DO NOW

1. What is the first step of the scientific

method?
2. What is a hypothesis? What words
need to be included in a hypothesis?
3. How is data recorded in an
experiment?
4. The signal to get quiet in our
classroom is?



EXIT Ticket
Smithers thinks that a special juice will increase the
productivity of workers. He creates two groups of 50 workers
each and assigns each group the same task (in this case,
they're supposed to staple a set of papers). Group A is given
the special juice to drink while they work. Group B is not
given the special juice. After an hour, Smithers counts how
many stacks of papers each group has made. Group A
made 1,587 stacks, Group B made 2,113 stacks
Identify the:
1. Control Group
2. Independent Variable
3. Dependent Variable
4. What should Smithers' conclusion be?
5. How could this experiment be improved?


The Nature of Science
Chapter 1
Section 1
What is Science?
You should know
this by now!!!
What is Science?
A. Sciencea way or a process used to
investigate what is happening around you
1. Scientists observe, investigate, and
experiment to find answers.
2. Scientists also use prior experience to
predict what will occur in
investigations.
3. Technology is the application
of science to make products
or tools that people can use.
What is Science?
B. Communication in science

1. Thousands of scientific journals and
magazines report the results and conclusions
of experiments every year.

2. You can also keep scientific data
and results in a Science Journal.
Section 2
Doing Science
I promise, it wont hurt a bit!
Doing Science
A. Scientific methodsways, or steps to follow, to
solve problems
B. Descriptive researchanswering a scientific
question by making observations about the
question
1. State the research objective.
2. Describe the research design,
or how you will carry out
your investigation.
3. Eliminate bias, or expected results.

Doing Science
4. Select the best materials for the investigation.
a. A model represents things that happen
too slowly, too quickly, or are too big, small,
dangerous or expensive to observe directly.

b. Scientists around the world use
a system of measurements called
the International System of
Units (Metric System)
to make observations.

Doing Science
5. Design data tables, or ways to
accurately record results and observations.
6. Analyze your data and figure out
what your results mean.
7. Draw conclusions.
Dont fall
asleep on
me yet!!!
Doing Science
C. Experimental research design- answering a scientific
question by observation of a controlled situation
1. Form a hypothesis, which is a prediction that can be
tested.
2. Plan the experiment
a. Independent Variable- the
factor that is changed.
(You can only test one at a time!)

b. Dependent Variable- factor
that is being measured.
c. Constants- variables that
stay the same.
Doing Science
3. Use a control- a sample that is
treated like the other experimental
groups except that the independent
variable is not applied to it.

4. Conduct several trials of the
experiments.

5. Analyze your results and draw
conclusions.
Observation
Look at your desk, touch your desk make three observations.
1.
2.
3.
Pay Attention!!
1 min Count the number of Fs in the sentence and write it down.
Writing a Hypothesis
A hypothesis must contain the words IF and THEN.

If I study for a test, then I will get an A.
If I eat a lot of sugar, then I will get hyper.
If I mix chemical A and
chemical B, then they will
create a new chemical.

Sample Size
The more subjects you test, the more
accurate your results.
For 8
th
grade experiments, using 10 or
more test subjects could be enough.
Scientists must use many more
test subjects in order to test their
hypothesis.
A hypothesis is..
IMPORTANT

Even if it is not

SUPPORTED .

Section 3
Science and Technology
Which is better..
Science and Technology
A. Scientific discoveries lead to new products
that influence your lifestyle.
1. Entertainment- _____________
2. Convenience- ______________
3. Health- _____________________
B. Science provides information that
people use to make decisions.
C. However, science cannot decide
whether the new information is
good or harmful, moral or immoral.
Now youre done taking notes
BUT
Lets try a problem
Bart thinks that drinking a 32 ounce
Mountain Dew before you go
skateboarding will help you do a higher ollie
in the air. He divides 10 of his friends into 2
groups. To group A, he gives each person a
32 ounce Mountain Dew. To group B
he gives nothing. Group As
average ollie height was 2 feet,
and group Bs average ollie
height was 1 foot.
What is the problem being solved?
Does mountain Dew make you do
higher ollies on a skateboard?
What is the control group?
Group B
What is the independent variable?
Mountain Dew
What is the dependent variable?
Ollie height
Is the sample size big enough?
For a small experiment, yes. For
accuracy, however, more
participants would be better.
What is the hypothesis?
If you drink Mountain Dew, then
you will do higher ollies.
What is his experimental procedure?
He divides 10 friends into 2
groups. Group A get Mountain
Dew and Group B does not.
What should Barts conclusion be?
Mountain Dew does cause you to
do higher ollies.
Lets try one more
And you in the front
rowquit eating glue!
Last problem.
Homer thinks that adding hot sauce to
gasoline will make a car go faster.
One day, he adds hot sauce to
Marges gasoline tank but no hot
sauce to his own tank. They both drive
to the same grocery store. It takes
Homer 25 minutes to get
there and Marge 20
minutes to get there.
What is the problem being solved?
Does hot sauce make a car
go faster?
What is the control group?
Homers car
What is the independent variable?
Hot Sauce
What is the dependent variable?
How long it takes to get to the
grocery store.
Is the sample size big enough?
Two cars is definitely not a big
enough sample size.
What is the hypothesis?
IF you add hot sauce to gasoline,
THEN it will make your car go
faster.
What is his experimental procedure?
Add hot sauce to one cars
gasoline tank but not to the other
and see who gets to the grocery
store first.
What should Homers conclusion be?
He might conclude that hot sauce
does make a car go faster, but his
sample size was not big enough
to make a conclusion
Think youre
ready to try
some on
your own
now.?