PEME5220M Adv. Math. Tech.

ACM Coursework-Non linear Stability Peishin Tan 200305149

Question:
Investigate stability of given system:
dx
y
dt
dy
 x  x3  y
dt

Solution:
dx dy
To find stationary points, and must equal to zero. Hence we have y  0 and
dt dt
thus or .
x ( x 2  1)  0 x0 x  1

Therefore we have fixed points at (0,0) , (1,0) and (-1,0) .

Jacobian of the system, J   0 1 

 3x 2  1  1
 

Thus Tr ( J )  1 and , 1  4(1  3 x 2 )

Det ( J )  1  3 x 2 1, 2   1 
2 2

 At point (0,0)
 0 1  3
J ( 0, 0 )    ; Tr ( J )  1 ; Det ( J )  1 ; 1, 2   1 
1  1 2 2
With conditions: , , indicated stable
Tr ( J )  0 Det ( J )  0 Tr ( J ) 2  4 Det ( J )  0

focus behaviour.

 At point (1,0)
0 1  1 3
J (1, 0 )    ; Tr ( J )  1 ; Det ( J )  2 ; 1, 2     1 or  2
2  1 2 2
With conditions: , , indicated saddle
Tr ( J )  0 Det ( J )  0 Tr ( J ) 2  4 Det ( J )  0

point behaviour.
1 1  2 1
J  1 I   ; J  2 I  
 
 2  2   2 1
Eigenvectors at point (1,0) must satisfy  J  I  X  0

Thus we have   1 1  x1   0 and  2 1 x 2   0

 2  2  y   2 1 y 
  1    2 
and
 x1  y1 y 2  2x 2

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PEME5220M Adv. Math. Tech. ACM Coursework-Non linear Stability Peishin Tan 200305149

 At point (-1,0)
0 1  1 3
J ( 1, 0 )    ; Tr ( J )  1 ; Det ( J )  2 ; 1, 2     1 or  2
2  1 2 2
With conditions: , , indicated saddle
Tr ( J )  0 Det ( J )  0 Tr ( J ) 2  4 Det ( J )  0

point behaviour.
1 1  2 1
J  1 I   ; J  2 I  
 
 2  2   2 1
Eigenvectors at point (1,0) must satisfy  J  I  X  0

Thus we have   1 1  x1   0 and  2 1 x 2   0

 2  2  y   2 1 y 
  1    2 
and
 x1  y1 y 2  2x 2

Therefore the phase plane diagram is sketched as below:

-1 0 1