs\n Ahs
Krln \npw `n kzoIcnmw. `n Ap
hn[nepv. Akwn]vXw, am[pIcw, {]mIv{]WoXw,
AbmNnXw, XmXv ImenIw D]]w. a\n apIqn
DdbvmsX GsXnepw aqtm Atm Gtgm hoSpI
fn sNv tX\nsbtmse `n kzoIcopXv
Akev]nX am[qIcamWv. {]`mX thfbntem {]Ya
Znhkw Xstbm Bscnepw `n]qhw At]n
m AhnsS {]mIv {]WoX `n kzoIcnpXn\v
t]mImhpXmWv .
86. `nmS\ kaptZymKm
tZy\ tI\ \na{nXw I
AbmNnXw Xp XZv ss`
t`mhyw N apapn`nx II
I K
N P
810
87. D]mmt\\ bXv t{]mw I
`nmw {_mtW XXv I
Xmev menI anXn JymXw I
t`mhyw bXn `nx kZm II
88. knaw bZm \oXw I
{_mtW\ aTw {]Xn I
D]]anXn {]mlp
ap\tbm tam ImwnWx II
89. Ntcm[qIcw ss`w I
bXntIp emZ]n I
GImw \Xp `pRvPnX I
_rlkv ]Xn kamZ]n I
bmNnXmbmNnNXm`ymw N I
`nm`ymw Iev]tbXv _p[x II
90. \ hmbpx kv]i tZmtjW I
\mo Zl\ IWm I
\mt]m aq{X]qcojm `ymw I
\mtZmtjW akvIco II
91. hn[qta kapkte I
hywKmtc `pht\ I
Iptey]cmt `qbnjv tT I
`nmNcWamNtcXv II
92. A`nikvXw N ]XnXw I
]mjWvUw tZh ]qPIw I
hPbnXzm NtcZv ss`w I
khhtjp Nm]Zn II
`nmw kcnptm Bscnepw Wn
m AhnsS t]mbn kw\ymkn `n kzoIcnpXv
AbmNnX `nbmWv . `nv ]pdsSptm Hcp
{_mW hv Blmcw Ignm Wnm B
XmevmenI `n kzoIcnmw. \nXyhpw Hcp {_m
W Xs Krln ]mIw sNbvX Blmcw sImp
hp Xm tamtphmb k\ymknv D]] `n
bmbn AXv ssIsmffmw. \nhrnbnsn kw\ym
knv ts Kyln \npw `nbmImw. Fm
Htc m\p\np Xs Hcnepw `n kzoIcn
cpXv. Hcp ]t Abm _rlkv]Xnsbtmse
]qPy\msWnepw kZmbmNnXtam AbNnXtam Bb
`n aptJ\ PohnXw IgnpXmWp Nn{Xw. hmbp
kIescbpw kv ]inpp, An kIeXpw Zlnn
pp, Pen aeaq{XmZnI Iecpp, Fnepw
Ahv kv ]itZmjan. AXpt]mse kw\ymkn
AtZmjw sImv ZpjnX\mIpn. ]pIbnmXpw
DebpsS i_vZw CmXpw Bb m\pw Xobv
ian epw BfpI Blmcw IgnpsImncnp
nSpw a[ym tijw `n kzoIcnmw. B]XvIm
efn kw\ymknv \ny\pw ]XnX\pw ]mjWvU
\pw BbnpffhcpsS hoSpIsfmgnsI kIehfn
s]hcn \npw `n kzoIcnmhpXmWv.
93. LrXw izaq{X kZriw I
a[p kymXv kpcbmkaw I
ssXew kqIc aq{Xw kymXv I
kq]w eiq\ knXw II
94. amj ]q]mZn tKmaw kw I
ocw aq{Xkaw `thXv I
XkvamXv kh {]btXv \ I
LrXmZn htbZyXnx II
LrXkp]mZn kwbp
aw \mZymXv I ZmN\ I
]m{Xaky `thXv ]mWn
kvtX\ \nXyw nXnw \tbXv I
]mWn]m{X c tbmKn \mkv IrXv
ss`amNtcXv II
96. Btky\ Xp bZmlmcx I
tKmhXv arKbtX ap\nx I
XZm kax kymXv kthjy I
tkm f arXXzmb Iev]tX II
s\v k\ymknsb kw_nnStmfw IpXnc
aq{Xn\v XpeyamWv. tX aZyn\v Xpeyhpw, F
]naq{Xn\v Xpeyas{X. shfppffn tN ]Zm
, DgpptNhapXembh tKmamwk\p
XpeyamWv . ]mev aq{Xn\v Xpeyw, s\v apXembh
Cm Blmcta Ignmhq. kw\ymknv ssI
XsbmWv ]m{Xw. AXn Xs Blmcw IgnWw.
Hcp Znhkw cp XhW `ncpXv. ]iphns\tmse
Blmcw Ignp k\ymkn ka Zinbmb AarXXz
n\v ]m{XamIpp.
97. BPyw cp[ncanh XytPXv GI{Xmw ]ee
anh mcay Panh hkv {XapnjvS hm {ianh
A`rKw kv{Xo kwKanh an{XmmZbpw aq{Xanh
kv ]r lmw tKmamwkan h mXNctZiw
NWvUme hmSn Imanh kv{Xnbw Alnanh kph
w ImfIqSnanh k`mew ivami\ eanh
cmP[m\nw Ipw`n]mI anh ihw ]nWvUh tZI
{Xmw \ tZhXm\w {]]hrn ]cnXyPy
Pohptm `thXv .
I K
N P
811
s\v cn\p Xpeyambpw Iqnsh amkwt]m
sebpw ]cnXyPnpI. Km\pte]\w ZpjvX hkvXphn
s\mhpw Dv NWvUmfs\tmsebpw hkv{Xw Fn
]m{Xw t]msebpw A`ywKw kv {XokwKw t]msebpw
t\cw t]mv aq{Xstmsebpw Alw`mhw tKmamwkw
tmsebpw IcpXWw. ]cnNnXcpsS Krln `nv
t]mIcpXv. k`mZnI iv aim\ambn IcpXpI. Htc hon
\nv `Ww IgnpXv arXI ]nWv Uw t]mse IcpXn
ssIshSnbWw. tZh]qP ]mSn. {]m]nI kpJw
ssIhnv Pohp\mIpI.
98. Bk\w ]m{Xtem]kbx
injy kbx I
Znhmkzt]m hrYmemt]m I
btX_IcmWn jSv II
99. hjmt`ym\y{X bXv m\
amk\w XZpZmlrXw I
DmemZn ]m{XmWm
taI kym ]ol kw{Klx I
100. btXx kwhyhlmcmb I
]m{Xtem]x k DNytX I
KrloXky Xp ZWvUmtZ
ZznXobky ]cn{Klx II
Bkw, ]m{Xtem]\w, k\w, injykbw
,Znhmkz]v\w, hrXmem]w, Cu Bdpw bXnv _
ImcWamWv . hjImew HgnsIbpff m\n\v
Bk\sav t]; k\ymknv hn[nnpff Npcbvm
apXembh \jv SsXn\p tijw asmsSppXmWv
]m{Xtem]w. Xs ZWvUw apXembh ssIhnp t]mb
Xn\ptijw asmsSppXv ]cn{KlamIpp.
101. Imemtcm]t`mKmw I
kbx ]cnIonXx I
ip{iqjm em` ]qPmw I
btimw hm ]cn{Kl II
102. injymWmw \Xp ImcWymXv I
injy kw{Kl CucnXw I
hnZym Znhm {]Imi Xzm
ZhnZym X{X cpNytX
103. hnZymt`ytk {]amtZm bx I
k Znhm kzm] DNytX I
B[ymnInw IYmw apzm `nm hmmw
hn\m XYm I
A\p{Klw ]cn{]iv\w I
hrYm Pevt]m\ym DNytX
104. GImw aZamcyw I
K]pjv]hn`pjWw I
Xmw_qem`yRv Pt\ {IoUm I
t`mKmImx m ckmb\w
105. I\w Ir\w kzkvXn I
tPymXn {Ibhn{Ibw I
{InbmIhnhmZ I
KpcphmIyhnewL\w II
106. kn hn{Ktlm bm\w I
aIw ip hkv{XIw I
ipt{mtm Znhmkz]vt\m I
`nm [mckvXp ssXPkw II
107. hnjw ssNhmbp[w _oPw I
lnwkmw ssXIjvWyw N ssaYp\w I
Xyw k\ymktbmtK\ I
Krl[mZnIw {hXw II
108. tKm{XmZn NcWw khw I
]nXramXrIpew [\w I
{]Xnjnm\n ssNXm\n I
tkhamt\m {htPZ[x I
109. kpPntm f ]n kpPnky I
hnZzm kv{Xojp \ hniztkXv I
kpPnmkz]n Imkp I
ktX Poaw_cw II
110. mhcw PwKaw _nPw I
ssXPkw hnjambp[w I
jtUXm\n \ Krlv Wobm
ZyXnxaq{X ]qcojhXv.
]ns Znhkv thn Impshbvp-
XmWv kw{Klw. ip{iqj, em`w, ]qP bin\p thn
{]hnpI Fnhbpw ]cn{KlamWv. B ipn
v kIcpWw hhs\bmsX A\ys\ injy\mp
Xv injykw{KamamW.v k\ymkn hnZysb {]Im
iambpw AhnZysb cm{Xnbmbpw IcpXsSpp. AXn
\m hnZy`ykn {]amZw ImWnpXv Znhm
kz]v\amWv. B[ymnI IYI `nsb kw_n
p Imcy A\p{Klw tNmZyn\pcw sImSp
pI FnhsbmgnsI kwkmcnpsXmw hy
Pev ]\n s]Spw Alw`mhw, acw GImw ,
Kw, ]pjv]w, B`cWw, Xmw_qe{KlWw, FtXp
Ipfn, {InU, t`mtK, ckmb\w, apJkv XpXn, \n,
I K
N P
812
Ipie{]iv \w {Ibhn{Ibw {InbmI , hmZhnhmZw
KpcphmIyewL\w kn hn{Kl, In, shfp
hkv{Xw, hocXymKw, ]Iepdw, `nm]m{Xw, kzw,
hnjw, imkv{Xw, {]mWnlnwk, tIm]w, ssaYp\w Fn
hsbmw kw\ykn ]qambpw ssIshSnbWw. amXm
hns Iense kv B{KlncpXv. hr\pw
]WvUnX\pamb kw\ymkn hrkv{Xosbbpw hnizkn
cpXv. Fsm ]gbXpWnbpw hkv{Xw XsbmW
tm. mhc PwKa _oPw kzw, hnjw, Bbp[w
Chsbmw k\ymkn aeaq{X Xpeyw XymPyambn
IcpXWw.
111. ss\hmZ`oX]mtYbw I
bXnx InnZ\m ]Zn I
]Izam]p KrlvWobmXv I
bmhZw \ e `ytX II
112. \ocpP bphm ssNh I
Znp\mhktY htkXv I
]cmw \n{]Xn{Km]yw I
\ ZZym IY\ II
113. ssZ\y `mhp `qXm\mw I
ku`Kmb bXn ivNtcXv I
]Izw hm bZn hm]Izw I
bmNamt\m {htPZ[
114. AZm\]tcm `np
hkv {XmZo\w {]Xn {Klo I
BhnIw hm\mhnIw hm I
XYm ]]Sm\]n II
115. {]XyKrly bXnXm I
]XtXyh \ kwibx I
AssZzXw \mham{inXy I
PohpmXzam]v\pbmXv . II
B]p ImemsX kw\ymkn hgnnehn\v
Hpw ssIhiw shbvcpXv. Av ImemnbXv Inn
bnn ]Izmw kzoIcnmw. BtcmKyhm\pw bphm
hpamb kw\ymkn Hcnepw A\ys Krln
IgnbcpXv .apffhp thn Fsnepw hkvXp
hmpItbm sImSppItbm ]mSn. A\ycpsS \v
Bmambn {ianWw. ]mIw sNbvXtXm A
tXm Bb hkvXp hmpItbm sImSppItbm ]mSn.
A\ycpsS \v Bmambn {ianWw. ]mIw
sNbvXtXm AmtXm Bb hkvXp BhiysSpXv
At[mKXnv ImcWamWv . Blmcn AXymn
ImpI, anI hkv{Xw Infn hkv {Xw ]p hkv {Xw
Fnh {Klnp kw\ym\nv A[:]X\amWv . AssZz
X\uIbn Ibdn PohpXzw hcnpIsbXmWv
kw\ymknbpsS Ihyw.
116. hmKvZWvtU au\amXn jvtTXv I
Imb ZWvtU Xzt`mP\w I
am\tk Xp IrtX ZWv tU I
{]mWmbmtam hn[obtX II
117. IWm _m[yX Pp
hnZybm N hnapNytX I
XkvamXv I \ Iphn I
bXbx ]mcZin\x II
118. cYymbmw _lp hkv{XmWn I
`nm kh{X e`ytX I
`qanx imkvXn hnkvXom I
bXbx tI\ ZpxJnXm II
119. {]] aJnew bkvXp I
PmRm\mu PqlqbmZyXnx I
B\ynkmamtcm]y I
tkmntlm{Xo apZmbXnx
120. {]hrnx Zznhn[m t{]mm I
ammco ssNh hm\co I
m\m`ymkhXm tamXp
hm\cot`mIXztah N
121. \m ]rjvSwx IkyNnXv {_qbm
Nm\ymtb\]rXx I
P\\m]n ln ta[mho PUhtm IamNtcXv
122. kthjm tah ]m]m\mw I
kwLmtX kap]ntX I
Xmcw ZzmZi kml{k
a`ytkt Z\w ln XXv
123. bkvXp ZzmZi kml{k
{]Whw P]tX \zlw I
Xky ZzmZi`namsskx I
]cw {_ {]ImitX I
CXyp]\njXv
AYhm hmn\v in sImSpWsancnn
au\w hcnpI icocw innWsan D]khn
pI, a\ns\ innWsan {]mWmbmawsNpI,
PohnI Ifm _\n s]Spp. hnZybm
AXn \nv tamN\w t\Spp. AXn\m m\nbmb
I K
N P
813
kw\ymkn In \npw Hgnncnpp. sXcphp
Ifn \nv ]gb XpWn [mcmfw Inpw. `nbpwkpe`
amWv. ChnsSbpw Ddm CSw Inpw. ]ns kw\ym
knv Fn\mWv Zp:Jw? k\ymkn {]]amsI m
\mnbn ZlnnWw Xs Bmhn Bmhns\
Pzennph\mWv almm\nbmb Antlm{Xn.
ammcn Fpw hm\cnsbpw hrnI phn[
apst{X. m\m`ymknIv apJyambpw ammco
hrnbmWv . A{][m\ \nebnhm\co hrnbpw
BImw. tNmZnmsX bmsXmpw Atmp tIdn
imn ]mTw
Hm. hmMv ta a\kn{]- XnjvTnXm at\m ta hmNn
{]XnjvTnXamhncmhn a G[n thZky a BWo
x {ipXw ta am {]lmko-ct\\m[otX \mtlm
cm{XXv kwZ[man EXw hZnjyman. kXyw hZnjym
an. XmahXp XZzmca-hXp. AhXpamw. Ah
Xm-h- mc ahXp-h- mcw. Hmw. imnx imnx
imnx
Fs hmv a\-n ncam-bn-cn-s. a\v
hmn ncambncns. {]Imimmhm Fs apn
Av {]Xy- -amItW. tl hmMv, a\pIsf, \n
cpt]cpw Fs thZm\n\m[mcamWv . AXn\m
Fs thZm[y- b\s \inncpXv . Cu thZm[ymb- \
n XsbmWv Rm cmhpw ]Iepw Nnehgnp-
Xv. Rm EXw ]d- bpw. kXyw ]d- bpw. Fs cnp
I. hmhns\ cnpI. Fs cnpI. hm
hns\ cnpI. hmhns\ cnpI. Hmw. imnx
imnx imnx
1. Ejtbm l ssh `K-hw Bizmemb\w
kw]qPy-]-{]Nvipx
tIt\m]mtb\ XXvm\w XXv
]Zmm h`mkIw
bZp]mk\bm Xzw Pm\mkn `K-h hZ
2. kckzXo Zi tmIym
k ENm _oPan-{ibm
kvXpXzm P]vXzm ]cmw knn
ae`w ap\n]pwKhm
3. Ejbx Dux
IXw kmckzX {]m]vXnx
tI\ [ymt\\ kp{hX
alm kckzXo tb\
XpjvSm `K-hXo hZ
4. ktlmhmNm izmemb\x
Aky {Xn kckzXo ZitmIalma{ky- -
A-lamizmemb\ Ejnx A\pjvSp]v Ox {iohm
Ko- izco tZho- Xn. bZzmKnXn _oPw tZhow hmNanXn
inx {]mtWm tZhoXn IoeIw. hn\ntbmK- kvXX
{]nXyt {iZv[mta[m {]m [mcWm hmKv
tZhXm almkckzXo tXyssX cwK \ymkx
aljnam `K-hm Bizemb- \s ASpp sNv
Atls bYmhn[n ]qPnXn\ptijw tNmZnp: ""`K-
hms\, GsXmcp m\w aptJ- \bmWv ]Zm- Iamb ]c
taizcs\nbp kv ]jvSamb t_m[w DmIpXv?
Cu m\w Fs\ t\Smw. Abvv GsXmcp tZh
XbpS D]mk\sImv XXzm\w e`nm Ignp.
]dbcpXv. Bscnepw A\ymbsn tNmZnmepw
ancpXv . Cu amXncn Lfn Adnbmsanepw
PUs\tmsebpw aqUs\tmsebpw s]cpamdWw.
GsXnepw ]m] IrXyw \Sm ]ocmbncw XmcI
a{w P]nv ]m]w ]cnlcnWw. Znhkhpw ]Xn\mbncw
Dcp {]Whw P]nph\v ]{pamkn\pffn
Xs ]c{_s kmmXvIcnphm Ignbpsam
Wv D]\njpIfpsS Dn.
k\ymtkm]\njv kam]np.
Q
kckzXocltkym]\njv
1
3
I K
N P
814
AXns\pdnv ]dp Xcm Zb-hpmIWw. Biz
emb-\ ]dp: ""aljnamsc, Rm _oPa{k
lnXw ]p aljnamcp kckzXo ZitmInaptJ\
D]mknpsImv ]cmknn {]m]np.
aljnam tNmZnp B kmckzXa{w Atbvv
GXp [ym\w sImv F- s\bmWv knnXv? B a{
ns alnabmemWtm Abv v `K-hXn almevan
bpsS A\p{Klw e`nXv. Rpw B D]mbw ]d
p XcpamdmIWw. CXptIv Bizmemb\ ]dp:
{io kc-kzXo ZitmIo alma{ns Ejn Rm
XsbmWv. CXns Ov A\pjvSpmIpp. tZhX
hmKo-izcnbpw _oPw bZzmKv BWv. in tZhn; hmNw
IneIw; {]mtWm tZhn CXns hn\ntbmKw {iohmKo-
izco tZhXm {]oXnbmWv. {i, ta[, {]m, [mcW,
hmKv tZhX almkckzXn Fo a{sImv AwK-
\ymkw.
5. \nlmclmc L\kmckp[m Icm`mw
IeymWZmw I\I NI Zma `qjmw
DpwK]o\ IpNIpw`at\mlcmw Kow
hmWow \aman a\km hNkm hn`qssXy
[ym\w av, appame, Iqcw, N{ Ch
bpsS tim` Iehfpw IeymW Zm{Xnbpw I\I N-
IZma`qjbpw XSn IpNIpw`- fm at\ml-cnbpw Bb
hmWotZhnsb sFizcyn\mbn Rm a\psImpw
hmpsImpw \anpp.
Hmw. {]mtWm tZho- Xyky a{ky `cZzmP
Ejnx Kmb{Xo Ox {io kckzXo tZhXm. {]W-
th\ _oP inx Ioe-Iw. CjvSmt hn\n-
tbmKx at{W \ymkx
"Hmw {]mtWm tZhn F a{ns Ejn `cZzm
P\pw Ov Kmb{Xnbpw tZhX kckzXnbpamWv.
7. thZm XssXzIkzcq]m ]camXx
\ma cq]m\m hym km amw ]mXp
kckzXo
8. Hmw {]mtWm tZho kckzXo hmtP `nhmPo
\ohXn [o\mahXy-hXp.
9. Hmw t\m Znh CXn a{ ky A{Xn Ejnx
{Xnjv Sp]v O. kckzXo tZhXm. {loanXn
_oP- in Ioe- Iw. Cjv Smt hn\n- tbmKx
at{W \ymkx
10. bm kmwtKm]mwK thtZjp NXptjzssI hKo-
btX AssZzXm {_Wx inx km amw ]mXp
kckz-Xo.
11. {low B t\mZnthm _rlXx ]hXmZm kc
kzXo bPZmKw Xp bw lhhw tZho PpPp
jm- tWm LrXmNo imw t\m hmNm apiXn
irtWmXp.
12. ]mhIm\ CXn a{ky a[p Ejnx Kmb{Xo
Nx kc- kzXo tZh- Xm. {ioanXn _oP- inx
IoeIw Cjv Sm hn\ntbmKw at{W \ymkmx
13. bm h ]Z hmIym kzcq- t]- ssWh
htX A\mZn\n[\m\m kmamw ]mXp kc
kzXo
14. {iow ]mhIm \x kckzXo hmtP`n hmPn\o
]Xo. bw hjvSp [nbm hkpx
15. tNmZbn{XoXn a{- kya[p Ejnx Kmb{Xn
OxkckzXo tZhXm. pan-Xn_o-Pinx Ioe
Iw at{W \ymkx
Hmw. {]mtWm tZho F a{ns Ejn `cZzm
P\pw Ov Kmb-{Xnbpw tZhX kc-kzXnbpamIpp.
Hmw. \ax _oPw.
thZm {_ XXz kzcq- ]nWnbpw hn`n \macq]
-fn {]Xy-- s- Sp hPw B kc- kzXn Fs cn
s.
Zm\m kptim`nXbpw kv XpXnphsc cn
phfpw A-hXnbpamb `K-hXn kc-kzXn km[I
cmb Rsf A-m ]cn]q-cms.
"B \uZnhm F a{ns Ejn A{Xnbpw
Ov A\pjv Sppw tZhX kckz- XnbpamWv.
thZthZmwK- - fn kvXpXns-ncnphfpw ]c
{_-ns AssZzX inbpamb `K-hXn kc-kzXn
Fs cns.
D]mkybmb tZhn kckzXn tPymXnabamb kptem
Ip\npw Xmsg ]hXmImcamb taLfpsS a[y-
neqsS R-fpsS b-n hp tNcWw. tZhn
R- fpsS kvXpXnIfm {]k-bmbn R- fpsS kvtXm
{X tIs.
"]mh-Im\' F a{ns Ejn a[pbpw
Ov Kmb- {Xnbpw tZhX kckzXnbpw BIpp.
h- -fnepw ]Z-fnepw hmIynepw A- k
lnXw kh{X hym]nncnphfpw BZy-mXo-Xbpw
A\cq]nWnbpamb tZhn kckzXn Fs cns.
Fmhscbpw ]cnipcmphfpw Aw sImpw
Iw sImpw e`yamIp [\w kmZnm ImcW-
`q-Xbpw Bb tZhn kc-kzXn R-fpsS b-n
hcm Xmev]cyw hlns.
I K
N P
815
"tNmZbn{Xn' F a{ns Ejn a[pbpw
Ov Kmb{Xnbpw tZhX kc- kzXnbpamWv.
16. B[yma[nssZhw N tZhm\mw kay- Ko- izco
{]XyKmkvtX thZobm km amw ]mXp
kckzXo
17. pw tNmZbn{Xow kq\rXm\mw tNXo kpa
Xo\mw bw Zt[ kckzXo.
18. atlm A CXn a{ky a[p Ejnx
Kmb{Xo Ox kckzXo tZhXm. ku coXn
_oPinx IoeIw at{W \ymkx
19. Acymaym\m hnizw ss{XtemIyw bm\nb-
Xn cp{Zm- Zn - XymZn cq]m bkym- am- thiy
Xmw]p\x
20. [ymbo kh cqss]Im km amw ]mXp kc
kzXo kux atlm Ax kc-kzXo {]tNm{I
bXn tIXp\m [ntbm hnizm hncmPXn.
tZhmcpsS t{]cWm-Ii-nbpw B[nssZhcq]n
Wnbpw \psS Dn hmWo cq]-n {]XnjvTns-
- hfpamb `K-hXn Fs cns.
kXyhpw {]nb-hpamb hmp ]d- bphm t{]cW
\Iphfpw m\{]- Zmbn\bpamb kc-kzXo tZhn
R-fpsS bs [cnnpv. "atlm Ax' F
a{ns Ejn a[pbpw Ov Kmb{Xnbpw tZhX
kckzXnbp-amIpp.
A-cymanbmbn temIbm{Xw \nb-{np- hfpw
cp{ZmZnXymZn At\I tZhXamcpsS cq]-n \nesIm
p- hfpamb kc-kzXn \s cns.
kc-kzXo tZhn Xsbmav Fm hn[nepap
Ihym- Iamb _pnsb hnIknnp- Xv . B tZhn
Rsf cns.
21. NXzmcn hmKnXn a{- ky- DNYy ]p{X Ejnx
{XnjvSp]v Ox kckzXo tZhXm sFw. CXn _oP
in IoeIw atW \ymkx
22. bm {]XyIv Zrjv Sn- `n Pnssh hyPy- am\m
\p`qbtX hym]n\o m]vXn cqss]Im km amw
]mXp kckzXox
23. sFw NXzmcn hmIv ]cnanXm ]Zm\n
Xm\n hnZp {_mWm tb a\o-jnWm
Kplm {XoWn \nlnXm t\ K bn
Xpcobw hmtNm a\pjym hZn.
24. bZv hmKm hZoXn a{ky `mhx Ejnx
{XnjvSp]v Ox kckzXo tZhXm oanXn _oP
inx IoeIw at{W \ymkx
25. \maPymXymZn`ntZ ssZcjvS[m bm hnIev]nXm
\n hn - I- ev ]m- \m hym km amw ]mXp
kc- kzXn.
26. nw bZv hmKv hZn Ahn tNX\m\n cmjv{So-
tZhm\mw \nj kmZ a{m NX{k DuPw ZpZptl
]bmw kn Iz kznZkym ]caw PKma.
"NXzmcnhmIv' F a{ns Ejn DNYy ]p{X
\mb ZoL Xapw Ov {XnjvSppw tZhX kc-kz
Xnbpw _oPw inbpw IoeIw sFw Dw BWv. a{
m AwK-\ymkw sNpp.
A ZrjvSnbp PohnIfpsS apn hn`n cq]-
n {]Xy- sSphfmb kckzXo tZhn Fs cn
s.
]cm]-iyn a[ya sshJco Fo \mep ]mZ
tN- XmWv hmv. Cu ]Z m\nIv icn
dnbmw. Chbn BZys aqpw lrZb Klzcn
nXnsNpXn\m {]ISamIpn. Fm sshJcn
P\v kwkmcnm\pXIpp.
11. "bZzmKv hZn' F-Xns Ejn `m- h\pw Ov
{XnjvSppw tZhX kckzXnbpw BWv.
\macq]- aptJ\ Fp hn[nepw \nhnIev]
cq]-nepw {]Xy- -sSp `K-hXn kc-kzXn Fs
cn- s.
Znhy `mh {]ISnnp-hfpw m\w {]Zm\w
sNbvXv b-n hncmPnphfpamb tZhn Fm
ZnpIpw thn Ahpw Pehpw Hgppp.
27. tZhow hmN- anXn a{ky `mhx Ejnx
{XnjvSp]v Ox kckzXo tZhXmx kucnXn _oP
inx IoeIw at{W \ymkx
28. hymhy Kncx kth thZmZyx
hyml- c-nbmw
khImaZp[m t[\px km amw ]mXp kckzXo
29. kux tZhow hmNa P\b tZhm kvXmw
hnizcq]m ]ithm hZn km t\m
at{j apPw
Zplm-\mt[-\phmK-kv am\p]-kpjvSpssXXp.
30. DXXz CXn a{ky _rl- kv]Xn Ejnx
{XnjvSp]v Ox kckzXo tZhXm. kanXn
_oP inx IoeIw at{W \ymkx
31. bmw hnZyXzm Jnew _w \na- Yym- Jne
h\m tbmKo- bmXn ]cw m\w km amw ]mXp
kc-kzXo
I K
N P
816
32. kw DX Xzm ]iy ZZAi hmNarX Xzx
irWz irtWm tXy\mw DtXmXzkvssa
(X\zw) hnkt{k Pmtb-h]Xy DiXn kphmkmx
33. Aw_nXa CXn a{ky KyXv kam Ejnx
A\pjvSp]v Ox kckzXo tZhXm. sFanXn
_oPinx IoeIw at{W \ymkx
34. \ma- cq- ]m- Iw khw bkym amth- iyXmw
]p\x [ymbn {_ cqss]Im km amw ]mXp
kckz-Xo.
sFw Aw_nXta \Zo-Xta tZhnXta kckzXn
A{]- ikv Xm Ch kv akn {]i- kv Xn- aw_ \a
kv Ir[n.
tZhow hmNw F a{ns Ejn `m- h\pw
Nv {XnjvSppw tZhX kc-kzXnbpw BWv. _oPw
inbpw IoeIw kuw BIpp. a{w aptJ\ Xs
\ymkw sNWw.
hymmhy- hmWnIfmb Fm thZmZnIfpw bmsXm
ns\ hym]-cnpp. khIma ZpL-bmb B kc- kzXn
Rsf cns.
sshJco hmWn {]mW cq]- n tZhmcm krjvSn
sp. B hmWnsb hn`n tZl[mcnI Dcnp
p. Imat[\phns\tmse kpJw \Ip tZhn{]k
- bmbn R-fpsS kao]w {]Xy-amIs.
DXXzw F a{ns _rl-kv]-XnbmWv Ov
{XnjvSpv . tZhX kc-kzXnbpw...
kc-kzXnsb {_ hnZymcq]n AdnXn\p
tijw tbmKnhcym kIe _- fpw hntZnpp.
tZhn Fs cns.
tZhnsb Inpw Nne ImWpn. tInpw tI
pn. Fm Nne `mKyimenIfpsS apn ]Xnsb
Imanp kv {Xo `r k-[nbn A\mhrX cq]-
n Xs Ccnp-Xpt]mse hmKv tZhn Xs kzcq]w
{]ISampp.
Aw_nXa F a{nse Ejn KpXvkv \ hZ\pw
Ov A\pjvSppw tZhX kc-kzXnbpamWv ...
{_XXzadnbp- h kckzXnbn \macq]- bp
amb kq {]]- -sbpw BthinnpsImv
tZhnsb [ym\npp. B tZhn Fs cns.
tZhn tZhnamcnepw amXmfnepw \ZnIfnepw shv
kh t{ijv TbmWv . R [\anmsX \nnXsctmse
-bmbncnpp. Rv [\karn ssIh- cppI.
36. NXpapJ apJmw t`mP h\lwkh[p aax
am\tk caXmw \nXyw khipm kckzXo
37. \akvtX imctZ tZhn Imivaoc ]pchmkn\n
Xzmalw {]mtb \nXyw hnZymZm\w
N tZln ta
38. A kq{Xmp[cm ]mi ]pkvXI [mcnWo
apmlmc kambpm hmNn XnjvTXp ta kZm
39. Iw_pIWvTnkpXm t{amjvTo
khm`cW `qjnXm
almkckzXo tZhn Pnlzmt{K kw\n hniyXmw
40. bm {im [mcWm ta[m hmKv tZho
hn[n-h`m
` Pnlzm{K- kZ\m kamZn KpW-Zmbn\o
41. \aman bmhn\o\mY teJmewIrXIpfmw `hm
\ow `hkm] \nhm]W-kp[m\`nw
42. bm IhnXzw \ncmXw apapn NhmRvOXn
tkm `yss\mw ZitmIym \nXyw
kvXuXn kckzXo,
43. Xsskyhw kvXphtXm\nXyw ka`yNy kc
kzXow `n {im- `n- bp- ky jam- kmXv
{]Xytbm `thXv
44. XXx {]htX hmWo tkzbm efnXm
cm KZy- ]- ZymssIx i_vssZx c{]- ta-ssbhn
h- nssXx
45. A{iptXm _p[ytX {Kx {]mbx kmckzXx
Ihx CtXy- hw \nbw hn{]mx km tlm hmN kc
kzXo
46. BhnZym abm e_v[n {_-ssW- h- k\m
X\o {_Xzw ta kZm \nXyw knZm\ cq]Xmx
NXpapJs apJ-Iaeamb h\n cmPlwkw
t]mse kcnp- hfpw tizX Imnbpamb kc- kzXn
R-fpsS am\kn \nXyw cans. Imivaoc ]pc
hmkn\nbmb imctZ, Rm \nXyhpw \ns kvXpXnp
p. F\nv hnZymZm\w \evIpI. \o Xs NXp `pP
-fn A-kq{Xw Apiw ]miw ]pkv XIw Fnh
[cnncnpp. tZhnbpsS amhnSn apmlmcw
tim`npp. tZhn kZm Fs hmn hnlcnpI.
tl Im_pIWvTn? AcpWm[cn khm`cW `qjntX, tZhn
Fs Pnlzm{Kn hncmPntW. `- mcpsS \mn
Xpv hknpsImv Ahv iaZamZnI {]Zm\w
sNp kc-kzXo-tZhn {im ta[m [mcWm kzcq]n
Wnbpw {_mhns {]nbXabpamIpp. N{Iem hn`q-
I K
N P
817
jnXamb tIi- ]mi- tmSpIqSnbhfpw kwkmc_- -\a
Ip- hfpamb `K-hXn kckz- Xnsb Rm \akvIcnp
p. IhnXztam t`mKtam `b-cm-ln-Xytam Asn
tamtam B{K- lnp- h Cu ]p a{fm `K-
hXnbmb kc-kzXnsb `n]qw ]qPnWw. `n
{itbmsS hn[n{]Imcw ]qPnv \nXyhpw `Pnp
` Bdp amkn\pn Xs tZhnbpsS Ir]bv
]m{Xambnocpp. Ans\bmIptm KZy- ]-Zym- I
amb Ih\n\pw Abm Ignhp tNcpp. kc-kzXo
`\mb Ihn ap-hcn \npw Hpw {ihnmsX
Xs {K-fpsS Aw {Klnm {]m]vX\mIp
p. hn{]- msc, `K- hXnbmb kc-kzXn Xs Xs Cu
`nbpsS alnasb-n Xs {io apJ-neqsS kzbw
]d- np-XmWv. {_mhn \nv F\nv k\mX\
amb {_ hnZy kmZnphm km[np. Ctm Rm
knZm\ kzcq]-amb \nXy{_- Xzm XnIpw [\n
bmWv .
47. {]IrXnXzw XXx krjvSw kXzmZn
KpW- km-ayXx
km`mXn Nnmbm ZtW {]Xn
_nw_-hXv
48. tX\ NnXv {]Xn_nwt_\ {Xnhn[m
`mZn km ]p\x
{]IrXy- hnn- Xbm ]pcpj-Xzw ]p\ tX
49. ip kXz {][m\mbmw ambmbmw
_nw_ntXm lyPx
kXz{]- [m\m {]IrXn amtbXn {]Xn]mZytX
50. km ambm kztim]m[nx khtky
izcky ln
hiy- amb-XztaIXzw khXzw N
Xky Xp
51. kmXznIXzmXv kajvSbnXzmXv kmn
XzmXv PK- Xma]n.
PKXv IpaIpw hm Nm\yYm
Ip-ao-i- tX.
52. bx k Cuizc CXypx kh-
Xzm-Zn`nKpssWx
in Zzbw ln ambmbmx
hnt-]mIrXn cq]Iw
53. hnt] inenwKmZn {_mWvUmw
PKXv krtPXv
A ZrKv Zriytbm t`Z _ln
{_ ktbmx
54. BhrtWmXv ]cminx km
kwkmcky ImcWw
kmnWx ]pctXm `mXn enwK-
tZtl\ kwbpXw
55. NnXnmbmkamthimohx kymXv
hymh-lm-cnIx
Aky PohXzamtcm]mXv kmo- Wy-
]y- h-`m- ktX
56. BhrXu Xp hn\jvSmbmw t`Zm]mtX
]bmXn bXv
XYm k {_tWm t`ZamhrXy- XnjvTXn
57. bm in kvXZzmimZv {_
hnIrXtXz\ `mktX
A{Xm]ymhrXn \mti\ hn`mXn
{_ ktbmx
58. t_ZkvXtbmhnImcx kymXv kt
\ {_Wn IzNnXv
AkvXn `mXn {]nbw cq]w \ma
tNXyw- i-]-Iw
59. BZy- {Xbw {_cq]w PKv{Zq]w XtXmZzbw
At]y \macqt] tZz knZm\ XXv]cx
60. kam[nw khYm IpcymXv lrZtb
hmYhm _lnx
khnIevt]m \nhnIev]x kam[n
hnhnt[m lrZn
61. Zriy i_vZm\pt`tZ\ khnIev]w ]p\ Zzn[m
ImamZymn Km Zriym kvXXv
kmn tXz\ tNX\m
62. [ymtXbv Zriym\phntmbw kam[nx
k hnIev]Ix
AkwKx knZm\x kz {]t`m ssZzXhPnXx
63. AkvaoXn i_vZ hntmbw kam[nx
khnI-ev ]-Ix
kzm\p`qXn-ckmth-imZv Zriy
i_v Zm-Zy-t]-nXpx
64. \nhnIev]x kam[nx kym- \nhmX nX
Zo]- hXv lrZoh _mly tZti]n bkvan
Ikvanw hkvXp \n.
65. kam[nc`ymkm{Xmmacq]- ]rYIv IrXnx
kvX_v[o `mthm ckmkzmZmrXobx
]qh- Xx
I K
N P
818
66. GssXx kam[n`nx jUv`n \tbXv
Imew \nccw
tZlm`namt\ KfntX hnmtX ]cam\n
67. b{Xb{X at\m bmXn X{X X{X ]cmarX
68. `nZytX lrZb-{K\vYnx nZyt kh kwibmx
obt Nmky ImWn Xkvan
ZrjvtS ]cmhtc
69. abn PohXz aoiXzw Iev]nXw hkvXptXm
\ln CXn bkvXp hnPm\mXn k
aptm \m{X kwibx CXyp]- \nj-v.
kXzw cPv Xav Fo aqp KpW- -fpsSbpw
kamthi- m {]IrXn krjvSns- p. ImSnbn
{]Xn_nw_w ImWp-Xpt]mse Xs {]IrXnbn
tNX\m {]Xn_nw_w kXy-sav tXmpw. BtNX\
bpsS {]Xn_nw_-m {]IrXn aqp hn[nsepw
tXmpw. {]IrXn kwtbmKw sImmWv a\pjy\v Cu
tZlw Innbnp-Xv . kXzKpW- {]- [m\amb {]IrXnamb-
bmWv. ambbn {]Xn_nw_nXamIp tNX\ Xs AP
mhv. amb khm\m {_ns BmImcnWn
bmWv. ambsb hi- mpI AZznXob\pw kh-\p
amIpI. {_ns apJy eWw ChbmWv. {_w
kIeXn\pw kmn kzcq]- amWv. AXv {]] krjvSn
sNm\pw CmXmm\pw aphn[nemm\pw i
amWv. hnt]w BhcWw ChbmWv amb-bpsS cp
inI. hnt]-in enwK-tZlw apX {_mWvUw
hsc-bp kIeXpw krjvSnp-p. BhcW-in
{ZjvSmhn\pw Zriy- n\panSbv p A-chpw {_
n\pw krjv Snpw Xnep A- csbpw BhcWw
sNpp. AXv _\mIamWv. tNX\bpsS {]Xn
_nw_w ImcW-cq]- n-ep {]IrXn-bn \nlnXam
Iptm temIn ImcyImcnbmb Poh DmIpp.
BtcmlnXamIbm AXns PohXzw kmnbmb {_
nepw ]cons- Spp. BhcW in amdptm
t`Zw kv]jv SamIpw. AtXmsS PohXzns nXn kam
]n-pp. krjvSn {_-- fpsS t`Zs Bh-cWw
sNp inp hg-p {_w hnIm-cbpam
sW tXm \nnpp. BhcWw amdnbm Xs
{_nsbpw krjvSnbpsSbpw t`Zns {]XoXn
DmIppv. Fm {_n hnImcmh C.
krjvSnbn XsbmWp- Xv. AkvXn, `mXn, {]nbw, cq]w,
\maw Fo Ap AwK-- fn BZys aqsw
{_ns kzcq]- amWv; \maw, cq]w Fnh cpw
hnizcq]m- IamWv. cpw kw_-nptm Xs
{_w Cu hnizcq]- n nXnsNpp. km[I
_mlyambpw B- cnIambpw Fpw kam[nbn Xev ]-
c\mIWw. lrZb-n khnIev]-sapw \nhnIev]-
sapw kam[n cp hn[amIpp. khnIev ] kam[nv
Zriym\pknsapw i_v Zm\pknsapw cp hn`mK-
apv. a\n ImamZn hnImc DmIpp. Cu hnIm
c Zriy--fmWv. tNX\mmhv Chbvv kmnbm
Wv . AXns\ Zriym\phnkam[nsbv ]d-bpp. i_v Zm
\phnkhnIev] kam[nbn km[I, Xm AssZzX
kzcq]\pw kwK-clnX\pw kzbw {]Imi- \p-amsWv
Nnn- p- p. Xm Xs- bmWv kn- Zm- \- - s\pw
Nnnpp. B-cq]m\p`qXn-bmb ckmth-im
Zriy-i- _vZsf Dt]- tbmsS honp km[Is
lrZbw \nhnIev] kam[nbpsS kpJw tNcpp. \n
hmX Zo]w t]msebmWv km[Is nXn. lrZbm
`mK- pmIp kam[npw cp cq]--fmWv. AXp
t]mse shfnbnepw GsXnepw hkvXphnt\mSv Nn
n GIm{KX Dmbngnm AXv kam[nbmbn.
Zriynsbpw {`jvSmhnsbpw hnthIm BZys
coXnbn-ep kam[n Dm-Ipp. {]tXy- Iamb Hcp
hkvXphn-t\mSv AXns \macq-]- `n-- sfp
tXmnbm AXn\m{ib `qXamb tNX\sb-n Nn
bpmIpw. CXmWv cmas Xcnep kam[n.
ssNX\y- ckm\p`q-Xnbm Dmb Bthiw \nanw
kvX_v [X ssI hcpXv aqmas hn[nep kam
[nbmWv. Cu kam[nIfn PohnXw \bnWw. ico-cm
`nam\w hnv ]camXXzm\apmbm a\v Fhn
sSsbmw Fptam AhnsSsbmw AarXzm\p`hapm
Ipp. AtXmsS kIe kwi-b-fpw \inpp. lrZ
b-{K- nI Xpd- pp. \njvIehpamb {_ns
^eambn kIeIfpw bnpp. Fn Iev]n
Xamb PohnXzhpw Cui-Xzhpw Iev]nXamWv; hkvXpX
AXmsWv a\nemp-h Pohp-\mIpsa-
Xn kwi- b- an Fv D]-\nj-v.
kckz-Xo- cltkym]-\njv kam]np.
Q
I K
N P
819
kmhn{Xyp]\njv
1
3
imn ]mTw
Hmw B]ym bp aamw Km\n hmIv {]mW
px t{im{X atYm _ean{nbmWn N khmWn
khw {_tm]\n,Zw amlw {_\ncmIpcyw am
am {_ \ncmItcmZ\ncmIcW akvXz\ncmIcWw
ta Akv Xp. XZm \n \n ctXb D] \n jp
[mkvtX abn kp tX abn kp Hmw. imnx
imnx imnx
Fs AwK ]pn {]m]n tW. {]mW, Np
v, t{im{Xw, _ew, C{nb Fnh ]pn{]m]n
tW. Fm D]\njpfpw {_m IfmWv. Rm
{_s \ncmIcnmXncn tW. {_ Fs \ncmI
cnm Xncn tW. As\ {_ \n c X \mbn cnp
F\nv D]\njZp amb {_s {]m]nm\nShctW.
Hmw imnx imnx imnx
1. Ix khnXm, Im kmhn{Xo Antch khnXm
]rYnho kmhn{Xo, k b{XmnkvXXv ]rYnho b{X
ssh ]rYnho X{Xnkv tX tZz tbm \o XtZIw
anYp\w
2. Ix khnXm Im kmhn{Xo hcpW Gh khnXm
B]x kmhn{Xo k b{X hcpW kvXZmt]m b{Xhm
B]kvX ZzcpWkvtX tZz tbm\n XtZIw anYp\w.
3. Im khnXm Im kmhn{Xn. hmbptch khnXm
BImix kmhn{Xo k b{X hmbp kvXZmImtim
b{ X hm BIm i kv X Zzm bpkv tX tZz tbm\o
XtZIw anYp\w
4. Ix khnXm Im kmhn{Xo b Gh khnXm
Omkn kmhn { Xn k b{ X b kv X{ X
Omwkn b{X hm Omwkn k bkvtX tZz
tbm\o XtZIw anYp\w
5. Ix khnXm Im kmhn{Xo. kvX\ bnXv\ptch
khnXm hnZypXv kmhn{Xo k b{X kvX\ bnXv\p
kvXZzn hnZypXv b{X hm hnZyp{X kvX\ bnXv\p
kvtX tZztbm\o XtZIw anYp\w
6. Ix khn Xm Im kmhn { Xn . BZn Xy Gh
khnXm Zyux kmhn{Xo k b{XmZnXykvXyux b{X
hmZyukvXZmZnXykvtX tZz tbm\o XtZIw anYp\w
7. Ix khnXm Im kmhn{Xn. N{ Gh khnXm
\{XmWn kmhn{Xn k b{X N{kvX{XnWn
b{X hm \{XmWn k N{amkvtX tZztbm\o
XtZIw anYp\w.
8. Ix khnXm Im kmhn{Xo a\ Gh khnXm
hmIv kmhn{Xo k b{X aukvXZzmIv b{X hm hmIv
X \kvtX tZz tbm\o XtZIw anYp\.
9. Ix khn Xm Im kmhn { Xo ]p cp j Gh
khnXm kv {Xo kmhn{Xo k b{X ]pcpjkvXXv
kv{Xo b{X hm kv{Xo k ]pcpjkvtX tZz tbm\o
XtZIw anYp\w
Bsc khnXmshp ]dbpp? Bsc kmhn{Xnsbp
]dbpp? AnXs khnXmhv. ]rYzn kmhn{Xnbpw.
FhnsS An bptm AhnsS ]rYznbpv . FhnsS ]rYzn
bpv AhnsS Anbpv. Ah cpt]cpw tbm\nIfm
Wv. AXmbXv {]]ns {kmfmWv Ah Hcp
anYp\ amIpp.
BcmWv khnXmhv? BcmWv kmhn{Xn? hcpW
Xs khnXmhv. Pew kmhn {Xn. hcpW\pnSv Peap
v . PeapnSv hcpW\pw. cp t]cpw {]]tm
ev]n Im fmWv Ah anYp\ amWv .
BcmWv khnXmhv? BcmWv kmhn{Xn? hmbp Xs
khnXmhv. BImiw kmhn{Xn. FhnsS hmbphptm
AhnsS BImihpapv . Ah Hcp tbm\nbmWv . Hcp anYp
\amWv .
BcmWv khnXmhv? BcmWv kmhn{Xn? hmbp Xs
khnXmhv . BImiw Xs kmhn {Xnbpw. hmbphpn Sv
BImiapv. BImiapnSv hmbphpw Ch bm\n
bmWv Hcp anYp\ amWv .
BcmWv khnXmhv ? Bcv kmhn{Xn? b amWv khn
Xmhv . Ov kmhn{Xnbpw, b apnSv Opw O
pnSv bhpapv . cpw Hcp tbm\nbmWv. Hcp
anYp\amWv.
BcmWv khnXmhv BcmWv kmhn{Xn? Knp
taLw khnXmhpw hnZypv kmhn{XnbpamWv. hnZyppw
kmhn{Xnbpw At`ZyamWv. cpw Hcp tbm\nbpw Htc anYp
\ hpamWv.
khnXmhmcmWv ? kmhn{Xn BcmWv ? kqcy khnXm
hpw. kz temIw kmhn {Xn bpamWv . cpw tNn cnp
p. cpt]cpw Hcp tbmKn\mWv Hcp anYp\hpamWv .
BcmWv khnXmhv , BcmWv kmhn{Xn? a\vkkv khn
Xmhpw hmWn kmhn Xn bpamWv. a\pf fn Sv hmWnbpw
hmWnbpnSv a\ papv . cpw Htc tbm\nbmWv Htc
anYp\amWv.
I K
N P
820
BcmWv khnXmhv , BcmWv kmhn{Xn? ]pcpjs\ khnXm
shpw kv{Xo kmhn {Xnsbpw ]dbpp. FhnsS ]pcp
j\ptm AhnsS kv{Xobpv . FhnsS kv{Xobptm
AhnsS ]pcpj\papv. Ah cpt]cpw Hcp tbm\n bm
Wv . Hcp anYp\amWv.
10. Xkym Gh {]Yax ]mtZm `qkvXXv khnXph
tcWy anXy nssh htcWy amt]m htcWyw
N{am htcWyw Xkym Gh ZznXobx ]mtZm `K
atbm At]m `qthm `tm tZhky [oalo
Xynssh `q BZntXym ssh ` {am ssh
`x Xkym Gh XrXobx ]mZx kz[otbm tbm\x
{]tNm Z bm ZnXn kv {Xn ssNh ]pcp j {]P \
btXm tbm hm GXmw kmhn {Xn tahw thZ k
]p\ arXyp PbXn _emXn_etbm hncmSv ]pcpjx
Ejnx Kmb{Xo Ox Kmb{Xo tZhXm BImtcm
Im ca Imcmx _oPmZymx p[mZo\n ckt\ hn\n
tbmKx oanXymZn jUwK\ymkx [ym\w
AarX IcXem{Ku khkw Poh\mVym
hLlc Wkp`u thZkmtc abqtJ
{]WhabhnImcu `mkvIcmImctZMu
kXXa\p `th f lw Xu _lmXo_emu
Hmw {low. _te almtZhn {low alm _te
ow NXphn[]pcpjm#vXY knn{]tZ XXv khn
XphcZmotI {low htcWyw `tmtZhiv ]c
Zm n tI, AXn _te kh Z bm aqt, _te
kp{Z{`tam]\min\n [maln [ntbm tbmt\m
PmtX {]Npcymtbm {]tNmZbmXv, bmZmntI {]W
hinckvImntI, lpw ^Sv kzmlm Ghw hnZzm
IrXIrtXym `hXn kmhnXym Gh kmtem IXmw
PbXn CXyp]\n jv
`qx Xhn XphtcWyw BWv kmhn {Xn bpsS {]Y
a]mZw An, Pew, N{ Fo tZhm htc WyamWv .
kmhn{XnbpsS ZzoXob ]mZw `qhBIpp. `tm tZhky
[oalnAXv tXtPmab amWv . An, kqcy, N{ Fo
tZhmcmWv `tXPpI. kmhn{XnbpsS XrXob ]mZw
[otbm tbm \ {]tNm ZbmXv BWv. Cu kmhn{X tZhnsb
Krl kv Xm{ia[s kwcnpsImv a\nem
p kv {Xo]pcpjm acWhnapcmIpp. Ahv
]p\ cmh\ an .
_e, AXn_e F cp hnZyIfpv. AhbpsS Ejn
hncmSv]pcpj\mWv . AhbpsS Opw tZhXbpw Kmb
{XnbmIpp. AXnse AImcw _oPhpw DImcw inbpw
aImcw IoeIhpamIpp, hnin \np \nhrnm
bnmWv CXns hn\ntbmKw ow F am[yam
CXns jUwK\ymkw sNWw. Hmw ow lrZbmb \ax
Hmw ow inctk kzmlm, Hmw ow inJmssb hjSv, Hmw
ow IhNmb lpw, Hmw ow t\{Xmb hujSv, Hmw ow
Akv {Xmb ^Sv[ym\w
Rm _emXn_eIsf hnZyIfpsS tZhmsc A\p
`hnpp. Ah kqcys\ {]Imihmphcpw {]mW
kzcq]nIfpw, ambqJmhen tNhcpw thZkmckz cq]n
Ifpw ]m]m]lmcnIfpw {]Whkz cq]lmcnIfpw kh
hn[ kwPohn\n inv CcnnSfpw Ic Xen
AarXw [cnphcpamIpp _emXn _eIfpsS tZh
mcpsS a{w CXmWv
ow _te alm tZhn {low alm_te ow
NXphn[ ]pcpjm knn{]tZ, khnXp hc
ZmntI, {low htcWyw `tm AXn_te kh
Z bm aqt, _te kh p { tam ] \m in \n,
[oaln [ntbm \ PmtX {]Np cbm {]tNm Z bm
ntI {]Wh inckvImntI lpw ^Sv kzmlv.
Cs\ Cu hnZyIsf Adnbp h [\y\mbn o
cpp. Ah kmhn{XntZhnbpsS temIw {]m]nm
Ignhp t\Spp Fv D]\njv.
kmhn {Xyp]\njv kam]n p.
kotXm]\njv
1
3
imn ]mTw
Hmw. `{Zw It- `nx {ipWp- bma tZhm- `{Zw
]tiy- amp`nb-P{Xmx nssccw- ssK-kvXpjv Sp
hmw kkv X- \p- `o hytia tZh- lnXw bZmbpx
kzkvXn \ Ct{m hr {ihmx kzkvXn\x ]qjm
Q
I K
N P
821
hnizthZmx kzkvXn \ kvXmtym AcnjvSt\anx
kzkvXnt\m _rl- kv]-XnZ[mXp.
tZhm-sc, R ImXp-I sImp \Xp
tIm\nShcs. IpI sImv \Xv ImW- s. kpZr
V--fmb AwK- - fmepw tZlmepw \nsf kvXpXn
psImncns. tZhm Rv \nbnnp
Bbpp apgph\pw R A\p`hns. almIon
am\mb C{ Rv \ sN-s. A{]-Xntcm[
KXnbmb KcpU Rv \ sN- s. _rl-kv]Xn
Rv \ sNs.
1. tZhm l ssh {]Pm]- Xna {_qh
Im koXm Inw
cq]manXn k tlm hm N {]Pm]Xnx
km kotXXn.
2. aqe{]- IrXn cq]-XzmXv km koXm {]IrXn
cpNy- tX.
3. koXm CXn {Xnhmm, kmm
-mbm-abn`thXv
hnjvWpx {]] _oPw N ambm
CuImc DNytX
4. kImcx kXy- aarXw {]m]vXnx
tkma IoytX
XImckvXmc evaym N sshcmPx
{]kvXcx kvarXx
{]Pm]Xnbmb {_mhnt\mSv tZhm Hcn
tNmZnp: "koXmtZhnbpsS cq]w F-s\bmWv? Ah
BcmWv? AXv Rv ]dp XcnI?' {_mhp
Cs\ ]dp: koX in kzcq]nWnbmWv. aqe {]Ir
XnbmbXn\m B tZhnsb {]IrXnsbp ]d- bpp. {]W-
hns {]IrXn cq]nWn F \nebnepw B tZhnsb
{]IrXnsbp ]d- bpp. Ah kmm tbmKamb
XsbmWv. koX F \maw aqp hap-XmWv.
kq hniz{]- ]- -ns _nPw `K-hm hnjvWp
hmIpp. Atl- ns tbmK- amb- bpsS cq]w Cu Imc
amWv. kImcs kXyw, knn, N{, {]m]vXn Fn
hbpsS hmNIamWv . ZoLmImcbp- amb aImcw hnkvX
cnpXpw almevan cq]- tmSp IqSnbXmsWv ]d-
bs- npv.
5. Cu Imccq]nWn tkmamarXmhb-h
Zn-hym-e-m-c-{kMv
aunImZym`-cWmewIrXm alm-ambm
Ahy cq]nWo hym `hXn.
6. {]Yam i_v Z {_- abo kzmZymb Imte
{]km DZv`mh\ Ico kmoIm ZzXobm `qXte
lemt{K kap-Xv]m XrXobm CuIm-ccq]nWo
Ahy kzcq]m `hXoXn kotX XypZmlcn
iu\- Io- tb.
CuImc cq]nWnbmb Ahy- -almamb Xs Aar
XmImwKfnepw Znhy hn`qjW- - fm AewIrXbmbn
{]Xys-Spp. tZhn Xs Hmas cq]-n i_v Z
{_abnbmWv. Ah {]k- bmbn _pn cq]-n
t_m[w {][m\w sNpp. tZhn Xs ZznXob cq]-n
`qanbn {]Xy- -stm P\IcmPmhns bmK- `q-an
bn lem{K-n\npw {]Xy- s-p. AhcpsS XrXo
Xcq]w CuImcabhpw Ahy-hpamWv. Cu aqp cq]-
- fpsSbpw kwbp cq]-n \nv koX F \maw
Dmbnsbv ]d- b- s-Spp. C{]- Imcw iu\Iob X{
nepw ]d- npv .
7. {iocma kmny- him- K- Zm[mc ImcnWo
Dev]n nXn kwlmc ImcnWmw
kh-tZ- ln-\mw.
8. koXm `K-hXo tbm aqe{]- IrXn kwPvRnXm
{]W-hXzmXv {]IrXncnXn hZn {_hmZn\
{iocmas \nXykmnym koX PKZm[mcIm
cnWnbmWv. Ah XsbmWv kh{]mWnIfpsSbpw
Dev]-nv tlXp. nXn kwlmcImcnWnbpw Ah
Xs. aqe{]-IrXnsbp {]knamb `K-hXnbpw Ah
Xs. {]W- hkz-cq]nWnbmI- bm {_m- \nI
Ahsc {]IrXnsbv ]d-bpp.
9. AYm tXm {_ Pnmkm CXn.
10. km khthZabo khtZhabo kh temI
abo kh Ionabo kh-[abo khm-
[mc Imcy-Im-c-W-abn alm evao. tZth-iky
`nm- `n cq]m tNX\m tNX- \m- nIm {_
mhcmnIm XZvKpW-I hn`mKt`ZmXv ico-
ccq]m. tZhjn a\pjy Kh cq]m Akpccm
k `qXt{]X ]nimN `qXmZn `qXi- coc cq]m
`qtX{nbm\n {]mW-cqt]Xn N hnmbtX A\
cw {_ Pnmk.
Ah kh tZhabnbpw khthZmnIbpw kh
temImnIbpw khIonabnbpw kh[mn
Ibpw khm[mcImcy-ImcWmnIbpw almevanbpam
Wv . tZhn `K-hms `nm`n-kzcq]nWnbpw tNX\m tNX
\mnIbpw {_m]cmnIbpw XZvKpW Ihn
`mKt`Zm ico-cmnIbpw tZhjn a\pjyKh
cq]nWnbpw Akpccmk `qXt{]X ]nimNmZnIfpsS
ico- c`qXIw khPo- hnIfpsSbpw C{nba\ {]mWcq]n
WnbpamIpp.
I K
N P
822
11. km tZho {Xnhn[m `hXn. kymk t\m
inx {Inbminx
kmmXv incnXn.
12. Cm imnx {Xnhn[m`hXn {io`qan
\oem- nIm
`{Z kzcq]nWo {]`mhcq]nWo tkmakqcymn cq]m
`hXn. tkmamnIm Hmj-[o\mw {]`hXn Iev]-hr
]pjv]-^e eXm KpevamnIm Huj- [t`-j- PmnIm
AarX cq]m tZhm\mw alXv kv tXma ^e {]Zm Aar
tX\ Xr]v Xnw P\bn tZhm\mat\ ]iq\mw XrtW\
Xo- hm\mw kqcymZnkIe `ph\ {]Imin\n ZnhmN
cm{Xn temIm\ntaj-amc`y LSnImjvSbma Znhkhmc
cm{Xn t`tZ\ ] amkXzb\ kwhct`-tZ\ a\p
jymWmw iXmbpx Iev]-\bm {]Imi- am\ Nncn{] hy]-
tZti\ \ntaj-amc`y ]cm]cyw Ime N{Iw PKXv
N{IanXymZn {]ImtcW N{IhXv ]cnham\mx kh
ssky- Xsskyh Imeky hn`mK hntijmx {]Imi cp]mx
Imecq]m `hn.
B tZhn inkzcq]nWnbmbn Cmin {Inbm
in kmmXv in Fo cq]-- fn {]Xy--s- Sp
p. tZhnbpsS Cm intbmSp IqSnb kzcq]w aqp
hn[nepv . {iotZhn, `qtZhn \oemtZhn Fo cq]- -
fn. tZhn awK- fcq-]nWn {]`mhcq]nWn, N{, kqcy,
An Fo cq]--fnepw AXyw tXPkzn\nbmbn
{]Xy-- s-Spp. tZhn N{s cq]- n {]Xy-sp
Hmj-[nIsf ]pjvSnsSppp. IqSmsX tZhn Iev]
hrw, eX, Kpevaw, ]pjv]w, ]{Xw, ^ew Huj[,
alu- j- [- Fo cq]-- fnepw {]Xy- s-Spp. N{
cq]- n tZhntZhmv b-^ew {]Zm\w sNp
p. Aw sImv PohnIsfbpw AarXw sImv tZh
mscbpw ]ppsImv ]ipsfbpw Xr]vXbmp-p.
kqcymZnIp t]mepw {]Imiw \Ip tZhn kIe
temIhpw {]Imi- am\ampp. tZhn cm{Xn, ]I, \nan
jw, \mgnI, ]w, amkw, EXp, Ab-\w, kwhcw
Fo t`Zm a\pjy\v \qdp hbv {]Zm\w sNbvXp
sImv kzbw {]Imi- kz-cq]nWnbmbn hnpp.
\nanjw XpSn ]cmw hscbpw hnfw_ io{L-XmZo
t`Zm ]cn]q-Ime N{Ihpw Fm AwK-{]- XywK
fpw tZhnbpsS kzcq]w XsbmWv. AXpsImv tZhn
{]Imi- kz-cq]nWnbpw Imekzcq]nWnbpamIpp.
15. Ancq]m A- ]m\mZn {]mWn\mw
qrjv WmnIm
tZhm\mw apJ cq]m h\u-j-[o\mw
iotXmjvW-cq]m
ImjvtTjz _ln \nXym\nXy
cq]m`hXn.
An kzcq]nWnbmbn PohnIv A ]m\mZnI
fmepw tkhnp-Xn\v hni- nsbpw Zmlnsbpw cq]-
nepw tZhmv apJy cq]-nepw hr- eXmZnIv
iotXmjv W cq]- nepw hr- ns Dnepw ]pdpw
\nXym\nXymcq]-nepw nXn sNpp.
16. {iotZhn {Xnhn[w cq]w IrXzm `K- hXv k
ev]m\p KptWy\ temIc-Wmw cq]w [mc
b-Xn. {incnXn evao-cnXn ey- amWm `hXoXn
hnmb- tX.
17. `qtZho kkmKcmw`x k]vXZzo]m hkpcm
`qcmZn NXpZi `qh- \m-\m- am-[m- c- `qXm {]Whm
nIw `hXn.
18. \oem N apJ hnZypXmen\o khu j[o\mw
kh{]mWn\mw t]mj- Wmw kh cq]m`hXn.
19. kakvX `ph\kymt[m `mtK PemImcmnIm
aWvUqIatbXn `ph\m[mtcXn hnmb- tX.
20. {Inbmin kzcq]w ltcapJmmZx Xm
ZmZv _npx _ntmtcmwImcx HmmcmXv ]ctamcma
sshJm\k ]hXx XXv ]htX Im\
abo-`n _lpimJm `hn.
{iotZhn cq]- n aqphn[n cq]w [cnp
koXmtZhn khtemIfpw kwc- np- Xn\v {]Xy-
-sSpp. B L- n tZhnbpsS kzcq]w evan
bpsS cq]-nemWv ImWs-SpI. kap{Z, k]vXZzo]m
I ]rYznbpsS cq]-n ]Xnmep temIn\pw
B{i-b-`q-Xbmbn {]W- hcq]- n tZhn {]Xy- -sSp
p. tZho-kz-cq]n\v `qtZhn Fv ]d- bpp. hrm
ZnIfpsSbpw PohnIfpsSbpw t]mj-Wn\v khkz-cq
]nWnbpw hnZypmbmapJnbpamb \oemtZhnbpsS cq]-
n tZhn {]Xy- -sSpp. B BZnin Xs
kIe`ph\-fpsSbpw ASnbn Pecq]- n `ph\
v B{i-b-ambn hnpp. `K-hm hnjvWp
hns apJ-p\npw koXbpsS B {Inbmi- ncq]w
\m\mcq]- n {]ISambn. B \mZn\nv _nphpw
_nphn\nv Hmwmchpw Dmbn. Hmmcn\pap
dv cma\mIp sshJm\k ]hXapv. AXn\v I
sbpw m\sbpw kw_n ]e imJ- Ifpw Dv.
21. X{X {ibo-abw imkv{XamZyw khm
XY Zi\w
EKv bpx kmacq]- XzmXv {XboXn
]cn IonXm
22. tlXp\m Imcyknt\ NXpm
]cnIonXm
EtNm bpw jn kmam\yYhmw
Knc- kkv XYm
I K
N P
823
23. NmXptlm{X {][m\ XzmXv enwKmZn
{XnXbw {Xbo.
AYhmw Knckw cq]w kma EKv
bq- cm- Iw
24. XYm Zni- ym`nNmc kmam-t\y\ ]rYIv ]rYIv
GIhnizXn imJmbmartKzZx ]ncIonXx
25. iXw N \himJmkp b pjm tah P\m
kmav\x kl{kimJm kypx ]imJm
AYhWx
26. sshJm\k aXkvXkvanmZu
{]Xy Zi\w
kvacytX ap\n`n \nXyw sshJm\k
aXx ]cw.
27. Ievt]m hymIcWw inm \ncpw
tPymXnjw O GXm\nj UwKm\n.
28. D]mwK- ab\w ssNh aoamw km \ymb hnkvXmcx
[ tkhnXmw N thZ thtZm
[nIw XYm
29. \n_mx kh imJm N kabm
Nmc kwK- Xn.
[ imkv{Xw aljoWm axIcW
kw`rXw
30. CXnlmk ]pcmWmJy ap]mwKw N
{]IonXw
hmkvXpthtZm [\pthtZm Kh
XYm apt\
BbpthZ ]sstX D]- thZmx
{]IonXmx
31. ZWvtUm \nXn hmm N hnZym hmbp
Pbx ]cx
GIhnwiXn t`tZmbw kz {]Imix
{]IonXx
AXn khm- fpw hyamp thZ{Xbn
F BZnimkv{Xw `hnpp. thZ{Xbn EIv, bPpv,
kmaw ChbmWv. AXv \mep \maw tN- Xmbn b-
Im tZhkzcq]w hyamp aqp thZ
am{Xta {][m\ambn ]cnK- Wns- Sppq. \memat-
Xmb AYhmw-Kn-ckv BZys aqp thZ- - fpsS
kzcq]w XsbmWv. EtKzZn\v Ccp]n Hpw bPp
th-Zn\v \qn H]Xpw kmathZ-n\v Bbn-chpw
AYhthZn\v Apw imJ-Ifpsv ]d-bs-Spp.
Chbn sshJm\kaXw XsbmWv {]Xy- Zi\ambn
]cnKWnnp--Xv. AXn\m ap\n-am sshJm\kw
Xs kvacnpp. m\nI thZtfmsSmw Iev]w,
hymIcWw, in, \ncpw, tPymXnjw, Ov Fo
Bdp thZmwK- fpw \ymbw, aoamwk, imkv{XhnkvXmcw
Fo aqv D]mwK- fpw ]Tnpp. ]pcmtW-Xnlmk
hmkv XpthZw, [\pthZw, KmhthZw Fo
Ap D]- thZfp- ap- v . Ch- tbmsSmw hym]mcw,
ZWvUw, \oXn, ]cXXznXn apXemb-hbpw kz{]- Im
inX- fmb ikv{X-fmIpp.
32. sshJm\k Etjx ]qw hnjvtWm hmWo
kapZv `thXv
{Xbo cqt]W kev]y Cw tZlo
hnPrw`tX
33. kwJym cqt]W kev]y sshJm\k
Etjx ]pcm
DZntXm bmZrix ]qhw XmZriw irWp
taJnew
iizZv {_abw cq]w {Inbmin
cp{ZmlrXw
BZyLn sshJm\kEjnbpsS lrZb- n
`K-hm hnjvWphns hmWn {]ISambn. AtX hmWn
Xs thZ{Xb cq]-n kev]ns- p. sshJmk
\ B hmWnsb kwJymcq]- n {_mIcq]w
Xs {_mI cq]w [cnp {Inbm in Xs
`K-hms kmm insbv hy-amn sImSpp.
34. kmmXv i`K- hXx kvacW am{Xmcq]m
Bhn `mh {]mZp `mhm-nIm \n{K- lm\p{Kl
cq]m imn tXtPmcq]m hymhy ImcW-N
cW ka{Kmhbh apJ- h t`Zm t_Z cq]m `K-
hXv kl-Nm- co- Wy-\- ]mbn-\y- \h- cX klm{i-bn-
WypZnXm \pZnXm Imcm \nta-tjmtj krjvSn
nXn kwlmc Xntcm[m\m\p{K- lmZn khin
kmaymXv kmmXv incoXn KnbtX
Ah {]]- -ns cq]-sf {]ISamnsmv
`K- hms CsImv am{Xw Cu Zriy{]-]- n kzbw
hyamIpp. Ah \n{Km\p{Kl cq]nWnbpw imn
tXtPm cq]nWnbpw hymhy- ImcW-`qXbpw `K-hms
kl-NmcnWnbpw Atln \npw A`nbpw {]`p
hns\ kam{i-bnphfpw hmNyhpw AhmNyhpamb cq]-
tmSpIqSnbhfpw \ntatjmt-j- , DXv ]-n, nXn
hn\miw, Xntcm[m\w A\p{Klw Fnhbv v Ignhp-
hepw Ahn\min\nbmbXn\m kmm insbv
]d- b- s-Sp-hfpw BWv.
35. Cmin {Xnhn[m {]Pbmhmbmw hn{ia
Wmw `K-htXm ZnW-h-te {iohm
IrXn `qXzm hn{imay- XoXn km tbmK inx
I K
N P
824
koXbpsS Cmknsb kw_-np cq]w
aqp hn[amWv. B tbmKin XsbmWv {]fb-Im
ev hn{iamw `K-hms amhnSn hep`m
Kv {ioh-ns BIrXnbn hn{i-anp-Xv.
36. t`mK in t`mK- cq]m Iev] hr
Imat[\p NnmaWn iwJ ] \n[ymZn
\h\n[n kam{inXm `K-hZp]mkIm\mw
Ima\bm `nbpm \cw \nXy ss\an
nI I `ncn tlm{XmZn`nhm
ba-\nb-amk\ {]mWmbma {]Xymlmc [ym
\ [mcWm kam[n`n hmea\ `n
tKm]pc{]mImcmZn `nhnam\mZn `nx kl
`K-hZzn{l- Kmm ]qtPm ]IcssW c
ss\x kv\m\mZn`nhm ]nXr ]qPmZn`n
c ]m\mZn`n hm `K-hXv {]oXy
apzm khw {Inb-tX.
koXmtZhn XsbmWv t`mKcq]nWo- i-n. Ah
Iev] hrmZn \h\n[nIfn \nhknpp. tZhn `K-
hZv `mcpsS Cm\nb-\pkcnv \nXy-ss\annI
In bmZnI baw, \nbaw, Bk\w,
{]mWmbmaw, {]Xymlmcw, [ym\w, [mcW, kam[n Fn
h aptJ\ D]mknp- hv D]t`mKn\p thn hn`n
-t`mKsf \Ipp. tZhn Xsbmav `K- hZv hn{Kl
]qPbvmbp kma{KnIfpw Xo-Pehpw Ahpw
ckhpw Iev]nv \IpXv.
37. AYmtXm hoci- n-X `pPm A`b hcZ]-
[cm Inco- Sm`cW-bpXm khtZsshx ]cnhrXm
Iev]-Xcpaqte NXp`nKssPx cXv\ LssS carX
Pssec`njn-am\m kh-tZhssX {_mZn`n
hy- am\m AWn-amZyjv ssSizcy bqXm kwaptJ
Ima- t[- \p\m kv Xqb- am\m thZ- im- kv {Xm- Zn `nx
kv Xpb- am\m Pbm- Xy- ]v kcx kv {Xo`nx ]cn- Ncy
amWm BZnXy tkmam`ymw Zo]m`ymw {]Imiyam\m
Xpw_pcp \mc- ZmZn `n Ko- b- am\m cmIm- kn \o
hmeo`ymw Ot{XW-mZn\o ambm`ymw NmatcW
kzmlmkzm[m`ymw hyP-t\\ `rKp-]pWym Zn`nc
Zyam\m tZho Znhy- knwlmkt\ ]Zvamk\mcq
V, kI- e- Im- cW Imcy- Ico ev ao tZhky
]rYIv `h\ Iev]\m Aew-NImcncm {]k
temN-\, kh-tZ-hssXx ]qPy- am\m hocevao-
cnXn hnmbX CXyp]- \nj-v.
NXp`pPtfmSp IqSnb- XmWv koXmtZhnbpsS
hocincq]w. tZhnbpsS ssIIfn hcZap{Z A`-b-ap
{Z, cp Xmac, Fnh tim`npp. tZhnInco- Smepw
av B`-cW- -fmepw kamewIrXbmWv . \mev shfp
B\I, cXv\J-NnXamb Iei- -fnIqSn AarXPew
sImv tZhnsb A`ntjIw sNpp. tkhIm Nppw
\nevpp. {_mhv XpSnb tZhm tZhnsb kv XpXn
pp. AWnamZnIfmb AjvssSizcy- fm kbmb
evankz- cq]nWnbmb koXmtZhnsb Imat[\p hnp
p. thZ imkv{XmZnI tZhmcpsS cq]w ]qv tZhnsb
hnpp. PbmZn tZhmwK- \am ]cnNcnpp. cmI
Fpw kn\o-hmen Fpw t]cp cp tZhnam IpS
]nSnpp. mZn\nbpw ambbpw shNmacw hoipp.
kzmlbpw kz[bpw hnidnsImp hoipp. {`Kp XpS
nb almm ]qP sNpp. kqcy N{m Zo]-
cq]-n {]Imiw hnXdpp. Xpw_p \mcZmZnI tZhn
bpsS KpW Io\w \Spp. tZhn Znhy knwlmk
\amb AjvSZf Iaen hncmPnpp. B tZhn
XsbmWv kIe Imcy ImcW- -fpsS hn[m{Xn. tZhn
Znhym`cW hn`qjnXbmWv. tZhmcm ]qPnXbmbn
{]k t\{Xbmbn nXnsNp hocevan Xs
bmWv koXmtZhn. tZhnsb `n]qw [ym\npI.
kotXm]-\njv kam]np.
Q
kqtcym]\njv
1
3
imn]mTw
Hmw `{Zw It`nx irWpbma tZh `{Zw ]tiy
am`nbP{Xmx nsscwssK kv Xpjv Sphmwk
kvX\q`nhytia tZhlnXw bZm bpx kzkv Xn \
Ct{m hr {ihmx kzkv Xn \x ]pjm hniz thZm
kzkv Xn \ kv Xmtym AcnjvSt\anx kzkv Xn t\m
_ylkv]XnZ[mXp Hmw imnx imnx imnx
I K
N P
825
]qP\obcmb tZhmsc, R sNhnIfm awKfw
tIpamdmIs. kpZrifmb AwKfmepw tZl
mepw \nsf kvXpXnp sImv tZhm Rp
\nbnnpff Bbpp apgph A\p`hnm\nShcs.
alm Ionam\mb C{ Rv awKfacpfs.
khhpadnbp ]pjmhv Rv awKfw \Is.
_ylkv]Xn awKfacpfs. Hmw imnx imnx imnx
lcn Hmw AYkqcywKn kw hymJymkymax
{_m Ejn Kmb{Xo Ox BZntXymtZhIm
lwkx tkmf lan\mcmbWbpw _oPw
lrtJminx hnbZmZn kkwbpw IoeIw
NXphn[]pcpjm knyt hn\ntbmKx
jSvkzcmcqtV\ _otP\ jUwKw cmw _pP
kwnXw k]vXmizcYn\w lncWyhw NXp
`pPw]Zzbm`bhcZlkv Xw ImeN{I {]tW
Xmcw {io kqcy \mcmbWw b Ghw thZ k ssh
{_mWx Hmw `p`phkx Hmw XXv khnXph-
tcWyw `tm tZhky [oaln [ntbm tbm\
{]tNmZbmXv kqcy Bm PKXm pj
kqcymssZz Jeznam\n `qXm\n Pmbt kqcym
Zyx ]Pt\ym Aamm \akvX BZnXy
Xztah {]Xyw {_mkn Xz tah {]Xyw
hnjv Wp ckn Xztah {]Xyw cpt{Zmf kn
Xztah arKkn. Xztah {]Xyw bpckn.
Xztah {]Xyw kamkn. Xztah {]XyaY
hmkn. Xztah khw Otm f kn. BZnXymZzm
bp PmbtX. BZnXymZv `qan PmbtX. BZnXymZm
t]m Pmbt. BZnXymXv tPymXn PmbtX.
BZnXymXv thyma Zntim Pmbt. BZnXym tZhm
Pmbt. BZnXym tZzZm Pmbt. BZntXym hm
Gj GXWvUew X]Xn AkmhmZntXym {_
BZntXymx IcW at\m _pn Nnmlmcmx
BZn tXym sshhym\x kam\m]mt\mZmt\m
{]mWxBZntXym ssht{im{XXzIv Npk\m
{LmWmx BZntXym sshhmIv ]mWn]mZ ]mbp
]mx BZntXym sshi_v Zkv]i cq]ckK
mx BZntXym sshhN\m Zm\Ka\ hnm
\mx B\atbm m\atbm hnm\ambx
BZnXyx
A\cw kqcys\ kw_n AYhthZob a{
hymJym\nmw. Cu a{ns Ejn {_mhm
Ipp. Ov Kmb{Xn tZhX kqcy\pw ""lwk tkm f
lw An \mcmbWbpamWv _oPw. lytJ in.
hnbZmZn kwk kwbpw IoeIw. CXns hn\ntbm
Kw \mephn[nepff ]pcpjmn\mWv . Bdp
kzcfn {]XnjvTXamb _oPtmsSmw jUwK-
cIaen nX\pw Ggp Aizsf sInb
cYn A[ncqV\pw lncWyh\pw \mep`pP-
fn Iaew hcap{ZmIamb ImeN{Ins hn[mbXzw
Cu \nebn kqcytZhs\ Adnbph XsbmWv
{_mW. kqcy \mcmW {]Whns A`qX
amb NnXv kXv B\ab\mWv. `qx `phx kx cq]n
ss{XtemIymI\mWv . hnizcNbnXmhmb Atl-
ns tXPns\ R [ym\npp B `Khm
RfpsS _pnsb th hn[n t{]cnns.
kqcy kqmhc PwKafpsS BmhmIpp.
Atln \nmWv Cu `qXsfmw DmbnpffXv
.Atln \np Xs b taLw Bmhv
Fm Bhn`pXambn. Atbm BZnXym,R
Asb \akv Icnpp. Ap Xs Ihpw
Imhpw ApXs {_mmhpw hnjv Wphpw.
ApXs cp{Z, E, bpv , kmaw, AYhw
CsXms Ap Xs. Av kq O cq]\mWv .
BZnXy\n \npw XsbmWv hmbp, `pan, Pew,
tPymXnv , BImiw, ZnpI Fmw DmbnpffXv.
Atln \nmWv tZhm DhnXv . thZfpsS
Dev ]n bp w Atln \n p Xs. Cu
{_mWvUs BZnXy\mWv . X]nnpXv. BZnXy
XsbmWv {_w. AxIcW cq]hpw Atlw Xs.
]{]mWfpsS cq]n {]XnjvTXambncnpXpw
kqcy Xs. ]t{nbfpsS cq]n Imcy
sNpXpw B tZh Xs. m\hnm\bp\pw
B\ab\pw Cu BZnXy\mIpp.
\tam an { Xmb `m\thartXymam ]mln .
{`mPnjv Wth hniz tlXth \ax kqcymXv `hn
`qXm\n kqtcyW ]menXm\ Xp kqtcyebw
{]]v \phn bx kqcym tkmltah N Np
[mct\m tZhx khnXm Npt\m tZhx khnXm
Np\ DX ]hXx Np[mXm Z[mXp\x
BZnXymb hnZvatl kl{k IncWmb [oaln
Xx kqcyx {]tNmZbmXv khnXm ]mmXv
khn Xm ]p ckv XmXv khn tXmcmmXv
khnXm [cmXv khnXm \x kphXp khXm
Xncw khnXm t\m cmkXmw ZoL ambpx HmantXy
Imcw {_ LrWncnXn tZzAtc kqcy
CXyc Zzbw BZnXy CXn {XoWycmWn
GXsskhy kqcyky Ajv Smtcm a\px bx
kZmlc lP]Xn k ssh {_mtWm`hXn k
ssh {_mtWm `hXn kqcym`naptJmP]v Xzm
alm hym[n`bmXv {]apNytX Aevao \iyXn
A`y `WmXv ]qtXm `hXn AKaymKa\mXv
]qtXm `hXn ]XnX kw`mjWmXv ]qtXm `hXn
AkXv kw`mjWmXv ]qtXm `hXn a[ymt
kqcym`napJx ]tTXv ktZymXv ] ]alm]mX
ImXv {]apNytX ssk jmw kmhn{Xow hnZym \
InnZ]n \ IkvssaNnXv {]iwktbXv b GXmw
I K
N P
826
alm`mKx {]mXx ]TXn k `mKyhm PmbtX
]iq hncptX thZmm e`tX {XnIme
taXXv P]v Xzm {IXpiX^eahm]v t\mXn tbm
lkvXm ZntXy P]Xn k alm arXypw XcXn k
almarXypw XcXn b Ghw thZ CXn kqtcym
]\njXv
an{X tZh\v \akvImcw. kqcy `Khm\v \akv Imcw.
`Khms\, acWn \nv Fs cnpI. hniz
n\v ImcW`qX\pw tXPkznbpamb kqcy\v \akvImcw.
kqcy\n \nmWv Cu kIe NcmNc {]mWnIfpsSbpw
Dev]n DmbnpffXv. Ahsbsbmw kwcnp-
Xpw kqcy XsbmWv.Ahkm\w kIePohnIfpw
Atln eo\\mbn `hnpp. B kqcy Rm
XsbmWv . khnXmhmb tZh \psS ImWv . kIe
Xns\bpw [mcWw sNp kqcy \psS t\{Xv
Zi\ in \Ipp. kl{k civanbmb `mkvIcs\
R [ym\npp. kqcytZh Rv t{]cW
\Is ]pdInepw apnepw sXpw hSpsamw
kqcytZh XsbmWv. B khnXm tZh Rp
thn kIeXpw Dev]ams. Atlw Rv
ZoLmbpv \Is. Hmw cq]nepff GImca{w
{_amIpp. "LrWn kqcy cpw ccapff
a{fmWv . BZnXy FXn aqv Ac Dv.
CsXmw tNv kqcy\mcmbWs AjvSmc a{w
Dmbncnpp. Cu a{w Fpw P]nph
{_b\mbnocpp. kqcy\v A`napJambn \nv
tamN\w e`npp. Zmcn{Zhpw ]m]hpw AIepp. ]
alm]m]hpw \inpw Cu kmhn{Xo hnZysbn
BcpsS apnepw {]iwkncpXv. GsXmcm {]`mX
nCXv P]npp. Ah `mKyhm\mIp. arK
e`nm\nSbmIpw. thZm m\apmIpw. kqcy
Aw \{Xn \np Zphkw CXp P]n
alm arXyphns\ XWw sNpp.
kqtcym]\njXv kam]np.
Q
imn ]mTw
Hmw. hmMv ta a\kn {]XnjvTnXm at\m ta
hmNn {]Xn-jv TnX amhncmhn a G[n thZ-kya
BWo x {ipXw ta am {]lmko At\ \m[o-
tX\m tlm cm{XmXv kwZ[man EXw hZnjyman
kXyw hZnjyman XmahXv. XZzmcahXp Ah
Xpamw. AhXphmcahXp hmcw. Hmw. imnx
imnx imnx
Fs hmv a\n ncambncns. Fs a\v
hmn {]XnjvTnXambncns. kzbw {]Imimmthm
Av Fs apn {]Xy- amItW. Atbm at\mhm
pIsf, \n Fs thZm\n\m[mcamWv . AXp
sImv Fs thZm[ymb-\s \inncpXv. thZm[yb
\n Xs Rm cmhpw ]Iepw Nnehgnpp. am\
knIambpw hmNnIambpw Rm kXyw ]dbpw Fs cn
s. hmhns\ cns. Fs cns. hmm
hns\ cns. Hmw. imnx imnx imnx
Hmw JWv Uw
1. AY `K-hw tZhmN DuNpx tl `K-h \x
IYb ku`mKy evao hnZymw
2. XtYXn Athm-NXv `K- hm BZn- \m- cm- bWx
kh- tZhmx bqbw kmh- [m- \- a- \tkm `qXz m
irWpXw Xpcob cp]mw Xpco- bmXoXmw kthm
XvISmw kha{m k\KXmw ]otTm ]oT tZhXm
]cn-hrXmw NXp`pPmw {inbw lnc- Wy- hmw
CXn. ] Zi EKv `n [ymtb-Xv.
tZhm `K- hm\mb BZn \mcmb- W-t\mSv ]dp:
""`K-hmt\, Rv ku`mKy evao hnZy D]- tZinp
Xmepw. `K-hm ]dp: ""As\ Xs. tZhm
sc, \n Fmhcpw GIm{K- Nncmbn tIphn
qew, kqvaw, ImcWw Fo aqv AhIpw
D]- cnbmbn Xpco-bmhbvpw AXmb- Xv, AXn\pw D]-
cnbmbn \nKpWhpw imhpamb cq]-tmSp IqSnbhfpw
kha{mku- bpw ]oT- fnepw D]-]o-T- fnepw hnco
ku`mKyevao D]\njv
1
3
I K
N P
827
Pnp- hfpw tZhmcm ]cntkhnXbpw \mep `pP
tfmSp IqSnbhfpamb evao- tZhnsb ]Xn\p EpI
sfsmv [ym\nWw.
3. AY ]Zi EKmIky {io kv{XWvUkym
\Ia Nno- tXncmkpXm Ej-bx{iocn jymZym
EN NXp Zim\mw ENmw B\w Ejbw
lncWyhmZymXv b{X bkym \jvSp]v Ox
Imwtkm AkvaoXy ky _rlXo Ox XZ- \y-
tbm Zztbm kv{XojvS ]v ]p\cjvSI kym\pjvT
]- ti- jky {]kv Xmc ]wnx {Xyn tZhXm
lncWy hm- anXn _oPw Imwtkm kv aoXn
inx lnc- bm N{- c- PX {kPm lncWym
ln cWy ht- Xn - { ]- W- hmZn \tamss
Xpy sscwK- \ymkx AY h{ {Xssb-
cw- K- \ymk akv X- I- tem- N- \m- {ipX {LmW- h- Z\
IWvT_mlpZzb lrZb-\m`n Kply ]mbq-cpPm\p
PwtLjp {io kqss- tch {Ia tim \ytkXv.
]Xn\p EpIfpsSbpw Ejnam Cnc, B\w,
Ia, NnnX FnhcmWv BZy-a{ns Ejn
Cncbpw tij-ap-hbpsS Ejnam ]p{X\vamcpamWv.
BZys aqp a{- fpsS Op A\pjv Sp]pw \mem
aXns _rl-Xnbpw AmaXnsbpw Bdmat-
Xnsbpw {XnjvSppw GgmatXpapX ]Xnmema
tXp hscbpXv A\pjvSppw {]kvXmc]wnbpam
Ipp. tZhX {iobpw Anbpw _oPw lncWyhhpw
in ImtUmkvanbpw BIpp. lncWvay- bo, N{, cP
X{k-P, lncWy {kP, lncWy, lncWy h Fo
\masf NXpo hn`nbn shv Hmw Imcn
\npamcw`nv HSphn \ax Fpcnv \yknWw.
]ns h{- {Xbw sImp incv, t\{Xw, t{im{Xw, \mkn
I, apJw, IWvTw, _mlpZzbw, lrZbw, \m`n, Kplyw,
hmbp, Ducp, P\p, PwL Fnhbn {iokqw sImp
Xs bYm{Iaw \yknWw. ]oSv {ikq- a{m
AwK-\ymkw sNpI. Xmsg ]dbp a{m [ym\n
p-I.
AcpW-Iae kwmX{ZPm ]pjv] hmx
IcIae [rtX jv{Sm`nXn bpmw _pPmN
aWn ISI hnNn- {Xm- ew- IrXm Iev ] Pmssex
kIe `ph\amXm kXw {iox {io ssb\x
AcpW-Iaen hncmPnp-hfpw Iae]-cmK-Xp
ey- amb ]oXhw tN- hfpw hcZm`b ap{Zmbpbpw
cp ssIIfnepw Xmacqhv [cnhfpw aWnab-heb-
-fm kaewIrXbpw khtemIamXmhpamb {ioalm
evan \nccw Rsf sFizcy k- - cms.
5. XXv ]oT InImbmw kkm[yw {io_o- Pw.
hkzmZnXp Iem]Zvtajp {iokq KXmm[
ENm XZv _ln`yx ip NncnXn amXrIbm b {iobw
b{mwK ZiIw N hnenJy {inb-amhmltb-Xv.
6. AwssKx {]Yam hrXnx ]ZvamZn`n ZznXo- bmtem
tIssikvXrXo- bm. XZm bmssZ kvXpcobm hrXn
`hXn {iokpsscmhml\mZn tjm Uikl{k
P]x
7. ku`m- Ky- c-ssa-Im-cym `rKp- \n- NrZv Kmb{Xn
{inb Ejym-Zbx ianXn _oP-inx {ioanXymZn
j- UwKw
8. `qbmZv`qtbm Zzn]- Zvam`b hcZIcm X]vXIm
kzcm`mw ip{_m{`mt`` bp Zzb-I-c[rX Ip`m
Zv`ncmknNy- am\m cXv\u Lm _au-en hnae
XcZpIq-emhmte]- \m-Vym, ]Zvamo ]Zva\m
t`mcknIrXhkXnx ]ZvaKm {inx {inssbx\x
]oTInIbpsS Dn kmy- ImcIamb _oPw
FgpXnbXn\ptijw ZzmZi Iaew Ajv SZfw FnhtbmSp
IqSnb XmacIfn `qhrXaty {iokqns ]IpXn
EpI FgpXpI. ]noSv \n`qXhr-fn ^e
{ipXn cq]-nep EpI FgpXn tjmU-imcaty
apIfn AImcw apX kImcw hsc amXrIm h
FgpXWw. Ghpw apIfn \n`qXhrn
hjUv k-- amb XzcnX F _oPm-ctmSpIqSn
{io_o-Ps teJ\w sN-Ww. Cs\ ]v AwK-
fp {ioN{Iw \nnWw. AwK-a{ sImv
{]YamhcW- ]qP \S-pI. ]Zva\n[nIfm cmaXpw
BhcW- ]qP thW- aw. temI]meIm aptJ\ XrXo-
bmhcW ]qPbpw h{PmZn Bbp[ aptJ\ NXpm
hcW ]qPbpw {Iaa\pkcnv \nhlnpI. {iokq
ns EpIfm Bhml- \mZn Imcy- sNpI.
]ns ]pccWmw ]Xn\mbncw a{ P]n
W- samWv \ntiw. GIm-camb ku`mKy-evao
a{ns Ejn`rKphpw Ov \oNrZv Kmb-{Xnbpw
tZhX {iobpw BWv. _Pw {ioaptJ- \bpw AwK-\ymkw
{imw Fnhh aptJ-\bpw sNmw. cp ssIIfnepw
Xmacbpw av IcbpK- n hcZm`b-ap{ZIfpw [cnncn
p- - hfpw kz- k- am- \- amb ico- c- Im- n- tbmSp
IqSnbhfpw taLka{]- `bpw cv B\IfpsS Xpn- c
- fm IaePem A`njnbpw AcpW- cXv\ JNn
Xamb IncoSw [cnhfpw EXpnW-nb AwK-cmKw
]qinb-hfpw `qhkv {XmW ]cmb-Wbpw IatemN\bpw
{io]-\m`s h- n hknphfpw Iaemk\
bpamb {iotZhn \apv ]caamb sFizcyw \Ipamdm
Is.
9. XXv ]oTw Ajv S]{Xw hr {Xbw ZzmZi- cmin
JWvUw NXpc{iw cam]oTw `hXn. InImbmw
kk[yw {io_nPw hn`qXncpXnx Imnx krjvSnx
I K
N P
828
Ionx kXn hypjvSnx kXvIrjnx Enx CXn
{]W- hmZn \tam- ss- iy- Xpy ss \h- i-
nc btPXv. AwtK ]rYamhrXnO hmkptZhm
Zn`n ZzXobm _meIymZn`n kvXrXobm C{m `n`n
o `hXn ZzmZi ex P]
aqp hrtmSp IqSnb cam]o-Tb{w ASbmf
s-Sp- Ww. AjvSZfInIbn km[y klnXw _oP
sagpXpI. BZyw apX HmwImchpw HSphn \ax F
tbmK-k- lnXw Hmtcm \mansbpw NXpo hn`n
{]tbmKm \hi-nIsf ]qPnWw. hnZypXn, D-
Xn, Imn, krjvSn, Ion, k-Xn, hypjvSn, kXvIr-
jvSn, En FnhbmWv \hinI. AwK-\ymkw
sImv BZy-ambn BhcW- ]qP sNpI. ]ns hmkp
tZh, kj-W, {]Zypav\, A\ncp Fnhsc
{Iaa\pkcnv ]qPnWw. Cs\ ZzXo-bmhcW ]qP
sNpI. _meIn XpSnbhscbpw ]qPnpsImv XrXo
bmhca ]qPbpw thWw. C{mZntZhmscbpw AhcpsS
Bbp[ aptJ\ NXpmhcW ]qP thWw. ]qc
- cWmw ]{p ew a{w P]nWw.
11. {ioevao hcZm hnjvWp]n hkp{]- Zmln
cWy cq]m kz-amen\o cPX{kPm kz-{]`m
kz-{]mImcm ]hmkn\o ]lkvXm ]Zva
{]nbm apmeMA- Imcm N\{Zkqcym hnevt{]-bm,
Cuizco `pn apn hn`qXn En. karnx
IrjvSnx ]pjvSn [\Zm [t\izco {im t_mKn\o
t`mKZm kmhn{Xn [m{Xn hn[m{Xn, CXymZn {]W-
hmZn \tam-Xpym a{mx GImc
hZwKmZn ]oTw X-Ww. Zimwiw ]mh\w ZznP
Xr]vXnx \njvImam\m tah {iohnZym knnx \
IZm]n Imam\man-Xn.
{Xyco hnZym ]qPbn BZyw Hmmchpw HSphn
\axbpw tNv Hmtcm \mansbpw NXpn hn`n
klnXw {]tbmKnpI, {io, evao, hcZ, hnjvWp
{]nbm, lncWy-cq]m, hkp{]- Zm, cPX{k-Pm, kz- am
en\n, kz{]`m, kz- {]- Imim, ]Zvahmkn\o, ]Zvam
l- kv Xm, ]Zva {]nbm, hnezm{]nbm, N{kq-cym, apme
mcm, Cuizco, `pn, apn, hn`qXn, En, karn,
IrjvSn, ]pjvSn, [\Zm, [t\izco, {im kmhn{Xn, t`mKn
\n, t`mKZ [m{Xo, hn[m{Xo Fo \ma-fm in
]qP sN-Ww. ]pccWmw Hcp ew a{w P]n
Ww. P]- ns ]nsemv X- Whpw X- W-
ns ]nsemv lh\hpw lh\ns ]nsemv
{_mWt`mP\hpw \SWw. Ima\mclnX `mhtmsS
D]mknp- hp am{Xta {iohnZym{]m]vXn ssIhcp
Ibpq. Ima\mklnXambm ^ean.
cmw JWv Uw
1. AY ssl\w tZhmx DuNpx Xpco-bbm ambbm
\nnjvSw XXzw {_plnXnx XtYXn ktlmhmN.
]noSv tZhm ]dp: Xpco- b-amb-bm \nnjvT
amb XXzs kw_-nv Rv ]d- pXmepw.
1. tbmtK\ tbm mXthym tbmtKm tbm KmXv {]-
h[tX. tbm {]akvXkvXp tbmtK\ k tbmKo
catX Nncw
2. kam]Ny \n{Zmw kpPot ev ]t`mPo
{iaXymPy _mt[ hnhnt {]tZti
kZmkoX \nivXrjvW Gj {]bXvt\m
Yhm {]mWtcmt[m \nPm`ymkammXv
3. ht{Wm ]pcy- hmbpw lpX- hml \netb
]m\amIrjy [rXzm kmwKpjvSmZywKpen`n hc
Ic Xetbmx jUv`ntchw \ncp[y, t{imt{X t\t{X
N \mkm ]pSbpKf atYmt\\ amtW kay-
Iv. ]iyn {]Xybmw {]W-h_lphn[ [ym\kw
eo\ Nnmwx
tbmK-m tbmK-_pn ssIhcp-Xp-sImv
tbmKw aptJ\ tbmKs Adnb-Ww. tbmK- n Z
Nn\mbn tbmKn Nncw kpJ-a\p`hnpp. anXt`mPn
bmb km[I cmKtZzjmZn amen\y- AIn Be
ky-sat\y {]]- -amsI {_Xz{]m]vXnv {]Xn_-
sadnv GIm km[\bn apgpIpp. cmPtbmK-
{]- hIt\m lT tbmK- {]- hIt\m BIpp. Cu
cp hn[ tbmK- fnsemv ssI sImpp. {]mWmbm
am`ymkn hmbn IqSn hmbphns\ DntemIjnv
A]m\hmbp hns\ \m`nbnse PTcmn tIminem
Ijnv hmbnIqSn BIjn hmbphns\ AXpambn
CW- pp. ]noSv X- hnc ap hncepI Dw ssI
Fnhbm ImXv, Iv, aqns Zzmc Fnh
_nv {]mWmbmam {]Whw Nnnv AXn Xs
kpJw Isn B- kmmXvImcw {]m]npp.
4. {ihW apJ \b\ \mkm\ntcm[ t\ ss\h
Ihyw
ip kpjpav\m kcWuq aaew
{iqbtX \mZx
5. hnNn{X tLmj kwbpm \mltX
{iqbtX [z\nx
Znhy tZl tXPkzo Znhy Ktm
]ytcm Khm
6. kw]q lrZbxiqt\ymXzmct`
tbmK- hm `thXv
ZznXobmw hnL-So- IrXyhmbp `hXn a[ytKx
I K
N P
829
{ihWw, apJw, \b\w \mk FnhbpsS On{Z
sf _nm A`ymkns asmcp hn[nbmbn.
Ahbn IqSn ipamb kpjpav\ \mUnbn {]W- h
ns A\ml- X[z\n tImw. A\ml- XN{In
[z\n tIp- tm Xs hn`n-- {]- Im- c-n- ep
hnNn{X tLmjepw tImw. km[Is\ CXv F{Xbpw
tXPkznbmpp. Ahs icocn \npw ZnhyKw
hcpw. Znhy ico-chpw e`npw. iq\y- n at\mtbmK-
tmsS [z\n tIncnp- Xn\m km[I tbmKbp
\mIpp. Pohmmhv kpjpav\m am- n IqSn
aptmpt]mIptm kzm[njvTm\ N{Iw t`Znv AXns
a[ynep On{Zn IqSn {]mWhmbp kpjpav \bn
{]thinpp.
7. ZrVmkt\m `thtZymKo ]Zv am`ymk\ kwnXx
hnjvWp {Kt- kvXtXm t`ZmXv
]cam\ kw`hmx
8. AXniqt\ym hna t`co i_vZkvXtXm
`thXv x
XrXobmw bmtXm `nXzm \n\mtZm
a\ [z\nx
9. almiq\yw XtXmbmXn khknn kam{ibw
Nm\w XtXm`nXzmkh]oT KXm\nex
10. \njv]u sshjvWhx i_vZx
IzW-XoXn IztWm
`thXv GIo- `qXw XZmNnw
ku\-ImZnap- \o-UnXw
11. At\w kamtcm]y JWvtUy- JWvUw
ka- b
`qam\w {]IrXnw [ymXvhm IrX
XrtXym artXm `thXv
12. tbmtK\ tbmKw kwtcm[y `mhw
`mth\ NmRvPkm
\nhnIev]w ]cw XXzw kZm `qXzm
]cw `thXv
13. Alw `mhw ]cnXyPy PKXv `mha\o ZriwS
\nhnIevt] ntXm hnZzm `qtbm
\m]y\ptimN-Xn.
]Zvamk\w XpSnb Bk-\-fn A`ymkw \S
p tbmKn at\mcY knnl- \mIpp. ]ns
aqmas aWn]qcIsa N{In nXnsNp
amb At\Iw Ima\Isf hfpw. Ah XIm
]cam\w e`npw. iq\ys ewLnv {]mWhmbphn\v
\mUnbp-ambn kwLjapm-Iptm AXn\npw
s]cpdbpsS i_v Zn\p Xpeyamb i_vZw {ihnmw.
aqmas aWn]qcN{Is t`Znptm {]mWhm
bphn\npw arZwKw t]mep Hcp [z\n ]pd- s- Spp.
]ns {]mWhmbp XmeN{Iw aptJ\ Nns Pbnv
XmepN{Iw t`Znv AhnsS am\knIamb khm\hpw
Ah\v e`npp. C- s\bp km[\bpsS Ahkm\w
{]Xy- -ambn apg-p \mZn Nnw ebnpp
Fv k\ImZnap\nI ]d- bpp. A\s\ kamtcm
]nv ambm{KkvXamb cq]s {_n kanv
km[I Bmhns khhym]Isn Nnnv
AarX- Xzs {]m]n- p-p. Akw- {]- m- X- tbmKw
aptJ\ kw{]-mXtbmKw Pbnv A`mhm `mh
s \ntcm[nWw. Atm km[I \nhnIev]- k
am[nsb {]m]nv ssIheyw km[n-pp. AtXm-sS
Ahs Alw`mhw \jvSamIpp. ambmab-amb {]]-
hpw ep]vXamIpp. m\nbmb km[Is\ aaXzw
_m[n-pn.
14. kente sskhw bZzXv kmayw
`hXn tbKXx
XYm a\tkmsscIyw kam[nc `n \obtX
15. bZmkwo-btX {]mtWm am\kw
N {]eo btX
XZmkackXzw XXv kam[o-c`n \obtX
16. bXv kaXzw Xtbmc{X Pohm ]camt\mx
kakvX \jvSb-kev]x kam[n c`n [obtX
17. {]`m iq\yw a\x iq\yw _pn iq\yw
\ncmabw
khiq\yw \ncm`mkw kam[nc`n[o- btX
18. kzb-apentX tZtl tZlo \nXy kam[n \m
\new Xw hnPm\o- bmXv kam[oc `o[o-btX
19. b{X b{X at\m bmXn X{X X{X ]cw ]Zw
X{X X{X ]cw {_ kh{X kahnXw.
sh- n- en Dv AXn Aen- p- tN-cp-- Xp-
t]mse a\v Ftm Bmhn ebnpp B Ah
sb kam[nsbv ]d-bpp. {]mWmbman oW
am {]mW-hmbp Ipw`In nXnsNpIbpw No
hrnI \jvSambno-cpIbpw sNpp. B kab-
pmIp NommfpsS GIo- `mhamWv kam[n.
AXn Pohm ]cammfpsS kaXz `mhw ssIhcp
tm kIe kev]- fpw \inpp. kmwkmcnIhpw
t_m[clnXhpamb nXnbn at\m_pnIfpsS ]cn
]q-amb hnebw kw`-hnm khhpw iq\y- ambn
tXmpw. B Ahbvv \ncmabw Fp t]. AXp
Xs kam[n. icocw Apanpw t]mbmepw Nn
ns \nehpw [ym\ahpamb nXnbmWv kam
[n. B Ahbn km[Is a\v FhnsStmbmepw
I K
N P
830
Ah\v ]ca]Zw e`nppv. ]c{_w Ah\v kpe`
amWv.
aqmw JWv Uw
1. AY ssl\w tZhm DuNp \h N{I
hnth-Ia\p
{_qlo- Xn, XtYXn ktlmhmN
hopw tZhm Atl- tmSv Xv \hN{I
hnthIs kw_n D]- tZiw \IW-sav ]d-p.
A-s\bmIs Fp ]dv Atlw Dcw \In.
2. B[mtc {_ N{Iw {XncmhrXw `K-aWvUem
Imcw X{ X aq e- It in x ]mh- Im- Imcw
[ymtbXv Xss{Xh Imacq-]]oTw khIm-a{]Zw
`hXn CXym[mcw N{Iw
3. ZznXobw kzm[njvTm\ N{Iw jUv `pPw Xty
]nam`napJw enKw {]hmfmpw kZriw [ymtbXv
Xss{X- th-UymW ]oTw PK-ZmIjW knnZw
`h- Xn. XrXobw \m`n- N{Iw k- Ip- Sn- em- Imcw
Xty IpWvUen\ow _memtImSn{]`mw XSn
- n`mw [ymtb- Xv kmay inx khx
knn{]Zm `hXn.
4. aWn ]qcIN{Iw lrZtb N{I-ajv S Ze-at[m
apJw X-t[y- tPym-Xnab enwKmImcw [ymtbXv
sskh lwk Iemkh{]nbm khtemIhiyI
co `hXn.
5. IWvTN{Iw NXpcwKpew X{X hmta CUm N{
\mUo ZntW ]nwKfm kqcy- \mUo Xt[y
kpjpav\mw tizXhmw [ymtbXvb Ghw thZ
A-\ml X knZv[nZm `hXn.
6. Xmep N{Iw X{X AarX [mcm {]hmtlm
LnIm enwK- aqe N{I- ct{ cmP- Z- m- hew
_n\o-hnhcwZi ZzmZimcw X{X iq\yw [ymtbXv
Nnetbm `hXn.
7. k]v Xaw `qN{IawKpjvT am{Xw X{X m\
t\{Xw Zo] inJmImcw [ymtbXv X tZh I]me
Iw hmIvknnZw `hXn.
8. Bm\ N{IajvSaw {_c{w \nhmW-
N{Iw X{X kqNnIm Krtl-Xcw [q{ainJmImcw
[ymtb- Xv . X{X Pme- - c- ]oTw tam- {]Zw `h-
XoXm ]c{_-N{Iw.
9. \hmamImi N{Iw X{XtjmUiZeh aq[z
apJw X- [y- In- Im- {Xn- Ip- Sm- Imcw Xt[y
Du[z- i- nx Xmw ]iy [ymtbXv Xss{Xh
]qKncn ]oTw kthmknn km[Iw `hXn.
`K-hm BZn\mcmb-W ]dp: aqem[mcn
ep {_N{Iw tbm\nbpsS BImcnepXpw {Xnhr
bphpamWv. AhnsS InImaqen Dd- p
k- ns BIrXnbn IpWvU-en\o in nXn
sNpp. AXv DW-cpXphsc InPzenp Pzme
bpsS cq]-n [ym\nWw. AhnsSbmWv `K-hXn{Xn
]pcbpsS Iacq]]oTw F m\w. B `K-hXnsb
Anm kIe t`mKfpw knnpw. CXv B[mc
sa {]YaN{IamWv.
cmatXv BdpZe- fp ]Zvans kzm[n
jvTm\ N{IamWv. AXns InIm]rjvTn Npa
\ndnep inhenwKs ]nam`apJ-amn [ym\n
-Ww. Ahn-sS-bp DVym- \-]o- Ts D]m-kn- m
hnizs BIjnm t]m knn IcK- XamIpw.
aqmasXmb \m`nN{Iw kmIrXnbnepXpw
Bdv hr-tfmSpIqSnb-XpamWv. B N{In tImSn
Wn\v _mekq-cy- mcpsS tPymXnn\v Xpey-amb
IpWvUen\o insb [ym\npI. DW- Xn\ptijw
B in Gsd IgnhpXpw knnZmb-IhpamWv.
aWn ]qcIN{Iw AjvSZf IaemImcnepXpw
At[mapJ-hpamWv . CXp Xs lrZb-N{Iw. CXn
tPymXnab-enwKs [ym\npI, CXv lwkIe F
t]cn {]nbcamIpp. AXpWm khtemIhpw
hio-Icnm\p in Inpw. Igpn NXpcwKpe
{]amW- amb N{Iapv. AXn CSp`mKv CUbpw
heXp`mKv ]nwKebpw Dv. cn\pw at[y shfp
kpjpav\m \mUnsb NnnpI. CXdnbph\v A\m
l- XN{Iw knn \Ipp. CXns apnep \mep
N{In AarX[mc {]hlnpp. Cu \mep N{I
nepw ]p ]{v Zf-fpv . AXn\pw apn Z
aqew hsc hnimeN{ImImcamb On{Zn \mep N{I
apv. AXn iq\ys [ym\nm Nnw iq\y-cXam
Ipw. AwKpe-]cnamW- ap Ggma-sXmWv `qN{Iw.
AXn ImnmnSp Ip Zo]- ns\m m\
t\{Xs NnnWw. Cu N{Iw DWm I]me
Is-nbpw AXnt\mS\p_- np hnj- b- sf
nbpw Adnhv e`npp. Fmas B N{Is
sbmWv {_c{w Fv ]d-bp- Xv . AXns A{K-
`mKw kqNnap\ t]mencnpw. AhnsS {[qainJmcq]s
[ym\nWw. AhnsSbp Pmec]o-Ts D]mkn
m tamw knnpw. AXn-\m ]c-{_- N{Iw
Fpw AXn\v t]cpv. H]XmasXv BImi N{I
amWv . AhnsS ]Xn\mdp Zf- tfmSp IqSnb Xmac Du[z
apJ-ambn nXnsNpp. AXns \Sphnep InI
{XnKpW- - fpsS amXmhmIbm aqp inJ- cfp ]h
Xns BIrXn tN- XmWv . AXns a[yn apI
fntemv Ip\npInSp inbpv. AXns\ t\mn
I K
N P
831
NnnWw. AhnsS bp ]q-Kncn ]oTw D]mknp
Xv Ima\mknnZamIpp.
10. ku`mKy ev ayp- ]- \n- jZw \nXy a[otX
tkmn artXm `hXn khmbp ]qtXm `hXn.
k kIe [\-[m\y kXv ]p{X If{X lb-`qK
P]- iq- aln jo Zmko- Zmk tbmK- m- \- hm
`hXn ku ]p\cmhX CXyp]- \nj-Xv.
Cu ku`mKy-evao D]-\njv \nXyhpw A[y-
b\w sNp- h An]qX\mIpp. hmbp ]qX\m
Ipp; Ah kIe hn[ [\[m\y- ]p{X `mcy
B\, IpXnc, arK, ]ip, Fcpa, Zmk, Zmknam
FnhtcmSpIqSn sFizcyk- -\mbn m\nbmbn `hn
pp. Ahkm\w Ah ]c- a]Zw {]m]n- p-Ibpw
]p\P- anmh\mbn `anpIbpw sNpp.
ku`mKyevao D]- \njv kam]np.
Q
kv Itm]\njv
1
3
imn ]mTw
Hmwx kl\mhhXp. kl \u `q\p kl
hocyw Ichmh ssl. tXPkzn\mh[oX akvXp.
am hnZznjm h ssl Hmw imnx imnx imnx
]c{_w Kpcpinjy-mcmb \ cpt]- scbpw
cns. AXv \ cp t]scbpw ]mens. \m
cpt]- scbpw ]mens. \m cp t]cpw Hcpanv Ignhp
I t\Ss. \psS Ayb\w tXmtPmabamIs. R
At\ym\yw tZzjw hlnm CSbmImXncns. Hmw
imnx imnx imnx
1. ANyptXm kvan almtZh Xh ImcpWy- teiIx
hnPvRm\L\ Ghmkvan inthm kvan
InaXx]cw
almtZh, A- bpsS ImcpWy- teiw \nanw
Rm ANyp- X\pw hnm- \- L- \\pw inh\pw
Bbn - cn- p- p. F\nv CXn IqSp- X- sep
thWw?
2. \ \nPw \nPhmZv `mXn AxIcWPrw `WmXv
AxIcW- \mti\ kwhnm{X ntXm lcnx
a\pjys AxIcWw hnIknXambn Xs ]m
nhkzcq]w hnkvacnptm AxIcW\miw kw`
hnpIbpw AhnsS GI\mbn lcnam{Xw nXnsNp
Ah DmhpIbpw sNpp.
3. kwhnm{X nXml atPmkv an InaXx ]cw
hyXncnw PUw khw kz]v\ h hn\ iyXn
m\kzcq]- n nXn sNp- hs\pw P-
cln-XamsW-pap A\p`hhpw m\hpw F\np
mbncnpp. CXn \npw `n-ambnp- sXmw PUw
kz]v\w Fnht]mse \izcamWv? CXn IqSpXse
mWp thXv?
4. NnPvPUm\w Xp tbm {ZjvSm tkm Nyp
tXm m\
hn{Klx k Gh ln almtZhx k Gh
ln almlcnx
ssNX\ysbpw PUsbpw ImWp- h Xs
bmWv ANypX\pw m\kzcq]\pw. Ah XsbmWv
almtZh\pw alml- cnbpw
5. k Gh tPymXnjmw tPymXnx k Gh
]cta izcx
k Gh ln ]cw {_ XZv {_mlw
\ kwibx
Atlw Xs khtPymXnpIpw aqeImcW-
amb tPymXnv. Atlw Xs ]ctaizc. ]c{_- hpw
Atlw Xs. kwi- ban, Rm\pw AtX {_w Xs.
6. Pohx inhx inthm Pohx kPohx tIhex inhx
XptjW _tm {holnx kympjm
`mth\ XWvUpex
I K
N P
832
7. Ghw _kvXYm Pohx Ia\mti kZm inhx
]mi- _- kvXYm Pohx ]mi- apx kZm inhx
Poh Xs inh. inh Xs Poh. B Poh
tIhew inh Xs. DantN s\n \npw Dan
amnbm Acn tijnpw. AXpt]mse _\mb Poh
I\miw kw`-hnptm kZmin-h\mIpp. CXp
t]mse ]mi_- \mb Poh ]miap\mbm kZm
inh\mbn.
8. inhmb hnjvWpcp]mb inhcp]mb hnjvWpth
inhky lrZbw hnjvWp hnjvtWm
lrZbw inhx
inh Xs hnjvWpcq]. hnjvWp Xs inhcq
]. inhs lrZb-n hnjvWphpw hnjvWphns
lrZb-n inh\pw hknpp.
9. bYminhatbm hnjvWptchw hnjvWpab inhx
bYmcw \ ]yman XYm ta kzkvXn cmbpjn
GXphn[w hnjvWp inhab-ambncnptm AXp
t]me inh hnjvWpab-hpamWv . Chcn At`mhw F\n
pmIptm Cu ico- cn nXnsNth Xs
Rm IeymW kzcq]\mIpp.
10. bYmcw \ t`Zmx kypx inh tIitbm
kvXYm tZtlm
tZhmebx t{]mx kPohx tIhex inhx
XytPZPvRm\ \nmeyw tkm
lw `mth\ ]qPtb-Xv.
hnjvWphpw inh\pw Xn bmsXmcp hn[amb
A- ctam t`Ztam CmXpt]mse Cu tZlhpw tZhm
eb-amWv. AXn Poh tIhew inhcq]- n nXn
sNpp. a\pjys Am\ \nmeyw Zqcnem
Iptm ""AXv Rm Xs'' F `mhn AXns\
]qPn- Ww.
11. AtyZZi\w m\w [ym\w \nhnjbw a\x
kv\m\w at\maeXylx iuNan{nb \n{Klx
kIeXpw AtZZ _pntbmsS ImWpIsb-XmWv
m\w. a\- ns \nhn- j- bm-h- - bmWv [ym\w.
kv\m\- sa-Xv at\mam- en-\y-ns Zqco-I- cW-amWv .
C{nb \n{K- l- amWv bYm-nep iuNw.
12. {_marXw ]nt_Zv ss` amNtcZv
tZl ctW
htktZImntI `qXzm ssNIm t
ssZzX hPntX
CtXy- ]- amNtcXv [oam k Ghw apn
am]v \pbm- Xv .
{_PvRm\marXw ]m\w sN- Ibpw tZlkwc-
W- n\v `nmhrn kzoIcnpIbpw tZzj- `mhw ssIsh
SnbpIbpw GImhmknbmbncnpIbpw thWw. Cs\
BNcnp- h tamw {]m]npp.
13. {io]- ca[mav t\ kzkvXn Nncmbptjym- aCXn.
hncnn\mcmbW icm-Iw
\rknwltZthi Xh {]kmZXx
ANnyahy a\a hybw
thZmIw {_\nPw hnPm\tX
]cam[mamhpw IeymW cq]nbpamb hnjvWphn\v \a
kv Imcw. \rknwl tZh A-bpsS Ir]-bm {_kz-
cq]hpw hnjvWpkzcq]hpw, inh kzcq]hpw ANnyhpw
Ahy- hpw A\cw thZkzcq]hpamb {_w B-
kz- cq]- n Adnbpp.
14. XZv hnjvtWmx ]caw ]Zw kZm]iyn
kqcbx Znhoh NpcmXXw.
15. XZzn{]mtkm hn]- \ythm PmKyhwkx kantX
hnjvtWm bXv ]caw ]Zan-tXyXn hmWm \pim
\anXn tZhm\pimk\ anXyp ]\nj-Xv.
hnjvW-hns B ]ca]Zs ]Ise- t]mse
kv]jvSambnmWp m\nI {_m\w {]m]nv
{_n Xs ebnpp. CXp XsbmWv hnjvWp
hns ]ca]- Zw. CXpXsbmWv \nhmWmIamb
m\w CXpXs thZm\pimk\w Fv D]-\nj- v.
kvItm]-\njv kam]np.
Q
I K
N P
833
kzkwthtZym] \njv
1
3
Hmw. kthjmw {]mWn-_pZv _pZm\mw \nc
RvP\mhymarX \nt[m hneb hnemkx nXn
hnPrw`tX. tXjmtah ]p\`h\w t\m Clmkv Xn.
k bYm arXv ]nWvtU LSm\mw Xtm hSm\mw
Xssb-thXn `hn. hkv XptXm t\m ]mZm\-aX
Gh t\m]mZ aX Gh \ \nan aX Gh \
hnZym \ ]pcmWw t\m thZmt\Xn lmkm CXn \
PK- ZnXn \ {_m t\m hnjvWpx \mY cpt{Zmt\
iztcm \ _np \ ItaXn At{K-a[ymhkmt\
k ssh bYm- h- nXw bYm- h- nX m\w
tXjmw t\m `hXymKa ]pcm-tW-Xnlmk [
imkvt{Xjp IrXm`nam\mkvtX. bm\n Xp apKv[
Xcap\n i_vZhmssNyx Poh_pZv_pssZx cNnXm
\oXn `h X{X {]mamWyw XmZrim\mta-h. tX
XXz - m- t\- \m- hrXmx kXy- t\\ K`m- kv X-
Zvt]yj tmtIm `hXn. XZ{X tmtIm `hXn.
{_amIp Pemibn PohnIfmIp Ipanf
I Dmbn AXn Xs hnebw {]m]npp. {]IS
ambn kXy-ambn `hnp- XmWv. {_eo-\ambno-cp
- Xn\v ]noSv P\nt BhiyapmIpn. an\p
apsImpmpv IpSn\pw \qen\pw \qepsImp
mp hkv{Xn\pap Ahmhnti- j- amWv . Pohn
Ipw {_- n\pw Xn- ep- Xv B \ne- bn
t\mptm hnZym]pcmW, CXnlmk Ch
bvsmpw imizXamb kbn. As\ kqvaambn
Nnnptm {_mthm hnjv Wpthm Cuiz-ct\m
_npthm Ietbm Hpansv ImWmw. a[ymh
bntem Aymhbntem Ahv bYmhnXnXamb
m\w e`npn. ImcWw Ah BK-a-fnepw
]pcmW- - fnepw CXnlmk-fnepw [imkv {X{K--
-fnepw A`nam\w hlnpIam{Xw sNpp. ap\nI
F t]cn Adnb-sSp shdpw Xp_pZv_pZ
am{XamW- h. ]Wv UnXmsc`nam\np Ah an
hmdpw Am\nI Xs. hfsc {]bmksv Ipsd
{K-fnse Adnhpt\Spp. ]t bYmn
Ah Am\n apgpIngnbpp. AXv hyam
p {]amWnItmIapv. kwKXn hyamWv.
Cl tX\m]ymt\\ t\m
InnXv AY bYmhnX mt\\ InnXv
t\Xn XZkvXn XZkvXn bmkvXn \mkvXn
XXv ImeImIanZw kz`mhm Iw
tNXn \ kpIrXw t\m ZpjvIrXw
AXGh kptacp ZmXmtcm hm
tKmLv ss\x ]pcm]m Kx kpcm]m\w
]iy- tXlsscx ]tcm- lsscx hm
Kpcp]m-]\njvssTx k]m]- \njvssT
kam\kvX GtX ssX \
Kux \ {_mWx \ kpcm \
]iy- tmlc \ ]tcm- lcx \
Kpcp]m]m\n \ eLp]m]m\n aXw
Xnjv Tmx AX Gh \ \nhmWw
t\m \ncb CXn XZt]yj tmtIm `hXn.
ChnsS Am\w sImtm bYm-hnXamb
m\wsImtm henb {]tbmP\sampan. kbp
Xpw kbnmXpsamw kXy-amWv. Fmw Ime
Im- - Ihpw kz`m- hm- - I- hp- am- Ip- p. ]pWytam
]m]tam C. AXn\m almtacp ]hXw Xs Zm\w
sNp-hcpw ]ipm\w sNp- hcpw {_lXymc\pw
aZy- ]m\nbpw KpcpXev]- imbnIfpsamw XpeyamWv. Fm
hcpsSbpw nXn Hp Xs. kIeXpw Imehi- amWv.
Bmhv CXn- s\ms D]- cn- bm- Ip- p. {_- n
]ipthm {_mWt\m aZy-]m\ntbm Hpan. sNdnb
]m]tam henb ]m]tam Hpan. tamtam \cItam
Hpw bYm- nen. CXv hyhpamWv.
XXzm\w Kplmbw \nhnjv Sw
Am\nIrXamw krjvS hZn
tX X{X km`nam\mx ht ]pjv]n
Xh-Nt\\ tamln-XmkvtX `hn. k bYm
Xpcm`njKv {KlW Imte _mem AYYym-lnX
KpUmZn\m. P\\ym hmZy- NrXm CXn \m\m tZhXm
Kpcp- I Xo \njv Tm tX `h- n. tI
NnZzbw sshZnIm CXn hZn. \mt\y Akva`yw.
tI NnZzbw khim- kv {Xm CXn. tI NnXv
hbw khm- \p- {Kl hx tINn- Zzbw kz]v t\
D]mky tZhXm `mjnW. tI NnXv hbw tZhm CXn
tI NnXv hbw {inhZv cam caW \fn\ `rwKm CXn.
tI Nnp \rXyp. tINnXv aqJm hbw ]ca
`w CXn. hZtm cpZtm ]Xn N. tbm tI
N \ tX tI kth]y- m\n\x tX Xp m\n
t\m `hn tb XXzm\n \-ssXjvXjmw
tIm hntijx aX Gj tIjmw NnXv ssInZ
t`Zx aX Gh b{X hn cn hn jv Wp cp{Zm
Cuiztc Kn Xss{Xh izm t\m KZ- `m.
I K
N P
834
amPmcm, {Ia-a aX Gh \m izm\ K`u
[mX N \ Iranx t\mam \ a[yam \ PL\ym
XZt]yj tmtIm `hXn.
XXzm\w Hcp {]Imcn AImcmhrXam
Wv. Am\nIfpsS ams AXv Nnetm sa
sav ]d-bpp. ImcW Ah AhcpsS am-n A`n
am\w sImpp. apKv[hN\-fm Ah tamlnXcm
Ipp. Fmw At\Iw tZhXI Kpcpm k
Xo- XpSnbhsb {]Ionpp. D
Xm\fnep taml- amWv Chsc Hmtcmntev \bn
p- Xv. A- am IpnIsf sImv acpp IpSnnm
icbpw apw Xnm sImSpmsav {]tem`nnp
Itbm acpv a[pc]Zm s]mXnp sImSpp
Xp t]msetbm BW-Xv. Nne sshZnIcmsWv ]d-
bpp. Nne X tZhmcpsS Ir]m]m{X- fmsWv
]d-bp-p. kz]v\-n X- fpsS D]m-ky-tZ-h-msc
ImWm Ign-npsv Nne AhImi-s- Spp.
Nne tZhmsctmse P\- fm ]qPns-Spp. alm
hnjv WphmIp XmacbpsS tX \pIcp hpIfmWv
X- sfv Nne ]d-bpp. Nne `m{K-WnIsf \ne
bn Icbpp. \rw sNpp. bYmn Ch
cn ]ecpw Am\nIfmWv. m\nIsfpw XXz
m\nIsfpw ]d- bp Chcn BcmWv t{ijvT?
Bcpw t{ijv Tmcs- XmWv ]camw. {_hnjvWp
atlmizcmcpw IoSfpw sNspXv Htc m\
msW-p- XmWv . ]camw. ]nbmbmepw IgpXbm
bmepw IoSambmepw kam\w Xs. Fmw D-a-
Xs. Cmcyw {]knamWv.
\ X_vZx \ Inw i_vZx \ kth i_vZmx
\ amXm t\m ]nXm \ _px\ Pmbm \ ]pt{Xm
\ an{Xw \ kth XYm ]n km[ssIcm kzcq
]w. thZnXpanZv`n Pohpapp `nx kx tkhymx
`mcym ]pt{Xm Krlw [\w khtX tZym tZbw
Im ssZzXw \ Imcyw `mh ssZzXw Imcyw \n-
tb\ khm ssZzXw I-hyw. Kpcu ssZzXa
]iyw Imcyw. btXm \ Xkv am Z\y- Xv . tX\
kanZw {]IminXw. tIm\yx XkvamXv ]cx kPo-
hptm `hXn. k Pohptm `hXn. b Ghw
thZ b Ghw thZ.
AXv X_v Ztam Inwi_vZtam i_vZtam thsd GsX
nepw i_vZtam A. A, A, ktlmZc, `mcy,
]p{X, an{Xw, CsXmpan. Fm km[Imv X-
fpsS bYm kzcq]w a\nemm\p B{K- l-ap-
XpsImv, Pohptbm k-\sf tkhnt
Xmhiy-amWv. `mcy, ]p{X, _p, kIeXpw ]c
am kmao]yn\mbn ssI shSntbXmbn hcpw. I
ssZzXa `mhssZzXamWv ssIsmt-Xv. khm
ssZzX `mhamWv Bhiyw. AtX L- n ssZzX `mh
hpw Bh-iy- amWv. ImcWw KpcpapJmnc-amWv. Cu
kwkmcsbpw ]c{_- sbpsamw ]q-ambn Adn
bm Ignbp- Xv . bYm- n kZvKpcphns\m hep
Xmbn Hpan. Cu XXzw icnp a\nemp- h
Pohp\mbno- cpp.
kzkwthtZym]- \n- jv kam]np.
Q
khktcm]\njv
1
3
imn ]mTw
Hmw. kl\mhhXp. kl \u `p\p. kl
hocyw Ichmhssl. tXPkzn\mh[o-XakvXp. am
hnZzn jmh ssl. Hmw imnx imnx imnx
]c{_w Kpcpinjy- mcmb R- cpt]scbpw
cns. R cpt]-scbpw ]cn]mens. R
cpt]cpw Hcpanv IgnhpI ]mens. R cp
t]cpw Hcpanv IgnhpI t\Ss. R-fpsS A[y-b\w
tXPkznbmIs. R ]ckv ]cw Ielnm\nShcm
Xncns. Hmw. imnx imnx imnx
1. Hmw _x IYw? tamx Im? hnZym Im
hntZyXn? Pm{KXv kz]v \ kpjp]v Xw Xpcobw
NIYw? A- abx { ]mW- atbm at\m- atbm
hnm\ abx B\ abx IYw? Im Pohx
I K
N P
835
t{Xx kmo IpStm cymao IYw?
{]XymKmm ]camm ambm tNXn IYw?
_w FmWv? tamw FmWv? hnZy AhnZy
Ch FmWv ? Pm{K-Xv, kz]v\w kpjp]v Xn Xpcobw Fo
\mev AhIsfmWv? A-abw {]mWabw, at\ma
bw, hnm\abw, B\abw Fo Ap tImi- -
sfmWv? Imhv Poh t{X, kmn, IqS
A- cyman ChbpsS A- samWv ? AXpt]mse
Pohmmhv, ]cammhv amb Cu XXz- sfmWv?
2. Btiztcm \mt\m tZlm Zo\m tXz\m
`na\y tX tkm`nam\ Bt\m _-kv Xn
hr- n tam- kv X- Z- `n- am\w Imc- bXn bm km
hnZymtkm `namt\m bbmZn \nhtX km
hnZym
Cuizc\pw Poh\pw BmhpXs-sbnepw GsXm
mtWm BmhmXv A-s\bp ico-cn
Poh\v Rms\ `mhw DmIpp. AXpXs- bmWv
Pohs _\w Cu Alw- `mhw \in- p- I- bmWv
tamw. Cu Alw`mhw krjvSnpXv AhnZy-bmIp
p. hnZysImv Cu Alw`mhw CmXmIpw.
3. a\ BZn NXp Zi ImcssWx ]pjvIsse cmZn
Xym- Zy\p KrlossXx i_v Zm- Zo hn j- bm
pem\y tZm]me-`tX XZmt\mPmK- cWw. XZzm
k\m clnX-Xp`nx IcssWx i_vZmZy `mth
]n hmk\mabm i_vZmZo- \ytZm ]e`ytX XZm
\x kz]v \w NXpZ- i- I- ctWm ]c- am- Zzn- tij
hn m- \m- `m- hm- ZyZm XZm- \x kpjp- ]v Xw,
Ahm{Xb `mhmZv, `mhkmn kzbw `mhm`m
hc lnXw ss\ccyw ssNIyw bZm XZm Xp
cobw ssNX\yanXypNytX.
Bmhns Pm{K-Zh Fp ]d-bp- Xv , kqcy- Zn
tZhmcpsS inbm a\v, _pn, Nnw, Al-m
cw, ]v C{nb- Fns\ ]Xnmep ImcW--
fm Bmhv GXv AhbnemtWm i_v Zkv]imZn
qehnj- b- {KlnpXv AXp Xs. i_vZmZn
qehnj- - fnsnepw Pm{K- Zmhbn tijn hmk
\I \nanw a\p XpSnb ]Xnmep IcW
aptJ\ i_vZmZnhmk\m hnj- b-sf Poh {Klnp
p. apv kqNnn ]Xnmev C{nb-fpw imambn
o- Xn\ptijw GsXmchbnemtWm hntijm
\lo-\Xbm i_vZmZn hnj- bsf {KlnmXncpXv
B kab-p Bmhns Ahsb kpjp]vXn
Fv ]d- bpp. Cu aqv AhIfpsSbpw Dev]-m
ebw Fnh AdnbpXpw kzbw Dev]-mebw Fn
hbvv \nccw AXo-XambncnpXpw \nXy-kmn
ssNX\yambncnp- XmWv Xpcob ssNX\yw. B Ah
bvv Xpco- b- sav ]d- bpp.
4. A ImcymWmw jmw tImim- \mw. kaq-
tlmabx tImix CXypNytX. {]mWmZn NXp
Zi hmbpt`Zm A- ab tImti bZm ht
XZm {]mW abx tImti CXypNytX. GXXv tImi-
Zzb kwbptm a\x BZn NXp`nx IcssWx
Bm i_vZmZn hnj-bm kev]mZn [m\yZm
ItcmXn XZm at\mabx tImi CXypNytXx GXXv
tImi-{Xb kwbp kvXZv KX hntijm hnti-
jtm bZmh `mktX XZm- hn- m\ abx
tImix CXyNyptX. GXZv tImi- NXpjv Sbw kzIm
cW-mt\ hS IWnImbmanhKp]vX hShrtm
bZm htX XZm\abx tImi CXypNytX.
A-ab-tImi- sap ]d- bpXv A-m Dm
Ip tImi-fpsS kaql-cq-]amb ico-csbmWv.
{]mW XpSnb ]Xnmep hmbp Cu A-ab-
tImin IqSn k-cnptm AXns\ {]mWab
tImisav ]d-bpp. cptImi-- fpsSbpw Dn Ign
bp a\v XpSnb ]Xnmep IcW aptJ\
Bmhv i_vZmZn hnj- b--sfpdnv Nnnptm
AXns\ "at\mab-tImiw' Fv ]d-bpw. Cu aqp tImi-
- tfmSpw IqSntv Bmhv _pnsImv NnesXmw
Adnbpp. Cu _pnab-kzcq]s hnm\ab tImi
sav ]d- bpp. apIfn kqNnn \mep tImi- -tfm
SpIqSn Bmhv Acbmens Ipcphn KqV-ambn nXn
sNp t]cm acw t]mse kzImcWw AdnbmXncn
ptm DmIp Ahsb B\abtImi- sav
hyhl-cn-pp.
5. kpJ- ZpxJ _pym{itbm tZlmx ImbZm
XtZjvS hnjtb _pn kpJ- _pnx c\njvShn
jtb _pn ZpxJ_pnx i_vZkv]i cq]-ck
Kmx kpJ ZpxJ tlXhx ]pWy ]m]- Im\p
kmco- `qXzm {]m]vX ico- c-k-ntbm- K-a- {]m]v X
ico- ctbmK- anh IphmtWm bZmZriyt XtZm]-
lnX Xzm oh CXypNytX.
kpJw, ZpxJw ChbpsS ZrjvSnbn Dn cpNnIc
amb hkvXphns\nbp B{K-lamWv kpJ-_pn.
AcpNnIc-fmb hkvXpkev ]- amWv ZpxJ-_pnkpJ-
{]m]vXnpw ZpxJ- \nhmcW- n\pw thn Poh ]e
Ifpw A\pjvTnpp AXp \nanw AXns\
Imhv Fp ]d-bpp. i_v Zw, kv]iw, Kw, cq]w,
ckw Fo Aphnj-b- sf A\pk- cnp Bmhv
{]m]n icockwtbmKs A{]m]vXsa \nebn Icp
Xpp. Atm AXns\ D]m[nap Poh Fv ]d-
bpp.
6. a\ BZn {]mWmZn-kXymZn CmZn-
]pWymZnsstX ]hmx CtXy- tcmjmw-]-
hm- Wmw- [o `qXm m\m- Zr- tX\ hn\-
I K
N P
836
iyXn B- k- n- [u- \n- Xy- tXz\ {]Xob am\
Btm]m[ncy- kvXnwKw icocw lrZv{K- ncnXyp
Nyp- tXX{X bXv {]Im- itX ssNX\yw kt-
{X CXypNyptX
a\v XpSnbhbpw {]mW XpSnbhbpw kXzm
ZnIfpw CmZnIfpw ]pWymZnIfpw ChbpsS ]-kaq
ls ]- hw Fv ]d-bpp. Cu ]-h [
tmSp IqSnb- h\mbn Pohmmhv AdnbmsX Xs
AXn \nv tamN\w t\Sm iamIpn. Bm
hnt\mSp tNncnpp. Fv tXmnp a\v XpS
nb kqvaXXz-fpsS D]m[nsb enwK-i-cocsav ]d-
bpp. AXpXs lrZb{K- n. AXn\pnep ssNX
\ys t{X Fv ]dbpp.
7. mXrm\t-bm\m am hn `mh Xntcm
`mh- mXm kzb- tahm hn `mh Xntcm- `mh
lo\x kzbw tPymXox kx kmo- Xyp- NytX
{_mZn ]n]oenIm ]cyw kh{]mWn _pnjz
hn in - jv S- Xtbm ]e- `y- am\x kh {]mWn - _p-
nt bZm XZm IqS CXypNytX. IpSm
Zyp]- lnX t`Zm\mw kzcq]- em`tl- Xp `qXzmaWn
KW kq{X-anh kh t{Xjzn\p kyqX-tXz\
bZm {]Im- iX Bm- X- Zm- - cym- ao- Xyp- Nyp- tX.
kthm]m[n hn\n apx kph- hZznm\
L\- n - m- {X- kz - cq] Bm kz X- t{m- bZm
h`mktX XZmXzw ]Zmx {]XyKmt XypNy-
tX.
Adnh; Adnhv, Adntb-Xv ChbpsS Dev]-
nembmZnI Adnnpw kzbw Dev]-neb-clnX
ambncnp Bmhns\ kmn Fv ]d-bpp. {_m
hpapX Ddpphscbp kh PohnIfpsSbpw _pn
bn \nhknpXpw AhbpsS qekqv amZn tZl
n\v \miw DmIptm Ftm _mnbpsv
tXmp-XpamWv IqSs\v ]d- bs-Sp- Xv. IqS
XpSnb D]m[n t`Z-fn \nv kzcq]w Adnbm
Fm icocfpw NcSn appI t]mse tIms-
ncnp Bmhns\ A- cymansbv ]d- bpp. kIe
D]m[nIfn \nv apambpw kzw t]mse hnm
\{]-ImiIambncpv NnXv kzcq]ambncnp Bmhv
kzX{-ambn {]Imin-p-tm Xze_vZhzmNyamb
{]XyKmmshv ]d-bpw.
6. kXyw m\- a- \- - am- \w {_ kXy- a- hn-
\min \matZi ImehkvXp \nantjp hn\iyXv
kp b hn\- iyXy Ahn\in XXv kXy- anXyp
NytX. m\- am- Xyp- ev ]n hn \m- i- c- ln Xw
ssNX\yw m\anXy `n[o-b-tX. A\w \ma
ar- Zz o- Im- tcjp arZn h kph hnIm- tcjp
kph-anh XpIm-tcjp Xpcnhm hymZn
krjvSn {]]- tjp ]qhw hym]Iw ssNX\y- a
\ anXypNytX. B\tm \ma kpJ ssNX\y
kzcqt]m A]- cnanXm\ kapt{Zm hninjv S kpJ-
cq]- m\ CXypNytX. GX ZzkvXp NXpjvSbw
bky eWw tZk- Im- e- hkv Xp \nan- tjp
Ahy`nNmcn k XXv ]Zmx ]camm]cw {_
tXy- NytX Xzw ]ZmZu ]m[nImXv ]Zm
Zu]m- [nIm Zzne- W BIm- i- hXv kh- KXx
kqv ax tIhex km-amt{Xm kn ]Zmx
kzbw tPymXn cmXypNytX XXv ]Zm- m
tXypNy- tX. A\mZnc hn{]- amWm {]amW
km[mcWm \ kXo-\mkXo \ kZkXn kzb-a
hnImcmZznImctlXu \ncq]y- amtW AkXn A\n
cq]yamtW kXn e-W-iq\ym km amtb-XypNy
tX.
kXyw, m\w, A\w, B\w Cu kzcq]-am-
h\pw kItem]m[n clnX\pw ISIw aIpSw XpSnb
D]m[nsbmpanmh\pw tIhew kzw t]mse
m\ssNX\y kzcq]- \pambncnp Bmhv `mk-
am\ambncnptm "Xzw' F t]cn\m Adnb- s- Sp
p. {_w kXyhpw A\hpw m\kz-cq]- hpamWv.
Ahn\minbmbXns\ kXy- sav ]d-bpp. tZiw, Imew
hkvXp, \nanw Ch \inmepw bmsXmv \inpI
bn. AXns\ Ahn\minsbv ]d- bpp. Dev]-nebw
XpSnb CmXpw \nXy ssNX\y- hpamb HmWv
m\w. apsImp XoIpSw apXembhbn ap
t]msebpw B`cW--fn kz- sa-t]msebpw hkv{X
-fn \qev F- t]msebpw Fm krjvSnbnepw ]q-
ambpw hym]-Iambpw Ccnp ssNX\yw A\sav
]d- b-s-Spp. GsXmv kpJ-ab-ssNX\y kzcq]hpw
Ccnp AXv ]cam\w Fv ]d- b-s- Spp. kXy,
m\w, A\w, B\w Fo \mep hkvXpfpw
BcpsS e- W- amWv. tZiw, Imew, hkvXp FnhIfm
GsXmv ]cnh\ hnt[b-amIpn, AXp Xs
bmWv XXv ]Zm-satm ]cammshtm ]d-b-s-Sp
-Xv. "Xzw' Fpw "XXv ' Fpw D cp ]Zm- fpw
tkm]m[nIamb t`Z-fn\npw hn`n-amb BImi-
stmse kpkqvahpw tIhekzcq]- hpamb XXzw
]c{_w Fv ]d-b-s-Spp. A\mZnbmsW-nepw A-
apXpw Ak-mXpw kZvk-mXpw kzbw
G-hpa-[nIw hnIm-c-c-lnXambn ImW-s- Sp- Xpamb
inbmWv amb.
Am\w Xpm ]y kXn Ime{Xtb ]n
]macmWmw hmkvXho N kXzm _pn euInIm
\man-ZanXy \nhN\obm hpw \ iIy- tX.
CXpt]msebmsX aphn[n AXns\ hn
m hnj-aamWv. amb Am\cq]hpw Xphpw anYy-
bpamsW-nepw ]macmv {XnIme-fnepw hmkv Xh
I K
N P
837
ambn tXmp- XmWv . AXpsImv AXns kzcq]w Cu
hn[sav ]dv AXns kz`mhw a\nemn sImSp
m {]bmkamWv .
9. ss\hw `hmaylw tZtlmt\{nbmWn Zssih
Xp\ _pn \a\x iizmlmc kv X ssYh N
10. A{]m- tWm- ly- a\x ipt{`m- _p- ym- Zo\mw ln
khZmkmylw khZm \nXy-nmt{Xw lw
\ kwibx
11. \mlw Im ss\h t`mm{]-IrtXx kmo
cq]Imx aXv kmn[yXv {]ht tZlymZym
APUm Ch.
Rm P\npn. Rm tZltam ]v C{nb-
tfm _pntbm a\tm A. \nXymlmchpa. Rm
A{]mW\pw Ah\kv I\pw ip kzcq-]-\pamIpp;
Rm _pn XpSnb- hv kmnbpw kZm Nnkz
cq]-\pamWv . CXn kwi-b- an. Rm Imthm
t`mmthm A tIhew {]IrXnbpsS kmnam{Xw.
Fs kmao-]y-m tZlmZnIv ssNX\y-ns
{]Xo- XnbpmIpp. Fs kmn[ym tZlmZnI
P]--fm hn[w {]hnpp.
12. mWp \nXyx kZm\x iptm m\-a
tbmaex Blw kh`q-Xm\mw hn`px kmn
\ kwibx
13. {_sshmlw kh thZm thZyw
\mlw thZyw thymahmXmZncq]w cq]w \mlw
\ma \mlw \ I {_sshmlw
knZm\ cq]w
14. \mlw tZmtlm P- arXyp IptXmta
\mlw {]mWx pXv ]m]- tkIptXm ta\mlw
tNXx tkmItamlu IptXm ta
\mlw Im _tam uIptXmta.
CXyp-]- \njXv
Rm kv YmWphpw \nXy\pw kZm\\pw ip\pw
m\a-b\pw Aa-e\pw kh`q-Xpw hn`phpw
\ne\pamb BmhmWv Rm. BImiw hmbp Fn
hsb-tmse Rm Adnb-sSp hkvXph. Rm
cq]tam \matam Iatam A. tIhew knZm\ kzcq
]- amb {_amIpp. Rm tZla, F\nv P\\hpw
acWhpw FhnsS?
Rm {]mW\, F\nv hnipw Zmlhpw FhnsS
bmWv ? Rm tNX- - . F\nv timI- tam- l-
FhnsS? Rm Imh F\nv _tam-- sf
hnsS?
khkmtcm]- \njv kam-]np.
Q
lwtkm]\njv
1
3
imn ]mTw
Hmw. ]q-aZx ]q-anZw ]qmXv ]q-
apZNy- tX. ]qky ]q-amZmb ]q-ta-hmh
injy- tX. Hmw. imnx imnx imnx
Hmw. Cu {_w ]q- amIpp. Cu PKv ]q-
amIpp. Cu ]q- {_-n \npamWv Cu ]q-
{]-]w Dmbnp- Xv . Cu ]q {_n\nv Cu
]q-{]]s FSpmepw ]q-{_w Xsbm
W- hti- jnp- Xv .
1. Hmw. KuXa DhmN ""`K-h kh [,
khimkv{X-hnimcZ {_hnZym {]t_mt[mln
tIt\m ]mtb\ Pmb-tX.
k\pPm-Xt\mSv KuXa ]dp: ""`K-hms\,
Av kIe [-fpsSbpw aw [cnnph\pw
kIe imkv{X- fnepw ]WvUnX\pamW- tm. {_ hnZym
m\w GXp D]mbw sImv km[nmsav F\np
]dp XcWw.''
I K
N P
838
2. k\Xv kpPmX DhmN hnNmcy kh thtZjp
aXw mXzm ]n\mIn\x ]mhXym IYnXw XXzw
irWp KuXa X- a.
k\Xv kpPmX ]dp: "kIe thZ- fpsSbpw
A`n{]mb- adnv inh ]mhXnp]- tZinp sImSp
Imcy Rm ]dbmw. tIpw.'
3. A\m-tJymb- anZw Kplyw tbmKn\mw tImik
n`w lwkky KXnhnkvXmcw `pn apn ^e
{]- Zw.
cl-kyamb CXv AtbmKyv ]d-psImSpmhp
-X. tbmKnIv \n[nt]msebmWv CXv . lwkns
AXmbXv Bmhns KXn hnKXnIsfn {]Xn]mZn
p Cu hnZy `napn {]Zmbn\nbmWv.
4. AY lwk ]calwk \nbw hymJymkymax
{_- Nm- cntW immb Zmmb Kpcp- `- mb
lwk lwtkXn kZm Abw kthjp tZtljp
hym]v Xm- h- tX. bYm- hyn x Imjv tTjv T
Xntejp ssXeanh Xw hnZnXzm arXyp atXyXn.
C\n lwk ]calwk \nb-sn N \S
mw. {_Nmcnbpw im\pw PntXnb\pw Kpcp`
\pamb-hs apn lwk]-calwk cl- ky- {]I
SnnpIbmWpNnXw. kakvX ico- cnepw Cu Poh
"lwkw' "lwkw' Fp P]npsImv hnd-In Xosb
t]msebpw Fn F-sb t]msebpw hym]nncn
pp. Cu clkyw Adnbp-h arXyphns\ AXnew
Lnp- p.
5. KpZ- ta- hjp`y B[m- cm- Zzm- bp- apm ]ykzm[n-
jvTm\w {Xnx {]ZnWo IrXy aWn]qcIw KXzm
A\m- l- X- a- Xn- {Iay hnipu {]mWm- n- cp[y
Bma\p[ym-b {_c{w \ymb {Xnam
t{XmlantXyhw khZm[ymb tYm \mZam[m
cmXv _ln {_ c{ ]cyw ipkv^-SnI
kmiw k ssh {_ ]camt XypNy- tX.
KpZs BIjnv B[mc N{Inse hmbphns\
shfnbntev hnSpI. ]ns kzm[njvTm\ N{Is aqp
{]ZnWw shbvpI. aWn ]qcN{In t]mbn A\m
l-XN{Iw AXn{IanWw. A\cw hnipN{In
{]mW \ntcm[nv BmN{Iw [ym\npsImv
{_c{s [ym\n--Ww. Cs\ {Xnam{X-\mb
Bmhv Rm Xs BsWv kev]npd-m kz
kv ^SnI kmkamb Bmhns A\p`qXn DmIp
sav ]d- b-s- Spp.
6. AY lwk Ejnx AhyKmb{Xn Ox ]ca
lwtkm tZhXm Al- anX _oPw, k CXn inx
tkmal- anXn IoeIw. jSvkwJybm Atlmcm{X
tbmtcI hnwiXn kl{kmWn jSv iXm\yZn Im\n
`h-n.
kqcymb tkmamb \ncRvP\mb \ncm`mkmb
X\p kqvax {]tNm-Z-bm-ZnXn Ao-tjmam`ymw
huj-SvlrZmZywK \ymkIc\ym ku `hXx Ghw
IrXzm lrZtb jvSZtf lwkmm\w [ymtb-Xv.
Ao- tjm- au- ]m HmwImc intcm- _np
kvXp t\{Xw apJw cpt{Zmcp{ZmWo NcWu-_mlp
Imemmntmt` ]mtiz `hXx Gtjmku
]c- a- lw- tkm- `m\p tImSn- {]- Xn- Imtim tbt\Zw
hym]vXw. Xkym-jvS-hn[m hrn `h-Xn, ]qh
Zte ]ptWy- aXnx Bttb \n{Zm- e- kym- Ztbm
`hn bmtay {Iqtc aXw ss\x EtXy ]mt]
a\ojm hmcpWymw {IoUm hmbthy Ka\m Zu
_pnx kutay cXnx {]oXnx Cuimt\ {ZhymZm\w
at[y sshcmKyw tIktc Pm{K- Z-hm I-
Imbmw kz]v \w enwtK kpjp]v Xnx ]XymtK
Xpcobw bZm lwtkm \mtZ eot\m `hXn XZm
XpcymXo-Xap- \-\aPt]m] kwlmcanXy`n [ob-
tX, Ghw khw lwkhimkvamt\m hnNm
cy-tX.
ChnsS lwkw Ejnbpw Ahy-Kmb{Xn Opw
tZhX ]calwkhpw Alw_oP cq]hpw kp in
cq]hpw tkmlw IoeIhpamIpp. Cs\ Cu Bdp
kwJy-aptJ\ Hcp cmhpw ]Iepw Ccp]-nHmcmbncn
Adp\qdp {]mhiyw izknsSpp. kqcymb tkmam
b, \ncRv P\mb, \ncm`mkmb, X\p kqvax {]tNmZ
bmX, CXn Aotjmam`ymw hujS F a{w P]np
sImv lrZbw XpSnb AwK- - fpsSbpw Ic- fpsSbpw
\ymkw sNWw. AXn\p tijw AjvSZftmSp IqSnb
lrZb- Iaen lwkmmhns\ [ym\nWw. An
bpw tkma\pw Cu lwkns ]- - fmIpp. Hmmcw
akvXIhpw _npt\{Xhpw cp{Z apJhpw cp{ZmWn Ccp
NcWfpw Imepw cp ssIIfpw An Ccp]miz-
fpamIpp. kKpWhpw \nKpWhpw cp ]miz-fm
Wv. C- s\bp ]calwkw tImSn kqcy\p kaw {]Im
i- hpw khhym]nbpamWv. AXns hrnI Fp
hn[nemWv. Cu Fs- - nepw AXv ]qhZni- bn
nXnsNptm \n{Zbpw Bekyhpw DmIpp.
ZnWZnibn nXnsNptm {IqcXbn a\v
hym]- cnpp. \ncrXn tImWnembncnptm _pn
]mt]mpJ-amIpp. ]naZnibnemIptm {IoUbpw
hmbp tImWnembncnptm kmcIu- XpIhpw Dm
Ipp. hSp ZnnemIptm hnj- bm`ncpNnbmWv.
Cuim\n {]hrn; a[y-nemIptm sFlnI
]mc{XnI Imcy- fn sshcmKyw Ch DmIpp. lwkm
Iamb Cu Bmhv lrZbIaens tIk- cnen
I K
N P
839
cnptm Pm{K-Zh; IIbnembncns kz]v\m
h; a[y- m\mbncns kpjp]v Xn; lrZb- Iaew
shSnbptm Xpco-bmh A\p`hs- Spw. AXv \mZ
n ebnptm XpcobmXo- X, D-\, APt]m]-
kwlmc Fo t]cpIfn Adnb-sSp. Cs\
lwkn\v Fm `mh- fpapv. AXn\v a\n Nnm
i- nbpw kw`-hnpp.
7. k "Gh' P] tImSyw \mZ- a\p `hXn Ghw
khw lwk- h- im- mtZm Zi- hnt[m Pbm- tX,
NnWoXn {]Yax NnnWoXn ZznXob-x Lm\mZ
kv Xr- Xobx iwJ- \m- Z Xpx ]a kv {Xo
\mZx jjvTkv Xme \mZx k]vXtam thWp\mZx
Ajv Stam arZwK-\mZx \htam t`co- \mZx Zitam
taL-\mZx \haw ]cnXyPy Zita ta hm`y- tkXv.
Cu lwkw tImSn P]nptm AXn\v \mZns
A\p`hapmIpp. Cu kIe \mZfpw lwkn\
[o\amWv . Ah ]phn[amWv . HmatXv NnWn; cm
atXv NnnWn; aqmatXv Lm\mZw; \mema
tXv iwJ- \mZw; AmatXv X{o-\mZw; Bdma
tXv Xmf\mZw; GgmatXv thWp\mZw; FmatXv
arZwK\mZw H]XmatXv t`co-\mZw; ]matXv
taL -\mZw; Chbn BZys H]Xpw Dt]- nv
]matXv am{Xw A`y- knWw.
8. {]Ya NnnWn Km{Xw ZznXotb Km{X `RvP\w
XrXotb tJZ\w bmXn NXpt ItX incx
]ta {khtX Xmep- j- jvT- arX \ntj- hw.
k]v Xta KqV- hnm\w ]cm hmNmXYm-jv Sta
AZriyw \hta tZlw Znhy Npmaew Ziaw
]caw {_ `thXv {_m kn[u Xkvan
at\m hneo- btX a\kn kev]- hnIevt] ZKvt[
]pWy- ]mt] kZm- inhx iymm kh- {Xm- h-
nXx kzbw tPymXn iptm _ptm \ntXym
\ncRvP\x imx {]ImiX CXn. Hmw. thZ{]- h
N\w thZ {]hN\an-Xn.
Hmas \mZ{]- `m-hm icocw NpdpNpdpp
-Xmbno-cpw. cmatXn\m Km{X`wKw kw`-hn
pw. aqmatXn\m hnbpmIpw. \mematXn
\m incxI\w; AmatXn\m Xmephn \nv
{kmhw; BdmatXn AarXhjw; GgmatXn
KpV- hnm\w; Fn ]cmhmNw; H]Xn icocw
AZriyamm\p Ignhv ; AtXmsS ZnhyZrjvSnbpw. ]m
atXn\m ]c{_-m\w. Atm a\v lwk
n ebnpp. kev] hnIev]- a\n hnebw
{]m]nm ]m] ]pWy- \miw; Atm lwkw kZminh
cq]nbmbn, kzbw tPymXnx kzcq]- ambn \nXy-\ncRv P\
ambn {]mImiabambnocppshv thZn ]dbpp.
lwtkm]- \njv kam]np.
Q