TOPIC 2-3: SEGMENTS AND DISTANCE (textbook 1-2 & 1-6)
LINE SEGMENT: part of a line consisting of 2 endpoints and all of the
points between them. Coordinate: a nmber that pro!ides the location of a point. To measre the LENGTH of a segment" #o can se a nmber line to find the DISTANCE between the two endpoints" or #o can se the formla: EXAMPLE 1 Find the distance between 2 and 6 on a number line. EXAMPLE 2 Find PQ, Q and P on the number line shown below. PQ ! """""""""""" Q ! """""""""""" P ! """""""""""" # 1 2 $ % &1 &2 &$ &% P Q
d'on a number line( !
$%here a & b are coordinates of the endpoints of the segment.' %hen a segment is drawn on a coordinate plane" #o can find its LENGTH b# sing the DISTANCE formla: EXAMPLE $ Find the distance between ' 2, &1 ( and ' &2, &1 (. (ond to the nearest hndredth if necessar#. EXAMPLE % Find the distance between ' &), 2 ( and ' &2, $ (. (ond to the nearest hndredth if necessar#. EXAMPLE ) Find A*. (ond to the nearest hndredth if necessar#. d ! A * E)amine the measres of *+" +( and *( in E,-M*LE 2. Notice that ../ 0 1./ 2 3" so 444444444444444444. This sggests the following postlate5 +e,ment Addition Postulate- If + is between * and (" then *+ 0 +( 2 *(. If *+ 0 +( 2 *(" then + is between * and (. EXAMPLE 6 ./ * is between A and 0 and A* ! % and *0 ! ), then A0 ! """"""""""""""" EXAMPLE 1 ./ A* ! 2, *0 ! 2 3 6 and A0 ! 2%, then /ind A* and *0. A* ! """""""""""""""4 *0 ! """""""""""""""" EXAMPLE 5 Find LM i/ L is between 6 and M, 6L ! 62 ), LM ! 22 3 $ and 6M ! $#. LM ! """""""""""""""