Mekanika Teknik

q
P3
EI
F
H2
H2
P2
P1
1.5 EI
2 EI
1/2H1
H1
B
C
L1
L2
L3
L1 = 2 m
H1 = 3 m
P1 = 4 t
L2 = 3 m
H2 = 4 m
P2 = 3 t
L3 = 2 m
q =
2 t/m
P3 = 2 t
Konstruksi yang akan dianalisa
q =
2 t/m
P3 =
2t
Misalnya:
A
4m
EI
EI
EI
b
P2 =
P1 =
3t
1.5 EI
1.5 m
4t
2 EI
a
B
2m
Struktur dasar yang dikekang
4m
3m
2m
3m
L1 =
EI1 = 1
L2 =
5.5
EI2= 1.5
L3 =
EI3 = 1
L4 =
EI4 = 2
Momen primer
1
MAD =
MDA
ql
12
= - MBA =
12
-0.667
MDB = -
P a . .b
2
MBD =
P a. b
L
1
MDE =
MED
ql2
12
= - MDE =
MEC =
2
P a . .b
MCE = MEF =
0.667
L2
P.L
(2)
(2)
(1.5)
(5.5)
(1.5)
(4)
= -
= -0.893 tm
= 2.380 tm
(2)
(3)
(3
(4
(7)
12
-1.5 tm
4
(4)
= 0.667 tm
t/m
(5.5)
= (2)
0.667
= -
2
P a. b
(3)
(7)
(2) =
1.5 tm
= 2.939 tm
(4)
= -3.918 tm
4 tm
1.5
0.893
1.5
2.939
2.380
3.918
Derajat ketidak tentuan kinematis : 2
D1
D2
Gaya eqivalen Q yang koresponding dengan lendutan

-0.059
Q1 =
Q2 =
5.439
Q1 =
1.500
0.667
0.893
-0.059
Q2 =
4.000
1.500
2.939
5.439
D1
d2
d5
d3
Di berikan D1 = 1 satuan
D2
d6
d7
Di berikan D2 = 1 satuan
Diagram H-D
H1
d2
H2
H5
d1
H3
d6
H6
d5
H7
d3
d7
d4
d8
H4
H8
[S] =
[S] =
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
D1
D2
d1
d2
d3
d4
d5
d6
d7
d8
4EI1/L1 2EI1/L1
2EI1/L1 4EI1/L1
4EI2/L2 2EI2/L2
2EI2/L2 4EI2/L2
4EI3/L3 2EI3/L3
2EI3/L3 4EI3/L3
4EI4/L4 2EI3/L3
2EI4/L4 4EI4/L4
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.091
0.545
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.545
1.091
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.333
0.667
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.667
1.333
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.143
0.571
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.571
1.143
[K] = [A]T [S] [A]

[A]
[K] =
[S]
0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0
[K] =
[K]-1 =
4.424
0.667
EI
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.091
0.545
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.545
1.091
0
0
0
0
[A]
0
0
0
0
1.333
0.667
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.667
1.333
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.143
0.571
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.571
1.143
0.667
2.476
0.236 -0.063
1/EI
-0.063 0.421
[D]= [K]-1 [Q]

[D] =
0.236 -0.063
-0.063 0.421
D1 =
-0.359
D2 =
2.293
-0.059
5.439
[H] = [S] [A] [D]

[S]
[H] =
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
H1 = -0.359
H2 = -0.718
H3 = -0.392
H4 = -0.196
H5 =
1.050
H6 =
2.818
H7 =
2.621
H8 =
1.310
0
0
1.091
0.545
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.545
1.091
0
0
0
0
[A]
0
0
0
0
1.333
0.667
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.667
1.333
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.143
0.571
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.571
1.143
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
[D]
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
-0.359
2.293
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
Momen akhir = H - Momen primer
MAD =
-0.359
0.667
-1.026 tm
MDA =
-0.718
-0.667
-0.051 tm
MDB =
-0.392
-0.893
0.501 tm
MBD =
-0.196
2.380
-2.576 tm
MDE =
1.050
1.500
-0.450 tm
MED =
2.818
-1.500
4.318 tm
MEC =
2.621
2.939
-0.318 tm
MCE =
MEF =
1.310
-3.918
5.229 tm
-4 tm
Syarat Momen dititik Hubung = 0

TITIK D
MDA + MDB + MDE = 0
TITIK E
MED + MEC + MEF = 0
-0.051 + 0.501 + -0.450 = 0

0.000 = 0
4.318 + -0.318 +
OK!!!
q= 2
MAD=
= 0
= 0
OK!!!
q= 2
MDE= 0.450
HDE
D
VDE
MAD= 0.051
HDA
1.026
HAD
A
VAD
-4
0.000
D
VDA
P3
MED= 4.318
HED
E
VED
HDB
P2 =
MEF=
2t
4
E
VEF
HEC
VEC
MDB= 0.501
MEC=
0.318
P1 =
VDB
B
C
3
VBD
VCE
MBD= 2.576
MCE= 5.229
HBD
HCE
VDA = -0.051 +
= 1.4616
VAD
HDB
HBD
4
2
= 3.1722
1.026
VED =
()
=
4
- 1.4616
= 2.5384 ()
= 3.1722
()
()
VDE
4.318 +
9
3
= 4.2894
()
- 4.2894
= 1.7106
()
HEC
= 6.289
HCE
= 6.289
()
()
0.450
VEF =
2t
()
VDB =
VBD
0.501 +
4.5
5.5
= 0.441
( )
=
3
= 2.559
- 0.4409
HED
= 1.013
HDE
= 1.013
RVA =
2.538
RVB =
3.172
RVC =
6.289
Dimana,
2.576
VCE
VEC
( )
( )
( )
()
()
()
-0.318 +
( )
=
4
= 1.013
- 2.9872
0.572
HAD
0.572
0.572
RHB =
2.559
RHC =
2.987
= 2.987
HDA
RHA =
16
7
5.229
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
MA =
1.026
MB =
2.576
MC =
5.229
Q = q(L1+L2)
=
10 t
Kontrol
V = 0
H = 0
RVA + RVB + RVC - Q - P3 = 0

2.538 + 3.172 + 6.289 - 10 - 2 = 0
0.000 = 0
OK!!!
RHA + RHB + RHC + P2 - P1 = 0

0.572 - 2.559 + 2.9872 +
3
0.000 = 0
OK!!!
MF = 0
(Tinjau keseluruhan struktur)
RVA (L1+L2+L3) + RVB (L2+L3)

Q ((1/2 L1+L2)+L3)
+ RC (L3) + RHB (H2+(1/2H1))
= 0
- RHC(H2+H1)
- P2(H2)
+ P1(H2)
- MA - MB + MC = 0
2.538 (7) + 3.172 (5) + 6.289 (2) + 2.559 (5.5) - 2.987 (7) - 3 (4) + 4 (4) 10 (4.5) - 1.026 - 2.576 + 5.229 = 0
17.769 + 15.861 + 12.579 + 14.075 - 20.911 - 12 + 16 - 45 - 1.026 - 2.576 + 5.229 =
0.000 = 0
(Oke!!!)
Persamaan gaya - gaya dalam

0 x
Bidang Momen
Tinjau Bentang B - D, interval
1.5 dan x 5.5

Bidang Lintang
Bidang Normal
B'
Mx = - MBD + VBD x
= -2.576 + 2.559 x
u/x = 0 Mx =
u/x = 1.5 Mx =
B
VBD
Dx = VBD
= 2.559 t
Nx
=
=
-HBD
-3.172 t
-2.576 tm
1.263 tm
MBD= 2.576
HBD
Bidang Momen
Bidang Lintang
Mx = - MBD + VBD x - P ( x = 1.924 - 0.441 x
Dx = VBD - P
= 2.559 - 3
= -0.441 t
1.5 )
3
u/x = 1.5 Mx =
u/x = 5.5 Mx =
1.5
P =
(x- 2)
1.263 tm
-0.501 tm
Bidang Normal
B
VBD
Nx
MBD= 2.576
=
=
-HBD
HBD
Tinjau Bentang C - E, interval
C'
dan x
Bidang Momen
Mx = -MCE + VCE x
= -5.229 + 2.987 x
x
C
u/x =
u/x =
VCE
0
3
Mx =
Mx =
Bidang Lintang
Dx = -VCE
= -2.987 t
-5.229 tm
3.733 tm
Bidang Normal
Nx
MCE= 5.229
=
=
-HCE
-6.289 t
HCE
Bidang Momen
(x- 3)
P =
Bidang Lintang
Mx = -MCE + VCE x - P ( x = 6.7713 - 1.013 x
3)
4t
u/x =
u/x =
3
7
Mx =
Mx =
3.733 tm
-0.318 tm
Dx = -VCE + P
= -2.987 +
= 1.013 t
Bidang Normal
C
VCE
MCE= 5.229
HCE
Nx
=
=
-HCE
-6.289 t
-3.172 t
Tinjau Bentang A - D, interval

MAD=
1.026
q= 2
HAD
A
VAD
Bidang Momen
Bidang Lintang
Mx = -MAD + VAD x
= -1.026 +
u/x =
u/x =
0
2
2
- 1/2 qx
2.538 x -
Mx =
Mx =
Dx = VDA
1x
- qx
= 2.538
- 2.00 x
u/x = 0 Mx =
u/x = 2.00 Mx =
-1.026 tm
0.051 tm
Momen Max
2.538 t
-1.462 t
Bidang Normal
dM
= 2.538
dx
2x
Nx
= 0
= -HAD
= -0.572 t
x = 1.269 m
Momen max terjadi pada jarak x =
1.269 m
u/x = 1.269 Mx = 0.585 tm
Tinjau Bentang D - E, interval
MDE =
0.450
3
Bidang Lintang
q= 2
HDE
D
Dx = VDE - qx
= 1.711 - 2.00 x
u/x = 0 Mx = 1.711 t
u/x = 3.00 Mx = -4.289 t
VDE
Bidang Momen
Mx = -MDE + VDE x
= -0.450 +
2
- 1/2 qx
1.711 x -
u/x = 0 Mx =
u/x = 3.00 Mx =
Momen Max
dM
= 1.711
dx
1x
Bidang Normal
-0.450 tm
-4.318 tm
2x
Nx
Tinjau Bentang A - D, interval
-HDE
-1.013 t

0.855 m
u/x = 0.855 Mx = 0.282 tm
= 0
=
=
0.855 m
0
2
Bidang Lintang
P3 =
2t
Bidang Momen
Dx = P
=
2t
Mx = - Px
x
=
u/x =
-2 x
0
Mx =
0 tm
tm
u/x = 2.00 Mx =
-4 tm
tm
1.5 m
1.5 m
4m
Gambar Bidang Momen, Lintang dan Normal
2m
3m
2m
4.318
4
1.026
0.450
0.501
0.585
0.051
0.282
1.263
0.318
3.733
2.576
5.229
Diagram bidang momen
2.538
2
1.711
+
-
2.559
0.441
4.289
2.987
+
-
Diagram bidang Lintang
0.572
6.289
3.172
1.013
Diagram bidang Normal
1.013
1.462
c
P
d
a
a
b
=
=
6m
4m
b
c =
d =
e =
2m
3m
1m
P =
q =
2t
1 t/m
Struktur yang akan dianalisa

q = 1 t/m
D
2m
P= 2t
C
3m
a
B
1m
6m
4m
Akibat translasi
T = 2 joint - ( 2 jepit + sendi + rol + batang )
= 2 x 4 - ( 2 x 2 + 0 + 0 + 3 )
= 1 translasi
Akibat rotasi
R = joint - jepit
= 4 - 2
= 2 rotasi
Analisa sudut dan panjang batang

tan a =
a =
tan b =
b =
5
= 1.25
4
51.34
2
= 0.33
6
18.43
CD =
2
Sin b
BD =
5m
=
Sin a
sin
2
18.43
= 6.325 m
sin
5
51.34
= 6.403 m
Menghitung Momen Primer

q =
1 t/m
D
D
MCD
MDC
ql2
12
= - MBA
=
=
12
-3.000 tm
(1)
(6)
= 3.000 tm
6m
c. Gaya luar ekivalen di titik diskrit yang koresponding dengan lendutan
D3
D1
D2
Selanjutnya Q1 dicari dengan cara sbb :

- bentang DE
q = 1.00
VDC
VCD
1/2 (q.l)
D
D
C
6.00 m
Distribusi gaya di titik D
Dik
PDB
a =
51.34
b =
g =
18.43
71.57
VDC =
VDC
a
HD
PDB
=
=
RDC cos g
2.846
HD
2.098
b
g
PDC
PDC
Sehingga diperoleh matriks {Q} :

jadi;
Q1 = P- HD
=
-0.098 ton
-0.098
Q1
3.000
Q2
-3.000
Q3
=
=
RDC sin g
0.949
Diberikan D1 =
1 satuan
d4
d5
d3
d2
d6
d1
Tinjau segitiga C - C' - C''

C''
C'C''
= D ( sin
=
0.316
( 18.43 ))
C'
D=
Tinjau segitiga D - D' - D''

D''
D'
g =
90 -
20.22
DD'
(b +
= D ( COS
=
0.949
a)
DD''
( 18.43 ))
= DD'/ ( COS
=
1.011
( 20.22 ))
D'D'' = DD' ( Tan

=
0.350
( 20.22 ))
D
D=
0.316
0.350
0.316
x
2.00
x
0.350
(6.32 - x)
0.316 x =
x
(6.32 - x)
a
d2
d3
d3
= 3.004
b
1
d1
0.350 x
2.00
0.666
0.25
d5
0.25
d6
-0.11
D'D''
=
b
-0.11
(e+d )
d1
C'C''
a
1.011
6.403 m
d11
0.16
0.16
0.25
d1
0.25
d2
-0.11
d3
-0.11
d4
0.16
d5
0.16
d6
D1
Diberikan D2 =
1 satuan
d3
d2
d1
d2
d3
d4
d5
d6
d1
d2
d3
d4
d5
d6
D2
Diberikan D3 =
1 satuan
d5
d4
D2
Diagram H-D
d4
H5
H4
H3
d3
d5
H2
d6
d2
H6
d1
H1
Matriks akibat Deformasi [A]
0.25
0.25
-0.11
-0.11
0.16
0.16
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
d1
d2
d3
d4
d5
d6
Matriks kekakuan bahan [S]
4EI1/L1
2EI1/L1
2EI1/L1
4EI1/L1
4EI2/L2
2EI2/L2
4EI2/L2
4EI3/L3
2EI3/L3
2EI3/L3
4EI3/L3
1
0.5
0
0
0
0
0.5
1
0
0
0
0
2EI2/L2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.632 0.316
0
0
0.316 0.632
0
0
0
0
0.625 0.312
0
0
0.312 0.625
Matriks kekakuan struktur [K] = [A]T[S][A]

[A]T
[K] =
0.25
0
0
0.26
[K] = 0.28
0.05
[S]
0.25 -0.11 -0.11 0.16

1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0.28
1.63
0.32
0.16
0
0
1
0.5
0
0
0
0
0.5
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.63
0.32
0
0
0
0
0.32
0.63
0
0
[A]
0
0
0
0
0.62
0.31
0
0
0
0
0.31
0.62
0.25
0.25
-0.11
-0.11
0.16
0.16
0.05
0.32
1.26
Matriks Lendutan [D] = [K]-1 {Q}
[D] =
4.79 -0.81 0.02

-0.81 0.78 -0.17
0.02 -0.17 0.84
-0.098
3.000
-3.000
-2.97
2.92
-3.01
Matriks gaya dalam [H]

[H] = [S] [A] [D]
[S]
[H] =
1
0.5
0
0
0
0
0.5
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.63
0.32
0
0
0
0
0.32
0.63
0
0
[A]
0
0
0
0
0.62
0.31
0
0
0
0
0.31
0.62
0.25
0.25
-0.11
-0.1
0.16
0.16
0
1
1
0
0
0
[D]
0
0
0
1
1
0
-2.97
2.92
-3.01
0.348
1.808
1.192
-0.682
-2.318
-1.378
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
MAC =
0.348
0.348
MCA =
1.808
1.808
MCD =
1.192
3.000
-1.808
MDC =
-0.682
-3.000
2.318
MDB =
MBD =
-2.318
-2.318
-1.378
-1.378
Syarat Momen dititik Hubung = 0

TITIK C
MCA + MCD = 0
1.808
TITIK D
MDC + MDB = 0
-1.808
0.000
= 0
= 0
2.318
OK.
-2.318
0.000
= 0
= 0
OK!!!
Menghitung Reaksi perletakan

Tinjau bentang CD
Dimana ;
VCA
MCA
1.808
t/m
MAC
0.348
t/m
MCA
HCA
HCA
4m
HAC
HAC
MAC
MCA
+ MAC
4m
[ ]
0.539 t
MCA
+ MAC
4
[ ]
0.539 t
VAC
Tinjau bentang CD
q =
Dimana ;
P-HCA =
Q
=
MCD
=
MDC
MCD
MDC
vDC
C
P-HCA
6.00
VCD
VCD
-MCD + MDC
(3) -
(P-HCA)
2.539 t
6.00 t
1.808
t/m
VCD
=
=
2.318
3.761
t/m
t
VDC
2.239
VDC
VCD
Q -
OK!!!
[]
2.239
[]
3.761 t
Tinjau bentang BD
VDB
VDC
2.239 t
VBD
VDB
2.239 t
MBD
1.378
MDB
2.318
D MDB
[]
[]
5m
HDB
VDB
MBD
HBD
HBD
MDB + MBD
VDB
(4)
VBD
(4)
5
2.530 t
[ ]
4m
VBD
HDB
MDB + MBD
2.530 t
+
5
[ ]
Menghitung Gaya-gaya dalam

Tinjau Bentang A - C, interval
4.0
Bidang Momen
Bidang Lintang
Bidang Normal
C
Mx
x
A
HAC
u/x
u/x
MAC
= MAC - HAC x
= 0.348 =
=
0
4.0
Dx
0.539 x
Mx
Mx
=
=
0.348
-1.808
= -HAC
= -0.539 t
Nx
=
=
-VAC
-3.761 t
tm
tm
VAC
Tinjau Bentang F - E, interval
4.00
Dimana, a =
Sin a =
cos a =
Tan a =
51.340
0.78
0.62
1.25
Bidang Momen
Mx
a
B HBD
MBD
=
0
= 4.00
u/x
u/x
VBD
Bidang Lintang
Dx
= VBD cos a =
-0.577
= VBD x
- HBD tan a x
= 2.239 x - 3.163 x +
= -0.924 x 1.378
Bidang Normal
Nx
= - HBF cos a
=
-3.329
HBD sin a
Tinjau Bentang C - D, interval

q =
Mx
Mx
0
1
MCD
b
x
VCD
Bidang Momen
Mx
u/x
u/x
= -MCD + VCD x - HCD tan b x
- 1/2 q x
-1.808
3.761 x
-1.808
2.915 x
=
0
= 6.00
Mx
Mx
=
=
-1.808
-2.318
1.378
-2.318
tm
tm
- VBF sin a
6.00
Dimana, a =
HCD
=
=
+ MBF
1.378
0.846 x
0.500 x
tm
tm
0.500 x
18.435
Sin a =
cos a =
0.32
0.95
Momen Max
dM
dx
2.915
1.000 x
= 0
x
= 2.915
2.915
u/x = 2.915 Mx =
4.908
tm
Bidang Lintang
Dx
= VCD cos b
= 3.568
- qx cos b + HCD sin b

- 0.95 x +
0.803
u/x
u/x
=
0
= 6.00
Mx
Mx
=
=
4.371
-1.321
Bidang Normal
Dx
u/x
u/x
= - VCD sin b
+ qx sin b
= -1.189 + 0.32 x =
0
= 6.00
Mx
Mx
=
=
HCD cos b
2.409
-3.598
-1.701
Gambar Diagram Momen, Lintang dan Normal
2m
q= 1 t/m
2t
1m
3m
P=
6m
4m
2.318
2.318
1.808
1.808
4.908
+
+
1.378
0.348
4.371
1.321
77
0.5
0.539
1.70
3.761
9
32
3.
8
3.59
Gambar Diagram Momen, Lintang dan Normal
2m
q= 1 t/m
2t
1m
3m
P=
6m
4m
2.318
2.318
1.808
1.808
4.908
+
78
1.3
+
0.348
4.371
1.321
77
0.5
0.539
1.70
3.761
9
32
3.
8
3.59
3.000 tm
d1
d2
d3
d4
d5
d6
-3.761 t
2 a.
Kontol dengan Menggunakan metode Fleksibilitas

Dengan cara yang sama diperoleh gaya luar (Q) yang koresponding dengan lendutan
Q1 = -0.059 tm
Q2 = 5.439 tm
Mengubah struktur statis menjadi statis tertentu dengan memberikan gaya rendundat
Diberikan R1 = 1 satuan
5
2
5
R1
5
R2
5
1
R3
3
3
R4
5.50
5.5
5.50
5.5
R5
1.50
1
1
R6
Gaya luar yang koresponding dengan lendutan

Diberikan D1 = 1 satuan
1
D1
1
D2
1
1
Matriks statis akibat gaya redundat [P']
P'
0
-2
0
0
2
-5
5
-5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-5
1
-1
0
0
1
-1
1
-1
0
0
0
0
0
-3
3
-3
Matriks statis tertentu akibat gaya Q [P]
0
0
5.50
0
-5.50
5.5
-5.5
-1.50
0
0
-1
1
1
-1
1
-1
0
0
0
0
1
-1
1
-1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
-1
Matriks bahan [M]
[P']T
0.67 -0.33
0
0
0
0
0
0
-0.33 0.67
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.22 -0.61
0
0
0
0
0
0
-0.61 1.22
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.00 -0.50
0
0
0
0
0
0
-0.50 1.00
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.17 -0.58
0
0
0
0
0
0
-0.58 1.17
0
0
1
0
0
0
-2
0
-1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5.5
-1
0
0
0
0
0
1
2
0
1
0
-5.5
1
-5
0
-1
-3
5.5
-1
5
0
1
3
-5.5
1
-5
-5
-1
-3
-1.5
-1
-L
3EI
6EI
-L
6EI
3EI
Matriks fleksibilitas akibatgaya luar [Fo] = [P']T[M][Po]

28
8.75
6.5
15
-23.5
6.5
[F] =
17.5
8.75
3.5
10.5
-7
3.5
Matriks fleksibilitas akibat bekerjanya gaya redundat [F'] = [P']T[M][P']

[F'] =
129.2 43.75 30
70.5 -92.8
28
43.75 29.17 8.75 26.25 -7.29 8.75
30
8.75
8.5
15 -23.5 6.5
70.5 26.25 15
40.5 -45.8
15
-92.8
-7
-23.5 -45.8 156 -33.6
28
8.75
6.5
15 -33.6 10.17
[F']-1 =
0.97
-0.11
-1.15
-1.14
0.105
0.193
-0.11
0.277
0.076
-0.01
-0.13
-0.37
-1.15
0.076
1.764
1.261
-0.07
-0.13
-1.14
-0.01
1.261
1.523
-0.07
-0.13
0.105
-0.13
-0.07
-0.07
0.087
0.259
0.193
-0.37
-0.13
-0.13
0.259
1.021
Matriks statis struktur [P] =[P] -[P'][F']-1[F]
[P'][F']-1[F]
[P]
[P] =
[P]-1 =
0
0
0
0
1
-1
1
-1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
-1
-0.24
-0.47
-0.26
-0.13
0.728
-1.07
1.072
-0.96
0.24 0.47 0.26 0.13 0.27

-0.06 -0.13 -0.07 -0.03 0.20
Matriks fleksibilitas [F] = [P]T[M][P]

[F] =
0.236
-0.063
0.24
0.47
0.26
0.13
0.27
0.07
-0.07
-0.04
-0.06
-0.13
-0.07
-0.03
0.20
0.52
0.48
0.24
0.07 -0.07 -0.04

0.52 0.48 0.24
Lendutan di titik distrik [D] = [F][Q]
-0.063
0.421
Gaya pada Struktur [H] = [P][Q]
[F] =
0.063
0.127
0.069
0.035
-0.2
-0.52
0.519
-1.24
[P]
[D]
-0.359
2.293
-0.359
-0.718
-0.392
MAD =
MDA =
MDB =
-0.359
-0.718
-0.392
0.667
-0.667
-0.893
=
=
=
-1.026 tm
-0.051 tm
0.501 tm
ok!!!!
ok!!!!
ok!!!!
-0.196
-0.196
MBD =
2.380
-2.576 tm
ok!!!!
1.050
MDE =
1.050
1.500
-0.450 tm
ok!!!!
2.818
MED =
2.818
-1.500
4.318 tm
ok!!!!
2.621
MEC =
2.621
2.939
-0.318 tm
ok!!!!
1.310
MCE =
1.310
-3.918
5.229 tm
ok!!!!
MEF =
0.000
4.000
-4 tm
ok!!!!
Karena nilai momen akhir yang didapatkan dari metode Fleksibilatas sama dengan nilai momen akhir
yang didapatkan dari metode kekakuan sama maka
= terkontrol
2 b.
Kontrol dengan menggunakan metode Fleksibel
c. Dengan cara yang sama diperoleh gaya luar (Q) yang koresponding dengan lendutan
Q1
=
-0.098 tm
Q2
3.000
Q3
-3.000 tm
tm
Mengubah struktur statis menjadi statis tertentu dengan memberikan gaya rendundat
6
10
R1
6
4
1
R2
1
1
1
1
1
1
R3
D1
3
1
1
1
D2
1
1
D2
Matriks statis akibat gaya redundat [P']
P'
0
0
0
-6
6
-10
0
4
-4
6
-6
1
1
-1
1
-1
1
-1
Matriks statis tertentu akibat gaya Q [P]
0
0
0
-2
2
3
0
0
1
-1
1
-1
0
0
0
0
1
-1
Matriks bahan [M]

1.33 -0.67
0
0
0
0
-0.67 1.33
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.11 -1.05
0
0
0
0
-1.05 2.11
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.13 -1.07
0
0
0
0
-1.07 2.13
[P']
-6
-10
0
1
4
-1
-4
1
6
-1
-6
1
1
-1
-L
3EI
6EI
-L
6EI
3EI
Matriks fleksibilitas akibat gaya luar [F ] = [P'] [M][P ]

-11
70.2
51
-35.9 -54
-22
3.1 12.73 6.403
[F]
Matriks fleksibilitas akibat bekerjanya gaya redundat [F'] = [P']T[M][P']

[F']
494.2 -270 70.2

-270 273.3 -62.0
70.2 -62.0 16.7
[F']-1 =
0.01
0.00
-0.02
0.00
0.02
0.08
-0.02
0.08
0.44
Matriks statis struktur [P] =[P] -[P'][F']-1[F]
[P'][F']-1[F]
[P]
[P]
[P]-1 =
0
0
0
-2
2
3
0
0
1
-1
1
-1
0
0
0
0
1
-1
-0.09 0.07
-0.48 0.16
0.48 -0.16
-1.22 -0.47
1.22 0.47
-0.83 -1.26
1.39 0.09 -0.07

0.98 0.48 -0.16
-0.98 0.52 0.16
-0.72 0.22 0.47
0.72 -0.22 0.53
0.71 -0.17 0.26
1.39 0.98 -0.98 -0.72 0.72 0.71

0.09 0.48 0.52 0.22 -0.22 -0.17
-0.07 -0.16 0.16 0.47 0.53 0.26
Matriks fleksibilitas [F] = [P]T[M][P]

[F]
-1.39
-0.98
0.98
-1.28
1.28
2.29
[P]
4.788
-0.811
0.021
-0.811
0.781
-0.166
0.021
-0.166
0.836
Lendutan di titik distrik [D] = [F][Q]

[D]
-2.967
2.920
-3.007
Gaya pada Struktur [H] = [P][Q]
[F]
0.348
MAC =
0.348
0.000
0.348
ok!!!!
1.808
MCA =
1.808
0.000
1.808
ok!!!!
1.192
MCD =
1.192
3.000
-1.808
ok!!!!
-0.682
MDC =
-0.682
-3.000
2.318
ok!!!!
-2.318
MDB =
MBD =
-2.318
0.000
-2.318
ok!!!!
-1.378
0.000
-1.378
ok!!!!
-1.378
Karena nilai momen akhir yang didapatkan dari metode Fleksibilatas sama dengan nilai
momen akhir yang didapatkan dari metode kekakuan sama maka
= terkontrol
P2
P3
P1
Data - data
a
b
c
t
=
=
=
=
3m
P1 =
4t
6m
3m
4m
P2 =
P3 =
3t
2t
Struktur yang akan dianalisa

P2 = 3 t
P3 = 2 t
4m
P1 = 4 t
3m
6m
3m
Analisa Sudut
4.00
3.00
4.00
6.00
tan a =
tan b =
a=
53.13
b=
33.69
Sin a
Cos a
Sin b
Cos b
=
=
=
=
0.8
0.6
0.555
0.832
Mencari gaya-gaya dalam

VA
VA
=
=
=
HA =
P1
(4)
- P2
(4)
(9)
- P3
(3)
(9)
(3)
12
1.417 t ()
4 t ()
3
12
VB
VB
=
=
=
P1
4
(4) + P2
(4)
(3) + P3
12
(3)
12
0
2 =
3.583 t ()
Kontrol SV
VA + VB - P2 1.417 + 3.583 -
P3
3
=
-
(9)
(9)
0.000
OK!!!
Drajat Ketidaktentuan Kinematis = 9

D1
D5
D2
D6
4
5
6
7
8
10
D
D4
D8
D3
D7
b. Vektor gaya luar dititik diskrit yang koresponding dengan lendutan

Q1= 3 t
Q5= 2 t
Q2= 4 t
c. Diberikan D1 = 1 satuan
D1
4
5
1
9
7
10
d1
sin a
d3
sin
d1
0.8
d3
90
d4
sin
d4
d5
sin b
d5
0.555
d. Diberikan D2 = 1 satuan
4
D2
5
9
7
1
2
10
d1
cos a
d3
cos
d1
0.6
d3
90
d4
-cos
d4
-1
d5
-cos b
d5
-0.832
e. Diberikan D3 = 1 satuan
4
5
1
3
7
D3
2
d6
d6
10
-sin b
-0.555
d2
sin
d2
d3
-sin
d3
-1
90
d10
sin
d10
f. Diberikan D4 = 1 satuan
4
5
1
10
D4
d6
d6
=
=
-cos b
-0.832
d2
d2
=
=
cos
1
d3
d3
=
=
cos
0
90
d10
-cos
d10
-1
g. Diberikan D5 = 1 satuan
D5
4
5
1
3
7
2
d4
sin
d4
10
d6
d6
Sin b
0.555
d7
sin
d7
90
d9
sin a
d9
0.8
h. Diberikan D6 = 1 satuan
4
D6
6
7
d4
cos
d4
10
d6
d6
cos b
0.832
d7
cos
d7
90
d9
-cos a
d9
-0.6
i. Diberikan D7 = 1 satuan
4
D7
d5
-Sin b
-0.555
7
8
10
d5
d7
-sin
d7
-1
90
d8
sin
d8
d10
sin
d10
j. Diberikan D8 = 1 satuan
4
6
7
10
D8
d5
d5
cos b
0.832
d7
cos
d7
90
d8
-cos
d8
-1
d10
cos
d10
k. Diberikan D9 = 1 satuan
4
6
7
10
2
d8
cos
d8
d9
d9
cos a
0.6
Perhitungan matriks
[A]
0.800
0.600
d1
d2
-1
d3
-1
d4
0.555
-0.832
-0.555
0.832
d5
-0.555
-0.832
0.555
0.832
d6
-1
d7
-1
d8
0.800
-0.600
0.600
d9
-1
d10
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
D8
D9
Dari gambar struktur dapat diperoleh matriks kekakuan axial [S] :

0.2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.333
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.25
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.139
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.139
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.25
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.333
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.167
1
0
-1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0.555
-0.832
0
0
0
0
-0.555
0.832
0
0
0
-0.555
-0.832
0.555
0.832
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
-1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-1
1
0
0
0
0
0.8
-0.6
0
0
0.6
0
0
0
-1
0
0
0
1
0
Perhitungan matriks kekakuan

[K] = [A]T.[S].[A]
Matriks [A]T
0.8
0.6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
matriks
[A]T.[S]
0.16
0.12
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.333
0
0
0
0
0
0.25
0
-0.25
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-0.167
0
0
0
0.167
0
0
0
0.077
-0.115
0
0
0
0
-0.077
0.115
0
0
0
-0.077
-0.115
0.077
0.115
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.250
0
-0.250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-0.333
0.333
0
0
0
0
0.160
-0.120
0
0
0.120
0.032
0.335
0
0
0
-0.167
0.064
-0.096
0
-0.25
0
0.293
0.064
-0.043
-0.064
0
0
0
0
0
0.064
0.596
-0.064
-0.096
0
-0.167
0
0
0
-0.043
-0.064
0.421
-0.032
-0.250
0
0.096
0
-0.167
-0.064
-0.096
-0.032
0.335
0
0
-0.072
-0.043
0.064
0
0
-0.250
0
0.293
-0.064
0
0.064
-0.096
0
-0.167
0
0
-0.064
0.596
-0.333
0
0
0
0
0.096
-0.072
0
-0.333
0.405
0
0
0
-0.167
0
0
0
0.167
0
matriks [K]
0.421
0.032
-0.25
0
0
0
-0.043
0.064
0
[D] = [K]-1.{Q}
Perhitungan lendutan
[K]-1
[D] =
[D] =
7.982
-1.688
4.393
-1.247
4.893
-3.938
-4.5
0
0
-48.222
49.539
-45.055
15.188
-43.153
26.289
-46.32
38.438
46.5
-2.831
2.25
-3.253
5.135
-3.919
5.250
6
0
0
11.287
-1.688
4.893
-0.141
5.197
-3.498
-4.060
0
0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
D8
D9
-1.688
3
-0.563
2.25
-0.563
3
3
0
0
[Q]
4.893
-0.563
8.482
-1.003
7.982
-2.813
-4.5
0
0
-0.141
2.25
-1.003
7.146
-1.230
4.261
5.011
0
0
5.197
-0.563
7.982
-1.230
11.287
-2.373
-4.060
0
0
-3.498
3
-2.813
4.261
-2.37
8.011
8.011
0
0
-4.060
3
-4.5
5.011
-4.060
8.011
11.011
0
0
-3
4
0
0
-2
0
0
0
0
Perhitungan gaya Batang
[H] = [S].[A].{D}
Matriks [S].[A]
0.160
0
0.250
0
0.077
0
0
0
0
0
0.120
0
0
0
0
0.333
0
-0.250
0
-0.2
0
0
-0.1154
0
0
0
-0.077 -0.115
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-0.1667
-1.771
5.063
-0.792
-3.875
-1.427
1.427
0.792
2.688
-4.479
3.875
[H] =
0
0
0
0
0
0.077
0.250
0
0.160
0
0
0
0
0.2
0
0.115
0
0
-0.120
0
0
0
0
0
-0.077
0
-0.250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.115
0
0
-0.333
0
0.2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.333
0.120
0
H1
H2
H3
H4
H5
H6
H7
H8
H9
H10
Kontrol gaya-gaya batang
Titik A
H1
SV = 0
VA + H1
1.417 +
Sin a
-1.417
=
=
0
0
0.000
H2 5.063 -
HA
4
0.000
HA
H2
SH
H1
cos a
-1.063 +
VA
SV
VB
Titik B
H9
H8
OK!!!
= 0
+ H9
3.583
Sin a
=
=
=
0
0
0
-3.583
0.000
(Oke!!!)
- H8
2.688
0.000
=
=
=
0
0
0
(Oke!!!)
a
SH = 0
-H9 cos a
-2.688 VB
(Oke!!!)
Diagram perpindahan batang

4
5
1
10
OK!!!
D9
D9

Mekanika Teknik

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Mekanika Teknik

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q

Struktur dasar yang dikekang

Gaya eqivalen Q yang koresponding dengan lendutan

[K] = [A]T [S] [A]

[D]= [K]-1 [Q]

[H] = [S] [A] [D]

Momen akhir = H - Momen primer

Syarat Momen dititik Hubung = 0

-0.051 + 0.501 + -0.450 = 0

RVA + RVB + RVC - Q - P3 = 0

RHA + RHB + RHC + P2 - P1 = 0

(Tinjau keseluruhan struktur)

RVA (L1+L2+L3) + RVB (L2+L3)

+ RC (L3) + RHB (H2+(1/2H1))

Persamaan gaya - gaya dalam

Tinjau Bentang B - D, interval

1.5 dan x 5.5

Mx = - MBD + VBD x - P ( x = 1.924 - 0.441 x

Tinjau Bentang C - E, interval

Mx = -MCE + VCE x - P ( x = 6.7713 - 1.013 x

Tinjau Bentang A - D, interval

Tinjau Bentang A - D, interval

Momen max terjadi pada jarak x =

Gambar Bidang Momen, Lintang dan Normal

Diagram bidang Lintang

Diagram bidang Normal

Struktur yang akan dianalisa

Analisa sudut dan panjang batang

Menghitung Momen Primer

Selanjutnya Q1 dicari dengan cara sbb :

Sehingga diperoleh matriks {Q} :

Tinjau segitiga C - C' - C''

Tinjau segitiga D - D' - D''

D'D'' = DD' ( Tan

Matriks akibat Deformasi [A]

Matriks kekakuan bahan [S]

Matriks kekakuan struktur [K] = [A]T[S][A]

0.25 -0.11 -0.11 0.16

Matriks Lendutan [D] = [K]-1 {Q}

4.79 -0.81 0.02

Matriks gaya dalam [H]

Momen akhir = H - Momen primer

Syarat Momen dititik Hubung = 0

Menghitung Reaksi perletakan

Menghitung Gaya-gaya dalam

Tinjau Bentang C - D, interval

= -MCD + VCD x - HCD tan b x

- qx cos b + HCD sin b

Gambar Diagram Momen, Lintang dan Normal

Diagram bidang momen

Diagram bidang Lintang

Diagram bidang Normal

Gambar Diagram Momen, Lintang dan Normal

Diagram bidang momen

Diagram bidang Lintang

Diagram bidang Normal

Kontol dengan Menggunakan metode Fleksibilitas

Gaya luar yang koresponding dengan lendutan

Matriks statis tertentu akibat gaya Q [P]

Matriks bahan [M]

Matriks fleksibilitas akibatgaya luar [Fo] = [P']T[M][Po]

Matriks fleksibilitas akibat bekerjanya gaya redundat [F'] = [P']T[M][P']

Matriks statis struktur [P] =[P] -[P'][F']-1[F]