1987 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON LABOR

The 1987 Philippine Constitution, the supreme law of the land, mandates the protection of labor
and the promotion of their welfare. It provides the fundamental labor standards and labor relations rights
of the employees. The constitutional provisions on labor are provided under

Article II, DECLARATION OF PRINCIPLES AND STATE POLICIES

Section 9. The State shall promote a just and dynamic social order that will ensure the prosperity
and independence of the nation and free the people from poverty through policies that provide adequate
social services, promote full EMPLOYMENT , a rising standard of living, and an improved quality of
life for all.

Section 10. The State shall promote social justice in all phases of national development.

Section 18. The State affirms labor as a primary social economic force. It shall protect the rights of
workers and promote their welfare.

Section 20. The State recognizes the indispensable role of the private sector, encourages private
enterprise, and provides incentives to needed investments.

ARTICLE III, BILL OF RIGHTS

Section 1. No person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law, nor shall
any person be denied the equal protection of the laws.

Section 8. The right of the people, including those EMPLOYED in the public and private sectors, to
form unions, associations, or societies for purposes not contrary to law shall not be abridged.

Article IX-B, THE CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION

Section 2.
3. No officer or employee of the civil service shall be removed or suspended except for cause provided
by law.
5. The right to self-organization shall not be denied to government employees.
6. Temporary employees of the Government shall be given such protection as may be provided by law.

ARTICLE XIII, SOCIAL JUSTICE AND HUMAN RIGHTS

Section 3. The State shall afford full protection to labor, local and overseas, organized and
unorganized, and promote full EMPLOYMENT and equality of employment opportunities for all.
It shall guarantee the rights of all workers to self-organization, collective bargaining and
negotiations, and peaceful concerted activities, including the right to strike in accordance with
law. They shall be entitled tosecurity of tenure, humane conditions of work, and a living wage. They
shall also participate in policy and decision-making processes affecting their rights and benefits as
may be provided by law.

The State shall promote the principle of shared responsibility between workers and EMPLOYERS
and the preferential use of voluntary modes in settling disputes, including conciliation, and shall enforce
their mutual compliance therewith to foster industrial peace.
The State shall regulate the relations between workers and employers, recognizing the right of labor to its
just share in the fruits of production and the right of enterprises to reasonable returns to investments,
and to expansion and growth.

Section 14. The State shall protect working women by providing safe and healthful working conditions,
taking into account their maternal functions, and such facilities and opportunities that will ENHANCE
their welfare and enable them to realize their full potential in the service of the nation.