III SEM(E&E) ANALOG ELECTRONICS LAB(10ESL37)

CLIPPING CIRCUITS
Expt No:1 Date:

AIM : To design and test clipping circuits for given reference voltage and verify transfer function of
the circuit
APPARATUS :
SL. No. PARTICULARS RANGE QUANTITY
1 Diode 1N 4007 2
2 Resistor 10k 1
3 Power supply 0 1!" 2
4 #ignal generator 1
$R% 1
! $onnecting &oard ' Patch cords
THEORY :
The circuit with which the wavefor( is shaped &y re(oving )or clipping* a portion of the
applied wave is known as clipping circuit+
$lippers find e,tensive use in radars- digital and other electronic syste(s+ .lthough several
clipping circuits have &een developed to change the wave shape we shall focus our attention to diode
clippers+ These clippers can re(ove signal voltages a&ove or &elow a specific level+
The i(portant diode clippers are
1+ Positive clipper+
2+ /iased clipper+
0+ $o(&inational clipper+
. clipping circuit co(prises of linear ele(ents like resistors and nonlinear ele(ents like
1unction diodes and transistors+ $lipping circuits are used to select for purpose of trans(ission that part
of a signal wavefor(- which lies a&ove or &elow a certain reference voltage level+
There are generally two categories of clippers series and parallel+ The series configuration is
defined as one where the diode is in series with the load- while in parallel configuration the diode is in
parallel with load+

The analysis of any clipping circuit involves following stages2
1+ #tudy of working diode+
2+ 3or(ulation of transfer characteristics e4uation+
0+ Plotting the transfer characteristics curve- ie+the graph of output voltage "5s input
"oltage )"
o
v5s "
in
* depending upon whether a diode is %N or %33+ . definite
Relationship is o&tained &etween "
o
and "
in
in practical clipper circuits+
.n e4uation relating "
o
and "
in
is ter(ed as the Transfer $haracteristics e4uation+

DE"T# O$ E&E BLDEA%S CET& BI'A"(R
III SEM(E&E) ANALOG ELECTRONICS LAB(10ESL37)
DESIGN :
To find the value of R:
Assume Rf = 100, & Rr = 1 M,
Where Rf - Diode forward resistance, Rr - Diode reverse resistance.
then R = (Rf Rr) = (100 10

) = 10 !
R = 10 !
Positive wave clipping circuit :







DESIGN :
D)*+,- ./e 0a12 C341e:
Diode gets forward &iased when .node to cathode voltage is greater than "

)#i60+7"*+
D)*+,- 5/e 0a12 C341e:
"
o)(in*6 "
i
)Diode when reverse &iased acts as open ckt- hence output follows input*+

DE"T# O$ E&E BLDEA%S CET& BI'A"(R
56
6
+
.6
t
"o
56
6
v
t
"o6"i
"
"i
"o
Transfer Characteristics
Input waveform Output waveform
III SEM(E&E) ANALOG ELECTRONICS LAB(10ESL37)
Positive Wave Clipper With Reference !oltage" :

DESIGN :
D)*+,- ./e 0a12 C341e:
8et the output voltage 9ve peak &e clipped at say 92 "
"
o)(a,* 6 2 "
3ro( circuit diagra(
"
o)(a,*6 "

9 "R
:here "

is the diode drop 6 0+7 "
Therefore "R 6 "
o)(a,* ; "

6 2 0+7
6 1+4 "
D)*+,- 5/e 0a12 C341e:
"
o)(in*6 "
i
)Diode when reverse &iased acts as open ckt- hence output follows input*+







DE"T# O$ E&E BLDEA%S CET& BI'A"(R
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+
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56
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t t
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) "
R
9"
*
"i
"o
Transfer Characteristics
Input waveform
Output waveform
III SEM(E&E) ANALOG ELECTRONICS LAB(10ESL37)
Negative Wave clipper circuit :






D)*+,- ./e 0a12 C341e:
"
o)(in*6 "
i
)Diode when reverse &iased acts as open ckt- hence output follows input*+
D)*+,- 5/e 0a12 C341e:
Diode gets forward &iased when .node to cathode voltage is greater than "

)#i60+7"*+

DE"T# O$ E&E BLDEA%S CET& BI'A"(R
6
+
56
"o
.6 .6
6v
t
t
6v
"o6"i
"

"i
"o
Transfer Characteristics
Input waveform Output waveform
III SEM(E&E) ANALOG ELECTRONICS LAB(10ESL37)
Ne-at+/e 7a/e 41+ppe* 4+*4)+t (7+t0 Re2e*e,4e):
DESIGN :
D)*+,- ./e 0a12 C341e:
"
o)(a,*6 "
i
)Diode when reverse &iased acts as open ckt- hence output follows input*+
D)*+,- 5/e 0a12 C341e:
"et the out#ut vo$ta%e &e '$i##ed at ( )
"
o)(in*6 2 "
3ro( circuit diagra(
"
%)(in* 6 "

"R
:here "

is the diode drop 6 0+7"

Therefore "R 6 "
o)(in* "

6 )2* 0+7
6 1+4 "+







DE"T# O$ E&E BLDEA%S CET& BI'A"(R
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+
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.6 .6
6v
t
t
6
R
.6v
"o6"i
"
i
) "

"
R
*
"
%
Transfer Characteristics
Input waveform Output waveform
III SEM(E&E) ANALOG ELECTRONICS LAB(10ESL37)
I,8epe,8e,t Le/e1 41+pp+,- (9+t0 *e2e*e,4e):






DESIGN :
D)*+,- ./e 0a12 C341e:
"et the *ve #ea! of out#ut vo$ta%e &e '$i##ed at *+)
"
o)(a,*6 90 "
3ro( circuit diagra(

DE"T# O$ E&E BLDEA%S CET& BI'A"(R
6
+
56
"o
.6
t
t
5(6
R2
.6v)
(6
R1
.6v)
0
) "
R
9"
*
"i
"o
) "
R
9"
*
Transfer Characteristics
Input waveform
Output waveform
III SEM(E&E) ANALOG ELECTRONICS LAB(10ESL37)
"
%)(a,* 6 "

9"R2
:here "

is the diode drop 6 0+7"

Therefore "R2 6 "
%)(a,* "

6 00+7
6 2+4 "+
D)*+,- 5/e 0a12 C341e:
"et the -ve #ea! of out#ut vo$ta%e &e '$i##ed at + )
"
o)(in*6 0 "
3ro( circuit diagra(
"
%)(in* 6 "

"R1
:here "

is the diode drop 6 0+7"

Therefore "R1 6 "
o)(in* "

6 )0* 0+7
6 2+4 "+
I,8epe,8e,t Le/e1 41+pp+,- (9+t0o *e2e*e,4e):
DESIGN :
D)*+,- ./e 0a12 C341e:
Diode <D1= gets forward &iased when .node to cathode voltage diff is greater than "

)#i60+7"*+
D)*+,- 5/e 0a12 C341e:
Diode <D2= gets forward &iased when cathode to .node voltage diff is greater than "

)#i60+7"*+






DE"T# O$ E&E BLDEA%S CET& BI'A"(R
6
+
"o
.6
Input waveform
Output waveform
0
"

"i
"o
"

Transfer Characteristics
III SEM(E&E) ANALOG ELECTRONICS LAB(10ESL37)


DE"T# O$ E&E BLDEA%S CET& BI'A"(R
56
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5 6v
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