SC Rating Guide-12

8/27/2013
1
2013 Eaton. All rights reserved.
Equipment Short-Circuit Current
Rating and Available Fault Current
Dan Neeser Field Application Engineer
Eatons Bussmann Business
Dan.Neeser@CooperIndustries.com
2
Agenda
Interrupting Rating & Series Rating
Short-Circuit Current Ratings
Maximum Fault Current Marking
Fault Current Calculations
UL 508A Industrial Control Panels
Supplement SB - SCCR
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3
Interrupting Rating
NEC
Article 100 Definition

Highest current an OVERCURRENT DEVICE
(fuse or circuit breaker) is rated to safely interrupt.
Self protection rating only
NEC
110.9 Interrupting Rating.

Requires the overcurrent device to have an
interrupting rating not less than the maximum
available fault current.
The maximum fault current must be calculated and
varies based on system size/location.
Similar Requirements in OSHA 1910.303(b)(4)
4
Interrupting Rating
NEC 110.9: Device interrupting rating MUST
be equal to or greater than the maximum
available fault current.
Chapter 1 Video Clips - Interrupting Rating
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5
1
st
Determine available short-circuit
current (I
sca
) at lineside
terminals of each OCPD.
2
nd
Apply OCPDs with adequate
Interrupting Rating.
I
sca
3
M M
MSB
I
sca
1
I
sca
4
I
sca
5
I
sca
6
I
sca
2
Interrupting Rating - Proper Application
6
Must select circuit breaker with interrupting rating adequate for
point of application varies by voltage and circuit breaker type.
Interrupting Rating - Proper Application
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7
High Interrupting rating of current-limiting fuses at full voltage reduces
concerns about proper interrupting rating at point of application
I.R. - Proper Application
8
A combination of:
- Circuit breakers / circuit breakers
OR
- Fuses / circuit breakers
that can be applied at available fault levels
above the interrupting rating of the load side
circuit breaker, but not above that of the main
or line side device.
Downstream device will ALWAYS be a circuit breaker
Series Rated Systems
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9
Series Rated
Combination
65,000 A.I.R.
200A Circuit Breaker
65,000 A.I.R.
I
SC
=65,000 A
20A Circuit Breaker
I
SC
=65,000 A
10,000 A.I.R.
Series Rated Systems: CB-CB
10
Series Rated
Combination
200,000 A.I.R.
I
SC
=200,000 A
20A Circuit Breaker
I
SC
=300,000 A
10,000 A.I.R.
Series Rated Systems: Fuse-CB
LPJ 400 SP
300,000 A.I.R.
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11
NEC240.86(A) Selected Under Engineering
Supervision in Existing Installations
The series rated combination devices must be selected
by licensed, professional engineer.
Requires Documentation and Stamp.
Series combination rating and upstream device must be
field marked on end use equipment.
Downstream circuit breaker must remain passive.
NEC240.86(B) Tested Combinations
The combination of line side and load side devices must
be tested and marked on the end-use equipment
(panelboards & switchboards).
12
Additional Limitations and Requirements
Labeling Requirements
Manufacturer NEC240.86(B)
Field Marking NEC110.22(B)&(C)
Motor Contribution Limitations
NEC 240.86(C)
Motor FLA cannot exceed 1% of IR of protected CB.
Lack of Selective Coordination
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13
Current Limitation
A current limiting
fuse will clear a
fault within one
half of a cycle.
Thermal energy is
proportionate to the
square of RMS
current multiplied by
the time (Irms
2
t)
Mechanical stresses
are proportionate to
the square of peak
current multiplied by
the time (Ip
2
t)
14
Current Limitation
Conductor protection for fault of 45kA/480V (26kA with
conductor) with non-current-limiting device (1 cycle) vs.
current-limiting device (>1/2 cycle)
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15
Short-Circuit Current Ratings
NEC
Article 100 Definition

The highest current EQUIPMENT can withstand without extensive
damage (fire or shock hazard).
Also known as component protection
May be based on a specific type of overcurrent device
NEC
110.10 Circuit Impedance, Short-Circuit Current Ratings,

and Other Characteristics.
Requires the equipment to have a short circuit current rating
not less than the maximum available fault current.
The maximum fault current must be calculated and varies
based on system size/location.
Similar Requirements in OSHA 1910.303(b)(5)
16
Motor Starter - SCCR
High Fault Test: starter
protected by an instantaneous
trip circuit breaker (MCP) that
only provides Type 1 protection
High Fault Test: starter
protected by Low-Peak
fuses
that provides Type 2 (No
Damage) protection
Fault
480V - 22,000A
Fault
480V - 22,000A
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17
430.8 Marked on motor controllers
440.4(B) Marked on HVAC equipment
409.110(3) Marked on industrial control panels
409.22 Fault current cannot exceed marked SCCR
670.3(A)(4) Marked on industrial machinery
control panel
670.5 Fault current cannot exceed marked SCCR
UL 508A, Supplement SB is an approved method
to determine SCCR for industrial control panels
and industrial machinery control panels
SCCR Marking Requirements
18
Fault Current Marking Requirement
110.24 Available Fault Current.
(A) Service equipment must be marked with
the maximum available fault current and
date of calculation
(B) If fault current increases due to system
modification, the marking must be updated.
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How to Comply?
Service Equipment
Isc =60,142 A
Isc =27,532 A
Isc =42,153 A
Max Avail. Fault Current = 58,524 A
Date Determined/Calculated: 9/2010
Isc =18,752 A
Isc =38,525 A
Required per NEC 110.24
Motor Controller
SCCR = 25kA
Industrial Control Panel
SCCR = 30kA
Industrial Machinery Panel
SCCR = 65kA
HVAC
SCCR = 40kA
All equipment must comply with:
NEC 110.9 (IR) &110.10 (SCCR)
Engineer Calculate
Contractor Label
20
IR/SCCR Inspection Check-List
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21
Fault Current Calculations
To determine the fault current:
Draw the one-line diagram
Identify sources of short-circuit current (utility,
generation, motors)
Include system component information
(tranformers, conductors, busway, overcurrent
devices are not considered)
Use calculation method (ohmic, per unit, point-to-
point, software)
Use typical fault current values as a reference
only.
22
Typical Short-Circuit Current Values
Short-Circuit Current at service entrance equipment
varies by type/size of system:
Small residential systems (100A to 200A) 10,000A to
15,000A or less
Small commercial building systems (400A to 800A)
20,000A to 30,000A
Larger commercial and manufacturing building systems
(2,000A to 3,000A) - 50,000A to 65,000A
Higher short-circuit currents are possible where low
impedance (energy-efficient) transformers are used (or
where larger transformers (kVA) feed multiple services.
Commercial buildings directly connected to utility grid
system 200,000A or greater
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23
Short-Circuit Current Factors
Typically
highest at
service point
Decreases in
downstream
equipment
(due to
impedance of
transformers
and
conductors)
24
Calculation Example
480V/3000A Service supplied from 2500 kVA
Transformer
Find Isc at Transformer Secondary & Service
Equipment
480V, 3000A Service Equipment
Service Transformer
2500 kVA
13.2kV 480V
5% Impedance
7 600 Cu kcmil/phase
25 Feet in PVC
Isc = 60,142 A
Isc = 58,524A
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25
I
FLA
=
KVA X 1000
E
L-L
X 1.732
KVA =KVA of Transformer
E
L-L
=Secondary Phase to Phase voltage
Calculation Example
Step One: Calculate Secondary FLA of
Transformer (3 phase)
26
2500 KVA Transformer
13.2kV - 480V, 3 Phase
Z =5%
I
SC
I
FLA
=
2500 X 1000
480 X 1.732
I
FLA
= 3007 A
Calculation Example
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27
Mult =
100
% Z
Mult =
100
5
Mult = 20
Calculation Example
Step Two: Calculate Multiplier
Z =Impedance of Transformer, refer to transformer
nameplate or manufacturer data
28
I
SC
= I
FLA
X Mult
I
SC
= 3007 X 20
I
SC
= 60,140 A
Calculation Example
Step Three: Calculate Secondary Short
Circuit Current
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29
480V
Switchgear
25 Feet in PVC
I
SC
= 60,140A
Calculation Example
Calculate Short Circuit Current at 480V
Switchgear
30
I
SC 480V SWGR
= I
SC
X Mult
Calculation Example
Isc known from previous calculation
Calculate multiplier for Cable
Step One: Calculate f value
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31
f =
1.732 X L X I
SC
C X E
L-L
L = Length of conductor
I
SC
= Short-circuit current at beginning of circuit
C = C Value Constant for Cable
From Table. Multiply by #of runs
E
L-L
=Phase to Phase Voltage
Calculation Example
Step One: Calculate f value
32
Calculation Example
C Value 600 kcmil, CU, PVC =28,033
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33
f =
1.732 X 25 X 60,140
7 X 28,033 X 480
= 0.0276
Calculation Example
Step One: Calculate f Value
L = 25 Feet
ISC = 60,140 A
C = 7 X 28,033 - See C Value Table
EL-L =480V
34
Mult =
1
1 + f
Step Two: Use Calculated f Value
Calculate Multiplier
Calculation Example
Mult = = 0.9731
1
1 + 0.0276
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35
I
SC 480V SWGR
= I
SC
X Mult
I
SC 480V SWGR
= 60,140 X .9731
I
SC 480V SWGR
= 58,522 A*
* Add motor contribution if present
Calculation Example
Calculate Short Circuit Current at 480V
Switchgear
36
What if the System Changes?
Service Transformer
3000 kVA
13.2kV 480V
5% Impedance
25 Feet in PVC
Isc = 72,171 A
Isc = 70,587A
Service Transformer
2500 kVA
13.2kV 480V
4% Impedance
25 Feet in PVC
Isc = 75,178 A
Isc = 72,667A
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37
Cooper Bussmann Short-Circuit Calculator
New version
Apple or Android Apps
Web (run from homepage)
Old version
Download for Window XP
38
Choosethreephaseor
singlephasesystem
Calculating available fault current and creating 110.24 labels has never been easier!
1 2 3
ClickonAddtomy
System
Selectacomponent
youwanttoadd
Create a System
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39
SelectAdd
Transformer
1 2 3
Ifyouhaveaknownprimaryfault
currentyoucanaddithere.Ifnot,
selectassumeinfinite
Entervaluesintothe
appropriatefields
Add a Transformer
40
AfteraddingaTransformer,
youwillbeaskedifyouwant
toaddmotorcontribution
1 2 3
Youcancompleteaquickcalculation
byselectinga%ofyour
transformersFLAoradditmanually
Addthese
calculationstoyour
system
Add Motor Contribution
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41
SelectAddTo
MySystem
1 2 3
AddConductor
RunorBussRun
Addthecorrectvalues
andAddToSystem
Add Other Components
42
Viewsystemoneline
diagram
1 2 3
Emailoneline
diagram
Selectaspecificfaultto
createalabel
System Summary
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43
Selectafaultandclick
onCreateLabel
1 2
Entertheemailaddress,projectname,
faultname,andlabelsize,thenSendLabel
Create a Label
44
TaponFuse
SizingDiagram
Sizing fuses for mains, feeders, and branch circuits has never been easier!
1 2 3
Taponthecircuit
toprotect
Revieweachsectionandthefuse
suggestionsfortheselectedlocation
Fuse Sizing
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45
TheUserguide
providesuseful
informationaboutFC2
Thereisauserguide
selectionatthebottom
ifeachpage
Basedonwhereyou
areintheapp,youwill
beprovidedaspecific
overviewofFC2s
functionality
WhiletheFC2isvery
intuitive,theremaybe
additionalquestions
ThereisaContactUs
selectionatthe
bottomofeachpage
Fromthislocation,
youcanselecttosend
anemailfortechnical
assistanceor
customerservice
support
User Guide & Contact Us
46
Cooper Bussmann FC
2
Web Version - Example
8/27/2013
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47
How to Determine SCCR?
Short-Circuit Current Rating (SCCR)
Can be established by testing during the listing
and labeling process
OR
Can be determined using an approved
(calculation) method
UL 508A Supplement SB is an approved method
(industrial control panels and industrial machinery
control panel)
AHJ Approved Method
NRTL field evaluation can also be used.
48
Industrial Control Panel SCCR
Industrial Control Panel.
An assembly of two or more components consisting of one of the
following:
1)power circuit components only, such as motor controllers,
overload relays, fused disconnect switches, and circuit breakers;
2)control circuit components only, such as push buttons, pilot
lights, selector switches, timers, switches, and control relays;
3)a combination of power and control circuit components. These
components, with associated wiring and terminals, are mounted
on, or contained within, an enclosure or mounted on a subpanel.
The industrial control panel does not include the controlled
equipment.
48
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49
UL 508A Supplement SB
What Needs to be Analyzed per UL 508A,
Supplement SB?
All power circuit components (SB 4.1)
Feeder and branch circuit components that supply power to
loads (motors, lighting, heating and appliances)
Includes disconnect switches, fuses, circuit breakers, load
controllers, overload relays, power distribution/terminal
blocks, bus bars, etc.
Control circuit components are not required to be
analyzed
Pushbuttons, pilot lights, selector switches, timers, control
relays, etc.
50
Power vs. Control Circuits
Control circuit components
dont have to be analyzed
Power
Transformer
Control Transformer
*
*Control Circuit, but
affects SCCR
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51
How to Determine Component SCCR (SB4.2.2)?
The SCCR marked on the component or on instructions.
The SCCR determined by the voltage rating of the
component and the assumed short circuit current from
Table SB4.1.
or
The SCCR for a load controller, motor overload relay, or
combination motor controller that has been investigated
in accordance with the performance requirements,
including short circuit test requirements for standard fault
currents or high fault currents specified in the Standard
for Industrial Control Equipment, UL 508, and described
in the manufacturers procedure.
52
What are the Rules (Sweep 1)?
Lowest component SCCR limits
assembly SCCR unless:
Combination ratings can be used to
increase branch circuit component ratings
(SB 4.2.2)
Component with marked/specified OCPD
Check with component manufacturer for
combination ratings
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53
Combination Ratings - Branch
Use combination
ratings with
specified/marked
OCPD to fix low rated
branch components
Component SCCR OCPD I.R.
Combination ratings of overcurrent protective devices and components can be used
Nameplate
480
SCCR:
Voltage:
100kA
54
Combination Ratings - Contactor
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55
Combination Ratings - MMP
OL Protection Only
Fuse or Circuit Breaker Required for
SC Protection
Suitable for Group Installations
Straight Ratings (480V)
56
Combination Ratings Type E/F
Combination Motor Controller
SC & OL Protection
Line Side Adapters Required
Slash Ratings (480/277V)
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57
Combination Ratings - ASD
200kA with Class CC/J /T Fuse
Suitable for Group Installations
65kA with Type E CMC (480/277V)
58
Combination Ratings - Feeder
Use UL Listed power
distribution block with high
SCCR when used with
specified fuses or circuit
breakers and required load
side conductors
Must have feeder circuit
spacing (Listed PDB) if in
feeder circuit
Nameplate
480
SCCR:
Voltage:
100kA
Combination ratings of PDBs is cost effective fix
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59
2013 Eaton. All rights reserved. 59
Combination Ratings - PDBs
PDBFS220 (4 14 Load Side
Conductors) 100kA with 175A
Class J fuse or less
60
Lowest component SCCR limits assembly
SCCR unless:
Feeder components are used that limit the short-
circuit current reducing the need for higher branch
circuit component SCCR (SB 4.3)
Current limiting overcurrent protective devices
Transformers rated 10kVA or less
8/27/2013
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61
Feeder Circuit
Branch
Circuit
Branch
Circuit
Feeder vs. Branch Circuits
62
Use of CL Devices - OCPD
CL Device must be in the feeder circuit
For CL Fuses or Circuit Breakers
Use PEAK Let-through, Not RMS Let-Through (more
conservative)
Fuses - cannot use manufacturer specific fuse data
only tables based on performance requirements from
UL 248 (more conservative - apply to all
manufacturers)
Circuit Breakers - must be Listed and marked current-
limiting and use published let-thru curves (most circuit
breakers are not CL)
Can only raise downstream BRANCH circuit
components (not overcurrent protective devices
fuses/circuit breaker IR or Combination motor
controllers SCCR)
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63
Fuse LT UL vs Manufacturer
LPJ -100SP
UL Limits
50kA =12kA
100kA =14kA
200kA =20kA
Manufacturer Let
Through Curves
Ip LT:
50kA =9kA
100kA =12kA
200kA =14kA
Irms LT:
50kA =4kA
100kA =5kA
200kA =6kA
64
Current limiting
feeder OCPD
can be used to
increase branch
component
SCCR.
Use of CL OCPD can only fix components
F
B
Use of CL Devices - OCPD
Nameplate
480
SCCR:
Voltage:
14kA
8/27/2013
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65
Use of CL Devices - Transformers
CL Device must be in the feeder circuit
For Transformers
If 10kVA with secondary devices (components and
overcurrent devices) of 5kA or higher, apply the IR
of the primary overcurrent protective device
If 5kVA (120V Secondary) with secondary devices
(Components and overcurrent devices) of 2kA or
higher, apply the IR of the primary overcurrent
protective device
66
10 kVA
Use of CL Devices - Transformers
Transformers can be used to
limit the short-circuit current
available
If 10kVA & sec comp =5kA+
If 5kVA/120V & sec comp =2kA+
Then assign entire circuit I.R. of
primary overcurrent device
Use of Small Transformers (10kVA or less) can increase secondary component/OCPD ratings
Nameplate
480
SCCR:
Voltage:
200kA
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67
Lowest overcurrent protective device interrupting
rating (or SCCR for some devices) always limits
assembly SCCR
All Feeder and branch circuit overcurrent devices
Tested series combination ratings or series ratings
(fuse-circuit breaker or circuit breaker-circuit breaker)
are NOT allowed.
Branch circuit overcurrent devices tapped from the feeder
circuit supplying a control circuit.
Supplemental protective devices protecting the control
circuit transformer in a motor branch circuit.
68
Overcurrent Protection Devices
Branch Circuit Protective Devices
Fuses
Circuit Breakers
Application Limited Devices
Supplemental Protectors/Fuses
Not suitable for branch circuit
protection (protecting a load)
Can only be used in control circuits
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69
Why High SCCR?
NEC & Equipment standards only require the
SCCR to be marked
NEC requires the marked value to be adequate
for the maximum available fault current
Although not required, high SCCR is often
preferred
Flexibility of application
Multiple installations
Fault current unknown
Insufficient SCCR can delay installation
70
Fix It - Solutions
High I.R. Protective
Devices
Class R
Class J
Class J Drive Fuse
Class T
Class CC
CubeFuse
High Speed
High IR/CL CBs
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71
Fix It - Solutions
High SCCR Components
Questions?

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8/27/2013

Article 100 Definition

110.9 Interrupting Rating.

Article 100 Definition

110.10 Circuit Impedance, Short-Circuit Current Ratings,

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