OSTEOLOGI

dr. Al-Muqsith

Anatomy Department of Medical Education Unit
Malikussaleh University
BENTUK
Tulang Panjang (long bone)
ex : os humerus, os femur
Tulang pendek (short bone)
ex : ossa carpalia
Tulang ceper/gepeng (flat bone)
ex : os parietalis
Tulang tak teratur bentuk ( irregular bone)
ex : os coxae
Tulang berongga
ex : os maxilla, os ethmoidale
FUNGSI
Memberikan bentuk tubuh
Menunjang berat badan
Tempat perlekatan otot
Melindungi alat-alat tubuh yang lunak
Pergerakan, ex : melalui persendian
Membentuk sel-sel darah
Depot zat-zat kimia, ex : Ca, P, Mg
STRUKTUR
Axial Skeleton
Appendicular Skeleton
Tulang pendengaran
Axial Skeleton
1. Cranium/skull (21)
A. Neurocranium
B. Viscerocranium (splanchnocranium)
2. Columna vertebralis (5)
3. Costae (24)
4. Sternum (1)
- manubrium
- corpus
- proc. Xiphoideus / proc. ensiformis

Appendicular Skeleton
Extremitas Superior (64)
Extremitas Inferior (62)

Tulang Pendengaran
Os Malleus (martil) (2)
Os Incus (landasan) (2)
Os Stapes (sanggurdi) (2)
Cranium/skull
A. Neurocranium
- os frontalis (1)
- os parietalis (2)
- os occipitalis (1)
- os ethmoidalis (1)
- os sphenoidalis (1)
- os temporalis (2)
B. Viscerocranium / splanchnocranium
- os zygomaticus (2)
- os lacrimales (2)
- os nasalis (2)
- os vomer (1)
- os concha nasalis inferio (2)
- os palatinum (2)
- os maxilla (2)
- os mandibula (1)
Columna vertebralis
Vert. cervicales (7)
- VC I : Atlas
- VC II : Epistropheus
- VC VII : Prominens
Vert. thoracales (12)
Vert. Lumbales (5)
Vert. Sacrales (5) (1)
Vert. coccygeus (3-4) (1)
Costa
Costae verae (sejati)
7 pasang
Costae spuria (palsu)
3 pasang
Costae fluctuantes (melayang)
2 pasang
Extremitas Superior
Os scapula (2)
Os clavicula (2)
Os humerus (2)
Os ulna (2)
Os radius (2)
Os carpalia (2)
- naviculare manus / scapoid (2)
- lunatum / semilunar (2)
- triquetrum / cuneiform (2)
- pisiformis (2)
- multangulum manus / trapezium (2)
- multangulum minus / trapezoideum (2)
- capitatum / magnum (2)
- hamatum / unciform (2)
Ossa metacarpalia (10)
Phalanges (28)
Os sessamoid
Extremitas Inferior
Os coxae (2)
Os femur (2)
Os patella (2)
Os tibia (2)
Os fibula (2)
Ossa tarsalia
- thalus (2)
- calcaneus (2)
- naviculare pedis (2)
- cuneiform I / medialis / primum (2)
- cuneiform II / intermedia / secundum (2)
- cuneiform llI / lateralis / tertium (2)
- cuboideum (2)
Ossa metatarsalia (10)
Phalanges (28)
Os sessamoid