A Microprocessor typically has (large) external memory and external peripherals.

They are generally

higher performance.

A Microcontroller typically has (small) internal memory and internal peripherals. They are generally slower
to mid performance.

A Microcomputer is a complete system consisting of (usually) a Microprocessor, but could be a complete
system consisting of a Microcontroller.

Usually a Microcontroller based system is called an embedded system.