Kha hc Ton 12 Thy L B Trn Phng Khong ng bin, nghch bin ca hm s

Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12

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Bi 1. Xt s ng bin, nghch bin ca hm s:
1.
4 2
1 1
3
4 2
y x x
Gii
Hm s ng bin trn cc khong (-1;0) v (1; ) ;
nghch bin trn cc khong (- ; -1) v (0;1).
2.
3
2
2 2
3
y x x
Gii
Hm s ng bin trn cc khong (- ;-1) v (1;+ );
Nghch bin trn cc khong (-1;1).
3.
3 1
1 2
x
y
x

Gii
Hm s ng bin trn cc khong
1
( ; )
2
v
1
( , )
2
.
4.
2
1
2 1
x x
y
x

Gii
Hm s ng bin trn cc khong
1 3
( ; )
2
v
1 3
( ; )
2
;
Nghch bin trn cc khong
1 3 1
( ; )
2 2
v
1 1 3
( ; )
2 2
.
Bi 2. Xt chiu bin thin ca hm s:
1. 2 1 3 5 y x x
Gii
TX:
5
;
3
D
Ta c:
3 4 3 5 3 89
' 2 ; ' 0 4 3 5 3
48 2 3 5 2 3 5
x
y y x x
x x

Bng bin thin:
KHONG NG BIN NGHCH BIN CA HM S
P N BI TP T LUYN
Gio vin: L B TRN PHNG
Cc bi tp trong ti liu ny c bin son km theo bi ging Khong ng bin nghch bin ca hm s
thuc kha hc Ton 12 Thy L B Trn Phng ti website Hocmai.vn gip cc Bn kim tra, cng c
li cc kin thc c gio vin truyn t trong bi ging Khong ng bin nghch bin ca hm s. s
dng hiu qu, Bn cn hc trc Bi ging sau lm y cc bi tp trong ti liu ny.
(Ti liu dng chung bi 01+02+03)

Kha hc Ton 12 Thy L B Trn Phng Khong ng bin, nghch bin ca hm s

Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12
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x
5
3

89
48

' y - 0 +
y
7
3


Hm s nghch bin trn khong
5 89
;
3 48
; ng bin trn khong
89
;
48
.
2.
1 1
os2 3cos ; 0,
2 2
y c x x x
Gii
' sin 2 3sin 2sin cos 3sin sin (2cos 3) y x x x x x x x
sin 0
0,
' 0
5
3
cos
6
2
x
x x
y
x
x

Bng bin thin:
x 0
5
6

' y + 0 -
y



Hm s ng bin trn khong
5
0,
6
; nghch bin trn khong
5
,
6

(Ch : Vi 0, x th sin 0 x nn du ca y chnh l du ca 2cos 3 x ).
3.
1 2
3 3
.(1 ) y x x
Gii
TX: R
Ta c:
2
3
1 1 3 1
' . ; ' 0
27 3
(1 )
x
y y x
x x

Du ca y chnh l du ca (1-3x)(1-x). Do ta c bng bin thin nh sau:
x - 0
1
3
1 +
' y + + 0 - +
y



Hm s ng bin trn cc khong
1
;
3
v (1; ) ; nghch bin trn khong (
1
3
; 1).
4.
2
2
. os 2 os
2 cos 1
x c x c
y
x x
; l tham s.
Kha hc Ton 12 Thy L B Trn Phng Khong ng bin, nghch bin ca hm s

Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12
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Gii
TX: R
Ta c:
2 2
2
2 2
2sin .( 1)
' ; ' 0 1 0 1
( 2 . os 1)
x
y y x x
x x c

Bng bin thin:
x - -1 1 +
' y + 0 - 0 +
y



Hm s ng bin trn cc khong ( ; 1) v (1; + ); nghch bin trn khong (-1;1)
Bi 3. Tm cc gi tr ca tham s m hm s:
3 2
1
( 6) 2 1
3
y x mx m x m ng bin trn R (ng
bin vi mi x)
Gii
TX: R
hm s ng bin trn R (ng bin vi mi x) th ta phi c ' 0 y x
2
2
2 6 0
' 0
6 0 2 3
x mx m x
m m m

Bi 4. Cho hm s:
3 2
( 1)
. (3 2)
3
m
y x mx m x
Tm m hm s lun ng bin.
Gii

2
' ( 1) 2 3 2 y m x mx m
hm s lun ng bin th ' 0 y x
+ Vi m-1 = 0 m = 1 th y = 2x +1 i du khi x vt qua
1
2

Vy hm s khng th lun ng bin.
Bi 5. Cho hm s:
4 2
( 1) 3 y m x mx m
Tm m hm s ng bin trn (1, )
Gii
3 2
' 4( 1) 2 2 2( 1) y m x mx x m x m
Hm s ng bin trn (1; ) ' 0 1; y x
+) m = 1 th y = -2x
Khi y khng th ln hn hoc bng 0 trn 1; => m = 1 khng tha mn.
+) m-1 > 0 m > 1, y = 0 c 3 nghim
Khi ta c du ca y nh sau:
- -
2( 1)
m
m
0
2( 1)
m
m
+
- + - +
Kha hc Ton 12 Thy L B Trn Phng Khong ng bin, nghch bin ca hm s

Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12
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' 0 1; 1 2( 1) 2
2( 1)
m
y x m m m
m

+) m 1 < 0 m < 1
Xt f(x) = 2(m - 1)x
2
m
8 ( 1); 1 0 f m m m
- Nu 0 8 0 0 m m kt hp vi m < 1 => 0 1 m th ( ) 0 f x x
=> du ca
2
' 2 2( 1) y x m x m nh sau:

- Nu 0 0 m th y c 3 nghim.
Khi du ca
2
' 2 2( 1) y x m x m nh sau:
- + - +

Vy khng th c ' 0 y trn (1; )
p s: 2 m
Bi 6. Cho hm s:
2 3 2
( 5 ) 6 6 5 y m m x mx x
Tm m hm s n iu trn R. Khi hm s ng bin hay nghch bin?
Gii
2 2
' 3( 5 ) 12 6 y m m x mx
Hm s n iu trn R khi v ch khi y khng i du.
Xt cc trng hp sau:
+)
2
0
5 0
5
m
m m
m

Vi m = 0 => y = 6 > 0 => Hm s n iu trn R v hm s ng bin
Vi m = -5 => y = -60x + 6 => Hm s i du khi x vt qua
1
10
(khng tha mn)
+)
2
0
5 0
5
m
m m
m

Khi y khng i du nu
2
5
' 3 5 0 0
3
m m m
Vi iu kin ta c:
2
3( 5 ) 0 ' 0 m m y trn R => Hm s ng bin trn R.
Kt lun:
5
0
3
m th hm s n iu trn R c th l hm s lun ng bin.
Bi 7. Cho hm s: 2
1
m
y x
x

Tm m hm s ng bin trn TX (ng bin trn mi khong xc nh ca n)
Gii
TX: 1 x
2
' 1
( 1)
m
y
x

- Nu 0 m th y > 0 1 x do hm s ng bin trn mi khong ( ;1) v (1;+ ), tc ng bin
trn TX.
Kha hc Ton 12 Thy L B Trn Phng Khong ng bin, nghch bin ca hm s

Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12
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- Nu m > 0 th
2
2
2 1
' , ' 0 1
( 1)
x x m
y y x m
x


Ta c bng bin thin:
x
- 1 m 1 1 m +
' y + 0 - - +
y



Hm s nghch bin trn (1- m ;1) v (1;1+ m ) nn khng th ng bin trn tp xc nh.
p s : 0 m



Gio vin: L B Trn Phng
Ngun : Hocmai.vn