Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong Vn Th Nha Trang

T: 0972.311.481 Trang 1

Bi tp pascal c bn n nng cao theo chng trnh TIN HC

lp 11 khng phn ban
Nhm gip cc bn hc sinh lp 11 tip cn vi ngn ng lp trnh Pascal mt cch d
dng v vn dng vo cc ngn ng lp trnh khc trong tin hc, ti su tm v bin son
mt s
bi ton c bn n nng cao c trong chng trnh ca lp 11 khng phn ban. Cc chng
trnh nhm mc ch tham kho cho cc bn ham m tin hc v l ti liu chun b cho cc
bi
kim tra v mn tin hc.
Nha trang thng 3/2011

Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong Vn Th Nha Trang

T: 0972.311.481 Trang 2
Phn I: CC BI TP C BN
Bi 1: Tm gi tr ln nht trong 4 s a, b, c, d (a, b, c, c nhp t bn phm).
Program Program TIM_SO_LON_NHAT;
Uses crt;
Var a,b,c,d,max: real;
BEGIN
Clrscr;
Writeln('TIM SO LON NHAT TRONG BON SO A, B, C, D');
Writeln('---------------------------------------------------------------');
Write('Nhap a='); Readln(a);
Write('Nhap b='); Readln(b);
Write('Nhap c='); Readln(c);
Write('Nhap d='); Readln(d); max:=a;
If b>max then max:=b; If c>max then max:=c; if d>max then max:=d;
Writeln('So lon nhat la: ',max: 4: 2);
Readln;
END.
Bi 1B: Vit chng trnh nhp ba s dng bt k, kim tra ba s va nhp c phi l ba
1

cnh ca tam gic khng? Nu phi th tnh chu vi v din tch ca tam gic .
PROGRAM Kiem_tra_tam_giac;
Uses crt;
Var a,b,c,cv,s,p: real;
BEGIN
Clrscr;
Writeln(nhap so thu nhat); readln(a);
Writeln(nhap so thu hai); readln(b);
Writeln(nhap so thu ba); readln(c);
If(a+b>c) And(a+c>b) And(b+c>a) then
Begin
Cv:=a+b+c; p:=c/2; s:=sqrt(p*(p-a)*(p-b)*(p-c));
Writeln(ba so vua nhap la ba canh cua tam giac); Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong
Vn Th Nha Trang
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Writeln( chu vi cua tam gia la, cv: 4: 2, dien tich cua tam giac la, s:6:2);
End
Else Writeln(ba so vua nhap khong phai la ba canh cua tam giac);
Readln
End.
Bi 1C: Vit chng trnh nhp cao h so vi mt t ca mt vt ri ti ni c gia tc g,
Tnh v hin th vn tc ca vt ti mt t.
Program Tinh_van_toc;
Uses crt;
Var h, v,g: real;
Begin
Clrscr;
Writeln(nhap do cao cua vat); readln(h);
Writeln(nhap gia toc); readln(g);
V:=sqrt(2*g*h);
Writeln(van toc tai mat dat la, v: 6: 2);
Readln
End.
Bi 2: Vit chng trnh gii phng trnh ax+b=0
Program GIAI_PHUONG_TRINH_BAC_NHAT;
Uses crt;
Var a,b,x: real;
Begin
Clrscr;
Writeln('GIAI PHUONG TRINH BAC NHAT: AX + B=0');
Writeln('------------------------------------------------------------');
Write ('Nhap a= '); readln(a);
Write ('Nhap b= '); readln(b);
If(a=0) then
If(b=0) then Writeln(' Phuong trinh co vo so nghiem')
Else writeln(' Phuong tring vo nghiem')
2

Else Writeln('Phuong trinh co nghiem x=',-b/a: 4: 2); Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong
Vn Th Nha Trang
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Readln
End.
Bi 3: Vit chng trnh gii bt phng trnh bc 1 (ax + b > 0)
Program BAT_PHUONG_TRINH_BAC_I;
Uses crt;
Var a,b: real;
Begin
Clrscr;
Writeln('GIAI BAT PHUONG TRINH BAC NHAT: AX + B>=0');
Writeln('----------------------------------------------------------------------');
Write('nhap a='); readln(a);
Write('nhap b='); readln(b);
If a<>0 then
If a>0 then Writeln('Bat phuong trinh co nghiem: x>=',-b/a: 4: 2)
Else Writeln('Bat phuong trinh co nghiem: x<=',-b/a: 4: 2)
Else
If b>=0 then Writeln('Bat phuong trinh co vo so nghiem')
Else writeln('Bat phuong trinh vo nghiem');
Readln
End.
Bi 4: Vit chng trnh gii phng trnh (ax
2
+ bx + c =0)
Program GIAI_PHUONG_TRINH_BACII;
Uses crt;
Var a,b,c,d,x,x1,x2: real;
Begin
Clrscr;
Writeln('GIAI PHUONG TRINH BAC II: ');
Writeln('-------------------------------------------');
Write('Nhap he so a='); readln(a);
Write('Nhap he so b='); readln(b);
Write('Nhap he so c='); readln(c);
If a=0 then Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong Vn Th Nha Trang
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If b=0 then
If c=0 then
Writeln('Phuong trinh co vo so nghiem')
Else Writeln('Phuong trinh vo nghiem')
Else Writeln('Phuong trinh co mot nghiem: x=',-c/b: 4: 2)
Else
3

Begin
d:=b*b-4*a*c;
If d=0 then Writeln('Phuong trinh co nghiem kep: x=',-b/(2*a): 4: 2)
Else if d<0 then Writeln(phuong trinh vo nghiem)
Else
Begin
x1:=(-b+sqrt(d))/(2*a);
x2:=(-b-sqrt(d))/(2*a);
Write('Phuong trinh co hai nghiem: );
Writeln( x1=',x1: 4: 2,' va x2=',x2: 4: 2);
End;
End;
Readln
End.
Bi 5: Gii h phng trnh tuyn tnh:
ax + by = m
cx + dy = n
Program GIAI_HE_HAI_AN;
Uses crt;
Var a,b,c,d,m,n: real;
dx,dy,dd: real;
BEGIN
Clrscr;
Writeln('GIAI HE HAI AN: ');
Writeln('----------------------------------');
Write('Nhap a='); readln(a);
Write('Nhap b='); readln(b); Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong Vn Th Nha Trang
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Write('Nhap c='); readln(c);
Write('Nhap m='); readln(m);
Write('Nhap n='); readln(n);
dd:=a*d-b*c; dx:=m*d-b*n; dy:=a*n-c*m; If dd=0 then
If (dx=0) And (dy=0) then
Writeln('He vo so nghiem hoac vo nghiem')
Else writeln('He vo nghiem')
Else
Begin
Write('He co nghiem: '); Writeln('x=',dx/dd: 4: 2,' va y=',dy/dd: 4: 2);
End;
Readln
End.
Bi 6: Nhp vo thi gian 1 cng vic no l x giy. Hy chuyn i v vit ra mn
hnh s thi gian trn di dng bng bao nhiu gi, bao nhiu pht, bao nhiu giy.
Program DOI_GIO_PHUT_GIAY;
Uses crt;
Var gio, phut,giay, x: longint;
4

Begin
Clrscr;
Writeln('DOI SANG GIO PHUT GIAY');
Writeln('--------------------------------------');
Write('Nhap vao so giay: ');
readln(x);
gio:=x div 3600; x:=x mod 3600; phut:=x div 60; x:=x mod 60;
Writeln('Ket qua = ', gio,'gio: ', phut, 'phut: ', x, 'giay');
Readln;
End.
Bi 7: Nhp vo tm v bn knh ca mt ng trn. Sau nhp vo mt im
A(x, y) bt k v kim tra xem n c thuc ng trn hay khng?
Program KIEM_TRA_DIEM_THUOC_DUONG_TRON;
Uses crt;
Var x0,y0,xa,ya,d,r : real; Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong Vn Th Nha Trang
T: 0972.311.481 Trang 7
Begin
Clrscr;
Writeln('KIEM TRA DIEM THUOC DUONG TRON: ');
Writeln('--------------------------------------------------------');
Write('Nhap ban kinh R= '); readln(r);
Write('Nhap hoanh do tam duong tron = '); readln(x0);
Write('Nhap tung do tam duong tron = '); readln(y0);
Write('Nhap hoanh do diem a = '); readln(xa);
Write('Nhap tung do diem a = '); readln(ya);
d:=SQRT(SQR(xa-x0)+SQR(ya-y0));
If r=d then Writeln('Diem A nam tren duong tron')
Else
If d>r then Writeln('Diem A nam ngoai duong tron')
Else Writeln('Diem A nam trong duong tron');
Readln
End.
Bi 7 b: Vit chng trnh nhp vo tm v bn knh hai ng trn, xc nh v
tr tng i ca hai ng trn .
Program Khao_Sat_Hai_Duong_Tron;
Var R 1, R2 ,x1, y1,x2,y2, Kc, Tong, Hieu: Real;
BEGIN
Writeln('KHAO SAT 2 DUONG TRON');
Writeln('----------------------------------------------------');
Writeln;
Writeln('*Duong tron thu nhat');
Write(' +Ban kinh: '); Readln(R1);
Write(' +Toa do x: '); Readln(x1);
Write(' +Toa do y: '); Readln(y1);
writeln;
Writeln('*Duong tron thu hai'); Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong Vn Th Nha Trang
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T: 0972.311.481 Trang 8
Write(' +Ban kinh: '); Readln(R2);
Write(' +Toa do x: '); Readln(x2);
Write(' +Toa do y: '); Readln(y2);
Kc:=Sqrt(Sqr(x1 x2) + Sqr(y1 y2));
Tong:=R1 + R2; Hieu:=ABS(R1 R2);
If (Kc = 0) AND (Hieu = 0) Then
Writeln('-Hai duong tron trung nhau')
Else
If (Hieu > Kc) Then
Writeln('-Hai duong tron long nhau')
Else If (Tong = Kc) OR (Hieu = Kc) Then
Writeln('-Hai duong tron tiep xuc nhau')
Else If (Tong > Kc) AND (Hieu < Kc) Then
Writeln('-Hai duong tron cat nhau ')
Else If (Tong < Kc) Then
Writeln('-Hai duong tron o ngoai nhau-');
Readln
End.
Bi 8: Tnh x
y ( Vi x, y l s thc).
Program X_LUYTHUA_Y;
Uses crt;
Var lt, x,y,z: real;
Begin
Clrscr;
Writeln(TINH X LUY THUA Y: );
Writeln('----------------------------------');
Write('Nhap x = '); readln(x); Write('nhap y = '); readln(y);
If x>=0 then
Begin
z:=exp(y*ln(x)); Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong Vn Th Nha Trang
T: 0972.311.481 Trang 9
Writeln('x ^ y = ',z: 4: 2);
End
Else
Writeln('Khong tinh duoc do x la so am');
Readln;
End.
Bi 9: Tnh n!
Program TINH_N_GIAI_THUA;
Uses crt;
Var i,n,gt: integer;
Begin
6

Clrscr;
Writeln(' TINH N GIAI THUA: ');
Writeln('----------------------------------');
Write('Nhap n ='); readln(n); gt:=1;
For i:=1 to n do gt:=gt*i; Writeln(n, '!= ',gt);
Readln;
End.
Bi 10**: c ngy thng nm, sau vit ra mn hnh l ngy th my trong tun.
Program Ngaythang;
Uses crt;
Var Thu, Ngay, Thang: Byte;
Nam: Integer;
BEGIN
Clrscr;
Write (' Doc Ngay: '); Readln ( Ngay );
Write (' Doc Thang: '); Readln ( Thang );
Write (' Doc Nam: '); Readln ( Nam );
Nam:=1900 + ( Nam mod 1900 );
If Thang < 3 Then Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong Vn Th Nha Trang
T: 0972.311.481 Trang 10
Begin
Thang:=Thang + 12; Nam:=Nam - 1;
End;
Thu:=Abs ( Ngay + Thang * 2 + ( Thang + 1 ) * 3 div 5 + Nam + Nam div 4 ) mod 7;
Case Thu Of
0: Writeln (ngay ,ngay, thang ',thang, nam ,nam, la ngay Chu Nhat ');
1: Writeln ('ngay ,ngay, thang ',thang, nam ,nam, la ngay Thu Hai ');
2: Writeln ('ngay ,ngay, thang ',thang, nam ,nam, la ngay Thu Ba ');
3: Writeln (ngay ,ngay, thang ',thang, nam ,nam, la ngay Thu Tu ');
4: Writeln (ngay ,ngay, thang ',thang, nam ,nam, la ngay Thu Nam ');
5: Writeln ('ngay ,ngay, thang ',thang, nam ,nam, la ngay Thu Sau ');
6: Writeln ('ngay ,ngay, thang ',thang, nam ,nam, la ngay Thu Bay ');
End;
Readln;
END.
Bi 11: Vit chng trnh:
Nhp s bo danh Nhp im vn, ton, ngoi ng
In ra mn hnh di dng:
Phiu im:
S bo danh:
im vn:
im ton:
im ngoi ng:
Tng s im:
Bn trng tuyn ( hoc Bn khng trng tuyn ) vi iu kin Tng s im >= 15
hay ngc li.
7

Program INPHIEU;
Uses Crt;
Var SBD: Integer;
Van, Toan, Ngoaingu, Tongdiem: Real; Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong Vn Th Nha
Trang
T: 0972.311.481 Trang 11
BEGIN
Clrscr;
Write (' So bao danh: '); Readln( SBD );
Write (' Diem toan: '); Readln( Toan );
Write (' Diem ngoai ngu: '); Readln( Ngoaingu );
Write (' Diem van: '); Readln ( Van );
Tongdiem:=Toan + Van + Ngoaingu;
Writeln (' Phieu Bao Diem ');
Writeln (' So bao danh: ', SBD );
Writeln (' Diem van: ', Van );
Writeln (' Diem toan: ', Toan );
Writeln (' Diem ngoai ngu: ', Ngoaingu);
Writeln (' Tong diem: ', Tongdiem);
If Tongdiem >= 15 Then
Writeln(' Ban da trung tuyen ')
Else Writeln(' Ban khong trung tuyen ');
Readln;
END.
Bi 12 : Vit chng trnh nhp hai s thc. Sau hi php tnh cn thc hin v in kt
qu ca php tnh .
Nu l +, in kt qu ca tng ln mn hnh.
Nu l -, in kt qu ca hiu ln mn hnh.
Nu l /, in kt qu ca thng ln mn hnh.
Nu l *, in kt qu ca tch ln mn hnh. Nu l +, in kt qu ca tng ln mn
hnh.
Nu l +, in kt qu ca tng ln mn hnh.
Program Chuongtrinh_tinh;
Uses Crt; Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong Vn Th Nha Trang
T: 0972.311.481 Trang 12
Var a, b, T: Real;
Pt: Char;
BEGIN
Clrscr;
Write (' a = '); Readln( a );
Write (' b = '); Readln( b );
Write (' Phep tinh thuc hien la (+ - * /): ');
Readln( Pt );
If Pt = '+ Then T:=a + b;
8

If Pt = '- Then T:=a - b;

If Pt = '* Then T:=a * b;
If Pt = '/ Then T:=a / b;
Write ( a, pt, b, ' = ', T );
Readln;
END.
Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong Vn Th Nha Trang
T: 0972.311.481 Trang 13
PHN II: CU LNH C CU TRC
Bi 12. Cho s t nhin n, hy lp trnh tnh cc tng sau:
a. 1 + 1/22
+ 1/32
+ + 1/n2
b. 1 + 1/2! + 1/3! + + 1/n!
Program Caua;
Uses crt;
Var n, i: Word;
S: Real;
BEGIN
Clrscr;
Write (' Nhap n: '); Readln (n);
S:=0;
For i:=1 To n Do
S:=S + 1 / sqr(i);
Writeln ('Tong la S = ', S: 6: 2);
Readln
END.
Program Cau_b;
Uses crt;
Var n, i, j, p: Word;
S: Real;
BEGIN
Clrscr;
Write (' Nhap n: '); Readln(n);
p:=1; s:=0;
For i:=1 To n Do
Begin
p:=p * i; S:=S + 1 / p;
End; Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong Vn Th Nha Trang
T: 0972.311.481 Trang 14
Writeln ('Tong la S = ', S: 6: 2);
Readln
End.
9

Cu 13a: Lp trnh tnh tng:

A = 1 + 1/2 + 1/3 + + 1/n
y n l s t nhin c nhp vo t bn phm.
Program tinhtong;
Uses Crt;
Var i, n: Integer; tong: Real;
BEGIN
Clrscr;
Write (' Cho so tu nhien n: '); Readln (n);
tong:=0; i:=1;
While i <= n Do
Begin
tong:=tong + 1/i; i:=i + 1;
End;
Writeln (' Tong can tim la: ', tong: 8: 2 );
Readln;
END.
Cu 13b: Tnh s hng th n ca dy FIBONAXI bit n nhp t bn phm v quy lut
dy nh sau F0=0; F1=1 v Fn=Fn-1+Fn-2
Program FIBONAXI;
Uses crt;
Var A: array[0..1000] of integer;
n: integer;
Begin
Clrscr; Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong Vn Th Nha Trang
T: 0972.311.481 Trang 15
Writeln(can so hang thu may cua day Fibonaxi); readln(n);
A[0]:=0; A[1]:=1;
For i:=2 to n do
A[i]:=A[i-1]+A[i-2];
Writeln(so hang thu, n,cua day fibonaxi la, A[n]);
Readln
End.
Cu 14a: Tnh hm ly tha an,
y a thc v n t nhin c nhp vo t bn
phm.
Program Tinhgiaithua;
Uses Crt;
Var i, n: Integer;
a, giatri: Real;
BEGIN
Clrscr;
Write (' nhap co so a =: '); Readln(a);
Write (' nhap so mu n =: '); Readln(n);
i:=1; giatri:=1;
While i <= n Do
10

Begin
giatri:=giatri * a;
i:=i+1;
End;
Writeln(' a mu n bang: ', giatri: 8: 2 );
Readln;
END.
Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong Vn Th Nha Trang
T: 0972.311.481 Trang 16
Bi 14b. Vit chng trnh nhp vo hai s nguyn dng a, b bt k, hin th c
chung ln nht ca hai s v bi chung nh nht ca hai s .
Program UC_BC;
Uses crt;
Var a, b, uc, bc: integer;
BEGIN
Clrscr;
Writeln(nhap so thu nhat ); readln(a);
Writeln(nhap so thu hai ); readln(b);
While (a<>b) do
Begin
If a>b then a:=a-b else b:=b-a;
End;
uc:=a; bc:=(a*b)/uc;
Writeln(uoc chung lon nhat cua ,a, va ,b, la ,uc);
Writeln(boi chung nho nhat cua ,a,va ,b, la ,bc);
Readln
END.
Cu 15: Chng trnh nhp mng mt chiu gm n phn t n<=100 kiu nguyn ri
thc hin
a. m s lng phn t dng cho kt qu ra mn hnh
b. Tnh tng cc phn t dng trong mng.
c. Tnh trung bnh cc phn t trong mng.
d. Tnh trung bnh cc phn t dng trong mng
e. Tm v tr u tin ca phn t =k vi k nhp t bn phm.
f. Tm v tr phn t =k vi k nhp t bn phm, nu c nhiu phn t =k th hin
th ra mn hnh tt c v tr phn t=k .
g. m s lng phn t l nguyn t trong mng.
h. Kim tra mng va nhp c phi l cp s cng hay khng?
i. Sp xp mng theo th t tng dn cc phn t v hin th ra mn hnh mng
tng
Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong Vn Th Nha Trang
T: 0972.311.481 Trang 17
Prgram BAI_15;
Uses crt;
11

Var A: array[1..100] of integr;

i, k,demd, s, demnt, tg,n, d, dd,j : integer;
tb, tbm: real;
Begin
Clrscr;
Writeln(nhap so luong phan tu cua mang); readln(n);
Writeln(----------------------nhap mang--------------------------------------);
For i:=1 to n do
Begin
Writeln(nhap so hang thu, I, A[,I,]= );
Readln(A[i]);
End;
{-------------------------------------------Cau a----------------------------------}
demd:=0;
For i:=1 to n do if A[i]>0 then demd:=demd+1;
Writeln( so luong phan tu duong cua mang la, demd);
{-----------------------------------Cau b-----------------------------------------}
s:=0;
For i:=1 to n do if A[i]>0 then s:=s+ A[i];
Writeln( tong cac phan tu duong cua mang la, s);
{-----------------------------------Cau c-----------------------------------------}
s:=0;
For i:=1 to n do s:=s+A[i];
tbm:=s/n;
Writeln( trung binh cac phan tu cua mang la , tbm: 6: 2);
{----------------------------------------Cau d-------------------------------------} Trn Vn Chung
trng THPT Hong Vn Th Nha Trang
T: 0972.311.481 Trang 18
s:=0; demd:=0;
For i:=1 to n do
Begin
if A[i]>0 then s:=s+ A[i]; demd:=d+1;
End;
tb:=s/demd;
Writeln( trung binh cac phan tu duong cua mang la , tb: 6: 2);
{----------------------------------------Cau e-------------------------------------}
Writeln( nhap gia tri can tim vi tri ); readln(k);
J:=1;
While (j<=n) And (A[j]<>k) do j:=j+1;
If j> n then Writeln(khong co gia tri , k, trong mang)
Else Writeln(k, nam o vi tri thu , j, trong mang);
{----------------------------------------Cau f---------------------------------------------}
Writeln( nhap gia tri can tim vi tri ); readln(k);
J:=1; writeln(cac vi tri xuat hien cua ,k, trong mang la);
While (j<=n) do
Begin
12

If A[j]=k then write(j: 5);

j:=j+1;
end;
{----------------------------------------Cau g---------------------------------------------}
Demnt:=0;
For i:=1 to n do
Begin
j:=2;
While( j<=A[i] - 1 ) And (A[i] mod j<>0) do
Begin
J:=j+1;
End; Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong Vn Th Nha Trang
T: 0972.311.481 Trang 19
If j> A[i] - 1 then demnt:=demnt+1;
End;
Writeln( so luong phan tu la nguyen to la, demnt);
{----------------------------------------Cau h-------------------------------------------}
d:=A[2]-A[1]; j:=3;
While (j<=n) And (A[j]-A[j-1]=d) do j:=j+1;
if j>n then Writeln( mang vua nhap la cap so cong)
else Writeln( mang vua nhap khong phai la cap so cong);
{------------------------------------------Cau i-----------------------------------------------}
For i:=1 to n do
For j:=i+1 to n-1 do
If A[j]>A[j+1] then
Begin {doi vi tri hai phan tu A[j] va A[j+1]}
tg:=A[j];
A[j]:=A[j+1];
A[j+1]:=tg;
End;
Writeln(mang sau khi duoc sap xep la);
For i:=1 to n do write(A[i]: 5);
Readln
END.
Bi 15 b: Vit chng trnh nhp vo mng gm n phn t (n<=100) tm v hin th
v tr phn t c gi tr ln nht, sau sp xp cc phn t theo th t tng dn v
hin th cc phn t sp xp ra mn hnh.
Program Tim_vi_tri;
uses crt;
var a: array[1..100] of integer;
var i,n,j, tg,max, vt: integer;
begin
clrscr;
write(' nhap so phan tu cua mang '); Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong Vn Th Nha
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T: 0972.311.481 Trang 20
readln(n);
writeln(' moi nhap cac phan tu cua mang ');
for i:=1 to n do
begin
write('A', i,']= ');
readln(a[i]);
end;
Max:=a[1]; vt:=1;
For i:=1 to n do
begin
If A[i]>max then
Begin
Max:=a[i]; vt:=i;
End;
End;
Writeln('gia tri lon nhat la ', max, ' nam o vi tri thu ',vt);
for i:=1 to n-1 do
for j:=i+1 to n do
if a[i]>a[j] then
Begin
tg:=a[i];
a[i]:=a[j];
a[j]:=tg;
End;
writeln(' day sau khi sap xep la ');
for i:=1 to n do Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong Vn Th Nha Trang
T: 0972.311.481 Trang 21
write( a[i]: 4);
readln;
End.
Bi 15C: Vit chng trnh nhp mng gm n phn t kiu nguyn(n<=100) v cho
ra mn hnh phn t xut hin nhiu nht v s ln xut hin ca n trong mng
Program Tansuat;
Uses crt;
var i,k,j,n,max:integer;
b,st: array [1..100] of integer;
begin
clrscr;
write('Nhap so pt:');readln(n);
for i:=1 to n do
Begin
write('st[',i,']=');readln(st[i]);
End;
b[i]:=0;
14

for i:=1 to n do
for j:=i to n do
if st[i]=st[j] then inc(b[i]);
max:=b[1];
for i:=1 to n do if b[i]>max then max:=b[i];
write('--So xuat hien nhieu nhat la--');
for i:=1 to n do
if max=b[i] then write(st[i],' ');
write('---xuat hien--- ',max,' lan--');
Readln
End. Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong Vn Th Nha Trang
T: 0972.311.481 Trang 22
Bi 16. Vit chng trnh nhp mng gm n (n<=100) phn t ri chn vo mt s
bt k vo mt v tr no trong mng, s cn chn v v tr chn nhp t bn
phm.
Program Chen;
Uses crt;
Var i,spt, so,vitri: Integer;
A: Array[1..100] Of Integer;
Begin
Clrscr;
Writeln(' + CHEN MOT SO VAO MANG +');
Writeln('-------------------------------');
Write('-Co bao nhieu phan tu-: ');
Readln(spt);
For i:=1 To spt Do
Begin
Write('-Phan tu A[',i,']= ');
Readln(a[i]);
End;
Writeln;
Writeln('--MANG TRUOC KHI CHEN--');
For i:=1 To spt Do Write(a[i]: 6);
Writeln;
Write('-Can che so: ');
Readln(so);
Write('-Vao vi tri: ');
Readln(vitri);
For i:=spt+1 Downto Vitri+1 Do
a[i]:=a[i-1]; a[vitri]:=so; spt:=spt+ 1;
Writeln;
Writeln('MANG SAU KHI CHEN');
For i:=1 To spt Do Write(a[i]: 6);
Readln
End.
Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong Vn Th Nha Trang
15

T: 0972.311.481 Trang 23
Bi 17. Vit chng trnh nhp mng gm n (n<=100)phn t ri xa i mt phn t
no c v tr nhp t bn phm
Program Xoa_Pt;
Var i,spt,vitri: Integer;
a: Array[1..100] Of Integer;
Begin
Writeln('--XOA PHAN TU TRONG MANG--');
Writeln('------------------------------------------------------');
Writeln;
Write('-Mang co bo nhieu phan tu- ');
Readln(spt);
For i:=1 To spt Do
Begin
Write('-Phan tu A[',i: 2,']= ');
Readln(A[i]);
End;
Writeln;
Writeln(' --MANG TRUOC KHI XOA--');
Writeln('--------------------------------------------------------');
Writeln;
For i:=1 To spt Do Write(a[i]: 6);
Writeln;
Writeln;
Write('-Vi tri muon xoa: '); Readln(vitri);
For i:=vitri to spt - 1 Do a[i]:=a[i+1];
spt:=spt - 1;
Writeln;
Writeln(' MANG SAU KHI XOA');
Writeln('- -----------------------------------');
Writeln;
For i:=1 to spt Do Write(a[i]: 6); Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong Vn Th Nha Trang
T: 0972.311.481 Trang 24
Writeln; Writeln;
Writeln(' Bam phim <Enter> de ket thuc ');
Readln
End.
Bi 18. Vit chng trnh nhp mng gm n (n<=100)phn t ri xa i nhng phn
t trng nhau trong mng v in ra mn hnh phn t sau khi b bt.
Program Bo_so_trung;
Uses crt;
Const Max=100;
Var A: Array[1..Max] Of Integer;
i,j,k,n: Integer;
16

Begin
Writeln('XOA BO CAC SO TRUNG NHAU');
Writeln('-----------------------------------------------');
Writeln;
Write('-Nhap so phan tu mang: '); Readln(n);
For i:=1 To N Do
Begin
Write('-Phan tu A[',i,']= ');
Readln(a[i]);
End;
i:=2;
While i <= N Do
Begin
j:=1;
While a[j] <> a[i] Do
j:=j+1;
If j < i Then
Begin
For k:=i to n-1 Do Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong Vn Th Nha Trang
T: 0972.311.481 Trang 25
a[k]:=a[k+1];
n:=n-1;
End
Else
i:=i+1;
End;
Writeln;
Write('-Mang con lai: ');
For i:=1 to n Do Write(a[i]: 8);
Writeln;
Writeln(' Bam phim <Enter> de ket thuc ');
Readln
End.
Bi tp phn xu:
Bi tp1: Chng trnh nhp t bn phm cc k t chng trnh m s ln xut
hin ca mi k t
Program Dem_so_lan;
Uses Crt ;
Var a: Array[ 'A'..'Z' ] of integer;
ch: char ;
i: byte ;
BEGIN
Clrscr ;
For ch:='A' to 'Z' Do a[ch]:=0 ;
Writeln (' Go phim 50 lan ') ;
For i:=1 To 50 Do
17

Begin
ch:=Readkey ;
ch:=Upcase(ch) ;
a[ch]:=a[ch] + 1 ;
End;
Writeln (' So lan xuat hien cac ki tu la: ') ;
For ch:='A' to 'Z' do
If a[ch] > 0 Then
Writeln (ch xuat hien, a[ch]: 4, ' lan. ');
Readln ;
END.
Bi tp 2: Nhp xu cho trc kim tra c phi xu i xng hay khng?
Program Xau-doi-xung;
Uses Crt;
Var St: string;
dx: Boolean;
i, len: byte;
BEGIN
Clrscr;
Write(' Nhap xau St = '); Readln(St);
dx:=True; i:=1; len:=Length(St);
While dx And (i<=(len div 2)) do
Begin
dx:=(St[i] = St[len - i+1]);
I:=i+1;
End;
If dx then Write(' St la xau doi xung ')
Else Write(St, khong phai la xau doi xung ') ;
Readln;
END.
Bi tp 3: Chng trnh nhp vo h tn ca mt ngi sau xa ht k t trng
d tha
Uses crt;
Const Chu=['a'..'z'];
Var Hoten: string;
i,len: byte;
BEGIN
Clrscr;
Write('Ho ten='); Readln(Hoten);
Len:=length(Hoten);
If Hoten[1] in Chu then Hoten[1]:=Upcase(Hoten[1]);
For i:=2 to len do
If (Hoten[i-1]=#32)And(Hoten[i] in Chu) then
Hoten[i]:=Upcase(Hoten[i]);
Write('Ho ten sau khi dieu chinh la: ', Hoten);
Readln;
END.
Bi tp 4: Vit chng trnh nhp vo mt xu, sau xut ra xu sau khi xa
18

ht k t s.
Program xoa_ky_tu_so;
Uses crt;
Var I,k: byte;
S: string;
Ch: char;
Begin
Clrscr;
Writeln(nhap xau ); readln(s);
K:=length(s); i:=1;
For ch:=0 to 9 do
Begin
While (i<=k) And (pos(ch,s))<>0 do
Begin
Delete(s,pos(ch,s),1);
i:=i+1;
End;
End;
Writeln(xau sau khi xoa het so la: ,s);
Readln
End.
Bi 5: Vit chng trnh nhp vo xu k t v xut ra mn hnh xu sau khi b
ht k t trng d tha.
Program xoa_ky_tu_trang;
Uses crt;
Var I,k : byte;
S: string;
Begin
Clrscr;
Writeln(nhap xau); Readln(s);
While (s[1]= do Delete(s,1,1);
While (s[lengh(s)] = do Delete(s,length(s),1);
While pos( ,s)<>0 do Delete(s,pos( ,s),1); Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong Vn
Th Nha Trang
T: 0972.311.481 Trang 29
Writeln( xau sau khi xoa het ky tu trang du thua la, s);
Readln
End.
Bi 6: Vit chng tnh nhp vo mt xu, sau xa ht k t trng d tha v i
cc k t u ca mi t thnh ch hoa.
Program Doi_chu;
Uses crt;
Var I,k : byte;
S: string;
Begin
Clrscr;
19

Writeln(nhap xau); Readln(s);

While (s[1]= do Delete(s,1,1);
While (s[lengh(s)] = do Delete(s,length(s),1);
While pos( ,s)<>0 do Delete(s,pos( ,s),1);
K:=length(s);
For i:=1 to k do if ( s[i]= )And( s[i+1]<> ) do upcase(s[i+1];
Writeln(xau sau khi dieu chinh la,s);
Readln
End.
Bi tp phn bn ghi, file
Bi tp 1: Chng trnh nhp danh sch hc sinh gm H tn, tui, lp ca hc
sinh,in ra danh sch va nhp
Program danh_sach;
Uses Crt;
Const n=15;
Type Danhsach=record Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong Vn Th Nha Trang
T: 0972.311.481 Trang 30
holot: string[25];
ten: string[10];
tuoi: 0..99;
lop: string[3];
End;
Var ds: array [1..n] of Danhsach;
i: byte;
BEGIN
ClrScr;
Writeln('Hay nhap danh sach hoc sinh: ');
Writeln;
For i:=1 to n do
Begin
Writeln('Thong tin hoc sinh thu ',i);
Write('Cho ho lot: '); Readln(ds[i].holot);
Write('Cho ten: '); Readln(ds[i].ten);
Write('Cho tuoi: '); Readln(ds[i].tuoi);
Write('Cho lop: '); Readln(ds[i].lop);
Writeln;
End;
Writeln('Danh sach hoc sinh: ');
For i:=1 to n do
With ds[i] do Writeln(holot: 20,ten: 10,tuoi: 4,lop: 5);
Writeln;
Write('Bam Enter de ket thuc...');
Readln; Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong Vn Th Nha Trang
T: 0972.311.481 Trang 31

20

END.
Bi tp 2: Chng trnh nhp danh sch hc sinh gm H tn, tui, lp. Chng
trnh in ra danh sch sau khi sp xp theo th t tng dn.
Program sap_xep;
Uses Crt;
Const n=5;
Type
Danhsach=record
holot: string[25];
ten: string[10];
tuoi: 0..99;
lop: string[3];
End ;
Var ds: array [1..20] of Danhsach;
i,j: byte;
f: file of Danhsach;
Procedure Doi(i,j: byte);
Var tg: Danhsach;
Begin
tg:=ds[i];
ds[i]:=ds[j];
ds[j]:=tg;
End;
BEGIN
ClrScr;
Writeln('Nhap danh sach hoc sinh tu file data.dat: ');
Writeln; Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong Vn Th Nha Trang
T: 0972.311.481 Trang 32
Assign(f,'data.dat'); Reset(f);
For i:=1 to n do Read(f,ds[i]);
Close(f);
For i:=1 to n-1 do
For j:=i+1 to n do
begin
If (ds[i].ten>ds[j].ten) then Doi(i,j)
Else
If (ds[i].ten=ds[j].ten)And(ds[i].holot>ds[j].holot) then Doi(i,j);
end;
Writeln('Danh sach hoc sinh: ');
For i:=1 to n do
With ds[i] do Writeln(holot: 20,ten: 11,tuoi: 4,lop: 5);
Writeln;
Write('Bam Enter de ket thuc...');
Readln;
END.
Bi tp 3: Thng tin v mi hc sinh l mt bn ghi gm cc trng:
21

Hm: mt xu 25 k t.
Tn: mt xu 10 k t.
Tui: mt s nguyn hai ch s.
Lp: mt xu hai ch s v mt ch ci vit hoa
Mt file bn ghi cha mt danh sch mt lp gm 20 hc sinh. Hy lp chng
trnh hin th danh sch ln mn hnh, mi ngi mt dng.
Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong Vn Th Nha Trang
T: 0972.311.481 Trang 33
Program Nhaphocsinh;
Uses Crt; Const n=5;
Type Danhsach=record
holot: string[25];
ten: string[10];
tuoi: 0..99;
lop: string[3];
end;
Var ds: Danhsach;
i: byte;
f: file of Danhsach;
BEGIN
ClrScr;
Writeln('Danh sach hoc sinh tu file bai2.dat');
Writeln;
Assign(f,'bai2.dat'); Reset(f);
For i:=1 to n do
Begin
Read(f,ds);
With ds do Writeln(holot: 20,ten: 11,tuoi: 4,lop: 5);
End;
Close(f);
Writeln;
Write('Bam Enter de ket thuc...');
Readln;
END. Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong Vn Th Nha Trang
T: 0972.311.481 Trang 34
Bi tp 4: Mt file bn ghi cha mt danh sch hc sinh, thng tin v mi hc sinh
ging nh bi trn. Hy lp chng trnh to mt file bn ghi khc cha danh sch
, mi bn ghi gm cc trng:
Htn: mt xu 35 k t.
Tui: mt s nguyn hai ch s.
Khi: mt s nguyn hai ch s.
Lp: mt ch ci vit hoa
22

Prorgam file_banghi;
Uses Crt;
Type Danhsach1=record
holot: string[25];
ten: string[10];
tuoi: 0..99;
lop: string[3];
End;
Danhsach2=record
hoten: string[35];
tuoi: byte;
khoi: byte;
lop: char;
End;
Var ds1: Danhsach1;
ds2: Danhsach2;
f1: file of Danhsach1;
f2: file of Danhsach2;
c: integer;
BEGIN Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong Vn Th Nha Trang
T: 0972.311.481 Trang 35
ClrScr;
Writeln('Ghi tu file bai3.dat sang bai3n.dat: ');
Writeln;
Assign(f1,'bai3.dat'); Reset(f1);
Assign(f2,'bai3n.dat'); Rewrite(f2);
While not Eof(f1) do
Begin
Read(f1,ds1);
With ds1 do
Begin
ds2.hoten:=holot+ten;
val(copy(lop,1,2),ds2.khoi,c);
ds2.tuoi:=tuoi;
ds2.lop:=UpCase(lop[3]);
Write(f2,ds2);
End;
End;
Close(f1); Close(f2);
Writeln;
Writeln('Bam Enter de ket thuc!');
Readln;
END.
Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong Vn Th Nha Trang
T: 0972.311.481 Trang 36
23

Bi tp v chng trnh con

Bi tp 1. Dng th tc chuyn mt s t nhin n cho trc sang h c s 2.
Procedure Change ( n: integer ; Var St: String ) ;
b: Array[0.. 1] Of Char = ('0', '1') ;
Var
du, So: Integer ;
S: String ;
Begin
S:='' ; {tao xau rong}
So:=n ;
Repeat
Du:= So mod 2 ;
So:=So div 2 ;
S:=b[du] + s ;
Until So = 0 ;
St:=S ;
End ;
Bi tp 2: Dng th tc gii phng trnh bc hai ax2
+ bx + c = 0
Uses Crt ;
Var a, b, c, x1, x2: real;
{================================}
Procedure Nhapabc(var aa,bb,cc: real);
Begin
Write('a='); Readln(aa);
Write('b='); Readln(bb);
Write('c='); Readln(cc); Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong Vn Th Nha Trang
T: 0972.311.481 Trang 37
End;
{=================================}
Procedure GPTB2;
Var Delta: real;
Begin
Delta:=sqr(b)-4*a*c;
If Delta<0 then Writeln('Phuong trinh vo nghiem.')
Else
If Delta=0 then
Begin
Write('Phuong trinh co nghiem kep: ');
Write('x1,2=',-b/(2*a): 8: 2);
End
Else
Begin
x1:=(-b+sqrt(Delta))/(2*a);
x2:=(-b-sqrt(Delta))/(2*a);
24

Writeln('Phuong trinh co 2 nghiem phan biet la: ');

Writeln('X1=',x1: 8: 2, 'X2=',x2: 8: 2);
End;
End;
{============================================}
BEGIN { CT chnh }
Clrscr;
Writeln(' Giai Phuong Trinh Bac Hai Voi Cac He So: ');
Nhapabc(a,b,c); Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong Vn Th Nha Trang
T: 0972.311.481 Trang 38
If a<>0 then GPTB2
Else Writeln(' Khong phai phuong trinh bac hai ');
Readln ;
END.
Bi tp 3: Vit chng trnh thc hin ln lt cc cng vic sau:
Lp th tc nhp ba s thc dng a, b, c t bn phm.
Lp th tc kim tra xem ba s trn c lp thnh ba cnh ca tam gic hay
khng ?
Vit th tc tnh din tch ca tam gic.
Vit th tc tnh cc trung tuyn ca tam gic.
Vit hon thin chng trnh chnh.
Program Chuong_trinh;
Uses Crt;
Var a, b, c: real ;
{================================}
Procedure Nhap(Var a, b, c: real);
Procedure input (Var a: real; tenbien: Char);
Begin
Repeat
Write('Nhap ' + tenbien+' = '); Readln(a);
Until (a>=0);
End;
Begin
Input(a, 'a');
Input(b, 'b');
Input(c, 'c');
End;
Procedure Kiemtra(a, b, c: Real); Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong Vn Th Nha
Trang
T: 0972.311.481 Trang 39
Begin
If (a<b+c) And (b<a+c) And (c<a+b) then
Writeln(a:0:2, ', ', b: 0: 2, ' va ', c: 0: 2, ' lap thanh ba canh cua tam giac ')
Else Writeln('Khong lap thanh ba canh cua tam giac') ;
25

End;
Procedure Trung_tuyen (a, b, c: Real);
Var ma, mb, mc: real;
Begin
ma:=sqrt((2*sqr(b)+2*sqr(c)-sqr(a))/4);
mb:=sqrt((2*sqr(a)+2*sqr(c)-sqr(b))/4);
mc:=sqrt((2*sqr(a)+2*sqr(b)-sqr(c))/4);
Writeln('Cac trung tuyen cua tam giac la: ') ;
Writeln('ma=', ma: 0: 2, ' mb=', mb: 0: 2, ' mc=', mc: 0: 2);
End;
{================================}
Procedure Dientich (a, b, c: real); Var p, S: real;
Begin
p:=(a+b+c)/2;
S:=sqrt(p*(p-a)*(p-b)*(p-c));
Writeln('Dien tich =', S: 0: 2);
End;
{================================}
BEGIN
Clrscr;
Nhap(a, b, c);
Kiemtra(a, b, c); Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong Vn Th Nha Trang
T: 0972.311.481 Trang 40
Dientich(a, b, c);
Trung_tuyen(a, b, c);
Readln;
END.
Bi tp 4: S Hon Ho l s c tng cc c ca n (tr n) bng chnh n
V d: 6 = 1 + 2 + 3
a. Vit chng trnh kim tra xem 1 s c l s hon ho khng
b. Lit k tt c s hon ho t 1..2000 v m xem c bao nhiu s
Program So_hoan_hao;
uses crt;
var n,i,d,k,j: integer;
Procedure hoanhao;
Begin
d:=0;
for i:=1 to n-1 do
if n mod i=0 then d:=d+i;

26

if d=n then writeln(' So vua nhap la so hoan hao')

else writeln(' So vua nhap khong la so hoan hao');
end;
Procedure Viet_len;
Begin
write(' Day so hoan hao tu 1-->2000: ');
k:=0;
Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong Vn Th Nha Trang
T: 0972.311.481 Trang 41
for i:=1 to 2000 do
Begin
d:=0;
for j:=1 to i-1 do
if i mod j=0 then d:=d+j;
if d=i then
Begin
write(i: 5); k:=k+1;
End;
End;
writeln;
writeln(' Trong day 1-->2000 co ',k,' so hoan hao');
End;
Begin
clrscr;
write(' Nhap n='); readln(n);
hoanhao;

27

vietlen;
readln;
End.
Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong Vn Th Nha Trang
T: 0972.311.481 Trang 42
Bi 5: Nhp vo 1 s nguyn gm 4 ch s vit chng trnh con thc hin
Kim tra tnh chn l
Kim tra xem c phi l s nguyn t khng
Kim tra xem c phi l s chnh phng khng
Sau trn chng trnh chnh kim tra v tr li s va nhp thuc s no?
Program chuong_trinh;
uses crt;
var i,n,k,d: integer;
ok: boolean;
Function chanle(n: integer): boolean;
Begin
ok:=true;
if n mod 2<>0 then ok:=false;
chanle:=ok;
End;
Function nguyento(n: integer): boolean;
Begin
ok:=true; d:=0;
for i:=2 to n-1 do
if n mod i=0 then d:=d+1;
if d<>1 then ok:=false;
nguyento:=ok;
End;
Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong Vn Th Nha Trang

28

T: 0972.311.481 Trang 43
Function chinhphuong(n: integer): boolean;
Begin
ok:=true; k:=trunc(sqrt(n));
if sqr(k)<>n then ok:=false;
chinhphuong:=ok;
End;
Begin
clrscr;
write(' Nhap n=');readln(n);
if chanle(n) then writeln(' So vua nhap la chan')
else writeln(' So vua nhap la so le');
if nguyento(n) then writeln(' So vua nhap la nguyen to')
else writeln(' So vua nhap khong phai la so nguyen to');
if chinhphuong(n) then writeln(' So vua nhap la so chinh phuong')
else writeln(' So vua nhap khong la so chinh phuong');
readln;
End.
Bi 6. Vit chng trnh con tnh a Giai Tha vi a nhp t bn phm
Program giaithua;
uses crt;
var a: integer;
Function gt(n: byte): Longint; Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong Vn Th Nha Trang
T: 0972.311.481 Trang 44
Var
s: Longint;
i: byte;
Begin
s:=1;
For i:=2 to n do s:=s*i;
gt:=s;
End;
Begin
29

clrscr;
write ('Nhap so can tinh giai thua: ');readln(a);
if a:=0 or a:=1 then writeln('Giai thua cua ',a,' = 1')
else writeln('Giai thua cua',a,' =', gt(a) );
End.
Bi 7. Nhp vo 1 mng gm n s nguyn (2<n<20). In ra cc s nguyn t c trong
mng.
Program Mang;
uses crt;
var a: array [ 1..20] of byte;
i,n,d,j,k: integer;
Procedure nhap;
Begin
for i:=1 to n do
Begin
write(' a[',i,']='); readln(a[i]);
End;
End;
Procedure nguyento;
Begin
write(' Day so cac so nguyen to: '); Trn Vn Chung trng THPT Hong Vn Th Nha
Trang
T: 0972.311.481 Trang 45
k:=0;
for i:=1 to n do
Begin
d:=0;
for j:=1 to a[i]-1 do
if a[i] mod j=0 then
d:=d+1;
if d=1 then
Begin
write(' ',a[i]);
k:=k+1;
End;
End;
if k=0 then
write(' khong co so nao')
else
begin
writeln;
writeln(' Trong day co ',k,' so nguyen to');
End;
End;
Begin
30

clrscr;
repeat
write(' Nhap n='); readln(n);
until (2<n)And(n<20);
nhap;
nguyento;
readln;
End.

31