la'kks/ku izdYi

^^dY;k.k e/khy ,sfrgkfld LFkGkps

gks.kkjs tru vkf.k gks.kkjs nqyZ{k
;kcn~ny erkapk vH;kl**

iqdkj ;qFk Qsyks'khi dk;ZØe varxZr vkEgh

gk la'kks/ku izdYi ^iqdkj* ;k laLFksl
lknj djhr vkgksr !

ekxZn'kZd Qsyks
dfiy pOgk.k lfpu eGxkaodj

la'kks/ku drZs
;ksfxrk eGxkaodj deykdj f'kjksls x.ks'k
f'akns
fjrs'k ?kks.ks fnus'k Egk=s
efu"k nos
vuqi dq'koa'kh x.ks'k pssoys

iwdkj ;qFk Qsyksf'ki izksxzke

2008 rs 2009

1
272] E;qfufliy VsusesUVl] f'kokth uxj] ch-,e- lh-
dkWyuh [ksjokMh jksM] ckanzk ¼iwoZ½]
eqacbZ & 400051-s

_.kfunsZ'k
izLrqr la'kks/ku izdYi lknj djrkauk eyk vR;ar
vkuan gksr vkgs- ^iwdkj* Qsyksf'ki dk;ZØekcjkscj
dke djhr vlrkauk ^^dY;k.ke/khy ,sfrgkfld LFkGkps
gks.kkjs tru vkf.k gks.kkjs nqyZ{k ;kcn~ny erkapk
vH;kl* dj.;kph la/kh feGkyh- R;kcn~ny eh ^iwdkj*
laLFksps ek- lapkfydk oanuk [kjs ;kapk loZizFke
'kr'k% _.k vkgs- R;kauh vkEgkyk gh ekSY;oku
la/kh iqUgk fnyh-
la'kks/ku iw.kZRokl us.;klkBh ekxZn'kZd Jh-
dihy pOgk.k ;kauh osGksosGh vfr'k; egRokps o
eksykps ekxZn'kZu dsys- rlsp ;ksX; fn'kk ns.;kl enr
dsyh R;kcn~ny eh R;kapk _.kh vkgs-
rlsp ^iwdkj* Qsyksf'kips osGksosGh
odZ'kkWi] feVhaxlkBh o ykx.kkÚ;k lkfgR;klkBh lrr
2
enr dj.kkjs Jh- Hkjr xkaxqMsZ ;kaps gh eu%iwoZd
vkHkkjh vkgs- rlsp izR;sd odZ'kkWi] feVhax fdaok
brj xks"Vh laca/kh lqphr dj.kkjs Jh- eukst Vax
;kapsgh vkHkkjh vkgs-

la'kks/kuklkBh dY;k.ke/khy lkoZtfud

okpuky;kP;k lgdkjh o T;kauh eqyk[kr ?ksrkauk
R;kaph ers o veqY; osG fnyk ;kaps eu%iwoZd
vkHkkj-
rlsp ;k dk;ZØekr T;kauh vkEgkyk izR;{k o
vizR;{kfjR;k lgdk;Z dsys R;k lokZaps eh o ek>k
xzqi vkHkkjh vkgs-

/kU;okn
lfpu fo".kq
eGxkaodj
flfu;j Qsyks½ o iw.kZ xzqi dY;k.k

vuqØef.kdk

v- rif'ky i`"B Ø-
ua-

3
 1 _.kfunsZ'k
2 izLrkouk 1
3 xzqi ck;ksxzkQh 3
4 la'kks/ku v/;;u i/nr 6
5 rF; Li"Vhdj.k 14
6 la'kks/kdkr >kysyk cny 36
7 fu"d"kZ o lwpuk 37
8 lanHkZ xzaFk lwph 39
9 iz'ukoyh lwph 40

izLrkouk
,sfrgkfld ik'oZHkweh %
4
 dY;k.kyk bfrgklkr lqn~/kk LFkku vkgs-
dY;k.kpk lqHksnkjokMk- R;kaph lwu tsOgk
[kftU;kP;k ywVhlg f'kokth egkjktkadMs vk.kyh
rsOgk R;kauk lUekukus iqUgk ikBo.;kr vkys-
vktgh dY;k.kyk rks okMk vkgs-

dY;k.kkr fofo/k v'kh ,sfrgkfld LFkGs vkgsr-

ijarw rh dks.kkyk ekfgrh ukgh- rj dq.kh R;kdMs
y{kp nsr ukgh- dY;k.k gs 'kgj tjh lacks/k.;kr ;sr vlys
rjh iwohZ vkf.k vktgh vktwcktwauh iw.kZ dY;k.kyk
NksV;k NksV;k xkokauh os<ya vkgs- vkf.k R;kyxr
[kkMh o un;kauh R;kyk iwjd v'kh lkFk fnyh vkgs-

Hkkjr gk [kaMizk; ns'k vkgs- vkiY;k ns'kkdMs

ikfgys o bfrgkl vkBoyk dh] ekukus Nkrh Qqxwu
;srs o ns'kkyk mToy vlk bfrgkl vkgs- Eg.krkr dh]
iwohZ ;k ns'kkyk ^lksus fd fpMh;k* Eg.kr vls- ;k
xks"Vhpk fopkj ;klkBh bFks djko;kl okVrks dh]
iwohZ vkf.k vktph fLFkrh d'kh cnyr xsyh-
R;kizek.ks dY;k.k ;k 'kgjkyk lqn~/kk ,d ,sfrgkfld
egRo ykHkysys vkgs-

5
 oSnhd dkG R;kuarjph jkts'kkgh eks?ky dkG o
uarjpk is'kos dkG o fczVh'kkapk dkG gs dkG
gksÅu xsys vkf.k R;kpcjkscj dkGkuqlkj dY;k.k ;k
foHkkxky egRo izkIr gksr xsys-

lkaxk;ps >kys rj [kÚ;k vFkkZus fczVh'k dkGkr

dkgh cny gksr xsys-

ln;fLFkrh %
dY;k.k 'kgjkyk [kwi eksB;k izek.kkr ,sfrgklhd
egRo izkIr vkgs- dY;k.k 'kgjkr f'kokth egkjkapk
nqxkZMh fdYyk] dY;k.kpk lqHksnkjokMk]
ikaModkyhu ys.kh] eksxy dkyhu ryko bR;knh
izdkjps ,sfrgkfld okLrw miyC/k vkgsr- ijarw vkt
vusd v'kh dkgh ,sfrgkfld lFkG vkgsr dh]
R;kaP;kdMs nqyZ{k dsys xsys vkgs ,d dY;k.kyk
egRo ns.kkÚ;k okLrwdMs nqyZ{k dsys tkr vkgs-
vkf.k dkgh v'kh ,sfrgkfld LFkG vkgsr dh] R;kaph tru
dsys xsys vkgs- tls lqHksnkjokMk gk f'k{k.kklkBh
mi;ksx dsyk tkrks- ijarw rsFkhy jkg.kkjs yksdkaps
R;k LFkGklaca/kh dk; er vkgs- ;kpk vH;kl dj.ks
6
xjtsps vkgs- vkf.k ;k ,sfrgkfld ekSY;oku okLrawph
ti.kwd dj.ks xjtsps vkgs vls okVrs- ijarw ;kpk folj
;sFkhy ukxjhdkauk gksr vkgs vls tk.kors-

leqgkpk n`"Vhdksu %
fo"k; fuoMrkauk ;k fo"k;kiwohZ vkEgh ikyd
vkf.k fon;kFkhZ ;kaps ukrs laca/k gk fo"k; fuoMyk
gksrk- ijarw uarj xzqiyk vls okVw ykxys dh]
dY;k.ke/ks cÚ;kp izek.kkr ,sfrgkfld Lrj fdaok egRo
izkIr >kys vkgs vkf.k ;koj dqBsrjh yksdkauk folj iMr
pkyyk vkgs- R;keqGs R;k R;k ,sfrgkfld
LFkGktoGhy ukxjhdkaph era dk; vkgs- gs
tk.k.;kP;k mn~ns'kkus ^dY;ke/khy ,sfrgkfld
LFkGkaps gks.kkjs tru vkf.k nqyZ{k ;kcn~ny
erkapk vH;kl** gk fo"k; fuoM.;kr vkyk- vkf.k ;kpk
vH;kl dj.;klkBh dY;k.k/kehy pkj ,sfrgkfld LFkGkapk
fopkj dj.;kr vkyk- R;kr tru >kysY;ke/;s nqxkZMh
fdYyk vkf.k lqHksnkjokMk o nqyZ{khr >kysY;ke/;s
oklqnso cGoar QMds xqQk vkf.k yks.kkMph ys.kh
gs Bjoys-

7
 xzqi ck;ksxzkQh

eh ^iwdkjP;k* ;k ;qFk Qsyksf'ki izksxzkeP;k

nksu o"kkZP;k dkyko/khr xqziesacj Eg.kwu dke
dsys vkf.k ;k o"khZ eyk xzqi fyMj Eg.kwu ,d osxGk

8
vuqHko ?ks.;kph bPNk gksrh vkf.k rh iw.kZ gh
>kyh- vk;q";kr izFke% ,d xzqi yhMj Eg.kwu eh ,d
xzqips usrRo
` ?ks.;kph tckcnkjh ?ksryh-

xzqi cuorkauk eyk tkLr =kl >kyk ukgh dkj.k

xsY;k nksu o"kkZr eh tsOgk fjlpZ djr gksrks-
rsOgk ekÖ;k fe=kauk iwdkjcn~ny vkf.k eh dk; djrks
gs ekghr gksrs- R;keqGs rs lq/nk ;k fjlpZ
izkslsle/;s lgHkkxh gks.;kl mRlqd gksrs- vkf.k
dkgh fe= ekÖ;krhy >kysY;k oSpkfjd laHkk"k.k
cnykeqGs vk'p;Zpdhr >kys- R;keqGs R;kauk ;kr
vkoM fuekZ.k >kyh vkf.k dkgh xzqi esaclZ twusp
gksrs- R;keqGs eh R;kauk ;k iwdkjph ekfgrh
lkaxhryh vkf.k lgHkxkh gks.kkj dk \ ;kcn~ny fopkjys
rsOgk R;kauh mRlqdrsus lgHkkxh >kys-

vls djr djr ekÖ;k xzqie/;s fdeku ngk t.kakpk

xzqi r;kj >kyk ;kr ek>h cgh.k ;ksxhrk] fjrs'k] vuqi]
deykdj] x.ks'k f'kans] x.ks'k psoys] efu"k] 'kSys'k]
fnus'k vkf.k eh vlk xzqi r;kj >kyk-

9
 o"kkZP;k lq#okrhyk vkEgh ,d= ;sÅu fofo/k
fo"k;koj ppkZ d# ykxyks- izkstsDV feGkY;kuarj
izR;sd eghU;kr nksunk rjh feVhax ?ksr- vkf.k ppkZ
djhr vls- ijarw tl tlk izkstsDVph izkslsl iq<s tkr xsyh
rl rlk dkgh xzzqi esacj feVhaxe/;s deh gtj jkgr
xsys-

;kps dkj.k vls vlw 'kdrs dh] lq#okrhyk loZt.k

eksdGs gksrs i.k uarj uarj dkghauh dkWyst] Dyklsl]
tkWcyk ykxY;kus osG nsÅ 'kdr uOgrs] vls djr
xzqie/;s [kÚ;k vFkkZus 5&6 t.k dke djr vlr-

xVkr ek>k oS;Drhd vuqHko vlk gksrk dh] eh

;ko"khZ xzqips usrRo
` djr vkgs- ,dk xzqips usrRo
`
dj.ks [kwi pkaxys okVrs- ijarw rs [kwi =klnk;d o
ets'khj vuqHko eyk feGkyk- iw.kZ o"kkZP;k
izkslsle/;s xzqips leL;k letwu izR;sd osGh
izkstsDV laca/kh IyWfuax dj.ks rs xzqie/;s uhV
letkowu lkax.ks gk osxGkp vuqHko eyk feGkyk-

10
 rlsp xzqie/kwu eyk osxGs vuqHko] Kku eyk
f'kd.;kl feGkys-

gs ekÖ;k n`"Vhus eh vuqHkoyss vkf.k bFks

ekaMys- ijarw xzqiyk dk; okVrs gs eh R;kaP;k'kh
ppkZ d#u R;kP;k 'kCnkr iq<s ekaMr vkgs-

1- fVee/;s dke djrkauk vkysys vuqHko %

xzqie/khy dkgh xzqi esaclZ gs toG toG
,desdkaps 2&3 o"kkZiklwu ps fe= gksrs vkf.k
R;kiSdh ,u-lh-lh- ;k fQYM e/khy gksrs
R;keqGs ,d fVee/;s dke dj.ks [kwi vkoMr vls-
rlsp dkgh xzqi esaclZ gs dkWyste/khy fe=
gksrs- R;keqGs vkEgkyk ,d= ;s.;kps ek/;e
iwdkjeqGs ykHkysys vkgs- R;keqGs ,d=i.ks
dke dj.;kps okrkoj.k fuekZ.k >kys gksrs-

2- ,d= dke dj.;kps Qk;ns rksVs \

Qk;ns %

11
 Kkukr Hkj iMwu fopkj dj.;kph @ ekaM.;kph
fgaer vkyh- fjlpZ cn~ny ukWyst feGkys- Lor
%ps eu o fopkj] dYiuk ekaMk;yk f'kdyks-

rksVs %
dkgh xzqi esaclZ osGsoj u vkY;keqGs
osG ok;k tkrks- dkght.k xaHkhji.ks ?ksr
uOgrs- rj dkght.k feVhaxe/;s ;s.;kps VkGr vls-
dkgh dkekaeqGs o f'k{k.kkeqGs dkslsZl
tk¡bZaV dsY;kus ;sow 'kdr uOgrs-

3- xVkyk ,d= Bso.;kps eqn~ns %

xzqi % flfu;j Qsykspk letwrnkji.kk o xzqiyk
letwu ?ks.;kph {kerk ;keqGs xzzqi fVdwu
jkghy- xzqi esaclZps leL;k tk.kwu ?
ksowu ,desdkauk enr djr vls-
Lor%e/;s o xzqie/;s lektkcn~ny cka/kydh
pkaxyh gksrh- R;keqGs ,d= ;sowu
Hkfo";kr ;k {ks=kr dke dj.;kpss /;s;
xzqie/;s fuekZ.k >kys o rs ,d >kys- brj
osGsrgh xzqi HksVrks- ,desdkaP;k

12
 fopkjkauk oko feGrks- f'k{k.kkr]
djhvje/;s] vkfFkZd ckchaoj enr feGrs-

ojhy iz'ukP;k vk/kkjs xzqips O;Drhxr

erkph ,d xksGk csjht d#u xzqiP;k orhus
ekaMysys R;kps fopkj] er] vuqHko R;kauh
lkaxhrys o rs bFks eh ekaMys-

/kU;okn !

13
{k.kfp=s
{k.kfp=s

14
15
16
 la'kks/ku v/;;u in~/krh
fo"k;kph fuoM %
dks.kR;kgh la'kks/kukyk fo"k;kf'kok; lq#okr
gksr ukgh- sfo"k; gh la'kks/kukph fn'kk O;kIrh o
n`"Vhdksu Bjorks- Eg.kwu fo"k;kyk la'kks/kukr [kwi
egRo vkgs- t.kw fo"k; gk la'kks/kukpk vkRek vkgs
vls EgVys rjh pkysy-

eqGkr fo"k; gk xzqiph vkoM o ftKklkrwu

fuoM.;kr vkyk gksrk- fo"k;klkBh xzqius [kwi osG ?
ksryk- ppkZ] okn] fookn v'kk rÚgsus dY;k.kpk

17
,sfrgklhd LFkGkps tru vkf.k nqyZ{k ;k fFkeoj fo"k;
fuoM.;kr vkyk-

vktP;k ifjfLFkrhr th ,sfrgkfld okLrw vkgsr- rh

ekSY;oku vkgs- ;kpk dqBsrjh folj iMyk vkgs rj
dkghauk v'kk izdkjP;k ,sfrgkfld okLrw ckcr
ekghrhgh ukgh- vls xzqiyk okVr gksrs- vkf.k ;k
LFkGkps tru o nqyZ{k >kys vkgs- R;k vkikilkP;k
ukxjhdkauk o 'kgjkyk R;kpk Qk;nk gksrks vkgs-
dk ukgh rj R;kyk tckcnkj dks.k \ ;kp iz'ukaph mRrjs
'kks/k.;klkBh rsFkhy ukxfjdkaps er tk.k.;klkBh
xzqius lnj fo"k; fuoMyk-

mfn~n"V;s %
la'kks/kukph egRokph ik;jh Eg.kts mfn~n"V;s
gks;- dkj.k mfn~n"V;keqGs fo"k;kyk ^Ýse* ;srs-
R;keqGs fo"k; HkjdV.;kph 'kD;rk ulrs-
mfn~n"V;keqGs fo"k;kph O;kIrh Bjrs-
mfn~n"V;keqGs vki.k vkiY;k mRrjki;Zar iksgpw
'kdrks- Eg.kwup xzqius la'kks/kuklkBh mfn~n"V;s
Bjoyh gksrh rh iq<hyizek.ks vkgsr-
18
1- tru o nqyZ{khr >kysY;k LFkGkph oSf'k"V;s dk;
\
2- R;k LGkGkpk Qk;nk gksrkp dk \
3- R;k LFkGkps tru dsY;kus uqdlku >kys dk \
4- nqyZ{khr LFkGkdMs nqyZ{k gks.;kekxs dks.k
tckcnkj vkgs \ ¼ljdkj @ lekt @ vktwcktwpk
ijhlj½
5- R;kps rsFkhy jfgok'kkauh dkgh iz;Ru dsys
vlkos \
6- R;kpk Qk;nk fdaok rksVk dk; vlkok \

v'kk eksB;k mfn~n"V;koj vk/kkfjr xzqiuh

la'kks/kukph O;kIrh Bjoyh- mfn~n"VkeqGs eqG
iz'ukph mdy gks.;kl enr gksrs- Eg.kwu fo"k;k'kh
laca/khr mfn~n"Vs vk[k.;kr vkyh-

la'kks/ku iz'u @ xfgr

` dR` ;s %
lnj la'kks/ku djrkauk fo"k;klaca/kh dkgh
izkFkfed vuqeku dk<ys gksrs- R;kykp xfgr dR
` ;
fdaok la'kks/ku iz'u vls Eg.krkr- xzqi gk Lor% gk
19
;qFk o dY;k.k 'kgjkrhyp jkg.kkjh vlY;kus R;kauh gk
vuqeku dk<yk gksrk- dY;k.ke/khy ,sfrgkfld
LFkGkapk folj iMr pkyyk vkgs- vkf.k T;k
LFkGkdMs y{k fnys rj R;kpk R;kauk Qk;nk
gksrksp dk \ ;kpk ifj.kke dqBsrjh ;sFkhy ukxfjd o
'kgjkoj uDdh gksrks o R;kpcjkscj laLdrhoj
` gksr
vkgs- R;keqGs tru gks.kkÚ;k LFkGkckcr o
nqyZ{khr gks.kkÚ;k LFkGkckcr yksdkaps dk; er
vkgs \ gs tk.kwu ?;k;ps gksrs-

la'kks/ku vkjk[kMk %
vktP;k /kkoiGhP;k dkGkr o vk/kqfudhdj.kkr
vkt vkjk[kM;kyk Qkj egRRo vkys vkgs- gs vki.kk
lokZauk ekfgrp vkgs- ifgys lqn~/kk vkjk[kM;kyk
egRRo gksrs vls ukgh- ijarw vktP;k ;qxkr ;kyk
dkjisaVj dYpj Eg.krkr !

dks.kR;kgh dk;kZyk lq#okr dj.;kiwohZ

vkjk[kMk r;kj dsyk tkrks- R;keqGs dkekyk

20
lqlaxri.kk ;srks- vki.k vkiY;k {kersuqlkj vkiys
mfn~n"V;s xkBw 'kdrks-

fo"k;kph O;kIrh o mfn~n"V;s ;kuqlkj la'kks/ku

in~/kr Bjfo.;kr vkyh o R;k in~/krhus ;ksX; foospu
dj.;klkBh la'kks/kukrhy ^o.kZukRed
vUos"k.kkRed* vkjk[kMk Bjo.;kr vkyk-

la'kks/ku in~/krh %
izR;sd la'kks/ku dj.;klkBh ,d in~/krhph xjt
vlrs- vkeP;k xzqius la'kks/kuklkBh eqyk[kr in~/kr
o QksVksxzkQh in~/kr fuoM.;kr vkyh- eqyk[kr
in~/kr fuoM.;kekxs dkj.k vls gksrs fd fo"k; gk
,sfrgkfld LFkGkoj vkgs vkf.k vkEgh R;k R;k
LFkGkP;k gks.kkÚ;k tru vkf.k nqyZ{kkckcr
yksdkaph er vH;kl.kkj gksrs- R;keqGs iz'ukoyh
ekQZr R;kaph eqyk[kr ?ksÅu vkEgh R;kaP;k
erkaps ;ksX; rF; feGow 'kdrks vls tk.koys-
Eg.kwu ;k in/krhpk voyac dj.;kps Bjoys o frpk
vkEgkyk Qk;nk lqn~/kk >kyk-

21
 ,d Eg.kts O;Drhxr laokn lk/krk ;srs- nqljs
Eg.kts O;Drhxr o laiw.kZ ekfgrh feGrs- frljh eqyk[kr
in~/kr gh la'kks/kdkauh o mRrjnkrk ;kauk Lokra«;
o lks;hLdj okVrs- vkf.k ;k in~/krheqGs fo"k;kP;k
eqGki;Zar iksgprkuk vusd ckchaoj izdk'k iMrks-

nqljh in~/kr QksVksxzkQh gksrh- gh in~/kr

fuoMY;keqGs izR;sd LFkGkph ifjfLFkrh vkEgkyk
nk[kork vkyh- vktwcktwpk ifjlj QksVksr mrjork
vkyk- R;keqGs vkEgkyk vls okVrs dh] gk fo"k;
QksVksxzkQh f'kok; ifjiw.kZ gksÅp 'kdr ukgh-
vkEgkyk ;k ifjfLFkrhrwu cÚ;kp izdkjs rsFkhy
ifjfLFkrh o fu"d"kZ yksdkai;Zar nk[kork ;sbZy-

v/;;u {ks= %
v/;;u dj.;klkBh {ks= fuoM.;klkBh vkEgh dY;k.k
gsp dk;Z{ks= fuoMys dkj.k vkepk iw.kZ xzqi dY;k.k
e/khyp gksrk vkf.k xzqius ;kr pkj ,sfrgkfld LFkG
fuoMys gksrs- R;kr nksu foHkkxkr foHkkxys- tru
vkf.k nqyZ{khr tru >kysY;k LFkGke/;s nqxkZMZh
fdYyk vkf.k lqHksnkjokMk o nqyZ{khr LFkGke/;s
22
oklqnso cGoar QMds xqaQk o yks.kkMph ys.kh ;k
pkj LFkGkaph fuoM dsys-

{ks= fuoM.ks [kwi egRokps vlrs dkj.k izR;sd

fBdk.kP;k ifjfLFkrhpk rsFkhy ?kVdkaP;k O;DrhP;k
thouekukoj izHkko vlrks- Eg.kwu vkEgh
dY;k.ke/khy ,sfrgkfld lFkG fuoMys- R;keqGs
vkeps {ks= e;kZfnr jkfgys o R;kyk ,d lekurk jkfgyh-

uequk vkdkj %
la'kks/kukph in~/kr BjoY;kuarj ueqU;kpk
vkdkj Bjo.ks egRRokps vlrs- R;keqGs la'kks/ku
e;kZfnr jkgrs- tj uequk Bjoyk ukgh rj v/;;u
vek;kZnhr jkgwu [kwi osG tkrks- R;klkBh xzzqius
izFke dY;k.k {ks= Bjowu R;krhy pkj ,sfrgklhd LFkG
fuoMys- fo"k;kP;k ekx.kho#u vkEgh tru >kysys
LFkGkps 25 o nqyZ{k >kysys LFkGkps 25 eqyk[krh
BjoY;k- R;keqGs ;ksX; o ntkZRed eqyk[krh feGrhy
o izR;sdh LFkGkps fdeku 12&12 eqyk[krh uequk
vlrhy R;kr fdeku ,dk on
` ~/k vuqHkoh Eg.kts R;k
LFkGkckcr tkLr ekfgrh nsÅ 'kd.kkÚ;k O;Drhph
23
eqyk[kr gks.ks vifjgk;Z Bsoyh- R;keqGs
l'kks/kukpk ntkZ o fu"d"kZ ;ksX; feGsy-

rF; ladyu in~/krh o ra= %

rF; ladyuklkBh izkFkfed rF; ladyu in~/krhrwu
eqyk[kr gh in~/kr oki#u R;klkBh eqyk[kr lwph ;k
ra=kpk okij dj.;kr vkyk- eqyk[krh ?ks.;klkBh
iz'ukoyh lwph cufo.;kps Bjoys- iz'ukoyh ;ksX; o
ntkZRed Ogkoh o ;kr xzqi lnL;kps iwoZxzg ;sÅ
u;s ;klkBh xzqius Lor%P;k ifjljkrhy jfgok'kkaph
eqyk[krh ?ksrY;k- vkf.k dkgh'kh ppkZ dsyh ;ko#u
Fkhe Bjo.;kr vkY;k o R;koj iz'u r;kj dj.;kr vkys-

;k in~/krheqGs iz'ukoyh lgHkkxh >kyh- ;kpk

vuqHko vkEgkyk eqyk[krh ?ksrkuk vk<GY;k-
iz'ukoyheqGs eqyk[krh loZ ?kVdkaoj ppkZ >kyh o
Bksl fu"d"kZ fu?kkys- xzqi lnL;kps ers okn&fookn]
ppkZ ;keqGs iz'u pkaxys o mfn~"Vk;kaoj vk/kkfjr
>kys- rlsp lkscr QksVksxzkQhph lkFk ykHkyh-
iz'ukoyh cuorkuk vkysY;k vMp.kh %
1- iz'ulaca/kh ,d okD;rk gksrkuk okn >kys-
24
2- 'kCnkph tqGok tqGo djrkauk vMp.k vkyh-

3- mfn~n"Vkoj vk/kkjhr iz'u cuorkuk vMp.kh

vkY;k-

4- osG [kwi ykxY;kus dkgh va'kh iz'ukoyh

cuorkuk ?kkbZ >kyh-

5- eqnn;kyk lksMwu ppkZ >kY;keqGs iz'u r;kj

gksrkauk m'khj >kyk-

eqyk[kr ?ksrkauk vkysY;k vMp.kh %

1- eqyk[krh ?ks.;klkBh tkrkuk dkgh t.kkauh
HkhrhP;k iksVh eqyk[kr ns.;kl udkj dsyk-

2- osGsoj eqyk[krh iw.kZ >kY;k ukgh- R;keqGs

fo'ys"k.kkyk lqn~/kk osG ykxyk-

3- izR;sd iz'ukph mRrjs ;skX; feGkyh ukgh-

4- mRrjnkrk pkaxyk Hkklo.;klkBh ;ksX; mRrjs nsr

ukgh-

5- eqyk[krhps ra= vtwu xzzqiyk voxr ukgh-

25
 ojhy T;k vMp.kh vkY;k R;koj cgqrka'kh dkj.ks
gh gksrh dh] BjoysY;k in~/krheqGs o IyWuus
xzqius dke dsys ukgh- R;keqGs eqyk[kr ?ksrkuk
vMp.kh vkY;k- ,d Eg.kts izR;sdkus fdeku 10&12
eqyk[krh ?ks.;kps Bjoys o R;klkBh osG gh Bjo.;kr
vkyh gksrh- R;keqGs eqyk[krh pkaxY;k o ntkZRed
gksrhy- ijarw vpkud xzqiP;k dkgh lnL;kaP;k
leL;seqGs xzqipk brj lnL;kaoj vtwu tkLrhr tkLr
eqyk[krh ?ks.;kph osG vkyh- R;keqGs BjysY;k
osGsr dke iw.kZ >kys ukgh-
okjaokj Bjowu lqn~/kk brj enr nsÅu lqn~/kk
xzqiP;k dkgh lnL;kae/;s osGsps xkaHkh;Z uOgrs-
rlsp varxZr leL;seqGs eqyk[krh ?ks.;koj ifj.kke
>kyk- R;keqGs eqyk[krh ra=koj ,o<h ppkZ gksÅu
lqn~/kk osGsvHkkoh eqyk[krh ?ks.;kl ?kkbZ >kyh
o ntkZ ?kljyk-
,o<a ,d ldkjkRed gksrs dh iz'u fopkjrkuk o
feGkysY;k mRrjko#u vki.k vkiY;k la'kks/kukyk
;ksX; fn'ksyk vkgksr o fo'ys"k.k gks.;kl lq#okr
>kyh-
26
dY;k.k e/khy tru gks.kkjs
,sfrgkfld LFkG

dY;k.k e/khy tru gks.kkjs

,sfrgkfld LFkG

27
nqxkZMh fdYyk

28
dY;k.ke/khy tru >kysys ,sfrgkfld LFkG %

nqxkZMh fdYyk %
dY;k.kyk bfrgklkr LFkku ykHkysys vkgs- dkj.k
dY;k.ke/;s f'kokthaP;k dkGkryk ,d ,sfrgkfld fdYyk
ykHkysyk vkgs-

29
gk fdYyk dY;k.k LVs'kugwu 1½ fd-eh- varjkoj
vkgs- ;k fBdk.kh tk.;klkBh cl o vkWVks fj{kkph
mRre lks; vkgs-

;k fdYY;kps egRRo Eg.kts nqxkZMh fdYyk ;kyk tjh

fdYyk Eg.kr vlys rjh rks [kkMhyxr vlysyk ,d nxMh
cq#t vkgs- tks lkxjhekxsZ o ekyd okgrwdhlkBh
gksrks- rlsp ;k fdYY;kps oSf'k"V; Eg.kts ;k
fdYY;koj ,d nqxkZ ekrsps eanhj vkgs- rsFks
uojk=sr Qkj eksBh t=k gksrs- vtwu ,d oSf'k"V;
Eg.kts Eg.kts ;k eanhjkleksj f'kokthjktkauh vkiY;k
eqfLye cka/kokauk uekt iM.;klkBh ,d bnxk
cka/kysyk vkgs- ;ko#u f'kokth jktkapss /kekZckcr
lekurk fnlwu ;srs-

30
 rF; Li"Vhdj.k

dY;k.k e/khy ,sfrgklhd LFkGkps gks.kkjs tru

vkf.k gks.kkjs nqyZ{k ;kckcr yksdkaps era
vH;kl.;klkBh vkEgh dY;k.ke/khy pkj ,sfrgklhd LFkG
fuoMys o R;krhy 25&25 eqyk[krh ?ksrY;k R;k
eqyk[krhrwu feGkysyk MkVke/kwu th ekfgrh
feGkyh rh ekfgrh yksdkaP;k erkapk lkE; d#u
fo'ys"k.k dj.;kr vkys- ;k izdkj.kkr th rF;s feGkys rh
rF;s fo"k;kph O;kIrh o fu"d"kZ n'kZforkr rF;kph
ekaM.kh ekaMyh vkgs-

3- rqEgh ;k LFkGkckcr dkgh ekfgrh lkaxw 'kdky \

Jh N=irh f'kokth egkjtkauh ferh vf'ou ek?k 12
olqokjl 'kds 1579 'kuhokj fnukad 24 vkWDVks-
1657 ;k fno'kh dY;k.k ftadys- rsOgk dY;k.kkr
fnikoyh vkf.k Lokra«; ,dnep mtGys- Jh-
nqxkZHkokuhP;k Nk;sr egkjktkauh ;k
nqxkZMh fdYY;kP;k cka/k.khl Rojhr lqjokr
dsyh vkf.k ;kp fBdk.kh R;kauh LojktkaP;k
vkjekjkpk 'kqHkkjaHk dsyk-
31
 Jh f'kojkT;fHk"ksd =h'kY;lkaoRljhd
egksRokr ;k fdYY;kpk o Jh nqxkZ Hkokuh
eanhjkpk th.kksZ/nkj >kyk-

;k fdYY;kP;k Hkksorh iw.kZ [kkMhps ik.khp

ik.kh gksrs- vkf.k rlsp ;sFks Hkw;kjh ekxZ
gksrs rs FksV fHkoaMh] vk/kkjokMh]
lqHksnkj] olbZ fdYyk ;k fBdk.kh tkowu feGr
vkgs- vkf.k ;k Hkw;kjh ekxkZpk njoktk nsohph
ewrhZ fQjoY;koj m?kMr vls-
4- ,sfrgkfld LFkGkps ewG ukao dk; \
;kps fo'ys"k.k dsys vlrk 24 vkWDVks 1967 ;k
fno'kh f'kojk;kauh dY;k.k ftadyh R;kosGh
fnikoyh vkf.k Lokra«; ,dne mtGys gksrs-
R;kosGsl Jh- nqxkZHkDrhP;k Nk;sr
egkjktkauh ;k nxMh cq#tkauh ^^nqxkZMh
fdYyk ukao lacks/kys-**

6- rj R;kps tru gksÅu fdrh o"kZ >kys o dks.kR;k

dkj.kkus >kys \

32
 fooj.k okajokjhrk
nsohP;k eanhj 7
fdYY;kps uqruhdj.k 5
,dw.k 12

ojhy lkj.kho#u vls y{kkr ;srs dh R;k

LFkGkps nsohps eanhj vlY;kus rlsp R;kgwu
deh t.k fdYY;kps uqruhdj.k dj.;k&dkj.kkus tru
dsys vlY;kps lkaxr vkgs-

;k iz'ukps fo'ys"k.k dsys vlrk toG toG 10&15

o"kZ >kys vkgs dkj.k rsFks nsohps eanhj o
fdYY;kojhy cq#t iM.;kP;k fLFkrhr vkys
gksrs- ;ko#u vls lk/; gksrs dh] ;k LFkGkoj
lgdk;Z fo'ks"k y{k vkgs-

7- ;k LFkGkps oSf'k"V; lkaxw 'kdky \

;kps fo'ys"k.k dsys vlrk ;k LFkGkps oSf'k"V; gs
vkgs dh] ;sFks nqxkZ ekrsps eanhj vkgs o
33
 R;kP;k leksj eqfLye bnxk vkgs ;ko#u nksu
/keZ ,d= vkY;kps fnlwu ;srs vkf.k ;k fdYY;kP;k
ijhljkr Hkw;kjh ekxZ vkgsr- ijarw gs Hkw;kjh
ekxZ nqxkZ ekrsph ewrhZ fQjoyh vlrk m?
kMrkr-

8- ;k LFkGkps tru >kys rj rqEgkyk dk; okVrs \

dh ;kpk Qk;nk dks.kkyk >kyk vlok \

fooj.k okajokjhrk
HkDrkauk 6
i;ZVdkauk 2
jktdh; yksdkauk 4
,dw.k 12

ojhy lkj.kho#u vls fnlwu ;srs dh] ;k

LFkGkpk Qk;nk lokZar tkLr ;s.kkÚ;k
HkDrkauk gksr- rj lokZr deh i;ZVdkauk gksr
vls-

;ko#u vls y{kkar ;srs dh] ;k LFkGkps tru

>kY;kus HkDrkauk Qk;nk gksr vkgs-
34
 gs iz'u eqyk[krhr fopkjys vlrk ;sFks ;s.kkjs
i;ZVd o nsohP;k n'kZuklkBh ;s.kkÚ;k
HkDrt.kkauk Qk;nk >kyk rlsp ;sFkhy jktdh;
i{kkauk Qk;nk gksr vlkok vls ekghrh feGkyh-

;ko#u vls lk/; gksrs dh] ;k LFkGkpk loZ

izdkjP;k yksdkauk Qk;nk gksr vkgs-
9- ;k ,sfrgklhd LFkGkaps tru dsY;kus uqdlku
>kys dk \
1- gks rj dk \
2- ukgh rj dk \

fooj.k okajokjhrk
gks; 1
ukgh 11
,dw.k 12

ojhy lkj.kho#u vls y{kkr ;srs dh ;k

LFkGkph tru dsY;kus uqdlku >kys ukgh
Eg.k.kkÚ;kaps izek.k lokZr tkLr ¼11½ vkgs rj

35
 uqdlku >kys vkgs Eg.k.kkÚ;kaps izek.k lokZr
deh ¼1½ vkgs-

;ko#u tru dsY;kus Qk;nk gksr vlY;kps

letrs-

eqyk[krhrwu feGkysY;k ekghrhps fo'ys"k.k

dsys vlrk cgqrsdkauh nqlÚ;k i;kZ;kus fuoM
dsY;kps letrs- ;kps dkj.k vls dh] ;k fBdk.kh
nsohps eanhj vkgs o gk ,sfrgklhd LFkG vkgs-
R;keqGs ;sFks yksdkaph ;s.kkÚ;kps izek.k
vf/kd vlrs- R;keqGs ;k LFkGkps tru dsY;kus
Qkj uqdlku ukgh >kys-

10- rqEgkyk dk; okVrs dh] ;k LFkGkpk mi;ksx

yksx d'kkdjhrk djr vlkos \

fooj.k okajokjhrk
nsohP;k n'kZuklkBh 7
'kkarrslkBh 1
i;ZVd LFkG 4
,dw.k 12

36
 ojhy lkj.kho#u vls lk/; gksrs dh ;k
LFkGkpk mi;ksx yksd lokZr tkLr ¼7½ nsohP;k
n'kZuklkBh rj R;kgwu deh ¼4½ i;ZVd LFkG
Eg.kwu rj lokZr deh 'kkarrslkBh mi;ksx dsyk
tkrks-

ojhy fo'ys"k.kko#u vls letrs dh] ;k LFkGkpk

mi;ksx yksx nsohP;k n'kZuklkBh] fQj.;klkBh rj
jktdh; i{k vkiyh lRrk nk[ko.;klkBh djr vls-

;ko#u vls lk/; gksrs dh] ;k LFkGkpk mi;ksx

loZ t.k djr vkgs- dkgh vkiyk Qk;n;klkBh rj
HkDrhlkBh djr vkgs-

11- ;k LFkGkoj ;s.kkÚ;k yksdkaps izek.k fdrh

vlkos \
ojhy iz'ukps fo'ys"k.kko#u vls letys dh ;k
LFkGkoj eaxGokj] 'kqØokj] jfookj ;k fno'kh
yksdkaps izek.k vankts 1000 vlkos rj brj fno'kh
600 vlkos rlsp o"kkZrwu uojk=sP;k fno'kh ;k
fBdk.kh eksBh tek vlrs gh t=k uÅ fnol vlys
37
 R;kosGh ;sFks Hkkfodkaph rj fQjk;yk ;s.kkÚ;k
yksdkaph la[;k lk/kkj.k 25 gtkjkP;k vklikl
vlkoh-

;ko#u vls lk/; gksrs dh vktgh ;k fdYY;koj

yksd ;srkr R;ko#u ;k fdYY;kojhy ljdkjps rlsp
yksdkaps fo'ks"k y{k vkgs vls letrs-

12- rqeP;k ers ;k LFkGkpk Qk;nk dk; vlkok \

;k LFkGkpk Qk;n;kcn~ny fo'ys"k.k dsys vlrk ;k
LFkGkps egRRo [kwi vkgs vkf.k ,sfrgklhd
LFkG vlY;kus rlsp tkxr` nsohps okl vlY;kus
;sFkhy LFkGkpk Hkkfodkauk Qk;nk gksr vkgs
rlsp ;sFkhy yksdkauk gh Qk;nk gksr vls-

13- rqeP;k ers ;k LFkGkpk rksVk dk; vlkok-

;kps fo'ys"k.k dsys vlrk ;k LFkGkps tru
dsY;kus dkghgh rksVk >kyk ulY;kps fl/n
gksrs-

38
ijarw viokn Eg.kwu dkgh t.kkauk vls okVrs
dh ;kph [kjh okLrw gksrh rh u"V >kyh-

lqHksnkjokMk

39
40
 lqHksnkjokMk
lqHksnkj okM;kyk tk.;klkBh dY;k.k if'pesl
LVs'kuo#u vkWVks fj{kk] Vkaxk ;kph lks; vkgs gs
LFkG xka/kh pkSd ;k ijhljkr vkgs- vkf.k pkyr tk.;kl
lVs'kuo#u 15 fefuVkapk jLrk vkgs-

lqHksnkj okMk gk dY;k.kP;k lqHksnkjkps

jkgk.;kps fBdk.k gksrs- dY;k.kP;k lqHksnkjkph lwu
th [kftU;kcjkscj yqVwu vk.kyh gksrh rsOgk f'kokth
egkjktkauh lUekukus R;kauk ;kp okM;kr ikBoys
gksrs-

gk okMk iwohZ iw.kZ ykdMh gksrk- ijarw

dkgh o"kkZiwohZ ;k okM;kps flesaVP;k Lo#ikr
cka/kdke dsys ijarw u{khdke oxSjs twU;k ykdMh
okM;klkj[ks vkgs-

gk okMk vkrk 'kkGsP;k VªLVdMs vlrks- rsFks

12 oh i;Zar f'k{k.k fnys tkrs vls Eg.krkr dh] ;k okM;kr
,d foghj gksrh R;k foghjhrwu Hkw;kjh ekxZ tkr

41
gksrk- rks FksV f'kousjh fdYyk] nqxkZMh fdYyk]
vk/kkjokMh ;k fBdk.kh tkr vls-

rF; ladyu
3½ rqEgh ;k LFkGkckcr dkgh ekfgrh lkaxw 'kdky \
;kps fo'ys"k.kko#u vkt letys dh] gk okMk eq?
ky dkGkrhy vlwu eq?kykauh rsFks vkiyk
lqHksnkj useyk gksrk- R;k lqHksnkjkpk okMk
vkgs- dY;k.kP;k lqHksnkjkph lwu f'kokthaP;k
ekoG;kaph [kftU;kcjkscj yqVwu vk.kyh gksrh-
rsOgk f'kokth jktsauh R;kauk ekrsleku
ekuwu ;kp okM;kr lUekukus ikBo.;kr vkys-

4½ ;k ,sfrgklhd LFkGkps iwohZps eqG ukao dk; \

gk iz'u fo'ys"k.k dsY;koj vls letys dh gk okMk
rsFkhy lqHksnkjkpk gksrk R;keqGs R;kyk
lqHksnkj okMk Eg.kwu lacks/k.;kr vkys-

42
6½ ;k LFkGkps tru gksÅu fdrh o"kssZ >kys vkgs
vkf.k dks.kR;k dkj.kkus >kys vkgs \

fooj.k okajokjhrk
'kkGsP;k dk;kZlkBh 6
okLrq fVdo.;klkBh 6
,dw.k 12

ojhy lkj.kho#u vls y{kkr ;srs dh] ;k

LFkGkps tru dj.;kps dkj.k ;kps izek.k leku
vkgs-
;ko#u 'kkGsP;k dk;kZlkBh o okM;kph okLrq
fVdo.;klkBh tru dsY;kps letrs-
gk iz'u fo'ys"k.k dsys vlrk gk okMk ykdMh
Lo#ikr gksrk xsY;k 10 o"kkZiwohZ ;k okM;kps
flesaVP;k Lo#ikr uwruhdj.k dj.;kr vkys-

7½ ;k LFkGkps oSf'k"V; lkaxw 'kdky \

ojhy iz'ukps fo'ys"k.k dsys vlrk gk okMk eqxy
dkGkrhy lqHksnkjkpk gksrk- vkf.k ;kp
okM;kr ,d foghj gksrh R;k foghjhrwu Hkw;kjh

43
 ekxZ tkr vlY;kps letys rks ekxZ FksV f'kousjh
fdYyk] nqxkZMh fdYyk] vk/kkjokMh ;sFks
tkowu feGr vls- ;k okM;kr iwohZ esG;kps
x.kirh clk;ps- ;ko#u vls letrs dh] ;k okM;kyk
vewY; egRRo vkgs-

8½ ;k LFkGkps tru >kys rj rqEgkyk dk; okVrs \

dh ;kpk Qk;nk dks.kkyk >kyk vlkok-

fooj.k okajokjhrk
f'k{k.kklkBh 11
laLdfrd
` dk;ZØe 1
,dw.k 12

ojhy lkj.kho#u vls letrs dh] ;k LFkGkpk

Qk;nk lokZr tkLr f'k{k.kklkBh gksr vkgs rj lokZr
deh lkaLdfrd
` dk;ZØe oxSjslkBh gksr vlY;kps
letrs-

ojhy fo'ys"k.k d#u vkEgkl vls lets dh] toG

toG 100 o"kkZiwohZ gk okMk 'kkGsP;k

44
 VªLVyk ns.;kr vkyk rsOgkiklwu ;k okM;kr
'kkGk pkyoyh tkrs-

R;keqGs ;k okM;kpk Qk;nk f'k{k.kklkBh

gksr vls- rlsp ;sFks esG;kps x.kirh o lkaLdrhd
`
dk;ZØe ?ksrys tkr vls-

;ko#u vls lk/; gksrs dh] ;k okM;kr fofo/k

ckcrhr Qk;nk gksr vkgs-

9½ ;k ,sfrgklhd LFkGkps tru dsY;kus uqdlku >kys

dk \
1- gks rj dk \
2- ukgh rj dk \

fooj.k okajokjhrk
gks; 6
ukgh 6
,dw.k 12

ojhy lkj.kho#u vls y{kkr ;srs dh] ;k

LFkGkps tru dsY;kus >kys o uqdlku >kys
ukgh- Eg.k.kkÚ;kaps izek.k leku vlY;kps letrs-

45
 ojhy iz'ukps fo'ys"k.k dsY;kuarj vls lk/;
>kys dh] cgqrsd t.k ;k nksUgh i;kZ;kps leFkZu
djrkr- dkj.k ;k eqxy dkGkrhy okM;kP;k
uqruhdj.k dj.;kr vkY;kus ;kph [kjh okLrw u"V
>kyh vkgs- rlsp ;kpk fo'kky ykdMh njoktk
ljdkjh jLR;kP;k ;kstusvarxZr vkY;kus rks
dk<.;kr vkyk-

rlsp dkgh t.k uqruhdj.kkus uqdlku >kY;kps

ukdkjrkr dkj.k ;k okM;kps f'k{k.kklkBh okij
gksrks- rlsp ykdMh okM;kps flesaV okM;kr
uqruhdj.k >kys vkgs-

46
10½ rqEgkyk dk; okVrs dh] ;k LFkGkpk mi;ksx
yksd d'kkdjhrk djr vlkos \

fooj.k okajokjhrk
f'k{k.kklkBh 9
lkaLdfrd
` dk;ZØe 2
brj 1
,dw.k 12

ojhy lkj.kho#u vls y{kkr ;srs dh] ;k

LFkGkpk mi;ksx yksd lokZr tkLr f'k{k.kklkBh rj
lokZr deh brj dk;kZlkBh djhr vls-

ojhy iz'ukps fo'ys"kk.ko#u vls vk<Gys dh] gk

okMk f'k{k.kklkBh okijyk tkrks- R;keqGs ;sFks
f'kdk;yk ;s.kkÚ;k eqykalkBh o f'k{kdkalkBh
rlsp lkaLdrhd
` dk;ZØe jkcfo.kkÚ;klkBh mi;ksx
gksr vlkos-
47
11½;k LFkGkoj ;s.kkÚ;k yksdkaps izek.k fdrh
vlkos \
f'k{k.k eaMG vlY;kus ;k LFkGkoj QDr f'k{k.k ?
ks.kkjs fo|kFkhZ o f'k{kd oxZ rlsp dkgh
yksdkaps izek.k vlrs vls fo'ys"k.kko#u lk/;
gksr vkgs-

12½ rqeP;k ers LFkGkpk Qk;nk dk; vlkok \

;k LFkGkpk Qk;nk QDr 'kS{kf.kd o lkaLdrhd
`
dk;ZØe ?ks.kkÚ;kauk gksr vlkok ijarw ,d
,sfrgklhd LFkG vlY;kps lek/kku okVrs-
;ko#u vls lk/; gksrs dh] ;k LFkGkpk okij
QDr
f'k{k.kklkBhp gskr vkgs dkj.k gk okMk vkrk
f'k{k.k eaMGkdMs
vkgs-

48
13½ rqeP;k ers ;k LFkGkpk rksVk dk; vlkok \
;k LFkGkps dkgh o"kkZiwohZ uqruhdj.k dj.;kr
vkys- R;keqGs gk tks ykdMhokMk gksrk th
[kjh okLrw gksrh rh u"V >kyh-

rlsp okM;kps eq[; }kj ,d vkd"kZd gksrs R;kyk

okpo.;klkBh ;sFkhy jfgok'kkauh ljdkjdMs
fojks/k dsyk- ijarw rks njoktk dk<.;kr vkyk-

;ko#u vls lk/; gksrs dh] gk okMk tjh ufou

cka/kyk vlyk rjh th [kjh okLrw vkgs rh u"V
>kyh-

dY;k.k e/khy nqyZ{k

dY;k.kgks.kkjs
e/khy nqyZ{k
,sfrgkfld LFkG
gks.kkjs
,sfrgkfld LFkG

49
oklqnsl cGoar QMds xqQk

50
dY;k.ke/khy nqyZ{khr gks.kkjs ,sfrgkfld
LFkG

51
1- oklqnsl cGoar QMds xqQk %
gs LFkG dY;k.k LVs'ku o#u 15 fefuVkoj vkgs-
gs LFkG usrhoyh ;k ijhljkr gkseckck VsdMh
vkgs- R;k VsdMhoj gh xqQk vkgs-

oklqnso cGoar QMds gs egkjk"Vªkps vkn;

Økarhdkjd gksrs- v'kk egku O;Drhps
¼Økarhdkjdkps½ ,d LFkG dY;k.ke/;s vkgs
;kpk vfHkeku okVrks-

fczVh'kkaP;k tqyeh jktkoVhfo#/n vkokt

mBo.kkjs ;k ØkarhdkjdkP;k ukos tsOgk
okWjaV dk<ys gksrs rsOgk rs yi.;kdjhrk ;k
VsdMhoj ;sÅu ;k xqQsr fuokl djhr vls R;kauk
xkokrhy yksd lgdk;Z djhr vlr rlsp jk=hP;k osGh
xkokrhy yksd o oklqnso cGoar QMds Hktu
fdrZu djhr vls ;kdjhrk rsFks ,d cl.;kdjhrk
pkSFkjk cka/k.;kr vkyk vkgs- vkf.k rks vtwu
vki.k ikgw 'kdrsk- ;k tkxsoj ;s.;kdjhrk

52
 LVs'kuo#u fj{kkph lks; vkgs- rlsp ;kaps vktoG
¼vkbZps xkao½ ;sFksp gktheyax jksM toGhy
usokGs xkokr vkgs- R;kaP;k vkbZP;k ?
kjkdMs lq/nk dks.kh y{k fnys ukgh l/;k rs
iM.;kP;k fLFkrhr vkys vkgs-

rF; ladyu
oklqnso cGoar QMds xqQk %

3- rqEgh ;k LFkGkckcr dkgh ekfgrh lkaxw 'kdky \

gk iz'u fopkjyk vlrk vls letys dh] gh th xqQk
vkgs rh egkjk"Vªkps vkn; Økarhdkjd oklqnso
cGoar QMds ;kaph xqQk vkgs R;kauh tsOgk
baxztkafo#/n pGoGhr lgHkkx ?ksryk rsOgk
baxztkauh R;kaP;kfo#/n okWjaV dk<ys
gksrs- rsOgk oklqnso cGoar QMds ;sFkhy
gkse ckck VsdMhoj vkys o R;kauh ;k xqQsP;k
vktwcktwph o xqQsryh >qMi rksMwu ;sFks
yio.;kps fBdk.k dsys-

53
 tsOgk tsOgk R;kaP;kfo#/n okWjaV fu?kk;ps
rsOgk rs ;k fBdk.kh ;sÅu yir vls Eg.krkr dh]
R;kaps v/ksZ vk;q"; ;k xqQsrp xssys vkgs
R;kauk xkokrhy yksd enr djhr gksrs- rlsp
R;kaP;k lkscr Hktu fdrZu djhr vlr-

4- ;k ,sfrgkfld LFkGkps iwohZps eqGukao dk; \

;k iz'ukps fo'ys"k.kko#u vls letys dh] ;k
LFkGkps ukao oklqnso cGoar QMds mn;ku
vkgs-

dkj.k ;sFks QDr oklqnso QMdsauhp fuokl

dsyk gksrk- R;keqGs R;kP;k ukoko#u gs
ukao ;k LFkGkyk iMys-

5½ ;k LFkGkdMs nqyZ{k dk >kys vlkos \

ojhy iz'ukps fo'ys"k.k dsys vlrk ;k LFkGkckcr
yksdkai;Zar ekfgrh ukgh vkgs rlsp ;sFkhy
jfgok'kh xjhc vlY;kus ;k LFkGkdMs nqyZ{k
>kys vlkos-
54
 ;ko#u vls lk/; gksrs dh] ;k LFkGkckcr
tkxri
` .kk dj.ks vko';d vkgs-

7½ nqyZ{k gks.;kekxs tckcnkj dks.k vlkos \

¼ljdkj @ lekt @ vktwcktwpk ijhlj½
fo'ys"k.kko#u vls lk/; gksrs dh] ;k LFkGkdMs
nqyZ{k gks.;kekxs ;sFkhy ljdkj ;sFkhy lekt o
vktwcktwpk ijhlj tckcnkj vkgs- dkj.k ;sFks
jkg.kkjs jfgok'kh xjhc vlY;kus rs QDr
uxjlsodkadMs nsÅ 'kdrkr- rlps ;sFkhy
vktwcktwpk ifjlj >ksiMiV~Vhauh os<yssys
vkgs R;keqGs ljdkjpsgh nqyZ{k gksr vls-
;ko#u vls fl/n gksrs dh] nqyZ{k gks.;kekxs
loZt.k tckcnkj vkgs vkf.k ;koj fopkj dj.ks xjtsps
vkgs-

8½ iq<s ;k LFkGkpk iwuZokij djrk ;sbZy dk \

ojhy fo'ys"k.kko#u vls lk/; gksrs dh] ;sFkhy
LFkGkpk iwuZokij djrk ;sbZy- ijarw ;sFks
ik.;kpk iz'u lqV.ks xjtsps vkgs- gk iz'u lqVY;koj

55
 ;sFks mn;ku r;kj d# 'kdrks rlsp gs fiduhd
ikWbZaV cuw 'kdrs-
;ko#u vls lk/; gksrs dh] ;sFks tru dj.ks
vfrvko';d vlY;kps letrs-
9½ gks rj R;klkBh rqEgh dk; @ d'kk izdkjs lgHkkx
djky \
ojhy fo'ys"k.kko#u vls lk/; gksrs dh] ;k
tkxsojhy jfgok'kh vxksnjp lgHkkx djr vlr-
dkj.k ;sFkhy yksd VsdMh mr#u 5&5 fyVjps
dWu Hk#u ik.kh vk.kr o ;sFkhy >kMkauk o
vktwcktwpk ijhlj y{k Bsoys tkr vls-

;ko#u vls letrs dh ;k tkxsps tru gks.ks ;sFkhy

jfgok'kkauk vkotwZu okVrs- ijarw ;sFks
ljdkjh ;a=.kk lgHkkx djr ukgh vls letrs-

10½;kdMs y{k ns.;klkBh jfgok'kkauh dkgh iz;Ru

dsys dk \

fooj.k okajokjhrk
gks; 2
ukgh 10
56
 ,dw.k 12

ojhy lkj.kho#u vls letrs dh] ;k LFkGkdMs

y{k ns.;klkBh ;sFkhy jghok'kkauk dkgh iz;Ru
dsys ulY;kps izek.k vf/kd vkgs rj dkgh iz;Ru
dj.kkÚ;kaps izek.k deh vkgs-

;sFkhy jfgok'kh xjhc vlY;kus R;kauh ;sFkhy

LFkkuhd uxjlsodkadMs vtZ fnyk ijarw rs rks
vtZ iq<s ikBor uls vls er vkgs-
rlsp ;k xqQasoj oklqnso QMdsaph dqVwac
;sFks R;aP;k iq.;rhFkh o t;arhP;k fno'kh
dk;ZØe jkcorkr-
;ko#u vls lk/; gksrs dh] vkiY;k egkjk"Vªkps
vkn;Økarhdkjdkph ,d xqQk dY;k.kyk ykHkyh
i.k rh fVdo.;klkBh dqBsrjh ljdkj ekxs iMr vkgs-

11½ ;k LFkGkps tru dsY;kl dk; Qk;nk gksbZy \ dk

\
ojhy iz'ukps fo'ys"k.kko#u vls letrs dh] ;k
LFkGkps tru >kY;koj ;kdMs yksdkaps y{k
57
 os/kys tkbZy o ;sFks ,d fiduhd ikWbZaV o
i;ZVdkps vkd"kZd LFkG gksÅ 'kdrs- R;keqGs
yksdkaps izek.k ok<sy o ;sFkhy fodkl gksbZy-
;ko#u vls fl/n gksrs dh] ;k LFkGkph tksikl.kk
dsys rj ;kps fodkl gksÅ 'kdrs o yksdkauk
fiduhd ikWbZaV gksbZy

12- ;k LFkGkps tru dsY;kl dk; rksVk gksbZy dk \

ojhy fo'ys"k.k dsys vlrk ;k iz'ukP;k fo#/n mRrj
feGkys dkj.k lokZauk ;k LFkGkps tru >kY;koj
rksVk gks.kkjp ukgh vls okVrs- dkj.k tru
>kY;kus ;sFks yksdkaps] i;ZVdkaps izek.k
ok<sy- ;ko#u vls fl/n gksrs dh] ;k LFkGkoj
y{k n;kos v'kh eksBh vk'kk yksdkauk okVrs-

yks.kkMph ys.kh

58
59
 yks.kkMph ys.kh

yks.kkMph ys.kh gh dY;k.k LVs'kuo#u [kwi

varjkoj Eg.kts 7 fd-eh- varjkoj vkgs- ;k fBdk.kh
tk.;klkBh cl o fj{kkph lks; vkgs- ijarw rh jLR;ki;Zarp
vkgs- iq<s Vw fOgyj us tkos ykxrs-

gh ys.kh ikaModkyhu ys.kh vkgs vls Eg.krkr

dh] ikaMokaph ,dk fnolkph xkFkk vkgs- R;kryh gh
60
ys.kh vkgs- ;k ys.khP;k cktwyk ,d ik.;kpk gkSn
vkgs R;k gkSnhrwu Hkq;kjh ekxZ vlY;kps lkaxhrys
tkrs- rks FksV fHkoaMhyk tkowu HksVrks-

tsFkwu dkgh varjkoj f'koeanhj vkgs gs lq/nk

ikaMokauh cka/kY;kps lkaxhrys tkrs- ;k eanhjkph
jpuk [kwi lqjs[k vkgs- i.k rh eksMdGhl vkyh
vkgs- ;k eanhjkP;k ekxs eksBs ryko vkgs rs lq/nk
R;kp dkGkrhy vkgs-

rF; ladyu
yksukMph ys.kh
3½ rqEgh ;k LFkGkckcr dkgh ekfgrh lkaxw 'kdky \
gk iz'u fopkjyk vlrk gs LFkG 1000
o"kkZiwohZps vlY;kps letys vkf.k gs
61
 ikaMokaP;k dkGkrhy vkgs- rlsp ;k LFkGkr
[kaMs'oj nsokps eanhj vkgs vkf.k ,d f'kodkyhu
eanhj vkgs vls Eg.krkr dh gh ys.kh ikaMokauh
R;kaP;k ,dk fnolkrY;k fdrhZiSdh ,d vkgs-

rlsp dkgh viokn Eg.kwu ;srs letys dh gh 7 O;k

'krdkrhy vlwu Jh/kj ukokpk jktk gksrk R;kauh
cka/kyk vlkok-

4½ ;k ,sfrgklhd LFkGkps ewG ukao dk; \

;k iz'ukps fo'ys"k.k dsys vlrk ;k LFkGkps
ewGukao f'koeanhj vls EgVys tkrs- iajrw dkgh
t.k yks.kkMph ys.kh rj f'kys/kkj vls Eg.krkr-

5½ ;k LFkGkdMs nqyZ{k dk >kys vlkos \

ojhy fo'ys"k.k dsys vlrk vls letys dh] ;k fBdk.kh
xzkeiapk;r] ljdkj ;kps nqyZ{k gksr pkyys vkgs-
rlsp xkokrhy yksdgh y{k nsr ulr-

62
 ;ko#u vls lk/; gksrs dh] ljdkj lkscr ;sFkhy
xkokrhy yksdkapsgh ;k LFkGkdMs y{k nsr
ulY;kps letrs-

7½ nqyZ{k gks.;kekxs tckcnkj dks.k vlkos \

¼ljdkj @ lekt @ vktwcktwpk ijhlj½
gk iz'u fopkjyk vlrk fo'ys"k.kko#u vls letys
dh] ;k LFkGkdMs nqyZ{k gks.;kekxs gs frUgh
i;kZ; tckcnkj vkgs- dkj.k ;k fBdk.kh ljdkj rlsp
;sFkhy jfgok'kkaps gh nqyZ{k gksr vkgs-
;sFkhy jfgok'kkauh ;k ys.khps dkgh Hkkx Lor
%P;k ?kjh ?ksÅu xsys vkgsr-

;ko#u vls lk/; gksrs dh] ;sFkhy jfgok'kkapk

cstckcnkjikk fnlwu ;srks-

8½ iq<s ;k LFkGkpk iwuZokij djrk ;sbZy \

ojhy fo'ys"k.kko#u vls vk<Grs dh ;k LFkGkps
iquZokij djrk ;sÅ 'kdrs dkj.k gs tkxr` nsoLFkku
vkgs o ;sFks vkRrk eqacbZgwu yksd ;sr vlrkr-

63
 ;ko#u vls lk/; gksrs dh] ;k LFkGkph ekfgrh
eqacbZrhy yksdkauk vkgs- ijarw nqnSZokus
dY;k.ke/;s ;kckcr ekfgrh Dophr t.kkaukp vkgs
o nqyZ{k gksr vkys vkgs-

9½ gks rj R;klkBh rqEgh dk; @ d'kkizdkjs lgHkkx

djky \
;kckcr fo'ys"k.k dsys vlrk vls letwu ;srs dh]
;sFks l/;k yksdkauh lkQlQkbZ o ,d= ;sÅu ekrh
dk<yh tkrs- R;keqGs ys.khps dkgh Hkkx fnlw
ykxys-
;ko#u vls lk/; gksrs dh] xkokrhy yksdkauh Lor
%gwu dkghrjh lgHkkx djk;yk iq<s vkys vkgs-
10½;kdMs y{k ns.;klkBh ;sFkhy jfgok'kkauh dkgh
iz;Ru dsys dk \

fooj.k okajokjhrk
gks; 6
ukgh 6
,dw.k 12

64
 ojhy lkj.kho#u vls y{kkr ;srs dh] 12
t.kkaiSdh v/ksZ t.k ;k LFkGkdMs ;sFkhy
jghok'kh y{kr nsr vlY;kps Eg.krkr rj v/ksZ t.k ;k
LFkGkdMs y{k nsr ulY;kps Eg.krkr-

gks;- --- xzkeiapk;rhr lq/kkj.kklkBh vtZ dsyk

vlwu dkgh lq/kkj.kk >kyh ukgh] vls er
fo'ys"k.kko#u letys-

11½;k LFkGkps tru dsY;kl dk; Qk;nk gksbZy-

;kps Li"Vhdj.k vls dh] ;k LFkGkps tru dsY;kus
yksdkaps izek.k ok<sy rlsp i;ZVdkaps izek.k
ok<sy o xkokpkgh fodkl gksbZy-

12½;k LFkGkps tru dsY;kl dk; rksVk gksbZy \ dk \

;k iz'ukps fo'ys"k.k dsys vlrk lokZaps er lekt
vlY;kps letwu ;srs dkj.k tj ;sFks tru >kys rj
ewGhp rksVk gks.kkj ukgh myV xkokpk fodkl
gksbZy vls okVrs-

65
 la'kks/kdkyk >kysyk cny
;k o"kZHkjkP;k izkslsle/;s vkeP;k xzqi e/;s
dkgh cny >kysys vkgs rs cny dk; vkgsr rs vki.k ikgw
----
66
1½ O;DrheRo %
iwdkjP;k ;k fjlpZ izkslsl eqGs xzqie/khy dkgh
xzqi esaclZph O;DrheRokr cny >kysys vkgs- ,
[kkn;k lkekthd leL;sckcr fdaok R;k fo"k;koj
fopkj d# ykxys- vkiY;k vkliklP;k dkgh leL;soj
fopkj dj.;kph {kerk ok<w ykxyh-

2½ dkS'kY; %
;k izkslsl e/;s fofo/k izdkjps dkS'kY; xzqiyk
f'kdrk vkf.k voxr djrk vkyh- eqyk[kr
d'kh ?;k;ph] eqyk[kr ?ksrkuk d'kkizdkjs laokn
lk/k.ks ;k izdkjps dkS'kY; xzqi esaclZ f'kdys-
rls vkRefo'okl laHkk"k.k dkS'kY;] bOgsaV
eWust] izs>saVs'ku dkS'kY; f'kd.;kl feGkys-

3½ Kku %
nj eghU;kyk gks.kkÚ;k feVhaXl e/;s fofo/k
fo"k;koj ppkZ gksr- rlsp dE;qfuVh bOgsaV]
R;k R;k {ks=kr tkowu fofo/k yksdka'kh
HksVwu laokn lk/kY;kus fofo/k izdkjps Kku
izkIr >kys-
67
 [kjap iwdkj ;k laLFkssph gh ;qFk
Qsyksf'ki ;k izksxzkeeqGs xzqie/khy dkgh
xzqi esaclZph fopkj 'kSyhr cny >kyk svkf.k
ldkjkRed fopkj dj.;kl f'kdysr-

fu"d"kZ
dY;k.ke/khy ,sfrgkfld LFkGkps gks.kkjs tru
vkf.k gks.kkjs nqyZ{k ;kP;k erkapk vH;kl
djrkauk dY;k.kP;k ifjljkrhy ,sfrgklhd LFkGkP;k
50 eqyk[krhrwu feGkysY;k rF;krwu gh dkgh
BGd fu"d"kZ-
1- tru >kysY;k fBdk.kkaps tru gksÅu fdeku 10&15
o"ksZ >kys-

2- rsFkhy oSf'k"V; vlysys eqn~ns fVdfo.;klkBh

iquZ%fuekZ.k dj.;kr vkys-

3- ljdkjus vkiY;k Qk;n;klkBh tru dsys R;keqGs

yksdkaP;k Hkkoukapk fopkj dsyk ukgh-

4- tru >kY;kus Qk;nk gksr vkgs ijarw [kjh okLrw

u"V >kyh-

68
5- LFkGkps tru dsY;kus uqdlkugh >kys vkf.k
Qk;nkgh >kyk vkgs-

6- nqyZ{khr LFkGkdMs nqyZ{k gks.;kekxs

rsFkhy jfgok'kh] ljdkj vkf.k ijhlj tckcnkj vkgs-

7- nqyZ{khr LFkGkpk iwuZokij dsY;kus vusd

Qk;ns gksÅ 'kdrkr-

4- R;k LFkGkdMs dkgh t.kkauh Lor%gwu y{k

ns.;kpk iz;Ru dsyk- ijarw ljdkjh enr feGr ukgh-

5- ,dkp 'kgjkr ljdkjps nksu iSyw fnlwu vkys-

Eg.kts ljdkjus fnysys y{k vkf.k fnysys nqyZ{k-

lqpuk

1- dY;k.ke/khy ukxjhdkauk ;k ekSY;oku

,sfrgklhd LFkGkckcr tkxdrk
` ukgh vkgs-
R;keqGs ljdkjus fdaok lkekftd laLFkkauh
;kckcr yksdkai;Zar ekfgrh iksgkspo.ks xjtsps
vkgs-

69
2- jfgok'kkauk R;k R;k LFkGkaps egRo iVowu
ns.ks xjtsps vkgs-

3- nqyZ{khr LFkGklkBh ljdkjus fo'ks"k y{k fnys

ikfgts-

70
71