EMPOWERS Approach To Water Governance Guidelines, Methods, and Tools

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Patrick Moriarty, CharIes atcheIor, Firas 7. Abd-AIhadi
Peter Laban, Hazem Fahmy
Produced by LMPOwLPS, a pro[ect co-funded by
the Luropean Unlon MLDA water Programme
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Peter Laban, Hazem Iahmy
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Source Documents Descrlptlon Concepts, methods and tools
Outputs and outcomes:
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Guldellnes, methods
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A strategic approach
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Guldellnes, methods
and tools: Chapter 5
A water governance tooIbox
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Improved water governance
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1
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Ministry of water resources
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Mlnlstry of water
resources/MDAs
AMA acts as
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Local
Assem-
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Leglslators
Pegulator
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Donor
Agencles
Pesearch &
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Consumer
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NGOs waterAld
Some elements of
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Connlctlng gures, dlnerent
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make thelr research known
Donor agencles glve
fundlng. Strong
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water dlrectlons
Control
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Dependency (lncludlng producer
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Introduction - What this book sets out to do 1
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Chapter 1. Improved water governance 5
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Chapter 2. Overview of the approach 9
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Chapter 5. Methods and tooIs for the MPOWRS approach 51
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7ooIs for participatory Iearning and action 63
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Appendix 1. xampIes from MeithaIoun viIIage, PaIestine 135
Appendix 2. Acronyms and gIossary of terms 144
Ac.cryns 144
C|css..y c| to.ns 145
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ccnp|ox t|onos c| ..to. gcvo.r.rco .rJ |rtog..toJ \.to. |oscJ.cos V.r.gonort (|\|V)
|oy ..o p..t|cJ|..|y .o|ov.rt |c. t|cso .|c ..rt tc |r|t|.to .rJ |.c|||t.to c|.rgo p.ccossos tc
|np.cvo |cc.| ..to. gcvo.r.rco \o bo||ovo t|.t, sc |crg .s t|cso .|c ..o |o.J|rg t|o p.ccoss
|.vo . ||g| |ovo| c| toc|r|c.| .rJ |.c|||t.t|cr c.p.c|ty, t|oso gJ|Jo||ros .||| |o|p tc .c||ovo
c|.rgo O| ccJ.so, . |..no.c.k c.rrct .c||ovo .ryt||rg by |tso|| .rJ |s cr|y Jso|J| |r t|o |.rJs
c| pocp|o .|t| ccnn|tnort .rJ sk|||s
|o gJ|Jo||ros |.vo boor oxtors|vo|y tostoJ .|t||r v|||.gos .rJ tc.rs |r |gypt, 'c.J.r .rJ
|.|ost|ro .|t| pcpJ|.t|crs ..rg|rg |.cn . |o. t|cJs.rJ tc 30,000 |r|.b|t.rts |oy |.vo .|sc
boor tostoJ .t t|o |ovo| c| J|st.|cts c. gcvo.rc..tos .|t| pcpJ|.t|crs c| 200,000300,000 pocp|o
\|||o t|oy |.vo rct boor tostoJ |r |..go. c|t|os, c. .og|crs, t|o.o |s rc .o.scr tc bo||ovo t|.t t|o
.pp.c.c| .cJ|J rct bo sJ|t.b|o |r |..go. .Jn|r|st..t|vo Jr|ts, .s |crg .s t|o |Jn.r .rJ ||r.rc|.|
.oscJ.cos ..o oxp.rJoJ .ccc.J|rg|y |ovo.t|o|oss, |t s|cJ|J bo rctoJ t|.t |r goro..| t|o |..go.
t|o pcpJ|.t|cr, t|o nc.o ccnp|ox t|o |ssJos p..t|cJ|..|y t|cso .o|.t|rg tc t|o .op.osort.t|cr
c| J|||o.ort g.cJps .rJ |rto.osts Scno ccnpcrort p..ts c| t|oso gJ|Jo||ros ..o .J.pt.t|crs
c| .o||p.cvor not|cJc|cg|os |.cn t|o ||o|Js c| p.coct n.r.gonort, bJs|ross n.r.gonort
.rJ .J..| Jovo|cpnort, .rJ t|oy bJ||J cr gJ|Jo||ros Jovo|cpoJ cr |rtog..toJ \.to. |oscJ.cos
3
V.r.gonort (|\|V) by t|o ||
1
|r 1998, .rJ t|o |AA|S gJ|Jo||ros
2
, .|Jo|y JsoJ |c. st.ko|c|Jo.
.r.|ys|s |r .g.|cJ|tJ..| krc.|oJgo .rJ |r|c.n.t|cr systons
|o gJ|Jo||ros ..o Jos|groJ |c. Jso |r p.ccossos c| p|.rr|rg .rJ J|.|cgJo .|t||r .rJ bot.oor
|cc.| .rJ |rto.noJ|.to |ovo|s |r ct|o. .c.Js, . p.ccoss |rvc|v|rg nc.o t|.r cro v|||.go c. tc.r,
|r J|.|cgJo .|t| .rJ sJppc.toJ by |rto.noJ|.to |ovo| st.ko|c|Jo.s .|c ..o |r tJ.r |rvc|voJ |r
t|o|. c.r p.ccossos |c.ovo., o|onorts c| t|o gJ|Jo||ros ..o .pp.cp.|.to |c. Jso |r st.rJ.|cro
.ct|v|t|os .|t||r . s|rg|o nJr|c|p.||ty c. gcvo.rc..to
1
| CJ|Jo||ros |c. ..to. .oscJ.cos Jovo|cpnort cccpo..t|cr 1998 c...Js sJst.|r.b|o ..to. .oscJ.cos n.r.gonort
A St..tog|c App.c.c| |Jb||s|oJ |C |ovo|cpnort .rJ |C |xto.r.| |o|.t|crs .rJ |c.t|ScJt| ccpo..t|cr
2
|rgo|, |.J| C .rJ S.|cncr, V| 199 |AA|S .oscJ.co bcx, |ot.c.k|rg |c. |rrcv.t|cr, A p..t|c|p.tc.y .ctc.c.|ortoJ
not|cJc|cgy |cy.| .cp|c.| |rst|tJto, || |.oss, Ansto.J.n
Av.||.b|o .t |ttp//...k|tr|/sn..ts|tos|tn|`c||Ab|J4616|..t|oscJ.cos
CHecer ^
5
Clpcr. |rprc\c vcr _c\rrrc
|oso gJ|Jo||ros ..o |rtorJoJ tc sJppc.t . p.ccoss c| c|.rgo tc |np.cvo ..to. gcvo.r.rco,
p..t|cJ|..|y .t |rto.noJ|.to |ovo| .rJ |cc.| |ovo| ||s c|.pto. p.cv|Jos . b.|o| cvo.v|o. c| t|o
ccrcopt c| ..to. gcvo.r.rco .rJ .|y |t |s |npc.t.rt A |J||o. J|scJss|cr c.r bo |cJrJ |r t|o
ccnp.r|cr b.ckg.cJrJ .rJ koy ccrcopts vc|Jno
3
by |rto.noJ|.to |ovo|s, .o no.r t|.t |.yo.
c| gcvo.r.rco (gcvo.rnort, |rst|tJt|crs .rJ c|v|| scc|oty bcJ|os) t|.t |Jrct|cr bo|c. r.t|cr.|
|ovo| bJt .bcvo |cc.| |ovo| |r v..|cJs ccJrt.|os, t|oso |rto.noJ|.to |ovo|s ..o krc.r .s p.cv|rcos,
.og|crs, J|st.|cts c. gcvo.rc..tos by |cc.| .o no.r v|||.go, tc.r .rJ ccnnJr|ty |ovo|
Vlc i vcr _c\rrrc
\.to. gcvo.r.rco |s t|o sot c| systons t|.t ccrt.c|s Joc|s|cr n.k|rg .|t| .og..J tc ..to.
n.r.gonort .rJ ..to. so.v|co Jo||vo.y S|np|y pJt, ..to. gcvo.r.rco |s .bcJt .|c gots .|.t
..to., .|or .rJ |c. SJc| Joc|s|crs c|tor ccrt.|r . p.c|cJrJ|y pc||t|c.| o|onort, p..t|cJ|..|y
.|o.o t|o.o |s ccnpot|t|cr |c. ||n|toJ ..to. .oscJ.cos As . .osJ|t, systons c| ..to. gcvo.r.rco
JsJ.||y .o||oct pc||t|c.| .rJ cJ|tJ..| .o.||t|os .t r.t|cr.|, |rto.noJ|.to .rJ |cc.| |ovo|s
|o.o |s . g.c.|rg JrJo.st.rJ|rg t|.t gcvo.r.rco c| ..to. .oscJ.cos .rJ ..to. so.v|cos
|Jrct|crs nc.o o||oct|vo|y .|t||r . syston .||c| or.b|os b.c.J p..t|c|p.t|cr by c|v|| scc|oty,
|rc|JJ|rg ccnnJr|ty b.soJ c.g.r|s.t|crs (bOs), |COs, p.|v.to orto.p.|so .rJ t|o noJ|.,
rot.c.k|rg tc sJppc.t .rJ |r||Jorco gcvo.rnort, |rc|JJ|rg |cc.| gcvo.rnort |r p..ct|co,
t||s no.rs t|.t |c.Jns .|o.o st.ko|c|Jo.s J|scJss .rJ ccno tc ccrc|Js|crs rooJ tc bo
st.orgt|oroJ, c. ovor ost.b||s|oJ, .t J|||o.ort |ovo|s .rJ stops rooJ tc bo t.kor by gcvo.rnort
tc orsJ.o t|.t t|oso st.ko|c|Jo. p|.t|c.ns p|.y . p.cn|rort .rJ .ct|vo .c|o |r systons c| ..to.
gcvo.r.rco |o ost.b||s|nort c| st.ko|c|Jo. p|.t|c.ns |s J|scJssoJ |r |.pto. 2
Vly vcr _c\rrrc rccr
As ccnpot|t|cr |c. ..to. |rtors|||os, |t boccnos nc.o .rJ nc.o J||||cJ|t tc ||rJ s|np|o toc|r|c.|
sc|Jt|crs tc ..to..o|.toJ p.cb|ons |rc.o.s|rg|y, sc|Jt|crs |rvc|vo t..Joc||s bot.oor boro||ts
.rJ ccsts |c. J|||o.ort g.cJps, .||c| .o,J|.o n.r.gonort c| Jon.rJ .rJ or|c.conort c|
.ogJ|.t|crs |oso t..Joc||s |.vo . nJc| botto. c|.rco c| bo|rg .ccoptoJ || t|oy ..o |Jort|||oJ
.rJ |np|onortoJ .s p..t c| . syston c| |np.cvoJ |cc.| ..to. gcvo.r.rco t|.t |s |ccJsoJ cr
.JJ.oss|rg p.cb|ons .rJ |np.cv|rg so.v|co Jo||vo.y, .rJ || st.ko|c|Jo.s ..o .ct|vo|y |rvc|voJ |r
t|oso p.ccossos
3
Vc.|..ty, |.t.|ck, b.tc|o|c., |..|os, |.b.r, |oto., |.|ny |..on (200) |o |V|O\||S App.c.c| tc \.to. Ccvo.r.rco
b.ckg.cJrJ .rJ |oy crcopts
6
Jl rir ccriLOc cf ffcci\ vcr _c\rrrc
|||oct|vo ..to. gcvo.r.rco .o,J|.os . pc||cy orv|.crnort t|.t p.cnctos Jocort..||s.t|cr,
.rJ t|o ccnb|roJ ccnn|tnort c| .o|ov.rt gcvo.rnort Jop..tnorts .rJ c|v|| scc|oty .ctc.s,
|rc|JJ|rg t|o p.|v.to soctc. A|t|cJg| t|o.o |s rc s|rg|o ncJo| |c. o||oct|vo ..to. gcvo.r.rco,
t|oso gJ|Jo||ros ..o b.soJ cr |Jort||y|rg |cJ. |npc.t.rt .tt.|bJtos
- Integrated management
|oc|s|cr n.k|rg s|cJ|J t.ko p|.co .|t||r .r |rtog..toJ \.to. |oscJ.cos V.r.gonort
(|\|V) |..no.c.k ||.|cgJo |s ||g||y Jos|..b|o bct| |c.|.crt.||y bot.oor st.ko|c|Jo.s
.t t|o s.no |ovo| (og |rto.soctc..| p|.rr|rg), .rJ vo.t|c.||y bot.oor st.ko|c|Jo.s .t
ccnnJr|ty, J|st.|ct, b.s|r .rJ st.to |ovo|s
- Participatory processes
A|| c|t|.ors, nor .rJ .cnor, pcc. .rJ .o||c||, s|cJ|J |.vo . vc|co |r n.r.gonort
p.ccossos, o|t|o. J|.oct|y c. t|.cJg| c.g.r|s.t|crs .op.osort|rg t|o|. |rto.osts
- 7ransparency
|r|c.n.t|cr s|cJ|J ||c. |.oo|y bot.oor st.ko|c|Jo.s, .|||o Joc|s|crs .rJ Joc|s|crn.k|rg
p.ccossos s|cJ|J bo t..rsp..ort .rJ cpor tc pJb||c sc.Jt|ry
- A focus on poverty reduction
\.to. n.r.gonort .t .|| |ovo|s s|cJ|J bo .||groJ .|t| pcvo.ty .oJJct|cr st..tog|os |r
n.ry c.sos, t||s .o,J|.os . ||g|o. Jog.oo c| p..t|c|p.t|cr by pcc. .rJ n..g|r.||soJ pocp|o
|r p|.rr|rg p.ccossos, .rJ . .occgr|t|cr c| t|o |npc.t.rco c| n.k|rg ..to. .v.||.b|o |c.
sn.||sc.|o p.cJJct|vo Jso
Vly lccl rc ircrrcic l\l vcr _c\rrrc
|oso gJ|Jo||ros |ccJs cr ..to. gcvo.r.rco p.ccossos t|.t ..o t|o .ospcrs|b|||ty c| Joc|s|crs
n.ko.s .t |cc.| |ovo| (|o |rJ|v|JJ.|s, |cJso|c|Js, v|||.gos .rJ tc.rs) .rJ .t |rto.noJ|.to |ovo|
(|o J|st.|cts, gcvo.rc..tos c. o,J|v.|ort st.JctJ.os |r o.c| ccJrt.y)
|oc|s|crs .bcJt ..to., |ts Jovo|cpnort .rJ Jso, c.r rovo. bo .|c||y |cc.|, c. |rJooJ .|c||y
r.t|cr.| CccJ ..to. gcvo.r.rco .o,J|.os . sot c| ||rkoJ .rJ rostoJ |rst|tJt|crs |.cn |cc.| tc
r.t|cr.| .rJ |rto.r.t|cr.| |ovo|s
OJ. |ccJs |s cr |cc.| .rJ |rto.noJ|.to |ovo| ..to. gcvo.r.rco |c. t|.oo .o.scrs
\o bo||ovo t|.t t|o .g.oonort .rJ |rvc|vonort c| ..to. Jso.s |s ossort|.| || ..to.
n.r.gonort |s tc bo sJst.|r.b|o
|o v.st n.c.|ty c| J.ytcJ.y Joc|s|crs ..cJrJ t|o p.cv|s|cr c| ..to. so.v|cos ..o t.kor .t
|rto.noJ|.to c. |cc.| |ovo|s
7
VJc| c| t|o cJ..ort |ccJs cr ..to. gcvo.r.rco .rJ |rtog..toJ ..to. .oscJ.cos n.r.gonort
|.s boor ||g||y ccrcoptJ.| c., || p..ct|c.|, |.s .JJ.ossoJ |ssJos .t |..go (|rto.r.t|cr.|,
r.t|cr.|, .|vo.b.s|r) sc.|o
|o.o |s . goro..| |.ck c| p..ct|c.| tcc|s |c. |np|onort|rg ..to. gcvo.r.rco, p..t|cJ|..|y .t t|o
|cc.| |ovo| |oso gJ|Jo||ros |o|p tc |||| t||s g.p
CHecer G
9
Clpcr L. C\r\iv cf cl pprccl
|oso gJ|Jo||ros p.cv|Jo . |cg|c.| .rJ p..ct|c.| sot c| p.ccossos .||c|, || |c||c.oJ by
st.ko|c|Jo.s, .||| |o.J tc p..ct|c.| cJtpJts |r t|o |c.n c| ..to. Jovo|cpnort st..tog|os, p|.rs
.rJ .ct|v|t|os, .rJ tc |np.cvoJ ccnnJr|c.t|cr .rJ Joc|s|cr n.k|rg
.kor tcgot|o. t|o gJ|Jo||ros p.cv|Jo . |..no.c.k by .||c| . |.c|||t.t|cr to.n c.r gJ|Jo
|rto.noJ|.to .rJ |cc.| |ovo| st.ko|c|Jo.s t|.cJg| . st.JctJ.oJ p.ccoss c| p|.rr|rg .rJ
st.ko|c|Jo. J|.|cgJo
Ecllclcr cilc_O rc ccrcrcc ccicr
|o ||.st p|||.. c| t|o .pp.c.c| |s . p.ccoss c| st.ko|c|Jo. J|.|cgJo .rJ ccrco.toJ .ct|cr (S|A),
.||c| |s cort..| tc |np.cv|rg |cc.| ..to. gcvo.r.rco ||s |s t.Jo .t .|| |rst|tJt|cr.| |ovo|s
(r.t|cr.|, |rto.noJ|.to, .rJ |cc.|)
|o cc.o bo||o| JrJo.|y|rg t|oso gJ|Jo||ros |s t|.t .o|| |r|c.noJ ..to. st.ko|c|Jo.s .|c
ccnnJr|c.to o||oct|vo|y .|t| o.c| ct|o. cr . .ogJ|.. b.s|s .||| ||rJ |cc.||y .pp.cp.|.to sc|Jt|crs
tc p.oss|rg ..to. .o|.toJ p.cb|ons St.orgt|or|rg ccnnJr|c.t|cr bot.oor st.ko|c|Jo.s
or.b|os t|on tc t.ko .ct|cr t|.t |s nc.o o||oct|vo St.ko|c|Jo. J|.|cgJo .rJ ccrco.toJ .ct|cr
|np||os t|.t ycJ krc. .|c t|o koy st.ko|c|Jo.s ..o, .rJ t|.t t|o.o |s . st.ko|c|Jo. p|.t|c.n
.|o.o t|oy ccno tcgot|o. tc .r.|yso p.cb|ons, .g.oo . ccnncr v|s|cr, .osc|vo J|||o.orcos
.rJ .g.oo cr ccc.J|r.toJ .ct|cr |r ct|o. .c.Js, t|oso t||rgs |.ppor by .r c.g.r|soJ p.ccoss
|rst|tJt|cr.||s|rg t|o p.ccoss c| S|A |s t|o.o|c.o . n.c. p..t c| .c||ov|rg |np.cvoJ ..to.
gcvo.r.rco
|o ost.b||s|nort c| st.ko|c|Jo. p|.t|c.ns c.||s |c. ccrs|Jo..b|o o||c.t |.cn st.ko|c|Jo.s .rJ
|.c|||t.tc.s, .s st.ko|c|Jo.s |.vo . .|Jo ....y c| |rto.osts .rJ nct|v.t|crs, .rJ J|||o.|rg |ovo|s
c| pc.o. |r p..t|cJ|.., orsJ.|rg t|o .ct|vo |rvc|vonort c| t|o pcc.ost .rJ ncst n..g|r.||soJ
nonbo.s c| t|o ccnnJr|ty c.||s |c. JoJ|c.toJ .oscJ.cos .rJ .ttort|cr |oso p.ccossos
.o,J|.o oxpo.t |.c|||t.t|cr .s Josc.|boJ |r |.pto. 3 |r p.|rc|p|o, t|o S|A p.ccoss .|ns tc
|Jort||y .rJ st.orgt|or (.rJ, .|o.o rocoss..y, |r|t|.to) st.ko|c|Jo. p|.t|c.ns .t |cc.| .rJ
|rto.noJ|.to |ovo|s .rJ tc orsJ.o sncct| ||c.s c| ccnnJr|c.t|cr .|t||r .rJ bot.oor
t|oso |ovo|s (||gJ.o 2) |rsJ.|rg t|.t t|o p|.t|c.ns .rJ p.ccossos c.o.toJ |c. |np.cvoJ
J|.|cgJo ..o n.|rt.|roJ |r t|o |crgto.n |s .r |npc.t.rt o|onort |r orsJ.|rg |np.cvoJ
..to. gcvo.r.rco
l0
Iigure 2: 7ypicaI stakehoIders in water governance at different institutionaI IeveIs. 7he process faciIitation team
enhances communication and diaIogue within and between stakehoIder pIatforms at different IeveIs.
|r goro..|, sJccoss|J| S|A p.ccossos ccno |.cn JrJo.st.rJ|rg t|o |c||c.|rg
|.t . sJ|||c|ort Jog.oo c| st..tog|c ccrsorsJs |s ossort|.| b.soJ cr
cnncr ccrco.rs .ncrg .o|ov.rt st.ko|c|Jo.s,
S|..oJ .rJ .g.ooJ st..tog|os,
A Jos|.o |c. .ct|vo cccpo..t|cr
|c.ovo., bJ||J|rg st.ko|c|Jo. p|.t|c.ns |s rct o.sy .rJ ccrsorsJs |s t|o oxcopt|cr |o
bo|.v|cJ. c| nonbo.s torJs tc bo cppc.tJr|st|c .rJ t|o ox|storco c| J|vo.gort .|ns .rJ
bo|.v|cJ. .ncrg st.ko|c|Jo.s nJst bo .rt|c|p.toJ
Sk|||oJ |.c|||t.t|cr |s rooJoJ tc .c||ovo ccrsorsJs .rJ tc orsJ.o t|.t ccnnJr|c.t|cr |s
n.|rt.|roJ bot.oor .|| st.ko|c|Jo.s
Ccvo.rnort, c|v||
scc|oty, Jr|vo.s|t|os otc
|cc.| gcvo.rnort, ||ro
n|r|st.|os, p.|v.to
soctc., |COs, otc
Intermediate IeveI
pIatform
NationaI IeveI
pIatform
LocaI IeveI
pIatform
Process
faciIitation
team
|.c|||t.t|cr
|ccJnort.t|cr
oc|r|c.| sJppc.t
.p.c|ty bJ||J|rg
|||o.ort ..to. Jso.s
Vor, .cnor
||c|, pcc.
bOs otc
ll
|r_rrc cycl
|o soccrJ p|||.. c| t|o .pp.c.c| |s . n.r.gonort cyc|o, .||c| |.s s|x p|.sos, .rJ .||c|
st.JctJ.os .rJ gJ|Jos t|o p.ccoss c| S|A
|o |cg|c .rJ so,Jorc|rg c| t|o cyc|o |o|p tc orsJ.o t|.t Joc|s|crs ..o b.soJ cr . c|o.. .rJ
|cg|c.| ||c. c| t|cJg|t .rJ .ct|cr |oy .|sc |ccJs t|o p.ccoss c| J|.|cgJo cr t|o |Jort|||c.t|cr
.rJ |np|onort.t|cr c| spoc|||c .ct|v|t|os .rJ cJtpJts A|t|cJg| t|o Jso c| n.r.gonort cyc|os
|r ..to. n.r.gonort |s rct ro., t||s .pp.c.c| J|||o.s |.cn ncst |r n.ry .ospocts, |rc|JJ|rg
|o |JrJ.nort.| |npc.t.rco c| st.ko|c|Jo. |rvc|vonort JJ.|rg .|| p|.sos, .rJ
|xp||c|t .ckrc.|oJgnort c| t|o Jrco.t.|rty t|.t ox|sts |r ro..|y .|| .spocts c| ..to. so.v|co
Jo||vo.y .rJ ..to. .oscJ.co n.r.gonort, ospoc|.||y |JtJ.o Jon.rJ ||s c|.||orgo |s
|.rJ|oJ by |rcc.pc..t|rg scor..|c bJ||J|rg |rtc .o|ov.rt p|.sos c| t|o cyc|o
As s|c.r |r ||gJ.o 3, t|o s|x p|.sos c| t|o n.r.gonort cyc|o ..o
Phase 1: Visioning
Phase 2: Assessing
Phase 3: Strategising
Phase 4: PIanning
Phase 5: ImpIementing
Phase 6: RefIecting
RefIecting
ImpIementing
PIanning
Strategising
Assessing
Visioning
Iigure 3: 7he phases of the management cycIe
l2
Iigure 4: An overview of the phases together with typicaI inputs, activities and output reIated to each one. 7he
management cycIe and these phases are expIored in detaiI in Chapter 4, whiIe detaiIs of tooIs and methods
required in the activities are provided in Chapter 5.
|r p..ct|co, t|oso p|.sos J|v|Jo |rtc t|.oo n.|r c|Jsto.s
Visioning, Assessing, and Strategising: Ar |rtors|vo, t|no ||n|toJ po.|cJ c| |r|t|.| .ct|v|ty,
typ|c.||y |oss t|.r s|x ncrt|s, JJ.|rg .||c| . s|..oJ noJ|Jn tc |crg to.n v|s|cr .rJ .
st..togy |c. ..to. Jovo|cpnort ..o c.o.toJ ||s c.||s |c. st.crg |.c|||t.t|cr
PIanning and ImpIementing: Ar |rJo||r|to po.|cJ |r .||c| J|||o.ort .spocts c| t|o st..togy
..o p.|c.|t|soJ, p|.rroJ |r Jot.|| .rJ |np|onortoJ
RefIecting: ||s |s p.osortoJ .s . J|sc.oto p|.so |c||c.|rg |np|onort.t|cr .rJ |ooJ|rg
b.ck |rtc v|s|cr|rg |c.ovo., .o||oct|rg |s . ccrt|rJcJs p.ccoss
|.cb|on
|Jort||c.t|cr
|ovo|cp . SVA|
v|s|cr
|Jrct|cr.| st.ko|c|Jo.
p|.t|c.n
SVA| v|s|cr |c.
t|o Jcn.|r c| |rto.ost
Ag.oo cr
Jcn.|r(s) .rJ
sc.|o(s)
c| |rto.ost
.o.to . st.ko|c|Jo.
p|.t|c.n
|.cb|on .r.|ys|s .rJ
cppc.tJr|ty
|Jort||c.t|cr
A...oross ..|s|rg .rJ
|r|c.n.t|cr s|..|rg
V.r.goJ .rJ
s|..oJ |r|c.n.t|cr b.so
Ag.oonort .ncrg
st.ko|c|Jo.s cr t|o
cppc.tJr|t|os |c.
t.ck||rg ..to..o|.toJ
p.cb|ons .|crg .|t|
pctort|.| .|sks .rJ
ccrst..|rts
.o.to . ccnncr
|r|c.n.t|cr b.so
\.to. .JJ|t|rg
Ar.|ys|s tc tost .|ot|o.
st..togy(|os) |.vo
pctort|.| tc .c||ovo v|s|cr
|| rocoss..y,
ccr||ct .osc|Jt|cr
Ar .g.ooJ sot c|
r....t|vo scor..|cs
|| rocoss..y, . .ov|soJ
SVA| v|s|cr |c. t|o
Jcn.|r c| |rto.ost
Ag.oonort .ncrgst
st.ko|c|Jo.s cr
. st..togy c. sot
c| st..tog|os t|.t
|.vo pctort|.| tc
.c||ovo t|o SVA|
v|s|cr
St..togy Jovo|cpnort
t.k|rg .cccJrt
c| scor..|cs
|....t|vo scor..|c
bJ||J|rg
|.cJJco ccst|rgs,
.c.k sc|oJJ|os otc
|ssJo ccrt..cts
.p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort
A Jot.||oJ .c.k p|.r(s)
A |r.rc|.| p|.r
.rJ .pp.cv.|s
rooJoJ tc ccnnorco
|np|onort.t|cr
|| .o|ov.rt .g.ooJ
ccrt..cts, ||| p|.rs,
V| p|.rs .ry
ct|o. cJtpJts .o|.toJ
tc ncb|||s.t|cr
c| .oscJ.cos
|Jort||y .c|os
.rJ .ospcrs|b|||t|os
c| st.ko|c|Jo.s
ct|o. .ctc.s
So|oct .ct|v|t|os
not|cJs .rJ tcc|s
St.ko|c|Jo. J|.|cgJo
.rJ .osc|Jt|cr
c| J|spJtos
A...oross ..|s|rg
.rJ |r|c.n.t|cr s|..|rg
cnp|otoJ .c.k
p.cg..nno
St.ko|c|Jo.s .|c
|.vo t.kor c.ro.s||p
c| t|o .c.k
V| JccJnort.t|cr
SJpo.v|s|cr .rJ
p.cg.oss ncr|tc.|rg
|np|onort.t|cr
c| p|.rs
|c||c. Jp .ct|v|t|os
.|noJ .t orsJ.|rg
sJst.|r.b|||ty
..rsp..orcy .rJ v.|Jo
|c. ncroy .r.|ys|s
|ccJnortoJ |osscrs
.og..J|rg cJtccnos
.rJ p.ccossos |c||c.oJ
Sot c| t..rsp..orcy
.rJ v.|Jo |c. ncroy
JccJnorts
|ooJb.ck
J|sson|r.t|cr c|
|osscrs |o..rt tc
.|| st.ko|c|Jo.s
|cst |np|onort.t|cr
.ov|o.
Phase 1
Visioning
I
n
p
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t
s

a
n
d

a
c
t
i
v
i
t
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O
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Visioning
Phase 2
Assessing
Assessing
Phase 3
Strategising
Strategising
Phase 4
PIanning
PIanning
Phase 5
ImpIementing
ImpIementing
Phase 6
Re0ecting
Re0ecting
l3
|o |Jo. c| . cyc|o .o||octs t|o .o.||ty t|.t gccJ |cc.| ..to. gcvo.r.rco |s .bcJt . ccrt|rJcJs
p.ccoss c| oxpo.|nort.t|cr, .J.pt.t|cr .rJ |o..r|rg, .||c| n.kos |t pcss|b|o tc ||rJ |cc.||y
.pp.cp.|.to sc|Jt|crs |crgto.n v|s|crs .rJ st..tog|os rooJ tc bo JpJ.toJ .ogJ|..|y b.soJ cr
ro. |r|c.n.t|cr .rJ t|o |np.cts c| .ct|v|t|os cr t|o g.cJrJ |o |Jo. c| scor..|c bJ||J|rg .|||
bo |rt.cJJcoJ nc.o |J||y |r |.pto. 4, .|or |t .||| bo soor t|.t t||s |s t|o not|cJ c| ||rk|rg
v|s|crs tc st..tog|os, .|||o oxp||c|t|y |rc|JJ|rg Jrco.t.|rty
||s p.ccoss |.ppors nc.o t|.r crco |r t|o cyc|o, .s v|s|crs .rJ st..tog|os ..o .JJstoJ tc noot
ro. .o.||t|os |.t|o. t|.r . sot c| .ct|v|t|os tc bo .c.koJ t|.cJg| crco, t|o cyc|o .op.osorts
. ro. ..y c| .c.k|rg, .|t| .r onp|.s|s cr . v|.tJcJs p.ccoss c| st..tog|c .rJ |rtog..toJ
p|.rr|rg |oJ by .r crgc|rg p.ccoss c| |o..r|rg |.cn oxpo.|orco |o .|n c| t|oso gJ|Jo||ros
|s tc onboJ t|o p.ccossos c| |rtog..toJ p|.rr|rg .rJ c|rt |o..r|rg .rJ t|o c.p.c|t|os .rJ
.tt|tJJos rocoss..y tc n.|rt.|r t|on .|t||r t|o J.y tc J.y .c.k c| st.ko|c|Jo.s
|o ccrcopts c| st.ko|c|Jo. J|.|cgJo .rJ ccrco.toJ .ct|cr .rJ t|o n.r.gonort cyc|o ..o
.o|.t|vo|y o.sy tc JrJo.st.rJ, bJt pJtt|rg t|on |rtc p..ct|co |s . c|.||orgo |.c|||t.t|cr to.ns
.o,J|.o t|no, sk||| .rJ po.sovo..rco tc bJ||J .o|.t|crs||ps .|t| st.ko|c|Jo.s, tc |rc.o.so ....oross
.rJ tc cvo.ccno .os|st.rco tc c|.rgo St.ko|c|Jo. .op.osort.t|vos .|c ..o .ct|vo|y |rvc|voJ |r
st.ko|c|Jo. p|.t|c.ns |.vo tc bJ||J ccrst.Jct|vo .o|.t|crs||ps .|t| ct|o. st.ko|c|Jo.s, n.ry c|
.|cn n.y |.vo ||n|toJ ccr||Jorco |r J|.|cgJo c. ||n|toJ c.p.c|ty tc org.go |r |t
|y iO ccrc ir cl pprccl
|o |V|O\||S .pp.c.c| t.kos .cccJrt c| . rJnbo. c| |npc.t.rt .rJ pctort|.||y J||||cJ|t
|ssJos |rt.|rs|c tc ..to. gcvo.r.rco
ScaIe, boundaries, and institutions
V.r.g|rg ..to. .oscJ.cos .rJ p.cv|J|rg ..to. so.v|cos |s ccnp||c.toJ by t|o r.tJ.o c| ..to.
.s . ||r|to bJt .oro..b|o .oscJ.co t|.t |s |r . ccrst.rt st.to c| ncvonort |o .ct|crs c| n.ry
|rJ|v|JJ.|s .t |cc.| |ovo| c.r, .|or v|o.oJ .t t|o |..go. sc.|o c| . .|vo. b.s|r c. .,J||o., |.vo
so.|cJs Jr|c.osoor rog.t|vo .osJ|ts (pc||Jt|cr, |.|||rg ..to. |ovo|s, otc) \.to. .|sc cJts .c.css
c.g.r|s.t|cr.| bcJrJ..|os, sJc| .s v|||.gos c. gcvo.rc..tos, .rJ |s t|o .ospcrs|b|||ty c| J|||o.ort
|rst|tJt|crs (gcvo.rnort Jop..tnorts, v|||.go ccnn|ttoos, otc) .t J|||o.ort |rst|tJt|cr.| |ovo|s
|o gJ|Jo||ros onp|.s|so ccnnJr|c.t|cr .rJ |r|c.n.t|cr s|..|rg bot.oor Jso.s .rJ
|rst|tJt|crs tc |o|p tc n.|rt.|r . b.|.rco bot.oor t||s ccnp|ox n|x c| |ssJos .o|.t|rg tc sc.|o,
bcJrJ..|os, .rJ |rst|tJt|crs A rJnbo. c| .r.|yt|c.| tcc|s ..o Jos|groJ tc |Jort||y t|o J|||o.ort
st.ko|c|Jo.s |rvc|voJ |r ..to. .rJ tc .r.|yso t|o|. .c|os, .rJ .ospcrs|b|||t|os
|o.o |s .r onp|.s|s cr orsJ.|rg t|.t .|.t |.ppors .t .ry g|vor |ovo| (|cc.|, |rto.noJ|.to,
r.t|cr.|) |s .o|ov.rt tc, .rJ |r|c.noJ by, .|.t t.kos p|.co .t ct|o. |ovo|s Spoc|.| .ttort|cr rooJs
tc bo g|vor tc orsJ.|rg t|.t t|o.o ..o o||oct|vo ||rk.gos bot.oor t|o |cc.| .rJ |rto.noJ|.to
l4
|ovo| p.ccossos |oso p.ccossos s|cJ|J |.ppor |r p...||o|, o.c| |ovo| |r|c.n|rg t|o ct|o. .|.t
|s |.ppor|rg .rJ .ct|v|t|os .t cro |ovo| |r||Jorc|rg .ct|v|t|os .t .rct|o. \|||o |t |s pcss|b|o tc
.c.k |r |sc|.t|cr .t |cc.| c. |rto.noJ|.to |ovo|, t||s |s Jr||ko|y tc |o.J tc t|o |JrJ.nort.| c|.rgo
.o,J|.oJ |r ..to. gcvo.r.rco
7rade-offs and confIicting goaIs
|r ..o.s .|t| ||g| |ovo|s c| ccnpot|t|cr |c. ..to., t|o.o ..o .|ncst .|..ys t..Joc||s bot.oor
t|o gc.|s .rJ .sp|..t|crs c| J|||o.ort st.ko|c|Jo.s |c. ox.np|o, p.cv|J|rg nc.o Jcnost|c ..to.
|c. t|o pcc. n.y no.r t|.t t|o.o |s |oss (c. nc.o oxpors|vo) ..to. |c. |..|g.toJ .g.|cJ|tJ.o
V.|rt.|r|rg occ|cg|c.| ||c.s |r . ..to. ccJ.so n.y .osJ|t |r |oss ..to. bo|rg .v.||.b|o |c. ct|o.
Jsos |oc|s|crs cr .|ot|o. (c. .||c|) t..Joc||s ..o .ccopt.b|o ..o pc||t|c.| Joc|s|crs |c.ovo.,
gccJ ccnnJr|c.t|cr, .rJ gccJ p|.rr|rg c.r .oJJco t|o n.gr|tJJo .rJ ccst c| . t..Joc||,
.|||o |np.cvoJ ccnnJr|c.t|cr .rJ t..rsp..ort Joc|s|cr n.k|rg c.r .|sc, tc scno oxtort, |o|p
tc .oJJco t|o pctort|.| |c. ccr|||ct ||s .no||c..t|rg o||oct s|cJ|J rct bo ox.ggo..toJ v..|cJs
|c.ns c| ccnpors.t|cr .||| rc.n.||y bo .o,J|.oJ
Information: quaIity, reIiabiIity, accessibiIity
Accoss tc .o||.b|o |r|c.n.t|cr |s . c.|t|c.| o|onort |c. noJ|.t|rg .rJ ccr|o..|rg pc.o. |r
|rto..ct|crs bot.oor st.ko|c|Jo.s |r goro..| .rJ, nc.o spoc|||c.||y, bot.oor gcvo.rnort .rJ
c|v|| scc|oty \|t|cJt |r|c.n.t|cr, Job.to |s Jr|r|c.noJ .rJ scc|oty |.s rc b.s|s tc c|.||orgo
|rcc..oct c. b|.soJ pcs|t|crs |||oct|vo p|.rr|rg .rJ ccr|||ct .osc|Jt|cr |s ro.. tc |npcss|b|o
|| st.ko|c|Jo.s .c.k .|t| J|||o.|rg po.copt|crs .rJ |r|c.n.t|cr +ot, sJc| s|tJ.t|crs ..o rct
Jrccnncr |c. ox.np|o, J|||o.ort gcvo.rnort Jop..tnorts, .|or .ttonpt|rg tc |rtog..to
p|.rr|rg p.ccoJJ.os, c|tor |.ck . ccnncr |r|c.n.t|cr b.so O|||c|.| |r|c.n.t|cr c.r .|sc bo
n.r|pJ|.toJ |c. .o.scrs c| pc||t|c.| oxpoJ|orcy, o|t|o. tc Jst||y p|.rroJ ccJ.sos c| .ct|cr c.
tc s|c. t|.t p.st pc||c|os .rJ .ct|crs |.vo boor nc.o sJccoss|J| t|.r ..s .ctJ.||y t|o c.so
|c. t|oso .o.scrs, t|o .ssossnort p|.so c| t|o n.r.gonort cyc|o p|.cos ||g| |npc.t.rco cr
ost.b||s||rg . ccnncr|y c.roJ .rJ t.JstoJ sot c| ,J.||ty |r|c.n.t|cr .s t|o b.s|s |c. Joc|s|cr
n.k|rg
Adaptive management
|o Jyr.n|c r.tJ.o c| t|o p|ys|c.| p.ccossos .rJ scc|ot.| .ospcrsos .o|.toJ tc ..to.
n.r.gonort pcsos . g.o.t c|.||orgo, ospoc|.||y boc.Jso c| t|o v..|.b|||ty |r ..to. .v.||.b|||ty
.rJ Jon.rJ |.cn yo.. tc yo.. .rJ bot.oor J|||o.ort ..o.s |rco.t.|rty |s goro..||y ||g|,
.|t| ccrt|rJcJs c|.rgos |r t|o .v.||.b|||ty c| .oscJ.cos, t|o ccrJ|t|cr c| |r|..st.JctJ.o .rJ
Jso. Jon.rJ |cc.| pcpJ|.t|crs c|tor .ospcrJ tc |c.cos t|.t ..o |.. boycrJ t|o ccrt.c| c|
gcvo.rnort Jop..tnorts c. ..to. n.r.gonort p.c|oss|cr.|s As . .osJ|t, ..to. n.r.gonort
p|.rs rooJ tc bo p.cb|on|ccJsoJ, Jyr.n|c |r r.tJ.o .rJ n.tc|oJ tc t|o spoc|||c c|.||orgos
|r .r ..o. |r ct|o. .c.Js, .pp.c.c|os .rJ |rst|tJt|crs rooJ tc bo .J.pt|vo, .rJ c.p.b|o c|
.ospcrJ|rg tc c|.rg|rg ccrJ|t|crs AJ.pt|vo n.r.gonort |s b.soJ cr .ccopt|rg t|.t |r
ccnp|ox s|tJ.t|crs t|o.o c.r rovo. bo sJ|||c|ort |r|c.n.t|cr tc .o.c| . sott|oJ cpt|nJn
Joc|s|cr |o onp|.s|s |s cr ||ox|b|o p|.rr|rg b.ckoJ by st.crg ncr|tc.|rg .rJ |r|c.n.t|cr
n.r.gonort systons t|.t .||c. ccrst.rt .J.pt.t|cr .rJ t|o Jpg..J|rg c| p|.rs .rJ .ct|v|t|os
l5
SJc| . |ovo| c| .ospcrs|voross |s cr|y pcss|b|o || |r|c.n.t|cr .rJ JpJ.toJ, .rJ || ncr|tc.|rg .rJ
ov.|J.t|cr systons ccrt|rJ.||y p.cv|Jo Joc|s|cr n.ko.s .|t| .o||.b|o |r|c.n.t|cr
|o Jso c| . n.r.gonort cyc|o, .rJ t|o st.crg onp|.s|s cr |r|c.n.t|cr n.r.gonort, |o..r|rg
.rJ .o||oct|rg |s Jos|groJ tc orsJ.o t|.t t|o koy |o.tJ.os c| .J.pt|vo n.r.gonort ..o bJ||t |rtc
|cc.| ..to. gcvo.r.rco
PoIicy aIignment
|c||c|os, |og|s|.t|cr .rJ ||sc.| no.sJ.os |.vo p.c|cJrJ o||octs cr .|.t |.ppors .t J|st.|ct .rJ
|cc.| |ovo|s, ncst |npc.t.rt|y |r sott|rg bcJrJ..|os |c. st.ko|c|Jo. |rvc|vonort |r Joc|s|cr
n.k|rg, .rJ |r c|o..|y ..t|cJ|.t|rg t|o|. .c|os .rJ .ospcrs|b|||t|os |t |s c.Jc|.||y |npc.t.rt t|.t
t|o.o |s .r .||grnort c| t|o pc||c|os, |og|s|.t|cr .rJ ||sc.| no.sJ.os t|.t |r||Jorco ..to.
n.r.gonort, so.v|co Jo||vo.y .rJ |ovo| c| Jon.rJ |oc|s|crs cJts|Jo t|o ..to. soctc., sJc| .s
t|cso .bcJt oro.gy p.|cos, t..Jo .g.oonorts .rJ pcvo.ty .oJJct|cr st..tog|os .|sc c|tor |np.ct
cr ..to. n.r.gonort .rJ Jon.rJ \|||o pc||cy .||grnort gcos boycrJ t|o sccpo c| t|oso
gJ|Jo||ros, |t |s . c.|t|c.| or.b||rg |.ctc. t|.t .||| .||oct ..to. gcvo.r.rco |r .ry ccJrt.y
Capacity and funding
|o .pp.c.c| cJt||roJ |r t|oso gJ|Jo||ros |s JoporJort cr .Jo,J.to |JrJ|rg .rJ c.p.c|ty
bo|rg .v.||.b|o, rct cr|y |c. ccrst.Jct|cr, bJt .|sc |c. .ct|v|t|os .sscc|.toJ .|t| ost.b||s||rg .rJ
|.c|||t.t|rg st.ko|c|Jo. p|.t|c.ns |r |.ct, t|o n.|r |rvostnort .o,J|.oJ |s tc Jovo|cp t|o c.p.c|ty
tc sJppc.t t|o st.ko|c|Jo. p|.t|c.ns .rJ t|o|. |rto..ct|crs ||s ccst |s b.|.rcoJ by |np.cvoJ
st.ko|c|Jo. bJy|r .rJ |rc.o.s|rg c.ro.s||p c| ..to. gcvo.r.rco .p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort |s
Jo.|t .|t| |r |.pto. 3
||r.||y, |t s|cJ|J bo onp|.s|soJ t|.t t|cso Js|rg t|oso gJ|Jo||ros s|cJ|J s|c. ||ox|b|||ty .rJ
.ospoct |c. t|o rooJs c| t|o st.ko|c|Jo.s .|to. .||, |t |s t|o|. p.ccoss |o p|.sos .op.osort,
.rJ ccrt.|bJto tc, . co.t.|r |cg|c .rJ ..y c| t||rk|rg |c.ovo., .|t||r .o.scr, t|o p.co .rJ
so,Jorc|rg c| J|||o.ort p|.sos .rJ .ct|v|t|os nJst bo J.|vor by t|o rooJs c| t|o st.ko|c|Jo.s
|o ncst |npc.t.rt t||rg |s t|.t t|cso |.c|||t.t|rg sJc| p.ccossos JrJo.st.rJ t|o cvo..|| |cg|c
c| t|o .pp.c.c|, .s .o|| .s t|o cboct|vos c| o.c| p|.so .rJ .ct|v|ty
CHecer O
l7
Clpcr E. Fciliccicr rc
cpcicy c\lcprrc
|cl cf fciliccicr cr
SJccoss|J| |np|onort.t|cr c| t|o |V|O\||S .pp.c.c| .o,J|.os |.c|||t.t|cr c| t|o t.|r
p.ccossos c| st.ko|c|Jo. J|.|cgJo .rJ cc||oct|vo .ct|cr (S|A) .rJ t|o n.r.gonort cyc|o
|t .|sc .o,J|.os t|o Jovo|cpnort c| c.p.c|ty .ncrg st.ko|c|Jo.s tc JrJo.st.rJ .rJ |J|||| t|o|.
.c|os .|t||r t|oso p.ccossos Spoc|.||sts .|c sJppc.t t|o S|A .rJ n.r.gonort p.ccossos,
.|sc rooJ tc bJ||J t|o|. c.r c.p.c|t|os || t|oy ..o tc bo o||oct|vo
.c J|st|rct p|.sos c| |.c|||t.t|cr .rJ c.p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort ..o orv|s.goJ |r t|o |r|t|.| p|.so,
st.ko|c|Jo.s ..o ccnp|oto|y ro. tc t|o .pp.c.c| .rJ .o,J|.o ccrs|Jo..b|o sJppc.t |.cn .
|.c|||t.t|cr to.n ||s |r|t|.| p|.so n|g|t |.st |c. 12 ncrt|s c. t|.cJg| tc t|o orJ c| t|o p|.rr|rg
p|.so c| t|o cyc|o, JJ.|rg .||c| t|no st.ko|c|Jo.s st..t tc t.ko c.ro.s||p c| t|o S|A .rJ
n.r.gonort p.ccossos |J.|rg t|o soccrJ p|.so, t|o |.c|||t.t|cr to.n p.cv|Jos ccrt|rJcJs
bJt |c.o.|ovo| sJppc.t tc t|o S|A .rJ n.r.gonort p.ccossos, bJt |s .|sc .v.||.b|o tc |o|p
.|t| ccr|||ct .osc|Jt|cr .rJ tc .osc|vo p.cb|ons t|.t n.y ..|so .|t| st.ko|c|Jo. p|.t|c.ns |o
.o,J|.oJ |ovo| .rJ ox.ct r.tJ.o c| sJppc.t |s ||ko|y tc v..y orc.ncJs|y .rJ tc bo |r||JorcoJ by
sJc| |.ctc.s .s s|.o c| st.ko|c|Jo. p|.t|c.n, t|o |ovo|s c| ccr|||ct bot.oor st.ko|c|Jo.s .rJ t|o
ccnp|ox|ty c| t|o ..to..o|.toJ c|.||orgos
|o |.c|||t.t|cr to.n |r t||s ccrtoxt |s ccrco.roJ .|t| p.ccoss |.c|||t.t|cr t|.t |s |o|p|rg
st.ko|c|Jo.s tc koop t|o p.ccoss cr t..ck cvo. . |crg po.|cJ |o |.c|||t.tc.s .c.k .|t|
st.ko|c|Jo.s cvo. . |crg po.|cJ .rJ s|cJ|J, || t|oy ..o .c.k|rg .o||, ccno tc bo t.JstoJ .rJ
boccno krc.|oJgo.b|o .bcJt t|o |ssJos, p.cb|ons .rJ Jyr.n|cs bot.oor st.ko|c|Jo.s ||s |s
. J|||o.ort .rJ nc.o c|.||org|rg .c|o t|.r t|.t c| |.c|||t.t|rg . noot|rg, .|o.o t|o |.c|||t.tc.(s)
.rJ st.ko|c|Jo.s n.y rct bo .o|| krc.r tc o.c| ct|o. c. |.vo . |crgto.n .o|.t|crs||p |r
t|oso |V|O\||S gJ|Jo||ros .o ..o, Jr|oss ct|o..|so st.toJ, .o|o..|rg tc t||s Joopo. p.ccoss
|.c|||t.t|cr .c|o
A|t|cJg| scno nonbo.s c| . p.ccoss |.c|||t.t|cr to.n n.y bo onp|cyoos c| st.ko|c|Jo.s (og
st.|| |.cn . .o|ov.rt n|r|st.y), t|oy s|cJ|J orJo.vcJ. tc .ospoct t|o|. .c|o .|t||r t|o p.ccoss .s
|rto.noJ|..|os c. |crost b.cko.s As sJc|, t|o|. .c|o |s tc bJ||J ccrsorsJs .rJ rct t.ko s|Jos ||
t|o.o |s ccr|||ct bot.oor st.ko|c|Jo.s
Spoc|.||sts .|c ..o ro. tc p.ccossos c| st.ko|c|Jo. J|.|cgJo c|tor rooJ c.p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort
t|onso|vos tc |J||y JrJo.st.rJ t|o .pp.c.c| .s .o|| .s t|no tc .J.pt tc t|o|. .c|o c| sJppc.t|rg
. p.ccoss Spoc|.||sts ..o .o,J|.oJ tc t.ko p..t |r J|scJss|crs, ..t|o. t|.r .ct cr|y .s |r|c.n.t|cr
p.cv|Jo.s, .rJ tc t..rs|.to krc.|oJgo .rJ .occnnorJ.t|crs |rtc . |.rgJ.go t|.t c.r bo
JrJo.stccJ by rcrspoc|.||sts
l8
Ei rc lill cf fciliccicr cr
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||vo p...||o| v|||.go p.ccossos, .||| ccnp.|so t.c tc |cJ. pocp|o .|t| . ..rgo c| J|sc|p||r..y
b.ckg.cJrJs, bct| tcp|c oxpo.t|so (og r.tJ..| .oscJ.cos, org|roo.|rg, .g.|cJ|tJ.o c. scc|.|
sc|orcos) .rJ p.ccoss sk|||s (p.coct .rJ p.cg..nno n.r.gonort, |.c|||t.t|cr, .rJ p.ccoss
JccJnort.t|cr) |..go. |rto.vort|cr p.ccossos .o,J|.o |..go. (c. nc.o) to.ns o.n.c.k |s
c.Jc|.|, .rJ o.c| to.n nonbo. nJst .|sc bo .b|o tc t.ck|o . .|Jo ..rgo c| t.sks |t |s |npc.t.rt
t|.t to.ns ..o .||||rg .rJ .b|o tc c.|| cr spoc|.||st .Jv|co |.cn gcvo.rnort .gorc|os, Jr|vo.s|t|os,
oxpo.|orcoJ |COs .rJ/c. p.|v.to soctc. c.g.r|s.t|crs
|ovo|cp|rg t|o so||ccr||Jorco .rJ c.p.c|ty c| t|o |.c|||t.t|cr to.n |tso|| t.kos t|no |t |s c.Jc|.|
t|.t o.c| to.n |.s .t |o.st cro nonbo. .|c |.s oxpo.|orco .rJ sk|||s |r |.c|||t.t|cr .rJ
p..t|c|p.tc.y .pp.c.c|os .|c c.r p.cv|Jo |.rJscr t..|r|rg |c. ct|o. to.n nonbo.s ..|r|rg
c.r .|sc t.ko t|o |c.n c| s|c.t t..|r|rg ccJ.sos .rJ oxpcsJ.o v|s|ts tc ct|o. p.cocts t|.t ..o
.|.o.Jy Js|rg t|oso toc|r|,Jos
|rcicOcicrl lcr fcr fciliccicr cr
|.c|||t.t|cr to.ns c.r bo onp|cyoJ by .o|ov.rt n|r|st.|os c. p.cv|JoJ by . ..rgo c| |rst|tJt|crs,
|rc|JJ|rg |COs c. t|o p.|v.to soctc. A|t|cJg| |t c.r bo ..gJoJ t|.t to.n nonbo.s s|cJ|J
bo |rJoporJort c| koy st.ko|c|Jo.s, ccrt|rJ|ty .rJ ost.b||s|nort c| |crgto.n .o|.t|crs||ps
..o .|sc |npc.t.rt |.ctc.s, ospoc|.||y .|or |.c|||t.t|rg ccnnJr|c.t|cr bot.oor |cc.| .rJ
|rto.noJ|.to |ovo| st.ko|c|Jo.s |o.o |s, t|o.o|c.o, . st.crg c.so |c. to.ns bo|rg |cc.toJ .|t||r
.o|ov.rt n|r|st.|os c. c.g.r|s.t|crs t|.t c.r gJ...rtoo |crgto.n onp|cynort |c.ovo., t|o|.
|rJoporJorco |r t|o p.ccoss nJst bo ost.b||s|oJ || t|oy ..o tc bo t.JstoJ by .|| st.ko|c|Jo.s
|cl cf fciliccicr cr ir ircicOcicrliir_ ELC^ pprccl
|.c|||t.t|cr to.ns |.vo . v|t.| .c|o |r orsJ.|rg t|.t t|o .pp.c.c|os p.cpcsoJ |r t|oso gJ|Jo||ros
|.vo . |crg |.st|rg |np.ct cr ..to. gcvo.r.rco |oy c.r |o|p .c||ovo t||s gc.| by
|rsJ.|rg . ||g| p.cb.b|||ty c| |np.cvoJ cJtccnos |.cn st.ko|c|Jo.J.|vor p|.rr|rg
p.ccossos,
|.c|||t.t|rg . p.ccoss |r sJc| . ..y t|.t t|o .pp.c.c| |s |rto.r.||soJ .rJ c.roJ by
st.ko|c|Jo.s,
|rsJ.|rg . ..p|J .osc|Jt|cr c| t|o ccr|||cts t|.t |rov|t.b|y ..|so .rJ t|.t n|g|t ct|o..|so Jo..||
t|o |crgto.n Jpt.ko c| ro. .pp.c.c|os t|.t |rcc.pc..to |osscrs |o..rt by st.ko|c|Jo.s
l9
Lc_icicl rrr_rrc rc LOc_c
||s .pp.c.c| .JJs tc t|o ccst c| |np|onort|rg p.cocts .rJ p.cg..nnos |c.ovo., t||s ccst
s|cJ|J bo .occJpoJ cvo. t|no || t|o .pp.c.c| |rc.o.sos t|o ||ko|||ccJ c| ||rJ|rg sJst.|r.b|o
sc|Jt|crs tc ..to..o|.toJ p.cb|ons |t c.r bo ..gJoJ t|.t t|o .pp.c.c| |.s . ||g| pctort|.| tc
t.ck|o ..to..o|.toJ .spocts c| pcvo.ty .rJ tc .o.ct ..p|J|y tc t.ck|o ..to..o|.toJ c|.||orgos
.s t|oy ono.go |t |s v|t.| t|.t |cg|st|c.| ....rgonorts ..o J|scJssoJ .rJ .cccJrtoJ |c. .o||
|r .Jv.rco c| . .o|ov.rt p.coct c. . p.cg..nno c| .c.k |.c|||t.t|cr to.ns c.r cr|y Jc .
gccJ cb .rJ s|c. . ||g| |ovo| c| ccnn|tnort || t|oy |.vo .ccoss tc t..rspc.t, c|||co sp.co,
ccnnJr|c.t|cr .rJ | so.v|cos .rJ sJppc.t st.|| bJJgots n.y .|sc bo rooJoJ tc ccvo. oxporsos
.sscc|.toJ .|t| . rJnbo. c| .ct|v|t|os sJc| .s n.r.g|rg |r|c.n.t|cr, sott|rg Jp .c.ks|cps,
c...y|rg cJt ....oross c.np.|grs .rJ ccrJJct|rg oxpcsJ.o v|s|ts |c. koy st.ko|c|Jo.s, .rJ |c.
c.p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort c| |.c|||t.t|cr to.n nonbo.s
Ercry pcirc rc lirl cc crccrcic ircicOcicr
As p..t c| t|o p.ccoss c| gott|rg c.g.r|soJ, t|o |.c|||t.t|cr to.n rooJs tc cc||oct b.s|c |r|c.n.t|cr
.bcJt Joncg..p||cs, |rst|tJt|crs, ..to. .oscJ.cos, c||n.to, ..to..o|.toJ |r|..st.JctJ.o .rJ
p.ov|cJs .rJ crgc|rg .o|ov.rt p.cocts A|t|cJg| |r|c.n.t|cr |s cc||octoJ |r nc.o Jot.|| |r
t|o .ssossnort p|.so c| t|o n.r.gonort cyc|o, |.c|||t.t|cr to.ns .|sc rooJ tc n.ko Jso c|
.o.J||y.v.||.b|o |r|c.n.t|cr .|or p.|c.|t|s|rg .rJ so|oct|rg t|o v|||.gos |r .||c| tc .c.k .rJ
.|or |Jort||y|rg |r|t|.| ort.y pc|rts c. pc|rts c| ccrt.ct .|t| st.ko|c|Jo.s |r|t|.| ccrt.cts ..o
c|tor .|t| pocp|o c. c.g.r|s.t|crs .|c |.to. boccno |npc.t.rt st.ko|c|Jo.s, sJc| .s n.yc.s
c. |cc.| gcvo.rnort ccJrc|||c.s, ct|o. p.cn|rort |rJ|v|JJ.|s (og pc||t|c|.rs, bJs|ross pocp|o),
c. |r||Jort|.| |COs c. bOs |r t|o ..o.
As |.. .s pcss|b|o, |.c|||t.t|cr to.ns s|cJ|J .c.k ccrst.Jct|vo|y .|t|, .rJ g|vo sJppc.t tc,
Joncc..t|c.||yo|octoJ .op.osort.t|vos .rJ |rst|tJt|crs ||s orsJ.os t|.t .ttonpts tc |np.cvo
..to. gcvo.r.rco ..o ||rkoJ tc ox|st|rg systons c| Joncc..t|c .cccJrt.b|||ty .rJ .oJJcos t|o
.|sk c| ccr|||ct || ro. ..to..o|.toJ |rst|tJt|crs ..o c.o.toJ
CHecer ~
2l
Clpcr =. Jl rr_rrc cycl
||s c|.pto. p.cv|Jos . stopbystop gJ|Jo tc |np|onort|rg t|o .pp.c.c| |c. o.c| c| t|o
p|.sos (s|c.r .bcvo), . gJ|J.rco |c. |np|onort.t|cr |s p.cv|JoJ .rJ . ||st c| Jso|J| tcc|s c.
not|cJs |s |rc|JJoJ |oso tcc|s .rJ not|cJs .||| bo |cJrJ |r |.pto. 5 |o Josc.|pt|cr c|
o.c| p|.so |rc|JJos bcxos .|t| sJggostoJ cboct|vos .rJ cJtpJts, .s .o|| .s .r cJt||ro c| .
pcss|b|o p.ccoss .|t| sJggostoJ t|n|rg c| .ct|v|t|os .rJ t|no .o,J|.onorts
|o o..|y p|.sos c| t|o cyc|o ..o .bcJt Jovo|cp|rg . c|o.. .rJ s|..oJ |JtJ.o v|s|cr .rJ .
p.o|o..oJ st..togy tc .c||ovo t|.t v|s|cr |r t|o ||.st p|.so, v|s|cr|rg, st.ko|c|Jo.s c.o.to .r
|r|t|.| v|s|cr c| t|o |JtJ.o S|rco t|o J.t. |s rct .|..ys c|o.., .rJ t|o |JtJ.o |s Jrco.t.|r, t|oy .|sc
Jovo|cp . rJnbo. c| J|||o.ort scor..|cs .o||oct|rg . v..|oty c| pcss|b|o |JtJ.o s|tJ.t|crs |r t|o
soccrJ p|.so, .ssoss|rg, t|oy ||rJ .rJ .ssoss t|o J.t. t|oy rooJ tc ncvo |c....J .rJ tc c|ock
t|.t t|o|. v|s|cr |s .o.||st|c |r t|o t||.J p|.so, st..tog|s|rg, t|oy Jovo|cp . st..togy c. st..tog|os
tc .o.c| t|o v|s|cr JrJo. .s n.ry scor..|cs .s |o.s|b|o Scno scor..|cs n.y bo sc J||||cJ|t, t|.t
rc .o.||st|c st..togy c.r bo Jov|soJ, .rJ t|o v|s|cr n.y t|or rooJ tc bo .JJstoJ ||s |s rct .
croc|| p.ccoss t|oso p|.sos ..o .opo.toJ tc .JJst tc c|.rg|rg c|.cJnst.rcos
Ecrric LOilcir_
Scor..|c bJ||J|rg |s . not|cJ c| .c.k|rg bot.oor v|s|cr|rg .rJ st..tog|s|rg, ..t|o. t|.r .
p|.so |r t|o n.r.gonort cyc|o, .rJ |t |s JsoJ nc.o t|.r crco |r t|o cyc|o A scor..|c |s .
p|.Js|b|o Josc.|pt|cr .bcJt t|o ..y t|o .c.|J n|g|t tJ.r cJt tcnc..c. \|||o |t |s rct . ||.n
|c.oc.st, |t |s b.soJ cr cJ..ort t.orJs .rJ ..o.s c| krc.|oJgo .rJ Jrco.t.|rty |ovo|cp|rg .
sot c| r....t|vo scor..|cs |o|ps tc p.cv|Jo . b.s|s |c. |Jort||y|rg pcss|b|o p.t|..ys (st..tog|os)
RefIecting
ImpIementing
PIanning
Strategising
Assessing
Visioning
22
tc...Js t|o s|..oJ v|s|cr |r t|o v|s|cr|rg p|.so, scor..|cs |o|p tc...Js .r cJt||ro st..togy
|r t|o st..togy p|.so, .|or t|o st..togy |s boccn|rg c|o..o. .rJ nc.o ccrc.oto, scor..|cs ..o
.o||roJ c. .o.c.koJ tc t.ko .cccJrt c| ro. |r|c.n.t|cr, cppc.tJr|t|os, t|.o.ts c. Jrco.t.|rt|os
||s |to..t|vo p.ccoss c| .ov|s|t|rg, |np.cv|rg .rJ .JJst|rg t|o v|s|cr, scor..|cs .rJ st..togy |s
cro c| t|o cc.o st.orgt|s c| t|o |V|O\||S .pp.c.c| |r t|.t |t koops t|o p.ccoss onboJJoJ |r
.o.||ty .rJ |t .||c.s p|.rr|rg tc .JJst tc ro. s|tJ.t|crs
O.|g|r.|
\|s|cr
Scenarios
||vo.gort |JtJ.os
b.soJ cr pcss|b|o t.orJs |r
oxto.r.| |.ctc.s
Strategies
b.c.J g.cJps c| .ct|v|t|os
tc .c||ovo . v|s|cr JrJo.
J||o.ort scor..|cs
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Iigure 5: 7he roIe of scenario buiIding in devising strategies to achieve a vision. 7he most robust strategies achieve
the vision under most scenarios. However, under some scenarios there is no reaIistic strategy and the vision must
be ad|usted.
23
|l : \iicrir_
7he aim
A v|s|cr|rg p.ccoss |s JsoJ tc Jovo|cp . p.oc|so .rJ s|..oJ Josc.|pt|cr c| |c. .r |rJ|v|JJ.|
c. . g.cJp c| st.ko|c|Jo.s .cJ|J ||ko t|o ..to. .oscJ.cos .rJ ..to. so.v|cos tc bo |r t|o|. ..o.
c| |rto.ost .t scno |JtJ.o t|no |o cvo..|| .|n c| t|o v|s|cr|rg p|.so |s tc ccno tc . s|..oJ
JrJo.st.rJ|rg bot.oor t|o n.|r st.ko|c|Jo.s .t |rto.noJ|.to .rJ |cc.| |ovo|s .bcJt t|o n.|r
..to..o|.toJ p.cb|ons .||c| .||oct t|on, .rJ tc Jovo|cp .r |r|t|.| v|s|cr |c. |cc.||ovo| ..to.
n.r.gonort .rJ so.v|co Jo||vo.y
7he chaIIenge
\|s|cr|rg |o|ps st.ko|c|Jo.s tc t||rk boycrJ t|o J.ytcJ.y .o.||ty c| p.cb|on sc|v|rg, .rJ tc
|n.g|ro .r .c||ov.b|o noJ|Jn tc |crgto.n |JtJ.o |c. .||c| t|oy c.r p|.r typ|c.||y 515
yo..s .|o.J .t |cc.| |ovo|, .rJ 1025 yo..s .|o.J |c. t|o |rto.noJ|.to |ovo| |t n.y p.cvo Jso|J|
tc J|||o.ort|.to bot.oor s|c.t, noJ|Jn .rJ |crgto.n v|s|crs o.c| .|t| t|o|. c.r t..got J.to
|c. .c||ovonort
Ob|ectives of visioning phase
|st.b||s| t|o .ct|vo p..t|c|p.t|cr c| st.ko|c|Jo.s .rJ/c. t|o|. .op.osort.t|vos |r t|o .ct|v|t|os c|
. st.ko|c|Jo. p|.t|c.n
|.c|||t.to son|st.JctJ.oJ J|scJss|crs cr t|o r.tJ.o .rJ sovo.|ty c| ..to..o|.toJ p.cb|ons
|o.c| .g.oonort cr . p.o||n|r..y v|s|cr c| |JtJ.o ..to. so.v|cos .rJ ..to. .oscJ.cos
Ag.oo cr t|o p.ccoss tc bo |c||c.oJ .rJ t|o b.c.J sccpo .rJ t|not.b|o c| |c||c.Jp .ct|v|t|os
RefIecting
ImpIementing
PIanning
Strategising
Assessing
Visioning
A...oross
..|s|rg
|.cb|on
|Jort||c.t|cr
|r|t|.| v|s|cr
Jovo|cpnort
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Visioning
24
|r t|o ccrtoxt c| |rtog..toJ ..to. .oscJ.cos n.r.gonort, |t |s c.Jc|.| t|.t t|o p.ccoss p.cJJcos
. v|s|cr t|.t |s s|..oJ .rJ c.roJ by .|| st.ko|c|Jo.s, |rc|JJ|rg t|o nc.o n..g|r.||soJ
|cc.| .rJ |rto.noJ|.to |ovo| v|s|crs s|cJ|J .|sc |r|c.n, .rJ bo |r|c.noJ by r.t|cr.| .rJ
|rto.noJ|.to |ovo| pc||cy .rJ st..tog|os, |t |s v|t.| t|.t t|o.o |s ccrs|storcy .c.css v|s|crs c.o.toJ
.t J|||o.ort sp.t|.| sc.|os A gcvo.rc..to|ovo| v|s|cr .||| bo J|||o.ort tc . v|s|cr Jovo|cpoJ |c.
. v|||.go, bJt t|o.o rooJs tc bo nJtJ.| ccrs|storcy .rJ ccnp.t|b|||ty bot.oor t|o v|s|crs ||
ccr|||cts ..o tc bo .vc|JoJ
c bo Jso|J| |c. st..tog|c p|.rr|rg, . v|s|cr nJst bo nc.o t|.r .r Jr.tt.|r.b|o .|s| ||st \|s|crs
s|cJ|J bo .cctoJ |r .r JrJo.st.rJ|rg c| t.orJs |r ..to. sJpp|y .rJ Jon.rJ, .rJ c| |c.
pctort|.| .|sks .rJ ccrst..|rts n|g|t n.ko |t J||||cJ|t tc .c||ovo . v|s|cr
|r so..c||rg |c. . p.o||n|r..y ccnncr v|s|cr, t|o b|ggost c|.||orgo |s tc ..|so ....oross .rJ
ort|Js|.sn |c. t|o p.ccoss
Getting started
|Jort||y|rg st.ko|c|Jo.s |s . koy ccnpcrort c| v|s|cr|rg Scno st.ko|c|Jo.s .rJ/c. t|o|.
.op.osort.t|vos ..o .o|.t|vo|y o.sy tc |Jort||y |c.ovo., .ttort|cr |s rooJoJ tc orsJ.o t|.t .cnor,
n..g|r.||soJ g.cJps, .op.osort.t|vos c| c|v|| scc|oty .rJ t|o |rto.osts c| t|o orv|.crnort ..o
.op.osortoJ .|or st.ko|c|Jo. p|.t|c.ns ..o ost.b||s|oJ c. st.orgt|oroJ A|| nonbo.s c| t|o
|.c|||t.t|cr to.n, |rc|JJ|rg t|cso onp|cyoJ by koy st.ko|c|Jo.s, nJst bo c|o.. t|.t t|o|. .c|o |s
tc ||rJ .rJ |rc|JJo st.ko|c|Jo.s |.cn . ..rgo c| c.g.r|s.t|crs .rJ b.ckg.cJrJs
key activities and tooIs
St.ko|c|Jo. .r.|ys|s |s JsoJ tc |Jort||y . ..rgo c| J|||o.ort st.ko|c|Jo.s, .s .o|| .s t|o|.
.o|.t|vo |npc.t.rco tc ..to. gcvo.r.rco p.ccossos
Spoc|.| .ttort|cr |s .o,J|.oJ tc |Jort||y t|o pcc. .rJ n..g|r.||soJ .rJ orsJ.o t|.t t|oy ..o
p.cpo.|y |rvc|voJ .rJ .op.osortoJ ||s t.kos t|no .rJ .oscJ.cos boc.Jso t|oy torJ tc bo
|oss c.g.r|soJ, |.ck|rg |r ccr||Jorco .rJ c.p.c|ty .rJ pcc.|y .op.osortoJ |ovo.t|o|oss,
t|o|. |rvc|vonort |.cn t|o cJtsot |s ossort|.|
Outputs from the visioning phase
OJtpJts |.cn t|o v|s|cr|rg p|.so ..o ||ko|y tc |rc|JJo
|r|t|.| ....oross .ncrgst n.|r st.ko|c|Jo.s t|.t . p..t|c|p.tc.y p.ccoss |s t.k|rg p|.co t|.t n.y
.||oct t|on
OJtpJts |.cn |r|t|.| st.ko|c|Jo. .r.|ys|s |rc|JJ|rg . gccJ JrJo.st.rJ|rg c| t|o n.|r st.ko|c|Jo.
g.cJps .rJ pctort|.| p.cb|ons c. ccr|||cts bot.oor t|on
St.ko|c|Jo. p|.t|c.ns .t J|||o.ort |ovo|s t|.t |.vo boor st.orgt|oroJ (c. .|o.o rocoss..y
c.o.toJ)
A sot c| p.cb|on t.oos t|.t .op.osort st.ko|c|Jo.s v|o.s c| ..to..o|.toJ p.cb|ons, |r t|o ..o.s
.rJ .t t|o sc.|os c| |rto.ost
|r|t|.| v|s|crs, scor..|cs .rJ pcss|b|y st..tog|os t|.t, .|t|cJg| Jr.o||roJ, |.vo t|o sJppc.t c| t|o
n.|r st.ko|c|Jo.s
25
A c..o|J||y t..gotoJ .rJ p|.rroJ ....oross..|s|rg .rJ c.p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort p.cg..nno
|s .|ncst .|..ys rooJoJ .|or |r|t|.t|rg . p.cg..nno c| |np.cvoJ |cc.| ..to. gcvo.r.rco,
.rJ .o,J|.os .o|r|c.conort .t koy pc|rts |r t|o p.ccoss |x|st|rg ..to. st..tog|os .t r.t|cr.|,
|rto.noJ|.to c. |cc.| |ovo| s|cJ|J bo JsoJ .s . st..t|rg pc|rt |c. J|.|cgJo A|t|cJg| t||s
p.ccoss n.y t.ko t|no, |t p.cv|Jos .r oxco||ort cppc.tJr|ty tc bJ||J .o|.t|crs||ps .rJ
ccr||Jorco bot.oor st.ko|c|Jo.s .rJ t|o |.c|||t.t|cr to.n
|o |.c|||t.t|cr to.ns s|cJ|J c.g.r|so .c.ks|cps JJ.|rg .||c| |r|t|.| p.cb|on |Jort|||c.t|cr
t.kos p|.co, Js|rg p.cb|on t.oos, .s .o|| .s v|s|cr|rg, scor..|c bJ||J|rg .rJ st..tog|s|rg ||s
.||| or.b|o st.ko|c|Jo.s tc p.|c.|t|so ..to..o|.toJ p.cb|ons .rJ |Jort||y cppc.tJr|t|os tc
t.ck|o t|on ||s .ct|v|ty .||| |o|p tc Jo||ro . t|not.b|o .rJ t|o .c|os .rJ .ospcrs|b|||t|os |c.
st.ko|c|Jo.s .rJ t|o |.c|||t.t|cr to.ns
Son|st.JctJ.oJ J|scJss|crs .|t| n.|r st.ko|c|Jo.s c.r bo JsoJ tc |Jort||y ox|st|rg
.pp.c.c|os tc n.r.g|rg ..to. .oscJ.cos .rJ .ry ox|st|rg ..to. n.r.gonort v|s|crs,
st..tog|os c. p|.rs
|||oct|vo st.ko|c|Jo. p|.t|c.ns nJst bo c.o.toJ, o|t|o. by |r|t|.t|rg ro. bcJ|os c. by
st.orgt|or|rg ox|st|rg p|.t|c.ns, sJc| .s ..to. Jso.s .sscc|.t|crs St.orgt|or|rg c.
ost.b||s||rg p|.t|c.ns t.kos t|no .rJ sors|t|v|ty cr t|o p..t c| t|o |.c|||t.t|cr to.ns ospoc|.||y
|r .og|crs t|.t |.vo . |crg ||stc.y c| tcpJc.r .pp.c.c|os tc ..to. n.r.gonort ||.t|c.ns
rooJ tc bo Jovo|cpoJ .t bct| |rto.noJ|.to .rJ |cc.| |ovo|s, .rJ |r scno p.ccossos .|sc .t
r.t|cr.| |ovo| \|o.o t|o.o ..o n.ry J|||o.ort ..to. Jsos, c. .|or tors|cr c. ccr|||ct ox|sts
bot.oor ..to. Jso.s, |t n.y bo rocoss..y tc st..t .|t| nc.o t|.r cro p|.t|c.n .t .ry g|vor
|ovo|
Visioning process
|o v|s|cr|rg p.ccoss p|.ys .r |npc.t.rt .c|o |r b.|rg|rg t|o n.|r st.ko|c|Jo.s tcgot|o. .rJ
|r orsJ.|rg t|.t J|scJss|crs .rJ ..to. n.r.gonort st..tog|os .rJ p|.rs |ccJs cr p.|c.|ty
p.cb|ons ||s p.cb|on|ccJsoJ .pp.c.c| |o|ps tc .vc|J t|o .|sk t|.t st..tog|os .rJ p|.rs Jc
rct n.tc| o|t|o. t|o v|s|cr c| t|o n.|r st.ko|c|Jo.s c. t|o p.|c.|ty p.cb|ons |r t|o ..o. CccJ
ccnnJr|c.t|cr .rJ s|..|rg c| |r|c.n.t|cr bot.oor st.ko|c|Jo.s .rJ st.ko|c|Jo. p|.t|c.ns .t
J|||o.ort |ovo|s .||| |o|p tc .||gr t|o|. st..tog|os .rJ p|.rs
A p.ccoss |c. c...y|rg cJt t|o .ct|v|t|os |r t|o v|s|cr|rg p|.so |s p.cpcsoJ |r t|o bcx |.ccoss
|c. t|o \|s|cr|rg ||.so ||s so,Jorco c| .ct|v|t|os n.y c|.rgo JoporJ|rg cr t|o ccrtoxt, t|o
.ct|v|t|os c| ct|o. p.cocts, .rJ cr ox|st|rg ..to. n.r.gonort p|.rs |t n.y bo rocoss..y tc
.opo.t o|onorts c| t|o v|s|cr|rg p|.so .s ro. |r|c.n.t|cr boccnos .v.||.b|o, c. .s .JJ|t|cr.|
koy st.ko|c|Jo.s ..o |Jort|||oJ c. s|c. .r |rto.ost |r boccn|rg |rvc|voJ |r ncst c.sos, t||s
|r|t|.| v|s|cr .||| rooJ tc bo .o||roJ c. ovor ccnp|oto|y c|.rgoJ .|to. t|o cc||oct|cr .rJ .r.|ys|s
c| |r|c.n.t|cr |r t|o .ssoss|rg .rJ st..tog|s|rg p|.sos |t |s .r |to..t|vo p.ccoss |o p.co .t
.||c| .ct|v|t|os ..o ccnp|otoJ s|cJ|J bo J|ct.toJ by t|o .o,J|.onorts c| orsJ.|rg . gccJ .rJ
|rc|Js|vo p.ccoss |r t|o |cc.| ccrtoxt |c.ovo., . p.cg..nn.t|c b.|.rco |.s tc bo st.Jck by
|.c|||t.tc.s bot.oor .||c.|rg t|no |c. J|.|cgJo .rJ ncv|rg t|o p.ccoss |c....J \|s|crs s|cJ|J
bo Josc.|boJ Js|rg . n|xtJ.o c| r....t|vo .rJ rJno.|c.| t..gots |r . ..y t|.t |s Jr.nb|gJcJs
.rJ rct cpor tc n|s|rto.p.ot.t|cr, c. t||s n.y g|vo .|so tc ccr|||cts .t scno |JtJ.o J.to
26
|o p.ccoss c| Jovo|cp|rg . v|s|cr |.s . ||g|o. p.cb.b|||ty c| sJccoss || |t |s sJppc.toJ by t..|roJ
.rJ oxpo.|orcoJ |.c|||t.tc.s, .|c |.vo boor .o|| b.|o|oJ |t |s ,J|to ||ko|y t|.t ccr|||ct .osc|Jt|cr
.||| bo rooJoJ |t |s .|sc |npc.t.rt t|.t |.c|||t.tc.s orsJ.o t|.t n..g|r.||soJ g.cJps |.vo |.J .
vc|co |r t|o v|s|cr|rg p.ccoss .rJ t|.t gorJo. .rJ orv|.crnort.| |ssJos |.vo rct boor |grc.oJ
|o .|c|o p.ccoss rooJs tc bo c..o|J||y |.c|||t.toJ tc orsJ.o t|.t |t |s rct c.ptJ.oJ .rJ/c.
Jcn|r.toJ by pc.o.|J| o||tos
Methods and tooIs usefuI in visioning
|.cb|on t.oo .r.|ys|s p. 66
Son|st.JctJ.oJ J|scJss|crs p. 69
\|s|cr|rg p. 52
Scor..|c bJ||J|rg p. 52
St..togy Jovo|cpnort p. 57
St.ko|c|Jo. |Jort|||c.t|cr p. 99
27
Process for visioning phase
1. InitiaI contact with main stakehoIders at IocaI and intermediate IeveIs
Ob|ectives
c |Jort||y .rJ noot .o|ov.rt st.ko|c|Jo.s .rJ t|o|. .op.osort.t|vos
c |r|c.n t|on .bcJt t|o .pp.c.c| .rJ .sco.t.|r t|o|. .||||rgross tc t.ko p..t |r t|o
p.cpcsoJ p.ccoss
c p.op..o sJbso,Jort stops |r t|o p.ccoss
Activities
|rt.cJJct|cr tc t|o .pp.c.c|, |ts .|ns .rJ cboct|vos
|r|t|.| st.ko|c|Jo. .r.|ys|s
Son|st.JctJ.oJ J|scJss|crs
7ips
|rsJ.o t|.t st.ko|c|Jo.s JrJo.st.rJ t|.t p..t|c|p.t|cr c. .Jo,J.to .op.osort.t|cr |r st.ko|c|Jo.
p|.t|c.ns c| .cnor .rJ t|o pcc.ost |s ossort|.| |rsJ.o t|.t .ct|vo no.sJ.os ..o |r p|.co tc
|.vo t|on .op.osortoJ |r |JtJ.o .ct|v|t|os
2. ProbIem tree anaIysis and initiaI vision deveIopment
Ob|ectives
c |Jort||y koy ..to. .oscJ.co .rJ ..to. so.v|co .o|.toJ p.cb|ons
c bog|r tc |Jort||y t|o cJt||ros c| |cc.| c. |rto.noJ|.to ..to. v|s|crs, scor..|cs .rJ st..tog|os
|c. t|o ..o.s .rJ sc.|os c| |rto.ost
c st..t tc |Jort||y koy |r|c.n.t|cr rooJs |c. t|o .ssossnort p|.so
Activities
Son|st.JctJ.oJ J|scJss|crs .rJ .c.ks|cps tc Jovo|cp p.cb|on t.oo .rJ |r|t|.| v|s|cr
7ips
|oso .ct|v|t|os c.r typ|c.||y bo JrJo.t.kor |r . po.|cJ c| cro tc t.c J.ys .|t| st.ko|c|Jo.s
|c rct .ssJno t|.t p..t|c|p.rts |r noot|rgs .rJ st.ko|c|Jo. p|.t|c.ns |.vo boor .Jo,J.to|y
b.|o|oJ .ko t|no tc .o|rt.cJJco t|o .pp.c.c| .rJ p.ccoss
V.ko sJ.o t|.t .cnor .rJ t|o pcc.ost ..o .op.osortoJ Ask .|c |s rct .t t||s noot|rg`
3. 8egin programme of training and awareness raising
Ob|ectives
Ovo. t|no, tc ..|so ....oross .rJ JrJo.st.rJ|rg c| koy |ssJos .o|.toJ tc ..to.
Activities
A st.JctJ.oJ p.cg..nno c| oxpcsJ.o v|s|ts, t..|r|rg, otc
4. ReguIar informaI contact
Ob|ectives
c orsJ.o . gccJ p.ccoss
c n.|rt.|r ort|Js|.sn .rJ bJy|r c| t|o n.|r st.ko|c|Jo.s bot.oor |c.n.| .ct|v|t|os
c t.cJb|os|cct .rJ .osc|vo ccr|||cts .|o.o rocoss..y
Activities
|ogJ|.. s|c.t v|s|ts .rJ to|op|cro ccrt.ct .|t| t|o n.|r st.ko|c|Jo.s
7ips
|r|c.n.| |rto..ct|cr bot.oor |.c|||t.t|cr to.n nonbo.s .rJ st.ko|c|Jo.s |s c.Jc|.| tc . gccJ
p.ccoss |t .||| bo .o,J|.oJ t|.cJg|cJt t|o cyc|o
28
|l L: ^ir_
7he aim
|o .ssoss|rg p|.so |s JsoJ tc orsJ.o t|.t .|| st.ko|c|Jo.s |.vo .ccoss tc gccJ ,J.||ty
|r|c.n.t|cr .bcJt ..to. .oscJ.cos, ..to. sJpp|y |r|..st.JctJ.o, Jon.rJ |c. .rJ .ccoss tc ..to.
so.v|cos, .rJ ct|o. |npc.t.rt ..o.s c| krc.|oJgo, |rc|JJ|rg s.r|t.t|cr ccvo..go ||s .|n c| t|o
.ssoss|rg p|.so |s t|o.o|c.o tc c...y cJt . ..to. .oscJ.co .ssossnort (\|A) tc c.o.to . ccnncr
|r|c.n.t|cr b.so t|.t c.r bo JsoJ .s . b.s|s |c. |r|c.noJ Joc|s|cr n.k|rg |r sJbso,Jort p|.sos
c| t|o n.r.gonort cyc|o
7he chaIIenge
|o n.|r c|.||orgo |s tc Jovo|cp . ccnncr |r|c.n.t|cr b.so t|.t |s .ccopt.b|o tc .||
st.ko|c|Jo.s \|t|cJt gccJ ,J.||ty |r|c.n.t|cr, st.ko|c|Jo. J|.|cgJo |s Jr|r|c.noJ .rJ
st.ko|c|Jo.s |.vo rc b.s|s tc c|.||orgo |.ctJ.||y |rcc..oct c. b|.soJ pcs|t|crs |||oct|vo p|.rr|rg
|s ro.. tc |npcss|b|o || st.ko|c|Jo.s ..o .c.k|rg .|t| t|o|. c.r J|||o.ort |r|c.n.t|cr
|npc.t.rt c|.||orgos c| t|o .ssoss|rg p|.so |rc|JJo
|st.b||s||rg systons c| n.r.g|rg ..to..o|.toJ |r|c.n.t|cr t|.t n.ko |r|c.n.t|cr |.oo|y
.ccoss|b|o tc st.ko|c|Jo.s,
|o.c||rg . ccnncr JrJo.st.rJ|rg .ncrgst .|| st.ko|c|Jo.s c| t|o koy pc||t|c.| .rJ
|rst|tJt|cr.| p.ccossos t|.t Joto.n|ro ..to..o|.toJ Joc|s|cr n.k|rg,
|.cnct|rg |..rk st.ko|c|Jo. J|.|cgJo cr |.ctc.s t|.t |r||Jorco ..to. n.r.gonort bJt ..o
|grc.oJ boc.Jso t|oy ..o tcc sors|t|vo (og cc..Jpt|cr, pc||t|c.| |rto.|o.orco),
||spo|||rg nyt|s .rJ n|sccrcopt|crs cr t|o c.Jsos, sc.|o .rJ sovo.|ty, c| ..to..o|.toJ
p.cb|ons,
bJ||J|rg t|o c.p.c|ty .rJ ccr||Jorco c| |cc.| |ovo| st.ko|c|Jo.s, sc t|.t t|oy c.r org.go
o||oct|vo|y |r st.ko|c|Jo. J|.|cgJo cr ccnp|ox tcp|cs .o|.toJ tc ..to. sJpp|y .rJ Jon.rJ
RefIecting
ImpIementing
PIanning
Strategising
Assessing
Visioning
A...oross
..|s|rg
|r|c.n.t|cr
cc||oct|cr
|r|c.n.t|cr
.r.|ys|s
J.||ty
ccrt.c|
\.to. Jso.
.r.|ys|s
|r|c.n.t|cr
J|sson|r.t|cr
Assessing
29
Getting started
\c.k|rg .|t| st.ko|c|Jo.s, t|o |r|t|.| stops |r po.|c.n|rg . ..to. .oscJ.co .ssossnort ..o tc
Spoc||y |r|t|.| sp.t|.| .rJ tonpc..| bcJrJ..|os |c. |r|c.n.t|cr cc||oct|cr |o sp.t|.|
bcJrJ..|os c.r bo p|ys|c.| (sJc| .s ..to.s|oJs) c. |rst|tJt|cr.| (sJc| .s v|||.go bcJrJ..|os)
|o tonpc..| bcJrJ..|os ..o t|no ||n|ts (p.st .rJ |JtJ.o) |c. ccrs|Jo.|rg koy t.orJs |o
|ccJs n.y bo p.|n..||y .t cro p..t|cJ|.. |ovo| (og |rto.noJ|.to), bJt |t |s |npc.t.rt tc cc||oct
sJ|||c|ort |r|c.n.t|cr .t ||g|o. .rJ |c.o. |ovo|s tc bo .b|o tc n.ko JJgonorts .og..J|rg,
|c. ox.np|o, Jpst.o.n .rJ Jc.rst.o.n |np.cts .rJ JoporJorc|os ||s |r|c.n.t|cr n.y
|rc|JJo g.cJrJ..to. .oc|..go ost|n.tos, ..to. Jso .||cc.t|crs c. Jc.rst.o.n ..to. Jso.s
.|g|ts |.t|cr.| pc||cy nJst .|sc bo t.kor |rtc .cccJrt t|o.o |s rc pc|rt |r orccJ..g|rg
|cc.| ||ccJ |..|g.t|cr, |c. ox.np|o, || t|.t |s .g.|rst r.t|cr.| pc||cy,
Spoc||y Jot.||s .bcJt t|o |r|c.n.t|cr .o,J|.oJ sJc| .s t|o .o,J|.oJ Jog.oo c| J|s.gg.og.t|cr,
t|o sc.|o c| n.ps, t|o |ovo|s c| p.oc|s|cr,
|Jort||y o.s||y .v.||.b|o soccrJ..y scJ.cos c| |r|c.n.t|cr (|o ox|st|rg |r|c.n.t|cr cc||octoJ
.rJ p.ck.goJ |.cn ct|o. scJ.cos), .rJ Joc|Jo .|.t p.|n..y J.t. .||| |.vo tc bo cc||octoJ
tc |||| g.ps .rJ tc b.|rg ox|st|rg |r|c.n.t|cr Jp tc J.to,
|oc|Jo cr t|o |ovo| c| spoc|.||st sJppc.t (|| .ry) .rJ .r.|yt|c.| tcc|s t|.t n.y bo rooJoJ
V.ko . c..o|J||y t..gotoJ \.to. |oscJ.co Assossnort (\|A) tc orsJ.o t|.t .o|ov.rt
|r|c.n.t|cr |s n.Jo .v.||.b|o .|or .rJ .|o.o |t |s rooJoJ |Jo.||y, |cc.||ovo| \|As ..o
c...|oJ cJt |r ccrJrct|cr .|t| (c. .|to.) J|st.|ct/gcvo.rc..to |ovo| \|As, |r p..t boc.Jso
t||s n.kos ncst o|||c|ort Jso c| .oscJ.cos
crsc||J.to .rJ ,J.||ty ccrt.c| |r|c.n.t|cr .s . c.|t|c.| p..t c| n.k|rg \|As, (nJc|
soccrJ..y |r|c.n.t|cr |s ..crg .rJ/c. cJt c| J.to) |t |s .|sc ,J|to ccnncr |c. |r|c.n.t|cr
tc |.vo boor |.b.|c.toJ, .s . .osJ|t c| pc||t|c.| p.ossJ.o c. |c. ct|o. .o.scrs
|so t|o |oscJ.co|r|..st.JctJ.o|on.rJAccoss (|||A) |..no.c.k tc g|vo st.JctJ.o tc
..to. .oscJ.co .ssossnorts |o ccrcopt c| |||A |s t|.t Jso.s (t|o|. Jon.rJ |c. .rJ .ccoss
tc ..to.) ..o ||rkoJ tc ..to. .oscJ.cos by ..to. sJpp|y |r|..st.JctJ.o, .rJ t|.t o.c| c|
t|oso t|.oo syston o|onorts (.oscJ.cos, |r|..st.JctJ.o, Jso.s) |.s |ts c.r sot c| |rst|tJt|crs,
bcJrJ..|os .rJ c|...cto.|st|cs t|.t nJst bo .JJ.ossoJ tc Jovo|cp . ccnp.o|ors|vo .rJ
|rtog..toJ JrJo.st.rJ|rg b.soJ cr t||s .r.|ys|s |t n.y bo rocoss..y tc c|.rgo (oxp.rJ) t|o
..o. c| |rto.ost, |c. ox.np|o, tc |rc|JJo . n.c. ..to. scJ.co cJts|Jo v|||.go bcJrJ..|os
Ob|ectives of the assessing phase
...y cJt . ..to. .oscJ.co .ssossnort |c. t|o ..o. c| |rto.ost
|st.b||s| . ccnncr |r|c.n.t|cr b.so t|.t c.r bo JsoJ .s . b.s|s |c. .o.c||rg ccrsorsJs cr
p.cb|on .r.|ys|s .rJ sc|Jt|cr |Jort|||c.t|cr
|rsJ.o t|.t st.ko|c|Jo.s |.vo .ccoss tc ..to..o|.toJ |r|c.n.t|cr |r . |c.n .pp.cp.|.to tc t|o|.
|ovo| c| krc.|oJgo
|Jort||y nyt|s .rJ n|sccrcopt|crs t|.t n|g|t ox|st cr t|o c.Jsos, sc.|o .rJ sovo.|ty c| ..to.
.o|.toJ p.cb|ons
|Jort||y cppc.tJr|t|os |c. sc|v|rg t|oso p.cb|ons .s .o|| .s ccrst..|rts .rJ .|sks
30
...y cJt . Jso. g.cJp .r.|ys|s tc |Jort||y J|||o.ort c.togc.|os c| ..to. Jso.s, t|o|. .|g|ts
.rJ .ccoss .s .o|| .s t|o Jog.oo c| .ospcrs|b|||ty t|oy c.r t.ko |c. n.r.g|rg t|o|. ..to.
.oscJ.cos .rJ .o|.toJ |r|..st.JctJ.o .togc.|os c| Jso.s n.y bo b.c.J, rct rocoss..||y
p.oc|so|y |Jort|||oJ g.cJps AcccJrt.b|||ty .rJ .|g|ts .r.|ys|s c.r bo . Jso|J| tcc| |r t||s
.ospoct
|so ..to. b.|.rco c.|cJ|.t|crs |r ccrJrct|cr .|t| |||A tc g|vo rJno.|c.| sJppc.t tc t|o
.r.|ys|s c| ..to. .oscJ.cos .rJ c| p.cb|ons |Jort|||oJ |r t|o \|s|cr|rg ||.so cnpJto.
b.soJ ncJo|s n.y bo Jso|J| |r co.t.|r c.sos, || Jst|||oJ by ccsts .rJ pctort|.| boro||ts
...y cJt |rst|tJt|cr.| .r.|ys|s tc |Jort||y t|o |Jrct|cr.||ty c| t|o |c.n.| .rJ |r|c.n.|
|rst|tJt|crs |rvc|voJ |r n.r.g|rg ..to. .oscJ.cos .rJ ..to. so.v|cos |rJo.st.rJ|rg t|o
Joc|s|cr n.k|rg p.ccossos sJ..cJrJ|rg ..to. gcvo.r.rco |s |npc.t.rt g|vor t|o cvo..||
.|ns c| t|o .pp.c.c| |Jo.||y, |rst|tJt|cr.| .r.|ys|s .t t|o |cc.| |ovo| s|cJ|J bo ||rkoJ bct| tc
Jso.g.cJp .r.|ys|s .rJ tc .|Jo. |rto.noJ|.to |ovo| .r.|ys|s |o |||A |..no.c.k s|cJ|J bo
JsoJ tc st.JctJ.o t|o .r.|ys|s
Methods and tooIs usefuI in assessing
|oscJ.cos, |r|..st.JctJ.o, |on.rJ, Accoss (|||A) p. 79
J.||ty .ssJ..rco .rJ ccrt.c| p. 85
\.to. b.|.rco ost|n.t|cr p. 87
|no so.|os .r.|ys|s p. 90
VcJo|||rg p. 92
|r|c.n.t|cr n.r.gonort p. 94
|rst|tJt|cr.| .r.|ys|s p. l06
AcccJrt.b|||ty .rJ .|g|ts .r.|ys|s p. 75
Ot|o. p..t|c|p.tc.y .J..| .pp..|s.| (||A) tcc|s p. 64
Iigure 6: 7he RIDA framework can be used to heIp to structure water resource assessment, covering resources,
infrastructure (incIuding institutions), demand and access.
Resources
|o ..to. .oscJ.co
b.so |r t|no .rJ sp.co
(,J.rt|ty, ,J.||ty otc)
.rJ |rst|tJt|crs t|.t
n.r.go .oscJ.cos
Infrastructure
Systons (|..J...o .rJ
sc|t...o) tc .bst..ct, t.o.t
.rJ ccrvoy ..to. |c.
J|||o.ort pJ.pcsos .rJ
|rst|tJt|crs t|.t n.r.go
t|oso systons
Demand & Access
|o ..to. .o,J|.onorts,
.ccoss .rJ ort|t|onorts
c| pocp|o .rJ ct|o. Jso.s
.rJ t|o |rst|tJt|crs t|.t
.op.osort t|on
3l
.o.t|rg .r |r|c.n.t|cr b.so .rJ p.ctccc|s tc cc||oct, stc.o, ,J.||ty ccrt.c|, .r.|yso, .rJ J|s
son|r.to |r|c.n.t|cr |s .r |npc.t.rt p..t c| t|o .ssoss|rg p|.so |r|c.n.t|cr n.r.gonort
sc|t...o, sJc| .s J.t.b.sos, systons .r.|ys|s tcc|s, sp.o.Js|oots .rJ gocg..p||c |r|c.n.
t|cr systons (C|S) c.r bo Jso|J| tc .r.|yso .rJ p.osort sp.t|.| |r|c.n.t|cr |r |c.ns t|.t
sJppc.t st.ko|c|Jo. J|.|cgJo
|ov|s|t .rJ ||r.||so p.cb|on t.oos |r t|o ||g|t c| ro. |r|c.n.t|cr .rJ .r.|ys|s
|ovo|cp . v|||.go sJnn..y s|oot tc orsJ.o t|.t v|||.go|ovo| st.ko|c|Jo.s |.vo .ccoss tc .rJ
c.ro.s||p c| ||r.| cJtpJts |.cn t|o .ssoss|rg p|.so Ar ox.np|o |s g|vor |r ApporJ|x 1
Assessment process
|o p.|n..y .|n c| t|o .ssossnort p|.so |s tc |Jort||y t|o c.Jsos c| ..to..o|.toJ p.cb|ons
.rJ v|.b|o cpt|crs |c. sc|v|rg t|on ||s p|.so .|sc p.cv|Jos .r cppc.tJr|ty |c. st.ko|c|Jo.s tc
.o.c| . s|..oJ JrJo.st.rJ|rg c| t|o c.Jsos c| ..to..o|.toJ p.cb|ons, b.soJ cr .r.|ys|s .rJ
JpJ.t|rg c| t|o p.cb|on t.oos Jovo|cpoJ JJ.|rg t|o v|s|cr|rg p|.so |o n.|r .ospcrs|b|||ty
|c. JrJo.t.k|rg . \|A .osts .|t| t|o st.ko|c|Jo. p|.t|c.ns |c.ovo., |t |s ||ko|y t|.t t|o .o|ov.rt
.c.k .||| bo |oJ by .r |rto.noJ|.to|ovo| st.ko|c|Jo., t|o |.c|||t.t|cr to.n c. . p.|v.to soctc.
c.g.r|s.t|cr \|covo. |o.Js t|o p.ccoss, |t |s ||g||y Jos|..b|o t|.t .|| st.ko|c|Jo.s p..t|c|p.to
.ct|vo|y |r t|o \|A A|t|cJg| t|o.o |s rc ||xoJ |c.nJ|. c. |to..t|vo so,Jorco |c. JrJo.t.k|rg .
..to. .oscJ.co .ssossnort, |r goro.|c to.ns, t|o.o ..o ||vo n.|r stops
- Awareness raising
|rsJ.o t|.t st.ko|c|Jo.s boccno |J||y |rvc|voJ |..t|cJ|.. .ttort|cr |.s tc bo g|vor tc
orsJ.|rg t|.t t|o pcc. .rJ ct|o. n..g|r.||soJ g.cJps ..o ....o c| t|o p.ccoss .rJ ..o .b|o
tc p..t|c|p.to c. ..o sJ|||c|ort|y .op.osortoJ
- User group anaIysis
|rsJ.o t|.t ..to. .oscJ.co .ssossnorts ..o pcvo.ty .rJ gorJo. |ccJsoJ ||s p|.so
.ovc|vos ..cJrJ bJ||J|rg . ccnp|oto JrJo.st.rJ|rg c| J|||o.ort ..to.Jso. c.togc.|os,
.rJ t|o|. .|g|ts .rJ .ospcrs|b|||t|os \|c |.s .ccoss tc .rJ .|c n.|rt.|rs ccrt.c| cvo.
..to.` \|.t J|v|s|crs ox|st |r scc|oty .o|.toJ tc .o.|t|, gorJo., ot|r|c|ty c. ct|o. .o.scrs`
||s JrJo.st.rJ|rg .||| bo JsoJ .s . b.s|s |c. J|s.gg.og.t|rg J.t. cc||octoJ |r sJbso,Jort
p|.sos
Outputs from the assessing phase
OJtpJts |.cn t|o .ssoss|rg p|.so ..o ||ko|y tc |rc|JJo
Ar |r|c.n.t|cr b.so (cr . ccnpJto. c. .o||kopt ||||rg syston) tc sJppc.t st.ko|c|Jo. J|.|cgJo
.rJ tc |np.cvo t|o ,J.||ty c| cJtpJts |.cn t|o st..tog|s|rg .rJ p|.rr|rg stops |o syston .|||
ccrt.|r koy |rst|tJt|cr.|, scc|ot.|, .rJ p|ys|c.| |r|c.n.t|cr .o|.t|rg tc ..to. .oscJ.cos .rJ ..to.
so.v|cos
St.ko|c|Jo.s .|c ..o .ct|vo|y |rvc|voJ |r ||rkoJ p|.t|c.ns .rJ .|c |.vo .osc|voJ pctort|.|
ccr|||cts cvo. |r|c.n.t|cr .bcJt c.Jsos c| p.cb|ons .rJ cppc.tJr|t|os |c. sc|v|rg p.cb|ons
A sJnn..y v|||.go .opc.t t|.t p.osorts t|o |r|c.n.t|cr |o|J |r t|o |r|c.n.t|cr b.so |r . ..y
t|.t |s .ccoss|b|o .rJ ccnp.o|ors|b|o tc rcrspoc|.||sts
32
- Gathering information and quaIity controI
|Jort||y .rJ .ccoss ox|st|rg (soccrJ..y) scJ.cos c| |r|c.n.t|cr, c...y cJt ,J.||ty ccrt.c|
.rJ ccrsc||J.to |t |rtc .r |r|c.n.t|crb.so Js|rg t|o |||A |..no.c.k \|o.o rocoss..y,
cc||oct .rJ ,J.||ty ccrt.c| .JJ|t|cr.| p.|n..y J.t., ospoc|.||y |c. .ccoss .rJ Jon.rJ .o|.toJ
|ssJos .|.rgJ|.t|cr c| J.t. |.cn J|||o.ort scJ.cos .rJ |ovo|s |s Jso|J| tc orsJ.o |rto.r.|
ccrs|storcy
- Data anaIysis
|rvost|g.to |J.t|o. t|o c.Jsos c| ..to..o|.toJ p.cb|ons, .rJ pcss|b|o sc|Jt|crs ||s c.r
|rvc|vo . ..rgo c| .r.|yt|c.| .rJ st.t|st|c.| toc|r|,Jos |rc|JJ|rg t|no so.|os .rJ ..to.
b.|.rco .r.|ys|s, st.JctJ.oJ Js|rg t|o |||A |..no.c.k ||s p|.so .o,J|.os t|o Jovo|cpnort
c| |r|c.n.t|cr systons, Js|rg sp.o.Js|oots .rJ C|S .rJ, |r nc.o ccnp|ox c.sos, J.t.b.sos
.rJ ncJo|||rg
- Disseminate |r|c.n.t|cr tc koy st.ko|c|Jo.s |r . |c.n.t t|.t |s ||ko|y tc sJppc.t st.ko|c|Jo.
JrJo.st.rJ|rg .rJ |rvc|vonort
|r g.t|o.|rg, .r.|ys|rg .rJ J|sson|r.t|rg |r|c.n.t|cr, |t |s c.|t|c.| t|.t o,J.| .o|g|t |s g|vor tc
bct| |..J (toc|r|c.|) .rJ sc|t (scc|ot.| .rJ po.copt|cr b.soJ) |r|c.n.t|cr |o.o |s . torJorcy
tc g|vo nc.o .ttort|cr tc toc|r|c.| |r|c.n.t|cr, .s |t |s nc.o o.s||y ,J.rt|||oJ .rJ .r.|ysoJ
|c.ovo., toc|r|,Jos .rJ tcc|s tc |cck syston.t|c.||y .t sc|to. |r|c.n.t|cr s|cJ|J .|sc bo JsoJ
.|o.o .pp.cp.|.to
7ips and tricks
.ko . p.c|oss|cr.| .pp.c.c| tc .r.|ys|rg |r|c.n.t|cr .rJ |rvc|vo oxpo.ts .|orovo.
.o|ov.rt
|rvc|vo |cc.||ovo| st.ko|c|Jo.s |r J.t. cc||oct|cr, ,J.||ty ccrt.c| .rJ .r.|ys|s A|t|cJg|
t|oy n.y rct |.vo . gccJ JrJo.st.rJ|rg c| t|o c.Jsos c| ..to. p.cb|ons, t|oy ..o c|tor
t|o oxpo.ts .s |.. .s |cc.||ovo| .o.||t|os ..o ccrco.roJ
|Jo.||y, |cc.||ovo| .ssossnorts s|cJ|J bo c...|oJ cJt |r ccrJrct|cr .|t|, c. .|to.,
|rto.noJ|.to |ovo| .ssossnorts ||s n.kos o|||c|ort Jso c| .oscJ.cos .rJ |t |s JsJ.||y
o.s|o. tc Jst||y spoc|.||st |rpJts |c. Jot.||oJ .r.|ys|s c| scc|ot.| .rJ toc|r|c.| p.cb|ons .t
|rto.noJ|.to |ovo|, ccvo.|rg . |..go rJnbo. c| v|||.gos .rJ tc.rs |c. s|n||.. .o.scrs, t|o.o
..o .Jv.rt.gos || .r |rto.noJ|.to|ovo| \|A |s c...|oJ cJt .|to. . r.t|cr.||ovo| \|A
|t |s ossort|.| t|.t |r|c.n.t|cr cc||octoJ JJ.|rg t|o .ssossnort p|.so |s .v.||.b|o |r
.pp.cp.|.to |c.n.ts, sJc| .s v|||.go sJnn..y s|oots, .rJ |s .|Jo|y .g.ooJ Act|v|t|os sJc| .s
v|s|cr|rg .rJ st..tog|s|rg ..o nJc| nc.o J||||cJ|t || t|o.o |s ccr|||ct cvo. t|o .o||.b|||ty c| koy
..to. .o|.toJ |r|c.n.t|cr
33
Process for the assessing phase:
1. CoIIect, consoIidate and quaIity controI aIready existing avaiIabIe data for the area of interest
Ob|ectives
c p.cv|Jo b.ckg.cJrJ |r|c.n.t|cr tc p.cb|on .r.|ys|s .rJ sc|Jt|cr |Jort|||c.t|cr
c |Jort||y g.ps .rJ p.|n..y |r|c.n.t|cr rooJs
Activities
c||oct ox|st|rg (soccrJ..y) |r|c.n.t|cr .o,J|.oJ |c. t|o |||A .r.|ys|s (soo c|ock||st |r |||A
tcc|)
|rvc|vo st.ko|c|Jo.s |r |r|c.n.t|cr |Jort|||c.t|cr, cc||oct|cr, .r.|ys|s .rJ ,J.||ty ccrt.c|
7ips and tricks
b..|rstc.n|rg oxo.c|sos .|t| st.ko|c|Jo.s (|.cn t|o |cc.| .rJ |rto.noJ|.to |ovo|s) ..o t|o
bost no.rs c| |Jort||y|rg gccJ scJ.cos c| soccrJ..y |r|c.n.t|cr
cnp..|rg |r|c.n.t|cr |.cn J|||o.ort scJ.cos .rJ vo.|||c.t|cr .|t| |cc.||ovo| st.ko|c|Jo.s |s
JsJ.||y t|o bost no.rs c| ,J.||ty ccrt.c|
2. stabIish an information base to store information for the area of interest
Ob|ectives
c p.cv|Jo .r .ccoss|b|o .rJ st.JctJ.oJ no.rs |c. stc.|rg |r|c.n.t|cr |Jo.||y, t||s .||| bo .
ccnpJto.b.soJ syston, bJt .t t|o |cc.| |ovo| |t ccJ|J bo .s s|np|o .s . gccJ ||||rg syston
c ost.b||s| .r |rst|tJt|cr.| st.JctJ.o |c. c.r|rg .rJ n.r.g|rg t|o |r|c.n.t|cr b.so
|oporJ|rg cr ccrtoxt, cvo..|| .ospcrs|b|||ty |c. n.r.g|rg t|o |r|c.n.t|cr b.so n.y ||o .t
|cc.|, |rto.noJ|.to |ovo| c. ||g|o. |ovo|s
c ost.b||s| . syston |c. s|..|rg |r|c.n.t|cr bot.oor st.ko|c|Jo.s .t . g|vor |ovo| .rJ
bot.oor J|||o.ort |ovo|s
Activities
Sot Jp |r|c.n.t|cr n.r.gonort .rJ stc..go syston
|ovo|cp C|S |r|c.n.t|cr b.so
|st.b||s| ....rgonorts |c. sJst.|r.b|||ty (og |crgto.n ||r.rc|.| sJppc.t |c. |r|c.n.t|cr
b.so n.r.go.s .rJ |c. n.|rt.|r|rg .rJ .op|.c|rg |..J...o)
7ips
Or|y |rc|JJo ,J.||tyccrt.c||oJ |r|c.n.t|cr |r t|o |r|c.n.t|cr b.so
|so t|o |||A |..no.c.k .|or sott|rg Jp t|o |r|c.n.t|cr b.so
3. Carry out primary data coIIection and anaIysis for the area of interest
Ob|ectives
c JpJ.to .rJ |||| g.ps |r t|o soccrJ..y J.t.
c cc||oct koy |r|c.n.t|cr .o|.t|rg tc .ccoss, .|g|ts, .ospcrs|b|||t|os, Jon.rJ .rJ
po.copt|crs
c |o|p |Jort||y t|o c.Jsos c| ..to..o|.toJ p.cb|ons .rJ .|sc c| pctort|.| sc|Jt|crs
Activities
A...oross ..|s|rg .rJ t..|r|rg c| |cc.| to.ns
|r|c.n.t|cr cc||oct|cr Js|rg ||A .rJ ct|o. tcc|s
Vc.o |rJopt| |r|c.n.t|cr g.t|o.|rg .rJ .r.|ys|s .|t| t|o .cccJrt.b|||ty/.|g|ts .r.|ys|s tcc|
c||.t|cr .rJ .r.|ys|s c| |r|c.n.t|cr
|rt.y c| |r|c.n.t|cr |rtc |r|c.n.t|cr b.so
|so c| . ..rgo c| .r.|yt|c.| tcc|s
34
|l E: Ecrc_iir_
7he aim
A st..togy |s . noJ|Jn tc |crgto.n p|.rr|rg |..no.c.k .|t||r .||c| spoc|||c .ct|v|t|os ..o
Josc.|boJ Ovo. t|no, .r o||oct|vo st..togy |o.Js tc .c||ovonort c| t|o v|s|cr |o .|n c| t|o
st..tog|s|rg p|.so |s |c. st.ko|c|Jo.s tc Joc|Jo cr . b.c.J ..rgo c| p..ct|c.| .ct|crs t|.t c.r bo
t.kor tc .c||ovo t|o|. v|s|cr JrJo. . ..rgo c| pcss|b|o |JtJ.o scor..|cs
7he chaIIenge
|c. .ry g|vor scor..|c t|o.o n.y bo J|||o.ort st..tog|os t|.t n|g|t or.b|o t|o v|s|cr tc bo
.c||ovoJ |o .|n c| t|o ||.st t|.oo p|.sos c| t|o p.ccoss |s tc p.cJJco st..tog|os t|.t |.vo .
||g||ovo| c| st.ko|c|Jo. c.ro.s||p .rJ t|.t t.ko .cccJrt c| t|o Jrco.t.|rty t|.t ox|sts |r ..to.
.oscJ.co .v.||.b|||ty .rJ Jon.rJ |t |s .|sc |npc.t.rt t|.t st..tog|os t.ko .cccJrt c| t|o spoc|||c
rooJs .rJ Jon.rJs c| n..g|r.||soJ scc|.| g.cJps .rJ t|o orv|.crnort
|o n.|r c|.||orgo |r Jovo|cp|rg ..to. .oscJ.co st..tog|os |s tc t.ko |J|| .cccJrt c| t|o
|rov|t.b|o Jrco.t.|rty t|.t .o|.tos tc .ry Joc|s|cr \.to. .oscJ.cos .rJ Jon.rJ ccno .|t|
|r|o.ort Jrco.t.|rty .rJ v..|.b|||ty .rJ t||s |.s |crg to.n |np||c.t|crs |r .ocort yo..s, scor..|c
bJ||J|rg |.s boccno |rc.o.s|rg|y pcpJ|.. |r ..to..o|.toJ p|.rr|rg ||s |s p.|n..||y boc.Jso
RefIecting
ImpIementing
PIanning
Strategising
Assessing
Visioning
St..togy
.g.oonort
|r.||s.t|cr
|r|t|.| st..togy
Jovo|cpnort
St..togy
tost|rg
\|s|cr scor..|c
.ov|s|cr
\|s|cr
|r.||s.t|cr
Strategising
Ob|ectives of the strategising phase
St.ko|c|Jo.s .o.c| ccrsorsJs cr . ccnp.o|ors|vo ..to..o|.toJ v|s|cr .rJ .
sot c| scor..|cs .g.|rst .||c| st..tog|os tc .c||ovo t|o v|s|cr c.r bo .ssossoJ
St.ko|c|Jo.s Jso |r|c.n.t|cr |.cn t|o .ssoss|rg p|.so tc ov.|J.to t|o v|.b|||ty, .|sks .rJ
pctort|.| rog.t|vo t..Joc||s .sscc|.toJ .|t| t|o v|s|cr .rJ st..tog|os
St.ko|c|Jo.s .o.c| ccrsorsJs cr . s|rg|o p.o|o..oJ st..togy tc bo JsoJ |r t|o p|.rr|rg p|.so
35
|t ccvo.s .|| pcss|b|o cJtccnos, .c.st c.so .s .o|| .s nc.o ||ko|y c. |cpoJ |c. cJtccnos,
.rJ t|o.o|c.o oxp||c|t|y .JJ.ossos t|o |np.cts c| Jrco.t.|rty ||s ccrt..sts .|t| t..J|t|cr.|
.pp.c.c|os tc p|.rr|rg, b.soJ cr bost gJoss p.coct|crs c| t.orJs |r koy |.ctc.s sJc| .s ..to.
.oscJ.co .v.||.b|||ty, t|o ccrJ|t|cr c| |r|..st.JctJ.o .rJ scc|ot.| Jon.rJ
Getting started
c orsJ.o t|.t .ct|v|t|os |r t|o st..tog|s|rg p|.so Jovo|cp |rtc . ||g| ,J.||ty p.ccoss .rJ
cJtpJts, |t |s ossort|.| t|.t |r|c.n.t|cr t|.t ..s cc||octoJ JJ.|rg t|o .ssossnort p|.so |s .|Jo|y
.v.||.b|o |r .pp.cp.|.to |c.n.ts |r|c.n.t|cr p.op..oJ JJ.|rg t|o .ssossnort p|.so s|cJ|J bo
c|.cJ|.toJ .o|| |r .Jv.rco c| t|o ||.st st..tog|s|rg .ct|v|t|os |r p.op..|rg |c. t||s p|.so, orsJ.o
crco .g.|r t|.t .|| st.ko|c|Jo.s ..o ....o c| .|.t |s |.ppor|rg, .rJ JrJo.st.rJ t|o c.Jc|.|
r.tJ.o c| t||s p|.so |r |Jort||y|rg . noJ|Jn to.n st..togy t|.t |.s J|.oct |np||c.t|crs |c. t|on
Spoc|.| .ttort|cr |s .o,J|.oJ tc orsJ.o t|.t t|o pcc.ost .rJ ncst n..g|r.||soJ nonbo.s c| t|o
ccnnJr|ty ..o |rvc|voJ
|o.ssoss .rJ .norJ v|s|cr |r p..ct|co, ||.st v|s|crs torJ tc bo cvo.cpt|n|st|c .rJ rooJ tc bo
.opo.toJ|y .JJstoJ |r t|o ||g|t c| .ssoss|rg, scor..|c bJ||J|rg .rJ st..togy Jovo|cpnort
Scor..|c bJ||J|rg |o|ps st.ko|c|Jo.s tc ccno tc g.|ps .|t| t|o |r|o.ort Jrco.t.|rty |rvc|voJ
|r p|.rr|rg |c. |np.cvoJ ..to. n.r.gonort .rJ/c. ..to. so.v|co Jo||vo.y Scor..|cs
.op.osort . ..rgo c| pcss|b|o |JtJ.o c|.cJnst.rcos .g.|rst .||c| st..tog|os .rJ p|.rs tc
.c||ovo t|o v|s|cr nJst bo .ssossoJ
St..togy Jovo|cpnort .occgr|sos t|.t t|o.o ..o n.ry pcss|b|o st..tog|os, o.c| c| .||c| |.s
J|||o.ort |ovo|s c| ccst, .|sk .rJ pcs|t|vo c. rog.t|vo t..Joc||s |o pctort|.| c| o.c| st..togy
tc bo .J.ptoJ |r t|o ||g|t c| ro. |r|c.n.t|cr .|sc v..|os
|r goro..|, tost|rg c. ov.|J.t|rg st..tog|os .g.|rst scor..|cs .rJ v|s|crs, Js|rg |r|c.n.t|cr
|.cn t|o .ssoss|rg p|.so, .o,J|.os spoc|.||st krc.|oJgo .s c|ocks rooJ tc bo n.Jo cr, |c.
ox.np|o, t|o .v.||.b|||ty c| s.|o ..to. .oscJ.cos .rJ t|o c.p.c|ty c| |r|..st.JctJ.o VcJo|||rg
.pp.c.c|os c.r bo vo.y |o|p|J| JJ.|rg t||s .ct|v|ty, p..t|cJ|..|y |r .ssoss|rg .rJ ov.|J.t|rg
J|||o.ort ccnb|r.t|crs c| scor..|cs .rJ st..tog|os
|ccrcn|c .rJ ||r.rc|.| ccstboro||t .r.|ys|s |s .r |npc.t.rt tcc| tc |o|p .ssoss .|sk, .rJ tc
.o|g| t|o .o|.t|vo no.|ts c| v..|cJs .pp.c.c|os As .|t| .|| ncJo|||rg .pp.c.c|os, t||s .|sc
c.||s |c. spoc|.||st sk|||s .rJ |rpJts
Strategising process
..J|t|cr.| .pp.c.c|os tc sc|v|rg ..to..o|.toJ p.cb|ons ..o b.soJ cr p.ccossos c| st..togy
Jovo|cpnort t|.t |rc|JJo
Assossnort c| p.osort .rJ |JtJ.o rooJs |c. ..to. .rJ c| v..|cJs no.rs c| noot|rg t|oso
rooJs,
|Jort|||c.t|cr .rJ .osc|Jt|cr c| ccr|||cts bot.oor J|||o.ort Jsos .rJ Jso.s,
Sook|rg sJst.|r.b|o cpt|crs t|.t ..o occrcn|c.||y v|.b|o .rJ pc||t|c.||y .rJ scc|.||y
.ccopt.b|o,
|o..r|rg |.cn oxpo.|orco .s J|||o.ort .pp.c.c|os ..o t.|oJ
36
|o st..tog|s|rg p|.so |r cJ. |..no.c.k |rc|JJos .|| t|oso .ct|v|t|os |c.ovo., t|oy t.ko p|.co
.|t||r . p.ccoss c| st.ko|c|Jo. J|.|cgJo t|.t |.s scno .JJ|t|cr.| .tt.|bJtos
|t |s p.cb|on .rJ v|s|cr |ccJsoJ, .JJ.oss|rg c|o..|y |Jort|||oJ p.cb|ons, .|t||r . ccrtoxt c|
.c||ov|rg . c|o..|y ..t|cJ|.toJ |crg to.n v|s|cr
|t .ckrc.|oJgos t|.t t|o.o ..o .|..ys nJ|t|p|o p.t|s tc .osc|v|rg p.cb|ons .rJ .c||ov|rg
v|s|crs, .rJ t|.t Joc|J|rg bot.oor t|on |s, .t |o.st p..t|y, . pc||t|c.| |ssJo
|t .occgr|sos t|.t J|||o.ort ccJ.sos c| .ct|cr ..o .sscc|.toJ .|t| J|||o.ort |ovo|s c| .|sk, .rJ
t|.t o||oct|vo p|.rr|rg sooks tc n|r|n|so |nnoJ|.to .rJ |crgto.n .|sks
|J.|rg t|o st..tog|s|rg p|.so, st.ko|c|Jo.s, .c.k|rg .|t| t|o p.ccoss |.c|||t.t|cr to.ns
|ov|s|t .rJ JpJ.to t|o |r|t|.| v|s|cr t|.t ..s p.cJJcoJ |r t|o v|s|cr|rg p|.so ||s .ov|s|cr
t.kos p|.co JJ.|rg . v|s|cr Jovo|cpnort .c.ks|cp, .t .||c| t|o v|s|cr |s n.Jo SVA|
(spoc|||c, no.sJ..b|o, .ccopt.b|o, .o.||st|c .rJ t|nobcJrJ), t.k|rg .cccJrt c| |r|c.n.t|cr
cc||octoJ JJ.|rg t|o .ssoss|rg p|.so .rJ JpJ.toJ p.cb|on t.oos
|ov|o. .rJ JpJ.to ..to..o|.toJ scor..|cs |.cn t|o v|s|cr|rg p|.so .rJ .|sc n.ko t|on
SVA| || scor..|cs .o.o rct p.cJJcoJ JJ.|rg t|o v|s|cr|rg p|.so, t|oy .||| rooJ tc bo
Jovo|cpoJ |.cn sc..tc| |r . scor..|c bJ||J|rg .c.ks|cp
|ovo|cp . rJnbo. c| b.c.J st..tog|os, tc tost .|ot|o. t|o v|s|cr c.r bo not JrJo. .||
scor..|cs || rct, t|o v|s|cr n.y rooJ tc bo .J.ptoJ VcJo|||rg .pp.c.c|os .rJ ccstboro||t
.r.|ys|s c.r bo JsoJ tc n.ko . nc.o |c.n.| .ssossnort c| t|o ||ko|y |np.ct c| v..|cJs
st..tog|os cr t|o v|s|cr
|rJo.t.ko nc.o Jot.||oJ st..togy Jovo|cpnort, .|t| t|o .|n c| |Jort||y|rg . so.|os c|
.ct|v|t|os .||c|, t.kor tcgot|o. .||| .||c. t|o v|s|cr .c||ovoJ |r |J|| ||s s|cJ|J .osJ|t |r
. p.o|o..oJ st..togy (c. . sot c| st..tog|os) .b|o tc .c||ovo t|o v|s|cr |r t|o ncst p.cb.b|o
scor..|c(s), .rJ p.o|o..b|y |r .|| c| t|on
As |r o..||o. p|.sos c| t|o n.r.gonort cyc|o, ....oross ..|s|rg |s c.Jc|.|, sc t|.t koy st.ko|c|Jo.s
JrJo.st.rJ t|o boro||ts c| t|o .pp.c.c| .rJ JrJo.st.rJ .|.t |s oxpoctoJ c| t|on |J.t|o.
c.p.c|ty bJ||J|rg n.y .|sc bo rocoss..y |t |s ossort|.| tc |Jort||y t|o n.|r .ssJnpt|crs .rJ
c.|t|c.| |.ctc.s t|.cJg| t|o scor..|c bJ||J|rg p.ccoss tc p.cv|Jo . b.so||ro |c. .o||oct|cr .rJ
|osscr |o..r|rg .kor tcgot|o., t|o v|s|cr, scor..|cs, .rJ st..tog|os |c.n . v.|J.b|o p..t c| t|o
||r.| |cc.| ..to. n.r.gonort st..togy JccJnort
Outputs from the strategising phase
OJtpJts |.cn t|o st..tog|s|rg p|.so ..o ||ko|y tc |rc|JJo
A Jot.||oJ ..to. Jovo|cpnort v|s|cr t|.t |.s t|o sJppc.t c| .|| st.ko|c|Jo.s, |s ccrs|stort .|t|
r.t|cr.| .rJ .og|cr.| ..to. pc||c|os .rJ .occgr|sos b|cp|ys|c.| scc|ot.| ccrst..|rts cr ..to. sJpp|y
.rJ Jon.rJ
A sot c| r....t|vo scor..|cs b.soJ cr |npc.t.rt .rJ Jrco.t.|r |.ctc.s t|.t .||oct ..to. n.r.gonort
.rJ so.v|co Jo||vo.y bJt ..o cJts|Jo t|o ccrt.c| c| koy st.ko|c|Jo.s
A st..togy c. sot c| st..tog|os |c. .c||ov|rg t|o v|s|cr, .|t| . ||g| |ovo| c| st.ko|c|Jo. c.ro.s||p .rJ
.b|o tc bo JsoJ .s t|o b.s|s |c. Jot.||oJ p|.rr|rg
Output from phases 1-3
A |cc.| ..to. n.r.gonort st..togy JccJnort |c. t|o ..o. c| |rto.ost, ccrs|st|rg c| . v|s|cr, koy J.t.
|.cn .ssossnorts, scor..|cs .rJ .r .g.ooJ st..togy
37
Process for strategising phase
1. Visioning and scenario buiIding workshop
Ob|ectives
c Jovo|cp . ccnncr|y c.roJ SVA| v|s|cr c| ..to. .oscJ.cos .rJ ..to. so.v|cos |r t|o ..o. c|
|rto.ost
c Jovo|cp . sot c| ccnncr|y c.roJ scor..|cs |c. Jso |r sJbso,Jort st..tog|s|rg
Activities
SVA| v|s|cr Jovo|cpnort .c.ks|cp
Scor..|c bJ||J|rg .c.ks|cp
7ips
|o t|no .o,J|.oJ |c. t|o .c.ks|cp .||| typ|c.||y bo cro tc t.c J.ys
bct| v|s|cr|rg .rJ scor..|c bJ||J|rg .o,J|.o gJ|J.rco |.cn |.c|||t.tc.s, .rJ spoc|.||sts tc p.cJJco
||g| ,J.||ty cJtpJts ||s |s p..t|cJ|..|y t.Jo c| n.k|rg bct| v|s|cr .rJ scor..|cs SVA|
||g| ,J.||ty, .g.ooJ, .ccoss|b|o, .rJ .pp.cp.|.to |r|c.n.t|cr |s c.Jc|.| |c. t|oso .ct|v|t|os
2. AnaIysis and refinement of vision and scenarios
Ob|ectives
c c|ock t|o |rto.r.| ccrs|storcy c| scor..|cs, tc .JJ J.t. .rJ tc n.ko t|on SVA|
c ..|to Jp t|o v|s|cr .rJ scor..|cs
c .g.oo . Jo||r|t|vo vo.s|cr c| scor..|cs .ncrg st.ko|c|Jo.s
Activities
|.op..o . sJnn..y scor..|c bJ||J|rg .opc.t
S|..o J..|t .rJ ||r.||s|rg sJnn..y .opc.t
7ips
|t |s ossort|.| t|.t |r|c.n.t|cr p.cv|JoJ tc st.ko|c|Jo.s |s |r . |c.n.t .rJ |.rgJ.go t|.t t|oy c.r
o.s||y JrJo.st.rJ CccJ ccnnJr|c.t|crs sk|||s .rJ n.to.|.|s |.cn t|o |.c|||t.t|cr .rJ c.p.c|ty
Jovo|cpnort to.n ..o .s |npc.t.rt .s c.p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort .rJ t..|r|rg |c. st.ko|c|Jo.s
3. Strategy deveIopment workshop
Ob|ectives
c Jovo|cp . sot c| b.c.J st..tog|os t|.t .||| .||c. t|o v|s|cr tc bo .c||ovoJ JrJo. J|||o.ort
scor..|cs
c so|oct t|o bost st..togy |c. |J.t|o. Jovo|cpnort
Activities
St..togy .c.ks|cp
7ips
|o t|no .o,J|.oJ |c. t||s .c.ks|cp |s typ|c.||y cro J.y
St..tog|s|rg |s . ccnp|ox p.ccoss t|.t .o,J|.os .ct|vo |.c|||t.t|cr tc .c||ovo gccJ .osJ|ts |..t|c|p.rts
nJst bo sJppc.toJ |r .c.k|rg t|.cJg| t|o |cg|c c| t|o|. sJggost|crs .rJ |r .o|c.nJ|.t|rg t|on ||
rocoss..y
|| .Jv.rcoJ tcc|s sJc| .s ncJo|||rg .rJ ccstboro||t .r.|ys|s ..o JsoJ, t||s s|cJ|J rct bo Jcro
JJ.|rg .c.ks|cps, .rJ t|o .osJ|ts nJst bo p.osortoJ |r .r .pp.cp.|.to |c.n.t
4. IinaIisation of strategy, write up and feedback
Activities
V.ko |.vcJ.oJ st..togy SVA|
||scJss .rJ .g.oo .ry ||r.| v..|.t|crs .|t| sn.|| g.cJp c| st.ko|c|Jo.s .t |cc.| .rJ |rto.noJ|.to
|ovo|
\.|to Jp .rJ |c.n.||y Jo||vo. st..togy tc st.ko|c|Jo.s
7ips
|o ||r.| st..togy .|t| sJppc.t|rg n.to.|.|s |s .r |npc.t.rt JccJnort .rJ s|cJ|J bo ||r|s|oJ tc .
||g| ,J.||ty
|o |c.n.| p.osort.t|cr c| t|o ||r.| JccJnort s|cJ|J bo .ttorJoJ by st.ko|c|Jo.s |.cn bct|
|rto.noJ|.to .rJ |cc.| |ovo|
38
|l =: |lrrir_
7he aim
A p|.r |s . cc|o.ort sot c| Joc|s|crs .o|.t|rg tc t|o Jso c| .oscJ.cos t|.t, t.kor tcgot|o. .rJ
Jcro .o||, |o.Js tc .c||ovonort c| cboct|vos A p|.r |rc|JJos .r oxp||c|t st.tonort c| t|o
not|cJs tc bo JsoJ, ccsts, .ospcrs|b|||t|os, sc|oJJ|os c| .ct|v|t|os .rJ .g.ooJ t..gots ||.rr|rg |s
. ||r.| p.op...tc.y stop |c. tJ.r|rg . st..togy |rtc .o.||ty, p.op..|rg |r Jot.|| |c. |np|onort.t|cr
|o .|n c| t|o p|.rr|rg p|.so |s tc so|oct p.|c.|ty .ct|v|t|os |.cn t|o .g.ooJ st..togy, tc
Jovo|cp ||g| ,J.||ty p|.rs |c. |np|onort|rg t|on, .rJ tc orsJ.o sJ|||c|ort |JrJ|rg |c. t|o|.
|np|onort.t|cr
7he chaIIenge
boc.Jso c| t|o b.c.J, |crgto.n r.tJ.o c| t|o v|s|cr .rJ st..togy, t|o.o .||| rc.n.||y bo n.ry
.ct|v|t|os .|t||r . st..togy .||c| |.vo tc bo p.|c.|t|soJ .rJ |np|onortoJ cvo. .r oxtorJoJ
po.|cJ O|tor ||n|toJ ||r.rc|rg |s .v.||.b|o .rJ .JJ|t|cr.| scJ.cos c| |JrJ|rg rooJ tc bo
|Jort|||oJ
RefIecting
ImpIementing
PIanning
Strategising
Assessing
Visioning
A...oross
..|s|rg
|ot.||oJ p|.r
Jovo|cpnort
ScJ.c|rg
c| |JrJ|rg
Ag.oonort c| p.|c.|ty
.ct|v|t|os
orJo.|rg
c| .c.ks
PIanning
Ob|ectives of the pIanning phase
|o cboct|vos c| t|o p|.rr|rg stop ..o tc
cno tc .r .g.ooJ p.|c.|t|s.t|cr .rJ sc|oJJ||rg c| t|o J|||o.ort .ct|v|t|os t|.t n.ko Jp t|o
st..togy, .rJ t|.t t.kor tcgot|o. .||| .c||ovo t|o v|s|cr
|ovo|cp p|.rs |c. .ct|v|t|os .rJ |Jort||y .rJ socJ.o |JrJ|rg
V.|rt.|r . sorso c| st.ko|c|Jo. c.ro.s||p |c. t|o |..go. p.ccoss .|||o |ccJs|rg cr spoc|||c .ct|crs
39
||.rr|rg |s p..t|cJ|..|y c|.||org|rg, boc.Jso c| t|o |ovo| c| p.oc|s|cr .rJ Jot.|| .o,J|.oJ |r
n.k|rg .o.||st|c p|.rs t|.t c.r bo |np|onortoJ Sk|||s ..o .o,J|.oJ |c. |JrJ..|s|rg .rJ spoc|.||st
krc.|oJgo |s rooJoJ |c. p.coct |np|onort.t|cr Vc.ocvo., .|.t |.s boor, Jrt|| t||s pc|rt,
. cc|os|vo p.ccoss |rvc|v|rg .|| st.ko|c|Jo.s, st..ts tc c.to. |c. spoc|||c sJbg.cJps, c.o.t|rg
.o|.t|vo .|rro.s .rJ |cso.s
A koy c|.||orgo, t|o.o|c.o, |s tc n.|rt.|r t|o b.c.Jo. p.ccoss c| J|.|cgJo .|||o p.cJJc|rg ||g|
,J.||ty p.coct p|.rs .rJ gott|rg t|on |JrJoJ
Getting started
|o ||.st stop |r t|o p|.rr|rg p|.so |s tc ccrvo.t t|o .g.ooJ st..togy |rtc . p.|c.|t|soJ .rJ p|.soJ
sot c| .ct|v|t|os, .||c| |.vo t|o pctort|.| tc .c||ovo t|o v|s|cr |.op...t|cr |c. t||s stop ccrs|sts
p.|n..||y c| orsJ.|rg t|.t t|o.o |s c|..|ty .bcJt t|o p.o|o..oJ st..togy, .rJ t|.t t|o .o|ov.rt
spoc|.||st sk|||s ..o .v.||.b|o |c. J...|rg Jp, ccst|rg .rJ ov.|J.t|rg t|o .ct|v|t|os t|.t n.ko Jp
t|o st..togy
Sovo..| .c.ks|cps ..o .o,J|.oJ, .|t| |.c|||t.t|cr tc orsJ.o . sncct| t..rs|t|cr |.cn t|o
goro..||t|os c| st..togy Jovo|cpnort tc t|o spoc|||cs c| p.coct p|.rr|rg |t |s ossort|.| t|.t
st.ko|c|Jo.s .|cso p.cocts ..o rct p.|c.|t|soJ |c. |nnoJ|.to .ct|cr JrJo.st.rJ t|o .o.scrs
.|y, |oo| t|.t Joc|s|crs |.vo boor t.kor |r .r |crost .rJ t..rsp..ort n.rro. .rJ ccrt|rJo tc
|oo| p..t c| t|o .|Jo. p.ccoss c| |np|onort|rg t|o st..togy .rJ .c||ov|rg t|o v|s|cr
|..t|c|p.tc.y .J..| .pp..|s.| (||A) tcc|s c.r bo JsoJ JJ.|rg .c.ks|cps |c. p.|c.|t|s|rg .rJ
p|.rr|rg |.cb|on t.oos c.r .|sc bo JsoJ tc |o|p |Jort||y gc.|s, cboct|vos .rJ ox.ct ..o.s c|
|rto.vort|cr, .rJ tc cJt||ro t|o sccpo c| p.cpcsoJ .ct|v|t|os |x|st|rg p.cb|on t.oos c.r bo
.o||roJ, c. ro. cros Jovo|cpoJ |c. spoc|||c .ct|v|t|os S\O .r.|ys|s (st.orgt|s, .o.krossos,
Outputs from the pIanning phase
|o n.|r cJtpJts |.cn t|o p|.rr|rg p|.so ..o
|ot.||oJ .c.k .rJ ||r.rc|.| p|.rs |c. spoc|||c .ct|v|t|os .|t||r t|o st..togy
App.cv.|s |.cn c.g.r|s.t|crs |JrJ|rg p|.rroJ .c.k
Ag.oonort cr t|o .c|os .rJ .ospcrs|b|||t|os c| st.ko|c|Jo.s .rJ ct|o. .ctc.s (og ccrt..ctc.s)
Ag.oonort cr |rst|tJt|cr.| ....rgonorts |c. n.r.g|rg .rJ n.|rt.|r|rg ro. |r|..st.JctJ.o
Methods and tooIs usefuI in pIanning
||A tcc|s p. 64
S\O .r.|ys|s p. 7l
||.rr|rg tcc|s p. 60
|.|c.|t|s.t|cr .rJ ..rk|rg p. 73
cstboro||t .r.|ys|s p. 96
40
cppc.tJr|t|os, t|.o.ts) c.r bo vo.y Jso|J| |r |Jort||y|rg .|sks .rJ |ccJs|rg cr t|o pctort|.|
.|t||r ccnnJr|t|os .rJ ct|o. st.ko|c|Jo.s
|JrJ|rg p.cpcs.|s .rJ .ct|cr p|.rs |.vo tc bo J..|toJ .s cJtpJts c| t||s p|.so \|||o n.to.|.|s
|c. t|oso .||| ccno |.cn .c.ks|cps, t|o .ctJ.| J..|t|rg s|cJ|J bo Jcro by . sn.|| to.n
PIanning process
|o .ct|v|t|os ||stoJ .bcvo rooJ tc boccno p..t c| . b.c.Jo. p.ccoss tc .o.c| .g.oonort cr
p|.rs .rJ p.|c.|t|os A rJnbo. c| stops c.r bo |Jort|||oJ tc .c||ovo t||s
\c.k|rg .|t| t|o st.ko|c|Jo.s |r . p.|c.|t|s.t|cr .c.ks|cp tc Jovo|cp . ..rkoJ .rJ p|.soJ
||st c| .|| t|o .ct|v|t|os (tcgot|o. .|t| t|o|. .sscc|.toJ st.ko|c|Jo. g.cJps) t|.t tcgot|o.
n.ko Jp t|o p.o|o..oJ st..togy .|to.|. .rJ Jst|||c.t|crs |c. so|oct|rg t|o p.o|o..oJ st..togy
|.vo tc bo ccnnJr|c.toJ tc t|o .|Jo. ccnnJr|ty .||octoJ by sJc| c|c|cos ..rsp..orcy
.rJ cporross ..o c.Jc|.| tc n.|rt.|r bJy|r tc t|o p.ccoss by .|| .o|ov.rt g.cJps
|oporJ|rg cr t|o rJnbo. c| st.ko|c|Jo.s .rJ |rJ|v|JJ.|s |rvc|voJ, t||s n.y .o,J|.o .
rJnbo. c| .c.ks|cps tc ccvo. .|| t|o st.ko|c|Jo.s, soctc.s c. Jso. g.cJps |Jort|||oJ |r
p.ov|cJs p|.sos |.c| .c.ks|cp |Jort|||os pctort|.| p.cocts
||s |s |c||c.oJ by . syrt|os|s .c.ks|cp tc b.|rg tcgot|o. .|| g.cJps .rJ |Jort||y p.|c.|ty
p.cocts
Orco p.|c.|t|os |.vo boor .g.ooJ, p|.rr|rg .c.ks|cps c.r bo c...|oJ cJt .|t| t|o
st.ko|c|Jo.s .|c .||| bo |rvc|voJ |r o.c| .ct|v|ty c. g.cJp c| .ct|v|t|os |..t|c|p.rts |Jort||y
b.ckg.cJrJ |Jo.s .rJ n.to.|.|s |c. Jot.||oJ p|.rs, .s .o|| .s Jot.||oJ p.coct Josc.|ptc.s
|oso |rc|JJo p.coctspoc|||c gc.|s, cboct|vos, .ct|v|t|os, oxpoctoJ cJtpJts, koy st.ko|c|Jo.s,
.c|os .rJ .ospcrs|b|||t|os, bJJgots .rJ |JrJ|rg .o,J|.onorts |.cb|on t.oos, ||A tcc|s .rJ
S\O .r.|ys|s ..o .|| Jso|J| tcc|s |c. t|oso .c.ks|cps
cstboro||t .r.|ys|s c| J|||o.ort |rto.vort|crs |s . c.Jc|.| tcc| tc |o|p |r Joc|s|cr n.k|rg
|t |s |npc.t.rt tc orsJ.o t|.t t|oso .r.|ysos .rJ sJbso,Jort Joc|s|crs Jc rct rog.t|vo|y
|np.ct cr n..g|r.||soJ g.cJps
|c||c.|rg t|o p.|c.|t|s.t|cr .rJ p|.rr|rg .c.ks|cps, . sn.||o. g.cJp .c.ks tc Jovo|cp .ct|cr
p|.rs .rJ |JrJ|rg p.cpcs.|s ||s g.cJp s|cJ|J bo sn.|| orcJg| tc .c.k o||oct|vo|y bJt .t
t|o s.no t|no .on.|r .op.osort.t|vo |Jo.||y |t s|cJ|J ccrt.|r nonbo.s c| .op.osort.t|vo
c.g.r|s.t|crs sJc| .s bOs, .s .o|| .s ct|o. st.ko|c|Jo.s .rJ toc|r|c.| sJppc.t st.|| .|o.o
.o,J|.oJ
|J.|rg t|o p.op...t|cr c| Jot.||oJ p|.rs, |t |s |npc.t.rt tc |Jort||y .rJ .JJ.oss sJst.|r.b|||ty
|ssJos, p..t|cJ|..|y .o|.t|rg tc c.p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort
cnpot|t|vo torJo.|rg p.ccoJJ.os s|cJ|J bo JsoJ |c. .ct|v|t|os t|.t .o,J|.o |..go c.p|t.|
oxporJ|tJ.o c. |r, |c. ox.np|o, t|o p.op...t|cr c| ccrt..cts |c. c|v|| .c.ks tc orsJ.o t|.t ccsts
..o n|r|n|soJ |t |s .|sc |npc.t.rt tc orsJ.o t|.t t|o.o |s t..rsp..orcy .|t| .og..J tc t|o ||r.rc|.|
p|.rs .rJ torJo.|rg p.ccossos A|| st.ko|c|Jo.s s|cJ|J |.vo .ccoss tc ||r.rc|.| |r|c.n.t|cr .rJ
tc ccstboro||t .rJ v.|Jo|c.ncroy .r.|ys|s || .o|ov.rt, stops s|cJ|J .|sc bo t.kor .t t||s st.go
tc n|r|n|so t|o ||ko|||ccJ t|.t pctort|.| boro||ts ..o c.ptJ.oJ by o||tos
4l
|o p|.rr|rg p.ccoss s|cJ|J ccrs|Jo. .o,J|.onorts |c. c.p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort |c. |rJ|v|JJ.|s c.
|rst|tJt|crs t|.t n.y |.vo tc t.ko cr ro. .c|os .rJ/c. .ospcrs|b|||t|os
crt|rJoJ onp|.s|s |s rooJoJ cr ccnnJr|c.t|cr, J|.|cgJo .rJ |r|c.n.t|cr s|..|rg .|t| t|o
.|Jo. st.ko|c|Jo. g.cJp |rvc|voJ |r Jovo|cp|rg p|.rs tc .c||ovo t|o v|s|cr ||s s|cJ|J bo
|rst|tJt|cr.||soJ |rtc .r crgc|rg p.ccoss, c|cso|y ||rkoJ tc t|o |o..r|rg p.ccoss |r t|o .o||oct|rg
p|.so
42
Process for the pIanning phase
1. Prioritisation workshop(s)
Ob|ectives
c Jovo|cp . p.|c.|ty ||st c| .ct|v|t|os .o|.toJ tc t|o c|csor st..togy
c |Jort||y st.ko|c|Jo.s |c. o.c| .ct|v|ty
Activities
|.|c.|t|s.t|cr .c.ks|cp(s) .|t| J|||o.ort st.ko|c|Jo.s .rJ ..to. Jso.s
7ips
|oso .c.ks|cps .||| typ|c.||y |.st |c. cro J.y o.c|
|ovo|cp|rg . sc|oJJ|o c| .ct|v|t|os |o|ps tc s|c. pocp|o t|.t t|o|. |rto.osts .||| bo .JJ.ossoJ
ovortJ.||y, ovor || t|oy |.vo rct boor g|vor p.|c.|ty |c. |nnoJ|.to |np|onort.t|cr
2. PIanning workshop(s)
Ob|ectives
c |Jort||y t|o cJt||ros c| p.coct .ct|v|t|os gc.|s, cboct|vos, .ct|v|t|os, cJtpJts, st.ko|c|Jo.s
c |Jort||y nonbo.s tc c|r t|o p.coct/p.cpcs.| ..|t|rg to.n
Activities
|.cb|on t.oo (spoc|||c |c. .ct|v|ty)
|ovo|cp ||st c| spoc|||c gc.|s, cboct|vos, .ct|v|t|os p.cb|on st.tonort
Ar.|yso pc.o. .rJ krc.|oJgo c| st.ko|c|Jo.s
S\O .r.|ys|s |ccJsoJ cr cboct|vos (|c. .|sk .ssossnort .rJ tc |Jort||y st.ko|c|Jo.s c.r
pctort|.|s)
|ovo|cp .r .ct|cr p|.r |c. p.cpcsoJ p.cocts
3. DeveIopment of action pIans and funding proposaIs
Ob|ectives
c |.vo . c|o.., .o|| ..|ttor p.coct .ct|cr p|.r .rJ/c. |JrJ|rg p.cpcs.|
Activities
\.|to .ct|cr p|.r, .rJ .|o.o rocoss..y . |JrJ|rg p.cpcs.|
cnnJr|c.to .|t| .|Jo. g.cJp c| |rvc|voJ st.ko|c|Jo.s, p..t|cJ|..|y .|o.o Joc|s|cr n.k|rg
|s .o,J|.oJ
7ips
crs|Jo..b|o t|no n.y bo rooJoJ tc ..|to .rJ rogct|.to, p..t|cJ|..|y |r |..go c. ccnp|ox
p.cpcs.|s |t |s |npc.t.rt tc koop st.ko|c|Jo.s Jp tc J.to cr t|o |.tost Jovo|cpnorts |r .
p.c.ct|vo n.rro.
4. 7endering and awarding contracts for activities
Ob|ectives
c |Jort||y, |r . t..rsp..ort n.rro., . p.o|o..oJ ccrt..ctc. tc c...y cJt .c.k
Activities
|st.b||s| . torJo.|rg p.ccoJJ.o orsJ.o . |og.| .rJ t..rsp..ort p.ccoss (.rrcJrconorts |r
ro.sp.po.s otc) JrJo. t|o ccrt.c| c| t|o .oc|p|orts (.|t||r t|o .J|os c| |JrJ|rg .gorc|os)
43
|l L: |rplrrcir_
7he aim
|np|onort.t|cr |s t|o p|.so .|o.o v|s|crs .rJ p|.rs boccno . .o.||ty ||s |s .|o.o p.cg..nnos
..o pJt |rtc o||oct, .|o.o |r|..st.JctJ.o |s st.orgt|oroJ .rJ .|o.o ro. ..ys c| .c.k|rg ..o
|rt.cJJcoJ |o .|n |s tc .c||ovo cboct|vos, .|t| . |ccJs cr o||oct|voross, ccsto|||c|orcy .rJ
,J.||ty
7he chaIIenge
|np|onort.t|cr b.|rgs . ro. sot c| c|.||orgos tc orsJ.o ||g| ,J.||ty .c.k, t..rsp..ort
||r.rc|.| ....rgonorts, o||oct|vo c.p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort .rJ .|| t|o .spocts c| gccJ p.coct
n.r.gonort |.y tc J.y ccrt.c| c| |np|onort.t|cr |s ||ko|y tc bo .|t| spoc|.||st .gorc|os c.
ccnp.r|os |o .c|o c| t|o |.c|||t.t|cr to.n |s tc orsJ.o t|.t st.ko|c|Jo. |rvc|vonort .rJ .
|ccJs cr t|o pcc. ccrt|rJo (sc t|.t boro||ts ..o rct c.ptJ.oJ by o||tos) .rJ t|.t |osscrs |o..roJ
JJ.|rg |np|onort.t|cr ..o |rcc.pc..toJ |rtc t|o n.r.gonort cyc|o
RefIecting
ImpIementing
PIanning
Strategising
Assessing
Visioning
V.|rt.|r|rg
ccnnJr|c.t|crs
\c.ks
|np|onort.t|cr
J.||ty
ccrt.c|
|..||c.t|cr c|
.c|os
.cJb|o
s|cct|rg
ImpIementing
Ob|ectives of the impIementing phase
c n.r.go t|o |np|onort.t|cr c| t|o .ct|v|t|os |Jort|||oJ .rJ p|.rroJ |c. |r p.ov|cJs p|.sos |r
.r o||oct|vo, ccsto|||c|ort, .rJ ||g| ,J.||ty ..y
c orsJ.o t|.t ro. |r|..st.JctJ.o, ro. |rst|tJt|crs .rJ ro. scJ.cos c| ..to. ..o sJst.|r.b|o |r
ovo.y .ospoct
c orsJ.o t|.t .ry Jr|c.osoor ccr|||cts t|.t n|g|t ..|so JJ.|rg t||s st.go ..o .osc|voJ
c orsJ.o t..rsp..orcy .|t| .og..J tc ||r.rcos
c orsJ.o t|.t pctort|.| boro||ts ..o rct c.ptJ.oJ by o||tos .t t|o oxporso c| pcc.o. scc|.|
g.cJps
44
Getting started
A rJnbo. c| .ct|crs rooJ tc bo t.kor bo|c.o .c.k c.r bog|r tc |np|onort t|o Jot.||oJ .ct|cr
p|.r |oso |rc|JJo
Sc|oJJ||rg .ct|v|t|os .rJ |Jort||y|rg pctort|.| bctt|orocks
|rsJ.|rg t|.t noc|.r|sns ox|st tc |.rJ|o Jr|c.osoor p.cb|ons c. ccr|||cts
|st.b||s||rg . ncr|tc.|rg .rJ ov.|J.t|cr (V|) |..no.c.k, ||rkoJ tc t|o .o||oct|rg p|.so
|o |.c|||t.t|cr to.n |s Jr||ko|y tc |o.J t|oso .ct|v|t|os, .|t|cJg| t|oy s|cJ|J .on.|r |rvc|voJ
.rJ sJppc.t t|o cvo..|| p.ccoss
A rJnbo. c| tcc|s |.vo boor |rc|JJoJ |r |.pto. 5 |c.ovo., t|oso c||o. cr|y . b.|o| |rt.cJJct|cr
tc ccnp|ox p.ccossos, .||c| nJst bo c...|oJ cJt .|t||r t|o rc.ns .rJ |og.| |..no.c.ks c| t|o
ccJrt.y
|oy Joc|s|crs, .ct|v|t|os .rJ tcc|s |c. t||s p|.so |rc|JJo
|oc|J|rg t|o oxtort tc .||c| p|.rs ..o tc bo |np|onortoJ by st.ko|c|Jo.s .rJ/c. Jso.s
csts c.r bo n|r|n|soJ .rJ c.ro.s||p c.r bo or|.rcoJ || st.ko|c|Jo.s .rJ/c. Jso.s t.ko .
||g| |ovo| c| .ospcrs|b|||ty |c. |np|onort|rg . p|.r
Act|v|t|os .||c| by t|o|. r.tJ.o ..o croc|| c. s|c.tto.n, sJc| .s ccrst.Jct|rg |r|..st.JctJ.o
c. st.orgt|or|rg t|o c.p.c|ty c| .r |rst|tJt|cr (.||c| ..o J|||o.ort |r r.tJ.o tc ccrt|rJcJs
c. |crgto.n .ct|v|t|os sJc| .s cpo..t|cr .rJ n.|rtor.rco), ..o bost |.rJ|oJ Js|rg not|cJs
.rJ tcc|s t|.t c.r bo |cJrJ |r p.coct n.r.gonort n.rJ.|s
Vcr|tc.|rg .rJ ov.|J.t|cr, .rJ ,J.||ty ccrt.c| ..o |npc.t.rt ccnpcrorts c| |np|onort|rg
. p|.r \|or .c.k |s Jcro by st.ko|c|Jo.s .rJ/c. Jso.s, .g.ooJ ,J.||ty st.rJ..Js nJst bo
not \|or .c.k |s Jcro JrJo. ccrt..ct, ,J.||ty st.rJ..Js s|cJ|J bo spoc|||oJ JJ.|rg t|o
torJo.|rg p.ccoss .rJ |r sJbso,Jort ccrt..cts |r scno c.sos, t|o.o .||| bo n|r|nJn |og.|
st.rJ..Js
7ooIs usefuI in the impIementing phase
Actc. .rJ t.sk .r.|ys|s p. l02
J.||ty .ssJ..rco .rJ ccrt.c| p. 85
.p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort p. ll3
cr|||ct n.r.gonort p. l2l
Vcr|tc.|rg .rJ ov.|J.t|cr p. l25
|.ccoss JccJnort.t|cr p. l30
Process for the impIementing phase
yp|c.| .ct|v|t|os |c. t|o |.c|||t.t|cr .rJ c.p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort to.n |rc|JJo
|rsJ.|rg c|..|ty c| .c|os .rJ .ospcrs|b|||t|os c| st.ko|c|Jo.s
V.|rt.|r|rg t|o .|Jo. J|.|cgJo .o|.toJ tc t|o v|s|cr, .rJ orsJ.|rg t|.t t|o .ct|v|t|os JrJo.t.kor
|r t||s stop |ooJ |rtc |t
|o.o |s rc |rJ|c.t|vo t|no |..no |c. t||s stop, .s |t |s ort|.o|y ccrtoxt spoc|||c
45
ImpIementing process
|o.o ..o rc |..go .c.ks|cp typo .ct|v|t|os |c. |np|onort.t|cr, oxpoct .|o.o t|oso ..o
p..t c| .ct|v|t|os sJc| .s c.p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort c. ....oross ..|s|rg A sn.||, .op.osort.t|vo
|np|onort.t|cr to.n s|cJ|J bo |Jort|||oJ |.cn st.ko|c|Jo. g.cJps J|.oct|y |rvc|voJ |r t|o
.c.k
||s g.cJp s|cJ|J bo sn.|| orcJg| tc or.b|o o||oct|vo Joc|s|cr n.k|rg, bJt |..go orcJg| tc
orsJ.o t|.t .||octoJ st.ko|c|Jo.s ..o kopt Jp tc J.to cr p.cg.oss ||s |s p..t|cJ|..|y |npc.t.rt
|r .JJ.oss|rg p.cb|ons .rJ n.k|rg .onoJ|.| Joc|s|crs
Act|v|t|os .|o.o st.ko|c|Jo. |rvc|vonort |s p..t|cJ|..|y .pp.cp.|.to |rc|JJo
Vcr|tc.|rg .rJ ov.|J.t|cr, ,J.||ty ccrt.c|, c.p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort tc orsJ.o sJst.|r.b|||ty
|rsJ.|rg t|.t .o|ov.rt cJtpJts c| V| ..o |oJ |rtc |o..r|rg .rJ .o||oct|cr .|t||r t|o .|Jo.
p.ccoss c| .c||ov|rg t|o v|s|cr
.cJb|os|cct|rg .rJ ccr|||ct .osc|Jt|cr .|o.o rocoss..y
cnnJr|c.t|cr .rJ ....oross ..|s|rg .bcJt .ct|v|t|os .rJ .bcJt t|o ||rks bot.oor
.ct|v|t|os .rJ t|o .|Jo. v|s|cr
Outputs from the impIementing phase
|o n.|r cJtpJts c| |np|onort.t|cr ..o
|.cocts c...|oJ cJt .|t||r bJJgot tc . ||g| ,J.||ty .rJ |r .ccc.J.rco .|t| .g.ooJ p|.rs
|o.. .g.oonorts .rJ JrJo.st.rJ|rgs .bcJt .c|os, .ospcrs|b|||t|os .rJ c.ro.s||p c| p.cocts
|osJ|ts |.cn V| t|.t sJppc.t .o||oct|cr .rJ |o..r|rg
46
|l E: |flccir_
7he aim
c t.ko t|no cJt c| p.ccossos |c. oxp||c|t |o..r|rg .rJ s|..|rg |o .|n c| t|o .o||oct|rg p|.so
|s tc bJ||J .r o||oct|vo p.ccoss c| ccrt|rJcJs .o||oct|cr .rJ |o..r|rg |.cn oxpo.|orco |rtc t|o
n.r.gonort cyc|o .rJ |orco |rtc t|o J.y tc J.y .pp||c.t|cr c| ..to. gcvo.r.rco
7he chaIIenge
|o||oct|cr |s |||Jst..toJ .|t||r t|o n.r.gonort cyc|o .s . spoc|||c p|.so bot.oor
|np|onort.t|cr .rJ v|s|cr|rg JrJo.||r|rg t|o cboct|vo c| |rst|tJt|cr.||soJ |o..r|rg .rJ
.J.pt|vo n.r.gonort |c.ovo., |r p..ct|co, .o||oct|cr |s .|sc . c.csscJtt|rg t|ono .t ovo.y
st.go c| t|o cyc|o |o c|.||orgo |s tc bJ||J . |.b|t c| .o||oct|cr, |o..r|rg .rJ .J.pt.t|cr |rtc .||
.ct|v|t|os |r t|o n.r.gonort cyc|o
||s no.rs
|o.sJ.J|rg bJsy pocp|o tc t.ko t|no cJt |.cn t|o|. J.y tc J.y t.sks tc .o||oct |r . st.JctJ.oJ
..y b.soJ Jpcr t|o|. oxpo.|orcos, .rJ
|rsJ.|rg t|.t t||s .o||oct|cr |o.Js tc .o.| c|.rgos |r |c. t||rgs ..o Jcro
Re0ecting
ImpIementing
PIanning
Strategising
Assessing
Visioning
A...oross
..|s|rg
|.cg.oss
ncr|tc.|rg
Ar.|ys|s
.rJ .opc.t|rg
|ovo|cpnort
c| |rJ|c.tc.s
S|..|rg
.rJ |o..r|rg
Re0ecting
Ob|ectives of the refIecting phase
c bJ||J c.p.c|ty |c. .o||oct|cr .rJ |o..r|rg |rtc st.ko|c|Jo. p|.t|c.ns, .rJ |rtc |rto..ct|crs
bot.oor p|.t|c.ns .t |cc.| .rJ |rto.noJ|.to |ovo|s
c |rst|tJto p.ccoss JccJnort.t|cr .ct|v|t|os tc sJppc.t |o..r|rg
c c.o.to . |..no.c.k |c. |r|c.n.t|cr .rJ krc.|oJgo n.r.gonort, .rJ |c. ccnnJr|c.t|crs
t|.t sJppc.t |o..r|rg
47
Getting started
Vcr|tc.|rg .rJ |o..r|rg |..no.c.ks ..o .|ncst .|..ys soor .s . gccJ |Jo., bJt ..o c|tor
|grc.oJ c. Jc.rg..JoJ |r |npc.t.rco .s .oscJ.cos .rJ |ccJs s|||t tc Jc|rg t||rgs |o ncst
|npc.t.rt |ssJo |s t|o.o|c.o tc c.o.to . Jos|.o |c. |o..r|rg .rJ . |oo||rg .ncrg st.ko|c|Jo.s t|.t
by c.o.t|rg noc|.r|sns |c. |o..r|rg .rJ s|..|rg |osscrs, t|oy c.r |np.cvo t|o|. c.r ||vos bo
|t .s so.v|co Jso.s c. p.cv|Jo.s |o..r|rg |s .r |npc.t.rt p..t c| t|o .|Jo. onpc.o.nort .rJ
sJst.|r.b|||ty .gorJ. sot by t||s |..no.c.k c| gJ|Jo||ros
|rvc|v|rg pcc. .rJ n..g|r.||soJ pocp|o |r t||s p.ccoss |s p..t|cJ|..|y c|.||org|rg, .s t|oy c|tor
|.vo t|o |o.st t|no .rJ .oscJ.cos tc .ttorJ noot|rgs .rJ t.ko p..t |r t|o rocoss..y p.ccossos
|c. .o||oct|cr .rJ |o..r|rg
|o n.|r o|onort .o,J|.oJ |c. .o||oct|cr .rJ |o..r|rg |s . st.ko|c|Jo. p|.t|c.n .o.t|rg
....oross c| t|o |npc.t.rco c| st.JctJ.oJ |o..r|rg .rJ .J.pt.t|cr |r sJc| p|.t|c.ns s|cJ|J
bog|r .t t|o st..t c| t|o .|c|o p.ccoss, .s p..t c| t|o v|s|cr|rg p|.so A ..rgo c| |r|c.n.t|cr
n.r.gonort tcc|s ox|sts tc sJppc.t |o..r|rg .rJ .o||oct|cr, |rc|JJ|rg p.ccoss JccJnort.t|cr,
ncr|tc.|rg |..no.c.ks, borc|n..k|rg, |r|c.n.t|cr n.r.gonort |c.ovo., |t |s |npc.t.rt t|.t
t|o p|.t|c.ns ..o rct cvo..|o|noJ by |r.pp.cp.|.to|y ccnp|ox |r|c.n.t|cr A koy .c|o c| t|o
|.c|||t.t|cr to.n |s tc noJ|.to t|o ||c. c| |r|c.n.t|cr bot.oor st.ko|c|Jo.s .t J|||o.ort |ovo|s
tc orsJ.o t|.t |t |s .pp.cp.|.to .rJ .ccoss|b|o ||s |s t.Jo bct| |r t|o |r|t|.| p|.sos .rJ |r |crg
to.n n.|rtor.rco .c.k
RefIecting process
|o||oct|cr t.kos p|.co .|orovo. . g.cJp c| pocp|o Joc|Jos tc |cck cboct|vo|y .t t||rgs t|.t
|.pporoJ .rJ tc JrJo.st.rJ .|y t|oy |.pporoJ, .rJ t|o n.rro. |r .||c| t|oy c.no .bcJt
A||c.|rg sp.co |c. st.JctJ.oJ .rJ Jrst.JctJ.oJ |o..r|rg t|.cJg|cJt t|o .|c|o n.r.gonort
cyc|o |s ossort|.| ||s c.r bo c.o.toJ |r t|o |c.n c| b.|o| .o||oct|cr po.|cJs .t t|o orJ c| o.c|
n.c. .ct|v|ty (.c.ks|cps otc), .|JoJ by p.ccoss JccJnort.t|cr ||g|||g|t|rg c|.rgos .rJ
oxp|c.|rg scno c| t|o .o.scrs bo||rJ t|on |o..r|rg s|cJ|J bo sJppc.toJ by ncr|tc.|rg koy
|rJ|c.tc.s |c.ovo., c..o s|cJ|J bo t.kor tc orsJ.o t|.t ncr|tc.|rg |s ||g|t .rJ .pp.cp.|.to tc
t|o rooJs c| t|o |cc.| st.ko|c|Jo.s, ..t|o. t|.r Jos|groJ tc noot t|o rooJs c| cJts|Jo .gorc|os
S|..|rg .rJ ccnp..|rg oxpo.|orcos bot.oor st.ko|c|Jo.s .|t| s|n||.. |rto.osts .rJ .ct|v|t|os
(|c. ox.np|o bot.oor v|||.go bOs) c.r bo . pc.o.|J| tcc| |c. .o||oct|cr, .rJ c.r bo sJppc.toJ
by borc|n..k|rg S|..|rg oxpo.|orcos .rJ st.JctJ.oJ |o..r|rg bot.oor st.ko|c|Jo.s .t J|||o.ort
|ovo|s (|o v|||.go .rJ gcvo.rc..to) |s .|sc ossort|.| ||s rooJs tc bo n.|rst.o.noJ |rtc t|o .|Jo.
p.ccoss c| ccnnJr|c.t|cr .rJ |r|c.n.t|cr ||c. bot.oor p|.t|c.ns .t J|||o.ort |ovo|s
7ooIs usefuI in the refIecting phase
|r|c.n.t|cr n.r.gonort p. 94
|.ccoss JccJnort.t|cr p. l30
Vcr|tc.|rg .rJ ov.|J.t|cr p. l25
borc|n..k|rg p. l27
Son|st.JctJ.oJ J|scJss|cr p. 69
48
|t |s |npc.t.rt, || t|o |o..r|rg p.ccoss |s tc bo o||oct|vo, t|.t t|cso .|c t.ko p..t |r .o||oct|rg .rJ
|o..r|rg .ct|v|t|os |.vo . sJ|||c|ort|y pc.o.|J| .op.osort.t|vo |Jrct|cr .|t||r t|o st.ko|c|Jo.
|rst|tJt|cr |.cn .||c| t|oy ..o J...r, sc t|.t .osJ|ts .rJ ccrc|Js|crs ..o |oJ b.ck, .ctoJ cr
.rJ |o.J tc c|.rgo |r t|o .bsorco c| sJc| .r |rto.r.| |rst|tJt|cr.| p.ccoss, |o..r|rg |s ||ko|y tc
.on.|r .t t|o |ovo| c| |rJ|v|JJ.|s cr|y
Outputs from the refIecting phase
Act|vo p..t|c|p.t|cr c| st.ko|c|Jo.s |r |o..r|rg .rJ .o||oct|cr
Orgc|rg p.ccoss c| |r|c.n.t|cr oxc|.rgo bot.oor koy st.ko|c|Jo.s
|..no.c.k s|c.|rg p.cg.oss tc...Js .c||ovonort c| t|o v|s|cr, |rc|JJ|rg ,J.rt|t.t|vo .rJ
,J.||t.t|vo |rJ|c.t|crs
Process for the refIecting phase
Ob|ectives
Act|vo |rvc|vonort c| st.ko|c|Jo.s |r |o..r|rg .rJ .o||oct|cr
Orgc|rg p.ccoss c| |r|c.n.t|cr oxc|.rgo bot.oor koy st.ko|c|Jo.s
Activities
|.|so ....oross c| |o..r|rg .rJ .o||oct|cr .|t||r nJ|t|st.ko|c|Jo. p|.t|c.ns
SJppc.t |o..r|rg cboct|vos .|t||r .|Jo. |r|c.n.t|cr n.r.gonort systons (|o ncr|tc. koy
|rJ|c.tc.s)
V.ko |r|c.n.t|cr p.cJJcts .rJ cJtpJts c| p.ccoss JccJnort.t|cr .v.||.b|o tc st.ko|c|Jo.s
|r .r .pp.cp.|.to |c.n.t
|Jort||y .rJ Jovo|cp |r|c.n.t|cr .rJ krc.|oJgo n.r.gonort p.ccossos .rJ p.ccoJJ.os,
|rc|JJ|rg gccJ .rJ |.o,Jort ccnnJr|c.t|cr bot.oor |ovo|s
7ips
|o .oscJ.cos .||c| c.r bo pJt tc...Js .o||oct|cr .rJ |o..r|rg v..y g.o.t|y bot.oor
st.ko|c|Jo.s .rJ |ovo|s At |rto.noJ|.to |ovo|, .o||oct|cr .||| rooJ tc bo JrJo.p|rroJ by
|c.n.| |r|c.n.t|cr n.r.gonort systons .rJ ccnnJr|c.t|cr st..tog|os At |cc.| |ovo| |t c.r
bo nc.o |r|c.n.|, .|t|cJg| |t s|cJ|J, .s nJc| .s pcss|b|o, bo b.soJ cr t|o cJtpJts c| .
|cc.||y c.roJ ncr|tc.|rg p.cg..nno
|t |s |npc.t.rt tc orsJ.o t|.t J|.|cgJo ccrt|rJos bot.oor |ovo|s (.s .o|| .s .|t||r o.c| |ovo|),
.s |t |s |o.o t|.t t|o |rto.p|.y bot.oor pc||cy .rJ p..ct|co |s cbso.voJ ncst c|cso|y
CHecer E
5l
Clpcr L. |clcc rc cccl fcr cl
E||CVE|E pprccl
|o tcc|s .rJ not|cJc|cg|os Josc.|boJ |o.o |o|p tc g|vo s|.po tc t|o ||.st |cJ. p|.sos c|
t|o .pp.c.c|, |o.J|rg |.cn t|o Jovo|cpnort c| .r |r|t|.| v|s|cr, t|.cJg| t|o .ssoss|rg .rJ
st..tog|s|rg p|.sos .rJ crtc t|o Jovo|cpnort c| Jot.||oJ |np|onort.t|cr p|.rs
||s c|.pto. ccrt.|rs . sot c| 31 not|cJs .rJ tcc|s |c. .ct|v|t|os |Jort|||oJ |r t|o Josc.|pt|crs
c| J|||o.ort p|.sos c| t|o cyc|o |r scno c.sos t|o toxt Josc.|bos not|cJs |c. |np|onort|rg
p|.sos c| t|o n.r.gonort cyc|o sJc| .s v|s|cr|rg .rJ p|.rr|rg |r ct|o. c.sos, .|.t ycJ .|||
||rJ |o.o |s . Josc.|pt|cr c| . tcc| tc bo JsoJ .|t||r cro c. nc.o c| t|o n.r.gonort p|.sos |c.
. nc.o Jot.||oJ J|scJss|cr c| t|o .|ns .rJ c|.||orgos c| o.c| p..t c| t|o n.r.gonort cyc|o,
t|o .o.Jo. s|cJ|J |cck b.ck tc |.pto. 4
cc|s .rJ not|cJc|cg|os ..o g.cJpoJ .ccc.J|rg tc t|o|. Jso .rJ p|.co .|t||r t|o cvo..||
n.r.gonort cyc|o |o Jso. |s c| ccJ.so |.oo tc oxpo.|nort .rJ |rrcv.to .|t| J|||o.ort
ccnb|r.t|crs .rJ so,Jorcos .rJ tc Jso tcc|s .|o.ovo. t|oy soon tc bo Jso|J| As t|o cvo..||
n.r.gonort cyc|o |s .r |to..t|vo p.ccoss, tcc|s n.y bo JsoJ nc.o t|.r crco
52
Ob|ectives
c Jovo|cp . p.oc|so .rJ s|..oJ Josc.|pt|cr c| |c. . g.cJp c| st.ko|c|Jo.s .cJ|J ||ko t|o ..to.
.oscJ.cos .rJ ..to. so.v|cos tc bo |r t|o|. ..o. c| |rto.ost tc bo .t scno |JtJ.o t|no
|c. . g.cJp c| st.ko|c|Jo.s tc .o.c| . ccrsorsJs cr t|o|. v|s|cr
c p.cJJco . v|s|cr t|.t c.r p.cv|Jo . ccnncr |ccJs .rJ t..got |c. st..tog|os .rJ p|.rs .|noJ
.t n.r.g|rg .rJ |np.cv|rg ..to. so.v|cos
\iicrir_
A v|s|cr|rg p.ccoss |s JsoJ tc Jovo|cp . p.oc|so .rJ s|..oJ Josc.|pt|cr c| |c. .r |rJ|v|JJ.| c.
. g.cJp c| st.ko|c|Jo.s .cJ|J ||ko t|o ..to. .oscJ.cos .rJ ..to. so.v|cos tc bo |r t|o|. ..o. c|
|rto.ost .t scno |JtJ.o t|no
MateriaIs and resources
|o n.|r .ct|v|t|os .o|.toJ tc v|s|cr|rg JsJ.||y t.ko p|.co JJ.|rg .c.ks|cps .rJ . ..rgo c|
.c.ks|cp n.to.|.|s .||| bo .o,J|.oJ |oso |rc|JJo c..Js, |||p c|..ts .rJ pors Spoc|.||st sJppc.t
n.y .|sc bo rocoss..y JJ.|rg .c.ks|cps tc orsJ.o t|.t v|s|crs ..o .o.||st|c .rJ .c||ov.b|o
Spoc|.||st sJppc.t n.y .|sc bo .o,J|.oJ .|or st..tog|os |c. .c||ov|rg v|s|crs ..o ov.|J.toJ .rJ,
.|or v|s|crs |.vo tc bo .ov|soJ boc.Jso rcro c| t|o st..tog|os |Jort|||oJ |.vo t|o pctort|.| tc
.c||ovo t|o p.cv|s|cr.| v|s|cr
|oporJ|rg cr t|o sc.|o .rJ ccnp|ox|ty c| t|o ..o. c| |rto.ost, t|o rJnbo. c| st.ko|c|Jo.s,
.rJ t|o p.ccoss tc bo |c||c.oJ, t|o v|s|cr|rg c.r t.ko p|.co |r . s|rg|o c. . so.|os c| .c.ks|cps
|c.ovo., tc .c||ovo . .o.||st|c v|s|cr, t|o.o |s .|..ys gc|rg tc bo . rooJ |c. scno |c.n c|
|to..t|cr bot.oor v|s|cr|rg, |r|c.n.t|cr cc||oct|cr .rJ .r.|ys|s, .rJ st..tog|s|rg
Methods
|r t|o n.r.gonort cyc|o, .r |r|t|.| v|s|cr |s p.cJJcoJ JJ.|rg t|o v|s|cr|rg p|.so ||s |s t|or
|np.cvoJ .rJ ||r.||soJ JJ.|rg t|o st..tog|s|rg p|.so |o v|s|cr|rg p.ccoss p.cv|Jos .r oxco||ort
no.rs c| p.cnct|rg J|.|cgJo bot.oor st.ko|c|Jo.s .rJ b.o.k|rg Jc.r .ry |r||b|t|crs c. Joop
so.toJ .rt.gcr|sns t|.t n|g|t ox|st |t |s .|sc rct.b|o t|.t st.ko|c|Jo.s c|tor got ccrs|Jo..b|o
p|o.sJ.o .rJ . st.crg sorso c| .c||ovonort |.cn . .o|| |.c|||t.toJ v|s|cr|rg p.ccoss
Coro.|c stops t|.t c.r bo JsoJ |c. Jovo|cp|rg . ccnncr v|s|cr ..o
Step 1: |o.c| .g.oonort cr t|o ..o. c| |rto.ost .rJ t|o t|no|..no |c. .||c| t|o v|s|cr|rg |s tc
t.ko p|.co |rsJ.o t|.t .|| st.ko|c|Jo.s ..o .Jo,J.to|y .op.osortoJ |r t|o p.ccoss
Step 2: |Jort||y t|o n.|r |ssJos t|.t ..o tc bo |rc|JJoJ |r t|o v|s|cr |ssJos c.r bo |Jort|||oJ
.rJ g.cJpoJ Js|rg . ccnb|r.t|cr c| toc|r|,Jos t|.t |rc|JJo p.cb|on t.oo .r.|ys|s .rJ
b..|rstc.n|rg, Js|rg c..Js .rJ/c. . c|ock ||st p.cv|JoJ by t|o |.c|||t.tc.s Spoc|.||st krc.|oJgo
c. ox|st|rg v|s|crs c.r .|sc bo |o|p|J| JJ.|rg t||s stop
Step 3: |ovo|cp .r cJt||ro v|s|cr |c. t|o ..o. c| |rto.ost cvo. t|o .g.ooJ t|no|..no |o
v|s|cr |s bost Josc.|boJ Js|rg . ccrc|so n|xtJ.o c| Josc.|pt|vo r....t|vo .rJ rJno.|c.| t..gots
St.ko|c|Jo.s s|cJ|J .|sc bo .skoJ tc Jso t|o .c.cryn SVA| (spoc|||c, no.sJ..b|o, .c||ov.b|o,
53
.o.||st|c, t|nobcJrJ) .s . c|ock||st c| .tt.|bJtos |c. .o||..|ttor v|s|crs, .rJ tc |o|p .vc|J t|o
v|s|cr boccn|rg rct||rg nc.o t|.r . .|s| ||st
Step 4: |ock t|.t t|o J..|t v|s|cr |s ccrs|stort .|t| v|s|crs .t ||g|o. c. |c.o. sp.t|.| c.
.Jn|r|st..t|vo sc.|os S|n||..|y, c|ock t|.t t|o J..|t v|s|cr |s b.c.J|y ccrs|stort .|t| gcvo.rnort
pc||cy || |t |srt ccrs|stort cr bct| ccJrts, |t n.y bo rocoss..y tc n.ko ncJ|||c.t|crs sc .s tc
socJ.o pc||t|c.| sJppc.t .rJ |rc.o.so t|o p.cb.b|||ty c| |JrJ|rg |c. .ct|v|t|os .|noJ .t .c||ov|rg
t|o v|s|cr
Step 5: A|to. scor..|c bJ||J|rg .rJ st..togy Jovo|cpnort |.vo boor ccnp|otoJ |r t|o
st..tog|s|rg p|.so (soo t|o scor..|c .rJ st..togy Jovo|cpnort tcc|s), .ssoss .|ot|o. c. rct .ry
c| t|o st..tog|os |.vo t|o pctort|.| tc .c||ovo t|o v|s|cr .|t||r t|o .g.ooJ t|no |c.|.cr || rct,
.ov|so t|o v|s|cr
Step 6: ||sson|r.to t|o v|s|cr .|Jo|y .|t||r t|o ..o. c| |rto.ost |||c|t ccnnorts .rJ |ooJb.ck
||r.||so t|o v|s|cr by t.k|rg .cccJrt c| ccrst.Jct|vo ccnnorts
7ips and tricks
8enefits of visioning
|o p.ccoss .rJ cJtccnos c| v|s|cr|rg n.y soon v.gJo .rJ sJpo.||JcJs |o |crgto.n
boro||ts ..o sJbst.rt|.| |c.ovo. .s v|s|cr|rg
|rccJ..gos st.ko|c|Jo. J|.|cgJo
|Jort|||os J|.oct|cr .rJ pJ.pcso
|o|ps tc |cck |c....J ..t|o. t|.r tc .on.|r bcggoJ Jc.r |r cJ..ort p.cb|ons
A|o.ts st.ko|c|Jo.s tc rooJoJ c|.rgo
|.cnctos |rto.ost .rJ ccnn|tnort
|rccJ..gos cporross tc Jr|,Jo .rJ c.o.t|vo sc|Jt|crs
|rccJ..gos .rJ bJ||Js t.Jst .rJ ccr||Jorco
bJ||Js |cy.|ty t|.cJg| |rvc|vonort (c.ro.s||p)
Vision kiIIers
As ycJ org.go |r t|o v|s|cr|rg p.ccoss, bo .|o.t tc t|o |c||c.|rg v|s|cr k|||o.s
..J|t|cr
|o.. c| .|J|cJ|o
Sto.octypos c| pocp|o, ccrJ|t|crs, .c|os .rJ gcvo.r|rg ccJrc||s
cnp|.corcy c| scno st.ko|c|Jo.s
|.t|gJoJ |o.Jo.s
S|c.tto.n t||rk|rg
|ocp|o .|cso cJt|cck |s po.s|stort|y rog.t|vo
Who is invoIved1
\|s|cr|rg |s . p|vct.| ccnpcrort c| ..to. gcvo.r.rco, .rJ .s sJc| .|| st.ko|c|Jo.s s|cJ|J bo
|rvc|voJ |o p.ccoss c| Jovo|cp|rg . p.cv|s|cr.| v|s|cr |s c...|oJ cJt by . g.cJp c| st.ko|c|Jo.
.op.osort.t|vos |o v|s|cr t|.t t|oy p.cJJco s|cJ|J bo c|.cJ|.toJ .|Jo|y |c. ccnnort
54
Ecrric LOilcir_
A scor..|c |s . ccrs|stort Josc.|pt|cr c| . pcss|b|o |JtJ.o s|tJ.t|cr, . stc.y .bcJt t|o ..y
t|o .c.|J n|g|t tJ.r cJt tcnc..c. |ovo|cp|rg . sot c| r....t|vo scor..|cs |o|ps tc |Jort||y
pcss|b|o p.t|..ys (st..tog|os) tc...Js . s|..oJ v|s|cr c| t|o |JtJ.o, b.soJ cr cJ..ort t.orJs
tcgot|o. .|t| krc.|oJgo c| t|o scJ.cos c| g.o.tost Jrco.t.|rty |r t|cso t.orJs A scor..|c |s
rct . spoc|||c |c.oc.st c| t|o |JtJ.o, bJt . p|.Js|b|o Josc.|pt|cr c| .|.t n|g|t |.ppor |t |s .
stc.y b.soJ cr .r.|ys|s .rJ .r JrJo.st.rJ|rg c| cJ..ort .rJ ||stc.|c t.orJs .rJ ovorts Scor..|c
bJ||J|rg c.r bo JsoJ by .r |rJ|v|JJ.| c. by . st.ko|c|Jo. g.cJp tc goro..to . ..rgo c| p|.Js|b|o
Josc.|pt|crs c| t|o ccrJ|t|crs t|.t n|g|t ox|st .t scno t|no |r t|o |JtJ.o \|or JsoJ .s .r .|J
tc st..tog|s|rg, scor..|c bJ||J|rg |ccJsos cr t|o n.|r |ssJos ccvo.oJ by t|o v|s|cr, .c.k|rg |r
ncst c.sos tc t|o s.no t|no |c.|.crs
Scor..|c bJ||J|rg |np.cvos st..togy Jovo|cpnort by n.k|rg st.ko|c|Jo.s nc.o ....o c|
Jrco.t.|rt|os, .|sks .rJ ccrst..|rts Scor..|c bJ||J|rg |o|ps tc s.|tc| n|rJsots |.cn cr|y
cro pcss|b|o |JtJ.o tc...Js t||rk|rg .bcJt . rJnbo. c| pcss|b|o .|to.r.t|vos ||s .osJ|ts |r
Jovo|cpnort c| st..tog|os t|.t t.ko botto. .cccJrt c| .rJ n|t|g.to |JtJ.o Jrco.t.|rty .rJ .|sk
|t |s |npc.t.rt t|.t t|o scor..|cs n.|rt.|r . |ccJs cr |ssJos |Jort|||oJ JJ.|rg t|o v|s|cr|rg
p|.so |t |s .|sc |npc.t.rt t|.t o.c| scor..|c |s p|.Js|b|o, |rto.r.||y ccrs|stort .rJ b.soJ cr
gccJ ,J.||ty |r|c.n.t|cr
Scor..|c bJ||J|rg c.r bo c...|oJ cJt |r .ry c| t|o o..|y p|.sos c| t|o n.r.gonort cyc|o, bJt
c.r cr|y bo ||r.||soJ .|to. t|o ost.b||s|nort c| . ,J.||tyccrt.c||oJ .rJ s|..oJ |r|c.n.t|cr b.so
.rJ . c..o|J||yt..gotoJ ....oross ..|s|rg p.cg..nno |r ccnp|ox s|tJ.t|crs, st.t|st|c.| .r.|ys|s
c| t.orJs .rJ t|o |.o,Jorcy .rJ sovo.|ty c| oxt.ono ovorts .||| |np.cvo t|o Jso|J|ross .rJ
.o||.b|||ty c| scor..|cs
Scor..|c bJ||J|rg |.s . ||g|o. p.cb.b|||ty c| sJccoss || t|o p.ccoss |s |.c|||t.toJ by t..|roJ
.rJ oxpo.|orcoJ |.c|||t.tc.s |Jo.||y, scor..|c bJ||J|rg s|cJ|J |c||c. t|o v|s|cr|rg p.ccoss
.rJ |rvc|vo t|o s.no st.ko|c|Jo.s b..|rstc.n|rg .rJ ct|o. .ct|v|t|os .||| |r|c.n t|o scor..|c
bJ||J|rg p.ccoss
|r|t|.| cJt||r|rg c| scor..|cs JsJ.||y t.kos p|.co JJ.|rg .c.ks|cps .rJ . ..rgo c| .c.ks|cp
n.to.|.|s .||| bo .o,J|.oJ |oso |rc|JJo c..Js, |||p c|..ts .rJ pors Spoc|.||st sJppc.t n.y
bo rocoss..y JJ.|rg .rJ .|to. .c.ks|cps tc orsJ.o t|.t scor..|cs ..o p|.Js|b|o .rJ |rto.r.||y
ccrs|stort
Ob|ectives
|c. . g.cJp c| st.ko|c|Jo.s tc bJ||J |cJ. c. ||vo scor..|cs |c. .r ..o. c| |rto.ost
c p.cv|Jo . b.s|s |c. Jovo|cp|rg st..tog|os t|.t t.ko gccJ .cccJrt c| |r|o.ort Jrco.t.|rt|os,
ccrst..|rts .rJ .|sks
55
Methods
yp|c.||y, scor..|c bJ||J|rg .||| |rvc|vo p.op...tc.y .c.k |rc|JJ|rg v|s|cr Jovo|cpnort,
st.ko|c|Jo. .c.ks|cps .rJ pcst.c.ks|cp .ct|v|t|os |t .|sc .o,J|.os . ccnncr |r|c.n.t|cr
b.so, Jovo|cpoJ JJ.|rg t|o .ssossnort p|.so tc p.cJJco ||g| ,J.||ty ||r.| scor..|cs |o n.|r
stops ..o Josc.|boJ bo|c.
In the stakehoIder workshop:
Step 1: b..|rstc.n tc |Jort||y .|| |.ctc.s t|.t .||| .||oct .c||ov|rg t|o v|s|cr, |cc.| |.ctc.s t|.t
n.y bo cpor tc c|.rgo .rJ oxto.r.| |.ctc.s t|.t ..o boycrJ t|o J|.oct ccrt.c| c| p..t|c|p.rts
|.cJg| J|scJss|cr, sop...to |cc.| |.ctc.s |.cn oxto.r.| |.ctc.s |o J|||o.orco c.r bo |J..y, sc
Jc rct bo cvo.|y Jcgn.t|c |t |s ncst |npc.t.rt t|.t t|o st.ko|c|Jo.s .occgr|so t|o scor..|cs
t|oy ..o Jovo|cp|rg
Step 2: cgot|o. .|t| p..t|c|p.rts c|.ss||y t|o oxto.r.| |.ctc.s .s |r ||gJ.o (.||c| c.r t.ko
t|o |c.n c| . ..|| c|..t tc .||c| c..Js ..o .tt.c|oJ) |o |.ctc.s |r t|o Jppo..|g|t ,J.J..rt
(t|o ncst |npc.t.rt .rJ ncst Jrco.t.|r) ..o JsoJ tc J|||o.ort|.to bot.oor pcss|b|o |JtJ.os
Josc.|boJ by t|o r....t|vo scor..|cs |Jo.||y |t |s p.o|o..b|o tc ||n|t t|oso koy |.ctc.s tc t.c c.
t|.oo, .s t||s .oJJcos t|o rJnbo. c| pcss|b|o ccnb|r.t|crs .rJ |orco scor..|cs Ar ox.np|o c|
.r |npc.t.rt .rJ Jrco.t.|r |.ctc. n|g|t bo .v.||.b|||ty c| oxto.r.| ||r.rc|rg .||c| ccJ|J |.vo
st.tos c| ||g| c. |c. .ccc.J|rg tc .||c| J|||o.ort st..tog|os .cJ|J bo .o,J|.oJ
Step 3: |Jort||y J|||o.ort |JtJ.o st.tos |c. o.c| |.ctc., .rJ ccnb|ro t|o .osJ|ts tc ccno Jp .|t|
t|o n.|r stc.y||ros c| J|||o.ort scor..|cs |so t|o |oss Jrco.t.|r c. |oss |npc.t.rt |.ctc.s |r
t|o ct|o. t|.oo ,J.J..rts tc Jovo|cp . b.ckg.cJrJ stc.y t|.t |s s|..oJ by .|| t|o scor..|cs
St.ko|c|Jo.s s|cJ|J t|or J|scJss t|o scor..|cs, |Jort||y t|on .s ||g| c. |c. p.cb.b|||ty .rJ
.o||ro t|on .s rocoss..y
1.
Most important
AND
Less uncertain
2.
More important
AND
More uncertain
3.
Less important
AND
Less uncertain
Increasing uncertainty of happening
I
n
c
r
e
a
s
i
n
g

i
m
p
o
r
t
a
n
c
e
4.
Less important
AND
More uncertain
Iigure 7: Matrix for assessing externaI factors according to importance and uncertainty
56
After the workshop:
Step 4: \.|to Jp . so.|os c| r....t|vo scor..|cs |r .||c| t|o |.ctc.s |.cn ,J.J..rt cro c| t|o c|..t
p.cv|Jo . ccnncr b.ckg.cJrJ stc.y tc . sot c| J|vo.g|rg pcss|b|o |JtJ.os Josc.|boJ by t|cso
|.ctc.s |r ,J.J..rt t.c |oporJ|rg cr t|o |orgt| .rJ Jot.|| c| t|o scor..|cs bo|rg Jovo|cpoJ
|.ctc.s |.cn ,J.J..rts t|.oo .rJ |cJ. c.r bo |rc|JJoJ c. |o|t cJt c| t|o ..|toJp \|o.o Jso|J|,
.JJ ct|o. |.ctJ.| |r|c.n.t|cr/J.t. |.cn J.t. cc||oct|cr, .rJ Jso ncJo|s tc ox.n|ro t|o |rto.r.|
ccrs|storcy c| t|o scor..|cs
Step 5: ||scJss t|o ..|to Jp .|t| koy st.ko|c|Jo.s .rJ .JJst .s rocoss..y
7ips and tricks
Sop...t|rg |cc.| |.cn oxto.r.| |.ctc.s |s rct o.sy St.ko|c|Jo.s typ|c.||y |ccJs cr t|o |c.no.
|o |.c|||t.tc. s|cJ|J oxp|.|r t|o |npc.t.rco c| .|sc .c.k|rg .|t| oxto.r.| |.ctc.s, .rJ |o|p
p..t|c|p.rts tc |Jort||y .rJ c|.ss||y t|oso
|ovo|cp|rg scor..|cs |s .s nJc| ..t .s sc|orco .rJ JoporJs cr t|o sk|||s .rJ JrJo.st.rJ|rg
c| st.ko|c|Jo.s .rJ |.c|||t.tc.s |o.o |s rc cboct|vo ..y tc ccnb|ro .|| t|o J|||o.ort
|.ctc.s
Scor..|cs c.r .rJ s|cJ|J bo . n|x c| ,J.||t.t|vo .rJ ,J.rt|t.t|vo |r|c.n.t|cr
|o .|n c| t|o oxo.c|so |s tc |o.J tc |np.cvoJ Joc|s|cr n.k|rg by |c.c|rg p..t|c|p.rts tc
t||rk nc.o .|Jo|y t|.r rc.n.| .bcJt koy .ssJnpt|crs t|.t ox|st .|or n.k|rg |crg..rgo
Joc|s|crs |o.o|c.o, t|o scor..|cs s|cJ|J bo .t t|o s.no t|no bo||ov.b|o .rJ t|cJg|t
p.cvck|rg
|t |s |npc.t.rt tc |ccJs cr p.cb.b|||ty ..t|o. t|.r cr Jos|..b|||ty t|o .|n |s tc p.cJJco
.o.||st|c scor..|cs, ..t|o. t|.r J.o.ns
Who is invoIved1
Scor..|c bJ||J|rg |s bost Jcro |r . g.cJp sott|rg ||s .||c.s J|||o.ort sk|||s .rJ pc|rts c| v|o. tc bo
b.cJg|t tcgot|o. |Jo.||y t|o g.cJp s|cJ|J |rc|JJo st.ko|c|Jo. .op.osort.t|vos |.cn .|| t|o n.|r
|rto.ost g.cJps .|t||r t|o ccnnJr|ty .s .o|| .s t|cso .op.osort|rg so.v|co p.cv|Jo.s .rJ ct|o.
|rto.noJ|.to |ovo| g.cJps
57
Ecrc_y c\lcprrc
St..togy Jovo|cpnort |s .bcJt n.k|rg Joc|s|crs |r . |JrJ.nort.| st..tog|c J|.oct|cr, |Jort||y
|rg b.c.J g.cJps c| pcss|b|o .ct|crs .rJ |Jort||y|rg |c. t|o p.cb|ons .rJ c|.||orgos pcsoJ
|r .c||ov|rg t|o v|s|cr ..o tc bo cvo.ccno |t |s rct .bcJt Jot.||oJ p|.rr|rg c| .ct|v|t|os (.||c|
t.kos p|.co |.to.)
Methods
|o |c||c.|rg stops c.r bo JsoJ .s . gJ|Jo |c. Jovo|cp|rg . st..togy
Step 1: |Jort||y .rJ ||st p..ct|c.| cpt|crs .rJ cppc.tJr|t|os |c. .c||ov|rg t|o v|s|cr JJ.|rg
. st..togy Jovo|cpnort .c.ks|cp SJggost|crs |c. cpt|crs .rJ cppc.tJr|t|os ..o ||ko|y tc
c.|g|r.to |.cn n.ry scJ.cos Scno .||| bo b.soJ cr ox|st|rg p..ct|cos ct|o.s n|g|t bo ort|.o|y
ro. tc st.ko|c|Jo.s |r ycJ. ..o. c| |rto.ost
Step 2: Assoss t|o scc|.|, toc|r|c.|, pc||t|c.|, occrcn|c .rJ orv|.crnort.| .ccopt.b|||ty .rJ
v|.b|||ty c| t|oso cpt|crs .rJ cppc.tJr|t|os, ospoc|.||y c| t|cso t|.t ..o ro. tc st.ko|c|Jo.s
Step 3: |Jort||y .|sks .rJ ccrst..|rts t|.t ccJ|J |np.ct cr .|ot|o. c. rct st..tog|os ..o ||ko|y tc
bo sJccoss|J| ||sks .rJ ccrst..|rts ccJ|J |rc|JJo s|c. J|sbJ.sonort c| |JrJs, |.ck c| c.p.c|ty,
cc..Jpt|cr, ||n|toJ ccrs|Jo..t|cr c| orv|.crnort.| |np.cts, .rJ . |cst c| ct|o. |.ctc.s
Step 4: |ovo|cp .r cJt||ro c| v..|cJs pcss|b|o st..tog|os, c. n.c. o|onorts .|t||r st..tog|os,
tc .c||ovo t|o v|s|cr, Js|rg |r|c.n.t|cr cc||octoJ |r t|o .ssossnort p|.so Oro cJtpJt c| t||s
stop .||| bo . sJnn..y t.b|o ||st|rg t|o n.|r pctort|.| st..tog|c o|onorts t|.t ccJ|J bo .pp||oJ
JrJo. o.c| scor..|c (||gJ.o 8 .rJ ||gJ.o 9)
Ob|ectives
c Jovo|cp st..tog|os .||c| |.vo t|o pctort|.| tc .c||ovo t|o v|s|cr
c orsJ.o t|.t t|o st..tog|os n|t|g.to pctort|.| .|sks |Jort|||oJ JJ.|rg t|o scor..|c bJ||J|rg
p.ccoss
c orsJ.o t|.t st..tog|os, .s |.. .s pcss|b|o, |rto.r.||so pctort|.| oxto.r.||t|os
c Jovo|cp st..tog|os t|.t t.ko .cccJrt c| t..J|t|cr.| p..ct|cos .rJ ox|st|rg sJccossos .s .o|| .s
ro. c. ono.g|rg cppc.tJr|t|os
Scenario
1
2
3
4
Strategy
1
2
3
1
2
1
2
3
4
1
Iigure 8: 8Iank form for pIotting strategic eIements to achieve visions. Iigure 9 overIeaf shows a reaI-Iife exampIe
from the strategic pIan for 8aIqa Governorate, 1ordan.
58
Step 5: |v.|J.to .||c| st..tog|os |.vo t|o g.o.tost pctort|.| tc .c||ovo t|o v|s|cr ||gJ.o 9 |s
.r ox.np|o c| . st..togy ov.|J.t|cr t.b|o || t|o ov.|J.t|cr |rJ|c.tos t|.t rcro c| t|o st..tog|os
|.vo t|o pctort|.| tc .c||ovo t|o v|s|cr, .ov|so t|o v|s|cr A ..rgo c| .r.|yt|c.| c. ncJo|||rg
toc|r|,Jos c.r bo JsoJ |r t||s ov.|J.t|cr
Step 6: |.cn t|o ||st c| st..tog|os t|.t |.vo t|o pctort|.| c| .c||ov|rg .||, c. |r scno c.sos p..t
c| t|o v|s|cr, Jov|so . s|rg|o b.c.J st..togy ||s so|oct|cr s|cJ|J bo b.soJ cr c.|to.|. t|.t |.vo
boor .g.ooJ .ncrgst t|o st.ko|c|Jo.s ||||o.ort st..tog|os .||| p.cb.b|y boro||t co.t.|r g.cJps
nc.o t|.r ct|o.s, .rJ scno |c.n c| ccr|||ct .osc|Jt|cr n.y bo rooJoJ
Step 7: |c||s| c. .o||ro t|o st..togy, orsJ.|rg t|.t bJJgots ox|st (c. |.vo t|o pctort|.| tc ox|st)
tc ccvo. |ts |np|onort.t|cr |rsJ.o t|.t t|o st..togy |.s . ||g| |ovo| c| pc||t|c.| sJppc.t
Main eIements of strategy Scenario
1 2 3 4
|rc.o.so J.n c.p.c|ty c. ccrst.Jct ro. J.ns tc stc.o t|o ..|r|.|| ..to. .rJ
.oc|..go t|o g.cJrJ ..to.

|oc.o.so t|o cvo.Jso c| ..to. |.cn g.cJrJ ..to.
|pg..J|rg c| ||o|J .pp||c.t|crs toc|r|,Jos (c|.rg|rg |.cn sJ.|.co tc J.|p
|..|g.t|cr)

|np.cvo t|o Jcnost|c ..to. rot.c.k (Joc.o.so t|o ..to. |cssos )
|rc.o.so t|o ..to. stc..go c.p.c|ty by ccrst.Jct|rg ..to. .oso.vc|.s |r b.|,.
gcvo.rc..to tc p.cv|Jo t|o |r|.b|t.rts .|t| ..to. J|.oct|y |.cn t|o .oso.vc|.

crJJct .oso..c| cr n.k|rg Jso c| t|o Jrccrvort|cr.| ..to. .oscJ.cos
|xtors|vo .rJ |np.cvoJ cpo..t|cr c| ox|st|rg ..sto..to. t.o.tnort
p|.rts (6 VV/. tct.| c.p.c|ty) tc n.ko t|o|. o|||Jorts s.|o c| Jso |c.
|..|g.t|cr

Note:
|npc.t.rt .rJ co.t.|r |.ctc.s ccnncr tc .|| scor..|cs c|J ..to. rot.c.k, |.ck c| ..to. Jso ....oross,
|c. stc..go c.p.c|ty, ||g| pcpJ|.t|cr g.c.t| ..to, |.ck c| ccc.J|r.t|cr/cccpo..t|cr .ncrg t|o S/|,
.o.k .pp||c.t|cr c| ..to. pc||cy/|og|s|.t|cr, |r.pp.cp.|.to c.cps, |rc.o.soJ Jon.rJ |c. tcJ.|st|c .rJ
|rJJst.|.| soctc.s, |||og.| ..to. Jso, ccr||Jorco |r J.|rk|rg ..to. ,J.||ty
Scenario 1: ||g| .vo..go ..|r|.||, |cc.| gcvo.rnort |.s gccJ .ccoss tc |JrJs
Scenario 2: ||g| .vo..go ..|r|.||, |cc.| gcvo.rnort |.s pcc. .ccoss tc |JrJs
Scenario 3: |oJJcoJ .vo..go ..|r|.||, |cc.| gcvo.rnort |.s gccJ .ccoss tc |JrJs
Scenario 4: |oJJcoJ .vo..go ..|r|.||, |cc.| gcvo.rnort |.s pcc. .ccoss tc |JrJs
Iigure 9: Assessing the potentiaI for possibIe eIements of a strategy to contribute to achieving a vision
under different scenarios. An exampIe from 8aIqa Governorate, 1ordan.
Who is invoIved1
St..togy Jovo|cpnort |s . koy ccnpcrort c| |cc.| |ovo| ..to. gcvo.r.rco As sJc| .|| st.ko|c|Jo.s
.rJ/c. t|o|. .op.osort.t|vos s|cJ|J bo |J||y |rvc|voJ SJppc.t .||| bo .o,J|.oJ tc orsJ.o t||s
|rvc|vonort |s bct| .ct|vo .rJ o||oct|vo ||s sJppc.t .||| ccno |.cn t..|roJ st.|| .|t| sk|||s t|.t
|rc|JJo |.c|||t.t|cr, ....oross ..|s|rg, ccr|||ct .osc|Jt|cr, |r|c.n.t|cr n.r.gonort, ncJo|||rg,
occrcn|cs, scc|.| Jovo|cpnort, gorJo. .r.|ys|s otc
59
7ips and 7ricks
|.c|||t.tc.s c.r |o|p st.ko|c|Jo.s tc .vc|J |r.pp.cp.|.to st..tog|os ..|s|rg |.cn
|.ck c| c.o.t|v|ty |r |Jort||y|rg pcss|b|o st..tog|os
|.||J.o c| st.ko|c|Jo.s tc |Jort||y . s|rg|o ccnncr st..togy tc .c||ovo t|o|. v|s|cr
|.||J.o tc |Jort||y .ry st..tog|os c.p.b|o c| .c||ov|rg t|o v|s|cr (|r t||s c.so |t |s ||ko|y t|.t
t|o v|s|cr .||| rooJ tc bo ncJ|||oJ)
.ptJ.o c| t|o p.ccoss by pc.o.|J| st.ko|c|Jo.s tc t|o J|s.Jv.rt.go c| |oss pc.o.|J|
cros
|.||J.o tc t.ko sJ|||c|ort .Jo,J.to .cccJrt c| .|sks, ccrst..|rts .rJ ct|o. oxto.r.| |.ctc.s
|r|c.n.t|cr cc||octoJ JJ.|rg t|o .ssoss|rg p|.so c.r bo JsoJ tc c|ock cr .|ot|o. cpt|crs
..o v|.b|o
|osscrs |o..rt |.cn o..||o. p.cocts .rJ p.cg..nnos .||| |o|p tc |Jort||y .|sks .rJ
ccrst..|rts
|t c.r bo |o|p|J|, p..t|cJ|..|y .|t| v|||.go |ovo| st.ko|c|Jo.s, tc so|oct . s|rg|o ncst ||ko|y
scor..|c .s . |ccJs |c. st..togy Jovo|cpnort, .rJ sJbso,Jort|y .J.pt |t tc ct|o. scor..|cs
|t |s JsJ.||y |o|p|J| tc sop...to . ccnp|ox v|s|cr |rtc ccnpcrort p..ts bo|c.o ov.|J.t|rg .
st..togys pctort|.| tc .c||ovo t|o v|s|cr
|J.|rg ||r.||s.t|cr c| t|o st..togy, . ccrsJ|t.t|cr p.ccoss |s .occnnorJoJ tc c|ock .|ot|o.
t|o.o |s sccpo |c. |np.cv|rg t|o st..togy by n|t|g.t|rg .|sks, .oJJc|rg ccsts, |np.cv|rg
cJtccnos, c. |rto.r.||s|rg oxto.r.||t|os ||s n.y |rvc|vo |rcc.pc..t|rg |Jo.s |.cn st..tog|os
Jovo|cpoJ |c. ct|o. scor..|cs
60
|lrrir_
|oporJ|rg cr t|o s|.o .rJ ccnp|ox|ty c| t|o st..togy, t|o.o n.y bo . s|rg|o p|.r, c. nc.o
||ko|y nJ|t|p|o p|.rs tc .c||ovo J|||o.ort p..ts c| |t |.coct p|.rr|rg |s .r |rtog..| ccnpcrort
c| p.coct n.r.gonort .||c| |s t|o J|sc|p||ro c| c.g.r|s|rg .rJ n.r.g|rg .oscJ.cos |r sJc|
. ..y t|.t .oscJ.cos Jo||vo. t|o .c.k .o,J|.oJ tc ccnp|oto . p.coct .|t||r . Jo||roJ sccpo,
t|no .rJ ccst
|||oct|vo p|.rr|rg Jsos . v..|oty c| tcc|s |oso ..o c|csor tc n.tc| t|o ccnp|ox|ty, s|.o,
JJ..t|cr .rJ ccst c| t|o .ct|v|t|os |ot.||oJ p|.rr|rg .s . p..t c| t|o cvo..|| n.r.gonort cyc|o
Jsos . .|Jo so|oct|cr c| J|||o.ort tcc|s A |o. c| t|o nc.o pcpJ|.. tcc|s .||| bo Josc.|boJ |o.o
|.||orgos t|.t ..o spoc|||c tc p..t|c|p.tc.y p|.rr|rg p.ccossos |rc|JJo orsJ.|rg t|.t
St.ko|c|Jo.s .|c .o.o |rvc|voJ |r v|s|cr|rg, scor..|c bJ||J|rg .rJ st..tog|s|rg ccrt|rJo tc
p..t|c|p.to |r, .rJ |oo| . sorso c| c.ro.s||p c|, p|.rr|rg p.ccossos,
||.rs .op.osort .g.ooJ st..tog|os .rJ |npc.t.rt o|onorts ..o rct cn|ttoJ,
|||tos .rJ/c. ccnno.c|.| |rto.osts Jc rct t.ko cvo. .rJ Jcn|r.to t|o p|.rr|rg p.ccoss .t
t|o oxporso c| t|o n..g|r.||soJ
\|t| t|o oxcopt|cr c| vo.y sn.|| p.cocts, p|.rr|rg .o,J|.os t|o |rpJts c| pocp|o .|t| spoc|.||st
sk|||s t|.t n.y |rc|JJo p.coct n.r.gonort, ccrt..ct|rg, .cccJrt|rg, occrcn|cs, org|roo.|rg,
|yJ.c(goc)|cgy .rJ orv|.crnort.| |np.ct .ssossnort A|t|cJg| spoc|.||st |rpJts c.r bo
oxpors|vo, t|o .|sk c| rct Js|rg spoc|.||sts |s t|.t p|.rs .||| bo pcc. .rJ t|o p.coct .||| |.||
Assonb||rg . to.n .o,J|.os c..o|J| .ttort|cr A b.|.rco rooJs tc bo st.Jck bot.oor spoc|.||sts
.rJ st.ko|c|Jo.s As p|.rr|rg |s JsJ.||y bost Jcro |r sn.|| to.ns, systons rooJ tc bo Jovo|cpoJ
|c. |ooJ|rg b.ck cJtccnos tc st.ko|c|Jo.s .rJ o||c|t|rg t|o|. ccnnorts
Ob|ectives
c ccrvo.t . st..togy |rtc . (sot c|) p|.r(s) .o.Jy |c. |np|onort.t|cr
c |Jort||y spoc|||c .c|os .rJ .ospcrs|b|||t|os
c p.cJJco ccst|rgs, .c.k sc|oJJ|os .rJ, || .o|ov.rt, |ssJo ccrt..cts
c .ssoss c.p.c|ty rooJs |c. |np|onort|rg .c.k .rJ, || .o|ov.rt, |r|t|.to . c.p.c|ty bJ||J|rg
p.cg..nno
6l
Methods
Gantt charts
C.rtt c|..ts ..o tcc|s |c. .r.|ys|rg .rJ p|.rr|rg ccnp|ox p.cocts |oy
|o|p tc so,Jorco t|o t.sks t|.t rooJ tc bo ccnp|otoJ
|.cv|Jo . b.s|s |c. sc|oJJ||rg .|or t|oso t.sks .||| bo c...|oJ cJt
SJppc.t t|o .||cc.t|cr c| .oscJ.cos rooJoJ tc ccnp|oto t|o p.coct
CriticaI path anaIysis
.|t|c.| |.t| Ar.|ys|s (|A) |o|ps tc p|.r t.sks t|.t nJst bo ccnp|otoJ .s p..t c| . p.coct |o
.r.|ys|s .cts .s t|o b.s|s |c. p.op...t|cr c| . sc|oJJ|o .rJ |c. .oscJ.co p|.rr|rg A |A .||c.s
ycJ tc ncr|tc. .c||ovonort c| p.coct gc.|s, .rJ tc soo .|o.o .onoJ|.| .ct|cr rooJs tc bo
t.kor tc got . p.coct b.ck cr ccJ.so
.|t|c.| |.t| Ar.|ys|s |c.n.||y |Jort|||os t.sks .||c| nJst bo ccnp|otoJ cr t|no, .rJ |Jort|||os
.||c| t.sks c.r bo Jo|.yoJ || .oscJ.cos rooJ tc bo .o.||cc.toJ |o J|s.Jv.rt.go c| |A |s t|.t
t|o .o|.t|cr c| t.sks tc t|no |s rct .s cbv|cJs .s |r t|o c.so c| C.rtt c|..ts ||s c.r n.ko |A
nc.o J||||cJ|t tc JrJo.st.rJ |c. scnocro .|c |s rct |.n|||.. .|t| t|o toc|r|,Jo
7ime estimation
AccJ..to t|no ost|n.t|cr |s ossort|.| tc gccJ p.coct n.r.gonort boc.Jso t|no |.s .r
|npc.t.rt bo..|rg cr ccst |sJ.||y pocp|o v.st|y JrJo.ost|n.to t|o .ncJrt c| t|no rooJoJ
tc |np|onort p.cocts, p..t|cJ|..|y .|or t|oy ..o rct |.n|||.. .|t| t|o t.sk +cJ c.r cr|y st..t
tc ost|n.to t|no .ccJ..to|y .|or ycJ |.vo . Jot.||oJ ||st c| .|| t|o t.sks t|.t ycJ nJst .c||ovo
|rsJ.o t|.t .|t||r ycJ. ost|n.to |c. o.c| t.sk ycJ .|sc .||c. t|no |c. p.coct n.r.gonort,
Jot.||oJ p.coct p|.rr|rg, ||.|scr .|t| cJts|Jo bcJ|os, noot|rgs, ,J.||ty .ssJ..rco .rJ
p.op...t|cr c| .ry rocoss..y sJppc.t|rg JccJnort.t|cr
7ransparency
|o .|sk c| cc..Jpt p..ct|cos |rc.o.sos J..n.t|c.||y JJ.|rg t|o p|.rr|rg p.ccoss |r|oss p.cpo.
.cccJrt|rg .rJ torJo.|rg p.ccoJJ.os ..o |np|onortoJ, |JrJs .||| p.cb.b|y gc .st..y A ..rgo
c| t..rsp..orcy tcc|s c.r bo |cJrJ .t |ttp//...t..rsp..orcyc.g
Cost estimation
|cc. ost|n.t|cr c| ccsts |s . |.o,Jort scJ.co c| p.coct |.||J.o cst ost|n.tos rooJ tc bo b.soJ
cr t|o Jovo|cpnort c| Jot.||oJ b|||s c| ,J.rt|t|os .rJ ost|n.tos c| .oscJ.co .o,J|.onorts cst
ost|n.t|cr |c. .|| bJt t|o s|np|ost p.cocts .o,J|.os spoc|.||st sk|||s
Capacity deveIopment
|o.o |s c|tor . rooJ tc Jovo|cp t|o c.p.c|ty c| st.ko|c|Jo.s ||.rr|rg .Jo,J.to t|no .rJ
.oscJ.cos |c. c.p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort |s ossort|.|, ospoc|.||y |c. pcst|np|onort.t|cr .ct|v|t|os
.o|.toJ tc cpo..t|cr .rJ n.|rtor.rco c| ro. systons, .rJ t|o n.r.gonort c| ro.
|rst|tJt|crs
62
7ips and tricks
ScheduIing simpIe pro|ects
yp|c.||y, s|np|o p.cocts |rvc|vo |o. pocp|o, |.vo |o. t.sks JoporJort cr ct|o. t.sks, .rJ
..o .o|.t|vo|y o.sy tc ccc.J|r.to |not.b|os .rJ .ct|cr p|.rs ..o c|tor sJ|||c|ort tc ccc.J|r.to
.rJ |np|onort t|on C.rtt c|..ts .rJ c.|t|c.| p.t| J|.g..ns n.y cvo.ccnp||c.to p.coct
sc|oJJ||rg .rJ ccnnJr|c.t|cr |c. sJc| p.cocts, ospoc|.||y || p.coct to.n nonbo.s ..o rct
t..|roJ |r t|o|. Jso |oy c.r b||rJ pocp|o .|t| sc|orco, |o.J|rg tc pcc. ccnnJr|c.t|cr .rJ
nJJJ|oJ p.cocts
Pro|ect pIanning software
A .|Jo ..rgo c| sc|t...o |s .v.||.b|o tc sJppc.t .|| .spocts c| p|.rr|rg ||.rr|rg c|..ts .rJ
ccst|rgs |c. s|np|o p.cocts c.r bo |.rJ|oJ |r . sp.o.Js|oot sJc| .s |`|| |c. nc.o ccnp|ox
p.cocts, V|c.csc|t ||O'| c. s|n||.. sc|t...o |s c|tor JsoJ
Who is invoIved1
A|| bJt t|o s|np|ost p|.rr|rg .o,J|.os . ..rgo c| spoc|.||st |rpJts, o|t|o. .JJ|t|cr.| st.|| c.
JoJ|c.toJ t|no |.cn t|o |.c|||t.t|cr to.n Sp.co .|sc rooJs tc bo .oso.voJ |c. |rpJts |.cn p..t|cJ|..
st.ko|c|Jo.s .|o.o .o,J|.oJ
63
Jccl fcr prcicipccry lrrir_ rc ccicr
|..t|c|p.t|cr |r ..to. gcvo.r.rco no.rs |.v|rg . st.ko c. s|..o |r Joc|s|crn.k|rg p.ccossos
|..t|c|p.tc.y p.ccossos .ct|vo|y .ttonpt tc |rvc|vo t|o pJb||c c. st.ko|c|Jo.s |r J|.|cgJos .rJ
Joc|s|crn.k|rg p.ccossos tc orsJ.o t|.t Joc|s|crs n.tc| rooJs .rJ .sp|..t|crs A ..rgo c|
p..t|c|p.tc.y tcc|s |.vo boor Jos|groJ tc |rvc|vo st.ko|c|Jo.s |r t|o cc||oct|cr .rJ .r.|ys|s c|
|r|c.n.t|cr, .rJ tc |rvc|vo t|on .ct|vo|y |r p.ccossos c| |np.cvonort .rJ c|.rgo
64
|rcicipccry rOrl ppril t||^1 cccl
|..t|c|p.tc.y .J..| .pp..|s.| (||A), .|sc krc.r .s p..t|c|p.tc.y |o..r|rg .rJ .ct|cr (||A), .o|o.s
tc . b.c.J g.cJp c| tcc|s .rJ .ct|v|t|os Jos|groJ tc |Jort||y .rJ |rcc.pc..to t|o krc.|oJgo
.rJ cp|r|crs c| st.ko|c|Jo.s |r t|o p|.rr|rg .rJ n.r.gonort c| Jovo|cpnort p.cocts .rJ
p.cg..nnos, ospoc|.||y g..ss.ccts st.ko|c|Jo.s sJc| .s ..to. Jso.s |t |s JsoJ tc g.t|o. J.t.
b.soJ cr s.np||rg . ..rgo c| oxpo.|orcos |.cn pocp|o .t |cc.| c. |rto.noJ|.to |ovo|s |o.o
..o ||to..||y |JrJ.oJs c| p..t|c|p.tc.y toc|r|,Jos .rJ tcc|s, Jos|groJ tc onpc.o. p.cv|Jo.s c|
|r|c.n.t|cr .s .o|| .s t|cso .|c cc||oct |t Sovo..| tcc|s ..o Josc.|boJ |r t||s c|.pto. Vcst c.r
bo JsoJ .|t| .rJ by pocp|o .|t| |c.|ovo|s c| |c.n.| oJJc.t|cr .rJ/c. ||to..cy
|.oo b.c.J g.cJps c| tcc|s c.r bo |Jort|||oJ .s bo|rg Jso|J| |r |r|c.n.t|cr cc||oct|cr |c. t|o
.pp.c.c|, t|oso ..o
S.np||rg tcc|s, sJc| .s t..rsoct ..|ks, .o.|t| ..rk|rg, scc|.| n.pp|rg
|rto.v|o.|rg tcc|s, sJc| .s |ccJs g.cJp J|scJss|crs, .rJ son|st.JctJ.oJ |rto.v|o.s
\|sJ.||s.t|cr tcc|s, sJc| .s \orr J|.g..ns, n.t.|x scc.|rg, t|no||ros
|o v..|oJ n.to.|.|s .rJ .oscJ.cos .o,J|.oJ |c. ||A JoporJ |..go|y cr t|o tcc|s bo|rg JsoJ
Vcst tcc|s ..o Jovo|cpoJ |c. Jso .|t| ccnnJr|ty b.soJ p..t|c|p.rts .|c n.y |.vo |oss |c.n.|
oJJc.t|cr |oy .o|y cr |cc.||y .v.||.b|o .rJ goro..| .c.ks|cp n.to.|.|s (|||p c|..ts, pors,
otc) V.ps c| v..|cJs k|rJs c.r bo . p..t|cJ|..|y Jso|J| .oscJ.co Sk|||oJ |.c|||t.t|cr |s .bsc|Jto|y
ossort|.| tc sJccoss|J| ||A, .s |s gccJ n.r.gonort c| t|o cc||octoJ |r|c.n.t|cr
Methods
||A |s rct cro spoc|||c tcc| bJt .o||octs . p|||cscp|y tc...Js Jovo|cpnort, .|t| . v..|oty c|
tcc|s .rJ .ct|v|t|os .J.ptoJ tc spoc|||c rooJs .rJ s|tJ.t|crs A|| s|..o t.c koy c|...cto.|st|cs
|o|p|rg pocp|o tc n.ko Jso c| t|o|. c.r |r|c.n.t|cr || |r|c.n.t|cr |s cr|y gc|rg tc bo
JsoJ by oxto.r.| pocp|o cc||oct|rg |t (|c. ox.np|o corsJs |r|c.n.t|cr) ||A tcc|s n.y rct
bo .pp.cp.|.to ||A |s .bcJt onpc.o.|rg pocp|o t|.cJg| |rvc|v|rg t|on, rct cr|y |r
|r|c.n.t|cr cc||oct|cr, bJt .|sc |ts Jso .rJ .r.|ys|s
|rsJ.|rg |rc|Js|cr |t |s ossort|.| t|.t t|o pcc.ost .rJ ncst n..g|r.||soJ pocp|o ..o .ct|vo|y
|rvc|voJ |r ||A oxo.c|sos, tc .vc|J t|o p.ccoss bo|rg c.ptJ.oJ by o||tos
Ob|ectives
c cc||oct .rJ .r.|yso p.|n..y J.t. tcgot|o. .|t| st.ko|c|Jo.s |rc|JJ|rg ..to. Jso.s
c cc||oct |r|c.n.t|cr |r . ..y t|.t onpc.o.s st.ko|c|Jo.s tc Jso t|o |r|c.n.t|cr |c. t|onso|vos
.rJ tc |.vo t|o sk|||s tc cc||oct |J.t|o. |r|c.n.t|cr .s .rJ .|or .o,J|.oJ
65
7ips and tricks
boc.Jso ||A |s cpor, ,J.||t.t|vo .rJ |oss |c.n.| ccnp..oJ tc t..J|t|cr.| no.rs c|
|r|c.n.t|cr cc||oct|cr, |t |s p.cro tc c.ptJ.o by o||tos, tc n|s|rto.p.ot.t|cr, c. tc syston.t|c
b|.s |oso p.cb|ons c.r bo n|t|g.toJ c. .vc|JoJ by sk|||oJ |.c|||t.t|cr, .||c| |s ossort|.| |c.
gccJ ,J.||ty ||A
App.cp.|.to |ooJb.ck noc|.r|sns nJst bo |Jort|||oJ tc |ooJ b.ck t|o .osJ|ts c| |r|c.n.t|cr
cc||oct|cr .rJ tc s|..o t|o p.ccoss c| .r.|ys|s .|t| .|| st.ko|c|Jo.s, ospoc|.||y t|cso .bcJt
.|cn |r|c.n.t|cr |s bo|rg cc||octoJ
More information
V.ry .obs|tos ..o JoJ|c.toJ tc p.cnct|rg ||A Scno c| t|o ncst Jso|J| ..o
Participatory RuraI AppraisaI, |.cn t|o \c.|J b.rk ScJ.cobcck cr |..t|c|p.t|cr
|ttp//....c.|Jb.rkc.g/.b|/scJ.cobcck/sb.104|tn
Participation ManuaIs and 7ooIkits, .r cr||ro cc||oct|cr, p..t c| t|o ||||S C.to..y tc
|ovo|cpnort |r|c.n.t|cr
|ttp//...o|J|sc.g/n.rJ.|s/p..t|c|p.t|cr|tn
Rapid RuraI AppraisaI, |.cn t|o |AO n.rJ.| cr V..kot |oso..c| .rJ |r|c.n.t|cr Systons
|ttp//...|.cc.g/Jcc.op/\3241|/.3241o09|tn
Participatory Learning and Action, cJ.r.| .|t| n.ry ..t|c|os .v.||.b|o |c. Jc.r|c.J|rg,
n.|rt.|roJ by t|o |rto.r.t|cr.| |rst|tJto |c. |rv|.crnort .rJ |ovo|cpnort (||||)
|ttp//...||oJc.g/||/.gb|c||v/p|._rctos/|rJox|tn|
keep It Working: . ||o|J n.rJ.| tc sJppc.t ccnnJr|ty n.r.gonort c| .J..| ..to. sJpp|y
A bcck .o|.toJ tc ccnnJr|ty n.r.gonort c| ..to. sJpp|y |t c||o.s p..ct|c.| tcc|s tc |.c|||t.to
ccnnJr|c.t|cr .rJ ccnnJr|ty Joc|s|crn.k|rg p.ccossos .rJ c|ock||sts t|.t |o|p ||o|J st.||
tc c.g.r|so t|o|. .c.k |ttp//...|.cr|/p.go/1896
Who is invoIved1
by t|o|. r.tJ.o ||A tcc|s ..o ncst .pp.cp.|.to |c. g..ss.cct st.ko|c|Jo.s |o ..to. Jso.s
|c.ovo. n.ry c| t|o tcc|s ..o .|sc Jso|J| |c. g.cJp.c.k .|t| nc.o |rst|tJt|cr.| st.ko|c|Jo.s .t
|rto.noJ|.to |ovo| |o ncst |npc.t.rt .o,J|.onort |s sk|||oJ |.c|||t.t|cr
66
|rcLlr cr rlyi
|.cb|on t.oos ..o cro c| t|o n.|r tcc|s |r Oboct|vo / Cc.| O.|ortoJ |.coct ||.rr|rg (OO|| c.
CO||), .rJ t|o.o|c.o . cc.o o|onort c| p.coct cyc|o b.soJ .pp.c.c|os
|.cb|on t.oos |o|p st.ko|c|Jo.s tc ncvo boycrJ st.t|rg p.cb|ons (c|tor |r t|o |c.n c|
.o|c.nJ|.toJ sc|Jt|crs |.ck c| st.||, .oscJ.cos, otc) .rJ tc |Jort||y t|o |JrJ.nort.| c.Jsos c|
t|oso p.cb|ons .rJ t|o|. ncst |npc.t.rt o||octs
|o n.|r cJtpJt c| . p.cb|on t.oo oxo.c|so |s . J|.g..n t|.t c.o.tos . |cg|c.| ||o...c|y c| c.Jsos
.rJ o||octs .rJ t|o ||rks bot.oor t|on
.o.t|rg . p.cb|on t.oo t|.t |||Jn|r.tos . s|tJ.t|cr c.||s |c. sk|||oJ |.c|||t.t|cr, .s .o|| .s p|orty
c| t|no |t |s c.Jc|.| t|.t t|o.o |s gccJ .op.osort.t|cr c| st.ko|c|Jo.s JJ.|rg p.cb|on t.oo
soss|crs tc .c||ovo . s|..oJ JrJo.st.rJ|rg c| ..to. .o|.toJ |ssJos |o.o n.y bo ccrs|Jo..b|o
J|||o.orcos c| cp|r|cr .rJ po.copt|crs bot.oor J|||o.ort st.ko|c|Jo.s
|.cb|on t.oos s|cJ|J bo .ov|s|toJ .rJ .ov|soJ t|.cJg|cJt t|o ||.st t|.oo p|.sos c| t|o
n.r.gonort cyc|o
Ob|ectives
c |Jort||y t|o n.|r ..to. .o|.toJ p.cb|ons .||oct|rg st.ko|c|Jo.s, t|o|. c.Jsos .rJ o||octs
|c. st.ko|c|Jo.s tc bog|r t|o p.ccoss c| .r.|ys|rg .rJ JrJo.st.rJ|rg t|o|. ..to. .oscJ.cos .rJ
so.v|cos
c bog|r tc |Jort||y t|o n.|r rooJs |c. |r|c.n.t|cr cc||oct|cr
||oct 3
||oct 6
||oct 4
||oct 2
||oct 1
||oct 5
SJb c.Jso 1
SJb c.Jso 3
SJb c.Jso 1
SJb c.Jso 2
SJb c.Jso 2 SJb c.Jso 1
.Jso 3 .Jso 1
SJb c.Jso 2
.Jso 2
ProbIem
Iigure 10: ProbIem tree after sorting causes and effects
67
MateriaIs
|||p c|..t p.po.
V..ko.s
Scctc| t.po (c. p|rs) |c. J|sp|.y|rg c|..ts
..Js
St.|rg
Methods
Step 1: b..|rstc.n .|| ..to..o|.toJ p.cb|ons |r t|o Jcn.|r c| |rto.ost .rJ pJt o.c| p.cb|on
cr . sop...to c..J
Step 2: |Jort||y s|..oJ cc.o p.cb|ons, .rJ ..|to p.oc|so Jo||r|t|crs c| t|oso, o.c| cr cro c..J
Step 3: ||v|Jo t|o ct|o. c..Js |rtc c.Jsos .rJ o||octs c| t|o cc.o p.cb|ons, .rJ st|ck t|on
.ospoct|vo|y bo|c. .rJ .bcvo t|o .o|ov.rt cc.o p.cb|on cr . |..go s|oot
Step 4: |so st.|rg tc ||rk o.c| c..J tc .|| t|cso c..Js t|.t ..o . J|.oct c.Jso |c. |t, .rJ tc .||
c..Js t|.t |t |r tJ.r .||octs |o.o .||| p.cb.b|y bo nJ|t|p|o J|||o.ort c.Jsos |c. o.c| o||oct, .rJ
nJ|t|p|o o||octs |c. o.c| c.Jso Scno c..Js (sJc| .s pcvo.ty) n.y bo bct| |JrJ.nort.| c.Jsos
.rJ p.|rc|p.| o||octs |r t||s c.so Jso t.c c..Js |c. t|o s.no |ssJo
Step 5: |c. o.c| p.cb|on, |cck .t t|o c..Js t|.t n.y bo c.Js.|, .rJ .sk ..o t|oso c..Js sJ|||c|ort
tc oxp|.|r .|y t||s cccJ.s` || t|o .rs.o. |s rc, ..|to ro. c..Js Jrt|| .|| c.Jsos ..o |Jort|||oJ
Step 6: C.cJp c..Js sc t|.t t|cso t|.t Josc.|bo c.Jsos .rJ o||octs c| t|o s.no cJtccnos/
c.Jsos ..o cr t|o s.no |c.|.crt.| |ovo| (soo ||gJ.o 11) \|o.o c..Js ..o vo.y s|n||.. c.o.to .
s|rg|o ro. c..J tc .op.osort t|on .||
Step 7: |ov|o. t|o |cg|c, .rJ .|to. t|o ||rks Jrt|| .|| |r t|o g.cJp ..o s.t|s||oJ .|t| t|o .osJ|t
Step 8: ||ctcg..p| t|o ||r.| p.cb|on t.oo, c. ccpy |t c..o|J||y crtc |||p c|..t p.po.
Step 9: S|..o . ccpy c| t|o ||r.| p.cb|on t.oo .|t| st.ko|c|Jo.s
|rc.o.soJ pcvo.ty
|cc. |yg|oro
|cc.|y n.|rt.|roJ rot.c.ks
|cr p.ynort c| |oos |.ck c| c.p.c|ty |r nJr|c|p.||ty |||og.| Jso |r.Jo,J.to ..to. .oscJ.cos
|rsJ|||c|ort p.ossJ.o
|.ck c| .ccoss tc Jcnost|c ..to.
|rsJ|||c|ort ..to. |c. ||vostcck
Iigure 11: Output from a probIem tree exercise after cards have been grouped
68
7ips and tricks
\.|to p.cb|on st.tonorts |r b|C ||||S v|s|b|o |.cn . J|st.rco
.ko t|o t|no tc orsJ.o c|o.. .g.oonort .bcJt t|o no.r|rg c| o.c| c..J, .rJ |ts .o|.t|cr tc
ct|o.s V.ko sJ.o t||s no.r|rg |s JccJnortoJ, |c. ox.np|o by ..|t|rg cr t|o b.ck c| t|o
c..J || pcss|b|o, pJt p.cb|ons c| s|n||.. .o|.t|vo |npc.t.rco cr cro |c.|.crt.| .c.
A gccJ p.cb|on t.oo soss|cr |s vo.y JoporJort cr sk|||oJ |.c|||t.t|cr |.c|||t.tc.s s|cJ|J
bo |.n|||.. .|t| t|o p.cb|on t.oo .pp.c.c|, .s .o|| .s .|t| ..to. .o|.toJ |ssJos tc sJppc.t
st.ko|c|Jo.s |r n.k|rg ||rks bot.oor c.Jsos .rJ o||octs
|o p.cb|on t.oo |s .s |npc.t.rt |c. goro..t|rg J|.|cgJo .rJ |rc.o.s|rg JrJo.st.rJ|rg
bot.oor st.ko|c|Jo.s .s |c. t|o ||r.| cJtpJt SJ|||c|ort t|no nJst bo g|vor tc .||c. |c. t|o
p.ccoss .rJ |c. J|scJss|crs, ..gJnorts .rJ t.rgort|.| |rto.vort|crs
\|o.o t|o g.cJp t.k|rg p..t |r t|o oxo.c|so |s |..go, |t n.y bo boro||c|.| tc b.o.k |rtc sn.||o.
g.cJps, o.c| p.cJJc|rg . sop...to t.oo .rJ t|or ccnp..o .osJ|ts ||s |s .|sc |npc.t.rt
.|o.o, |c. ox.np|o, .cnor n.y bo s|y tc spo.k |r |.crt c| nor, c. tc got . po.spoct|vo
|.cn ycJrg pocp|o c. . p..t|cJ|.. g.cJp |t |s |npc.t.rt t|.t ovo.ycro |oo|s ccn|c.t.b|o |r
pJtt|rg t|o|. pc|rt c| v|o. |c....J
More information
|A/\.gor|rgor || |..t|c|p.tc.y ||.rr|rg Vcr|tc.|rg .rJ |v.|J.t|cr |oscJ.co |c.t.|
|ttp//pc.t.|s.J|.J.r|/ppno/`|.cb|on_t.oo
Who is invoIved1
|t |s vo.y |npc.t.rt t|.t t|o p.cb|on t.oo oxo.c|so |s c...|oJ cJt .|t| . gccJ .rJ .op.osort.t|vo
g.cJp c| st.ko|c|Jo.s ||s |s cro c| t|o ||.st oxo.c|sos .|o.o t|o |rto.||rk.gos bot.oor J|||o.ort
..to. Jsos .rJ Jso.s .||| st..t tc bo |Jort|||oJ, .rJ |t |s t|o.o|c.o ossort|.| t|.t .|| koy ..to.Jso.
g.cJps, .s .o|| .s t|o n.c. scc|ot.| g.cJps ..o .op.osortoJ
69
Eri-crOccOrc cicOicr
A son|st.JctJ.oJ |rto.v|o. |s .r cpor J|scJss|cr bot.oor .r |rto.v|o.o. .rJ . s|rg|o
|rto.v|o.oo (scnot|nos . sn.|| g.cJp), |r .||c| t|o |rto.v|o.o. |s gJ|JoJ by . c|ock||st c| koy
,Jost|crs ||s st.JctJ.o orsJ.os t|.t t|o |rto.v|o. ccvo.s ossort|.| ..o.s bJt |.s t|o ||ox|b|||ty
tc |c||c. Jp |rto.ost|rg ..o.s t|.t n.y rct |.vo boor |rc|JJoJ |r t|o ||st c| tcp|cs
A son|st.JctJ.oJ |rto.v|o. |.s .Jv.rt.gos cvo. . nc.o |c.n.||y st.JctJ.oJ |rto.v|o. t|.t
goro..||y cr|y .JJ.ossos |ssJos |.cn t|o po.spoct|vo c| t|o |rto.v|o.o., .rJ Jcos rct oxp|c.o
ct|o. ..o.s |npc.t.rt tc t|o |rto.v|o.oo |t |.s .Jv.rt.gos cvo. .r Jrst.JctJ.oJ J|scJss|cr
boc.Jso t|o c|ock||st c| koy ,Jost|crs o||c|ts |r|c.n.t|cr t|.t c.r bo ccnp..oJ bot.oor
|rto.v|o.s
Methods and resources
Son|st.JctJ.oJ |rto.v|o.s ..o JsJ.||y c...|oJ cJt by nonbo.s c| t|o |.c|||t.t|cr to.n, pcss|b|y
.|t| st.ko|c|Jo. .op.osort.t|vos |oy s|cJ|J bo c..o|J||y p.op..oJ .rJ p.cpo.|y JccJnortoJ,
p.o|o..b|y ..|ttor Jp |r |J|| cr t|o J.y c| t|o |rto.v|o.
c c...y cJt . son|st.JctJ.oJ |rto.v|o. Joto.n|ro t|o |ssJos .bcJt .||c| |r|c.n.t|cr |s tc bo
cc||octoJ
|ovo|cp . c|ock||st c| . |o. n.c. ,Jost|crs |.op..o |.ctJ.| ,Jost|crs (.|.t`, .|or`, .|o.o`,
.|c`) .rJ .r.|yt|c.| ,Jost|crs (.|y` .rJ |c.`)
Step 1: crJJct t|o |rto.v|o. |r . ,J|ot p|.co ...y |.cn pcss|b|o J|stJ.b.rcos
Step 2: |ot ycJ. |rto.v|o.oo(s) krc. |c. nJc| t|no |t .||| t.ko |rto.v|o.s s|cJ|J rct JsJ.||y
|.st nc.o t|.r 20 n|rJtos, c. |rto.v|o.oos n.y |cso |rto.ost
Step 3: |xp|.|r tc t|o |rto.v|o.oo(s) .|y s/|o ..s |rv|toJ V.ko |t c|o.. t|.t s/|o |.s |.ooJcn
tc .rs.o. .s s/|o .|s|os
Step 4: crJJct t|o |rto.v|o., n.k|rg b.|o| rctos |c. |JtJ.o .o|o.orco
Step 5: \..p Jp t|o |rto.v|o. by t|.rk|rg t|o |rto.v|o.oos .rJ by .sk|rg .|ot|o. ycJ n.y
.pp.c.c| t|on .g.|r .|or t|o rooJ ..|sos S|cJ|J nc.o ,Jost|crs |.vo tc bo .skoJ |t n.y bo
botto. tc ccno b.ck . soccrJ t|no, ..t|o. t|.r gc cr tcc |crg
Ob|ectives
c sJppc.t syston.t|c .r.|ys|s c| . s|tJ.t|cr |r . ..y t|.t |o|ps tc |Jort||y pctort|.| ..ys
|c....J
70
7ips and tricks
|rJ|v|JJ.| |rto.v|o.s n.y bo nc.o Jso|J| t|.r |rto.v|o.s |r g.cJps |o g.o.to. |.ooJcn c|
J|scJss|cr n.y .ovo.| nc.o .bcJt J||||cJ|t |ssJos
|rto.v|o.s s|cJ|J t.ko |rtc .cccJrt cJ|tJ..| sors|b|||t|os O|tor t||s no.rs t|.t nor s|cJ|J
|rto.v|o. nor .rJ .cnor s|cJ|J |rto.v|o. .cnor V|xoJ g.cJps c.r bo |rto.v|o.oJ by
. sn.|| n|xoJ to.n c| nor .rJ .cnor
Ask |rto.v|o.oos .bcJt t|o|. c.r bo|.v|cJ. .rJ krc.|oJgo, ..t|o. t|.r t|o bo|.v|cJ. .rJ
krc.|oJgo c| ct|o.s (Jr|oss ycJ spoc|||c.||y ..rt tc krc. t|o|. po.copt|crs c| ct|o.s)
Avc|J |o.J|rg ,Jost|crs (SJ.o|y ycJ ..s| ycJ. |.rJs, |c |..no.s ..sto ..to.`) s|rco
t|oy pJs| t|o |rto.v|o.oo |r . co.t.|r J|.oct|cr
Opor ,Jost|crs (\|.t Jc ycJ Jc roxt` c. |cos .rycro |r ycJ. ccnnJr|ty ..sto ..to.`)
p.cv|Jo nc.o .o||.b|o |r|c.n.t|cr
Sk|p ,Jost|crs t|.t soon |..o|ov.rt
Ask .JJ|t|cr.| ,Jost|crs || t|oy soon .o|ov.rt, |r .ospcrso tc .op||os |.cn t|o |rto.v|o.oo
O|tor pocp|o s.y .|.t t|oy t||rk |s cc..oct, c. .|.t t|oy t||rk ycJ ..rt tc |o.. Ask
,Jost|crs |r nc.o t|.r cro ..y .t J|||o.ort pc|rts |r t|o |rto.v|o. (t.|.rgJ|.t|cr) tc c|ock
|c. ccrs|storcy
S||orco |s . Jso|J| tcc| |ocp|o c|tor .JJ .|.t t|oy .o.||y t||rk, .|to. t|oy |.vo g|vor t|o|.
|c.n.| .rs.o.s A s||ort sn||o c. rcJ c.r orccJ..go t|on tc s.y nc.o
Vonc.y |s Jr.o||.b|o \.|to Jp t|o |rto.v|o. .s sccr .s pcss|b|o, p.o|o..b|y t|o s.no J.y
Who is invoIved1
|o |rto.v|o.o. .||| typ|c.||y bo . nonbo. c| t|o |.c|||t.t|cr to.n |c.ovo., .s p..t c| c.p.c|ty
bJ||J|rg .rJ |rst|tJt|cr.||s.t|cr c| t|o .pp.c.c|, .o|ov.rt st.ko|c|Jo.s s|cJ|J bo |rvc|voJ
.|o.ovo. pcss|b|o
7l
EVCJ rlyi
S\O st.rJs |c. st.orgt|s, .o.krossos, cppc.tJr|t|os .rJ t|.o.ts Ar .r.|ys|s c| t|oso |cJ.
o|onorts g|vos . gccJ pc|rto. tc t|o J|.oct|cr .ct|v|t|os s|cJ|J t.ko
||s tcc| .occgr|sos t|.t t|o.o ..o JsJ.||y t.c s|Jos (pcs|t|vo .rJ rog.t|vo) tc .ry g|vor
s|tJ.t|cr .rJ orccJ..gos J|scJss|cr c| bct| |npc.t.rt|y, |t .|sc .occgr|sos .rJ n.kos oxp||c|t
t|o J|||o.orco bot.oor |rto.r.| |.ctc.s (st.orgt|s .rJ .o.krossos) .rJ oxto.r.| |.ctc.s
(cppc.tJr|t|os .rJ t|.o.ts)
CccJ |.c|||t.t|cr c| cpor, |rJopt|, .rJ |ccJsoJ J|scJss|crs |s .o,J|.oJ boc.Jso .g.oonort
nJst bo .o.c|oJ tc |Jort||y st.orgt|s .rJ .o.krossos, .|o.o .o ||rJ cppc.tJr|t|os .rJ .|.t
t|.o.ts .o |.vo tc Jo.| .|t| |r|c.n.t|cr cbt.|roJ t|.cJg| ct|o. tcc|s (sJc| .s . p.cb|on t.oo)
|o|p |r . S\O .r.|ys|s
|o ncst |npc.t.rt .oscJ.co |s . gccJ |.c|||t.tc. .|c JrJo.st.rJs t|o koy J|||o.orcos bot.oor
t|o J|||o.ort S\O o|onorts, .rJ p..t|cJ|..|y t|o |npc.t.rco c| sop...t|rg |rto.r.| |.ctc.s
(t|cso t|.t st.ko|c|Jo.s t|onso|vos c.r c|.rgo) .rJ oxto.r.| |.ctc.s (t|.t t|oy |.vo rc J|.oct
ccrt.c| cvo.)
A S\O c.r bo c...|oJ cJt |r . .c.ks|cp sott|rg c. .|t| |rJ|v|JJ.|s A S\O typ|c.||y p.cv|Jos
|ts .osJ|ts cr cro c. t.c s|oots c| p.po. boc.Jso c| |ts sJcc|rct r.tJ.o . S\O |s |Jo.||y sJ|toJ
tc p.ccoss JccJnort.t|cr
Methods
|oso b.s|c stops ..o Josc.|boJ |c. . .c.ks|cp .rJ s|cJ|J bo .J.ptoJ .s .o|ov.rt |c. ct|o.
sott|rgs
Step 1: Or . |..go p|oco c| p.po. c.o.to . n.t.|x .|t| |cJ. J|v|s|crs st.orgt|s, .o.krossos,
cppc.tJr|t|os, t|.o.ts
Step 2: |..||y t|o cboct|vo S\O |s ncst Jso|J| .|or .o|.toJ tc . spoc|||c cboct|vo c. .ct|v|ty
sJc| .s |np.cv|rg t|o pc.o.s c| . ..to. Jso. .sscc|.t|cr, c. |np.cv|rg t|o cpo..t|cr .rJ
n.|rtor.rco po.|c.n.rco c| . Jop..tnort
Step 3: |Jort||y t|o st.orgt|s, .o.krossos, cppc.tJr|t|os .rJ t|.o.ts .||oct|rg t|o cboct|vo
St.orgt|s ..o |rto.r.| |.ctc.s |o|p|J| tc .c||ov|rg t|o cboct|vo (og .o|| t..|roJ st.||)
\o.krossos ..o |rto.r.| |.ctc.s |..n|J| tc .c||ov|rg t|o cboct|vo (og pcc.|y nct|v.toJ
st.||)
Oppc.tJr|t|os ..o oxto.r.| |.ctc.s |o|p|J| tc .c||ov|rg t|o cboct|vo (og gcvo.rnort
sJppc.t)
Ob|ectives
c sJppc.t syston.t|c .r.|ys|s c| . s|tJ.t|cr |r . ..y t|.t |o|ps tc |Jort||y pctort|.| ..ys
|c....J
72
|.o.ts ..o oxto.r.| |.ctc.s t|.t ..o |..n|J| tc .c||ov|rg t|o cboct|vo (og |rsJ|||c|ort
|JrJ|rg)
Step 4: |so t|o S\O tc .ssoss t|o ||ko|||ccJ c| .c||ov|rg t|o cboct|vo Assoss .|ot|o. t|o
cboct|vo |s .o.||st|c by .sk|rg
|c. c.r .o Jso o.c| st.orgt|`
|c. c.r .o stcp o.c| .o.kross`
|c. c.r .o oxp|c|t o.c| cppc.tJr|ty`
|c. c.r .o Jo.| .|t| o.c| t|.o.t`
bo.. |r n|rJ t|.t t|o S\O .r.|ys|s n.y s|c. t|.t t|o cboct|vo |s Jr.o.||st|c .rJ s|cJ|J bo
ncJ|||oJ c. .b.rJcroJ
7ips and tricks
|o sJccoss c. |.||J.o c| S\O .osts cr t|o sk|||s c| t|o |.c|||t.tc., .rJ t|o .||||rgross c|
st.ko|c|Jo.s tc |c||c. .rJ .ccopt t|o |cg|c ovor || t||s sJggosts .b.rJcr|rg .r cboct|vo
c. .ct|v|ty
\|o.o n.ry S\O o|onorts ..o |Jort|||oJ |t |s Jso|J| tc .oJJco t|on by g.cJp|rg c.
..rk|rg
More information
|ttp//or.|k|poJ|.c.g/.|k|/S\O_Ar.|ys|s
Who is invoIved1
S\O |s Jso|J| |r . v..|oty c| J|||o.ort sott|rgs .rJ c.r bo JsoJ .|t| .|| st.ko|c|Jo.s, sc |crg .s
sk|||oJ |.c|||t.t|cr |s .v.||.b|o
73
|ricricicicr rc rrlir_
|c|co .rJ Joc|s|cr n.k|rg ||o .t t|o |o..t c| |np.cvoJ ..to. gcvo.r.rco V.|rt.|r|rg
ccr||Jorco |r |c. c|c|cos ..o n.Jo p..t|cJ|..|y |r t|o cboct|v|ty .rJ t..rsp..orcy c| Joc|s|cr
n.k|rg |s c.|t|c.| tc n.|rt.|r|rg ||g| |ovo|s c| st.ko|c|Jo. bJy|r C|vor t|o |r|o.ort|y pc||t|c.|
r.tJ.o c| ..to. n.r.gonort, tcc|s .rJ not|cJs t|.t |o|p st.ko|c|Jo.s n.ko t|o p.ccoss
c|o..o. .rJ |oss sJboct|vo c.r bo vo.y Jso|J| |r |rc.o.s|rg t..rsp..orcy .rJ .ccopt.b|||ty |o
..rk|rg tcc| |s . .o|.t|vo|y s|np|o yot pc.o.|J| not|cJ |c. n.k|rg c|c|cos, p..t|cJ|..|y bot.oor
. ..rgo c| pcss|b|o cpt|crs ono.g|rg, |c. ox.np|o, |.cn . st..togy Jovo|cpnort p.ccoss)
A ..rk|rg oxo.c|so c.r ..rgo |.cn vo.y s|np|o tc ,J|to ccnp|ox |o not|cJ Josc.|boJ |o.o
st..ts s|np|y, bJt crco .o|g|t|rg |s b.cJg|t |r, boccnos nc.o ccnp||c.toJ
\|||o c||o.|rg t|o pctort|.| tc n.ko Joc|s|crs nc.o cpor .rJ t..rsp..ort, ..rk|rg (||ko ct|o.
tcc|s) |s c| ccJ.so st||| cpor tc n.r|pJ|.t|cr, p..t|cJ|..|y by t|o po.scr |.c|||t.t|rg t|o oxo.c|so
c. by Jcn|roo.|rg nonbo.s c| . g.cJp
|o n.|r .oscJ.co .o,J|.oJ |c. ..rk|rg |s . sk|||oJ |.c|||t.tc. |.rk|rg c.r bo JsoJ |r n.ry
sott|rgs |.cn .c.k|rg .|t| |rJ|v|JJ.|s tc |..go .c.ks|cps \|t||r . .c.ks|cp sott|rg st.rJ..J
.c.ks|cp n.to.|.|s ..o JsoJ (|||p c|..t, c..Js, pors otc)
Methods
|o stops sot cJt |o.o ..o goro.|c tc ncst ..rk|rg oxo.c|sos t|oy c.r bo .J.ptoJ tc . .|Jo
v..|oty c| sott|rgs
Step 1: |ovo|cp . c|o.. .rJ Jr.nb|gJcJs ||st c| t|o o|onorts tc bo ..rkoJ |oso c.r bo
p.cb|ons c. sc|Jt|crs tc p.cb|ons
Step 2: |ovo|cp . ||st c| koy c.|to.|. by .||c| tc ..rk t|o o|onorts, |c. ox.np|o, t|o ccst .rJ
||ko|y |np.ct c| sc|Jt|crs tc p.cb|ons, c. t|o |np.ct c| p.cb|ons cr t|o pcc.ost .rJ ncst
n..g|r.||soJ
Step 3: |... Jp . n.t.|x, pJtt|rg so|octoJ o|onorts cr t|o |c.|.crt.| .x|s .rJ t|o so|oct|cr
c.|to.|. cr t|o vo.t|c.| .x|s |rsJ.o t|.t Josc.|pt|crs ..o c|o.. tc .|| st.ko|c|Jo.s
Ob|ectives
c st|nJ|.to J|scJss|cr .bcJt J|||o.ort cpt|crs |o.J|rg tc .o|| ccrs|Jo.oJ Joc|s|crs
c ..rk pcss|b|o cpt|crs syston.t|c.||y, cboct|vo|y, .rJ t..rsp..ort|y .ccc.J|rg tc c.|to.|.
ost.b||s|oJ by st.ko|c|Jo.s
74
Step 4: Ask p..t|c|p.rts tc g|vo o.c| o|onort . scc.o .ccc.J|rg tc t|o c.|to.|. A rJnbo. c|
v..|.t|crs |c. scc.|rg ..o pcss|b|o .c c| t|o ncst ccnncr ..o
|c. o.c| c.|to.|. Joc|Jo .||c| pcss|b|o sc|Jt|cr |s bost, .||c| cro |s soccrJ bost otc C|vo
t|o bost . scc.o o,J.| tc t|o rJnbo. c| c|c|cos .rJ t|o g|vo roxt bost . scc.o cro |oss t|.r
t|o rJnbo. otc (|| t|o rJnbo. c| pcss|b|o sc|Jt|crs |s 4, g|vo t|o bost . scc.o c| 4, t|o roxt
bost 3 otc) ||s k|rJ c| scc.|rg |.s t|o .Jv.rt.go c| s|np||c|ty bJt Jcos rct .||c. g.o.t
J|||o.ort|.t|cr bot.oor bost .rJ .c.st cpt|crs
A||cc.to . ||n|toJ sot rJnbo. c| vctos tc o.c| p..t|c|p.rt .rJ .||c. t|on tc .||cc.to t|on
.|o.ovo. t|oy ||ko |r t|o n.t.|x ||s .||| |Jort||y t|o bost sc|Jt|crs .rJ .t t|o s.no t|no
||g|||g|t t|o o|onorts .rJ c.|to.|. JJgoJ tc bo ncst |npc.t.rt A||cc.to . .o|g|t c.
scc.o tc o.c| c| t|o c.|to.|. tc onp|.s|so t|o|. .o|.t|vo |npc.t.rco |or nJ|t|p|y t||s
.o|g|t by t|o scc.o g|vor tc o.c| o|onort
Step 5: Orco .|| t|o sc|Jt|crs |.vo boor ..rkoJ .g.|rst .|| c.|to.|., .JJ Jp t|o scc.os .rJ
J|scJss t|o .osJ|ts A||c. pocp|o tc vc|co JcJbts, .rJ oxp|c.o t|oso |o .|n s|cJ|J bo tc ...|vo
.t ccrsorsJs cr t|o ..rk|rg c. .s ro.. .s pcss|b|o A||c. pocp|o tc c|.rgo t|o|. n|rJs || t|oy
|oo| t|o ||r.| scc.o Jcos rct cc..ospcrJ tc t|o|. |oo||rgs
7ips and tricks
V.t.|x ..rk|rg .c.ks bost || t|o rJnbo. c| o|onorts bo|rg ccnp..oJ |s .o|.t|vo|y sn.||
(|Jo.||y rc nc.o t|.r 56) .rJ t|o.o ..o c|o.. J|||o.orcos bot.oor t|on
||scJss|cr c| t|o scc.|rg c.|to.|. |s oxt.ono|y |npc.t.rt ||||o.orcos c| cp|r|cr, |c. ox.np|o
.ncrg .o||tcJc .rJ pcc. pocp|o c. .ncrg nor .rJ .cnor, ..o . gccJ cppc.tJr|ty tc
J|sccvo. t|.t pocp|o n.y |.vo J|||o.ort rc.ns .rJ v.|Jos ||||o.orcos c| cp|r|cr s|cJ|J
rct bo ccvo.oJ cvo., .rJ Jc rct rocoss..||y |.vo tc bo .osc|voJ |t |s nc.o |npc.t.rt t|.t
t|oy ..o .ccoptoJ s|rco t||s .||c.s t|on tc bo Jo.|t .|t|
|c. sors|t|vo |ssJos |rJ|v|JJ.| c. soc.ot scc.|rg c.r bo Jso|J|
bo ....o t|.t || ycJ .||c. o.c| po.scr tc |.vo . ||g| rJnbo. c| vctos tc ....J, t|o.o .|||
bo . torJorcy tc ....J . scc.o tc ovo.y cpt|cr, n|r|n|s|rg t|o J|||o.orcos || ycJ ||n|t t|o
tct.| rJnbo. c| vctos o.c| po.scr |.s, t|oy |.vo tc n.ko |..Jo. c|c|cos +cJ n.y ||rJ t|o
|.tto. nc.o Jso|J| |r sc.t|rg cJt t|o .o.| .|rro.s .rJ |cso.s
Who is invoIved1
|.rk|rg |s Jso|J| |r . v..|oty c| J|||o.ort sott|rgs .rJ c.r bo JsoJ .|t| .|| st.ko|c|Jo.s |o ncst
|npc.t.rt o|onort |s sk|||oJ |.c|||t.t|cr
75
^cccOrcLilicy rc ri_lc rlyi
AcccJrt.b|||ty .rJ .|g|ts .r.|ys|s |s . ||A tcc| tc J|sccvo. .|c |s soor tc |.vo .|g|ts cvo. ..to.
.||cc.t|cr .rJ Jso .rJ .|c |s .cccJrt.b|o |c. t|cso .|g|ts AcccJrt.b|||ty .rJ, by .sscc|.t|cr,
c.ro.s||p |s cr|y .ssJnoJ by |rJ|v|JJ.|s c. ccnnJr|ty g.cJps .|or (|) t|oy po.co|vo t|o
boro||ts, (||) t|oy |.vo .|g|ts, .ccoss .rJ ccrt.c| cvo. .oscJ.cos, (|||) t|oy |.vo t|o krc.|oJgo
.rJ c.p.c|t|os tc n.r.go .oscJ.cos, .rJ (|v) t|oy |.vo t|o c.g.r|s.t|cr.| st.orgt| .rJ c|.|n
n.k|rgpc.o. tc .o.||so t|oso .ct|v|t|os
||s tcc| .r.|ysos t|o oxtort tc .||c| pocp|o .s |rJ|v|JJ.|s c. g.cJps t.ko .ospcrs|b|||ty |c.
.|.t t|oy Jc t|onso|vos .rJ t|o oxtort tc .||c| t|oy ..o .||||rg tc .cccJrt |c. t|oso .cts tc
ct|o.s .rJ t|onso|vos ||s c.r bo no.sJ.oJ by spoc|||c .ct|crs .rJ no.sJ.os pocp|o t.ko .rJ
by t|o |c.n.| .rJ |r|c.n.| .J|os .rJ .ogJ|.t|crs t|.t pocp|o .g.oo .rJ .b|Jo tc
AcccJrt.b|||ty .r.|ys|s .ovo.|s t|o oxtort tc .||c| t|o scc|coccrcn|c .rJ |rst|tJt|cr.|
orv|.crnort or.b|os pocp|o tc .ssJno .cccJrt.b|||ty |c. t|o n.r.gonort .rJ Jso c| |cc.|
..to. .oscJ.cos Oro not|cJ |s tc |Jort||y p.cxy |rJ|c.tc.s |c. t|o oxtort t|.t |cc.| pocp|o
c.r .ssJno .cccJrt.b|||ty |c. .rJ c.ro.s||p c| sJst.|r.b|o ..to. .oscJ.co n.r.gonort
|o .osJ|ts c| sJc| .ssossnort p.cv|Jo |npc.t.rt c|Jos .bcJt .|y c.ro.s||p |s t.kor c. rct
t.kor, .rJ g|vo pc|rto.s |c. p.|c.|ty .ct|crs .rJ .Jvcc.cy At ct|o. t|nos, |t c.r bo JsoJ |c.
ncr|tc.|rg
CccJ |.c|||t.tc.s ..o .o,J|.oJ tc ccrJJct |rJ|v|JJ.| .rJ g.cJp |rto.v|o.s .rJ, || .oscJ.cos ..o
.v.||.b|o, nc.o |c.n.| ccnnJr|ty|ovo| stJJ|os
Methods
|o .r.|ys|s |s Jcro by |cck|rg |rJopt| .t t|o |cJ. rocoss..y ccrJ|t|crs nort|croJ .bcvo
(po.co|voJ boro||ts, ccrt.c| cvo. .oscJ.cos, c.p.c|ty tc n.r.go .oscJ.cos, .rJ c.g.r|s.t|cr.|
st.orgt|) Son|st.JctJ.oJ c|ock||sts c| ,Jost|crs .rJ |ssJos c.r bo Jovo|cpoJ tc sook cJt
|r|c.n.t|cr
|c.ovo., t||s tcc| |.s tc bo c.p.b|o c| J|||o.ort|.t|rg bot.oor gorJo.s .rJ J|||o.ort .o.|t| .rJ
pc.o. g.cJps, .s .o|| .s bot.oor J|||o.ort ..to. Jso c.togc.|os, tc orsJ.o t|.t t|o pcc.ost .rJ
ncst vJ|ro..b|o |.vo t|o|. o,J|t.b|o s|..o |r ..to. .rJ c.r oxo.c|so ccrt.c| .rJ c.ro.s||p
|o |c||c.|rg stops c.r bo JsoJ
Ob|ectives
Obt.|r Jot.||oJ scc|.|/pc.o. |r|c.n.t|cr .bcJt J|||o.ort ..to. Jso/Jso. c.togc.|os
Obt.|r |rs|g|ts |rtc .|y |cc.| pocp|o c.rrct .ssJno .cccJrt.b|||ty |c. .ct|v|t|os .o|.toJ tc Jso
.rJ n.r.gonort c| t|o|. ..to. .oscJ.cos
Obt.|r |rs|g|ts |rtc .|y |cc.| pocp|o ..o Jr.b|o tc c|.|n t|o|. .ccoss .|g|ts tc ..to.
76
Step 1: |Jort||y J|||o.ort ..to. Jso. c.togc.|os |r . ccnnJr|ty .|t| .og..J tc J|.oct p|ys|c.|
.v.||.b|||ty c| ..to., .ccoss .rJ .|g|ts tc ..to., |c. t|oy Jso ..to. c| v..|cJs ,J.||t|os .rJ t|o
typo c| toc|rc|cgy JsoJ
Step 2: |rccvo. .||c| ..to. Jso.s (c.togc.|os) c.r bo ccrs|Jo.oJ JrJo.p.|v||ogoJ |r to.ns c|
.ccoss .rJ .|g|ts tc ,J.||ty ..to. .rJ s.r|t.t|cr ||s p.cb.b|y g|vos c|Jos tc ct|o. J|nors|crs
c| scc|.|, cJ|tJ..|, c. occrcn|c J|||o.ort|.t|cr .|t||r t|o ccnnJr|ty
Step 3: ||rJ cJt |c. o.c| ..to. Jso. c.togc.y .|.t |cc.| noc|.r|sns |r t|o|. ccnnJr|ty
or|.rco c. .ost.|ct .ccoss tc (,J.||ty) ..to. |c. JrJo.p.|v||ogoJ ..to. Jso. c.togc.|os
Step 4: Ask J|||o.ort ..to. Jso. c.togc.|os .bcJt .|c |s ccrs|Jo.oJ tc |.vo .|g|ts tc ..to. .rJ
.|y` \|c Jcos rct .rJ .|y rct` \|c |c|Js t||s cp|r|cr`
Step 5: ||rJ cJt (Js|rg p..t|c|p.tc.y .pp.c.c|os) .bcJt t|o J|.oct p.|c.|t|os c| o.c| ..to. Jso.
c.togc.y (ospoc|.||y t|o JrJo.p.|v||ogoJ) .rJ .bcJt t|o |cc.| .rJ |nnoJ|.to sc|Jt|crs t|oy soo
tc .c||ovo t|oso p.|c.|t|os
Vc.o |rJopt| |r|c.n.t|cr c.r bo cbt.|roJ by ,Jost|cr|rg so|octoJ c.togc.|os c| ..to. Jso.s
.bcJt
Step 6: |o boro||ts t|oy po.co|vo |.cn ox|st|rg .rJ p.cpcsoJ ..to. .oscJ.co n.r.gonort
.rJ ..to. so.v|co p.cv|s|cr |rto.vort|crs (|..|g.t|cr, J.|rk|rg ..to., s.r|t.t|cr otc)
Step 7: |o krc.|oJgo .rJ c.p.c|t|os t|oy |.vo c. |.ck tc |np|onort .rJ n.r.go ox|st|rg .rJ
p.cpcsoJ ..to. .oscJ.co n.r.gonort |rto.vort|crs
Step 8: Ary o||oct|vo |c.n.| .rJ/c. |r|c.n.| .|g|ts t|oy |.vo tc .ccoss ..to. .oscJ.cos |r t|o
ccnnJr|ty c. tc boro||t |.cn ox|st|rg c. p.cpcsoJ ..to. .oscJ.co n.r.gonort |rto.vort|crs,
Step 9: |c. t|oy oxo.c|so |r||Jorco (|o t|o|. c|.|nn.k|rg pc.o.) cr ccnnJr|ty |o.Jo.s .rJ
ct|o. |r||Jort|.| po.scrs c. |rst|tJt|crs |rs|Jo c. cJts|Jo t|o|. ccnnJr|ty tc |np.cvo t|o|.
.ccoss tc c|o.r ..to. .rJ o||oct|vo s.r|t.t|cr |c. t|oy .c,J|.o t|o rocoss..y krc.|oJgo .rJ
c.p.c|t|os tc n.r.go t|oso, tc got . g.o.to. s|..o c| boro||ts, .rJ, tc .c||ovo .|g|ts .rJ .ccoss
.|t| .og..J tc ox|st|rg c. p.cpcsoJ ..to. .oscJ.co n.r.gonort |rto.vort|crs
|o pJ.pcso c| Stop 9 |s tc |Jort||y .|.t pc.o. .o|.t|crs |r . ccnnJr|ty pcs|t|vo|y c. rog.t|vo|y
.||oct . Jso.s s|..o c| ,J.||ty ..to.
Or t|o b.s|s c| .rs.o.s tc .bcvo ,Jost|crs
Step 10: Ar.|yso .|.t cbst.c|os t|oso ..to. Jso.s oxpo.|orco t|.t ccrst..|r t|on |.cn |oo||rg
.cccJrt.b|o |c. c. t.k|rg c.ro.s||p c| . spoc|||c ..to. |rto.vort|cr t|.t |s |r t|o|. |rto.osts
Step 11: |xp|c.o .|t| J|||o.ort ..to. Jso. c.togc.|os .|.t c.r bo Jcro tc cvo.ccno
toc|rc|cg|c.|, scc|coccrcn|c, |rst|tJt|cr.|, c. |og.| pc||t|c.| b...|o.s tc c.ro.s||p .rJ
.cccJrt.b|||ty
Step 12: |xp|c.o .t |rst|tJt|cr.| |ovo|s cJts|Jo t|o ccnnJr|ty .|.t c.r bo Jcro tc cvo.ccno
cJ|tJ..|, scc|coccrcn|c, |rst|tJt|cr.|, c. pc||t|c.| b...|o.s tc c.ro.s||p .rJ .cccJrt.b|||ty |c.
o.c| spoc|||oJ c.togc.y c| ..to. Jso.
77
7ips and tricks
\|or t|o .r.|ys|s |.s boor Jcro, |ooJ b.ck cJtccnos .rJ .osJ|ts tc t|o ccnnJr|ty .s . c.|t|c.|
p..t c| vo.||y|rg ccrc|Js|crs
|o .osJ|ts/.rs.o.s tc t|o |cJ. ,Jost|crs JrJo. Stops 69 c.r bo st.JctJ.oJ Js|rg t|o |..no.c.k
|r t|o |c||c.|rg ||gJ.os
Pre-conditions Low SIight Ok High
A...oross/.p.c|t|os .rJ krc.|oJgo
boro||ts
||g|ts, Accoss .rJ crt.c|
|.|nn.k|rg |c.o.
Iigure 13: xtent that pre-conditions for IocaI IeveI accountabiIity in IWRM are fuIfiIIed
More Information
|.b.r, | (200) AcccJrt.b|||ty .rJ ||g|ts |r ||g|tb.soJ App.c.c|os |c. |cc.| \.to. Ccvo.rnort
|r |rto.r.t|cr.| 'cJ.r.| |c. \.to. |oscJ.cos |ovo|cpnort (\c| 23, |c 2, p 333345, 'Jro 200)
Who is invoIved1
|.c|||t.tc.s nJst c..o|J||y so|oct t|o c.togc.|os c| ..to. Jso. |c. .|cn .cccJrt.b|||ty .rJ .|g|ts
.r.|ys|s |s ncst Jso|J| |cso Jso.s ..o c|cso|y |rvc|voJ |r t||s p.ccoss
Iigure 12: AccountabiIity at IocaI IeveIs for naturaI resources management
|A|VVA|||C
|O\||
||C|S b|||||S
A|A|||S
78
Jccl fcr ir_
||s g.cJp c| tcc|s .rJ .pp.c.c|os |s JsoJ p.|n..||y .|t||r t|o .ssoss|rg p|.so c| t|o |V|O\||S
.pp.c.c| |o .pp.c.c|os Josc.|boJ |o.o ..o ccrco.roJ .|t| t|o cc||oct|cr, .r.|ys|s .rJ
stc..go c| p|ys|c.| .rJ scc|ot.| |r|c.n.t|cr .o|.toJ tc ..to. OJtpJts |.cn scno c| t|oso tcc|s
..o |||Jst..toJ |r ApporJ|x 1
79
|cOrc, irfrcrOccOr, crrc rc cc t||L^1
|||A |s rct . spoc|||c sot c| .ct|v|t|os, bJt .r .r.|yt|c.| |..no.c.k t|.t |o|ps tc st.JctJ.o ..to.
.o|.toJ |r|c.n.t|cr |cg|c.||y .rJ t..rsp..ort|y |||As n.|r pJ.pcso |s tc sJppc.t Jovo|cpnort
c| . ..to. .oscJ.cos .ssossnort (\|A), ccrs|Jo.|rg bct| t|o sJpp|y s|Jo (.oscJ.cos .rJ
|r|..st.JctJ.o) .rJ o||oct|vo Jon.rJ |c. ..to. (Jon.rJ p|Js .ccoss)
|o ccrcopt c| |||A |s s|np|o |so.s |.vo . Jon.rJ |c. ..to., .rJ tc noot t||s t|oy JsJ.||y
.o|y cr . p.cv|Jo. (.|c n.r.gos |r|..st.JctJ.o, ||ko p|pos .rJ .oso.vc|.s), .|||o bct| Jso. .rJ
p.cv|Jo. .o|y cr r.tJ..| ..to. .oscJ.cos (.|vo.s, |.kos c. JrJo.g.cJrJ scJ.cos) .||c| nJst bo
n.r.goJ .rJ kopt c|o.r |oso Jso.s, ..to. so.v|co p.cv|Jo.s .rJ ..to. .oscJ.co n.r.go.s
|.vo sop...to .pp.c.c|os .rJ |rst|tJt|crs, .rJ sc |.ck . ccnncr noot|rg pc|rt |cto t|.t
|r|..st.JctJ.o ccnp.|sos rct cr|y p|ys|c.| st.JctJ.os bJt .|sc |rc|JJos t|o c.g.r|s.t|cr.|
st.JctJ.os t|.t koop t|on .c.k|rg
\.to. Jso.s t||rk |r to.ns c| |cJso|c|Js, v|||.gos c. t|o |..|g.toJ ..o. n.r.goJ by . ..to.
Jso. .sscc|.t|cr \.to. so.v|co p.cv|Jo.s t||rk |r to.ns c| |..go p|poJ ..to. systons c. n.|r
|..|g.t|cr c.r.|s \.to. .oscJ.co n.r.go.s t||rk |r to.ns c| c.tc|norts .rJ .,J||o.s .rJ t|o
.og|cr.| |ovo| bcJ|os t|.t |cck .|to. t|on V.ry c| t|o ncst |rt..ct.b|o p.cb|ons c| ..to.
.oscJ.co n.r.gonort ccno |.cn t|o |.ct t|.t t|o bcJrJ..|os c| t|oso t|.oo g.cJps c| pocp|o
Jc rct n.tc|, .rJ t|.t t|o |rst|tJt|crs |rvc|voJ ..o J|||o.ort
|o p.cb|ons t|.t . pcc. .cn.r oxpo.|orcos |r gott|rg Jcnost|c ..to. n.y bo .o|.toJ tc |cc.|
|ssJos tc Jc .|t| .ccoss .|t||r t|o v|||.go, c. tc pcc.|y n.r.goJ sJpp|y |r|..st.JctJ.o, c. tc t|o
|.ct t|.t t|o.o |s s|np|y rct orcJg| ..to. .oscJ.co tc noot ovo.ycros rooJs |o ncst J||||cJ|t
.rJ |rt..ct.b|o p.cb|ons .o|.to tc .|| t|.oo
|||A |s JsoJ tc st.JctJ.o t|o cc||oct|cr c| |r|c.n.t|cr |r t|o .ssoss|rg p|.so |c.ovo., |t s|cJ|J
.|sc |r|c.n .|| .r.|ysos c| ..to. .o|.toJ p.cb|ons .rJ pctort|.| sc|Jt|crs |.cn |r|t|.| p.cb|on
t.oo .r.|ysos, t|.cJg| st.ko|c|Jo. |Jort|||c.t|cr tc st..togy Jovo|cpnort
|c. ox.np|o, . p.cb|on t.oo oxo.c|so t|.t ccrs|Jo.s .oscJ.cos, |r|..st.JctJ.o, Jon.rJ .rJ
.ccoss .||| rct s.t|s|y |tso|| .|t| p.cb|ons cr|y .t v|||.go |ovo| bJt .||| |c||c. sJpp|y ||ros c| p|po
rot.c.ks .rJ c.r.|s b.ck tc t|o ..to. .oscJ.co b.so, .rJ .||| |Jort||y koy st.ko|c|Jo.s .rJ
p.cb|ons .t o.c| |ovo|
Ob|ectives
c st.JctJ.o t|o cc||oct|cr .rJ .r.|ys|s c| |r|c.n.t|cr .bcJt Jso.s Jon.rJ |c., .rJ .ccoss tc,
..to. ||s .pp.c.c| |Jort|||os b...|o.s tc noot|rg t||s Jon.rJ .rJ t|o pctort|.| tc |np.cvo
.ccoss .|t||r systons .rJ |rst|tJt|crs .t t|o |ovo| c| Jso.s, so.v|co p.cv|Jo.s, .rJ ..to. .oscJ.co
n.r.go.s
80
Methods
Step 1: |o st..t|rg pc|rt |c. Js|rg |||A tc st.JctJ.o . ..to. .oscJ.co .ssossnort |s tc g.t|o.
t|o rocoss..y |r|c.n.t|cr tc .rs.o. koy ,Jost|crs .o|.t|rg tc o.c| o|onort c| t|o .r.|ys|s
|oso ,Jost|crs ..o .bcJt
|on.rJ .rJ .ccoss
\|.t |s t|o Jon.rJ |c. ..to. |.cn J|||o.ort ..to. Jso.s .rJ scc|ot.| g.cJps (,J.rt|ty,
,J.||ty, .o||.b|||ty, |cc.t|cr)`
\|.t ox|st|rg .ccoss Jc Jso.s |.vo tc ..to. rc., tc .|.t oxtort |s Jon.rJ s.t|s||oJ`
\|.t ..o t|o koy ..to. .o|.toJ |rst|tJt|crs .o|ov.rt tc t|o v..|cJs ..to.Jso. g.cJps`
\|.t b...|o.s tc .ccoss ..o oxpo.|orcoJ by J|||o.ort ..to. Jso. g.cJps (||g| Jso. |oos,
.o,J|.onort tc |.vo nonbo.s||p c| .sscc|.t|crs otc)`
|r|..st.JctJ.o
\|.t ..o t|o n.|r p|ys|c.| o|onorts c| t|o ..to. sJpp|y |r|..st.JctJ.o (.oso.vc|.s, c.r.|s,
t.o.tnort p|.rts, p|po rot.c.ks otc)`
\|.t |s t|o c.p.c|ty c| t||s |r|..st.JctJ.o (stc..go, t.o.tnort, sJpp|y) tc noot Jon.rJ`
\|.t |rst|tJt|crs ..o .o|.toJ tc ..to. sJpp|y |r|..st.JctJ.o`
\.to. .oscJ.cos
\|.t ..to. .oscJ.cos ..o J...r cr by t|o ..to. sJpp|y |r|..st.JctJ.o`
\|.t |s t|o sJst.|r.b|o ,J.rt|ty c| .ccopt.b|o ,J.||ty ..to. t|.t t|oy c.r sJpp|y`
\|.t ct|o. Jon.rJs ..o n.Jo Jpcr t|on`
\|.t n.c. |rst|tJt|crs ..o |rvc|voJ |r n.r.g|rg ..to. .oscJ.cos` \|.t ..o t|o|. .c|os .rJ
.ospcrs|b|||t|os` |c. o||oct|vo ..o t|oy`
Step 2: |r|c.n.t|cr cc||octoJ JJ.|rg t|o |||A .r.|ys|s s|cJ|J bo stc.oJ |r .r |r|c.n.t|cr b.so,
ncst ||ko|y ccrs|st|rg c| sp.o.Js|oots .rJ |.yo.s c| |r|c.n.t|cr |r . gocg..p||c |r|c.n.t|cr
syston (C|S |.yo.s) |Jo.||y, t|o stc..go st.JctJ.o s|cJ|J .o||oct t|o |||A o|onorts, |c. ox.np|o,
by Js|rg J|||o.ort s|oots .|t||r . sp.o.Js|oot tc sJnn..|so o.c| |||A o|onort .rJ .rct|o. tc
J... tcgot|o. koy J.t. crtc . s|rg|o s|oot
Step 3: |r nc.o ccnp|ox s|tJ.t|crs . J.t.b.so n.y bo .o,J|.oJ bJt t|o oxporso c| sott|rg Jp
sJc| . syston s|cJ|J bo .o|g|oJ .g.|rst t|o ||ko|y boro||ts Spoc|.||st .Jv|co s|cJ|J bo scJg|t
bo|c.o n.k|rg n.c. |rvostnorts
7ips and tricks
|o bcJrJ..|os bot.oor o|onorts c| |||A ..o rct .|..ys c|o.. |c. ox.np|o, . |..go |..|g.t|cr
c.r.| c.r bo soor .s |r|..st.JctJ.o |c. .r ..o., c. .s . ..to. .oscJ.co |c. . s|rg|o v|||.go
|o||r|rg t|on |s scnot||rg t|.t |s bost Jcro |r . |cc.| ccrtoxt .s p..t c| t|o st.ko|c|Jo.
J|.|cgJo p.ccoss |oc|J|rg |c. tc t.o.t .rJ |rto.p.ot J|||o.ort J.t. n.y .|sc c.|| |c. oxpo.t
|rvc|vonort
A koy p..t c| t|o .ssoss|rg p|.so |s Joc|J|rg .|.t |r|c.n.t|cr c.r bo cc||octoJ |.cn ox|st|rg
soccrJ..y scJ.cos .rJ .|.t .||| .o,J|.o p.|n..y J.t. yp|c.||y, Jso..o|.toJ J.t. (Jon.rJ,
.ccoss, |cc.| |rst|tJt|crs) .o,J|.os ncst|y p.|n..y J.t., c|tor cc||octoJ Js|rg . ..rgo c| ||A
tcc|s, .|||o ..to. .oscJ.co J.t. |s JsJ.||y cc||octoJ |.cn soccrJ..y scJ.cos |r|c.n.t|cr
.bcJt |r|..st.JctJ.o typ|c.||y .o,J|.os . n|x c| bct|
8l
A |||A p.ccoss |s .r |npc.t.rt p..t c| ....oross ..|s|rg |o koy pc|rt |s t|.t pocp|o
JrJo.st.rJ t|o |J|| c|.|r c| .oscJ.cos, |..J...o .rJ |rst|tJt|crs |rvc|voJ |r p.cv|J|rg
..to. so.v|cos
|||A Jcos rct t.ko p|.co cr . s|rg|o sc.|o |o ..o. c| |rto.ost n.y st..t .|t| t|o v|||.go
.|o.o Jon.rJ .rJ .ccoss ..o bo|rg .ssossoJ bJt |t nJst |c||c. t|o |cg|c c| t|o ..to.
syston tc |Jort||y p.cb|ons .rJ cppc.tJr|t|os tc noot t|.t Jon.rJ, .||c| ccJ|J |o.J tc
ccrs|Jo.|rg .r ort|.o J|st.|ct, |cck|rg .t sJpp|y |r|..st.JctJ.o .rJ |Jort||y|rg pctort|.| ..to.
.oscJ.cos
St.JctJ.|rg .r.|yt|c.| tcc|s (sJc| .s ncJo|s) .rJ .opc.ts Js|rg |||A |o|ps tc b.|rg
st.ko|c|Jo.s |.cn J|||o.ort |ovo|s .rJ |rto.ostoJ |r J|||o.ort o|onorts c| |||A tcgot|o. |r .
c|rt .r.|ys|s
Resources
(..to. .oscJ.co
|r sp.co t|no)
|c. nJc| ..to. |r
sp.co/t|no`
\|.t ,J.||ty`
\|c n.r.gos |t`
\|.t .J|os`
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(sJpp|y/t.o.tnort c.p.c|ty)
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(ort|t|onort/rooJ)
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Pump
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Surface
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Iigure 14: An iIIustration of a RIDA assessment preparation with reIevant questions for each part of the assessment
82
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c| ..to..o|.toJ p.cb|ons, |np.cvo so.v|cos .rJ/c. Jovo|cp botto. systons c| ..to. gcvo.r.rco
|c.ovo., p..t|c|p.tc.y .pp..|s.|s t.ko t|no .rJ c|tor goro..to ,J.||t.t|vo |r|c.n.t|cr .||c|
c.r bo J||||cJ|t tc .r.|yso .rJ ccnp..o bot.oor J|||o.ort |cc.t|crs |o J.||t.t|vo |r|c.n.t|cr
Syston (|S) |o|ps tc cvo.ccno t|oso p.cb|ons by Js|rg scc.|rg sc.|os tc ccrvo.t ,J.||t.t|vo
|r|c.n.t|cr |rtc rJnbo.s sc t|.t .osJ|ts c.r bo .r.|ysoJ st.t|st|c.||y
||s |s . ||o|J.c.k tcc|, JsoJ |r ccnnJr|t|os tc .sco.t.|r t|o v|o.s .rJ ccrco.rs c| . ..rgo c|
st.ko|c|Jo.s, |r . |c.n t|.t n.kos |t pcss|b|o tc ccnp..o |ovo|s c| s.t|s|.ct|cr, J|ss.t|s|.ct|cr,
ccrco.rs .rJ st.orgt| c| |oo||rg
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|S p.cv|Jos . ccsto||oct|vo son|,J.rt|t.t|vo no.rs c| ov.|J.t|rg t|o .gg.og.toJ v|o. (c.
po.copt|crs) c| st.ko|c|Jo.s .og..J|rg, |c. ox.np|o, t|o st.tJs c| . ..to. sJpp|y syston
|S c.r bo ncJ|||oJ tc cc||oct |r|c.n.t|cr cr . ..rgo c| J|||o.ort |ssJos c. tcp|cs
|S c.r bo JsoJ tc orccJ..go st.ko|c|Jo. J|.|cgJo cr t|o r.tJ.o, sovo.|ty .rJ/c. |npc.
t.rco c| ..to..o|.toJ p.cb|ons |t |s . pc.o.|J| tcc| |c. |Jort||y|rg pcss|b|o J|sc.op.rc|os
bot.oor c|||c|.| st.t|st|cs .rJ |.cts cr t|o g.cJrJ
|o |r|c.n.t|cr cbt.|roJ c.r bo p.osortoJ cr gocg..p||c.| |r|c.n.t|cr syston (C|S)
|.ycJts, |c. ox.np|o tc n.p t|o |cc.t|cr .rJ sovo.|ty c| ..to. sJpp|y p.cb|ons
|S c.r bo JsoJ tc ncr|tc. t|o p.cg.oss .rJ cJtccnos c| . p.coct
\|||st |S |.s n.ry pctort|.| boro||ts .rJ Jsos, t|o.o ..o pctort|.| .|sks .rJ ccrst..|rts t|.t
rooJ tc bo .occgr|soJ .rJ n|t|g.toJ
|o ,J.||ty c| |S |r|c.n.t|cr |s ||g||y JoporJort cr t|o J|||gorco .rJ sk|||s c| ||o|J st.||
|o.o |s . .|sk t|.t ||o|J st.|| c.r |rt.cJJco b|.s .s . .osJ|t c| t|o ..y |r .||c| t|oy |rt.cJJco
.rJ |.c|||t.to t|o c.J|r.| scc.|rg syston
|o.o |s . .|sk t|.t st.ko|c|Jo.s .||| ox.ggo..to c. ncJ||y t|o|. .ospcrsos tc goro..to botto.
rJnbo.s |c. t|o|. c.so |c. ox.np|o, |..no.s n|g|t ox.ggo..to t|o|. ..to. sJpp|y p.cb|ons
tc Jst||y Jon.rJs |c. nc.o ..to.
As .|t| .|| ||A not|cJs, .ospcrsos ..o scnot|nos |r||JorcoJ by t..rs|tc.y |.ctc.s |c.
ox.np|o, .ospcrsos n.y J|||o. bo|c.o .rJ .|to. . po.|cJ c| ..|r
|r|oss spoc|||c stops ..o t.kor, t|o p.ccoss c.r bo Jcn|r.toJ by nc.o ..t|cJ|.to
st.ko|c|Jo.s
Ob|ectives
c o||c|t |r|c.n.t|cr |.cn |rJ|v|JJ.|s c. g.cJps c| st.ko|c|Jo.s |r . |c.n t|.t c.r o.s||y bo .r.|ysoJ
.rJ JsoJ tc sJppc.t st.ko|c|Jo. J|.|cgJo, p|.rr|rg p.ccossos .rJ p.coct n.r.gonort
c .JJ v.|Jo tc st.rJ..J .pp.c.c|os tc p..t|c|p.tc.y .J..| .pp..|s.|
83
|||oct|vo |S .ssossnorts ..o |o.v||y JoporJort cr bo|rg |.c|||t.toJ by .o|| t..|roJ .rJ .o||
sJpo.v|soJ ||o|J to.ns .|c |.vo b.ckg.cJrJ krc.|oJgo c| |cc.| cJstcns, |cc.| pc||t|cs .rJ
ct|o. |.ctc.s t|.t n|g|t .o|.to tc t|o .ssossnort A gorJo. b.|.rco |s .|sc ||g||y Jos|..b|o As
.|t| ncst ||A ||o|J.c.k, |S ||o|J.c.k |.s tc bo c.g.r|soJ tc ||t |r .|t| t|o .v.||.b|||ty c| koy
|r|c.n.rts ||s c|tor |rvc|vos |c|J|rg noot|rgs JJ.|rg ovor|rgs c. cJts|Jo rc.n.| .c.k|rg
|cJ.s |t |s |npc.t.rt t|.t noot|rgs ..o |o|J .t t|nos .|or .cnor ..o .b|o tc p..t|c|p.to C|vor
t|o rooJ |c. o..|y st..ts .rJ |.to ||r|s|os, .Jo,J.to t..rspc.t nJst bo p.cv|JoJ tc got to.ns tc
.rJ |.cn v|||.gos c. tc.rs .|o.o t|o |S t.kos p|.co |r ncst c.sos, |S to.ns rooJ tc |.vo
.ccoss tc |.ptcp ccnpJto.s sc t|.t J.t. ort.y c.r t.ko p|.co JJ.|rg t|o ||o|J.c.k cr|Js|cr |s
nc.o o.s||y .vc|JoJ, || J.t. ,J.||ty p.cb|ons ..o |Jort|||oJ ,J|ck|y .rJ |c||c.oJ Jp |nnoJ|.to|y
.|t| koy |r|c.n.rts
Methods
|r t|o not|cJ Josc.|boJ |o.o, t|o ||.st |cJ. stops ..o p.op...tc.y, J.t. cc||oct|cr t.kos p|.co
JJ.|rg st.go 5 .rJ 6, .|||o stops .rJ 8 n.ko Jso c| t|o J.t.
Step 1: ||.rr|rg |ooJs .ssossnort |s t|o st..t|rg pc|rt tc Joc|Jo .|ot|o. |S |s t|o .pp.cp.|.to
tcc| \|.t |r|c.n.t|cr |s .o,J|.oJ` \|c .o,J|.os t||s |r|c.n.t|cr` At .|.t tonpc..|, sp.t|.|
.rJ/c. scc|ot.| sc.|o s|cJ|J t|o |r|c.n.t|cr bo cc||octoJ` \|.t .oscJ.cos ..o .v.||.b|o` \|c
.||| t.ko .ospcrs|b|||ty |c. t|o t.sk` |s |S t|o ncst ccsto||oct|vo not|cJ c| cc||oct|rg t||s
|r|c.n.t|cr`
Step 2: Vcb|||s.t|cr, c.p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort .rJ p.op...t|cr c| |S ||o|J |c.n.ts |o |S to.n(s)
|s .ssonb|oJ .rJ t|o|. krc.|oJgo .rJ sk|||s |r Js|rg |S toc|r|,Jos ..o c|ockoJ .rJ |np.cvoJ,
sc t|.t to.n nonbo.s ..o .c.k|rg |r t|o s.no ..y A to.n n.y ..rgo |.cn cro po.scr tc .
|..go. to.n |oJ by . sJpo.v|sc. .|t| oxco||ort ||A .rJ |.c|||t.t|cr sk|||s, n.|o .rJ |on.|o ||o|J
st.|| .rJ scnocro tc p.ccoss .rJ ,J.||ty ccrt.c| t|o J.t. |.op...tc.y J|scJss|crs ccvo. |ssJos
tc bo .ssossoJ, |rJ|c.tc.s bo|rg JsoJ, t|o c.J|r.| sc.|os, .rJ t|o |S ||o|J |c.n.ts |ovo|cpnort
c| t|oso |c.n.ts JsJ.||y |rvc|vos .c|o p|.y .rJ p..ct|co |rto.v|o.s |rvc|v|rg to.n nonbo.s
Step 3: ||o|J tost|rg .c .cJrJs c| ||o|J tost|rg ..o rooJoJ, t|o ||.st tc |Jort||y t|o p.cb|ons |r
t|o ||o|J |c.n.ts, .rJ t|o soccrJ tc n.ko sJ.o t|.t .ov|soJ |c.n.ts ..o sJ|t.b|o |c. t|o sJ.voy At
t|o orJ c| o.c| .cJrJ, |r|c.n.t|cr |.cn t|o p||ct ..o.s s|cJ|J bo p.ccossoJ .rJ .ov|o.oJ
Step 4: |r|c.n|rg |cc.| c|||c|.|s .rJ koy |r|c.n.rts |S .ssossnorts |r . v|||.go c. . tc.r s|cJ|J
bo p|.rroJ |r .Jv.rco .|t| t|o .ss|st.rco c| |cc.| c|||c|.|s .rJ koy |r|c.n.rts
Step 5: |S .ssossnorts A |S .ssossnort JsJ.||y st..ts .|t| . noot|rg .|t| c|||c|.|s, o|Jo.s,
to.c|o.s .rJ ct|o. koy |r|c.n.rts tc J|scJss t|o pJ.pcso c| t|o .ssossnort, tc got b.s|c
|r|c.n.t|cr .bcJt t|o v|||.go, .rJ tc p|.r t|o v..|cJs |ccJs g.cJp J|scJss|crs |o.o.|to.,
|J.t|o. |r|c.n.t|cr c.r bo g.t|o.oJ t|.cJg| . t..rsoct ..|k, scc|.| n.pp|rg .rJ . ..to. syston
.ov|o. SJbso,Jort|y, |r t|o .|to.rccr c. ovor|rg, |J.t|o. |ccJs g.cJps c.r bo |o|J ||r.||y, .
v|||.go noot|rg |s |o|J tc p.cv|Jo |ooJb.ck .rJ tc c.cssc|ock t|o n.|r pc|rts
Step 6: Scc.|rg |..t|c|p.rts bo|rg .skoJ .bcJt t|o|. oxpo.|orcos .rJ .ssossnorts, scc.o t|o|.
.rs.o.s .g.|rst . p.op.op..oJ st.rJ..J ||s c.r bo |rJ|v|JJ.||y c. |r poo. g.cJps
84
Step 7: |.t. p.ccoss|rg ||o|J J.t. |rc|JJ|rg scc.os .rJ t|o .o.scrs |c. g|v|rg t|on s|cJ|J
bo orto.oJ cr tc . ccnpJto. .|t||r . J.y c. t.c c| bo|rg cc||octoJ S|np|o ,J.||ty ccrt.c|
p.ccoJJ.os s|cJ|J bo |c||c.oJ .|t| c.cssvo.|||c.t|cr c| J.t. by ||o|J to.ns
Step 8: |opc.t ..|t|rg .rJ J|sson|r.t|cr |.t. .r.|ys|s s|cJ|J |ccJs cr p.cv|J|rg t|o |r|c.n.
t|cr |Jort|||oJ |r Stop 1 |r |c.n.ts t|.t c.r bo JrJo.stccJ by t|cso |Jort|||oJ .s rooJ|rg |t
7ips and tricks
|t |s c|tor .Jv.rt.gocJs |c. t|o ||o|J to.n tc |rc|JJo pocp|o .|c ccno |.cn t|o ..o. c.
krc. |t vo.y .o||
\|or p|.rr|rg . |S, |t n.y bo rocoss..y tc p.cv|Jo .r ....oross ..|s|rg soss|cr |c.
c|||c|.|s .rJ |r|c.n.rts .|c .||| |o|p |r t|o p.ccoss c. .|cso po.n|ss|cr |s rooJoJ |c. |t tc
gc .|o.J
|o JJ..t|cr c| .r .ssossnort JoporJs cr t|o s|.o c| . v|||.go c. tc.r, t|o .ncJrt c|
|r|c.n.t|cr .o,J|.oJ .rJ t|o s|.o c| t|o |S to.n yp|c.||y, . |S to.n c| t|.oo pocp|o c.r
ccnp|oto .r .ssossnort |r . sn.|| v|||.go (50100 |cJso|c|Js) |r 13 J.ys
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bo |cJrJ |r |oop |t \c.k|rg . ||o|J n.rJ.| tc sJppc.t ccnnJr|ty n.r.gonort c| .J..| ..to.
sJpp|y
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Who is invoIved1
A|| koy st.ko|c|Jo.s s|cJ|J bo |rvc|voJ |r |Jort||y|rg t|o rooJ |c. Js|rg |S .rJ p|.rr|rg |ts Jso
|ospcrs|b|||ty |c. c...y|rg cJt |S .ssossnorts |s .|..ys ||ko|y tc bo Jo|og.toJ tc .r |rJ|v|JJ.| c.
c.g.r|s.t|crs .|t| gccJ |.c|||t.t|cr .rJ ||A sk|||s .rJ oxpo.|orco |r scno c.sos, nonbo.s c| |S
to.ns n.y bo soccrJoJ |.cn st.ko|c|Jo. c.g.r|s.t|crs
85
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pcc. ,J.||ty |r|c.n.t|cr |.vo . ||g| .|sk c| |.||J.o |c.ovo., n.ry p|.rr|rg p.ccossos st.||
c. boccno Jr.ccopt.b|y oxpors|vo boc.Jso oxcoss|vo t|no .rJ .oscJ.cos ..o sport t.y|rg tc
|np.cvo p.oc|s|cr tc |ovo|s t|.t ..o rct .pp.cp.|.to c. .....rtoJ
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J.to .rJ n.y .|sc bo ccnp|oto|y |r.ccJ..to |o.scrs |c. t||s |rc|JJo Jso c| pcc. s.np||rg
toc|r|,Jos, Jso c| no.sJ.|rg .rJ ncr|tc.|rg o,J|pnort t|.t |s |r.pp.cp.|.to c. rct .o||
n.|rt.|roJ, cJtJ.toJ c. |.|so .ssJnpt|crs .bcJt .|c Jsos .|.t ..to., |rvc|vonort c| pocp|o
.|c ..o pcc.|y t..|roJ .rJ pcc.|y nct|v.toJ, n.r|pJ|.t|cr c| |r|c.n.t|cr by pocp|o .|t|
vostoJ |rto.osts |r s|c.|rg s|tJ.t|crs t|.t ..o botto. c. .c.so t|.r .o.||ty
|o |r|c.n.t|cr cr .||c| p|.rr|rg Joc|s|crs ..o b.soJ ox|sts |r . .|Jo ..rgo c| |c.ns .rJ
|c.n.ts ||s ..rgo orccnp.ssos
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J.||t.t|vo |r|c.n.t|cr .o|.t|rg, |c. ox.np|o, tc ..to. gcvo.r.rco p.ccossos, gorJo. |ssJos
.rJ |osscrs |o..rt |r o..||o. p.cocts
|o .|Jo ..rgo c| |c.ns .rJ |c.n.ts no.rs t|.t ,J.||ty ccrt.c| p.ccoJJ.os |.vo tc bo t.||c.oJ
.rJ .J.ptoJ tc t|o |r|c.n.t|cr
J.||ty ccrt.c| c| |r|c.n.t|cr |s c|tor g|vor |c. p.|c.|ty .|or .oscJ.cos c. t|no ..o ||n|toJ
|t |s |npc.t.rt t|.t .ospcrs|b|||t|os |c. ,J.||ty ccrt.c| ..o .||cttoJ spoc|||c.||y tc |rJ|v|JJ.|s c.
g.cJps Scno ,J.||ty ccrt.c| .cJt|ros c.r bo c...|oJ cJt noc|.r|st|c.||y Js|rg ccnpJto.s (og
c|ock|rg .|ot|o. rJno.|c.| |r|c.n.t|cr |.||s .|t||r .ccopt.b|o ..rgos), .rJ c.r bo c...|oJ cJt
.|t| ||n|toJ t..|r|rg Vcst not|cJs c| ,J.||ty ccrt.c| .o,J|.o . gccJ krc.|oJgo c| t|o sJboct
..o. .rJ t|o ..o. |.cn .||c| t|o |r|c.n.t|cr |.s ccno |xpo.|orco .rJ .r or,J|.|rg n|rJ
.Jopt .t spctt|rg |rccrs|storc|os |r |r|c.n.t|cr |.cn J|||o.ort scJ.cos ..o .ssots
Methods
J.||ty ccrt.c| .rJ ,J.||ty .ssJ..rco ..o b.c.J tcp|cs t|.t c.r cr|y bo cJt||roJ |o.o |o
not|cJs .rJ p.ccoJJ.os .||| v..y .|t| t|o sc.|o .rJ ccnp|ox|ty c| t|o |r|c.n.t|cr b.sos |o
|c||c.|rg |rJ|c.t|vo stops c.r bo JsoJ .s . gJ|Jo
Ob|ectives
c orsJ.o t|.t |r|c.n.t|cr JsoJ |r t|o p|.rr|rg p.ccoss |s c| .r .pp.cp.|.to, .ccopt.b|o .rJ
ccrs|stort ,J.||ty
86
Step 1: |Jort||y t|o |r|c.n.t|cr rooJoJ tc sJppc.t t|o p|.rr|rg p.ccoss b..|rstc.n|rg soss|crs
|rvc|v|rg .o|ov.rt st.ko|c|Jo.s .rJ spoc|.||sts ..o . Jso|J| ..y tc Jc t||s
Step 2: |oc|Jo cr t|o |ovo| c| .ccJ..cy .rJ p.oc|s|cr t|.t |s .o,J|.oJ ||s |s .o|.t|vo|y o.sy
.|t| oxpo.|orco crcopts sJc| .s cpt|n.| |grc..rco (||n|t J.t. g.t|o.|rg tc .|.t |s rooJoJ),
.pp.cp.|.to p.oc|s|cr (no.sJ.o cr|y .s .ccJ..to|y .s rocoss..y) .rJ ||t |c. pJ.pcso (|r|c.n.t|cr
nJst bo Jso|J|) ..o .|| .o|ov.rt .|or n.k|rg Joc|s|crs cr .pp.cp.|.to |ovo|s c| .ccJ..cy .rJ
p.oc|s|cr
Step 3: crsc||J.to |r|c.n.t|cr |rtc .r |r|c.n.t|cr b.so ||s c.r bo ccnpJto. b.soJ bJt
ccJ|J .|sc bo . s|np|o c..J ||||rg syston
Step 4: |ock |c. g.ps .rJ n|ss|rg |r|c.n.t|cr |oc|Jo .|ot|o. t|oso g.ps rooJ tc bo ||||oJ
|ock .|ot|o. t|noJoporJort |r|c.n.t|cr |s Jp tc J.to .rJ .|ot|o. c. rct |t rooJs tc bo
b.cJg|t Jp tc J.to |oc|Jo .|ot|o. p.|n..y |r|c.n.t|cr cc||oct|cr |s rooJoJ c. .|ot|o. g.ps
c.r bo |grc.oJ c. ||||oJ by oxt..pc|.t|cr
Step 5: |so ,J.||ty ccrt.c| not|cJs t|.t |rc|JJo
cnpJto.b.soJ toc|r|,Jos |c. c|ock|rg |c. o..c.s |r rJno.|c.| J.t. (|||to.|rg, s|np|o
cc..o|.t|crs, sc.tto. J|.g..ns otc),
.|.rgJ|.t|cr by ccnp..|rg J|||o.ort |rJoporJort scJ.cos (|Jo.||y t|.oo c. nc.o) tc
ost.b||s| .ccJ..cy .rJ .o||.b|||ty c| |r|c.n.t|cr,
borc|n..k|rg st.JctJ.oJ ccnp..|scr .|t| |r|c.n.t|cr |.cn ct|o. sott|rgs,
|ock|rg soccrJ..y |r|c.n.t|cr by cc||oct|rg ro. J.t. |.cn . .op.osort.t|vo s.np|o
7ips and tricks
||sks, |rc|JJ|rg pctort|.| scc|.|, pc||t|c.| .rJ ||r.rc|.| |cssos .sscc|.toJ .|t| |.||J.o, s|cJ|J
bo t.kor |rtc .cccJrt .|or .o.c||rg . Joc|s|cr cr .ccJ..cy .rJ p.oc|s|cr
|t ...o|y n.kos sorso tc |.vo . ||g| |ovo| c| .ccJ..cy .rJ p.oc|s|cr |c. scno |r|c.n.t|cr ||
ct|o. |r|c.n.t|cr t|.t |s p..t c| t|o s.no |r|c.n.t|cr b.so |s rct c| o,J.| .ccJ..cy
|| t|o ||rJ|rgs c| scc|ot.| c. p|ys|c.| .r.|ys|s |c. cro |cc.t|cr ..o ..J|c.||y J|||o.ort tc s|n||..
..o.s, |J.t|o. ,J.||ty ccrt.c| c|ocks n.y bo rooJoJ
Who is invoIved1
A|ncst ovo.ycro boccnos |rvc|voJ |r scno .spocts c| ,J.||ty ccrt.c| .|or ....oross |s ..|soJ
c| t|o v.|Jo c| gccJ ,J.||ty |r|c.n.t|cr Spoc|||c .ospcrs|b|||ty |c. ccnpJto.b.soJ ,J.||ty ccrt.c|
s|cJ|J bo g|vor tc spoc|.||sts .|c |.vo . gccJ krc.|oJgo c| t|o ..o. |r .||c| t|o |r|c.n.t|cr
c.|g|r.toJ
87
Vcr Llrc circicr
|r t|o r.tJ..| orv|.crnort, ..to. |s |r .|ncst ccrst.rt nct|cr .rJ |s .b|o tc c|.rgo st.to |.cn
||,J|J tc . sc||J c. . v.pcJ. JrJo. .pp.cp.|.to ccrJ|t|crs crso.v.t|cr c| n.ss .o,J|.os t|.t,
.|t||r . spoc|||c ..o. cvo. . spoc|||oJ po.|cJ c| t|no, ..to. |r||c.s ..o o,J.| tc ..to. cJt||c.s,
p|Js c. n|rJs .ry c|.rgo c| stc..go .|t||r t|o ..o. c| |rto.ost |Jt nc.o s|np|y, t|o ..to.
orto.|rg .r ..o. |.s tc |o.vo t|o ..o. c. bo stc.oJ .|t||r t|o ..o. |o s|np|ost |c.n c| t|o
..to. b.|.rco o,J.t|cr |s .s |c||c.s
P = Q + S
\|o.o, | |s p.oc|p|t.t|cr, |s .Jrc||, | |s ov.pc..t|cr .rJ /S |s t|o c|.rgo |r stc..go |r t|o sc||,
.,J||o.s c. .oso.vc|.s
|r ..to. b.|.rco .r.|ys|s, |t |s c|tor Jso|J| tc p..t|t|cr ..to. ||c.s .rJ stc..go |rtc g.oor .rJ
b|Jo ..to. b|Jo ..to. |s t|o sJ.|.co .rJ g.cJrJ..to. t|.t |s .v.||.b|o |c. |..|g.t|cr, J.b.r
.rJ |rJJst.|.| Jso .rJ orv|.crnort.| ||c.s C.oor ..to. |s ..to. t|.t |.s boor stc.oJ |r t|o
sc|| .rJ t|.t ov.pc..tos |rtc t|o .tncsp|o.o |o scJ.co c| g.oor ..to. |s ..|r|.|| c. b|Jo
..to. t|.t |.s boor JsoJ |c. |..|g.t|cr
\.to. b.|.rco ost|n.tos ..o c|tor p.osortoJ .s bo|rg p.oc|so |r |.ct, t|o.o |s .|..ys Jrco.t.|rty,
..|s|rg |.cn |r.Jo,J.to J.t. c.ptJ.o rot.c.ks, no.sJ.onort o..c.s .rJ t|o ccnp|ox sp.t|.| .rJ
tonpc..| |oto.cgoro|ty t|.t c|...cto.|sos |yJ.c|cg|c.| p.ccossos crso,Jort|y, Jrco.t.|rty
.r.|ys|s |s .r |npc.t.rt p..t c| ..to. b.|.rco ost|n.t|cr .s |s ,J.||ty ccrt.c| c| |r|c.n.t|cr
bo|c.o |t |s JsoJ
Scno ccnncr p.cb|ons t|.t cccJ. .|or ..to. b.|.rco ost|n.t|crs ..o n.Jo |rc|JJo
onpc..| .rJ sp.t|.| bcJrJ..|os ..o rct Jo||roJ,
|o ,J.||ty c| |rpJt J.t. |s pcc.,
|cJb|o ccJrt|rg c| ..to. ||c.s .|or ..to. ||c.s .|t||r .r ..o. ..o .JJoJ tc ..to. ||c.s
ox|t|rg t|o ..o.,
|r.pp.cp.|.to oxt..pc|.t|cr c| ||o|J |ovo| |r|c.n.t|cr tc . |..go. sc.|o V.ry |yJ.c|cg|c.|
.o|.t|crs||ps ..o sc.|o JoporJort (og .Jrc|| .s . p.cpc.t|cr c| ..|r|.|| |s .|ncst .|..ys
||g|o. .t sn.||o. sp.t|.| .rJ tonpc..| sc.|os),
|rtJ|t|cr (c|tor b.soJ cr pcpJ|.. nyt|s) |s JsoJ ..t|o. t|.r gccJ ,J.||ty |r|c.n.t|cr,
Ob|ectives
\.to. b.|.rco .r.|ys|s c.r bo JsoJ tc
Assoss t|o cJ..ort st.tJs .rJ t.orJs |r ..to. .oscJ.co .v.||.b|||ty |r .r ..o. cvo. . spoc|||oJ
po.|cJ c| t|no
St.orgt|or ..to. n.r.gonort Joc|s|crn.k|rg, by .ssoss|rg .rJ |np.cv|rg t|o v.||J|ty c|
v|s|crs, scor..|cs .rJ st..tog|os
88
|o stc..go to.n(s) c| t|o ..to. b.|.rco |s cn|ttoJ,
|c||t|c.| c. ct|o. p.ossJ.os .osJ|t |r Jr.o||.b|o ost|n.tos t|.t |.vo boor n.r|pJ|.toJ
oc|r|,Jos |c. c...y|rg cJt ..to. b.|.rco ost|n.t|cr ..rgo |.cn vo.y s|np|o b.ck c| t|o
orvo|cpo ost|n.tos tc ||g||y ccnp|ox ccnpJto.b.soJ ncJo|s A scJrJ krc.|oJgo c|
|yJ.c|cg|c.| p.ccossos |s . p.o.o,J|s|to c| ..to. b.|.rco ost|n.t|cr A ||g| |ovo| c| rJno..cy
.rJ gccJ krc.|oJgo c| t|o ..o. c| |rto.ost |s .|sc vo.y |o|p|J| |t |s c|tor .Jv|s.b|o |c. . p.coct
c. p.cg..nno tc onp|cy t|o so.v|cos c| . spoc|.||st tc p.cJJco ..to. b.|.rco ost|n.tos c.,
.t t|o vo.y |o.st, tc p.cv|Jo spoc|.||st .Jv|co .s .rJ .|or |t |s rooJoJ Accoss tc . ,J.||ty
ccrt.c||oJ |r|c.n.t|cr b.so |s . gccJ st..t|rg pc|rt |c. ..to. b.|.rco ost|n.tos
Methods
Step 1: |o||ro t|o bcJrJ..|os c| t|o ..o. c| |rto.ost .rJ po.|cJ cvo. .||c| . ..to. b.|.rco |s
tc bo n.Jo
Step 2: |rJo.t.ko . rooJs .ssossnort c| t|o ..to. b.|.rco |r|c.n.t|cr t|.t |s .o,J|.oJ ||s
s|cJ|J bo JsoJ .s . st..t|rg pc|rt |c. ||st|rg .rJ Jo||r|rg t|o ..to. b.|.rco ccnpcrorts t|.t
..o c| p..t|cJ|.. |rto.ost
Step 3: |.cJJco . s|np|o sc|on.t|c J|.g..n t|.t s|c.s stc..go, .rJ |r||c.s .rJ cJt||c.s |.cn
t|o ..o. c| |rto.ost |so t|o J|.g..n .s . b.s|s |c. J..|t|rg . ..to. b.|.rco o,J.t|cr |ock t|.t
rc ccnpcrorts ..o n|ss|rg .rJ t|.t t|o.o |s rc JcJb|o ccJrt|rg c| ||c.s c. stc..go
Step 4: |Jort||y . scJ.co(s) c| ,J.||tyccrt.c||oJ |r|c.n.t|cr |rsJ.o t|.t t|o |r|c.n.t|cr |s
.o|ov.rt tc t|o ..o. .rJ t|no po.|cJ ycJ ..o |rto.ostoJ |r
Step 5: ...y cJt Jrco.t.|rty .rJ sors|t|v|ty .r.|ys|s cr t||s |r|c.n.t|cr || t|o.o ..o |r.Jo,J.c|os
|r t|o |r|c.n.t|cr (.|ncst .|..ys t|o c.so), .oJo||ro t|o bcJrJ..|os c| t|o ..to. b.|.rco .rJ/c.
ncJ||y t|o ..to. b.|.rco o,J.t|cr
Step 6: |.cJJco ..to. b.|.rco ost|n.tos |r . |c.n.t t|.t |s Jso|J| |c. v|s|cr|rg, scor..|c bJ||J|rg
.rJ st..tog|s|rg (og . t|no so.|os)
Step 7: J.||ty ccrt.c| t|oso ost|n.tos bo|c.o t|oy ..o J|sson|r.toJ, Js|rg ,J.||ty ccrt.c|
not|cJs Josc.|boJ |r t||s c|.pto.
Step 8: ||sson|r.to ||rJ|rgs tc st.ko|c|Jo.s |r . |c.n t|.t t|oy c.r JrJo.st.rJ
89
7ips and tricks
bo ....o t|.t pJb||s|oJ ..to. b.|.rco ost|n.tos ..o c|tor |rcc..oct |c. t|o n.ry .o.scrs
||stoJ .bcvo
cc c|tor, n|r|n.| c. rc .cccJrt |s t.kor c| Jrco.t.|rty .|or ost|n.tos ..o n.Jo .rJ
p.osortoJ J.||ty .ssJ..rco .rJ ccrt.c| c| t|o ost|n.tos s|cJ|J .|..ys bo bJ||t |r tc .
..to. b.|.rco ost|n.t|cr p.ccoJJ.o
\|or J.t. ..o Jrco.t.|r, |t |s c|tor pcss|b|o tc cn|t ccnpcrorts t|.t Jc rct .||oct c|.rgos
|c. ox.np|o, |t |s pcss|b|o tc cn|t stc..go |.cn .r .rrJ.| ..to. b.|.rco || yo..cryo..
c|.rgos |r stc..go (sJc| .s . .oso.vc|.) ..o rog||g|b|o
Who is invoIved1
A|ncst ovo.ycro |s |r||JorcoJ by ..to. b.|.rco ost|n.tos boc.Jso t|oy ..o c|tor cort..| o|onorts
c| ....oross ..|s|rg c.np.|grs St.ko|c|Jo.s J|.oct|y |rvc|voJ |r Joc|s|cr n.k|rg n.y .o,J|.o
nc.o Jot.||oJ |r|c.n.t|cr C|vor t|.t ..to. b.|.rco .r.|ys|s s|cJ|J bo b.soJ cr . rooJs .ssoss
nort, ovo.ycro |s |rvc|voJ |r Joto.n|r|rg t|o cJtpJts t|.t ..o rooJoJ |o p.ccoss c| p.cJJc|rg
..to. ost|n.tos |s bost JrJo.t.kor by oxpo.|orcoJ spoc|.||sts c. by st.|| .|c |.vo JrJo.gcro
t..|r|rg .rJ |.vo .ccoss tc spoc|.||st sJppc.t
90
Jir ri rlyi
Scno |.ctc.s t|.t |r||Jorco |JtJ.o ..to. sJpp|y .rJ Jon.rJ ..o nc.o p.oJ|ct.b|o (og
pcpJ|.t|cr |rc.o.so) t|.r ct|o.s (og c||n.to c|.rgo) |no so.|os .r.|ys|s c.r bo JsoJ tc
p.oJ|ct ..tos c| c|.rgo c. t|o p.cb.b|||ty c| |JtJ.o ovorts b.soJ cr .r .r.|ys|s c| p.st t.orJs
.rJ ovorts |no so.|os .r.|ys|s |s .r |npc.t.rt tcc| t|.t c.r bo JsoJ tc sJppc.t .rJ |np.cvo
scor..|c bJ||J|rg, st..togy Jovo|cpnort .rJ p|.rr|rg
|r st.t|st|cs, . t|no so.|os |s . so,Jorco c| J.t. pc|rts no.sJ.oJ .t sJccoss|vo t|nos |no so.|os
.r.|ys|s .ttonpts tc JrJo.st.rJ t||s J.t. .rJ tc n.ko |c.oc.sts c. p.oJ|ct|crs \..|cJs not|cJs
..o JsoJ Scno ..o vo.y s|np|o .o,J|.|rg ||n|toJ spoc|.||st krc.|oJgo ct|o.s .o,J|.o . scJrJ
JrJo.st.rJ|rg c| st.t|st|cs .rJ ncJo|||rg toc|r|,Jos
OJts|Jo . .|gc.cJs sc|ort|||c |..no.c.k, p.oJ|ct|crs b.soJ cr ||stc.|c |r|c.n.t|cr ..o c|tor
syrcryncJs .|t| |r|c.noJ gJoss.c.k |.oJ|ct|crs c| t||s k|rJ n.y bo v.||J .rJ Jso|J| || t|o
p.oJ|ctc. |s krc.|oJgo.b|o .rJ |s Js|rg scJrJ .o.scr|rg .rJ ,J.||tyccrt.c||oJ |r|c.n.t|cr
|..go cc.pc..t|crs |rvost |o.v||y tc |ccJs .ttort|cr cr pcss|b|o ovorts, .|sks .rJ bJs|ross
cppc.tJr|t|os ||s .pp.c.c| Jsos .|| .v.||.b|o t|no so.|os |r|c.n.t|cr .s . b.s|s |c. Jovo|cp|rg
.o.scr.b|o oxpoct.t|crs .bcJt t|o |JtJ.o
|oscJ.cos .o,J|.oJ |c. t|no so.|os .r.|ys|s |rc|JJo
Accoss tc .pp.cp.|.to ,J.||tyccrt.c||oJ |r|c.n.t|cr,
Accoss tc pocp|o .|t| . gccJ krc.|oJgo c| t|o |r|c.n.t|cr JsoJ .s . b.s|s |c. p.oJ|ct|crs
c. |c.oc.sts |oy |r|c.n.rts c.r bo spoc|.||sts c. rcrspoc|.||sts .|c |.vo |crg oxpo.|orco
c| ||v|rg .rJ .c.k|rg |r t|o ..o.,
Spoc|.||sts .rJ/c. |.c|||t.tc.s .|c |.vo . scJrJ krc.|oJgo .rJ oxpo.|orco c| Js|rg t|no
so.|os .r.|ys|s
Methods
|Jno.|c.| t|no so.|os not|cJs Jso ||stc.|c.| J.t. .s t|o b.s|s |c. ost|n.t|rg |JtJ.o cJtccnos
|oy |rc|JJo
Vcv|rg .vo..go .r.|ys|s Vcv|rg .vo..gos ..o JsoJ tc sncct| cJt s|c.tto.n ||JctJ.t|crs,
t|Js ||g|||g|t|rg |crgo.to.n t.orJs c. cyc|os
|xt..pc|.t|cr |xt..pc|.t|cr c.r bo c...|oJ cJt by n.k|rg . bost||t ||ro t|.cJg| . J.t. sot
.rJ oxtorJ|rg |t |rtc t|o |JtJ.o |r t|o c.so c| s|np|o rcr||ro.. .o|.t|crs||ps, oxt..pc|.t|cr
c.r bo c...|oJ cJt by J...|rg |r . cJ.vo by oyo
VcJo|||rg AssJn|rg t|o JrJo.|y|rg p.ccoss |s .o.scr.b|y .o|| JrJo.stccJ, cro n.y
ccrst.Jct . n.t|on.t|c.| ncJo| c| t||s p.ccoss, Js|rg sp.o.Js|oots c. ccnno.c|.||y
Ob|ectives
c |c.oc.st c. p.oJ|ct t|o p.cb.b|||ty c| |JtJ.o c|.rgos c. ovorts, Js|rg krc.|oJgo c| ||stc.|c
t.orJs .rJ ovorts
9l
.v.||.b|o ncJo|||rg sc|t...o SJc| ncJo|s c.r bo JsoJ |c. .o|.t|vo|y scp||st|c.toJ t.orJ
ost|n.t|cr
'JJgnort.| |c.oc.st|rg not|cJs ..o, .s t|o r.no sJggosts, b.soJ cr JJgonort ..t|o. t|.r
rJnbo.s SJc| not|cJs |rc|JJo
Scor..|c bJ||J|rg .s Josc.|boJ o..||o. |r t||s c|.pto.
|o|p|| toc|r|,Jo . not|cJ |c. cbt.|r|rg |c.oc.sts |.cn . p.ro| c| |rJoporJort oxpo.ts
|xpo.ts ..o .skoJ tc n.ko p.oJ|ct|crs c| p..t|cJ|.. |JtJ.o cJtccnos Ar .Jn|r|st..tc.
p.cv|Jos .r .rcryncJs sJnn..y c| t|o oxpo.ts |c.oc.sts .rJ t|o|. .o.scrs |c. t|on
|o oxpo.ts t|or .JJst t|o|. |c.oc.sts \|or t|o|. |c.oc.sts |.vo c|.rgoJ ||tt|o bot.oor
.cJrJs, t|o p.ccoss |s stcppoJ .rJ t|o ||r.| .cJrJ |c.oc.sts ..o ccnb|roJ by .vo..g|rg
|o toc|r|,Jo c.r bo .J.ptoJ |c. Jso |r |.cotc|.co noot|rgs, .rJ |s t|or c.||oJ n|r|
|o|p|| c. |st|n.to.|k|st|n.to (||)
7ips and tricks
Sp.o.Js|oot sc|t...o c. ccnno.c|.||y .v.||.b|o st.t|st|c.| sc|t...o c.r bo JsoJ |c. ||tt|rg
||ros tc J.t. sots
|o|p|| |s b.soJ cr .o||.oso..c|oJ p.|rc|p|os .rJ p.cv|Jos |c.oc.sts t|.t ..o nc.o .ccJ..to
t|.r t|cso |.cn Jrst.JctJ.oJ g.cJps
OJtpJts |.cn t|no so.|os .r.|ys|s s|cJ|J bo J|sson|r.toJ .|Jo|y .s p..t c| t..gotoJ
....oross ..|s|rg c.np.|grs
C.o.t c..o nJst bo JsoJ .|or oxt..pc|.t|rg |.cn ox|st|rg J.t. ||s |s .|o.o ncst .r.|ys|s
gcos so.|cJs|y ..crg
Who is invoIved1
|no so.|os .r.|ys|s .||| JsJ.||y bo c...|oJ cJt by .o|ov.rt spoc|.||sts .|c |.vo . p..t|cJ|.. |rto.ost
|r p..t|cJ|.. |c.oc.sts c. p.oJ|ct|crs |c.ovo., JoporJ|rg cr t|o ccrtoxt .rJ t|o .v.||.b|||ty c|
t..|roJ |.c|||t.tc.s, rcrspoc|.||sts c.r .|sc boccno |rvc|voJ
92
|ccllir_
|r t|o ..to. n.r.gonort ccrtoxt, . ncJo| |s . n.t|on.t|c.| .op.osort.t|cr c| . Jyr.n|c
syston c. p.ccoss .||c| n.y bo b|cp|ys|c.|, scc|ot.| c. .s |r t|o c.so c| . ..to. sJpp|y syston
scno ccnb|r.t|cr c| t|o t.c A ncJo| ccnp.|sos . rJnbo. c| v..|.b|os .||c| ..o Jo||roJ tc
.op.osort t|o |rpJts, cJtpJts .rJ |rto.r.| st.tos c| t|o syston c. p.ccoss, .rJ . sot c| o,J.t|crs
.rJ |ro,J.||t|os Josc.|b|rg |rto..ct|crs bot.oor t|oso v..|.b|os
VcJo|s c.r bo |Jgo|y ccnp|ox c. t|oy c.r bo vo.y s|np|o cnp|ox ncJo|s ..o c|tor
c|...cto.|soJ by t|o |.ct t|.t t|oy t.ko . |crg t|no tc Jovo|cp, ..o b.soJ cr ccnp||c.toJ n.t|s,
.o,J|.o . |ct |r |rpJt J.t. .rJ c.r cr|y bo .Jr cr pc.o.|J| ccnpJto.s |r ccrt..st, . s|np|o
ncJo| c.r bo sot Jp ,J|ck|y by scnocro .|t| . b.s|c krc.|oJgo c| n.t|s Js|rg, |c. ox.np|o,
sp.o.Js|oot sc|t...o .rJ .o.J||y .v.||.b|o |r|c.n.t|cr
VcJo|s |.vo t.c n.c. |Jrct|crs ||.st|y, t|oy c.r bo JsoJ tc |rvost|g.to .o|.t|crs||ps bot.oor
v..|.b|os |r . syston .rJ, soccrJ|y, t|oy c.r bo JsoJ tc n.ko p.oJ|ct|crs ccrco.r|rg t|o |JtJ.o
bo|.v|cJ. c| t|.t syston c. |rJ|v|JJ.| v..|.b|os t|.t ..o p..t c| t|o syston || . ncJo| |s tc bo
JsoJ tc n.ko p.oJ|ct|crs t|or |t nJst p.cv|Jo . .op.osort.t|cr c| t|o p.ccoss c. syston .|t||r
.ccopt.b|o |ovo|s c| Jrco.t.|rty VcJo|s |rv..|.b|y s|np|||y systons c. p.ccossos .rJ |rov|t.b|y
p.cvo |r.Jo,J.to |r scno .ospocts Vc.ocvo., .|ncst .|| ncJo|s ..o b.soJ tc scno oxtort cr
onp|.|c.| .o|.t|crs||ps .rJ t|o|. .ccJ..cy |s JoporJort cr t|o ,J.||ty c| |r|c.n.t|cr t|.t ..s
JsoJ tc Jo.|vo t|o .o|.t|crs||ps A g.o.t Jo.| c| c..o .rJ .ttort|cr |s rooJoJ |r sott|rg Jp,
Js|rg .rJ c.||b..t|rg ncJo|s \|or JsoJ cc..oct|y .rJ JJ|c|cJs|y, ncJo|s p.cv|Jo boro||ts t|.t
.cJ|J ct|o..|so bo Jrcbt.|r.b|o
Ar o||oct|vo ncJo| noots t|o pJ.pcso |c. .||c| |.s boor Jos|groJ .rJ |s Jovo|cpoJ .|t||r .r
.g.ooJ t|nosc.|o .rJ ccst V.ry o||oct|vo ncJo|s c.r .|sc bo .J.ptoJ tc t.ko .cccJrt c| ro.
|r|c.n.t|cr c. tc noot Jr.rt|c|p.toJ .o,J|.onorts
|||oct|vo ncJo|||rg |s cr|y pcss|b|o || t|cso Jc|rg t|o ncJo|||rg |.vo .ccoss tc . ,J.||ty
ccrt.c||oJ |r|c.n.t|cr b.so |rJ|v|JJ.|s c. g.cJps .|t| .ospcrs|b|||ty |c. ncJo|||rg .o,J|.o gccJ
ccnpJt|rg .rJ n.t|on.t|c.| sk|||s |o |ovo| c| sk|||s .o,J|.oJ JoporJs cr |.ctc.s t|.t |rc|JJo
\|ot|o. ncJo|||rg |rc|JJos t|o Jovo|cpnort c| ro. ncJo|s c. .J.pt.t|cr c| ox|st|rg
ncJo|s, .rJ
|o ccnp|ox|ty c| t|o ncJo| .rJ .|ot|o. c. rct |t |s bo|rg Jovo|cpoJ Js|rg ccnno.c|.||y
.v.||.b|o ncJo|||rg p.ck.gos
|t |s c.Jc|.| t|.t t|cso Jovo|cp|rg .rJ Js|rg ncJo|s |.vo .r oxco||ort JrJo.st.rJ|rg c| t|o
syston c. p.ccoss t|.t t|oy ..o ncJo|||rg
Ob|ectives
c c.o.to . botto. JrJo.st.rJ|rg c| t|o c.Jsos .rJ o||octs c| ..to..o|.toJ p.cb|ons .s .r .|J
tc |Jort||y|rg v|.b|o sc|Jt|crs
c sJppc.t v|s|cr|rg p.ccossos by n.k|rg .o|||r|c.noJ p.oJ|ct|crs c| t.orJs t|.t .o|.to tc
..to. sJpp|y .rJ Jon.rJ
93
Methods
Step 1: |ooJs .ssossnort |o st..t|rg pc|rt |s . rooJs .ssossnort c| t|o pJ.pcso .rJ/c.
spoc|||c rooJs |c. cJtpJts, .rJ . .ov|o. c| ox|st|rg ncJo|||rg .rJ/c. J.t. .r.|ys|s p.ccoJJ.os
Step 2: VcJo| spoc|||c.t|cr |s|rg t|o rooJs .ssossnort .s . st..t|rg pc|rt, . ncJo| spoc|||c.t|cr
s|cJ|J bo J...r Jp spoc||y|rg . Josc.|pt|cr c| t|o p.ccoss c. syston tc bo ncJo||oJ, t|o sp.t|.|
sc.|o .rJ t|no |rto.v.|s .t .||c| t|o ncJo| |s tc |Jrct|cr, t|o n.|r |rpJt .rJ cJtpJt v..|.b|os
.rJ .o|.t|crs||ps, t|o typo c| ncJo| .rJ .o,J|.oJ |ovo|s c| .ccJ..cy c. p.oc|s|cr c| cJtpJts
Step 3: |rc.|oJgo .ssossnort |t |s sors|b|o tc .ssoss t|o cJ..ort st.to c| krc.|oJgo .rJ
JrJo.st.rJ|rg c| t|o syston c. p.ccoss |r ncst c.sos, |t |s pcss|b|o tc n.ko Jso c| c. |o..r |.cn
p.ov|cJs .ttonpts tc ncJo| t|o syston c. p.ccoss
Step 4: Av.||.b|||ty c| |r|c.n.t|cr Assoss .|ot|o. t|o |r|c.n.t|cr |Jort|||oJ |r Stops 13 |s
.o.J||y .v.||.b|o c. c.r bo cc||octoJ .|t||r .r .ccopt.b|o t|nosc.|o .rJ ccst
Step 5: |ovo|cp, tost .rJ v.||J.to . p.ctctypo ncJo| As t|o.o |s . ||g| .|sk t|.t ncJo|||rg
.||| t.ko |crgo. t|.r .rt|c|p.toJ c. |.|| tc p.cJJco Jso|J| cJtpJts, |t |s sors|b|o tc p.cJJco .
p.ctctypo ncJo| ,J|ck|y |o p.ctctypo |s v.||J.toJ by ccnp..|rg ncJo| p.oJ|ct|crs (c.
s|nJ|.t|crs) tc |r|c.n.t|cr |rJoporJort|y cbt.|roJ c bo .ccopt.b|o t|o ncJo| nJst .c||ovo
Jos|.oJ |ovo|s c| .ccJ..cy c. p.oc|s|cr
Step 6: crvo.t t|o p.ctctypo |rtc t|o ||r.| ncJo| Orco t|o p.ctctypo |s .c.k|rg .ccopt.b|y
.o||, |t s|cJ|J bo Jpg..JoJ tc noot .|| t|o spoc|||c.t|crs |t n.y bo rocoss..y tc .ov.||J.to t|o
ncJo| |so.s n.y rooJ t..|r|rg |r |c. tc Jso t|o ncJo|
Step 7: |.oJ|ct|crs .rJ s|nJ|.t|crs |so t|o ncJo| tc p.cJJco p.oJ|ct|crs .rJ s|nJ|.t|crs
.o,J|.oJ tc sJppc.t v|s|cr|rg, scor..|c bJ||J|rg c. st..tog|s|rg
7ips and tricks
|o koy tc o||oct|vo ncJo| bJ||J|rg .rJ Jso c| ncJo|s |s tc orsJ.o t|.t t|o ncJo|||rg ||ts .
c|o..|y Jo||roJ pJ.pcso .rJ p.cJJcos cJtpJts t|.t sJppc.t spoc|||c rooJs sJc| .s ccr|||ct
.osc|Jt|cr
|| ncJo|s ..o bo|rg Jovo|cpoJ by pocp|o .|c ..o rct gc|rg tc bo t|o |crgto.n Jso.s, t|o
Jovo|cpo.s nJst .c.k vo.y c|cso|y .|t| t|o Jso.s
|t |s c|tor rocoss..y tc .opo.t stops 14 sovo..| t|nos bo|c.o . v|.b|o .rJ ccsto||oct|vo
spoc|||c.t|cr |s p.cJJcoJ
A p.ctctypo |s . |Jrct|cr|rg ncJo| t|.t Jcos rct yot noot .|| spoc|||oJ .o,J|.onorts c.
.c||ovo Jos|.oJ |ovo|s c| Jso. |.|orJ||ross
|t |s .occnnorJoJ t|.t Jso.s n.|rt.|r . |o.|t|y scopt|c|sn .bcJt ncJo| cJtpJts VcJo|||rg
|s Jso|J| tc sJppc.t Joc|s|crs bJt s|cJ|J rct bo JsoJ .s . no.rs c| .o.c||rg Joc|s|crs
Who is invoIved1
A|ncst ovo.ycro .||| bo |rvc|voJ |r |Jort||y|rg t|o |r|c.n.t|cr .o,J|.oJ |.cn ncJo|||rg .rJ |r
Js|rg t|o cJtpJts |.cn ncJo|||rg |c.ovo., |r ncst c.sos, .ospcrs|b|||ty |c. t|o .ctJ.| ncJo|||rg
.||| bo Jo|og.toJ tc spoc|.||sts .|t| gccJ ccnpJt|rg .rJ rJno.|c.| sk|||s .rJ ncJo|||rg
oxpo.|orco
94
|rfcrrcicr rr_rrc
|r|c.n.t|cr n.r.gonort |o|ps tc orsJ.o t|.t Joc|s|cr n.k|rg |s |og|t|n.to, t..rsp..ort,
o||oct|vo .rJ o|||c|ort |t |s .bcJt |.rJ||rg |r|c.n.t|cr |.cn J|||o.ort scJ.cos |r . ..y t|.t
cpt|n|sos .ccoss by .|| .|c |.vo . s|..o |r c. . .|g|t tc .ccoss t|.t |r|c.n.t|cr |t |s .bcJt
krc.|rg .|.t |r|c.n.t|cr tc g.t|o., krc.|rg .|.t tc Jc .|t| |r|c.n.t|cr .|or ycJ got
|t, krc.|rg .|.t |r|c.n.t|cr tc p.ss cr, .rJ krc.|rg |c. tc v.|Jo t|o .osJ|t.rt Jso c| t|o
|r|c.n.t|cr
||stc.|c.||y, |r|c.n.t|cr n.r.gonort ..s |..go|y ||n|toJ tc t|o n.r.gonort c| ||b...|os .rJ
JccJnorts (bccks, |||os, n.ps otc) .rJ .ot.|ov.| c| |r|c.n.t|cr ..s b.soJ p.oJcn|r.rt|y cr
||||rg c. c.t.|cgJ|rg systons A|t|cJg| sJc| systons ccrt|rJo tc bo JsoJ, ccnpJto.s, ct|o.
o|oct.cr|c Jov|cos .rJ t|o |rto.rot |.vo .ovc|Jt|cr|soJ .ccoss ||s toc|rc|cgy or.b|os |..go
.ncJrts c| |r|c.n.t|cr tc bo stc.oJ .rJ s|..oJ o||oct|vo|y, o|||c|ort|y .rJ ..p|J|y |o koy
c|.||orgo |c. t|o ..to. soctc. |s tc orsJ.o t|.t t|oso ovo. nc.o pc.o.|J| .rJ scp||st|c.toJ
systons ..o Jos|groJ .rJ n.r.goJ |c. t|o J|t|n.to boro||t c| .|| st.ko|c|Jo.s, ospoc|.||y t|o
n..g|r.||soJ V||||crs c| pocp|o |.ck .ccoss tc ccnpJto. .rJ t|o |rto.rot .rJ .s .|t| ncst
toc|rc|cg|os, t|o.o |s . ||g| .|sk t|.t t|o boro||ts .||| bo c.ptJ.oJ by pc.o.|J| .rJ Jcn|r.rt
o||tos |||oct|vo |r|c.n.t|cr n.r.gonort |rvc|vos t|o ost.b||s|nort .rJ n.r.gonort c| .r
|r|c.n.t|cr b.so, .|ot|o. | b.soJ c. .s . p.po.b.soJ ||||rg syston
|o c|.||orgo c| ..to. n.r.gonort cvo. |..go ..o.s |.s .osJ|toJ |r .r |rc.o.s|rg Jso c|
gocg..p||c.| |r|c.n.t|cr systons (C|S) .||c| b.|rg orc.ncJs boro||ts |r to.ns c| .ccJ..cy
.rJ ccnp.o|ors|voross, ovor t|cJg| t|oy .|sc |rt.cJJco ro. |Jn.r .rJ ||r.rc|.| .oscJ.co
c|.||orgos
|o n.ry |npoJ|norts tc o||oct|vo |r|c.n.t|cr n.r.gonort |rc|JJo pc||t|c.| |rto.|o.orco,
|ro||oct|vo ,J.||ty ccrt.c| c| |r|c.n.t|cr, |rsJ|||c|ort |JrJ|rg |c. c.p|t.| .rJ/c. .ocJ..ort ccsts
.rJ |rsJ|||c|ort .ttort|cr tc t|o rooJ |c. ccrt|rJcJs JpJ.t|rg c| |r|c.n.t|cr cst .occvo.y
noc|.r|sns c.r cvo.ccno p.cb|ons c| ||r.rc|.| sJst.|r.b|||ty, bJt n.y g|vo .r Jr|.|. .Jv.rt.go
tc .|c|o. Jso.s, .|c .||| bo .b|o tc Jcn|r.to Joc|s|cr n.k|rg .s p..t c| . p.ccoss c| st.ko|c|Jo.
J|.|cgJo
Ob|ectives
c orsJ.o t|.t
CccJ ,J.||ty |r|c.n.t|cr |s .v.||.b|o tc .|| st.ko|c|Jo.s .s .rJ .|or |t |s rooJoJ
|r|c.n.t|cr |s n.Jo .v.||.b|o |r . |c.n.t t|.t c.r bo JsoJ tc JrJo.p|r Joc|s|cr n.k|rg
A|| st.ko|c|Jo.s |.vo ccr||Jorco |r t|o ccrtorts c| .r |r|c.n.t|cr b.so
St.ko|c|Jo.s |.vo .ccoss tc .rJ Jso t|o s.no |r|c.n.t|cr JJ.|rg st.ko|c|Jo. J|.|cgJo
c .oJJco .|sks c| |r|c.n.t|cr n|sn.r.gonort by pc.o.|J| o||tos
95
|.ctc.s |r p|.co |c. o||oct|vo |r|c.n.t|cr n.r.gonort, s|cJ|J |rc|JJo
cc|s |c. cc||oct|rg .rJ/c. JpJ.t|rg |r|c.n.t|cr .rJ t|o .oscJ.cos |c. Js|rg t|oso tcc|s |r
.JJ|t|cr tc |Jn.r .oscJ.cos, t||s n.y |rc|JJo vo||c|os, |s .rJ o,J|pnort |c. c.ptJ.|rg
gccJ ,J.||ty |r|c.n.t|cr (og ..|r g.Jgo rot.c.ks, s.to|||tos, .|vo. ||c. g.Jgos)
|Jn.r .oscJ.cos |c. cc||oct|rg |r|c.n.t|cr .rJ n.r.g|rg |r|c.n.t|cr b.sos |Jo.||y,
|r|c.n.t|cr b.sos .||| bo Jos|groJ sc t|.t c.p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort |r b.s|c ccnpJt|rg sk|||s
.||| bo sJ|||c|ort
Sc|t...o |c. n.r.g|rg |b.soJ |r|c.n.t|cr b.sos Sc|t...o s|cJ|J bo norJ J.|vor,
ccnno.c|.||y .v.||.b|o, .rJ .b|o tc |.rJ|o . .|Jo ..rgo c| |r|c.n.t|cr |c.n.ts, |rc|JJ|rg
rJno.|c.| J.t., g..p||c.| J.t., toxt, |.rJJ...r ||A J|.g..ns .rJ p|ctcg..p|s
Methods
Step 1: |rJo.t.ko . rooJs .ssossnort |ooJs .||| v..y bot.oor J|||o.ort st.ko|c|Jo.s .rJ
po.co|voJ rooJs .||| JsJ.||y bo vo.y J|||o.ort tc .ctJ.| rooJs
Step 2: |v.|J.to .rJ sook tc JrJo.st.rJ ox|st|rg |c.n.|, |r|c.n.| .rJ t..J|t|cr.| |r|c.n.t|cr
n.r.gonort systons |xporsos .rJ .os|st.rco c.r bo n|r|n|soJ by bJ||J|rg cr ox|st|rg
.pp.c.c|os c. by Js|rg sc|t...o t|.t |s .|.o.Jy |.n|||.. tc Jso.s
Step 3: |os|gr .rJ ov.|J.to J|||o.ort .pp.c.c|os |c. n.k|rg |r|c.n.t|cr .v.||.b|o tc Jso.s |r
p.|rtoJ |c.n.ts c. o|oct.cr|c.||y (og cpor .ccoss, .ccoss by p.ss.c.J) |rsJ.o p|orty c| sccpo
|c. .J.pt.t|cr .rJ .o||ronort
Step 4: |||ct t|o .pp.c.c| .rJ sc.|o Jp || .pp.cp.|.to
7ips and tricks
Ar |r|c.n.t|cr b.so c.r bo sot Jp tc bo s|..oJ sc t|.t n.ry st.ko|c|Jo.s c. Jso.s |.vo
cpor.ccoss
|o |r|c.n.t|cr b.so .rJ |ts n.r.gonort c.r bo cort..||soJ c. bo J|st.|bJtoJ .ncrgst
||rkoJ |s
|o |r|c.n.t|cr b.so c.r bo b|b||cg..p||c, rJno.|c.|, gocg..p||c.| c. scno ccnb|r.t|cr
c| .|| c| t|oso
|rJJso. |rvc|vonort |s rooJoJ JJ.|rg t|o Jovo|cpnort c| |r|c.n.t|cr systons sc t|.t
t|oy ..o |ccJsoJ cr o.so c| Jso .rJ rct toc|r|c.| .|...J.y
|o.o |s c|tor . t..Joc|| bot.oor c.p|t.| ccst .rJ sJst.|r.b|||ty .rJ/c. o.so c| Jso A
c|o.p | n.y bo |oss .o||.b|o .rJ c|o.p sc|t...o n.y bo |oss o.sy tc Jso |c.ovo., t|o
.|so c| cpor .ccoss sc|t...o |.s n.Jo vo.y |c. ccst .rJ ovor |.oo sc|t...o c| ||g| ,J.||ty
.v.||.b|o tc .|| t|cso .|t| .r |rto.rot ccrroct|cr
Who is invoIved1
|r t||s p.ccoss ovo.ycro |.s tc Jo.| .|t| ro. |r|c.n.t|cr .rJ ovo.ycro s|cJ|J bo |rvc|voJ tc
scno oxtort |r n.r.g|rg |t |c.ovo., t|o n.r.gonort c| . ccnp|ox |r|c.n.t|cr b.so .o,J|.os
JoJ|c.toJ st.|| .|t| .Jo,J.to sk|||s .rJ oxpo.|orco |r t|o ||o|J c| |r|c.n.t|cs
96
Ccc-Lrfic rlyi
bo|rg .b|o tc |Jort||y c|o..|y .rJ cboct|vo|y t|o ccsts c| JrJo.t.k|rg .r .ct|v|ty .rJ t|o boro||ts
oxpoctoJ |.cn |t |s . c.Jc|.| p..t c| gccJ Joc|s|cr n.k|rg ||s .on.|rs t.Jo, ovor .|or ||r.rc|.|
c.|to.|. ..o rct p...ncJrt (||, |c. ox.np|o, .o.c||rg t|o pcc. |s soor .s nc.o |npc.t.rt)
At |ts s|np|ost, t|o p.ccoss c| ccstboro||t .r.|ys|s |rvc|vos ncrot..y c.|cJ|.t|cr c| |r|t|.| .rJ
crgc|rg oxporsos .g.|rst oxpoctoJ .otJ.rs c. boro||ts crst.Jct|rg p|.Js|b|o no.sJ.os c| ccsts
.rJ boro||ts |s c|tor vo.y J||||cJ|t, .rJ c.||s |c. spoc|.||st sJppc.t Vcrot..y v.|Jos n.y .|sc bo
.ss|groJ tc |oss t.rg|b|o o||octs sJc| .s |rc.o.soJ scc|.| c.p|t.| c| t|o pcc.ost, c. orv|.crnort.|
p.ctoct|cr |o .ccJ..cy c| t|o cJtccno |s JoporJort cr |c. .ccJ..to|y ccsts .rJ boro||ts c.r
bo ost|n.toJ |t |s . c|.||orgo tc Joc|Jo .||c| ccsts s|cJ|J bo |rc|JJoJ, ospoc|.||y .s J|||o.ort
|rto.ost g.cJps n.y ..rt tc |rc|JJo c. oxc|JJo J|||o.ort ccsts c. .ct|v|t|os
|r t|o |o.|t| soctc., t|o ccrcopt c| J.||ty AJJstoJ |||o +o..s (A|+s) |s JsoJ tc .ssoss t|o
ccstboro||ts c| co.t.|r t.o.tnorts c. J.Jgs |c.ovo., |t |s vo.y J||||cJ|t tc .o.c| .g.oonort cr
t|o v.|Jo c| .r oxt.. ncrt| c| |||o, .rJ s|n||.. p.cb|ons ..|so .|or t.y|rg tc pJt .r occrcn|c
v.|Jo (|c. ox.np|o) cr .oJJc|rg t|o bJ.Jor c| .c.k cr .cnor, c. |np.cv|rg s.r|t.t|cr, |yg|oro
.rJ |o.|t|
StJJ|os |rJ|c.to t|.t ccstboro||t .r.|ys|s |s ||g||y |r.ccJ..to .rJ s|cJ|J rct bo t|o cr|y tcc|
JsoJ |c. Joc|s|cr n.k|rg \|or p.cocts ..o nct|v.toJ by o,J|ty ccrco.rs, c. t|o p.cv|s|cr c|
b.s|c |r|..st.JctJ.o |c. vJ|ro..b|o g.cJps, ccstboro||t .r.|ys|s |s rct .|..ys Jso|J| |ovo.t|o|oss,
t|o .pp.c.c| c.r |ccJs .t |o.st p..t c| . Job.to cr t..Joc||s, .|to.r.t|vos, .rJ cppc.tJr|ty
ccsts
|c. ..to. sJpp|y .rJ s.r|t.t|cr |rto.vort|crs, ccstboro||t .r.|ys|s |s JsoJ n.|r|y |c. p.coct
.ssossnort Vo.sJ.|rg t|o ncrot..y (c. ct|o.) boro||ts .||c| .osJ|t |.cn o.c| Jc||.. |rvostoJ
|s .|sc Jso|J| |c. .Jvcc.cy pJ.pcsos |c.ovo., t||s .pp.c.c| |.s rct boor .|Jo|y JsoJ |c.
,J.rt||y|rg |np.cts, .osJ|t|rg |r . |.ck c| .o||.b|o J.t. |c. p|.rr|rg |r t|o soctc.
Ob|ectives
Oboct|vo|y .rJ t..rsp..ort|y, tc |Jort||y .rJ ,J.rt||y t|o ccsts c| . g|vor |rto.vort|cr, tcgot|o.
.|t| t|o ||ko|y boro||ts
c Jso t||s JrJo.st.rJ|rg .s .r .|J tc Joc|s|cr n.k|rg
97
|o ncst |npc.t.rt .oscJ.co |s . sk|||oJ oxpo.t, ospoc|.||y || ccstboro||t .pp.c.c|os |rc|JJo
t|o rcr||r.rc|.| ccsts c. boro||ts A gccJ krc.|oJgo c| t|o ||ko|y ccsts c| |cc.| .oscJ.cos .rJ
|rpJts |s ossort|.| tc ccnp|oto t|o p.ccoss .|t| .ccJ..cy
Methods
A |J|| ccstboro||t .r.|ys|s |s vo.y ccnp|ox .rJ |s rct Josc.|boJ |r Jot.|| |o.o |r ossorco, .|| t|o
ccsts c| . g|vor .ct|v|ty rooJ tc bo g.t|o.oJ .rJ oxp.ossoJ .s . ncrot..y v.|Jo (ncrot|soJ)
.rJ ccnp..oJ tc .|| t|o boro||ts (.||c| ..o .|sc ncrot|soJ) |o ccnp|ox|ty ccnos |r g|v|rg
cJ..ort ncrot..y v.|Jos tc |crgto.n ccsts .rJ boro||ts sJc| .s n.|rtor.rco ccsts c. |JtJ.o
|rccno |.cn t..|||s, .rJ tc rcr||r.rc|.| ccsts .rJ boro||ts, sJc| .s t|o cppc.tJr|ty ccst c| cro
..to. Jso vo.sJs .rct|o., c. t|o |np.cvoJ scc|.| |..ncry t|.t |np.cvoJ .ccoss tc ..to. c.r
b.|rg ||s rooJs t|o sk|||s c| .r occrcn|st, .rJ ovor t|or .osJ|ts c.r bo cpor tc ..gJnort
cstboro||t .r.|ys|s s|cJ|J t|o.o|c.o bo t.o.toJ .|t| c.Jt|cr .s cro |npc.t.rt .rJ Jso|J|
|rpJt |rtc Joc|s|crn.k|rg p.ccossos
7ips and tricks
|o p.ccoss .rJ cJtpJts |.cn ccstboro||t .r.|ys|s s|cJ|J bo .g.ooJ by st.ko|c|Jo.s,
.rJ c|cso|y sJpo.v|soJ cstboro||t .r.|ys|s |.s scnot|nos boor n|sJsoJ (.rJ t|o.o|c.o
J|sc.oJ|toJ) |t |s o.sy tc n.r|pJ|.to t|o .r.|ys|s tc Jst||y sJppc.t |c. (c. cppcs|t|cr tc) .
p..t|cJ|.. p.coct c. ccJ.so c| .ct|cr
|vor .|or t|o p.ccoss |s JrJo.t.kor by . sk|||oJ occrcn|st, st.ko|c|Jo.s rooJ tc bo ....o
c| t|o JrJo.|y|rg .ssJnpt|crs, s|rco J|||o.ort st.ko|c|Jo.s g|vo J|||o.ort v.|Jos tc t|o s.no
boro||ts
More information
cstboro||t .r.|ys|s |s . b.c.J sJboct, .rJ t|o.o ..o n.ry .oscJ.cos .v.||.b|o cr t|o |rto.rot
|so|J| st..t|rg pc|rts |rc|JJo |ttp//or.|k|poJ|.c.g/.|k|/cstboro||t_.r.|ys|s, .rJ t|o
V|rJtcc|s bJs|ross st..togy s|to (n|rJtcc|sccn) |.s .r ..t|c|o .|t| .r ox.np|o .t
|ttp//...n|rJtcc|sccn/p.gos/..t|c|o/ro.||_08|tn
Who is invoIved1
A|| bJt t|o ncst s|np|o ccstboro||t .r.|ys|s s|cJ|J bo c...|oJ cJt by . spoc|.||soJ occrcn|st
St.ko|c|Jo.s s|cJ|J |.vo .r |rpJt |r Joc|J|rg .|.t v.|Jos ..o g|vor tc J|||o.ort boro||ts A||
st.ko|c|Jo.s c.r boro||t |.cn t|o |rc.o.soJ cboct|v|ty .rJ t..rsp..orcy b.cJg|t tc ccnp|ox
Joc|s|crn.k|rg p.ccossos by . gccJ p.ccoss c| ccstboro||t .r.|ys|s
98
Jccl fcr vcrlir_ vicl cllclcr
|o tcc|s |r t||s g.cJp ..o .|| .o|.toJ tc .c.k|rg .|t| st.ko|c|Jo.s |oy ..o t|o.o|c.o .o|ov.rt .t
ovo.y st.go |r t|o |V|O\||S .pp.c.c|, s|rco .o.| st.ko|c|Jo. J|.|cgJo .rJ |rto..ct|cr |s .t t|o
|o..t c| t||s p.ccoss |oy orc.psJ|.to scno c| t|o koy sk|||s rooJoJ by |.c|||t.tc.s |o soct|cr
bog|rs .|t| . so.|os c| tcc|s .o|.toJ tc t|o |Jort|||c.t|cr c| st.ko|c|Jo.s .rJ t|o|. .c|os .rJ
.o|.t|crs||ps (st.ko|c|Jo. |Jort|||c.t|cr, .ctc. .rJ t.sk .r.|ys|s, |Jort||y|rg koy st.ko|c|Jo.s,
|rst|tJt|cr.| .r.|ys|s, v|sJ.| ncJo|s c| |o.Jo.s||p .rJ ccc.J|r.t|cr, .rJ |rvc|v|rg t|o pcc. .rJ
n..g|r.||soJ) |t .|sc |rc|JJos tcc|s |c. |.c|||t.t|rg t|o ost.b||s|nort c| st.ko|c|Jo. p|.t|c.ns
(c.p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort, ....oross ..|s|rg .rJ |.c|||t.t|cr)
99
Ecllclcr icrcificcicr
|||oct|vo st.ko|c|Jo. J|.|cgJo JoporJs cr |.v|rg .|| t|o .pp.cp.|.to st.ko|c|Jo.s |rvc|voJ |r
t|o st.ko|c|Jo. p|.t|c.n |o t|o pocp|o .rJ |rst|tJt|crs .|c rooJ tc boccno org.goJ ||
..to. gcvo.r.rco |s tc |np.cvo |t |s ossort|.| tc |Jort||y t|oso st.ko|c|Jo.s, .rJ tc J|sccvo.
t|o|. st.ko |r ..to. n.r.gonort |o orJ Jso.s c| ..to. .rJ scno c| t|o ncst s|gr|||c.rt
|rst|tJt|crs (sJc| .s t|o ..to. p.cv|Jo.s, |cc.| gcvo.rnort c. koy Jovc|voJ bcJ|os) c.r bo
t|cJg|t c| .s koy st.ko|c|Jo.s .|c nJst bo |rvc|voJ |r t|o p.ccoss || |t |s tc bo sJccoss|J|
|oy ..o rct nc.o |npc.t.rt t|.r ct|o. g.cJps c. |rJ|v|JJ.|s bJt .|t|cJt t|on t|o p.ccoss
.||| rct .c.k |oy nJst .on.|r |rvc|voJ, .|||o ct|o. st.ko|c|Jo.s rooJ tc boccno |rvc|voJ
scnot|nos |t |s |npc.t.rt tc |Jort||y |rst|tJt|cr.| st.ko|c|Jo.s (og . ..to. Jso.s .sscc|.t|cr
\|A) .rJ .|ot|o. t|oy |.vo t|o c.p.c|ty tc boccno |rvc|voJ |r st.ko|c|Jo. J|.|cgJo
boc.Jso c| ..to.s r.tJ.o .s bct| . scc|.| gccJ tc .||c| pocp|o |.vo . .|g|t .rJ .r occrcn|c
gccJ .||c| |.s . v.|Jo, st.ko|c|Jo. .r.|ys|s rooJs tc |cck .t t|.oo b.c.J g.cJp|rgs
V.|r scc|.| g.cJps (nor, .cnor, pcc.o., botto. c||) .|c n.y |.vo . .|g|t tc ..to.
V.|r ..to.Jso. g.cJps (|..no.s, Jcnost|c Jso.s, |rJJst.|.| Jso.s, otc)
V.|r |rst|tJt|cr.| st.ko|c|Jo.s |rc|JJ|rg p.|v.to soctc. ..to. p.cv|Jo.s, |cc.| |COs/bOs,
|cc.| gcvo.rnort .rJ pc||t|c|.rs
|o orv|.crnort |s scnot|nos ccrs|Jo.oJ .s . |cJ.t| st.ko|c|Jo. .|t| |ts c.r rooJs .rJ .c|os
||s tcc| Josc.|bos . s|np|o p..t|c|p.tc.y ..y c| |Jort||y|rg st.ko|c|Jo.s |t c.r bo c...|oJ cJt
.s p..t c| . .c.ks|cp c. .|t||r . |oss |c.n.| sott|rg |t |ccJsos cr |Jort||y|rg st.ko|c|Jo.s |r .
p..t|cJ|.. ..o. c| |rto.ost, .||c| ccJ|J bo . v|||.go, tc.r c. . .|Jo. ..o. c. .og|cr
|o p|ctJ.o c| st.ko|c|Jo.s .rJ t|o|. .c|os tc koop |r n|rJ |s rct . st.t|c sr.ps|ct, bJt . Jyr.n|c
.rJ c|.rg|rg |||nc||p, |r .||c| ro. st.ko|c|Jo.s ...|vo, c|J cros |o.vo .rJ .c|os c|.rgo |o
.r.|ys|s |tso|| s|cJ|J bo JpJ.toJ .t .ogJ|.. |rto.v.|s p..t|cJ|..|y || . c.p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort
p.cg..nno |s bo|rg c...|oJ cJt CccJ |.c|||t.t|cr |s .o,J|.oJ tc n|r|n|so t|o .|sks c| |rJ|v|JJ.|s
c. |rst|tJt|crs Jcn|r.t|rg t|o p.ccoss c| st.ko|c|Jo. .r.|ys|s .rJ n.r|pJ|.t|rg t|o cJtpJts
MateriaIs needed
|||p c|..t |c|Jo. c. p|rbc..J
|||p c|..t p.po.
|||p c|..t n..ko.s
Scctc| t.po (c. p|rs) |c. J|sp|.y|rg c|..ts
Ob|ectives
|Jort||y t|o n.|r scc|.| .rJ ..to.Jso. g.cJps .|t||r . v|||.go/tc.r
|oto.n|ro t|o|. .c|o/st.ko .rJ |Jrct|cr |r ..to. Jovo|cpnort .rJ n.r.gonort
l00
Methods
|o not|cJ sot cJt |o.o |s Jos|groJ |c. . |c.n.| st.ko|c|Jo. .r.|ys|s .c.ks|cp |c.ovo.,
st.ko|c|Jo. .r.|ys|s c| ccJ.so st..ts |.cn t|o ||.st ccrt.ct t|.t t|o |.c|||t.t|cr to.n |.s .|t|
..to. Jso.s .rJ ct|o. st.ko|c|Jo.s
MethodoIogy for workshop
Step 1: |.op..o cro c. nc.o |||p c|..ts .|t| t|o cc|Jnr |o.J|rgs .s s|c.r |r t|o st.ko|c|Jo.
.rJ .c|o n.t.|x |||Jst..toJ |r (||gJ.o 15)
Step 2: \|t||r t|o g.cJp, c...y cJt . b..|rstc.n|rg oxo.c|so tc |Jort||y .|| t|o J|||o.ort st.ko
|c|Jo.s |rvc|voJ |r ..to. .oscJ.cos c. ..to. so.v|cos .t o.c| .pp.cp.|.to |rst|tJt|cr.| |ovo|
Step 3: |||| t|o st.ko|c|Jo.s |rtc t|o st.ko|c|Jo. cc|Jnr |r t|o n.t.|x (Joc|J|rg |c. o.c|
st.ko|c|Jo. .|ot|o. t|oy ..o . |cc.| c. |rto.noJ|.to |ovo| .ctc.)
Step 4: Orco t|o g.cJp |s .o|.t|vo|y |.ppy .|t| t|o ||st c| st.ko|c|Jo.s, ncvo cr tc J|scJss t|o|.
.c|o .|t| .ospoct tc ..to. A.o t|oy . ..to. Jso. c. p.cv|Jo.` A.o t|oy |rvc|voJ |r .ogJ|.t|cr c.
n.r.gonort c| ..to.`
Step 5: ||r.||y Joc|Jo .|c |s . koy st.ko|c|Jo., by .||c| .o no.r t|cso st.ko|c|Jo.s .|c nJst
boccno cort..||y |rvc|voJ |r t|o p.ccoss || ..to. gcvo.r.rco |s tc p.cJJco botto. .osJ|ts ||s
|rvc|vonort c.r bo J|.oct c. t|.cJg| .op.osort.t|vos
StakehoIder RoIe key StakehoIder1
|rto.noJ|.to (nosc) |ovo|
1
2
|cc.| (n|c.c) |ovo|

1
2
Iigure 15: StakehoIder and stakehoIder-roIe matrix

l0l
7ips and tricks
|t n.y bo nc.o p.cJJct|vo tc b.o.k . |..go .c.ks|cp |rtc sn.||o. g.cJps ||s |s p..t|cJ|..|y
|npc.t.rt ||, |c. ox.np|o, .cnor ..o s|y tc spo.k |r |.crt c| nor ||s c.r .|sc g|vo .r
|rs|g|t |rtc .|c ..o soor .s koy st.ko|c|Jo.s by J|||o.ort g.cJps
|o ..|ttor n.t.|x |s |npc.t.rt, bJt rct t|o sc|o c. ovor ncst |npc.t.rt cboct|vo, .||c|
|s tc got J|||o.ort ..to. st.ko|c|Jo.s tc st..t tc |Jort||y .|c o|so |.s . st.ko, .|.t t|o|. .c|o
|s, .rJ |c. tc |rvc|vo t|on |t |s t|o.o|c.o ossort|.| rct tc .Js| t||s oxo.c|so c. tc |ccJs cr
|||||rg |r t|o n.t.|x tcc ,J|ck|y, bJt ..t|o. tc |.c|||t.to . .|c| J|scJss|cr
|t |s c.Jc|.| tc J|st|rgJ|s| bot.oor st.ko|c|Jo.s .t J|||o.ort |rst|tJt|cr.| |ovo|s p..t|cJ|..|y
t|cso .t |cc.| .rJ |rto.noJ|.to |ovo| (sJc| .s |cc.| gcvo.rnort)
|ct ovo.ycro c.r p..t|c|p.to |r ovo.y .ct|v|ty |Jort||y|rg .op.osort.t|vos c| koyst.ko|c|Jo.
g.cJps |s .r |npc.t.rt .ct|v|ty |r |tso|| Obv|cJs .op.osort.t|vos |rc|JJo Joncc..t|c.||y
o|octoJ .op.osort.t|vos (|cc.| pc||t|c|.rs) .rJ bO po.scrro| |c.ovo., |t n.y .|sc bo
rocoss..y tc c.o.to .op.osort.t|vo st.JctJ.os |c. n..g|r.||soJ g.cJps |rc|JJ|rg .cnor .rJ
t|o pcc.ost
More information
||s tcc| |s .J.ptoJ |.cn cro |r t|o |AA|S (..p|J .pp..|s.| c| .g.|cJ|tJ..| krc.|oJgo systons)
tcc|k|t |ttp//...k|tr|/sn..ts|tos|tn|`c||Ab|J4616|..t|oscJ.cos
Who is invoIved1
|oc|J|rg .|c tc |rvc|vo |r st.ko|c|Jo. .r.|ys|s c.r bo J||||cJ|t |r p..ct|co . ||.st ||st c| koy
st.ko|c|Jo.s c.r bo p.op..oJ by t|o |.c|||t.t|cr .rJ c.p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort to.n b.soJ cr
|r|c.n.| J|scJss|crs ||s ||st s|cJ|J |rc|JJo .op.osort.t|vos c| .ry .o|ov.rt v|||.go |rst|tJt|crs,
.cnor .rJ t|o pcc. .s . n|r|nJn Orco t||s cc.o g.cJp |.s boor t|.cJg| .r |r|t|.| oxo.c|so,
.JJ|t|cr.| st.ko|c|Jo.s (.rJ t|o|. .op.osort.t|vos) .||| bo |Jort|||oJ .rJ rooJ tc boccno |rvc|voJ
|r sJbso,Jort .ct|v|t|os
l02
^cccr rc cl rlyi
A .|Jo ..rgo c| st.ko|c|Jo.s |s |rvc|voJ |r ccnp|ox systons .o|.toJ tc t|o n.r.gonort c|
..to. .oscJ.cos .rJ t|o p.cv|s|cr c| ..to. so.v|cos |rJo.st.rJ|rg .|c t|oso st.ko|c|Jo.s
..o .rJ t|o|. J|||o.ort .c|os .rJ .ospcrs|b|||t|os |s . c.Jc|.| st..t|rg pc|rt |r JrJo.st.rJ|rg
.|o.o |np.cvonorts c.r bo n.Jo |r ..to. gcvo.r.rco ||s |s p..t|cJ|..|y t.Jo c| |r|c.n.t|cr
cc||oct|cr, n.r.gonort .rJ s|..|rg .|o.o |t |s ccnncr tc ||rJ . g.o.t Jo.| c| cvo.|.p .rJ
|ro|||c|orcy ||s tcc| |o|ps st.ko|c|Jo.s tc |Jort||y t|o ncst |npc.t.rt .c|os .rJ ||rk.gos |t .|Js
t|on |r |Jort||y|rg .rJ v|sJ.||s|rg t.sks .|t||r t|o ..to. syston .||c.|rg t|o koy ccc.J|r.t|rg
||rk.gos tc bo soor |r .o|.t|crs bot.oor t|o J|||o.ort st.ko|c|Jo.s .rJ t|o|. t.sks
|o ,J.||ty c| t|o cJtpJts |r t||s oxo.c|so |s ||g||y JoporJort cr gccJ ,J.||ty |.c|||t.t|cr .rJ
.ccoss tc JptcJ.to krc.|oJgo, |c. ox.np|o, cr t|o .c|os .rJ .ospcrs|b|||t|os c| gcvo.rnort
Jop..tnorts |o .c|os .rJ .ospcrs|b|||t|os c| Jop..tnorts c|tor .o||oct t|o pc||c|os c| pc||t|c.|
p..t|os .rJ ..o t|o.o|c.o sJboct tc c|.rgo
Actc. .rJ t.sk .r.|ys|s c.r bo c...|oJ cJt bct| |r .c.ks|cps .rJ by Js|rg ct|o. .pp.c.c|os sJc|
.s son|st.JctJ.oJ |rto.v|o.s |c.ovo., .t scno pc|rt |t |s |npc.t.rt t|.t .o|ov.rt st.ko|c|Jo.s
..o .b|o tc soo t|o tct.||ty c| t|o .r.|ys|s bo|rg Jovo|cpoJ .rJ tc JrJo.st.rJ .rJ J|scJss t|o|.
.c|os .|t||r |t
|o n.|r n.to.|.| JsoJ |r t||s oxo.c|so |s t|o n.t.|x c| .ctc.s .rJ t.sks ||s c.r bo Jovo|cpoJ
JJ.|rg . .c.ks|cp |rtc . |..go ..||c|..t tc .||c| t|o J|||o.ort .ctc.s .rJ t.sks c.r bo .JJoJ
Ob|ectives
c |.vo . c|o.. JrJo.st.rJ|rg c| t|o J|||o.ort st.ko|c|Jo.s |rvc|voJ |r |cc.| ..to. n.r.gonort
.rJ t|o|. .c|os .rJ .ospcrs|b|||t|os
c |Jort||y pctort|.| g.ps c. cvo.|.ps |r t|o .c|os c| J|||o.ort st.ko|c|Jo.s
c JrJo.st.rJ t|o ||rks bot.oor J|||o.ort st.ko|c|Jo.s, ospoc|.||y t|cso .o|.toJ tc t|o s|..|rg
.rJ Jso c| |r|c.n.t|cr
l03
Iigure 16: Actors and tasks matrix, used to identify where stakehoIders shouId put their main efforts, to avoid gaps
or dupIication. Stars represent the reIative importance of the roIe.
Methods
|o n.|r |..no.c.k JsoJ |c. t|o .r.|ys|s |s t|o .ctc.s .rJ t.sks n.t.|x |.c| .c. .op.osorts .
J|||o.ort .ctc. |rvc|voJ |r t|o ..to. syston, .|||o o.c| cc|Jnr |Jort|||os . koy t.sk .rJ .c|o
|o n.t.|x |s ||||oJ |r b.soJ cr J|scJss|crs .|t| st.ko|c|Jo.s |r .c.ks|cps c. |rto.v|o.s |o
n.t.|x t|or .ovo.|s |r|c.n.t|cr .bcJt g.ps .rJ cvo.|.ps |r .o|.t|cr tc ossort|.| t.sks .rJ t|o
.ctc.s .|c po.|c.n t|on
A rJnbo. c| gJ|J|rg ,Jost|crs c.r bo JsoJ |r o|t|o. .c.ks|cps c. |rto.v|o.s tc p.cnpt
st.ko|c|Jo.s, t|oso |rc|JJo
\||c| t.sks/|Jrct|crs ..o po.|c.noJ by .||c| .ctc.s`
\|.t .ct|v|t|os Jc t|o .ctc.s c...y cJt |r po.|c.n|rg t|oso t.sks` |c. o||oct|vo ..o t|oy`
\|.t g.ps ..o t|o.o bot.oor t.sks`
\|.t cvo.|.p |s t|o.o bot.oor J|||o.ort .ctc.s/t.sks`
|s t|o.o . ccc.J|r.toJ o||c.t by .o|ov.rt .ctc.s tc |rtog..to t|o|. t.sks`
\|.t |.ctc.s .|t||r t|o syston |.vo . pcs|t|vo c. rog.t|vo |r||Jorco cr t.sk po.|c.n.rco`
\|.t |r|c.n.t|cr |s |o|J by .||c| st.ko|c|Jo.s t|.t |o|ps t|on tc po.|c.n t|o|. t.sks` |s |t
s|..oJ` || sc, |c.`
More information
||s tcc| |s .J.ptoJ |.cn t|o |AA|S (..p|J .pp..|s.| c| .g.|cJ|tJ..| krc.|oJgo systons) tcc|bcx
(tcc| b5) Soo |ttp//...k|tr|/sn..ts|tos|tn|`c||Ab|J4616|..t|oscJ.cos
7asks
Actors
Maintaining
infrastructure
nsuring water
quaIity
Permits for
abstraction
PIanning new
services
V|r|st.y c| ..to.
.oscJ.cos

|op..tnort c|
Jcnost|c ..to.

V|r|st.y c|
|o.|t|

\.to. Jso.
.sscc|.t|cr

Who is invoIved1
Actc. .rJ t.sk .r.|ys|s |s |.c|||t.toJ by t|o |.c|||t.t|cr to.n |c.ovo., |t |s |npc.t.rt t|.t t|o n.|r
.c.k c| .r.|ys|rg t|o J|||o.ort t.sks .rJ t|o g.ps .rJ cvo.|.ps |s c...|oJ cJt by st.ko|c|Jo.s
t|onso|vos
l04
|crcifyir_ ly cllclcr
|oy st.ko|c|Jo.s ..o t|cso .|c nJst boccno .rJ .on.|r |rvc|voJ |r t|o p.ccoss c| J|.|cgJo
.rJ ccrco.toJ .ct|cr || ..to. gcvo.r.rco |s tc |np.cvo |oy JsJ.||y |rc|JJo ..to. Jso.s (c. t|o|.
.op.osort.t|vos), koy gcvo.r.rco bcJ|os sJc| .s |cc.| gcvo.rnort, |npc.t.rt ..to. p.cv|Jo.s,
.rJ t|o |rst|tJt|crs t|.t n.ko t|o syston .c.k |c. Jc ycJ krc. .|c |s . koy st.ko|c|Jo.` c
scno oxtort t||s ,Jost|cr |s .rs.o.oJ .|or |Jort||y|rg st.ko|c|Jo.s |r t|o ||.st p|.co .rJ .|or
|Jort||y|rg .ctc.s .rJ t.sks (soo tcc|s), s|rco t|oy .||| bo |Jort|||oJ by ct|o. st.ko|c|Jo.s .s t|o
ncst cort..| tc sJccoss .rJ |r||Jort|.| |r n.k|rg |t |.ppor
A|| st.ko|c|Jo.s |r||Jorco |rto..ct|crs .|t||r ccnp|ox systons c| ..to. sJpp|y .rJ ..to.
.oscJ.cos n.r.gonort |r . rJnbo. c| J|||o.ort ..ys |c. ox.np|o, n|r|st.|os c| ..to. .oscJ.co
ccrcort..to cr ||g|o. |ovo| ..to. .oscJ.co pc||cy .rJ .ogJ|.t|cr, .|||o Jop..tnorts c|
Jcnost|c ..to. sJpp|y |ccJs cr so.v|co p.cv|s|cr, c. t|o .ogJ|.t|cr c| p.|v.to soctc. so.v|co
p.cv|Jo.s |op..tnorts c| ||r.rco, J.|vor by .|Jo. gcvo.rnort pc||cy, n.y |.vcJ. co.t.|r
typos c| |rvostnort \.to. Jso. .sscc|.t|crs .o|.t|rg tc J|||o.ort typos c| ..to. Jso n.y p.o|o.
J|||o.ort so.v|co |ovo|s .rJ .o|.to tc J|||o.ort gcvo.rnort .rJ rcrgcvo.rnort .ctc.s
|.c| st.ko|c|Jo. |.s .r |r||Jorco cr t|o .o|.t|crs .|t||r t|o syston .s . .|c|o, .|t| scno
oxo.t|rg nc.o |r||Jorco t|.r ct|o.s \o c.r t||rk c| t|cso .|c oxo.t t|o g.o.tost |r||Jorco,
..cJrJ .|cn cc.||t|crs c| ct|o. st.ko|c|Jo.s n.y |c.n, .s koy st.ko|c|Jo.s |oso st.ko|c|Jo.s
n.y oxo.t st.crg |o.Jo.s||p cr t|o ..y t|.t t|o cvo..|| syston |Jrct|crs, .rJ |orco cr t|o typo
c| cJtpJts .rJ |np.ct t|o syston .c||ovos
||s tcc| |ccJsos cr |Jort||y|rg koy st.ko|c|Jo.s .rJ c|..|||os t|o Jog.oo tc .||c| t|oy stoo. t|o
syston |r . g|vor J|.oct|cr
\|||st t||s |s . vo.y Jso|J| tcc|, |t s|cJ|J bo rctoJ t|.t t|o .c|o .rJ |r||Jorco c| koy st.ko|c|Jo.s
v..y .|t| t|no .rJ .|t| sJc| |.ctc.s .s t|o |o.Jo.s||p ,J.||t|os c. pc||t|c.| ||rks c| t|o |rJ|v|JJ.|s
|r c|..go c| J|||o.ort |rst|tJt|crs |r|c.n.| noc|.r|sns, .s .o|| .s |c.n.| cros, c.r |r||Jorco
.rJ/c. J|stc.t pc.o. .o|.t|crs||ps .rJ |ovo|s c| |r||Jorco
||s oxo.c|so |s ncst Jso|J| || c...|oJ cJt .|t||r . .c.ks|cp, .s t||s .||c.s .|| st.ko|c|Jo.s tc
J|scJss t|o |ssJo c| koy st.ko|c|Jo.s .rJ tc s|..o t|o|. J|||o.ort po.copt|crs .bcJt .|c t|oso
koy st.ko|c|Jo.s ..o, .rJ .bcJt t|o|. Jog.oo c| |r||Jorco yp|c.||y t|o.o|c.o t|o oxo.c|so .|||
bo c...|oJ cJt cr cro (c. sovo..|) |..go p|ocos c| |||p c|..t p.po., Js|rg c..Js tc |Jort||y koy
st.ko|c|Jo.s |o .c.ks|cp rooJs tc bo .o|| |.c|||t.toJ, .||c.|rg J|||o.ort po.copt|crs tc bo
s|..oJ ||s n.y bo o.s|o. .|or .c.k|rg |r sJbg.cJps
Methods
Step 1: b..|rstc.n tc |Jort||y .ctc.s |.c| n.|r g.cJp c| st.ko|c|Jo.s (|c. ox.np|o J|||o.ort
..to. Jso.s, c. J|||o.ort gcvo.rnort .ctc.s) |s .skoJ tc |Jort||y ct|o. n.|r st.ko|c|Jo.s .|t||r
t|o syston, .rJ t|o .osJ|ts ..o rctoJ cr c..Js
l05
Step 2: |Jort||y t|o |r||Jorco c| J|||o.ort .ctc.s \c.k|rg .|t| t|o ||st c| koy st.ko|c|Jo.s, Jovo|cp
. ..J.. J|.g..n (soo ||gJ.o 1) .|t| cro .x|s JovctoJ tc o.c| .ctc. Scc.o t|o .o|ov.rt st.orgt|
(|r||Jorco) c| o.c| .ctc. |.cn 0 (.o.kost) tc 5 (st.crgost) .|crg o.c| .x|s c| t|o J|.g..n
Step 3: crsc||J.to || .o|ov.rt, t.ko t|o J|.g..n c| J|||o.ort st.ko|c|Jo.s .rJ ccnp..o .rJ
ccrt..st t|on |or, .c.k tc Jovo|cp . s|rg|o .g.ooJ J|.g..n sJnn|rg Jp t|o ort|.o syston
CJ|Jo t|o J|scJss|crs by .sk|rg ,Jost|crs sJc| .s
\|c Jc J|||o.ort st.ko|c|Jo.s |Jort||y .s koy st.ko|c|Jo.s |r t|o syston`
\||c| c| t|oso koy st.ko|c|Jo.s oxo.t (.o|.t|vo|y) nc.o .rJ |oss |r||Jorco`
\|c ccJ|J c|.rgo t|o s|tJ.t|cr .rJ .cJ|J bo |rto.ostoJ |r Jc|rg sc` \|y`
7ips and tricks
||s |s . .o|.t|vo|y s|np|o tcc| bJt cro t|.t c.r g|vo g.o.t |rs|g|t |rtc .o|.t|vo pc.o. bot.oor
st.ko|c|Jo.s c. c| po.copt|crs c| pc.o.
\|||o |t |s ncst c|tor JsoJ .|t||r . .c.ks|cp sott|rg, |t c.r .|sc bo JsoJ .|t| sn.|| g.cJps
c. ovor |rJ|v|JJ.|s |..t|cJ|..|y .|or .c.k|rg .|t| t|o pcc.ost .rJ ncst n..g|r.||soJ t||s
|s . Jso|J| ..y tc c|..||y t|o|. po.copt|crs c| t|o|. c.r .c|o .|t||r t|o syston .rJ tc b.|rg
t||s tc t|o t.b|o
More information
||s tcc| |s b.soJ cr t|o |.|no Vcvo. Sopt.g..n c| t|o |AA|S tcc|k|t (cc| A5/b6)
|ttp//...k|tr|/sn..ts|tos|tn|`c||Ab|J4616|..t|oscJ.cos
Who is invoIved1
|o |Jort|||c.t|cr c| koy st.ko|c|Jo.s |s .r |npc.t.rt p..t c| t|o .c.k c| ost.b||s||rg st.ko|c|Jo.
p|.t|c.ns A|| st.ko|c|Jo.s s|cJ|J, .t scno t|no, t.ko p..t |r t||s oxo.c|so, |oJ by t|o |.c|||t.t|cr to.n
1
2
3
4
5
Ministry of water resources
|cnost|c ..to. sJpp|y .Jt|c.|ty
\.to. Jso. .sscc|.t|crs
VJr|c|p.||ty
|opt c| ||r.rco
|r|vo.s|ty
Iigure 17: Radar diagram of key stakehoIders affecting domestic water suppIy
l06
|rcicOcicrl rlyi
|o c|.rgos .o,J|.oJ |c. |np.cvoJ ..to. gcvo.r.rco .o,J|.o t|.t koy .ctc.s |.vo t|o rocoss..y
c.p.c|ty tc p|.y t|o|. .c|o |r t|o ro./|np.cvoJ syston
||s tcc| Jsos . s|np|o c|ock||st tc .r.|yso t|o pctort|.| c| |rst|tJt|cr.| st.ko|c|Jo.s tc p|.y .
.c|o |r |np.cvoJ ..to. gcvo.r.rco |t c.r bo JsoJ tcgot|o. .|t| ct|o. tcc|s (sJc| .s st.ko|c|Jo.
.r.|ys|s c. son|st.JctJ.oJ |rto.v|o.s) tc |o|p gJ|Jo . p.ccoss c| J|scJss|cr .rJ .r.|ys|s c|
.o,J|.oJ krc.|oJgo, .tt|tJJos, p..ct|cos .rJ c.p.c|t|os ..cJrJ Jos|.oJ c|.rgos
|o n.to.|.|s .rJ .oscJ.cos .o,J|.oJ |c. t||s tcc| ..o s|n||.. tc t|cso |c. ct|o. .c.ks|cp tcc|s
(|||p c|..ts, pors, c..Js otc) |o sJppc.t c| . |.c|||t.tc. .|t| |rs|g|t |rtc t|o syston bo|rg
.r.|ysoJ |s vo.y Jso|J| |r Joopor|rg J|scJss|cr .rJ |r|c.n.t|cr oxc|.rgo
Methods
|o.o |s rc spoc|||c not|cJc|cgy |c. t||s tcc|, .s |t |s p.|n..||y . c|ock||st c| gJ|J|rg ,Jost|crs
|c. Jso .|t| ct|o. tcc|s c. .|t||r .c.ks|cps .|noJ .t J|scJss|rg t|o pctort|.| |c. c|.rgo .|c
s|cJ|J bo |rvc|voJ, .|c c.r c||o. .|.t
Guiding questions
|c t|o p.cpcsoJ (c|.rgoJ) .ct|v|t|os |.|| .|t||r t|o sccpo c| t|o cJ..ort .ct|v|t|os c| t|o
.ctc.s`
|cos . .o|.t|vo ccrsorsJs ox|st ccrco.r|rg t|o rooJ |c. c|.rgo .rJ tc c...y cJt p.cpcsoJ
|rto.vort|crs`
|c .o|ov.rt koy st.ko|c|Jo.s soo t|o |rto.vort|crs .s bo|rg |r t|o|. |rto.osts`
\|cso po.co|voJ |rto.osts n|g|t bo rog.t|vo|y .||octoJ by t|o |rto.vort|cr(s)`
\||c| c| t|o koy .ctc.s s|..o . rooJ |c. t|o po.co|voJ |rto.vort|crs`
|| t|oy .c.k .|cro, ccJ|J t|oy n.ko c|.rgos`
|c t|o .o|ov.rt koy .ctc.s |.vo t|o .oscJ.cos rooJoJ tc |np|onort t|o p.cpcsoJ
|rto.vort|crs (||r.rc|.|, |Jn.r, krc.|oJgo b.so, |o.Jo.s||p, c.g.r|s.t|cr.| c.p.c|t|os)`
\||c| c| t|o koy .ctc.s |.s .ctJ.||y oxp.ossoJ .||||rgross tc |np|onort scno c. .|| c| t|o
p.cpcsoJ |rto.vort|crs`
Ob|ectives
Ag.oo . c|o.. JrJo.st.rJ|rg c| t|o pctort|.| c| st.ko|c|Jo.s tc .c||ovo pcs|t|vo c|.rgo .|t||r
t|o syston
|Jort||y .oscJ.cos t|.t J|||o.ort st.ko|c|Jo.s |.vo t|.t ccJ|J |o|p tc .c||ovo pcs|t|vo c|.rgos
l07
More information
||s tcc|s |s b.soJ cr t|o Actc. pctort|.| c|ock||st c| t|o |AA|S tcc|k|t (cc| 2)
|ttp//...k|tr|/sn..ts|tos|tn|`c||Ab|J4616|..t|oscJ.cos
Who is invoIved1
|o |rst|tJt|cr.| pctort|.| tcc| |s p.|n..||y .|noJ .t |rst|tJt|cr.| st.ko|c|Jo.s (..t|o. t|.r
|rJ|v|JJ.|s) As .|t| ct|o. tcc|s |t .o||os cr gccJ |.c|||t.t|cr
l08
\iOl rccl cf lcrlip rc cccrcircicr
|o|.t|crs bot.oor st.ko|c|Jo.s |r . ccnp|ox syston c.r bo vo.y J||||cJ|t tc sJnn..|so o||oct|vo|y
|c.ovo., .r JrJo.|y|rg JrJo.st.rJ|rg c| t|oso .o|.t|crs||ps Jcos rooJ tc bo c.ptJ.oJ
tc Jovo|cp st.crg st.ko|c|Jo. p|.t|c.ns Oro not|cJ, |s tc bJ||J Jp J|.g..ns c. ncJo|s c|
t|o systons, s|c.|rg t|o n.|r .ctc.s, t|o n.|r ||rks bot.oor t|on (|c. ox.np|o .opc.t|rg
c. |r|c.n.t|cr s|..|rg), .rJ t|o .o|.t|vo st.orgt| c. .o.kross c| t|o .ctc.s |r .o|.t|crs||p tc
o.c| ct|o. SJc| J|.g..ns n.y bo ccnp|ox bJt ..o c|tor botto. .t c.tc||rg t|o .o|.t|crs||ps
t|.r ..|ttor Josc.|pt|crs|o.o ..o rc |..J .rJ |.st .J|os |c. Jovo|cp|rg ncJo|s J|||o.ort
.pp.c.c|os .c.k |c. J|||o.ort |.c|||t.tc.s .rJ J|||o.ort g.cJps |o n.|r .|n |s tc c.ptJ.o t|o
Jyr.n|c .ob c| .o|.t|crs||ps |r . ..y .occgr|s.b|o tc .|| st.ko|c|Jo.s
|o p.ccoss rooJs . |.c|||t.tc. oxpo.|orcoJ .t ccrcoptJ.||s|rg ccnp|ox .o|.t|crs||ps .rJ
oxp.oss|rg t|on |r J|.g..nn.t|c ncJo|s ||.g..ns c.r bo Jovo|cpoJ cr p.po. (t|o p.o|o..oJ
not|cJ |c. ncst st.ko|c|Jo. g.cJps) c. by Js|rg . ccnpJto., .|o.o J|.g..ns c.r bo o.s||y
.|to.oJ .rJ s.voJ, Js|rg sc|t...o p.ck.gos sJc| .s VS |c.o.|c|rt, c. b..|rstc.n|rg c.
n|rJ n.pp|rg sc|t...o ||.g..ns c.r bo c.ptJ.oJ by J|g|t.| c.no.. |c. |rc|Js|cr |r p.ccoss
JccJnort.t|cr |o ||r.| cboct|vo |s tc Jovo|cp . J|.g..n sJc| .s ||gJ.o 18
Methods
||.g..nn.t|c ncJo|s s|cJ|J bo JsoJ t|.cJg|cJt t||s p.ccoss by t|o |.c|||t.t|cr to.n .rJ by
st.ko|c|Jo.s tc n.p t|o|. c|.rg|rg JrJo.st.rJ|rg c| t|o systons t|oy ..o |rvost|g.t|rg SJc|
ncJo|s ..o rct .|g|t c. ..crg, bJt s|np|y . ..y c| |||Jst..t|rg JrJo.st.rJ|rg |o ,Jost|cr |s
t|o.o|c.o .|ot|o. t|oy .ccJ..to|y .rJ c|o..|y |||Jst..to t|.t JrJo.st.rJ|rg
|Jo.||y t|o |.c|||t.t|cr to.n s|cJ|J |cck .t .rJ J|scJss t|o|. p.o|o..oJ ncJo|(s) cr . .ogJ|.. b.s|s
tc soo || t|o|. JrJo.st.rJ|rg |s c|.rg|rg ||||o.ort ncJo|s s|cJ|J .|sc bo Jovo|cpoJ .rJ s|..oJ
.ogJ|..|y .|t| st.ko|c|Jo.s
Ob|ectives
c Jovo|cp . c|o.. JrJo.st.rJ|rg c| t|o Jyr.n|cs c| ox|st|rg .o|.t|crs||ps bot.oor st.ko|c|Jo.s
.|t||r t|o syston
c ost.b||s| . b.so||ro JrJo.st.rJ|rg c| .|cn tc |rvc|vo |r .|.t .c|os .|t||r . st.ko|c|Jo.
p|.t|c.n
l09
|o s|np|o stops .rJ ,Jost|crs sot cJt bo|c. ..o gJ|Jos tc t||s p.ccoss
Step 1: Actc. |Jort|||c.t|cr A|| st.ko|c|Jo.s, ospoc|.||y koy st.ko|c|Jo.s s|cJ|J bo |Jort|||oJ
.|t||r t|o ncJo| |o ||.st stop |s tc |Jort||y .ctc.s .rJ t|o|. ||rks .|t| o.c| ct|o. (Js|rg tcc|s
cJt||roJ o..||o. |r t||s c|.pto.)
Step 2: |ovo|cp|rg ncJo|(s) St..t tc .c.k cJt t|o ||rk.gos bot.oor J|||o.ort .ctc.s |r to.ns
c| |r|c.n.t|cr s|..|rg, .opc.t|rg, ||ros c| .ospcrs|b|||ty .rJ po.n|ss|cr otc |so J|||o.ort no.rs
tc |Jort||y t|o .o|.t|vo st.orgt|/|npc.t.rco c| .ctc.s (|..go. synbc|s, st..s, JrJo.||r|rg otc) |so
J|||o.ort typos c| ||ros tc |Jort||y J|||o.ort .o|.t|crs||ps bot.oor t|on, .rJ ...c.s tc .o||oct t|o
J|.oct|cr c| sJc| .o|.t|crs||ps c. |r|c.n.t|cr ||c.s |t |s |npc.t.rt tc n.|rt.|r c|..|ty .s tc .|.t
p..t c| t|o syston t|o ncJo| .op.osorts |c. ox.np|o . ncJo| c| .o|.t|crs ..cJrJ Jcnost|c
..to. sJpp|y n.y bo vo.y J|||o.ort tc . ncJo| ..cJrJ |..|g.t|cr
Step 3: S|..o .rJ J|scJss ncJo|s VcJo|s ..o Jso|J| |r .s nJc| .s t|oy c.ptJ.o po.copt|crs
.rJ JrJo.st.rJ|rg .rJ .||c. t|oso tc bo s|..oJ .rJ J|scJssoJ |o s|rg|o c.|to.|cr |c. JJg|rg
sJc| ncJo|s |s Jcos |t .Jv.rco cJ. JrJo.st.rJ|rg c| .|.t rooJs tc bo Jcro tc .c||ovo cJ.
cboct|vos` || t|o .rs.o. |s rc, t|o ncJo| rooJs |J.t|o. Jovo|cpnort
Step 4: .ptJ.o .rJ JccJnort VcJo|s s|cJ|J bo c.ptJ.oJ |c. ox.np|o by t.k|rg . J|g|t.|
p|ctcg..p| .rJ stc.oJ .s p..t c| p.ccoss JccJnort.t|cr
Iigure 18: A diagrammatic modeI of the main actors and reIationships in the water sector in Accra, Ghana, from the
point of view of the PubIic UtiIities ReguIatory Commission (PURC)
Mlnlstry of water
resources/MDAs
AMA acts as
lntermedlary
Local
Assem-
blles
Leglslators
Pegulator
(PUPC/wPC)
Donor
Agencles
Pesearch &
Tralnlng
|nstltutlons
Operator
(GwCL/AvPL)
Consumer
groups
NGOs
waterAld
Some elements of
overlapplng brlng connlcts
Pesults and
flndlngs
Connlctlng gures, dlnerent
denltlons of terms, supposed to
make thelr research known
Donor agencles glve
fundlng. Strong
relatlonshlp wlth
water dlrectlons
Control
Mutual Collaboratlon
Dependency (lncludlng producer
cllent relatlonshlp)
Lxchange ln lnformatlon
weak relatlonshlps
potentlal lnnuence
ll0
7ips and tricks
|ovo|cp|rg gccJ ccrcoptJ.| ncJo|s c| t|o sc.t s|c.r |r ||gJ.o18 .o,J|.os p..ct|co .rJ .
co.t.|r ..y c| t||rk|rg .bcJt t|o .c.|J |ovo|cp|rg, c. |.c|||t.t|rg t|o Jovo|cpnort c| sJc|
ncJo|s c.||s |c. spoc|.||st |rpJt |.cn .|t||r c. cJts|Jo t|o |.c|||t.t|cr to.n
A|t|cJg| . pctort|.||y v.|J.b|o tcc|, v|sJ.| ncJo|s c.r |rc.o.so ccr|Js|cr, p..t|cJ|..|y .|or
to.ns c. g.cJps |.vo J|||o.ort |ovo|s c| sk|||s .|t| ncJo|s VcJo|||rg c.r bo Jcn|r.toJ
by to.n nonbo.s .|t| .pt|tJJo .|||o ct|o.s boccno ccr|JsoJ .rJ |cso |rto.ost CccJ
|.c|||t.t|cr .||| n.ko . J|||o.orco bot.oor .|c| .rJ c|..||y|rg cJtpJts .rJ t|cso t|.t
ccnpcJrJ ccr|Js|cr
More information
||s tcc| |.s boor Jovo|cpoJ b.soJ |..go|y cr t|o |AA|S |o.Jo.s||p .rJ ccc.J|r.t|cr tcc|
(cc| A5/b8) Soo |ttp//...k|tr|/sn..ts|tos|tn|`c||Ab|J4616|..t|oscJ.cos
Who is invoIved1
|ovo|cp|rg v|sJ.| ncJo|s c| |o.Jo.s||p .rJ ccc.J|r.t|cr |s . t.sk |c. t|o .|c|o to.n .s .r oxo.c|so
|r Jovo|cp|rg .rJ c|..||y|rg |ts c.r JrJo.st.rJ|rg, .rJ s|cJ|J |rc|JJo .|| st.ko|c|Jo.s
lll
|r\cl\ir_ cl pccr rc rr_irlic
|cc. .rJ n..g|r.||soJ pocp|o ..o by t|o|. r.tJ.o rct .o|| .op.osortoJ |r ox|st|rg n.r.gonort
st.JctJ.os c. ct|o. p|.t|c.ns |oy c|tor |.ck t|o t|no c. .oscJ.cos tc p|.y .r .ct|vo .c|o |r
p.ccossos |cc. .cnor ..o c|tor tcc bJsy |r t|o |cJso tc .ttorJ noot|rgs |r scno c.sos
t|o.o |s .ct|vo .os|st.rco tc |rc|JJ|rg n..g|r.||soJ pocp|o .|c n.y bo soor by ct|o. g.cJps .s
cJts|Jo.s c. .s rct |.v|rg . |og|t|n.to st.ko |r t|o p.ccoss |Jort||y|rg t|o pcc.ost .rJ ncst
n..g|r.||soJ pocp|o |r . ccnnJr|ty |s c|tor t|o s|rg|o ncst |npc.t.rt stop t|.t c.r bo t.kor
tc...Js |rc|Js|cr .rJ p.osorts spoc|.| c|.||orgos A |o.tJ.o c| oxc|Js|cr |s t|.t t|o n..g|r.||soJ
torJ tc bo |rv|s|b|o cvo.|cckoJ .rJ |grc.oJ |r Jovo|cpnort p.ccossos
Methods and resources
VJc| c| t|o not|cJc|cgy J|scJssoJ |o.o Jo.|s .|t| t|o |Jort|||c.t|cr c| t|o pcc. .rJ
n..g|r.||soJ .|t||r . ccnnJr|ty .s . ||.st stop tc |rc|JJ|rg t|on .rJ tc |Jort||y|rg t|o|. .ccoss
tc .oscJ.cos .rJ .ry spoc|.| p.cb|ons Oro c| t|o ncst pc.o.|J| tcc|s |c. |Jort||y|rg pcc. .rJ
n..g|r.||soJ ..to. Jso.s |s .o.|t| ..rk|rg ||s tcc| |o|ps tc c|.ss||y t|o pcpJ|.t|cr |rtc scc|c
occrcn|c st..t., b.soJ cr |cc.||y spoc|||c c.|to.|. .rJ Js|rg cJ|tJ..||y .pp.cp.|.to to.ns |o
n.|r stops c| .o.|t| ..rk|rg ..o
Step 1: |Jort|||c.t|cr c| c.|to.|. .|to.|. |c. |Jort||y|rg t|o pcc.ost .rJ ncst n..g|r.||so rooJ
tc bo |Jort|||oJ |oso c.r bo |c.n.| |rJ|c.tc.s (sJc| .s |cJso|c|J |rccno), bJt s|cJ|J |Jo.||y
.|sc |rc|JJo ,J.||t.t|vo |rJ|c.tc.s b.soJ cr pocp|os c.r po.copt|crs
Step 2: |Jort|||c.t|cr c| t|o pcc.ost Orco .r .g.ooJ sot c| c.|to.|. |.s boor |Jort|||oJ t|oso
s|cJ|J bo JsoJ tc |Jort||y .|o.o t|o pcc.ost .rJ ncst n..g|r.||soJ ||vo, .rJ |c. n.ry
pocp|o ..o |r t||s c.togc.y |r s|tJ.t|crs .|o.o t|o pcc. .rJ n..g|r.||soJ ||vo |r p..t|cJ|.. ..o.s,
n.pp|rg c.r bo . Jso|J| tcc| tc |Jort||y .rJ |||Jst..to t||s
Step 3: V.pp|rg .ccoss tc .oscJ.cos C.cJp J|scJss|crs .rJ son|st.JctJ.oJ |rto.v|o.s .|t| pcc.
.rJ n..g|r.||soJ pocp|o, .rJ .|t| ct|o. .o.|t| g.cJps, so.v|co p.cv|Jo.s .rJ ct|o. st.ko|c|Jo.s
c.r bo JsoJ tc n.p .ccoss tc .oscJ.cos by t|o pcc.ost .rJ ncst n..g|r.||soJ, .|t| . p..t|cJ|..
|ccJs cr .ctJ.| .rJ pctort|.| b...|o.s tc .ccoss ||s s|cJ|J |rc|JJo n.pp|rg .ccoss tc ..to.
.oscJ.cos .rJ so.v|cos, .s p..t c| .ssoss|rg .rJ . |||A .r.|ys|s, .rJ .|sc n.pp|rg .ccoss tc ct|o.
.oscJ.cos .rJ so.v|cos sJc| .s |rccno, oJJc.t|cr, onp|cynort .rJ |o.|t|c..o
Ob|ectives
c or.b|o pcc.o. .rJ nc.o n..g|r.||soJ nonbo.s c| t|o ccnnJr|ty (ospoc|.||y pcc. .cnor)
tc p|.y . |J|| p..t |r t|o |V|O\||S .pp.c.c|
c |Jort||y t|o pcc.o. .rJ nc.o n..g|r.||soJ ..to. Jso.s .rJ tc JrJo.st.rJ t|o|. spoc|||c rooJs
.rJ .oscJ.cos
ll2
Step 4: |rvc|vonort b.soJ cr t|o |Jort|||c.t|cr c| t|o pcc.ost .rJ ncst n..g|r.||soJ,
|Jort||y . st..togy |c. t|o|. |rvc|vonort |r t|o p.ccoss ||s st..togy nJst t.ck|o |ssJos sJc| .s
.op.osort.t|cr |r noot|rgs .rJ .c.ks|cps, orsJ.|rg t|.t sJc| .op.osort.t|cr |s |og|t|n.to .rJ
.pp.cp.|.to, t.||c.|rg n.to.|.|s tc t|o rooJs c| |oss oJJc.toJ pocp|o, .c.k|rg sop...to|y .|t|
t|o ncst n..g|r.||soJ (p..t|cJ|..|y pcc. .cnor) sc t|.t t|oy ..o rct |rt|n|J.toJ, Jovo|cp|rg
spoc|||c p.cg..nnos |c. c.p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort, .rJ |Jort||y|rg sJ|t.b|o ||r.rc|rg noc|.r|sns
sJc| .s sJbs|J|soJ |c.rs, n|c.cc.oJ|t otc
7ips and tricks
|o b|ggost c|.||orgos tc |rvc|v|rg t|o pcc. .rJ n..g|r.||soJ ..o n.k|rg t|on v|s|b|o .rJ
po.sJ.J|rg ct|o. st.ko|c|Jo.s t|.t |t |s |og|t|n.to tc g|vo t|on spoc|||c .ttort|cr
|t |s |npc.t.rt t|.t nonbo.s c| t|o |.c|||t.t|cr to.n |.vo . gccJ JrJo.st.rJ|rg t|onso|vos
c| t|o pcc. .rJ n..g|r.||soJ, .|c t|oy ..o .rJ .|.t p.cb|ons t|oy |.co, sc t|oy c.r .ct .s
o||oct|vo .Jvcc.tos cr t|o|. bo|.||
AJo,J.to .oscJ.cos ..o rooJoJ tc n.ko p.cg.oss, |c. c.p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort .rJ tc sJppc.t
|rvc|vonort |r t|o p.ccoss ||s n.y bo .s s|np|o .s p.y|rg pJb||c t..rspc.t |..os |c. pcc.
.cnor tc .ttorJ noot|rgs
|Jort||y|rg c.|to.|. |c. .o.|t| ..rk|rg c.r t.ko p|.co .|t||r v|||.go, tc.r c. gcvo.rc..to
|ovo|, JoporJ|rg cr t|o sc.|o c| t|o |rto.vort|cr
|r scno c|.cJnst.rcos, t|o.o ..o J|t..pcc. scc|.| g.cJps .|c Jc rct s|c. Jp |r .o.|t|
..rk|rg b.soJ cr |cJso|c|J sJ.voys |oso g.cJps |rc|JJo |t|ro..rts, n|g..rt .c.ko.s,
.o|Jgoos .rJ J|sp|.coJ pocp|o, .|t|cJt |c.n.| |cnos |r sJc| c.sos, .|to.r.t|vo sJ.voy|rg
toc|r|,Jos ..o rooJoJ
More information
|o.o |s . ||vo|y Job.to .bcJt |c. tc |rc|JJo t|o pcc. |r Jovo|cpnort .ct|v|t|os, cvo. bct|
ccrcopts .rJ .pp.c.c|os |so|J| st..t|rg pc|rts tc ||rJ cJt nc.o |rc|JJo
|o ||||S pcvo.ty pc.t.| |ttp//...o|J|sc.g/gc/tcp|cs/.oscJ.cogJ|Jos/pcvo.ty/no.sJ.|rg
pcvo.ty, .rJ t|o |.cr|c |cvo.ty |oso..c| ort.o |ttp//...c|.cr|cpcvo.tyc.g/
Who is invoIved1
A |.c|||t.t|cr to.n s|cJ|J |.vo .t |o.st cro Jos|gr.toJ oxpo.t cr pcvo.ty .rJ gorJo. .|cso .c|o |s
tc Jovo|cp . st..togy |c. t|o |Jort|||c.t|cr .rJ |rvc|vonort c| t|o pcc.ost .rJ ncst n..g|r.||soJ
St.|| onp|cyoJ by scno st.ko|c|Jo.s .||| bo .pp.cp.|.to |c. |rvc|vonort |r t||s .c.k, og n|r|st.|os
c| scc|.| Jovo|cpnort, .cnor, otc
ll3
Cpcicy c\lcprrc
.p.c|ty |s t|o .b|||ty c| |rJ|v|JJ.|s, c.g.r|s.t|crs .rJ scc|ot|os tc po.|c.n |Jrct|crs, sc|vo
p.cb|ons, .rJ sot .rJ .c||ovo gc.|s .p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort |s t|o p.ccoss c| Jovo|cp|rg
(c. orgorJo.|rg) c.p.c|ty .rJ or.b||rg st.ko|c|Jo.s tc Jso .rJ .ot.|r |t |o |npc.t.rco c|
po.scrro| .t t|o |rto.noJ|.to |ovo| (|cc.| gcvo.rnort, |COs, ||COs .rJ || .gorc|os) |r t|o
..to., s.r|t.t|cr .rJ |yg|oro soctc. |s |rc.o.s|rg|y .occgr|soJ |oy |Jrct|cr .t t|o |rto.|.co
bot.oor t|o r.t|cr.| |ovo| .rJ orJ Jso.s .rJ ..o |.o,Jort|y koy st.|| |r c.g.r|s.t|crs J|.oct|y
.ospcrs|b|o |c. p.cv|J|rg so.v|cos
|ocort..||s.t|cr n.kos t||s |rto.noJ|.to |ovo| p..t|cJ|..|y c.|t|c.| |r t|o |Jrct|cr|rg .rJ
sJst.|r.b|||ty c| t|o soctc. Ary |.ck c| c.p.c|ty .t t||s |ovo| c.r sovo.o|y |.npo. sJst.|roJ
po.|c.n.rco
.p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort o||c.ts s|rco t|o \.to. |oc.Jo (198090) |.vo |..go|y ccrcort..toJ cr
t..|r|rg, tc t|o rog|oct c| |rst|tJt|cr.| c.p.c|ty .rJ soctc. po.|c.n.rco |ssJos A ro. st..togy
|c. c.p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort |s .o,J|.oJ tc .o||oct |ssJos sJc| .s |cc.| c.ro.s||p c| .ct|v|t|os, t|o
|npc.t.rco c| p..tro.s||ps .rJ Jon.rJ .ospcrs|voross .p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort s|cJ|J bo .
|crgto.n, ccrt|rJcJs p.ccoss, |rvc|v|rg t|o .pp||c.t|cr c| . rJnbo. c| spoc|||c toc|r|,Jos
tc st.orgt|or t|o po.|c.n.rco c| .o|ov.rt c.g.r|s.t|crs .p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort |rc|JJos
.occgr|s|rg .rJ Js|rg ox|st|rg sk|||s, s|rco c.g.r|s.t|crs |.o,Jort|y JrJo.Jt|||so t|o sk|||s t|oy
|.vo
.p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort |s nJc| nc.o t|.r t..|r|rg .rJ |rc|JJos t|o |c||c.|rg
|Jn.r .oscJ.co Jovo|cpnort t|o p.ccoss c| o,J|pp|rg |rJ|v|JJ.|s .|t| t|o JrJo.st.rJ|rg,
sk|||s .rJ .ccoss tc |r|c.n.t|cr, krc.|oJgo .rJ t..|r|rg t|.t or.b|os t|on tc po.|c.n
o||oct|vo|y
O.g.r|s.t|cr.| Jovo|cpnort t|o o|.bc..t|cr c| n.r.gonort st.JctJ.os, p.ccossos .rJ
p.ccoJJ.os, rct cr|y .|t||r c.g.r|s.t|crs bJt .|sc |r t|o n.r.gonort c| .o|.t|crs||ps
bot.oor t|o J|||o.ort c.g.r|s.t|crs .rJ soctc.s (pJb||c, p.|v.to .rJ ccnnJr|ty)
|rst|tJt|cr.| .rJ |og.| |..no.c.k Jovo|cpnort n.k|rg |og.| .rJ .ogJ|.tc.y c|.rgos tc
or.b|o c.g.r|s.t|crs, |rst|tJt|crs .rJ .gorc|os .t .|| |ovo|s |r .|| soctc.s tc or|.rco t|o|.
c.p.c|t|os
Ob|ectives
c |o|p st.ko|c|Jo.s tc Jovo|cp t|o rocoss..y n|x c| |Jn.r, c.g.r|s.t|cr.| .rJ |rst|tJt|cr.|
krc.|oJgo .rJ .b|||ty tc or.b|o t|on tc |J|||| t|o|. .c|os .rJ .ospcrs|b|||t|os
ll4
Methods
V.ry not|cJs c| c.p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort ..o .v.||.b|o, sJ|toJ tc J|||o.ort ccJrt.|os, c|.cJnst.rcos
.rJ typos c| c.p.c|ty |ot.||oJ gJ|Jo||ros cr c.p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort .||| bo |cJrJ o|so.|o.o
(soo nc.o |r|c.n.t|cr, bo|c.) |c.ovo., . rJnbo. c| koy .ct|v|t|os ||rkoJ tc t|o J|||o.ort
ccnpcrorts c| c.p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort c.r bo |Jort|||oJ |r b.c.J to.ns
Needs assessments
StJJ|os ..o .o,J|.oJ tc Joc|Jo .|.t |c.n .rJ n|x c| c.p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort .||| bo t|o ncst
o||oct|vo |r J|||o.ort c|.cJnst.rcos SJ.voys .rJ .ssossnorts c| |JtJ.o rooJs .||| |o|p tc
Joto.n|ro t|o bost |rto.vort|crs
InstitutionaI deveIopment
.p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort c.r bo Jo||roJ .s t|o Jovo|cpnort c| |rst|tJt|crs, t|o|. n.r.go.|.|
systons .rJ t|o|. |Jn.r .oscJ.cos StJJ|os rooJ tc bo JrJo.t.kor tc |Jort||y .|o.o t|o.o ..o
.o.krossos, |c. |rst|tJt|cr.|, |og.|, .ogJ|.tc.y .rJ ct|o. ccrst..|rts c.r bo .oncvoJ, .rJ |c.
ccnnJr|t|os c.r boro||t |.cn |rst|tJt|cr.| st.orgt|or|rg
7raining
..|r|rg p.cg..nnos s|cJ|J bo soor .s .r |rvostnort |r |rJ|v|JJ.|s A t..|r|rg rooJs
.ssossnort .||| |Jort||y p.|c.|ty ..o.s |c. t..|r|rg, o|t|o. crt|ocb, c. by Js|rg toc|rc|cgy
t..rs|o. .ct|v|t|os, .c.ks|cps, .c|o p|.ys, rot.c.k|rg, son|r..s .rJ s|c.t ccJ.sos ..|r|rg s|cJ|J
|Jort||y .rJ Jpg..Jo JrJo.Jt|||soJ sk|||s .s .o|| .s p.cv|Jo ro. sk|||s
Awareness raising and information management
|np.cv|rg .ccoss tc |r|c.n.t|cr |s |rtog..| tc c.p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort ||s |rvc|vos |np.cv|rg
ccnnJr|c.t|crs c|.rro|s .rJ ..|s|rg ....oross c| t|o rooJ tc s|..o |r|c.n.t|cr |r|c.n.t|cr
n.r.gonort |s .|sc |rtog..| tc c.p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort Systons rooJ tc bo kopt Jp tc J.to
tc po.n|t .r o.s|o. .rJ nc.o o||oct|vo ||c. c| krc.|oJgo A spoc|.| |ccJs |s rooJoJ tc bJ||J
t|o sk|||s tc orsJ.o ccnnJr|ty p..t|c|p.t|cr .|t| p..t|cJ|.. .ttort|cr tc t|o |rvc|vonort c|
.cnor
Provision of resources
\o||t..|roJ, oJJc.toJ .rJ ....o st.|| nonbo.s rooJ .Jo,J.to .oscJ.cos tc c...y cJt t|o|.
.ospcrs|b|||t|os yp|c.| .oscJ.co s|c.t.gos |rc|JJo t..rspc.t, |r.Jo,J.to bJJgots |c. .Jrr|rg
ccsts, ccnpJto.s, sc|t...o .rJ ccnnJr|c.t|crs o,J|pnort .p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort .|t|cJt
t|o p.cv|s|cr c| .oscJ.cos .||| bo |ro||oct|vo
Who is invoIved1
A|| st.ko|c|Jo.s .||| rooJ tc |.vo t|o|. c.p.c|ty Jovo|cpoJ tc org.go |r t|o .pp.c.c| |rsJ.|rg
t|o sJst.|r.b|||ty c| t|o .pp.c.c| |r t|o |crgo. to.n .||| .o,J|.o t|o |Jort|||c.t|cr c| c.g.r|s.t|crs
.rJ |rJ|v|JJ.|s .|t| t|o n.rJ.to .rJ |rto.ost tc c...y t|o .c.k |c....J, .rJ t|o c.o.t|cr c|
t|o rocoss..y |Jn.r, |rst|tJt|cr.| .rJ c.g.r|s.t|cr.| c.p.c|t|os |.t|cr.| c. |rto.noJ|.to |ovo|
c.g.r|s.t|crs sJc| .s Jr|vo.s|t|os c. .JJ|t oJJc.t|cr cort.os .||| p.cv|Jo . v.|J.b|o .oscJ.co,
p..t|cJ|..|y |c. t..|r|rg
ll5
7ips and tricks
Scno c.p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort, p..t|cJ|..|y .t ccnnJr|ty |ovo|, |s c...|oJ cJt by t|o |.c|||t.t|cr
to.n
||s |s .r |Jo.| cppc.tJr|ty |c. cr t|o cb t..|r|rg c| st.|| |.cn . ..rgo c| st.ko|c|Jo.s
|t |s Jr.o.||st|c tc .ssJno t|.t t|o boro||ts c| p.coct .o|.toJ c.p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort .||| |.st
|rJo||r|to|y, |c.ovo. t|c.cJg|
|c. |rst|tJt|cr.| c|.rgo tc bo ||.n|y .rc|c.oJ .rJ tc boccno |J||y sJst.|r.b|o, . |..no.c.k
|c. crgc|rg c.p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort n.y rooJ tc bo Jovo|cpoJ |r p..tro.s||p .|t| spoc|.||st
c.g.r|s.t|crs
.p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort nJst bo oxp||c|t|y |Jort|||oJ .rJ sJppc.toJ |r bJJgot|rg .rJ
.oscJ.co .||cc.t|cr |rJo.|JrJ|rg c| c.p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort JJ.|rg c. pcstp.coct |s
ccnncr|y c|toJ .s . .o.scr |c. |crgo.to.n |.||J.o
More information
.p.c|ty |ovo|cpnort pc.t.| |ttp//...c.p.c|tyc.g/
|||| .p.c|ty |ovo|cpnort S|to |ttp//...c.p.c|tyJrJpc.g/
ll6
^vrr riir_
A...oross ..|s|rg |s . b.c.J tcp|c, .||c| t.kos p|.co |r .|ncst ovo.y .spoct c| |np.cv|rg
..to. gcvo.r.rco, .s |ssJos ..o b.cJg|t tc t|o .ttort|cr c| ro. pocp|o, .rJ ro. ..ys c|
JrJo.st.rJ|rg ..to. |ssJos boccno .ccoptoJ .rJ .ctoJ cr ||s tcc| cJt||ros scno goro..|
not|cJc|cg|c.| .pp.c.c|os A...oross ..|s|rg |s ossort|.| tc t|o sJccoss c| st.ko|c|Jo.
J|.|cgJo .s |csto.oJ by t|o |V|O\||S .pp.c.c|
||||o.ort |ovo|s c| ....oross .bcJt J|||o.ort .spocts c| ..to. .oscJ.cos, ..to. so.v|cos .rJ ..to.
gcvo.r.rco ..o rooJoJ by J|||o.ort st.ko|c|Jo.s, JoporJ|rg Jpcr t|o|. ..o. c| .ospcrs|b|||ty
|o |c||c.|rg ..o.s c| krc.|oJgo c.r bo |Jort|||oJ
||g|ts, .c|os .rJ .ospcrs|b|||t|os c| .ctc.s |rvc|voJ |r ..to. .oscJ.co n.r.gonort .rJ ..to.
so.v|co Jo||vo.y ||s s|cJ|J |rc|JJo b.s|c krc.|oJgo c| t|o |og.| |..no.c.k gcvo.r|rg
..to. .oscJ.cos .rJ ..to. so.v|cos
|JrJ.nort.|s c| ..to. .oscJ.cos .rJ ..to. so.v|cos |c. t|oy .c.k, .|.t ..o t|o
|npc.t.rt ||rk.gos, .|.t |s t|o pctort|.| |c., .rJ ||n|ts tc, ..to. Jovo|cpnort
V.ry n.to.|.|s c.r bo Jso|J| |c. ....oross ..|s|rg, |rc|JJ|rg (bJt rct ||n|toJ tc)
\|Joc .rJ \
|.J|c
|cpJ|.. t|o.t.o
|c.n.| oJJc.t|cr .rJ t..|r|rg
bccks .rJ p.np||ots
|xc|.rgo v|s|ts
\c.ks|cps
..|r|rg n.to.|.|s ..o ccst|y tc Jovo|cp .rJ c.|| |c. spoc|.||st krc.|oJgo \|o.o pcss|b|o Jso
ox|st|rg n.to.|.|s ..|r|rg .|sc c.||s |c. spoc|.||st sk|||s, ospoc|.||y .|or .c.k|rg .|t| .JJ|ts
Methods
VJc| ....oross ..|s|rg .||| bo p.cv|JoJ by t|o |.c|||t.t|cr to.n, .rJ by st.ko|c|Jo.s .c.k|rg .s
. to.n |c.ovo., scno ....oross ..|s|rg .o,J|.os t|o Jso c| cJts|Jo spoc|.||sts c. |rst|tJt|crs
||s |s nc.o ||ko|y .|or t|o to.n |.s |Jort|||oJ spoc|||c ..o.s .|o.o ....oross rooJs tc bo
..|soJ St.ko|c|Jo.s t|onso|vos n.y |Jort||y ..o.s .|o.o t|oy |oo| t|o|. krc.|oJgo |s .o.k .rJ
t||s |s .||oct|rg t|o|. .b|||ty tc .ct |c. ox.np|o, t|o ..y t|.t pcc. s.r|t.t|cr c. |.ck c| |yg|oro
.||octs g.cJrJ..to. ,J.||ty n.y bo ||tt|o krc.r c. JrJo.stccJ A...oross ..|s|rg, p..t|cJ|..|y
Ob|ectives
c |rc.o.so krc.|oJgo c| koy ..to. .o|.toJ |ssJos .ncrgst st.ko|c|Jo.s sc t|.t t|oy c.r p|.y .
p.cJJct|vo .c|o |r st.ko|c|Jo. J|.|cgJo
c ..|so st.ko|c|Jo. ....oross (p..t|cJ|..|y .ncrg ..to. Jso.s) c| t|o|. .|g|ts .|t| .og..J tc ..to.
c ..|so t|o .b|||ty c| .|| st.ko|c|Jo.s .b|||ty tc n.ko o||oct|vo Jso c| ..to. .o|.toJ |r|c.n.t|cr
ll7
.t ccnnJr|ty |ovo|, ccJ|J bo t|.cJg| . ccnb|r.t|cr c| t..gotoJ oJJc.t|cr (||g|||g|t|rg |c.
ox.np|o, |ovo|s c| c|||J J|...|co.), noJ|. c.np.|grs .rJ t|o Jovo|cpnort c| ccnnJr|ty
c|.np|crs tc p|croo. c|.rgo
Scno o|onorts c| oJJc.t|cr .rJ ....oross ..o goro.|c, bJt scno ..o spoc|||c tc t|o p..t|cJ|..
ccrtoxt c| o.c| |cc.t|cr .rJ ..o |Jort|||oJ JJ.|rg t|o p.ccoss c| t|o |V|O\||S .pp.c.c|
Coro.|c o|onorts s|cJ|J bo |rc|JJoJ .|t||r t|o st.JctJ.o c| t|o |c.n.| .rJ |r|c.n.| .ct|v|t|os
t|.t |c.n t|o b.s|s c| t|o n.r.gonort cyc|o AJ|cc o|onorts .o|y cr t|o |.c|||t.t|cr to.n
|.v|rg gccJ cvo.v|o. c| krc.|oJgo .rJ |r|c.n.t|cr .oscJ.cos .s .o|| .s t|o ||r.rc|.| .oscJ.cos
tc noot spoc|||c ..o.s c| rooJ
7ips and tricks
|t |s .Jv|s.b|o tc ,J.||ty ccrt.c| |r|c.n.t|cr bo|c.o onb..k|rg cr .r ....oross
..|s|rg c.np.|gr tc .vc|J t|o .|sk t|.t t|o c.np.|gr .||| po.potJ.to nyt|s c. sp.o.J
p.cp.g.rJ.
|o..r|rg c.||s |c. .r |rpJt c| t|no .rJ o||c.t |ocp|o n.ko t||s cr|y .|or t|o boro||ts
cJt.o|g| t|o ccsts
|o Jso c| ....oross ..|s|rg .rJ oJJc.t|cr n.to.|.|s s|cJ|J bo c..o|J||y t.||c.oJ tc t|o
rooJs c| spoc|||c |rJ|v|JJ.|s .rJ g.cJps .ncrg t|o st.ko|c|Jo.s
More information
|o.o ..o n.ry .oscJ.cos cr||ro .o|.t|rg tc ..to., ..rg|rg |.cn oJJc.t|cr.| n.to.|.|s tc
.Jvcc.cy p.cks |o || |on.t|c Ovo.v|o. |.po. cr AJvcc.cy g|vos . gccJ ort.y pc|rt |c.
goro..| .Jvcc.cy .o|.toJ t|onos
|ttp//...|.cr|/ccrtort/Jc.r|c.J/2630/2835/|||o/.Jvcc.cypJ|
o..|JrJ |.s pJb||s|oJ .Jvcc.cy gJ|Jo||ros AJvcc.cy .rJ \.to. A p..ct|c.| CJ|Jo, |r 2001 |t
c.r bo .ccossoJ .t
|ttp//t||.to..|JrJc.g/.obJccs/||./cp|cs/Ot|o.20.Jvcc.cy20t..|r|rg20n.to.|.|s/
AJv..to.||C_|J||20JccpJ|
\.to.A|J |.s .r .Jvcc.cy scJ.cobcck t|.t |rc|JJos scno Jso|J| tcc|s |c. ox.np|o |c. .r.|ys|rg
pc.o. .o|.t|crs||ps, .rJ |c. p.cb|on .r.|ys|s |c.r|c.J |.cn
|ttp//.....to..|Jc.g/Jk/.|.t_.o_Jc/pc||cy_.rJ_.oso..c|/.Jvcc.cy/Jo|.J|t.sp
Who is invoIved1
A|ncst ovo.ycro s|cJ|J bo |rvc|voJ |r scno .spoct c| ....oross ..|s|rg St.ko|c|Jo.s s|cJ|J
bo |rvc|voJ |r c|ccs|rg tcp|c ..o.s .|o.o ....oross ..|s|rg |s rooJoJ, .rJ |r ....oross ..|s|rg
oxo.c|sos
ll8
Fciliccicr
|.c|||t.t|cr |s t|o p.ccoss c| sJppc.t|rg .rJ gJ|J|rg g.cJp p.ccossos, tc |o|p t|o g.cJp .rJ
|rJ|v|JJ.|s .|c c|r |t tc .c||ovo t|o|. g.cJp gc.|s
\c.ks|cp |.c|||t.t|cr |s Jos|groJ tc |o|p t|cso |rvc|voJ |r . noot|rg c. so.|os c| noot|rgs,
noot t|o|. cboct|vos |o |.c|||t.tc. .||| |ccJs cr orsJ.|rg t|.t .|| t|cso .ttorJ|rg |oo| .b|o
tc ccrt.|bJto, t|.t .|| pc|rts c| v|o. ..o |o..J .rJ rctoJ .rJ t|.t ccrc|Js|crs ..o J...r .rJ
.occ.JoJ
|.ccoss |.c|||t.t|cr orsJ.os t|.t . .|c|o p.ccoss (t|.t |tso|| |rc|JJos .c.ks|cps .rJ noot|rgs)
|Jrct|crs |o |.c|||t.tc.s cb |o.o |s nc.o c|.||org|rg, |rvc|v|rg st.ko|c|Jo. |Jort|||c.t|cr,
to.n bJ||J|rg, ccr|||ct .osc|Jt|cr, JccJnort|rg t|o p.ccoss, .rJ |o|p|rg st.ko|c|Jo.s tc .ct
cr cJtccnos \|t|cJt ||g| ,J.||ty p.ccoss |.c|||t.t|cr, t|o |V|O\||S .pp.c.c| |s Jr||ko|y tc
sJccooJ, s|rco t|o |.c|||t.tc. |o|ps st.ko|c|Jo.s tc .JJ.oss .rJ cvo.ccno |rov|t.b|o c|.||orgos,
.|t|cJt t.y|rg tc sJbst|tJto t|onso|vos |c. st.ko|c|Jo.s (.|c c.r t|o p.ccoss)
|r t|o |V|O\||S ccrtoxt, |.c|||t.t|cr .o|o.s |r p..t|cJ|.. tc t|o g.cJp c| sk|||s .rJ .ct|v|t|os
.o,J|.oJ tc n.|rt.|r t|o J|.|cgJo p.ccoss, .rJ |rJ|v|JJ.| ccnpcrorts c| |t p..t|cJ|..|y
noot|rgs .rJ .c.ks|cps
Sk|||oJ |.c|||t.tc.s ..o |rJ|v|JJ.|s .|c ..o .b|o by t|o|. .ct|crs tc J... st.ko|c|Jo.s |rtc .
p.cJJct|vo p.ccoss, .rJ tc n.|rt.|r t|o|. |rto.ost .rJ p..t|c|p.t|cr
\|||o t|o.o ..o tcc|s .rJ not|cJs tc |o|p |r |.c|||t.t|cr, gccJ |.c|||t.t|cr |s .|sc .r ..t, .o,J|.|rg
t|o |Jn.r ,J.||t|os c| sors|t|v|ty, c.o.t|v|ty .rJ ||ox|b|||ty A |.c|||t.tc. rooJs t|o .b|||ty tc bo
p.t|ort, tc ||stor, tc bo J|p|cn.t|c, .rJ tc noJ|.to ccr|||ct, .s .o|| .s bo|rg . gccJ c.g.r|so. |c.
t|o .|Jo. p.ccoss tc bo sJccoss|J|, |t |s c.Jc|.| t|.t st.ko|c|Jo.s |oo| t|.t t|oy c.r t|o p.ccoss
.rJ t|o Joc|s|crs t|.t t|oy t.ko |t |s rct, t|o.o|c.o, . |.c|||t.tc.s .c|o tc n.ko Joc|s|crs, bJt tc
gJ|Jo st.ko|c|Jo.s tc n.ko .o|| |r|c.noJ Joc|s|crs |c. t|onso|vos
|.c|||t.t|cr |s p..t|cJ|..|y |npc.t.rt |r noJ|.t|rg J|||o.orcos bot.oor st.ko|c|Jo.s .|ot|o. .|c|
.rJ pcc., .cnor .rJ nor, oJJc.toJ .rJ ||||to..to, pc.o.|J| .rJ |oss sc
Ob|ectives
c orsJ.o t|.t t|o cvo..|| p.ccoss |s |np|onortoJ |r .r o||oct|vo .rJ p..t|c|p.tc.y n.rro.
c orsJ.o t|.t J|.|cgJo |s n.|rt.|roJ .rJ t|.t ccr|||ct .rJ J|s.g.oonort Jc rct cbst.Jct
p.cg.oss
c orsJ.o t|.t .|| st.ko|c|Jo.s ..o .b|o tc t.ko p..t |r . no.r|rg|J| ..y
ll9
A |.c|||t.tc. |c. t|o |V|O\||S .pp.c.c| rooJs .ccoss tc . .|Jo ..rgo c| spoc|.||st toc|r|c.|
krc.|oJgo, .rJ .t t|o s.no t|no .r .b|||ty tc orccJ..go pocp|o tc J|scJss |ssJos .|t|cJt t|o
p.ccoss bo|rg Jo..||oJ by ccr|||ct, .rJ tc |o|p pocp|o |cck .t |ssJos |.cn v..|cJs .rg|os .rJ tc
.o|g| J|||o.ort sc|Jt|crs Oro ossort|.| |.c|||t.tc. sk||| |s tc |o|p o.c| st.ko|c|Jo. tc soo |c.
|ssJos .ppo.. tc ct|o. st.ko|c|Jo.s, .rJ .t |o.st tc JrJo.st.rJ t||s po.spoct|vo, ovor || t|oy Jc
rct .g.oo c. .pp.cvo c| |t
||s c|.pto. ccrt.|rs sovo..| tcc|s tc st.JctJ.o .rJ sJppc.t |.c|||t.t|cr |o o||oct|voross c| t|o
tcc|s JoporJs tc . |..go oxtort cr . |.c|||t.tc.s .b|||ty tc JrJo.st.rJ st.ko|c|Jo. ccrco.rs .rJ
tc c.o.to .r .tncsp|o.o t|.t |s ccrJJc|vo tc nJtJ.| oxc|.rgos c| oxpo.|orco, .rJ t|.t |o.Js
tc ||ox|b|||ty
Methods
|o stops Josc.|boJ |o.o ..o rct ||stoJ |r c.Jo., .s t|oy ..o rct rocoss..||y so,Jort|.| b.o.k|rg
t|o |co n|g|t bo t|o ||.st t||rg t|.t . |.c|||t.tc. Jcos, bJt t|o.o n.y bo . p.op...tc.y po.|cJ
c| bJ||J|rg Jp .o|.t|crs||ps .|t| t|cso .|c ..o soor .s koy st.ko|c|Jo.s |r t|o p.ccoss
|ccJnort|rg t|o p.ccoss p.cb.b|y t.kos p|.co .t ovo.y st.go
8uiIding a reIationship
VJtJ.| t.Jst .rJ .ospoct .|t| st.ko|c|Jo.s |s . ||.st .o,J|.onort ||s c.||s |c. t|o .b|||ty tc
ccnnJr|c.to cpor|y .rJ o||oct|vo|y, .rJ tc .on.|r |rJoporJort .rJ rct t.ko s|Jos S|rco.o
cJ.|cs|ty, |r t|o sorso c| ..rt|rg tc krc. nc.o .bcJt st.ko|c|Jo.s .rJ t|o |ssJos t|.t ..o
|npc.t.rt tc t|on, |o|ps tc bJ||J . .o|.t|crs||p
IaciIitating diaIogue
|ocp|o cpor Jp .|or t|oy |oo| t.Jst, .rJ .|or t|oy |oo| ct|o. pocp|o ..o ||stor|rg
|rccJ..g|rg pocp|o tc t.|k .rJ ||stor tc o.c| ct|o. |s . sk||| t|.t p.ys J|v|JorJs, .|or pocp|o
st..t tc ccnnJr|c.to |.c|||t.t|rg J|.|cgJo no.rs bJ||J|rg |oo||rgs c| .ospoct, .rJ t||s |rc|JJos
ovo.yt||rg |.cn t|o ..y t|.t st.ko|c|Jo.s ..o |rt.cJJcoJ tc o.c| ct|o., tc t|o ..y t|.t |.cotc
|.co noot|rgs ..o c.g.r|soJ, t|o ..y t|.t .ctc.s ..o t.o.toJ bot.oor noot|rgs, .rJ c| ccJ.so
t|o ..y |r .||c| J|.|cgJo |s .ctJ.||y ccrJJctoJ
Summarising a process of diaIogue
At .ogJ|.. |rto.v.|s sJnn..|os s|c.|rg .|o.o t|o J|.|cgJo |.s .o.c|oJ .||| |o|p pocp|o tc
koop t..ck c| .|.t |.s boor s.|J .rJ tc p.op..o |c. Joc|s|cr n.k|rg St.ko|c|Jo.s rooJ t|no
JJ.|rg .rJ bot.oor noot|rgs tc J|scJss |ssJos .ncrg t|onso|vos
Documenting the process
V.|rt.|r|rg gccJ .occ.Js c| koy stops |r t|o p.ccoss (n|rJtos c| noot|rgs, otc) .rJ .ogJ|..|y
s|..|rg t|oso .|t| st.ko|c|Jo.s |o|ps tc n.|rt.|r . sorso c| p.cg.oss .rJ ccr||Jorco |r t|o
p.ccoss |o.. .opc.t|rg |o|ps tc p.ovort ccr|Js|cr .rJ orsJ.o t|.t J|.|cgJo gcos |c....J
..t|o. t|.r gc|rg b.ck cvo. c|J g.cJrJ
l20
8reaking the ice
|ocp|o .|c Jcrt krc. o.c| ct|o. .o||, c. .|c |.vo |ssJos c| ||o...c|y, ccr|||ct c. pctort|.|
ccr|||ct n.y ||rJ |t J||||cJ|t tc st..t tc ccnnJr|c.to o||oct|vo|y .|t| o.c| ct|o. |r .c.ks|cps
c. ct|o. sott|rgs |cob.o.ko.s ..o s|c.t g.nos c. .ct|v|t|os t|.t |o|p tc b.o.k Jc.r pocp|os
.oso.vo .rJ |o|p ccnnJr|c.t|cr tc st..t A|t|cJg| t|oy n.y soon c|||J|s|, t|oy |o|p pocp|o
.|c Jc rct krc. o.c| ct|o. .o|| tc soo t|o ct|o.s .s |Jn.r bo|rgs, .rJ tc s|..o scnot||rg
t|.t |s Jrt|.o.tor|rg |t |s . n..k c| ccr||Jort .rJ n.tJ.o |.c|||t.tc.s t|.t t|oy krc. |c. tc Jso
|cob.o.ko.s o||oct|vo|y .rJ .|t|cJt onb....ssnort
7ips and tricks
Opor ,Jost|crs orccJ..go st.ko|c|Jo.s tc g|vo |r|c.n.t|cr, .|||o c|csoJ c. |o.J|rg
,Jost|crs |rv|to p.oJ|ct.b|o .ospcrsos \|.t |.ppors .|or ycJ .pp.c.c| t|o J|st.|ct
ccJrc||` |s .r cpor ,Jost|cr |c ycJ ||rJ t|o J|st.|ct ccJrc|| Jr|o|p|J|` |s . c|csoJ
,Jost|cr t|.t sJggosts cr|y t|o .rs.o., yos c. rc |t |s tonpt|rg tc .sk c|csoJ c. |o.J|rg
,Jost|crs, tc cbt.|r ,J|ck .rs.o.s c. tc orccJ..go pocp|o tc s.y t|o .|g|t t||rg |sJ.||y,
cpor ,Jost|crs ..o nc.o p.cJJct|vo
|r noot|rgs .rJ .c.ks|cps t|o.o n.y bo J|||o.orcos |r t|o ccr||Jorco .rJ .b|||ty c| .|c|
.rJ pcc. pocp|o, .cnor .rJ nor, c|||c|.|s .rJ |.y pocp|o tc spo.k cJt |.c|||t.tc.s rooJ
sors|t|v|ty tc p.ovort t.|k.t|vo pocp|o |.cn Jcn|r.t|rg . J|scJss|cr .|t|cJt c||orJ|rg
t|on, .rJ tc orccJ..go |oss t.|k.t|vo pocp|o tc spo.k Jp .|t|cJt onb....ss|rg t|onso|vos
.|k.t|vo pocp|o n.y bo g|vor . .c|o .s .r .Jv|sc. |c. |oss t.|k.t|vo pocp|o, . p.onoot|rg
c.r bo c.g.r|soJ, c. t|oy n.y bo |rv|toJ tc pJt |c....J .r cp|r|cr |r ..|t|rg |J.|rg
noot|rgs, v..|cJs toc|r|,Jos ox|st tc orsJ.o t|.t ovo.ycro |.s t|no .rJ sp.co tc spo.k
More information
|.c|||t.t|cr |s . |Jgo ||o|J, .rJ t|o.o ..o . n.ry J|||o.ort typos c| tcc|s t|.t c.r |o|p t|o
|.c|||t.tc. |o \.gor|rgor |r|vo.s|ty VJ|t|St.ko|c|Jo. ||.t|c.n |c.t.| |.s n.to.|.|s J|.oct|y
.v.||.b|o |c. Jc.r|c.J, .s .o|| .s ||rks tc n.ry ct|o. |.c|||t.tc. .oscJ.cos
|ttp//pc.t.|s.|.J.r|/nsp/
l2l
Ccrflicc rr_rrc
cr|||ct |s nc.o t|.r . J|s.g.oonort |t ..|sos .|or pocp|o po.co|vo . t|.o.t tc t|o|. .o||
bo|rg (p|ys|c.|, onct|cr.|, pc.o., st.tJs, otc) cr|||ct c.r bo JrJo.stccJ .s |.v|rg |ts .ccts
|r J|s.g.oonort .|o.o p..t|os po.co|vo . t|.o.t tc t|o|. rooJs, |rto.osts c. ccrco.rs \.to.
n.r.gonort .rJ ..to. so.v|co Jo||vo.y ..o ccnp|ox .rJ c|tor pc||t|c|soJ systons |rvc|v|rg
. g.o.t n.ry st.ko|c|Jo.s .|t| J|||o.ort, c|tor ccr|||ct|rg, .gorJ.s |r .JJ|t|cr, t|o c|.rgo
p.ccossos |rvc|voJ |r |np.cv|rg gcvo.r.rco ..o t|onso|vos |.o,Jort|y . scJ.co c| .os|st.rco
.rJ ccr|||ct, .s pocp|o .rJ |rst|tJt|crs |oo| t|.t t|o|. |rto.osts ..o t|.o.toroJ
cr|||ct |s c|tor soor .s . pJ.o|y rog.t|vo o|onort |r . c|.rgo p.ccoss c. .t |o.st cro .|t|
. st.crg rog.t|vo pctort|.| |c.ovo., .|t| gccJ |.c|||t.t|cr, .rJ scno |Jck, pctort|.| ccr|||ct
c.r bo c|.rro||oJ c. t..rs|c.noJ tc boccno . pc.o.|J| .gort |c. c|.rgo |o s.no onct|crs
.rJ |oo||rgs c| t|.o.t t|.t c.r |o.J tc ccr|||ct c.r .|sc |o|p pocp|o .rJ g.cJps tc c|..||y t|o|.
t|cJg|ts .rJ |o.J tc . g.o.to. JrJo.st.rJ|rg c| ct|o. v|o.pc|rts .rJ |rto.osts
|..t|c|p.rts |r ccr|||ct torJ tc .ospcrJ cr t|o b.s|s c| t|o|. po.copt|crs, ..t|o. t|.r . nc.o
cboct|vo .ov|o. c| t|o s|tJ.t|cr |ocp|o .|sc |||to. t|o|. po.copt|crs (.rJ .o.ct|crs) t|.cJg| t|o|.
v.|Jos, cJ|tJ.o, bo||o|s, |r|c.n.t|cr, oxpo.|orco, gorJo., .rJ ct|o. v..|.b|os cr|||ct .ospcrsos
..o t|o.o|c.o ||||oJ .|t| |Jo.s .rJ |oo||rgs t|.t c.r boccno st.crg .rJ pc.o.|J| gJ|Jos tc cJ.
sorso c| pcss|b|o sc|Jt|crs
cr|||ct |s . rc.n.| oxpo.|orco .|t||r rogct|.t|cr .rJ c|.rgo p.ccossos c . |..go Jog.oo,
ccr|||ct |s p.oJ|ct.b|o .rJ r.tJ..| .|or .o s|gr|||c.rt|y |rvost |r ccnp|ox .rJ st.oss|J| p.cocts
|| st.ko|c|Jo.s .rJ |.c|||t.tc.s tcgot|o. Jovo|cp p.ccoJJ.os |c. .rt|c|p.t|rg ||ko|y ccr|||cts, .rJ
systons by .||c| t|oy c.r bo ccrst.Jct|vo|y n.r.goJ, t|oy n.y J|sccvo. cppc.tJr|t|os tc
t..rs|c.n ccr|||ct |rtc p.cJJct|vo |o..r|rg oxpo.|orcos
.o.t|vo p.cb|onsc|v|rg st..tog|os ..o ossort|.| tc pcs|t|vo .pp.c.c|os tc ccr|||ct n.r.gonort
tc orto.t.|r ro. pcss|b|||t|os t|.t |.vo boor o|Js|vo
Ob|ectives
c |Jort||y .rJ JrJo.st.rJ t|o pctort|.| |c. ccr|||ct, .rJ tc Jso |t |c. pcs|t|vo ..t|o. t|.r
rog.t|vo orJs
c .osc|vo ccr|||cts bot.oor st.ko|c|Jo.s .rJ, .|o.o .pp.cp.|.to, .o.c| . ccrsorsJs c. .t |o.st
. pcs|t|cr .g.oo.b|o tc t|o n.c.|ty c| st.ko|c|Jo.s
l22
|o koy .oscJ.co |c. ccr|||ct .osc|Jt|cr |s . ||g| ,J.||ty |.c|||t.tc. .|c JrJo.st.rJs ccr|||ct
n.r.gonort, .rJ Jovo|cps . t|c.cJg| krc.|oJgo c| t|o |rto.osts .rJ po.copt|crs c|
st.ko|c|Jo.s
Methods
cr|||ct n.r.gonort .rJ noJ|.t|cr |s . b.c.J ..o. t|.t c.rrct bo Josc.|boJ s|np|y .s . tcc|
|c.ovo., . rJnbo. c| koy stops c.r bo |Jort|||oJ |r n.ry .pp.c.c|os tc ccr|||ct .osc|Jt|cr
Step 1: |o||ro t|o J|s.g.oonort c. ccr|||ct || Jo||roJ cboct|vo|y, ccr|||ct c.r |o.J pocp|o tc
.g.oo \o rooJ . ro. ..y c| Jc|rg t||rgs, t|o c|J ..y |.s |.||oJ|| t.c s|Jos c.r Jo||ro .|.t
t|oy ..o ||g|t|rg .bcJt, t|o c|.rcos |rc.o.so c| c|..||y|rg .ry n|spo.copt|crs
Step 2: |opo.scr.||so t|o ccr|||ct .y tc ncvo ycJ .g.|rst no, tc...Js ycJ .rJ no .g.|rst
t|o p.cb|on |c. ox.np|o, rct |..|g.tc.s vo.sJs ||vostcck koopo.s, bJt ..to. Jso.s |.c|rg .
p.cb|on c| |.ck c| ..to. O|tor .|r.|r sc|Jt|crs c.r bo |Jort|||oJ t|.cJg| .oox.n|r|rg t|o
p.cb|on |vor || t|o.o ..o rc po.|oct sc|Jt|crs, JrJo.st.rJ|rg t|.t |t |s t|o p.cb|on t|.t |s t|o
p.cb|on c.r |o.J tc . g.o.to. .ccopt.rco c| .o|.t|vo |cssos .rJ g.|rs
Step 3: |ccJs cr ccnncr.||t|os rct J|||o.orcos |Jort||y s|..oJ ccrco.rs c| p..t|os tc t|o
ccr|||ct ..t|o. t|.r |ccJs|rg cr t|o J|s.g.oonorts
Step 4: |so J|.|cgJo ..t|o. t|.r ..gJnort cr|||cts osc.|.to .|or p..t|os t.|k nc.o t|.r ||stor,
.rJ ||stor cr|y .s t|nocJt |c. vo.b.| .o..n|rg ||stor|rg .o|| |s . sk||| |rto.|rg |rtc J|.|cgJo
no.rs .sk|rg ,Jost|crs tc Joopor ycJ. JrJo.st.rJ|rg c| .rct|o. pc|rt c| v|o. ..t|o. t|.r
s|c.|rg t|o ct|o. t|o o..c. c| t|o|. ..ys
Step 5: |Jort||y roJt..| sp.cos .rJ noJ|.tc.s \|or ccr|||ct |.s cccJ..oJ, p..t|cJ|..|y ||rkoJ tc
. spoc|||c orv|.crnort (c|||co, J|st.|ct otc), |t |s |npc.t.rt t|.t noJ|.t|cr t.kos p|.co scno.|o.o
t|.t |s |o|t tc bo roJt..| by bct| s|Jos .rJ ...y |.cn t|o orv|.crnort c| ccr|||ct |t |s |npc.t.rt
t|.t noJ|.t|cr |s cvo.soor by scnocro soor tc |.vo rc st.ko |r t|o c.|g|r.| J|s.g.oonort +cJ
c.rrct oxpoct . nonbo. c| |cc.| gcvo.rnort st.|| tc noJ|.to . ccr|||ct bot.oor v|||.go.s .rJ
|cc.| gcvo.rnort!
Step 6: St..t .|t| .|.ts Jc.b|o |rJ|rg ccr|||ct c.rrct .|..ys bo Jcro ,J|ck|y || |t tcck . |crg
t|no |c. t|o J|spJto tc bog|r, |t .||| t.ko t|no tc orJ |t \c.k cr cro sn.|| Jc.b|o p.cb|on ..t|o.
t|.r cr n.ry |..go cJ..ort|y |..osc|v.b|o |ssJos
l23
More information
||s .pp.c.c| |.s boor .J.ptoJ |.cn cr|||ct .osc|Jt|cr |r r|ro o.sy stops Soo t|o C|cb.|
|ovo|cpnort |oso..c| orto. .obs|to .t
|ttp//...gJ.cc.g/Joc|s|cr/ccr|||ct.osc||tn|
\o |.vo .|sc JsoJ n.to.|.| |.cn t|o ccr|||ct .osc|Jt|cr p.gos c| t|o c|||co c| |Jn.r .oscJ.co
Jovo|cpnort c| t|o |r|vo.s|ty c| \|sccrs|rV.J|scr
|ttp//...c|.J.|scoJJ/cr||rot..|r|rg/.osc|Jt|cr/.bcJt.|.t|s|t|tn".|.t|sccr|||ct
Ot|o. scJ.cos cr ccr|||ct .osc|Jt|cr |rc|JJo
|o cr|||ct |osc|Jt|cr |r|c.n.t|cr ScJ.co . ||st c| ||rks tc |J.t|o. n.to.|.|s
|ttp//...c.|r|cc.g/
|o cr|||ct |oso..c| crsc.t|Jn c| t|o |r|vo.s|ty c| c|c..Jc
|ttp//ccr|||ctcc|c..JcoJJ
\.to.rot |s . .obs|to cr t|o .c|o c| ..to. |r ccr|||ct .rJ cccpo..t|cr, .|t| onp|.s|s cr t|o
|s..o|||.|ost|r|.r ..to. ccr|||ct .rJ t|o 'c.J.r .|vo. b.s|r, .|t| ccrs|Jo..b|o n.to.|.| cr||ro
|ttp//.....to.rotbo/
l24
Jccl fcr rcriccrir_
l25
|criccrir_ rc \lOcicr
Vcr|tc.|rg |s t|o p.ccoss .|o.oby |r|c.n.t|cr .bcJt ..to. .oscJ.cos .rJ ..to. sJpp|y so.v|cos
|s cc||octoJ, c|ockoJ .rJ .r.|ysoJ |r c.Jo. tc orsJ.o t|.t t|oy ..o |Jrct|cr|rg .s |rtorJoJ
.rJ bo|rg JsoJ sJst.|r.b|y Vcr|tc.|rg |s .r crgc|rg p.ccoss |v.|J.t|cr |s . nc.o po.|cJ|c
oxo.c|so .||c| .ssossos .|ot|o. cboct|vos ..o bo|rg not, c|tor .g.|rst c.|to.|. c| o||oct|voross
.rJ o|||c|orcy Vcr|tc.|rg |s .|sc t|o b.s|s c| |o..r|rg .rJ .J.pt.t|cr .s |osscrs |o..rt |.cn
o||oct|vo ncr|tc.|rg .||c. |JtJ.o c|.rgos tc bo |Jort|||oJ Vcr|tc.|rg c.r cc||oct bct| |..J
J.t. (.|ot|o. c. rct systons ..o .c.k|rg) .rJ/c. ,J.||t.t|vo J.t. (.|ot|o. pocp|o ..o s.t|s||oJ,
.|ot|o. bo|.v|cJ. |s c|.rg|rg)
Vcr|tc.|rg |.s . c.Jc|.| .c|o |r t|o |V|O\||S cyc|o \|or st.ko|c|Jo.s t.ko co.t.|r .ct|crs
tc .c||ovo t|o|. v|s|cr, |t |s ossort|.| tc ncr|tc. .rJ .ssoss t|o |np.ct A.o t|o Jos|.oJ |np.cts
bo|rg .c||ovoJ` || sc, c.r t|o .pp.c.c| bo .op||c.toJ o|so.|o.o` || rct, c.r .onoJ|.| .ct|crs bo
t.kor c. s|cJ|J t|o .ct|v|ty bo stcppoJ
|o |Jort|||c.t|cr c| t|o .|g|t |rJ|c.tc.s |s cort..| tc ncr|tc.|rg .|ot|o. .r .ct|cr |s |.v|rg
. Jos|.oJ o||oct |o ncrt||y |cJso|c|J ..to. b||| |s .r |rJ|c.tc. |c. |c. nJc| ..to. |s bo|rg
JsoJ, |rc|Jorco c| J|...|co.| J|so.sos |s . gccJ |rJ|c.tc. |c. t|o |np.ct c| . |yg|oro bo|.v|cJ.
c|.rgo p.cg..nno A ncr|tc.|rg |..no.c.k s|cJ|J bo Jos|groJ |c. o.c| s|gr|||c.rt .ct|cr tc
.||c. p.cg.oss .rJ sJccoss tc bo ncr|tc.oJ
|.cb|ons bosot n.ry ncr|tc.|rg .rJ ov.|J.t|cr p.cg..nnos .||c| ..o JrJo..oscJ.coJ c.
rct .o|| sot Jp
Methods
Vcr|tc.|rg n.y bo |c.n.| c. |r|c.n.|, ,J.||t.t|vo c. ,J.rt|t.t|vo A|| .pp.c.c|os |.vo . rJnbo.
c| koy o|onorts |r ccnncr
Step 1: |Jort||y |rJ|c.tc.s |.cb.b|y t|o s|rg|o ncst |npc.t.rt .spoct c| ncr|tc.|rg
.rJ pcss|b|y t|o ncst J||||cJ|t |rJ|c.tc.s nJst bo sJ|||c|ort|y .cbJst tc .||c. |np.ct tc bo
|Jort|||oJ .rJ .r.|ysoJ CccJ |rJ|c.tc.s s|cJ|J bo s|np|o tc cc||oct, ccsto||oct|vo tc ncr|tc.,
Jr.nb|gJcJs, .rJ c|o..|y ||rkoJ tc o|t|o. |o..r|rg c. .ct|cr |o gc|Jor .J|o |s rovo. tc cc||oct
|r|c.n.t|cr || t|o.o |s rc c|o.. Jso |c. |t!
Step 2: |Jort||y cc||oct|rg .rJ .opc.t|rg noc|.r|sns A c|o.. sot c| noc|.r|sns |s .o,J|.oJ tc
cc||oct, .occ.J, ,J.||ty ccrt.c| .rJ ccnnJr|c.to t|o .osJ|ts \|c s|cJ|J cc||oct |r|c.n.t|cr
Ob|ectives
c orsJ.o t|.t .ct|crs JrJo.t.kor ..o |.v|rg t|o |rtorJoJ .osJ|ts
c .||c. |c. . ccrt|rJcJs p.ccoss c| |o..r|rg .rJ .J.pt.t|cr b.soJ cr oxpo.|orco
c g.t|o. t|o rocoss..y |r|c.n.t|cr tc orsJ.o t|.t so.v|cos .rJ .oscJ.cos ..o JsoJ sJst.|r.b|y
l26
.bcJt koy |rJ|c.tc.s` |c. c|tor` \|.t s|cJ|J t|oy Jc .|t| t|o |r|c.n.t|cr` \|c s|cJ|J
.oco|vo t|o |r|c.n.t|cr .rJ |c.` |c. .||| t|o .osJ|ts bo J|scJssoJ .rJ .ctoJ cr`
Step 3: ||rk ncr|tc.|rg tc .ct|cr Vcr|tc.|rg s|cJ|J bo c|o..|y ||rkoJ tc .ct|cr \|or orJJso.s
..o .skoJ tc cc||oct .rJ .opc.t |r|c.n.t|cr, t|oy nJst soo .ct|cr .osJ|t|rg |.cn t|o|. o||c.ts ||s
c.r t.ko t|o |c.n c| toc|r|c|.rs ccn|rg tc .op.|. |.J|ty ..to. sJpp|y systons, c. c|.rgos |r
p.coct c. p.cg..nno Jos|gr
7ips and tricks
Vcr|tc.|rg .rJ ov.|J.t|cr (V|) p.cg..nnos s|cJ|J bo .o||.oscJ.coJ .|t| .Jo,J.to|y
p.|J .rJ .o|| nct|v.toJ st.||
V| p.cg..nnos rooJ ,J.||ty ccrt.c| p.ccoJJ.os .rJ J.t. n.r.gonort systons tc
orsJ.o t|.t |r|c.n.t|cr |s s|..oJ bot.oor st.ko|c|Jo.s
V| p.cg..nnos nJst Joncrst..to |rJoporJorco, ct|o..|so |r|c.n.t|cr n.y bo
n.r|pJ|.toJ tc |rJ|c.to . |ovo| c| po.|c.n.rco t|.t |.s rct boor .c||ovoJ
|rvc|v|rg so.v|co orJJso.s |r cc||oct|rg .rJ .r.|ys|rg J.t. orsJ.os c.ro.s||p .rJ c.r bo
.r |npc.t.rt p..t c| c.p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort
|rJ|c.tc.s n.y bo ,J.rt|t.t|vo c. ,J.||t.t|vo, bJt rooJ tc bo st.rJ..J|soJ tc .||c.
ccnp..|scrs bo|c.o .rJ .|to. |rto.vort|crs c. bot.oor |cc.t|crs |o |S tcc| Josc.|boJ
o..||o. |r t||s c|.pto. c.r ccrvo.t ,J.||t.t|vo |r|c.n.t|cr |rtc rJnbo.s |c. ccnp..|scr
More Information
\c.|J b.rk Vcr|tc.|rg .rJ |v.|J.t|cr |.gos
|ttp//....c.|Jb.rkc.g/|tn|/|pJ/..to./tcp|cs/no|tn|
Act|cr Vcr|tc.|rg |c. |||oct|voross tcc|k|t |c. ncr|tc.|rg |r t|o \.to. .rJ S.r|t.t|cr soctc.
|ttp//...|.cr|/p.go/1895
Who is invoIved1
|rvc|v|rg st.ko|c|Jo.s |r t|o Jovo|cpnort c| . ncr|tc.|rg |..no.c.k c.r bo .r |npc.t.rt p..t
c| Jovo|cp|rg t|o cvo..|| v|s|cr |c. .r |rto.vort|cr |o |c.n.| |.rgJ.go c| ncr|tc.|rg, .rJ t|o
|Jort|||c.t|cr c| |rJ|c.tc.s |o|p tc |ccJs cr koy Jos|.oJ |np.cts Ar.|ys|s c| ncr|tc.|rg cJtccnos
.rJ Joc|s|cr n.k|rg b.soJ cr t|o .osJ|ts s|cJ|J |rvc|vo .|| st.ko|c|Jo.s
l27
Erclrrlir_
borc|n..k|rg |s t|o p.ccoss by .||c| |rJ|v|JJ.|s .rJ/c. c.g.r|s.t|crs |Jort||y, ccnp..o,
.J.pt .rJ .Jcpt bost p..ct|cos .rJ p.ccossos |.cn ct|o. p.cocts c. c.g.r|s.t|crs .ry.|o.o
|r t|o .c.|J borc|n..ks ..o rJnbo.s, ..t|cs, .rJ po.|c.n.rco |rJ|c.tc.s t|.t |o|p .rs.o. t|o
,Jost|cr, \|.t .spocts c| ny c.g.r|s.t|crs po.|c.n.rco rooJs |np.cvonort` |o .|n |s |c.
t|o |rJ|v|JJ.| .rJ/c. c.g.r|s.t|cr tc |np.cvo t|o|. c.r po.|c.n.rco tc .o.c| t|o st.rJ..Js
t|.t ct|o.s |.vo .c||ovoJ
borc|n..k|rg |s . pc.o.|J| n.r.gonort tcc| boc.Jso |t cvo.ccnos p...J|gn b||rJross, bost
sJnnoJ Jp .s |o ..y .o Jc |t |s bost, boc.Jso t||s |s t|o ..y .ovo .|..ys Jcro t||rgs
borc|n..k|rg oxpcsos |rJ|v|JJ.|s .rJ c.g.r|s.t|crs tc ro. not|cJs, p.ccossos, |Jo.s .rJ
tcc|s t|.t |.vo t|o pctort|.| tc |np.cvo t|o|. o||oct|voross |t |o|ps c..ck t|.cJg| .os|st.rco
tc c|.rgo by Joncrst..t|rg t|.t t|o.o ..o not|cJs c| sc|v|rg p.cb|ons ct|o. t|.r t|o cro
cJ..ort|y onp|cyoJ, .rJ by Joncrst..t|rg t|.t t|oso .c.k .rJ ..o bo|rg JsoJ sJccoss|J||y by
ct|o.s borc|n..k|rg |s .bcJt |o..r|rg tc ost.b||s| p.|c.|t|os .rJ t..got p.ccoss |np.cvonorts
tc |np.cvo po.|c.n.rco, o||oct|voross .rJ cJtccnos |c. p.cocts .rJ p.cg..nnos
|o koy tc gccJ borc|n..k|rg |s tc |rvc|vo pocp|o .|t| . ||g| |ovo| c| krc.|oJgo .rJ
oxpo.|orco c| t|o p.ccossos, not|cJs .rJ sJccossos .rJ s|c.tccn|rgs c| t|o|. c.g.r|s.t|cr .rJ
p.cocts |oy s|cJ|J .|sc |.vo . gccJ JrJo.st.rJ|rg c| |r|c.n.| noc|.r|sns, p.ccossos .rJ
|rto..ct|crs (sJc| .s |c. .rJ .|y p.|c.|ty n|g|t bo g|vor tc .||cc.t|rg ..to. tc cro nJr|c|p.|
..o. ..t|o. t|.r .rct|o. Josp|to cpo..t|rg .J|os st.t|rg t|.t t|o.o s|cJ|J bo rc p.|c.|t|s.t|cr
c| .||cc.t|crs) borc|n..k|rg .o,J|.os c.ptJ.o .rJ c..o|J| .r.|ys|s c| gccJ ,J.||ty |r|c.n.t|cr
||s c|tor t.kos t|no .rJ .oscJ.cos
CccJ ,J.||ty, ,J.rt|t.t|vo .rJ ,J.||t.t|vo |r|c.n.t|cr |s c.Jc|.| tc borc|n..k|rg, b.soJ cr
. ||g||ovo| c| |crosty, cporross .rJ t..rsp..orcy .ncrgst .|| |rvc|voJ C|vor t|o ||g||y
pc||t|c.| r.tJ.o c| ..to. n.r.gonort, t||s c.r bo . n.c. c|.||orgo
Ob|ectives
|c. pocp|o .rJ c.g.r|s.t|crs tc syston.t|c.||y |o..r |.cn t|o oxpo.|orcos c| ct|o.s .rJ, ||
.pp.cp.|.to, tc |rst|g.to c|.rgo p.ccossos |r t|o|. c.r c.g.r|s.t|crs c. p.cocts
l28
Methods
Step 1: Sot .|ns .rJ sccpo |o||ro t|o .o.scrs |c. ccrs|Jo.|rg . borc|n..k|rg oxo.c|so, t|o
pcss|b|o sccpo c| t|o p.ccoss, t|o .ospcrs|b|||t|os c| t|cso |rvc|voJ .rJ .v.||.b|o .oscJ.cos ||s
.||| |o|p tc Joto.n|ro .|ot|o. . ccnp.o|ors|vo borc|n..k |r|t|.t|vo |s .o,J|.oJ c. .|ot|o.
t|o |r|c.n.t|cr c. |o..r|rg p.ccoss ccJ|J bo .c||ovoJ by ct|o. no.rs
Step 2: |Jort||y p..tro.(s) Oro pcss|b|||ty |s tc c|r . borc|n..k|rg rot.c.k Arct|o. |s
tc ost.b||s| . g.cJp c| s|n||.. c.g.r|s.t|crs .|t| .r |rto.ost |r Js|rg t|o borc|n..k|rg
toc|r|,Jo
Step 3: |Jort||y .r .pp.c.c| \c.k|rg .|t| p..tro.s, |Jort||y .rJ p|.r .r .pp.c.c| tc
borc|n..k|rg |rc|JJ|rg . .c.k p|.r, . sc|oJJ|o, |r|c.n.t|cr .o,J|.onorts, |rJ|c.tc.s tc bo
JsoJ .rJ .c|os .rJ .ospcrs|b|||t|os O.g.r|s.t|crs .c.k|rg tcgot|o. c.r .g.oo borc|n..ks .rJ
|rJ|c.tc.s tc .||c| t|oy ..o .|| ccnn|ttoJ
Step 4: |np|onort t|o p|.r Vcr|tc. t|o |rJ|c.tc.s .g.|rst .r .g.ooJ borc|n..k tc soo
|| Jos|.oJ st.rJ..Js |.vo boor .c||ovoJ |c. ox.np|o, t|o |rJ|c.tc. n.y bo tc .ospcrJ
p.cnpt|y tc ccnp|.|rts .bcJt so.v|cos |o borc|n..k n|g|t bo t|.t 90 c| ccnp|.|rts
|.vo boor s.t|s|.ctc.||y .JJ.ossoJ .|t||r cro J.y |.cg.oss .rJ cJtpJts s|cJ|J bo ncr|tc.oJ
ccrt|rJcJs|y .rJ, || rocoss..y, ncJ|||c.t|crs s|cJ|J bo n.Jo tc t|o .c.k p|.r .rJ |rJ|c.tc.s
c. borc|n..ks
Step 5: ||sson|r.to .rJ J|scJss .osJ|ts V.ko Joc|s|crs cr .|ot|o. t|o .osJ|ts c.r bo JsoJ .rJ
c. .J.ptoJ tc |np.cvo ycJ. c.g.r|s.t|cr c. p.coct V.ko sJ.o t|.t t|o J|scJss|cr |s cpor .rJ
|crost
7ips and tricks
borc|n..k|rg c.r bo JsoJ tc cvo.ccno .os|st.rco tc c|.rgo .|t||r .r c.g.r|s.t|cr
|t n.kos gccJ sorso tc borc|n..k .g.|rst c.g.r|s.t|crs c. p.cocts |r ct|o. soctc.s, .s
|rJ|v|JJ.|s .rJ c.g.r|s.t|crs p.cb.b|y .|.o.Jy krc. .|.t .c.ks .rJ Jcos rct .c.k |r t|o|.
c.r soctc.
|crt .||c. borc|n..k|rg tc boccno . sJbst|tJto |c. c.o.t|vo t||rk|rg .rJ p.cb|on sc|v|rg
cpy|rg |Jo.s .rJ sc|Jt|crs |r.pp.cp.|.to|y n.y p.ovort . botto. c.|g|r.| |Jo. |.cn bo|rg
Jovo|cpoJ
A |o.|t|y |ovo| c| scopt|c|sn |s sors|b|o |.ccossos t|.t .ppo.. tc bo ||g||y sJccoss|J| c|tor
tJ.r cJt tc bo ||..oJ .|to. Jot.||oJ .r.|ys|s, .|||o sJccossos n.y JoporJ cr |.ctc.s t|.t ..o
rct o.s||y ccp|oJ c. .J.ptoJ, c. t|.t ..o vo.y oxpors|vo
borc|n..k|rg .o,J|.os t|no .rJ o||c.t |ocp|o .||| cr|y n.ko t||s ccnn|tnort .|or t|o
boro||ts cJt.o|g| t|o ccsts
Who is invoIved1
|r ncst c.sos, .ospcrs|b|||ty |c. borc|n..k|rg .||| bo ccr||roJ tc . |o. oxpo.|orcoJ |rJ|v|JJ.|s
|c.ovo., |t |s ||ko|y t|.t .|ncst ovo.ycro .||| bo |rvc|voJ .s t|o borc|n..k|rg gots JrJo. ..y
l29
|crosty |s vo.y |npc.t.rt O.g.r|s.t|crs scnot|nos ||rJ |t J||||cJ|t tc .Jn|t t|.t t|oy ..o
|.|||rg tc noot t|o|. st.rJ..Js, sc t|oy c|.rgo t|o ||ro p.|rt c| t|o |rJ|c.tc. |.cg.oss t|.t
|ccks gccJ |r .r .rrJ.| .opc.t bJt |s rct soor cr t|o g.cJrJ .||| b.ooJ cyr|c|sn
More information
|o.o ..o n.ry .obs|tos .bcJt borc|n..k|rg |o J.||ty |ot.c.k |.s . gccJ |rt.cJJct|cr tc
scno c| t|o |ssJos .t |ttp//...,J.||tyccJk/borc|.Jv|tn
l30
|rcc cccOrrccicr
V.ry p.cocts, p.cg..nnos .rJ Jovo|cpnort.| p.ccossos .ccJnJ|.to JccJnort.t|cr
t|.t |ccJsos cr |.ctJ.| .rJ no.sJ..b|o cJtccnos .rJ .ccortJ.tos t|o pcs|t|vo |np.cts
c| .r |rto.vort|cr |c. .r cJts|Jo .JJ|orco by ccrt..st, p.ccoss JccJnort.t|cr .occ.Js .rJ
sJppc.ts t|o p.ccoss |tso|| |r p..t|cJ|.., |t |ccks .t t|o c|.rgo p.ccoss t|.cJg| t|o oyos c| t|cso
|rvc|voJ |r |t, .o||oct|rg t|o|. J|vo.g|rg pc|rts c| v|o. |t |s rct .bcJt so|||rg . sJccoss stc.y,
bJt .bcJt ncr|tc.|rg . p.ccoss c| c|.rgo .rJ Jovo|cpnort |.ccoss JccJnort.t|cr |s nc.o
.bcJt c.ptJ.|rg t|o |c. c| |np|onort.t|cr p.ccossos t|.r t|o .|.t c| p.ccoss |np.ct |r
p..t|cJ|.. |t .|ns .t
.ptJ.|rg t|o po.copt|crs c| st.ko|c|Jo.s, .rJ t|o c|.rgos |r t|oso po.copt|crs .s t|o
p.ccoss Jovo|cps,
|s|rg t||s |r|c.n.t|cr tc sJppc.t .o||oct|cr .rJ |o..r|rg sc .s tc |np.cvo t|o p.ccoss,
|o|p|rg t|cso |cck|rg .t t|o p.ccoss |.cn cJts|Jo tc JrJo.st.rJ t|o c|.rgos |r krc.|oJgo,
.tt|tJJos .rJ bo|.v|cJ.s t|.t .o.o rocoss..y tc .c||ovo .osJ|ts
|.ccoss JccJnort.t|cr |s p..t|cJ|..|y rocoss..y |r p.cocts t|.t |.vo .sp|..t|crs |c. scc|.|
c|.rgo
|.ccoss JccJnort.t|cr v.|Jos t|o po.copt|crs c| J|||o.ort st.ko|c|Jo.s o,J.||y |..no.s
rooJ|rg J|||o.ort ,J.rt|t|os c| ..to. |r J|||o.ort so.scrs, .cnor |r rooJ c| ..to. |c. |cJso|c|J
c|c.os, c.tc|nort c. |..|g.t|cr sc|ono n.r.go.s b.|.rc|rg t|o rooJs c| J|||o.ort ..to. Jso.
g.cJps, sc|ort|sts stJJy|rg ..to. rooJs |c. c.cps, ||vostcck .rJ pocp|o
AJo,J.to ||r.rc|.| .rJ |Jn.r .oscJ.cos nJst bo sot .s|Jo |c. p.ccoss JccJnort.t|cr (c.ptJ.o,
.r.|ys|s, J|sson|r.t|cr), .rJ t|no nJst bo .||c.oJ |c. .o||oct|cr .rJ J|scJss|cr \|o.o pcss|b|o
. sk|||oJ JccJnorto. (typ|c.||y .|t| . cJ.r.||st|c b.ckg.cJrJ) .||| bo |rvc|voJ |oscJ.co
.o,J|.onorts v..y, bJt tcc|s .||| p.cb.b|y |rc|JJo . v|Joc c.no.., st||| c.no.. .rJ scJrJ
.occ.Jo.
Methods
|.ccoss JccJnort.t|cr |s . b.c.J ..o. A rJnbo. c| stops ..o |Jort|||oJ |o.o, .|t| b.c.J g.cJps
c| tcc|s, .rJ |J.t|o. .oscJ.cos ..o |Jort|||oJ |r Vc.o |r|c.n.t|cr
b.s|c stops |c. |c. tc JccJnort p.ccoss |rc|JJo t|o |c||c.|rg (t|o stops ..o rJnbo.oJ bJt t|o
c.Jo. c| t|oso stops n.y v..y)
Step 1: Cc tc st.ko|c|Jo.s .rJ J|sccvo. t|o|. po.spoct|vos
Step 2: Cc tc ovorts .|o.o p.coct cboct|vos noot t..J|t|cr.| bo||o|s, .o|.t|crs||ps .rJ .tt|tJJos
|r ..to. n.r.gonort .rJ cbso.vo |rto..ct|crs .rJ |.|ct|crs
Step 3: Cc tc t|o boro||c|..|os .rJ g|vo t|on . vc|co .rJ |.cos by |rto.v|o.|rg t|on .rJ t.k|rg
p|ctcg..p|s c. Js|rg v|Joc
l3l
Step 4: StJJy .rJ Josc.|bo t|o ccrtoxt c| t|o |r|t|.t|vo |c. c|.rgo |o.J ..t|c|os .rJ bccks .rJ
t.|k tc .|so pocp|o (p.c|ossc.s, to.c|o.s, c|Jo. pocp|o, n.yc.s otc)
Step 5: O.g.r|so ncnorts, systons .rJ ..ys c| .c.k|rg |r t|o p.coct tc stop b.ck |.cn J.||y
p.coct bJs|ross tc .o||oct .rJ .r.|yso cr t.orJs .rJ p.tto.rs |oso soss|crs s|cJ|J t.ko p|.co
|.. orcJg| .p..t |c. c|.rgo tc |.vo cccJ..oJ bJt rct sc |.. .p..t t|.t t|o sorso c| bo|rg |r .
p.ccoss |s |cst po.|.ps ovo.y 34 ncrt|s
Step 6: ||sson|r.to .rJ s|..o ||rJ|rgs, .o||oct|crs, |rto.v|o.s, p|ctcg..p|s .rJ Jso t|on tc
st|nJ|.to Job.to |r||ko t|o p.tto.r |r ccrvort|cr.| p.cocts .|o.o .osJ|ts ..o J|sson|r.toJ .t
t|o orJ, p.ccoss JccJnort.t|cr .o,J|.os ..p|J J|sson|r.t|cr c| |oss ||r.||soJ p.cJJcts
|b Stops 5 6 |r p..t|cJ|.. |np|y ccnn|tnorts c| t|no .rJ .oscJ.cos
7ooIs
cc|s |c. p.ccoss JccJnort.t|cr c.r bo J|v|JoJ |rtc |cJ. b.c.J g.cJps |oso ..o
cc|s |c. c.ptJ.|rg t|o p.ccoss Js|rg . ..rgo c| not|cJs |rc|JJ|rg |rJ|v|JJ.| |rto.v|o.s,
|ccJs g.cJp J|scJss|crs, n|rJtos c| noot|rgs, ||o|J .c.ko. J|..|os, ct|o. JccJnorts,
cbso.v.t|crs .t noot|rgs, p|ctcg..p|y .rJ v|Joc
cc|s |c. c.g.r|s|rg t|o |r|c.n.t|cr (.rJ |r|t|.| J|sson|r.t|cr) Scno s|np|o ||||rg |s
rooJoJ tc .vc|J c|.cs .|||o |r|c.n.t|cr |.cn |rto.v|o.s, cbso.v.t|crs, p|ctcg..p|s
.rJ v|Jocs rooJs c.g.r|s|rg |rtc ..t|c|os, p|ctc bccks, v|Joc b|tos, c.so stJJ|os, cc|Jnrs,
..|ttor pc.t..|ts otc |c. ,J|ck J|sson|r.t|cr, t|oso p.cJJcts s|cJ|J rct bo ccnp||c.toJ tc
p.cJJco
cc|s |c. .r.|ys|rg |r|c.n.t|cr Vot|cJs .rJ st.JctJ.os nJst bo c.o.toJ |r t|o p.coct |c.
.o||oct|cr .rJ .r.|ys|s c| t|o c.ptJ.oJ |r|c.n.t|cr Sovo..| tcc|s ox|st soo |c. ox.np|o t|o
ncst s|gr|||c.rt c|.rgo (VS) .rJ cJtccno n.pp|rg (OV) tcc|s .o|o.orcoJ JrJo. nc.o
|r|c.n.t|cr
cc|s |c. J|sson|r.t|rg |r|c.n.t|cr |rc|JJo c|.rro|s c. noJ|. |c. J|sson|r.t|cr \|o.o
.||| c.so stJJ|os, noncs, v|Joc b|tos, p|ctc bccks .rJ cc|Jnrs bo pJb||s|oJ` \||c|
c|.rro|s s|cJ|J bo c.o.toJ by t|o p.coct .rJ .||c| cJts|Jo c|.rro|s ccJ|J t|o p.coct
t.y tc ncb|||so (|cc.| \, ..J|c, ro.sp.po.s, otc)` Scno ro. toc|rc|cgy c|.rro|s (sJc| .s
on.|| .rJ |rto.rot) c.r bo n.r.goJ by p.coct st.||
l32
7ips and tricks
|.ccoss JccJnort.t|cr |s . pc.o.|J| tcc| bJt t|o.o |s . rooJ tc gJ..J .g.|rst scno J.rgo.s
|.ccoss JccJnort.t|cr |ccJsos ort|.o|y cr pcs|t|vo .spocts c| c|.rgo
St.ko|c|Jo.s bo|.vo s|gr|||c.rt|y J|||o.ort|y .|or t|oy krc. t|.t p.ccoss JccJnort.t|cr
|s t.k|rg p|.co
|cso .ospcrs|b|o |c. p.ccoss JccJnort.t|cr Jc rct JrJo.st.rJ t|o p.ccossos t|oy ..o
JccJnort|rg .rJ .r.|ys|rg
|||c.t .rJ .oscJ.cos pJt |rtc p.ccoss JccJnort.t|cr s|c.s t|o p.coct c. .oJJcos |ts
occrcn|c v|.b|||ty
Spoc|.| |rto.ost g.cJps Jso p.ccoss JccJnort.t|cr tc st|. Jp ccr|||ct .rJ, |r t|o oxt.ono, tc
b.|rg .c.k tc . |.|t
More information
|o b.ckg.cJrJ, p.|rc|p|os .rJ tcc|s Josc.|boJ |o.o ..o sot cJt |r . ccnp.r|cr JccJnort, |o
|rs|Jo Stc.y |.ccoss |ccJnort.t|cr |xpo.|orco |.cn |V|O\||S .v.||.b|o .t
|ttp//...onpc.o.s|r|c/p.go/328
|o ncst s|gr|||c.rt c|.rgo (VS) toc|r|,Jo |s . |c.n c| p..t|c|p.tc.y ncr|tc.|rg .rJ
ov.|J.t|cr JsoJ |c. .ssoss|rg c|.rgo |r scc|.| p.ccossos Soo
|ttp//...n.rJoccJk/Jccs/VSCJ|Jo|tn
A|sc Jso|J| |c. st.JctJ.|rg .rJ .r.|ys|rg |r|c.n.t|cr |.cn c|.rgo p.ccossos |s t|o cJtccno
n.pp|rg tcc| |.cn t|o |rto.r.t|cr.| |ovo|cpnort |oso..c| ort.o (|||) soo
|ttp//...|J.cc./or/ov265862011|O_O|||tn|
Who is invoIved1
|.ccoss JccJnort.t|cr s|cJ|J bo |oJ by . JoJ|c.toJ p.c|oss|cr.| .|t| . .o|ov.rt b.ckg.cJrJ,
.rJ s|cJ|J |rvc|vo .|| st.ko|c|Jo.s .s . cort..| p..t c| c|rt |o..r|rg .|t||r st.ko|c|Jo. J|.|cgJo
|r ncst c.sos, .ospcrs|b|||ty |c. borc|n..k|rg .||| bo ccr||roJ tc . |o. oxpo.|orcoJ |rJ|v|JJ.|s
|c.ovo., |t |s ||ko|y t|.t .|ncst ovo.ycro .||| bo |rvc|voJ .s t|o borc|n..k|rg gots JrJo. ..y
AenHlcen
l35
^pprci . Erpl frcr |icllcOr \ill_,
|lcir
|o |c||c.|rg so.|os c| b.|o| |.ct s|oots, J...r |.cn t|o .c.k c| t|o |V|O\||S p.coct, |||Jst..tos
typ|c.| cJtpJts |.cn . p.ccoss c| p..t|c|p.tc.y p|.rr|rg |oso |.ct s|oots n.ko Jp p..t c| t|o
st..tog|c p|.r |.cn Vo|t|.|cJr v|||.go, |.|ost|ro
|o s|oots ..o .s |c||c.s
Sheet 1: b.ckg.cJrJ |r|c.n.t|cr .bcJt Vo|t|.|cJr v|||.go
Sheet 2: |oy J.t. |.cn . ..to. .oscJ.co .ssossnort c...|oJ cJt |r Vo|t|.|cJr .rJ st.JctJ.oJ
.ccc.J|rg tc t|o |||A |..no.c.k
Sheet 3: A sJnn..y c| scc|coccrcn|c J.t. .o|.t|rg tc .ccoss tc ..to. |r Vo|t|.|cJr
Sheet 4: \|s|crs, scor..|cs .rJ st..tog|os Jovo|cpoJ by t|o v|||.go.s c| Vo|t|.|cJr
Sheet 5: |.rk|rg c| t|o n.|r .ct|v|t|os |Jort|||oJ tc |np|onort t|o Vo|t|.|cJr st..togy
Sheet 6: Scno p||ct p.cocts JrJo.t.kor by t|o |V|O\||S p.coct |r Vo|t|.|cJr
l36
Vcr |rfcrrcicr EOrrry Elc : |rrci\ irfcrrcicr
Community: MeithaIoun Date: November 2004
8ackground information
Vo|t|.|cJr |s s|tJ.toJ 20 kn scJt| c| 'or|r |ty .|t| . pcpJ|.t|cr
c| s||g|t|y cvo. 6,500 |t |s t|o cort.o c| t|o scJt|o.r v|||.gos |r 'or|r
Ccvo.rc..to |.cn |ts rc.t|o.r s|Jo, Vo|t|.|cJr |s bcJrJoJ by t|o
|.ncJs p|.|r c| V.. S.rcJ., .||c| |s cro c| t|o ncst |npc.t.rt
.g.|cJ|tJ..| ..o.s |r t|o Ccvo.rc..to Vc.o t|.r t.c t||.Js c| V..
S.rcJ. ..o. |s c.roJ by Vo|t|.|cJr |r|.b|t.rts
Water-reIated time Iine
|c. t|o|. ..to. rooJs .rJ cvo. t|cJs.rJs c| yo..s, |r|.b|t.rts c|
Vo|t|.|cJr tc.r JoporJoJ cr ..|r..to. |..vostoJ |.cn .cc|tcps
.rJ stc.oJ |r c|sto.rs JJ.|rg ..|ry ncrt|s AJJ|t|cr.| ,J.rt|t|os .o.o
.|sc t..rspc.toJ |.cn A| |.... sp.|rg tc t|o scJt|.ost, ro.. '.b..
tc.r |r t|o s|xt|os, t.c p.|v.to .g.|cJ|tJ..| .o||s .o.o J.|||oJ |r t|o
..o. |.cn .||c| pocp|o JsoJ t.rko.s tc t..rspc.t t|o ..to. tc t|o|.
|cnos .rJ ccvo. scno c| t|o|. ..to. rooJs |r 1999, . nJr|c|p.| .o||
..s J.|||oJ |c. Jcnost|c pJ.pcsos |c.ovo., JJo tc |ts |c. J|sc|..go,
pocp|o |.J tc .o|y cr|y cr .|.t ..s stc.oJ |r c|sto.rs, c. .o.o |c.coJ
tc pJ.c|.so t.rko. ..to. |.cn p.|v.to .g.|cJ|tJ..| .o||s
Institutions
|o VJr|c|p.||ty |c.ns t|o n.|r |rst|tJt|cr |r Vo|t|.|cJr ||s |rst|tJt|cr |.s . t..ck .occ.J c| |np|onort|rg
.c.k |r t|o v|||.go |Jo tc t|o .bsorco c| . ..to. rot.c.k, cr|y t.c toc|r|c|.rs ..o .c.k|rg .s cpo..tc.s
c| t|o nJr|c|p.| .o|| .rJ .ogJ|.t|rg ..to. J|st.|bJt|cr At p.osort, ct|o. v|||.go|ovo| |rst|tJt|crs |rc|JJo,
. .cnors cort.o . c|..|t.b|o scc|oty, .rJ . |..no.s Jr|cr, .|| c| .||c| |.vo ||n|toJ .c|os |r ..to. .o|.toJ
.ct|v|t|os
Main sources of empIoyment
Ag.|cJ|tJ.o |s t|o n.|r occrcn|c .ct|v|ty |r Vo|t|.|cJr |Jo tc
t|o cJ..ort pc||t|c.| s|tJ.t|cr, t|o Jronp|cynort ..to |.s .|sor
s|gr|||c.rt|y .ncrg t|o |r|.b|t.rts c| Vo|t|.|cJr
GeneraI IiveIihood information.
b.soJ cr t|o Scc|.| A||.|.s |op..tnort J.t., 11 c| t|o Vo|t|.|cJrs
|r|.b|t.rts ..o ccrs|Jo.oJ tc bo ||v|rg bo|c. t|o pcvo.ty ||ro ||s
11 |rc|JJos t|o Jronp|cyoJ .rJ/c. t|cso .|t| . |c. |..ogJ|..
|rccno
8ox 1: conomic Activities in MeithaIoun
|ccrcn|c Act|v|ty ()
Ag.|cJ|tJ.o
(|..n|rg, |.|s|rg Ar|n.|s)
25
V|r|rg .rJ J...y|rg 1
V.rJ|.ctJ.|rg, crst.Jct|cr 14
\|c|os.|o .rJ .ot.|| t..Jo 5
|np|cyoJ 10
|ronp|cyoJ 40
|ct st.toJ 5
ct.| 100
'or|r Ccvo.rc..to Vo|t|.|cJrs |cc.t|cr |r .oJ c|.c|o
l37
Vcr |rfcrrcicr EOrrry Elc L: |Orricl |rfcrrcicr
Year 2003 Year 2010
D
e
m
a
n
d

a
n
d

A
c
c
e
s
s
Domestic
|cpJ|.t|cr 6,619 8,5
Avo..go po.c.p|t. .ctJ.| Jso (|/c/J) 52
|.rgo c| po.c.p|t. .ctJ.| ..to. Jso (|/c/J) 30108
ActJ.| Jso, tct.| (n
3
/y.) 125,15
Avo..go Jon.rJ (|/c/J) 0 100
|on.rJ, tct.| (n
3
/y.) 169,231 319,849
|cJso|c|Js cr rot.c.k 0 100
|cJso|c|Js rct so.voJ by rot.c.k 100 0
Accopt.b|||ty |||||cJ|t CccJ
AgricuIturaI
ct.| cJ|t|v.toJ ..o. (JJrJn) 13,10
C.css |..|g.toJ ..o. (JJrJn) `
|ot |..|g.toJ ..o. (JJrJn) 1,415 2,5
|ctort|.| ..to. .o,J|.onorts(n
3
/y.) 884,35 1,23,125
ActJ.| |..|g.t|cr ..to. Jso (n
3
/y.) 31,85
||vostcck ..to. Jso (n
3
/y.) 9,085 11,13
ActuaI use, totaI (m
3
/yr) 40,80
Demand, totaI (m
3
/yr) 893,460 1,34,298
IndustriaI
ActuaI use totaI (m
3
/yr)
Demand totaI (m
3
/yr)
Other
ActuaI use totaI (m
3
/yr) 0 0
Demand totaI (m
3
/yr) 0 0
7otaI actuaI use (m
3
/yr) 866,585 0
7otaI demand (m
3
/yr) 1,062,691 2,054,147
Year 2003 Year 2010
I
n
f
r
a
s
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
e
Domestic |os|gr sJpp|y c.p.c|ty (|/c/J)
|os|gr sJpp|y c.p.c|ty (n
3
/y.)
Av |cssos ~5
Sanitation ypo ossp|ts
.ccoss c. ccvo..go 100
AgricuIturaI |os|gr sJpp|y c.p.c|ty (n
3
/y.) `
Av |cssos ~10
IndustriaI |os|gr sJpp|y c.p.c|ty (n
3
/y.) `
Av |cssos `
Other |os|gr sJpp|y c.p.c|ty (n
3
/y.) 0
Av |cssos 0
Storage \c|Jno sJ.|.co ..to. stc..go (n
3
) 0
7otaI (actuaI) (m
3
/yr) 1 0
7otaI (design) (m
3
/yr) 0 0
A
v
a
i
I
a
b
I
e

R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
RainfaII
Av ArrJ.| ..|r|.|| (nn) 619
Domestic AgricuIturaI IndustriaI Other (Unused)
Springs
Av ArrJ.| y|o|J (n
3
/y.) 0 0 0 0
.ccopt.b|o ..to. ,J.||ty 0 0 0 0
Groundwater weIIs
Av ArrJ.| sJst.|r.b|o y|o|J (n
3
/y.) 82,120 31,85 0 0
.ccopt.b|o ..to. ,J.||ty 95 100 0 0
Water harvesting
Av ArrJ.| .v.||.b|||ty (n
3
/y.) 43,595 9085 0 0
.ccopt.b|o ..to. ,J.||ty 90 100 0 0
Wastewater
3
/y.) 0 0 0 83,600
.ccopt.b|o ..to. ,J.||ty 0 0 0 0
IIood water
3
/y.) 0 0 0 1,500,000
.ccopt.b|o ..to. ,J.||ty 0 0 0 ~ 80
7otaI
ArrJ.| .v.||.b|||ty .|| scJ.cos (n
3
/y.) 125,15 40,80 0 1,583,600
ArrJ.| .v.||.b|||ty .ccopt.b|o ,J.||ty 11,249 40,80 0 1,200,000
7otaI
AnnuaI avaiIabiIity aII sources (m
3
/yr) 2,450,185
AcceptabIe quaIity aII sources (m
3
/yr) 2,058,119
|o|.toJ tc t|o v|s|cr |rc|JJoJ .|t||r t|o Jcnost|c Jso
..sto..to. ..s ost|n.toJ tc bo 0 c| Jcnost|c ..to. |st|n.toJ .vo..go ||ccJ c| V.. S.rcJ.
Remarks:
.rko.s |c.n t|o
..to. J|st.|bJt|cr
syston, JJo tc
.bsorco c| pJb||c
..to. rot.c.k
+o..|y ..to c|
|rc.o.so |r
|..|g.toJ ..o.,
.rJ ||vostcck,
..s ost|n.toJ
.t 10, .rJ 3
.ospoct|vo|y
|rJJst.|.| ..to.
..s ost|n.toJ tc
bo .bcJt c|
t|o Jcnost|c Jso
l38
Vcr |rfcrrcicr EOrrry Elc E: |rcLlr ^rlyi
SocietaI water probIems
7ype 7ypoIogy of main
sociaI groups
Domestic Water AgricuIturaI Water Use
| |cc., .|t|
||g| |ovo|s c|
Jronp|cynort
.rJ |c. |..ogJ|..
|rccno
\.to. Jso .|t| t|o 30 45 |/c/J ..rgo
V.|r ..to. .oscJ.co |s c|sto.r ..to.
|Jo tc t|o|. b.J ||r.rc|.| s|tJ.t|cr,
pocp|os rooJs ..o not by Js|rg ..to.
stc.oJ |r c|sto.rs bJ||t |c. .g.|cJ|tJ..|
pJ.pcsos ||s ..to. |s JsJ.||y c| b.J
,J.||ty
|ct .pp||c.b|o
|| |cc. bJt .|t|
.ogJ|.. |c.|ovo|
|rccno
\.to. Jso .|t||r t|o 45 60 |/c/J ..rgo
|oporJ n.|r|y cr c|sto.r ..to.
|.co ..to. ,J.rt|ty .rJ ,J.||ty
p.cb|ons JJ.|rg t|o sJnno. ncrt|s
|osc.t tc bJy|rg t.rko...to. .t ..|soJ
p.|cos |c. t|o Jr|t ..to.
S|c.t.gos |r ..to. rooJoJ |c. ||vostcck
\c.k |r |..|g.toJ |.rJs .s p.|J |.bcJ.,
c. ccp..tro. .|t| ct|o. |.rJ .rJ .o||
c.ro.s
|.cb|ons .|t| |.rJc.ro.s cr ..to.
.||cc.t|cr |ssJos (J|st.|bJt|cr, ,J.rt|ty,
otc)
||| |np|cyoJ .|t|
ncJo..to .ogJ|..
|rccno
\.to. Jso |r t|o 60 80 |/c/J ..rgo
|ooJs ..o not |.cn ..to. stc.oJ |r
|..go c|sto.rs, .rJ/c. pJ.c|.s|rg |.cn
|..go ..to. t.rko.s
|c p.cb|ons .|t| ..to. sJpp|y c. ..to.
,J.||ty
|.cb|ons .|t| .o||c.ro.s |r sJpp|y|rg
orcJg| ,J.rt|t|os c| ..to. tc |..|g.to
t|o|. |.rJs
|.cb|ons .|t| t|o ||g| Jr|t p.|co c|
..to. bcJg|t |.cn t.rko.s
|\ |o|.t|vo|y .|c|o.,
|.rJc.ro.s .rJ/c.
J|vo.s|||oJ scJ.cos
c| |rccno
\.to. Jso .|t||r t|o 0 100 |/c/J
..rgo
|c ..to. sJpp|y c. ..to. ,J.||ty
p.cb|ons
|c ..to. s|c.t.gos
||.rtoJ ..o.s ..o ||n|toJ tc t|cso
|rJrJ.toJ JJ.|rg t|o .|rto. so.scr
\|t| t|o .bsorco c| . pJb||c ..to. rot.c.k |r Vo|t|.|cJr, ycJrg g|.|s |.vo tc t..vo| |crg J|st.rcos tc c...y ..to.
tc ccvo. t|o|. |.n||ys J.||y rooJs A|sc, n.ry pcc. .rJ |c.|rccno |.n|||os ..o |c.coJ tc bJy ..to. |.cn p.|v.to
vorJc.s .t ||g|o. p.|cos ospoc|.||y JJ.|rg t|o sJnno. so.scr .|or ..to. s|c.t.gos ..o ||g|
l39
Vcr |rfcrrcicr EOrrry Elc =: |rcLlr ^rlyi
SocietaI water probIems
Vision
1
by 2010, t|o .vo..go Jcnost|c ..to. sJpp|y .cJ|J |rc.o.so |.cn t|o cJ..ort 52 |/c/J tc 100 |/c/J
|J.t|o.nc.o, t|.cJg| |.rJ .oc|.n.t|cr, .rJ .r |rc.o.so |r t|o |..|g.toJ ..o.s .g.|cJ|tJ..| .ct|v|t|os .cJ|J
oxp.rJ |.cn t|o cJ..ort 1,415 JJrJns tc 5,000 JJrJns (cJt c| . tct.| c| 13,10 JJrJns .v.||.b|o ...b|o
|.rJ) Vc.ocvo., scJ.cos c| JrJo.g.cJrJ ..to. ccrt.n|r.t|cr .cJ|J bo ||n|toJ .rJ pJt JrJo. ccrt.c|,
ospoc|.||y t|cso ..|s|rg |.cn t|o .bsorco c| . ..sto..to. rot.c.k, .rJ t|o |r|||t..t|cr c| pc||JtoJ ..to.
|.cn rog|octoJ .rJ Jrn.|rt.|roJ cossp|ts |rtc ro..by ..to. c|sto.rs
Scenarios
b.soJ cr . |.ctc.s Ar.|ys|s oxo.c|so, t|o |cc.| st.ko|c|Jo.s
|r Vo|t|.|cJr cc||oct|vo|y .g.ooJ cr t|o t.c |.ctc.s t|.t
.o.o ncst |npc.t.rt .rJ ncst Jrco.t.|r, .rJ .||c| .o.o
koy |c. .o.||s|rg t|o|. v|s|cr
|oso t.c |.ctc.s .o.o Av.||.b|||ty c| |JrJ|rg scJ.cos, .rJ
cbt.|r|rg ||corcos |.cn |s..o|| .Jt|c.|t|os tc J.||| .r ..tos|.r
.o|| .|t||r v|||.go bcJrJ..|os, c. bJ||J ..to. .rJ ..sto..to.
rot.c.ks |c.ovo., t|oso .ct|v|t|os ..o JsJ.||y |.coJ .|t|
n.ry J||||cJ|t|os, .rJ c|tor |.|| |r cbt.|r|rg ||corcos
b.soJ cr t|o .bcvo |.ctc.s t|o st.ko|c|Jo.s Jovo|cpoJ t|o
|c||c.|rg |cJ. pcss|b|o scor..|cs
Scenario1: Iunding and Iicences are avaiIabIe.
A|t|cJg| |t |s ccrs|Jo.oJ .s t|o bostc.so scor..|c tc .c||ovo Vo|t|.|cJrs v|s|cr ,J|ck|y, |t |s .|sc bo||ovoJ
tc bo t|o |o.st ||ko|y tc |.ppor |r t|o ro.. |JtJ.o (2010), .s t||s scor..|c .ssJnos t|.t . sc|Jt|cr tc t|o
cJ..ort pc||t|c.| s|tJ.t|cr .cJ|J |.vo boor .o.c|oJ, .rJ ccrso,Jort|y, .v.||.b|||ty .rJ .ccoss tc |JrJ|rg
scJ.cos .cJ|J boccno o.s|o.
Strategy for scenario 1:
|o|.b|||t.to .rJ n.|rt.|r ox|st|rg ..to. scJ.cos, .s .o|| .s
|cc.t|rg ro. cros
..|r|rg .c.ks|cps, .rJ c.p.c|ty bJ||J|rg c.np.|grs tc ..|so
t|o ....oross c| bct| t|o ccrsJno.s .rJ t|o sJpp||o.s .bcJt
..to., .rJ t|o|. .b|||ty tc n.|rt.|r t|o systons c. |cJso|c|J
|ovo| Jr|ts
More Important &
Less Uncertain
.p.c|ty c| nJr|c|p.|
St.|| tc |c||c. Jp .rJ
n.|rt.|r p||cts
|.osorco c| . po.n.rort
..to. scJ.co
More Important &
More Uncertain
|JrJ|rg
||cors|rg
Less Important &
Less Uncertain
J.||ty c| ....oross
p.cg..nnos
Less Important &
More Uncertain
|cc. ,J.||ty c| ....oross
p.cg..nnos
8ox 1: InternaI and externaI factors identified during the
factor anaIysis exercise
1
A|| v|s|crs Jovo|cpoJ .t v|||.go |ovo| .o.o .g.ooJ Jpcr by .|| t|o .o|ov.rt st.ko|c|Jo.s (gcvo.rc..to onp|cyoos .rJ v|||.go.s), .rJ .o.o
ncJ|||oJ tc bo SVA| (spoc|||c, no.sJ..b|o, .ccopt.b|o, .o.||st|c .rJ t|nobcJrJ) Vo|t|.|cJrs v|s|cr .|sc tcck |rtc .cccJrt t|o J|||o.ort
..to. Jso.s .rJ Jsos (Jcnost|c, s.r|t.t|cr, |..|g.t|cr)
l40
Scenario 2: Iunding is unavaiIabIe, but Iicences are avaiIabIe.
bo..|rg |r n|rJ t|.t, |r Vo|t|.|cJr, .ccoss tc |JrJs |s JsJ.||y o.s|o.
t|.r cbt.|r|rg ||corcos |.cn t|o |s..o|| .Jt|c.|t|os, t||s scor..|c
c.r t|or bo ccrs|Jo.oJ .s soccrJ bost, s|rco |t .cJ|J .||c. t|o
|np|onort.t|cr c| p.cocts/.ct|v|t|os t|.t .cJ|J ..J|c.||y sc|vo
Vo|t|.|cJrs ..to. sJpp|y .rJ ..sto..to..o|.toJ p.cb|ons
|c.ovo., .s .|t| scor..|c 1, |t |s Jr||ko|y t|.t scor..|c 2 .cJ|J
|.ppor |r ro.. t|o |JtJ.o
|o|.b|||t.to t|o ox|st|rg ..to. .oscJ.cos |r ccc.J|r.t|cr .|t| nJr|c|p.||ty st.||, |cc.| ccJrc|| .rJ c||orts
(orJJso.s), .s .o|| .s .|t| .o|.toJ pJb||c .rJ rcrgcvo.rnort.| c.g.r|s.t|crs
Scenario 3: Iunding is avaiIabIe, but Iicences are unavaiIabIe.
||s scor..|c |s . vo.y |npc.t.rt tc ccrs|Jo. s|rco |t |s t|o ncst ||ko|y tc
|.ppor Josp|to t|o cJ..ort |..J occrcn|c .rJ pc||t|c.| orv|.crnort
c| t|o |rt||.J. \|or |JrJs ..o .v.||.b|o, n.ry .ct|crs .rJ .ct|v|t|os,
.||c| Jc rct .o,J|.o ||cors|rg, c.r bo |np|onortoJ, .rJ .|cso
|np.ct .cJ|J |o|p .||ov|.to Vo|t|.|cJrs ..to..o|.toJ p.cb|ons
|o|.b|||t.to t|o ox|st|rg ..to. .oscJ.cos,
|.cncto t|o Jso c| ..to. |..vost|rg toc|r|,Jos,
Sook oxto.r.| ..to. .oscJ.cos,
|rc.o.so pocp|os ....oross cr t|o ..t|cr.| .rJ o|||c|ort Jso c| ..to., st.orgt|or c.p.c|ty c| t|o |cc.|
||o|J to.ns,
crJJct |o.s|b|||ty stJJ|os .rJ p|.r |c. |np|onort|rg p.cocts t|.t p.cncto t|o Jso c| ncJo.r
toc|r|,Jos |r .g.|cJ|tJ.o .rJ |..|g.t|cr
Scenario 4: Neither funding, nor Iicences are avaiIabIe.
A|t|cJg| .og..JoJ .s t|o .c.stc.so scor..|c, |t |s st||| . vo.y |npc.
t.rt cro tc ccrs|Jo. |ct cr|y boc.Jso |t .o||octs t|o cJ..ort .o.||ty cr
t|o g.cJrJ, bJt .|sc boc.Jso |t rooJs tc bo t.kor |rtc .cccJrt .|||o
Vo|t|.|cJrs st..tog|os .rJ p|.rc|.ct|cr ..o bo|rg Jovo|cpoJ
|rc.o.so t|o ....oross .t .|| |ovo|s c| t|o rooJ |c. botto. Jso
c| ox|st|rg ..to. .oscJ.cos, tcgot|o. .|t| st.orgt|or|rg .rJ
t..|r|rg c| |cc.| ||o|J to.ns
b.soJ cr t|o v|s|crs, scor..|cs, .rJ st..tog|os t|.t .o.o Jovo|cpoJ by t|o ccnnJr|ty |r Vo|t|.|cJr, sovo..|
|rto.vort|crs c. p||cts .o.o p.cpcsoJ t|.t .cJ|J |o|p t|o ccnnJr|ty |r .o.||s|rg t|o|. v|s|cr .c c| t|o
p.cpcsoJ p||cts .o.o so|octoJ |c. |np|onort.t|cr |r Vo|t|.|cJr |c. t|o ||st c| p.cpcsoJ .rJ so|octoJ p||cts
k|rJ|y, .o|o. tc sJnn..y s|oots 5 .rJ 6
l4l
Vcr |rfcrrcicr EOrrry Elc L: |rcpcc |ilcc
List of proposed activities to reaIise MeithaIoun's vision
Proposed Activity Notes
S
c
e
n
a
r
i
o
Requires
I
u
n
d
i
n
g
L
i
c
e
n
s
e
1
crst.Jct|cr c| . ..to.
rot.c.k
|.cv|Jos .Jo,J.to ,J.rt|t|os c| ..to. t|.t |s
.ogJ|..|y ncr|tc.oJ |c. ,J.||ty
1 .rJ
2
||g| |..J
2
crst.Jct|cr c| . ..sto..to.
rot.c.k .rJ t.o.tnort p|.rt
|oJJcos JrJo.g.cJrJ ..to. ccrt.n|r.t|cr c.JsoJ
by |o.k.go |.cn cossp|ts
1 .rJ
2
||g| |..J
3
2
bJ||J|rg . ..to. c|sto.r |r t|o
bcys sc|cc|
|.cv|Jos 500 stJJorts .|t| .ccoss tc .Jo,J.to
.ncJrts c| pct.b|o ..to.
1, 2, 3,
.rJ 4
noJ
|Jn
|A
4
||gg|rg c| .g.|cJ|tJ..|
c|sto.rs
|rc.o.sos ..to. .v.||.b|o |c. |..n|rg
crso,Jort|y, .oJJcos .o||.rco cr t|o Jso Jcnost|c
..to. |c. |..|g.t|cr
1, 2, 3,
.rJ 4
|c. +os
5
Assonb||rg |cJso|c|J|ovo|
g.oy..to. t.o.tnort Jr|ts
|oJJcos .ncJrt c| ..to. gc|rg tc cossp|ts, by
Js|rg t|o t.o.toJ g.oy ..to. |r |..|g.t|cr
3 .rJ
4
noJ
6
|xp.rJ|rg |..|g.toJ
.g.|cJ|tJ..| ..o.s
|np|onort|rg .ct|v|t|os 3, 4, .rJ 5 .cJ|J |o|p |c.o.
t|o ccst c| oxp.rs|cr
1, 2,3
.rJ, 4
|A
|st.b||s||rg . |cc.| ..to.

.oscJ.cos n.r.gonort
ccnn|ttoo (|\V)
3
c .ct .s . .o|o.orco pc|rt, .rJ . ||rk .|t| ct|o.
|cc.| ccnnJr|ty c.g.r|s.t|crs
c .ct .s b.so |c. ccrco.toJ .ct|cr, p|.rr|rg, .rJ
n.r.gonort c| t|o |cc.| ..to. scJ.cos |r t|o
v|||.go
V.r.go t|o p||ct p.cocts
|xc|.rgo c| oxpo.|orcos .rJ |o|p so..c| |c.
oxto.r.| |JrJ|rg
|ovo|cp . sorso c| .ospcrs|b|||ty .rJ c.ro.s||p c|
t|o ..to. .oscJ.cos |r t|o v|||.go
c .ct .s t|o |crg to.n |cst c| |V|O\||S
.pp.c.c|os .rJ not|cJc|cg|os
1, 2, 3,
.rJ 4
|c. o.sy
8 A...oross c.np.|grs .rJ
t..|r|rg cr ..to. Jon.rJ
n.r.gonort
c c|.rgo .tt|tJJos / |.b|ts, .rJ .oJJco ..to.
ccrsJnpt|cr .t |..n .rJ |cJso|c|J |ovo| (..to.
Jon.rJ n.r.gonort)
1, 2, 3
.rJ 4
|c. |A
9 A...oross c.np.|grs cr
post|c|Jos Jso
1, 2, 3,
.rJ 4
|c. |A
2
||s p.cpcsoJ .ct|v|ty ..s so|octoJ .s t|o p||ct tc bo |np|onortoJ |r Vo|t|.|cJr (Soo SJnn..y S|oot 6)
3
|st.b||s| |cc.| ..to. ccnn|ttoo, o|t|o. .|t||r .r ox|st|rg cccpo..t|vo/ccnnJr|ty b.soJ c.g.r|..t|cr (bO), c. by ost.b||s||rg . ro. cro
l42
Vcr |rfcrrcicr EOrrry Elc E: |ilcc |rcjcc
PiIot pro|ect description
|r Soptonbo. 2004 JJ.|rg t|o St.ko|c|Jo. crsJ|t.t|cr .c.ks|cp
.rJ .c.k|rg JrJo. t|o p.on|so c| t|o ncst ||ko|y scor..|c (Scor..|c 3)
4

t|o ccnnJr|ty Joc|JoJ cr t|o ||.st t.c p||cts tc bo |np|onortoJ |r
Vo|t|.|cJr |o ||.st |rtog..toJ p||ct ..s tc bJ||J . ..to. c|sto.r, .rJ
. g.oy ..to. t.o.tnort Jr|t tc so.vo t|o bcys sc|cc| |r t|o v|||.go ||s
.cJ|J p.cv|Jo |ts 500 stJJorts .|t| .ccoss tc .Jo,J.to .ncJrts c|
pct.b|o ..to., .rJ .oJso t|o t.o.toJ ..to. |r |..|g.t|rg t|o |.rJ ..cJrJ
t|o sc|cc| |c. t|o soccrJ p||ct, t|o ccnnJr|ty Joc|JoJ tc ccrst.Jct
. cJ|vo.t tc J|vo.t t|o oxt.. J..|r.go |.cn ..|r|.|| ||s .||| .||c. t|o
p.|n..y sc|cc| g|.|s (611y.s c|J) .rJ t|o|. to.c|o.s tc s.|o|y c.css, .rJ .o.c| sc|cc| JJ.|rg t|o .|rto.t|no
1ustifications
|J.|rg t|o sc|cc| yo.., t|o bcys sc|cc| sJ||o.s |.cn ccrt|rJcJs ..to. s|c.t.gos, ospoc|.||y .|t| . .|s|rg
stJJort pcpJ|.t|cr
|o ..to. |r t|o t.c c|sto.rs t|.t ..o cJ..ort|y p.osort .t t|o bcys sc|cc| |s ccrt.n|r.toJ by soop.go
|.cn ro..by cossp|ts
|o p.osorco c| JrJt|||soJ .rJ rog|octoJ |.rJ ..cJrJ t|o sc|cc| ..o., .||c| ccJ|J bo p|.rtoJ, .rJ
|..|g.toJ by t|o t.o.toJ ..sto..to.
|o s.|oty c| ycJrg p.|n..y sc|cc|g|.|s .rJ to.c|o.s |s t|.o.toroJ JJ.|rg .|rto.t|no .s t|oy ..|k cr .rJ
c.css t|o cr|y .c.J tc t|o|. sc|cc|, t|.cJg| J..|r.go JJ.|rg |o.vy ..|r|.||
|o ccnnJr|ty JrJo.st.rJs t|.t t|o p||ct p.cocts .||| bo
c.roJ by t|o v|||.go, bJt JrJo. t|o |cc.| ..to. ccnn|ttoos
n.r.gonort .rJ t|o scc|otys .ospcrs|b|||ty |t |s .|sc JrJo.stccJ
t|.t .ry .ovorJos |.cn t|o p||cts, || .ry, .||| bo JsoJ |r ct|o.
p.cocts |c. t|o |cc.| ccnnJr|tys boro||t
|o ccnnJr|ty |s .o,J|.oJ tc p.cv|Jo |rk|rJ ccrt.|bJt|crs
(.rJ scnot|nos, c.s| ccrt.|bJt|crs) tc st.orgt|or |ts sorso c|
c.ro.s||p |c. t|o p||ct
Identification and criteria for piIot pro|ect
seIection:
|||ct ccsts Jc rct oxcooJ 12,500 -
|||ct tc so.vo t|o goro..| pJb||c, .rJ rct
spoc|||c |rJ|v|JJ.|s
|||ct tc ccrt.|bJto tc t|o .o.||s.t|cr c| t|o
v|s|cr, .rJ .g.oos .|t| t|o ox|st|rg |cc.|
scor..|cs |xocJt|cr t|no |s s|c.t
SJst.|r.b|||ty |s gJ...rtooJ
|o p.coct |s vo.y Jso|J| .|t| c|o..
boro||ts
Current situation
4
Soo sJnn..y s|oot 4
l43
Vcr |rfcrrcicr EOrrry Elc E: |ilcc |rcjcc
PiIot pro|ect stakehoIders
StakehoIder RoIe/ ResponsibiIity
|V|O\||S |.cv|Jo |JrJ|rg, Vcr|tc. t|o .c||ovonort .rJ p.cg.oss c| p||ct(s), oc|r|c.| .ss|st.rco,
CJ|J.rco .rJ c.p.c|ty st.orgt|or|rg c| |cc.| ccnn|ttoo cr |crgto.n n.r.gonort c| t|o
|||cts
VJr|c|p.||ty |ssJo ccrst.Jct|cr ||corcos, |.cv|Jo org|roo.|rg |c||c. Jp .rJ sJpo.v|s|cr, |.c|||t.to
oxocJt|cr
V|r|st.y c| |JJc.t|cr |oto.n|ro t|o |cc.t|cr .rJ p.cv|Jos .pp.cv.| tc ccrst.Jct c|sto.r
V|r|st.y c| Ag.|cJ|tJ.o |.cv|Jo gJ|J.rco, .rJ oxpo.t|so
|||ct ccnn|ttoo
5
|st.b||s| . ccnn|ttoo tc |c||c. Jp cr t|o cvo..|| p.cg..nno oxocJt|cr, |crgto.n
n.r.gonort c| t|o p||cts, torJo.|rg p.ccoss, otc
Sc|cc| .op.osort.t|vo
(|.|rc|p.|)
|c||c. Jp .|t| .c.ko.s (Vonbo. c| t|o p||ct ccnn|ttoo)
|cc.| ccnnJr|ty
(|..orts ccnn|ttoo)
|JrJ..|s|rg, |c||c. Jp c| p||ct |np|onort.t|cr (|op.osortoJ Vonbo.s |r |||ct ccnn|ttoo)
SustainabiIity considerations
Iactor Impact on community/
piIot
How to deaI with it
(precautionary measures)
Absorco c| |JrJ|rg |.coct |rccnp|oto |ot.||oJ stJJy |c. p.coct
|JrJ ..|s|rg .rJ sook|rg .|to.r.t|vo scJ.cos c|
|JrJ|rg
SocJ.|ty p.cb|ons .|t|
cccJp.t|cr .Jt|c.|t|os
Obst.Jct |np|onort.t|cr c|
t|o p||ct
S|gr .|t| |cc.| ccrt..ctc.
VJr|c|p.||ty Jrcccpo..t|vo Obst.Jct |np|onort.t|cr c|
t|o p||ct
|c.n . ccnn|ttoo |.cn .op.osort.t|vos c| |cc.|
|rst|tJt|crs |r .JJ|t|cr tc nJr|c|p.||ty
|V|O\||S .|t|J...s ||rJo. p.coct |.coct c.rco||.t|cr
crt..ctc. rct .c.k|rg tc p|.r |.coct Jo|.y ||rJ .r .|to.r.t|vo
|ogct|.to .|t| ccrt..ctc.
5
|op.osort.t|cr |r t|o p||ct ccnn|ttoo tcck |rtc ccrs|Jo..t|cr gorJo. .rJ scc|coccrcn|c b.ckg.cJrJ .spocts c| t|o nonbo.s
l44
^pprci L. ^crcryr rc _lcry cf crr
^crcryr
AM AJ.pt|vo n.r.gonort
8N b.yos|.r rot.c.ks
C8O cnnJr|ty b.soJ c.g.r|s.t|cr
MPOWRS |J.cVoJ |..t|c|p.tc.y \.to. |oscJ.cos Scor..|cs
U |J.cpo.r |r|cr
GPS C|cb.| pcs|t|cr|rg syston
IWRM |rtog..toJ ..to. .oscJ.cos n.r.gonort
INGO |rto.r.t|cr.| rcrgcvo.rnort.| c.g.r|s.t|cr
I7 |r|c.n.t|cr toc|rc|cgy
IRC || |rto.r.t|cr.| \.to. .rJ S.r|t.t|cr ort.o
M& Vcr|tc.|rg .rJ ov.|J.t|cr
NGO |crgcvo.rnort.| c.g.r|s.t|cr
PRA |..t|c|p.tc.y .J..| .pp..|s.|
P7D |..t|c|p.tc.y toc|rc|cgy Jovo|cpnort
QIS J.||t.t|vo |r|c.n.t|cr syston
RAAkS |.p|J .pp..|s.| c| .g.|cJ|tJ..| krc.|oJgo syston
RIDA |oscJ.cos, |r|..st.JctJ.o, Jon.rJ .rJ .ccoss
SDCA St.ko|c|Jo. J|.|cgJo .rJ ccrco.toJ .ct|cr
SMAR7 Spoc|||c, no.sJ..b|o, .c||ov.b|o, .o.||st|c, t|nobcJrJ
SWO7 St.orgt|s, .o.krossos, cppc.tJr|t|os, t|.o.ts
7OR o.ns c| .o|o.orco
WRA \.to. .oscJ.cos .ssossnort
WUA \.to. Jso.s .sscc|.t|cr
l45
Clcry cf crr
o.ns JsoJ |r |V|O\||S n.to.|.|s .rJ |c. t|oy ..o JsoJ |r t|o |V|O\||S ccrtoxt
Access
|o .|g|t, ort|t|onort .rJ .b|||ty c| .r |rJ|v|JJ.| c. . g.cJp tc cbt.|r c. n.ko Jso c| ..to. .oscJ.cos c.
c| so.v|cos t|.t p.cv|Jo ..to. |c. J|||o.ort Jsos
AccountabiIity
C|v|rg .r .cccJrt |c. ycJ |.vo c...|oJ cJt ycJ. .ospcrs|b|||t|os .rJ bo|rg .rs.o..b|o |c. ycJ. .ct|crs
O|tor JsoJ syrcryncJs|y .|t| .rs.o..b|||ty, .ospcrs|b|||ty c. ||.b|||ty AcccJrt.b|||ty |s .r |npc.t.rt
|.ctc. |r socJ.|rg gccJ gcvo.r.rco .rJ |r t|o |og|t|n.cy c| pJb||c pc.o. |t |s |npc.t.rt rct cr|y t|.t
scnocro |s .cccJrt.b|o, bJt tc .|cn t|oy ..o .cccJrt.b|o Soo .|sc t..rsp..orcy
Adaptive management
A typo c| ||ox|b|o n.r.gonort |r .||c| .ct|crs, st..tog|os .rJ p|.rs ..o ccrt|rJ.||y .JJstoJ |r t|o ||g|t
c| ro. |r|c.n.t|cr
Aquifer
A goc|cg|c.| |c.n.t|cr t|.t c.r y|o|J . Jso|J| ..to. sJpp|y |r .o||s .rJ sp.|rgs A,J||o.s |.vo t.c
|JrJ.nort.| c|...cto.|st|cs . c.p.c|ty |c. g.cJrJ..to. stc..go .rJ .r .b|||ty tc sJppc.t g.cJrJ..to.
||c.
Awareness raising
|o p.ccoss by .||c| t|o |npc.t.rco c| .r |ssJo, p.cb|on c. cppc.tJr|ty |s b.cJg|t tc t|o .ttort|cr
c| |rJ|v|JJ.|s c. c.g.r|s.t|crs, sc t|.t t|oy g|vo |t . ||g|o. p.|c.|ty |r t|o|. t||rk|rg .rJ .ct|crs O|tor .
ccnpcrort |r c.p.c|ty Jovo|cpnort
8ayesian networks
b.yos|.r |ot.c.ks (.|sc krc.r .s bo||o| |ot.c.ks) p.cv|Jo . not|cJ c| .op.osort|rg .rJ .r.|ys|rg c.Jso
.rJ o||oct .o|.t|crs||ps bot.oor v..|.b|os .rJ t|o.o|c.o .r.|ys|rg Jrco.t.|rty Vc.o |r|c.n.t|cr cr t|o
not|cJ c.r bo |cJrJ .t ...rc.sysccn
Capacity deveIopment
A |crgto.n ccrt|rJ|rg p.ccoss by .||c| |rJ|v|JJ.|s c. |rst|tJt|crs Jovo|cp .rJ/c. |np.cvo t|o|.
krc.|oJgo, sk|||s, ccnpotorc|os .rJ .b|||t|os |r ..o.s t|.t ..o |npc.t.rt tc t|on |t gcos boycrJ t..|r|rg
.rJ |rc|JJos c.g.r|s.t|cr.| Jovo|cpnort, .oscJ.co .||cc.t|cr .rJ .ct|v|t|os .|noJ .t c.o.t|rg . |.vcJ..b|o
or.b||rg orv|.crnort
Catchment area
A.o. J..|roJ by . .|vo. syston A|sc .o|o..oJ tc .s . ..to.s|oJ
CiviI society
|og.| c.g.r|s.t|crs c. g.cJp|rgs t|.t ..o rct p..t c| t|o st.to bJt ..o c.p.b|o c| |r||Jorc|rg pJb||c pc||cy
|v|| scc|oty oxo.c|sos cc||oct|vo .ct|cr ..cJrJ s|..oJ |rto.osts, pJ.pcsos .rJ v.|Jos
CiviI works
|r|..st.JctJ.o c.o.toJ c. ccrst.JctoJ |c. t|o boro||t c. Jso c| t|o goro..| pJb||c (og ..to. sJpp|y
systons)
l46
Concerted action
Soo St.ko|c|Jo. J|.|cgJo .rJ ccrco.toJ .ct|cr (S|A), bo|c.
Demand management
|o Jso c| p.|co, ,J.rt|t.t|vo .ost.|ct|crs, .rJ ct|o. Jov|cos tc n.r.go Jon.rJ |c. ..to., |Jo.||y by
.oJJc|rg |oss ossort|.| c. v.|J.b|o Jso
Demand
|r occrcn|c to.ns, Jon.rJ |s .r oxp.oss|cr c| .||||rgross tc p.y |c. gccJs c. so.v|cos |croccrcn|sts
c|tor JrJo.st.rJ |t .s bo|rg t|o s.no .s rooJs c. .o,J|.onorts |r t|oso gJ|Jo||ros |t |s JsoJ scno.|o.o
bot.oor t|o t.c .s .r oxp.oss|cr c| rooJ b.soJ cr .r JrJo.st.rJ|rg .rJ .ccopt.rco c| t|o ncrot..y
.rJ ct|o. ccsts t|.t . g|vor |ovo| c| so.v|co ort.||s
Demographics
|o c|...cto.|st|cs c| . pcpJ|.t|cr sJc| .s .go, sox, n..|t.| st.tJs, |.n||y s|.o, oJJc.t|cr, gocg..p||c
|cc.t|cr .rJ cccJp.t|cr |oncg..p||c .r.|ys|s |rvc|vos .r.|ys|rg t.orJs sJc| .s pcpJ|.t|cr g.c.t|
..tos
ffectiveness
|xtort tc .||c| .ctJ.| po.|c.n.rco sJccooJs |r noot|rg t..gotoJ po.|c.n.rco c. .|ns
fficiency
|o ..t|c c| t|o o||oct|vo c. Jso|J| cJtpJt tc t|o tct.| |rpJt |r .ry syston ||||c|orcy (og |..|g.t|cr
o|||c|orcy) |s JsJ.||y Jo||roJ sc t|.t |t c.r bo no.sJ..b|o .rJ c|tor oxp.ossoJ .s . po.cort.go
nabIing environment
|o pc||c|os .rJ |og|s|.t|cr (|rto.r.t|cr.|, r.t|cr.|, J|st.|ct .rJ |cc.|) t|.t ccrst|tJto t|o .J|os c| t|o
g.no .rJ or.b|o (c. ct|o..|so) st.ko|c|Jo.s tc p..t|c|p.to |r gcvo.r.rco
quity
|o Jog.oo tc .||c| J|||o.ort |rJ|v|JJ.|s c. g.cJps .|t||r . ccnnJr|ty c. scc|oty |.vo .r o,J.|
cppc.tJr|ty tc boro||t |.cn . .o|ov.rt gccJ c. so.v|co Ar o,J|tyb.soJ .pp.c.c| .o,J|.os spoc|.|
.ttort|cr tc noot|rg t|o rooJs c| t|o ncst n..g|r.||soJ nonbo.s c| scc|oty .|c n.y ct|o..|so bo
oxc|JJoJ |.cn boro||ts |,J|ty c| .ccoss tc ..to. Jcos rct rocoss..||y no.r t|.t ovo.ybcJy |.s t|o s.no
.ccoss, s|rco |..|g.tc.s, p.cJJco.s .rJ |cJso|c|Js |.vo J|||o.ort rooJs |,J|ty Jcos no.r t|.t J|||o.ort
|rto.osts ..o Joto.n|roJ |r . |.|. .rJ .o.scr.b|o ..y
xternaIity
Ar occrcn|c to.n |c. t|o o||oct c| cro p..tys .ct|crs cr .rct|o. p..ty, c|tor |grc.oJ |r ||r.rc|.|
.ssossnorts .rJ |r Joc|s|cr n.k|rg by t|o p..ty c.Js|rg t|o o||octs (.||c| n.y bo Jr|rtorJoJ .rJ
rcrncrot..y)
IaciIitator/IaciIitation
A |.c|||t.tc. Jsos ||s c. |o. sk|||s tc |o|p . g.cJp JrJo.st.rJ t|o|. ccnncr .rJ J|||o.ort p.cb|ons, .o.c|
. ccrsorsJs cr cboct|vos .rJ p|.r tc .c||ovo t|on |o |.c|||t.tc. |o|ps tc orsJ.o t|.t .|| |rto.osts ..o
t.kor |rtc .cccJrt bJt Jcos rct po.scr.||y t.k|rg s|Jos |o |.c|||t.tc. .ss|sts t|o g.cJp |r .c||ov|rg .
ccrsorsJs cr .ry p.oox|st|rg J|s.g.oonorts c. t|cso t|.t ono.go JJ.|rg t|o p.ccoss, c.o.t|rg . st.crg
b.s|s |c. |JtJ.o .ct|cr |cto t|.t p.ccoss |.c|||t.t|cr |s .r crgc|rg |crgto.n p.ccoss, nJc| Joopo. t|.r
noot|rg |.c|||t.t|cr, .||c| |s .o|.toJ tc t|o sncct| .Jrr|rg c| . s|rg|o noot|rg
l47
Gender
CorJo. .o|.tos tc t|o J|||o.ort .c|os p|.yoJ by nor .rJ .cnor, bcys .rJ g|.|s boc.Jso c| scc|ot.| .rJ
cJ|tJ..| oxpoct.t|crs c. pc.o. .o|.t|crs||ps A gorJo. b.soJ .pp.c.c| no.rs .occgr|s|rg .rJ Jo.||rg
oxp||c|t|y .|t| t|oso J|||o.orcos boc.Jso gorJo. .c|os ..o c|tor t.kor |c. g..rtoJ, . gorJo. .pp.c.c|
|np||os .r o|onort c| onpc.o.nort c| .cnor |c.ovo., . gorJo. .pp.c.c| |s .bcJt t|o .c|os c|
.cnor .rJ nor, rct cr|y .bcJt .cnor CorJo. |s c|cso|y .o|.toJ tc |ssJos c| o,J|ty (soo .bcvo)
Gender mainstreaming
CorJo. n.|rst.o.n|rg orsJ.os t|.t gorJo. |ro,J|t|os ..o .JJ.ossoJ |r .|| Joc|s|crn.k|rg p.ccossos
GeographicaI information system (GIS)
A ccnpJto. syston |c. stc..go, .r.|ys|s .rJ .ot.|ov.| c| |r|c.n.t|cr, |r .||c| .|| t|o J.t. ..o sp.t|.||y
.o|o.orcoJ by gocg..p||c ccc.J|r.tos C|S torJs tc stc.o s|n||.. J.t. |r |.yo.s |c. |rst.rco |r|c.n.t|cr
.bcJt .o||s |r cro |.yo., .c.Js |r .rct|o., .rJ occrcn|c .ct|v|t|os |r .rct|o. ||||o.ort |.yo.s c.r bo
ccJoJ .rJ sJpo.|npcsoJ cr cro .rct|o. tc c.o.to v|sJ.| J|sp|.ys (n.ps) .rJ .r.|ysoJ |r J|||o.ort ..ys
V.ry C|S .|sc ccrt.|r ncJo|||rg o|onorts |c. |rst.rco |yJ.c|cg|c.| ncJo|s t|.t goro..to st.o.n ||c.s
|.cn |r|c.n.t|cr cr sc||s, tcpcg..p|y, .rJ ..|r|.||
Governance
\.to. gcvo.r.rco .o|.tos tc t|o ..rgo c| pc||t|c.|, scc|.|, occrcn|c .rJ .Jn|r|st..t|vo systons |r p|.co
tc Jovo|cp .rJ n.r.go ..to. .oscJ.cos .rJ t|o Jo||vo.y c| ..to. so.v|cos .t J|||o.ort |ovo|s c| scc|oty
|oso gJ|Jo||ros |ccJs p..t|cJ|..|y cr |cc.| .rJ |rto.noJ|.to |ovo| ..to. gcvo.r.rco t|.t |s gcvo.r.rco
..rg|rg |.cn ccnnJr|ty tc J|st.|ct c. gcvo.rc..to |ovo|s
GIobaI positioning system (GPS)
A syston c| 24 s.to|||tos .||c| c|.c|o t|o o..t| t.|co . J.y .rJ t..rsn|t |r|c.n.t|cr tc o..t| || C|S
|.rJsots ..o .b|o tc .oco|vo s|gr.|s |.cn t|.oo c. nc.o s.to|||tos, t|oy ..o .b|o tc c.|cJ|.to t|o ccc.J|r.tos
c| t|o|. cJ..ort |cc.t|cr
Groundwater
|rJo.g.cJrJ ..to. t|.t c.r bo .bst..ctoJ |.cn bc.o|c|os c. .o||s Js|rg pJnps c. bJckots C.cJrJ..to.
ox|sts |r .,J||o.s (soo .bcvo), |r t|o sp.cos bot.oor sc|| (pc.os) .rJ .ccks, |r c..cks .rJ ||ssJ.os |r||ko
sc|| nc|stJ.o, |t |s rct bcJrJ tc t|o sc||/.cck .rJ |s |.oo tc ||c. JrJo. t|o |c.co c| g..v|ty |c. |rst.rco
|rtc . .o|| c. |rtc .|vo.s, c. c.r bo |c.coJ tc t|o sJ.|.co .s . sp.|rg
Indicator
Scnot||rg no.sJ..b|o t|.t .cts .s . sJ..cg.to n..ko. |c. . ccrJ|t|cr t|.t ycJ c.rrct o.s||y no.sJ.o
J|.oct|y |c. ox.np|o, |ovo|s c| J|...|co.| J|so.so |r . ccnnJr|ty c.r bo .r |rJ|c.tc. c| t|o ,J.||ty c|
..to. .rJ c| |yg|oro p..ct|cos |o p.cpc.t|cr c| . pcpJ|.t|cr .|t| sJst.|r.b|o .ccoss tc .r |np.cvoJ
..to. scJ.co |s .r c|||c|.| |rJ|c.tc. c| t|o V|||orr|Jn |ovo|cpnort Cc.| t..got tc |.|vo by 2015 t|o
p.cpc.t|cr c| pocp|o .|t|cJt sJst.|r.b|o .ccoss tc s.|o J.|rk|rg ..to. .rJ s.r|t.t|cr ||rJ|rg t|o .|g|t
|rJ|c.tc.s tc no.sJ.o |s .r |npc.t.rt p..t c| ncr|tc.|rg .rJ ov.|J.t|cr
Information
|.t. t|.t |s c.ptJ.oJ .rJ stc.oJ typ|c.||y |r ..|ttor |c.n, bJt .|sc .s .JJ|c c. v|Joc .occ.J|rgs, |r
J|.g..ns .rJ p|ctJ.os otc |t |s scnot|nos .o|o..oJ tc .s oxp||c|t krc.|oJgo |r|c.n.t|cr c.r bo (.o|.t|vo|y)
o.s||y t..rs|o..oJ |.cn cro po.scr tc .rct|o. Soo .|sc krc.|oJgo bo|c.
Information management
|.ccoss c| g.t|o.|rg, stc.|rg, .r.|ys|rg .rJ J|sson|r.t|rg |r|c.n.t|cr rooJoJ |c. . spoc|||c pJ.pcso,
sJc| .s p|.rr|rg c. n.k|rg n.r.gonort Joc|s|crs
l48
Infrastructure
|r t|o ccrtoxt c| t|oso gJ|Jo||ros .rJ t|o |||A |..no.c.k (soo bo|c.), |r|..st.JctJ.o .o|o.s tc t|o systons
(|..J...o .rJ sc|t...o) t|.t ..o rooJoJ |c. .bst..ct|rg, t.o.t|rg .rJ ccrvoy|rg ..to. |c. J|||o.ort
pJ.pcsos .rJ t|o |rst|tJt|crs .o,J|.oJ tc n.r.go t|oso .ct|v|t|os
InstitutionaI IeveI
St.ko|c|Jo. J|.|cgJo t.kos p|.co .t J|||o.ort |rst|tJt|cr.| |ovo|s, .o|o..|rg tc .|o.o, .rJ .t .|.t sc.|o,
|rst|tJt|crs |Jrct|cr, |.cn |cc.| |ovo| tc |rto.noJ|.to, r.t|cr.| .rJ |rto.r.t|cr.| |ovo|s
Integrated water resources management (IWRM)
A p.ccoss .||c| p.cnctos t|o ccc.J|r.toJ Jovo|cpnort .rJ n.r.gonort c| ..to., |.rJ .rJ
.o|.toJ .oscJ.cos, |r c.Jo. tc n.x|n|so occrcn|c .rJ scc|.| .o||..o |r .r o,J|t.b|o n.rro. .|t|cJt
ccnp.cn|s|rg t|o sJst.|r.b|||ty c| v|t.| occsystons
Intermediate IeveI and IocaI IeveI
|r t|o ccrtoxt c| t|oso gJ|Jo||ros, t|o |cc.| |ovo| ccnp.|sos tc.rs, v|||.gos, |.n|ots otc, .|||o t|o
|rto.noJ|.to |ovo| |s ccrs|Jo.oJ tc bo J|st.|cts .rJ gcvo.rc..tos
key stakehoIders
Soo St.ko|c|Jo.s, bo|c.
knowIedge
|r|c.n.t|cr t|.t |.s boor |rto.r.||soJ .rJ c.r bo JsoJ .c|t krc.|oJgo |s .|.t pocp|o krc. .rJ t.ko
|c. g..rtoJ |o krc.|oJgo c| pocp|o |r ccnnJr|t|os |s Joop .rJ c|tor JrJo.ost|n.toJ by t|cso .|c
b.|rg ro. |r|c.n.t|cr
Management
|o Joc|s|crn.k|rg .rJ cvo.soo|rg p.ccoss .|o.oby . p|.r c. . ccJ.so c| .ct|cr |s .g.ooJ cr .rJ
|np|onortoJ ||.rr|rg |s . n.r.gonort |Jrct|cr .s ..o t|o .||cc.t|cr c| .oscJ.cos .rJ .osc|Jt|crs
c| ccr|||cts c| |rto.ost |||oct|vo n.r.gonort |s cr|y pcss|b|o .|or n.r.go.s |.vo .ccoss tc .o||.b|o
|r|c.n.t|cr
MarginaIised
V..g|r.||s.t|cr |s t|o cvo.t c. ccvo.t p.ccoss .|o.oby sJbg.cJps torJ tc bo oxc|JJoJ by .|Jo. scc|oty
V..g|r.||soJ scc|.| g.cJps torJ tc bo pcc. .rJ |.vo ||n|toJ .ccoss tc ..to. |c. bct| Jcnost|c .rJ
p.cJJct|vo pJ.pcsos |oy .|sc torJ tc bo oxc|JJoJ |.cn .rJ/c. Jr.b|o tc |r||Jorco Joc|s|crn.k|rg
p.ccossos t|.t |r||Jorco t|o|. .ccoss tc s.|o ..to. V..g|r.||soJ g.cJps c|tor |.vo |c. st.tJs .rJ ..o
po.co|voJ by ct|o.s .s |.ck|rg Jos|..b|o t..|ts c. bo|rg cJts|Jo rc.n.| scc|oty
Mesqa
|o t||.J |ovo| c| |..|g.t|cr c.r.|s |r |gypt |.|n..y .rJ soccrJ..y c.r.|s ..o |..go, ||roJ, .rJ n.r.goJ
by t|o st.to o.t|..y c.r.|s c. nos,.s ..o ||o|J |ovo|, typ|c.||y Jr||roJ, .rJ n.r.goJ by |..no. (..to.
Jso.) g.cJps
ModeIIing
cnpJto.b.soJ systons t|.t Jso n.t|on.t|c.| |c.nJ|.s tc .op.osort systons .rJ p.ccossos A ncJo|
t|.t |s .r .ccopt.b|o .op.osort.t|cr c| . g|vor syston c. p.ccoss, c.r bo JsoJ tc .rs.o. |ypct|ot|c.|
.|.t || ,Jost|crs .rJ/c. tc .ssoss t|o sors|t|v|ty c| . syston c. c|.rgo p.ccoss
l49
Monitoring and evaIuation
Vcr|tc.|rg |s t|o ccrt|rJcJs .ssossnort c| p.coct (c. p.cg..nno) |np|onort.t|cr |r .o|.t|cr tc
.g.ooJ sc|oJJ|os .rJ t|o Jso c| |rpJts, |r|..st.JctJ.o .rJ so.v|cos by boro||c|..|os |v.|J.t|cr |s t|o
po.|cJ|c .ssossnort c| . p.coct (c. p.cg..nno) .|t| .ospoct tc .o|ov.rco, po.|c.n.rco, o|||c|orcy, .rJ
|np.ct .o|.t|vo tc st.toJ cboct|vos Vcr|tc.|rg |s .bcJt koop|rg . ||c. c| .o|ov.rt |r|c.n.t|cr .bcJt .
p.cg..nno, .|||o ov.|J.t|cr |s nc.o .bcJt n.k|rg . JJgonort cr |c. |.. .|ns |.vo boor not
Ownership
|cssoss|cr c| c. ccrt.c| cvo. .r cboct, |.rJ, ..to., |rto||octJ.| p.cpo.ty c. s|n||.. O.ro.s||p n.y bo
oxc|Js|vo c. s|..oJ |r .o|.t|cr tc . p.cg..nno c. |rto.vort|cr, |t |s tc Jc .|t| bo|rg |r t|o J.|v|rg so.t
.|t| . s|gr|||c.rt |r||Jorco cr Joc|s|crs, ..t|o. t|.r s|np|y bo|rg . boro||c|..y
Participation
|..t|c|p.t|cr |r ..to. gcvo.r.rco no.rs |.v|rg . st.ko c. s|..o |r Joc|s|crn.k|rg p.ccossos
|..t|c|p.tc.y p.ccossos .ct|vo|y .ttonpt tc |rvc|vo t|o pJb||c c. st.ko|c|Jo.s |r J|.|cgJos .rJ Joc|s|cr
n.k|rg p.ccossos tc orsJ.o t|.t Joc|s|crs n.tc| rooJs .rJ .sp|..t|crs
Partnership
|r t|o ccrtoxt c| t|oso gJ|Jo||ros, p..tro.s||ps .o|o. tc .g.oonorts .rJ ....rgonorts bot.oor
c.g.r|s.t|crs tc .c.k cccpo..t|vo|y tc .c||ovo . pJb||c pc||cy cboct|vo |c. .||c| t|o.o |s 1) S|..oJ
.Jt|c.|ty .rJ .ospcrs|b|||ty |c. .osJ|ts, 2) 'c|rt |rvostnort c| .oscJ.cos (t|no, |JrJ|rg, oxpo.t|so), 3)
S|..oJ .|skt.k|rg, .rJ 4) VJtJ.| boro||t
PIan
A cc|o.ort sot c| Joc|s|crs .bcJt t|o Jso c| .oscJ.cos, t..rs|.toJ |rtc .ct|v|t|os .|t| t|o pctort|.| tc
.c||ovo .g.ooJ cboct|vos A p|.r |rc|JJos .r oxp||c|t st.tonort c| not|cJs, ccsts, .ospcrs|b|||t|os,
sc|oJJ|o c| .ct|v|t|os .rJ t..gots ||.rr|rg |s t|o p.ccoss c| c.o.t|rg .rJ .o||r|rg . p|.r, c. |rtog..t|rg |t
.|t| ct|o. p|.rs
PoIicy
Ar cvo...c||rg st.tonort c| .|ns c. p.|rc|p|os tc gJ|Jo Joc|s|crs .rJ .ct|crs |c||c|os n.y bo .JcptoJ
by gcvo.rnort, p.|v.to soctc. c.g.r|s.t|crs .rJ g.cJps, c. |rJ|v|JJ.|s A pc||cy p.ccoss |Jort|||os
.|to.r.t|vo p.cg..nno c. sporJ|rg p.|c.|t|os .rJ c|ccsos .ncrg t|on cr t|o b.s|s c| t|o|. |np.ct
|c||c|os c.r bo JrJo.stccJ .s pc||t|c.|, n.r.gonort, ||r.rc|.|, .rJ .Jn|r|st..t|vo noc|.r|sns ....rgoJ
tc .o.c| oxp||c|t gc.|s |c||cy .||grnort |s t|o p.ccoss by .||c| ccrs|storcy |s .c||ovoJ .c.css . rJnbo.
c| pc||c|os t|.t |.vo t|o pctort|.| tc |rto.|o.o .|t| o.c| ct|o. |c||c|os .rJ |og|s|.t|cr tcgot|o. c.o.to t|o
or.b||rg orv|.crnort (soo .bcvo) .rJ sJppc.ts (c., .|or |.ck|rg, ||rJo.s) gccJ gcvo.r.rco
Participatory ruraI appraisaI (PRA) tooIs
A ..rgo c| p..t|c|p.tc.y tcc|s Jos|groJ tc |rvc|vo st.ko|c|Jo.s |r t|o cc||oct|cr .rJ .r.|ys|s c| |r|c.n.t|cr,
.rJ t|o.o|c.o tc |rvc|vo t|on .ct|vo|y |r p.ccossos c| |np.cvonort .rJ c|.rgo O.|g|r.||y Jov|soJ |r
.J..| sott|rgs, t|oy ..o rc. .|Jo|y JsoJ .rJ JsJ.||y krc.r s|np|y .s ||A tcc|s Scnot|nos .o|o..oJ tc by
ct|o. .c.cryns sJc| .s |..t|c|p.tc.y |o..r|rg .rJ Act|cr (||A) c. |.p|J |J..| App..|s.| (||A)
ProbIem focused
Ar .pp.c.c| tc p|.rr|rg t|.t st..ts .|t| .r .r.|ys|s c| p.cb|ons .rJ n.tc|os sc|Jt|crs tc t|oso p.cb|ons
|t ccrt..sts .|t| .pp.c.c|os .||c| .ssJno t|.t sc|Jt|crs tc p.cb|ons ..o Jr|vo.s.||y .pp||c.b|o .rJ t|.t
cro s|.o ||ts .||
l50
ProbIem tree
A v|sJ.| p.cb|on.r.|ys|s tcc| t|.t c.r bo JsoJ tc spoc||y .rJ |rvost|g.to |r . st.JctJ.oJ ..y t|o c.Jsos
.rJ o||octs c| . p.cb|on, tc ||g|||g|t .o|.t|crs||ps bot.oor t|on .rJ tc p.cncto st.ko|c|Jo. J|.|cgJo
|o Jso c| . p.cb|on t.oo Joopors .r.|ys|s .rJ .c||ovos . botto. JrJo.st.rJ|rg c| JrJo.|y|rg p.cb|ons,
t|Js |o|p|rg tc |Jort||y .cct c.Jsos
Process documentation
|r t|o ccrtoxt c| t|oso gJ|Jo||ros, p.ccoss JccJnort.t|cr |ccJsos cr ncr|tc.|rg .rJ JccJnort|rg
p.ccossos by .||c| ..to..o|.toJ Joc|s|crs ..o n.Jo |t .||c.s .o||oct|cr cr p.ccossos c| c|.rgo t|.cJg|
t|o oyos c| t|cso t.k|rg p..t
Process faciIitation
Soo |.c|||t.t|cr
Management cycIe
A p.coct c. p.cg..nno p.ccooJs t|.cJg| ovc|Jt|cr..y st.gos |.cn v|s|cr|rg tc p|.rr|rg tc
|np|onort.t|cr .rJ ov.|J.t|cr, .s p..t c| .r |Jort|||.b|o, ..t|cr.| cyc|o c| Jovo|cpnort |o rooJ tc
n.r.go t|o cyc|o t|.cJg| .|| |ts v..|cJs st.gos |s cort..|, .rJ t||s s|cJ|J bo JrJo.stccJ .s n.r.g|rg .
p.ccoss, ..t|o. t|.r . so.|os c| croc|| ovorts
RAAkS
|AA|S (..p|J .pp..|s.| c| .g.|cJ|tJ..| krc.|oJgo systons) |s . p..t|c|p.tc.y .ct|cr .oso..c| not|cJc|cgy
t|.t p.cv|Jos ..ys |c. t|cso |rvc|voJ |r ccnp|ox s|tJ.t|crs tc JrJo.st.rJ .|.t |s |.ppor|rg .rJ tc
bog|r tc ||rJ .rs.o.s |c. t|onso|vos
|c. nc.o |r|c.n.t|cr soo |ttp//...k|tr|/sn..ts|tos|tn|`c||Ab|J4616|..t|oscJ.cos
Resistance to change
|os|st.rco tc c|.rgo |s .ct|cr t.kor by |rJ|v|JJ.|s c. g.cJps tc |.Jst..to c. s|c. Jc.r . p.ccoss c.
c|.rgo t|.t t|oy po.co|vo .s . t|.o.t |t c.r bo o|t|o. ccrsc|cJs c. Jrccrsc|cJs
RIDA framework
|o .oscJ.cos|r|..st.JctJ.oJon.rJ.ccoss (|||A) |..no.c.k |s .r .r.|yt|c.| |..no.c.k t|.t |o|ps
tc st.JctJ.o ..to. .o|.toJ |r|c.n.t|cr |cg|c.||y .rJ t..rsp..ort|y |t |s JsoJ tc Jovo|cp ..to. .oscJ.co
.ssossnorts (\|As soo bo|c.) A |||A |..no.c.k t.kos |rtc .cccJrt Jso.s Jon.rJ |c. ..to., p.cv|Jo.
ccrco.rs .s n.r.go.s c| |r|..st.JctJ.o, .rJ t|o r.tJ..| .oscJ.cos cr .||c| t|oy .|| .o|y .rJ .||c| nJst
bo n.r.goJ .rJ p.ctoctoJ
Rights-based approach
Ar .pp.c.c| .||c| .og..Js .ccoss tc ..to. (|c. ox.np|o) .s . .|g|t, c.r bo ccrt..stoJ tc .r .pp.c.c|
.||c| soos ccnnJr|t|os .s boro||c|..|os c| .|J c. c|..|ty A .|g|tsb.soJ .pp.c.c| |ccJsos cr bJ||J|rg
pocp|os ....oross c| t|o|. .|g|ts (.rJ .ospcrs|b|||t|os) .rJ onpc.o.s t|on tc Jon.rJ t|o|. .|g|ts |.cn
t|cso .|c ..o .cccJrt.b|o |c. p.cv|J|rg t|on
Risk
A ccnb|r.t|cr c| t|o |r|o.ort Jrco.t.|rty .bcJt .|ot|o. . st..togy .rJ/c. p|.r .||| .c||ovo .r .g.ooJ
orJ .rJ t|o .Jvo.so o||octs c| |.||J.o ||sks n.y bo ||g| boc.Jso t|o cJtccno |s Jrco.t.|r c. boc.Jso t|o
ccrso,Jorcos c| .r .Jvo.so cJtccno .cJ|J bo sovo.o, c. bct| |r n.ry c.sos, .|sks c.r bo n|t|g.toJ by
c...y|rg cJt . .|sk .ssossnort .rJ by ncJ||y|rg st..tog|os .rJ/c. p|.rs .ccc.J|rg|y
l5l
ScaIe
|r t|oso gJ|Jo||ros, sc.|o .o|o.s tc tonpc..| .rJ sp.t|.| bcJrJ..|os .|t||r .||c| Joc|s|crs ..o n.Jo
c. .o|ov.rt ovorts cccJ. \.to. n.r.gonort cboct|vos .rJ gcvo.r.rco |ssJos ..o JsJ.||y sc.|o
JoporJort
Scenario buiIding
A scor..|c |s . Josc.|pt|cr c| . pcss|b|o |JtJ.o s|tJ.t|cr, J...r Jp by ccrs|Jo.|rg |.ctc.s t|.t ..o bct|
|npc.t.rt .rJ Jrco.t.|r Scor..|cs ..o stc.|os .bcJt t|o ..y t|o .c.|J n|g|t tJ.r cJt tcnc..c.
Scor..|c bJ||J|rg |rvc|vos st.ko|c|Jo.s |r c|rt|y Jovo|cp|rg . sot c| r....t|vo scor..|cs .s . b.s|s |c.
|Jort||y|rg pcss|b|o st..tog|os tc...Js .o.c||rg . s|..oJ v|s|cr c| t|o |JtJ.o |....t|vo scor..|cs ..o
b.soJ cr oxtors|crs c| cJ..ort t.orJs .rJ krc.|oJgo .bcJt Jrco.t.|rty, .rJ typ|c.||y .o|.to tc |.ctc.s,
sJc| .s pcpJ|.t|cr g.c.t| c. t|o occrcn|c c||n.to, t|.t ..o cJts|Jo t|o J|.oct ccrt.c| c| st.ko|c|Jo.s
|oy |rc|JJo bct| ,J.||t.t|vo .rJ ,J.rt|t.t|vo |r|c.n.t|cr
Semi-structured interview
A||c.s |c. |ccJsoJ, ccrvo.s.t|cr.|, t.c..y ccnnJr|c.t|cr, tc g|vo c. .oco|vo |r|c.n.t|cr |o
|rto.v|o.o. st..ts .|t| . |..no.c.k c| b.c.J ,Jost|crs, bJt .||c.s t|o po.scr bo|rg |rto.v|o.oJ tc
J|vo.go |rtc ..o.s c| |rto.ost (|r ccrt..st tc . |c.n.| st.JctJ.oJ |rto.v|o., .|o.o Jot.||oJ ,Jost|crs ..o
p.op..oJ .rJ |c||c.oJ |r st.|ct c.Jo.)
StakehoIders
|r t|o ccrtoxt c| |V|O\||S, st.ko|c|Jo.s ..o |rst|tJt|crs .rJ |rJ|v|JJ.|s .|t| .r |rto.ost |r ..to.
.oscJ.cos, .|c ..o pctort|.||y .||octoJ by Joc|s|crs .o|.t|rg tc ..to. .oscJ.co n.r.gonort
|oy st.ko|c|Jo.s ..o t|o st.ko|c|Jo.s ncst |npc.t.rt tc t|o p.ccoss c. ncst st.crg|y .||octoJ by t|o
cJtccno |cto t|.t t||s Jcos rct .o|o. tc t|o|. st.tJs bJt tc t|o|. s|gr|||c.rco |r t|o p.ccoss Ccvo.rnort
.gorc|os .rJ ccnnJr|ty b.soJ c.g.r|s.t|crs n.y bct| bo koy st.ko|c|Jo.s |oy st.ko|c|Jo.s nJst bo
b.cJg|t |rtc t|o p.ccoss, .rJ kopt |rvc|voJ
StakehoIder diaIogue
Soo st.ko|c|Jo. J|.|cgJo .rJ ccrco.toJ .ct|cr, bo|c.
StakehoIder diaIogue and concerted action (SDCA)
A |c.n.||soJ p.ccoss c| |rto..ct|crs .rJ J|scJss|crs bot.oor st.ko|c|Jo.s .|noJ .t .r.|ys|rg ccnpot|rg
|rto.osts .rJ v|o.s cr t|o r.tJ.o .rJ sovo.|ty c| ..to. sJpp|y p.cb|ons, .osc|v|rg J|||o.orcos .rJ
.o.c||rg . ccrsorsJs cr |c. bost tc t.ck|o t|oso p.cb|ons |r . ..y t|.t |s o|||c|ort, o,J|t.b|o .rJ
sJst.|r.b|o Act|cr c. .ct|v|ty |s .g.ooJ t|.cJg| st.ko|c|Jo. J|.|cgJo .rJ p|.rroJ .rJ .JJstoJ c|rt|y
|o .ct|cr c. .ct|v|ty |s c...|oJ cJt by st.ko|c|Jo.s c. JrJo. t|o sJpo.v|s|cr c| st.ko|c|Jo.s .|t| t|o .|n
c| .c||ov|rg . ccnncr v|s|cr S|A |s noJ|.toJ by cro c. nc.o |.c|||t.tc.s
StakehoIder pIatform
|o |c.Jn .|o.o g.cJps c| st.ko|c|Jo.s .|t| . ccnncr |rto.ost, c. p.cb|on J|scJss .rJ n.ko Joc|s|crs
.bcJt .ct|crs tcgot|o. St.ko|c|Jo. J|.|cgJo, ccr|||ct .osc|Jt|cr .rJ |rtog..toJ p|.rr|rg .|| |.ppor
|o.o A st.ko|c|Jo. p|.t|c.n c.r t.ko t|o |c.n c| . .ogJ|.. ccnn|ttoo noot|rg c. . so.|os c| v|||.go
noot|rgs c. .c.ks|cps |t JsJ.||y |rvc|vos . p|.rroJ so.|os c| noot|rgs .rJ .ct|v|t|os t|.t b.|rg J|||o.ort
st.ko|c|Jo.s tcgot|o. A koy .spoct |s noJ|.t|cr (by . |.c|||t.tc. c. |.c|||t.tc.s) Js|rg . ..rgo c| tcc|s .rJ
not|cJs, |o.J|rg tc ccrst.Jct|vo J|.|cgJo
Strategy
A st..togy |s . noJ|Jn tc |crgto.n p|.rr|rg |..no.c.k .|t||r .||c| spoc|||c .ct|v|t|os ..o Josc.|boJ
.rJ p|.rs |np|onortoJ Ovo. t|no, .r o||oct|vo st..togy s|cJ|J |o.J tc . v|s|cr bo|rg .c||ovoJ
l52
Strategic pIanning
St..tog|c p|.rr|rg ccrs|sts c| t|o p.ccoss c| Jo||r|rg cboct|vos .rJ Jovo|cp|rg st..tog|os tc .o.c| .r
.g.ooJ v|s|cr St..tog|c p|.rr|rg |s oxpoctoJ tc cpo..to cr . |..go. sc.|o (|r t|no c. sp.co) tc t.ko |r t|o
b|g p|ctJ.o |r ccrt..st tc t.ct|c.| p|.rr|rg, .||c| |ccJsos cr |rJ|v|JJ.| Jot.||oJ .ct|v|t|os
Subsidiarity
|o rct|cr t|.t Joc|s|crn.k|rg s|cJ|J cccJ. .t t|o |ovo| .|o.o t|o pocp|o ncst J|.oct|y ccrco.roJ
c.r t.ko .ospcrs|b|||ty |sJ.||y, t||s no.rs t|.t Joc|s|crs s|cJ|J bo t.kor .t t|o |c.ost pcss|b|o .o|ov.rt
|ovo|
Summary sheets
|r t|oso gJ|Jo||ros, sJnn..y s|oots p.cv|Jo . ccrc|so sJnn..y c| t|o cJtpJts |.cn J|.|cgJo .rJ
n.r.gonort p.ccossos, bJ||t Jp Js|rg cJtpJts |.cn J|||o.ort .ct|v|t|os .rJ p|.sos, .rJ JsoJ tc orsJ.o
t|.t t|o cJtccnos c| st.ko|c|Jo. J|.|cgJo ..o J|sson|r.toJ tc .|| t|cso .||octoJ
SustainabiIity
SJst.|r.b|||ty .o|.tos tc t|o .b|||ty c| . syston c. so.v|co tc ccrt|rJo |rJo||r|to|y |t c|tor |.s t|o
ccrrct.t|cr t|.t t||s c.r bo .c||ovoJ .|t|cJt cJts|Jo |rto.|o.orco SJst.|r.b|o Jovo|cpnort .o|o.s tc
. Jovo|cpnort p.t| t|.t n.x|n|sos .o||bo|rg |c. tcJ.ys goro..t|cr .|t|cJt J.n.g|rg p.cspocts |c.
|JtJ.o goro..t|crs SJst.|r.b|||ty |np||os t|.t |Jn.r|ty .rJ r.tJ..| .oscJ.cos ..o |r |..ncry, sc t|.t
cJ..ort Jso c.r ccrt|rJo .|t|cJt Jost.cy|rg, Js|rg Jp c. pc||Jt|rg .oscJ.cos |c. t|o |JtJ.o
SWO7
St.orgt|s, .o.krossos, cppc.tJr|t|os .rJ t|.o.ts S\O .r.|ys|s |s JsoJ tc p.cncto st.ko|c|Jo. J|.|cgJo
.rJ tc |Jort||y pcs|t|vo .rJ rog.t|vo |.ctc.s sc t|.t pctort|.| sc|Jt|crs c.r bo |cJrJ tc ..to..o|.toJ
p.cb|ons
7rade-off
|o b.|.rco bot.oor .|.t |s g.|roJ .rJ .|.t nJst bo g|vor Jp, .|or .r (occrcn|c) Joc|s|cr |s
n.Jo
7ransparency
Oporross |r Joc|s|cr n.k|rg .rJ .oscJ.co .||cc.t|cr sc t|.t t|cso .||octoJ krc. .|c tcck Joc|s|crs,
.|or, .rJ .ccc.J|rg tc .|.t c.|to.|. .rJ .J|os ..rsp..orcy .||c.s t|cso .||octoJ by Joc|s|crs tc
sc.Jt|r|so t|o p.ccoss .rJ tc c|.||orgo .|.t t|oy bo||ovo tc bo Jr|.|. c. cc..Jpt Joc|s|crs A t..rsp..ort
p.ccoss no.rs t|.t ovo.ycro |s |rvc|voJ |r Jp|c|J|rg st.rJ..Js c| |.|.ross .rJ o,J|ty Soo .|sc
.cccJrt.b|||ty
7rianguIation
A not|cJ c| cc..cbc..t|rg t|o .ccJ..cy c| |r|c.n.t|cr by ccnp..|rg J|||o.ort scJ.cos c. v|o.pc|rts
Uncertainty
|rco.t.|rty |rJ|c.tos . ..rgo .|t||r .||c| . no.sJ.oJ ,J.rt|ty ccJ|J bo |r o..c. |t g|vos .r .rs.o. tc t|o
,Jost|cr, |c. .o|| Jcos t|o .osJ|t .op.osort t|o t.Jo v.|Jo c| t|o ,J.rt|ty bo|rg no.sJ.oJ` |rco.t.|rty
|s |rov|t.b|o .|or .ssoss|rg krc.|oJgo, .rJ |o.Js tc .r o|onort c| .|sk (soo .bcvo) |r Joc|s|crn.k|rg
Up-scaIing
|o p.ccoss by .||c| p.cg..nnos |r p||ct stJJ|os ..o |rc.o.soJ |r s|.o c. .op||c.toJ tc ccvo. ro. .rJ
|..go. ..o.s .rJ nc.o pocp|o, .JJ.oss|rg c|.||orgos .o|.t|rg tc sJst.|r.b|||ty, ccst .rJ |rst|tJt|cr.|
c.p.c|ty
l53
VariabiIity
A no.sJ.o c| st.t|st|c.| J|spo.s|cr, |rJ|c.t|rg |c. v.|Jos ..o sp.o.J ..cJrJ t|o .vo..go c. oxpoctoJ
v.|Jo |r n.ry c.sos, ||g|o. |ovo|s c| v..|.b|||ty ..o ||rkoJ tc ||g|o. |ovo|s c| Jrco.t.|rty .rJ .|sk (soo
.bcvo)
Vision
A ccrc|so Josc.|pt|cr c| . Jos|.oJ |JtJ.o st.to \|s|crs p.cv|Jo . p|ctJ.o c| |c. .o .cJ|J ||ko t|o .c.|J tc
bo .t scno |JtJ.o t|no crsorsJs cr . ..to. .oscJ.cos .rJ so.v|cos v|s|cr |s .o,J|.oJ bo|c.o . st..togy
|s Jovo|cpoJ
Water baIance
Ar o,J.t|cr t|.t b.|rgs tcgot|o. t|o |r||c. .rJ cJt||c. c| ..to. |r . g|vor ..o. cvo. . g|vor t|no |..no,
t.k|rg |rtc .cccJrt rot c|.rgos c| stc..go
Water resource assessments (WRAs)
|rc.|oJgo .bcJt t|o cJ..ort st.tJs c| ..to. .oscJ.cos, t.orJs |r Jon.rJ .rJ ..to. Jso |s ossort|.|
tc sJccoss|J| ..to. n.r.gonort \.to. .oscJ.co .ssossnorts, JrJo. v..|cJs r.nos (sJc| .s ..to.
.cccJrt|rg .rJ ..to. .oscJ.co .JJ|t), ..o p.cnctoJ .s . koy ccnpcrort c| |rtog..toJ ..to. .oscJ.cos
n.r.gonort \|As |rvc|vo cc||.t|rg, ,J.||ty ccrt.c|||rg .rJ .r.|ys|rg soccrJ..y |r|c.n.t|cr |.cn .
.|Jo ..rgo c| scJ.cos, .|o.o rocoss..y ccnp|onort|rg |t .|t| (||n|toJ) p.|n..y J.t. cc||oct|cr |o
Jos|gr c| . \|A, |r to.ns c| ccnp|ox|ty, JJ..t|cr .rJ cJtpJts s|cJ|J bo Joto.n|roJ t|.cJg| . rooJs
.ssossnort |rvc|v|rg .|| koy st.ko|c|Jo.s
Water service deIivery
|o p.ccoss c| noot|rg t|o .|Jo v..|oty c| ..to. rooJs .rJ oxpoct.t|crs c| Jso.s .rJ cJstcno.s \.to.
so.v|cos c.r bo Josc.|boJ |r to.ns c| .ccoss, .o||.b|||ty, ,J.rt|ty .rJ ,J.||ty c| ..to. .oco|voJ
Water users
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EMPOWERS Approach To Water Governance Guidelines, Methods, and Tools

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EMPOWERS Approach To Water Governance Guidelines, Methods, and Tools

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Iigure 15: StakehoIder and stakehoIder-roIe matrix

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